LM MELODY SIU
Selected Academic Work
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Columbia GSAPP Oct 2014_ Core I Critic_Josh Uhl - The Bathroom Project - Harlem Wellness Center Jan 2015_ Core II Critic_Erica Goetz -VR Bank Sept 2015_ Core III Critic_Charles Eldred - Housing as Infrastructure Jan 2016_ Advance IV Critic_Andrew Heid - Brooklyn Tech Research Quarter Sept 2016_ Advance V Critic_Tatiana Bilbao - Open Space in the Vertical City Jan 2017_ Advance VI Critics_Stephen Cassell _Annie Barrett - Copula Hall- the City & the City
UCL Bartlett Sept 2014_ Final Year Critics_Murray Fraser _Pierre D’Avoine - Primrose Hill Voting Station - Regent’s Park Pony Club
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Located in Strauss Park, a small green space next to Broadway, this public toilet is designed to eliminate the stigma associated with it by introducing the element of play in its design. By turning the public toilet into a piece of playground infrastructure, it becomes an object that demands attention instead of an eye-sore. Using the attention that is directed to it, the safety of its users and proper use of the facilities can be assured. The toilet has two levels, with an accessible cubicle at the bottom and a same-sex unit on top. Nuances are created where toilet and non-toilet users interact and monitor each other through changes in lighting conditions. 4
COLUMBIA GSAPP CORE I STUDIO PROFESSOR _ JOSH UHL TEACHING ASSISTANT _ JASON DANFORTH
STRAUSS PARK PUBLIC TOILET
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Ground Floor Plan
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n
First Floor Plan
Roof Plan
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According to a study conducted by the New York City Departments of Health and City Planning and the New York City Economic Development Corporation, in certain low income neighborhoods, including Harlem, residents are under-served by grocery stores that sell fresh produce. Resulting from consuming low amounts of nutritious fresh foods, residents will risk higher rates of developing diet-related diseases, like heart disease, diabetes and obesity. In response to the area’s lack of recreational facilities and fresh foods grocery stores, the building is a swimming center that houses a food market, providing the community a one-stop-shop for a healthy lifestyle. Harlem falls within the FRESH Zone, a program developed by the Department of City Planning 8
in response to the Going to Market study. It highlighted the widespread shortage of neighborhood grocery stores in poorer neighborhoods, and the direct correlation between low consumption of fresh foods to poor health. The FRESH Program offers zoning incentives and financial benefits in these under-served communities.
COLUMBIA GSAPP CORE I STUDIO PROFESSOR _ JOSH UHL TEACHING ASSISTANT _ JASON DANFORTH
HARLEM WELLNESS CENTER
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Situated within Columbia University’s future Manhattanville expansion, the Harlem Wellness Center is a strip of building that only takes up about 2/3 of the site as a land-grabbing strategy. The ground level is a thoroughfare linking Broadway with Manhattanville, and houses a farmer’s market that rolls in and out of the landscape daily.
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mo sw der im at mi e ng
ck s de s a n e su ubl o d
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l
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sup str port uct ing ure
e ar ape ls sc al nd st la ts od to ni fo ut e u h o ag es d r fr lle sto y ro om da fr ery ev
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ds po of to n e e ed ad re sc tach fac at uth so de ght ca fa unli g s n ci ent fa h- bund ut so ts a e g
Food Stalls- with meal plans of specific nutritious value
Wading Pool
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DIRECTORY 3
4
2
LEVEL vigorous swimming
3
1 lap/diving pool 2 diving boards 3 sun deck/ eating area
1
4
3
LEVEL moderate swimming 1 lap pool 2
2
1
3
5
2 sun deck/ eating area 3 exercise room 4 observation room 5 pool above
2
5
2
3
6
2
LEVEL recreational swimming 1 wading pool
4 1
2 sun deck/ eating area
1
3 play area 4 male changing room 5 female changing room 6 waiting/ lounge area
LEVEL 2
3
4
5
1
6
food hall
1 food stalls
1
2 eating area 3 washroom 4 reception 5 consultation rooms 6 staff office
LEVEL
0
fresh food farmers market 3 1
1 market storage 2 fresh food farmers market
4
3 staff lounge/ office 4 sitting area
2
broadway
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old broadway
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B
A
B A
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Retail branch banks as we know it will become obsolete. With the proliferation of digital banking and third party banking applications, simple daily transactions will be performed outside of the confines of physical bank spaces. The old model of banking with numbers and charts is not appealing to a generation that seeks instant gratification. Responding to the age old notion of “seeing is believing”, the bank harvests the power of visualization as a marketing tool. It sells to clients the idea of a “better life”, inspiring them with the possibility of achieving financial security in the future through investment. Virtual Reality is used to give clients an immersive experience and an immediate taste of their future when their financial goals are reached. 18
COLUMBIA GSAPP CORE II STUDIO PROFESSOR _ ERICA GOETZ
VR BANK
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Retail banks will adopt the private banking model. Through collecting information from clients’ digital banking platforms, bankers target specifically to their likes and dislikes and propose relevant products to be purchased.
