ARCHITECTURAL PORTFOLIO · 2018
MENGYA HE
Master graduate from Delft University of Technology HNUST, Taoyuan Road, 411100 Xiangtan, China mengyahe1993@gmail.com +86-18673271596
¡CONTENTS
pg3
Inhabitants, Living with Water [A compound community terminal to confront the developmental and flooding crisis] Master, Spring 2018, China
pg19
Natives, Regenerate the Landmark [Vertical Community Market at the Civil Memorial Place] Master, Fall 2016, the Netherlands
pg27
Staffs, Personal Comfort Zone [Personal Illuminative Device for the Dutch Furniture Company Ahrend] Master, Spring 2017, the Netherlands
pg30
FamilyN+, Looking to the Park [Residential Tower at the Urban Gap] Bachelor, Spring 2015, Italy
pg36
Generations, Loop of Cutural Fragments [Community Cultural Centre at the Ancient District] Bachelor, Spring 2014, P.R.China
pg41
Peers, Tasting the Space [Interior Updating at the Department Building] Bachelor, Summer 2014, P.R.China
pg46
Children, Growing with Nature [Primary School at the Hill Foot] Bachelor, Fall 2013, P.R.China
pg51
Family, Living on the Terrace [Villa for the Artist Family at the Scenic Area] Bachelor, Spring 2013, P.R.China
pg56
Self, Learning by Practicing [The Journey of my Architectural Practices, curriculum vitae] Fall 2011- Present
Mengya He Delft University of Technology HNUST, Taoyuan Road, 411100 Xiangtan, China mengyahe1993@gmail.com +86-18673271596
01
Inhabitants, Living with Water [A compound community terminal to confront the developmental and flooding crisis in the historical waterfront area]
PROJECT DESCRIPTION My graduation project is mainly about the revitalization of the old port area of the Chinese city Xiangtan. As a riverside city located in the south part of China, Xiangtan has been through a long historical period during which some of the most formative moments of Chinese politics and economy happened. As the departure point and the cultural core of the city, the old port area, however, is now marginalized by the urban expansion and economical growth which impoverishes the old port area even more. Meanwhile, the old port area of Xiangtan is a urban area suffering from yearly flooding, during which the local residents have no choice but to move to other safe space provided by the government. My basic design vision is to intervene the site area with a flood-proof urban-scale built environment for local people to stay during flooding, introduce several positive programmes available both in flooding and non-flooding season, and let them be the triggering factor towards a prosperous future of the vernacular community at the same time. The space for dragon-boat-making is especially highlighted there and integrated with the temporary dwelling building volumn on-top, making it a significant venue for local people as a whole, to celebrate their traditions brought by water. On the building technologic aspect, I mainly focus on the temporary dwelling building in my project. "Post and lintel" structure and demountable wall system are introduced there regarding the vernacular architectural typology,and this is to ensure the maximal flexibility regarding the programmes which may be different a lot during flooding and non-flooding seasons.
Project location: The old port area, Xiangtan, China Individual Academic Work / Master Graduation Project Spring, 2018 / the 2nd Master Academic Year
3
THE 1ST AND 2ND WORLD WAR
"GOLDEN XIANGTAN" ON WATER Xiangtan was one of the main and busiest domestic platforms of civil import-and-export commodity business dealings. Merchants from those provinces started to settle down at the portside areas of Xiangtan, they occupied different portside area and formed their neighborhoods and communities for the convenience of themselves.
Steam-powered ship repair and construction industry was launched near the p o r t a r e a . Tr a d i t i o n a l water transportation based on the hand-made boats degenerate due to low efficiency compared to the modern steam-powered ships. Local suppor ting business started to shift from small business to heavy industry.
"GREAT LEAP FORWARD" Heavy industries were developed abnormally during this period, making Xiangtan not able to compete in the following commodity economy era. Since then, many local people drop the traditional businesses and seek for new job opportunity outside the village. Those remaining st ay ar e the elder and children in most cases.
LOCAL ECONOMY AMOUNT
Meanwhile, the water level rose significantly in recent years, causing the yearly flooding which happens during the dragon-boatracing festival.
粤
闽
赣
浙
With poor economic condition and flooding crisis, the old port area needs to find a new way out.
湘
北
闽
粤
蜀 浙
4
"THREE LAYERS" OF THE URBAN SPACE PATTERN The urban space pattern can be found from the historical urban perspective drawing from the 18th century, which illustrated three layers of urban space and programmes respectively: "quays"(marketing), "restaurants"(servicing), and "temples in the community"(dwelling). This kind of sequence of space was reflected differently in certain urban areas of Xiangtan, which were pretty clear in the inner city and the main port area.
5
01
BREEDING SEASON
docks
CHINESE NEWYEAR
free market
CELEBRATING
boat museum
12
months
ALL-YEAR-ROUND WATERFRONT PROGRAMME WITH TEMPORARY DWELLING DURING FLOODING
FISHING SEASON
The programmes of requirements are configurated based on the local lifestyle, arranged according to the "three layers" principle. The sequence of space match the programmes differently regarding the changing water level in the whole year, which could be considered as two main types: flooding season(ground-floor-flooded) and non-flooding season.
