COLOR THEORY MELANIE OLIVERA SPRING 2017
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color + Theory
Module 1
5
Hello...
tHINGS i LOVE? DESIGN TRAVEL PHOTOGRAPHY ANIMALS COFFEE
whaT do i do? interior architecture Accelerated masters grad 2 - 3RD year
...This is me!
Background
WHERE | WHEN | WHY WHERE are you from? o I am from Miami, Florida o Family is from Cuba o I speak Spanish & English WHEN/WHY did you become focused on design? o I started focusing on design in high school when I took a drawing class as well as a set design class. I also became interested through travel, real estate, and photography.
3D printing Amateur radio Acting Animal fancy
Art
Astrology Astronomy Badminton
Baking Billiards Bowling Boxing
Board games Book restoration Breakdancing Calligraphy Candle making Chess Computers
Coffee Coloring
Cooking
Cosplaying Couponing Creative writing Crossword puzzles Dance Debate Digital arts Drama Drawing
Gambling Graffiti Gun smithing Home brewing Ice skating Jewelry making Jigsaw puzzles Juggling Knitting Lacemaking Lapidary
Sketching Soap making Stand-up comedy Table tennis
Video gaming
Watching movies Web surfing Whittling Wood carving Woodworking World building Leather crafting Lego building Writing Lock picking Yoga Lucid dreaming Yo-yoing Machining Air sports Mahjong Archery Metalworking Magic Astronomy Model building Auto racing Backpacking BASE jumping Baseball Origami Basketball Painting Beekeeping People watching Bird watching Blacksmithing Playing musical instruments Board sports Bodybuilding Brazilian jiu-jitsu Poi Cheerleading Poker Color Guard Pottery Community Puzzles Quilting Cycling Reading Camping Climbing Cricket Sculpting Dancing Sewing Singing Darts
Learning
Listening to music
Dog sport Dowsing Driving Equestrianism Fencing Field hockey Fishing Flag Football Flying Flying disc
Friends
Gardening Geocaching Ghost hunting Golfing Gymnastics Handball Hiking Hockey Horseback riding Hunting Inline skating Jet skiing Jogging Judo Kart racing Kayaking Kite flying Kite surfing Lacrosse LARPing Laser tag Letterboxing Martial Arts Metal detecting Meteorology Model aircraft
Motor sports Mountain biking Mountaineering Mushroom hunting/Mycology
Netflix
Nordic skating Orienteering Paddle boarding Paintball Parkour
Photography
Shopping
Skateboarding Skiing Skim boarding Skydiving Slack lining Soccer Snowboarding Speed skating Stone skipping Squash Surfing Swimming
Polo Taekwondo Racquetball Rafting Tai chi Rappelling Tennis Rock climbing Triathlon Roller derby Urban exploration Roller skating Rugby Vacation Running Volleyball Sailing Walking Sand art Water sports Scouting Scuba diving Weight lifting Sculling or Rowing Whale Watching Topiary Zip lining Shooting
HOBBIES DIY Projects Electronics Embroidery Fashion Fish Keeping Flower arranging Foreign languages
Gaming
Playing cards Pets
Scrapbooking
VACATION
EXPLORATION VACATION
EXPLORATION
PLACES I’VE BEEN TO o o o o o o oo oo oo o o o oo oo
Sarasota Key West Cayman Islands Sarasota Jamaica Key West BelizeIslands Cayman Haiti Jamaica Belize Mexico Haiti Philadelphia Mexico Boston Philadelphia Boston Atlanta
PLACES I’VE BEEN TO
o
Atlanta
LOCAL
LOCAL
INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL
EDUCATION EDUCATION
EXPERIENCE
EXPERIENCE
1ST YEAR: DESIGN 1
2ND YE DESIG
2ND YEAR: DESIGN 4
3RD Ye GRAD
WHY STUDY DESIGN? Interior spaces can impact the way life is experienced. I study design because it is a great way to creatively bring ideas to life and create spaces that are memorable, aesthetically pleasing, and functional for its users.