deposits credit cash management atm
retail bank clients adopting private banking model
client
w
ea
mobile
r iso dv
w
lt
h plann
cash management
manager
client
ea
deposits credit
ban k g in
client
atm
financial planning asset management
a
teller
er real estate insurance retirement
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lt
h plann
er
r in ret
estmen t inv
deposits credit cash management
manager
client
ban k g in
r iso dv
estmen t inv
mobile
teller
financial planning asset management
a
retail bank clients adopting private banking model
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MAXIMUM VISUAL EXPOSURE
Located in Long Island City among the Citi Group Building and other residential high rises, the building is a giant billboard that advertises itself. Bulbous Virtual Reality pods are half exposed to the exterior. Muted projections and silhouettes are visible from outside, satisfying the consumerist vanity of external display of wealth while respecting clients’ privacy, and hopefully attract more new customers
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Night view of VR Bank on site
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Massing study
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STRUCTURAL CONCEPT
The building is supported by a gridded frame, which is extruded and morphed into tubes that contain VR Pods.
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L2 / Sales Hall + Sales Office
L1 / Public Plaza + Public/ Staff Entrance
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View of Sales Hall and suspended VR pods above
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L3 / Virtual Reality Pods + Bank Office
L4 / Virtual Reality Pods + Bank Office
L5 / Virtual Reality Pods + Bank Office
L6 / Celebration Pod + Bank Office
Inside a VR pod
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The bank is divided into 5 parts: public plaza and lobby, an open space for everyone; Sales Hall, replacing the traditional banking hall, where affiliated sales in real estate, car dealerships, travel agencies, retirement planning etc station to sell their products; office- a thin block of working space for bank staff, with catwalks that connect it with VR Pods; VR Pods- where meetings with bankers and personal immersive Virtual Reality is experienced; Celebration Pod- final stop for Clients who have signed contracts with the Bank to purchase investment products.
Celebration Pod
VR Pods
Sales Hall
Sales Hall
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On catwalk towards VR Pod
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A city’s character and memory is embodied in its typologies, which make up the street. Connecting the city together are networks of infrastructure: transportation, power, sewers -- the things that make living and working in the city possible. In New York City, historical housing typologies trace changes in policies and new ways of life in the city, and its infrastructural systems have served a diverse public for hundreds of years. During our trip to Berlin, we noticed the many green courtyard spaces within housing projects that were visible from the street, framed by the architecture and accessible to pedestrians. For our site in the Bronx, we asked: what are the opportunities for making a public, green connection between infrastructures -- the river, highway, subway, and rail -- that travel near the site but do not stop?
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HOUSING AS INFRASTRUCTURE
Our project positions
by connecting public greenspace, street, transportation systems, and community facilities to housing at the urban, building, and domestic scales. The massive scale of public city infrastructures are mediated through its re-creation at progressively smaller scales.
GATEWAY TO THE BRONX. On
Our project acts as the
an urban scale, we propose an amenities strip that connects our housing proposal to Metro North, to the subway, and to the Major Deegan Expressway, connecting the neighborhood to Manhattan and beyond.
COLUMBIA GSAPP CORE III STUDIO PROFESSOR _ CHARLES ELDRED HOUSING PARTNER _ A.L. HU
HOUSING AS INFRASTRUCTURE
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GRAND CONCOURSE LOOKING NORTH Permeability on ground level to allow public access to various amenities provided as part of the residential development
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ire
eF
Th
Typological comparison- eco-house vs New York housing typologies
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ir
Sta
tair
dS
are
Sh
PRECEDENT STUDY ECO-HOUSE_FREI OTTO_1987_BERLIN As part of the Berlin IBA, Frei Otto proposed a building concept that consists of a Domino-like open concrete frame, “table”, and a shared external circulation core, which support inserts of owner-built homes. The result is a somewhat eclectic but unique expression of personalized duplex housing units. The form of the concrete table is flexible, as it responds to site conditions
Group model of Eco-house
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FORMAL STRATEGY
The housing blocks make sheltered space for the community and a street level thoroughfare that connects it.
Tower in the park TOWER IN THE PARK
TOWER IN THE PARK
LEANING SLABS
Leaning slabs
LIGHT + AIR
TOWER IN THE PARK
Sheltered space
LEANING SLABS
MIRRORED SLABS
LIGHT + AIR
SHELTERED SPACE
Varied to respond to site TOWER IN THE PARK
TOWER IN THE PARK
TOWER IN THE PARK
LEANING SLABS
MIRRORED SLABS
LIGHT + AIR
SHELTERED SPACE
SITERESPONSIVE
Frame as support for housing units
LEANING SLABS
MIRRORED SLABS
SITERESPONSIVE
LIGHT + AIR
SHELTERED SPACE
SCALE VARIATION
Raised to make thoroughfare on street level LEANING SITEMIRRORED SLABS
SLABS
RESPONSIVE
LIGHT + AIR
SHELTERED SPACE
SCALE VARIATION
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THE AMENITY STRIP At the scale of the site, the three blocks are designed as infrastructure to house units of accommodation as well as public amenities, including an amphitheater, a library, shops, an arcade, and a basketball court.