COMMUNI TY CULTURE
HOME
ON WATER
SPRING VACATION
FLOODINH SCENARIO
DRAGON BOAT FESTIVAL
SERVICES
QUAYS
HARVEST SEASON
ting iva t l u
Sto rin g
Living
Airbnb
MARKET ON WATER
GROWING SEASON
temporary houses
DWELLING
11
WATER-CULTURE FESTIVAL
RECREATING
SELLING
10
C
oo
g
local opera
NO-FISHING PERIOD
09
C
restaurant
08
Sleeping
tea house
07
RAINY SEASON
STUDIO-BASED CRAFTING
Chessroom
06
NATIONAL HOLIDAY
boat making
05
MID-AUTUMN FESTIVAL
ямБshing net making
04
SUMMER VACATION
woven products making
03
TOMB-SWEEPING DAY
oil-paper umbrella making
02
kin
Din
g
in
+ Cultural core
Dragon boat museum
Boat terminal 6
SCENIARIOS OF CHANGING WATER LEVEL
URBAN AXO VIEW(NON-FLOODING SEASON)
URBAN AXO VIEW(FLOODING SEASON)
Normally, the edge of the water should be along the river bay. During the flooding time, the rising water may reach the ground floor of the vernacular dwelling community. Almost all the urban transportation will happen on water in the site area. In both seasons, people can enjoy the programmes conveniently and safely, with more uniqueness during the flooding season because of the amazing water scenary.
7
BOAT HOUSES PASSAGE
This area reflects the first spatial layer: market near the quay. In this area, daily activities of local people(especially the fishermen) will happen, clothes-washing, dining, hour-staying or overnight-staying, etc. Market stalls will be gathered there for the convenience of local buyers and sellers. Looking all the way up, you will find the local landmark - the old bus station built in 1925 with granites, and the roof of the temporary dwelling building.
BOAT HOUSES (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
8
FLOATING MARKET STALLS ON WATER
FLOATING MARKET STALLS (FLOODING SEASON)
The market stalls are designed floatable guided by the piles made of tropical wood which will not get rot in water over a hundred years. The pontoons are installed beneath the structural layer in case of flooding. During the normal season, they will be hanging in the air. The buying and selling activities will not be interrupted even though the flood comes.
9
CRAFTING STUDIOS (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
CRAFTING CENTRE ALONG THE PASSAGE
This is the ideal place for the local craftsmen to display their skills and products. The whole building sector is like a twofloor-passage, the upper floor is given to the local crafting studios, while the lower one is give to the exhibition of the crafts, both available in flooding and non-flooding seasons. The studio floor is connected directly with the temporary dwelling buildiing for the convenience of the dwellers who manage those studios. Each chamber has its window for natural lighting and ventilating, and the spacious front-door area is where the craftsmen put their products for storage and display. The lower floor is part of the loop of the servicing area and is provided with large amount of visitors passing by who can be the potential customers.
CRAFTING STUDIOS (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
VERNACULAR EHIBITIONS (FLOODING SEASON)
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CRAFTING STUDIOS (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
TEA HOUSE (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
CIRCULATION ON WATER (FLOODING SEASON)
DAILY RECREATION UNDER THE ROOF / ON WATER
Those space with simply a vernacular roof above echoes to the local lifestyle: tea drinking by the alleys. People can relax there, have a cup of tea, and chatting with their neighnors with a rather low price. The ground floor will be given to the local wholesellers, space for parking is in front of each chamber, making the trucks easy to go in and out. When the flood comes, all the programmes will be moved upward to the floor of circulation. And water transportation will occupy the inner loop space of the sevicing centre where could be a new circular "canal" during flooding.
11
CRAFTING STUDIOS (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
OPEN-AIR PERFORMING CENTRE
This is the good place for local "Huagu" opera performing. Several chambers of the old bus station in the middle will be used as the backstage rooms for the performing. The audience can watch from any positions and angels, which is supported by the rounded stairs where people can have a seat,and the surrounding curving corridors in the air.
PERFORMING CENTRE (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
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UNIQUE WATER SCENARY
When the flood comes, the small "tower" sitting on the circulation can be the new location for performing, and in most cases, the location for people to observate the amazing water scenary of the site area. For the fact that the flooding time usually coincide with the period of local dragon-boat- racing festival, visitors from outside may come and take part in this grant vernacular activity by standing on the urban corridors and cheer for the participants on water.
CRAFTING STUDIOS (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
URBAN TERRACES ON WATER (FLOODING SEASON)
13
MUSEUM ROOF DETAIL 1:10
DOUBLE SKIN DETAIL 1:10
FLOOR-WALL JOINT DETAIL 1:10
THE VISIBLE BATTENS OF THE MUSEUM ROOF
DWELLING ROOF DETAIL 1:10
WINDOW FLOOR JOINT DETAIL 1:10
BOAT MUSEUM (NON-FLOODING SEASON)
BOAT-MAKING UNDER THE ROOF The roof of the boat museum is inspired by the structure of the boat, with huge load-bearing trusses in the middle, making the space suitable for dragon-boat-making(the dragon boat can be 25m long) and enough for the boats to be moved in and out.
≈ 25M
5M 1. BOAT TERMINAL (FLOODING SEASON) THE GIANT LOAD-BEARINGTRUSSES IN THE MIDDLE WHICH CARRY THE LOAD OF THE UPPER BUILDING MASS
25M
The temporary dwelling volumn is stacked on and beared by the roof structure(truss) of the boat museum. When the flood comes, the water level may reach the ground floor of the boat museum, making it a temporary terminal for the dragon boat. In this way, the tradition of dragonboat-making is rooted in the ground of the temporary dwelling building dramatically, marking the local spirits even in flooding time.
14
DEMOUNTABLE TIMBER WALL SYSTEM IN THE TEMPORARY DWELLING BUILDING This is inspired by the vernacular architectural typology, which has there facade towards the street built in removable timber panels, to adjust the indoor progamme when needed. Similarly, the dwellers can decide programme they want regarding different seasons, such as a house or a cultivating garden, by open up or close down the walls.
Load-bearing facade system – System with bearing timber skeletons in the facades thus clearing interior floors
Hybrid system Timber frame system
Load-bearing facade system – System with bearing timber skeletons in the facades thus clearing interior floors
– Fixed timber tenon structure with demountable walls and floors
– Fixed timber columns and beams in tenon structure as rigid frames
"POST AND LINTEL" TIMBER FRAMES IN THE TEMPORARY DWELLING BUILDING The beams are carried in two directions, learnig from the local timber structure of the vernacular dwelling. At the Timber same frametime, system those beams are exposed in the air, and this – Fixedmatches timber columns the lifestyle of local and beams in tenon strucpeople who like to hange ture as food rigid or frames clothes around their housing structure.
