DO IT YOURSELF SERIES
LEARN: Corelation between Area and pressure
Splashing Fountain Learning Manual
LEARN: Corelation between Area and pressure This is a D.I.Y (do-it-yourself) educational science kit that provides useful knowledge about simple physics. “You'll be amazed� to learn realistic concepts of basic physical theory through exciting activities.
How it works? The Splashing Fountain kit contains 1) A setup to make a miniature centrifugal pump. 2) A setup to make a fountain using the centrifugal pump Water fountains circulate water using a water pump. Water is pumped out of a pool of water, up through the inside of the fountain, where it then falls back into the pool of water. The water is under pressure from the pump pushing it through tubes. A simple fountain might have a single spray of water pointed upward, whereas more complex fountains can have many spray heads pointed in different directions creating designs and effects. It is important to understand how a pump pulls water from the pool. After that we would understand how supplying pump with appropriate tubing and outlets it can be made into something very ornate.
Science behind Pressure system: A centrifugal pump works by the conversion of the rotational kinetic energy, typically from an electric motor or turbine, to an increased static fluid pressure. The rotation of the pump impeller (rotating blade of the pump) imparts kinetic energy (velocity) to the water as it is drawn in from the centre and is forced outward to the periphery. The cross-section area of the outlets from the impeller is much lower. Due to this the water gains high kinetic energy. When it finally exits through the outlets, this increased kinetic energy (velocity) causes the water to shoot out as a projectile.
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The direction of the water projectile can be changed by changing the direction of the outlet. The range or height of the water projectile can be changed by giving the water more kinetic energy. This can be done by reducing the area of the cross-section of the nozzle further.
Do you know? The world's largest water fountain in Dubai, which is under construction and is yet to be named, will be capable of shooting water over 150 meters into the air the height of a 50-storey building and stretch over 275 meters the length of two football fields. The fountain will include an integral light and sound show and is expected to become one of Dubai's major tourist attractions, drawing over 10 million visitors per year.
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Quiz 1 Mark the correct answer(s) in each of the following I. In order to increase the velocity of water from the nozzle one can (a) Decrease the cross sectional area of the outlet (b) Increase the cross sectional area of the outlet (c) Replace the pump with a high powered pump (d) Replace the pump with a low powered pump 2. Find out the different types of pumps that are available and design a fountain based on them.
Additional DIY Centrifuge Pump http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/cpump.html Rotary Pump http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/plate%20pump.html <Make sketches based on the images provided here also write the caption written.>
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How to connect :
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1• Connect the shaft (07) to the motor (06).
2• Insert the assembled motor module into the fountain body part with ears (08). The flat face of the motor module (06) should be facing up and wires should be tugged through the top as shown.
3• Use the other fountain body (08) to close over the fountain body (08) with ears by joining together
4• Insert the fountain body (08) into the center hole of the fountain base (09).
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5â&#x20AC;˘ Install the spinning unit (11) to the bottom of the fountain base (09) with the rotor of the spinning unit (11) facing downward. Then fasten the fountain base lock (10) by closing it.
6â&#x20AC;˘ Place the fountain shield cover (12) over the top of the assembled fountain body. Make sure that the wires are entered through the hole of the fountain shield cover (12).
7â&#x20AC;˘ Take the assembled unit and place into the eco-friendly reusable box (05). You need to align the box base with holes (04) beside the eco-friendly reusable box (05) to connect the circuits.
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8• Install the battery compartment (01) and ON/OFF switch (02) on the box base with holes (04). Then install 3 spring connectors (03). Narrow end down, and push the spring as far as it will go.
9• Connect two black wires to spring (a). Then connect the red wire from the fountain body to spring (b), and as well connect a red wire from the ON/OFF switch (02) to spring (b).
10• Connect the other red wire from the ON/OFF switch (02) to spring (c). Consequently, the red wire from the battery compartment (01) should be connected to the same spring (c).
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11 11• Finally, pour tap water in the ecofriendly reusable box (05) half filled. It is important to note that the water level should not be higher than the fountain base (09).
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Gallery: Show these images along with the caption “With different spouts and appropriate lighting fountains can become amazing works of art.” http://waterfountainindia.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/making_water_fountain_01.jpg http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/09/b2/28/water-fountain.jpg http://www.walksydneystreets.net/photos/silverwater-water-fountain-xw.jpg http://i82.photobucket.com/albums/j280/gardenplansireland/garden-water-feature-irelandimage-.jpg
How to play a) install the tall and short fountain caps onto the fountain base provided with four holes to see different water splashing patterns. To install the fountain caps simply fix it over the four holes provided on the fountain base. Or
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b) Simply install nothing at all. If you do not install any fountain cap onto the holes, the holes will have spout coming out in another pattern and different from those with the caps on. You can experiment different combination of holes and caps, different arrangement and direction to make different water splashing pattern. It is now done! Insert 2pcs AA size batteries to the battery compartment. Turn the switch on. You will see the fountain working. Try to adjust the direction and combination of fountain caps to create your very own beautiful fountain!
Have an exciting splashing experiment! Ensure all wires are correctly connected to the battery terminals and spring connectors as stated in the instruction. Bend the spring connector over and insert the exposed shiny conductor part of wire into the spring connector. If the circuit does not work, make sure the insulated â&#x20AC;&#x153;plasticâ&#x20AC;? part of the wire is not obstructing the connection to the spring connector, and make sure the wires are securely connected.
Warning ! Do not short-circuit the battery terminals and spring connectors. It may cause overheating. Do not lock the motor or other moving parts. It may cause overheating. Water toys sometimes get messy. Protect play surfaces before use. Drain, rinse, clean and dry all items thoroughly before storing.
BASIC CONNECTION PRINCIPLE Wiring connections
Spring (a)
Spring (b)
red
Battery Compartment (01) black red
ON/OFF Switch (02) Motor of the fountain base(06)
black
Spring (c)
red
red
08
a
b
Spring Connectors
c
If at any time in the future you should need to dispose of this product please note that waste electrical products should not be disposed off with household waste. Please recycle where facilities exist. Check with your local authority or retailer forrecycling advice. (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive) An educational product by Mexus Education Pvt. Ltd.( formerly Axiom Education Pvt. Ltd.) Regd. Off.: No. 135 / 2 / A, Muktanand Marg, Chala, Vapi -396191 (Gujarat) Mumbai Office: 512, Midas, Sahar Plaza Complex, M V Road, J.B. Nagar, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400 059. For more information www.iken.in For Customer Care Contact: +91 922 322 4044 Email: help@iken.in For sales enquiry: sales@iken.in