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7

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8

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9

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

wdu k w f ef;pD; 0if;wifhxGef; (1) “tckæ rif;wdk‹a&mufvmwm axmif? axmifrSæ wdkufvdk‹ac:wJhae&m a&mufvmwm? tdrf rSmaeæ tdrpf nf;urf;/ ausmif;rSmae ausmif;pnf;urf;/ wdu k rf mS ae wdu k pf nf;urf; æ axmifpnf;urf; qdkwm yHkpH/ wdkufpnf;urf;qdkwm yHkpH? yHkpHudk pHkuefvdk‹uawmh tara&æ u|JrawG‹bl; jzpfoGm;r,f? rif;wd‹k [mrif;wd‹k tjyifrmS bmaumif}uD;yJjzpfcjhJ zpfchJ bmyk*Kd~ vf}uD;yJjzpfcjhJ zpfchJ rif;wd‹k &‹J *% k af wG odumQ awG bm}uD;awG nm}uD;awGqdkwmudk axmifAl;0rSmc|wfxm;cJhæ ” axmiftr_xrf;waumif&J@axmifwGif;urR0g&GwfoHu cyfxefxef ysH‹vGifhvmw,f? tif;pdef e&odeu f rBm&J‹aEGu yljyif;avmifòrdu&f wJt h xJ em;xJo&H nfyel ‹J avmif;csvu kd o f vdyk gy?J usaemf+idr+f yD; em;axmifaerdw,f? usaemfhudk ydwfavSmifxm;&m (5)wdkufeHygwf(1)tcef;xJuae tjyifbufqD twwfEdkifqHk;em;pGifh+yD; qufem;axmifaerdw,f? “uJæ rsKd;odef; æ xHk;pHtwdkif; yHkpHjyay;vdkufygOD; æ” pum;oH tqHk;rSmawmh æ “yHkpHjyr,fæ aocsm=unfh/ aocsmem;axmifæ” jymvtJt h hJ oHjympl;pl; rsK;d ode;f &J‹toHu trde‹f csrw S cf ge;D w&m;ol}uD;&J‹avrsK;d eJ‹ cyfaqmifh aqmifh xGufay:vmw,f? “æ a[m'g xdkifyHkpH/ wifyv†ifacGxdkifxm;/ vufESpfzufu 'l;ay:wifxm;/ vufrudk vuf xJrSm xnfhqkyfxm;/ cg;udk rwfrwfxm;/ rsufaphu awmif=unfhajrmuf=unfhrvkyfeJ‹? wef;pD æqdkwJh toH=um;&ifæ 'Dvdkxdkifae&r,f æa[m'gu &yfyHkpH? vufESpfzufudk a&S‹rSma[m'Dvdktkyf+yD; csxm;& r,fæaxmifr;ª axmifyikd af wGe‹J pum;ajym&if wifjyp&m&S&d if 'Dvykd pkH &H yf+yD; pum;ajym&r,f/ q&mawG qdkwmu 'Dutr_xrf;awGtm;vHk;udkajymwmæ ” rsK;d ode;f &J‹ oHjympl;pl; jymvtJt h o hJ [ H m atmify&JG ppfo}l uD; avrsK;d xGuv f u kd /f zefw&m awatmif t}udr}f udrt f cgcg &Gwzf wfyal ZmfyocJ+h yD;om;jzpfwt hJ wGu/f wa&;Ed;k tdycf sirf ;l wl; x&Gw&f wmawmif txpf t aigh r &S d a wmh w J h bk & m;ud k ; ql q &mavrsKd ; xG u f v d k u f e J ‹ ed r f h c sD j rif h c sD ay:vm aew,f ? tyfa=umif;xyfatmif =um;zl;ae&+yD;om;jzpfwJh usaemfwdk‹tzdk‹rSmawmh/ "mwfjym;uGJ r_dwuf }uD;udk tyfoGm;wHk;wHk;eJ‹zGifhjyaeovdkygyJ? 'gayrJh 'Dxl;rjcm;em;"mwfjym;uGJoH}uD;udk =um;&wdkif; =um;& wdkif; &if x J u sif c eJ usif c eJ jzpf o G m ;&wmawmh t rS e f ? emusif c H c uf jzpf & wmvJ t rS e f ? rsuf p d x J ajy;ajy;jrifaerdwwfwmu arG;xm;au|;xm;wJh ociftóuduf rJrjJ rif&majy;v$m;xd;k a[mif v_y&f mS ;jy ae&wJh tifrwefzswfzswfvwfvwf&SdvSwJh acG;euf*kwfusm; acG;+rD;wdk}uD;waumif? “udkif; æ yHkpHpr,fæ” rsKd;odef;&J‹toH? usaemfeJ‹wcef;wnf;twlae&wJh atmifoef;jrifhu usaemfhvdk tjyifbufutoHawGqD 10

0if;wifhxGef;

wdkufwef;pD; tm;pdu k ef m;pGiehf m;axmifae&mu usaemfrh suEf mS qD vSr;f =unfw h ,f? usaemfu [l;ceJ oufjyif;wcsuf r_wfxkwfvdkufrdw,f? usaemfhtm±HkodawGu vSrf;jrifaew,f? udk,f udk,fwdkifcHcJh&zl;+yD;om;jzpfwJhtjyif ae‹pOfvdkvdk =um;odae&wJh trSwo f nmtpkpak wG&‹J azmfjyr_a=umif/h usaemfw‹kd pjH ref;ae&&m (5)wdu k (f 1)cef; eH&}H u;D eJ‹ uyf&uf tkww f w H ikd ;f wxyfjcm;&J‹ [drk mS bufujzpfay:aer,fh jrifuiG ;f awGukd vSr;f jrifaew,f? 'Dtw k f wHwdkif;wdk@&J@wzufrSm Am'Hyifvwf wyif&Sdvdrfhr,f? tJ'DAm'Hyif&dyfab;rSm wdkuf±Hk;cef;qdkwJh rD;uif;wJ vdv k kd uifaywdik , f m,D tcsKyfpcef;axmufwv J v kd kd pcef;±H;k av;&Syd gw,f? tJ'D wdu k ±f ;kH cef;ajruGuv f yf rSm jrefrmuifaywdik v f ufopfrsm;&J‹zrf;qD;jcif;cHxm;&wJh topfpufpuf tusO;f om;rsm;[m aeylxrJ mS aqmifha=umifhxdkifae&ygvdrfhr,f? 'grSr[kwf blrdurŠvm ajrausmufrmay: y,fy,fe,fe,fzifcs+yD; wifyv†ifacGxdkif xdkifae&ygvdrfhr,f? toHwif jymvtJhtJhr[kwf/ tom;ta&mifyg rJusKwfusKwf jymESrf;ESrf;jzpfaewJh ‘rsKd;odef;’ u/ *k%fðycHwyfzGJ‹udk avhusifhoifwef;ay;ae&wJh oifwef;enf;jyrª; *dkufrsKd;w0uf/ tm%myg;uGufom; *dkufrsKd;w0ufeJ‹ rsufESmudkwif;wif;xm;+yD; a&S‹wdk;aemufiif vrf;ovm;aeygvdrfhr,f? uifaywdkif wdkuf±Hk;cef;wJwGif;u˜pm;yGJa&S‹rSm/ ppfwyfu wdkuf±dkufcef‹xm;wJh qm*sifodef;òrdif qdo k u l , kd w f ikd f 'grrS [kwf wm0efus axmifwyf=uyf}uD;oH;k &pfu, kd w f ikd f t+rde‹f om;xdik ±f p_ m;ae+yD; usef w&pf ESpf&pfeJ‹ t&pfr&Sd0g'grsm;u 0dkif;0ef;=unfh±_ae=uygvdrfhr,f? “pr,fæ” rsKd;odef;&J‹ jymvtJhtJhtoH&J‹aemufydkif; r=umrDvmawmhr,fhtoHu vlaAsmoH e&odefaAsmoHqdkwmudkvJ usaemfóudwifod&Sdaeygw,f? “yHkpHæ” “xdik rf ,f æ “xr,f æ” “bkef; *Grf; azsmif; æ bkwfæ tGef‹” rsKd;odef;&J@yHkpHwdkifoH ac:oHawGeJ‹twl wqufwnf; xGufay:vmwJh bkef; *Grf; azsmif; æ bkwfæ tGef‹awGuawmh vufpGrf;jy xkoH ESufoH ±dkufoHawGeJ‹ cH&olbufu xGufay:vmwJh toHawGæ “'Dcg;}uD;u bmvdk‹ukef;ae&wmvJ æ bkef;” “'Dvufu tElvufoD;qkyfxm;ovdk}uD; æ bkwf” “'Dausm,m;}uD;u avmufav;udkif;vdk aumhraeeJ‹/ rwfrwfxm; æ udk;q,f'D*&D rwf rwf æ*Gwf æ tGef‹ æ” rsKd;odef;&J‹ oHjym;pl;a[mufoHaigufoH/ tjypfr&Sdtjypf&Sm ±dkufESufxkaxmif;jy&oHawG tqufrjywf nHpnfpifxGufvmw,f? topfpufpuf tusOf;om;rsm;crsm ajrjyifay: zHktvdrf;vdrf; ac|;t&$J&$JeJ‹ tvJvJtvl;vl; cHae=u&ygvdrfhr,f? u|Jaygufwaumifvdk ajy;v$m;xkESuf atmf[pfjyae&wJh rsKd;odef;&J‹udk,fay:rSmvJ ac|;awGpdk‹aeygvdrfhr,f? wdkufwef;pD;rsKd;odef;&J‹ 'DvdkwdkufyHkpHjyoHawG ae‹pOf&ufquf =um;vm&+yDqdk&ifawmh wdkufxJrSm tr_wo JG pfawG Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;opfawG pkòyHa&muf&v dS mae&+yD? tjyifrmS wjynfv;kH tzrf;tqD;awG 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; rsm;ae+yDqdkwJh oauFwygyJ? aemufxyf b,folawGrsm; tqGJcH&jyef+yDvJ? udk,feJ‹wqufwnf; tr_wGJwlawGrsm;vm;? v_y&f mS ;r_topfawGrsm; xyfay:vmwmvm;? ævm;/ ævm;qdw k hJ rqH;k Edik w f hJ awG;awmxifjrif rSe;f q =unfhr_awGeJ‹twl &ifxJrSm v_dif;abmifbifcwfcJh& a=uuGJcJh& qdk‹eifhcJh&wmcsnf; jzpfygw,f? yHkpHjyoH ±dkufoHESufoHawG+idrfoufoGm;+yD; q,frdepfavmuf=umcsdefrSmawmh xHk;pHtwdkif;æ “zsmaxmif aemufvSnfh wef;pDxm; æ” rsKd;odef;&J‹ oHjymvtJh pll;&S&S[m aEGav±l;eJ‹twl cyfoJhoJhyJ vdrfh0ifvmw,f? 'DwdkufrSmr[kwfyJ (4)wdu k v f m; (2)wdu k v f m;qD ae&mcsxm;vdu k yf &kH w,f? 'ga=umifh (5)wdu k x f q J t D xdawmh pl;pl;&if&h ifh a&mufrvm? 'gayrJh eifeh ifph ;l pl; cHpm;ae&qJ&ifcek o f u H awmh wqwfqwf wkecf gaewke;f av? &yfroGm;/ +idrfroGm;? “tif; æ aemufxyf b,fESpfa,mufavmufrsm;jzpfrvJ uAsmq&ma&æ” atmifoef;jrifh u usaemfhrsufESmudk=unfh&if; oufjyif;wzGzGeJ‹ajymw,f? “rsKd;odef; 'Dbufa&mufvmwJhtcg acsmhar;=unfhaygh? armif&ifeJ‹ &if;ESD;om;yJ[m” usaemfuajymawmh atmifoef;jrifhu acgif;ndwfjyw,f? t&ifu 'Dtcef;(1)xJ usaemfa&mufrvmcif/ atmifoef;jrifhyJae&wkef;/ nbuf wdkufwef; ydwfcsdefrSm rsKd;odef;udkvJ 'Dtcef;(1)rSmyJ ae&mcsxm;ay;awmh atmifoef;jrifh[m rsKd;odef;eJ‹ E_dif;,SOf csuftm;jzifh &if;ESD;ae+yD;om;? “rsKd;odef;u usaemfhudkawmh rsufESmemaeovdkjzpfvdk‹ a&csKd; *efzvm;csawGrSm bmjy\emrS r&Smzl;bl;? 'gayrJh 'Daumifu bmowif;rS odyfrajymbl;? ol‹tb qm*sifodef;òrdifwdk‹ rsufESm!dkrSm odyfa=umufwmæ” atmifoef;jrifhu usaemfhudk&Sif;jyawmh usaemfòyH;vdkufrdw,f?

(2) rsKd;odef;[m wdkufwef;pD;? ‘wef;pD;’qdkwJh&mxl;[m e&odefxJrSm eJeJaemaem &mxl;r[kwf? tusOf;om;uaejzpfEdkifwJh &mxl;awGxJrSm tjrifhqHk;? tjyifuae axmifrª; axmifydkifawGudk aiGxdk;vdkif;0ifrS&EdkifwJh &mxl;ae&m jzpf±rkH u ud, k w f ikd u f vJ ±du k &f J ESu&f J xk&J axmif;&JwhJ vufpvufe&SOd ;D rS? trsm;tm;jzifh ESp}f uD;orm; vlowform;eJ‹ "m;jy}uD;awG 'Dvdk&mxl;rsKd;&avh&Sdw,f? txl;ojzifh ‘wdkufwef;pD;’vdk ae&mrsKd;us/ txufyg t&nftcsif;awGtjyif axmufvSrf;a&;óuduf qm*sifodef;òrdifwdk‹vdk aumifawGtóudufyg jynfhpHkvHkavmufzdk‹vdkao;w,f? ‘wdkuf’qdkwm axmufvSrf;a&;uzrf;qD;xm;wJh tusOf;om;awG/ trsm;tm;jzifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG xm;wJhae&mav? rsKd;odef;[m owfrSwft&nftcsif;awG jynfhpHkol? t&ifu “ppfom;”qdkwJh[muvJ axmuf vSrf;a&;óuduf? vlvHk;vlzefu u|Jaygufwaumifvdk? xka&; ESufa&; vufraES;wwfwm ol‹tr_uae oufaocH+yD;om;? ol‹txuft&m&Sd Adkvfrª;wOD;tygt0if vlESpfa,mufudk owfvmcJhwJhvlowfr_eJ‹ 12

0if;wifhxGef;

wdkufwef;pD; woufwu|e;f jypf'%fcsrw S jf cif;cHxm;&ol? ppfc±kH ;kH uae jypf'%fcsrw S cf +hJ yD; t&yfbufaxmif v$aJ jymif; ay;tyfvdkufvdk‹ tif;pdefaxmifxJa&mufvm&ol? Adkvfae0if;[m ol‹ppfwyfxJu ol‹cGm&m wdkif;vm EdkifzG,f &SdolrSefor# b,fhavmufyJðzwfxkwfy,f ay:vpDusifhoHk;+yD; &uf&ufpufpuf ta&;,lcJh,lcJh/ tjyifu omrefvlawGeJ‹,SOf=unfh&if wyfuvmol[m olrsm;xuf acgif;wvHk;ydkaeEdkifapa&;twGuf t±dk;t&if;av;awG jyefcsau|;wJh pHerl&SdcJhovdk/ ppfwyfu ppfom;tjzpfu vlowfr_usL;vGefvmcJhwJh rsK;d ode;f [mvJ tif;pdeaf xmifxrJ mS wdu k w f ef;pD;tjzpf axmufvrS ;f a&;óuduf ae&m&vmwm bmrSawmh rqef;? axmifxJrSm ppffa=uma&;awmfawmfeJ‹ rjywfEdkifbJ axmufvSrf;a&;u r=umc% wdkufxJu qGJqGJxkwf+yD; !‡Of;yef;ESdyfpuf tòid;taw;cH&olawGtxJ usaemf[m wa,muftygt0if? tJ'Dawmh wdkufwef;pD;rsKd;odef;[m usaemfhudkvJ awmfawmfrsufrSef;wef;rdaecJh+yD? wdkufwum 0ifcGifhxGufcGifh&SdaewJh wdkufwef;pD;rsKd;odef;[m usaemfwdk‹udkxm;&m (5)wdkufxJudk vJ r=umc%a&mufa&mufvmwwfw,f? &Hzef&Hcg usaemfeJ‹atmifoef;jrifhwdk‹pHjref;&&m (5)wdkuf tcef;(1) a&S‹ oHwdkifem;txd 0if0ifvmwwfw,f? “udkrsKd;odef; æ aq;vdyfrD;av;bmav; vkyfygOD;As”vdk‹ atmifoef;jrifhuawmif;&if/ tjyifrSm &moDOwkom,mae&if rsKd;odef;u ayghayghyg;yg; vmay;wwfw,f? wcgw&H [dkajym'Dajym &,farm ðyH;&$i+f yD;awmif pum;vufqkH usjyae+yDq&kd ifawmh tjyifrmS &moDOwk awmfawmfaumif;aewJo h abm rSw, f El ikd w f ,f? wku d ±f ;kH cef;wJrmS qm*sio f ed ;f òrdirf &Sb d J E_id ;f ,SOcf sut f m;jzifh oabmxm;odyrf qd;k vSwhJ 0g'gt=uyftdk}uD;wa,mufavmufyJ wm0efusaewmrsKd;jzpfEdkifw,f? usefwJh0g'gi,fav;awG wjcm; wdu k w f wdu k w f u kd rf mS pm;usuu f s+yD;/ 'DbufrmS tajctaeaumif;aewmrsK;d vJ jzpfaumif;jzpfEikd w f ,f? “udrk sK;d ode;f æ aq;vdyrf ;D av; æ”qdw k mudk pum;rjyefbJ ESmacgi;f ±_‹H +yD; oGuo f u G o f u G o f u G f xGuo f mG ; &ifawmh tjyifrmS &moDOwk odyrf om,m? 'DbufrmS wcef;eJ‹wcef; pum;vSr;f qufo, G af jymqdw k m owdxm;vkyf&ygvdrfhr,f? 'D(5)wdkuf(1)cef;[m wdkufpcef;±Hk;wJeJ‹ teD;qHk;ae&m? &moDOwkom,maew,fvdk‹rSwf,l&r,fh wnaecif; rsKd;odef; usaemfwdk‹wdkufcef;a&S‹ a&muf vmw,f? pdwfóudufzGyfav#mf a&csKd;cGifh tcGifhta&;tjynfht0&&Sdxm;wJh rsKd;odef;[m a&rdk;csKd;+yD; qHyifudk qD&$J&$Jvdrf;xm;±Hkru/ ol‹udk,fay:u pGyfus,f*sKdif;jywfuvJ jzLazG;oef‹pifvdk‹? rJeufaewJh tom; ta&mifa=umifh pdwfóudufav#mfzGyf0wfqifxm;wJh pGyfus,ftusôta&mif[m ydkvdk‹awmif azG;Oae oa,mif&Sdw,f? ykqdk;jymudk wdkwdkygatmif0wfxm;awmh ol‹ajcovHk;tpHk[m u|Jaygufwaumif&J‹ ajctpHkvdk tar$;tr#ifawG tòydif;t±dkif;eJ‹? “cifAsm;u uAsmq&mvm;” qdkif;rqifh AHkrqifh rsKd;odef;u OD;OD;zsm;zsm; usaemfhrsufESmudk vSrf;=unfh&if; ar;vmw,f? cgwdkif;qdk&if atmifoef;jrifheJ‹yJ OD;wnfajymqdkwwfwJh rsKd;odef;u usaemfhudk OD;wnfajymqdkvmwm jzpfwt hJ jyif/ 0g'gawGa&S‹rmS tusO;f om;rSeo f r#tay: armufarmufrmrmavoHe‹J om t+rJwef;ajymqdk wwfwJholu “cifAsm;uæ”qdkwJh emrfpm;a0g[m&udk oHk;pGJajymqdkvmwma=umifh c%awmh usaemf tHh=oovdkjzpfoGm;rdw,f? +yD;awmh ðyH;vdkufrdw,f?

