Test Bank for Business Essentials 10th Edition by Ebert by Merry0264

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Business Essentials, 10e (Ebert/Griffin) Chapter 2 Understanding Business Ethics and Social Responsibility 1) Ethics are beliefs about what is right and wrong. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Ethics are beliefs that guide behavior that is right and good. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 2) Business ethics refers to ethical or unethical behaviors by employees in the context of their personal lives. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Business ethics are ethical or unethical behaviors by employees in the context of their jobs. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 3) The standards of behavior that guide managers in their work are called employee ethics. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Managerial ethics are standards of behavior that guide individual managers in their work. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

4) Some ethical and unethical behaviors fall into gray areas, while others are widely agreed upon. Answer: TRUE Explanation: An example is the situation where an activity may be seen as unethical by some people but as a smart business practice by other people. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

5) A conflict of interest occurs when an activity may benefit the individual to the detriment of his or her employer. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Employees need to be aware of the potential for conflict of interest when dealing with suppliers, for example. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 6) Accepting and offering bribes is a normal part of doing business in some parts of the world. Answer: TRUE Explanation: In many countries, accepting and offering bribes is a normal part of doing business. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 7) The proactive approach to social responsibility argues that profits should not be spent on social programs. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Firms with a high proactive approach to social responsibility actively seek ways to contribute to their communities. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 8) Ethical values do not vary from person to person. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Because ethics are based on both individual beliefs and social concepts, they may vary from person to person, situation to situation, and culture to culture. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

9) What constitutes ethical behavior is determined entirely by the individual. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Ethical and unethical behavior is determined partly by the individual and partly by the culture. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 10) An individual's personal code of ethics is shaped by his or her life experiences. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Experience can guide individuals toward the "right" ethics responses; a cited example is Johnson & Johnson employees' reaction in the Tylenol case. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 11) Some actions may be illegal, yet considered ethical. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Unethical actions include those that are illegal. Illegal activities are always considered unethical but some legal activities are also considered unethical. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 12) A manager who discriminates against African Americans in hiring exhibits both unethical and illegal behavior. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Discrimination on racial grounds is both unethical for its own sake as well as illegal by standards of the law. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

13) Most companies have policies that forbid buyers from accepting gifts from suppliers. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Such gifts may be construed as being bribes to induce favoritism. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 14) Ethical standards relating to business practices are fairly consistent around the world. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Global variations in business practices are a problem; in many countries, for example, bribes are a normal part of doing business. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 15) Most companies have concluded that ethics training programs are not worthwhile. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Most analysts agree that companies must take the chief responsibility for educating employees on ethical behavior. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 16) A business's social responsibility to investors includes following proper accounting procedures. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Further, managers should be accurate and candid in assessing future growth and profitability, and they should avoid even the appearance of impropriety in any reporting. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

17) In the United States, there are increased expectations for a greater social role for business. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Critics, for example, are calling for tighter standards for business practices and increased control on accounting procedures. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 18) A company that does not act responsibly toward its customers may lose their trust and ultimately their business. Answer: TRUE Explanation: There are also many ways in which business is answerable to government control and regulation. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 19) The best stance toward social responsibility a company can take is a proactive one. Answer: TRUE Explanation: A proactive stance is the highest degree of social responsibility that a firm can exhibit. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 20) There is general consensus within the United States that social responsibility must take precedence over profits. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Opinions differ dramatically concerning the role of social responsibility as a business goal; some people oppose any business activity that threatens profits. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

21) Small businesses must answer many of the same social responsibility questions as big businesses. Answer: TRUE Explanation: Small businesses must answer many of the same questions as big businesses in the areas of ethics and social responsibility. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 22) Though an individual feels that his behavior is ethical, that behavior may still be considered unethical if social norms consider it to be so. Answer: TRUE Explanation: What constitutes ethical and unethical behavior is determined partly by the individual and partly by the culture. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 23) The ethical norm of utility evaluates whether an act respects the rights of all parties. Answer: FALSE Explanation: The ethical norm of utility determines whether all relevant parties receive fair benefits. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 24) The most essential ingredient in encouraging ethical behavior in an organization is letting employees dictate ethical norms. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Top management support is the most critical element in encouraging ethical behavior in organizations. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

