Interlink A master thesis investigating the interlink between the design process and landscape architectural tools in a design proposal situated in Nakskov
BOOKLET II Design Proposal, Discussion and Reflection
Interlink A master thesis investigating the interlink between the design process and landscape architectural tools in a design proposal situated in Nakskov Mette Væde Lykkebo, kjm371 Thomas Lindtorp Pedersen, ztr462 2 x 30 ECTS point master thesis in Landscape Architecture Department of Geoscience and Nature Resource Management Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen Supervisor: Rikke Munck Petersen February - June 2021
This booklet is the second out of two. It presents a future design proposal for Hestehoved and Nakskov Fjord and unfolds a discussion and reflection upon the process and proposal of the thesis.
BOOKLET I Introduction and Aspects of the Design Process Acknowledgement Abstract
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01 THESIS INTRODUCTION Motivation and Scope Tools and Process Nakskov 2030 Research Question Structure of Thesis
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02 INTRODUCTION TO THE DESIGN PROCESS Investigation of the Design Process Keeping an Archive Reading Instructions
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03 PROCESS AND REFLECTIONS UPON TOOLS AND FINDINGS Organizing the Process Office Space Design Workshops References Conversations Site Registration Models and Drawings Dynamics
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04 SUMMARY Challenges and Potentials
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BOOKLET II Design Proposal & Discussion 01 VISION Unifying Nakskov and the Fjord
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02 STRATEGY FOR NATURE PARK NAKSKOV FJORD Program Strategy Connections and Wayfinding Interventions Lindelse Tree Top Shelters Bird Tower Shelters Langø Floating Shelter
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03 NAKSKOV FJORD CENTER Program Masterplan 1. Connections 2. Nature Restoration 3. Nakskov Fjord Center Detail Plan A Detail Plan B Detail Plan C Detail Plan D The Air Balloon Phases
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04 SUMMARY An Enhanced Experience
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05 OUTRO Discussion and Reflections Bibliography Figure Credit
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01 Vision This chapter introduces the overall vision for the project and how to achieve this through a landscape architectural design proposal.
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the fjord
the city of Nakskov
Fig. 01: Vision diagram Hestehoved linking Nakskov and the fjord.
UNIFYING NAKSKOV AND THE FJORD The development plan Nakskov 2030 is aiming to strengthen Nakskov as the capital of Lolland - pointing towards using tourism as the main tool (Lolland Kommune, 2021).
We aim to fulfill this vision by working with an overall strategy that reinforces accessibility, awareness and facilities of the existing nature park (see fig. 02). Furthermore, we work with a detailed design proposal that turns Hestehoved into a nature center - becoming the link between the fjord and the city of Nakskov that attracts and leads people into the nature park (see fig. 03).
We perceive the existing Nature Park Nakskov Fjord as an unexplored quality of Nakskov, that has a potential for attracting more people and thereby raising the reputation and identity of Nakskov. The vision for this project is to unify the city of Nakskov with the many qualities of Nature Park Nakskov Fjord (see fig. 01).
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Fig. 02: Strengthening the existing nature park.
Fig. 03: Hestehovedet becoming the link between the city of Nakskov and the nature park.
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02 Strategy for Nature Park Nakskov Fjord This chapter consists of a program and strategy for Nature Park Nakskov fjord including three examples of the strategy implemented in the nature park.
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Fig. 04: Strengthening the existing nature park.
PROGRAM The overall strategy is to strengthen the accessibility, awareness and facilities of the existing Nature Park Nakskov Fjord (see fig. 04).
2. Wayfinding: New marks at the path system will increase the awareness of being in the nature park and guide the visitors through it. A bigger landmark will create awareness on a larger scale and work as a visual icon (see fig. 06).
This will be achieved by working with the following program:
3. Interventions: Site specific facilities will highlight the different qualities of the destinations of the nature park. The interventions invite the visitors close to the nature, animal life and cultural-historical legacy of the specific site without disturbance (see fig. 07).
1. Connections: New trails and sea ways around Nature Park Nakskov Fjord will increase the accessibility to the already existing treasures of the fjord (see fig. 05).
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Fig. 05: Connections.
Fig. 06: Wayfinding.
Fig. 07: Interventions.
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STRATEGY The proposal of the strategy is based on the existing destinations in Nature Park Nakskov Fjord (Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, 2009)
The interventions are placed close to the destinations of the nature park. These interventions are architectural elements that aim to stage and create awareness of the landscape characters surrounding them and the cultural history of the area. All interventions are formed differently to frame the specific qualities of each site. The interventions are constructed in the same materialities and shapes, thereby creating a link between the different sites helping to form a common identity of the nature park. The interventions invite the visitor closer to nature and create a better understanding, experience and reflection upon the surroundings of Nakskov.
The strategic plan shows the existing destinations from the nature park, existing trail systems, a new trail system, new guiding intersection marks and new interventions (see fig. 08). The plan differentiates between the existing trail systems of the nature park and suggests expansions of added routes that will contribute with several different new experiences of the area. The guiding intersection marks inform of which route the visitor is entering and bollards along the trails contribute as a guiding element throughout each route.
Existing trails Existing routes at sea New trails New routes at sea Destinations found in the nature park 14
New interventions New guiding intersection marks
Langeland Tårs 1
2
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Lindelse
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8
10 3 7
Hestehoved
Nakskov City
Albuen
Indre Fjorden Langø
Lille Vejlø
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Store Vejlø
The Lost Kingdom of Islands
Fig.08: Strategic plan. 1:75.000
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CONNECTIONS AND WAY FINDING New trails of the strategy are linked to the existing path system of the area and are connected to the destinations found in the nature park (see fig. 09).