SITE PLAN
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H In ou st sin itu g tio x na l
H Co ou m sin m gx er ci al
M E ajo Sk xpr r D at es ee e sw g Pa a an rk y x
H W ou at sin er g Pa x rk
H ar le
m
Ri ve r
1/32” = 1’-0”
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rs e
H Re ou cr sin ea g tio x na l
N or th
M et ro -
H Re ou cr sin ea g tio x na l
G bw ran ay d C 2 on & 5 cou
Su
H Co ou m sin m gx er ci al
TYPE 1RESIDENTIAL X INSTITUTIONAL
WEST BLOCK 1/16” = 1’-0”
WEST BLOCK 1/16” = 1’-0”
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Plan +80’ TYPICAL PLAN, +80’ 1/16” = 1’-0”
Plan +30’
TYPICAL PLAN, +40’ 1/16” = 1’-0”
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TYPE 2RESIDENTIAL X COMMERCIAL
CENTER BLOCK 1/16” = 1’-0”
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TYPICAL PLAN, +80’
Plan +0’
Plan +80’
1/16” = 1’-0”
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TYPE 3RESIDENTIAL X RECREATIONAL
WEST BLOCK 1/16” = 1’-0”
EAST BLOCK 1/16” = 1’-0”
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Plan +80’
Plan +30’
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West: Public Green Space and Amphitheater
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East: Public Sports Facilities
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Center: Public Arcade as Open Green Space
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Center: Public Arcade as Farmer’s Market
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Double-height space of a communal indoor street
View from micro-unit towards balcony
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205205 S.F. S.F. 163163 UNITS UNITS
400400 S.F. S.F. 93 93 UNITS UNITS
800800 S.F. S.F. 42 42 UNITS UNITS
1190 1190 S.F. S.F. 23 23 UNITS UNITS
TYPICAL UNIT LAYOUTS
MICRO-UNIT MICRO-UNIT 205 S.F. 205 S.F. 163UNITS UNITS 163
BEDROOM 1 1BEDROOM 400 S.F. 400 S.F. UNITS 9393UNITS
BEDROOM 2 2BEDROOM 800 S.F. 800 S.F. UNITS 4242UNITS
BEDROOM 3 3BEDROOM 1190 S.F. 1190 S.F. UNITS 2323UNITS
15’ 15’
Micro-unit 205 s.f.
Two-Bedroom 800 s.f.
One-Bedroom 400 s.f.
Three-Bedroom 1180 s.f.
FLEXIBLE SPA OF UNIT 15’15’ MULTI-BEDROOM UNITS
MICRO-UNITS
Internal communal street
Flexible space
Inspired by street life in typical row house neighborhoods, the infrastructural open frame system creates elevated streets as safe and supervised playspace for families
Living space in micro-units are stripped to the minimal- freely-configurable flexible space is shared among two units, and can act as extensions to the units or as communal space.
Flexible space
Internal views
External views
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METRO-NORTH LOOKING WEST TOWARDS HARLEM RIVER
Permeability on ground level to allow public access to various amenities provided as part of the residential development
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The Brooklyn Tech Research Quarter- an urban research park within the larger Brooklyn Tech Triangle, introduces a new urban fabric that creates a network of spaces where of living, working and learning intersect. The existing Brooklyn Tech Triangle’s goal is primarily to increase the economic vitality of the area by providing and improving space, amenities and infrastructure to attract new business and help established ones grow, which is what Its 2015 Strategic plan aims to do. This plan, I feel, is missing an opportunity to create growth with existing education institutions. The proposed Research Quarter will house a satellite campus Columbia’s earth institute, specifically for Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy and the Columbia 66
Climate Center and the Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering. It will also provide space for other affiliated institutions, focusing on research and development on Energy and Environmental technologies.
COLUMBIA GSAPP ADVANCE IV STUDIO PROFESSOR _ ANDREW HEID
BROOKLYN TECH RESEARCH QUARTER
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At present, the Brooklyn Tech Triangle, defined by Downtown Brooklyn, Dumbo and the Brooklyn Navy Yard, is home to over 60,000 students, 11 educational institutions, and to more than 1,350 innovation companies. With one of the lowest commercial vacancy rates in the city (~ 3%), the Brooklyn Tech Triangle is facing an office space crisis of approximately 4 million square feet. Yet connectivity, activity and adequate quality housing continue to plague the area.
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LIVE/WORK/LEARN
New ideas about spaces for living/working/learning are proposed in Brooklyn Tech Research Quarter. Living units are stripped to the bare minimum- redefining the bed as the heart of the household, other essential amenities- the bathroom, storage space are placed around it. Living space morphs into “introverted� work space, which connects to the common open plan. These cubicles provide a transition for those who are more productive in quiet environments. It eliminates to disconnect of normal live-work spaces between staff and office. Research units are both working and learning environments in this Tech Quarter. They could be designed into open or closed units depending on research requirements.