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; “[kwfw,fæ bmjzpfvdk‹vJ” “a=omfæ bmrSr[kwfygbl;? usaemfu odcsifvdk‹yg? usaemfvJcifAsm;vdkyJ r[kwfrcH vl wa,mufygAsm²²²” usaemf 'kwd,r`dðyH;vdkufjyefw,f? “cifAsm;udk ppfa=uma&; c%c%xkwf+yD; r=umr=umwD;ae=uw,fqdkwm usaemfvJ jrifod =um;ae&wmyJAsm? usaemfawmhr[kwzf ;l aemf/ cifAsm;udk wD;wm ppfa=uma&;rSm/ usaemfw‹kd e‹J rqdik b f ;l ? cifAsm;udk (6)wdkufxJ tqdk;qHk;xnfhxm;wma&mæ cifAsm;udk acgif;rmw,fajymae=uoHawGa&m usaemf=um;=um;aeygw,f? cifAsm;vdk usaemfvJ acgif;rmcJhzl;olyg/ r[kwf&if eJeJav;rSrcHcsifbl;/ r[kwfrcH pdwf}uD;cJholyg? 'ga=umifh usnfwuyfvHk;ukefatmif qGJypfcJhwmaygh?” “tJ'w D ek ;f u b,fvjkd zpfcw hJ mwke;f cifAsm;tr_uæ”atmifoef;jrifu h rsK;d ode;f udq k ufajym atmif vrf;a=umif;ay;vdkufw,f? “a&S@wef;u jyefvm=u+yD? veJ‹csD+yD; a&S@wef;rSmaecJh&wdkufcJh&&if; wm0ef+yD;cJh=u+yD? usaemfu iSufzsm;t}uD;tus,fwufaew,f? tE W&m,fr&SdawmhwJh udk,fh*GifxJa&mufvm=u+yD? aemufw&uf ausmaf usmq f æ kd òrd‹ay:a&mufawmhr,f/ usKyfw‹kd 'k&if;rª;Adv k rf ;ª u awmxJrmS yJ aysmyf v JG yk w f ,fAs? ypf&wJh *sDom; qwfom; awm0ufom;awGa&m/ tmrD&rfawG azmcsif;aomcsif;a&meJ‹ pdwfóudufaomuf=u pm;=u aysm=f uprf;ayg?h oDcsi;f qd=k u u=ucke=f u aomuf=upm;=ueJ‹ wnvH;k rD;yHyk }JG uD;Asæ iSuzf sm;wuf aewJu h saemfu olw‹kd u=kd unf&h if; pdwaf wGwv kd ‹kd æ? pm;Edik af omufEikd zf ‹kd aeaeomom olw‹kd qn l H uckef ae=uwmudk/ vlurcHr&yfEdkifatmif em;rcHEdkifatmifjzpfaew,fæusaemfu odyfrql=uygeJ‹vdk‹ajym awmh waumifu usaemfu h [ kd m;w,f? Adv k rf ;ª uvJ a[haumifrsK;d ode;f æ rif;zsm;aewmeJ‹yJ usew f o hJ l awG rif;vdkaeapcsifvdk‹ b,f&rvJuGvdk‹a[mufw,f? usaemf axmif;ceJa'goawG ydkydkaygufuGJxGuf vmw,f? olw‹kd uquf+yD; pm;=uaomuf=u u=ucke=f ueJ‹ usaemfu h &kd efpaeovdyk /J em;uvJ b,fvrkd S rcHEdkifatmifjzpfvmawmhæ” rsKd;odef;u pum;pudkjzwfvdkuf&if; usaemfwdk‹rsufESmvSrf;=unfhw,f? “'gavmufawmif&SdwJhvlawGæ 'gavmufawmif awmif;yefwm em;rvnfwJhaumifawG qdk+yD;/ vSJ+yD;rSdef;ae&mux+yD;/ tem;u udk,fhaoewfudk,fqGJ+yD; tJ'Drl;+yD;uaewJh 'k&if;rª;uae &,farm uckefae=uwJh vlawGtm;vHk;udk usnfwabmufvHk;ukefatmif qGJypfcsvdkufw,f? Akdvfrª;vJ yGJcsif;+yD; æ ESpfa,mufoHk;a,mufvJ twHk;t±kef; æ usefwJholawGvJ 0±kef;okef;um;jzpf+yD; yGJjywfoGm;wmyJ? usaemfvJ0dkif;tcsKyfcHvdkuf&+yD; owdvpfoGm;w,f/ Adkvfrª;vJao &JabmfESpfa,mufvJao/ wa,muf '%f&m&æ aemufqHk;ppfcHk±Hk;rSm? a&S‹wef;jyefqdkwm&,f iSufzsm;t}uD;tus,fwufae qdkwm&,fudk axmuf+yD; (10)ESpfavmufyJ oufoufn‡mn‡mcsrvdk‹wJhAsæ'gayrJhæ” rsKd;odef;u ol‹&J‹jymvtJhtJh pl;&S&StoHeJ‹ qufwdkuf}uD; pdwfygvufygajymae&mu wHawG;udk rsKd cs&if; c%em;vdkufjyefw,f? “æ pD&ifcsufcscgeD;rSm aooGm;wJhAdkvfrª;uawmfu b,fvdkxidkvdkufovJqdkawmh/“trav; udu k &kd ‹J / &efoel ‹J wu kd &f wmawmif usnw f p&Syrf xdc&hJ yJæ ud, k ahf tmufuvlu ypfowfwmusrS tjzpf qdk;&yavw,fæ”vdk‹ atmfæatmfidkvdkufa&mæ'dkif;ceJ woufwu|ef;jzpfoGm;wmygyJ? usaemfu 14

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wdkufwef;pD; tJ'v D æ kd ” aumif;cef;a&mufcge;D y&dowf}u;D rSiw f ufrad ewmvSr;f =unfv h u kd w f hJ jyZmwfrif;om; wa,muf&@J [efrsKd;eJ‹ usaemfwdk‹qDvSrf;=unfhjyefw,f? usaemfwdk‹+idrfem;axmifaewmudk tm;&oGm;+yD;æ “usaemfu tJ'v D akd umifrsK;d As/ usaemfph w d "f mwfu b,fawmhriS ‹kH rcHwwfb;l ? 'ga=umifh usaemfvJ cifAsm;vdk r[kwfrcH/ r[kwfrcH/ trSefw&m;udkóudufwJhvlygvdk‹ajymwmæ” rsKd;odef;u wu,fhatmifyGJcH ppfol}uD;wa,muf&J‹[ef/ *k%fa&mifajymifcJhol}uD; wa,muf&J‹ rmefrsKd;eJ‹ tqHk;owfvdkufw,f? ol‹&J‹oHjympl;pl;[m ydk+yD;oHpOfjrifhaecJhw,f? usaemfu ol‹rsufESmudk=unfh+yD; wwd,r`d ðyH;vdkufrdw,f? “b,fhES,fwkef;Asæ cifAsm;u uAsmq&m pma&;q&mqdkawmhæ” “ 'Dr,fudkrsKd;odef;/ cifAsm;eJ‹usaemfeJ‹ rwlbl;avæ” “Asmæ” olu usaemfhudk em;rvnfovdk vSrf;=unfhw,f? “usaemfu *±krpdkuf yrmrxm;vkyfwmrcHEdkifvGef;vdk‹ vlawmifowfvmcJhwJhaumif/ zdESdyfwm udk qef‹usifjyvmwJhaumif/ cifAsm;wdk‹vdkyJ zdESyfr_udkvufawG‹eJ‹ jyefwHk‹jyefjyvmcJhwJhaumifyJæ” em;rvnfovdk vSrf;=unfhae&mu apm'upum;udkqdkvmw,f? “'Dr,fudkrsKd;odef;/ cifAsm;u trSefw&m;udk óudufwmvJr[kwfbl;? r[kwfrcHqdkwmvJr[kwf bl;? wu,fu olrsm;u cifAsm;tay:vkyfwmudkom rcHEdkifwJhol/ cifAsm;tay: r[kwfwmvkyfwmudk om rcHEdkifwJhol? udk,fcH&wmudk jyefwHk‹jyef0Hh±HkeJ‹ trSefw&m;bufuvlvdk‹ tvdkavsmuf t"dy`m,f rxGufbl; æ” rsKd;odef;u usaemfhudk em;rvnfEdkifovdk xyf=unfhaew,f? “æ zdEydS rf u _ kd wu,frek ;f wJv h [ l m/ zdEydS w f mudk wu,fróuu d w f v hJ [ l m olu, kd w f ikd v f J b,fawmhrS rzdESdyfbl;? zdEdSyfwJhae&mvJ b,fawmhrSraebl;? bmta=umif;a=umifhrS raebl;” rsK;d ode;f u oHwikd u f v kd ufwzufe‹J uikd +f yD; pum;ajymoHuekd m;axmifae&muae rsuEf mS udk wjznf; jznf;eJ‹v$Jvdkufw,f? +yD;awmh ol‹ajcaxmufqDol=unfh&if; +idrfoufaew,f? “udrk sK;d ode;f æ bmudp&P v dS rJ odb;l / cifAsm;udk q&m}u;D ar;aew,fæ” xrif;xd;k xGe;f qdik 0f ifvm+y;D ta=umif;=um;vdkufcsdefrSmawmh rsKd;odef;[mcsmceJ vSnfhxGufoGm;w,f? usaemfajymwmudk olem;vnfovm;/ em;rvnfb;l vm;qdw k m usaemfrod? olb,fvkd oabm ayguf cH,loGm;r,fqdkwmvJ usaemfrod? q,fih g;rdepfavmuf t=umrSmawmh “yHpk x H ikd x f m; æ”qdw k hJ rsK;d ode;f &J‹ oHjympl;pl;udk (4)wdu k b f uf qDuaexGuaf y:vmwm oJo h =hJ um;vdu k &f ygawmhw,f? eJeaJ 0;vd‹k vSr;f vd‹k yv J m; bmvm;awmh rajym wwfyg? ol‹toH[m cgwikd ;f cgavmuf rpl;&Svv S ‹kd awmh pdwu f xifaerdygw,f? [kwrf [kwaf wmh tcdik f trmrajymEdkif? wdkufxJqD aEGav±l;wcsuf ajy;0ifvmw,f? tyl&Sdef tylaiG‹awGeJ@ wvSyfvSyf?Ò

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (2)

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a&$aq;vdyf aiGaq;vdyf

a&$ aq;vdyf aiG aq;vdyf 0if;wifx h eG ;f (1) urBmhaiGa=u;e,fy,frSmawmh aygifpwmvifudk tajccHwJhe,fy,f/ a':vmudk tajccHxm;wJh e,fy,fqdk+yD; trsKd;rsKd;tzHkzHk &Sdygvdrfhr,f? usaemfwkd@Armjynfawmif aygifpwmvife,fxJygae&mu Adkvfae0if;vufxuf Adkvfae0if;pdwfqdk;rmefqdk;eJ‹xGufcJhrS aygifpwmvife,feJ‹ a0;oGm;cJh&awmhw,f qdyk ?J aiGa=u;qdw k m toH;k cH,el pfwcktjzpfe‹J ukeyf pPn;f zvS,rf q _ ikd &f m =um;cHwefz;kd ypPn;f wcktjzpfe‹J ay:vmcJw h myg? aiGa=u;qdw k m ay:vm+yD;wJah emuf a&$uakd usmaxmufaemufcðH yxm;wJph epfw‹kd / aygif pwmvif 'grSr[kwf a':vmudk ausmaxmufaemufcHðyxm;wJhpepfwdk@qdkwmawGvJ &Sdygao;w,f? e&odeu f rBmrSmawmh aiGa=u;pepf[maq;vdy?f aq;vdy[ f maiG/ aq;vdy[ f m a&$? 'gayrJh waxmif eJ‹ waxmif tajccHaiGa=u;pH aq;vdyfcsif;uawmh rwljyef? tif;pdeaf xmif}uD;rSmu oeyfyifrusiv f &S @J EGm;aq;vdyef ‹J usm;roef;aX;&J‹ usm;tao;aq;vdyf u tajccHaiGa=u;? 'l;,m;pD;u&ufuawmh a&$aygh? om,m0wDaxmifusawmh =u,fig;yGifhrcifndK aq;vdyf[m trsm;oHk;aiG? jynfaxmifrSmus ‘usm;ysH’eJ‹ ‘e0if;a':odef;wif’aq;vdyfwdk‹[m trsm; óudufaiG? axmifxrJ mS aiGuw kd &m;0ifuikd +f yD;oH;k pGcJ iG rhf &Sw d t hJ wGuf tusO;f om;awG[m aq;vdyu f akd iGtjzpf oabmxm;+yD; oHk;pGJae=u&wmyg? 'ga=umifh axmifxJrSmaq;vdyf&Sd&if aiGa=u;&SdaebdouJhodk‹ygyJ? tif;pdeaf xmifaiGa=u;aps;uGu&f @J w&m;0ifaiGa=u;vJv, S Ef e_ ;f uawmh EGm;wvdyf usm;av;ESpv f yd ?f 'ga=umifh axmif0ifpmvufc&H &So d w l ikd ;f / ±H;k xGut f jzpf w&m;±H;k oGm;+yD; tr_&ifqikd &f ol tusO;f om; wdkif;[m aq;vdyfxkyfudkrygygatmif rSm=u ,lcJh=uavh&Sdw,f? tif;pdef e&odefurBma&muf tusOf; om;rsm;uawmh xH;k pHtwdik ;f EGm;eJ‹usm;ayg?h wjcm;wHqyd af q;vdyo f ,fvmrdv‹kd uawmh aiGa=u;aps; uGufrSm vJvS,f&wm wefzdk;owfrSwf&wmtcuf? ArmjynfxJ usL;bm;aiGpuULudkifxm;rdovdk jzpf oGm;Edik w f ,f? 'l;,m;bl;pdr;f av;rsm; rygygatmifqv JG mEdik cf v hJ ‹dk uawmh tif;pdeef &odeu f rBmrSm‘a&$’ayg?h wm0ef&dS q&m}uD;q&mav;qdo k al wGukd a&$ay;xm;vku d &f if rsuEf mS aumif;udk &vd‹k w?hJ taqmifa&muf tusO;f om;qdv k #if æ “cyf æ wcGu”f “cyf æ wcGu”f eJ‹ b,fawmhr(S 9)cGuaf vmufxuf ydrk csK;d &Edik w f hJ a&csK;d csjcif;tr_rmS / ‘a&uefbm,m’qdo k u l kd wva&$EpS b f ;l avmuf 'grrS [kwf rusiv f ES mG ;(50)avmuf ay;xm; vdik ;f 0ifxm;Edik v f ‹kd uawmh pdwóf uduo f abm&Sd a&csK;d cGi&hf owJ?h +yD;awmh ae‹vnfae‹cif; acs;yg ao;ayguðf yrvm;/ *keef t D w d pf w k af v; jzpfuwwfqef;umay;xm;wJh bk&m;pl;rd;k óud;ypf tdro f mqdw k m rSm rdvm† bkwu f ikd q f o kd u l kd usm;av;roef;aX; (2)vdyrf ay;vd‹k uawmh tdro f mwufcray;vd‹k uawmh 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; 'kuQvSvS awG‹oGm;Edkifw,f? “a[h æ ray;Edkifbl;”qdk&if/ “&w,f æ udk,fhacs; udk,fusKH;oGm;”vdk‹ bkwu f ikd u f t=uyfuikd yf nmjyygvrd rhf ,f? axmifxrJ mS qdik &f mydik &f m e,fpm;y,fpm;awGu trsm;om;? taqmifa&mufv‹kd “csu[ f if;”av;rsm; pm;csiaf o;ovm;? yHpk x H rif;[if;eJ‹ pm;r0if rsKrd usjzpfv#iæ f / zd}k uD;xJuwm0ef&o dS u l v kd ikd ;f 0ifxm;+y;D wvEGm;aq;vdyw f &may;xm;&if/ naewdik ;f wa,mufpm[if; wcGuw f cGuf ‘csKid q hf ’JG vpm;oabm vmyd‹k ay;ygvrd rhf ,f? EGm;w&mu 'Davmuftxd t&Sed =f oZm}uD; owJ?h wywfrmS wcg/ wcgrw S eyfwnf;pm;&wJh “tom;pm;ae‹” yHpk [ H if;wwH;k pm;csiyf gvsuf }udwrf w dS f tiwfcH+yD;jyefa&mif;&if bmtom;[if;yHkpHwHk;jzpfjzpf wwHk;EGm;(5)vdyfyJ &Edkifw,f?

