Qnt 561 – applied business research & statistics – complete class includes all dqs, individual and t by mildredrichard80

QNT 561 – APPLIED BUSINESS RESEARCH & STATISTICS – Complete Class Includes All DQs, Individual and Team Assignments – UOP Latest Purchase here: https://www.homework.services/shop/qnt-561-applied-business-research-statistics-completeclass-includes-all-dqs-individual-and-team-assignments-uop-latest/

QNT 561

Applied Business Research and Statistics

Final Exam 1:

1. If the two samples are not independent, their population means can still be compared using the ____________ statistic.

. paired t

. chi-square

2. Which of the following is/are an appropriate null hypothesis for a two-sided test of the difference between two population means? 1. H0: ?1 = ?2 2. H0: ?1 ? ?2 3. H0: ?1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ?2 = 0

. both 1 and 3

3. Given a two-tail test for the population mean, the null hypothesis contains a(n) __________ sign, and the alternative hypothesis contains a(n) ___________ sign.

. ?, =

. =, ?

. ?, =

. =, ?

4. If each of a set of raw scores is transformed into a Z-score, the new distribution will have a standard deviation equal to

. zero.

. one.

. the mean of the original distribution.

. the standard deviation of the original distribution

5. Consider the following two columns that describe different types of data:

A. Nominal 1. Qualitative B. Discrete 2. Quantitative C. Ordinal D. Continuous The correctly paired groupings of the two columns is

. 1–AB 2–CD

. 1–AD 2–BC

. 1–AC 2–BD

. 1–BC 2–AD

6. Arrange the following steps in correct sequence: 1. Begin sampling. 2. Determine the sample size. 3. Establish the sampling frame.

. 1, 2, 3

. 2, 1, 3

. 3, 1, 2

. 3, 2, 1 Q14

7. Which of the following are factors that are important in determining the size of the sample needed in a study? 1. The amount of variation in the population 2. The size of the population 3. The amount of error that can be tolerated

. 1, 2, and 3

8. Populations are studied using samples because of all of the following reasons except

it usually takes too much time to study the entire population.

management need not be concerned about sampling error.

studying the entire population is not cost effective.

it may not be possible to identify all the members of the population

9. The difference between a random variable and a probability distribution is

A random variable does not include the probability of an event

A random variable can only assume whole numbers

A probability distribution can only assume whole numbers

None of the above

10. Which of the following is not a requirement of a binomial distribution?

A constant probability of success

Only two possible outcomes

A fixed number of trails

Equally likely outcomes

11. The mean and the variance are equal in

All probability distributions

The binomial distribution

The Poisson distribution

The hypergeometric distribution

12. In which of the following distributions is the probability of a success usually small?

Binomial

Poisson

Hypergeometric

All distribution

13. Which of the following is not a requirement of a probability distribution?

Equally likely probability of a success

Sum of the possible outcomes is 1.00

The outcomes are mutually exclusive

The probability of each outcome is between 0 and 1

14. For a binomial distribution

n must assume a number between 1 and 20 or 25

p must be a multiple of .10

There must be at least 3 possible outcomes

None of the above

15. Which of the following is a major difference between the binomial and the hypergeometric distributions?

The sum of the outcomes can be greater than 1 for the hypergeometric

The probability of a success changes in the hypergeometric distribution

The number of trials changes in the hypergeometric distribution

The outcomes cannot be whole numbers in the hypergeometric distribution

16. In a continuous probability distribution

Only certain outcomes are possible

All the values within a certain range are possible

The sum of the outcomes is greater than 1.00

None of the above

17. For a binomial distribution with n = 15 as p changes from .50 toward .05 the distribution will

Become more positively skewed

Become more negatively skewed

Become symmetrical

All of the above

18. The expected value of the a probability distribution

Is the same as the random variable

Is another term for the mean

Is also called the variance

Cannot be greater than 1

19. Which of the following is a correct statement about a probability?

It may range from 0 to 1

It may assume negative values

It may be greater than 1

It cannot be reported to more than 1 decimal place

20. An experiment is a

Collection of events

Collection of outcomes

Always greater than 1

The act of taking a measurement or the observation of some activity

21. Which of the following is not a type of probability?

Subjective

Independent

Relative frequency

Classical

22. Events are independent if

By virtue of one event occurring another cannot

The probability of their occurrence is greater than 1

We can count the possible outcomes

The probability of one event happening does not affect the probability of another event happening