Having multiple rental houses spread throughout the nature park allows visitors to experience the area, travelling in different ways.
The new trails create different routes for pedestrians, cyclists and boats.
Each route is making a specific quality of the nature park accessible to visitors:
The new routes at sea make it possible for visitors to experience the fjord and explore destinations across the nature park. At these routes, houses for kayak and boat renting will be established, making it possible for the visitor to leave a rented kayak or boat at another destination than where they picked it up (see fig. 09).
Route 1: Treefrogs at Tårs Route 2: Lindelse and Hellenæs Forest Route 3: Hestehoved Fjord Center Route 4: Nakskov Harbour Route 5: Indrefjorden Route 6: Stubbeland & Saunsøgård Route 7: Lille Vejlø & Store Vejlø Route 8: The lost kingdom of islands Route 9: Langø Route 10: Natterjack toads at Albuen
The new routes on land can be explored by pedestrians and bicycles. The route numbers are marked on the trails to inform which route the visitor is situated at. To make it easier for tourists to explore the nature park, houses for bike renting are found at selected destinations (see fig. 09).
An air balloon is situated at Hestehoved working as a landmark and icon of Nature Park Nakskov Fjord, creating awareness of the area on a larger scale.
Existing trails Existing routes at sea New trails New routes at sea Destinations found in the nature park New guiding intersection marks Air balloon - visual icon of the nature park Rental house for boats 16
Rental house for bicycles
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Route 1
2
9
Route 2
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Route 3 10 3 Route 4
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Route 5 Route 9
Route 10
4 6
Route 6
Route 7 Route 8 5
Fig.09: Connectivity & Wayfinding. 1:75.000
INTERVENTIONS The interventions seek to highlight the site-specific qualities in the nature park. The interventions use but also protect the nature, animal life and culturalhistorical legacy by letting visitors come close to nature in observationinstallations. Most of the installations are formed as a shelter and create possibilities for accommodation in nature (see fig. 10).
The architectural elements are created in the same shapes and materials to create a link between the different sites of the nature park. The material is chosen to be a characteristic material from today showing the new time layer they represent in the emergence of the landscape. The corten steel is a modern material that seems immutable compared to the dynamic vegetation in the landscape. But at the same time it copies some of the colors of nature, and does not dominate the landscape.
Each intervention is formed by the experience of the destination: Intervention 1: Tårs Treefrog Boardwalk Intervention 2: Lindelse Tree Top Shelters Intervention 3: Nakskov Fjord Center Intervention 4: Indrefjord Fishing Cabin Intervention 5: Bird Tower Shelters Intervention 6: Langø Floating Shelter Intervention 7: Albuen Toad Boardwalk Intervention 8: Enehøje Hilly Shelters Intervention 9: Vejlø Campsite Intervention 10: Slotø Dock Intervention 11: Rommerholm Shelter
In the following pages a proposal of three interventions are further described.
Existing trails Existing routes at sea New trails New routes at sea Destinations found in the nature park New interventions Intervention zoom-in 18
1
Intervention 2
2
9 11
8
Intervention 3
10
3 7
Intervention 6 4 6
Intervention 5
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Fig. 10: Interventions. 1:75.000
Route 1
Route 2
Intervention 2: Lindelse Treetop Shelter
reclaimed branch of the fjord
elevated canals
Route 3
Fig. 11: Zoom in 1 - Lindelse Treetop Shelter. 1:5000
Fig. 12: Diagram of the Tree Top Shelters.
LINDELSE TREE TOP SHELTERS The path to Hellenæs Forest passes the dike separating the sea from a reclaimed branch of the fjord which originally reached Branderslev. This reclamation is unusual in that intercepting elevated canals have been used instead of a pumping station. The old sea cliffs on the south side of Lindelse Forest reveal the remains of the original vegetation in the form of huge common maple trees (Acer campestre) (Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, 2009).
The tree top shelters facilitates the possibility of staying in the canopy layer of the forest. This is a unique opportunity to experience the forest from above and provides accommodation for visitors in Nature Park Nakskov Fjord. When staying at Lindelse Tree top shelters you have the opportunity to come close to the nature of the forest - day and night.
Fig. 13: Visualization of the Tree Top Shelter in Lindelse forest.
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Existing Trail
Intervention 5: Bird Tower Shelters
Route 8
Fig. 14: Zoom in 2 - Bird Tower Shelters. 1:5000
Fig.15: Diagram of the Bird Tower Shelters.
BIRD TOWER SHELTERS Around Nakskov Fjord there are several reclaimed areas, particularly at the southern end of the fjord. Stubbeland, Mellemland, Færgeland, Stensø, Store and Lille Vejlø, Bondeholm, Bogø, Ydø and Langø are all names on the local map that were previously 10 islands in the southern part of Nakskov Fjord. After the flood in 1872, national support was given to build dikes and agricultural land was reclaimed (Skovog Naturstyrelsen, 2009).
can be considered a cultural historical monument. Geese and swans can be seen in huge flocks enjoying winter green crops on the now cultivated seabed. Morning and evening there is busy bird traffic between the Fjord’s waters, and the plentiful larder of the fields (Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, 2009). These Shelters provide accommodation for visitors in the lost kingdom of islands and is a unique opportunity to experience the rich birdlife day and night.
Today, the Lost kingdom of islands
Fig. 16: Visualization of a Bird Tower Shelter at the lost kingdom of islands.
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New routes at sea
Route 9
Intervention 6: Langø Floating Shelter
Fig. 17:inZoom Zoom 3 - Langø in 3 - Langø 1:5000
Fig. 18: Diagram of the floating shelter.