Hybrid system – Fixed timber tenon structure with demountable walls and floors
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HOUSEHOLD G+2 FLOOR HOUSEHOLD G+1 FLOOR HOUSEHOLD G FLOOR G+2 floor | 12 ㎡
STACKED HOUSEHOLD WITH COMMUNAL SPACE
Extra bedroom or study | 8.8 ㎡ Terrace | 3.2 ㎡
In order to meet the rather high remand of temporary dwelling during the flooding season, the area of each household is compressed and stacked with each other. However, the organization of those household is still under the guidance of the local dwelling logic: provate balcony towards the communal space, irregular alleys in the community, semi-public living area around the threshold space, and the private living area at the bottom/on the top. The indoor space is connected by the spiral staircase of each household. ×50 ↓
G+1 floor | 20 ㎡ Living room | 12 ㎡ Outdoor pavement | 8 ㎡
G floor | 20 ㎡ Bedrooms | 20 ㎡
Proposed household typology | 52 ㎡
The G+1 floor is chosen as the floor to enter the house. In doing so, the unnecessary corridor space can be saved for dwelling purpose in the absolute private level - the G floor for sleeping. The shared kitchen is located at the G+1 floor from which the dwellers enter their houses, and is in the middle of each household cluster. This lifestyle is found from the local street life in which you can easilly see the people sharing their food during the dining time in front of their house doors.
Private indoor space | 40.8 ㎡ Semi-public outdoor space | 11.2 ㎡ People | >5
G+2 floor | 12 ㎡
PRIVATE
Extra bedroom or st Terrace | 3.2 ㎡
The G+2 floor is designed for alternative private use, such as an extra bedroom, study room, etc, with a private balcony from which the communal space can be observed.
G+1 floor | 20 ㎡
Living room | 12 ㎡ Outdoor pavement |
PUBLIC
16
G floor | 20 ㎡ Bedrooms | 20 ㎡
CAVITY ROOF FOR NATURAL VENTILATION Summer
The wind can pass the roof cavity freely, bringing out the dirty air from the ventilating pipes which are connected to the roof. In summer time, it can also help bring out the heat of the building.
Winter Winter - Northwest prevailing wind
Summer - South prevailing wind 85.5° 38.5°
WESTERN BUFFER SPACE BY DOUBLE SKIN According to the humidsubtropical local climate and the local prevailing wind in both hot and cold seasons, the western facade consists of two layers: a primary layer of polycarboate panels some of which are openable to control the ventilation, and an extra layer of bamboo rolling shutter to control the direct sunlight. The dwelling households stay behind the buffer space which is given to the vertical transportation, to have a more comfortable micro indoor climate.
17
THE "ARK" Just like the Noah's ark, this project prevent the local residents from the danger of the flood, and provide them not only the safe place to live, but also the place to share, to grow, to storage, and to communicate. Last but not least, it exists like a spiritual tower for the local residents which brings them the hope towards the future, by constantly reminding them of their traditions, their original lifestyle and where they came from.
SECTION MODEL
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02
Natives, Regenerate the Landmark [Vertical Community Market at the Civil Memorial Place]
Project location: Usce Tower, New Belgrade, Serbia 2 people’s Academic Work My Contribution: Concept Developing, Model Making, Diagram Drawing Autumn, 2016 / the 1st Master Academic Year
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Serbia suffered from regime changes a lot in the past decades. This project is located at the New Belgrade area of the capital city, which is regarded as a boring distrct, especially compared to the old city districts opposite the Sava River which is quite more attractive considered by local people. The site place now is occupied by an office tower where only staff members are allowed to access
and walk around. A brand-new landmark tower is proposed here, which is based on residential & market combined programmes, to provide job opportunities for residents of New Belgrade and cozy homes for them at the same time.
19
Since the 1990s, a number of people have rushed into the capital of the country in seek of better job opportunities. This led to a critical housing shortage at that time. Illegal houses were preferred by the new residents for their relative low cost and short construction period. However, issues like lack of public space and bad living quality emerged across the informal settlements. This resulted in a conspicuous disorder in the urban stucture, especially at the periphery of the city. With the prominent amount of illegal housing in the property market, it is unlikely for govenement and housing authorities to alter the present situation. The consistent depression in economy aggravates the dilemma of Belgrade. The high rate of unemployment required more job oppurtunities.
MASTERPLAN
New Belgrade has been used as a business district and residential area, with llittle attention was paid on the development of local cultural activities. Small buisiness like open markets are also rare.
Located at a intersection node of New Blegrade, the site contains a great potential to become a urban centre. As the former political symbol and the current capitalist symbol, the site has never been really opened to the citizens.When the site is occupied by the common Belgrade people, the site could probably become a real centre that people can use instead of being an insubstantial symbol.
0
20
50 m
20
A mutual relation could be built by introducing an integrated residential and commercial system into the new building. The residents live in the building as well as doing small business, which could be benefited by the visiitors and neighbourhood. The visitors and neighbourbood could enjoy the services offered by the residents in a quite convenient and affordable way. Both of them could enjoy the nice public space inside the building, which exists like a big tree inhabited by citizens near by. The nice environment in the context, which is mostly ignored, will be valued and benefit more people.
ELEVATION VIEW FROM MAIN STREET
AXONOMETRIC SECTION VIEW
21
OPEN MARKET UNDER THE SHELL The space under the giant curved shell is the place where local residents can proceed their small businesses. Enough space height is provided there, market activities will be organized within the double - floor timber shelfts provided, centralized by the middle commodity exchange centre which is located at the ground level of the tower, with LED billboards located there constantly showing the price trend of the bulk commodities. People arriving with vehicles can reach the market through the lifts which connect the underground parking to the tower. A very positive and nonstatic spatial atmosphere is created there to encourage the business activities.
