Tidbits vernon 190 sept 12 2014 heart by Tidbits Vernon

TidbitsVernon.com ~ (250) 832-3361 Bold SeptMedias 12-18,Publishing 2014

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www.tidbitsvancouver.com Issue #00190

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TIDBITS® BEATING

HEART

by Janet Spencer

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On September 11, 1952, the first artificial aortic valve was installed in a patient in Washington, D.C. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at the human heart!

HEART ATTACK FACTS: • 37% of all deaths in the United States are related to heart disease, making it the largest single cause of natural death. Heart disease kills twice as many people as all forms of cancer combined. The major causes are smoking, fatty diet, high blood pressure, obesity, stress, heredity, lack of exercise, and diabetes. It is an illness produced of man’s environment. Before 1900, heart attacks were very rare. The rate of heart disease increased so sharply between 1940 and 1967 that the World Health Organization called it the world’s most serious epidemic.

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• Every single cell in the heart is guided by an electrical impulse which synchronizes the heartbeat so all muscle cells contract in unison to pump the blood. During a heart attack, the cells begin firing out of turn so the efficiency of the heart is lost and the blood does not get pumped. When doctors shock the heart, the shock overrides each cell’s individual firing mechanism and once again synchronizes every cell, hopefully getting them all to work together again.

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TELL TALE HEART • Heart disease is the number one killer of men and women. About a quarter of a million women will have a serious heart attack this year. It’s true that estrogen gives women a healthy edge in fighting heart disease, but after menopause, the risk increases yearly till women are equal with men. Between the ages of 45 and 65, one out of nine women will show symptoms of heart disease, compared to one in seven men. But after age 65, the ratio jumps to one in three, which is equal to that of men. However, studies have shown that in the first weeks following a heart attack, women are twice as likely to die as men. Furthermore, more women die during bypass surgery than do men. Why? • Some doctors say it’s due to a combination of factors. One is that when men go to a doctor and complain of chest pains, doctors automatically think of heart disease. But when women complain of chest pains, doctors may still think of heart trouble as a “man’s disease” and will look for other causes first. Furthermore, some doctors tend to think of women as having more psychosomatic illnesses than men. Women too are at fault, for a study has shown that they tend to wait longer than men before going to the hospital for help, increasing their chance of complications. • One cardiovascular surgeon theorizes that another reason more women die during bypass surgery is because they have proportionately smaller arteries, making the surgery more difficult. • Men suffer heart attacks an average of ten years earlier in life than women, but women are twice as likely to die from their first heart attack as men. • It’s estimated that 90% of heart disease could • Stress plays a role in 70% of all illnesses. have been prevented. People under stress are six times as likely to have a heart attack as those under little stress. • On average, one person dies of a heart attack every minute in the U.S. • The heart of a typical alcoholic may be twice the size it should be. • HEART OF THE PROBLEM • About 600,000 Americans die of heart attacks • Smoking is responsible for 100,000 deaths from lung cancer and 170,000 deaths from each year. 350,000 of them die before they heart attacks each year. can even reach a hospital. • Cardiovascular problems are responsible for over half the deaths of people over age 65. • • A quarter of the people who die of heart attacks show no previous sign of disease. •

CUTTING THE RISKS

University School of Public Health showed coffee does not increase the risk of heart attack or stroke as long as fewer than six cups per day are consumed. Smoking cigarettes and drinking coffee at the same time raises the blood pressure. The combination of caffeine and nicotine also stops the effects of many high blood pressure medications. This spells danger for those whose blood pressure is already too high.

People with coronary heart disease are 30% FAST FACTS less likely to suffer from blocked arteries if • In 1933 at the age of 58, Wilson Mizner they regularly take naps during the day. had a heart attack in Hollywood, where Females who jog an average of 27 miles per he was a screen writer. When he regained week are sick an average of two days per consciousness, he was asked if he wanted to year, compared to eleven sick days for female see a priest. “I want to see a priest, a rabbi, non-runners. Male runners missed an average and a Protestant clergyman,” he said. “I of 1.5 days per year compared to 4.4 sick days want to hedge my bets!” When a priest came for male non-runners. to his deathbed, Mizner waved him away, • People who work in factories with high noise saying, “Why should I talk to you? I’ve just levels have higher rates of cardiovascular been talking to your boss!” He died shortly disease, digestive disorders, and circulatory afterwards, reportedly with a smile. problems than those with quieter workplaces. • Walter Matthau had a heart attack in the • A study of 45,000 men done by the Harvard middle of filming The Fortune Cookie in