BROOKLYN TECH RESEARCH QUARTER
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NEW ACTIVITY
ACTIVITES IN TYPICAL DWELLING
CONDENSED DWELLING
LIVE
DRY LABS
WORKING PE
RF
ORMED OUT S I
OPENRESTING PLAN OFFICE WORK CLEANSING SPACE
STORING
UNWINDING
AT-HOME WORK SPACE COOKING
DINING
DE
PERFO RMED IN BEDROOM
PERFORM ED OUTSIDE
PERFO RMED IN BEDROOM
THE BED = THE CENTER OF A HOME
DRY LABS
COLLABORATE ON-SITE
OPEN PLAN OFFICE WORK SPACE
AT-HOME WORK SPACE
30”
COL LA BO
35”
LIVE/WORK
TWIN 39”X75”
COLLABORATE ON-SITE
OT REM ELY
LI
VE
WO
RK
VE
RK
-W
-W
OR
K
OR
K
OT REM ELY
LI
(SHELVES)
VE
-W
OR
1500MM
WORK/LEARN
K
3300MM
TE RA
TE RA
LI
COLLABORATE REMOTELY
COL LA BO
FULL 54”X75”
COLLABORATE REMOTELY
WO
RK
QUEEN 60”X80”
AT-HOME WORK SPACE
COLLABORATE ON-SITE
WO
TE RA
KING 76”X80”
OT REM ELY
1/16” = 1’-0”
COL LA BO
N PLAN OFFICE WORK SPACE
COLLABORATE REMOTELY
BENCH TOP SERVICE SPINE
1/4” = 1’-0”
EQUIPMENT SPACE
PARTITIONS LABORATORY BENCHES EQUIPMENT EXTRACT DEVICES CIRCULATION SPACE
UNIT CAN IN BOTH
3
BASIC LAB MODULE
ON
ATI
CUL
CIR
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SITE STRATEGY
The conceptual structural organization model is translated into volumes, creating clusters of interlocking space. Intersecting areas turn into circulation between blocks, and shared levels are where hybrid programs emerge.
Proposed blocks
Proposed phasing
historic district preserved buildings
Existing road network
Proposed road network
Existing land use
Proposed land use
residential mixed-use commercial
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2020 2030 2040 2050
institutions industrial parking
Water Street towards East
York Street towards West
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STRUCTURE STUDIES
Point Defect
The project began with finding in nature an analogy for a structural system. Crystalline is a solid material whose constituents are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions. A perfect crystal’s unit of aggregation is consistent across the whole structure. This aggregation system almost never performs perfectly- nature creates conditions where crystals grow to contain defects.
Vacancy
Interstitial
Anti-site
Substitutional
Line Defect
(Impurity)
Edge Dislocation
Screw Dislocation
Planar Defect
(Termination of a plane of atoms in the middle of a crystal)
Grain Boundary (When 2 crystals grown separately meet)
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Stacking Fault
Taking the Grid and Frame as inspiration to develop a new organizing principle and structural system, I studied the following four precedents that fall under the matrix of orthogonal and optimized to the loose and irregular, and designed a system of stacked, interlocking shear walls, that when aggregated create a habitable volume. chicago frame
Grid - Organizing Principle
chicago frame
Chicago Frame Louis Sullivan
chicago frame
chicago frame
chicago frame
cloud frame
cloud frame
cloud frame
chicago frame
cloud frame
emergent frame
cloud frame
emergent frame
Frame - Structural System
cloud frame
emergent frame
emergent frame
emergent frame
Cloud Frame Sou Fujimoto
cloud frame
emergent frame
Emergent Frame Toyo Ito cloud frame
emergent frame
emergent frame
Table Frame Frei Otto
Planar Frame
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STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION
The conceptual structural organization model is translated into volumes, creating clusters of interlocking space. Intersecting areas turn into circulation between blocks, and shared levels are where hybrid programs emerge.
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na
Pla
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e= ac sp on ng ulati i t ec irc ers l c Int rtica Ve = ce pa + g s ms tion n i a t ec ogr rcula i ers pr Int brid tal C Hy rizon Ho
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1”:50’
G/F Plan
1”:50’
7/F Plan
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Transition from cubicle to open plan work space
Research Laboratories
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SAMPLE CLUSTER
Within each cluster will be a mix of spaces for living, working, and learning.
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Auditorium
Communal work space
Open labs
Closed labs
Closed work space
Meeting room
Living units
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Urban open spaces- parks, plazas, squares, sidewalks, etc; open-air land or water bodies that are outside of the home or workspace that create opportunities for interaction and contact among people. They are historically essential components of the city as places for leisure, and for the gathering and distribution of information. Public open space is the nexus of the city- it breaks the city’s spatial homogeneity and provides welcomed nodes for planned interactions and chance encounters. It is a place for contemplation and for festivities. It is your living room, back garden, and your stoop by the sidewalk where you play, rest, work, eat, and read- the possibilities are endless. Current models of urban open spaces are two-dimesional. Parks and plazas alike remain in the 84
horizontal realm. Modern dwellings are increasingly verticalizedwhen designs are mostly dictated by spatial and cost efficiency, the lack of space deprives occupants the opportunity to form communities. In the increasingly densified city that is growing relentlessly upwards, how could open spaces adapt to suit a vertical world? How could architecture invoke a sense of nature? This project re-imagines public open spaces in the neighborhood scale and in an elemental scale. I will interpret Jane Jacob’s four tenets of good park design: intricacy- provision of variety; centering- focal points; enclosure- definite shape; sun- exposure to light, to propose a system of how to plan an open space in the vertical neighborhood.
COLUMBIA GSAPP ADVANCE V STUDIO PROFESSOR _ TATIANA BILBAO TEACHING ASSISTANTS _ GABRIELA ÁLVAREZ _ LAURA BUCK
OPEN SPACE IN THE VERTICAL CITY
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Open spaces in the vertical city are permanently carved out and resistant to potential densification over time. These parks act as connectors for adjacent programs, and contain elements that are specific to their adjacencies.
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Central Park First major park to be developed Battery Park 1840
Bryant Park Mandison Square Garden
Establishing By-laws to exclude “undesirable elements from parks” (rogues & vagabonds)
The Adult Education Movement Civic concern for improving intellectual cultivation and continuing education for adults
Council Parks Apart from Royal Parks & garden sqs, council-owned parks were developed Victoria Park The first London park commissioned as such. Provided a major boost to the public park movement
1820
1800
1780
1760
1740
1720
1700
The Park Movement American Revolution Industrial Revolution
Street Play Lack of space meant that working class children played on streets Crown Lands Act Royal Parks open to public
Commercial Amusement Cafes provide meeting spaces to chat, read, play games etc
English Landscape Garden Parks with naturalistic landscape effect
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Effort in City Planning Began to improve health and order of working class neighborhoods
Hyde Park & St. James Park Fashionable centers for promanading by the upper-classs
Battery Park
TIMELINE
Parks or green spaces used to be undeveloped land in the fringes of the city. It was not until the industrial revolution, when cities were densified to an unprecedented level, that parks were created as spaces to nurture the population’s physical and mental health. Since then parks have evolved to incorporate more programs and into a variety of forms. Parks in the vertical neighborhood will be spatial connectors, hubs that bind users of adjacent programs together.
Tavern
Street-side play
Cafe
Recreational facilities and leisure services were built to provide jobs and moral boost for the public
Public Sports Facilities First major park to be developed in the US. “...refreshment of the mind and the nerve”
Freshkills Park High Line Brooklyn Bridge Park
Introducing Non-Park Related Activities Concerts, plays, and other performances were brought to parks
New York’s First Playground
Union Square
Washington Square Park
2020
2000
1980
1960
in the US. “...refreshment of the mind and the nerve”
First National Park Peak District
Great Depression
Novelty Playgrounds
1940
1920
1900
1880
WWI First Adventure Playground Inspired by “junk” playing, utilizing bombed sites in London from the Blitz to establish Adventure Playgrounds
Junk yard Playground Children played with ruins and materials on the street after WWI
Modern Playground With “modern” equipments
Sand Gardens New form of play space dedicated to Children
1860
Recreational Movement
Playground Movement WWII
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DISTRIBUTION
Open spaces are distributed unevenly in Manhattan Island- they occupy more square-footage uptown than they do downtown. Open Spaces can be categorized into plazas (hard surfaced “parks” adjacent to public sidewalks or pavement edges.), non-parks (Cemetery, recreational Area, vacant area), and parks (Sports fields, pools, green spaces). Most of the open spaces downtown are grey, and most of those uptown are green. In the vertical city, open spaces will be evenly distributed, occupying 15% of the city’s total volume. Due to structural limitations, green spaces will be replaced by grey ones as altitude increases. The sense of nature will be invoked by man-made features.
rks
Parks
00 acresParks
n-park 2400 acres
2400 acres
Non-park
Non-park
0 acres
azas 230 acres
Uptown Uptown
130 acres
Uptown
130 acres
Harlem
Plazas
0 acres
Harlem Harlem
Plazas 230 acres
Uptown Uptown
Parks
Midtown Midtown
Midtown
Uptown
Parks
Non-park
Non-park
Non-park Non-park
Plazas
230 acres
Downtown
Uptown
Downtown
130 acres
Harlem
Downtown
Plazas
n
90
Plazas Downtown Downtown
Midtown
Midtown Midtown
2400 acres
Downtown
Parks
Parks
Plazas
15% en
ar
ye
ar
ye
13
6
ar
3
ar
1
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ye
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10
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STREET FURNITURE
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Inspired by William Whyte’s The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces, a series of studies of open spaces were carried out, to document the matrix of programmed/unprogrammed stationary/mobile street furniture.