LANGØ FLOATING SHELTER Langø was an island of 170 ha. until 1878 when dikes were built, connecting it to Lolland. It was not until 1900 that Langø got its own church, and in 1909 a proper harbor was built. The harbor was enlarged in 1938 because the fishing industry was still good, and again in 1991 in order to make room for leisure boats. Today, Langø consists of a pleasant harbor environment with drying grounds, fish markets and small paths between the old buildings (Skovog Naturstyrelsen, 2009).
The Floating Shelter facilitates the possibility of staying on shallow waters close to the coast of Langø. This is a unique opportunity to experience the fjord and provides accommodation for visitors in the nature park that you have to enter by boat, thus creating the opportunity to come close to the water of Nakskov Fjord - day and night.
Fig. 19: Visualization of the Floating Shelter at Langø coast.
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03 Nakskov Fjord Center This chapter unfolds a detailed design proposal for Hestehoved.
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Nakskov Fjord Center
Fig. 20: Hestehovedet becoming the link between the city of Nakskov and the nature park.
PROGRAM The concept of the design proposal is to transform Hestehoved into a new nature center between the fjord and the city, working as an interlink between them. The new center will attract and lead people from the city out in the nature park and the nature of Nakskov Fjord will attract people to the city of Nakskov (see fig. 20).
for locals as well as visitors of Nakskov (see fig. 21).
The aim is to unify the nature, culture and history of Nakskov in a nature center called Nakskov Fjord Center.
3. Nakskov Fjord Center: Historical cultural landscape traces are restored to display the legacy of Hestehoved and Nakskov Fjord. Nakskov Fjord Center is created to make visitors aware of the ecology, history and facilities of Hestehoved as well as the surrounding landscape of the area (see fig. 23).
2. Nature restoration: Restoration of the historical cultural landscape and display of the unique landscape types that are found around the area of Nakskov Fjord today and in the past (see fig. 22).
This will be achieved by working with the following program: 1. Connections: Hestehoved will be an interlink with new strong connections to Nakskov fjord, Nakskov city, Tårs ferry and the lost kingdom of islands. This will make Hestehoved the catalyst
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tårs Harbour
western parking area
eastern parking area
visual connection from Nakskov to Hestehoved
visual connection from Hestehoved to the fjord
the city of nakskov
Fig. 21: Connections.
forest meadow
salt marsh beach restoration of the historical cultural landscape
Fig. 22: Nature restoration.
Nakskov Fjord Center
Fig. 23: Nakskov Fjord Center.
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Agricultural fields Forest connecting to Hellenæs Skov Road leading down to the western parking area
Maintenance road
Agricultural fields
Air ballon plaza The meadow Western parking area
The beach The main path
Parking View point towards the fjord Salt marsh landscape
Jetty The beach
The forest
View point from the edge
Kuddeholm
Masterplan 1:5000
Barneholm
Agricultural fields
Salt marsh landscape
The main path
View point from the edge
+0,0
Eastern parking area Residential area View point towards Hestehoved
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Nakskov Fjord Center
Poles highlightning the historical dike
-1,0
g for locals
The Harbor
-1,5
Existing route at the sea Postbåden pick-up
tårs harbour
western parking area
eastern parking area
harbor
visual connection from Nakskov to Hestehoved
the city of nakskov
visual connection from Hestehoved to the fjord
Fig. 24: Connections.
1. CONNECTIONS Different interventions will strengthen the connectivity to the surroundings of Hestehoved. These are divided into three categorie; physical path systems, physical seaways and visual connections.
The new path system at Hestehoved connects the main attractions and highlights a visual connection while contributing to the area being experienced as a whole. One raised platform contributes with a visual connection from the arrival area at Nakskov City to Hestehoved. A second raised platform is placed at Hestehoved framing the view into the fjord (see fig. 24).
When moving the parking facilities and creating a path system to the main attraction create the distance that gives the attraction the needed space and becomes an experience itself. The two parking areas are placed close to the two main connections; Nakskov city and Tårs Harbor and is connected by a main path leading pedestrians and cyclists through the different areas of Hestehoved.
Renovation of the harbor offers several new ways of exploring the fjord at sea. In addition to the existing privately owned boats, it is possible for visitors to rent a kayak, a boat or take “Postbåden” from Hestehoved into the fjord.
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meadow forest salt marsh landscape
beach restoration of the historical cultural landscape
Fig. 25: Nature restoration.
2. NATURE RESTORATION Hestehoved will display four of the unique landscape characters found in the area of Nakskov Fjord today and in the past; the beach, the forest, the meadow and the salt marsh landscape (see fig. 25).
of working with nature is to strengthen the biodiversity and create new recreational activities that enhance the meeting between human and nature. The spatial experiences, recreational activities and ecological values of each landscape character will be undfolded on the following pages.
In addition to displaying the surrounding historical nature characters the purpose
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natural beach
natural beach
constructed beach
merging of the two characters
constructed beach
Fig. 26: Condition at the bay today - a clear fragmentation between the natural beach and the constructed public beach, caused by the edge, access and plantings.
Fig. 27: Transformation of the bay - an extended beach will connect the two characters when merging the soft edge and plantings. This will make three coherent characters of the beach.
1.1 BEACH The popular existing beach will be expanded to a larger area with a soft transition to the natural edge in the northern part. The expansion of the beach area will provide more space for recreational activities as well as habitats for more species and biodiversity. The whole bay will be transformed into one connected beach area, having a natural part and a constructed part merging in the middle (see fig. 26-27).