22
URBAN JUNCTION IN THE MIDDLE OF THE GREEN ROOF The giant curved shell is the urban green strolling roof on top of the market space where local residents can have plenty outdoor activities such as picnic and solarium. The middle structure of the tower functions as the urban junction to connect the pedestrain and cycling movements from different orientations of the surrounding area, and provide a perfect terrace for people to have a urban view. The load-bearing walls are renovated as the billboards of the exhibitions and events happening inside the tower, to help attract the potential visitors and customers.
23
HOME-BASED CRAFTING STUDIOS The dwelling space is integrated with home-based studios for craftsmenship, There are also space for exhibitions. This kind of “living at working� lifestyle is a relatively economic choice and provides them with much convenience. Three types of modular dwellings are designed according to different family compositions which rely on small-businesses as their basic economic incomes.
+
+
24
SKY BAR The skybar on top of the tower is a good place to enjoy the panoramic view of the whole city, and an attracting venue where big community events(e.g. wedding ceremony) can happen. Lifts directly connect the bar and the ground floor, citizens outside the tower can gather here to enjoy the activities as well.
GARDENS IN THE AIR The space between each housing stock is reserved as place where residents can cultivate, the productive process not only satisfies the basic living supplies with almost zero cost, but also provide vertical walls as a green resource of urban landscape.
25
HANGMADE MODEL, VIEW FROM URBAN INTERCHANGE
A NEW URBAN LANDSCAPE The form of the ground level is a consistant landsacpe of the surrounded grassland. As an open market, it covers a great area of the site. The site is a intersection of three functional regions. The southern part is adjacent to the buisness district, isolated by a busy road. The residential area lies at the south-west of the site, with the largest amount of people nearby. The rest directions are mainly greenlands and parks. Three important entrances open at the corners of the streets and they all lead to the information centre at the the ground floor. The long edges of the market roof was gradually rised from the ground, providing good view of the neighbourhood. Several paths started from the ground and continued along the surface of the market roof. The grassland will continue to cover the upper surface of the market roof. With convenient visual accessibility from any part of the city, this tower will definitely become a new landmark of local residents, which is truely owned by them and bring social identiy to them as well.
BIRDVIEW OF URBAN JUNCTION
OVERLAP OF THE VIEW FROM MARKET
URBAN STROLLING ROOF ON TOP
26
03
Staffs, Personal Comfort Zone [Personal Illuminative Device for the Dutch Furniture Company Ahrend]
PROJECT DESCRIPTION The prototype of this personal illumination and privacy device which was named as the “Lighting Cloud” is a product aiming to provide a personal comfort zone in an open office for a Dutch furniture company Ahrend. Using light weight materials and elegant mechanism structure, the “Lighting Cloud” presents a floating adjustable personal - dimension space focusing on the need of mental comfort and individual privacy within a pure concentrating illumination environment. In the proposal, an optional and adjustable mentally comfort dome is created for employees in an open working placeto be able to block outer interruptions. The flexible surface with folding structure can reduce the noise and the translucent surface material can protect individual privacy without making the space occlusive. Moreover, an elastic soft mechanism is developed to control the bending of the structural arms resulted in the changing of size of the dome. For the assembly of the devices, it is designed to be flexible with three working modes: hanging on the ceiling, standing on the floor or clamping on the desk.
Project location: BK, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands 2 people’s Work My Contribution: Concept Developing, Model Making, Diagram Drawing Client: Ahrend(Dutch Furniture Company) Spring, 2017 / the 1st Master Academic Year
27
THE ASSEMBLY DETAILS The kinetic arms are very easy-handled and space-saving which have minimized structures. The arms also have a simple working mechanism, and can be controlled only in 2 directions(ups and downs). The adjustable timber stand work with tenon joints, which is space-saving in width and could better guide the fishing wires on one plane which helps reduce the friction while moving about. The clamp joint on the table is handy and friendly as well, making it free to choose different defined positions. The surface with the central tube produce the ambient light and it's reflected by the translucent folded mats, creating a peaceful lighting environment for the users.
28
PRIVATE MODE
ACOUSTIC MODE
The surfaces now function as the reflectors to create a better lighting condition for certain works such as photoshooting, exhibition, etc.
The surface functions as a huge acoustic panel which blocks the majority of noise which the people on work don't want to hear at all.
PUBLIC MODE
TASK-LIGHTING MODE
In this mode, the surfaces and the arms leaves the space beneath fully open for collegues. The whole structure functions as a decorative tool with lighting function, and an acoustic panel slightly.
The surfaces now function as the reflectors to create a better lighting condition for certain works such as photoshooting, exhibition, etc, to adapt to the current non-fixed office-working environment.
29
04
FamilyN+, Looking to the Park [Residential Tower at the Urban Gap] PROJECT DESCRIPTION This project starts with an group car-free district design, with the core task to breakdown the boundaries of northern and southern part of the city and activate the site area both ecologically and socially. Different residential typologies are provided, connected by a long - raised wooden park (1km in total) which can be reached in many ways (via slopes, stairs,inserted interior elevators and so on), to promote the ecological regeneration of areas impeded by the railways. My focus is the modern dwelling tower. According to the landscape it faces with, I decide to create the shape of the tower which is looking to the park to enlarge the the accessibility of sceneries and daylighting. Also, the interior space is arraged with high efficience to guarantee the quality of life physically. Shops are provided at ground floor under the necessity of residents and citizens. People of all ages, from different walks of life and cultural backgrounds are now invited to come and enjoy a diverse palette of environment and activities here, and to be the scenery for the tower.
