Bulletin #0092
autumn 2018
Young researcher driving change A study that highlighted the need to improve the accuracy of blood pressure readings has received Menzies’ top award for research published in 2017.
The findings indicated the need to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measuring devices
Peter Mathew
Dean Picone analysed almost seven decades of international data on 2,500 people to help inform discussion about the accuracy of blood pressure measurements taken with an upper arm cuff. High blood pressure is the major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease but for it to be treated effectively, it needs to be measured accurately. Mr Picone found significant uncertainty in the accuracy of blood pressure measured with an upper-arm cuff in people with mid-range blood pressure (120 to 160 mmHg systolic/80 to 100 mmHg diastolic). The data analysed was from people who had had their blood pressure measured simultaneously with a cuff and a catheter inside the artery either at the arm or aorta (the gold standard reference method). The work was published in
Showing the way: PhD student Dean Picone has received the award for the Menzies’ best publication in 2017.
the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, one of the world’s leading journals. It provided the most conclusive evidence to date of the need to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
The leader blood pressure research at Menzies, Professor James Sharman, stressed the findings did not mean that people should stop taking medication or stop having blood pressure measured with the cuff.
Mr Picone, who is awaiting examination of his PhD thesis, is the recipient of the Broadreach Holdings Early Career Research Fellowship. Ten of the Best and other award winners – P3
aut um n A p p e al
Better screening for liver cancer will save lives About 2,000 new cases of liver cancer will be diagnosed in Australia this year.
Streamlined approach: Dr Barbara de Graaff and her team are looking at targeted screening for liver cancer.
Sefton Bottomley died of liver cancer in 1950. It was another 66 years until his wife, Josephine, died and left instructions in her Will for a portion of her estate to go to liver cancer research. This $350,000 bequest is the foundation of funding for a new program of research into liver cancer screening being undertaken
at Menzies by Dr Barbara de Graaff and colleagues. Through our Autumn Appeal, your support can build on this bequest to help save lives through earlier detection and treatment of liver cancer. While 68 per cent of people diagnosed with cancer in Australia are still alive five years later, the five-year survival rate for those with liver cancer is less than 20 per cent. Incidence of liver cancer is increasing, however with early
detection the chance of successful treatment is significantly improved. Dr de Graaff and her team are undertaking research to develop a more streamlined approach to targeted screening. Please consider a gift today, no matter what size, to support this research.
How to donatE
Go to the Donate tab at menzies.utas.edu.au, or return the donation slip attached to this Bulletin. You can also call 1800 638 124 or 03 6226 7700.
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Director’s message Welcome to the 2018 Autumn Bulletin I know that some of you in the community will recall the early days of the Menzies Centre for Population Health Research. We occupied a small building on our current site in Hobart and our research was largely epidemiological – that is, we were focused on the determinants and distribution of diseases across the Tasmanian population.
It is gratifying to recognise and reward this excellence
Those early days were largely driven by Professor Terry Dwyer and a very committed Board, with strong support from the University of Tasmania (in particular the Faculty of Health Science), the State Government and the Menzies Foundation. Thanks to all these entities and to you, the Tasmanian community, we are now a much larger and more complex organisation, with about 350 staff and students,
Tackling multiple sclerosis from multiple angles
Gene hunter awarded Henry Baldwin Fellowship Dr Jac Charlesworth, who was recently awarded the Henry Baldwin Senior Research Fellowship in Multiple Sclerosis, is a computational geneticist, though the term ‘gene hunter’ might be more meaningful to the layperson. The Henry Baldwin fellowship is funded from a $2.6 million bequest gifted to Menzies in 2009 by the late engineer, philanthropist and University of Tasmania alumnus. Dr Charlesworth studies genetic differences between people and how genetics can influence disease risk or alter biology. Her primary focus is on using genetic information from large families for gene hunting. She also runs the Menzies Computational Genomics Computing Facility, which allows Tasmanian genetic researchers to store and
analyse Tasmanian genomic data securely and locally. “The fellowship will allow me to focus on my primary research interest, which is to understand the genetic control of neurodegeneration, and to find better drug targets for neuroprotection and repair,” Dr Charlesworth said. “One of the strengths of working with Menzies and the Tasmanian population is the incredible willingness of people to participate in our studies – from the patients right through to their clinical specialists.”
