The Classical Teacher - Spring 2024

Spring 2024

10 Classical Music Pieces Everyone Should Know

Poems Everyone Should Know

by Joseph Pearce

Twelve Great Christian Novels by Martin

Top 10 Reasons for Studying Latin by Cheryl

Saving Western civilization one student at a time.

Cothran

Lowe

by Dr. Carol Reynolds

Lists: A Requiem

by Martin Cothran

Occasionally—okay, frequently—my wife asks me if I have done something that needs to be done. When I look at her blankly and say, "No. Was I supposed to do that?," she says "You didn't see the list I put on your desk?" as she scans the various disorganized stacks of paper. Then she makes me another list.

My editor here at Memoria Press, Dayna, gives me lists too. They are mostly about when I'm supposed to deliver articles like this one to her. She gives the lists to me and I file them in my filing cabinet under "Lists." But since I rarely ever open my file drawer, except to put things into it, I forget about it.

After a certain number of days have elapsed, she comes into my office and asks me if I have completed her list. I look at her with a blank expression, and say, "Let me check it and I'll get back to you." She gives me a doubtful look and leaves. Several minutes later she comes back with a new list that is the same as the original list, except with more things on it.

I file it. Under "Lists."

Just several minutes ago she poked her head into my office and asked me about this article and whether I had written it. It was on her list and it was late. [Editor's note: The missed deadline was a distant memory by this point.] I said, "Yes, of course, I'm working on it right now," a confident smile on my face. She raised an eyebrow. Still looking at her, I commenced typing.

Despite my difficulty operating a list, I actually like them. I write out lists all the time. One of the things I try to do at the beginning of convention season, when I am trying to think up talk titles that classical educators might be interested in, is make sure to have at least one talk that involves a list. Among my most popular talks are those with titles like "Five Classical Books," "Twelve Great Christian Novels," and "Ten Books They Don't Want Your Boy to Read." This year, I have a talk titled "Ten More Books for Boys." I have a whole list of talks that are made up of lists. If people think you are going to give them a good list, they will come in multitudes.

But I myself am apparently not terribly proficient at employing lists to their fullest effect. I post them in various places around my house and office, confident that they will help me get things done. Usually they end up getting misplaced or forgotten. Let me offer some guidance on how to use a list.

How to Use a List:

1. Write various things down on a list.

2. Put the list in a place you will remember.

3. Resolve to consult the list frequently.

4. Try to remember where you put the list.

5. Look around for the lost list.

6. Resolve that, next time you make a list, you will keep better track of it.

7. Finally discover the list.

8. Realize that so much time has elapsed since you originally wrote the list that all the "to do's" on the list are now completely obsolete.

File this in a place you won't forget, along with the other lists you have forgotten about. The issue of The Classical Teacher you now have in hand is made up largely of lists. But if you lose them and cannot find them for a long period of time, it won't matter.

Unlike lists, classical education is never obsolete.

56 ree Fairy Tales on Goodness & Beauty by Dr. Vigen

68 10 Classical Music Pieces Everyone Should Know by Dr. Carol Reynolds

76 21 Tips for Teaching Students with Learning Challenges by Cheryl Swope 80 Poems Everyone Should Know by Joseph Pearce

Vade Mecum: "Go with me." by Leigh Lowe

Greek Myths & Famous Men Series 30 Dorothy Mills' Histories & Classical Studies Supplements

Classical Literature

61 Geography

62 American Studies, Medieval History, & Modern European History

72 Arithmetic & Math

91 Science & Nature

87 Traditional Logic, Material Logic, & Aristotle's Rhetoric

& MUSIC

66 Professor Carol: Discovering Music, Exploring America's Musical Heritage, & Early Sacred Music

67 A Classical History of Art, Art Posters & Cards, Creating Art, Reading Music, & Music Appreciation

70 Primary Enrichment

RESOURCES

27 Resource Books, Memoria College Press, Pamphlet Series

Memoria Academy

Prima

Latina: An Introduction to Christian Latin

by Leigh Lowe | Grades

1-4

Prima Latina is a gentle introduction to Latin speci cally designed for students and teachers with no Latin background. It teaches the basic parts of speech while introducing Latin, grounding students in the fundamental concepts of English grammar. Each lesson includes ve Latin vocabulary words and English derivatives, a Latin saying, a Latin prayer, and grammar exercises. If you are looking for additional support in teaching your student, the author, Leigh Lowe, has recorded detailed Instructional Videos for every lesson that are sure to delight your young students! Prima Latina transitions seamlessly into Latina Christiana

$108.54 complete set (student, teacher, CD, videos, flashcards)

$41.12 basic set (student, teacher, CD)

Student $17.90 | Teacher $17.90 | Audio $10.00

Videos $55.00 | Flashcards $17.30

Latina Christiana: An Introduction to First Form Latin

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades

3-6

Begin your Latin study here or continue on from Prima Latina . Each lesson consists of a grammar form, ten vocabulary words, English derivatives to help build vocabulary, and a Latin saying that teaches students about their Christian and classical heritage.

e Teacher Manual includes a complete copy of the student book with overlaid answers, and provides detailed weekly lesson plans, comprehensive teaching instructions, tests, and weekly quizzes and keys.

$106.60 complete set (student, teacher, CD, videos, flashcards)

$48.30 basic set (student, teacher, CD)

Student $19.00 | Teacher $22.65 | Audio $10.00

Videos $55.00 | Flashcards $17.30

Latina Christiana Games & Puzzles

Grades 3-6

Games & Puzzles

$14.05 | Games & Puzzles Answer Key $6.20

In this activity book we've stu ed enrichment activities of every kind to help your students practice the vocabulary, grammar, and derivatives in Latina Christiana . Students will nd hours of enjoyment playing Latin hangman, solving Latin crossword puzzles, and competing against each other in Latin picture games, while you can secretly delight in the fact that such "fun" work is actually worthwhile!

Introduction to English Grammar

Grades 1-4

Student Workbook $11.85 | Teacher Key $9.25

Help students make connections between the Latin grammar they are learning in Prima Latina and English grammar with these single-page worksheets. We highly recommend this companion book, which can also be used as a standalone review of English grammar to solidify concepts already learned if your student is not doing Prima

Latina Christiana Review Worksheets

Grades 3-6

Review Worksheets $11.85

Review Worksheets Key $6.20

We highly recommend Latina Christiana Review Worksheets as a companion to Latina Christiana. Two pages of cumulative review for every lesson of Latina Christiana will ensure your students get weekly reinforcement of old and new concepts.

Latina Christiana Grammar Charts

Wall Charts (left) (33" x 17") (4 charts total) $22.70

Desk Charts (right) (8.5" x 11") (4 charts total) $15.10

All of the grammar forms from Latina Christiana are organized here in a clean, easy-to-read format that is a perfect visual aid for a classroom wall or student desk.

Latin Latin Forms Series A grammar-based approach to learning Latin.

e Latin Forms Series is based on decades of teaching experience and use in private schools and homeschools around the world. First Form is the ideal text for all beginners, grades 5 and up, or is a great follow-up to Latina Christiana. e uniqueness of the Forms Series lies in two features:

1) A systematic, grammar- rst approach to learning Latin that is suitable for the grammar stage student—and all beginners, regardless of age, are in the grammar stage of learning.

2) Extensive workbook exercises that ensure skill mastery and rapid recognition of in ected forms.

Our text and guides help every student (and teacher!) make sense of this di cult subject. A complete set includes:

• 34 two-page lessons in the Student Text are paired with 4-6 pages of Student Workbook exercises, weekly Quizzes, and unit Tests to make sure your students are mastering and retaining what they learn.

• e Pronunciation Audio and Flashcards provide constant practice of grammar forms and vocabulary.

• e scripted Teacher Manual and complete Teacher Key give even the most novice Latin teacher the tools to teach with con dence.

• Instructional Videos in DVD or streaming format are also available, to bring the experience and expertise of a Highlands Latin School master teacher into your home.

First Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year One by Cheryl Lowe Grades 5+ (Grades 4+ if completed Latina Christiana)

Latin Forms Series

(First Form shown)

$138.69 complete set ea. (all 5 books, CD, videos, flashcards) $77.11 basic setea. (all 5 books + audio)

Text $16.25 ea. | Workbook $17.90 ea.

Teacher Manual $14.05 ea. | Teacher Key $17.90 ea.

Quizzes & Tests $6.20 ea. | Audio $10.00 ea. | Flashcards $17.30 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 ea.

Second Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year Two by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 6+

ird Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year ree by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 7+

First through ird Form

Latin Review

Summer Review Courses by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 5+

Student $15.10 ea.

Key $11.85 ea.

Fourth Form Latin: Latin Grammar, Year Four by Cheryl Lowe & Michael Simpson Grades 8+

Students are prone to forget what they have learned from year to year—an especially detrimental loss for the Latin student. To prevent this, Memoria Press has developed these summer courses that feature vocabulary review, form drills, and other exercises, all designed to foster mastery and retention.

Prima Latina Copybook

New American Cursive font

Grades 1-4

$16.80

is Latin copybook in the New American Cursive font, featuring vocabulary practice and a page to copy each prayer in Prima Latina, is a great way to help your children practice their Latin while developing penmanship skills.

Latin Cursive Copybook

Hymns & Prayers

Grades 4-6

$16.80

Practice your cursive with Latin sayings and hymns and prayers from Latina Christiana, First Form Latin, and Lingua Angelica

Latin Grammar Recitation Program

Grades 4+ | $29.15 set (flashcards and handbook)

Flashcards for every grammar form taught and recited in our Latin Forms Series and a handbook with a lesson-by-lesson schedule for coordinating with the recitations in First Form through Fourth Form

Latin Recitation CD/DVD

Grades 3+

Audio & Video (includes streaming)

$17.35

e entire Latin grammar, presented by Cheryl Lowe. CD is audio only; DVD includes visual grammar charts.

Introduction $11.85

Beginning Latin Exam (formerly Level I) $17.90

Intermediate Latin Exam (formerly Level II) $22.65

Intermediate Reading Comprehension Exam (formerly Level III) $22.65

ese guides include the vocabulary, grammar, syntax, Roman history, culture, mythology, and geography commonly found on the National Latin Exam. When paired with previous exams, these guides are perfect preparation for the NLE.

Memoria Press Guides to the National Latin Exam by Cheryl Lowe, Susan Strickland, and Jon Christianson Grades 5+

Latin Forms Series Grammar Charts

Roots of English

Latin & Greek Roots for Beginners by Paul O'Brien

Grades 6-8

$23.75

An introduction to English vocabulary through a study of Latin and Greek roots.

e Book of Roots

Advanced Vocabulary Building from Latin Roots by Paul O'Brien

Grades 8+

Student $27.00

Key $6.20

Your student will learn the de nition and etymology of over 1,500 English derivatives, along with pre xes, su xes, and supplemental Latin vocabulary lists.

Lingua Biblica:

Wall Charts (33" x 17")

First Form (4 charts)

$22.70

Second Form (3 charts) $22.70

Lingua Angelica I & II

Latin Songs & Prayers (Translation Course) by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 4-12

$46.80 setea. (student & teacher, song book, & audio)

Student $14.05 ea. | Teacher $20.05 ea. Song Book* $11.85 | Audio* $12.55

*Used for both LA I and II

Desk Charts (8.5" x 11")

First & Second Form (6 charts) $15.10 ird & Fourth Form (20 charts) $19.00

Vocabulary work, interlinear translation exercises, and grammar word study exercises for 28 hymns sung by a six-voice Gregorian chant choir.

Old Testament Stories in Latin by Martin Cothran Grades 9+

Student $22.65

Teacher $22.65

Translation exercises from the Latin Vulgate. Each lesson includes exercises at three levels of di culty.

Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage

by Cheryl Lowe

All Ages | $17.90

A compendium of Latin grammar forms and a basic introduction to Latin syntax. Includes all conjugations and declensions, making it an easily accessible reference.

Originally published in 1945, the Henle Latin Series teaches Latin the traditional way. Our Teacher Manuals split the work of Henle Latin First Year over two years, scheduling what to do every step of the way. e Manuals include scripted lessons for the teacher, additional explanations and practice for the student, and a full answer key. e Quizzes & Tests help you measure your mastery along the way.

Note: Though Henle is considered a Catholic text, its superiority as a teaching resource and the outstanding benefits of its Christian perspective also make it appropriate for Protestants.

Henle Latin Second Year

Advanced Christian Latin by Robert

Henle

Grades 9+

$74.23 set (text, key, student, quizzes & tests, flashcards)

Text $21.99 | Key $7.99

Student Guide $19.00

Quizzes & Tests $11.85

Flashcards $17.30

After the completion of Henle Latin First Year or Memoria Press’ Latin Forms Series, the next step for Latin students is Henle Latin Second Year , which rounds out the Latin grammar and introduces students to the text of Caesar’s De Bello Gallico Memoria Press offers a Student Guide with comprehensive guidance for each lesson as well as Quizzes & Tests to assess progress and mastery. These resources contain everything needed to succeed in the course and conquer the first step into the world of authentic Latin texts.

Henle Latin Fourth Year

Advanced Christian Latin by Robert Henle

Grades 11+

$28.48 set (text, key)

Text $21.99 | Key $7.99

Henle Latin Fourth Year leads students through Cicero's Defense of Archias and the rst six books of the culmination of Latin poetry, Virgil's Aeneid.

Mueller's text and accompanying Teacher's Guide will lead students through Caesar's account of his wars in Gaul. A perfect text for Latin students who are ready to translate, this program includes vocabulary, footnotes, historical background, and other resources, preparing interested students for the Caesar portion of the AP Latin Exam. Memoria Press' Lesson Plans schedule the work and teach, step by step, how to approach Latin translation.

Henle Latin First Year

Advanced Christian Latin by Robert Henle | Grades 8+

$59.78 Text Set (Henle I text, key, grammar, and flashcards)

$81.55 Units I-V Guides and Instructional Videos Set

(I-V teacher manual, quizzes & tests, instructional videos)

$81.55 Units VI-XIV Guides and Instructional Videos Set

(VI-XIV teacher manual, quizzes & tests, instructional videos)

Henle I Text $21.99 | Henle I Key $7.99 | Henle Grammar $16.99

Henle Latin I Vocabulary Flashcards $19.45

Henle Latin First Year Teacher Manual: Units I-V or VI-XIV $23.75 ea.

Henle Latin First Year Quizzes & Tests: Units I-V or VI-XIV $11.85 ea.

Henle Latin First Year Streaming Instructional Videos: Units I-V or VI-XIV $55.00 ea.

Henle Latin ird Year

Advanced Christian Latin by Robert Henle Grades 10+

$96.79 set (text, key, student, teacher, quizzes & tests, flashcards)

Text $21.99 | Key $7.99

Student Guide $19.00

Teacher Manual $23.75

Quizzes & Tests $11.85

Flashcards $17.30

Henle Latin ird Year teaches students to reach beyond grammar and grasp the rudiments of rhetoric with the help of Cicero, perhaps Rome's most illustrious orator. Memoria Press' Student Guide, Teacher Manual, and Quizzes & Tests are sources of invaluable support in learning and mastering rhetorical Latin, even without the guidance of an experienced teacher. ese texts organize the course into a sensible schedule, o er a wealth of insight to assist students in their exercises, and provide levelappropriate assessments to determine mastery of Latin.

Henle Latin Vocabulary Flashcards

Grades 8+

Henle Latin First Year

Flashcards

$19.45

Henle Latin Second Year

Flashcards

$17.30

Henle Latin ird Year

Flashcards

$17.30

Mueller's Caesar: Selections from De Bello Gallico by Hans-Friedrich Mueller

Grades 10+

$81.99 set (text, teacher, lesson plans)

Text $45.00 | Teacher $24.00

Lesson Plans $17.30

AP Latin

Vergil's Aeneid: Selected Readings from Books 1, 2, 4, and 6

by Barbara Weiden Boyd

Student $45.00

Teacher $24.00

is course covers all lines of Vergil on the AP Latin Exam. Each page contains the Latin text, key vocabulary, and English summaries.

Excelability in Advanced Latin

by Marianthe Colakis

Student $30.00

Teacher $30.00

is course contains over 75 passages drawn from a variety of Latin authors, translation exercises, multiple choice tests, practice sight-reading Latin, and a comprehensive review of Latin grammar.

Caesar and Vergil AP Vocabulary Cards

$19.00

All vocabulary appearing ve or more times on the Vergil and Caesar sections of the AP Latin Exam.

Top 10 Reasons for Studying Latin

by Cheryl Lowe

1. Latin is the next step after phonics. We all understand the importance of phonics—the systematic study of the English letters and their sounds—but phonics only covers part of our language: the concrete words that students learn to speak and read first. English is a hybrid language, a marriage of concrete, Germanic-influenced English and Latin. Beginning in third grade students start to encounter words that are rooted in Latin. Latin words are bigger and harder and have more syllables, more abstract meanings, and different pronunciation and spelling patterns. The only truly systematic and orderly way to continue the study of the English language after phonics is to teach Latin.

2. Half of our English vocabulary is made up of Latin words and roots.

English words that derive from Latin can help develop students' vocabulary. For example, when students learn the Latin word pater, which means "father," they are prepared for more difficult English words like "patriarch" (the male leader of a family) and "patrimony" (an estate inherited from one's father) because they can apply the Latin root. Studying Latin builds vocabulary and reading skills as students encounter new English words that have their roots in Latin.

3. Latin provides many of the root words for the modern sciences.

We live in an age dominated by science, so parents often ask, "Why study something useless and impractical like Latin? What we need is more science and math education." We think science is important too—so important that we strongly recommend Latin to these folks. Biology, chemistry, astronomy, psychology, sociology, economics—Latin provides many of the root words for the specialized vocabularies of the modern sciences. The first task in learning a new subject is to learn the vocabulary—this is half the battle.

4. Latin is the language of law, government, logic, and theology.

The Romans excelled in the practical arts of law and government, and it is from them that we derive our legal and political language. All legal terms are Latin. And although logic was first explained by Aristotle in Greek, it was

really developed and systematized by the schoolmen in the Middle Ages—in Latin, of course. In the West even Christian theology was worked out in Latin. Many of the original words were Greek, but they were all filtered through Latin. Many well known theological concepts are in Latin: We are created imago dei, in the "image of God," and our world is created ex nihilo, "from nothing."