23. The Special Rule of Addition is used to combine

Independent events

Mutually exclusive events

Events that total more than one

Events based on subjective probabilities

24. We use the General Rule of Multiplication to combine

Events that are not independent

Mutually exclusive events

Events that total more than 1.00

Events based on subjective probabilities

25. When we find the probability of an event happening by subtracting the probability of the event not happening from 1, we are using

Subjective probability

The complement rule

The general rule of addition

The special rule of multiplication

26. When we determine the number of combinations

We are really computing a probability

The order of the outcomes is not important

The order of the outcomes is important

We multiple the likelihood of two independent trials

27. Bayesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Theorem

Is an example of subjective probability

Can assume of value less than 0

Is used to revise a probability based on new or additional information

Is found by applying the complement rule

28. The difference between a permutation and a combination is

In a permutation order is important and in a combination it is not

In a permutation order is not important and in a combination it is important

A combination is based on the classical definition of probability

A permutation is based on the classical definition of probability

29. A difference between calculating the sample mean and the population mean is

Only in the symbols, we use instead of Âľ and n instead of N

We divide the sum of the observations by n â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1 instead of n

The observations are ranked and select the middle value for the population mean

There are no differences

30. Which of the following measures of central location is affected most by extreme values?

Median

Mean

Mode

Geometric mean

31. Which level of measurement is required for the median?

Nominal

Ordinal

Interval

Ratio

32. Which level of measurement is required for the mode?

Nominal

Ordinal

Interval

Ratio

33. In a set of observations, which measure of central tendency reports the value that occurs most often?

Mean

Median

Mode

Geometric mean

34. The weighted mean is a special case of the

Mean

Median

Mode

Geometric mean

35. The relationship between the geometric mean and the arithmetic mean is

They will always be the same

The geometric mean will always be larger

The geometric mean will be equal to or less than the mean

The mean will always be larger than the geometric mean

36. Suppose you compare the mean of raw data and the mean of the same raw data grouped into a frequency distribution. These two means will be

Exactly equal

The same as the median

The same as the geometric mean

Approximately equal

37. In a set of 10 observations the mean is 20 and the median is 15. There are 2 values that are 6, and all other values are different. What is the mode?

None of the above

38. Which of the measures of central tendency is the largest in a positively skewed distribution?

Mean

Median

Mode

Cannot tell from the information given

39. Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?

Range

Variance

Standard deviation

All of the above are measures of dispersion

40. A disadvantage of the range is

Only two values are used in its calculation

It is in different units than the mean

It does not exist for some data sets

All of the above

41. The mean deviation is

Based on squared deviations from the mean

Also called the variance

Based on absolute values

Always reported in squared units

42. The standard deviation is

Based on squared deviations from the mean

In the same units as the mean

Uses all the observations in its calculation

All of the above

43. The variance is

Found by dividing by N by the mean

In the same units as the original data

Found by squaring the standard deviation

All of the above

44. In a positively skewed distribution

The mean, median, and mode are all equal

The mean is larger than the median

The median is larger than the mean

The standard deviation must be larger than the mean or the median

45. Which of the following statements is true regarding the standard deviation?

It cannot assume a negative value

If it is zero, then all the data values are the same

t is in the same units as the mean

All the above are all correct

46. Under which of the following conditions would the standard deviation assume of negative value

When all the data values were negative

When more than half of the data values were negative

If all the data values were the same

The standard deviation cannot be negative

47. The difference between a histogram and a bar chart is:

The midpoints are connected with a histogram but not with a bar chart

The bars must be next to each other on a histogram and separated in a bar chart

Cumulative frequencies are required in a bar chart

None of the above

48. The appropriate alternative hypothesis for a lower tail test to determine if mean body weight of all the men who have joined a health club is less than 185 pounds would be

HA: μ ≥ 185 lb

HA: μ < 185 lb

HA: μ = 185 lb

HA: μ ≠ 185 lb

49. The normal distribution is a

Discrete distribution

Continuous distribution

Positively skewed distribution

None of the above

50. Which of the following are characteristics of the normal distribution?

It is a symmetric distribution

It is bell-shaped

It is asymptotic

All of the above

51.Which of the following are correct statements about a normal distribution?