ST YEAR: 1 3RD YEAR: GRAD DESIGN 2DESIGN 1
1ST YEAR: DESIGN 1
2ND YEAR: DESIGN 4
3RD Year: GRAD DESIGN 1
coloRs FAVORITE COLOR(S) Blue Green White/Black Pink
LIKES/DISLIKES/APPLICATION I tend to like pastel colors as well as bold colors that pop. I like to mix colors with metals, like silver, gold, etc. My choice of clothing/cars is usually not as colorful as my preferences in design.
color+designers
Module 2
13
QIORA STORE + SPA Location: New York, NY Art Director: Architect:
Aoshi Kudo
ARO (Architecture Research Office)
Meet the Designers
Aoshi Kudo - Art Director
Stephan Cassell - ARO Architect
Adam Yarinsky - ARO Architect
“Born in Tokyo in 1964. Graduated from Tokyo University of Fine Arts and Music, Art Department in 1988, transferred to Shiseido International France in 1992. His works are tiny encapsulations of communication design.” - Jagda // Ginza Graphic Gallery
“Principal and co-founder, with Adam Yarinsky, of Architecture Research Office, a New York-based firm practicing modern architecture and visionary urbanism. Stephen Cassell holds an undergraduate degree in architecture from Princeton University and received his Master of Architecture from the Harvard Graduate School of Design. Recent work includes renovation of Union Square’s historic pavilion” - Interior Design
“FAIA. LEED AP. Principal and co-founder, with Setphen Cassell, of Architecture Research Office. Adam holds an undergraduate degree in Architecture from the University of Virginia and a Master of Architecture from Princeton University.” - National Building Museum
About Qiora Store + Spa Qiora is a Japanese holistic skin care brand by Shiseido Cosmetics. The designers wanted the store to resemble the product’s holistic approach. Their use of color and light gives a sense of inner calm . The delicate curvilinear elements create fluid movement throughout store and rewards guests with a refreshing and relaxing sensory experience throughout the spa and store. “During the day, Qiora’s computer-controlled lighting is predominantly warm white. Cooler tones emerge in the evening...The light modulates between warm and cool shades to create a sense of daylight and a radiant glow on the skin” (VMSD)
“Curvilinear shapes encourage exploration. Fabric creates soft boundaries for the consultation and reception areas” (VSMD)
The color BLUE gives a sense of calmness, relaxation, and tranquility. This soft shade of blue promotes mental relaxation and helps reduce tension.
Color Scheme + Materials
“Massive windows at the entrance give passersby clear sightlines into the space ” (VMSD)
The designers used different shades of cool blues mixed with white and dark blues for their layered organza veils suspended from the 20 ft ceilings to “dematerialize the solid surfaces of the round spa cabins”. Because of the ‘placement of illumination and diffusion of light’, soft materials, and cool colors, it draws attention to the space and creates a ethereal aura and soothing clean mood that refreshes the visitors. During the night, this pairing of color and lighting resembles a glowing lantern.
(ARO // VMSD)
Conclusion
Summary
The Qiora skincare brand wants its users to de-stress through the use of their
• The color blue has a calming effect since it is associated with healing, cleanliness, and tranquility. It can promote physical and mental relaxation.
products by encouraging them to “close their eyes, breathe in the
fragrance, and feel deep relaxation” . The designers intended for the space to have the same look and holistic effects as the products being used. The creative director and designers were able to incorporate the
calming color scheme, light and airy feel, and the use of natural lighting to represent the radiant glow of the skin.
• Color influences the mood felt within the space. • The combination of sheer soft fabrics, cool tones and bright lighting gives soothing, gentle, and airy atmosphere.
“Aoshi Kudo pursues pure “form” through careful examination of the actual colored object (product)—separating it from the compound tangle of brand and marketing elements, uses and needs, that otherwise color it—and devises a Sheer suspended fabrics provide privacy for the lounges and cabins in spa and act as partitions between the spa and store
structure for communicating with the people who will take it in hand. “
(Ginza Graphic Gallery)
color + FILM
Module 3
19
FILM Pulp Fiction is a series of short stories that coincidentally come together through sudden twists and unfortunate events. The film composes of a couple robbing a diner, two hit-men trying to retrieve a briefcase for their Boss, a boxer on the run after accidentally killing his opponent, and an outing with the Boss's wife.
Use of Color Throughout the film, the director uses a variety of color schemes and lighting to influence the mood and reinforce the plot. The colors most commonly seen are red, orange, yellow, black, and white. These colors correlate with the reoccuring themes of drugs, death, and money as they mostly represent bad luck, danger, and caution.
Scene 1: The Robbery The movie begins with a couple, nicknamed Honey Bunny and Pumpkin, who are talking about the different risks of robbing a bank versus a diner. They ultimately decide to rob the diner. The color orange is what stands out the most. It is seen on all the chairs, light wood, their hair color, and the wall tiles.
