The Scoop Online - February 2022 by Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association

VOLUNTEER VOICES

GET PAID FOR YOUR WORK

MDA REPORT

JUMPING WORMS FOUND

ALSO INSIDE:

THE WORLD OF CONIFERS PLUS:

WHAT’S YOUR GARDEN MAINTENANCE STYLE? february 2022 n v45 n2

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MINNESOTA NURSERY & LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATION

2022 EARLY ORDER

Discounts DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE ON ALL YOUR NECESSARY PRODUCTS: Edging, Fabric & NDS Erosion Control Turf & Plant Fertilizers Weed Preventers Repellents & Insecticides

Herbicides & Fungicides Spreaders & Wheelbarrows Grass Seed Soils & Amendments Bagged & Bulk Mulch

Landscape Tools Marking Paint Landscape Lighting Pond Supplies Adhesives & Sand

CALL YOUR GERTENS WHOLESALE & PROFESSIONAL TURF SUPPLY REPRESENTATIVE TODAY AND REQUEST AN EARLY ORDER FORM AND SAVE NOW.

ORDER Early • SAVE More • INCREASE Your Discount P: 651.450.0277 | Email: wholesale@gertens.com | gertenswholesale.com

WHOLESALE NURSERY & HARDSCAPES

Your Trusted Partner

A Flurry of Savings Order Bachman’s-Grown, Field Direct trees this winter and save next spring.

Save on arborvitae, birch, crabapple, coffeetree, elm, hackberry, hawthorn, honeylocust, lilac, linden, maple, oak, serviceberry, spruce, and more!

Place your orders today.

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Wholesale Nursery: (651) 463-3288 | (800) 525-6641 | Fax: (651) 463-4747 6877 235th St. W., Farmington, MN 55024 Hardscapes Cedar Acres: (952) 469-9665 | Fax: (952) 469-9674 23004 Cedar Ave. S., Farmington, MN 55024

Contact your sales representative for availability and pricing.

february 2022 n v45 n2

17 53

8 25

Events

10 Northern Green: Together Again After a one-year hiatus, Northern Green returned in person, and it was great to be together again.

12 Volunteer Voices Anne Griffin advised, “Don’t be afraid of putting yourself out there, because everyone has to start somewhere.”

Get Paid for Your Work!

Patrick McGuiness talks about a problem that contractors are facing more

What’s Your Garden Maintenance Style?

Faith Appelquist says there is no room for hate in garden maintenance, only room for improvement.    

Jumping Worms Found in Minnesota Garden Centers/ Nurseries As Jim Calkins reports, what we have feared for several years has become a documented reality.   

MDA Annual Report

The Nursery Inspection and Certification Program provides a vital service to the nursery industry and protects consumers.  

and Redwood County, 30 of Minnesota’s 87 counties are now quarantined.

Monika Chandler explains the decision tree MDA uses when recommending

frequently than ever. 

With the discovery of emerald ash borer in Nicollet

Assessing the Risk of Invasive Plants

plants for designation as a noxious weed.     

14 EAB Found in Two More Counties

The World of Conifers

Whether your client needs a large specimen, or a dwarf shrub, conifers provide ample opportunity to be creative.     

Day Week on the Hill Don’t miss a critical opportunity for YOU to build relationships with elected officials and raise awareness about industry issues.

50 Shade Tree Short Course The 59th edition will be a two-day virtual course for everyone involved in urban forestry, arboriculture, and the green industry.

51 Julie Weisenhorn: Volunteer of the Year “When Julie is struck by an idea…, she doesn’t just talk about it — she leaps into action.”

53 The Legislative Action Center Was a Glowing Success This one-stop-shop engaged attendees about public policy, industry advocacy, politics, and ongoing grassroots efforts.

54 Make a Difference! Committees carry out the strategic direction of the organization set by the Board, each with their own mission.

 Landscape & Hardscape Install & Design  Garden Services & Landscape Mgmt  Garden Centers  Growers: Nursery & Greenhouse  Irrigation & Water Mgmt  Arborists & Tree Services  All

Cover photo: iStock.com/ronstik. Table of Contents Images: Top: MDA. Middle: iStock.com/goir. Bottom: iStock.com/Willard.

february 22 MNLA.BIZ

DIRECTORY

february 2022 n v45 n2

MINNESOTA NURSERY & LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATION Successful Businesses Grow Here! 1813 Lexington Ave. N., Roseville, MN 55113 651-633-4987 • Fax: 651-633-4986 Outside the metro area, toll free: 888-886-MNLA, Fax: 888-266-4986 www.MNLA.biz • www.NorthernGreen.org Mission: The mission of the Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association is to help members grow successful businesses. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Randy Berg, President Berg’s Nursery, Landscape/Garden Center 507-433-2823 • randy@bergsnursery.com Matt Mallas, Vice-President SiteOne Landscape Supply 763-512-2849 • mmallas@siteone.com Terri McEnaney, Secretary-Treasurer

Albert J. Lauer, Inc. ............................................................................... 36 Anderson Nurseries, Inc. .................................................................... 21 Aspen Equipment ................................................................................. 52 Bachman’s Wholesale Nursery & Hardscapes ................................ 3 Bullis Insurance Agency ..................................................................... 22 Central Landscape Supply .................................................................. 27 Compeer Financial ............................................................................... 34 COWSMO, INC. ....................................................................................... 22 Cushman Motor Company ................................................................. 37 Edney Distributing Co., Inc. ............................................................... 46 Environmental Design Inc .................................................................. 21

Bailey Nurseries

Fahey Sales Agency, Inc. ..................................................................... 22

(651) 459-9744 • terri.mcenaney@baileynursery.com

Frost Inc ................................................................................................. 34

Faith Appelquist, MNLA-CP Tree Quality LLC 612-618-5244 • faith@treequality.com Greg Krogstad Rainbow Treecare (952) 922-3810 • gkrogstad@rainbowtreecare.com Patrick McGuiness Zlimen & McGuiness PLLC (651) 331-6500 • pmcguiness@zmattorneys.com John O’Reilly Otten Bros. Garden Center and Landscaping 952-473-5425 • j.oreilly@ottenbros.com Nick Sargent, MNLA-CP Sargent’s Landscape Nursery, Inc. 507-289-0022 • njsargent@sargentsgardens.com Jim Shimon Willow River Company — Landscaping & Tree Farm (715) 386-3196 • jimshimon@willowrivertree.com Cassie Larson, CAE MNLA Executive Director 651-633-4987 • cassie@mnla.biz STAFF DIRECTORY Executive Director:

Gertens Wholesale & Professional Turf Supply .............................. 2 Glacial Ridge Growers ......................................................................... 34 Gopher State One-Call ....................................................................... 46 Green Turf Sod Farms ........................................................................... 4 Jeff Belzer Chevrolet ...................................................................... 28–29 Keen Edge Company ........................................................................... 41 Klaus Nurseries .................................................................................... 22 Maguire Agency .................................................................................... 21 Monroe Truck Equipment .................................................................. 24 Niebur Tractor & Equipment ............................................................... 9 Out Back Nursery ................................................................................... 9 Plaisted Companies ............................................................................... 7 Rock Hard Landscape Supply ........................................................... 34 SiteOne Landscape Supply................................................................. 39 SMSC Organics Recycling Facility ..................................................... 27 Spring Meadow Nursery/Proven Winners Color Choice .............. 11

Cassie Larson, CAE • cassie@mnla.biz

Sunbelt Business Advisors .................................................................. 9

Associate Director: Jon Horsman, CAE • jon@mnla.biz

The Resultants ...................................................................................... 37

Dir. of Government Affairs: Forrest Cyr • forrest@mnla.biz Education & Cert. Mgr: Gwendolen Nystrom • gwendolen@mnla.biz

The Tessman Company ....................................................................... 52

Regulatory Affairs Mgr: Jim Calkins • jim@mnla.biz

Touchstone Accent Lighting .............................................................. 27

Foundation Program Mgr: Paulette Sorenson • paulette@mnla.biz Administrative Assistant: Louise Nemmers • louise@mnla.biz Accountant: Pam Helgeson • accounting@mnla.biz

Tri-State Bobcat, Inc. .......................................................................... 44

Advertising Sales: 763-295-5420 Betsy Pierre, Advertising Mgr • betsy@pierreproductions.com

Ziegler CAT ............................................................................. Back Cover

Legislative Affairs Consultant: Doug Carnival 6

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Versa-Lok Midwest .............................................................................. 16

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UPCOMING

MNLA CERTIFICATION EXAM

FEB

Sit for the exam to become an MNLA Certified Professional in 2022. Additional dates: March



4th, 18th, and 25th. Roseville ➽MNLA.biz

LEADING AND WORKING WITH AN INCLUSIVE LENS

MAR

In this engaging and interactive presentation, Dr. Jermaine Davis equips employees with



practical tips to work inclusively and respectfully up, down, and across their organization. Roseville Skating Center ➽Roseville, MN

PESTICIDE CERTIFICATION WORKSHOP (IN-PERSON)

MAR

09 –10

Prepare for the category A and E pesticide applicator certification exam by attending the in-person 1 ½ day study program led by Dr. Vera Krischik, University of Minnesota.



Roseville Skating Center ➽Roseville, MN

MINNESOTA SHADE TREE SHORT COURSE (VIRTUAL)

MAR

15 –16

A two-day virtual course for everyone involved in urban forestry, arboriculture, and the green industry. Minnesota Certified Tree Inspectors will be re-certified by attending the



entire short course. ISA Certified Arborist© CEUs are available for most sessions. mnstsc.org

MASTERING FOREMANSHIP SEMINAR

MAR

This workshop offers complete foremanship training on how to more effectively handle



tight deadlines, tight margins, and increase customer satisfaction. How the customer perceives the foreman’s crew is fundamental to the success of a contractor’s business. The Wellstone Center ➽St. Paul, MN

HALF-DAY STRING TRIMMER, BLOWER & HEDGE TRIMMER SAFETY & MAINTENANCE SEMINAR (ENGLISH AND SPANISH)

MAR



This half-day seminar taught by Armando Actis is being offered in both English (morning) and Spanish (afternoon) and will provide contractors important information related to OSHA string trimmer, blower, and hedge trimmer safety and maintenance. Cedarholm Community Room ➽Roseville, MN

iStock.com/AscentXmedia

The Scoop, February 2022, Issue 2 is issued monthly, 12 times per year. All original works, articles or formats published in The Scoop are © Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association, 2022, and may not be used

PESTICIDE CERTIFICATION WORKSHOP (ONLINE)

MAR

23 APR –06

Prepare for category A and E pesticide applicator certification exams via an on-demand virtual study program with a live Zoom Q&A session. The workshop is a series of ten, 1-hour training webinars recorded by Dr. Vera Krischik, University of Minnesota. Online

GREEN INDUSTRY SPRING TRAINING

MAR

30 –31

This 2-day workshop will provide fundamental training for new and returning green industry professionals so they can hit the ground running in Spring 2022.



Roseville Skating Center➽Roseville, MN

without written permission of MNLA, 1813 Lexington Ave N., Roseville, MN 55113. Subscription price is $99 for one year, which is included with member dues. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to The Scoop, MNLA, 1813

2022 MNLA seminars generously supported by:

Lexington Ave N., Roseville, MN 55113. Editorial Contributions. You are invited to share your expertise and perspective. Article ideas and manuscripts

WHOLESALE NURSERY & HARDSCAPES

Your Trusted Partner

should, whenever possible, reflect real and specific experiences. When submitting an article, please contact the publisher at jon@mnla.biz or 651-633-4987. MNLA



reserves the right to edit all Scoop content.

➽Information on industry events: MNLA.biz/events. Free member-only videos: MNLA.biz/OnlineEducation.

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Business

 Skills Training

 Networking



Leadership Development

General

A Deeper Shade of Green Local Genetic Origins

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www.outbacknursery.com

Call us first for all your native planting needs

NIEBUR TRACTOR & EQUIPMENT 14380 E 240th St. Hastings, MN 55033 (651) 437-3531 | (888) 559-9492 nieburtractor.com LOCATED IN MIESVILLE BETWEEN HASTINGS AND RED WING ON HWY 61.

It’s a Great Time to Sell Your Lawn Maintenance & Landscaping Business with Sunbelt Business Advisors! + Bob Harris is a designated Lawn Maintenance & Landscape Industry Expert (Business Brokerage Press) + Large database of buyers looking to acquire lawn maintenance & landscaping businesses + Member of the Minnesota Nursery and Landscape Association (MNLA)

Bob Harris, Business Broker, CBI Sunbelt Business Advisors Direct: 612-716-4579 Email: bharris@sunbeltmidwest.com

FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Northern Green: Together Again Cassie Larson

MNLA Executive Director

After a one-year hiatus, Northern Green returned in person January 11-13, 2022 at the Minneapolis Convention Center and the general sentiment was it was great to gather again. A few things were different than a typical year in that masks

were prevalent and things were more spread out, but the excitement about being together was palpable. The event provided an opportunity for attendees to interact with vendors, network with colleagues, and learn from industry experts in a variety of educational sessions. As humans, social interaction is essential to every aspect of our health. Research shows that having a strong network of support or strong community bonds foster both emotional and physical health. The pandemic has caused many interactions to move online. And while this technology has proven to provide some efficiencies, in-person meetings and conferences like Northern Green provide a quality of interaction that no amount of technology, at least as of yet, can replicate. Attendees provided the following feedback on attending Northern Green in person this year: • When attending an instructor-led presentation during a live event, there are nuances, like body language

that you pick up from the instructor and you can more easily learn from other attendees through their comments and side conversations. • The informal connections that take place in the hallway and on the trade show floor are the most valuable part of the conference. • It gives a break from the focus on day-to-day operations and allows the focus to shift from working IN the business to ON the business. • The ability to both commiserate and dream with those who understand what you do every day is something you cannot find anywhere else. The challenges of the last two years have been abundant, but gathering at Northern Green 2022 felt like a step forward toward “normal.” The smiles, laughing, and buzz of the trade show floor returned. Here’s to hoping we can gather more in 2022, as there are so many benefits to in-person interaction. And we hope to see you next year at Northern Green to experience the benefits for yourself!