It cannot assume negative numbers

It is defined by its mean and standard deviation

All normal distributions have a variance of at least 1

All of the above are correct

52. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the standard normal distribution

It is also called the z distribution

Any normal distribution can be converted to the standard normal distribution

The mean is 0 and the standard deviation is 1

All of the above are correct

53. The area under a normal curve between 0 and -1.75 is

.0401

.9599

.4599

None of the above.

54. The continuity correction factor is used when

The sample size is at least 5

Both np and n (1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; p) are at least 30

A continuous distribution is used to approximate a discrete distribution

The standard normal distribution is applied

55. A uniform distribution is defined by

Its largest and smallest value

Largest value

Smallest value

None of the above

56. The normal approximation to the binomial is used when

The sample size is at least 30

Both np and n (1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; p) are at least 5

The mean and the variance are the same

The z value is greater than 0

57. A sample

Is a part of the population

Has more than 30 observations

Is usually identified as N

All of the above

58. Which of the following is not a reason for sampling?

The destructive nature of certain tests

The physical impossibility of checking all the items in the population

The adequacy of sample results

All of the above are reasons for sampling

59. Which of the following is not a method of probability sampling?

Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified sampling

All of the above are methods of probability sampling

60. In a simple random sample

Every kth item is selected to be in the sample

Every item has a chance to be in the sample

Every item has the same chance to be in the sample

All of the above

61. Suppose a population consisted of 20 items. How many different sample of n = 3 are possible?

6840

1140

120

62. The difference between the sample mean and the population mean is called the

Population mean

Population standard deviation

Standard error of the mean

Sampling error

63. The mean of the all the sample means and the population mean will

Always be equal

Always be normally distributed

Characterized by the standard error of the mean

None of the above

64. Suppose we have a population that follows the normal distribution. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the distribution of sample means?

The population standard deviation is always unknown

The distribution of samples means will follow the uniform distribution

The distribution of the sample means will also follow the normal distribution

None of the above is correct

65. Suppose we have a population that does not follow the normal distribution. If we select sample of what size will the distribution approximate the normal distribution?

64. The standard error of the mean is

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of sample means

Always normally distributed

Sometimes less than 0

None of the above

65. A point estimate is

Always an estimate of the population mean

Always equal to the population value

An estimate of the population parameter

None of the above

66. A confidence interval

Always includes the population parameter

Decreases in width as the sample size is increased

Cannot include a value of 0

None of the above

67. If we wished to decrease the width of a confidence interval, we would not do which of the following

Increase the size of the sample

Reduce the size of the population

Decrease the level of confidence

None of the above

68. We wish to develop a confidence interval for the population mean. The shape of the population is not known, but we have a sample of 40 observations. We decide to use the 92 percent level of confidence. The appropriate value of z is:

1.96

1.65

2.58

1.75

69. Which of the following statements is not a characteristic of the t distribution.

It is a continuous distribution

It has a mean of 0

It is symmetrical

Like z there is only one t distribution

70. We wish to develop a confidence interval for the population mean. The population follows the normal distribution and we have a sample of 10 observations. We decide to use the 90 percent level of confidence. The appropriate value of to represent the level of confidence is

z =1.65

z = 1.96

t = 1.833

t = 1.812

71. The fraction or ratio of a sample possessing a certain trait is called a

Population

Mean

Confidence interval

Proportion

72. To develop a confidence interval for a proportion

We need to meet the binomial conditions

The sample should be at least 100

p should be less than .05

None of the above

73. The finite population correction factor is used when

n is more than 30

N is more than 1000

n is greater than 5

n/N is more than .05

74. We wish to estimate the population proportion. We want to be 95 percent confident of our results and we want the estimate to be with .01 of the population parameter. No estimate of the population proportion is available. What value should we use for p?

1.96

.01

.50

We cannot complete the problem, we need more information.

75. The null hypothesis

Is a statement about the value of the population parameter

Will always contain the equal sign

Cannot include values less than 0

Both a and b are correct

76. The alternate hypothesis

Is accepted if the null hypothesis is rejected

Will always contain the equal sign

Tells the value of the sample mean

None of the above

77. The level of significance

Is frequently .05 or .01

Can be any value between 0 and 1.

Is the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.

All of the above.