The light orange material on the booths they are sitting in indicates Towards the ending of the movie, we can see the outcome of the The color orange is seen all over this scene, indicating danger and anticipation. This conversation leads up to them getting excited robbery. The color orange is contrasted by the color blue. Both guys increase in pulse rate, which is appropriate to how the robbers and deciding to rob the diner and steal everyone’s wallets. are wearing a blue shirt which contrasts with the rest of the color are feeling as these hit-men ruin their robbery attempt. Purple scheme within the scene. It draws our attention to them as they are represents bravery. trying to remain calm while everyone around them is freaking out.
Scene 2: The Outing Vincent Vega is supposed to take Mia Wallace (his Boss's wife) out to entertain her while he is out of town. The director varies in lighting and color to change the mood from beginning to end of the entire outing. From innocently picking her up, taking her out to dinner in a funky diner, to her ODing on his drugs.
Vincent arrives to the Wallace’s house, which happens to be all In this scene, Mia Wallace decides she wants to dance and enters The lighting in this scene was very warm, giving this gold filter white and has harsh bright lighting. The color white represents the dance contest, against Vincent's wishes. She convinces him to to the scene. The yellow-hues of the lighting scenes represents purity and innocence, which is a total juxtaposition of dance. The color Red represents courage and excitement. nervousness and caution. The color gold represents honor Marcellus and Mia Wallace’s true characteristics. The black suit The navy blue color represents strength and authority. and windows represents sophistication and bad luck.
and loyalty, which represents Vincent trying to save his boss’s wife Mia from OD’ing.
Scene 3: Butch Butch's late father left behind a watch for him. His wife accidentally left this watch behind at the apartment where the hit-men are. Butch goes to retrieve the watch, where he encounters one of the hitmen. On his way home, he runs over Marcellus Wallace and tries to escape from him and his gun. They start fighting in a store which takes an unexpected turn.
Butch's wife is seen mostly wearing a white t-shirt next to white walls or on white linens. White represents represents purity
and innocence which applies to her character.
There is a bright orange towel behind Butch as he yells at his wife and throws a TV because she left his dad's watch at the
apartment, indicating danger and increase in pulse rate.
As Butch returns to his apartment, where the hit-men could be, he is The yellow-hues are introduced again in this scene where the rapists wearing a brown jacket. The color Brown, which is most prominent are threatening Butch and Wallace. The color yellow mixed with in this scene, represents home and comfort. Paired with yellow the dark tones of the scene's lighting give ominous feel as well as a (the flowers), it can mean self-centeredness and gloom. As he walks sense of nervousness and caution. into his apartment, there is red furniture and posters as well as a yellow pot and poster. These are all signs foreshadowing danger,
fear, and caution.
color+ balance
Module 4
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DISCUSSION types of balance
WHAT IS BALANCE? Balance refers to the relationship of different hues to one another
• Symmetry (formal balance) - Arrangement of elements on either side of an implied axis that are equally balanced and of same shape and form. Balance out of chaos creates order, order creates purpose . • Asymmetry (informal balance) - Equal in color weight but vary in shape and size on either side of implied axis.
when each is perceived to be equal in perceived visual weight.
• Radial (radiating from central axis) - achieved by equal rotation of design elements around a central axis.
How DOES IT INFLUENCE design?
• Chaos (no balance) - Results when there is no relation to or consideration of the design elements that make up our physical environment.
Interiors, at a minimum, should attempt to contain a three-value scheme. This allows a space to maintain depth and visual interest. Too dark can be overwhelming and depressing, too light is almost unnatural and lacks interest, and mid-tones become complacent and uninteresting. Spaces need to have balance in order to create unity, harmony, and pleasantness in a space. Too much color can be overstimulating for the users in the space.
How DOES IT relate to color? The colors have to be balanced not only within the selection of colors but within the physical environment as well in order to shape the interior and focus attention on specific features. The addition or subtraction of color conveys the impression or perception that the designer intends. Too much color is an overload and causes chaos and disorder within the space.
TYPES OF COLOR BALANCE • Value Contrast (Light/Dark) - opposition in order to show or emphasize differences between two objects. Dark draws emphasis, light colors are usually nonimportant elements. • Hue Balance (Complements) - Colors directly on opposite side of color wheel, when placed next to one another intensify the other hue which makes each appear brighter. • Intensity Contrast (Bright/Dull) - relative brightness or dullness of color is established by adding complementary colors to hue or addition of grey. • Size (Small/ Large) - larger amount of color used, the lighter it will appear and vise versa. Color interaction involves contrast of light/ dark values.
color+HEALTHCARE
Module 5
31
DISCUSSION
WHAT IS hEALTHCARE? The prevention or treatment of illness by doctors, dentists, psychologists, etc in hospitals and other facilities.
