CATEGORY OF HORMONE:
TARGET TISSUES/ COMES FROM:
HORMONE:
Gonadotropinreleasing Hormone
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Luteinizing Hormone
Prolactin
GnRH
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
hypothalamus
adenohypophysis (ant pit)
females: stimulates FSH secretion & LH production males: stimulates FSH secretion & LH production
TSH
Peptide--> Glycoprotein
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pituitary)
thyroid gland
secretes thyroid hormones [T3 & T4]
ACTH
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pituitary)
adrenal cortex-- zona fasciculata
secretes glucocorticoids [cortisol]
FSH
Pept--> Glycoprotein
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pituitary)
females: follicle cells of ovaries
secretes estrogen, follicle develop, oocyte maturation
Pept--> Glycoprotein
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pituitary)
LH
PRL
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pituitary)
GH
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pituitary)
Growth Hormone
REGULATORY CONTROL/
REGULATORY CONTROL/
HORMONE STIMULATED BY:
HORMONE INHIBITED BY:
estrogen
progesterone
EFFECT THIS HORMONE HAS: CELLS:
males: nurse cells of testes
stimulates spermatogenesis
females: follicle cells of ovaries males: interstitial cells of testes
forms corpus luteum, stimulates ovulation, secretes progesterone
mammary glands
produce milk/ lactation
secretes testosterone
testosterone TRH [thyrotropin-releasing hormone] in hypothal cotricotropin-releasing hormone [CRH] in hypoth, stress & low bl glucose levels
high glucocorticoid levels shuts down secretion of CRH & ACTH
GnRH from hypothalamus "
"
GnRH from hypothalamus "
"
prolactin-releasing hormone [PRH], suckling
primary/indirect release somatomedins/IGF= increase GHRH by hypothalamus; high AA mechanism : liver cells concentrations; symp activity [stress protein synthesis & cells to take up [occurs after meal when amino acids & exercise] blood is nutrient rich] direct mechanism : epith cell divisions, increase lypolysis & cells, CT, adipose, liver cells release of FA for ATP; inc glycogenolysis " " [occurs when blood is & release of glucose into blood nutrient poor]
inhibin "
"
estrogen, progesterone & androgens-- all inhib LH androgens prolactin-inhibiting hormone [PIH]/dopamine GHIH; emotional deprivation/ failure to thrive
"
"
OVERALL EFFECTS : inc growth rate of skeleton & muscles in kids; maintain muscle & bone in adults; repairs tissue Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
MSH
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Antidiuretic Hormone
ADH
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Oxytocin
OXT, OT
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Thyroid Hormones
T3, T4
AA Deriv--> Thyroid Hormones
Adenohypophysis (Ant. Pit, Pars Intermedia) Neurohypophysis (Post. Pituitary) STORED AND SECRETED Neurohypophysis; PROD in
Thyroid Gland: follicular cells-REQUIRE IODINE
incr. prod of melanin/ skin pigment in fetal develop, young kids, pregnant corticotrophin-releasing hormone melanocyte-stimulating hormonemelanocytes in skin women, diseases; not active in normal [CRH] in hypothalamus inhibiting hormone [MSH-IH] adults kidneys, sweat glands, blood increases BV & BP, reabsorption of high osmotic/H2O concents, low BP low osmotic/H20 concents, high vessels water, decreases sweat & low BV levels BP & BV & alcohol females: uterine wall cervix stretching in labor, suckling at promotes labor & delivery via smooth muscle, mammary nipple, smooth muscle orgasmcontractions, milk ejection glands move gamete males: vas deferens, contractions of vas deferens and smooth muscle orgasm- move prostate prostate gland gamete
most cells
inc O2 rate; inc energy prod; inc metab via glycolysis, lipolysis and prot synth; inc form of red bl cells; inc HR & BP, inc prod of beta receptors-- tissues inc sensitv to symp activ; reg growth & develop
TSH in adenohypohysis
high levels of T3 or T4
CATEGORY OF
TARGET TISSUES/
HORMONE:
COMES FROM: HORMONE:
Peptide--> Short Polypep. Thyroid Gland: C Cells & Small Prot
bones, kidneys
PTH
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
bones, kidneys
ALD
Lipid--> Steroid Horm -- Suprarenal Glands > Mineralocorticoid (zona glomerulosa)
CT Calcitonin
Parathyroid Hormone
Aldosterone
COR
Lipid--> Steroid Horm >Glucocorticoid
--
Parathyroid Glands
kidneys, salivary glands, pancreas