Small trails going from the constructed beach area, through the plantings, will make new access to the natural beach environment. The natural beach This part of the beach is already existing and provides habitat for different species. The species are affected by the mechanical environment of the water caused by the wind. As the water rises it takes organic material from the algae plants up on the beach, which decomposes and turns into nutrients in the soil affecting the plants on land. The organic material still contains a lot of salt which results in harsh conditions for many species. The plant species surviving in these zones are only grasses and herbs, as some of them have adapted to the environment. Trees and bushes cannot survive the high tolerance of salt. which makes it a sun-exposed area as well (Giversen, 2012).
The constructed beach This nature type mainly consists of an open flat space of sandstones for recreational use. Smaller plantings of grasses and herbs will create smaller private spatial experiences and make a connection to the plantings at the natural beach. The species for the new plantings are chosen to be native species that are commonly found at danish beach areas being able to survive a sun-, wind and salt-exposed area (see fig. 29) (Giversen, 2012).
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open space
tall grasses and herbs creating boundaries few shrubs planted in the rear zone
open space used for swimming and play
private zones
Fig. 28: Spatial experience at the beach.
Herbs
Grasses
Shrubs
Átriplex prostráta
Sálsola káli
Phragmítes austrális
Crataegus monogyna
Crámbe marítima
Scorzonéra húmilis
Ammóphila arenária
Prúnus spinósa
Fig. 29 : Examples of dominant species at the beach.
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25 m 20 m 15 m 10 m 5 m 0 m
Fig. 30: Conceptual section of the forest development type 22 in a close-to-nature forestry, aiming to promote natural regeneration of plantings creating multiple species in several ages.
1.2 FOREST The forest at Lindelse and Hellenæs will be expanded to Hestehoved and create a new green physical connection. The new forest creates different spatial and sensorial experiences and the different species and volumes provide new habitats for plants and animals and create new recreational activities.
greater use of different native species and avoiding interventions that disturb the forest such as clear-cutting and the use of pesticides. Instead of using the clear-cutting method where a complete removal of trees is used, it seeks to fell single or groups of trees to promote natural regeneration instead of artificial regeneration plantings. This will over time result in a forest of multiple species in several ages securing biodiversity and being more stable to climate changes and pests (Larsen, 2013).
Lindelse & Hellenæs Skov Lindelse & Hellenæs Skov is a part of Nature Park Nakskov Fjord and is an area where a large number of lime trees used to grow (Natur Park Nakskov Fjord, n.d). Today, Lindelse Skov is intensively cultivated with beech and spruce, but in the southern corner of the forest, towards Hellenæs Skov, there are remnants of the old coastal forest edge with very old naur and oak trees. Hellenæs Skov today, has an incredibly beautiful old forest edge consisting of oak scrubs and hawthorn mixed with old lime trees as well as naur, hazel and spindle trees (Natur Park Nakskov Fjord, n.d).
Our forest takes inspiration from the concept of the danish forest development types (Larsen, 2013). The forest development type 22: “Oak with lime and beech” suits the conditions of the place, with species found in Lindelse & Hellenæs Skov and has desired recreational and biological values.
Close-to-nature forestry We wish to make a close-to-nature forestry, meaning that the natural ecological processes will be an integrated part of the forestry management. This is achieved by a
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dense forest with understory
clearings in the forest
native species
Fig. 31: Spatial experience in the forest.
Trees
Understory plantings
Quercus robur
Betula pendula
Pínus sylvéstris
Crataegus monogyna
Fágus sylvática
Tilia cordata
Sórbus aucupária
Prúnus ávium
Fig. 32: Examples of dominating species in the forest.
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Fig. 33: Reference photo, education in nature.
1.3 MEADOW Large parts of the Danish landscape have been used for agriculture throughout history. These areas have been cultivated for many years and have resulted in extremely nutrientpoor soil conditions, which has become a limiting factor for possible vegetation today. Some of these agricultural areas have been difficult to cultivate due to the steep terrain and have therefore primarily been used for grazing and hay fields. The vegetation of these extensively cultivated meadows are characterized by scattered trees and shrubs with a richness in grass and herb species that thrive on nutrientpoor soils (Giversen, 2012).
of the area Nakskov. Today, the Danish Forest and Nature Agency is working to preserve this landscape character on Enehøje, by releasing deer on the island (Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, 2009). This historical landscape character from the islands is staged on Hestehoved. The meadow and the grazing animals will provide a variety of experiences and opportunities for interaction with nature which include dissemination of the historical development, nature conservation as well as plant and animal life in these areas. Small campfire sites, benches and wooden huts will encourage visitors to go for a walk or have a picnic in the meadow of flowers and butterflies close to grazing animals.
Historically, many of the islands of Nakskov Fjord have been grazing areas. The islands have for decades served as a pantry for animals belonging to farms
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scattered trees and shrubs grazing animals
native grass and herb species
Fig. 34: Spatial experience on the meadow.
Herbs
Shrubs and trees
Saxífraga granuláta
Víciia crácca
Ranúnculus bulbósus
Crataegus monogyna
Prímula véris
Deschámpsia flexuósa
Bríza média
Rúbus plicátus
Fig. 35: Examples of dominating species on the meadow.
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Fig. 36: Reference photo, Salt marsh landscape at Alrø.