➽ MNLA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR CASSIE LARSON can be reached at 651-633-4987 or cassie@mnla.biz.

MNLA.BIZ february 22

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VOLUNTEER VOICES

Katie Mills Giorgio

ANNE GRIFFIN FOUND HER WAY to the world of horticulture and is now known by many as a true lover of flowers and plants. But when she got started working with plants some 15 years ago, she didn’t realize that she could make a career out of working in the green industry. Today, she’s a big advocate for helping others find a successful path in the profession. A committed MNLA volunteer, we chatted with Griffin to find out how she first got involved with MNLA committee work and what she has learned so far in her career.

VOLUNTEER SNAPSHOT Name: Anne Griffin Member Company: Mangold Horticulture Location: Excelsior, Minnesota Years in the Green Industry: Since 2008 Primary Expertise: Design and horticulture Volunteers On: Career Development Committee

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Q. How did you get into the green industry? A. I went to school for horticulture and landscape design and that’s primarily right now what I do or how I label myself. I got my Bachelor of Science from the University of Minnesota in the horticulture program called Environmental Horticulture which was serendipitous. During that time, I did an internship through the Minnesota Landscape Arboretum and then worked there for a couple of years which is really what sparked my passion. I worked jobs through the Minnesota State Fair, putting together something called The Dirt demonstration stage, and I worked as an estate gardener for a couple of years before I transitioned to doing more design work like I do now.

Q. What would you say the biggest thing you’ve learned so in your career has been? A. So far, I think flexibility. We’re definitely not in a stagnant industry. And we have to work with Mother Nature and just decide how we’re going to deal with whatever she throws at us. We can’t wait and just get stuck in our routines. We have to be flexible because every year there’s something different to face. Flexibility has been key. Q. What about a challenge you’ve faced while working in the green industry? A. I feel making it a career where I could support my family is kind a of a difficult thing to have done. And I feel like I navigated and was just flexible with everything. I am really proud that I have made a career that can support my family — my husband and two kids. I feel like that was a pretty good challenge, especially being a woman in the industry. Q. How did you first get involved with MNLA Committee/Task Team work and what committee do you serve on now? A. My employer Justin Mangold was on a different MNLA committee, and I thought because he was involved that it might be a good idea for me to be a part of a committee, too. And I thought it would help my career networking-wise. When I read that MNLA was starting this Career Development Committee, which I actually read about in this

magazine, I was like ‘oh man, I should think about that.’ And so, I just signed up. And I knew a couple of faces that were there so that was pretty welcoming and not too scary. Q. On that note, what is some advice you’d offer to others looking to get involved? A. Don’t be scared to change and don’t be afraid of putting yourself out there, because everyone has to start somewhere. So just take that leap. There are plenty of people in the industry to take you under their wing and show you the ropes. Q. What has been your most meaningful experience as a Committee/Task Team member thus far? A. When I started in this industry, I wondered what kind of career I could make in the green industry other than owning a business, which was something I was not interested in doing. So, on the Career Development Committee we work on ways to help people to understand how to navigate working in this industry and making a career out of it. I think the main thing that attracted me here was to help the next generation, to help them see the ways you can be promoted or support your families and make an actual career out of this. We’re losing talent, so for the next generation to have a path, the current generation needs to create those paths, whether that’s focusing on wages or organization charts, to help those coming into the industry see how they can be successful at growing their careers. I think that’s been meaningful seeing that there’re other like-minded people that see there’s a gap that we need to fill. And the next generation is so interested in the environment. We need to strike while the iron is hot because there is excitement from young people about having a career in the green industry. Q. Why do you think it’s important for green industry professionals to play an active role in MNLA, especially younger professionals? A. When you are networking you’re potentially going to advance your career further. Personally, I’ve wanted to put myself out there in these situations to make those connections. And if you see something that you want to improve, you’re going to have to be one of the voices that helps. Q. What keeps you busy all winter long? A. One great thing about my company is that we keep everyone on all winter long as we do a lot of snow work. So, like 99 percent of

WHEN I READ THAT MNLA WAS STARTING THIS CAREER DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE, WHICH I ACTUALLY READ ABOUT IN THIS MAGAZINE, I WAS LIKE ‘OH MAN, I SHOULD THINK ABOUT THAT.’ AND SO, I JUST SIGNED UP.

the people are busy with that, but I’m not one of those. I am the person that’s keeps my eye on the prize of sales and design. All winter long, I’m meeting with clients and doing the designs on the computer preparing for the next year. We have lots of meetings in the winter to try to make sure that we’re prepared for next year to improve processes and everything. And now for some fun… Q. What’s something about you that might surprise people? A. I’m not a “Type A” kind of person. I don’t rock the boat. But right after college I took a month off and I went to New Zealand and just traveled around with one of my friends. I feel like that was a good opportunity to get me out of my comfort zone. It might surprise some people that I did that.

Q. It’s likely been a while, but where was the last place you travelled that you really loved? A. My husband and I, in a time between career shifts, got away with his siblings and their significant others. We rented a house on the shores of St. Croix Island where we were right on beach. It was a dream vacation. We woke up to the crashing waves of the ocean. And we snorkeled in clear blue waters right off the beach. You could fall out of bed onto the beach. It was so amazing. ➽ LOOKING FOR AN OPPORTUNITY to participate in making MNLA and the green industry better? When you become part of an MNLA Committee or Task Team, you’ll find personal connections, knowledge, and wisdom you won’t gain anywhere else. Personally, and professionally, you will grow with MNLA! To get involved in shaping a brighter future for the green industry, call 651-633-4987 or go online to www.MNLA.biz/getinvolved. february 22 MNLA.BIZ

EAB FOUND 

IN TWO MORE COUNTIES

James Calkins MNLA Regulatory Affairs Manager

James Calkins

Figure 1. Although the reasons are unknown, it has taken about five years longer for widespread tree mortality to appear in Minnesota compared to other areas where emerald ash borer (EAB) has become established; as of this year, however, dead and dying ash trees have become commonplace in areas surrounding the first EAB infestation that was documented in Minnesota including these green ash trees located in parking lot plantings near the intersection of Larpentuer Avenue and Lexington Avenue in Roseville, MN.

EMERALD ASH BORER DISCOVERED in Nicollet County and Redwood County; 30 of Minnesota’s 87 counties now quarantined for EAB

iStock.com/jessicahyde

On November 23, the Minnesota Department

of Agriculture (MDA) confirmed that emerald ash borer (EAB; Agrilus planipennis) has been found in Nicollet County and Redwood County in southwestern Minnesota. Nicollet County and Redwood County are located east and west of Brown County (already quarantined for EAB), respectively, immediately south of the Minnesota River. As a result of these new finds, EAB, which is capable of attacking both weakened and healthy ash trees, has now been documented in 30 of Minnesota’s 87 counties since this devastating, wood-boring beetle from Asia was first documented in the state just over twelve years ago in 2009. Both of these new EAB infestations were detected by an MDA employee who was surveying for EAB near reported infestations in neighboring Brown County when he noticed ash trees with signs of EAB across the Minnesota River from New Ulm in Lafayette Township (Nicollet County) and at a campground in Sanborn, MN (Redwood County). Both sites are less than 10 miles from previously confirmed EAB infestations and live larvae were collected for formal identification by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). In addition to these finds, EAB was also documented

earlier this year in Freeborn County along the Iowa border in southcentral Minnesota ( July 18), Blue Earth County in southcentral Minnesota (March 31), and Cottonwood County in southwestern Minnesota (February 4) making the Nicollet County and Redwood County finds the fourth and fifth new EAB infestations to be confirmed in Minnesota in 2021. This is also the time of year when EAB infestations commonly detected as woodpeckers like to feed on EAB larvae and woodpecker damage on infested trees tends to be more obvious at this time of year and may indicate the presence of an emerald ash borer infestation. MDA news release announcing the Nicollet County and Redwood County finds is available at Emerald Ash Borer Found in Nicollet and Redwood Counties | Minnesota Department of Agriculture (state.mn.us). In response to these most recent finds, the MDA has declared county-wide, emergency quarantines for Nicollet County and Redwood County [Nicollet and Redwood EAB Emergency Quarantine signed.docx_.pdf (state. mn.us)] as part of the ongoing campaign to help slow the spread of this devastating insect that threatens the estimated one billion black, green, and white ash trees (Fraxinus nigra, pennsylvanica, and americana, respectively) growing in Minnesota’s woodlands and designed landscapes (approximately one of every five trees or 20 percent of all of the trees growing in the state). In addition, the MDA has proposed adding these counties to the formal MDA EAB quarantine following

Figure 2. Signs of woodpecker feeding on emerald ash borer (EAB) larvae in an infested green ash tree; this damage becomes more obvious during the fall and winter months when the EAB larvae are larger and when the trees do not have leaves.

a public comment period [Nicollet and Redwood Proposed EAB Quarantine.pdf (state. mn.us)]. The objective of these quarantines is to restrict the movement of firewood and ash-tree-related materials that may harbor EAB out of the quarantined counties. Although these new EAB finds are not good news, it is important to remember that most of the state, including the majority of the area within the quarantined counties in the state, are not yet infested by EAB and efforts to prevent the spread of this destructive pest to new areas in Minnesota and neighboring states is still a viable and important goal.

Additional information about EAB • The proposed quarantine language, is available on the MDA website at www.mda. state.mn.us/eab. • A map showing the EAB infested and quarantined areas in Minnesota is available at Emerald Ash Borer Status (arcgis.com) • Landscape professionals and homeowners are encouraged to report suspected EAB infestations in areas that are not within the quarantined areas of the state to the MDA using the Arrest the Pest reporting system at 1-888-545-6684 or arrest.the. pest@state.mn.us.

february 22 MNLA.BIZ

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INVASIVE PLANTS Assessing the Risk of

IN MINNESOTA

Monika Chandler

iStock.com/in-future

Minnesota Department of Agriculture

MDA

INVASIVE PLANTS

Knotweeds can grow into pavement and buildings which can require costly repairs.

INVASIVE PLANTS ARE SPECIES NOT NATIVE TO MINNESOTA that cause harm to public health, the environment, public roads, crops, livestock, and other property. Assessing the risk of invasive plants helps us understand how to respond to them. The Minnesota Department of Agriculture’s (MDA)

multi-organizational Noxious Weed Advisory Committee (NWAC) conducts risk assessments to help inform whether a species should be regulated as a noxious weed and, if so, whether it should be regulated as Prohibited Eradicate, Prohibited Control, Restricted, or as a Specially Regulated Plant. The risk assessments are documents based upon a decision tree of questions about the following: • What is the native range and distribution in North America? • What is the potential for establishment and spread in Minnesota?

• How potentially problematic is the species? • Does the species have beneficial qualities? • What is the likelihood of control? The outcome of the risk assessment process is a listing recommendation for the MDA commissioner to consider. Many species are assessed, and the recommendation is to not regulate. The assessment process generally takes one year with assignments in winter, initial drafts due in the spring, next drafts in the summer, and nearly final drafts are presented to all committee members in the fall. Recommendations based on these assessments are voted on by NWAC in the winter.

The commissioner reviews the recommendations and makes final decisions. Sometimes additional time is needed if surveys, research, or tests are needed to inform the assessment. If there is new information or new control methods available, assessments can be updated. The Minnesota Invasive Species Advisory Council has a list of completed Minnesota Noxious Weed Risk Assessments. In 2022, the committee will update assessments for yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), pale swallow-wort (Cynanchum rossicum), giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), meadow

Eradicate List: COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

YEAR ADDED TO LIST

Black swallow-wort

Cyanchum louiseae Kartesz & Gandhi

2013

Brown knapweed

Centaurea jacea L.

2013

Common teasel

Dipsacus fullonum L.

2012

Cutleaf teasel

Dipsacus laciniatus L.

2012

Dalmatian toadflax

Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill

2012

Diffuse knapweed

Centaurea diffusa L.

2017

Giant hogweed

Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier

2012

Grecian foxglove

Digitalis lanata Ehrh.

2010

Japanese honeysuckle

Lonicera japonica Thunb.

2020

10.

Japanese hops

Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc.

2012

11.

Meadow knapweed

Centaurea x moncktonii C.E. Britton

2013

12.