78. A Type I error is

The correct decision

A value determined from the test statistic

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true

Accepting the null hypothesis when it is false.

79. The critical value is

Calculated from sample information

Cannot be negative

The point that divides the acceptance region from the rejection region

A value determined from the test statistic

80. In a one-tailed test

The rejection region is in one of the tails

The rejection region is split between the tails

The p-value is always less than the significance level

The p-value is always more than the significance level

81. To conduct a one sample test of means and use the z distribution as the test statistic

We need to know the population mean

We can use the sample standard deviation provided np is at least 30

We need np to be at least 5

Both a and b are correct

82. A p-value is

The same as the population proportion

The same as the significance level

The fraction of the population that has a particular characteristic

The probability of finding a value of the test statistic this extreme when the null hypothesis is true

83. A Type II error occurs when

We accept a false null hypothesis

We reject a true alternate hypothesis

We reject a false null hypothesis

None of the above

84. Which of the following statements are correct when deciding whether to use the z or the t distribution?

Use z when the sample size is 30 or more

Use z when we have a normal population and we know the standard deviation

C. Use t when the population is normal, the population standard deviation is not known, and n is less than 30

All of the above statements are correct

85. In a two-sample test of means for independent samples, the equal sign always appears in

The null hypothesis

The alternate hypothesis

The upper tail of the test statistic

None of the above

86. In a two-sample test of means for independent samples, we use the z distribution when

The population standard deviations are equal

Both populations are positively skewed

Both samples are at least 30

n and n(1-) are both greater than 5

87. Which of the following is a requirement for a two-sample test of proportions

The population standard deviations are equal.

Both populations are positively skewed

Both samples are at least 30.

n and n(1-) are both greater than 5

88. Which of the following is not a requirement for the two-sample test of means for independent samples when both samples contain less than 30 observations?

Normal populations

Equal population standard deviations

Equal sample sizes

All of the above are required.

89. To conduct a test of hypothesis for dependent samples we assume that

The distribution of the difference between the paired observations follows the normal distribution

Both samples are at least 30

The samples are unrelated

All of the above

90. When conducting a test of hypothesis for the dependent samples

We should have at least 30 pairs.

The significance level is more than .05.

The p-value is more than .10.

None of the above

91. Which of the following is not necessary to determine a p-value?

Knowledge of whether the test is one-tailed or two-tailed

The value of the test statistic

The level of significance

All of the above are needed

92. In a two-way ANOVA the second source of variation is due to

Random error

Blocks

Total variation

None of the above

93. Suppose we conduct an ANOVA test of four treatment means and reject the null hypothesis. Construction of a confidence interval for the difference between the first and second sample mean revealed the interval to be 10 plus or minus 12. We conclude

This pair of means differ

This pair of means does not differ

Because we do not know the units involved, we cannot draw any conclusion

Because we do not know the degrees of freedom, we cannot draw any conclusion

94. Which of the following is not an assumption required for ANOVA?

The populations are normally distributed

The populations have equal standard deviations

The samples are independent.

All of the above.

95. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the F distribution?

It is a discrete distribution

In cannot be negative

It is based on two sets of degrees of freedom

All of the above

96. In a multiple regression equation there

Are two or more independent variables

Is only one dependent variable

Is one intercept value

All of the above

97. A dummy variable or indicator variable

May assume only a value of 0 or 1

Is another term for the dependent variable

Is found by (Y – Y’)

Is equal to Y’

98. In the ANOVA table the value of k is

The number of independent variables

The total number of observations

The number of degrees of freedom

The sum of squares total

99. Multicollinearity occurs when

The residuals are correlated

Time is involved in the analysis

The independent variables are correlated

The residuals are not constant for all Yâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; values

100. A correlation matrix

Shows all simple coefficients of correlation

Shows all possible net regression coefficients

Shows the correlations that are positive

Reports the multiple regression equation

101. To conduct a nonparametric test the

Population must follow the normal distribution

The standard deviation must be known

It is not necessary to make any assumption about the shape of the population

The data must be at least interval scale

102. In a goodness-of-fit test where the sample size is 200, there are 5 categories, and the significance level is .05. The critical value of X2 is

9.488

11.070

43.773

None of the above

103. In a goodness-of-fit test

All the cell frequencies must be the same

There must be at least 30 observations

Forty percent of the cells must contain at least 10 observations

None of the above

104. In a contingency table

The number of rows must be the same as the number of columns

A variable is classified according to two criteria

There must be at least 10 observations in each cell

All of the above

105. In a contingency table a sample of 400 people is classified by gender and hair color (4 groups: blond, brown, black, and red). How many degrees of freedom are there?