1.4 SALT MARSH LANDSCAPE Salt marsh landscapes are found in large parts of the low-lying Danish coasts where flooding of seawater frequently occurs. These areas are characterized by belt-divided plant growth where the upper part of the reed swamp is kept down by grazing animals. The salt marsh is the area between the daily high water line and up to the winter high water line - the area where salt water flooding can occur. This area is divided into three zones. The grey and green zone, which is dominated by perennial species in grey and green colors that visually clarify the zone. It is the most wet area where the decomposition of dead plant material slowly takes place and a peatlike mass accumulates. In this zone, species such as Puccinellia maritima, Plantago maritima, Tripolium vulgare and Spergularia media are found. The zone of Juncus gerardii and Festuca rubra, which is dominated by the dark color of J. gerardii. In this zone several of the species from the grey and green zone are found, but also species such as Glaux maritima, Honckenya peploides
and Agrostis stolonifera. The third zone is dominated by Trifolium fragiferum, Argentina anserina and Festuca rubra, which makes this the most flourishing zone (Giversen, 2012). The salt marsh landscape is found in several different areas of Nakskov. Especially at Albuen, where Armeria maritima covers a large area in pink colors in the early summer (Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, 2009). At Hestehoved, the history of the special edges of the fjord is incorporated in the design of the landscape. By removing the dike and replacing it by nature restoration the old coastline stages the historical narrative of the changing of the edge through time. By creating a soft edge across from the harbor, the salt marsh landscape is extended in a larger contiguous area. A boardwalk will guide visitors through the area and create the opportunity for a close to nature experience with minimum disturbance of the biotopes.
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scattered shrubs
flooding of seawater frequently occurs
native grass and herb species 3. zone
2. zone 1. zone
Fig. 37: Spatial experience at the salt marsh landscape.
1 zone
2 zone
3 zone
Puccinellia maritima
Plantágo marítima
Júncus gerárdii
Trifólium fragíferum
Áster tripólium
Spergulária média
Glaux marítima
Festúca rúbra
Fig. 38: Examples of dominant species at the salt marsh landscape.
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The Fjord Center
The harbour
Post Båd - pick up
Fig. 39: Nakskov Fjord Center
3. NAKSKOV FJORD CENTER The new characteristic main building of the nature center, has a function of communicating local nature and cultural history of Nakskov, framing the ecology, history and facilities of Hestehoved and the fjord.
adjacent buildings containing different facilities. The smaller building next to the nature center houses the staff and equipment for maintenance of the area . Another wooden deck is located at the harbor connecting several buildings housing boat rental for activities on the water as well as cafes, restaurants and toilets. This area provides a space for local sailors and invites visitors to stay. One last wooden deck is located by the southern building, which facilitates docking for Postbåden that picks up visitors for tours to the different islands and other destinations of the nature park.
The nature center is an information center for visitors as well as a local gathering point for residents. It will guide visitors to activities and historical landscape traces found at Hestehoved and in the nature park. The building can facilitate different events such as talks, lectures and exhibitions. A wooden deck and a gravel pavement around the building invite visitors to
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-0,5
,0
,5
,0 +0
+0,5
+1
+1
-1,0
Main path
Detail plan a
Sheep Salt marsh landscape
Sheep
Meadow Forest
Information center Bonfire hut
NAKSKOV FJORD CENTER
Poles highlighting the old dike
Bike rental Existing trees
Parking for local boat owners and staff Part time boat storage
Salt marsh landscape
View point towards the fjord
Detail plan b
Kayak rental
-0,5 +0,0
+ -3,5
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+0,
0
+2,0
+1,5
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Meadow
Cafe
Boat rental Harbour promanade
Poles highlighting the old harbor edge
Detail plan d
Club house for local sailors The existing jetty
View point towards the harbour
Private boats
+1,0
Detail plan c
Salt marsh landscape
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+0,
+1,5
+2,0
The beach
+0 ,0
-0
,5 Forest
+2,0
+ -3,5
Postbåden information house
+1,5 +1,0 +0,5 +0,0
Kuddeholm
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Plan drawing 1:2000
-0,5
-1,
View point towards barneholm
Postbåden pick-up
DETAIL PLAN A An informative and educational environment
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-1,0
-0,5
,0 +0
+0,5
Main path connecting to eastern arrival area along reopened inlet
+1,0
Salt marsh landscape rich in plant and animal species
Shallow waters with thriving microbes
Main path turns into a wooden boardwalk and takes the visitor close to the water
Highland cattle maintaining the woody vegetain
-1,0
-0,5
+0,0
Nakskov Fjord Nature Center ,5
+0
+1,5
Wooden cabin invites visitors of the naturecenter to stay and prepare their lunch over open fire close to nature
Raised wooden deck with benches and tables for leisure and educational purposes
a Gravel surfaced area
+2 ,0
A
Grasing sheep maintaining the meadow with focus on invasive herbs NAKSKOV FJORD CENTER
Granite path connection to maritime center
Fence keeping grasing animals in the desired fold Main path connecting to the harbour Detail plan A 1:500
Rocks provide microclimates for algees, insects and other species
+2,0
wooden cabin invites visitors of the naturecenter to stay and prepare their lunch over open fire close to nature
Detail section Aa 1:200
+1,5 highland cattle maintaining the woody vegetation
grasing sheep maintaining the meadow with focus on invasive herbs
NAKSKOV FJORD NATURE CENTER
+1,9
raised wooden deck with benches for leisure and educational purposes
+1,7
+1,0 +0,0 gravel surfaced area
salt marsh landscape rich in plant and animal species
rocks provide microclimates for algees, insects and other species
DETAIL PLAN B An active maritime life
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Main path connecting to main building
Parking is for local sailors, staff and part time boat storage
Secondary path going through different spatial and sensorial experiences - from the closed space in the forest to the open space at the edge
Boat lift
Cafe and Restaurant
Wooden deck with benches connecting to the kayak rental Wooden deck with benches
Cafe plaza for outdoor service
b
Rental boats
Plant beds with grasses and stones inspired by the surrounding nature