5. Latin is the most e cient way to learn English grammar.

The first reason for this is that it is difficult for students to analyze their native language, something they use instinctively and have learned by imitation. But a foreign language is foreign; the student has to break it down to learn the grammar. And for this purpose there is no grammar like the Latin grammar. Latin is the most orderly, logical, disciplined, structured, systematic, consistent grammar in existence. Every lesson in Latin is a lesson in logic. Latin is a grammar system that is unparalleled among all the languages. It has no equal.

The second reason is that English grammar is unsystematic, unstructured, unreliable, and inconsistent. It is abstract and invisible because of its lack of structure and inflection. Inflected languages like Latin have noun endings that tell you what the noun is doing in the sentence and verb endings that tell you who is doing the action of the verb and when. It is visible and concrete. Latin grammar teaches English better than English grammar teaches English.

6. Latin is the best preparation for learning any language.

Latin is the best preparation for learning a Romance language—or any language. Once you really understand how language works, the task of learning a new language will be more than cut in half. Why settle for just one language? Learn a dozen—but learn Latin first.

7. Latin effectively develops and trains the mind.

I consider this to be the most important reason of all: mental training. Latin is the most effective tool we have to develop and train the minds of the young. Not only does it cut in half the task of learning another language, it makes learning any subject easier. The student who has learned how to learn with Latin will be a better student in all of his other subjects. Latin teaches students how to think systematically and approach any new subject with greatly enhanced learning skills.

You see, subjects are formative. Literature teaches insight, perception, and compassion for the human condition. History develops judgment, discernment, acumen, and wisdom. Latin requires and teaches

attention to detail, accuracy, patience, discipline, precision, and thorough, honest work. Latin will form the minds of your students.

8. Latin connects every subject.

Latin is a unit study where the work is done for you, where everything integrates naturally and the connections are there for you to discover. There is no subject you can study that connects with every other subject more than Latin. Science, math, logic, theology, law, literature, history—for a thousand years Latin was the language of Western civilization, and everything from the ancient world has come down to us filtered through it. When you learn Latin you are learning the history of just about everything.

Learning is making connections. The more you know, the easier it is to acquire new knowledge because it will stick to something you already know. Latin gives you more stickies than any other subject. It is like academic velcro. It connects with everything.

9. Latin is transformative.

Latin will change your curriculum and homeschool from good to great. Latin provides the missing element in modern education—the glue, the integrating factor. Latin does for the language side of the curriculum what math does for science. It provides the mental discipline and structure that the humanities side of the curriculum desperately needs. We talk a lot about higher order thinking, but there is only one way to reach a high order of thinking, and that is to dive deep into a subject. We need that kind of experience on the language side of the curriculum. Latin is the answer.

10. Latin is the language of Western civilization.

If we plan to save Western civilization, we must study it. Latin is the mother tongue of Western civilization. The original thinkers in the ancient world were the Greeks and the Hebrews, but the Romans summarized, synthesized, codified, and handed Western civilization down to us—in Latin—and reading these authors in their original language is the culmination of a classical education. Latin is the most influential language in human history. Learn Latin! You will be doing your part to save Western civilization and transform your education from good to great. As G. K. Chesterton pointed out, Latin is not dead; it's immortal.

Cheryl Lowe was the founder of Memoria Press and the author of the Latin Forms Series, First Start Reading, and many other books. She also founded Highlands Latin School in Louisville, Kentucky, where all Memoria Press materials are developed and tested. The full version of this article can be found at MemoriaPress.com.

StoryTime Treasures

More StoryTime Treasures

Grade 1

StoryTime & More StoryTime Treasures

StoryTime Treasures

$50.15 set (guides & novels)

Student Guide $17.90

Teacher Guide $20.05

Little Bear $4.95

Caps for Sale $8.99

Frog and Toad Are Friends $4.99

Make Way for Ducklings $9.99

More StoryTime Treasures

$73.40 set (guides & novels)

Student Guide $17.90

Teacher Guide $20.05

Billy and Blaze $9.99

Blaze and the Forest Fire $9.99

e Story About Ping $5.99

Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie $8.99

Stone Soup $7.99

e Little House $7.99

Miss Rumphius $8.99

Grade 3

$75.36 guide

(student & teacher guides) $105.03 guides + novelsset

and teacher guides & novels)

Grade 2

$119.40 guide set (student & teacher guides)

$184.04 guides + novelsset (guides & novels)

Student Guide $13.95 ea.

Teacher Guide $8.15 ea.

Amelia Bedelia $5.99

Prairie School $5.99

e Courage of Sarah Noble $5.99

Little House in the Big Woods $9.99

Sea Story $9.99 | High Hills $9.99

Beatrix Potter novels $8.99 ea.

Recommended Supplement: Literature Dictionary $6.20

e Mo ats

Student Guide $13.95

Teacher Guide $13.95

e Mo ats $9.99

Grade 4

$100.48 guide set (student & teacher guides)

Grade 5

$75.36 guide set

& teacher guides) $103.53 guides + novelsset

and teacher guides & novels)

Grade 6

$100.48 guide set

Grade 7

$100.48

Grade 8

$75.36 guide set

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Grade 12

$100.48 guide set

Mix and match any 10 or more individual Memoria Press literature guides and receive 20% o your literature guide purchase! Use coupon code LITGUIDE at checkout!

Alternate Literature Options

Animal Folk Tales of America Grade 2

Mr. Popper's Penguins Grades 3-4

Student

Robinson Crusoe Grades 9+

e Magician's Nephew Grades 5-7

e Adventures of Tom Sawyer Grades 7-8

Twelve Great Christian Novels

by Martin Cothran

Tosay that a book is a great Christian novel obviously and necessarily implies two things: first, that it is great and, second, that it is Christian. A Christian book in the sense I am using the term is one that articulates distinctly Christian principles or ideas, whether it intends to or not. Many of the books here are widely considered to be great, but there seems to be little consciousness that they are also explicitly Christian. Although Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov is widely thought of as a Christian work (as are Flannery O'Connor's stories), Paton's Cry, the Beloved Country and Tolstoy's War and Peace—and even Anna Karenina—are almost never referred to in this way. How many literate people are not even aware that Les Miserables and The Count of Monte Cristo are unapologetically Christian? And The Lord of the Rings—how many among the vast multitude of its fans even guess that it is thoroughly and deeply Christian?

With that brief but inadequate explanation, here's my list.

Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy

A young engaged couple came to me recently and asked if I would give them marriage counseling. "Absolutely not," I responded. "I'm not qualified. But," I told them, "I would be glad to meet with you and discuss a book I have in mind." They thought this sounded reasonable, until I told them which book I had in mind and how large it was. The book was Anna Karenina, the greatest Christian novel ever written and certainly the best novel on marriage ever written. There are several marriages in this book, but two are primary: that of Levin and Kitty, a paradigm of a Christian marriage, and that of Anna and Vronsky, which is a mockery of marriage. What Levin and Kitty have is love; what Anna and Vronsky have is mutual idolatry. It is Christian marriage and its evil twin. Reading this book might change your life.

War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy

I had a psychological block about even attempting this book because it was, to people of my generation, the quintessential Long Book—even though I had read longer books than this without psychological

consequences. But once you begin this book, the length becomes your friend and the fact that it ever ends, an enemy. The story's only weakness is that it doesn't last forever. I have had a number of people tell me how sad they were when they had finished because they would simply miss these characters. Tolstoy had the great gift of being a master storyteller who could create an utterly real world with utterly real people. The best translations are those by Louise and Aylmer Maude and by Pevear and Volokhonsky.

The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien

I heard someone say that Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings is the greatest evocation of the Christian West ever written. Every time I read it (and I think I have read it six times now) this judgment seems more accurate to me. Every time I go on this quest with Frodo and Sam, I gain some deeper insight into the human condition. It is a world in which evil must be fought, and where, as bad as it seems sometimes, we have to have faith in the fact that good wins in the end and that we can make a difference.

Cry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton

This is my wife's favorite book. It is the story of Stephen Kumalo, an elderly Black Anglican minister in South Africa in the time of Apartheid whose son has moved from their now-impoverished tribal town to the city of Johannesburg and hasn't been heard from since. One day, the minister is told that his sister, who is also in Johannesburg, is in trouble. Kumalo takes what little money he has saved and goes in search of his son and sister in the city. He finds his sister is a prostitute and is addicted to alcohol, and his son is a suspect in a murder case. Johannesburg in this story is Babylon, luring young people away from their tribal homes to their destruction. It is a story of faithfulness, forgiveness, and redemption. It is the story of how one man comes to terms with the requirements of justice and how mercy overcomes all. It is a stunningly beautiful book, not only in its message, but in its telling. Dostoevsky said, "Beauty will save the world." If this is true, this book will play a part.

Jayber Crow by Wendell Berry

I believe Wendell Berry to be the greatest living American writer. He is one of the few authors I can read for no reason other than the sheer enjoyment and enlightenment of reading him. This is the story of Jayber Crow, who is twice orphaned as a boy, and who sojourns to a Bible college thinking he is called to be a minister but leaves when he cannot find the answers to his theological questions. He ends up in Lexington, Kentucky, cutting hair for the workers at the horse farms, before making his way to his original Kentucky home, Port William, and finding his real calling as the town barber. It is Jayber

himself who narrates the story, and we see him as others do not. It is he who cleans the church and takes care of the town cemetery. There is a scene in the graveyard where he reflects on the importance of memory and how a community is maintained only through our remembrance of it. This is, in my mind, one of the greatest scenes in literature. Jayber Crow is Dante's Divine Comedy set in a small Kentucky town. The least bookish of all my children says that this is his favorite book.

The Talisman by Sir Walter Scott

This was the first book I read by Sir Walter Scott. He was the most popular writer in English for a hundred years and now I know why. This book's historical background of the Crusades articulates a fascinating comparison between Christianity and Islam. I have always thought, as Arnold Lunn once pointed out, that we have an obligation to judge any position by the best arguments for it, not the worst ones we can think up. There are several places in this story where two great world religions come into conflict—in the action and in the dialogue. Scott shows us the character of Western Christianity in the persons of King Richard and Sir Kenneth of Scotland, and the character of Islam in the person of Saladin, perhaps one of its most attractive historical exemplars. We really feel—justly, I think—that Scott is trying to give us the best arguments for both sides. And despite the fact that we feel we have been given the best representation of Islam, still we see the superiority of Christianity and we sense that we are able to judge fairly because we have fairly heard both sides. The next time I am asked what it is about Western civilization that makes it worth trying to save, I am going to point to this book.

The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander Dumas

If it weren't for the existence of The Lord of the Rings, I would consider The Count of Monte Cristo perhaps the greatest Christian adventure story ever written. It continues to amaze me how a book written in the nineteenth century can speak so directly to a reader in the twenty-first, but this book does. As the reader, you want vengeance for the wrongs committed against Edmond Dantès every bit as much as he does himself, but in the end you are far more satisfied by the redemption that eventually comes. The plot twists in this story are astounding. What a great Christian epic!

The Violent Bear It Away by Flannery O’Connor

Flannery O'Connor is famous mostly for her short stories, but I believe this novel to be her greatest work. The first thing you must do in reading O'Connor is to understand her impish sense of humor. Once you "get" O'Connor you will never let her go. She is trying to shock the modern reader out of his secular lethargy by

confronting him with stark characters and a sometimes absurd plot. This novel is about a boy caught between his seemingly crazy great uncle who thinks he is an Old Testament prophet and his secular, scientistic uncle who thinks he can save the boy by convincing him that the other uncle's crazy religion is a sham. Ralph, the young protagonist, is caught between an extreme religiosity on one side and an extreme scientism on the other. O'Connor is the Apostle of the Apocalypse. She doesn't argue directly for the truth of Christianity; she simply short circuits modern skepticism.

The Thanatos Syndrome by Walker Percy

Like many of the authors above, Percy does not shy away from portraying the world in all its depravity. His stories are like a prism through which we see the good, not in the light itself, but in its refraction. The question he asks here is: If we could find a way to satisfy every human desire and at the same time render everyone peaceful and harmonious, would we do it? He knew that you could do this only at the cost of humanity itself. Percy is the great twentieth-century defender, not of "humanity" (that dangerous abstraction), but of the human in all his imperfections.

The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoevsky

I have disappointed a number of people by preferring the writing of Tolstoy to that of Dostoevsky. The advocates of Dostoevsky point to his more orthodox

theology and to Tolstoy's relative heterodoxy. But somehow Tolstoy's works always seem to rise above his questionable theology, and in any case good theologians don't necessarily make great writers. Nevertheless, the flaws in how Dostoevsky writes are more than made up for in what he has to say. In this book he tells of three brothers: Ivan the rationalist; Dmitri, enslaved to his passions; and Alyosha, who transcends both. It is the story of a murder that drives each character to his ultimate and proper conclusion. The story of the Grand Inquisitor alone would make this book great, but the chapter "Rebellion" is one of the most harrowing confrontations with the problem of evil ever written.

Les Miserables by Victor Hugo

French writers tend to have an exuberance about their writing, which is one of the endearing things about them, but it does mean that their books are long. Hugo's book bears little resemblance to the Broadway musical or the movie. We see the characters portrayed in this book in all their glory and in all their degradation. If Tolstoy is life, then Hugo is the world. Les Miserables is the story of several characters: Jean Valjean, a former convict befriended by a priest whose act of charity changes Jean into a good man; Marius Pontmercy, a young student whose life is transformed after he falls in love with Cosette and is saved by Jean Valjean; and Cosette, whose simple goodness changes both Marius and Jean Valjean. This book is criticized by some readers for its frequent and extensive digressions. But the digressions are what make the book so universal—they take the lessons of the story and ruminate on them. I find them among the best parts of the book.

Kristin Lavransdatter by Sigrid Undset

This book is about the life of a woman in fourteenthcentury Norway. It won the 1928 Nobel Prize for literature. At the time of the story Norway has been Christianized only for a few generations, and the pull of the old paganism is strong. This theme weaves its way through the story, much as it does in Beowulf. It is about Kristin, a young woman from a good family who rebels against her parents by running away with a young man. Her actions in defiance of the wise advice of her parents resound throughout her life. Her relationships with her husband and her children are all affected in indirect ways by her earlier choice. It is the story of how our sins can be visited upon our children. Kristin Lavransdatter is a book that will live with you for the rest of your life. It is about childhood, motherhood, and fatherhood, and has an ending that will make you weep—and rejoice.

Martin Cothran is the editor of The Classical Teacher, provost of Memoria College, and author of Traditional Logic Books I & II, Material Logic, and Classical Rhetoric

Poetry for the Primary Stage

Grades K-2 | $10.80

Your child will be delighted by the whimsy and inspired by the beauty of the beloved poems in our Poetry for the Primary Stage anthology. ese selections are perfect for family read-aloud time or memorization practice.

Poetry for the Grammar Stage

Grades 3-7

$50.18 set

(student, teacher, anthology)

Student $17.30

Teacher $19.45

Anthology $19.00

Our illustrated anthology is the perfect companion for this study guide, which includes vocabulary work and comprehension questions, and beginning concepts of poetry analysis. Poems increase in difficulty as students move through the book in each year of the grammar stage.

Poetry & Short Stories for the Logic Stage: 19th and 20th Centuries

Grades 7+

$53.83 set

(student, teacher, anthology)

Student $18.35 | Teacher $20.50

Anthology $20.95

Revisit the Old World elegance of Irving's prose and the range of Poe's romanticism. Enjoy the Fireside Poets—Longfellow, Whittier, and Holmes. Rediscover the rich, varied authenticity of American literature with this anthology and study guide.

e British Tradition

Poetry, Prose, & Drama (Book I): e Old English & Medieval Periods

Poetry & Prose (Book II): e Elizabethan to the Neoclassical Age

Poetry (Book III): e Romantic to the Victorian Age

Grades 8+ | $53.83 set ea. (student, teacher, anthology)

Student $18.35 ea. | Teacher $20.50 ea. | Anthology $20.95 ea.

Did you ever wish you didn't have to sort through all the thousands of poems that have been written over the years to nd the best of the best? Cheryl Lowe has done the work for you in these British poetry anthologies, from legendary knights to staid Victorians. Use our accompanying study guides for a full-year course that guides students into a deeper understanding of the most important and in uential poetry, prose, and drama in the British tradition.

three PIllars UPon WhICh

Is a classical education still relevant? Is it worth the time and the effort, or should our students be studying the modern world and modern languages, preparing for modern jobs? Every one of us wants to give our students the best possible education—but what is the best? The latter half of the twentieth century has given us the answers to these questions.

The last century has been an attempt to educate students without Latin and the classics. It has not worked. We have seen a complete meltdown in education so shocking that there are no meaningful standards left.

Classical education has been around for 2,500 years, and though it has changed and evolved over time the essential core has always remained the same. It was invented by the Greeks, imitated and expanded upon by the Romans, preserved by the monks of the Middle Ages, and finally experienced a rebirth in the Renaissance that continued up to the first half of the twentieth century. We are not at liberty to redefine classical education or to let it die.

Latin and the classics provide training in language, logic, and critical thinking that cannot be duplicated by any other method. They give structure, depth, and meaning to a curriculum. There is no adequate substitute for the study of Latin and the classics.

A classical Christian education gives students the background needed to understand the modern world. Without this background people are tossed about by any new idea, for they have been given no wisdom from the past to prepare them to act wisely in the difficult task of discerning the present and the future.

At Memoria Press we have built our curriculum upon three foundational pillars: Christian, Classical, and Traditional. We believe that an education built upon these pillars has the ability to form the character of each student—to instill discipline, teach virtue, and nourish faith.

I. Chr IstI an

A classical Christian education upholds traditional Christian morality, orthodox doctrine, and the divine inspiration of Scripture. Christian faith is incorporated into the daily life of students through school prayers that begin and end each day and Latin prayers and songs that are practiced from the primary through the upper school years. In the Memoria Press curriculum, Christian studies is a rigorous academic subject on the level of all other subjects. Students have Christian studies every year, becoming Bible literate in the lower grades and studying church history in the upper grades. Students read Augustine, Lewis, Dante, and Chesterton. They memorize and recite Scripture every year beginning in kindergarten, using the poetic King James Version. A Christian education is a foundational pillar of Memoria Press because it equips students to use the gift of knowledge in the service of others and for the glory of Christ and the church.