(2) usaemfwdk‹wawG EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGtjzpf ‘wdkuf’xJa&muf&awmh b,folrS axmif0ifpm ygq,fr&ao;? b,fol‹udkrSvJ ±Hk;wifw&m;pGJqdkjcif;rðyao;csdef æ (5)wkdufxJxm;olwcsKd‹udk (2)wdkufxJa&$‹vdkuf=ujyefw,f? usaemf(2)wdkufxJa&mufoGm;w,f?

(2)wkduf[m óud;wdkuf?

(5)wdu k [ f m wzuf&yfwu kd jf zpf+yD; (2)wdu k u f sawmh/ taqmuftOD;}uD;wckwnf;twGi;f rSm rsuf ESmcsi;f qdik f wdu k cf ef;av;awG wnf&adS ewJw h u kd ?f tv,frmS u vlomG ;orHwvif; uGuv f yfjyifu us,f us,f? wjcm;wdkufawGvdk wzuf&yfr[kwfwJhtwGuf (2)wdkufudk ‘&ifuGJwdkuf’vdk‹vJac:=uw,f? ud, k w hf u kd cf ef;uae a&S‹wnfw h nfu h wku d cf ef;udv k rS ;f jrifae&ayrJh ESpcf ef;xufawmh ydrk jrif? [db k uf eJ‹ onfbuf oHwdkifwHcg;r}uD;azmufwyfxm;yHku ZpfZufyHko¿mef? tJ'Dwkef;u(2)wdkuf[m óud;'%fuscHxm;&olóud;orm;awGvJ&SdwJh wu,fhóud;wdkuf? ao'%fcs rSwfjcif;cHxm;&ol óud;orm;awGvJ&SdwJh wu,fh óud;wdkuf? ao'%fcsrSwfjcif;cHxm;&ol óud;orm;u awmh ESpfOD;yJ&Sdygao;w,f? wOD;uvlowfr_/ wOD;uawmh "m;jyvlowfr_? usaemfjrif&wJh usaemfah &SŒwnfw h nft h cef;(2)ckuawmh udak &$ref;wd‹k tcef;eJ‹ a0guw kd ifa&$w‹kd tcef;/ udka&$ref;tcef;u udka&$ref;eJ‹tjcm;olwOD;&Sdovdk/ a0gudkwifa&$}uD;tcef;uvJ udkwifa&$}uD;eJ‹ udkcspf aqmifOD;wdk‹ESpfOD;? (udkwifa&$}uD;um; &Spfav;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkaemufydkif; NLD (teft,fvf'D) a0g v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,/f usaemfw‹kd e‹J ae&pOf 1982 umvwke;f uawmh/ 10(u) Edik if aH &;tusO;f orm;)? usaemfu h akd wmh pD;yGm;a&;r_e‹J axmufvrS ;f a&;uzrf;xm;wJh yk*Kd~ vfEpS Of ;D eJ‹twlxm;w,f? wOD;u OD;=uifarmif/ wOD;u OD;pd;k jrifw h ?hJ tr_u u|e;f opftr_? ESpOf ;D pvH;k [m w&Gmwnf;om;? OD;=uifarmife‹J OD;pd;k jrifu h olw‹kd tr_[m bmrSr[kw/f usaemfv h Ekd ikd if aH &;r_r[kww f t hJ wGuf r=umcifjyefvw $ rf mS aocsm w,fvdk‹ r=umr=um ajymavh&Sdw,f? olw‹kd EpS af ,mufpvH;k u aq;vdyu f kd taoóudu?f cufwmu axmif0ifpmuvJ wa,mufrrS &S?d aq;vdyf[m 'DxJrSm wu,fhaiG wu,fha&$? tjyifrSmwkef;u aq;vdyfudkeJeJyg;yg; aomufcJhao;ayrJh 'DxJvdkae&ma&mufawmh usaemfuaq;vdyfudkraomufbJaevdk‹ vG,fvG,fulul&Edkifw,f? olwdk‹rSm uawmh wu,fhudk'kuQ? aq;vdyfraomuf&&if raeEdkif?

(5)wdkufxJwkef;uvJ aq;vdyf óudufolawG&J‹'kuQudk usaemf}udrfzefrsm;pGm awG‹zl; ñuHzl; =um;zl; 18

0if;wifhxGef;

a&$aq;vdyf aiGaq;vdyf rsm;vS+yD? (5)wdkuf&J‹ae‹vnfae‹cif;awGrSmæ “armfxl; tdk[m” “wtdk;ygæ”qdkwJh apmabme,feJ‹apmfap;xl;wdk‹&J‹ tjyeftvSefvSrf;qufoG,fajymqdkoHawG r=umr=um=um;&w,f? apmabme,feJ‹apmap;xl;wdk‹u autJif,lu u&if&Jabmfav;ESpfa,muf? tpuawmh 'Du&if&Jabmfav;ESpfa,muf u&ifpum;eJ‹bmawGajymqdkae=uovJqdkwm usaemfem; rvnf? aemufydkif; rdwfaqGwOD;uajymjyrS “armfxl; tdk[mæ”qdkwm aq;vdyf&Sdvm;vdk‹ vSrf;ar;oH jzpf+yD; “wtdk;ygæ”qdkwm “r&Sdbl;”vdk‹vSrf;ajzoHrSef; usaemfodvm&ygawmhw,f? armfxl;tdk[meJ‹ wtdk;ygæ (5)wdkufxJrSm r=umr=um=um;cJh&wJh toHESpfckjzpfcJhw,f? usaemf&h ‹J csprf w d af qG ud'k goausmx f ;l }uD;uawmh wae‹/ xwJ+h yD; “&Jabmfw‹dk &Jabmfw‹kd æ wqdwf em;qifygcifAsm”wJh? bmrsm;ygvdrfhr,fvdk‹ aoaocsmcsm em;pGifhvdkuf=ucsdefrSmæ“usaemfhrSm tr wa,muf&ydS gw,f/ ±ky&f nfvnf; rqd;k ygb;l / pdwaf epdwx f m;vJ oifyh gw,f/ tJ'gæ a,mufzawmfcsiw f hJ olrsm;&Sd&if æ usaemfhtrudk aq;vdyfESpfq,feJ‹a&mif;r,f/ aq;vdyfay;=uygAsKd‹ æ” wJh? tm;vHk; ðyH;rdcJh=uygw,f? pdwfraumif;pGmeJ‹ ðyH;rdcJhwmyg? olu tJ'Dvdktwnfayguf[movkyf avvHwif±Hkru/ oleJ‹&if;ESD;wJh usaemfhudkvJ ol‹&J‹aq;vdyf aomuf&a&;pDrcH su}f u;D xJrmS =uzH efacsmufcs toH;k csomG ;cJyh gao;w,f? wnæ tdycf sed v f J ra&mufao; tdyv f rJ tdyEf ikd af o;wJh nwnrSm/ oHwikd af &S‹rsuEf mS tyf+yD; aumif;uifwcdq k D vSr;f ar#maf i;ilaerdwek ;f napmif0h g'gtopfwOD; usaemft h cef;a&S‹a&mufvmw,f? 0g'gtopfuav;u toufawmif ESpq f ,f ausmaf o;[efrwlyg/ 0g'gyg;vJ 0ao;[efrwlyg? olu usaemft h cef;a&S‹a&muf+yD;rS ajcoH;k av;vSr;f qkwf +y;D wdu k ±f ;kH cef;bufuvmEdik w f hJ wckwnf;aomt0ifwcH g;aygu0f qD vSr;f =unfv h u kd yf gao;w,f? aocsm oGm;yH&k rS b,forl S 'DbufvmEdik zf , G &f mr&Sad wmhv‹kd pdwcf somG ;[ef&rdS S ol‹abmif;bDtw d x f u J ae wpHk wckudk qGJxkwfvdkufygw,f? aq;vdyfav; av;ig;ajcmufvdyf? usaemfu tHh=oaerdw,f? “cifAsm;u aA'ifvuQ%mynm awmfawmf wwfw,fv‹kd [d;k æ bufu udak usmx f ;l u ajymvdu k f w,f? tJ'g usaemfh=unfhay;prf;ygAsmæ”wJh? tif; æ ud'k gouawmh vkyv f u kd jf yef+yD? ol‹t}uHtzefZmwfvrf;xJ igu h rkd ygygatmif qGo J iG ;f vdu k f +yDvdk‹ 'ufceJodvdkuf&if;/ ol‹&J‹aq;vdyfaomufcsifvGef;r_}uD;udk pmemem;vnfrd&if;/ aygufwJhezl; rxl; awmhygb;l qdw k phJ Of;pm;r_rsK;d eJ‹ usaemfrh mS cyfwnfwnfaA'ifvuQ%mq&m vky&f ygawmhw,f? awmfyg ao;&JŒ/ r[mbkwfA[kokwav;eJ‹ udkif±dk A[kokwav; &Sdxm;ayvdk‹om? Edk‹r[kwf rvG,f? em&D0uf avmuf =uHzefa[mvdkuf&w,f? aemufae‹reuf 0g'gawG reufqikd ;f nqdik ;f vJomG ;+yD;csed af vmufrmS awmh “uAsmq&ma&æ uAsm q&m&J‹/ rae‹nu usKyfzefvu kd w f t hJ uGu0f if&‹J vm;”vd‹k atmfar;w,f? “cifAsm; awmfawmf jy\em &SmwJhvl”vdk‹ atmfajzawmh olu w[m;[m;&,faew,f? +yD;awmh “aqm&D;yJ uAsmq&ma&æ rwwfEikd b f ;l / cifAsm; t&nftcsi;f udk ,H+k yD;om;/ tJ'g aq;vdy&f &if *efzvm;csrmS usaemfu h akd y; æ”wJ?h tck 'D&ifuGJwdkufxJa&mufvmawmh udk'goxufqdk;wJh vl}uD;ESpfa,mufeJ‹ vmawG‹ae&jyef+yD? 0if;wifhxGef;

19

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; “udk=uifarmifæ cifAsm; &Sefapmifav;a&mif;Asm” w&uf æOD;pd;k jrifu h rsuaf rSmif}uD;udw k eG ‹f xm;&mu tqdðk ycsuw f ifoH av;av;eufeuf xGuv f m w,f? oHwdkifem;rsufESmuyf+yD; awmifawmiftDtDvSrf;=unfhaewJh OD;=uifarmif&J‹cE<mudk,f}uD; wGef‹ceJ jzpfoGm;w,f? “udkpdk;jrifh&m 'gav;awmh ra&mif;yg&apeJ‹Asm/ rdef;rudk,fwdkif aoaocsmcsm&uf+yD; trSwfw& xm;wmav;rdk‹ygæ”wJh? “trav; æ cifAsm;uvJ bmta&;}uD;vJ/ tdrfaxmifoufawmif ESpftpdwfausmf+yDyJ[mæ” “r[kwfbl; udkpdk;jrifh&J‹/ 'Dapmifav;u tdrfaxmifOD;ypPnf;As/ tdrfrSm {nfhonfapmifonfvm&if awmif 'Dapmifawmh xkwfray;cJhbl;As/ 'ga=umifhvJ ckxdtopftwdkif;yJ ta&mifawmifrnd‡K;bl;? ckrSæ axmufvSrf;a&;awGvmqGJrS 'Dapmifav;udk rdef;ru wrifrSwfrSwfom;om;xnfhay;vdkufwm æ” “cifAsm;Asmæ=uHzef ESarsmaew,f/ usKyfrmS ygvmwJh wufx&Guw f u dk yf akH wmif xkwv f +J yD;+yD? tJ'g yGaJ eyGx J ikd 0f wfz‹kd usKyfred ;f ru aocsmwdik ;f csKyfay;xm;wm? tJ'gvJ 'DxrJ mS EGm;w&myJ&w,f? 'gawmif tjynfhr&ygbl;/ xrif;xdk;"m;jyu a&mif;ay;c yGJcq,fvdyfjzwfoGm;w,f/ tJ'gvJ cifAsm;todyJæ usKyfwdk‹ESpfa,muf twlwlaomufcJh =uwmyJ? 'Dwcgawmh cifAsm;a&mif;zdk‹oifhwmaygh” OD;=uifarmifrsufESm}uD;rSm òydawmhr,fhrdk;ES,f jzpfvmw,f? usaemfu zsmpkwfav;ay:rSmvSJ&if; olwdk‹ESpfa,mufrsufESmawGudk ai;arm=unfhaerdw,f? c%=umawmhæ “usaemfh ykqdk;av;a&mif;vdkufr,fAsm/ apmifav;awmh rvkyfygeJ‹/ ykqdk;uvJ rSwfrSwf&& oHk;cgyJ 0wfzl;ao;wmyg/ 'DxJrSm wcgrSawmifr0wfzl;bl; æ” OD;=uifarmifu avajyxd;k &Smw,f? rsuEf mS ay:rSmawmh t}uD;tus,f pdwrf aumif;jzpfae[ef[m rzHk;EdkifrzdEdkif txif;om;ay:vdk‹? +yD;cJhwJhESpf&ufuvJ tckvdkt}uD;tus,f rsufESm}uD;tdkpmoGm;+yD; wae‹v;kH oufjyif;awG wzGzjG zpfaewm usaemfjyefowd&rdw,f? tJ'aD e‹u rsuEf mS xm;twnfayguef ‹J cyfaemufaemuf cyfajcmufajcmufajymwwfwJh ESpf&pf0g'gt=uyfwa,muf usaemfwdk‹tcef;a&S‹ &yfvmw,f?

OD;=uifarmif}uD;u rsuEf mS csi;f qdik t f cef;u udjk rifv h rS ;f ypfay;vmvd‹k &vmwJh aq;vdyw f akd v; vuf uudkif+yD; rD;av;wwdk‹avmuf&Edkifzdk‹ pum;p&Smajym&if; aq;vdyfrD;awmif;w,f? “usaemfw‹kd EpS af ,mufu opfry_ g/ ol‹vkd Edik if aH &;r[kwyf gb;l / Edik if aH &;orm;vJ r[kwyf gb;l / tr_u vJ }uD;}uD;us,fus,fr[kwfyg q&m&,f æ” usaemfhudkvuf!d‡K;xdk;jy&if; avat;at;av;eJ‹ tzGifh pum;csDawmhæ “cifAsm;wdk‹u u|ef;r_r[kwfvm;”vdk‹ 0g'gt=uyfujyefar;w,f? OD;=uifarmifuðyH;vdkuf+yD; æ “[kwfygw,f/ u|ef;qdkayrJh a&arsmurf;wifu|ef;yg?” “trav; a&arsmurf;wifjzpfjzpf bmjzpfjzpf u|e;f [m u|e;f ayg?h Edik if aH &;r_urS vGw+f idr;f csr;f om cGifhtrdef‹awGbmawG xGufvm&if 'dkif;ceJt&ifvGwfoGm;Edkifw,f/ u|ef;uawmhæ” OD;=uifarmif}uD;rSm rsufvHk;av;ayuvyfayuvyf jzpfvmw,f?

20

0if;wifhxGef;

a&$aq;vdyf aiGaq;vdyf “æu|ef;qdkwmæ t*Fvdyfacwfuqdk&ifæ oGm;=um;xdk; em;yef;yefawmifr&bl; ao'%fyJ/ tif rweftr_}uD;wmæ”vd‹k jzJajcmufomG ;&if; rD;jcpfav;wjcpfjcpf+yD; rD;n‡ad y;oGm;cJw h ,f? OD;=uifarmif}uD; aq;vdyw f akd v;awmif aumif;aumif;raomufEikd &f mS cJ?h wae‹v;kH rsuEf mS }uD;ndKaecJyh rkH mS ckvykd t kH wdik ;f wax&mwnf;? usaemfhrSm ðyH;& tcuf &D&tcuf/ &DvJ r&D&ufjyef?

(3) uae‹awmh reuftapm}uD;uwnf;u/ aq;vdyfppfqifa&;}uD;udk tjyif;xefqHk;qifE$Jzdk‹ tpp t&m&m jyifqifnd‡E_dif;a&;qGJxm;=u+yD;+yD? 'Daq;vdyfppfqifa&;rsKd;u cgwdkif;vJ yHkrSefvdkvdkqifE$Jae=u? t&ifwkef;uawmh or±dk;ustqifheJ‹ qifE$J+yD; uae‹awmh jyif;jyif;xefxefqifE$Jzdk‹txd &nfpl;jyifqifxm;wmjzpfygw,f? reuf*efzvm;csrmS usaemfwa,mufwnf;u aomufa&td;k a&jznfah &;a&m ao;*efzvm;csa&; udkyg wm0ef,l&r,f? OD;pdk;jrifhu acs;*Hzvm;udkcs+yD; tcsdefudkwwfEdkifor#qGJ&if; tqltaiguf cHwef cH&ygr,f? t&yftarmif;axmifaxmife‹J tajy;tv$m;vJjrefvw S hJ OD;=uifarmif}uD;u óud;orm;ESpOf ;D &J‹ ae&mw0dkufu óud;orm;eJ‹óud;apmifh0g'gawGypfcsxm;wJhaq;vdyfwdkawGudk wwfEdkifor# rsufpd&Sif&Sif vsifvsifoGufoGufeJ‹ r&&atmifaumuf,l&r,f? udk,fht&if*efzvm;csoGm;wJholawGxJuvJ Áa¹EN rysuaf umuf,o l mG ;=uOD;rSmjzpfwt hJ wGuf rsm;rsm;awmhr&Edik rf mS aocsmw,f? r&&if óud;orm;qDu jzpfjzpf wwdk&& awmif;jzpfatmif awmif;vmzdk‹? wcef;+yD;wcef; *Hzvm;csziG ahf e+yD? wcgziG hf a&S‹bufwcef;/ aemufbuf wcef;E_e;f ? OD;=uifarmif}uD; u vnfyif;w&Snf&Snf? usaemfwdk‹oHk;OD;om; ykqdk;udkwdkwdk0wfxm;=u±Hkru ao;*efzvm;eJ‹ acs;*ef zvm;udkvJ toifhjyifxm;+yD;+yD? “xGu”f qdw k hJ toHe‹J twl oHwcH g;r˜*vef‹w}H uD;qGzJ iG v hf u kd w f meJ‹ usaemfuaomufa&td;k udq k +JG yD; ajy;&w,f? wdu k }f uD;&J‹tjyifbufrmS ao;twGuo f eG zf ‹kd pnfyikd ;f jywfwvH;k / acs;twGuu f wvH;k / teD; rSmaq;zd‹k a&pOft h ;kd }u;D wvH;k ? cyfvrS ;f vSr;f uae&mrSm aomufa&ajy;jznfah ewke;f OD;pd;k jrif}h u;D u wkew f ek f wkefwkefeJ‹ acs;*efzvm;udk jznf;jznf;csif; oGefaew,f?