B
Gravel surfaced area
Tree plantings covering the harbor makes it a green hidden spot
Granite path connecting to the main path leading down to Postbåden pick-up
Private boats Club house for local sailors
Private boats
Detail plan B 1:500
Main path connecting to Postbåden Pick-up
+1,9 +0,0 medium sized rental boats for visitors to use
Detail section Bb 1:200
floating bridges close to water surface ensure access to small boats
renewed harbor front with wooden promenade deck and sitting options
+2,3
main path connectin new maritime center surrounding areas
ng r to s
NAKSKOV FJORD MARITIME CENTER
+2,2
+1,5 maritime center with restraurant and cafe
forestbelt provides possibility for a recreational walk behind the harbor
+1,0
+0,5
DETAIL PLAN C An experience rich nature area
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Salt marsh landscape rich in plant and animal species
Walking in a clearing
Guiding poles highligting the edge between the shallow water at the salt marsh landscape and the deep water in the harbor
Aquatic plants
c
Variety in tree species provides an authenitic ecological forest experience
Shallow waters with thriving microbes
C
-0,
Walking between the forest and the salt marsh landscape
Different species providing microhabitats
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+0,0
+1,0
walking inside the forest
Main path connecting to the beach
Opening leading to a hidden view point
View point towards barneholm
Detail plan C 1:500
+0,5
Stones and terrain protecting the inner harbour
+2,0 variety in tree species provides an authenitic ecological forest experience
Detail section Cc 1:200
+1,5
different species providing microhabitats
walking between the for and the salt mar landscape
guiding poles highligting shallow waters +1,0
rest rsh
+0,5
+0,0
+0,0
-0,5 salt marsh landscape rich in plant and animal species
shallow waters with thriving microbes
-1,0 aquatic plants -3,5
entry channel for boats in the harbor
DETAIL PLAN D An area for relaxation and play
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Main path connecting to western parking area
Secondary path leading to the meadow
Ice cream and coffee shop
Jetty
Public toilets and changing rooms Grass vegetation creating enclosed spaces at the open beach
+1, 5
Extended beach area for recreational use
0
+1, Play ground ,5
+0
+0
,0
Shallow waters safe for bathing children Main path leading you from the forest to the beach
-0,5
d Niches in the forest edge act as sheltered areas for staying visitors
D Detail plan D 1:500
+0,5
+0,0 -0,5 shallow waters safe for bathing children
Detail section Dd 1:200
extended beach area
NAKSKOV FJORD AIR BALLOON
main path leading from the forest to the beach
+2,0
+1,5
+1,0
grass vegetation creating enclosed spaces at the open beach
niches in the forest edge act as sheltered areas for staying visitors
THE AIR BALLOON The air balloon will be the new, big, visual landmark of Nakskov Fjord Nature Park. The idea of the balloon is to have an iconic element that will attract visitors and create an awareness of both the city, Hestehoved and the nature park.
experience Nakskov, the fjord and the nature park from above getting an overview of the area. This experience will guide people from Hestehoved into the nature park as well as being a visible landmark from anywhere in Nakskov.
Having a fascinating element as an air balloon, will lead visitors to Hestehoved and thereby invite them to Nakskov Fjord Center, where it is possible to
This alluring icon also encourages visitors to share their experience on social media which creates persistent branding of Nakskov in a larger scale.
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Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Fig. 40: Phase diagram of Hestehoved.
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Fig. 41: Phase diagram of the fjord.
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PHASES
PHASE 1
We suggest a gradual expansion of the proposal beginning with the infrastructure to increase access to the nature park and Hestehoved. Secondly interventions will be developed in
order to attract people and highlight the qualities of the area. Lastly services will be established in order to increase the quality of the nature park.
HESTEHOVED
THE FJORD
Close the road going through the dike into Hesehoved and move the parking area into two new parking entrances at north and east.
Establish path system and guiding bollars for pedestrains and cyclist between the destinations in the nature park.
Establish new road system connecting the western parking zone with the existing road. Expand the beach area.
PHASE 2
Remove the camping area, the restaurant building and other built structures at the harbour.
Build interventions at the destinations in order to highlight the qualities found in the nature park.
Remove the dike and the left side of the harbour edge. Establish the forest, the meadow and the salt marsh landscape.
PHASE 3
Build new buildings, structures and platforms. Establish the new main path.
Build service houses for rental bikes and rental boats, to make new access to the nature park. Establish the air balloon platform.
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04 Summary
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AN ENHANCED EXPERIENCE To sum up, we are proposing a future landscape strategy and design proposal for Hestehoved and Nakskov Fjord, that will unify Nakskov City with the unique landscape qualities found in the Nature Park Nakskov Fjord.
and an educational purpose of creating awareness of the historical surrounding landscape. At Nakskov Fjord Center we create The Culture Center to enhance the awareness of the historical surrounding landscape, the ecological values and the new recreational facilities. Inside this building a future information center, educational center and community center are proposed.
The overall strategy will strengthen the existing Nature Park Nakskov Fjord, which has a lot of qualities of nature and cultural landscape history that deserves more attention. These qualities are important, as they tell the history of the emergence of Nakskov City and its surroundings. The new strategy reinforces accessibility, awareness and facilities of the existing nature park to provide a new recreational use and knowledge of the fjord.
New elements, facilities and trails will strengthen the physical and visual connections at Hestehoved as well as into the fjord and the city. These will serve as a supplement to the existing infrastructure, while creating new experiences throughout the site.
The design proposal aims to transform Hestehoved into a new center called Nakskov Fjord Center, that will be an interlink between the fjord and the city. This center will attract people, create awareness of the historical surrounding landscape and lead visitors into the fjord.