Oriental bittersweet

Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.

2011

13.

Palmer amaranth

Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson

2015

14.

Poison hemlock

Conium maculatum L.

2018

15.

Tree of heaven

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle

2017

16.

Yellow starthistle

Centaurea solstitialis L.

2010

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Control List: COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

YEAR ADDED TO LIST

Bohemian knotweed

Polygonum x bohemicum (J. Chrtek & Chrtkova) Zika & Jacobson

2020

Canada thistle

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.

1872

Common barberry

Berberis vulgaris L.

2017

Common tansy

Tanacetum vulgare L.

2010

Giant knotweed

Polygonum sachalinese F. Schmidt ex Maxim

2014

Japanese knotweed

Polygonum cuspidatum Seibold & Zucc.

2014

Leafy spurge

Euphorbia esula L.

1992

Narrowleaf bittercress

Cardamine impatiens L.

2012

Non-native phragmites

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin ex Steud. ssp. australis

2013

10.

Plumeless thistle

Carduus acanthoides L.

1975

Purple loosestrife

Lythrum salicaria L.

1992

12.

Spotted knapweed

Centaurea stoebe L. ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek

2001

13.

Wild parsnip

Pastinaca sativa L. (except for non-wild cultivated varieties)

2010

Restricted Noxious Weeds: COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

YEAR ADDED TO LIST

Amur honeysuckle

Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder

2017

Bell’s honeysuckle

Lonicera x bella Zabel

2017

Black locust

Robinia pseudoacacia L.

2017

Common or European buckthorn

Rhamnus cathartica L.

1999

Crown vetch

Securigera varia (L.) Lassen

2017

European alder

Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.

2020

Garlic mustard

Alliaria petiolata Bieb.

2013

Glossy buckthorn (and all cultivars)

Frangula alnus Mill.

1999

Japanese barberry cultivars

Berberis thunbergii DC.

2015

10.

Morrow’s honeysuckle

Lonicera morrowii A. Gray

2017

11.

Multiflora rose

Rosa multiflora Thunb.

2012

12.

Porcelain berry

Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv.

2017

13.

Siberian peashrub

14.

Tatarian honeysuckle

Lonicera tatarica L.

2017

15.

Wild carrot/Queen Anne’s Lace

Daucus carota L.

2017

Caragana arborescens Lam. (exemption for Green Spires® Caragana - Caragana ‘Jefarb’)

knapweed (Centaurea x moncktonii), Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus), Amur silvergrass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), and poison hemlock (Conium maculatum). In 2023 and 2024, assessments will be conducted for species not previously assessed. Minnesota’s current noxious weed list is at https://www.mda.state.mn.us/plants-insects/ minnesota-noxious-weed-list. Minnesota Noxious Weed List: State Prohibited Noxious Weeds Prohibited noxious weeds are annual,

biennial, or perennial plants that the commissioner designates as having the potential or are known to be detrimental to human or animal health, the environment, public roads, crops, livestock, or other property. There are two regulatory listings for prohibited noxious weeds in Minnesota. 1. Eradicate List: Prohibited noxious weeds that are listed to be eradicated are plants that are not currently known to be present in Minnesota or are not widely established. These species must be eradicated, meaning all of the above and below ground parts of the plant must be destroyed, as required by Minnesota

2020

Statutes, Section 18.78. Additionally, transportation, propagation, or sale of these is prohibited except as allowed by Minnesota Statutes, Section 18.82. Measures must also be taken to prevent and exclude these species from being introduced into Minnesota. Giant hogweed and yellow starthistle are not known to be in Minnesota but have been determined to be a threat to invade the state. 2. Control List: Prohibited noxious weeds listed to be controlled are plants established throughout Minnesota or regions of the state. Species on this list must be controlled, meaning efforts must be made to prevent the february 22 MNLA.BIZ

INVASIVE PLANTS

Specially Regulated Plants: YEAR COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

ADDED TO

SPECIAL REGULATION

LIST Sellers shall affix a label directly to the plant or container packaging that is being Amur maple

Acer ginnala Maxim.

2016

sold that advises buyers to only plant Amur maple and its cultivars in landscapes where the seedlings will be controlled by mowing or other means. Amur maple seed is wind dispersed and trees should be planted at least 100 yards from natural areas. Sellers shall affix a label directly to the plant or container packaging that is being

Norway maple (and all cultivars)

sold that advises buyers to only plant Norway maple and its cultivars in landscapes Acer platanoides L.

2020

where the seedlings will be controlled by mowing or other means. Norway maple seed is wind dispersed and trees should be planted at least 100 yards from natural areas. Must be eradicated or controlled for public safety along rights-of-ways, trails, public

Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Poison ivy

Kuntze & T. rydbergii (Small)

2010

Green

Euonymus alatus Thunb.

cultivars)

access for business or commerce is granted. Must also be eradicated or controlled along property boarders when requested by adjoining landowners.

Winged burning bush (and all

accesses, business properties open to the public, or on parts of lands where public

2020

Three-year production phase-out period, after which sale of this species will be prohibited and the species will move to the Restricted list in 2023.

MDA

one’ (Ruby Carousel®); ‘Bailsel’ (Golden Carousel® – B. koreana × B. thunbergii hybrid); ‘Bailtwo’ (Burgundy Carousel®); B. thunbergii var. atropurpurea; ‘Crimson Velvet’; ‘Erecta’; ‘Gold Ring’; ‘Inermis’; ‘JN Redleaf’ (Ruby Jewel™); ‘JN Variegated’ (Stardust™); ‘Kelleris’; ‘Kobold’; ‘Marshall Upright’; ‘Monomb’ (Cherry Bomb™); ‘Painter’s Palette’; ‘Pow Wow’; ‘Red Rocket’; ‘Rose Glow’; ‘Silver Mile’; ‘Sparkle’; ‘Tara’ (Emerald Carousel® — B. koreana × B. thunbergii hybrid); Wild Type (parent species — green barberry)

Yellow starthistle has not been documented in Minnesota but has been problematic in western grasslands and is toxic to horses.

spread, maturation, and dispersal of any propagating parts, thereby reducing established populations and preventing reproduction and spread as required by Minnesota Statutes, Section 18.78. Additionally, propagation, sale, or transportation of these plants is prohibited except as allowed by Minnesota Statutes, Section 18.82. Restricted Noxious Weeds Restricted noxious weeds are plants that are widely distributed in Minnesota and are detrimental to human or animal health, the 20

MNLA.BIZ february 22

environment, public roads, crops, livestock or other property, but whose only feasible means of control is to prevent their spread by prohibiting the importation, sale, and transportation of their propagating parts in the state except as allowed by Minnesota Statutes, Section 18.82. Plants designated as Restricted Noxious Weeds may be reclassified if effective means of control are developed. Japanese barberry cultivars banned from sale: ‘Anderson’ (Lustre Green™); ‘Angel Wings’; ‘Antares’; ‘Bailgreen’ ( Jade Carousel®);‘Bail-

Specially Regulated Plants Specially regulated plants are plants that may be native species or have demonstrated economic value, but also have the potential to cause harm in non-controlled environments. Plants designated as specially regulated have been determined to pose ecological, economical, or human or animal health concerns. Plant specific management plans and or rules that define the use and management requirements for these plants will be developed by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture for each plant designated as specially regulated. Measures must also be taken to minimize the potential for harm caused by these plants.

➽ MONIKA CHANDLER works in Plant Protection for the Minnesota Department of Agriculture and can be reached at Monika.Chandler@state.mn.us.

AARON TRETTER, CLCS T: 651.635.2770 | F: 651.638.9762 atretter@maguireagency.com www.maguireagency.com 1970 Oakcrest Avenue Suite #300, Roseville, MN 55113

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LEGAL ISSUES

Get Paid for Your Work! Patrick McGuiness Zlimen & McGuiness PLLC

As a green industry contractor, you overcome bad weather, supply shortages, and jobsite risks on a daily basis. After getting through all of that, the last thing that you should have to worry about is getting paid for the work you’ve done. Unfortunately, that is a problem that landscapers and other contractors are facing more frequently today than ever before. When you have a client that is not willing to pay for your

work, you have several options for collecting the funds you’re owed. Regardless of which path you take, however, having a written contract for the job and records of bills and payments is going to be the key to recovering the money. Demand Letter: The first option we recommend for collecting funds is a demand letter. If you have sent one bill that was not paid, promptly send a second bill with a letter stating the unpaid balance and requiring it be paid by a set date. If the amount owed is not paid by that date, often a demand letter from an attorney will show the other party that you are serious about your rights and that it would be in their best interest to pay the funds that are owed. Mechanic’s Lien: If the demand letter does not persuade the homeowner to pay, you may be able to get a Mechanic’s Lien on the property. A Mechanic’s Lien is a powerful remedy that gives you an ownership interest in the homeowner’s property and will prevent the homeowner from selling or refinancing while the lien is active. Once you obtain a lien, you may also be able to force a sale of the property to pay off the amount owed. A lien is only available to you if you provide the proper pre-lien notice to the homeowner and follow other statutory procedures. You should be sure to have your contracts and procedures reviewed by an attorney to make sure that you aren’t giving up your lien rights!

Conciliation Court: For recovering payments of $15,000 or less, Conciliation Court (also called Small Claims Court) can be an option. Conciliation Court involves both parties telling their side of the dispute to a court-appointed referee. Based on that information, the referee makes a ruling that can be turned into a judgment. District Court: You may be able to pursue the amount owed in a District Court hearing. This is a more formal remedy, with no limit on the amount you can recover. It can be more costly than Conciliation Court, but automatically gives the winning party an enforceable judgment. Regardless of the collection method you choose, it is critical that you do not delay. Your chances for recovering the money you are owed is significantly greater 15 days after a job than 90. Additionally, many of the methods above have strict time limits applied to them. If you do not act within the allowed time, you can lose your collections rights.

➽ THIS ARTICLE PROVIDES GENERAL INFORMATION on business and collections matters and should not be relied upon as legal advice. A qualified attorney must analyze all relevant facts and apply the applicable law to any matter before legal advice can be given. If you would like more information regarding business law, collections, or other legal matters, please contact Zlimen & McGuiness, PLLC at 651-331-6500 or info@zmattorneys.com.

february 22 MNLA.BIZ

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SINCE ANCIENT TIMES, HUMANS HAVE BELIEVED THAT THE WORLD IS DIVIDED INTO TWO TYPES OF PEOPLE: those who perform timely routine garden maintenance, and those who don’t. Gardeners take great pride in their understanding of soil pH, light, drainage, and the latest new varieties. They possess many tools and books. By-pass pruners, knee pads, hedge shears, sun hat. They sometimes won’t stop talking about pollinators. Non-Gardeners are overwhelmed, uninterested, or too busy to learn the basics of garden maintenance. They’re terrified that if they try, they’ll break an ankle or have a wood tick lodged in their belly. For some, gardening four hours a week constitutes low maintenance; for others, anything over 30 minutes moves into the ‘suffering’ category. Many Non-Gardeners pay others to do the work. Some just ignore their garden-maintenance needs thinking they will go away. Others could be gardeners, but their life is filled with other things they would rather to do, such as drinking wine coolers and watching Seinfeld reruns. Conventional wisdom holds that we are assigned a Gardener or Non-Gardener designation at birth and that it is an immutable trait that cannot be altered during our lifetimes. Like being right-handed or holding a hatred of beets. Alternatively, some fervently believe that our maintenance style is a choice, and that we can simply decide which type of person we wish to be. The extremists among this group also believe that being a Gardener is the only proper, moral choice and that 26

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Non-Gardeners are broken, bad humans. I suggest a third option: We are all on a “maintenance spectrum.” We each have a bit of Gardener and a bit of Non-Gardener in us and the percentages ebb and flow as circumstances in our lives and homeownership change. Take the Late-Life Gardener. This is a person who was always too busy with family and job to learn and perform routine garden maintenance. They hired somebody. The math worked: the Non-Gardener’s job paid more money hourly than whatever they paid the professional. Then they retire. Suddenly, not only does their fixed income require them to learn and perform garden maintenance, they actually want to. They are bored with their new free time. Gardening creates a sense of purpose and control that is sorely lacking since they lost their minions and bosses. Conversely, some lifelong Gardeners approach retirement age too tired and broken down by a life time of diligent maintenance to continue tackling their perpetual to-do list. So, they convert to a Non-Gardener. They buy a condo with the joy of never having to weed again. They begin to drink wine coolers on the couch and watch reruns of Seinfeld. Some Non-Gardeners realize that they are Gardeners when they purchase a home. After several unsatisfactory encounters with paid professional gardeners, they decide to learn to do it themselves. They venture slowly into this terrain, but thanks to the Font of All Garden Knowledge (YouTube), they begin exploring projects of which they never could have conceived: pruning a hydrangea, incorporating compost, and even deadheading salvia. They enthusiastically embrace their Gardener identity, including joining a garden club. Some people are Garden Maintenance Fluid: A Gardener one day when the daylilies

need deadheading; a Non-Gardener the next when the whole garden needs a fresh topdress of mulch. Of course, there are some who are so far on one end of the spectrum or the other, so wedded to their garden maintenance identity, they will never move either way. This phenomenon is most common among The Constant Gardeners, who view maintenance of their garden as a battle against entropy and chaos that they simply cannot stop fighting; and the Slacker Gardeners, who don’t even know what buckthorn looks like, let alone how to prune a dogwood. These people never question their identity one way or the other, often due to local cultural norms, family pressure, or fear of bullying. On the rare occasions when these people do explore alternatives, they are likely to swing so far to the other side of the spectrum that they become almost unrecognizable to their family and friends, who may ostracize them, especially when a new Gardener convert plants tulip bulbs upside down, or a fledgling Non-Gardener refuses to cut the grasses back in the spring. The most important thing, regardless of where on the garden maintenance spectrum you or your loved ones fall, is to accept that there is no right answer. We must learn to respect and honor people who occupy all points on the Gardening spectrum and allow them to explore and experiment with their desire to pull weeds, apply fungicides, fertilizers or not. Most importantly, remember this: there is no room for hate in garden maintenance. Only room for improvement. ➽ FAITH APPELQUIST is an ISA Board Certified Master Arborist, an ISA Municipal Specialist MN, and an ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist®. Faith can be reached at faith@treequality.com.