OD;=uifarmif}u;D uawmh av&J‹t[kerf sK;d eJ‹ óu;d orm;tcef;a&S‹u óu;d apmif0h g'gawG vJavsmif;apmifh vif&h m oHcw k ifav;ESpv f ;kH ab; tajy;tv$m;vSnyhf wf+yD; aq;vdyw f akd wG&mS azGaew,f? usaemf ao; *efzvm;}u;D o,fvmcsed rf mS awmh OD;=uifarmif}u;D [m av;buf}u;D axmuf+y;D oHcw k ifatmuf tv,f avmufqDu aq;vdyfwdkwwdkudk t&JpGef‹aumufaeyHk&w,f? *efzvm;cs wm0efus}uD;=uyfol 0g'gu om;a&cg;ywfw&rf;&rf;eJ‹ OD;pdk;jrifh}uD;udk *efzvm;jrefjrefaq;zdk‹ ajymaew,f? toHu cyfxefxef?

0g'gwa,mufuawmh wdkufwGif;qDvSrf;=unfh&if; “[dk tbdk;}uD;u bmvkyfaewmwkef;”vdk‹ OD;=uif armifudkvSrf;aigufw,f? oHk;a,mufvHk; tcef;jyefa&muf=u+yD; usaemfwdk‹wHcg;}uD;udk *sKdif;ceJ ydwf+yD; csed rf mS awmh zsmpkwaf v;udu k ref;uwef;umay;vdu k &f w,f? wcef;csi;f *efzvm;cscsed rf mS “zsm axmif/ aemufvSnfh wef;pDxm;” qdkwm[m axmifwGif;wdkufOya'owck jzpfygw,f? OD;=uifarmifu 0if;wifhxGef;

21

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; armarmeJ‹xdkifcsvdkuf+yD; ol‹ykqdk;cg;ydkufaxmifav;udk *±kwpdkufjznfcsvdkufygw,f? oHk;vufravmuf&Snfr,fh xdyfzsm;rD;wydkif;u|rf; aq;vdyfwdkav;u wvdyf/ ESpfvufravmuf&Sd r,fh aq;vdyfwdkav;u oHk;vdyf? 'gav;awGtm;vHk;[m uae‹ppfqifa&;}uD;wckvHk;&J‹ &v'f? “'gyJ &w,fAsm²²² 'Dt&Snaf v;u zifusyaf evd‹k aomufraumif;vd‹k ypfxm;wmyJvm;/ rD;ul;rnD vdk‹ ypfxm;wmyJvm; rodbl;/ ckwifatmuftxd av;bufaxmufaumuf,l&w,f? armifrif;}uD; om;wdk‹uawmh óud;apmifh0g'gawGqdkawmh aomufraumif; v$ifhypfvdkufrSmyJ/ tvSnfhus wnvHk; óud;orm;udk xdkifapmifh=unfhae&wmqdkawmh ukwifav;ay:vSJ&if; wvdyf+yD;wvdyfaerSmaygh/ olwdk‹ aomufraumif;vd‹k rsm;rsm;v$iyhf pfav²²² &Sn&f n S &f avayg”h OD;=uifarmif}uD;uajym&if; ezl;jyifay:u ac|;pawGudk ykqdk;eJ‹okwfypfae&Smw,f? *efzvm;cscsed +f yD;oGm;wJah emufrmS awmh ol‹&ŒJ tjrwfE;kd qH;k &Seaf pmifav;udk acgi;f tH;k vkyx f m;&mu ae pepfwus acgucf sK;d jzef‹cif;vdu k w f ,f? aq;vdyw f akd v;oH;k ckukd apmifay:wif/ wckcsi;f wHqyd yf wfcmG / +yD;awmh oeyfzufwakd v;yg rusK;d ryJ&h atmif ,k,, k ,cGmcsvu kd w f t hJ cg rD;wydik ;f u|r;f aq;±d;k aq;pyf r_efav;awG xGufusvmw,f? twdkqHk;aq;vdyfwdkav; oHk;ckaygif;ygrS aq;±dk;aq;pyfr_efav;awGu qD;jzLoD;}uD;}uD;wpfvHk;pmxuf rydkEdkif?

OD;pd;k jrifu h oeyfzufpav;aumuf,+l yD; aomufa&cGuef ‹J a&pdrEf LS ;wmvkyw f ,f? aemufæ apmif ay:u rD;oifhaq;pyfr_efav;awGeJeJcsif;,l+yD; oeyfzufpav;eJ‹ AD'Daq;vdyfao;ao;av;jzpfatmif vdyfw,f? AD'Dvdyfav;awmif &wmrSESpfvdyfxJ? wa,mufwvdyfpD? eJe&J n S w f ahJ q;vdyw f akd v;udak wmh 'Dtwdik ;f yJ ESpOf ;D cGaJ omufz‹kd jyifqif=u+y;D / rD;av;wwd‹k &zd‹k ar#m=f u jyefw,f? 0g'gwa,muf zdeyfcmG oHwazsmufazsmufjzwftvm OD;=uifarmifu ar#mv f ifjh cif; rsupf ad wGe‹J vSr;f =unfw h ,f? ac:vdu k rf ,f[efjyif+yD;rS ol‹yg;pyfukd uref;uwef; ydwv f u kd w f ,f? usaemfygapmif;+yD; olwdk‹eJ‹twl=unfhvdkufawmh 0g'gatmifoef;? t&ifwcg “rD;av;wwdk‹avmufq&m”vdk‹ OD;=uifarmifuajymrdawmh “rD;awmhr&Sdbl;/ -D; yJ &Sd w,f” vd‹k ajymwJt h aumif? awmfawmfq;kd wJt h aumif? 'ga=umifh rawmif;&J? tajctaeaumif;Edik rf ,fh 0g'gudk pdwf&Snf&Snf qufapmihfae&Smw,f? em&D0ufavmuft=um 0g'gt}kd uD;wa,mufvmrS rD;udpP atmifjrifpmG ndc‡ iG &hf awmhw,f? OD;pd;k jrifh rsufESm}uD;0if;xdefoGm;vdkufyHkrsm; r_dusif;}uD;udkcvkwfwdkufrdvdkufwJh r_d&SmolvdkrsKd;? “udk=uifarmifæwa,mufwvSJ‹æ ESpfzGmpDyJzGma=u;aemfæ” acgif;ndwfjy+yD; OD;pdk;jrifhudk t&ifurf;ay;w,f? bmvdk‹vJqdkawmh 0g'gtdk}uD;qDu aq;vdyfrD;eJ‹ ol‹aq;vdyfwdkrD;!d‡wkef;u rD;awmfawmfeJ‹rpGJEdkifwJh ol‹aq;vdyfwdkudk wcsufESpfcsufzGmvdkuf/ 0g'g}uD; aq;vdyf&Snfbufuae+yD; av;ig;csuftm;&yg;&zGmvdkufeJ‹ rD;!d‡jcif;udpPatmifjrifcsdefrSm OD;=uifarmif }uD;[m 0g'g}uD;&J‹ aq;vdyftaumif;pm;udk awmfawmfzGmvdkuf+yD;om; jzpfae+yD? OD;pdk;jrifhu aq;vdyfwdkudk jznf;jznf;csif; ESpfaxmif;tm;&zGmvdkufw,f? ESpfzGmwdwdzGm+yD; OD;=uif armifqD opPm&Sd&Sdurf;ay;vdkufw,f? OD;=uifarmifu vufuav;eJ‹tkyf+yD; pwifzGm±_dufvdkufcsdefrSm awmhæ 22

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a&$aq;vdyf aiGaq;vdyf “ud=k uifarmifæ cifAsm;[m ±d;k ±d;k zGmAsm/ b,fEh , S æ f bde;f pm;ajymif;qGw J mvdk wtm;}uD;t&Sn}f uD; ±d_ufzGmvdk‹uawmh b,fcHEdkifrvJAsæ” OD;pdk;jrifhu uAsmu&muef‹uGufw,f? usaemfhrSm olwdk‹ESpfOD;udk =unfh&if; a=ua=uuGJuGJyifhoufawGom jzmaerdawmhw,f? a=omæ'Dae&m[m axmifqdkwmyguvm;?

'DaxmifxJrSmjzifh aq;vdyf[ma&$/ aq;vdyf[maiGyguvm;?

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0if;wifhxGef;

23

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (3)

24

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0if;wifhxGef;

cspfvGef;vdk@ a&mufvm&olyg r,drf;vJjzpf/ ol‹udk cspfpEdk;ac:wmvJjzpfatmif ‘apm=uufz}uD;’vdk‹ usaemfwdk‹wawGu ac:=uw,f? usaemfwdk‹awG&J‹ 'efyef;uefav;awGxJa&m ol‹yef;uefav;xJyg a&aEG;=urf;awGudk r#a0xnfh ay;±Hrk u/ apm=uufz}uD;u wavmav;urS ol‹trd u f axmif0ifpmvmxm;vd‹k &xm;wJh axmif0ifpm xkyfao;ao;xJu xef;vsufcJxkyfav;udkvJjznf+yD; wa,mufwvHk;pD a0ay;ao;w,f? apm=uufz}uD;u xef;vsucf aJ v;udk ewfo'k g< r0DS o J vdk rS0D &J if; a&aEG;=urf;yef;uef 'efyef;uefv;Hk rGJnpfnpfudk vufESpfzufeJ‹ *±kwpdkufpHkudkfif&if; wzl;zl;r_wfaewmjrif&awmh/ “udk=uufz}uD; æ cifAsm;a&aEG;=urf;aomufzdk‹ wzl;zl;r_wfaewmuvJ uvJ&Deuf(Clarinet) r_wfwmrsm; owd&aeovm;”vdk‹ usaemfu prdw,f? ud=k uufz}uD;u [ufceJwcsu&f +D yD; “'DrmS avawmif rc|et f m;ygb;l Asm”vd‹k ajym&Smw,f? 'DxrJ mS jzpfovdk aexdik af e&&SmwJh udak pm=uufz}uD;[m wu,fu wu,f*h w D ynm&Sif qdAk , D ufu tEkynm wuUov kd w f ckuae avr_ww f &l , d meJ‹b‹JG awmif&vmcJw h o hJ ?l tckawmh avawmifrc|eEf ikd b f J zdeyfcsKyf pufuikd af e&wJb h 0? autJi, f el ‹J ywfouf+yD; rw&m;oif;tufOya' yk'rf 17(1)(2)eJ‹ axmif '%f(3) ESpf csrSwfcHxm;&ol? “udkpdk;xGwf}uD;uawmh wajz;ajz;eJ‹vGwfzdk‹eD;vm+yDayghaemf æ”vdk‹ AdkvfZifaumhu udkpdk;xGwf }uD;udkar;w,f? “tif; æeD;vm+yD/ vGwf&ifawmh rjzpfjzpfatmif orD;eJ‹ZeD;qD ajy;Edkifatmifóud;pm;&rSmyJ? 'Du aqGrsK;d om;csi;f awGuawmh woufrarhEikd af tmifukd E_wq f ufvu kd =f u+yD;+yDyAJ sm? usaemfuvJ awG‹qkH E_wfqufcJh+yD;+yDyJ” “at;Asm æ cifAsm;tjzpfuvJ æ” “'ga=umifh usaemf c%c%ajymaejzpfwmaygh/ usaemfu usaemfhaqGrsKd;om;csif;awGu cspfvGef; vd‹k axmifusvmcJ&h wmygv‹kd ? olw‹kd uawmh usaemf'v D kd axmifuswmoGm;&&if axmifuvGwv f m&if b,frSoGm;vdk‹&rSm r[kwfawmhbl;vdk‹rsm; wGuf&w,fvdk‹Asm? at;av æ olwdk‹awGcrsmvJ æ” udkpdk;xGwf}uD;u oufjyif;zGzGeJ‹ajym&Smw,f? “cifAsm;ZeD;eJ‹ orD;av;uawmh b,fvdkrsm;xifrvJ rodbl;aemf æ” usaemfu pmempdwfouf oufeJ‹yJ awG;awG;qqajymrdw,f? “usaemf pdwfraumif;bl;Asm/ usaemf ArmjynfbufxGufvmr,fhtcsdef æ olwdk‹om;trd usaemfu h v kd u kd yf ‹kd &if;eJ‹ rif;vdrw f maerSmyg æ rif;jyefvmrSmr[kwaf wmhb;l xifygw,f æ vd‹k rsu&f nf av;w0J0JeJ‹ ajymaewJhyHkudkyJ c%c% owd&aew,fAsm? tckawmh æ olwdk‹qD jyefra&mufvmEdkifyJ 'gavmufawmifumvawG ESpfawGvawG=umae+yDqdkawmh ²²² olwdk‹pdwfxJ usaemfvdrfoGm;wmvdk‹ wxpfcspGJoGm;EdkifwmayghAsm/ usaemfrvdrfygbl;Asm æ jyefudkjyefrSmyg/ olwdk‹om;trdqDa&mufatmif jyefrSmyg/ olwdk‹cjrm usaemfaxmifxJ 'Dvdkb0a&mufaewm b,fvdkvkyfodEdkifyghrvJ æ” udkpdk;xGwftoHay:rSm wu,fhudka=uuGJ&dyfawG pGef;xifqdkif;wGJ‹aecJhw,f?

“AdkvfrSL;atmifuawmh usaemfhudk vGwfapcsifwJhapwemeJ‹ w&m;±Hk;rSmusaemfhbufuae ouf aotjzpf xGufay;&Smygw,f? 'gayrJh r&ygbl;Asm? 17(1)(2)u yk'frwyf+yD;&if teJqHk;=urf;cif;aps; 0if;wifhxGef;

29

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; &Sd+yD;om;yJ?” usaemfwdk‹tm;vHk; oufjyif;ukd,fpD ±_dufrd=uygw,f? “usaemf jyefjzpfatmifujkd yefrmS / rjzpfjzpfwehJ nf;eJ‹ óud;pm;+yD;jyefrmS / usaemfrvdrcf zhJ ;l qdw k m jyudk jy&r,f? +yD;awmh æ 'Dvdkppftm%m&SifawG&J‹ tkyfpdk;r_atmufrSmvJ usaemfraecsifygbl;Asm? usaemf æ [du k kd jyefa&muf&if/ yef;yJqufxrk ,f æud, k yhf ef;yJzrkd mS yef;yJx+k yD; toufarG;&if; wdik ;f jynf&‹J tajc taeudk vSrf;=unfhaer,fAsm æ” cHpm;r_tjynfheJ‹ ajymjyaewJh ol‹pum;oHudk qufvufem;pGifhaerdcJh=uw,f? “cifAsm;wdk‹vJ aemif æ ta=umif;a=umif;eJ‹ xdkif;e,fpyfzufrsm; a&mufvmcJhvdk‹&Sd&if tcsdef ra&G; usaemfu h v kd mawG‹=uyg? yef;yJxw k AhJ rm}uD;vd‹k ajym&if usaemfeh mrnfukd ajymvdu k &f if tJ'b D ufrmS od=uygw,fAsm? vlqw kd m ajymvd‹k &wmr[kwb f ;l ? wa=umif;r[kww f a=umif;eJ‹ a&mufjzpfcsiaf &muf jzpfwm æ ? EdkifiHa&;orm;qdkwm ydkawmif tJ'DvdkñuHEdkifao;w,f æ? udkpdk;xGwf}uD;u olawmifaxmifu rxGuf&ao;cifuwnf;u usaemfwdk‹udk óudwifzdwfrE Wu ðyaecJhw,f? ol‹pum;awGu olrkcsjyefudkjyefr,fqdkwm tcdkiftrm azmf!$ef;ae±Hkru/ ol‹=uifol[m ol‹ukd olw‹kd EpS af ,muf 'd;k wlabmifzuf vkyu f ikd pf m;aomuf aexdik cf =hJ uwJh yef;yJzakd v;uae/ oljyefvm r,fhtcsdefudk rrSdwfrokefapmifhvifhóudqdkaerSmudk oHo,uif;pGm tcdkiftrm,Hk=unfaewmudkvJ xif [yfay:vGiaf ecJw h ,f? a=omf æ ol‹cspo f &l ‹J opPmtonf;ESv;kH udk pd;k pOf;rSoo H ,r0if ,H=k unf av;euf vGef;vdkufwmvdk‹cHpm;rd&if;/ usaemfrSma=uuGJr_awG=um;uae =unfEl;qGwfysH‹ovdkvdkawmif jzpfvdkuf ao;w,f? usaemfu qGwyf s‹H vrG ;f armzG,af wGukd &ifcek w f wfoq l akd wmh wcgrrS jrifz;l bl;wJh ol‹&‹J =uifol oufv,f wjynfolra&$xm;eJ‹ ol‹&J‹tjyefudkwdk;wdwfpGm apmifhvifhai;ar#mfae&Smr,fh rsufvHk;av; t0dik ;f om;eJ‹ orD;i,fav;&J‹ rsuEf mS awGuykd g tm±Hx k rJ mS yHak zmf=unf&h if; jrifrjd rifa,mif jzpfvmcJw h ,f? wae!dw k ikd ;f yef;yJzt kd 0ifvrf;qD ai;&Dar#m±f a_ e&Smr,fh xdik ;f trsK;d orD;av; wa,muf[m ol‹orD;av; udk vufqGJvdk‹aygh? +yD;awmh Armjynfbufudk rsuf&nf0J0JeJ‹warharm}uD; vSrf;=unfhvdk‹aygh?