25) A whistle-blower is an outsider who reports publicly on the wrongdoings of companies. Answer: FALSE Explanation: A whistle-blower is someone within the company who knows about unethical or illegal behavior within the corporation and reports it to authorities. Difficulty: Moderate Objective: 2.6 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 26) The Consumer Bill of Rights is backed by numerous federal and state laws. Answer: TRUE Explanation: The six steps of the Consumer Bill of Rights make it easy to implement. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Compare and contrast different economic systems. Skill: Concept 27) What are beliefs about what is right and wrong or good and bad called? A) motivators B) rules C) cultures D) ethics E) laws Answer: D Explanation: D) Ethics are beliefs about what is right and wrong or good and bad in actions that affect others. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

28) Which of the following should be the first step in assessing ethical behavior in a certain situation? A) Seek the advice of managers. B) Make a judgment based on the outcome of the activity. C) Consider appropriate moral values. D) Collect facts related to the situation. E) Gather a range of opinions on the effectiveness of the policy. Answer: D Explanation: D) The first step in assessing ethical behavior is to gather the correct factual information. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 29) What is likely the single MOST effective step that a company can take to set ethical standards? A) Offer large cash awards for whistle-blowing. B) Suggest that employees take ethics training. C) Post ethical rules on bulletin boards. D) State that the workplace values diversity. E) Demonstrate support from top management. Answer: E Explanation: E) Perhaps the single most effective step a company can take in setting ethical standards is to demonstrate top management support of ethical standards. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 30) How do top managers BEST demonstrate a commitment to ethical business practices? A) by adopting written codes of ethics B) by reading employees' e-mails C) by decentralized decision-making practices D) by cooperating with other companies E) by monitoring employees' Web searches Answer: A Explanation: A) A common approach to formalizing top management commitment to ethical business practices is the adoption of a written code of ethics. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

31) Which statement about codes of ethics is FALSE? A) Fewer and fewer companies are adopting codes of ethics. B) Codes of ethics are determined by company managers. C) Some ethical responses can be learned through experience. D) Social responsibility involves providing quality products and pricing products fairly. E) Core principles and values should remain a constant characteristic of a company. Answer: A Explanation: A) The number of companies adopting an ethical code has risen sharply in the last thirty years. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 32) Which of the following statements is MOST likely to be included in a company's code of ethics? A) We reward high achievers. B) We strive for domination in the market. C) We achieve our objective by raising capital. D) We believe in our company brand. E) We reward all valuable contributions. Answer: E Explanation: E) This statement reflects a strong corporate value and a high ethical standard. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 33) What term refers to the way in which a business tries to balance its commitments to groups and individuals in its social environment? A) business ethics B) socialization C) stakeholder consciousness D) social responsibility E) corporatization Answer: D Explanation: D) Social responsibility refers to the way in which a business tries to work responsibly within its social environment by benefiting all stakeholders. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

34) How often should an organization change its objectives? A) constantly B) infrequently C) every year D) every decade E) never Answer: B Explanation: B) The objectives of a business should change only occasionally. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the factors that influence decisions about organizational structure. Skill: Concept 35) What is the term given to the groups, individuals, and organizations that are directly affected by the practices of an organization? A) primary agents of interest B) social auditors C) senior managers D) organizational stakeholders E) local communities Answer: D Explanation: D) Organizational stakeholders are the groups, individuals, and organizations that are directly affected by the practices of an organization. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 36) Advertising for which of the following products is MOST likely to have ethical ramifications? A) swimwear B) sporting equipment C) decaffeinated beverages D) books E) alcohol Answer: E Explanation: E) Laws regulate the advertisement of such items as underwear, condoms, alcohol, and firearms. There are also ethical considerations that extend beyond the legal requirements. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 37) What must every corporation do in maintaining and reporting its financial status?