In the future a broader context will be seen as a part of Nakskov. The qualities of nature and landscape history will be a part of the reputation and identity of the city. New recreational facilities, such as shelters, platforms, boats and bikes will strengthen the experiences at Hestehoved and in the fjord. Opportunities for outdoor accommodation will be found in the new interventions at Nature Park Nakskov Fjord. New infrastructure such as new trails for pedestrians and cyclists and more sailing routes will enhance the connection between the city, the harbor, Hestehoved and the fjord.
Nakskov Fjord Center will attract visitors and locals with several new experiences and recreational activities in the display of the four different landscape characters found in the fjord; The Beach, The Forest, The Meadow and The Salt Marsh Landscape. Each landscape character provides an ecological value, a recreational use
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05 Outro This chapter unfolds a discussion of our process, method and proposal both in relation to the program of Nakskov 2030, the future development and the landscape architectural methods often used today.
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DISCUSSION AND REFLECTIONS Hestehoved vs. the fjord The development plan of Nakskov 2030 chose to focus on three sites to improve Nakskov as an attractive city; the city center, the harbor and Hestehoved, where Hestehoved represents the natural environment for recreational use. We started questioning this focus, when beginning to understand the surrounding landscape and the emergence of Nakskov Fjord. Our design process has led to an understanding of a landscape with a fascinating story that turns Nakskov into an interesting place with a historical and cultural legacy worth cherishing. However, when shifting the focus from Hestehoved to the fjord and the nature park during our investigation of the site, we found that Hestehoved was still an important site for the future connection between the city and the fjord, but not representing the fjord in itself. We believe that our approach of investigating the site with our own body as a medium, trying not to be influenced too much by others’ readings of the site, has allowed us to be aesthetically and experimentally critical towards prior conclusions, giving us a solid foundation to build upon.
A general understanding of the complexity During our process we have been using many tools to investigate and come to understand the site. This has given us an opportunity to grasp the complexity and different experiences not only focusing on the visual entities of the experiences since sounds, movements and physical materialities can be more efficiently explored through tools such as film, model and dynamic plan drawings. That being said, making a project in only four months puts a time limit on reaching the full potential of each tool. This has put us in a position where we have had to prioritize between our tools, which is shown in the project as the investigation of especially the new dynamic tools, such as film and plans in motion, have not unfolded to the extent we had hoped. We believe that many of our ideas of how to work with film and plans in motion would have given us a better understanding of all sensorial aspects of the site. An isolated experience of the sensorial layers in the films would have created a better understanding of why and how we experience the fjord as a unique experience.
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Plans in motion have been a new tool, why it has been more time consuming to work with. We acknowledge that this tool has a potential to unfold the sensorial aspects even more. Our primary focus has been on the movement of the use by visitors which is a great way to investigate and present the use of the site. But we believe that it could have been useful to explore and understand the development through time eg. regarding vegetation and thereby show the dynamic movement of the landscape itself as well. This tool gives the opportunity to stage how time changes the spatial and sensorial experience. This could include movement of light, sounds, plantings and animals that all affect the experience. If we have had more time we believe that these dynamic tools could unfold our understanding and presentation even more.
strived to understand our explorations through several tools in order to create a design proposal enhancing the complexity of the site-specific landscape qualities. Using ourselves and not including the daily user or locals, raises questions about the proposal being influenced by “our first-time experience as a visitor”. This benefits the project as the proposal takes its starting point in investigations from a visitor’s point of view. In another perspective this approach of the investigation can tend to neglect a local point of view. In this matter, we have chosen to trust the previous investigations done by BARK Architects and the team of Nakskov2030 to involve local opinions on the project. We are aware that a more qualified background research for the proposal would involve several local actors counting:
Using ourselves as an medium One of the reasons that we became aware of the qualities in the fjord was that we had an approach of doing a phenomenological investigation ourselves. It has been a conscious choice to do an investigation of the site using ourselves as a medium. We have
- The farmers of the area, as the proposal touches upon their land ownings both on a strategic level as well as at Hestehoved, which is turned into a public landscape park. - The owner of the camping area at
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Hestehoved as the proposal suggests an alternative form of vacation resort, in the form of new accommodation spread throughout the nature park. It would make sense to invite the owners of the camping area into the conversation about the new form of accommodation in Nakskov Fjord. We predict a line of questions could be raised due to this matter. Can the new shelters accommodate as many people as the camping? How many shelters are necessary in order to address the same number of people? Is the shelter form of resort too primitive because of the lack of services? Does it address only a small group of campers?
Hestehoved as a fjord center The proposal of this thesis is based on an unfulfilled potential of Nature Park Nakskov Fjord. Our belief is that the nature park should be the future strong attraction for Nakskov, as it consists of many qualities that have the ability to strengthen the identity of Nakskov through new recreational facilities in the area. A stronger connection between the city and the fjord can be created by establishing a nature center at Hestehoved. A nature center at this location can contribute as a gate between the fjord and the city, raising mutual awareness of Nakskov and the nature park.
- The local sailors, as it can be expected that concerns of sharing the maritime harbor with visitors might occur. The new harbor will be a part of a park, why it is important to consider how to balance the space between public and private use? This aspect could have been investigated through existing similar projects such as Ishøj Havn which is situated in Strandparken, Køge Bugt close to ARKEN - the museum of art .