(3) aemufydkif;rSm udkpdk;xGwfta=umif; usaemfr=um;&awmh? usaemfwdk‹ 5/n tkyfpkudk ppftpdk;&u axmifawGcGJ+yD; ajymif;a&$‹ypfvdkufawmh usaemfu om,m0wDaxmif a&mufoGm;w,f? AdkvfZifaumhwdk‹ udkpdk;0if;wdk‹awGuawmh awmifilaxmifvdkvdk =um;&w,f? usaemfe‹J twl om,m0wDaxmifygvmcJw h hJ OD;xGe;f &Sed }f uD;eJ‹pum;pyfr=d u&if; 'Dtcsed q f kd udpk ;kd xGwf }uD;wa,mufawmh xdik ;f e,fajrudjk yefa&muf+yD; ol‹ZeD; ol‹orD;awGe‹J rsm; aysm&f i$ pf mG jyefvnf qHak wG‹ae avmuf+yDvm;vdk‹awmh ajymrdqdkrd awG;=unfhjzpfrdao;w,f? usaemfu, kd w f ikd f axmifusEpS jf ynfv h ‹kd vw G af jrmufvm&+yD;wJah emufyikd ;f ±ke;f &if;uef&if; ajy;v$m; &&if;u &moDpuf0ef;awG t}urd }f urd af usmv f mcJw h ,f? Edik if aH &;owW0gwOD;jzpfc&hJ wJh usaemf[m Edik if aH &; 30

0if;wifhxGef;

cspfvGef;vdk@ a&mufvm&olyg 0J=oC}uD;xJrSmyJ t}udrf}udrf0&rf;ajy;vJ jzpfaecJh&w,f? &Spfav;vHk; ta&;awmfyHk}uD;udk ppftkyfpku t=urf;zufòzdcGJESdyfuGyfr_&J‹ tusKd;qufwcktjzpf ppf tm%m&Sipf epfukd qef‹usi=f uwJh ausmif;om;vli,fawG Edik if aH &;pdw"f mwfjyif;jyolawG 'Dru kd a&pDa&; v_y&f mS ;olawG axmifaygi;f rsm;pGm xdik ;f e,fpyfwav#muf xkid ;f e,fajrwav#muf a&mufomG ;=u&csed rf mS / rSwrf w S x f ifxif udpk ;kd xGw}f u;D udo k wd&aerdovdk udpk ;kd xGw}f u;D aum bmawGrsm; vkyu f ikd af eovJv‹kd vJ tawG;wcsuf0ifcJhrdao;w,f? usaemfvJ xdik ;f e,fajrbufqo D m ajy;cJ&h r,fq&kd ifawmh tif;pdeaf xmif zdeyfcsKyftvky}f uD;buf rSm wbkww f nf;om;csi;f awGjzpfczhJ ;l wJh Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; b0wlcsi;f jzpfczhJ ;l wJh udpk ;kd xGw}f uD;udk rawG‹ awG‹atmif &Smjzpf awG‹jzpf cJhOD;rSmyg? 'gayrJh usaemfu tJ'DbufqDra&mufjzpf? jynfyqD xGufajy;cJh &wmcsif;wlayrJh xdkif;e,fajrqD ajcrcsjzpf? umvwckt=umrSmawmh udkpdk;xGwf}uD;emrnfudk usaemfjyef+yD; =um;vm&jyefygw,f? usaemf wdk‹ udkpdk;xGwfyJvm; eHrnfwludkpdk;xGwfyJvm;qdk+yD; a0a00g;0g;roJruGJ jzpfaerdjyefygw,f? usaemfu usaemfwdk‹bufqD a&mufa&mufvmwJh rdwfaqGwOD;udk “ol‹trsKd;orD;u xdkif;trsKd; orD;av æ yef;ykxkwJh udkpdk;xGwfvm;”vdk‹ aocsmatmif ar;jref;=unfhrdaeao;w,f? tJ'DusawmhrS rvGJEdkifawmh/ usaemfwdk‹rdwfaqG}uD; udkpdk;xGwf? wavmuawmh usaemfeJ‹tifrwef&if;ESD;wJh ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifav;wa,mufa&mufvm w,f? ole‹J pum;pjrnf axG&mav;yg;ajymjzpf=u&if; “rif; æ yef;ykxw k hJ udpk ;kd xGwq f w kd m odvm;”vd‹k ar;=unfrh jd yefw,f? bm&,fr[kw/f wcsed u f tif;pdeaf xmiftwGi;f tvky}f uD;bkww f cktwGi;f twlwl aejzpfcJh=uwJh oHa,mZOfpdwfeJ‹yg? “[m æ odwmaygh OD;&,f æ usaemfwdk‹&JabmfawGu tb tbeJ‹ ac:ae=uwmAs æ” “a[æ”ceJ jzpfoGm;rdw,f? usaemfu udk,fhudk,fudk b,fwkef;urS }uD;w,fxifrxm;rdawmh udkpdk;xGwfwa,muf ‘tb’jzpfoGm;wmudk tHh=oovdk jzpfoGm;rdw,f? “usaemfwdk‹&J‹ &JabmfawGætJ'DbufrSmae&wJh &JabmfawG[m tb&J‹ZeD;udk awmfawmfcspf=u w,fAs/ 0,fp&m csrf;p&mudpPjzpfjzpfæbmudpPjzpfjzpf xdkif;bmompum;eJ‹ ywfouf+yD; tbZeD;udkyJ tm;udk;&w,f? bmjzpfjzpf wyifwyef;vdkufvHulnD&Smygw,f æ” ol‹pum;udk=um;&&if; usaemfhrSm =unfEl;oGm;&jyefw,f?

“OD;pdk;xGwf}uD;uawmh wacgif;vHk; azG;azG;jzLae+yDAs” usaemfhrSm tHh=ord&if;ðyH;rd&jyefw,f? udkpdk;xGwf rsufESmudkvJ usaemfjyefvnf yHkazmf=unfhaerdw,f? acgif;ar$;awG azG;azG;jzLaewJh udkpdk;xGwf}uD;[m ðyH;vdk‹ygvm;? usaemfjyefrSm æolwdk‹om;trdqD ra&mufa&mufatmifudk jyefrSm æ ckavmufqdk æ usaemf ol@ udk vdro f mG ;wmvd‹k yJ pGrJ sm;oGm;+yDvm; rodygb;l Asm æ”qdw k hJ udpk ;kd xGw}f uD;&JŒ wcsed u f toHawGuv kd /J vef;qwfpGm jyefvnf=um;a,mifaerdygw,f? ? Ò

0if;wifx h eG ;f 0if;wifhxGef;

31

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (4)

32

0if;wifhxGef;

aus;Zl;wkH@wif&Sdygv#ifvJ æ

aus;Zl;wH‹k wif &Syd gv#ifvJ æ 0if;wifx h eG ;f

(1) uw!kw/ uwa'0D æ aus;Zl;&Sdoludk aus;Zl;qyf&r,f? aus;Zl;qyfwm[m aus;Zl;odwwf wm[m r*Fvm æ wJh? ol.aus;Zl;/ rxdefjrL;ESifh/ aus;Zl;odtyf/ aus;Zl;qyfoifh æ wJh? wvkwfpm;zl; ol‹aus;Zl; æwJh? aus;Zl;w&m;eJ‹ywfouf+yD; bmoma&;tqH;k trawGrmS a&m/ vlra_ &;tqH;k trawGrmS yg tav; xm;azmfjycJ=h uygw,f? aus;Zl;w&m;eJ‹ywfouf+yD; Zmwfeyd gwyf jkH yifaygi;f ajrmufjrm;pGm&So d vdk oGeo f if csuaf wG =o0g'awG pum;yHak wG qdq k ;kH rcsuaf wGvJ ra&wGuEf ikd af tmif&cdS yhJ gw,f? b,fEikd if H b,fvrl sK;d b,fbmomrSmrqdk aus;Zl;w&m;eJ‹ aus;Zl;odwwfrt _ ay: tav;wif; wefz;kd xm;cJ=h uygw,f? aus;Zl; uef;jcif;&J‹tjypfe‹J aus;Zl;odwwfjcif;&J‹tusK;d udk trsK;d rsK;d tzHzk kH zGiq hf &kd iS ;f jy oGeo f ifq;kH rcJ=h uygw,f? aus;Zl;udk odwwfatmif aus;Zl;udk tav;xm;wwfatmif ±_axmift h zHzk kH e,fy,ftoD;oD;uae vrf;a=umif;ay;cJh=u+yD;/ aus;Zl;udkodwwfwm aus;Zl;tay: wkHjhyefaus;Zl;qyfwwfwmudkvJ tav; tjrwfðyp&mtjzpf/ tEkarm'emðyp&mtjzpf/ 0rf;om=unfE;l p&mtjzpf av;av;eufeuf oabmxm; cJh=uygw,f? usaemfwdk‹ Ak'<bmome,frSmqdk&if ‘r*Fvm’wyg;tjzpf/ aumif;jrwfwifhw,f rSefuef usuo f a&&Srd }_ uD;wcktjzpf wdwv d if;vif; pm&if;oGi;f xm;cJyh gw,f? r*Fvmw&m;(38)yg;xJrmS aus;Zl; odwwfaus;Zl;qyfjcif;[m {&mrr*Fvmw&m;}uD; wckyg? aus;Zl;odwwfol aus;Zl;qyfob l ufuvJ ESv;kH pdw0f rf; &$iv f ef;p&mjzpfovd/k aus;Zl;tqyfc&H ol aus;Zl;&Sdol aus;Zl;&SifbufuvJ aus;Zl;qyfjcif;udk awG‹&óuH& jyefvnfvufcH&&dS&wm[m tifrwef =unfEl;p&m ESpfaxmif;tm;&p&maumif;wJhudpPygyJ? =um;& od& jrif&olrsm;tzdk‹awmif 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om =unfE;l p&mwckayg?h r*Fvm&Sw d u hJ pd q P akd wmh r*Fvm&Sw d jhJ rifuiG ;f / r*Fvm&Sw d t hJ jzpfe‹J r*Fvm&S&d dS ESpfòrd‹p&m =unfEl;p&m om"kac:p&mayyJ? ‘r*Fvm’qdw k m aumif;jrwf wifw h ,f rSeu f ef usuo f a&&Srd a_ vmufom t"dym` ,fazmfaqmifwm r[kwf? “raumif;r_rS y,fazsmufwwfaoma=umifh r*FvH æ r*Fvmrnf.” qdkwJh teufudkawmif xyf qifh ay;tyfvdkufygao;w,f? tJ'Dawmh æ aus;Zl;w&m;udk odwwfwm/ wkH@jyefaus;Zl; qyfwwfwm[m r*Fvm? r*Fvmqdk wmu aumif;jrwfwifhw,f rSefuefjcif;? raumif;r_wdk‹rS y,fazsmufwwfjcif;?

0if;wifhxGef;

33

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; 'gayrJh æ aus;Zl;odwwfol wynfhwa,muf&J‹aus;Zl;qyfjcif;udk cH,l&&Sdvdkuf&wJh ‘OD;cspf[ef’ qdkol 'kp±dkuform;a[mif;}uD;wOD;&J‹wu,fhtjzpftysufuawm æ (2) om,m0wDaxmifu t*FvdyfudkvdkeDorm;rsm; vufxufuwnf;u emrnf}uD;axmif?

OD;csp[ f efwa,muf om,m0wDaxmifa&mufvm&awmh toufig;q,fausmf ajcmufq,fwiG ;f jzpfae+yD? i,fpOfwkef;u tdrfeJ‹axmif ul;csnfoef;csnf }udrfzefrsm;pGma&mufcJh0ifcJh xGufcJhzl;ayrJh 'Dwcga&muf&wmuawmh rwefqHk;? bmwckrS rusL;vGefcJh&ygyJeJ‹ a&mufcJh&jcif; æ wJh? bmyJjzpfjzpf axmife‹J &if;ES;D u|r;f 0ifaecJ+h y;D om; oltzd‹k 'x D rJ mS b,fvakd e b,fvx kd ikd f b,fvq kd ufq&H r,fqw kd mawG awmh aema=uae+yD;om;?

“OD;csp[ f ef}u;D æ bmr_wek ;f ”vd‹k tusO;f om;tcsi;f csi;f ar;=ujref;=uawmh “aus;Zl; tqyfc&H r_” vdk‹ olujyefajzw,f? “[m æ vkyfprf;ygOD;As æ cifAsm;tr_a=umif;av; æ”vdk‹ pdwf0ifpm;olawGu qufvufar;jref; pl;prf;=uawmh olu zGzGav;òyH;w,f? t&yf&Snf&Snf axmifaxmifarmif;armif;eJ‹ OD;cspf[ef}uD;[m toufajcmufq,fwGif; 0ifcJh+yD jzpfayrJh usef;rma&;uawmh a'gifa'gifjrnfaeqJ? olu óud‹yifaumufom;? om,m0wD/ oHk;q,f tkwfzdk/ óud‹yifaumuf/ vufyHwef;/ ZD;ukef;/ ewfwvif;e,fw0dkufu axmifusvmcJh&olawG[m rsm; aomtm;jzifh om,m0wDaxmifudkyJ ydk‹wwfwmjzpfawmh olvJol,m0wDaxmifudkyJ a&mufvmcJh &wmjzpfw,f? om,m0wDaxmifxJ a&mufvm=uol trsm;pk[m vlowf"m;jyr_awGjzpfayrJh olu awmh b,fwek ;f urS vlowfra_ wmhrusL;vGecf b hJ ;l / "m;jyvJrwdu k cf b hJ ;l ? i,fpOfwek ;f u c%c%usL;vGef cJzh ;l wmu azmufxiG ;f r_/ vk,ufr/_ trsK;d rsK;d aom avmif;upm;r_? oltu|r;f usiq f ;kH u azmufxiG ;f r_? “udk,fvJ toufav;q,fhig;ESpfavmufup+yD; 'kp±dkufr_awGudk pGef‹vdkufyg+yD? aumif;a&mif; aumif;0,fyJ vkypf m;awmhr,fayg/h toufvJ ri,fawmhb;l qdw k hJ tode‹J ayg?h tJ æ wckawmh&w dS mayg/h udk,feJ‹vJ&if;ESD;+yD; udk,fhta=umif;vJ odzl;+yD;om;jzpfwJhaumifawGu zJ0dkif;}uD;awGaxmif=u/ *sif0dkif; =uuf0ikd ;f }uD;awG csed ;f 0dik ;f }uD;awGtjzpf vky=f uwJt h cgrmS awmh æ OD;av;&,f tud}k uD;&,fuyl gO;D qd&k if awmh/ eJeJyg;yg;vdkufvH+yD; 0dkif;xdef;av; yGJxdef;av;vkyfay;wmawmh &Sdygw,f? udk,fhydkufqH wjym;rS rygygb;l ? xd;k wm avmif;wm xdik w f mvJrvkyyf gb;l ? ab;uae yGt J aetxm; xde;f ay;odr;f ay;/ vdt k yf &if azsmif;zsay; vl=unfhay;wmrsKd;av;awG vkyfcJhygw,f? tJ'DtwGuf 'dkifvkyfwJhaumifuvJ udk,fhudk ae‹wu G af y;cJyh gw,f? ±_;H ±_;H Edik Ef ikd f ay;&Smygw,f? Edik &f ifawmh rsm;rsm;ayg?h tJ'gawmif toufig;q,fjynfh awmh rvkyaf wmhygb;l ? ud, k [ hf mud, k f 0g;av;}udraf v;udik +f yD; jcif;&uf awmif;&uf yvH;k &ufe‹J yJ touf arG;cJhygw,f æ” OD;csp[ f ef}uD;u ol‹Zmwfa=umif;udk &Snv f sm;pGm yv†icf aH ecsed rf mS ol‹om;&G,f wl&, G f tr_aygi;f pHk tusOf;om;i,fav;rsm;u pdwf0ifpm;pGm em;axmifae=uygw,f? vlawG&J‹ta=umif;udk tifrwef pdwf0ifpm;wwfwJh usaemf[mvJ tJ'D em;axmify&dowf}uD;twGif;rSm wa,muftygt0if? 'gayrJh 34