The fellowship will allow me to focus on my primary research interest 2
Menzies Bulletin Autumn 2018
a research output of almost 300 publications in 2017, and, thanks to governments, the community and philanthropists, state-of-the-art facilities. Our research now takes place in the laboratory and the clinic as well as at the population level. I am reflecting on our past and this growth because this year we are 30 years old. It is a significant milestone and an important opportunity to acknowledge all of those
Menzies researchers have secured significant new funding to support the institute’s multiple sclerosis (MS) flagship program of research. An Australian Research Council grant of more than $485,000 will support Dr Kaylene Young to investigate how myelinating cells alter brain circuits to facilitate learning. Dr Young has also secured a $665,000 NHMRC project grant to investigate using noninvasive magnetic stimulation to promote remyelination. A three-year $450,000 Royal Hobart Hospital Research Foundation major project grant will allow Dr Kimberley Pitman to investigate how a particular genetic mutation can cause MS in a certain subset of people and
who have contributed to our success, and who continue to back us in our mission to make a substantial contribution to longer, healthier and better lives for Tasmanians. This backdrop of three successful decades underlines the achievement of those who were recently announced as the winners of our research and professional staff awards for work done in 2017. Despite the difficulty of choosing the winners from so many high quality entries, it is gratifying to recognise and reward this excellence, and to be reminded of how far we have come in our 30 years. Regards,
Professor Alison Venn Director
whether this gene can be therapeutically targeted to treat MS. Dr Pitman also secured a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Fellowship worth almost $320,000 for research into genetic mutation and MS. Dr Yuan Zhou has secured a postdoctoral research fellowship from MS Research Australia worth $210,000 over three years. With large datasets and multiple international collaborators he will systematically investigate the role of environmental and genetic factors in the onset and progression of MS. Several other Menzies researchers secured funding through MS Research Australia: • Dr Carlie Cullen – $25,000 Incubator Grant for one year • Dr Bennet McComish – $25,000 Incubator Grant for one year • Dr Kimberley Pitman – $6,400 Travel Award for one year
ten of the best awards
Celebrating our highlights of 2017 Menzies holds its ‘Ten of the Best’ awards each year to recognise outstanding research achievement by publication in peer-reviewed journals.
Population Health Category Marie-Jeanne Buscot, for research that found that efforts to achieve a healthy body mass index (BMI) by the age of six helps prevent obesity in later life. Published in Pediatrics.
Peter Mathew
Outstanding: Research assistant Carol Hurst has been recognised for her contribution to Menzies and specifically for her work assisting multiple sclerosis research.
Story p1
We also recognise our non-academic staff with the Professional Staff Award, which is awarded to a person who has made an outstanding contribution to the Institute. In 2018 we introduced the Research Impact Prize, which recognises research that has had a demonstrable benefit to society outside the research environment. On February 26, we welcomed the Acting ViceChancellor of the University of Tasmania, Professor Brigid Heywood, and the Chairman of the Menzies board, Mr Bruce Neill, to present the awards.
Menzies Best of the Best Winner 2018: Dean Picone
Laboratory Category
Hoang Phan, for research into the difference between men and women in mortality after stroke. This work found that women are 35 per cent more likely to have died by one year after stroke than men. Published in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality & Outcomes.
Nicholas Blackburn, for research involving the genetic analyses of the Tasmanian Familial Haematological Malignancy cohort from the past 10 years. This work has been valuable as there is evidence of shared genetic predisposition between different sub-types of haematological malignancy. Published in Blood.
Saliu Balogun, for the first study to demonstrate that variability in serum Vitamin D, physical activity, knee pain and dysfunction over time within the same individual is associated with muscle loss. Published the Journal of Gerontology Medical Sciences.