Chair Chair
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ii
vii
Chair
Spectacle Participatory Participatory Spectacle Participatory
Church
Ma
rke
alls
Restaurant
Tree
Fire Hydrant
Table Chair Chair Table Chair Table Chair Chair Chair Table
t st
Sidewalk
Carousel
Activity Stall
Sta
Sidewalk
irs
Sidew alk Sta irs
Ledge Playground
Chair
Sunken Plaza
Sidewalk
Library
Water Ledge Fountain Ledge
Road
Square
Chair
Sports Facility Sidewalk
Newsstand
Seating
Table Chair Table r Plante Chair
Chair Chair TableTableTable Chair Chair
Sidewalk
Commercial
Tree
Sidewalk
alk
Sidewalk
Plaza
Sidewalk
Table
Table ChairTable ChairChair Table Table Chair Bin Chair
Ben
ch
Sidewalk
Ben
ch
Retail Sidewalk Plan ter Ben ch
Seating
Retail Planter Seating Plaza
Table Ledge TableChair Chair Chair Table Chair Chair
Tree
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Retail
Table Chair Chair Chair Chair
Lawn
Be nc
h
Bench Bench ce rman Perfo
Sidewalk
h
Bench Bench Bench
Chair Chair Chair Chair Chair
Tree ee Tr
Stage
Table Chair Chair Chair Chair Chair Chair Chair Chair Table Chair Chair Chair Sidewalk Table Chair Table Chair
Chair Chair Chair Chair
Table Chair Chair
Be nc
Water Fountain
Chair
Tree
Planter
Seating
Seating
Seating
Seating
Hotel
ew
Seating
Sid
Planter PlanterSidew alk Seating Seating Planter Planter Seating Seating Plaza
Planter
Sidewalk
Seating
er
nt
Pla
alk
Chair
Hotel
Stairs
ew
Chair Lawn
Tree
Sid
Program
Square
Theater
Tree
Tree
Tree Tree
Sidewalk
Road Blocker
alk
Planter
ew
Retail Umbrella Umbrella Chair Table Chair Chair Table Chair Chair Chair Chair
Seating
Seating
Road Blocker
Museum Stairs Stairs Stairs
Bench Planter Bench Planter Bench
Tree
Monument Food Cart Sid
Chair Chair
Square
Road Blocker
Tree
Sidewalk TableChair Side ChairChair walk Chair TableChair ChairChair TableChairChair Chair ChairChair
Road Blocker
Chair Chair
Stairs
alk ew
Water Ledge Ledge Ledge Fountain Ledge
Stairs Sidewalk
Sid
Chair
Retail
Sidewalk
Tree
Library Retail Rack
Table
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ii
iii
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t ec it s ch ar ser ed ed u m m mm ra og ogra pr Un Unpr
P Pr rog og ra ra mm mm ed ed s us pac er e -> s
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U U np fr npr rog ee og ra ag ram mme gr me d eg d s at fu pac io rn e n it + ur e
Mobile Programmed Space Paid - Food Cart - Market Stall - (Performance) Free - Activity Stall - Stage
n
io at eg gr ers ag e e us e fr re -> -> f ce
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v
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ed
mm
ra
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Static Unprogrammed Structures Occupiable - Fire Hydrant - Stairs - Seating - Bench - Ledge Unoccupiable - Tree - Planter Mobile Unprogrammed Furniture Chair Table
Static programmed space Commercial - Restaurant - Retail - Hotel -Sunken Plaza Institutional - Church - Museum - Theater - Library Recreational - Playground - Sports Facility Diplay - Monument - Water Fountain
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CIRCULATION FOLLY
Permeability on ground level to allow public access to various amenities provided as part of the residential development
LANDSCAPE FOLLY
Permeability on ground level to allow public access to various amenities provided as part of the residential development
PLAYSCAPE FOLLY
Permeability on ground level to allow public access to various amenities provided as part of the residential development
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Composite
Follies (Centering)
Landscaping (Intricacy)
Volume + Adjacency
HORIZONTAL TYPOLOGY
100 VERTICAL TYPOLOGY
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snapshooter Folding Playground >
80 Likes snapshooter Daisies are growing out of concrete!
@10:00 + 936’ - Market,housing, police station
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werkaholic Slide Stair >
10 Likes werkaholic Almost late to the meeting... Thank god for the slide stair!
@11:00 + 755’ - Transport station, street, office
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pastelshades Column Forest >
21 Likes pastelshades Almost late to the meeting... Thank god for the slide stair!
@13:00 + 1330’ - Market
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dailycommute Shading Greens >
50 Likes dailycommute Too early for my train...
@14:00 + 750’ - Train station
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ladydays Hammock steps >
103 Likes lazydays Sneaky break from work..
@16:00 + 310’ - Transit station, street, office
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mommymoments Step Pools >
65Likes mommymoments Baby Gabe had so much fun at the pool today!
@17:00 + 680’ - Housing
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fundad Corner Park >
10 Likes fundad Brought the kids to the playground before hitting the museum this morning!
@09:00 + 1050’ - Museum, housing
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The studio was to design Copula Hall, an architectural protagonist in the novel The City in the City by China Mieville. Copula Hall, the only building that exists in both Beszel and Ul Qoma, where the acknowledgment of the people from the other city is for once not considered a criminal offence. Copula Hall is the only place where Ul Qomans and Besz can co-exist. It is a government building; a bureaucratic conglomerate; a border crossing facility, administrative offices, the Parliament of Ul Qoma, the City Council of Beszel, and the office of Oversight Committee. “It is one of very few places that has the same name in both cities- Copula Hall. That is because it is not a crosshatched building, precisely, nor one of staccato totality-alterity, one floor or room
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in Beszel and the next in Ul Qoma: externally it is in both cities; internally, much of it is in both or neither. All of us‌ were meeting at a juncture, an interstice, one sort of border build above another.� Taking the quote as a point of departure, I interpret Copula Hall as a non-binary space where boundary does not necessary divide, but blurs and blends, teasing for interaction. Two sets of floor plates, one set Beszel and one Ul Qoman, rotate planametrically and shift sectionally, creating volumes that partially interlock; a third entity that unites the divided cities.