Project location: New Marshalling Yard, Milan, Italy 2-People Academic Work My Contribution: Concept Developing, Model Building, Diagram Drawing Spring, 2015 / the 4th Academic Year
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Ground floor( +0.0m )
1F-5F ( 4.0-21.5m )
6F-9F ( 21.5-35.5m )
Roof ( 38m )
0
10
20
50m
This project is located at the gap of the city, near the campus of Bocconi, which aims to promote the modern dwelling way by erecting several mini towers combined with parks in between them, especially a 300m-long raised wooden park, the main scenery which is accessible for residents near by, with the existing railway being covered. Facing the double pressure from urban main road and the building in front of it, the tower was chosen to be completely open to the parks where it could be. And it determines the massing strategy of the building which is cater to the parks.
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The linear park 0m
300m
A
B
Prospective A
As the whole site area is defined as ‘urban park’, the linear park at the middle of the site area must be eye - accessible directly from the urban main road. It limits the location of the tower.
Prospective B
in this project, i try to open the facde of the tower towards the parks to overcome the drawbacks brought by the unpleasant location. In this way, the tower doesn’t interrupt the urban park view and the parks are utilized as the sceneries for the tower as well. The 6m-high empty space beneath the linear park is used as the commercial space towards each small park to activate the atmosphere, together with inserted staircases & lifts, through which local residents can easily reach the park and enjoy the garden-like living environment.
32
Commercial space
Balcony
Opening facade
The 3 type of dwelling modules are designed with regard to different target group. The fact that our project is near the campus of SDA Bocconi makes single/student apartments occupy most. However, each typical apartment is designed according to the opening facade to ensure that every apartment has the park scenery and the best natural light condition.
48.8%
Single / student
19.5%
Couple
Vertical core
Plumbing
A clear and efficient vertical facility system is configured in the middle of the tower, with concrete core bearing the main load of the tower. The interior partitions are organized in this way: pushing all the service space to the middle and all the living space to the periphery. This is the design priority - giving every apartment the chance of looking to the park.
31.7%
Family with a child
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1F-5F
6F-9F
The apartments from 1F to 5F are mostly designed for single residents according to the nature of being close to the ground. Still, people inside those apartments enjoy the good view of the small parks in between each dwelling towers.
Up till the height of 6F to 9F, the apartments are designed for big families in which they can enjoy the uninterrupted views towards the linear green park with the braced balcony.
Ground floor Commercial space are provided at the ground level to satisfy the basic needs of the near-by neighborhood and to activate the park as well.
0
10
20m N
SITE SECTION
34
STRUCTURE
HVAC SYSTEM Solar panels
0
1
2
5m
A/C system
Water tank Skeleton IPE100 Heating pump Air flows Return line Deliver line Solar heating Floor heating Beam IPE300
Hot water
Column HEB240
Cool water
Steel is used for the major structure of the project, together with concrete at the basement. Steel frame and skeletons mark the concise spirituality of the modern dwelling way. Also, the plumbing system is quite compacted which runs efficiently.
X-braces
PARTITIONS & JOINTS 1:50 D
A
E
B
F
C
A. Sliding door & column joint
D. 400mm external wall
B. 100mm internal wall
E. 200mm internal wall
C. External wall & casement window joint
F. Partition joint
EX. IN.
EX. EX.
IN.
IN.
The facade pattern is created by contrasting black steel against the glass surface where it’s open, together with plaster where it’s closed. Sliding doors, casement windows and swing doors keep the facade in harmony both for residential and commercial use.
35
05
Generations, Loop of Cultural Fragments [Community Cultural Centre at the Ancient District]
Project location: Xiyuan Alley, Changsha, P.R.China Individual Academic Work Spring, 2014 / the 3rd Academic Year
PROJECT DESCRIPTION With the rapid development of the society, how to deal with the present and the past has always been a question widely debated in China. Taken as an example, this project is located at the tearing region of Changsha city, which is embraced by buildings and remains acrossing at least 4 different historical periods. I think the core task of the cultural centre project is to be the vessel of the community culture and to help the citizens repossess the sense of belonging as well. Since the site area has already been so complicated, my initial idea for the project is to blend it into the surroundings by lowering the overall project mass and making it more communal.
The taken typology is to integrate all district fragments from different cultural layers together by allocating the building functions respectively according to the needs of two target group - the public and the local residents, and connecting all the fragments with the form of roaming roof loop which can be accessed freely. On one side, community traditions are presented here to the public. On the other side, traditional customs get a place to revive here which also have imperceptible impacts on the development of the whole community.
36
Based on the analysis of the site area and the space characteristics of the ancient district, the project gives responce to the existing surroundings respectively under a consistent typology trying to reconfigure the profile of the district with multiple cultural layer. The manner of the project is quite modest showed by the mass of the project which generally rises up from the ancient district to the high-rise, together with its roof circulation.
MASSING STRATEGY
30F
28F
15F
E
Bring to the PUPBLC
Belongs to the PEOPLE
2F
W
E
W
E
W
SITE ANALYSIS Orientation Project location
Skyline High-rise (>20F) Mid-rise (6-20F) Low-rise (<6F)
Mobility Urban main road Urban secondary road District road Planning road
Cultural context Rockery Stone
1885
Xiyuan Alley
1930s
Soviet Palace
1953
Real Estate
2012
37
ISSUE 1ST
Rather than treating the historical remains enclosed, i decide to leave it open to the public which is a perfect supplement for the building. Many traditional living customs such as drinking tea could easily happen around the natural scenery which is eye-accessible.
CUT 1
Civic core
CUT 2
Traditional dwelling is presented here to the public as it marks the spirituality of the district. Rather than getting into the building directly, every route would go through 3 cultural flashback walls at the entrance revoking the memory of the pre-war past.