I like to compare classical Christian education to climbing a mountain. It is an arduous journey, but one that is exciting and exhilarating because as we climb upward we see the landscape below with so much clarity; we have ever larger vistas. And we really are reaching closer to God as we begin to see our human condition with an elevated vision rather than the low vision that we have from our carnal natures.

II. ClassICal

An essential core of a classical education is the study of Latin and the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. Latin is the heart of a classical education. It is the most effective tool we have to train and develop the minds of the young. Latin forms the minds of students by impressing upon them its own qualities of structure, order, and logic, of which Latin is an unexcelled model. Students learn to focus, analyze, and think systematically as they work their way through

M e M or I a P ress I s B UI lt

By Cheryl loWe and leIgh loWe

the Latin grammar to the translation of Latin literature. The study of Latin literature is the final goal and culmination of a classical education—it is where students reap the reward of all the hard work that has gone before. In terms of usefulness and practicality, there is no subject children can study that intersects with every other subject more than Latin.

Latin isn't the only concern of a classical education though. The other essential component is the classics themselves—reading the best that has been thought and said in literature and history. In the study of the humanities the goal is to build virtue in the soul so we can do and act rightly and to discourage vice so we can avoid hurting others and ourselves. Reading literature and history civilizes young people, teaching those human values that they are not born with: unselfishness, compassion, courage, integrity, and justice. Reading great books imparts wisdom and virtue. In the study of literature, the goal always must be to understand the author's intent and to gain the wisdom he is seeking to teach us. When we have read a work of literature or studied a work of art or philosophy, our objective will be the ability to articulate in our own words—with clarity and brevity—the wisdom we gained from that work.

Literature, along with good role models and a robust Christian studies curriculum, is our best tool to accomplish the important goal of character formation.

III. tradI tIonal

After a whole century of innovations that have not worked, the traditional classroom has proven its superiority over the modern, child-centered classroom. A traditional education puts an emphasis on basic skills, such as phonics, reading, spelling, math facts, and legible cursive penmanship. All students are trained in accuracy, attention to detail, and mastery. It is an education with a balanced curriculum that emphasizes both the humanities and math and science. Students are carefully prepared for each rung on the educational ladder they are climbing, and students of all ages have similar experiences and expectations. There are formal recitations and memorization exercises in every grade. This continuity and consistency is invaluable, providing students with clear and concrete expectations. Students thrive and learn in the traditional classroom because it provides a quiet, orderly, purposeful environment.

Subjects in a traditional classroom are given thorough treatment, not cursory attention. Quick surveys of a subject leave the student unfulfilled. A traditional education wastes no opportunities for learning. Every minute of the school day is precious, and we are duty bound to honor our students by not wasting their time or lowering our standards. A traditional education restores the high standards of the classical tradition within the framework of a warm Christian culture.

The ultimate goal of classical Christian education, in addition to teaching generalized skills, is to inculcate wisdom and virtue. Knowledge is a dangerous thing to give without the virtue and values to use it wisely. Classical Christian education is what parents instinctively want for their children. This education gives students the tools to meet the ever-changing world with sanity and the dexterity to adapt and excel, however they choose to make a living.

At one time, classical education was the only education. It still is.

Cheryl Lowe was the founder of Memoria Press and the author of the Latin Forms Series, First Start Reading, and many other books. She also founded Highlands Latin School in Louisville, Kentucky, where all Memoria Press materials are developed and tested. Leigh Lowe consults on curriculum, trains teachers, and speaks publicly about classical education and the vision of Memoria Press and Highlands Latin School. Leigh is the daughter-in-law of Cheryl Lowe and worked closely with Cheryl for years as a teacher, editor, and writer.

Classical Education Resources

Resource Books

CLASSICAL EDUCATION

• Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child by Cheryl Swope $26.00

• A Defense of Latin and Classical Education edited by Cheryl Lowe $10.80

• Climbing Parnassus: A New Apologia for Greek and Latin by Tracy Lee Simmons $19.99

• From Achilles to Christ: Why Christians Should Read the Pagan Classics by Louis Markos $28.00

• From Plato to Christ: How Platonic ought Shaped the Christian Faith by Louis Markos $32.00

• e Recovery of Real Education: A selection of articles from e Classical Teacher $10.80

• e Great Books: A Journey rough 2,500 Years of the West's Classic Literature by Anthony O'Hear $22.00

• e Great Tradition: Classic Readings on What It Means to Be an Educated Human Being edited by Richard M. Gamble $29.99

• e Well-Educated Mind: A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had by Susan Wise Bauer and Jessie Wise $35.00

• e Well-Trained Mind: A Guide to Classical Education at Home by Susan Wise Bauer and Jessie Wise $39.95

• How to Read a Book: e Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading by Mortimer J. Adler and Charles Van Doren $19.99

• Figures of Speech: 60 Ways to Turn a Phrase by Arthur Quinn $49.99

• Rhetoric by Aristotle $8.00

• Medieval Literacy: A Compendium of Medieval Knowledge with the Guidance of C. S. Lewis by James Grote $29.95

FOR SCHOOLS

• Seven Myths About Education by Daisy Christodoulou $42.95

• Why Knowledge Matters: Rescuing Our Children from Failed Educational eories by E. D. Hirsch, Jr. $33.00

• e Schools We Need: And Why We Don't Have em by E. D. Hirsch, Jr. $17.95

• Why Freshmen Fail and How to Avoid It! by Carol Reynolds, Ph.D. $21.95 CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS & CHURCH HISTORY

• Fundamentals of the Faith: Essays in Christian Apologetics by Peter Kreeft $17.95

• Handbook of Christian Apologetics: Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions by Peter Kreeft and Ronald K. Tacelli $35.00

• Socrates Meets Jesus by Peter Kreeft $22.00

• Mere Christianity by C. S. Lewis $17.99

• e Great Divorce by C. S. Lewis $17.99

• e Screwtape Letters by C. S. Lewis $17.99

• e Abolition of Man by C. S. Lewis $17.99

• A Preface to Paradise Lost by C. S. Lewis $39.99

• Early Christian Writings trans. by Andrew Louth and Maxwell Staniforth $15.00

• e Early Church by Henry Chadwick $18.00

• e History of the Church by Eusebius $19.00

PHONICS

• Teaching Phonics & Word Study in the Intermediate Grades by Wiley Blevins $33.99

• Phonics from A to Z by Wiley Blevins $37.99

Whether you're looking for an elevator pitch for classical education to give a friend, a defense of the place of Latin in classical education, or encouragement in teaching your child to read and write, this series of concise, clear articles in convenient pamphlet format is for you!

What Is Classical Education? What Is Civilization? e Liberating Arts How Latin Develops the Mind Why Literature Matters How to Teach Your Child How to Read Latin: e Next Step After Phonics Christian Studies: How to Have Biblically Literate Children What Is Classical Rhetoric? A Defense of Penmanship How to Teach Logic e Grammar of Our Lives

S. Lewis: A Critical Essay by Peter Kreeft | $9.30

Classical Studies

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

$64.30 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Grades 3-8

Text $19.99 | Student $20.50

Teacher $20.50 | Flashcards $14.65

Famous Men of Rome

$64.35 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Grades 4-8

Text $20.05 | eBook $14.00

Student $20.50 | Teacher $20.50

Flashcards $14.65

Myths are everywhere in Western art and literature and are the essential background for a classical education. is is an ideal beginning book regardless of age! Each of the 30 lessons presents facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and a picture review and activities section.

Find samples and full product descriptions at

Meet Romans like Horatius, Caesar, and Marcus Aurelius—history's great men of action. Younger students especially will be fascinated by the abundant action and drama of the great city of Rome, its trials and tribulations, its rise and eventual fall.

Famous Men of Greece

$64.35 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Grades 5-8

Text $20.05 | eBook $14.00

Student $20.50 | Teacher $20.50

Flashcards $14.65

Classical Studies Suggested Timeline

If you don't begin your classical education until middle or high school, we recommend that you start with Year 5.

Year 1 D'Aulaires' Greek Myths

Year 2 Famous Men of Rome

Year 3 Famous Men of the Middle Ages

Year 4

Famous Men of Greece, e Trojan War, and Horatius at the Bridge

Dive into the lives of the famous Greeks—history's great men of thought. Follow Heracles and Odysseus through journeys of myth, ght with Leonidas and Pericles in legendary wars, deliberate with Aristotle and Socrates. Learn of all those who contributed to the scope of Greek accomplishment that is still known today as " e Greek Miracle."

Famous Men of the Middle Ages

$64.35 set (text, student, teacher, flashcards)

Grades 5-8

Text $20.05 | eBook $14.00

Student $20.50 | Teacher $20.50

Flashcards $14.65

Year 5 Iliad, Odyssey, and e Book of the Ancient Greeks

Year 6 e Aeneid and e Book of the Ancient Romans

Year 7 Greek Tragedies (Euripides, Sophocles, Aeschylus)

Year 8 e Divine Comedy

Famous Men of Modern Times

Wind through the "dark ages" by the lights of Clovis, Charlemagne, Alfred the Great, Joan of Arc, and Gutenberg, among many others, and watch as the world transitions from the end of ancient times to the birth of the modern era.

$51.90 set (text, student, teacher) Grades 6-8

Text $20.05 | eBook $14.00

Student $20.50 | Teacher $20.50

And in the last installment of the series, join Suleiman the Magni cent, Sir Isaac Newton, Peter the Great, George Washington, Napoleon Bonaparte, and many more as they ght to lead and forge the emerging modern world.

Classical Studies

Dorothy Mills' Histories

Grades 6+ | $48.88 set ea. (text, student, teacher)

Text $20.10 ea. | *eBook $14.00 ea. | Student $20.50 ea. | Teacher $20.50 ea. (*not available for Renaissance & Reformation)

Combine each text with a Memoria Press Student Guide for a yearlong course. Each guide includes facts to know, vocabulary, comprehension questions, mapwork, and timelines, and the Teacher Guides provide thorough answers as well as unit tests.

e Book of the Ancient World

Let Dorothy Mills take your student on an adventure to explore the geography, culture, architecture, and most prominent peoples of Egypt, Persia, Anatolia, Israel, and more. Mills covers not only the valuable history and culture of the ancient peoples, but she also gives students an understanding of the people and neighbors out of which Christianity sprung.

e Book of the Ancient Greeks

The journey continues, starting in Crete and ending in the Hellenistic Age ushered in by Alexander the Great. Your student will learn about the wars and ideas, the art and architecture, the politics and philosophy that have shaped the course of Western civilization since the Greeks laid them out for us.

e Book of the Ancient Romans

Like any good Roman course, this one begins with the she-wolf who nurses in infancy the legendary founders of Rome: Romulus and Remus. e rise and fall of a monarchy, the embrace of a republic with the simultaneous dislike for kings, and nally the rise of the Roman Empire teach unforgettable principles about human nature and society. Includes notes on the Roman culture, political system, and religion.

e Book of the Middle Ages

From the foundation of monasteries to the bell towers of universities, from the crowning of Charlemagne to the execution of Joan of Arc, Mills guides students through the spread of Christendom and the founding of a new civilization on the remnants of the Roman Empire.

Renaissance & Reformation Times

It would be hard to overstate the reverberating e ects of this period on modern history. Politics, philosophy, art, theology—virtually no aspect of Western culture was left unchanged by the Renaissance and Reformation. Mills succeeds marvelously in giving readers a neutral ground on which to base their understanding of this time.

Timeline Program

Events from Ancient to Modern Times Grades 3-7

$49.51 set

(sketchbook, handbook, wall cards, flashcards)

Timeline Composition & Sketchbook $11.85

Timeline Handbook $11.85

Timeline Wall Cards $16.20

Timeline Flashcards $15.10

Students will master a total of 60 events from Greek and Roman history, the Middle Ages, American history, and Christian studies.

Geography & Timeline Review Worksheets

Grade 7

Worksheets

Key $9.25

$9.25

To ensure retention and mastery we have created this cumulative review of Memoria Press' States and Capitals , Geography I & II, and Timeline Program .

Classical Literature

e Trojan War

by Olivia Coolidge | Grades 6-8

Text $9.99 | Student $13.95 | Teacher $13.95 is faithful retelling of the events of the Trojan War is wonderful preparation for reading the Iliad and Odyssey in later years. Your student will become familiar with the main characters, the gods and goddesses, and the storyline of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, presented in simple but captivating prose. Each lesson in the Student Guide has reading notes, vocabulary, comprehension questions, and an enrichment section with discussion topics, writing, art, and mapwork.

e Adventures of Odysseus & e Tale of Troy

by Padraic Colum | Grades 6-8 | $11.90

Padraic Colum introduces young readers to Odysseus, the Greek hero of the Trojan War, who has been away from his home and his family for twenty years.

e Adventures of Odysseus & e Tale of Troy has all the essentials of Homer’s epic: the son, Telemachus, searching for news of his father and learning about the events of the Trojan War; the faithful wife, Penelope, refusing to marry again despite a throng of suitors; and Odysseus himself, struggling against monsters, storms, and the wrath of gods to be reunited with his family and regain his place as king of Ithaka.

e Aeneid for Boys & Girls

by Alfred J. Church | Grades 6-8

$11.90

Alfred Church's retelling of Virgil's Aeneid is a great introduction to the story of Aeneas, who escaped from the burning city of Troy and founded Rome, the New Troy. Reading this rst will help prepare students to tackle the more di cult writing of Virgil.

e Iliad & e Odyssey

Samuel Butler translation | Grades 7+

$97.42 set ea. (text, student, teacher, videos)

$174.34 complete set (Iliad and Odyssey sets)

Text $15.15 ea. | eBook $7.00 ea.

Student $14.05 ea. | Teacher $18.35 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 ea.

Western civilization begins with the two greatest works of the ancient world: the Iliad and the Odyssey . The enormous influence these books have exerted in Western literature and art make them the perfect place to begin your study of Western culture. Samuel Butler's prose translations are both scholarly and easily accessible to students. The reading notes, focus passages, and comprehension and discussion questions in our Student Guides highlight important events, characters, and themes, allowing your student to more deeply understand these seminal works. The Teacher Manuals include additional contextual background information and teaching tips, as well as complete answers to the Student Guides and unit tests.

e Aeneid

David West translation | Grades 8+

$95.21 set (text, student, teacher, videos)

Text $16.00

Student $20.50

Teacher $20.50

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00

After Homer, the Aeneid is logically your next great book to study. Virgil's epic story of the founding of Rome will come alive when read with the help of our study guide as you continue your quest to master the classics. is is a great preparation for AP Latin also. Our Teacher Manual has inset student pages with teacher notes and background information for each lesson.

Horatius at the Bridge

by omas Babington Macaulay

| Grades 6+

$37.82 set (text, student, teacher, medal, pin)

Text $9.25 | Student $9.25 | Teacher $11.85

Medal $5.50 | Lapel Pin $3.95

is study of Macaulay's 70-stanza ballad includes vocabulary, maps, character and plot synopses, meter, comprehension questions, teaching guidelines, and quizzes. Send us a recording of your students reciting the poem, and we'll send them a Winston Churchill Award certi cate, medal, and lapel pin.

e Divine Comedy

by Dante Alighieri, John Ciardi translation

Grades 10+

$64.80 set (text, student, teacher, quizzes & tests)

$117.05 complete set (all books + streaming videos)

Text $21.00 | Student $20.50

Teacher $20.50 | Quizzes & Tests $6.20

Streaming Instructional Videos $55.00

e Divine Comedy is one of the crown jewels of both Western and Christian literature. is epic, allegorical poem illustrates Dante's spiritual journey of redemption that takes him through the pit of Hell (the Inferno) to the Beati c Vision of God (the Paradiso).

e Greek Tragedies

Grades 9+

$238.40 complete set (3 texts, 3 student guides, 3 teacher guides, 3 instructional videos)

e Oresteian Trilogy by Aeschylus $13.00

e ree eban Plays by Sophocles $16.00 Medea & Other Plays by Euripides $11.00

Student $20.50 ea. | Teacher $20.50 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $45.00 ea.

On Obligations

by Cicero, P. G. Walsh

Grades 10+

Text $13.95

Student $20.50

Teacher $20.50

translation

Cicero's work On Obligations played a large role in Western Christendom but is daunting to read alone. Let us accompany your high schooler as he learns the principles of justice, wisdom, bene cence, courage, and propriety.

e Oresteian Trilogy

Aeschylus was the rst of the three great tragic playwrights. Join Orestes as he seeks to avenge his father's murder, but discovers, along with us, that revenge only begets revenge—that mercy and litigation are the better ends of justice.

e Republic and e Laws

by Cicero, Niall Rudd translation

Grades 10+

Text $12.95

Student $20.50

Teacher $20.50

e Republic became the blueprint of the U.S. government almost 2,000 years after it was written. In e Laws, Cicero defends his understanding of the upright moral life. His writings became the foundation for the West's philosophical discussion on the natural law.

e ree eban Plays

Here is Sophocles' story of Oedipus, fated to unknowingly kill his father and marry his mother. is is the great myth, in uencing all subsequent literature. Fate, free will, the quest for knowledge and truth—the glory and downfall of Western civilization.

Medea & Other Plays

Euripides further developed the tragedy, instituting the deus ex machina, a prologue, and greater realism. His heroes are less resolute and more psychological, fraught with internal con ict. In them we see the extremes of human nature: cold reason and maniacal passion, nobility and cruelty, triumph and regret, grief and comfort.

Iremember being flabbergasted twenty-five years ago when my mother-in-law, Cheryl Lowe, casually mentioned that she'd like to start a college one day. At the time—the late s—Memoria Press operated out of the Lowe family garage attic. Mrs. Lowe and Martin Cothran worked on their Latin and logic programs on weekdays, and Cheryl's son, Brian (my now husband), came home from graduate school on weekends to ship book orders or tinker with a novel thing called a website. Memoria Press had two books then and "Highlands Latin School" (HLS) was only a four-hour-a-week cottage school, where I would teach. Starting a college was, to say the least, an ambitious idea.