0if;wifhxGef;

aus;Zl;wkH@wif&Sdygv#ifvJ æ usaemfu 0dkif;tjyifbuf cyfvSrf;vSrf;uae+yD; em;axmifaejcif;? “tJ'v D kd aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f vkyu f ikd pf m;aomuf aexdik af wmhryS J tr_u tdrx f ad &mufvmawmh wmygyJ æ” OD;cspf[efu aemufw}udrfðyH;vdkufjyefygw,f? y&dowfem;qifoltaygif;uawmh a&S‹vmvwHW@ aomZmwfvrf;udk pdw0f ifpm;r_tjynfeh ‹J em;pGix hf m;olu em;pGi/hf OD;csp[ f ef&‹J rsuEf mS qD vSr;f =unfo h u l vSrf;=unfh? “wae‹aygh æ udk,fujcif;awmif;av;wvkH;&ufaewkef; æ t&ifu udk,fhwynfhjzpfcJhzl;ol wa,muf aygucf svmw,f? tHr,f æ ud, k f ˜ vlawmif aumif;aumif; rrSwrf cd sib f ;l ? ud, k af wmfacsm u awmufawmufajymifajymif jzpfvdk@? +yD;awmh rawG@=uwmuvJ q,fhav;ig;ESpf&Sd+yDav/ tJ'golu ud, k u hf kd aus;Zl;qyfcsif uefawmhcsiv f ‹kd [dak r;'Dar; ar;+y;D ra&mufa&mufatmifvmcJw h m æ wJ?h [dw k ek ;f u ud, k Ef pk Ofb0u azmufxiG ;f orm;b0u ol‹ukd ud, k u f ud, k ahf emufvu kd t f jzpf wyGEJ pS yf JG ac:oH;k zl; ovdk eJeyJ g;yg;vJ ynmav;bmav; oifay;cJzh ;l wmayg?h tJ'w D ek ;f u 'Daumifu touf(20)avmufyJ &SOd ;D rSm? ynmqdw k muawmh aumif;wJyh nm&yf b,f[w k rf vJ/ b,fvt kd rd f b,fvakd zmuf&w,fqw kd hJ ynmrsKd;aygh” OD;cspf[efu ajym&if;ajym&if; ðyH;aejyefw,f? “wdw k ykd aJ jym=uygp‹kd / olu q&mocifaus;Zl;&Sijf zpfczhJ ;l ol ud, k u hf kd vHck snt f opfusycf |wf (5)uGi;f / rdef;rtwGuf rdef;r0wfu (3)uGif;eJ‹ uefawmhoGm;w,f? ydkufqHuawmh rygygbl;? tJ æ tJ'guae axmifx0J ifc&hJ awmhwm æ wynfah [mif;}uD;&J‹ aus;Zl;odwwf aus;Zl;qyfaumif;r_a=umifh wcgwnf; udk axmifwJa&mufcJh&awmhwm æ ” “[if æ b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ” “'DudpPeJ‹ b,fES,fvkyfaxmifxJ0ifcJh&wmwkef;” pdwf0ifpm;ol y&dowf}uD;xJu ar;cGef;awG wa,mufwayguf xGufvmw,f? OD;cspf[ef}uD;&J‹ tajymaumif;r_a=umifh pdwf0ifpm;pGmem;qifaerdwJh usaemfawmif aemufqufwGJtcef;quftay: ar#mfwvifhvifhjzpfoGm;rdw,f? “tjzpfu 'Dvakd v æ ud, k af wmfacsm wckww f &o,fvm+y;D ud, k u hf v kd maus;Zl;qyf uefawmhcw hJ hJ æ tJ æ vSLzG,0f wˆK}uD;awGv@kd ajym=uygp@dk ? vkcH snaf wGu jynfaps;xJu txnfqikd w f qdik u f kd azmuf xGi;f +yD;&vmcJw h mawGwahJ v? tJ'w D ek ;f uawmh ud, k v f b J ,foyd grh vJ? ud, k v hf muefawmhwyhJ pPn;f oef‹ oef‹&Sif;&Sif;[kwf&J‹vm;/ b,fvdkenf;eJ@ &vmwJhypPnf;vJqdkwmawmh b,fvdkar;vdk@ppfvdk@jzpfyghrvJ? tJ'aD wmh ok;H av;vt=umrSm ud, k af wmfacsm&J@ azmufxiG ;f r_u ay:ygava&m? ykvyd u f xH;k pHtwdik ;f ppf+yDaygh? tJ'DazmufxGif;&&Sdxm;wJh vHkcsnfawGb,frvJaygh? olu a&mif;pm;+yD;+yDajzayrJh ykvdyfu 'DvdkvG,fvG,fajzvdk‹&±dk;vm;/ b,frSma&mif;ovJ/ b,faps; b,fqdkif;rSma&mif;ovJvdkufjy æ aygh? ola&mif;cJhwJh qdkifawGvdkufjy æ ykvdyfu tukefvdkufodrf;/ b,fESpfxnfa&mif;cJhovJ ppf=unfh/ aemufq;kH awmh azmufxiG ;f cH&wJq h ikd u f wdik cf suyf gta&twGuef ‹J uGmaeao;wJh q,fxnfavmufu b,frvJayg?h ol‹crsm xde;f awmhxed ;f &Smygao;w,f? rwwfomwJt h qH;k rSm ta&twGuu f u kd af tmif trSet f wdik ;f ajym&csed rf mS æ óu@d yifaumufu OD;csp[ f efukd oGm;uefawmhcyhJ gw,fayg?h tJ'aD wmh ykvyd u f 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; udk,fhqDvdkufvma&m/ &or#vHkcsnfav;awG oufaocHypPnf;tjzpf jyefodrf;ygava&m? udk,fuvJ tvdv k akd e&if; oufaocHypPn;f awGyg tcdik t f rm&&Sx d m;wJh olc;kd vufcH ypPn;f vufcH jzpfomG ;ygava&m/ aemufa=umif;jyefvn S =hf unfv h u kd af wmh æ ykvyd ±f ;kH u tr_w&JG mZ0if rSww f rf;a[mif;awG jyefveS =f unfh vdkufawmhvJ æudk,fu t&ifu emrnf}uD;azmufxGif;0dZ…m}uD; wa,mufav æ 'Dawmh b,fvdk &Si;f &Si;f b,f,rkH vJ/ tr_wrJG mS cd;k r_vufcH azmufxiG ;f ypPn;f vufc/H olc;kd vufc?H 'Dvekd ‹J axmifx0J ifc&hJ wmav æ? 'ga=umifah jymwmayg?h æ aus;Zl;odwwfwhJ wynfah umif;}uD;u aus;Zl;odwwfpmG q&m aumif;q&mjrwfukd vma&mufaus;Zl;qyfuefawmhvu kd w f t hJ wGuf axmifx0J ifc&hJ wmygv‹kd / aus;Zl; tqyfcH&vdk‹ axmifxJa&mufcJh&wmygvdk‹ æ ” OD;cspf[efu &Snfvsm;pGmajymqdk&Sif;vif;&if; ol‹&J‹tr_Zmwfa=umif;udk ed*Hk;csKyfvdkufygw,f? usaemfuawmh ol‹tr_Zmwfa=umif;&Sif;vif;oHudk em;axmifrd&if; ed*Hk;rcsKyfEdkifao;wJh tawG;pawGudk qufiifaerdjyefw,f? aus;Zl;qyfwm aus;Zl;odwwfwm[m r*Fvmw&m;jzpfayrJh b,fou l b,fo‹l ukd b,fvekd nf;eJ‹ aus;Zl;qyfovJ/ aus;Zl;wH‹k wifðyovJqw kd m[mvJ wcgwcg tc&muswt hJ cef;u ygaejyefyga&mhvm; vd‹k awG;aerdw,f? aus;Zl;w&m;eJ‹aus;Zl;qyfrq _ w kd mxJrmS 'kp±du k o f m;eJ‹'pk ±du k rf sm;roufqikd af p&vd‹k yJ e,fedrdwfxyfrH owfrSwfuef‹owfxm;zdk‹rsm; vdkao;ovm;? 'kp±dkufe,f&J‹'kp±dkufaus;Zl;[m r*Fvm w&m;awmfeJ‹roufqdkifvdk‹yJ,lq&avrvm;?aus;Zl;qyfjcif;tr_ðywmawmif 'kp±du k o f rm;wa,muf&@J 'kp±du k ef ‹J ,u S Ef , G w f ahJ us;Zl;odwwfjcif;[m tE &W m,fv‹kd awmh teuft"dym` ,fxu G af ejyefygaygv h m;?

(3) waqmifwnf;rSm twlaevm&&if; OD;csp[ f ef}uD;eJ‹ ydrk o kd u d |r;f &if;ES;D vm&awmhrS OD;csp[ f ef}uD;&J‹ i,fZmwfa=umif;awG[m wpwp ±kyfvHk;yDvmcJhw,f? ol‹&J‹ajym=um;csufawGt& ol[mES,fES,f&& azmufxGif;orm;r[kwf?

ArmjynfrmS [d;k [d;k ausmcf w hJ hJ azmufxiG ;f r_}uD;wr_rmS ol[mwGb J uf ZmwfaumifZmwf&}H uD;wOD;? zqyvacwfu EdkifiHawmforw}uD; a'gufwmbOD;&J‹tdrfwuf+yD; azmufxGif;vk,ufr_}uD;rSm yg0ifcJholwOD;? tJ'w D ek ;f u Edik if aH wmforw a'guw f mbOD;tdrw f uf+y;D vk,ufc&hJ mrSm azmufxiG ;f 0dZm… armifausmf eJ‹ olESpfOD;wnf;wJh æ? azmufxiG ;f 0dZm… armifausmt f a=umif;udak wmh q&mjroef;wifu h ‘armifausm’f udk ‘ausmaf rmif’ vdk‹ emrnfajymif;+yD; vHk;csif;0wˆK&Snf}uD;wyk'f a&;om;oGm;cJhzl;wm wydkfif;wprSwfrdaeao;w,f? “tarSmif&dyf0,f æ” qdkwJh 0wˆK}uD;yJxifyg&J‹? q&mjroef;wifu h &oajrmufpmG a&;zG‹J azmfusL;oGm;cJw h hJ tJ'0D wWK}uD;udk aumif;aumif;zwfczhJ ;l ayrJh axmifxJrSmusaemfu arhawhawhjzpfae+yD? wcsKd@ a0a00g;0g;jzpfae+yD? tJ'D0wˆK}uD;&J‹ t"du ZmwfaumifjzpfcJhwJh armifausmfeJ‹wGJ+yD;yg0ifcJhw,fqdkwJh OD;cspf[ef}uD;udk om,m0wDaxmifxJrSmyJ trSwfrxifqHkqnf;rdawmhrS tJ'D EdkifiHawmforwtdrf azmufxGif;vk,ufr_}uD;Zmwfa=umif;udk 36

0if;wifhxGef;

aus;Zl;wkH@wif&Sdygv#ifvJ æ usaemfu pdwf0ifpm;vGef;pGm r=umc%ar;ar;=unfhrdw,f? r[kwfwm[kwfwm tyxm;/ OD;cspf[ef }uD;u ol‹&‹J u, kd af wG‹Zmwfa=umif;tjzpf jyefvnfajym=um;&mrSm tifrwefpw d 0f ifpm;p&m aumif;wm awG trsm;}uD;? “cifAsm;wd‹k u b,fvpkd w d u f ;l awGe‹J rsm; Edik if aH wmforw a'guw f mbOD;tdru f rkd S wufazmufvu kd f =uwmvJAsm æ ”vdk‹ w&ufrSm ar;rdw,f? “trSeaf jym&&if æ tJ'w D ek ;f u armifausmaf &m usaemfa&m jc0H if;xJ0ifc=hJ uwJt h xd orwtdrrf eS ;f rodbl;As? tvkyfrjzpfwm=umawmh acsmifwJhae&m0ifvkyfr,fqdk+yD; n}uD;tJ'D vlukHwef&yfuGufxJ 0ifvmcJ=h uwm? jcHpnf;±d;k rSm ykÀ&dyyf ifawGwnDwnmeJ‹ jcH}uD;wjcHem;a&mufvmawmh tay:xyfrmS jywif;waygufzGifhxm;wJh tdrf}uD;wtdrfawG‹w,fAs/ &moDOwkuylawmh wHcg;zGifh+yD;tdyfaewmeJ‹wlyg w,f? atmufrmS tapmifv h v kd v kd u l vJ tdr}f uD;wywfvn S =hf unf+h yD;wmeJ‹ ol‹tapmifw h q J D jyef0ifomG ; csed af vmufrmS tarSmif&yd cf +kd yD; okwcf eJ0ifvmcJ=h uw,f? uHaumif;csiaf wmh jcHpnf;±d;k axmifrh mS tdru f kd aq;okwzf ‹kd oH;k xm;wJh avSum;&Sn}f uD; wpif;vnf;awG‹a&m tJ'g}uD; ESpaf ,mufom;r ˜ +yD; zGix hf m;wJh jywif;ayguftxdaxmif+yD; tdrfxJcyfokwfokwf wufvdkuf=uw,f? txJvJa&mufa&m EdkifiHawmf wHqdyf}uD;u tjyL;om;eJ‹ tJ'DusawmhrS [m æ orwtdrfygvm;qdkwm odawmhwm? a&mufrSawmh rxl;bl; csomcsuGmqdk+yD; tEk=urf;pD;&awmhwm æ ” OD;cspf[ef}uD;u ðyH;+yD;ajzw,f? +yD;awmh æ “orwudt k Ek=urf;pD;cJw h m bmvufeufe‹J pD;cJw h ,fxifv/J tJ't D rd x f u J yJ awG‹&wJh aygirf ek ‹f v;DS wJh "m;eJ‹ uav;upm;wJhaoewf æ As”wJh? usaemf wtHhw=ojzpfoGm;rdw,f? 'Dtbdk;}uD; cyfwnfwnf +zD;aeovm;qdkwJh t=unfhrsKd;eJ‹vJ ol‹udk=unfhvdkufygw,f? “aygirf ek ‹f v;DS wJ"h m;udk usKyfuudik /f ol‹ajr;upm;wJh aoewfe‹J wyl gw,f/ tJ'aD oewfukd armifausmf uudik +f yD; twGi;f cef;qD armifausmu f 0ifomG ;w,f? wHcg;uvJ *surf csxm;bl;/ tdycf ef;xJrmS a'guw f m bOD;}uD;u rSed ;f +yD;tdyaf ew,f? tJ æ tcef;u ab;csi;f uyfvsut f cef;eJ‹vJ twGi;f rSm wHcg;ayguw f ck &Sd+yD;qufaew,f? wHcg;uawmh b,fbufuydwfxm;ovJ rodbl;As/ aemufrSod&wmu tJ'Dorw }uD;tcef;eJ‹wqufwnf;tcef;u ol‹c,frtdyfwJh tcef;wJhAs? [J[Jæ” OD;cspf[ef}uD;u oabmuspGm &,faejyefw,f? “a'guw f mbOD;u tJ'w D ek ;f u rde;f rr&Sad wmhb;l As æ qH;k oGm;+yD æ”ajym&if;ajym&if; oluquf&,f aewJhtwGuf æ “uJ æ qufygO;D Asm Zmwfvrf;av; æ ”vd‹k usaemfu w&m;axmufvyk o f vdk Zmwfvrf;axmuf av;vkyf+yD; owday;&w,f? “armifausmu f uav;upm;wJah oewfe‹J a'guw f mbOD;em;xif awhvu kd w f ,fq&kd ifyJ tbd;k }uD; uEdk;vmw,f/ armifausmfu rsufpdrSdwfxm;cdkif;awmh orw}uD;u bmajymvJodvm;/ toufawmh csrf;omay;yg æ wJh? wkefwkef&D&DeJ‹ rsufaph}uD;rSdwf+yD; ajymw,f? ay; æ b,frvJ rD;cHaowWmaomh æ vd‹k awmif;awmh tomw=unfyJ acgi;f tH;k atmufvufe‹J prf;+yD; qGx J w k af y;w,f? rD;cHaowWm}uD;u 'Dtcef;xJrSmyJqdkawmh qGJzGifhvdkufawmh pdefawGa&m a&$xnfawGa&m ydkufqHawGa&maygh? 'DxJrSm 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; a&$pvG,}f uD;vd[ k mawmif ygvu kd af o; æ ? tJ'g}uD;u r=umao;cifurS ,l*q kd vyforw}uD;wD;wd;k Armjynfa&mufvmwkef;/ Armorw}uD;udk csD;jr‡ifhtyfESif;oGm;wJh *k%fxl;aqmif a&$pvG,fwHqdyf}uD; aygAh sm æ? bmrSajymraeeJ‹ tukeo f rd ;f xnfv h mcJw h ,f? tJ'v D kd odr;f usKH ;xnfah ewke;f æ orw}uD;u a=umufa=umufeJ‹ bmrsm;ajymw,f xifovJ æ ” OD;cspf[ef}uD;u ðyH;ðyH;}uD;vkyfaejyefw,f? bmyJajymajym ol‹ajym[efqdk[ef[m pdwf0ifpm;zG,f twdqdkawmh usaemfuawmh ol‹&J‹qufvmvwWH@aompum;udkyJ em;pGifhaerdw,f? “igh æ ighajr;av;zdk‹awmh eJeJcsefxm;cJh=uyguGm æwJh” 'Dwcgawmh usaemfyg ðyH;vdkufrdw,f? “tJ'Dawmh armifausmfu b,fvdkajymw,fxifovJ æ ” oluxyf+yD; ya[VdzGuf(0Suf)pum;udk qdkjyefw,f? “armifausmu f 'kp±du k o f rm; azmufxiG ;f 0dZm… omjzpfwm pmawmhtawmfzwfwv hJ /l v#L@d 0u S o f zJ kd 0wˆK pHkaxmuf0wˆKawGuawmh ol‹tonf;pGJaygh? pmpHkvJ tawmfzwfwJhvl æ A[kokw&SdwJhvlavæ tJ'Dawmh æ a'gufwmbOD;udkajymvdkufwmu cifAsm;vdk æ v,form;olykef}uD; awmfvSefa&;acgif; aqmif}uD;q&mpHukd óud;rde‹f ay;owfcw hJ t hJ xJygcw hJ o hJ u l kd bmvd‹k nm‡ ae&rSmvJ æ” wJ?h a'guw f mbOD; udk,f}uD; wGef‹ceJjzpfoGm;wmyJ? OD;cspf[efu pum;pudk acwWjzwf&if; em;aejyefw,f? “uJ uJ qufygOD;As æ ”vdk‹ usaemfu avmaqmfvdkufrS æ “aemufawmh a'gufwmbOD;udk tarSmufcikd ;f / yg;pyfxt J 0wfq‹kd / vufuakd emufjyefcsnx f m;cJ+h yD; æ rv_yef ‹J aemf æ v_y&f ifawmh ao+yD rSwfvdk‹ajcmufxm;cJh+yD;/ rD;cHaowWmxJu&Edkifor#tukefpk odrf;usKH;xnfhvmcJh=uwJhtxkyfeJ‹ cyfokwf okwjf yefqif;vmcJ=h uw,f? b,forl rS odvu kd =f ubl;? b,ftapmifrh v S J rawG‹vu kd =f u&bl;? wD;wd;k ay; wJh *k%fxl;aqmifa&$pvG,fvdk[m}uD;awmh tJ'D&yfuGuftausmfu tr_dufyHkwckab; xdk;0Sufjr‡KyfESH xm;cJ=h u+yD; atmifatmifjrifjrif pcef;odr;f Edik cf =hJ uw,f? aemuf&yfuu G w f ckausmaf vmufa&mufawmh &Jum;awG &Jum;awG [Gef;oHt&Snf}uD;awGqGJ+yD; a'gufwmbOD; aetdrf&yfuGufqD '&=urf;armif; oGm;wmawG‹vu kd &f awmhwmygy?J rd;k vif;awmhr,fav æ ukepf rd ;f orm;awG reufapmapmtvkyq f if;& r,fholawGawmif [dkem;'Dem; awG‹ae&+yDav æ ” OD;cspf[ef}uD;u ol‹Zmwfvrf;udk tqHk;owfvdkuf+yD; ol‹aq;vdyfwdkudk rD;!‡dygavawmhw,f? “aemuf æ b,fvdkjzpfwkef;As” usaemfu odcsifaZmeJ‹ xyfar;jyefygw,f? “ckwifu ajymcJhovdkyJav æ ” cifAsm;vdk v,form;olykef}uD; q&mpHudk óud;rdef‹ay;owfcJhwJh txJygcw hJ o hJ u l kd bmvd‹k !m‡ ae&rSmvJAs”qdw k hJ armifausm&f ŒJ }uD;}uD;us,u f s,cf yfwnfwnf ajymcJw h hJ pum;u awmfawmfu h w kd moGm;cJw h ,f/ w&m;cHtppf azmfxw k af &;udck ufomG ;cJ&h awmhwt hJ xd xda&muf cJw h ,f ajym&rSmyJ? bmvd‹k vq J akd wmh tJ'pD um;udu k ikd +f yD; 'Dtr_[m ±d;k ±d;k tr_r[kw/f ±d;k ±d;k w&m;cHr[kw/f Edik if aH &;EG,w f hJ Ekid if aH &;ygwhJ w&m;cHawGu usL;vGew f t hJ r_/ Edik if aH &;azmufxiG ;f "m;jyr_v‹kd oH;k oyf=unfh jrifc=hJ uqdyk ?J awmfawmfe‹J tr_razmfxw k Ef ikd b f J paumhwvef,m'fuakd wmif vSr;f tultnDawmif;&wJh txdv‹kd ajym=uwmyJ? aemufyikd ;f armifausmv f J ajc&mazsmuf/ usKyfvJ ajc&mazsmuf/ &efuek rf uyf=u awmhbJ wa,mufwae&mpD e,fajy;+yD; Zmwfjr‡Kyf=uawmhwmaygh æ ” 38

0if;wifhxGef;

aus;Zl;wkH@wif&Sdygv#ifvJ æ tJ'Dvdkpum;ajymaumif;aewkef;rSmyJ “tvkyf}uD;wef;pD æ” qdkwJh wef;pD;waumif&J‹ owday; atmf[pfvdkufoHa=umifh usaemfwdk‹vJ ua&maomyg; vlcsif;cGJvdkuf&ygawmhw,f?

(4) tvky}f uD; em;&ufw&ufrmS awmh æ at;at;aq;aq; xdik jf zpf=u&if;/ wcsed u f Edik if aH wmforw tdrf azmufxGif;vk,uf tEk=urf;pD;r_}uD;ta=umif;/ OD;cspf[ef}uD;eJ‹ pum;qufrd=ujyefw,f? “tJ'Dwkef;u tr_ub,fvdk ed*Hk;csKyfoGm;vJAs” “[m æ wefw,fAsm æ wefw,f æ armifausmrf S ig;ESpx f yJ J xifw,f/ aps;wnfo h mG ;=uwmæ” “Asm æ b,fvdkaps;wnfhoGm;&wmvJ” olu usaemfhtar;udk em;axmif&if; òyH;vdkufjyefw,f? “'DvdkAs æ w&m;±Hk;a&mufawmh usaemfwdk‹w&m;cHrsm;bufu a&S‹aeuvJ aumif;w,fAs/ vm owif;,l=u em;axmif=uwJh y&dowf}uD;uvJ owif;axmufawGa&m bmawGa&mtpHkAs? [dk; æ wae‹u usaemfajymwJt h xJygw,frw _ v f m; æ orw}uD;tdyaf ewJt h cef;u æ orw}uD;tcef; c,fr tcef;eJ‹wqufwnf;qdw k mav? twGi;f rSmwHcg;wcsyyf &J w dS ,fqw kd mav æ ? tJ'aD wmh tr_e‹J qikd q f ikd f rqdik q f ikd /f a&S‹ae}uD;u tJ't D cef;zG‹J pnf;xm;wmudyk J rygygatmifxnf+h yD; w&m;cHuakd r;vdu k /f =uHzef+yD; usL;vGefcJholrsm;[m at;at;nifnifomomeJ‹yJ t=urf;zufwmr&Sd ypPnf;awG&,lcJh=uw,fqdkwm ay:atmifar;ovdkvkdeJ‹vkyfvdkufqdkawmh æ owif;axmufawG em;qifolawG yGJusp&m}uD;ayghAsmæ? w&m;vdu k Edik if aH wmforw}uD;qdak wmh bmawGajymcJ=h uw,f b,fv&kd cdS w hJ ,fqw kd mvJ/ w&m;cHa&S‹ae u y,fy,fe,fe,f w&m;vdu k t kd "duxm;+yD; ar;&jref;& ar;cGe;f xkw&f OD;rSmav æ? w&m;cHarmifausmf uvJ vlyg;As/ tukeaf jymOD;rSm? tJ'aD wmh orw}uD;tzd‹k r[mt&Suaf wmftcGcJ &H ovdk jzpfrmS awGuvJ trsm;}uD;qdkawmh æ orw}uD;bufuae armifausmfudk vmnd‡w,fAs? orw}uD;rSmvJ EdkifiHawmf udp}P uD;awGutrsm;om;rd‹k c%c%±H;k awmfrvmEdik b f ;l / rvmcsib f ;l ? armifausmb f ufuvJ wjcm;[m awG bmrSajymraeeJ‹awmh? av#mhav#mhayghaygheJ‹ teJqHk;axmif'%fcsay;r,faygh? tJ'Dvdk tcdkiftrm tmrcH=u+yD; aps;wnfhoGm;cJhwm æ ” 'Dwcg ðyH;vdkufrdoluawmh usaemf? “'gjzifh æ [kww f ,f/ 'gta&;}uD;w,f æ ” OD;csp[ f efu acgi;f ndw&f if; awG;awG;qqai;aew,f? +yD;awmhrS æ “tif; / 'gvJ aus;Zl;qyfrw _ rsK;d vd‹k yaJ jym&rvm; rodygb;l Asm æ [J[”J vd‹k pum;yv†icf H jyefw,f? “'Dvw kd AhJ s æ Edik if aH wmforw tdraf zmufxiG ;f cH&r_}uD;u [d;k av;wausmjf zpfc+hJ yD; owif;pmawG tapmifapmifu trsK;d rsK;d a&;=uw,f? tr_u w&m;cHrazmfxw k Ef ikd b f J vawG=umvmav æ pHak xmuf tzGJ‹}uD;wdk‹ ykvdyftzGJ‹}uD;wdk‹qdkwmvJ acgif;razmfEdkifatmif emrnfysufavayghAsm? EdkifiHawmf orw }uD;vJ acgi;f razmfEikd af ygAh sm? armifausmu f awmh aròrd‹bufomG ;cdak e+yD; aumif;aumif;udk ESyaf ewmayg?h pdet f aumif;pm;av;awGxck +JG y;D olaX;}u;D wa,mufvu kd kd wdu k w f vH;k eJ‹paH ewmwJAh s? 'Dvu l awmfawmf vJ tqifjh rifjh rifh Zdrcf w H wfwo hJ ?l tJ'w D ek ;f u azmufxiG ;f r_ukd b,fvrkd S ajc&mcHr&awmh tpd;k &rif;rsm; 0if;wifhxGef;

39

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; a'golykefx+yD; æ azmufxGif;emrnf&SdolrSefor# &mZ0ifvlqdk;pm&if;&SdolrSefor# ausmfapmyk'frawGeJ‹ tukew f jynfv;kH axmifxx J nfyh gava&m? bmrqdik n f mrqdik f &mZ0ifvq l ;kd rSeo f r# uyfoif=h uwmayg?h e,fuvlawGvJ uyfoif/h axmifaygi;f pHt k yd‹k c/H tcsKyfcx H m;=u&w,f? tJ't D csed rf mS usKyfw‹kd armifausmf }uD;u &efuek q f if;+yD; ole‹J &if;ES;D wJ&h mZ0ifvq l ;kd wa,mufred ;f rqDomG ;+yD; olw‹kd ro d m;pk&‹J 'u k u Q kd ulnD ay;urf;wmawG vkyyf gava&m? ulnw D mrSyu kd q f &H meJ‹csaD y;wmwJ?h axmif0ifpmav;bmav;vJ oGm; yd‹k vu kd af yg?h tJ'aD wmh axmif0ifpmawmifroGm;Edik v f ‹kd vifom;ud'k t D wdik ;f ypfxm;&wJrh ed ;f ru axmif0if pmtxky}f uD;}uD;eJ‹ukd ol‹vif&w dS hJ ykord af xmifvm;bmvm; tJ'u D o kd mG ;ygava&m? ,lomG ;wmawGuvJ yef;oD;wd‹k udww f ‹kd ta=umftvSmw f ‹kd e‹J taumif;pm;awGe‹J csnahf yg?h tJ'w D ek ;f u w&mESp&f mqdw k menf; wJhaiGrSr[kwfwm? a,mufsm;udk,fwdkif tHh=o,l&wmaygh? tJ'Dawmh 'Davmufaumif;aumif;rsm;rsm; yd‹k Eidk w f m rde;f rb,fu&ovJayg?h rde;f ruvJ 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om &Si;f jyw,f/ udak rmifausm}f uD; aumif; pm;awmufajymifae+yD; rarhravsmhvmðyulnDoGm; ay;urf;oGm;w,faygh? a,mufsm;u csufqdk em; cGuu f rD;awmufwv hJ rl sK;d / a¹rGa¹rGcsi;f ajcjrifwo hJ rl sK;d qdak wmh txmayguo f mG ;w,f? 'ge‹J ou l pOf;pm;rSm ayg/h oltygt0if ol‹v&kd mZ0ifemrnf}uD;awG bmrqdik n f mrqdik f qGt J csKyfcaH e&wmvnf; ESpef ‹J cs=D um ae+yDqakd wmh olvnf;xGucf siaf e+yDav? tJ'rD mS æ wdw k akd jym=uygp‹kd / olaewJeh ,faxmifxJ rif;}uD;ud, k f wdik 0f iftppfrmS oluaxmifyikd }f uD;udak wG‹+yD; rif;}uD;udak c:ay;ygæ ta&;}uD;qH;k owif;wck olay;r,f? rwef&ifóuduo f vdk ta&;,layg?h aemufq;kH rif;}uD;eJ‹awG‹=u+yD; ol‹uv kd w $ 0f &rf;xkwaf y;/ tmrcH/ tpd;k & acgi;f cJae&wJu h pd P olajymr,fayg?h oabmwlncD su&f +yD;wJt h cg “'g b,forl rS jzpfEikd b f ;l / armifausmyf J jzpfr,fqw kd ‘hJ wpf’udak y;vdu k yf gava&m? tJ'rD mS armifausmb f ,fa&mufaeovJpaHk xmufe@J yv k yd af wG &Sm=uygava&m? ajc&mcHp&m&oGm;ayrJh awmfawmfeJ‹rrdbl;? rdrJhrdawmh b,fvdkrdw,fxifovJ ” OD;cspf[efu ol‹&J‹xHk;pHtwdkif; ya[Vdxkwfjyefvmw,f? usaemfu ol‹rsufESmudk armh=unfhaerdw,f? “armifausmfu &efukefudk ajcanmif;vufqef‹ c&D;xGufawmfrljyefwmcifAs? tJ'Dacwfu taumif;pm;ouUvwfOD;xkyfeJ‹ taumif;pm;t0wftpm;udk ±d_;usus0wfpm;qif,ifxm;wJhtjyif aps;}uD;ay;&wJh 'ef[;D aq;wHukd udu k v f ‹kd wchJ ifAs? &efuek b f w l m}uD;ra&mufcif ykZeG af wmifbw l mrSmwif aumufqif;vdu k +f yD; reuftapm}uD; a0vDa0vif;rSm tapm}uD;zGiahf ewJh vufzuf&nfqikd w f qdik w f iG ;f 0if+yD; taumif;pm;awGrmS +yD; yGaJ wmfwnfawmhwmayg?h tJ't D csed rf mS armifausm&f ‹J yu kH kd aumif;aumif; usurf +d yD; armifausm&f ‹J teH‹ &vd&k jim;vku d af ewJh ykvyd t f r_xrf;t&m&Sw d a,mufuvnf; tJ'q D ikd x f J a&mufaewmeJ‹ oGm;wd;k yga&m? tJ'rD mS wif vl}uD;vlaumif;*du k t f jynfeh ‹J armifausm[ f m “cifAsm;armif ausmfr[kwfvm;”qdk+yD; aumuftqGJcHvdkuf&awmhwmygyJ? tJ'Duae ol‹tr_wGJawGvnf;ay:+yD; axmifx0J if=u&awmhwmygy?J 'gah =umifh usaemfcw k ifuajymwmavæq&mav;pOf;pm;=unf/h 'gvnf; aus;Zl;tqyfcH&jcif;wrsKd;vdk‹yJ ajym&rvm;qdkwmav æ [J[J” OD;cspf[ef}uD;u w[J[J&,faeygawmhw,f?

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0if;wifx h eG ;f 40

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axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (5)

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41

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

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43

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45

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46

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0if;wifhxGef;

47

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; w&m;vdw k &m;cHawG&ŒJ xGuq f ckd suaf wGt& tr_a=umif; tr_omG ; tr_vm[m b,fvakd y:vGiaf ew,f/ pD&ifxHk;b,favmuf jyÏmef;csufb,f0gt& b,fvdk&Sdw,fqdkwmawGudk aoaocsmcsm em;axmif rSwfom;a,mifaqmif+yD;wJhaemuf w&m;ol}uD;avoHtjynfheJ@ pD&ifcsuftrdef@udk zwf=um;vdkufyHku awmh “u|Eyfk w f @kd w&m;ol}uD;tzG@J .pOf;pm;oH;k oyfrt _ & tr_rmS xif&mS ;ay:vGiaf eonfjzpfojzifh Oya' u rnfo@kd qakd pumrl axmif'%f(10)ESp”f [lowJ?h tJ'v D kd w&m;pD&ifa&;acwf}uD;twGi;f rSm usaemfw@kd vdk EdkifiHa&;r_rsKd;rsm;usawmh ‘cifarmifjrifh’wdk@vdkw&m;ol}uD;rsm;tzdk@ o±kyfaqmifaumif;aumif;eJ@ rysi;f r&dxikd w f wfz@kd omvdyk gw,f? axmufvrS ;f a&;u pDpOfne$ =f um;wJZh mwfne$ ;f twdik ;f óudwifcsrw S f ay;xm;wJah xmif'%fEpS u f mvudk w&m;a&;t=uHay;qdw k v hJ u l abmif0ifatmif=uHzefa&;ay;xm;wJh pD&ifcsufxJxnfhoGif;+yD; w&m;ol}uD;aveJ@ zwf=um;jyvdkufzdk@yJvdkygw,f? w&m;ol}uD; xdkifcHkjrifh}uD;ay:xdkif&if;/ ajcusif;oHwc|ifc|ifeJ@0ifvmwJh usaemfhqDvSrf;=unfh+yD; ðyH;vdu k w f hJ w&m;ol}uD;qdo k &l ŒJ tðyH;[m rJðh yH;}uD;jzpfygw,f? armifu h suo f a&acgi;f aygi;f udk cyfwnfwnf aygi;f xm;&if; acgi;f aygi;f pwvlvel @J o@l rsuEf mS [m qyfuyfxu J vljyufrsuEf mS vdv k /kd cyfnn hH Hh t+idrphf if wckay:u Áa¹ENeJeJav;rSr&vSwJh vljyufvufoifwa,muf&JŒrsufESmvdkvdk jzpfaew,f? wcgwcg usawmhvJ vSawmom;ajymajym&&if bDvl;rcsKdcsOfpkyfxm;wJhrsufESmrsKd;? rcsKdrcsOfjzpfaew,f? usaemfuvJ ajcusi;f oHukd ESpq f wd;k jrnfatmif ajcaxmufukd cyfaqmifah qmifeh if;&if; w&m;cHrsm; ae&muae ol@rsufESmudk cyfwnfwnf=unfhaevdkufw,f? tJ'v D ±kd ;kH xGuw f ikd ;f wyfqif&wJh ajcusi;f uawmh ±H;k wcgxw k f wcgyg? wcgwyf w&ufy=J umygw,f? reuf±;kH xGu&f &dS if naeóudwyfay; nrSwu kd cf ef;xJ ajcusi;f eJ@ae/ aemufae@±;kH xGuu f jyefvm&if ae@rul; cif jyefðzwfay;avh&w dS ,f? ðzwfawmhvJ xH;k pHtwdik ;f aycHak y:rSm? tðzwfu twyftcwfavmufr=um? usaemfw@kd wu kd x f J axmifx0J ifc&hJ +yD;umvtenf;i,ft=umrSmyJ axmufvrS ;f a&;rª;csKyf}uD; vef bm;wifO;D eJ@ ol@&ŒJ vuf&if;jynfxaJ &;0ef}uD;bdek w D @kd vJ olw@kd &ŒJ taz&if; Adv k af e0if;u &mZrmefawmf&+S yD; toH;k uHau|;ta&;t&mtm;vH;k ±kyo f rd ;f um aemufausmuae ajceJ@uefcsypfvu kd w f t hJ wGuf tif;pdef axmifxaJ &mufvmcJ&h ygw,f? wavsmufv;kH olwyg;tay: rw&m;ojzifh zrf;qD;&du k Ef u S n f O‡ ;f yef;vmcJh wJah umifawG olwyg;udo k m enf;trsK;d rsK;d eJ@tjypf&mS axmufvrS ;f +yD; axmifoiG ;f tusO;f csapvkyv f mcJh wJhaumifawG umv0dyguf aemufydk;wuf+yDav? usaemfw h @kd u Ak'[ < ;l ae@±;kH csed ;f wdik ;f wifO;D bdek w D @kd u =umoyaw;ae@±;kH csed ;f ? ±H;k xGu&f &m w&m;±H;k uvJ tif;pdefAl;0w&m;±Hk;rSmcsnf;? ta=umif;a=umif;a=umifh &ref}uD;a&$Œqdkif;vdkuf&wJh oDwif;ywf wywfrSm axmif0ifpmawG@cGifhay;awmh axmif0ifpmcef;uae axmif0ifpmxkyfav;qGJjyeftvmrSm axmufvSrf;a&;rª;csKyfa[mif; vefbm;wifOD;ac: rsufrSefwifOD;ac: tukodkvfwd&p>mef}uD;wifOD;udk trSwfrxifawG@vdkuf&ygw,f? olvJ axmif0ifpmcef;ujyefvmyHk&ygw,f? ol@ab;rSm axmifrª; wa,mufu ºuGyfºuGyftdwfudkqGJvdk@/ t&yf}uD;u uvefuvm;eJ@ t&ifwke;fuawmh axmifaxmif armif;armif; jynfhjynfhòzd;òzd;&Sdr,fhyHkoGif[m tckawmhvJ vydkif;twGif;rSmyJ usoGm;vdkufwm/ òydvJus awmhr,fh xef;yift}kd uD;wyifvykd gy?J rzD;roif r&dwrf n‡yb f x J m;wJt h wGuf qHyif*w k af xmuf&n S }f uD; wvlvel @J ouf}uD;vrf;ol&t J ykd akH yguaf ew,f? qHyifawGwvlvu l vJ jzLazG;ae+yD;jzpfwt hJ wGuf =umqH xkyf acgif;ay:&Gufxm;bdouJhodk@ jzpfaew,f? ykvif;zifydwfvdk rsufrSefxlxl}uD;u =umqHxkyf 54