A) purchase stocks on margin B) use creative accounting practices C) support increased stock prices D) aim to maximize predicted profit margins E) conform to generally accepted accounting principles Answer: E Explanation: E) Every corporation must conform to generally accepted accounting practices (GAAP). This ensures that all corporations are held to the same standards for assessing their financial information. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Identify the basic concepts of and tools used for business accounting. Skill: Concept 38) Which of the following occurs when someone uses confidential information to gain from the purchase or sale of stocks? A) identity theft B) a margin purchase C) insider trading D) collusion E) a guarantee Answer: C Explanation: C) Insider trading is the illegal practice of using special knowledge or confidential information about a firm for profit or gain. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Identify the basic concepts of and tools used for business accounting. Skill: Concept 39) What does the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 require a chief financial officer to do? A) prevent insider trading B) engage in strategic management C) guarantee the accuracy of financial reporting D) hire a forensic accountant E) oversee the implementation of ethical standards Answer: C Explanation: C) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires that the chief financial officer personally guarantee the accuracy of financial reporting. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Identify the basic concepts of and tools used for business accounting. Skill: Concept 40) If a firm hides responsibility for wrongdoing, what type of stance are they taking toward

social responsibility? A) responsible B) obstructionist C) accommodative D) proactive E) moderate Answer: B Explanation: B) An obstructionist stance toward social responsibility means a company will do as little as possible to solve social or environmental problems. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 41) Which of the following is a way to tell how an organization is doing in meeting its social responsibility goals? A) governmental mandate B) executive summary C) social audit D) government initiative E) financial report Answer: C Explanation: C) A social audit is a systematic analysis of an organization's success in using funds earmarked for its social responsibility goals. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

42) What is the term for an activity that may benefit the individual to the detriment of his or her employer? A) agency dispute B) leadership challenge C) conflict of interest D) proactive stance E) ethical standard Answer: C Explanation: C) For example, many companies have policies that forbid buyers from accepting gifts from suppliers since such gifts might be construed as a bribe or an attempt to induce favoritism. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 43) Which of the following would NOT be included among the primary agents of interest with regard to a company's ethical behavior? A) stockholders B) unions C) bloggers D) customers E) competitors Answer: C Explanation: C) Primary agents of interest include customers, competitors, stockholders, suppliers, unions, and dealers. A business and its employees must consider ethical behaviors in its relationship with these groups. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

44) Which ethical norm considers whether a particular act optimizes the benefits to those who are affected by it? A) utility B) rights C) justice D) caring E) respect Answer: A Explanation: A) The ethical norm of utility considers whether a particular act optimizes the benefits to those who are affected. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.1 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 45) Which of the following is the BEST description of organizational stakeholders? A) competitors B) government regulators C) the officers and key employees of an organization D) individuals and businesses that own stock in a company E) individuals and groups that are directly affected by the practices of a company Answer: E Explanation: E) Individuals and groups that are directly affected by the practices of an organization are considered to have a "stake" in the company's performance. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

46) The CEO of Perry's Pizzeria, a rapidly growing restaurant chain, is committed to a high level of corporate social responsibility along with continued business success. Which action by the CEO would most enhance the company's reputation for social responsibility? A) using more nutritious but more expensive, ingredients B) cutting employees' wages and benefits to boost the company's stock price C) using marketing or advertising methods that would allow the company to discreetly reduce pizza size without also reducing the price D) packaging products in material that costs less, even if customers object to the change E) taking steps that would cause competitors to close their doors Answer: A Explanation: A) Although Perry's Pizzeria has a responsibility to make the best business decisions for its stakeholders (i.e., bring in a high profit for investors), being socially responsible requires making the best decision for the community as well. Purchasing nutritious ingredients that are expensive would benefit the company's reputation for social responsibility. Its effect on investor profits would also be an issue of contention for the company's CEO. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 47) Dara's Dress Shop was honored last year for its strong commitment to corporate social responsibility. Which of the following would MOST likely decrease the shop's chances of being recognized again this year? A) The shop has laid off two employees during the past six months. B) Fewer clearance sales have been offered to the public this year. C) An experienced ethics professional has been added to the Board of Directors. D) Many of the dresses are made from fabrics spun by unprotected child laborers. E) The shop has reduced its line of designer merchandise. Answer: D Explanation: D) A socially responsible company makes decisions in the area of human rights and employment standards in the workplace. Using unprotected child laborers for production goes against this tenet. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