How DOES IT INFLUENCE design?
How DOES IT relate to color?
Color and Nature provide healing benefits in healthcare environments.
The range of colors can include fresh new green found in spring’s first growth
However, based on studies of impact of color and design, there is no clear evidence suggesting that any ONE color is effective in achieving a particular healthcare outcome. Architects who engage all five senses and elements of colors and combinations into the design process can enhance the healing process. To reduce stress and pain and to replenish the human condition, design professionals are learning to add strong references to nature in healthcare environments.
to the deepening green leaves and grass of summer. Spring and summer also bring pops of color from flowering blooms including red, yellow, white, purple and blue. Ochre, amber, gold, fire red, oranges and deep burgundy come with the leaves and plants of fall. Browns and grays are revealed on the bare tree branches and trunks as winter arrives. Bringing these earth tones into the hospital interior provides a soothing, calming environment that promotes healing. The use of a nature-inspired color palette helped to enhance the sense of healing and well-being that the hospital wanted to promote.
Core Components of Design • Human interaction • Importance of family, friends and social support • Patient access to information and education • Nutritional and nurturing aspects of food • Healing environments through architecture and interior design • Arts and entertainment programs • Spirituality • Importance of human touch • Complementary therapies • Healthy communities
12 elements of healthcare environments • Single patient rooms • Ergonomics • Furniture arrangement • Air quality • Windows • Wayfinding
• Building layouts and zoning • Access to nature • Light – particularly natural daylight • Floor materials • Noise control • Positive distraction through the use of aesthetics
color + rhythm
Module 6
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DISCUSSION
WHAT IS Rhythm? Movement. A natural evolutionary trait in nature that can be transferred to interior spaces and can be furthur emphasiszed with color. The repetitions, recurrence, or sequencing of similar design elements in the built environment, creating a pattern.
How DOES IT INFLUENCE design? Nature can be a huge inspiration for rhythm through organic forms. Rhythm can be used to create a focal point in a space with just one single hue in stark contrast to the surrounding achromatic values, giving a playful character to the color rhythm. It can also assist with wayfinding or determining the activity of the space through hierarchy with color. Contrasting materials with other materials seen on vertical/horizontal surfaces can emphasize the visual flow, form, and movement that we experience. Rhythm can send visual messages to evoke spatial experience.
How DOES IT relate to color? Alternating hues, progressive values, or contrast of saturation are the different ways that a designer can introduce rhythmic order to the space. The weaker the contrast, the weaker the rhythm (and vise versa). A color rhythm of more than three hues should be avoided due to visual clutter.
TYPES OF RHYTHM • - Repetition: Systematic orderly succession of identical design elements, like shape, line, form, and color, along a defined path in a space. • Alternation- Two design elements are repeated in a sequence but the pattern includes two distinctly different elements (roundsquare, red-blue) • Progression - Repetition of similar elements with a continuous change (large-small, low-high, narrow-wide, light-dark) • Continuation/Transition - Refers to the placement of one or more colors throughout the space to create the continuous movemennt of the eye through a space. Fluid connection. • Radiation - Concentric color arrangement instead of objects to unify design elements and create visual movement versus the traditional sense of arrangement in radial pattern.
color + RETAIL
Module 7
39
A'GACI Location: Dolphin Mall in Miami, FL About:
A’gaci is a clothing brand for young people. They started in 1971, based in San Antonio, Texas, and are now considered one of fashion’s fastest growing brands. Their motto is “be sexy, be feminine, be confident”
The contrasts between the colors can shape the spaces. The neon green walls are seen in the more open areas with more popular items while
The ceilings are
red-orange
and
the magenta walls are in the more enclosed
neon green, which are opposite
areas, showing accessories.
on the color wheel. This calls the attention to buyers in the space.
CONTRASTING HUES + VALUES A’gaci’s brand colors are opposite on the color wheel. The colors are paired together throughout the store, emphasizing many visual focal points and creating a dynamic directional movement.
The ceiling design and magenta column
The contrasts between the colors dilineate the
neon green accentuate the space while the magenta elements in the space. The
ceiling design creates a boundary for the seating area near the shoes display.
are the main feature of the space, acting as The dropped ceilings above the main retail counter are red-orange and
neon green , which attracts buyers
the most dominant focal point in the space, showing the most popular products on the biggest mannequin display.
towards the registers.