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Famous Canadians

JOHN HOPPS • John Hopps was born in Winnipeg in 1919. After receiving a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Manitoba in 1941, he joined the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) in 1942. He was researching hypothermia and experimenting with radio frequency heating to restore body temperature when he came to the attention of Dr. Wilfred Bigelow and Dr. John Callaghan at the Banting Institute in the University of Toronto. • This team of surgeons was researching methods of heart surgery. Dr. Bigelow believed that the only way cardiovascular medicine could advance was by enabling open-heart surgery. Based on his experience as a field medic during World War II, he was convinced that cooling the body and slowing the heart rate was the way to go. One of the challenges the surgeons faced was keeping the heart beating while the body was hypothermic. During an experimental surgery on a dog, they noticed that stimulating a stopped heart with an electrical probe could restart it, and that sending pulses of electrical current could actually change the heart’s rate. It was “a tremendous bit of good fortune,” said Dr. Bigelow in an interview about the discovery with the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame. To turn this discovery into a clinical device, they

recruited John Hopps. • John Hopps went to work designing the world’s first pacemaker. The first model, an external pacemaker developed in 1951, was about the size of a shoebox and needed to be plugged into an electrical outlet to work. It used vacuum tubes to generate electrical pulses. An insulated wire inserted through the jugular vein delivered the electric shocks to the right atrium of the heart. These shocks provided the artificial pacing. • It would be another ten years before internal pacemakers became a reality. The turning point was the invention of small silicon transistors to replace vacuum tubes. This technology allowed pacemakers to become small enough to be implanted in the body. • The first recipient of an internal pacemaker was Arne Larsson of Sweden in 1958. The prototype was about the size of a tin of shoe polish. Over his lifetime, Mr. Larsson received 28 devices and lived to the age of 86. • Today’s pacemakers are about the size of a USB stick. They may be as small as one inch (2.5 cm) in diameter and weigh as little as 0.5 oz. (14 gm). Pacemaker surgery is usually performed

in less than an hour under a local anesthetic. In addition to being smaller, modern pacemakers are far more complex. Programmable pacemakers were introduced in the 1970s that allowed doctors to choose different pulse speeds and durations. Modern pacemakers include microprocessors that collect data about how well the heart and pacemaker are working. These microprocessors can also monitor the patient’s physical activity and adjust the heartbeat as needed. Some pacemakers can even restart the heart if it stops. • Dr. Hopps retired in 1979. Ironically enough, in 1984 he himself became a recipient of a pacemaker. By this point, inserting a pacemaker was considered to be routine surgery. His pacemaker lasted 13 years, at which time he received a new one. When his brother also needed a pacemaker, Hopps insisted his sibling pay him a royalty, but he refused to cough up. Hopps died in 1998 after seeing his invention save thousands of lives. • Today the Canadian company Mitel is the world’s largest manufacturer for the inside parts of the pacemaker.

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FAST FACTS 1966. He resumed filming five months later. In the movie, he goes out the door and comes back in again forty pounds lighter. • In 1975 Philadelphians re-elected Francis O’Donnell to the city council even though he had died of a heart attack a week earlier. There wasn’t time to change the ballots. • In 1973 two white cops in New York were giving mouth-to-mouth to a Puerto Rican woman who had suffered a heart attack and collapsed. A crowd of Puerto Ricans gathered and thought the cops were assaulting the woman. The policemen didn’t speak Spanish and the Puerto Ricans didn’t speak English. The mob beat the two cops. • Les Boatwright died of a heart attack a week before the Super Bowl XXIII game, to which he had two tickets. Knowing he wouldn’t want to miss the game, his two sons took the tickets, and his ashes, to the game. • Giuseppe De Mai was born with two hearts beating in his chest. In 1894 he signed a contract with the London Academy of Medicine, and was paid $15,000 for permission to study his hearts after his death.