ROCKERY STONE
1885
——remaining from the official residence of General ZUO , Qing dynasty
Past in fire
0 1
2
5m
TRADITIONAL DWELLING 1930S ——generated in almost 30 years after the disruption of Qing dynasty, burned during the Anti - Japanese War
ISSUE 2ND
38
ISSUE 3RD reading
rea
ex exhibiting
SOVIET PALACE
1953
——initially built as a cultural palace for the workers
REAL ESTATE
2012
residential mansions
g
itin
g
I redesigned the interiors of the palace into a community library which can be used by all ages. Also i extend the functions of the culture centre and the community library from indoor to outdoor space. The semi-covered gap space is where public activities are encouraged to happen.
CUT 3 ——30F newly-built high-rise
din
hib
Urban roaming
CUT 4
Utilize the existing
0 1
2
5m
The roof becomes the public circulation which shows an open manner to the surroundings. Through this way, the residents living in the modern real estate could obtain a scense of belonging and realise their cultural root, especially the high-rise one right in front of the project.
ISSUE 4TH
39
11 12 13 14 15
0
5
10m
N
5m
AXONOMETRICAL PLAN Community library 1 Loan & Return The cultural centre 2 Index point 1 Reception 3 Classics collection 2 Office 4 Office 3 Toilets 5 Classics reading 4 Exhibition hall 6 Newspaper reading 5 Collection display 7 Children room 6 Experience box 8 Toilets 7 Warehouse 9 Cafe 8 Freight lift 10 Ladder reading 9 Vehicle storage 11 Open-air bar 10 Shop
11
Community committee Meeting room Tea house Auditorium Sightseeing lift
ELEVATION ALONG URBAN MAIN ROAD
THE ROAMING ROOF
10 8 7
9
6
4 2 3
8
9
1
7
5
5 6
14 4
1
2 3 15
10
12 11 13
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06
Peers, Tasting the Space [Interior Updating at the Department Building] PROJECT DESCRIPTION This lab project try to renew and activate the 2-floor emptiness by inserting a structure. Targeting at the students, we firstly figure out the expected activities in the site area based on the site analysis and we hope the added structure would have positive impacts on these activities, creating a more active academic atmosphere and activating the area with the abundant tastes of the space.
Project location: College of Architecture, Hunan University, Changsha, P.R.China 6-People Lab Work in 10 days My Contribution: Concept Developing, Model Making, Diagram Drawing Summer, 2014 / the 3rd Academic Year A double-layer coverage system is built here, with the ups & downs of the overall shape and the changing density of the pattern units. We try to lead the people to experience the area in the way we expect which enhance the level sense of the space.
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Cutline
↑ THE EXISTING ↓ EXPECTED ACTIVITIES
0
1
2
5m
Serving ●●●● Studying ●○○○
Passing ●●●●
Exhibiting ●●●● Resting ●●○○ Point 1
Group working ●●●○ Selling ●●●● Public ● Private ○
Point 2
Point 3
Point 4
Point 5
Located at the ground floor of the department building, the 2-floor emptiness is not initially designed for specific use despite its big scale. Small exhibitions and academic events intended to occupy here but the environment of the site doesn’t match the needs of such activities. Since the site location is quite public, making it more attractive for students is the core task for the design work. However, as the main walking flow doesn’t pass through the site, it has now become a kind of independent. The cafe and the bookshop near by have to struggle for the decreasing customers as well. We set 5 observing points, record the sight ranges and the analyse the space manner of the site both physically and spiritually. These results are closely related to the feelings of the people and the activities which we expect to happen in the site.
4-sides-closed
3-sides-closed
sufficient
1-sides-closed insufficient Non-closed
Opening & closing
Solar track
Space manner
Trend finding
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Final Current situation
Coverage system
Regeneration
INITIAL PATTERN
shape
PATTERN UNIT EVOLUTION
Single pattern
Pattern unit The overall shape of the coverage is developed based on the site anaysis, which try to keep out some unpleasent visions and enhance the presence of some positive area at the same time. The whole area is reorganized and each part of the area matchs a particular expected activity with different space manner. The pattern comes from the tri-angle and is generated with the concept of weaving (double layers). As a coverage system, we have to make sure that the system is independent enough to support its shape with the impact of gravity. Thus we lock the central part of each pattern unit to ensure the stability of the 2 layers and every single unit, together with 8 anchor points which help maintain the overall shape. With the gaps in between the patterns, we are able to control the light-flux by adjusting the density of the pattern units and the distance between two layers in each unit, making the environment pleasant for the expected activities. dense
Anchor point
non-dense
Density
43
4 chosen points are presented here to show the updated sights & activities expected to happen in the site area after the installation of the coverage system. The sights are adjusted respectively according to the characteristic of each expected activity, making the utilization of the site area more targeted and efficient for the students.
Before
Point 1
Exhibiting
Passing
Poin
t4
Point 2
Point 3 Bar serving
After
NO INDECENT SIGHT The coverage is quite dense at the corner along the corridor in order to shield people from the interference from the passagers and the indecent sight (eg. toilet).
Point 1
Group working Before
Studying
After
Resting
Book selling CAPTURING ATTENTIONS Since the entrance is the first sight of the site area, we try to make more people gotten involved with the activities here by enriching the space and making these activities visible. Before
Point 2 After
FOCUSING ON THE PUBLIC With the coverage, people from upper floor could neglect some unnecessary attentions to the private activities (eg. studying) but focus on the public activities in the middle. Before
UPDATED SIGHTS & ACTIVITIES
GETTING INVOLVED With the activation of the space, the bookshop & cafe at each end of the site area are supposed to offer more services for the people and thus have more customers.
Point 3 After
Point 4
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CONSTRUCTION OPTIMIZATION
STAINLESS STEEL
Material
Constructive elements
Joint points
Initial pattern
Stainless steel
4 pieces
More
Optimised pattern
Acrylic sheets
1 pieces
Less
Angle control
Transmittance
Extra components - needed
X
No extra components
â&#x2C6;&#x161;
ACRYLIC SHEETS
In the following phase of the materials study & the construction issues, we find it very difficult to build the initial pattern because there are to much connections. Meanwhile, the stainless steel is a kind of sharp material which could probably hurt the people, and it has natural defects in lighting aspect as well. Thus we decide to try acrylic sheets which is light, safe, operational, and better match the shape we want. We utilize the physical nature of this material and solve the constructive & lighting problems to optimise the pattern. In the model testing phase, we also try different combinations of the materials to see the prospectives.