CONTRASTING DESIGN FEATURES A’gaci uses various ceiling designs to accentuate the most important features in their space. The contrast between the colors create a unique balance throughout the space. The intense colors used throughout the space guides the eyes towards the important areas. The main feature is a magenta column in the middle of their store, next to the retail counter.
The The exterior uses a
bright red-
orange to create a visual emphasis that will attract shoppers to the space.
neon green
walls act as
a backdrop for the mannequins,
The dropped ceilings are
highlighting the area around them as
colored
and hanging over important displays
well as the products displayed on the
and areas, like the retail counters.
walls.
FOCAL POINTS The A’gaci brand uses three contrasting colors (magenta, red-orange, and neon green) from their brand to create focal points throughout the store.
Too much emphasis and individual elements on these features and focal points fight for dominance.
The dark orange floors give a rough
The use of metals contrasts with the
texture next to the smooth colored
colored walls
walls
smooth white displays and
neon
The
soft fabrics on the seating and in
the fitting rooms also creates a contrast in textures next to the smooth metals and walls.
CONTRASTING TEXTURES Contrasting textures can add emphasis to a space. A’gaci accomplishes this using a mix of metals within their intense color palette. The use of intense colors with white colors adds an implied visual texture throughout space.
color + SCALE
Module 8
47
DISCUSSION
WHAT IS SCALE?
Additional Methods for Proportional Relationships
Scale refers to the relationship of the human body to objects. Proportions refers to size and arrangement of objects with each
• Grid- The power of a grid to solve complex design problems is limitless. Helps achieve precise proportions and harmony in work.
other.
How DOES IT INFLUENCE design? Proportions are concerned wth relationships of various aspects while scale is concerned with the relative size of space. If proportions are off, the desired effect for the interior space will be compromised., like paint for example. If color is not planned, the resulting space may lack character, order, and visual significance.
How DOES IT relate to color? Color, contrast, and spatial volume must work together to create intended effects for the space. Color can be used to change our visual perception of space's actual size. Designers should assign dominant and subdominant colors with accents for visual contrasts in a three-color scheme. (60-70% dominant, 20-30% subdoominant, 10-20% accent). Alternating colors by intensity rather than proportion could also change the perceived visual mix.
• Golden Section- Mathematical formula where object's width is to its length as its length is to the sum of its length + width. • Fibonacci Sequence - a series of numbers where each number in the sequence is the sum of the two preceding numbers.
color + CAMERA
Module 9
51
Composition of photographs of analogous + complementary colors in my daily
surroundings
color+HOSPITALITY
Module 10
57
The W Hotel South Beach location:
Miami Beach, FL
Architect:
Costas Kondylis
coloR Palette
LOBBY
LIving Room Bar - Analysis
The lines on the floor imply a directional movement throughout the space. These lines go across the entire lobby, emphasizing the width of the room. Lines can communicate action, direction, and side-to-side movement.
There are three types of textures seen throughout the hotel: naturally rough (white stone), smooth (black stone), and matte (bronze panel). Layering these textures and materials throughout the space provides variety, adding to the sensory and visual contrast.
These massive columns that act as a barrier between the lounge areas and the walkway that is the main circulation of the space.
Rectangles are considered stable shapes because verticality provides the upward/downward movement, accentuating height and symbolizes strength and stability. These columns define the spatial boundary of the room and adds complexity to the space.
Pattern is the repetitive arrangement of shapes and colors. These circles are seen on the floor in the walkways and on the bronze wall panels within the space. The circles add movement and rhythm to the space in an otherwise linear space.
Living Room Bar
LIving Room Bar - Analysis
Vertical lines tend to direct the users attention towards the ceiling. The lamps seen in this space use angled straight lines, which stands out in the space along with it’s warm toned gold color. The grain on the walls emphasize verticality, accentuating heights and giving rise to expansive interiors.
These bronze circles are seen on most of the vertical surfaces of the W hotel. The circles add rhythm and movement since it stands out from the linear elements seen throughout the hotel.
The layered textures are seen throughout this space again. These textures are paired with bold colored paintings, dark colored furniture, shapes, and variety of metals to add contrast, visual excitement, and visual stimulation in a space. The grain of these textures adds to the verticality emphasized throughout the hotel. The furniture is soft / smooth compared to the naturally rough or smooth textures of the stones
The linear pattern seen in the lobby floor changes as it comes into the living room bar, turning into overlapping diagonal lines. Diagonal lines are considered dynamic and unusual. They give the illusion of instability and uncertainty while also suggesting quick action and radical movement. The purple color of the ottoman paired with these diagonal lines supports this impression. Repetitive patterns could also be seen on the furniture, like the pillows and the purple ottoman.