In the last two and a half decades, however, Memoria Press has faithfully toiled toward the completion of a K- classical Christian curriculum, and our model school, HLS, has grown to local students. In these endeavors we've witnessed countless demonstrations of God's providence, but God has shown His glory in spades with Memoria College.

Almost ignored, Mrs. Lowe's curious comment about a college lived dormant in the back of our minds during the busy development years. Then the unusual circumstances of unexpectedly offered time, technological opportunity, and a renewed commitment to purposeful living. That buried idea, refined as a Great Books Master's Program for classical Christian educators, was excavated, dusted off, and, once unearthed, gleamed with shiny promise. To our delight (and perhaps to our surprise) an all-star faculty was eager to join the Memoria College crusade, and the first cohort of students began discussing the most enduring books

THE CASE FOR THE COLLEGE

BY LEIGH LOWE

of history before we barely knew what had happened. Memoria College's five-week seminar courses opened to an enthusiastic audience in the summer of , and the core fifteen-week courses began that fall.

It feels almost as if Memoria College appeared fully formed, like Athena from the head of eus. It's hard to remember a time when this community of insightful students didn't exist. We are certainly excited by the reception of our program, and really we should have expected it as interest in classical education has grown in the last several decades. We've witnessed that the adults giving a beautiful classical education to their children felt a hunger themselves to consume the Great Books too.

Memoria College was created to satisfy this appetite—it's our chance to give adults the formal classical education they have long wanted so they can be better teachers, better parents, better human beings. Memoria College students want to learn. They want to think about big ideas. They want to read and discuss the treasures they either regretfully missed or are eager to revisit. More than anything, they want a likeminded community of peers who desire to spend their time in formative and consequential ways. o more struggling through the epics in isolation

The goal of Memoria College is to offer a collegial environment of learning for those with Socratic wisdom—those who humbly recognize that there's always a lot more to learn. History and experience tell us that reading the Great Books can enrich individuals and communities in countless ways. We hope you decide to join us as we unite in this quest for a greater understanding of the True, the Good, and the Beautiful.

HEAR FROM STUDENTS

Being part of the Memoria College Great Books Master of Arts program has been a truly transformative experience for me. I wasn't educated classically and as I endeavored to home-educate my own children, I felt that deficiency most keenly. The unique dynamic of the classes has allowed me to not only interact with, but befriend, a like-minded community of people with whom I weekly engage in a depth of dialogue that nourishes the soul. I have been stretched and have grown beyond what I could have anticipated. The professors are outstanding, and they have invested in me in deeply profound and lasting ways. I have been learning from great minds and it is liberating. I am eternally grateful to Memoria College for helping me to redeem my education and for equipping me to better serve my children and my students with the aim of passing on and preserving Western civilization.

FLEUR

FORSYTH-SMITH, Latin Instructor, HLS, CA

I feel very fortunate to have found Memoria College. It has provided me the opportunity to have a truly meaningful encounter with the source texts that have shaped so much of our civilization. Better still, this program is made available through live online classes and discussion forums. So, despite living on the other side of the world, I can participate without any sense that I am receiving a second-rate experience.

of literature, philosophy, theology, and mathematics, but it also provides a community in which to discuss and share them. My intellect is aroused and my soul is filled with joy when I engage in the classes taught by distinguished professors who guide our discussions and lead my fellow students and me out of the cave. Memoria College is giving me the opportunity to free my soul in the company of fellow pilgrims. I can finally receive the liberal education I have been longing for.

AMY ZALESKI, Middle School Teacher, Arnold, MD

Now Enrolling view classes at MemoriaCollege.org

I have been a full-time practicing lawyer for thirtytwo years. I have had little time for other things. I thought I'd reached my limit. And then: Memoria College. It's been more than worth the extra time. I am learning so much here and it's so enriching. It's something I wish I'd done long ago. Standard lawyer training is in the realm of the merely technical. There is very little about what is right, what is wrong, what is fair, equitable, necessary, practical, merely expedient—or what justice is. At Memoria College I am seeing a way of working out these answers. I am currently in the Greek Drama course and amazed to discover how much I didn't know about justice. The experience here has been so positive that I have come to believe that all lawyers need this same training.

ANTHONY VIEIRA, Founder of Vieira Trial Law and Attorney at Berglund and Johnson

The courses have opened my eyes to the great privilege and responsibility before me. While I, like most of us, have to work hard and long hours, I do indeed have the freedom to pause and pursue interests of my own choosing. But with the tyranny of the urgent and the slave master of the practical standing over me every second of the day, it is easy to see how, if I am not careful, I might spend my whole life under the cracking of the whip—a life lived without stopping, thinking, considering, examining. I am now more resolved than ever not to waste my liberty on that which is merely practical and useful; I am determined to aim for the Good.

MICHAEL BECK, Pastor at Gracenet Community Church, New Zealand

My only regret in life was not spending more time participating in the Great Conversation. Memoria College not only gives me the opportunity to read great works

HEAR FROM TUTORS

It has been a joy to teach for Memoria College. The students have a great love for inquiry and truth. The faculty are great to work with in their generosity, friendliness, and love for the Christian intellectual life. This is an online institution that feels like a genuine community.

DR. THADDEUS KOZINSKI

Teaching atural Philosophy and Modern Science has been an experience like no other. The readings are incredibly challenging but the students take them seriously, with insightful comments and enlightening conversation. I can honestly say that I understand the scientists we are reading better because of my three years of teaching this class.

DR. JAY WILE

Upper School Christian Studies

e Story of Christianity by

David Bentley Hart

Grades 8+

Text $16.99

Student $20.50

Teacher $20.50

Hart gives a scholarly but readable portrait of the rich history of the Christian Church, covering 2,000 years of persecution, belief, discord, and faith. Our study guide walks you through Hart's text with additional background and contextual information, comprehension questions, and discussion questions that tie the history to scriptural passages and explore modern-day issues of faith and belief.

Acts of the Apostles: King James Version

Grades 8+

Text $11.90

Student $19.00

Teacher $20.50

e Acts of the Apostles tells the exciting story of the travels, the teachings, and—in many cases—the martyrdoms of the apostles as they take the message of Jesus Christ from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth in the years immediately following Christ's life, death, and resurrection. is unit study will acquaint students with Christianity's infant stage.

e Wars of the Jews: e Fall of Jerusalem by Josephus | Grades 9+

Text $11.90

Student $19.00

Teacher $21.60

" ere will not be left a stone upon a stone." Our children may know of Christ's prophecy, but do they learn about its ful llment? Josephus is regarded as the most trustworthy source on the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. is follow-up to a study of Scripture is an introduction to the history of Christianity.

Christian Studies

The Story Bible

& Christian Studies Enrichment Grades K-2

e Story Bible $32.99

Christian Studies Enrichment $15.10

e Story Bible is written especially for children who are beginning to read. e enrichment guide helps facilitate oral discussion for each Bible lesson.

Christian Studies I-III Grades 3-6

Christian Studies I: All Major Bible Stories up to the Entry into Canaan

Christian Studies II: e Rise and Fall of Israel and the Period of the Prophets

Christian Studies III: All Major New Testament Stories

$183.88 set

(Christian Studies I-III student & teacher, Golden Children's Bible, New Testament, Old Testament, and Memory Verse Flashcards)

Student $20.50 ea. | Teacher $23.75 ea. | Golden Children's Bible $22.99

Memory Verse Flashcards $18.35 | Old Testament Flashcards $15.10 | New Testament Flashcards $15.10

Biblical literacy is just as important as cultural, moral, and functional literacy, and the material we use to teach children their faith should be just as rigorous and demanding as any other important subject. Our Christian Studies series is a systematic study of the major events and characters in Salvation History, using e Golden Children's Bible. Students work through a Bible timeline from Creation to Christ, memorize Bible geography, the books of the Bible, people and events in order, and discuss vocabulary and basic theological concepts common to all Christian faith traditions. At the end of this course your student will be thoroughly grounded in the knowledge necessary for advanced Christian studies. Each lesson in the Student Guide includes facts to know, a memory verse, comprehension questions, and geography and timeline activities. e Teacher Manual contains thorough answers and additional insights and background information for each lesson, as well as unit tests.

e Golden Children's Bible

Grades 3-6

$22.99

We chose this Bible to use with our Christian Studies I-III series for its simpli ed but poetically appealing King James text and beautiful illustrations. e stories are broken into small, digestible chunks, and written on a third-sixth grade reading level.

Christian Studies IV: A Chronological Overview of the Bible Grades

6-8

Text $14.10

Student $20.50

Teacher $23.75 is course takes students back through the highlights of the Bible, and reviews drill questions, memory passages, and more! It can serve as a review course for Christian Studies I-III or as a survey study of the Bible. Our text gives students an overview and background information for each book of the Bible.

History of the Early Church

Grades 9+

Student $20.50

Teacher $23.75

e Early Church $18.00

e History of the Church $19.00

Eusebius, the bishop of Caesarea, wrote the rst book to recount the struggles and victories of the rst followers of Christ. In this year-long course, Chadwick's e Early Church is used as the main text, and students are directed to Eusebius' e History of the Church when ancient testimony is appropriate.

City

God

Text $19.00

Student $20.50

Teacher $21.60

Quizzes & Tests $6.20

City of God , arguably Augustine's greatest book, is the source of some of Western society's greatest and most cherished beliefs. Augustine's book serves as the cultural fountainhead of all that followed, and it is unlikely that it will ever be equaled. e Teacher Guide contains helpful chapter summaries and an answer key for the Student Guide

of

by St. Augustine, Vernon J. Bourke ed. Grades 10+

The Memoria Press YouTube channel is full of video resources for your educational journey – podcasts that tackle the heart of classical learning, deep dives into the virtues of Famous Men, Teaching Guidelines on a variety of subjects, and much more!

SUBSCRIBE TODAY AT: YouTube.com/MemoriaPress

Make the most of our Classical Core Curriculum with personalized lesson plans.

Learn more about the Customized Curriculum Manual at MemoriaPress.com/ccm

There are three basic philosophies of education: progressivism, pragmatism, and traditionalism. Each sees the purpose of education differently. Progressivism is the idea that education is a means to accomplish the end of changing a culture. Pragmatism seeks to change students to fit the contemporary culture. Traditionalism differs from both in that it sees as its purpose not the reform of culture or the preparation for it, but the passing on of a culture: the culture of the Christian West. According to traditionalism, education is the cultivation of wisdom and virtue through meditation on the Good, the True, and the Beautiful—all of which has been handed down to us in the stories and literature of the past 2,500 years.

Read-Aloud Programs and Summer Reading

Read-Aloud Sets

K-6th

Reading aloud to your children is one of the best gifts you can give them. e books we have chosen for our supplemental Read-Aloud Programs are beautiful in their art and their prose, and will help your child develop a taste for quality literature from an early age. Kindergarten Read-Aloud Set pictured. For a complete list of books in each set, visit MemoriaPress.com.

To complete the Literature & Enrichment portion of the K-2 curriculum, you will need the weekly read-alouds. You may already own many of these classic books, but you can also gather them at the library or purchase them from us. We schedule Literature ReadAlouds and American Studies Read-Alouds for older students in our 3rd-6th grade Curriculum Manuals. ese grammar school sets are supplemental as time and interest permit.

Summer Reading

Reading quality literature is one of the best ways to spend leisure time this summer!

3rd & 4th e Story of the World, Vol. 1 by Susan Wise Bauer $19.95

5th e Story of the World, Vol. 2 by Susan Wise Bauer $19.95

6th e Story of the World, Vol. 3 by Susan Wise Bauer $21.95

7th

e Story of the World, Vol. 4 by Susan Wise Bauer $21.95

e Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain $10.00

Choose from:

•Jr. Kindergarten Read-Aloud $378.57

•Kindergarten Read-Aloud $396.62

•Kindergarten Science & Enrichment $377.56

•First Grade Read-Aloud $392.54

•First Grade Science & Enrichment $272.56

•Second Grade Read-Aloud $390.55

•Second Grade Science & Enrichment $179.25

• ird Grade Read-Aloud Novels $190.83

• ird Grade Read-Aloud Picture Books $363.61

• ird Grade American $148.74

•Fourth Grade Read-Aloud $144.70

•Fourth Grade American $85.90

•Fifth Grade Read-Aloud $116.79

•Fifth Grade American $70.88

•Sixth Grade Read-Aloud $90.41

•Sixth Grade American $61.90

$3.00 - $16.00 per subject

Memoria Press' lesson plans by subject allow you to tailor the Classical Core Curriculum to your own needs. ese plans retain our week-at-a-glance layout, scheduling the individual subjects of each grade so you can mix and match as you need.

✓ Latin Forms Series

✓ Literature

✓ Classical Studies

✓ Kindergarten Phonics

✓ Christian Studies

✓ Geography

e Call of the Wild by Jack London $3.99

8th Little Women by Louisa May Alcott $16.50

Mr. Midshipman Hornblower by C. S. Forester $17.99

9th All Creatures Great and Small by James Herriot $18.00

10th Great Expectations by Charles Dickens $11.95

11th e Man Who Was ursday by G. K. Chesterton $11.99

12th e Lord of the Rings: e Fellowship of the Ring by J. R. R. Tolkien $17.99

✓ Math & Science

✓ AND MORE! OR

e Classical Core Curriculum is a complete classical Christian curriculum that emphasizes the traditional liberal arts of language and mathematics and the cultural heritage of the Christian West as expressed in the great works of history and literature. e curriculum has an early focus on the basic skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic, and a special emphasis on Latin. Latin is the best way to gain an academic vocabulary and to learn the formal system of grammar, and is, along with math, the best early critical thinking skills training. e study of the cultures of Athens and Rome, as well as biblical and Church history, is designed to provide a basis for a proper understanding of European and American history.

Classical Core Curriculum PRESCHOOL

$234.54 Full Set (all books + Curriculum Manual)

$30 Curriculum Manual Only

• Preschool Curriculum Manual

• e Very Busy Spider

• Prayers for Children

• Good Night, Gorilla

• Jesus Is With Me

• Jesus Hears Me

• Jesus Knows Me

• Big Red Barn

• e Best Mouse Cookie

• Little Fur Family

• Bunny's Noisy Book

• From Head to Toe

• Goodnight Moon

• Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?

• Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?

• Numbers, Colors, Shapes

Classical Core Curriculum JR.

KINDERGARTEN

• e Tale of Peter Rabbit

• Fuzzy Yellow Ducklings

• My Very First Book of Shapes

• ABC: An Amazing Alphabet Book!

• Put Me in the Zoo

• Hand, Hand, Fingers, umb

• Cars and Trucks From A to Z

• My First Counting Book

• e Animals' Christmas Eve

• Big Dog ... Little Dog

• Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You?

• A Children's Treasury of Nursery Rhymes

• 1 Is One

$156.93 Full Set (all books + 2-Day Curriculum Manual)

$70.50 Consumable Books Set (for additional students)

$30 Curriculum Manual Only

$377.57 Supplemental Read-Aloud Program

Character Building Supplements:

Myself & Others Book I Core Set $60.38

Myself & Others Book II Core Set $23.93

• Jr. Kindergarten Curriculum Manual

• Counting With Numbers

• Numbers & Colors

• Prayers for Children

• Alphabet Books 1 & 2

• Numbers Coloring Book

• Alphabet Coloring Book

• Alphabet Flashcards

• Richard Scarry's Best Mother Goose Ever

• Big oughts for Little People (Devotional)

• Hailstones and Halibut Bones (Poetry)

• e Book of Crafts: Jr. Kindergarten

• Alphabet Manuscript Wall Charts 5-Day Junior Kindergarten Curriculum now available! | $228.29 Check out the book list: MemoriaPress.com/JK-5

• My Very Own Scissors Book

Prices subject to change.

Curriculum Manual Only $30

Consumables Only $176.78

Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

ENRICHMENT

Kindergarten Enrichment; Kindergarten Book of Crafts; Kindergarten Art Cards; Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems; Music Enrichment

Numbers Book set; Rod & Sta Arithmetic 1 Student (Part 1), Teacher, and Practice Sheets; Arithmetic Flashcards: Addition & Subtraction; Memoria Math Challenge A

PHONICS & SPELLING

CURRICULUM MANUAL

Lesson Plans for One Year

e Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment

100 Days of Summer Reading Book I;Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; First Start ReadingA-D; First Start Reading Storybooks A-D; Phonics & Reading Streaming Instructional Videos; Christian Liberty Nature Reader, Book K; Scamp and Tramp; Soft and White; Fun in the Sun; Animal Alphabet Coloring Book; Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook; Manuscript Practice Sheets; Cut & Paste Book

MORNING WORK

Kindergarten Morning Work; Manner of the Week Wall Charts and Flashcards

PENMANSHIP

Copybook I; Composition & Sketchbook I

OPTIONAL For extra practice as needed. Primary Phonics Readers, Set 1 RETAIL $681.42 PACKAGE PRICE $512.70

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

CHRISTIAN

MATH

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE 1

LITERATURE

StoryTime Treasures set; More StoryTime Treasures set; Winter on the Farm; Christmas in the Big Woods; Little House Christmas Treasury; 100 Days of Summer Reading Book II

PHONICS & SPELLING

First Start Reading Book E; First Start Reading Storybook E; Traditional Spelling I set

PENMANSHIP

New American Cursive 1; Copybook II; Composition & Sketchbook II; Cursive Practice Sheets I; Alphabet Wall Poster; Summer Cursive; Penmanship Tablet

MATH

Rod & Sta Arithmetic 1 Student (Part 2); Rod & Sta Arithmetic 2 Student (Unit 1), Teacher (Part 1), and Practice Sheets Book 1; Memoria Math Challenge B

Lesson Plans for One Year Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $192.84 Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available! Primary Phonics Readers, Sets 2-6 American Language Series

ENRICHMENT

First Grade Book of Crafts; First Grade Enrichment; First Grade Art Cards

For extra practice as needed. NEW USER ADD-ON SET $159.90

Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; A Child's Book of Poems; Animals, Animals; e Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment; Rod & Sta Arithmetic 1 Teacher Manualand Practice Sheets; Arithmetic Flashcards: Addition & Subtraction; Music Enrichment OR NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Curriculum Manual Only $30

Consumables Only $268.53

Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available!