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Pet Bits DEAR PAW’S CORNER: I wanted to pass along a suggestion to your readers. Last summer, we moved to a new city. The day after we moved in, our cat “Lace” became critically ill in the middle of the night. With no Internet connection set up, my wife used her slow, older smartphone to look up a 24-hour emergency clinic. We found one that was a 30-minute drive away. Lace got there in time and has recovered pretty well, but it haunts me that it took us nearly 20 minutes to look up the location of that clinic. Please tell your readers that they should write down the number and address of their pet’s regular veterinarian and the nearest emergency vet clinic on their list of important numbers, and keep it next to their home phone or saved on their cellphone. If they are moving to a new area, they should look up the clinics nearest their new home and have that information ready just in case something happens while they’re settling in. -- Curtis, via email DEAR CURTIS: You told them, and I thank you! This is an era when many people no longer have a phonebook waiting for them on the day they move in (something that was almost standard 20 or so years ago). Instead, we rely on Internet and cellphone connections to get critical information. The plus side of having an Internet connection is being able to look up important locations -- such as the vet, the emergency clinic, the doctor and dentist ... and the nearest pizza place -- before leaving your old city. Having a contact list, both on paper and stored on your computer or cellphone, also is important in an emergency such as a house fire or a natural disaster.

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Canadian Tid-bits ▶ Margot Kidder, who played Lois Lane in the Superman movies, was born in Yellowknife. There’s a street named Lois Lane to commemorate that fact. She was born in Yellowknife because her father, a mining engineer from New Mexico, was stationed there. ▶ Josiah Henson was the first black man to be depicted on a Canadian stamp. He and his wife and four children escaped from slavery in Maryland and fled to Canada, living the rest of their lives in Dresden, Ontario. Harriet Beecher Stowe based her book “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” on his life. ▶ Toronto’s Rogers Centre (formerly known as the SkyDome) is home to one of the largest Sony big screens in the world, measuring 10 m x 33.6 m. The world’s first fully retractable roof opens or closes in 20 minutes. The roof covers 8 acres and weighs 11,000 tons. It’s called the Rogers Centre because it’s owned by Rogers Communications, originally founded in 1925 by Edward Rogers.

• “Wet a plain kitchen sponge and place it in a zip-lock baggie in the freezer. It’s great for bumps and bruises, tired eyes and overheated kids.” • Always rest your bar soap on a sponge. You won’t have a soap slime problem ever again, and the soap stays put. When the sponge starts to look questionable, you can replace it or just toss it in the wash with your towels. • “Sunday dinner is great for so many reasons, as our family reserves this day to be together at mealtime. It also has become a day to touch base on appointments and obligations for the coming week. We discuss what each of us has going on upcoming, and we post our schedules on the fridge on Sunday evening. This way, we can help one another and keep each of us accountable. It works for us!” • “A really nice gift for a family with young children is a family membership to a local science and history museum. It’s a gift that keeps on giving, and it’s very flexible, because with a membership, you can go all day or just a few hours to keep it light.” • A great way to organize in the kitchen is to use the space on the inside of your cabinet doors. You can install a metal sheet (to stick magnetic items to), a chalkboard, a small rack or a section of a pocket organizer. The possibilities are endless.

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▶ It was German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche who made the following sage observation: “We have art to save ourselves from the truth.”

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▶ If you live in Waukegan, Illinois, you might be surprised to learn that your property tax is 12 times higher than it would be if you lived in Honolulu. ▶ If you can’t remember the word you want to use, you’re suffering from lethologica. But you probably won’t remember that when it happens. ▶ A hummingbird weighs less than a penny. ▶ Have you ever made a bet when you’d been drinking too much, and later wondered what you’d been thinking? If so, it might make you feel better to consider the case of a pilot named Thomas Fitzpatrick. In 1956, he was drinking at a bar in New York City when a rather boisterous argument ensued regarding his flying ability. To prove his skills to his drinking buddies, Fitzpatrick went to New Jersey, stole a small plane and landed it on the street in front of the Manhattan bar -- all while allegedly drunk. The story, remarkable as it is, doesn’t end there, however. A couple of years later he was boasting about the incident, but his story was met with disbelief. To prove himself once again, he repeated the stunt. ▶ The name of the state of Idaho comes from the Kiowa-Apache word “idaahe,” which means “enemy.” ▶ Every spring, one of the world’s great migrations occurs. At the end of March, 500,000 cranes descend upon an 80-mile stretch of Nebraska land, representing about 80 percent of all the cranes on the planet. *** Thought for the Day: “I am ready to meet my Maker. Whether my Maker is prepared for the great ordeal of meeting me is another matter.”-- Sir Winston Churchill

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