45
07
Children, Growing with Nature [Primary School at the Hill Foot]
Project location: Yuelu hills, Changsha, P.R.China Individual Academic Work Awarded in 2013 National Green Buildings Design Competition, China Fall, 2013 / the 3rd Academic Year
PROJECT DESCRIPTION This project is located at the foot of Yuelu hills, the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;green lungâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; of the city, 0.5km away from the nearsest lake. I try to maximize the influence of nature in this project since i believe children at a very young age should have more access to nature which has lots of benefits on their physical and mental well-being. The whole school blend into the terrain, creating lots of semi-underground green roofs which are the natural terrace and extension of the ecological system of Yuelu hills.
I focus on the academic building in the later design progress which is connected to the massif hill, marking the natural spirituality of the whole school. The green roof terraces, the backyard and the green corridor become the main outdoor space during school breaks which encourage the interactions of children. The natural elements (eg. climbing plants, rainwater, sunlight, local bamboo) are well utilized in many aspects, making the building environmentally-friendly.
46
Connections
Facilities
Nature
Buildings
20.5%
9.7%
49.7%
20.1%
In order to transmit the natural elements of Yuelu hills to the ground level of the school, the mass of the academic building is divided and staggered into 3 layers. The orientation of each layer is developed according to the 3 different axes which face to the campus, the lake and the foot of Yuelu hills respectively.
Volumn
Meanwhile, the empty space shaped by the division make it possible for natural system to gradually influence the building, these space are also the good place where public activities would easily happen.
Massing
Emptiness 3 axes
Shaping OT
KE
L FO
M
EIX
I
LA
HIL
CAMPUS
Connecting
MASTERPLAN 1 Stadium 2 Field 3 Sandpit 4 Reception office 5 Office(& parking lot below) 6 Clinic 7 Cafe 8 Bicycle storage 9 Breeding farm 10 Auditorium 11 Exhibition hall 12 Canteen 13 Dorms 14 Plantation 0 10 15 Academic building
20
50m
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2F 1 2 3 4
Grade 4-6
AXONOMETRICAL PLAN
Classrooms for grade 4-6 Science studio Office Toilet
1F
Mix-use
5 Biology studio 6 Art studio 7 Library 8 Model studio 9 Computer centre 10 Music studio 11 Instrument storage 12 Toilet
0F
0
Grade 1-3
13 14 15 16
Classrooms for grade 1-3 Activity centre Office Toilet
17 18 19 20 21 22
Green terrace Back yard Green corridor Plantation Activity square Basin
10
20m
Roof (13.0m)
G+2 ( 9.0m )
The key point of the design is to integrate the existing environment into the building design itself by designing the flows & outdoor space, which could be a significant component for the childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s daily lives. Entrances are settled towards different landscape resources( back yard, earth slope, etc,) in order to build the direct connections between each mass & environment. The continuous flows enhance this kind of connections and provide space for childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interactions.
Flows & outdoor space
In this school design, children are encouraged to keep in touch with the nature everywhere since in that early stage of life, nature is always the best teacher for them. Green terrace
G+1 ( 5.0m )
Back yard
Green corridor Ground ( +0.0m )
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COURTYARD PERSPECTIVE
GROUP CHARACTERISTICS
Hi little Bob! Have fun at the terrace next break!
Grade 1-3 typical classroom
Grade 4-6 typical classroom
OK! Meet you there after the model class! BTW, you need to tell me how to do it!
STUDIOS & INTERIORS 1 Academics 2 Interactions 3 Contact with nature
Do not tell Lucy that I am hinding here :-)
Classrooms for grade 1-3 are located at the ground floor while those for grade 4-6 at the 2nd floor. I design the typical classroom for different grades differently according to the special characteristics they have in different growing stages. And the adjustable partitions between classes make the joint education possible. The studios occupy the 1st floor which can be used by all grades. These studios are seperated by partitions which are semi-open to the courtyard where eyecontacts and interactions would happen easily.
49
Black bamboo - a native material from Yuelu hills - is used as the brace of the wall, covered by concrete. Metal trellis with cables provide adequate support for plants from the green roof to cling on them, decorating the glass facade and becoming the sunshade measure if needed.
1 Drainage section 6 Straw block
The green roof is made by compacted straw blocks which are taken from the rice field near by.
3 Secondary beams 8 Waterproof
Frosted glass was used as the handrail which is recognizable to pretend the children to get hurt.
2 Wires
7 Screed
4 Insulation
9 Drainage filter layer
5 OSB boards
10 Composite soil
PERSPECTIVE SECTION GLASSHOUSE daylight heats the air in between the double glass facade which will be transmitted underground.
SUMMER COOLING the emptiness brings out the hot air and let the fresh air come in with the help from water.
ROOF IRRIGATION pipe system helps to irrigate the green roof and lead the rainwater orderly.
WATER REUSE after-clean rainwater reused in the toilet & irrigation WATER RECYCLING water tank units used to collect, filtrate and disinfect the rainwater.
WINTER HEATING energy is gathered and stored at the gravel bed and redelivered to the building where necessary.
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08
Family, Living on the Terrace [Villa for the Artist Family at the Scenic Area] PROJECT DESCRIPTION This villa project in the hill scenic area is designed for a native artist & his families. Facing to the river and backed by the hill massif, the villa is located at the cove of the hill, right on the side of the woodland path which is close to one of the hilltops. In this project i worked a lot on how to deal with the surrounding landscape & the neighbor building on the hilltop. The centripetal nature of the site surrounded by woods shapes the curve plan & the central patio. The descending trend of the terrain makes the inclined mass & the multi entrances. The patio, the glasshouse & the emptiness enhance the perception of geometrical structure, which ensure enough lighting & avoid excessive exposure. Meanwhile, the north closed facade prevents the building from prevailing wind during winter time. The overall shape of the building & the project plans are not regular (eg. the crossing â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Xâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; staircases), which indicates the liberal spirituality of the project owner.
Project location: Tianma hills, Changsha, P.R.China Individual Academic Work Summer, 2013 / the 2nd Academic Year
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BACKGROUND MASTERPLAN
0
5
10
20m
Site location - Tianma Hill scenic area The villa project is located at Tianma Hill scenic area, which is the main virescence resource of the city. The scenic spot is regarded as “urban park” by the citizens nearby because of its beautiful sceneries, especially a south-to-north woodland path in it. People often come here to ramble through the woods & enjoy the elegant river views. With a small hilltop at the southern side, the site area is 100m from Xiang river, facing to the city centre which stands at the east bank. Private villas scattered in the mountain massif, the nearest one to the site area is the villa on the hilltop with cylindrical shape.
Woodland path
Villa on the hilltop
Project owner - native artist
The river & city centre
The interview of the project owner has been completed before the designing progress, which reflects 3 typical Chinese life status ‘ 禅 , 居 , 世 ‘ which respectively stands for ‘Meditation’, ‘Domesticity‘ & ‘Socialization’.
Painting / Resting Sceneries / Inspring
“I need somewhere to enjoy my familial life, to take care of
Daily living / Reading Fitness / After-school
my wife & my mom, and get involved in the best time of my 2 young daughters. As a painter, I dream a long time to have a personal studio
Socializing / Exhibiting Gathering / Meals
in my private villa where i can paint & create freely and get access to the sunlight & sceneries which can bring me good mood & inspirations. Also I need somewhere to keep in touch with my friends circle & my guests who appreciate my art works, and that
Self Family Society
keeps me not too off the grid.”
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ISSUE 1
TERRAIN
ISSUE 2 Surroundings
Incline
1 2
ISSUE 3
SCENERY
Accessibility
The massing progress is developed under the guidance of the thorough analysis of the site area, which is condensed into 3 main issues. Firstly, the terrain influence the initial mass of the project which inclines according to the trend of the land. Half-storey is used in order to better match the changing contours, as well as 4 entrances at different floors, which link the building & the surroundings directly. For the orientation issue, the south-east part is quite open while the northwest is closed to ensure the comfortable microclimate, determined by the prevailing wind of the site area where cold in winter and hot in summer. Meanwhile, different sceneries can be approached from facades which generally towards 4 main directions, from open river views & skyline to private backyard, etc.
0
ORIENTATION
0F Socializing & basic needs Public
Private
Common room
Dining room
Hall
Kitchen
Toilet
Maid's room
Granny's room
Master bedroom
Daughters' room
Living room
Daughters' studies
Gym
Toilet
Glasshouse
Recreation room
Meditation room
Personal studio
Hall
5m
GROUND FLOOR PLAN 0.5F-1F Families & daily life
Balcony
Study
2F Inspring & sceneries
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FACADES
0 1 2
5m
West elevation & urban skyline
5m
1st FLOOR PLAN
South elevation & the bridge
2
North elevation & nearby hilltop
East elevation & massif hill
0 1
2nd FLOOR PLAN
Bedrooms, private studio & parlor are located at the eastern part of the building which faces to the river, to ensure the pleasant sights & sceneries for the daily living & the production process. To deal with the shading from the neighbor building, glasshouse is settled at the southern part of the project which becomes the main place for family activities together with the southern terrace. Toilet, maidsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; room & traffic flows occupy the the north-west part of the building which faces to the backyard & massif hill, the relative facade is closed to keep out the prevailing north wind during the winter.
54
HANDMADE MODEL
The embracing woods & the curve plan are the reasons for which the surrounding landscape is connected like a loop, including the private terrace, the backyard & the path circulation. The patio in the middle ensures the daylighting of the north mass, all the rooms & flows are patio-centric. The crossing ‘X’ staircases with natural shape represent the unbound & creative personality of the project owner——a native artist. On the vertical direction, the number of stories transits from 3 to 2 according to the terrain, with increasing story height which is more public. PATIO PROSPECTIVE
1
1'
1-1’ SECTION
2
2-2’ SECTION
2'
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Dining room Kitchen Reading Daughter’s study Glasshouse Recreation room Private terrace
8 Toilet 9 Dining room 10 Common room 11 Granny’s room 12 Studio 13 Backyard
0 1 2
6
7
5m
5
12
3
9 11
4 2
8
1
10
13
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MY SKETCHBOOK
DWELLING-MODULE DESIGN / MAY 2015
RESTORATION / JUL 2015
A residential system designed for the migrant workers who cannot afford high houseprice, sponsored by MOE of P.R.China
A membrane coverage system designed to solve the problem of the rainwater for the archaeological area of Nemi, Italy
IC
W
VIE
O
ON
12M
AX
TR ME
ORNAMATICS / SPRING 2017 M 24
A open-air pavilion design which inherites the principle of the facade of the existing Library designed by SOM, Yale Univeristy, USA
Self, Learning by Practicing [Other Small Architectural Design Practices] 56
INDESEM(INTERNATIONAL DESIGN SEMINAR) / JUN 2017 Gave an urban proposal regarding the “crowd” issue for the futural city of Rotterdam
SUMMER ARCHITECTURAL JOINT-WORKSHOP / JUL 2014 Designed a dwelling unit for the Yao nationality in Hunan province, China, considering the local climate and social reality
TORONTO INTERNATIONAL CHARRETTE / FEB 2015 Design urban infrastructural system that connects the city of Toronto through its urban ravine system, Canada
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