Our proposal is based on an assumption of a missing connection between the city and the nature park. The assumption is a finding acquired through the design process and is affected by the specific set of tools we have chosen to work with. Through our design process, “conversations” have in particular had a great impact. The statement that the nature park was not commonly known to the locals of Nakskov today, has come to our attention through a conversation with the team of Nakskov 2030. This
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argument is an important foundation for the proposal, but should ideally have been based on a more solid investigation, eg. by talking to local citizens or based on a survey. This raises a critique of our choice of tools used during the design process, as it is fair to assume that different tools will have different findings as a result. It would be interesting to see what direction the project would have taken if more conversations with locals had been a part of the process. It might have brought other findings to the table and hereby have changed the direction of the project and thus the future development of Hestehoved.
our proposal to make sure the final outcome is in everyone’s best interest - citizens, visitors and entrepreneurs of future Nakskov. Questioning the development of Nakskov 2030 It has come to our attention that Nakskov 2030 has separated the development of the three sites; the city center, the harbour and Hestehoved. They do not design the three sites as a whole but as three individual sites. In our understanding of this development project it is important to see the city and the surroundings as one. We are concerned that the consequences of developing the areas separately could result in a fragmented Nakskov. We do not believe it is desirable to have three different architects creating three different sites competing on being the main attraction. We imagine that a place like Nakskov, searching for a new strong identity should connect their qualities and development, having the three sites complimenting each other.
Had we involved local citizens, a more correct picture of how the nature park is perceived today, would probably have emerged. We believe that our approach of using ourselves as a medium has worked well in order to investigate and understand the site. Though, we acknowledge that going further with the project it would be beneficial to establish a civic engagement in order to understand the perspective of the citizens of Nakskov. By taking local viewpoints in consideration, we will have the opportunity to adapt
This competing aspect tends to apply when considering the larger context of Lolland as well. In relation to the upcoming Femern tunnel, the three
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largest cities of Lolland - Nakskov, Rødby and Maribo - risk competing against each other. Hereby we are questioning the vision of Nakskov 2030, when focusing on being the capital of Lolland. We see it as more profitable for all parties to work together to strengthen Lolland, as Nakskov and the nature park should be seen as benefiting from each other in the smaller scale of our proposal.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Cambridge dictionary (2021) Cambridge dictionary, Available at: https://dictionary.cambridge. org/dictionary/english/awareness (Accessed: 02-06-2021).
Lolland Kommune, Realdania og BARK Rådgivning (2020) ’NAKSKOV 2030 EN NY RETNING FOR NAKSKOV’, pp. [Online]. Available at: http:// www.nakskov.nu/wp-content/ uploads/2020/04/PixibogNakskov-2030_inutil-1.pdf (Accessed: 07-12-2020).
Giversen, I., Jensen, J., Kristiansen, B., Norman, L. (2012) Danmarks flora efter voksested, Gyldendal.
Natur Park Nakskov Fjord (n.d) Lindelse of Hellenæs, Available at: http://www.nakskovfjord.dk/lindelseog-hellenaeligs.html) (Accessed: 0105-2021).
Hansen, P. L. (2019) ‘The archaeology of the drawing and how to slow ideas down in a design conversation’, in Amoroso, N. (ed.) Representing landscapes: analogue. London ; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Realdania (no date) Nakskov 2030, Available at: https://realdania.dk/ projekter/nakskov-2030 (Accessed: 31-05-2021).
Larsen, J., et al., (2013). Danmarks Nye Skove - Håndbog i skovrejsning og skovudvikling, Landskabsværkstedet, ISBN 978-87-996077-0-9
Skov- og Naturstyrelsen (2009) Nakskov Fjord Folder . [Online]. Available at: https://www. naturparknakskov.dk/naturparken (Accessed: 13-06-2021).
Lolland Kommune (2021) Nakskov 2030, Available at: https://www. nakskov2030.dk/om-nakskov-2030/ om-hjemmesiden (Accessed: 31-052021).
X-men (2000) Directed by Bryan Jay Singer. Willerslev, R. (2017) Tænk vildt: Det er guddommeligt at fejle, : People’s Press.
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FIGURE CREDIT All figures and photos are produced by the authors unless stated below. COVER Cover photo: http://www5.kb.dk/danmarksetfraluften/#zoom=15&lat=54.822546788896 76&lng=11.079947948455812
Fig. 45: X-men (2000) Directed by Bryan Jay Singer. Fig. 46: Cambridge dictionary (2021) Cambridge dictionary, Available at: https://dictionary.cambridge. org/dictionary/english/awareness (Accessed: 02-06-2021).
BOOKLET I BOOKLET I Fig. 01: http://www.nakskovfjord.dk/fotoarkiv. html
Fig. 49: https://agenceter.com/wp-content/ uploads/2019/08/BIV_CC_PLAN_planmasse-global.gif
Fig. 08: https://kortforsyningen.dk/ Fig. 09: https://kortforsyningen.dk/
Fig. 51: https://arkitektforeningen.dk/ nyheder/vejle-skal-leve-med-ogunder-vandet/
Fig. 11: https://www.instagram.com/ llandskab/
Fig. 52: https://www.effekt.dk/foresttower
Fig. 40: http://www.nakskovfjord.dk/ naturparken.html
Fig. 53: https://www.effekt.dk/foresttower
Fig. 42: http://www.nakskovfjord.dk/fotoarkiv. html
Fig.54 : https://propstep.com/da/by-guide/ amager-strand/
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Fig.56: https://perceptivetravel.com/ blog/2018/03/02/molleaen/
Fig. 38: https://www.naturbasen.dk
Fig.58: https://www.arch2o.com/180147-2/ Fig. 76: https://www.instagram.com/ nakskov2030/ BOOKLET II Fig. 29: https://www.naturbasen.dk Fig. 32: https://www.naturbasen.dk Fig. 33: https://www.visitvejen.dk/visitvejen/ planlaeg-din-tur/naturformidling Fig. 35: https://www.naturbasen.dk Fig. 36: https://fuglepiger.wordpress.com/ turen-gik-til/turen-gik-til-2014/alrostrandeng/
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Mette Væde Lykkebo Thomas Lindtorp Pedersen Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen