Special Rules in Greek 1. Things that need (mot) a. Adjectives that are standing alone. Adjectives modify nouns and if there is no noun, we add man/one/thing (mot) in the literal. If we find in our idiomatic that we do not need man, one, or thing we may drop it. b. Demonstrative Pronouns – This/These/That/Those. If a demonstrative pronoun stands alone we add man/one/thing (mot) in the literal. If we find in our idiomatic that we do not need it we may drop it. c. Participles include (mot). Just follow your participle chart.
2. Adjectives a. Predicative Adjectives – if there is an article (the) in front of the noun only and not in front of the adjective it would be considered predicative and would be translated as follows. T-NSM N-NSM A-NSM The man faithful The man is faithful. (Refer to Adjective Lesson)
3. Plural Neuter Nouns – are used with singular verbs. This is an idiom in Greek and is an exception to the rule that plural nouns go with plural verbs. Ex. T-NPN N-NPN V-PAI-3S the children hsi is running The children are running.
4. Pronouns a. Pronouns used instead of nouns as the subject of the sentence (nominative case) bring emphasis. Remember that verbs already inherently contain the pronoun. Ex. P-NSM V-PAI-1S I I am running I, myself, am running. b. The Greek Pronoun “αυτος” i. Attributive – Ex. the same apostle ii. Predicative – Ex. the apostle himself (Refer to Pronoun Lesson)
5. Aorist Participles as Genitive Absolutes – some aorist participles have a special usage as Genitive Absolutes. When the aorist participle is in the genitive case and has a noun with it in the genitive. (Don’t use “of” or “from” and Refer to Lesson 24 for how to translate these.)
6.
Subjunctive Mood – (Always refer to Subjunctive Mood Lesson)
7. Imperative Mood – (Always refer to Imperative Mood Lesson) When you have a participle and the main verb in the sentence is either Imperative or Subjunctive, translate the participle as though the main verb is in the present tense.
8. The Greek verb “ακουω” – Hear/Understand If this verb is followed by a genitive noun acting as the direct object, you would translate this verb “hear without understanding.” Ex. T-NSM N-NSM V-PAI-3S T-GSF N-GSF the man hsi is hearing/understanding the voice The man is hearing without understanding the voice.