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Business Choice is designed for business owners who rely on their vehicles for their day-to-day operations. It’s available with eligible Chevrolet vehicles and offers great incentives such as valuable upfit equipment. Visit gmbusinesschoice.com today to see if you qualify. 302 302 302

www.jeffbelzerchevy.com Version # 4 Version # 4 Version # 4

Document Name GMC1-12-FCO-03178-302_v4.indd Document Name GMC1-12-FCO-03178-302_v4.inddLinked Graphics Art Director Control Document Name GMC1-12-FCO-03178-302_v4.indd 12KTFLCHEV032.tif Linked GraphicsRGB

Retail Planning Flyer Control Art George Miller •Mechgmiller@jeffbelzer.com Scale 100 8.75” 952-469-7076 x 11.25” Bleed Chevy CopyDirector Writer TBD

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12KTFLCHEV032.tif RGB HD CC with Dump_psd.psd Linked GraphicsRGB Control Art Director 11CHSL00054.jpg RGB Mech TBD Copy Print Scale Scale 100 12KTFLCHEV032.tif RGB None BusinessCentral_KO.ai ProjWriter Mgr csenn HD CC with Dump_psd.psd RGB 11CHSL00054.jpg RGB Scale Please 100 GM_business_choice.ai TBD Copy Writer Jeff Belzer Lakeville,Mech MN. call the Commercial Department at 952-469-4444. Print Scale None BusinessCentral_KO.ai csenn Proj Stock None HD CC with Dump_psd.psd RGB Acct Mgr Svc kdenmark cube_0758.jpg RGB GM_business_choice.ai Print Scale Trim None 8.5” x 11” BusinessCentral_KO.ai csenn Proj Mgr Family_shot cube_exprss_slvrdo_a6.tif RGB All Rebates & incentives to dealer, must qualify for same, prices subject to change. Stock None Live None 8.25” x 10.75” kdenmark Acct Mgr Svc afinnan cube_0758.jpg RGB Folded Size Prod GM_business_choice.ai RoundStep_3in_Chevy_Silverado.jpg RGB Family_shot cube_exprss_slvrdo_a6.tif RGB Stock Live None 8.25” x 10.75” kdenmark Acct Svc cube_0758.jpg RGB Tonneau_Chevy.jpg RGB Folded Size None afinnan Mgr TBD 1 RoundStep_3in_Chevy_Silverado.jpg RGB Finishing Buyer To qualify, vehicles must be None used in day-to-day operations of your business and notArtProd solely for transportation purposes. Must provide Family_shot cube_exprss_slvrdo_a6.tif RGB Family_Option_a3.tif RGB Tonneau_Chevy.jpg RGB None Folded Size None afinnan ProdBuyer Mgr TBD RoundStep_3in_Chevy_Silverado.jpg RGB 4320G_cs.tif CMYK Finishing Art Family_Option_a3.tif RGB Colors Spec’d 4C TBD Copy Edit Visit gmbusinesschoice.com or your Chevrolet or GMC dealer for details. Tonneau_Chevy.jpg RGB 4320Gss.tif CMYK 4320G_cs.tif CMYK Finishing None TBD Art Buyer Colors Spec’d Family_Option_a3.tif RGB 4C TBD 1PROCS.tif CMYK Copy Edit nminieri/pm Mac with Business Central Special Instr. 4320Gss.tif CMYK 4320G_cs.tif CMYK 1PROSS.tif CMYK Colors Spec’d 1PROCS.tif CMYK 4C Business Central TBD CopyMac Edit nminieri/pm Special Instr. with 4320Gss.tif CMYK BasePkg_ss.tif CMYK Publications None 1PROSS.tif CMYK 1PROCS.tif CMYK 12KTFLCHEV021.tif RGB Mac nminieri/pm with Business Central Special Instr. None BasePkg_ss.tif CMYK Publications

CONTENT CONTENT CONTENT

Job Description 8.75” Chevy Retail Planning Flyer 11.25” Bleed Trim 8.5” x x11” 8.75” x 11.25” Chevrolet, 50Bleed & Cedar, Box 965, Trim Live 8.5” 8.25”x x11” 10.75”

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2022 GREEN INDUSTRY DAY WEEK ON THE HILL February 28-March 4, 2022

Our annual Day on the Hill is a critical opportunity for YOU to build relationships with elected officials and raise awareness about issues impacting your business, workforce, and the industry as a whole. This year, our event will be a Week on the Hill and include personal virtual visits with your legislators! This virtual approach enables members to connect with legislators, and educate your elected officials on the Green Industry’s legislative priorities in 2022. Register today! How will this work?

Just let us know that you’ll participate, then we’ll go to work lining up the meeting, and coordinate a time with your state representative and state senator. Given everyone’s busy schedules, it may not be possible to plan a meeting with all legislators, but we will work hard to connect you during the Week on the Hill. When you register, indicate the windows of time you’re available that week. At least one member of MNLA’s Government Affairs Team will attend your meeting, helping foster connections between attendees and legislators and ensuring you’re prepared for successful legislative meetings.

Be sure to register by this year’s deadline – Friday, February 18!

Registrations can be submitted electronically by visiting the Week on the Hill event page on the MNLA.biz event calendar.

We look forward to advocating alongside you Feb. 28-Mar. 4 to grow results in government affairs! Thanks to our MNLA Day on the Hill Sponsors:

WORMS JUMPING

FOUND IN MINNESOTA GARDEN CENTERS/NURSERIES

By Dr. James Calkins, Research Information Director

iStock.com/ronstik

MNLA Foundation

W JUMPING WORMS

WHAT DO WE KNOW & HOW SHOULD NURSERY & LANDSCAPE PROFESSIONALS RESPOND?

Sales Tax Guidance

NEWS & NOTES

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Did you know that the Minnesota Department of Revenue has published Fact Sheets and Industry Guides to help with sales and use tax? Nursery and greenhouse production farms that grow trees, shrubs, perennials, annuals, potted plants and other plants for

hat some Minnesota nursery and landscape professionals and others have feared for several years became a documented reality in 2021: jumping worms were found in several garden center and nursery operations in container and balled and burlapped (B&B) stock, and in on-site soils. These non-native earthworm finds were reported to the Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) by the affected firms who have subsequently been cooperating with the MDA to help prevent the movement of jumping worms off-site and to prevent the infestation of other nursery stock and horticultural commodities like landscape mulch and compost. Jumping worms have also been found, but detected before unloading, in truckloads of nursery stock being delivered to Minnesota garden centers from other states. These finds were also reported, and the shipments were returned to the originating nurseries.

The affected Minnesota businesses are to be commended for their conscientious self-reporting of these jumping worm finds and the MDA has been a helpful partner in dealing with these infestations. And although jumping worms have been observed in landscape settings prior to the 2021 growing season, jumping worms have also been increasingly observed in residential and commercial landscapes where they have been found in wooded areas, landscape beds, lawns, and compost piles. And perhaps most concerning, jumping worms have become a more common occurrence in woodlands and other native ecosystems and the negative consequences of these infestations are becoming increasingly apparent. Clearly finding jumping worms in nursery production, holding, and sales areas, and their presence in managed landscapes, is bad, but not unexpected, news for the green industry and is a concern that will likely need

to be recognized and managed more broadly. More importantly, the presence of jumping worms in native ecosystems, and especially in forest ecosystems where it appears they pose the most serious threat, is a very serious problem. While the ultimate impacts of jumping worms in nursery production settings and on residential and commercial landscapes remains to be seen, the effects of jumping worms on woodland ecosystems are expected to be considerably worse than the negative impacts that are already being caused by their invasive predecessors – European earthworms. This is because jumping worms are more voracious feeders and can achieve much higher populations very quickly with potentially devastating impacts compared to the more gradual impacts caused by European earthworms. And in both cases, the impacts of non-native earthworms on forest ecosystems are exacerbated when combined

sale ultimately at retail qualify for the agricultural production and farm machinery exemptions. (The definitions of farm machinery and agricultural production are included in the fact sheets.) Nursery and greenhouse operations that store plant stock waiting to be sold at retail

Koochiching County 0.5% Transit Sales and Use Tax

or house inventory for landscapers do not qualify for the agricultural production and farm machinery exemptions. Download the latest version of Sales Tax Fact Sheet 121C for further details at www.revenue.state. mn.us/sites/default/ files/2021-04/FS121C. pdf

Starting April 1, 2022, The MN Department of Revenue will administer the Koochiching County 0.5% transit sales and use tax. Revenues will fund the projects identified in the Koochiching

County Resolution No. 2021/12-17. The 0.5% transit sales tax applies to retail sales made into Koochiching County. The transit use tax applies to taxable items used in Koochiching County if the local sales tax was not paid. All retailers who have a taxable presence (nexus) in Koochiching

James Calkins

Figure 1. Adult jumping worms from a Twin Cities compost pile; note the milky-white, annular clitella (singular – clitellum) and their position close to the head end of the worms.

James Calkins

Figure 2. Immature jumping worms (hatchlings) collected on the University of Minnesota Twin Cities campus in St. Paul on April 22, 2021; jumping worms overwinter as cocoons and hatch in early spring soon after the snow melts and the soil temperature warms up to about 50 degrees Fahrenheit.

with the effects of other invasive species like European/common buckthorn, emerald ash borer, oak wilt, and garlic mustard. Jumping worms, also called Asian jumping worms, jumper worms, crazy worms, snake worms, crazy snake worms, Alabama or Georgia jumpers, Jersey wigglers, and most recently disco worms (Kansas), are non-native pheretimoid earthworms (Phylum Annelida – ringed/ segmented worms: Class Clitellata: Subclass Oligochaeta: Family Megascolecidae) from eastern and southeastern Asia. The term pheretimoid refers to a group or clade of earthworms that were previously classified in the genus Pheretima (Pheretima spp.) which has subsequently been divided into 14 genera including Amynthas spp. and Metaphire spp., the two genera that have been documented in Minnesota thus far, and more than 1,000 species. Jumping worms have been present in the eastern United States for many years and were first reported in Minnesota (Loring Park in Minneapolis) in 2006. Unfortunately, jumping worms have subsequently been reported in other areas in Minnesota and with increased frequency as a result of heightened public awareness and more recently in response to research and outreach efforts that have encouraged reporting of suspected finds in an effort to determine their current distribution in Minnesota. Understanding how widely jumping worms are distributed in Minnesota will be important from a management perspective and will likely determine if more stringent regulation is warranted or not. As a result of glaciation, there are no native earthworms in the northern portions of North America including all of Canada and the northernmost regions of the United States including most of Minnesota, North Dakota, eastern South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Most of the earthworm species that are present in these areas today are European species that were initially introduced hundreds of years ago during European settlement and subsequent and ongoing human activities including the use of earthworm-contaminated soil and rocks used as ballast in sailing ships traveling to North America, the movement of soil and plants by people, vermicomposting (worm composting), and the sale and use of earthworms as fishing bait. Nightcrawlers (Lumbricus terrestris) and angleworms (several species) are examples that most Minnesotans are familiar with. Similarly, human activities have also been responsible for the more recent introduction and ongoing spread of jumping worms in North America and worldwide. And although earthworms are typically considered beneficial in their native

05 County, even if an out-of-state retailer or marketplace, and are registered for Minnesota sales and use tax. This includes all sellers outside Koochiching County if they have a taxable presence such as: 1) Have an office, distribution, sales, sample or warehouse location, or other

place of business in Koochiching County, either directly or by a subsidiary. 2 )Perform taxable services in Koochiching County. 3 ) Ship taxable items into Koochiching County, including all sales made using the internet, mail order, or telephone. 4)An outof-state retailer that exceeds Minnesota

sales tax thresholds and make sales into Koochiching County. If you are already registered for this tax, you do not need to register again. The tax applies to sales on or after April 1, 2022, but the tax does not apply to lease payments for tangible personal property and motor vehicles

that include periods before April 1, 2022. (The tax does apply to payments for periods that begin on or after that date). Report the Koochiching County Transit Sales or Use Tax when you report your Minnesota Sales and Use Tax. Each tax is reported on a separate line of your return.

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JUMPING WORMS

habitats, and can also have positive effects on the structure, drainage, aeration, and fertility of soils in agricultural and most landscape environments in areas where they are not native, a growing body of research indicates non-native, invasive earthworms are detrimental in the North American ecosystems where they have become established and especially in the forested ecosystems in glaciated regions that have evolved in the absence of earthworms since the last continental glaciers retreated more than 10,000 years ago. Research and Reporting Efforts Research focused on the impacts of non-native earthworms on natural areas, and especially the impacts of jumping worms, has been fairly limited and research has only recently begun to document the complexities and implications of these interactions. Based on what has been learned so far, however, it appears non-native earthworms can effectively re-engineer native ecosystems with significant and potentially far-reaching negative effects as soil characteristics (structural, physical, and chemical) and many forms of life, including herbaceous and woody plants (establishment, performance, distribution, abundance, survival, and diversity), microorganisms, fungi (including mycorrhizal fungi that form important, symbiotic relationships with many plants), and animals (including insects and other macroinvertebrates and vertebrates) can be variously and adversely affected. As a result, there is reason for concern given that jumping worms appear to cause more damage than their European cousins. Whether native or introduced, earthworms are commonly placed in one of three basic categories based on their relative size, their epidermal (skin) pigmentation, and their burrowing and feeding activities (all three types can be found at the soil surface following heavy rains): • Epigeic — relatively small, pigmented (reddish-brown) earthworms; duff layer/ litter dwellers that generally do not burrow into the soil; litter feeders; Lumbricus rubellus (red worms), Eisenia foetida (red wigglers; the species most often used in vermicomposting), and Amynthas agrestis (a jumping worm) are examples. • Endogeic — relatively small, non-pigmented (as a result of interior coloration, may appear grayish-blue, greenish, yellowish, pinkish,or whitish in color) earthworms; topsoil dwellers that produce a network of shallow, primarily horizontal burrows;

soil feeders (soil and soil organic matter); Aporrectodea spp. (angle worms/ pink nose worms) are examples. • Anecic – relatively large, pigmented (reddish-brown) earthworms; topsoil and subsoil dwellers that produce deep, vertical burrows and come to the surface to gather and feed on organic materials; primarily litter feeders; Lumbricus terrestris, the common earthworm or dew worm (more often called a nightcrawler in North America) is an example. Some species of earthworms that are typically classified as epigeic (duff layer/litter dwellers) are sometimes classified as epi-endogeic species; these species live and feed in the litter layer and the top few inches of soil, but do not create the network of burrows associated with classic endogeic species. Red worms and jumping worms fit this description and, as a result, are sometimes referred to as epi-endogeic species. Forest ecosystems depend on the presence of a duff or litter layer — the layer of intact and variously decomposed organic matter (primarily plant litter) that is typically found on the surface of soil and sometimes referred to as the O horizon (organic horizon) in soil science terminology. Numerous woodland plants, especially seedlings and many spring ephemerals, rely on this organic layer for germination and as a rooting environment and otherwise benefit from its effects on the soil environment (e.g., effects on soil temperatures, organic matter content, soil structure, water infiltration, soil moisture status, gas exchange, soil stabilization, and nutrient availability) and cannot survive without it. This duff or litter layer is essentially equivalent to a naturally occurring mulch and, in addition to its benefits to plant communities, myriad other organisms rely on this litter as do the animals that feed on these plants and litter dwellers. And so it goes up the food chain. This natural mulch also protects the soil surface and helps prevent erosion. Unfortunately, many non-native earthworms feed on this litter and can effectively eliminate the duff layer in forest ecosystems with dire consequences. As a result, most non-native earthworms, including nightcrawlers and especially jumping worms, are increasingly being viewed as invasive species and as a serious threat to the health, diversity, and stability of native ecosystems. The management of invasive species, including Asian jumping worms, begins with proper identification. Although there are

other differences that can be useful in identifying jumping worms from the more common European earthworms, including the number and arrangement of setae (the stiff bristles that function in anchoring and movement), the location, color, and conformation of the clitellum (the collar- or saddle-like band located near the head end of adult earthworms and the glandular organ that secretes a viscous material that is used to create a cocoon that protects the eggs of earthworms and part of an earthworm’s hermaphroditic reproductive system), and the ability of jumping worms to shed their tails when caught, their comparatively wild and energetic thrashing (jumping) and snake-like movements are quite distinctive compared to the movements of European earthworms. After all, it is these unique movements that are reflected in the common names for these Asian species (e.g., jumping worm, crazy snake worm) and, from my experience, these movements are often displayed by juvenile jumping worms that lack some of the other identifying characteristics that can be used to identify adult jumping worms. Jumping worms are also shiny but not slimy like European earthworms. For adult specimens, the location and appearance of the clitellum are also good characteristics for differentiating jumping worms from European species; closer to the head end than the middle of the body (starting at about segment 14), encircling the entire body (annular), flush (not raised), and milky white or gray in color for jumping worms and closer to the middle of the body than the head end (stating at segment 22 or higher), saddle-like on the upper (dorsal) surface and sides of the body only, raised, and about the same color as the rest of the body for European species. The morphology of the reproductive organs can also be used to differentiate between different species of earthworms, but identification based on these characteristics is more difficult as it requires dissection and microscopic observation and is only suitable for sexually mature, adult worms. Molecular and genetic methods are also being studied for use in differentiating between European and Asian species and the different species within the European and Asian genera. In addition, these techniques also have significant potential for identifying juvenile worms which lack the morphological characteristics of adult worms which is problematic when only juvenile worms are present and especially difficult in the spring when all jumping worms are juveniles since jumping worms have an annual life cycle in cold temfebruary 22 MNLA.BIZ

James Calkins

JUMPING WORMS

Figure 3. Adult jumping worms (again, note the milky-white clitella located near the head end of the worms) and the telltale, loose, granular, erosionprone soil structure (worm castings) that is produced when jumping worm populations become high.

perate climates where the adults do not survive the winter; jumping worms overwinter as eggs protected in cocoons that hatch to start a new generation in the spring. And finally, separate from the characteristics of the worms themselves, the castings of jumping worms (also called vermicast; earthworm poop) are very distinctive and are a clear sign that jumping worms are present when populations are high and result in a soil structure that is loose and granular, resembling coarse coffee grounds or old-fashioned cat litter. Reporting of suspected jumping worm finds by researchers, extension educators, citizen scientists, and others is playing an important and continuing role as part of an ongoing effort to determine the current distribution of jumping worms in Minnesota. These reports are verified by experts before they are added to the mapped distribution of jumping worms in the United States and the Minnesota data is part of an ongoing research project funded by the Minnesota Invasive Terrestrial Plants and Pests Center (MITPPC; Minnesota Invasive Terrestrial Plants and Pests Center (umn.edu), www.mitppc.umn. edu). Dr. Lee Frelich, director of the Center for Forest Ecology in the Department of Forest Resources at the University of Minnesota, is the project lead and the MNLA is a cooperator on the project which is described further on the MITPPC website (https://mitppc.umn.edu/ project/jumping-worms-minnesota). Verified reports are posted on the Early Detection and Distribution Mapping System (EDDMapS; University of Georgia; EDDMapS, www.eddmaps.org). At this time, there have been 273 positive reports of jumping worms in Minnesota, and the reported distribution is limited to a corridor in southeastern Minnesota that extends from South Haven (Wright County) on the northwest and East Bethel (Anoka County) on the northeast to Albert Lee (Freeborn County) on the southwest and Peterson (Filmore County) on the southeast with the vast majority of the reports being from the Twin Cities and Rochester metropolitan areas. There have also been reports across the St. Croix and Mississippi Rivers in Wisconsin. Distribution information and the individual reports are available online and can be viewed at jumping worm (Amynthas spp.) — EDDMapS Distribution — EDDMapS, https://www.eddmaps.org/ distribution/uscounty.cfm?sub=58695. 36

MNLA.BIZ february 22

Nursery and Landscape professionals are encouraged to report suspected jumping worm finds and encourage their colleagues and customers to do the same. Reports may be submitted in conjunction with the University of Minnesota jumping worm research project via the project’s Worm Ranger initiative Jumping Worms Project (umn.edu) or may be submitted to Laura Van Riper (MN DNR) at laura.vanriper@state.mn.us or Jim Calkins (MNLA) at jim@mnla.biz. If desired, reporting can be anonymous and general enough to not be associated with a particular property as there have been concerns about the impact of jumping worms on property values. When submitting suspected jumping worm reports, include clear, high-resolution photos of the live worm(s). Rinse off the worm(s) to remove any attached soil or debris. Place the worm on a plain surface such as a piece of cardboard or pavement (tan and gray backgrounds are better than white backgrounds). Make sure the photos are in focus and provide a clear view of the ring around the body (the clitellum) in relation to the head end of the worm so researchers can count the body segments between the head and the clitellum. Do not use the zoom feature on your phone as doing so decreases the clarity of the photo. Remember that adult jumping worms die when exposed to freezing temperatures and do not survive the winter in Minnesota. As a result, only new hatchlings and juveniles will be present in the spring and early summer and these immature worms will not have a clitellum and will not develop one until they become adults in late July which makes identification difficult until midsummer. For the same reason, any large, mature earthworms that are found in the spring are likely European species such as nightcrawlers (Lumbricus terrestris) and not jumping worms. If possible, including a short video showing the movements of the worm(s) when disturbed can also be helpful. And finally, keep specimens by placing them in a container of alcohol (small plastic containers with tight-fitting lids and Ziplock-type polyethylene bags work well) and storing them in the refrigerator in case an expert would like to see the sample. Unfortunately, no products are labeled for the control of earthworms in nursery and landscape settings in the United States and there are no known methods for controlling invasive earthworms on a broader scale in natural settings. This lack of control options is problematic when it comes to managing

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february 22 MNLA.BIZ

JUMPING WORMS

What This Means for the Industry While it is very unfortunate that jumping worms have become established in Minnesota and pose a serious threat to Minnesota’s woodlands, and possibly other ecosystems, and are a growing concern and challenge for the nursery and landscape industry and the gardening public, experience thus far suggests they are not a reason to panic from a landscape perspective. And if this proves to be true in the longer term, it is still important to remember that the impacts of these invasive earthworms on native ecosystems, alone and in combination with other ecological stressors, is a serious concern and a threat that the nursery and landscape industry should not, and cannot afford to, ignore. As an industry that has been documented as a primary pathway for the spread of non-native earthworms to new areas, wisdom suggests that the nursery and landscape industry should be a proactive leader and do everything possible to help prevent the spread of jumping worms. While forest ecologists, earthworm researchers, a growing number of nursery and landscape professionals, and avid garden38

MNLA.BIZ february 22

ers are aware of jumping worms and the damage they can cause to native ecosystems and designed landscapes, there are others who are also involved in activities that have the potential to contribute to the spread of jumping worms like the construction industry and the general public have never heard of these destructive invaders. While this may seem surprising to those who know about jumping worms, it is, without a doubt, true. As is often the case with invasive species in general, prevention is the most important thing that can be done to avoid the spread of invasive species. However, getting the public engaged is difficult until the impacts become generally obvious or personal, and jumping worms are no exception. As a result, public awareness

James Calkins

jumping worm infestations, and preventing introductions should be the primary goal. Although products labelled for earthworms have been available in the past, all these products have been removed from the market or can no longer be used to manage earthworms as a result of safety or environmental concerns. It is hoped that ongoing research at the University of Vermont funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA; Pathways and potential controls of pheretimoid earthworm invasions into Vermont sugar maple forests — UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT (usda.gov), https:// portal.nifa.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/1018366-pathways-and-potential-controls-of-pheretimoid-earthworm-invasions-into-vermont-sugar-maple-forests.html) and the ongoing research at the University of Minnesota funded by the Minnesota Invasive Plants and Pests Center (MITPPC; Jumping worms in Minnesota (umn.edu), https://mitppc.umn. edu/project/jumping-worms-minnesota), combined with future research endeavors that build on the existing and growing foundation of basic research findings related to the biology of jumping worms, will hopefully provide the information and resources needed to manage jumping worms in nursery production and retail areas and in natural systems.

Figure 4. Bagged landscape mulch stored off the ground on a pallet; holding container stock and other horticultural commodities like bagged mulch and compost off the ground is a best practice for preventing contamination by jumping worms.

often comes after it is too late to stop the spread, and this may already be the case for jumping worms. And even if it is already too late to stop the spread of jumping worms in Minnesota given the lack of effective methods for controlling established populations, it will take time for this reality to be understood and accepted. Regulation is a tool that can be effective in preventing the introduction and spread of invasive species if the regulations are timely and well-crafted and faithfully implemented and enforced, and the regulation of jumping worms is a possibility that has been under consideration in Minnesota for several years. Of course, regulations also impact people and businesses, and the regulation of jumping worms would have significant consequences on the nursery and landscape industry and other industries and activities that have a connection to the spread of jumping worms; essentially any activities that have the potential to move jumping worms or their cocoons, or materials that could harbor jumping worms (soil, compost, vehicles, equipment, etc.), from one location to another could be impacted. It has been determined that the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources

(DNR) is the primary authority for the regulation of jumping worms in Minnesota. Jumping worms are classified as unlisted nonnative species in Minnesota by default under DNR rules and cannot be legally introduced into the environment in Minnesota. In response to concerns about the potential impacts of jumping worms on native ecosystems and recreation, the DNR is considering listing jumping worms more formally as prohibited invasive species (Minnesota invasive species laws | Minnesota DNR (state.mn.us), https:// www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/laws.html) in Minnesota. The possibility that jumping worms may be listed and regulated as prohibited invasive species in Minnesota is based on the findings of an assessment called a classification summary that is part of the regulatory review process used by the DNR. Work on the classification summary for jumping worms was initiated in 2016 and has subsequently been updated as new information has become available. The current draft of the DNR classification summary for jumping worms (February 2020) is available at Draft Invasive Species Classification Screening jumping worms (state.mn.us), https://files. dnr.state.mn.us/natural_resources/invasives/ jumping-worm-classification-summary. pdf. If the recommendation to list jumping worms as a prohibited invasive species is ultimately pursued and approved, it would make it a misdemeanor to possess, import, purchase, transport, or introduce jumping worms without a permit. Although the DNR had indicated that it was going to pursue a prohibited invasive species listing for jumping worms in 2021, it has not initiated a rulemaking process at this time. Elsewhere, jumping worms are currently regulated in New York (prohibited) and Wisconsin (restricted). In the absence of more aggressive regulation by the DNR, the Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) has taken the lead in responding to jumping worm infestations at garden centers and nurseries by working with business owners to manage jumping worm infestations and reduce the potential for the spread of jumping worms from infested facilities. The MNLA has been a partner in these efforts and has developed a set of jumping worm best management practices (BMPs) to help MNLA members address the jumping worm threat. These BMPs will be updated as new information becomes available and are available on the MNLA website at Jumping Worm Management Guidance for Nursery and Landscape Professionals —Minnesota

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JUMPING WORMS

“

ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING AND DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS OF THESE THREE SPECIES OF JUMPING WORMS IS THEIR ANNUAL LIFE CYCLE, BOTH IN THE INVADED AREAS IN NORTH AMERICA AND IN THEIR NATIVE RANGE IN ASIA.

Nursery and Landscape Association (mnla. biz). The MNLA has also created a jumping worm BMP handout that is being distributed by MDA nursery inspectors during their inspections. In addition, the MNLA is working with the MDA, DNR, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA), and the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources (BWSR) to develop a plan for the disposal of plants, soil, mulch, and other materials infested with jumping worms. Until this plan is finalized, affected businesses can contact Timothy Farnan at the MPCA for guidance on a caseby-case basis at timothy.farnan@state.mn.us. The MNLA thanks these agencies for their willingness to work with affected businesses to enable proper disposal of materials infested with jumping worms and will remain engaged in the regulatory process and jumping worm management discussions on behalf of its members. As a consequence of increased interest in jumping worms and their impacts on native ecosystems and designed landscapes, research on jumping worms has expanded in recent years and new research findings and informational resources are being published. This is good news and will hopefully lead to effective methods for controlling the spread of jumping worms. A research paper that was recently published in the peer-reviewed journal Biological Invasions entitled “The Second Wave of Earthworm Invasions in North America: Biology, Environmental Impacts, Management, and Control of Jumping Worms” is an example and does a good job of summarizing the current status of jumping worms and their impacts in North America and compares them to the European earthworms that were variously introduced to North America by the first European settlers much earlier. In addition to reiterating some of the information that has already been discussed, this paper highlights some additional research findings related to jumping worms as follows: • Of the 16 species of pheretimoid earthworms known to be present in North America, three species appear to be the most common and damaging – Amynthas agrestis, Amynthas tokioensis, and Metaphire hilgendorfii; because of difficulties with identification, these three 40

MNLA.BIZ february 22

•

species of jumping worms have been commonly misidentified and reported as a single species — Amynthas agrestis. One of the most interesting and distinguishing characteristics of these three species of jumping worms is their annual life cycle, both in the invaded areas in North America and in their native range in Asia. These earthworms hatch, grow, reproduce via eggs enclosed in cocoons, and die in one growing season with a lifespan of about six months. Based on research performed at the University of Vermont (USDA Cold Hardiness Zone 5a), jumping worms typically begin to hatch just after snowmelt in April when soil temperatures reach 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius), and hatching increases quickly as temperatures increase in May. The population peaks at 150–200 worms/ square meter in June (all juveniles) and then decreases by about half (75–100 worms/square meter) by the time adults begin to appear about 90–120 days after hatching (other research suggests it takes only 60 days for jumping worms to reach maturity and that two generations can be produced each year). Amynthas agrestis embryos require about 600-degree days to develop and hatch and, as a result of cocoon production during the summer and fall, a variety of embryonic development stages are present at any given time and readyto-hatch cocoons may be present at any time during the year. Jumping worms have been documented as forest and landscape pests and have been found in deciduous and mixed deciduous-coniferous forests, parks, landscape beds, lawns, raised beds, residential and community gardens, greenhouses, nursery beds, container-grown and field-grown landscape plants, compost, and mulch. Jumping worms are hermaphroditic (possess both male and female reproductive organs) and reproduction can be either sexual (involving the exchange of genetic information between two individuals via the formation, exchange, and fusion of

”

male and female gametes) or parthenogenetic (virgin birth; the development of an unfertilized egg into a new organism). In fact, reproduction by jumping worms may be primarily parthenogenetic as a full set of functional reproductive organs has not been observed for any of the three species that are common in North America. As a result, it only takes a single

worm (or cocoon) to start a new infestation.

• Jumping worms appear to be more competitive (and damaging) than European earthworms and may displace existing populations of European earthworms as jumping worm populations expand into new areas. • In addition to being killed by freezing temperatures (32 degrees Fahrenheit, 0 degrees Celsius), and possibly even by a temperature as high as 41 degrees Fahrenheit (5 degrees Celsius; based on laboratory testing), jumping worms are also sensitive to warm temperatures and may be killed by temperatures above 80-85̊ degrees Fahrenheit (27-29 degrees Celsius). Based on research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum, a minimum temperature of 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 Degrees Celsius) for three days is recommended to kill jumping worms and their cocoons in materials like soil, compost, and landscape mulch, a temperature that is relatively easy to achieve through proper composting and solarization. • Also related to temperature, and soil moisture, jumping worms are more likely to be found in cool, moist areas than in hot, dry locations and will migrate to such locations during periods of drought. How to Respond Today So, given what we know, how should nursery and landscape professionals respond to the jumping worm threat and what can you and I do about jumping worms? Not surprisingly, education is key; educating ourselves about jumping worms and sharing what we learn with others including production, garden center, landscape management personnel, and the landscaping public. Given that the nursery and landscape industry is known to

be an important vector for the spread of jumping worms, and is often criticized for this role and perceived as being indifferent by members of the general public (just do a quick search of social media), we are in a unique position and have a responsibility to be aware of the threat posed by jumping worms and to help educate the public about this threat. Facing this challenge in an open and forthright manner is the wise thing to do and MNLA members are encouraged to be proactive in this regard. Show the public that you care by keeping up with jumping worm research, implementing jumping worm best practices in your facilities and daily operations, and sharing your knowledge and what you are doing with your customers and clients. Once again, the MNLA has developed a set of jumping worms best management practices (BMPs) as guidance to help prevent the introduction and spread of jumping worms based on current research and will continue to share new research findings that will be helpful in this regard as they become available. And finally, while it is unfortunate that jumping worms have found their way to Minnesota and are expanding their distribution and numbers, and while preventing the spread of jumping worms to new areas should remain a priority, successful landscapes and gardens are still possible. So, don’t panic, counsel your customers not to panic, and commit to being the go-to resource for questions about jumping worms, assistance in preventing their introduction and spread, and solutions to help your customers/clients manage and mitigate their impacts. Remaining engaged in the regulatory review process will also be important and the MNLA will continue its efforts in this regard as well. Surprisingly, but thankfully, the public response to garden centers that have reported jumping worms has not proven to be the reputation- and sales-killer that had been feared. This is good news and reinforces the idea that facing the jumping worm threat in an open and forthright manner is the wise choice in dealing with jumping worms. Although the adult jumping worms that were around last year (2021) have been killed by freezing temperatures, a new generation will hatch from the cocoons they left behind. If you haven’t already done your homework and educated yourself about jumping worms and the threat they pose to Minnesota landscapes and ecosystems, now is the time to do so. And please be on the lookout for jumping worms next spring and summer and report any suspected finds. Citation: Chang, C.-H., M.L.C. Bartz, G. Brown, M.A. Callaham Jr., E.K. Cameron, A. Dávalos, A. Dobson, J.H. Görres, B.M. Herrick, H. Ikeda, S.W. James, M.R. Johnston, T.S. McCay, D. McHugh, Y. Minamiya, M. Nouri-Aiin, M. Novo, J. Ortiz-Pachar, R. A. Pinder, T. Ransom, J.B. Richardson, B.A. Snyder, and K Szlavecz. 2021. The Second Wave of Earthworm Invasions in North America: Biology, Environmental Impacts, Management and Control of Invasive Jumping Worms. Biological Invasions 23(11):3291–3322. The second wave of earthworm invasions in North America: biology, environmental impacts, management and control of invasive jumping worms | SpringerLink, https:// link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10530-021-02598-1 (abstract and references only). The following, selected resources may also be of interest: Görres, J. 2014. Invasive Earthworms in the Northeastern USA and the Horticulture Industry. 2014. University of Vermont. InvasiveEarthworms.pdf (uvm.edu). Bezrutczyk, A., A. Bowe, C. Brown-Lima, A. Dávalos, A. Dobson, B. Herrick, T. McCay, K. Wickings. 2021. Asian Jumping Worms: A Homeowner’s Guide. Jumping Worm Outreach, Research & Management Working Group, Cornell University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (September, 2021). Asian Jumping Worms: A Homeowner’s Guide (cornell.edu). (continued on page 51)

Keen Edge Company Bill Burke / General Manager | Phone: 262-749-8097 Email: bburke2@keenedgeco.com

Find a dealer at www.wrightmfg.com february 22 MNLA.BIZ

MDA INSPECTIONS

MDA 2021

ANNUAL REPORT

Steven Shimek MDA Nursery Program Coordinator

THE MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (MDA) IS responsible for the administration of the Nursery Law, Minnesota Statute Chapter 18H. The law prevents the introduction and spread of harmful plant pests in the

state. To accomplish this, nursery stock produced for sale must be inspected annually and certified free of harmful plant pests. Stock originating outside Minnesota must be officially certified to be free from injurious pests and under all applicable quarantines at origin. The MDA Nursery Inspection and Certification Program provides a vital service to the nursery industry and protects consumers from purchasing plants that are not viable or contain pests. Annual inspections reduce losses from harmful pests by detecting and treating problems before they can cause more serious damage. Certified nursery stock can move freely within the United States, and special certificates are issued for plants being exported. A standard of quality is maintained to assure the industry, as well as consumers, that the product they are purchasing is viable and in a healthy condition. Anyone selling nursery stock in Minnesota must have a valid Minnesota Nursery Stock Dealer or Nursery Stock Grower Certificate. They must also sell only certified nursery stock and provide documents to verify certification of stock offered for sale.

iStock.com/mrod

2021 Nursery Stock Inspections Annual inspection of growing stock proceeded as normal; however, some nurseries continued to implement policies limiting access to buildings due to the coronavirus pandemic. Communication via telephone and social distancing measures were followed to complete inspections. The Nursery Inspection and Certification Program has five regional nursery inspection staff located in Bemidji, St. Cloud, Rochester, and the Twin Cities. Staff completed 704 nursery inspections in 2021. All nursery stock grown for sale must have been inspected within 12 42

MNLA.BIZ february 22

months preceding sale. This is considered a mandatory inspection. The Nursery Inspection and Certification Program completed 471 mandatory inspections of growers and dealers with growing stock. Inspections at dealers with no growing stock were prioritized to focus on the sources of stock and sales volume. Those that purchase stock from outside Minnesota and have gross sales of nursery stock above $20,000 were classified as high priority. Inspectors completed 179 of these high priority dealers. Low priority dealers purchase stock from within Minnesota with annual gross sales below $20,000. Thirty-one low priority inspections were completed. Top Plant Pest Incidents The purpose of an inspection visit is to identify plants that are not certified for sale due to a plant pest, disease, or other health condition. Plants may be restricted until the appropriate regulatory response is completed, allowing plants to be offered for sale. In 2021, inspectors reported 590 incidents requiring regulatory action involving 5,893 plants. The most significant pests encountered during the 2021 season where boring insects since infested stock cannot be treated and must be removed and destroyed. Mites, though accounting for a very high number of plants involved, are generally not a significant impact on overall plant health. Rhizosphaera and Stigmina needlecast on spruce was reported as one of the top disease problems. These plants are treated to control the disease prior to sale. Other top issues encountered during the 2021 inspection season include general canker on deciduous trees and Cytospora canker on spruce. Cankers can be caused either by living organisms, including fungi, bacteria, and insects, or by non-living things such weather events (hail or extreme heat or cold) or by manmade wounds. Stock that does not meet the minimum requirements to be expected to grow with normal vigor must be restored to health before it can be offered for sale. Because of weather extremes and improper handling, abiotic or non-living causes such as drought or high temperatures, as well as damage from

iStock.com/FG Trade

“

OTHER TOP ISSUES ENCOUNTERED DURING THE 2021 INSPECTION SEASON INCLUDE GENERAL CANKER ON DECIDUOUS TREES AND CYTOSPORA CANKER ON SPRUCE.

overwintering conditions, made up a significant number of plants removed from sale. Virus on hosta and other perennials was reported 45 times. Hosta virus complex is the term used as there are more than one virus organism commonly found causing similar symptoms and more than one virus can be present. Hosta virus X, along with impatiens necrotic spot virus and tomato ringspot virus, has been found on hosta. Symptoms may vary based upon the cultivar of hosta and may look different at different stages of development or time of year. When found, infected plants must be destroyed. Growers are encouraged to submit samples for laboratory testing and plants may be allowed back on sale based upon negative results. In addition to hosta virus complex, tobacco rattle virus is commonly found on Dicentra (bleeding heart). Insect borers are a pest problem that are routinely found during inspections. Bronze birch borer on birch, red oak borer on oak, flat-headed apple tree borer on maples, and others can be very destructive. Trees found infested with borers must be removed and

destroyed. It is recommended that remaining trees be treated with insecticides to protect them from attack. Borers can be difficult to detect as they feed under the bark. Sawdust like frass, sap flow, raised ridges of bark, and exit holes are the obvious signs of borer attack. However, early detection can be difficult and may require cutting into the bark to confirm borer activity. 2021 Violations The Nursery Inspection and Certification Program issued 81 Reports of Violation to Nursery Stock Dealer and Grower Certificate holders. Some of Minnesota’s specially regulated noxious weeds have signage requirements and accounted for 34 of the reports. For example, Amur maple and Norway maple must be labeled with instructions to plant only in areas where seedlings will be controlled and at least 100 yards from natural areas. Seventeen violations were issued for plants with mislabeled cold hardiness zones contrary to the cold hardiness list on the MDA website. Six violations were for selling

”

restricted noxious weeds, Siberian pea shrub and black locust. The current Minnesota Noxious Weed List can be viewed at www.mda. state.mn.us/noxiousweedlist. Seven violations were for packaged plants that had not been stored properly and were non-viable. These plants are sold in early spring and must be kept in a dormant state to maintain viability. Once they break dormancy, they must be planted immediately or will likely not survive. All Reports of Violation are forwarded to the MDA’s Plant Protection Division Compliance Officer for further action and to determine further regulatory penalties. The MDA Nursery Inspection and Certification Program looks forward to working with nursery stock dealers and nursery stock growers in 2022 to protect our natural resources from invasive pests, diseases, and weeds. ➽ FIND MORE INFORMATION about the program, certification, and state regulations on the MDA website at www.mda.state.mn.us/nurseryprogram. february 22 MNLA.BIZ

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1200 Highway 13 East 71 Minnesota Avenue Hwy. 13 and 12th Ave Hwy. 36 and Rice Street Burnsville, MN 55337 Little Canada, MN 55117 952-894-0894 651-407-3727 588 Outpost Circle I-94 and Hwy. 12 Hudson, WI 54016 715-531-0801

CONIFERS The World of

iStock.com/Willard

Matthew Olson

CONIFERS

Matthew Olson

SNOW DOESN’T STAND A CHANCE.

Figure 1: A stand of Tamarack in late Fall.

CONIFERS ARE A UNIQUE GROUP OF PLANTS, AND MINNESOTA IS GOOD PLACE FOR THEM. There are ten species of native conifers in the state, creating many options to incorporate them into the landscape. Whether your client needs a large specimen, or a dwarf shrub, conifers provide ample opportunity to be creative. White Pine (Pinus strobus) may be the most

recognized conifer in Minnesota, for good reason. It can live for hundreds of years and grow over 100 feet tall, making it the largest conifer in the Midwest. The feathery needles grow in bundles of five, which is unique among our native pines. This species grows well in open spaces, away from roads where salt is used during winter. For small yards and gardens, a dwarf cultivar of this species can be used. The cultivar ‘Nana’ features a neat and compact habit, allowing it to be grown in landscape beds. If you’re looking for adventure, the cultivar ‘Pendula’ is a great choice. This cultivar grows farther horizontally than vertically, often trailing along the ground in several directions. Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea) is commonly grown as a Christmas tree, but it’s also an

MNLA.BIZ february 22

iStock.com/skhoward

excellent tree for Minnesota landscapes. Topping out at 50 to 70 feet tall, it’s one of the few shade tolerant conifers that grow well in our climate. Balsam Fir may struggle in urban areas but performs well in locations outside of large cities. The canopy of this species stays full to the ground, allowing it to be used as a screen. This tree is native to central and northern Minnesota, preferring cool summers and cold winters. However, it can be grown throughout Minnesota. For small spaces, the cultivar ‘Nana’ grows only 2' tall and stays compact. Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is native to Minnesota, but is uncommon, only being found in the northeast part of the state. Growing to 80 feet tall, it can be recognized by its short, soft, two-sided needles. This tree performs well in Minnesota landscapes, and can tolerate shade, though it requires some sun to stay compact and full. Though rare in Minnesota forests, Hemlock can be found at many local nurseries. Over 300 cultivars of this tree are available. The Cultivar ‘Summer Snow’ grows only 20 feet tall and features new white growth that darkens with age. ‘Moon Frost’ stays compact and round, reaching only four feet tall and wide, with new white growth. Blue Spruce (Picea pungens) is widely planted throughout the Midwest. However, it’s susceptible to a variety of fungal diseases, often killing the trees. Many people love the blue needles that grace the new growth of these

trees. White Fir (Abies concolor) is an outstanding alternative to Blue Spruce. Featuring similar colored foliage, it creates the same beautiful effect, with lower disease risk. Conifers are often evergreen, retaining their green leaves year-round. But some are deciduous, shedding their leaves in Fall. These trees are known as deciduous conifers. The Tamarack (Larix laricina) is Minnesota’s only native deciduous conifer. A favorite of mine, it grows 40 to 80 feet, with a conical shape, like spruce and fir. It features soft needles that emerge light green in spring and darken during summer. Not only do they shed needles in fall, but they create a stunning show in the process. Often the last tree to change color, the needles turn bright gold, brightening the bogs of northern Minnesota. In the wild, they are mainly found growing in bogs, but they perform well in residential settings. They are exceptional choices for areas with wet soil, but also thrive in soil with average moisture. Several dwarf cultivars exist for this tree. ‘Deborah Waxman’ grows to a height of four feet, while other cultivars, such as ‘Pendula’ create a weeping effect. The Tamarack may be the only tree of this type native to Minnesota, but it’s not the only deciduous conifer that’ll grow here. Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum) is gaining popularity in the Midwest. This tree is native to the southern U.S. and is found in swamps. You won’t find them in the wild here, but they

are common in the south. Despite not being found here, they appear to be hardy here, with several mature trees growing in the Twin Cities. In Wisconsin, I’ve seen stands of this species that are over 40 feet tall, and landscapers are planting it more frequently. It’s uncertain if this species is consistently hardy in the Twin Cities, but it may be worth trying to grow. The needles turn a beautiful shade of orange and red during fall. A unique feature of this tree is the knees that pop out of the ground around the base as the tree matures. White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) are often found growing in northern Minnesota. They grow slowly but can live for hundreds of years. In the wild, they have an open habit, and grow 40 feet tall. This tree is often called Arborvitae. Over 100 cultivars exist for this species, many of which are narrow and compact. These cultivars range from 3 to 40 feet tall, making this species popular for screens in the landscape. Most cultivars are dark green, but some offer unique colors, like ‘Fire Chief’, which has bright red growth. Conifers are an excellent group that allow us to promote native species, while showing our creativity in the landscape. MATTHEW OLSON, MNLA-CP is a Horticulturist at the Kohler Co. in Kohler, WI, as well as a freelance garden writer. He can be reached at matt@mattolsonhorticulture.com.

february 22 MNLA.BIZ

LIGHT UP THE NIGHT If you’ve been searching for a great profit-making addition to your current services, it’s time to consider outdoor lighting.

Hillside canopy trees come alive with the glow of uplighting.

Contractor business-building, profit-making addition to your client services

In recent years, outdoor lighting has moved past trendiness and become an asked-for standard offering in landscape and outdoor living projects; both residential and commercial. Not only does lighting a property properly show off its beauty and accent its features, property owners want the safety, security, and added lifestyle benefits that dramatic lighting delivers. “Over the past few seasons, we’ve seen increases in lighting orders from three strong outdoor service segments,” explains Mark Hanson. Mark is founder and CEO of TouchStone Accent

Lighting, an outdoor lighting specialist manufacturer and supplier, headquartered in Long Lake, Minnesota. “Orders and inquiries from outdoor services including hardscape installation contractors, landscape installation contractors, and property maintenance and lawn care services are all on the uptick.” Many of these firms’ current customers have already requested outdoor lighting as a part of the package of site services. And the contractors and maintenance firms have quickly realized what an easy complement this is to add to their client offerings! Easy-to-install low-voltage landscape lighting can be a perfect fit for contractors desiring to expand services – and

TouchStone Bullet series fixtures install easily, even in existing hardscapes.

lighting lets your customers enjoy their outdoor spaces, right into the nighttime. It enhances the project in many beneficial ways. “And talk about curb appeal, dramatically showcasing their beautiful settings!” adds Hanson. It didn’t take long for outdoor installation contractors and maintenance-service operators to understand that these are also high-profit additions to their business toolkits. Hanson notes, “There is a healthy mark-up for the installation contractor and the lighting project build-out times are often short.” On the commercial side, contractors serving the restaurant and hotel/resort hospitality industries are adding outdoor lighting to more and more projects. They

All photos courtesy of TouchStone Accent Lighting.

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discovered early that outdoor dining, courtyards, lounging and gathering areas, walks and gardens, were valuable assets to their commercial projects. “Beautiful outdoor lighting creates style, adds safety, and builds the brand, as well as making for a great ambiance in the guest experience!” says Hanson.

A challenging pattern: becoming foreign-made

While some landscape product industry manufacturing sectors are on the upswing and increasing their production in the US, lighting has largely become foreign-made. Hanson explains, “There are complex issues with foreign-made products – especially, as we’ve come to know, with shipping and delivery challenges. But with strategic buying, sourcing locally, our own manufacturing, and forward-thinking inventorying, we’ve been able to make high-quality, high-aesthetic, durability, and availability, our own company’s ‘TouchStone’! And we have a high skill-level and tech-savvy manufacturing workforce to bring top-quality to the products.” What does this mean to the specifying landscape architect, or to the contractor/ installer, or to the end user? Supply is everything. “Made locally” gives added-value, with no sacrifices in excellence and availability. “American-made, and in our

Commercial settings are made inviting with a variety of TouchStone fixtures and effects.

case, Minnesota-made, should be a point of pride in everyone’s professional and consumer decision-making,” said Hanson.

where contractors, installers, and designers can become Illuminologists on their own projects.

“Our story here at TouchStone, really begins with Minnesota manufacturing”, explains Hanson. “We have been manufacturing our premium line of high-quality landscape lighting fixtures for more than 25 years.” Landscape contractors, landscape architects, property maintenance/lawn-care services, garden centers, designers, builders, and homeowners have come to rely on TouchStone products as their go-to source for beautiful long-lasting lighting. “And they’re made right here. Our manufacturing facility is just west of Minneapolis. We’re extremely proud of offering a great line of products, all Minnesota-made!”

No short-term trend

Finding and filling a valuable niche with hardscape installers and landscape installers New and trend-setting fixtures for landscape/hardscape specifiers and installers, such as Bullet Series and Ledge Series fixtures, Post/Pipe fixtures, and Fence/Sconce fixtures have become hugely popular with hardscape designers and installers. They are versatile high-style fixtures, adding safety and beauty to walls, benches, sitting walls, step systems, outdoor kitchens, firepits and fireplaces, patios, and decks. Bullet Series, for example, can be used on segmental or stone walls either with a cap stone overhang, or without. Popular fixtures like the Coppertino Series can be used as pathway lighting, garden bed lighting, courtyard lighting, or patio lighting. This versatility and variety in fixtures provide solutions for every situation. More than just manufacturing and supplying, TouchStone can help contractors and designers with consultation, recommendations, equipment selections, specifications, and complete quotes. They offer a popular Illuminologist Certification Program

The industry has seen trends come and go in landscaping and outdoor living, but lighting is almost a constant project feature. And Hanson points out, “The pandemic brought us a unique, new group of clients. During stay-at-home times in 2020 and 2021, lighting for safety and property security rose dramatically.” Being in home environments for extended periods caused people to look to enhancing their property’s “curb-appeal” or to add dramatic lighting to their existing outdoor rooms, entertaining areas, or walks and paths, patios, and courtyards. At the end of the day, as darkness falls (and it always does!), dramatic outdoor lighting brings warm enjoyment to every one of a property owner’s outdoor spaces. These aren’t temporary trends. These are solid benefits to a property and to the owners’ lifestyle, brought about by great outdoor lighting. More and more, landscape architects and landscape designers, contractors, installers, builders, and developers are requesting lighting consultation and recommendations for their projects’ outdoor living spaces. Custom lighting products, not sold in big box stores, are available to illuminate your client’s home or business with uplights, downlights, LED lights, solar lights, accent lighting, architectural lighting, and more. “We have energy-efficient landscape lighting options for every purpose – traditional or modern. All Minnesota-made,” said Hanson.