CURRICULUM

MANUAL

Lesson Plans for One Year

SCIENCE

Rod & Sta Patterns of Nature set

PENMANSHIP

New American Cursive 2; Copybook Cursive I; Composition & Sketchbook II; Prima Latina Copybook; Penmanship Tablet

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE 2

AMERICAN/ MODERN

Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans

LATIN & GRAMMAR

Prima Latina complete set; Introduction to English Grammar

MATH

LITERATURE

Second Grade Literature set; Second Grade Literature Dictionary; 100 Days of Summer Reading Book III

NEW USER ADD-ON SET $148.20

New to Memoria Press? You need these items from prior years.

Classical Phonics; Phonics Flashcards; A Child's Book of Poems; Animals, Animals; Music Enrichment; e Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment; Arithmetic Flashcards: Addition & Subtraction; Rod & Sta Arithmetic 2 Student (Unit 1), Practice Sheets Book 1, and Teacher (Part 1)

OPTIONAL: ACCELERATED MATH

Rod & Sta Arithmetic 3 Student, Teacher (Part 1), Tests

Rod & Sta Arithmetic 2 Student (Units 2-4), Teacher (Part 2), Practice Sheets Book 2, Supplemental Pack; Memoria Math Challenge C; Memoria Math Supplemental Workbook: Review of First Grade Math

Instructional Videos available as Streaming or DVDs!

MORNING WORK

English Grammar Practice

PHONICS & SPELLING

Traditional Spelling II set

ENRICHMENT

Second Grade Enrichment; Second Grade Book of Crafts; Second Grade Art Cards

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE 3

Rod & Sta Arithmetic 3 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Practice Sheets, Tests; Memoria Math Notebook; Multiplication Flashcards: 0 to 12; Division Flashcards: 0 to 12

D'Aulaires' Greek Myths set; Timeline Program

Grammar Recitation Handbook and English Grammar Recitation Workbook I set and Flashcards; Core Skills Language Arts 3

Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $150.46

Classical Core Curriculum

Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available! RETAIL $549.36

MATH

Rod & Sta Arithmetic 4 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Tests, Speed Drills, Speed Drill Packet

SPELLING

Traditional Spelling IV

LITERATURE

Lesson Plans for One Year

PACKAGE PRICE $388.89

Fourth Grade Literature set; Papa Panov's Special Christmas; Twelve Days of Christmas; A Promise Kept: e Story of Christmas; Good King Wenceslas

WRITING

Classical Composition I: Fable Student, Teacher, Videos

SCIENCE

Transitioning to the Classical Core Curriculum in Grade 4?

Copybook Cursive II

e Book of Astronomy set PENMANSHIP

GRAMMAR

English Grammar RecitationWorkbook II set; Core Skills Language Arts 4

In our third grade package, students complete half of D'Aulaires' Greek Myths, Latina Christiana, Christian Studies I, and States and Capitals, as well as parts of Poetry for the Grammar Stage, which they will continue to use through seventh grade. e purchase of this package assumes that you have the books that are in our third grade package and have completed the rst half of them.

If you are starting the Classical Core Curriculumin fourth grade, we have a discounted transitional package for you: $729.49 Grade 4 for New Users Visit MemoriaPress.com for a complete book list and more information.

NEED TO CUSTOMIZE?

Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

Instructional Videos available as Streaming or DVDs!

Literature, Phonics, & Spelling

Jr. K K 1st 2nd

Alphabet Books; Alphabet Flashcards; Alphabet Coloring Book (p. 73); My Very Own Scissors Book (p. 71); Manuscript Charts (p. 79)

Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook; Classical Phonics; First Start Reading A-D; 100 Days of Summer Reading I; Phonics Flashcards (p. 74); Animal Alphabet Coloring Book; American Language Readers; Nature Reader K

Traditional Spelling I (p. 75); StoryTime and More StoryTime Treasures Literature Sets (p. 14); 100 Days of Summer Reading II; First Start Reading Book E (p. 74)

Counting With Numbers; Numbers Coloring Book; Numbers & Colors (p. 73)

& Staff Arithmetic 1, Part 2; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2, Unit 1; Memoria Math Challenge B

Traditional Spelling II (p. 75); 100 Days of Summer Reading III (p. 74); Second Grade Literature Set (p. 14)

Prima Latina (p. 4)

Prayers for Children; Big Thoughts for Little People

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment (p. 37)

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment (p. 37)

The Story Bible; Christian Studies Enrichment (p. 37)

Numbers Books; Memoria Math Challenge A; Rod & Staff Arithmetic 1, Part 1 (pp. 72-73)

Rod

(p. 72-73)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 2, Units 2-4; Memoria Math Challenge C (p. 72-73)

The Alphabet Books and Numbers & Colors are used for Penmanship practice.

Copybook I; Composition & Sketchbook I (p. 79)

Copybook II; Composition & Sketchbook II; New American Cursive 1; Penmanship Tablet; Alphabet Wall Poster; Cursive Practice Sheets; Summer Cursive (pp. 78-79)

New American Cursive 2 (p. 78); Copybook Cursive I; Composition & Sketchbook II (p. 79); Prima Latina Copybook (p. 8); Penmanship Tablet

Book of Crafts, Jr. K (p. 70); Richard Scarry's Mother Goose; Hailstones and Halibut Bones

Kindergarten Art Cards (p. 67); Kindergarten Enrichment; Book of Crafts, K; Music Enrichment (p. 70); Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

First Grade Art Cards (p. 67); First Grade Enrichment; First Grade Book of Crafts; Music Enrichment (p. 70); Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

Second Grade Enrichment; Second Grade Book of Crafts; Music Enrichment (p. 70); Second Grade Art Cards (p. 67); Patterns of Nature; Animals, Animals; A Child's Book of Poems

English Grammar Practice (p. 84); Introduction to English Grammar (p. 4)

Kindergarten Enrichment is used for American/Modern Studies.

First Grade Enrichment is used for American/Modern Studies.

Traditional Spelling III (p. 75); Third Grade Literature Set (p. 14); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 22)

Traditional Spelling IV (p. 75); Fourth Grade Literature Set (p. 14); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 22)

Traditional Spelling V (p. 75); Fifth Grade Literature Set (p. 16); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 22)

Spelling Workout G; Sixth Grade Literature Set (p. 16); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 22)

Latina Christiana; Latina Christiana Review Worksheets (p. 4)

First Form Latin (p. 7); Lingua Angelica I (p. 9)

Second Form Latin (p. 7)

D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths (p. 28); Timeline Program (p. 31); Golden Children's Bible; Christian Studies I (p. 37)

Famous Men of Rome (p. 28); Golden Children's Bible; Christian Studies II (p. 37)

Famous Men of the Middle Ages (p. 28); Golden Children's Bible; Christian Studies III (p. 37)

Rod & Staff Arithmetic 3 (p. 73) Rod & Staff Arithmetic 4 (p. 73)

& Staff Arithmetic 5 (p. 73)

& Staff Mathematics 6 (p. 73)

Adventures in Writing (p. 84); New American Cursive 3 (p. 78)

Classical Composition: Fable (p. 84); Copybook Cursive II (p. 79)

Classical Composition: Narrative (p. 84); Copybook Cursive III (p. 79)

Classical Composition: Chreia & Maxim (p. 84); Copybook Cursive IV (p. 79)

Mammals (p. 91)

Book of Astronomy (p. 91)

Book of Insects (p. 91)

Book of Birds (p. 91); Exploring the History of Medicine (p. 92)

Core Skills Language Arts 3; English Grammar Recitation I (p. 84) Core Skills Language Arts 4

Grammar Recitation II (p. 84)

English Grammar Recitation III (p. 84); Core Skills Language Arts 6

Spelling Workout H; Seventh Grade Literature Set (p. 16); Poetry for the Grammar Stage (p. 22)

Eighth Grade Literature Set (p. 16); Poetry & Short Stories for the Logic Stage (p. 22)

Ninth Grade Literature Set (p. 17); The British Tradition I (p. 22); Book of the Middle Ages (p. 31)

Tenth Grade Literature Set (p. 17); The British Tradition II (p. 22)

Third Form Latin (p. 7); Greek Alphabet (p. 64)

Fourth Form Latin (p. 7); Henle I (p. 10); First Form Greek (p. 65) (optional) Henle Latin II (p. 10); Latin Grammar for the Grammar Stage (p. 9); Second Form Greek (p. 65) (optional)

Mueller's Caesar (De Bello Gallico) (p. 10)

Famous Men of Greece (p. 28); Horatius at the Bridge (p. 33); Christian Studies IV (p. 37)

Book of the Ancient World & Ancient Greeks (p. 30); Iliad & Odyssey (p. 32)

Book of the Ancient Romans (p. 30); Aeneid (p. 32); Story of Christianity (p. 36)

Greek Tragedies (p. 33); History of the Early Church (p. 37)

Memoria Pre-Algebra (p. 72)

Memoria Algebra I (p. 72)

VideoText Algebra, Year Two

VideoText Geometry

Classical Composition: Refutation & Confirmation (p. 84)

Classical Composition: Common Topic (p. 84)

Classical Composition: Encomium, Invective, & Comparison (p. 84)

Classical Composition: Characterization and Description (p. 84)

Book of Trees (p. 91); Exploring the World of Biology (p. 92)

Physical Science (p. 92)

General Biology (p. 92)

General Chemistry (p. 92)

English Grammar Recitation IV (p. 84); Core Skills Language Arts 7

English Grammar Recitation V (p. 84); Core Skills Language Arts 8

Traditional Logic I & II (p. 87)

Material Logic (p. 87)

The Divine Comedy (p. 17)

Twelfth Grade Literature Set (p. 17); The British Tradition III (p. 22)

Henle Latin III (p. 10)

Vergil (p. 11)

Republic and

Obligations (p. 33); City of God (p. 37) Christian Apologetics and Introduction to Philosophy

Curriculum Manual Only $30

Second Form Latin complete set

Rod & Sta Mathematics 6 Student, Teacher (Parts 1-2), Quizzes & Speed Tests, Tests

Geography II set, including Geography I Review set

Classical Composition III: Chreia & Maxim Student, Teacher, Videos

Consumables Only $249.01 Supplemental Read-Aloud Sets also available! NEED TO CUSTOMIZE? Go to MemoriaPress.com or call 502-966-9115.

Lesson Plans for One Year

Famous Men of the Middle Ages set

English Grammar Recitation Workbook III set; Core Skills Language Arts 6 SCIENCE e Book of Birds set; Exploring the History of Medicine set

Workout G set

Studies III set; New Testament Flashcards; Copybook Cursive IV GRAMMAR

Sixth Grade Literature set

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE

Spelling Workout H set

Classical Composition IV: Refutation & Con rmation Student, Teacher, Videos

Famous Men of Greece set; Horatius at the Bridge set; e Greek Alphabet set

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE

Classical Composition V: Common Topic Student, Teacher, Videos

AMERICAN/MODERN

Geography III Text, Student, Teacher, and Classroom Atlas

Classical Core Curriculum GRADE 9

Plans for One Year Curriculum Manual Only $30 Consumables Only $192.95

e Book of the Ancient Romans set; e Aeneid set

Traditional Logic I & II complete sets

LITERATURE/POETRY

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on THREE

GOODNESS & BEAUTY FA I R Y T A LE S

by Dr. Vigen Guroian

When I decided to write a second, expanded edition of Tending the Heart of Virtue: How Classic Stories Awaken a Child’s Moral Imagination, my thoughts went through many iterations of the stories I might discuss in three new chapters. I could not include all the stories that came to mind. But I found room to briefly discuss several of them in the Bibliographical Essay at the end of the book. Here below are my thoughts about three of those stories, two concerning beauty and a third about goodness.

SNOW WHITE

In "Snow White," the Grimms' interest in beauty is in its relation to morality and the distinction we draw between good and evil. The Grimms describe the stepmother as "beautiful" with the qualifier that she also is "proud and haughty." Her arrogance, cruelty, and wickedness contrast with Snow White's innocence, humility, and goodness. The stepmother's competition with Snow White over who is the more beautiful is hard to forget. The repetition of the stepmother's question "Who is the fairest of all?" has become a kind of signature of the story.

Yet the envy and rage of the stepmother when at last the mirror declares Snow White to be "a thousand times more fair" than her is not the end of it. We must ask ourselves the question: How is Snow White a thousand times more fair than the stepmother? The answer is that her beauty is pure, without pride or envy of anyone else. The evil queen will not rest until she has done away with Snow White. She will not allow Snow White to thrive no matter how far removed the younger woman is from her presence. And thus we come to the symbolical three temptations that the stepmother queen contrives in order to snuff out Snow White's life. Famously, the queen succeeds in her third try with the offer of an apple, reminiscent of the biblical story of the temptation to which Adam and Eve succumbed.

The temptations that the queen stepmother contrives are conceived to make Snow White more like herself. This is ironical and makes her attempts to destroy Snow White's innocence and unaffected beauty more complex than they may seem at first. The first of the wares that the disguised queen offers

Dr. Vigen Guroian is Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies in Orthodox Christianity at the University of Virginia. This article is excerpted from Tending the Heart of Virtue: How Classic Stories Awaken a Child's Moral Imagination, Second Edition by Vigen Guroian. Copyright © 2023 by Vigen Guroian and published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

to Snow White are colorful stay laces. When these laces fail to press the breath out of Snow White, the queen returns with a poisoned comb. Both of these items, the stay laces and the comb, are women's accessories for beautification. The queen counts on the lure of a superficial, false beauty to corrupt and kill Snow White. The queen initially had ordered the huntsman to kill Snow White and bring the young girl's innocent heart to her in order that she might consume it. ow she seeks to corrupt that heart. Snow White falls for the queen's first two tricks, accepting the gift of the stay laces and then the comb. It is only by chance that the dwarfs twice find Snow White early enough to save her.

The third gift, an apple, is a subtler subterfuge, though it too is centered in beauty. It is made in the image of Snow White herself, whose skin is white as snow and whose cheeks are red as blood. The poison apple the queen concocts is "beautiful-white with red cheeks." She intends that it draw out of Snow White a latent narcissism. And indeed, the apple catches Snow White's eye: "Snow White was eager to eat the beautiful apple." The queen gives the red poisonous portion of the apple to Snow White and consumes the harmless white half herself. This ruse also works.

Snow White feels "a craving for the beautiful apple." This is not just a hunger of the stomach. It reaches to the heart and can corrupt it. As we know, all ends well: Snow White is protected not just by the dwarfs but by forces of goodness stronger than the evil of the queen.

THE BELL

I want also to mention a lovely story in Hans Christian Andersen's corpus, titled simply "The Bell." In it Andersen approaches beauty from another perspective. This story concerns a bell that is very far away yet whose sound reaches even the ears of the busy denizens of the city. The bell itself and where it might be, however, remain a mystery. Curiously, the farther one gets from the city the more distinct the beautiful sound of the bell is. The question is whether physical distance alone explains the phenomenon or whether the bell's increased audibility should be credited to the reduction in distractions that removal from urban life allows. "On the outskirts of the city, where the houses were farther away from each other and had gardens around them … the sunset was much more beautiful and the sound of the bell much louder."

The romantic aversion to cluttered and hurried urban life is clear. So too is the romantic belief that the urban shuts out natural beauty.

But the lesson of the story is deeper, more profound, and more spiritual than that. When the city dwellers are drawn out of their surroundings to search for the bell, though most do not get very far, they become either discouraged or seize the opportunity for commercial profit. Rich and poor come upon some weeping willows at the edge of the woods and mistake them for the woods itself. Two bakers set up shop and the business is good. One baker even hangs a bell in his tent, but it is "tarred on the outside to protect it from the rain" and has "no tongue." This bell is an emblem of how commercialism and consumerism can quell the love of true beauty.

On a beautiful Sunday a group of children, who have just been confirmed, set out from church to find the bell. Only two, however, go so far as the point at which the forest becomes a garden where beautiful things grow. We follow the course of just one of these boys, however. He is the son of a king. He reaches the sea when the sun is setting, like a shining red altar standing "where sea and sky meet." The other boy is a poor youth. He takes a different, more difficult path than the son of a king, going through "the densest part of the forest, where brambles and thorns" grow that tear and scratch. Yet he too reaches the same clifftop overlooking the ocean and the setting sun. On this spot the "great invisible holy bell" sounds "in loud hosanna"; all of nature is "a great cathedral." The flowers form its "mosaic floors, the tall trees and the swaying clouds its pillars and heaven itself the dome." Though nature exhibits a native beauty, even this beauty points to, participates in, a transcendent beauty. One important lesson of the story is that beauty avails itself to rich and poor alike. Though for the poor the way may be more difficult, the reward is no less great.

dies soon after his birth, and when his father not long afterward also passes away, Prince Dolor's uncle, the Prince Regent, declares that the child has died and makes himself king. But this is a lie. Prince Dolor is sent secretly into a lonely exile far away in a desolate region named omansland. There he lives, captive in a high tower with just a nurse to care for him.

Prince Dolor has a magical godmother, however, who gives him the gift of a magic cloak that will fly him wherever he wishes to go. The boy does not know he is a captive or that he is the rightful heir to the throne, and learns to live a solitary existence without complaint, books his only companions.

For a long time, Prince Dolor does not make use of his fairy godmother's magic cloak. When, however, he reads about places beyond his tower-top prison, he begins to wonder how it would be to live in those places, and he sets off to see them. He discovers a wide, wondrous world beyond his imaginings. Aware that he is a prince, he begins to wonder whether he mightn't also be a king one day. Eventually he asks his nurse about this, and she informs him of his rightful claim to the royal throne.

When his uncle dies the realm descends into revolution and tumult. Prince Dolor's nurse boldly takes the initiative and with the help of others spreads the word that the prince is alive. "The country, weary perhaps of the late King's harsh rule, and yet glad to save itself from the horrors" that have come upon it, embraces Prince Dolor. And so he rules for many years, both temperately and justly, and is loved by all of his subjects.

THE LITTLE LAME PRINCE

AND HIS TRAVELLING-CLOAK

This story by Dinah Maria Mulock Craik is about the son of a king who in infancy is dropped by his nurse and injured so severely that his legs grow malformed and he cannot stand or walk. His mother

Prince Dolor was loved, "first because, accepting his affliction as inevitable, he took it patiently; secondly because, being a brave man, he bore it bravely, trying to forget himself, and live out of himself, and in and for the other people." This is a description of a saint. And that is why I believe the story is so powerful. Today our children need exemplars such as this, heroes of humility forged in the furnace of personal affliction and suffering.