Rosie Clark, for research investigating the potential role of cortical interneurons in motor neuron disease. This work has the potential to change the way the disease is viewed and treated in the medical and scientific community. Published in Scientific Reports.
Wendy Oddy, for research showing that growth patterns of breastfed and formulafed infants differ, with formula-fed infants growing more rapidly than breastfed infants into childhood and adulthood. Published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Sionne Lucas, for research into the ZNF469 gene in the eye disease keratoconus. Her work shows that variants in this gene are not more common in people with the disease than in the general population. Published in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science.
Winners: From left, award winner Dr Rosemary Clark with Menzies Chairman, Mr Bruce Neill, and acting Vice-Chancellor of the University of Tasmania, Professor Brigid Heywood; the winners of the Population Health category, Dr Marie-Jeanne Buscot, Professor Wendy Oddy and PhD candidates Saliu Balogun and Hoang Phan; for a second year, Dr Yuan Zhou was recognised for his work on genetics and multiple sclerosis.
Clinical Category
Impact Prize
Faraz Pathan, for research showing cardiac deformation mechanics can be used to predict which patients with cryptogenic stroke will develop atrial fibrillation. This has led to more rigorous monitoring and changes to treatment. Published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging.
The AirRater team The AirRater data platform and smartphone app enables people to monitor their health conditions to understand how they respond to specific environmental triggers. It provides real-time, location specific information on key environmental triggers and allows users to log symptoms to identify which conditions impact on their health. AirRater has about 5,500 users, most of whom have (or are caring for) people with allergies, asthma or other respiratory conditions.
Yuan Zhou, for research that identified a genetic variation in the gene LRP2 associated with a twofold higher relapse in early and established multiple sclerosis, published in the Journal of Neurological Psychiatry.
Professional Staff Award Carol Hurst, a research officer for the Australian Multiple Sclerosis Longitudinal Study. Carol started at Menzies as a volunteer before joining the staff 12 years ago. She has made an invaluable contribution to pivotal studies, with her depth of knowledge and caring nature ensuring that she always establishes a connection with study participants, researchers and everyone else she comes into contact with.
Honoured: Mr Bruce Neill and Professor Brigid Heywood (right) with three members of the larger AirRater team – Associate Professor Fay Johnston, PhD candidate Sharon Campbell and Dr Penny Jones.
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Researcher profile
Dr Penny Jones
Junior Research Fellow You have arrived recently – what were you doing before that? I was studying for my PhD at the University of Cambridge. My research investigated the impacts of climate change on agriculture and food security in the Indus Civilisation – a major urban Bronze Age Civilisation in modern north-western India and Pakistan. I tested whether climate change could have contributed to the decline of the civilisation by causing crop water stress.
What is the current focus of your research? I am researching pollen and its impacts on allergies and asthma as part of the AirRater project. AirRater is a free smartphone app that provides people with information about local pollen levels and air quality, and supports them to better understand the environmental
I have the privilege of working with a wonderful team
conditions that trigger their condition. As part of AirRater, we gather daily data from six pollen monitoring sites around Tasmania. I manage the pollen team and work on several related projects. These include developing pollen forecasting models, and projects that will use immunology and DNA analysis to better understand which pollen types are most important from a public health perspective. What are some of your recent findings? We have found major differences in both the types and levels of pollen across our pollen monitoring stations (Sandy Bay, Mornington, Launceston, Campbell Town, Forthside and Lake St Clair). These differences mostly relate
to the local vegetation types, as well as the wind direction. We have found some very interesting associations between allergy symptoms logged by AirRater users and pollen types not normally considered as allergy triggers. What is the biggest challenge? Australia has a very short and patchy history of pollen monitoring and pollen allergy research, so there isn’t much historical data available. This makes it much more difficult to build good models, especially pollen forecasting models that are valid over a range of seasons, weather conditions, and geographical regions. What is the most interesting aspect of your work?
I have always been fascinated by complex interdisciplinary problems, and the intersection of pollen and public health is just that. To get to the bottom of thunderstorm asthma, for example, we need to understand everything from how thunderstorms work (complicated!) to the biology of pollen cell walls. I have the privilege of working with a wonderful team of ecologists, epidemiologists, meteorologists and aerosol scientists to try to piece these sorts of puzzles together. What do you enjoy doing in your spare time? Growing veggies, exploring the wonders of Tasmania, and playing ‘Bob’ the cello.
Thank you to all of our donors for your ongoing financial support and commitment to Menzies The following individual and community supporters donated for the first time between mid-December and mid-February. Ms Trixy Adams Ms Suzanne Chatwin Mr Matteo Gentile Mr Ian J Allingham Mrs Bernice Coombes Dr Michael S Goss The Beltz Family Mr Neil Foley Ms Jennifer Greenhill
Listed below are our Everyday Angels – our supporters who make regular gifts to Menzies. Mr Timothy Albion Mrs Teisha & Mr Aaron Archer Mrs Jennifer & Mr Lionel Banks Mrs Jan Barren Mrs Larissa & Mr David Bartlett Ms Janet Beadle Mrs Kathleen Bevis Mrs Pamela Blunt Ms Kathleen Brient Ms Beverley Brown Mrs Jane Burrell & Mr Lloyd Sokvitne Ms Jill M Cassidy Dr Susan R Cherry Mrs Emma & Mr Timothy Claridge Mrs Anita & Mr Michael
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Clarkson Mr Peter Cochrane & Ms Miranda Harman Mr A M Cornish AO Mr Robert & Mrs Gloria Cotgrove Mrs Diane & Mr Jonothan Davis Ms Moya Deigan & Mr John Borojevic Ms Carolyn Dunnewijk Mrs Patricia & Mr Donald Edwards Mr Josh & Mrs Felicity Ey Dr Derek & Mrs Elizabeth Findlay Mr Peter Fountain Mrs Beverley Geard Mr Don & Mrs
Menzies Bulletin Autumn 2018
Margaret Goff Mr Geoffrey & Mrs Julia Goss Mrs Judy & Mr Trevor Grant Mr Garth & Mrs Brenda Haas Mrs Susan Haigh Mr Philip Hand Ms Tess Harvey-Mount Ms Judith Hastie Mrs Shirley & Mr Frederick Heath Miss Judy Hebblethwaite Ms Alison Hennessy Mrs Kathryn Hill Mrs Susan L Hinds Ms Di Hodel Mr John W Hudson Ms Shelley Hunter Ms Carol Hurst Mr Gary & Mrs Susan
Grenadiers Basketball Club Ms Veronica Griggs Mrs Pamela Harding
Inner Wheel District A80 Inc Ms Michelle Kennedy Ms Billie Lazenby Mrs Isabel Lyttle
Ms H Plaister Mrs Elizabeth F. Thomas Ulverstone Badminton Association
Jacobson Mrs Wendy Jefferies Mr Raymond & Ms Dianne Jones Mrs Margaret & Mr Alan Keogh Ms Margaret Knight Ms Sabina Lane Mrs Terry & Mr Ian Law Ms Anne & Mr Anthony Le Clerc Ms Rebecca Lipscombe Mrs Jane & Mr Nicholas Lovibond Mr David T MacLeod Mrs Marie Magill Mrs Betty M Marshall Mr Dugald McDougall Mr Marcus McEwan Mrs Helen McKibben Mrs Frances Joan McKinlay Ms Kate McQuaid
Mrs Philippa Micklem Dr Ken and Mrs Yvonne Milton Mr Sam Mollard Mr Peter Morgan Ms Wendy Noye Mrs Astrid A O’Toole Mrs Sally Oakley Mrs Jennifer A Parsons Miss Alison Parsons Kim Paterson Mrs Glenda Paton Mr Andrew J Pitt Mr Nathan & Mrs Christabel Porter Mrs Cleone M Probert Mrs Pamela Rabbidge Ms Jillian Reade Mr Alan & Mrs Jancis Rees Mrs Margaret & Mr Brian Richardson Mrs Jill & Mr Eric
Robinson Mrs Frances M Russon Mrs June Scott Mrs Susan Sluce Mr Richard & Mrs Gwynneth Sperring Mr Alex Stanelos Miss Amber C Sturges Ms Carmel Taylor Mrs Cynthia Tennant Mrs Brenda Triffitt Mrs Rosemary Van den Berk Mr Walter & Mrs Robin Verth Mrs Anne Warren Mr Peter Weldon Mr John & Mrs Kathlyn Wheatley Ms Barbara White Ms Janice Wilson Mrs Elizabeth Woolley Hypertronics Tasmania
Research highlights
Happy kids, happy careers
Good news on our iodine intake
Healthy, happy kids are less likely to go on to face job-related stress during their careers, a new study has found.
Menzies has looked at the iodine levels of Tasmanians following the mandatory introduction of iodised salt into bread in 2009 and the results are promising. The latest research, published in the Medical Journal of Australia, showed that the iodised salt programs have successfully improved the status of the population from mild iodine deficiency to sufficiency. The survey, conducted by Menzies and funded by the Tasmanian Government through the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), used results from a representative sample of schoolchildren as an indicator of the iodine status of the general population. In 2016, 413 Tasmanian school children aged 8 to 10 years participated in the survey, which was conducted as part of a five-yearly DHHS monitoring program. Mandatory use of iodised salt in bread was introduced to assist in increasing iodine intake across Australia in 2009. Dr Hynes warned that the latest findings could not be generalised to include pregnant and breastfeeding women or women planning pregnancy, as their iodine requirements were much higher. “To ensure an adequate supply of iodine for the growing foetus and infant, these groups of women should follow the 2010 National Health and Medical Research Council recommendation to take a daily supplement of 150 micrograms of iodine, in addition to healthy eating,” she said.
Menzies researchers found that a broad range of childhood factors are associated with job stress in adulthood. The unique 25-year followup study, published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine, compared data on factors such as school enjoyment, childhood socioeconomic position and some markers of physical and mental health in childhood with the development of job stress later on. Few early life factors have been explored in relation to adult job stress before. The lead author of the study, Dr Seana
Study: A broad range of childhood factors are associated with job stress in adulthood.
The [study] provides new information about the complexity of workplace stress Gall, said the work provides new information about the complexity of workplace stress. “These findings highlight that job stress in adults is complex and multifactorial
and associated with a range of individual factors across the life course, and so characteristics of the job itself should not be viewed in isolation,” Dr Gall said.
Diet-defining discovery New Menzies research has revealed that certain diets could be feeding the onset of depression. A first-of-its-kind study led by Professor Wendy Oddy found that particular foods consumed by adolescents may influence the development of mental health problems or defend against them. The emerging biological link was uncovered after surveying 1,600 teenagers about their food intake when aged 14. About 1,000 participants were quizzed again after turning 17, with their answers crossreferenced against personal mental health questionnaires and clinical data. Findings indicated a ‘healthy’ diet high in fruit, vegetables, fish and whole grains helped protect against depression through reduced body mass index (BMI) and gut inflammation. However a ‘Western’ diet heavy in red meat, soft drink, confectionery, refined and takeaway foods
First of its kind: Professor Wendy Oddy’s work explores the complex relationships between diet, BMI, inflammation and mental health.
appeared to increase the risk of developing the illness, most likely through a higher BMI and underlying inflammation. Professor Oddy said the association between overweight/obesity and depression was already
recognised, but the work exploring complex relationships between diet, BMI, inflammation and mental health, was another important step. “Scientific work on the relationship between mental health problems and inflammation is still in its infancy, but this study makes an important contribution to mapping out how what you eat impacts on these relationships,” Professor Oddy said. The research was conducted using participants of the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, a successful multi-generational longitudinal study which began in 1989 and has enabled many important health discoveries while informing health policy and practice. The findings were published in Brain Behavior and Immunity.