For more information, product specifications, ordering, or to find out more about becoming a certified Illuminologist, visit the TouchStone Accent Lighting website: TouchStoneLights.com, or call 952.475.2112.

59TH ANNUAL

MINNESOTA SHADE TREE SHORT COURSE Virtual MARCH 15-16, 2022 | WWW.MNSTSC.ORG | INFO@MNSTSC.ORG | 651-633-4987

The 59th Annual Shade Tree Short Course is two-day virtual course for everyone involved in urban forestry, arboriculture, and the green industry. ISA Certified Arborist® CEUs are available for most sessions. This exceptional virtual experience, featuring both general and concurrent sessions, will keep with the Shade Tree Short Course’s tradition of providing quality education sessions. Please plan to join us from the comfort of your own home or office! The interactive software platform for the conference allows you to ask the speakers questions, chat with other attendees, and reach out directly to anyone at the Virtual Short Course. The more you engage with others, the more valuable your conference will be!

Registration Fees: • • • •

Early Bird Registration - $200 (before February 25, 2022) Regular Registration - $220 (after February 25, 2022) Student Registration - $45 Tree Board/Park Board Member Registration - $110

Attendees who register will be able to attend live streamed education sessions. Recorded sessions will also be posted one week after the conference and will be accessible to registered attendees for 30 days. Please note that ISA CEUs will be available for live online sessions, but not for recordings post-event.

GO TO WWW.MNSTSC.ORG TO REGISTER AND SEE THE LATEST INFORMATION. Sponsorship:

Interested in sponsorship opportunities? Please contact us at 651-633-4987 or info@mnstsc.org.

Questions?

For questions or more information, please contact us at 651-633-4987 or info@mnstsc.org.

AWARDS

WEISENHORN NAMED MNLA VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR

Julie Weisenhorn was named MNLA Volunteer of the Year during the Green Industry Awards Celebration held Jan. 11, 2022 at the Hilton Minneapolis. Weisenhorn is Associate Extension Professor and Extension Educator in the Horticulture Department at the University of Minnesota. The MNLA Volunteer of the Year Award honors an individual who has, within the previous 18 months, risen up to make special achievements happen for the association. Working within the MNLA, this individual’s leadership and commitment will have helped significantly improve the activities, stature, or services of the association. Weisenhorn was honored this year for her support and volunteerism related to green industry educational opportunities and consumer survey efforts. One of MNLA’s strategic tenants is to provide quality educational opportunities for the green industry and Weisenhorn has consistently helped to innovate programs for MNLA through her participation on the MNLA Education & Certification Committee. In 2021, Northern Green was held in an online format. Weisenhorn played an integral role in ensuring that Northern Green Virtual was a successful educational effort by providing top-notch moderation in online forums. She helped create excitement by getting attendees engaged in

online discussions about what they were learning, which elevated the experience for all who attended. In addition, Weisenhorn helped to create two unique and tailored education opportunities during Northern Green 2022. She led the collection of consumer data that garden centers can use to help ‘keep new gardeners gardening.’ She also engaged landscape designers in a hands-on workshop to further their skills. Without integral volunteers like Julie, putting on exceptional educational opportunities would not be possible. “Because of Julie’s breadth of knowledge and relationships in the industry, and her ability to conceptualize tools and content that the industry needs, Julie has become a vital partner within the MNLA community,” said MNLA Executive Director Cassie Larson. According to MNLA President Randy Berg, “When Julie is struck by an idea that would make the professional green industry in Minnesota better, she doesn’t just talk about it — she leaps into action. At MNLA, we have been blessed to have volunteers like Julie, and we need more — professionals who actively engage in critical conversations about our industry while contributing to projects that benefit many members.” In addition to the MNLA Education & Certification Committee, Weisenhorn also serves on the MN Department of Agriculture Noxious Weed Advisory Committee, and is a member of several horticulture societies.

(CONTINUED from page 41) Qiu, J., and M.G. Turner. 2017. Effects of Non-Native Asian Earthworm Invasion on Temperate Forest and Prairie Soils in the Midwestern US. Biological Invasions 19(1):73–88. Effects of non-native Asian earthworm invasion on temperate forest and prairie soils in the Midwestern US | SpringerLink (abstract only). Reynolds, J.W. and M. Mctavish. 2021. New Asian Pheretimoid “Jumping Earthworm” Records (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) in Canada. Megadrilogica 26(7):83-89. (PDF) New Asian pheretimoid “jumping earthworm” records (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) in Canada. (researchgate.net). Johnson, D.M., K.M. Gale, A.M. Dobson, and T.S. McCay. 2021. Public Reporting and Perception of Invasive Pheretimoid “Jumping Worms” in the Northeastern United States. Northeastern Naturalist 28(3):383–396. Public Reporting and Perception of Invasive Pheretimoid “Jumping Worms” in the Northeastern United States (bioone.org).

Chang, C.-H., B.A. Snyder, and K. Szlavecz. 2016. Asian Pheretimoid Earthworms in North America North of Mexico: An Illustrated Key to the Genera Amynthas, Metaphire, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa 4179(3):495– 529. Chang_et_al_2016_Zootaxa.pdf (uvm.edu). Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR). 2022. Jumping Worm (Amynthas species). Jumping worm (Amynthas species) | Minnesota DNR (state.mn.us).

sheet_Amynthas-spp_Frev170502c-1.pdf (wisc.edu). Bezrutczyk, A., A. Bowe, C. Brown-Lima, A. Dávalos, A. Dobson, B. Herrick, T. McCay, and K. Wickings. 2021. Invasive Species for Homeowners: Asian Jumping Worms – Amynthas agrestis, A. tokioensis, and Metaphire hilgendorfi Family Megascolecidae. Jumping Worm Outreach, Research, & Management Working Group; Cornell Cooperative Extension. FinalDraft_JWORMfactsheet (ccetompkins.org).

University of Minnesota Extension. 2021. Jumping Worms. Jumping worms (umn.edu). Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Jumping Worms – Amynthas spp. Jumping worms | Wisconsin DNR, https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/ topic/Invasives/fact/jumpingWorm.html. University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum. 2017. UW–Madison Arboretum Invasive Species Alert: “Jumping Worm” – Amynthas spp. Public-info-

➽ TO COMMENT ON THIS RESEARCH UPDATE, suggest research topics of interest, or pass along a piece of research-based information that might be of interest to your industry colleagues, please email us at Research@MNLA.biz.

february 22 MNLA.BIZ

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GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS

The Legislative Action Center Was a Glowing Success! Forrest Cyr

MNLA Director of Government Affairs

From January 11-13, 2022, the Minnesota Nursery and Landscape Association (MNLA) hosted the Northern Green industry trade show at the Minneapolis Convention Center, with over 5000 attendees attending education classes, visiting exhibitor booths, and connecting with colleagues from across the industry and region. With over 5000 industry professionals attending the show

during the three days, Northern Green 2022 was a successful return to normal with the Minneapolis Convention Center buzzing with energy and excitement. During Northern Green, MNLA’s Government Affairs Committee hosted the Legislative Action Center, the onestop-shop dedicated to educating and engaging members and attendees about public policy, industry advocacy, politics, and ongoing government affairs and grassroots efforts by the association’s staff and volunteers. During the show, hundreds of attendees stopped by the Legislative Action Center to engage with MNLA Government Affairs staff, volunteers, as well as Minnesota House of Representatives member Rep. Rob Ecklund. Thank you to everyone who made the 2022 Legislative Action Center a success, got a great MNLA mug, and filled out a public policy survey. With the 2022 Minnesota legislative session upcoming, MNLA’s ongoing advocacy work and legislative agenda was central to the discussion at the Legislative Action Center, and attendees engaged with staff and volunteers to learn, share, and get involved. Attendees learned about the ongoing issues impacting Minnesota’s green industry, including efforts to change backflow prevention device regulations in Minnesota, establish fairness in construction contracts, require uniform state labor standards, encourage planting for pollinators, and secure funding to combat Emerald Ash Borer statewide. Additionally,

representatives from the National Association of Landscape Professionals shared updates on federal legislative efforts to secure more H-2B visas and enact the Returning Worker Exemption legislation currently moving through Congress. MNLA extends a sincere thank you to Representative Rob Ecklund for attending Northern Green 2022, connecting with green industry professionals and MNLA members, and discussing the upcoming legislative session at the Minnesota State Capitol. Visiting the Legislative Action Center at Northern Green is just one of many opportunities this year for MNLA members to connect with members of the Minnesota Legislature on topics related to success as a green industry professional. MNLA members will have more fantastic opportunities to get involved in government affairs in 2022, starting with MNLA’s Week on the Hill, an online week of advocacy for MNLA members. Due to lingering COVID-19 concerns, Day on the Hill will again be a virtual event in 2022, building on our successful online advocacy event earlier this year. During the week of February 28, 2022, join your fellow MNLA members for Virtual Day on the Hill visits throughout the week. Members will meet with their elected officials via Zoom, joined by MNLA Government Affairs staff. As a constituent, your legislators want to hear from you! All you must do is register at MNLA.biz and show up!

TO LEARN MORE ABOUT HOW YOUR INVOLVEMENT in advocacy can help your business and the green industry in Minnesota, contact Forrest Cyr at forrest@mnla.biz, or visit www.mnla.biz.

february 22 MNLA.BIZ

COMMITTEE OPENINGS

MAKE A

iStock.com/nazarkru

DIFFERENCE The MNLA Board of Directors forms committees to carry out the strategic direction of the organization. Below is a list of the committees with current openings, and a summary of their mission.

TRADE SHOW

Openings

GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS

Openings

CAREER DEVELOPMENT

Openings

Staff Liaison: Jon Horsman

Staff Liaisons: Forrest Cyr & Cassie Larson

Staff Liaison: Cassie Larson

Co-Chair: Dave Kemp

Chair: Tim Malooly, Water in Motion

Chair: Jim Shimon, Willow River Companies

Co-Chair: Paul Griffin • Ensure a smooth move-in and move-out process for Northern Green exhibitors.

COMMUNICATION & TECHNOLOGY

Openings

• Recommend policy positions; set and

• Create a career development model to

implement strategy; represent the

assist with green industry employee

collective interests of MNLA members in

retention and to promote employee

legislative and regulatory affairs.

advancement.

NETWORKING

Openings

Staff Liaison: Jon Horsman

Staff Liaison: Gwendolen Nystrom

Staff Liaison: Jon Horsman

Chair: Diana Grundeen, Trio Landscaping LLC

Chair: Matt Mallas, SiteOne Landscape Supply

Chair: V an Cooley, Malmborg’s Inc.

• Make MNLA a critical information hub for

• Organize member-based business-to-

Openings

• Hands-on outreach to members and

business trends, marketing expertise and

business networks that promote profit

prospective members via phone calls and

consumer insight; increase the value of

opportunities for members; foster small

in-person visits.

MNLA’s member communication resources;

group networking among members;

spur greater social media activity among

organize cross-industry networks between

members.

MNLA members and related industries.

EDUCATION & CERTIFICATION

Opening

WATER RESOURCES

Openings

Staff Liaison: Cassie Larson Chair: Tim Malooly, Water in Motion, Inc.

Staff Liaison: Gwendolen Nystrom Chair: Mike Heger, Ambergate Horticultural Consulting

• Assure water remains practically available for use in the landscape and protect the interests of member practitioners in the

• Overall education program strategy and decision-making.

MEMBERSHIP

MNLA.BIZ february 22

design, installation, maintenance and management of water in the landscape.



GET STARTED

TODAY!

Interested in learning more? Contact a board member, a committee chair, an MNLA staff member, or submit a volunteer application at www.MNLA.biz/committees.

MNLA FOUNDATION MNLA FOUNDATION

minnesota turf and grounds foundation

GREEN INDUSTRY BOWLING TOURNAMENT Be part of this striking networking event that includes food, drinks, shoe rentals, bowling, trophies, raffles, and much more. Proceeds will fund green industry scholarships. MTGF and MNLA have partnered together to create a fundraiser benefiting scholarships in the green industry. Connect with old friends, create new friends, and have lots of fun! • Over $1,500 in prizes! • Registration includes two games, a showdown round for a trophy and bragging rights, two drink tickets, a pizza buffet, and free bowling shoe rental. • Fun way to get through winter! • It is not necessary to be a member of MTGF nor MNLA to participate.

Register early! This event will sell out! • Wednesday, February 23, 2022 • Flahertys Arden Bowl, 1273 West County Road E, Arden Hills, 55112 • 3:00 –5:30pm (registration begins at 2:30) • $45 per person • Register at www.MNLA.biz/bowling

Questions?

Contact Paulette Sorenson: paulette@mnla.biz/651-633-4987

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