399

None of the above

106. To find the expected frequency in a contingency table

Take the square root of the degrees of freedom

Multiple the row total by the column total and divide the result by the grand total

Use the total number of observations minus one

None of these

107. Suppose we select a sample of 100 observations and organize them into 6 categories. We wish to investigate whether the number of observations could be the same in each of the categories in the population. How many degrees of freedom are there?

None of these

108. To conduct the sign test, we assume

The population is normally distributed

The scale of measurement is interval

The samples are dependent

There are at least 20 observations in the sample

109. An index

Shows a percent change from one period to another

Must be larger than 100

Can employ qualitative data

Cannot assume negative values

Final Exam 2:

1. The role of statistics is business research is to capture a populationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s characteristics by using inferential statistics from a sampleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s characteristics

2. The difference between business research and scientific research is that business research does not involve a hypothesis

Business research usually requires use of the both qualitative and quantitative data

4. A sample does not need to be representative of the larger population as long as the sample is large enough

A research design is always based on a research question â&#x20AC;&#x201C; True

A theory is a statement about a population parameter developed for testing

The z-test statistic is used when performing a small sample (<30) test of means

The test of whether two variables are related results in an ANOVA table

Correlation analysis is the study of the relationship between variables

10.

A correlation of -.25 is weaker than a correlation of +.15

1) Which of the following measures of central location is affected most by extreme values?

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Geometric mean

D. Mode

2) Which level of measurement is required for the mode?

A. Ordinal

B. Nominal

C. Ratio

D. Interval

3) A difference between calculating the sample mean and the population mean is:

A. We divide the sum of the observations by n â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1 instead of n

B. Only in the symbols, we use instead of Âľ and n instead of N.

C. There are no differences.

D. The observations are ranked and select the middle value for the population mean.

4) In which of the following distributions is the probability of a success usually small?

A. Poisson

B. Binomial

C. All distribution

D. Hypergeometric

5) The difference between a random variable and a probability distribution is:

A. A random variable does not include the probability of an event.

B. A random variable can only assume whole numbers.

C. A probability distribution can only assume whole numbers.

D. None of the above.

6) The mean and the variance are equal in

A. The hypergeometric distribution.

B. The binomial distribution.

C. All probability distributions.

D. The Poisson distribution.

7) In a simple random sample

A. Every Kth item is selected to be in the sample.

B. Every item has a chance to be in the sample.

C. Every item has the same chance to be in the sample.

D. All of these

8) A sample

A. Is part of the population.

B. Has more than 30 observations.

C. Is usually identified as N.

D. All of these

9) The difference between the sample mean and the population mean is called the

A. Sampling error.

B. Population standard deviation.

C. Population mean.

D. Standard error of the mean.

10) We wish to develop a confidence interval for the population mean. The shape of the population is not known, but we have a sample of 40 observations. We decide to use the 92% level of confidence. The appropriate value of z is:

A. 1.75

B. 1.65

C. 1.96

D. 2.58

11) We wish to develop a confidence interval for the population mean. The population follows the normal distribution, the standard deviation of the population is 3, and we have a sample of 10 observations. We decide to use the 90% level of confidence. The appropriate value of to represent the level of confidence is

A. t=1.812

B. z=1.96

C. z =1.65

D. t=1.833

12) A point estimate is

A. Always an estimate of the population mean.

B. Always equal to the population value.

C. An estimate of the population parameter.

D. None of these

13) We use the General Rule of Multiplication to combine

A. Events based on subjective probabilities

B. Mutually exclusive events.

C. Events that are not independent.

D. Events that total more than 1.00.

14) An experiment is a:

A. The act of taking a measurement or the observation of some activity.

B. Collection of outcomes.

C. Collection of events

D. Always greater than 1.

15) Which of the following is a correct statement about a probability?

A. It cannot be reported to more than 1 decimal place.

B. It may assume negative values.

C. It may range from 0 to 1.

D. It may be greater than 1.

16) Which of the following statements is true regarding a population?

A. It must be a large number of values.

B. It must refer to people.

C. It is a collection of individuals, objects, or measurements.

D. None of these

17) Which of the following statements is true regarding a sample?

A. It is a part of population.

B. It must contain at least five observations.

C. It refers to descriptive statistics

D. All of these are correct

18) A discrete variable is

A. Cannot be negative.

B. Can assume only whole number values.

C. An example of a qualitative variable.

D. Can assume only certain clearly separated values

19) In a two-sample test of means for independent samples, the equal sign always appears in

A. The null hypothesis.

B. The alternate hypothesis.

C. The upper tail of the test statistic.

D. None of these

20) In a two-sample test of means for independent samples, we use the z distribution when

A. nB and n(1-B) are both greater than 5.

B. Both populations have at least 4,000 observations.

C. The population standard deviations are equal.

D. Both population standard deviations are known.

21) A Type I error is

A. Accepting the null hypothesis when it is false.

B. A value determined from the test statistic

C. The correct decision

D. Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true

22) To conduct a nonparametric test the.

A. The data must be at least interval scale.

B. The standard deviation must be known.

C. Population must follow the normal distribution.

D. It is not necessary to make any assumption about the shape of the population.

23) In a contingency table a sample of 400 people is classified by gender and hair color (4 groups: blond, brown, black, and red). How many degrees of freedom are there?

A. 3

B. 8

C. 399

D. None of these

24) In a contingency table

A. The number of rows must be the same as the number of columns.

B. A variable is classified according to two criteria.

C. There must be at least 10 observations in each cell.

D. All of these

25) The multiple standard error of estimate is

A. Is based on the (Y â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Y)2.

B. Is negative when one of the net regression coefficients is 0.

C. Is found by taking the square root of SSR/SS total.

D. All of these

26) In the ANOVA table the value of k is

A. The sum of squares total.

B. The total number of observations

C. The number of independent variables.

D. The number of degrees of freedom.

27) A dummy variable or indicator variable

A. Is equal to Y

B. Is another term for the dependent variable.

C. May assume only a value of 0 or 1.

D. Is found by (Y â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Y).

Final Exam 3:

TRUE/FALSE: Mark the answers by circling T if the statement is true or F if the statement is false.

T F Q1: The number of individuals in a family is a continuous variable.

T F Q2: T-distributions are spread out more than a normal distribution with MU = 0, SIGMA = 1.

T F Q3: A random sample of 64 cars passing a check point on a certain highway showed a mean speed of 60 mph. The standard deviation of speeds is known to be 15 mph. In this case 60 mph is a point estimate of the population mean speed on this highway.

T F Q4: According to the Central Limit Theorem, the shape of the sampling distribution of sample mean (given that n â&#x2030;Ľ 30) will be normal, whether or not the shape of the population is normal.

T F Q5: If the sample size is large (n â&#x2030;Ľ 30), the standard deviation of the sample mean will equal the population standard deviation for that random variable.

T F Q6: Level of confidence is another name for level of significance.

T F Q7: If we would reject a null hypothesis at the 5% level, we would also reject it at the 1% level.

T F Q8: A Type I error is committed when one accepts the null hypothesis when it is false.

T F Q9: In a one-way ANOVA, when the null hypothesis is false, the calculated F-ratio would exceed the critical value of F for the chosen significance level.

T F Q10: Rejection of a hypothesis using a nonparametric test is more convincing than using an equivalent parametric test when the data are badly skewed.

T F Q11: Most nonparametric tests assume ordinal data.

T F Q12: One of the assumptions of regression analysis is that the error terms are normally distributed.

(Questions 13 to 30 are 1/2 point each)

MULTIPLE CHOICES: Select the correct answer in each of Questions 11 to 25. There is only one correct answer to each question.

Q13: What area under the standard normal curve falls outside the Z values -1.96 and 1.96?

a. 0.05

b. 0.01

c. 0.90

d. 0.10

Q14: If each of a set of raw scores is transformed into a Z-score, the new distribution will have a standard deviation equal to

a. zero.

b. one.

c. the mean of the original distribution.

d. the standard deviation of the original distribution.

Q15: Which of the following random variables are continuous and which are discrete?

1. Score in a IQ Test

2. number of kittens in a litter

3. number of cars crossing a Traffic Light in one hour

4. the number of rainy days in a month

a. 1, 2 continuous; 3, 4 discrete

b. 1, 3, 4 continuous; 2 discrete

c. 4 continuous; 1, 2, 3 discrete

d. 1 continuous; 2, 3, 4 discrete

Q16: A factor that is varied by an experimenter in order to assess its effect is known as a(n):

a. dependent variable

b. independent variable

c. control variable

d. none of the above

Q17: For studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; distribution, 90 percent of the area lies between t = -1.895 and t = 1.895 if the degrees of freedom are:

a. 6

b. 3

c. 7

d. 8

Q18: When (for what level of confidence) do we use Z = 1.645, for a two-sided test or confidence interval?

a. 90%

b. 95%

c. 80%

d. 100%

Q19: In finding confidence intervals for the mean of a normal population by using a t-statistic, student A uses a confidence coefficient of 0.95 while student B uses 0.99. Which one of the following statements is true about the length of the confidence intervals found by A and B?

a. B’s interval will always be smaller than A’s interval

b. B’s interval will usually be smaller than A’s interval

c. B’s interval will always be larger than A’s interval

d. B’s interval will usually be larger than A’s interval

Q20: We know the mean MU of a population. Suppose 1,000 samples of size n are drawn from this population. For each sample we compute a 90% confidence interval for MU. We would expect the mean of the population would NOT be contained within approximately how many of these intervals?

a. 0

b. 10

c. 100

d. 900

Q21: If the P-value for your test statistic satisfies p > .25, then:

a. you would not reject H(O) for ALPHA = .05

b. you would reject H(O) for ALPHA = .05

c. you would reject H(O) for ALPHA = .10

d. you would reject H(O) for ALPHA = .01

Q22:The appropriate alternative hypothesis for a lower tail test to determine if mean body weight of all the men who have joined a health club is less than 185 pounds would be

a. HA: Îź â&#x2030;Ľ 185 lb.

b. HA: μ < 185 lb.

c. HA: μ = 185 lb.

d. HA: μ ≠ 185 lb.

Q23: The e-mail usage for two different plants of a large company was compared at level of significance 0.05. A sample of 100 employees was selected at each plant. The mean number of e-mail messages sent per employee for one plant was 16 per week and the standard deviation was 4. For the other plant, the mean was 15 and the standard deviation was 3. For the test of equal population means versus unequal population means, the absolute value for the computed test statistic, the critical values, and the p-value respectively are:

a. 2, ± 1.96, 0.0455

b. 3, ± 2.33, 0.0027

c. 3, ± 1.96, 0.0455

d. 2, ± 1.65, 0.0455

Q24: Three samples of 10 were used to compare 3 population means. If the Sum of Squares Treatment (SST) is 350, what is the value for the Mean Square Treatment (MST)?

a. 350

b. 175

c. 35

d. 13

Q25: Which nonparametric test is analogous to a parametric two-sample t-test for means?

a. Wald-Wolfowitz test

b. Wilcoxon signed rank test

c. Mann-Whitney test

d. Kruskal-Wallis test

Q26: Which nonparametric test is analogous to a parametric t-test for differences in paired data?

a. Wald-Wolfowitz test

b. Wilcoxon signed rank test

c. Mann-Whitney test

d. Kruskal-Wallis test

Q27: Which nonparametric test is analogous to a one-factor ANOVA?

a. Wald-Wolfowitz test

b. Wilcoxon signed rank test

c. Mann-Whitney test

d. Kruskal-Wallis test

Q28: A linear regression between Y and X produced the following equation for the least squares line:

= -4.3 + 2.1x

Which of the following statements concerning this relationship is true?

a. For every one-unit increase in X, Y increases 4.3 units.

b. For every one-unit increase in X, Y decreases 2.1 units.

c. For every one-unit increase in X, Y decreases 4.3 units.

d. For every one-unit increase in X, Y increases 2.1 units.

Q29: The difference between an observed value of the dependent variable and its predicted value obtained from the regression equation is called a(n)

a. extrapolation.

b. interpolation.

c. residual.

d. mean deviation.

Q30: A regression line has been found and the statistician wants to know if the line has a slope. What is the appropriate null hypothesis to test?

a. H0: β1 = 0.

b. H0: β1 > 0.

c. H0: β1 < 0.

d. H0: β1 ≠ 0.

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