48) Jana and Kate are the owners of an upscale jewelry boutique that offers unique and muchdesired accessories in an affluent neighborhood. Jana and Kate are concerned, however, that the company's commitment to social responsibility has begun to diminish in various respects. How would this MOST likely be evident? A) Other local businesses may be forced to close their doors. B) The health of employees and their children is starting to suffer. C) Local investors and stakeholders seek to invest their money elsewhere. D) The boutique's customer base may decrease sharply due to moderate increases in price. E) Employees may begin making fewer charitable personal donations. Answer: B Explanation: B) If this trend is seen across the board for the company's employees, it likely indicates that working conditions for them are not good, or that they have insufficient health benefits with their job. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Synthesis 49) Jordan is a recent college graduate with a degree in computer programming. He has just begun his first full-time job and is excited to apply the skills that he worked so hard to acquire. Though he excelled as a student, Jordan is anxious about how successful he will be as an employee. When an opportunity unexpectedly presents itself to take credit for a brilliant software program that someone else wrote, Jordan does not resist and claims the program as his own. Which of the following statements must be true about Jordan's decision? A) It was made with careful thought. B) It does not reveal anything about his beliefs or character. C) It raises questions about his personal ethics. D) It will strengthen his professional skills. E) It will not benefit him professionally. Answer: C Explanation: C) Personal ethics are the guiding principles that help you make ethical decisions in your life. Jordan's decision to take credit for, and essentially steal, someone else's invention reflects questionable personal ethics. Difficulty: Moderate Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

50) Jordan is a recent college graduate with a degree in computer programming. He has just begun his first full-time job and is excited to apply the skills that he worked so hard to acquire. Though he excelled as a student, Jordan is anxious about how successful he will be as an employee. When an opportunity unexpectedly presents itself to take credit for a brilliant software program that someone else wrote, Jordan does not resist and claims the program as his own. Which of the following would LEAST likely also happen along with Jordan's decision? A) Other recently hired employees who learn of Jordan's dishonesty are hesitant to report him because they think he is the boss's favorite new employee. B) After thinking deeply about his behavior, Jordan becomes better equipped to act ethically in the future. C) Without recognizing his behavior as unethical, Jordan steals office supplies and reports more hours on his time sheet than he has actually worked. D) The company's ethics committee agrees that employees should not be expected to tell the truth if honesty is not part of their personal ethics. E) An employee who reports Jordan's dishonesty consequently suffers from psychological and emotional stress. Answer: D Explanation: D) Personal ethics are the guiding principles that help you make ethical decisions in your life. A company with an ethics committee holds ethical behavior and good character as a priority, not something to be overlooked. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.2 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 51) Why has climate change become a major issue for both business and government? A) The body of scientific evidence is inconclusive. B) The solutions to the problems are unanimous. C) The weather patterns are becoming increasingly uniform. D) The change in climate patterns affects the entire planet. E) The effects are confined to national boundaries. Answer: D Explanation: D) Although climate change is occurring at a relatively mild pace at the moment, one possible outcome in the future of increased environmental damage is more rapid climate change. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