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STUDIES RECRUITING PARTICIPANTS
The Tasmanian Ophthalmic Biobank is seeking participants who consider their eyesight to be healthy. We aim to use leading genetic techniques to compare people with and without eye disease to make discoveries that will lead to better screening or therapies. Contact: (03) 6226 4731 or menzies.utas.edu.au/tob The Tasmanian Chronic Kidney Disease Study is seeking people over 18 years of age who have severe chronic kidney disease (eGFR less than 30mls/min/1.73m2) AND who are not receiving dialysis or a kidney transplant. Participation requires an appointment for one to two hours. Contact: (03) 6226 7761 or Hannah.RobertTissot@utas. edu.au QUARTET: A trial to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy (‘LDQT’) in patients with hypertension. Contact: Kirby.Donaldson@ utas.edu.au or (03) 6226 4767. The Menzies Blood Pressure Clinic is a community service offered to help improve the
care of people with problems related to high blood pressure. The clinic uses the latest methods dedicated to the investigation and management of high blood pressure. People referred to the clinic undergo various blood pressure tests, as well as comprehensive risk assessments. A report is then sent to the referring GP detailing blood pressure measures together with a suggested treatment regimen. All services are bulk-billed. The OMM Study: developing a questionnaire for mindfulness research. We need pairs of people (family members, friends, colleagues) to do a couple of online surveys. More info: menzies.utas.edu. au/omm Contact: mindfulness.study@ utas.edu.au or (03) 6226 4723. PPMS: Primary Progressive MS Study into risk factors for the onset and rate of progression of Primary Progressive MS. Contact: Phone Alice Saul on (03) 6226 4269, email ppms.study@utas.edu.au or visit menzies.utas.edu.au/ PPMS
AMSLS: The Australian MS Longitudinal Study to provide data of practical use for improving the lives of Australians living with MS. Contact: Phone Kirsty Hawkes on (03) 6226 4739, email AMSLS.Info@utas.edu.au or visit msra.org.au/AMSLS KAROAKE: A randomised trial of krill oil for osteoarthritis of the knee to examine use of krill oil to improve knee pain and slow down progression of knee osteoarthritis. Participants must be: aged 40 years or more; have significant knee pain and swelling most days for at least six months; able to have a knee MRI. Contact: Carole.Goff@utas. edu.au or (03) 6226 4648. Genetics of Eye Diseases for genetic studies in diabetic retinopathy (participants should have Type 2 Diabetes treated with medication for at least 5 years, or Type 1 Diabetes); keratconus (participants should have keratoconus diagnosed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist); and advanced glaucoma (participants should have any type of glaucoma with severe vision loss treated
by an ophthalmologist). Contact: maria.cooper@dhhs. tas.gov.au or (03) 6226 4731 AirRater is recruiting people in Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory with asthma, hay fever or other lung conditions, or carers of those with these conditions. Contact: 1800 322 102 or air.rater@utas.edu.au STAREE: STAtins in Reducing Events in the Elderly investigating whether a statin can prolong good health and maintain independence among people aged 70 years and older. Contact: staree@monash.edu or 1800 770 664. Caught-CAD: Reducing Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Families is looking for people who are between 40-70 years of age; have a close family member (parent, brother or sister) who has had a heart attack, stent or surgery under the age of 60, and are not currently taking a statin. Contact: Kristyn Whitmore (03) 6226 4235 or Menzies. CAUGHT@utas.edu.au
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Menzies Bulletin Autumn 2018
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More than flowers In Memoriam
One sentence in your Will can fund life-saving medical research. If you would like more information, please contact the Institute Advancement Manager on 03 6226 4236. Bequests save lives by funding research. Thank you.
We gratefully acknowledge gifts made from the following estates: Estate of the late Josephine Denne Estate of the late Neil Ashdown
We gratefully acknowledge gifts made in honour of: Mr Kevin R Baker Mr Tony J Coombes Mrs June Flewin Mrs Anne Foulston Ms Keiran Hofer Mrs Glenys D Jacobs Mr William C Knott Miss Margaret H Long Ms Faye Sweeney Mr Steve Tully Mrs Derris Wise