Discussion
Although the color palette was very monochromatic, the varied textures and patterns throughout the hotel were what really guided me through the spaces. The pops of colors added to the space was mostly in the furniture, which directed users to certain areas, like the lounge areas for comfort and relaxation. Other colors were seen on paintings at the end of hallways to act as visual focal point that guides users through the space. Another notable space in the hotel was the restaurant which also was consistent with use of textures and rhythmic movements, but using horizontality instead. The textures and patterns within the spaces enhance the sleek, high-end aesthetics of the W hotel.
color+WORKPLACE
Module 11
67
WORKPLACE DESIGN company: Pandora Media Inc location:
New York, NY
Architect:
“Variety is a principle of design that is concerned with the combination of one or more color elements that use line, shape, texture, and/or pattern to create diversity and contrast in an interior space�
BA Studio, Andrew Bartle Architects
PLANS
ELEVATIONS
COLOR PALETTE In a neutral color palette, the colors add a nice contrast and pop to the spaces. These colors are used to define certain spaces and can act as wayfinding
DISCUSSION | ANALYSIS The patterns seen are a combination of linear lines and round geometric shapes. The linear spaces are contrasted by the multi-colored circular disks on the back wall to give the space a contrasting sensory and visual stimulation and depth. The varying volumes of the offices also creates a rhythmic pattern throughout the spaces. There is a dot-matrix pattern seen on the glass partitions that acts as a method of privacy while also defining the surface of the volume
The vertical lines, such as the columns and wood slats, allow the space to feel more spacious by accentuating the heights, like the double height atrium (25 feet in height). These lines provide a connection between the two floors. The wooden vertical elements in the space vary in thickness in order to mask the existing structure and compose abstracted images of famous artists from all genres. There is also a play between verticality and horizontality, seen in the atrium.
.
LINE Shapes
are an important part of the design since they add movement and rhythm to the otherwise linear space. Geometric shapes are seen on the wall of circular disks. The irregular shaped millwork on the walls allow the images of famous artists to appear. The linear (rectangular) shapes are seen in the columns/beams, symbolizing strength and stability and adding complexity to the space. The shapes of the offices also vary in volumes and shapes to establish a sequence of tight and loose spaces.
Shape
Texture
PATTERN
There is a variety of textures throughout the spaces. The rich textures seen are smooth glass, naturally heavily grained wood, and rough concrete. The existing structure was kept exposed in its natural state, seen in the beams, columns, and floors. Glass was used to add a glossy, sleek, and crisp look to the spaces. Wood elements were added to each floor to add warmth and balance between textures to the spaces.
color + CULTURE
Module 12
73
Cuba + Italy Cultures Cuba
Cuba + Italy
My culture is from Cuba. Although I have never been to Cuba, my family is from Havana and Cienfuegos. We still embrace the traditions during the holidays and get-togethers with the choice of food and spanish music. I have chosen Italy to learn about their culture and how they use color. I have always been fascinated by Italy’s history, architecture, food, and culture.
Italy
Cuba
Cuba
Italy
Cuba
The Cuban culture is influenced by Spanish, African, French and Asian influences. The architecture resembles that of Art Deco and Spanish colonial. The vibrant colors seen throughout Cuba come from the clothing, art, and architecture like the pastel pinks, orange, and yellows paired with bright blues or reds. These warm colors represent warmth, excitement, and joy. The colors on the architecture are vibrant contrasting colors which create a cheerful and lively atmosphere on the streets along with the colorful clothing and island rythms.
The flag’s colors are red, blue, and white. Red represents courage and the three blue stripes represent the departments in which Cuba was divided, and white represents purity and stength.
Color + Culture | Melanie Olivera
Italy
Italy’s architecture is influenced mostly by classical Roman, Renaissance, Gothic, Baroque and Neoclassical styles. It is home to many famous monuments, such as the Leaning Tower of Pisa, Colosseum, and more, The most colorful village in Italy is Burano, which has the exteriors painted in bright, neutral toned natural stones.
bold colors
paired with
Golds, red, and orange colors are perceived as
warm, exciting,and active while blues, purples, and greens are calming, passive, and gentle. Italy’s flag is composed of three colors: red, white, and green. Green represents hope and nature, white for faith, and red for bloodshed, charity and giving.
COLOR THEORY MELANIE OLIVERA SPRING 2017