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Exploring America's Musical Heritage: rough Art, Literature, and Culture

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Here you will nd a description and explanation of how Christians have worshiped God in song for over a millennium. In addition to the sheer beauty of the songs themselves, you will learn how musical notation developed, who the great Christian composers were, and how historical circumstances a ected the musical worship of the Church. DVDs include musical performances and Professor Carol's unparalleled commentary.

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A Classical History of Art

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In A Classical History of Art, the timeless qualities of Greek expression inform a succinct and cohesive survey of 5,000 years of Western art. From the prehistoric period to the beginning of modern art, this study demonstrates the signi cance of classical values in the development of the sculpture, architecture, and painting of the West. Focused on cultivating fruitful and revelatory discussion, this curriculum presents the features, terms, and pertinent discussion questions of each major period, supplemented by close analysis of major works, lessons in visual composition, master copy drawing assignments, and 80 color ashcards. In the instructional videos, Kyle Janke walks your student through the course in twelve lessons, with lectures and thoughtful discussion points that complement and supplement the student text. For the educator, student, or curious individual, this course will produce the ardent and enlightening dialogue necessary to direct our interactions with great art.

Students will begin with color theory and basic art techniques. They will create projects that relate to literature, science, Mesopotamian and Egyptian art, portraits, landscapes, still life, and much more!

10 Classical Music Pieces Everyone Should Know

by Dr. Carol Reynolds

When the call came to contribute a "listicle" to this issue of The Classical Teacher, I did not shrink from the task (despite having never heard the word before). My first thought was: "That should be easy."

It has not been. The first difficulty in compiling a list of top ten compositions stems from the need to answer three questions: Which body of repertoire will be considered, for what age listener, and to what purpose? Beyond this problem, the sheer number of compositions possible to consider is nothing short of overwhelming.

Consider the fact that Charles Dickens wrote fifteen novels, Jane Austen completed six, and Tolstoy three, two of which forge his formidable reputation. Ludwig van Beethoven, on the other hand, created more than seven hundred compositions. Of these, a good hundred are excellent. At least sixty are acknowledged masterpieces, groundbreaking and endlessly rewarding to hear, starting with all nine symphonies, two-thirds of his thirty-one piano sonatas, most of his sixteen string quartets, his single opera (with its four overtures), the choral masterwork Missa Solemnis, all five of his piano concertos, his violin concerto, the "triple-concerto" (piano, violin, cello, and orchestra), sublime works like the "Archduke" Trio for violin, cello, and piano, the spectacular "Kreu er" Sonata for violin and piano, as well as two phenomenal sets of piano variations known as the Eroica Variations and the Diabelli Variations. Selecting top titles from Beethoven's oeuvre alone is nigh impossible.

Where does that leave the list maker who faces the rest of the repertoire? Which pieces to choose from the riches of J. S. Bach, Handel, Mozart, Brahms, Mendelssohn, Prokofiev, Rachmaninov, Mahler, Ravel, Stravinsky, and Gershwin? How does the cavalcade of incomparable operas by Mozart, Rossini, Donizetti, Wagner, Verdi, or Puccini figure into the list? Can oratorios be tossed into the mix? Ballets? Finally, should the list maker consider pieces from our great American songbook or the exemplary heritage of our American musicals? (Dare I also mention jazz?) Finally, should the list seek to reinforce musical tastes or open up new worlds?

With these concerns unresolved, I threw caution to the wind and here present a selection of pieces that I just plain love and recommend unabashedly. Each is excellent in structure and content, delightful or engaging to hear, and accessible to anyone seeking to enjoy our Western musical heritage. Perforce, the pieces are numbered, but think of them as a revolving circle and start where you please.

1. Maurice Ravel, Piano Concerto No. 1 in G Major, 1931

A pianist, Ravel (famous for Bolero) left a spectacular legacy of works, many for piano and all intricately crafted. This three-movement concerto abounds in

contrasts. Its first movement sparkles with an energy broken only by beguiling melodies and the jazzy whirlwind of its conclusion; the second movement presents a pattern of hypnotic chords that undergirds a melody soaring with longing (prepare for tears); like the crack of a whip, the third movement explodes with sharp themes and driving rhythms.

2. Peter Tchaikovsky, Symphony No. 4 in F Minor, Opus 36, 1878

From its opening trumpet blast until its triumphant ending, this symphony overflows with heartbreaking lyricism, powerful sweeps of strings, compelling dance rhythms, and noble passages of triumph. Perfectly classical in form, the piece overflows with luxurious Romanticism in the style of Tchaikovsky's ballets Sleeping Beauty, Swan Lake, and Nutcracker.

3. Franz Schubert, Erlkönig (Elf King), 1815

Erlkönig, arguably the greatest song in the Western repertoire, sets a ballad by the great German bard Johann von Goethe. An agonized father, racing with his dying boy for help, counters the boy's fevered hallucinations as death lures him, first charmingly, then forcefully. The father comforts in vain and the child succumbs. Many composers have set this fabulous poem, but Schubert's bone-chilling rendition towers above them all.

4. Johann Sebastian Bach, Concerto in D Minor, BWV 1052, c. 1734

Highlighting the dynamic possibilities of solo keyboardist and orchestral ensemble, this lively concerto capitalizes on every tonal color and dramatic gesture known in Bach's day. Its forceful opening theme, built in a technique called fortspinnung (spinning-forth), can set the heart on fire. The slow middle movement proceeds hesitantly, with elegance. The final movement provides a furious, yet highly controlled, voyage through virtuosic techniques of the Baroque era.

5. Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 3 in E Major, Opus 55, 1802

Despite the popularity of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, the third symphony is arguably his finest. In it, Beethoven greatly stretches the thematic and harmonic parameters of classical form while knitting its material together with a dramatic intensity hitherto unheard. Each movement is innovative, distinct, and masterful. The symphony has strong associations with the Napoleonic era that caused chaos across Europe during this period.

6. Claudio Monteverdi, Orfeo, 1607

The earliest operatic work still performed on modern stages, Orfeo marks the exact point when the highly

developed Renaissance style of intertwined vocal lines (polyphony) yielded to the new taste for stark, singleline melody, supported by simple harmonies (monody). In pursuit of a burgeoning desire to revive classical Greek drama, Monteverdi and poet Alessandro Striggio (librettist) used the archetypal story of Orpheus and Eurydice to mix the elegance of sophisticated madrigalstyle with the narrative dynamism of the new recitative, all enhanced by dance and pageantry.

7. Gioachino Rossini, Cenerentola (Cinderella), 1815

Although Mozart's Marriage of Figaro and Rossini's Barber of Seville are better known, Rossini's rendition of the Cinderella story will win hearts and afford even an unwilling listener a positive encounter with the all-important genre of opera. Ever-lyrical, funny, and charming, Cenerentola retells a version of the archetypal story determined not by a magical godmother, but by the humanity and forgiveness of the characters. The mezzosoprano register accorded the character of Cinderella adds surprising gravity to the role.

8. Robert Schumann, Carnaval, Opus 9, 1834-35

Consisting of twenty-one vignettes for the piano, this masterful piano cycle presents a kaleidoscope of characters and themes as would be found in traditional European Carnival celebrations (the "Mardi-Gras" season preceding Lent). Interwoven are musical portraits of Schumann's friends and two autobiographical portraits of the composer. The vigorous opening and closing sections bookmark the colorful scenes within this programmatic tour de force.

9. Ralph Vaughan Williams, The Lark Ascending, 1914/1920

A crystalline orchestral tone poem written originally for violin and piano, this work takes the listener into a magical world of beauty. Subtitled "Romance" by the composer, the short piece flows with precious melodies, soft string textures, and the sense of a lark—our hopes—rising above the morning mist.

10. Sergei Proko ev, Romeo and Juliet, 1935

Seeing this ballet live is ideal. Fortunately, excellent performances are available on DVD and through streaming. Yet, even without staging, the listener can follow Prokofiev's narration of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet through vivid orchestral color, infectious rhythms, and tender melodies. The "Dance of the Knights" (opening of the fateful ball) has become something of a pop hit—and for good reason!

Dr. Carol Reynolds is a widely acclaimed author, speaker, and educator. She regularly leads arts tours throughout Europe and the Mediterranean, recently in partnership with the Smithsonian Institute.

Primary Enrichment

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Character Building

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Wall Charts (11" x 8 ½")

$17.90 | Flashcards (5 ½" × 4 ¼") $11.85

Be respectful, listen carefully, look for opportunities to include others, chew with your mouth closed—these simple, thoughtful guidelines for good manners are a great aid for your classroom or homeschool. ere are 36 manners, one for each week of your school year. Each week, hang up the wall chart as a helpful visual aid and use the short explanations and examples on the ashcards to discuss proper behavior at the dinner table, around the home, and out in public.

Myself & Others

Lessons for Social Understanding, Habits, & Manners by Cheryl

Swope

Ages 4-13

Guide Books $21.60 ea.

Book One Core Set $60.38

Book One Read-Aloud Set $108.90

Book Two Core Set $23.93

Book Two Read-Aloud Set $107.83

Book ree Core Set $61.17

Book Four Core Set $54.69

Music Enrichment

Classical Core Curriculum supplement

Grades K-2

$15.10

Music Enrichment goes into more detail about each song studied in our Enrichment Guides, including a short backstory on each song and its composer, as well as a few interesting facts and discussion questions. Purchase of this book also includes links to playlists so you can listen to good recordings of each piece.

Kindergarten Morning Work

Grade K

$17.35

Kindergarten Morning Work is designed to practice quick recall of concepts already taught in the Kindergarten Curriculum. It purposefully does not introduce new concepts, but allows young students to build con dence and gives teachers the opportunity to gauge mastery. Two days a week students will review penmanship, phonics, color words, number awareness, and the manner of the week.

Cut & Paste Book

Grade K

$7.10

Fine-motor skills are critical for primary students to master. We have paired this Cut & Paste Book with our kindergarten phonics and reading program so that students can practice their scissors skills, using glue, and tracing letters while working on mastery of beginning phonics sounds. e pages are in the same order that students study the alphabet in First Start Reading, with additional pages for the h-consonant teams of sh, th, ch, and wh as they are introduced.

Scissors Books

Recommended for Ages 3-5

My Very First Scissors Book $7.10

My Very Own Scissors Book $7.10

Help your student develop hand strength, ne-motor skills, and independence with one or both of these books.

Math

Memoria Math Challenge

Levels A-C | Grades K-2 | Student $19.35-$19.95 ea. | Teacher $6.20 ea. With daily timed drills, Memoria Math Challenge is designed to give students the necessary practice to master basic math facts. We start with addition, subtraction, and number dictation in kindergarten, and ramp up to 200 daily problems by the end of rst grade. If students are able to master their math facts in the primary years, they can devote more time to complex math operations in grammar school and upper school. Student Drills are on 3-hole-punched loose-leaf paper to make it easy for you to store and copy.

Arithmetic Flashcards

Addition & Subtraction,

0 to 18 | (6" x 4")

$11.85

Memoria Pre-Algebra and Algebra I

Grades 7+

Multiplication Flashcards

0 to 12

(6" x 4")

$11.85

$140.00 Memoria Pre-Algebra set (text, teacher, solutions key, quizzes & tests, instructional videos) Student Text $35.00 | Teacher Manual $35.00 | Solutions Key (Student Text, Quizzes, & Tests) $30.00 Quizzes & Tests $20.00 | Instructional Videos $55.00

$164.00 Memoria Algebra I set (text, teacher, solutions key, quizzes & tests, instructional videos)

Student Text $45.00 | Teacher Manual $45.00 | Solutions Key (Student Text, Quizzes, & Tests) $40.00 Quizzes & Tests $20.00 | Instructional Videos $55.00

e Memoria Algebra Series covers the mathematical discipline of algebra in three books, beginning with Memoria Pre-Algebra. Transition seamlessly from arithmetic to the rst principles of algebra in this exhaustive and logically sequenced program that fosters mastery rather than frustration. Memoria Algebra I picks up right where Pre-Algebra leaves o , starting with rst-degree relations with two and three variables and moving on to higher-degree and rational relations.

Division Flashcards

0 to 12

(6" x 4")

$11.85

Based on the beloved VideoText program, this updated and expanded series features a comprehensive Student Text and optional Instructional Videos that guide students step by step through each lesson and provide abundant exercises for mastery. e Teacher Manual and complete Solutions Key make the content accessible for those without an advanced background in mathematics. e Quizzes & Tests include two versions of each assessment for practice and repeated attempts.

Coming Soon: Memoria Algebra II!

Still need original VideoText? Buy at MemoriaPress.com!

Rod & Sta Arithmetic

Rod & Sta Math books teach your student number facts and arithmetic skills to mastery using clear, uncluttered lessons and plenty of drill practice.

Grade 1 Arithmetic (3rd Ed.)

Student Part 1

$7.50 | Student Part 2 $7.50

Practice Sheets $18.50

Teacher Manual $22.95

Speed Drills $5.50

Grade 2 Arithmetic (3rd Ed.)

Student Unit 1 $7.50 | Student Unit 2 $7.50

Student Unit 3 $7.50 | Student Unit 4 $7.50

Practice Sheets 1 $8.50 | Practice Sheets 2 $8.50

Supplemental Pack $1.95 | Teacher Manual Units 1-2 $13.75

Teacher Manual Units 3-4 $13.75

Grade 3 Arithmetic (3rd Ed.)

Student $14.50

Teacher Manual Part 1 $13.75

Teacher Manual Part 2 $13.75

Practice Sheets $4.50

Tests $2.50

Alphabet, Numbers, & Coloring

Alphabet Flashcards

(4¼'' x 5½")

$11.85

Alphabet Book Part One & Part Two

by Leigh Lowe

Recommended for Ages 4-5

$34.70 set (2 books)

Teaches letter recognition, letter formation, and pencil grip. is is a gentle introduction to phonics.

Numbers Book Part One & Part Two

by Leigh Lowe

Recommended for Kindergarten

$34.70 set (2 books)

Continued practice with numbers, counting, and patterns for the kindergarten student who is ready to move beyond simple tracing. is a nice supplement to any kindergarten math program.

Grade 4 Arithmetic

Student $16.50 | Speed Drill Packet $9.50

Teacher Manual Part 1 $13.25

Teacher Manual Part 2 $13.25

Tests $2.75 | Speed Drills $5.50

Grade 5 Arithmetic

Student $16.50

Teacher Manual Part 1 $13.25

Teacher Manual Part 2 $13.25

Tests $2.75 | Speed Drills $5.50

Grade 6 Mathematics

Student $15.95

Teacher Manual Part 1 $13.25

Teacher Manual Part 2 $13.25

Tests $2.50 | Quizzes and Speed Tests $4.75

Deck contains one card for each letter of the alphabet. Each card has the upper- and lowercase letter on one side and a simple illustration on the ip side that allows practice with the beginning letter sound.

Numbers & Colors

Recommended for Ages 4-5

$17.35

is book introduces each number through 15 and color words with tracing and coloring activities.

Coloring Books

Recommended for Ages 4-5

Alphabet $7.10

Numbers $7.10

Practice number and letter recognition while developing ne-motor and coloring skills.

See also: Alphabet Wall Charts and Alphabet Wall Poster (p. 79)

Phonics & Reading

First Start Reading: Phonics, Reading, & Printing

by Cheryl Lowe | Grade K

$54.20 set (Books A-D + Teacher Guide)

Student Books (A-D) $8.15 ea.

Teacher Guide for Books A-D $21.60

FSR is a balanced, age-appropriate approach to phonics and reading, with a serious focus on correct pencil grip and letter formation. e program uses the traditional (vowel-consonant) approach to phonics combined with word families. e FSR kindergarten program consists of 4 student books with artist-drawn pictures to color, drawing pages for each letter or phonogram, and over 40 stories. e Teacher Guide leads you through the program and provides helpful assessments and teaching tips.

Kindergarten Phonics & Reading Set

Grade K | $273.40 set

Everything you need to teach your student to read uently, including lesson plans!

Classical Phonics

by Cheryl Lowe

Grades K-2 | $20.05

ese phonetically arranged word lists require students to rely on their mastery of letter sounds. Coordinates with First Start Reading, or is a good supplement to any phonics program.

Kindergarten Phonics Supplemental Workbook

by Amber Wheat | Grade K | $17.35

Designed to be used in conjunction with First Start Reading to reinforce the phonetic concepts learned each week.

Manuscript Practice Sheets

by Amber Wheat | Grade K | $16.80

Provides the extra practice needed to master manuscript printing. Correlates with the letter students are working on in First Start Reading.

Kindergarten Phonics & Reading Streaming Instructional Videos

$55.00

Let primary specialist Michelle Tefertiller teach your students how to read! ese streaming videos use all the books in the Kindergarten Phonics & Reading Set.

First Start Reading Storybooks A-E

by Cheryl Lowe

Grades K-1

$8.15-$10.85 ea.

ese Storybooks feature the same targeted phonetic stories found in First Start Reading, with beautifully illustrated black and white pictures to help students stay engaged as they read.

First

Start Reading, Book E by Michelle Tefertiller | Grade 1

Student Book E $8.15

Teacher Guide for Book E $11.85

We complete our phonics for reading program at the beginning of rst grade with First Start Reading Book E, which includes long vowel teams, sounds of soft c and g, and the three sounds of y

Phonics Flashcards

Grades K-2

(4¼'' x 5½")

$27.00

Flashcards for the nearly 200 phonograms used to spell the 44 sounds of the English language.

100 Days of Summer Reading Books I-III

Grades K-2 | $9.25 ea.

Reading is a subject that should continue through the summer to avoid regression.

ese summer reading journals are a perfect way to encourage young children to continue working on reading uency. e font size gets smaller for each journal, and each page is divided in half for drawing and writing small summaries. Kindergarten has the unique goal of reading a book a day for 100 days!

Easy Reader Classics

Grades K-2

$67.50 set (18 books) | $3.95 ea.

Classic stories from e Jungle Book, e Wind in the Willows, Tom Sawyer, and Doctor Dolittle have been adapted in these early readers so young children can read good stories on their level.