COLUMBIA GSAPP ADVANCE VI STUDIO PROFESSOR _ STEPHEN CASSELL + ANNIE BARRETT
COPULA HALLTHE CITY & THE CITY
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CROSSHATCH + BOUNDARIES
Mapping protagonist, Tyador Borlu’s journey (x-y axis) through time (z axis). The result is a drawing to be read two ways- in plan and in axonometric. Through the overlap of total areas of Beszel and Ul Qoma, areas of crosshatch is found. Crosshatch is the boundary, the edge of the two cities. 307
Chapter 29
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281
260
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Chapter 28
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Chapter 27
269
Chapter 26
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265 257
Chapter 25
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251
Chapter 24
241
Chapter 23 Breach 236
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228.2
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Chapter 22
229 228.1
Chapter 21
219 214 212
Chapter 20
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199.3 189
199.2 194 192
199.1
Chapter 19
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Chapter 17
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Chapter 16
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156
153 146
149
Chapter 18
Chapter 15
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160
Chapter 14
145
144
Chapter 13
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126
Chapter 12 Ul Qoma
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Chapter 11
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105
94
85
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Chapter 9
Chapter 8
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53
Chapter 7
Chapter 6
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31 29 26
Chapter 10
Chapter 5
32 28
21 14 17
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 3
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 1 Beszel
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Places of interest Ul Qoma Beszel
Areas Ul Qoma
Beszel Sequence Foot Vehicle (car/cab/bus) Rail (metro/subway) Crosshatch intersection
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228.2
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269 236 201
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219 290 278
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251 222
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192 194 254
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199.1
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189 199.3 114
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145 180
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105 144 149 153
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78 24
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TOTAL+TOTAL = CROSSHATCH
like a venn diagram, when two total spaces overlap, it makes a crosshatch. This is achieved by taking 2 separate floor plates that correspond to two cities, and rotating them as they go up vertically. The void in the center creates a physical separation but also heightens the visual interaction between the two cities. Seeing the other is forbidden in the rest of the 2 cities, but not inside Copula Hall. The building also interacts externally with the city through the expression of the façade- Ul Qoman spaces are skinned by slanted mullions, and Besz by straight ones.
TWO TOTAL BUILDINGS
OVERLAP TO CREATE CROSSHATCH
VOID IN THE CENTER INTERNAL VISUAL INTERACTIONS
20’
SKIN EXPANDSINTERSECTIONS = CROSSHATCH
14’ UL QOMA
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VARIED FACADEEXTERNAL EXPRESSION TO CITY
BESZEL
CROSSHATCH
Looking across atrium
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CIRCULATION STRATEGY
This skin continuously wraps the volumes and weave the two buildings together. It also informs circulation. Stairs follow the façade. There’s primary circulation that connects the floors of the city, and secondary circulation that connects one city to the crosshatched spaces.
Primary Circulation Secondary Circulation
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Beszel circulation
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GROUND
FIRST
SECOND
THIRD
ROOF
FLOOR PLATES
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+
SKIN
COMBINED + CIRCULATION
Looking up the atrium from Gateway
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-4.0’ Beszel Gateway Support +0.0’ BESZEL ENTRANCE
FORECOURT / INFORMAL MARKET
BANK OF BESZEL
UL MAIDIN AVENUE / WEIPAY STREET
-4.0’ -4.0’
UL MAIDIN AVENUE / WEIPAY STREET
TEMPLE OF INEVITABLE LIGHT
FORECOURT
-4.0’
+0.0’ UL QOMA ENTRANCE
Ul Qoma Gateway Support
BASEMENT - GATEWAY SUPPORT N
GROUND FLOOR - ENTRANCE
WC
+42.2’ UL QOMA PARLIAMENT +63.08’
CROSSHATCH OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE +51.08’ WC
BESZEL OFFICE +42.2’
OFFICES BESZEL CITY COUNCIL +51.08’
CROSSHTACH DINING AREA
WC BACK OF HOUSE
SECOND FLOOR - TOTAL OFFICE + CROSSHATCH COMMUNAL SPACE
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THIRD/ FOURTH FLOOR - TOTAL CITY COUNCIL + PARLIAMENT + OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE
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Beszel City Council
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Roof top crosshatch dining area, overlooking Ul Qoman Parliament and office
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UL QOMA OFFICE + CROSSHATCH DINING
UL QOMA OFFICE
BESZEL OFFICE + CROSSHATCH DINING
BESZEL OFFICE
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OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE
UL QOMA OFFICE
UL QOMA OFFICE
UL QOMA ENTRANCE
UL QOMA GATEWAY SUPPORT
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Boundary changes in London will generate a new ward for the Camden and Regent’s Park area. A voting station, taking its site on the vantage point on Primrose Hill, is proposed. It will help provide the new political infrastructure necessary whilst accommodating ageold concerns of viewing the city as a democratic act. The device is body-centric, focusing on how views of the city can be quantified in order to extrapolate political understanding from the image. Voting is not a pleasant experience as polling stations are located in venues (such as schools and town halls) that are not designed for the purpose. Analysing official guidelines, we extracted information about essential equipment, spacial arrangements and key moments in a voting day, to create a device that 136
contains the voting experience in which the voter can physically engage in the activity. The voting booth contains a voting device which visualises manifestoes in the form of the London skyline. The booth itself is designed so that the privacy requirement is met with the least material. This is to keep the voting experience as open as possible. Voters can vote in private while remain engaged with the event, which is also redesigned into a celebratory festival. Voting becomes an enjoyable activity .