52) SeaBreeze Sailing Company manufactures sailboats for personal pleasure use. Which of the following would suggest that SeaBreeze Sailing Company is NOT committed to corporate social responsibility? A) Sailboats are available for customer rental only when weather conditions are safe. B) The boats are constructed from scarce or nonrenewable natural resources. C) Employees are provided with excellent vacation packages. D) The company engages in practices that benefit local investors. E) Advertisements for sailboat rentals contain correct pricing information. Answer: B Explanation: B) A company that is socially responsible makes decisions based on environmental concerns and would not use scarce or nonrenewable natural resources for product construction. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 53) Which one of the following organizations has as its primary function the regulation of advertising and pricing practices? A) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) B) Federal Trade Commission (FTC) C) Federal Communication Commission (FCC) D) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) E) Small Business Administration (SBA) Answer: B Explanation: B) The government, through the Federal Trade Commission, controls and regulates many business activities; irresponsible practices toward customers can result in governmentimposed penalties and expensive civil litigation. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.5 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

54) What is it called when two or more firms agree to collaborate on wrongful acts? A) monopolizing B) consumerism C) collusion D) brokering E) business as usual Answer: C Explanation: C) A recent example of collusion occurred when the U.S. Justice Department charged three pharmaceutical firms with illegally controlling worldwide supplies and prices of vitamins. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 55) What is the term used to describe a situation when increased demand leads to overly steep and often unwarranted price increases? A) price fixing B) price matching C) price stabilization D) price gouging E) price comparison Answer: D Explanation: D) For example, when residents of a coastal area are warned about a possible hurricane, they often flock to retailers to stock up on bottled water and batteries; unfortunately, some retailers take advantage of this pattern by vastly marking up their prices. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss strategies for setting and adjusting prices. Skill: Concept 56) Which of the following is NOT an element of green marketing? A) profitability B) sustainability C) production processes D) product modification E) packaging reduction Answer: A Explanation: A) The elements of green marketing include production processes, product modification, carbon offsets, packaging reduction, and sustainability. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

57) Which of the following has NOT been identified as a basic consumer right? A) a right to safe products B) a right to low prices C) a right to be heard D) a right to choose what they buy E) a right to be informed about a product Answer: B Explanation: B) Although low prices are a boon to the consumer and many companies are motivated to offer their products at low prices, low prices are not considered a basic consumer right. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 58) What is the term for an employee who detects and tries to put an end to a company's unethical, illegal, and/or socially irresponsible actions by publicizing them? A) fast-track manager B) whistle-blower C) corporate lookout D) government inspector E) blue sky thinker Answer: B Explanation: B) As whistle-blowers, employees generally contact the media or a particular regulatory agency. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.6 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

59) Chang is the CEO of a local furniture business. He is very committed to treating his customers with honesty and fairness. At the end of a long day, Chang knowingly accepts a $20 bill that a customer accidentally hands him instead of a $1 bill. Which of the following is MOST likely to be true of Chang? A) He has a highly developed set of personal ethics. B) His entire business is based on unethical principles. C) He has acted in a manner that runs counter to his business ethics. D) His personal ethics and business ethics are consistent. E) He learned his business ethics from his employees. Answer: C Explanation: C) It is dishonest and unethical to take more money than what is owed, which is essentially stealing. If Chang is normally committed to treating customers with honesty and fairness, this action runs counter to his ethics. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 60) What act was passed in 2002 as a response to a number of highly publicized accounting scandals? A) Sarbanes-Oxley Act B) McCain-Feingold Act C) Securities and Exchange Act D) Accounting Standards Act E) Dodd-Frank Act Answer: A Explanation: A) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires an organization's chief financial officer to personally guarantee the accuracy of all financial reporting. Difficulty: Easy Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Identify the basic concepts of and tools used for business accounting. Skill: Concept

61) What is the full meaning of the acronym GAAP? A) general action accounting points B) gradually accepted activity positions C) generally accepted accounting principles D) greater antagonistic action plans E) general action audit principles Answer: C Explanation: C) In maintaining and reporting its financial status, every corporation must conform to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.3 Learning Outcome: Identify the basic concepts of and tools used for business accounting. Skill: Concept 62) Moia is a successful entrepreneur who owns several popular pastry shops. She often imports macadamia nuts from countries with poor economic conditions, which has furthered her desire to help improve the lives of the people living there. How can Moia BEST exhibit corporate social responsibility to the citizens of these nations? A) by including labels on her products indicating where the nuts come from B) by hiring people who have traveled to these nations C) by opening pastry shops in these countries that would create jobs for the citizens there D) by purchasing the nuts more regularly E) by shipping free pastries to these nations Answer: C Explanation: C) A company that is socially responsible makes ethical decisions in the area of ethical sourcing and procurement, and community and "good neighbor" policies. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