Phonics from A to Z

$37.99

A manual for teachers who want to go deeper into the subject of phonics and reading.

Teaching Phonics & Word Study

$33.99

An excellent phonics resource for grammar school teachers.

Traditional Spelling I-V

by Cheryl Lowe | Grades 1-5

$105.90 I set

(student, teacher, practice sheets, instructional videos, supplemental workbook, supplemental workbook key)

$41.95 II set

(student, teacher, practice sheets, supplemental workbook, supplemental workbook key)

$44.95 III set (student, teacher, practice sheets)

$36.06 IV & V set ea. (student, teacher)

Student $17.90 ea. | Teacher $20.05 ea.

Practice Sheets (I-III only) $6.20 ea.

Supplemental Workbook (I & II only) $9.25 ea.

Supplemental Workbook Key (I & II only) $9.25 ea.

Instructional Videos (I only) $55.00 is comprehensive, phonetic approach to teaching spelling is the culmination of our phonics program. Once students have mastered reading "consonant-vowelconsonant" words with short vowels in kindergarten they are ready to begin a spelling program. Traditional Spelling is the perfect next step toward reading uency. Traditional Spelling provides students with an extensive mastery-based study of phonics. Lessons feature a variety of phonetic activities that utilize each week's spelling words, including writing and oral dictation practice, crossword puzzles, color-coded phonogram activities, short stories or riddles on the student's reading level, and Greek and Latin root word exercises.

Traditional Spelling I Instructional Videos

with instructor Julia Lasoi

Grade 1

$55.00

Master primary school teacher Julia Lasoi welcomes you and your first grader to Traditional Spelling I ! Watch alongside your student as Mrs. Lasoi teaches clear, interactive lessons with gentle encouragement. Mrs. Lasoi gives two hours of instruction over three days, including a brief Teacher Talk at the beginning of each week that will prepare you for the parent-led activities on days four and five, which are scheduled out in the Traditional Spelling I Teacher Manual

21 TIPS FOR TEACHING STUDENTS WITH LEARNING CHALLENGES

by Cheryl Swope

Children with learning challenges often require more intentional thought and attention at home or in school. These twenty-one reminders can serve all of us no matter the educational setting.

1. Be Active

Teach in short bursts, alternating between physical activities and seated activities. Low muscle tone or distracted minds can lead to fatigue. Provide movement or snack breaks to prepare students for the next activity.

2. Be Brief

Communicate your instructions clearly and speak concisely. Shorten assignments. Work toward stepby-step accomplishments. End on success.

3. Be Concrete

Ask Who?, What?, When?, and Where? questions with visual cues. Allow more advanced students to answer How? and Why? questions. Discuss responses with manipulatives or illustrations to nudge students toward more abstract pondering.

4. Be Demonstrating

then teach new material, provide examples, and then furnish sufficient practice with cumulative review to improve recall and mastery.

7. Be Giving

Teaching a student with challenges is a matter of love and of art. As you learn the child's needs, share tips with other caregivers, teachers, and therapists just as you embrace effective tips from them. Give generously also to your student in unexpected moments, such as a heartto-heart talk after social difficulties, a warm smile, a hearty congratulations, or a hand massage after extensive writing.

Use money, objects, and playacting. Show with real apples: "Sarah has three apples. She gives two away." Role play, illustrate, or demonstrate the actions within narrative language or word problems. Assign fewer practice items if needed to allow extra time for demonstrations.

5. Be Engaging

Link personal interests to the topic whenever possible to promote attention. Include the student's first and last names for speech articulation practice, in penmanship or sentence writing, and in story problem examples.

6. Be Foolproof

"One-and-done" is not the expected amount of instruction for students with intellectual disability or other learning challenges. Review before teaching,

8.

Be Health-Oriented

Respect dietary, olfactory, or allergic sensitivities and difficulties with impulse control. Secure edible, poisonous, or sharp items to provide safe boundaries. Know and anticipate a student's temptations. Give space for movement, and pad edges or corners of furniture. Review and update notes regarding the student's physical and medical challenges.

9. Be Incremental

Give the "big picture" but also break lessons down into small steps, whether shoe-tying or long division. Encourage mastery before introducing next steps and review mastered steps as they become integrated into the whole.

10. Be Judicious

Give encouragement to students who need it, but avoid indulging with reward or praise for minimal effort. Expect students to rise to the standard of becoming increasingly diligent, thoughtful, and self-controlled.

11. Be Kind

Watch how you respond to a struggling child. The child himself—and any child overhearing—will witness how you react. When handled with kindness, such moments can encourage students to imitate gentleness.

12. Be Lasting

Whether you teach one hour a week or every hour of every school day, remember the lasting impact of overcoming your own resentment, trials, and inconveniences to give a student formative nourishment for body and soul.

13. Be Masterful

When possible, craft the day as you would a work of art. This may require periods of rising early or reflecting late. Whenever you fall short, refresh, recover, and begin again.

14. Be Need-Aware

Provide time in your school day to teach the necessities, such as putting on and tying shoes, washing hands, eating neatly, using a napkin, speaking politely, and other daily needs. Allow a few moments for purposeful calming and a focused time for quiet work.

15. Be Observant

Notice early signs of the need to become more vigilant or more flexible, more matter-of-fact or more compassionate, more directive or more relaxed. Observation with prevention will be more effective than relying on unplanned reactions.

16. Be Persistent

Do not give up. Teaching takes time. For example, reading cannot be reduced to memorization of sight words, so persevere with phonics instruction and practice. Sometimes as the child matures and as instruction bears fruit, lessons become easier to grasp. Your faithful persistence fosters the student's habits of diligence.

17. Be Questioning

Ask the student to show or paraphrase your instructions. Pause to ask simple "repeat-back"

questions during your lesson to ensure attention and understanding. Use simple recitation to accustom students to a question-answer format for both pragmatic and academic language.

18. Be Reasonable

Set expectations to expand rather than outstrip the student's capabilities. Reasonable requests respect honest struggles and engender willingness to persist in the effort.

19. Be Supportive

Consult physical and occupational therapists for seating or writing support such as a slant board, sloped desk, foot wedge, textured cushion, mini whiteboard, weighted vest, or other physical and therapeutic aids.

20. Be Transition-Minded

Assist students with transitions. Post picture schedules with clear left-to-right or top-to-bottom sequences. Overview these. Use the same words "first, next, then, last" each time to impart predictable order and to promote smooth, consistent routines.

21. Be Undaunted

Teaching a student with learning challenges can be daunting, but preparation will assist your days. Devote time to preparing your lessons, enlarging print from workbooks, designing long-lasting flip charts to accompany review or recitations, or mounting a wall number line for demonstrations. Most of all, remember that you are more qualified than you think. Obtain help where needed but be undaunted, if only because of your love for the student. In the words of St. John of Salisbury, "Such attachments are of great assistance to study, for pupils are glad to listen to those whom they love."

Cheryl Swope is the author of Simply Classical: A Beautiful Education for Any Child and Memoria Press' Simply Classical Curriculum, as well as editor of the Simply Classical Journal

Choose from:

New American Cursive 1

New American Cursive 2: Scripture & Famous Quotations

New American Cursive 2: Quotations from Famous Americans

New American Cursive 3: Scripture & Lessons on Manners

New American Cursive 3: Famous Quotes & Lessons on Manners

New American Cursive by Iris Hat eld

Grades 1+ | $25.75 ea.

e New American Cursive (NAC) penmanship program is an easy-to-follow resource for learning cursive. Simpli ed letter forms and clear instructions teach your student to write in a fast, legible script. Developed by Iris Hat eld, an educator with 35 years of experience in the handwriting eld, the workbooks improve the process of teaching handwriting and allow students to start at a younger age.

In NAC 1, learn how to form each letter, step by step, with clear starting dots and direction arrows. Correct pencil grip, paper position, and posture are illustrated throughout. Fifteen minutes of workbook practice a day is all it takes! NAC 2 will continue to teach correct letter forms and how to easily connect each letter. Proper size, spacing, and slant are emphasized in 125 instructional exercises. In NAC 3 you will further enhance cursive skills by practicing your best handwriting while learning about manners and correspondence protocol.

Teach Yourself Cursive

by Iris Hat

eld

Grade 5-Adult | $25.75

Whether you are a beginning older student or are ne-tuning your penmanship later in life, these self-guided lessons make learning cursive a pleasure. Practice just 15 minutes a day to get remarkable results.

Penmanship Practice with Wisdom Scriptures

by Iris Hat

eld

Grades 3+

$14.05

Startwrite CD

$29.95

Create customizable worksheets in the New American Cursive font to integrate handwriting practice with any subject. Digital download also available. (Windows only)

is easy-to-use supplemental resource for mastering a legible, attractive cursive enhances the pleasure of writing by practicing a di erent, inspiring wisdom Scripture verse each day. It also includes 50 helpful penmanship tips to improve cursive skills.

New American Cursive Teaching Charts

by Iris Hat eld and Tara Luse

Grades 1+ | $17.90

e New American Cursive Teaching Charts make great visual aids for the home or classroom. e charts feature letter illustrations for the entire cursive alphabet along with copy words. ese charts make an excellent supplement to the New American Cursive program.

Copybooks I-III

by Cheryl & Leigh Lowe Grades K-2

$45.36 set (Copybooks I-III)

$16.80 ea.

Copybooks include memory passages, copybook exercises, and drawing pages, incorporating Scripture from the King James Bible and classic children's poems.

Copybook Cursive I-IV

(New American Cursive font)

Grades 1-6 | $16.80 ea.

Copybook Cursive I is perfect for second graders alongside NAC 2 or older students needing more practice.

Copybook Cursive II includes Scripture passages from Christian Studies I, the 15 brightest stars from Astronomy, and the major gods from D'Aulaires' Greek Myths. In Copybook Cursive III, students practice their penmanship with beautiful memory passages from Christian Studies II e college-ruled lines of Copybook Cursive IV are perfect for older students honing their penmanship with the Scripture passages from Christian Studies III

Cursive

Ages 6+

$16.80 ea.

Composition & Sketchbooks I-III

Grades K-6

$9.75 ea.

I: 5/8" Ruled for Younger Students

II: 1/2" Ruled for 1st-2nd Grade Students

III: College-Ruled for Older Students

Our Composition & Sketchbooks allow each student to write and illustrate compositions.

Summer Cursive

Grades 1-2

$16.80

is workbook is designed as summer practice for rising second graders who have completed New American Cursive 1. It is arranged in lessons to be completed three times a week during the summer.

Practice Sheets I-III (New American Cursive font)

Our Cursive Practice Sheets include pages for practicing each cursive letter, Scripture copywork, and blank practice sheets. Book I is a good companion to NAC 1, Book II is extra practice for NAC 2, and Book III is wide-ruled for any older student who needs more practice.

Penmanship Supplements

Alphabet Wall Charts

Available in Manuscript (blue) or Cursive (green) (11'' x 17'') | $17.90 ea.

ese visual aids reinforce each letter of the alphabet while young students learn to read and write or practice their penmanship. Each illustration is hand-drawn. e cursive charts use the New American Cursive font.

My ankfulness Journals

(New American Cursive font) by Cheryl Swope

Ages 6-12 (chronological age or skill level)

Beginner or Intermediate $9.75 ea. ese journals let students practice cursive while thinking about God's daily blessings in their lives. e Intermediate Journal has a smaller font size and less tracing.

My Nature Journal by Cheryl Swope

Ages 4-11

$10.30

Savor small moments of wonder with your child as he learns the simple beauty of nature. is book can stand alone as a delightful supplement to any program.

Aesop Copybooks

by Cheryl Swope

Ages 9+

Aesop Copybook, Cursive $10.30

Aesop Copybook, Manuscript $10.30

Aesop's Fables $14.99

e Aesop Copybook is a lovely companion to Aesop’s Fables . It will strengthen your student's writing and composition skills while giving the opportunity to contemplate the timeless wisdom of Aesop's fables and learn from the gentle moral instruction they provide.

Alphabet Wall Poster

Manuscript and New American Cursive (22'' x 34'') | $8.15 is poster lists the entire alphabet in manuscript and cursive. It is the perfect resource if you don't have the space for our Alphabet Wall Charts

rior to a discussion of poems everyone should know, it would be good to ensure that everyone knows the meaning of the word "poem." It derives from ancient Greek and means "a thing that is made or created." A poet is one who makes or creates a thing, and poiesis is the act that brings the thing into being. In this original and broadest sense of the word, we can say that God, the Creator, is the primal Poet who brings things into being ex nihilo, from nothing. We are lesser or secondary poets who bring things into being from other things that already exist. This is why J. R. R. Tolkien distinguished between God's creation and human sub-creation.

In the primal sense, we can say that all creatures are poems because they are things made or created. A sunrise is a poem; trees are poems; we are poems. We can also say that all things made by men using the faculty of the creative imagination are poems. A cathedral is a poem; an orchestral score is a poem; a painting is a poem.

Having grasped the meaning of poetry in its rooted or radical sense, we can proceed to a discussion of poems in the literary sense.

The great Greek philosopher Aristotle divided literary poetry into three broad categories: the epic, the dramatic, and the lyrical. I will propose five poems from each of these categories that everyone should know. Furthermore, each list of five poems will be ordered chronologically.

The five epic poems that everyone should know are the Iliad, the Odyssey, the Aeneid, Beowulf, and the Divine Comedy

Homer's two great epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are foundational to Western civilization. The first tells of Achilles' prideful anger and its destructiveness, but also of the will of god (Zeus), which is accomplished in his providence despite the best laid schemes of lesser gods, demigods, and men. The latter tells of Odysseus' efforts to return home from the siege of Troy and the moral lessons he learns along the way— not least of which is the need to revere the gods with humility. The key to understanding the Odyssey is found in eus' claim that most of the sufferings of men are caused by their own recklessness, but that some suffering is given by the gods as a gift.

Virgil's great epic, the Aeneid, offers a creative spin on Homer's epics. In Virgil's version, he imagines that the Trojan warrior, Aeneas, escapes from the destruction of Troy and fulfills his divine destiny to found the city of Rome.

Unlike the epics of Homer and Virgil, which were written before the time of Christ, the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf is avowedly Christian and was probably written

in the seventh or eighth century by a Benedictine monk who was a contemporary or near contemporary of Saint Bede. It tells of the eponymous hero's conquering of three separate monstrous foes: Grendel, Grendel's Mother, and the Dragon. Beowulf's struggle with Grendel's Mother illustrates the necessity of supernatural assistance (grace) for the hero's triumph over evil, whereas his mortal combat with the Dragon is awash with numerical signifiers connecting and uniting Beowulf's selfsacrificial death with the Passion of Christ.

The fifth and final epic poem that everyone should read is Dante's Divine Comedy. It's difficult to summarize or encapsulate the depth and breadth of this marvelous work. Inspired by Virgil's epic and informed by the Christian philosophy of Thomas Aquinas, it tells of Dante's imagined pilgrimage to Paradise, via Hell and Purgatory.

Before proceeding to the verse drama everyone should know, we will conclude our list of epic poems with an honourable mention for The Lord of the Rings. It doesn't quite make the list because it doesn't quite qualify. It's an epic, not a novel, having more in common with the five epics on our list than with any contemporary fiction, but it's not really a poem, except in the broadest sense that it is "a thing that is made or created." A poem is distinct from prose by its formal employment of meter and usually rhyme. In this sense, The Lord of the Rings is a prose epic, not epic poetry, and does not qualify.

Moving to verse drama, we will begin once again with the ancient Greeks. All three plays of the Oedipus Cycle by Sophocles should be included.

Antigone retains its power and pertinence, its perennial relevance, in its telling of the tension between the power of the secular state and the rights of individuals to have religious liberty. Sophocles comes down solidly on the side of religious liberty and is, therefore, on the side of the angels.

The other two verse dramas by Sophocles, Oedipus Rex and Oedipus at Colonus, must be read together if the philosophical depth that Sophocles conveys is to be grasped. Oedipus Rex, divorced from its coupling with its sequel, would seem to suggest that suffering is meaningless and that it has no purpose. If, however, it is read together with Oedipus at Colonus, it is clear that Sophocles is showing that the acceptance of suffering is the beginning of the wisdom that leads to virtue. This is not only seen in Oedipus' embrace of his own suffering, but—and especially—in Antigone's laying down her own life to care for her disabled father.

Having tarried with the ancient Greeks, we will now fast forward two millennia to Elizabethan and Jacobean England and to two plays by Shakespeare.

The Bard of Avon wrote so many wonderful plays that the selection of a mere brace seems scandalous, a snub to his brilliance. Nonetheless, we will restrict ourselves to two of his great tragedies.

Hamlet, written around at the end of Queen Elizabeth's bloody reign, tells of the eponymous protagonist's ascent from despondency and near suicidal despair to the embrace of wisdom and the serenity it brings. Such serenity, coupled with courage, enables Hamlet to purge the "something rotten" that had poisoned his country. Well may we believe, in the words of the prayer that Horatio says over Hamlet's body, that flights of angels are singing Hamlet to his rest.

First on the list is "Upon the Image of Death" by Robert Southwell, representing the memento mori, the reminder of death, which forms such a crucial part of Christian literature. Other poems on this theme could have been selected, such as Shakespeare's Sonnet , Donne's "Death be not proud," or Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard," but I stick by my choice. Southwell's poem urges the reader to think of death so that he might reform his life. Such lessons need to be learned.

The other Shakespeare play to make the list is King Lear, which was written around in the early years of the reign of James I. There is so much that could be said about this melancholy masterpiece, but its essence can be distilled into the pure spirit of two interrelated themes: What is madness? What is wisdom?

When is Lear most mad? Is it when he gives away his worldly power to his self-serving and treacherous daughters? Or is it when he is delirious but deliriously happy when reunited with his one true daughter at the play's climax? And what is wisdom? Is it the worldly wisdom of the Fool, who disappears without trace? Or is it the Christian foolishness and Franciscan folly of Poor Tom, who embraces poverty and confesses his sins?

We will conclude our summary of the poems everyone should know with lyric poetry. This gets its name because it was the sort of poetry sung in ancient Greece to the accompaniment of the lyre, and hence was "lyrical." Since lyric poems are songs, even if they are songs to be spoken and not sung, it is important that they have a metrical or rhythmic form. It is also important, in most cases, that they employ some form of rhyme.