THE BARTLETT STUDIO CRITICS_ MURRAY FRASER + PIERRE D’AVOINE
PRIMROSE HILL VOTING STATION
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THE WHEELS
The wheels are turned by a series of cogs. They are made with clear perspex, each with 5 frames- 1 is clear to allow true view of the skyline, the other 4 each represent a political party.
THE DESK
The desk is where the voter places his/her ballot paper to cast a vote. A message “Vote for one candidate only. Put no other mark on the ballot paper or your vote may not be counted”. The magnifying glass on the left is there to make sure voters “read clearly and thus vote wisely”. The head and chin rest keeps the voter’s head on a correct position for the device to function.
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Regent’s Park Pony Club is a community riding school and a voluntary equestrian patrol centre located at Cumberland Market in London, UK. When John Nash designed Regent’s Park in the 1800s, he planned for the grander houses to sit adjacent to the park on the west side of Albany Road and for the service area to sit on the east. 300 years later today, segregation between the two sides is still apparent. Grand houses have remained while the service area was replaced by institutional buildings and social housing. Albany Road is an invisible social barrier that only services traffic along the path but does not encourage activities across its two sides. I propose to break the barrier by re-introducing horse riding, a historically inseparable element to the community, as an agent to facilitate interactions that will permeate the boundary. 142
Regent’s Park Pony Club will be where residents learn to ride and groom as well as build relationships with horses and among themselves. The building has three storeys: ground and first floors are mainly stables for ponies and patrolling horses respectively, while second floor houses a horse clinic and horse carers’ living quarters. Ponies are placed on ground floor to encourage physical interaction between them and users; horses are placed on first floor to increase visual interaction between them and residents of surrounding council estates. Across the road in Regent’s Park is a larger paddock where horses and ponies can gallop freely. Four patrol routes are mapped out across the ward. Volunteers and horses both patrol and act as ambassadors that promote horse riding and create a distinct identity for the ward of Regent’s Park.
THE BARTLETT STUDIO CRITICS_ MURRAY FRASER + PIERRE D’AVOINE
REGENT’S PARK PONY CLUB
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Addressing the social divide that exists around Cumberland Market since the late 19c, the proposal extends to promoting interaction not only between residents living in the east and west of the market but also among those living in the ward of Regent’s Park. The above precedents provide examples that show how horse riding can bring positive change to the society. 4 riding routes are mapped, of which 2 are patrolling routes that the equestrian police will patrol along, and 2 that connect Cumberland Market with Regent’s Park. The routes are optimised to ensure they run through as much of the ward as possible. Patrol routes are mapped according to crime statistics from the London Metropolitan Police.
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18
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8 213
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3 58 4 17
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61 9 16
16 46
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21 64
24 70 24 110
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(i) Ground Floor Pony Stables / Interactive Area Designed specifically for people, especially children, to encourage interaction with ponies and among themselves. Next to this petting area is a small grass paddock where users can bond and familiarise themselves with ponies (ii) Ground Floor Changing room exit / training paddock Through G/F main entrance users have the option to use the changing rooms on basement level. From the changing rooms they directly to the training paddock where they will learn to ride ponies (iii) First Floor Horse ramps / stable / grooming area First floor is designed only for horses and the Patrol Centre. Horses and riders enter and exist via horse ramps into the stable or out to Regent’s Park / patrol routes.
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View from neighboring flat towards grass paddock
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ANAEROBIC DIGESTER
This system recycles horse manure and other materials, such as horse bedding, that would otherwise be treated as waste. Muck is collected every day. Together with grey water from washing and cleaning, the biowaste is disposed through the Y-shaped sewage pipe. The two branches that connect to first floor horse stables and ground floor pony stables converge to a larger pipe. [a] horizontal, continuous, high-solids anaerobic digester [b] corridor for inspecting the digester [c] digestate storage for further composting of remaining materials [d] riding school changing rooms [e] stairs to ground floor
0m
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b
4.5m -4m 0m -0.3m
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c towards digester
-5.5m
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HORSE STALL
Apart from catering for human interaction with ponies, the stalls are also designed to stop horses from developing stable vices. They usually develop as a result of being confined, particularly with insufficient exercise (i.e. in a stable). Vices can develop out of boredom or hunger, excess energy, isolation. They present a management issue, not only leading to facility damage from chewing, kicking, and repetitive motion, but also lead to health consequences for the animal if not addressed.
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