63) Moia is a successful entrepreneur who owns several popular pastry shops. She often imports macadamia nuts from countries with poor economic conditions, which has furthered her desire to help improve the lives of the people living there. Which of the following challenges would Moia likely find to be MOST central in seeking to run both a socially responsible and successful business? A) how to engage in fair marketing practices that are cost-effective B) how to pay her overseas workers fair wages, sell her pastries for less there, and still make the necessary profit C) how to obtain the best quality macadamia nuts at a much lower price than they are worth D) how to decrease employee benefits without experiencing subsequent complaints E) how to perform a social audit without taking up too much valuable work time Answer: B Explanation: B) Being socially responsible involves ethical sourcing and procurement, as well as making ethical decisions in human rights and employment standards in the workplace, but it is a skill to make these ethical decisions and continue to grow as a financially successful business. Difficulty: Moderate Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Synthesis 64) What is a social audit? A) an examination of a company's financial records to determine their conformance with GAAP B) a program to promote consumer activism C) an analysis by the government of a company's compliance with employment laws D) an analysis of a firm's success in using funds earmarked for meeting its social responsibility goals E) a check on consumer rights Answer: D Explanation: D) Occasional analyses will help businesses determine whether their social responsibility goals are being effectively and efficiently met. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept

65) A husband and wife have just opened a gymnastics center, with the hope of training future Olympians. They desire to run their center in a socially responsible way. Which of the following should they certainly avoid? A) purchase of substandard gym equipment B) advertising methods intended to profit the center C) initiatives that decrease the satisfaction of investors D) doubling of enrollment fees for the program E) provision of attractive salaries for employees Answer: A Explanation: A) A socially responsible company makes ethical decisions with safety concerns. Substandard gym equipment hinders safety. Difficulty: Moderate Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application 66) Tiffany's Taffy Shop is known for its commitment to corporate social responsibility. However, the owner, Mrs. Wu, has learned that an employee has been unknowingly ordering candy wrappers that are harmful to the environment. How could Mrs. Wu BEST recover from this ethical lapse? A) by firing the employee immediately B) by seeking ways to remedy any harm that may have been caused C) by considering ethics training for all employees D) by ordering candy wrappers that are less expensive E) by decreasing the amount of taffy sold Answer: B Explanation: B) By seeking remedy for harm caused by the environmentally unsound candy wrappers, Tiffany will come back into alignment with the social responsibility tenet of making ethical decisions for the environment. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Synthesis

67) Pamela is the manager of a local eyewear store. She wants to ensure that the ethical conduct of her employees is above reproach. Which of the following should Pamela avoid doing? A) underscoring the importance of ethics to all employees B) encouraging and equipping employees to follow the company's ethical standards C) modeling behavior that employees should adopt D) relying on management alone to report ethics violations E) ensuring that a strict code of ethics is in place Answer: D Explanation: D) Management at very high strategic levels needs to have a common vision communicated to the company as a whole of how to enforce a code of ethics. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Concept 68) The Omega Group's mission statement conveys a primary commitment to compassionately improving the lives of elderly citizens. What is LEAST likely to be true of the company's ethical code? A) The company values the well-being of others. B) The company believes that all people have worth. C) The company prohibits age discrimination when hiring employees. D) The company expects and requires elderly citizens to contribute to society. E) The company prioritizes fair treatment of all human beings. Answer: D Explanation: D) The Omega Group's stated mission is to improve the lives of elderly citizens, not to expect them to contribute to society. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective thinking Objective: 2.4 Learning Outcome: Discuss the roles of ethics and corporate responsibility in business. Skill: Application

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