Suprarenal Glands (zona fasciculata-cortex)
most cells
Suprarenal Glands (zona reticularis-cortex)
bone, muscles, uterus
Cortisol Lipid--> Steroid Horm -> Gonandocorticoids
Androgens
decreases bl Ca+ levels; inhibit osteoclasts & stim osteoblasts; effects opposed by PTH increases blood Ca+ levels; inc osteoclast activ; inhib osteoblast; inc renal Ca+ reabs; causes rel of calcitriol in kidneys= inc Ca absorb in GI tract; effects opposed by calcitonin & enhanced by calcitriol increases Na+ reabsorption (save Na+); increase excretion of K+ & H+
females: sex drive, masculinization **can be converted into estrogen** young children: bone & muscle growth; blood formation both sexes right before puberty: axillary & pubic hair growth; skeletal growth spurt activate sweat glands, inc heart rate [sympathomimetic effects] increases blood glucose levels : glycogenolysis in liver & muscle; hepatic gluconeogenesis (inc glycogen prod in liver); lipolysis
E, NE
AA Deriv--> Catecholamines
Suprarenal Medulla
most cells
Glucagon
GCG
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Pancreas-- Islets: alpha cells
liver, adipose tissue
Insulin
INS
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Pancreas-- Islets: beta cells
most cells
Calcitriol [active form of Vit D]
CTR
Lipid--> Steroid Hormone
Kidneys
intestinal lining, bone, kidneys
stimulates Ca++ absorption & Ca+ release from bone; inhibits PTH secretion
EPO
Peptide--> Glycoprotein
Kidneys
red bone marrow
increase red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in bone marrow; increases blood O2 levels; inc BV
kidneys, hypothalamus, adrenal gland
causes loss of Na+ and water in kidneys; inhibits-- renin release, ADH release, aldosterone release; suppresses thirst = decrease in BV & BP
Erythropoietin
ANP
Heart [when Peptide--> Short Polypep. stretched due to inc & Small Prot in BV & BP]
REGULATORY CONTROL/ HORMONE INHIBITED BY:
high blood Ca+ levels
low blood Ca+ levels
low blood Ca+ levels
high blood Ca+ levels
renin-angiotensin system; high blood K+ levels
ANP from heart
protein catabolism in skel muscle; lipolysis; promote lipid use by other ACTH from adenohypophysis; stress tissues; hepatic gluconeogenesis; hepatic leads to inc in CRH secretion by glycogenesis; decrease inflammation & hypothalamus & an increase in immune cells; slows CT repair; resistance cortisol to chronic stress via glucose reserve for brain & nerv. tissue
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
Atrial Natriuretic Peptides
REGULATORY CONTROL/ HORMONE STIMULATED BY:
EFFECT THIS HORMONE HAS: CELLS:
high cortisol levels [tight neg. feedback loop]
ACTH from adenohypophysis "
"
"
"
during sympathetic activ by sympathetic preganglionic fibers low blood glucose levels [hypoglycemia]
inc rate of glucose use= decreases blood glucose levels : glycogenesis; inc high blood glucose levels ATP; inc amino acid uptake; lip genesis [hyperglycemia] & parasymp activity in adipocytes
low blood oxygen levels
GH-IH [keep bl gl leveled off; prevents rapid changes in blood glucose]
GH-IH via symp activity
CATEGORY OF HORMONE:
TARGET TISSUES/ COMES FROM:
HORMONE:
REGULATORY CONTROL/
REGULATORY CONTROL/
HORMONE STIMULATED BY:
HORMONE INHIBITED BY:
EFFECT THIS HORMONE HAS: CELLS:
Adipose Tissues
hypothalamus
released into bloodstream after a meal; sense of satiation/enough energy; appetite suppression; must be present for GnRH to be secreted [and for release of FSH & LH]
Leptin
LEP
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Thymosin
THY
Peptide--> Short Polypep. & Small Prot
Thymus
lymphocytes, immune cells
regulate immune response in children and teens; begins to die after puberty
TT
Lipid--> Steroid Horm -> Gonandocorticoids
Testes-- interstitial cells
most cells
secondary sex characteristics; maturation of spermatozoa; inhibits GnRH secretion
LH
IN
Pept--> Glycoprotein
Testes-- nurse cells
adenohypohysis (ant pit)
inhibits secretion of FSH
developing sperm cells
adenohypophysis (ant pit)
inhibits secretion of FSH
developing follicles
most cells
stimulate LH secretion, secondary sex characts., repair & growth of endomet
FSH
uterus, mammary glands
stimulate growth of endomet, inc secretions from glands
LH
Testosterone
Inhibin
EST Estrogen PG Progesterone
Ovaries-- follicular cells Ovaries-- granulosa & Lipid--> Steroid Horm -thecal cells of > Gonandocorticoids follicles, corpus Lipid--> Steroid Horm -> Gonandocorticoids
Ovaries-- corpus luteum