It's excruciatingly difficult to select only five lyric poems from the dozens and dozens that warrant a place on any self-respecting list. It is, therefore, with a candid confession of numerous sins of omission that these five are offered.

Moving from the Metaphysical poetry of the late sixteenth century to the Romantic poetry of the early nineteenth century, the next selection is "Hymn Before Sunrise" by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. This poem is breathtakingly edifying, shining forth the poet's praise of the beauty of a sunrise in a mountainous landscape. The third selection is "The Wreck of The Deutschland " by Gerard Manley Hopkins, a thirty-five stanza meditation on the mystery of suffering in the light or shadow of a natural disaster. Can God be found in the midst of a deadly blizzard that wrecks a ship? Can He be blamed? Is it possible to see God's love and mercy in the midst of such pain?

The penultimate selection takes us into the twentieth century and to The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot. In this enigmatic and beguiling tour de force, the poet leads us into the desert of modernity in order to show us its ugliness, but also to suggest something beautiful beyond the desert, a peace beyond anything the modern world can offer.

Finally, I'm going to lead us on a melancholy dance in the company of Hilaire Belloc. His poem, "Tarantella," moves to the rhythm of the dance that gives the poem its title and ends with the poet's musing on the mystique of memory and the mystery of mutability. Such mystique and such mystery constitute the very "stuff" of great poetry.

More could be said and more should be said on the poems selected and on the multitude of great poems that could and should have been selected but were not. Enough! It is enough to say that every poem selected is a poem everyone should know. That was the purpose of the mission, and the mission has been accomplished. The present author will therefore rest on his laurels by resting his case.

Joseph Pearce is the series editor of the Ignatius Critical Editions, the Tolkien and Lewis Chair in Literary Studies at Holy Apostles College and Seminary, and the author of several biographies of Christian literary figures.

Latin & Greek | Logic & Rhetoric

Classical Studies | Literature

Math & Science | Christian Studies

Modern History | Writing

Special-Needs Courses | and more!

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Paul Schaeffer HEAD OF SCHOOL

Holley PRINCIPAL

Writing

Bible Heroes: Writing Lessons in Structure and Style

Grades 1-2

$35.00

Get to know the heroes of the Bible while working through writing exercises that include key word outlining, paraphrasing, and summarizing stories. Teacher's Manual eBook is included.

Introduction to Composition

Grades 3-4

Student $11.85

Key $11.85

Classical Composition

by

James A. Selby | Grades 4-12

$96.22 set ea. (student, teacher, videos)

Student $21.95 ea. | Teacher $29.95 ea.

Instructional Videos: DVDs or Streaming $55.00 ea. (available for I-VIII)

Adventures in Writing: Implementing the "Structure and Style" Method

Grades 3-5 | $35.00 is theme-based writing curriculum will help young students enjoy learning to take notes, summarize narrative stories, write from pictures, and compose creative essays. Teacher's Manual eBook is included.

is introductory program focuses on narration, outlining, dictation, and copywork to help students become more pro cient in listening and writing skills, a great preparation for Classical Composition . is yearlong writing course uses focus passages from Charlotte's Web , Farmer Boy , A Bear Called Paddington , Mr. Popper's Penguins , and e Mo ats

Classical Composition is our study in the progymnasmata ("the before exercises"), a combination writing and pre-rhetoric program that teaches students the fundamental writing skills of style, arrangement, and invention in clear and systematic lessons. e nine stages of Classical Composition will not only teach the art of communication, but are designed to produce what Quintilian once called "the good man, speaking well."

e structured lessons in the Student Guides help students become con dent writers as they thoroughly master the incremental skills of each stage. e Teacher Guides provide sample answers for every exercise as well as scripted Chalk Talk. Optional Instructional Videos are also available if you'd like the support of a master teacher to help guide you and your students through the lessons.

Grammar

English Grammar Practice

Grade 2

Student $9.25 | Teacher $11.85

Designed for the nal year of primary school, this program is used as morning work or oral practice of many basic aspects of language arts, from capitalization and punctuation to language and reading skills.

English Grammar Recitation I-V

Grades 3-8

English Grammar Recitation Handbook $11.85 Flashcards $14.65 | Student $14.05 ea. | Teacher $15.10 ea. Memoria Press' English Grammar Recitation is perfect for the student who needs an English grammar program that coordinates with his study of Latin. 150 grammar questions with answers and examples, designed to be studied and memorized much like a catechism, are compiled in the English Grammar RecitationHandbook. ese questions are learned over the course of six years in just thirty minutes a week. Students are given practice exercises in the Student Workbook and the opportunity to practice immediate recall with the Flashcards. e Teacher Guide provides answers to all exercises.

See also: Introduction to English Grammar (p. 4)

Starting late? No problem! Complete Fable and Narrative in one year and get a reduced package price of $138.98 for both sets of Student and Teacher Guides and videos.

CLASSICAL COMPOSITION STAGES:

I: Fable (pictured)

II: Narrative

III: Chreia & Maxim

IV: Refutation & Con rmation

V: Common Topic

VI: Encomium, Invective, & Comparison

VII: Characterization (1 semester)

VIII: Description (1 semester)

IX: esis & Law

Logic & Rhetoric

Traditional Logic I: Introduction to Formal Logic & Traditional Logic II: Advanced Formal Logic

by Martin Cothran | Grades 7+

$81.23 complete set ea. (text, workbook, key, quizzes, videos)

$45.14 basic set ea. (text, workbook, key, quizzes)

Text $16.25 ea. | Workbook $19.00 ea. | Key $11.85 ea.

Videos $55.00 ea. | Quizzes & Tests $6.20 ea.

Material Logic: A Course in How to ink by

Martin Cothran

| Grades 9+

$97.48 complete set (text, workbook, key, quizzes, videos)

$47.98 basic set (text, workbook, key, quizzes)

Text $16.25 | Workbook $19.00 Key $11.85 | Quizzes & Test $6.20 Videos $55.00

Material Logic is a course in how to think. It covers the branch of logic called "informal logic" that deals with the content of argumentation. It can be used as a follow-up to Traditional Logic or simply as an introduction to the rudiments of classical philosophy for high school students. e program covers the ten ways something can exist, the ves ways of saying something about something else, de nition, and division.

Logic Supplements

Handbook of Christian Apologetics: Hundreds of Answers to Crucial Questions by

Peter Kreeft & Ronald K. Tacelli

$35.00 (optional supplement)

Traditional Logic I and II cover the branch of logic called "formal logic," which is concerned with the form and structure of reasoning. It focuses on the procedural aspect of reasoning, its mechanics, how we properly get from two premises or assumptions to a conclusion. e program is designed to teach students a practical mastery of the art of argument.

Traditional Logic I presents the four kinds of logical statements, the four ways propositions can be opposed, the three ways in which they can be equivalent, and the seven rules for the validity of syllogisms. In Traditional Logic II students will master the use of the nineteen valid categorical argument forms through the memorization of a medieval mnemonic device, and learn the three kinds of hypothetical arguments. Students will study examples of arguments from history and literature.

e Texts explain challenging concepts in clear, concise language. e accompanying Student Workbooks include enough exercises to ensure that the student masters the material before moving on. e Teacher Keys include answers to the workbooks, quizzes, and tests. Instructional Videos are also available if you would like a little help from the author teaching the material.

Classical Rhetoric:

Aristotle's Principles of Persuasion

by Martin Cothran | Grades 9+

$156.37 complete set

(basic set + How to Read a Book & Figures of Speech)

$100.45 basic set

(student, teacher, Q&T, videos, Aristotle's Rhetoric)

Student $29.95 | Teacher $11.85

Quizzes & Tests

$6.20

Videos $55.00 | Aristotle's Rhetoric $8.00 How to Read a Book $19.99 Figures of Speech

$49.95

Classical Rhetoric is a guided tour through the rst part of the single greatest book on communication ever written: Aristotle's Rhetoric. is course involves a study of the fundamental principles of political philosophy, ethics, and traditional psychology. Your student will not only learn the basics of political speech, but also the elements of good character, the seven reasons people act, and what elicits speci c emotions under particular circumstances and why.

Rhetoric Supplements

Mortimer J. Adler & Charles Van Doren

Kreeft

Quinn

Aristotle's Rhetoric

Rhys Roberts

VADE MECUM

"Go with me."

BY LEIGH LOWE

Repetitio Mater Studiorum. "Repetition is the mother of learning." In our classical tradition we exalt repetition as a valuable tool for learning. But beyond prizing repetition as an aid in memorizing individual goals (Latin grammar forms, multiplication tables, Shakespeare soliloquies), a connected classical curriculum offers valuable repetition about important truths over the long course of an education. Considering ideas beyond the constraints of subjects and grades allows us to notice ideas that receive—and deserve—attention.

For instance, when a student is trained to recognize a tempting apple in a fairy tale, and then a tempting apple in the garden of Eden, and then a tempting apple in Hera's Garden of Hesperides, and then a tempting apple that sets into motion the Trojan War, a lesson in virtue (or vice) is illuminated. After a multitude of examples, the student doesn't see a story about an apple but a lesson on temptation—and the consequences of giving in to it.

This is one tiny example of how we might see truth more clearly, more convincingly, in repetition. Countless similar opportunities are afforded by a thoughtful, connected curriculum. Teaching students to notice and develop ideas with repeated consideration influences our methodology. With contemplation and conversation as desired ends, we train students to read slowly and carefully. We teach them to mark their books for meaningful language, and we encourage them to record beautiful lines and passages in what we call the Memoria Press Vade Mecum, where themes and ideas can be collected and fleshed out over the course of an education. As students traverse through the humanities, we hope they learn to gather wellconsidered words that will "go with" them throughout their lives.

Here are some examples of words from the Memoria Press canon that go with me and serve me well.

COURAGE

I have a favorite sentence (or two, or ten) in almost every book I read. In Treasure Island, it's this line: "Cowardice is infectious…." It's a simple, obvious idea that can go unnoticed. This sentence influences how I understand anxious situations and alerts me to observable truths. I'm a better mother for having this and similar ideas in my heart. Responding with rationality and duty in the face of fear or excessive feeling is, for me, a discipline that must be trained. Other encouragements related to courage and fear include:

Peter did not feel very brave; indeed, he was going to be sick. But that made no difference to what he had to do.

The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis

That is the way fear serves us; it always takes the side of the thing that we are afraid of.

The Princess and the Goblin by George MacDonald

Fortitude includes both kinds of courage—the kind that faces danger as well as the kind that "sticks it" under pain. "Guts" is perhaps the nearest modern English. You will notice, of course, that you cannot practice any of the other virtues very long without bringing this one into play.

Mere Christianity by C. S. Lewis

PRIDE

"Pride goeth before destruction, and a haughty spirit before a fall. Better it is to be of humble spirit with the lowly than to divide the spoil with the proud." Highlands Latin School students memorize this Proverb in primary school and benefit from seeing it play out by example countless times throughout the curriculum. Here are a few admonitions that I find particularly arresting: Pride gets no pleasure out of having something, only out of having more of it than the next man. We say that people are proud of being rich, or clever, or good-looking, but they are not. They are proud of being richer, or cleverer, or betterlooking than others . It is the comparison that makes you proud: the pleasure of being above the rest.

Mere Christianity by C. S. Lewis

The supreme villain in the Chronicles of Narnia, Jadis, is an unmistakable example of pride. After destroying every living thing in The Magician's Nephew, including "all the ordinary people who'd never done [her] any harm," she arrogantly explains: "I was the Queen. They were all my people. What else were they there for but to do my will?" She continues:

"I had forgotten that you are only a common boy . You must learn, child, that what would be wrong for you or for any of the common people is not wrong in a great Queen such as I. We must be freed from all rules. Ours is a high and lonely destiny."

The Magician's Nephew by C. S. Lewis

FEET

Yes, feet. It's relatively easy to connect books in our curriculum with big ideas and broad themes like friendship, love, and sacrifice. But I am drawn to details—the specific choices that alert me to the knowing conversations between authors. Noticing allusions makes me feel like a child eagerly listening to the clever adults at the Big Table on Thanksgiving. Rereading The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, for example, helped me understand The Princess and the Goblin. Lewis and MacDonald shared a wisdom that they, together,

Leigh Lowe consults on curriculum, trains teachers, and speaks publicly about classical education and the vision of Memoria Press and Highlands Latin School. Leigh is the daughter-in-law of Cheryl Lowe, founder of Memoria Press and Highlands Latin School. Leigh worked closely with Cheryl for years as a teacher, editor, and writer.

helped me see. Aslan's declaration, "Once the feet are put right, all the rest of him will follow!," reinforced why MacDonald gave his evil, underground goblins those distorted, toeless, tender feet. It's as if Lewis and MacDonald are saying, "Leigh Firm foundations matter."

But what was of importance was the fact concerning the softness of the goblin-feet, which he foresaw might be useful to all miners.

The Princess and the Goblin by George MacDonald

Curdie, the noble miner's son in The Princess and the Goblin, realized that, like Achilles' heel, the goblins' soft feet are what make them vulnerable to defeat. Hobbits, by contrast, have naturally strong feet.

The Hobbits wear no shoes, because their feet grow natural leathery soles and thick warm brown hair like the stuff on their heads (which is curly); have long clever brown fingers, good-natured faces, and laugh deep fruity laughs

The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien

EDUCATION

In my Vade Mecum, I've written this quote from The Common Man by Chesterton:

Every education teaches a philosophy; if not by dogma, then by suggestion, by implication, by atmosphere. Every part of that education has a connection with every other part. If it does not all combine to convey some general view of life, it is not education at all.

This, to me, sums up classical education. My plan, like Penelope's in the Odyssey, is to continue weaving (and reweaving) everything together until all comes out right.

Eustace (never having read the right books) had no idea how to tell a story straight [while the noble Reepicheep] could show him more than a hundred examples of emperors, kings, dukes, knights, poets, lovers, astronomers, philosophers, and magicians, who had fallen from prosperity into the most distressing circumstances, and of whom many had recovered and lived happily ever afterwards.

The Voyage of the Dawn Treader by C. S. Lewis

"I feel it's a great responsibility because I have only the one chance. If I don't grow up right, I can't go back and begin over again."

Anne of Green Gables by L. M. Montgomery

The classical canon is so rich, beautiful, and cohesive. Above are only some of the words that comfort and inspire me. With the benefit of time and contemplation, I hope Memoria Press students, teachers, and parents gather legions of faithful quotes that can go with them, too.

$10.00

is beautiful, embossed, faux-leather journal features 160 lined pages and a ribbon bookmark. Take with you the best that has been thought and said.

Vade Mecum

science & nature

Mammals

Grades 3+

$74.39 set

(student, teacher, The World of Mammals, What Is a Mammal?, What Is the Animal Kingdom?)

Student $17.30

Teacher $19.45

e World of Mammals $21.65

What Is a Mammal? $9.95

What Is the Animal Kingdom? $9.95

e young student's natural fascination with animals makes this in-depth study of the habitats, behaviors, and classi cation of mammals a wonderful grammar school course. Lessons draw from e World of Mammals, What Is the Animal Kingdom?, and What Is a Mammal? and include comprehension questions, drawing exercises, and observation pages.

e Book of Astronomy

Grades 3+

Student $17.30 | Teacher $20.50

Teach your student the story of the sky! is guide covers stars, constellations, the solar system, and the zodiac.

e Book of Insects

Grades 4+

$72.27 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, flashcards)

Text $17.90 | Student $17.90

Teacher $20.05 | eBook $12.00

Flashcards $14.45 | Peterson Guide $9.99

A narrative approach to the life of insects that takes your student through classi cation, anatomy, and more!

e Book of Birds

by Sarah Jo Davis and Kalee Miller | Grades 5+

$85.40 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, coloring book, flashcards)

Text $20.50 | Student $17.90 | Teacher $20.05

Peterson Guide $9.99 | Coloring Book $11.99 | Flashcards $14.45

e Book of Birds is a thorough introduction to a fascinating avian world, covering everything from anatomy and the physics of ight to social habits and habitats.

e Book of Trees

by Sean Brooks | Grades 6+

$69.53 set (text, student, teacher, field guide, Tree Book)

Text $17.90 | Student $17.90 | Teacher $20.05

Peterson Guide $9.99

e Tree Book for Kids and eir Grown-Ups $15.95

Do you know that the very gift of breath is the result of the oxygen that trees and plants produce? Or that trees and plants provide the means of sustenance for all life on Earth? e Book of Trees , along with the Student Workbook and Teacher Guide , will teach your student both plant morphology and taxonomy (the di erent parts and di erent kinds of plants), as well as photosynthesis and respiration. Other chapters cover owers and fruits. e second half of the course is dedicated to tree observation and classi cation.

science & nature

John H. Tiner's Science

Grades 5-9

Text $18.99 ea.

Supplemental Student Questions $6.20ea.

Teacher Key & Tests

$9.25 ea.

J. H. Tiner's illustrated science books for middle school students are written from a biblical perspective and have won numerous awards. Each includes review questions and activities for every chapter, and Memoria Press has written supplemental questions, unit reviews, and tests for each book.

Choose From:

Exploring the History of Medicine

Exploring Planet Earth

Exploring the World of Mathematics

Exploring the World of Chemistry

Nature's Beautiful Order

by Christopher O. Blum & John A. Cuddeback

Grades 6+

Text $21.95 | Student $14.05

Teacher $15.10

Exploring the World of Physics

Exploring the World of Biology

Exploring the World of Astronomy

Novare Science

Grades 6+

See full book and price lists on MemoriaPress.com!

Novare is committed to a mastery-learning paradigm. Accurate explanations and a thorough treatment of the subject matter characterize these courses from start to nish. e Digital Resources download includes quizzes and exams, a teacher key, weekly review guides, and more.

Physical Science

Earth Science

Introductory Physics

General Chemistry

Choose From:

Accelerated Chemistry

Physics: Modeling Nature

General Biology

is introduction to natural history instills in the beginning student of biology a love for the beauty and order of the animal kingdom through the eyes of the classical naturalists. Students will be led from the invertebrate animals through the ve great vertebrate classes to the culmination of the natural order, a consideration of man as the knowing animal and as a steward of Creation.