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ajcusi;f acgi;f ay:wifxm;ovd&k w dS hJ ol@acgi;f eJ@ &ufpuf,w k rf mr_tjynfeh @J uvdeu f uspEf ikd v f eG ;f vSwhJ ol@rsuEf mS udk pnf;om;ay;xm;ovdk&Sdygw,f? vefbm;wifOD; rsufrSefwifOD; trftdkifwifOD;qdkwm 'DowW0g}uD; ygvm;? t&if olr;kd aumif;pOfwek ;f u Edik if aH &;orm;}u;D wOD;udk ud, k w f ikd 0f ifa&mufx;kd }uw d f uef ausmuf ±Hw k ifru eH±;kd awGay: ppfzed yfe@J wufcek cf w hJ ,fqw kd hJ bDv;l ,kw}f uD;yguvm;? b,favmuftxd wefc;kd xGm;cJo h vJq&kd if Edik if w H umhpme,fZif;wcsKŒd u Armjynf&ŒJ ‘wpfc’JG }uD;vd@k awmif uifyeG ;f wyfay;cJ&h ol ygvm;? ae0if;u wpf/ pef;,kuESpf/ wifOD;u oHk;r[kwf/ wpfeJ@ESpf=um;u‘wpfcGJ’qdk+yD;awmif trSwf onmðyjcif;cH&wJh owW0g}uD;? tckawmhvJ olwoufv;kH ol@taz}uD;&JŒ &mZmyv†iw f nfjrJa&;twGuf OD;aqG;qHjrnfh ,kwf,kwfuef;uef;tr_awmfxrf;cJhor# ol@taz}uD;u aemufqHk;qkvmbfawmfudk cs vdu k yf g+yD? ‘wpfc’JG vJ 'pfjyJ+yD; 0Éfi&J rSm t&Siv f wfvwfa&mufae&yg+yD? =unfah v-t&l;}uD;wa,muf vdk arSm&f ;l }uD;wa,mufv/kd pke;f wap>ua0um;awGxu J wmaw}uD;vdyk pkH rH sK;d eJ@ awG@or# tusO;f om; awGudk ðyH;jyaeav&JŒ? yg;pyfuvJ “ryleJ@/ r[m0dZ,bk&m;}uD; xD;awmfwif&if tukefvGwfrSm”vdk@ ajymaeav&JŒ? tusOf;om;awG&JŒonf;ajcóudufpum;udk ajymqdkaewmjzpfEdkifovdk/ ol@[mol =uHzef ar#mfudk;+yD; ol@udk,foltm;ay;ajzodrfh ar#mfvifhaeyHkrsKd;vJ jzpfEdkifygw,f? &,fcsifp&mvJ awmfawmf aumif;aygh? “wifOD;&JŒ ysm;a*[mvJ =uufa*[mjzpfoGm;+yDAsKdŒ/ wifOD;&JŒvuf±Hk;‘axmuf’awGvJ woD}uD; a'gufðzwfcHae&+yD/ ðywfwJhaumifðywf/ a&SŒwef;tydk@cH&wJhaumifcH&wJhAs” pwJh pwJh owif;awGvJ usaemfw@kd wu kd af wGxt J xd 0ifvmcJyh gw,f? wifO;D bdek w D @kd tr_weJG @J wqufwnf; r*dv k rf;uemrnf}uD; a&$qdkifydkif&SifwcsKd@vJ axmifxJ0ifvm&wm=um;ae&ygw,f? wifOD;bdkeDwdk@ tay:wyfay;xm;wJh yk'fr awGuvJ woD}uD;? w&uf ±H;k xGuaf jcusi;f cwfz@kd omG ;&pOfrmS awmh jynfxaJ &;0ef}u;D a[mif; axmufvrS ;f a&;rª;csKyf}u;D a[mif;OD;bdek D a&$rsu&f nfawmfuswt hJ a=umif;owif; ud, k af wG@ñuH&=um;&ygawmhw,f? ajcusi;f cwf ay;aeustusOf;om;u 0g'gtvpfrSm æ “ckwifu æ jynfxaJ &;0ef}uD;qdw k [ hJ m}uD;uawmh ajcusi;f pcwfawmh rsu&f nfawG awGawGe@J As” wJh? “[mæb,fhES,fa=umifh”usaemfuðyH;+yD;ar;rdw,f? “olvJ aemufr_xGuf&rSmav” “aemufr&_ &dS if ajcusi;f cwf&r,fqw kd m tJ'aD umif}uD;xkwcf w hJ t hJ rde@f yaJ væ ckawmh ud, k "hf m;eJ@ udk,f txdk;cHvdkuf&wmayghaemf/ awmfawmfoem;p&maumif;w,faemf/ u|wfæu|wf” usaemfu pkwo f yf+yD; [m;rdygw,f? “umv0dygwf aemufy;kd wuf”qdw k phJ um;udv k J t}udr}f udrf jyefowd&rd&if;/ rsu&f nfawG awGawGusaewJh jynfxaJ &;0ef}uD;qdw k o hJ wW0g}uD;&JŒ yktikd t hf ikd hf rsuEf mS }uD; udk ajy;ajy;jrifaerdygw,f? “'D bJ}u;D u rsu&f nfomuswmyg/ ol@wyfay;wJah jcusi;f qdw k mu cifAsm;wd@k vkd b,f[w k rf mS wke;f ? pykwfwHajcusif; vkyfay;xm;wmrsKd;yg? uav;ajcusif;urS eJeJav;tHk;r,fæ”wJh?

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; 3? ajcusi;f eJ@=um=umzl;pmqH&k awmhwmuawmh om,m0wDaxmifrmS yg? ajcusi;f wyfqifay;vdu k f wmuawmh tif;pdefaxmif}uD;uyg? wnaeapmif;avmufrmS bmrajym nmrajym usaemfw@kd emrnfawGac:xkwv f u kd +f y;D usaemfw@kd ukd ud, k f pDu, kd if S ajcusi;f awGwyfay;vdu k yf gw,f? tJ'aD e@nrSm tdyaf eustaqmifawmif usaemfw@kd awG udkrxm;awmhyJ/ (5)aqmifqdkwmay: cGJxm;vdkufygw,f? aemufae@axmifajymif;r,fæwJh? tJ'Dvdk enf;rsK;d eJ@ tif;pdeaf xmifu wyfay;vdu k w f ahJ jcusi;f awGe@J om,m0wDaxmifwu kd cf ef;xJ a&mufvmcJh &ygw,f? w&ufajcusi;f c|waf y;Ed;k Ed;k eJ@ vaygi;f tcsKŒd =um ajcusi;f eJ@EpS yf g;oGm;&awmhwb hJ 0 a&muf&yg awmhw,f? tJ'u D sawmhryS J ajcusi;f &JŒt&omudv k J wd;k wd;k odvm&ygawmhw,f? t*Fvyd af cwfu Edik if H a&;orm; ocifa[mif;}uD;wOD;[m axmift}udrf}udrfuscH&zl;+yD; axmifeJ@ywfouf+yD; pmtkyfwtkyf awmifa&;cJhzl;ao;xifyg&JŒ/ aumif;aumif;awmifrrSwfrdawmh? aumif;aumi;frSwfrdaewmu ol@ emrnfeJ@ ol@bGJ@xl;? “axmifht&om ocifat;=unf”wJh? axmifht&om cg;oD;emusifbG,faumif; oavmuf/ ajcusi;f t&omuvJ rke;f wD;atmhEv S ;kH embG,af umif;ygw,f? ajcusi;f t&om[m axmifh t&omxJu wckvdk@qdk&ifawmif axmifht&omu cg;cg;wl;wl;/ pl;pl;csOfcsOf/ ajcusif;t&omu pyfyl pyfavmif eHeHapmfapmf? ajcusi;f u [dw k ek ;f uvdk ±H;k xGuw f &uf 0wfajcusi;f r[kwaf wmhwhJ xdyq f ;kH u vufuikd u f iG ;f ESpcf u k kd yl;udkif+yD; oGm;vmv_yf&Sm;aevdk@ rjzpfawmh? ºuGyfºuGyftdwfa[mif;awGudk pepfwusqkwfjzJ+yD; ajcr =um;n‡yfum óud;&Snf&Snfav;wacsmif;jzpfatmif uspf&w,f? tJ'D ºuGyfºuGyftdwfjzpf óud;eJ@ oHuGif; =um;v#K+d yD;csn/f aemuf óud;pESpcf k cg;rSmywf+yD; taeawmftaetxm;twdik ;f acguw f eG @f tjrJcsnx f m; vdu k &f w,f? vufu udik zf @kd rvdak wmhbJ ajcusi;f qdik &f m 'Gg'&mawG[m ud, k ef @J twl yl;wGu J yfyg ,SOaf e +y;D om; jzpfomG ;w,f? vufEpS zf ufv;kH [m vGwv f w G u f |wu f |wf v_y&f mS ;Edik w f t hJ aetxm;rsKd ; jzpfvmcJh w,f? axmifxJuae &JbufxkwfcH&wJh tusOf;om;rSefor# tJ'Dtaetxm;twdkif;awGcsnf; jzpfyg w,f/ ajcusif;cwfxm;cH&wJhtwGuf ajcaxmufuawmh oGufoGufvufvufroGm;vmEdkif? ajcusif; a=umifh toGm;tvmaES;auG;&±Hrk u/ ajcusi;f wefqm'Gg'&mawG&ŒJ ESpyf \ d mcGo J ;kH yd\mavmuftav; a=umifhvJ vlwudk,fvHk; txl;ojzifhatmufydkif;wydkif;vHk; cJqGJcHxm;&ovdk jzpf+yD; tjrJwrf;aES;auG; av;vHae&awmhw,f? ajcusif;oHuawmh xHk;pHtwdkif; wc|ifc|ifaygh? ajcusi;f tusO;f om;tkypf w k pkavmuf 0ifxu G o f mG ;vmae+yDq&kd if cavmufawG jcLawG tjynfh qGJay;xm;wJh u|JtkyfEGm;tkyf}uD;wtkyfavmuf vSnfhvSnfhoGm;vmaeovdkrsKd;ygyJ? toHyvHawG[m qlnHpifxGufaeawmhw,f? a&mufae&wJhb0ykHoGif[m rn‡mwrf;pum;vHk;ra&G;bJ cdkif;E_dif; ajymqdk& r,fq&kd if wu,fu h kd vlom;wd&p>mef tkypf }k uD;wpkvykd gy?J vlom;awGukd wd&p>mefyrm ðyxm;wmygy?J EGm;awGudk ESmzm;óud;wyfay;xm;ovdk jrif;awGudk yg;csyfwyfay;xm;ovdk/ qifawGudk xl;cwfay; xm;ovdk/ vlom;pifppfawGudk ajcusif;wyfay;xm;wm ygyJ? ajcusif;[m tifrwef±dkif;ysr_&JŒ trSwftom;jzpfovdk/ zdESdyfolawG&JŒ vufoHk;/ zdESdyfn‡Of;yef;a&; 56

0if;wifhxGef;

ajcusi;f wefqmyvmwck/ tifrwefrkef;wD;pufqkyfp&mypPnf;wckyJ? 'DypPnf;[m udkvdkeDacwfuvJ&SdcJhovdk ya'o&mZfacwfuvJ &SdcJhw,f? aus;ydkifu|efydkifacwfuvJ &SdcJhwmyJ? =unfhyghvm;? pyg;wm;uyfwdk@ acwfuvJ ajcusi;f eJ@ oHuiG ;f qufaESmifóu;d }u;D eJ@y?J 'Dajcusi;f eJ@ oHaESmifóu;d udk t+y;D wdik cf sK;d zsuzf @kd qw kd m tkyfpdk;olvl,kwfrmawGudk z,f&Sm;ypfEdkifrSyJ atmifjrifr,fhudpPav? “aESmifóud;udk 'd@k vuf±;kH eJ@ csK;d zsuaf v”wJ?h tifwmae&Sief ,focD si;f }uD;xJu oDcsi;f aw;oGm;wyd'k f [m ajcusif;cwfoHóud;wJhay;xm;jcif;cH&ol&JŒ &ifxJajy;ajy;0ifvmjyefw,f? ajcusif;eJ@oHóud;udk rcsKd;zsufypfEdkifao;cifrSmawmh udk,fhajcaxmufudk udk,foabmrwlygyJ vm cwfay;xm;wJh ajcusi;f eJ@ou H iG ;f awGukd wcgwcgjyefjyef*±kpu kd af e&wJb h 0avmuf a=uuGpJ &maumif; wm&Syd gao;&JŒvm;? ud, k rf ek ;f wD;&G&H mS vSwhJ olwkd *±kwpdu k f ,k,ðypkae&wJt h jzpfrsK;d av? ud, k u hf kd ae@pOf tcgrvyf 'kuQay;aewJholudk 'kuQay;r_oufomatmif acsmharmhae&ovdkrsKd;av? ajcusi;f eJ@ou H iG ;f awGukd ºuGyºf uGyt f w d pf w k pf wcke@J r=umr=um wdu k cf |wyf w G o f yfay;ae&jyefw,f? wcgw&H a&csKd;cs/ *efzvm;csawGrSm trSwfrxifaumuf,l&&Sdavh&SdwJh tkwfeDcJyJhao;ao;av; 'grS r[kwf ausmufp &pfcaJ o;ao;av;eJ@vJ ajcusi;f twGi;f tjyifay: oHóud;uGi;f quftwGi;f tjyifay:u txyfxyfwufaewJh oHacs; oHn‡d oHr_H oHppGef;av;awGudk wdkufc|wfay;ae&w,f?

'Davmufwu kd cf |wf yGwo f yfay;ae&wJ=h um;xJuawmifajcusi;f 0wfywfywfvnfwckv;kH [m ESi;f cl rJr}J uD;pGaJ eovdk jzpfaew,f? ud, k ahf jcaxmuf ud, k jf yefjrif&wmawmif rowDp&m? ajcusi;f 0wf&um pqd&k if ajcusi;f pGe;f oHaZmif;&Sxm;wJh '%f&m'%fcsuaf wGyvAGe@J ajcusi;f 0wfEpS cf v k ;kH [m zl;a&mifnKd udkif;+yD; oajyoD;rSnfha&mifxvdk@? aemufawmh oHqdyfoifhaewJh '%f&mawG[m +yDawGwpdkpdk ,ifawG wtHt k jkH zpfvmw,f? cufwmu vlrqefwhJ acG;wd&p>mefw@kd &ŒJ axmifwiG ;f pnf;urf;Oya'qdw k mawGu '%f&moufomatmif ajcusif;0wfudk t0wfav; ºuGyfºuGyftdwfpav;bmav; ywfxm;umuG,f pnf;aESmifxm;vdk@vJr&? ajcusif;uGif;udk t0wfywfxm; cGifhvJr&Sd? =uHzefta=umif;jycsufuawmh ajcusi;f uGi;f av;Apfukd ðywfatmifvyk x f m;+yD; t0wfe@J ywfxm; pD;xm; b,fEh , S v hf yk rf vJæwJ?h rw&m; npfywfpw k yf w hJ hJ tkypf ;kd ole@J tyfp;kd ol&ŒJ tm%myg;uGuo f m;awGrmS aumuf aumufuspu f spf qifajc qifvufay;p&mawGu tjrJwef;tjynf?h iHyad v;eJeyJ g;yg; yd, k o l rd ;f xm;&if jy\emvkycf si&f if qifajc ay;ajymwwfwmu oHwikd &f if; iHyyd x kH m;+yD; oHwikd jf ywfatmifvyk f b,fEh , S v f yk rf vJæ wJ?h axmifwiG ;f wdkufwGif;u tcdkiftcef@oHwdkifudk iHydyHkjzwf+yD; axmifuxGufajy;cJhzl;wJhvl b,fESpfa,mufrsm;&SdcJhzl; ovJ? =uH=uHzefzef ,kwf,kwfrmrmqifajcay;+yD; tjrJwef; zdESdyfn‡Of;yef;zdk@ tuGufcspOf;pm;aewwfwJh aumifrsKd;awGæ? wcgwcg ajcusif;oHacsmif;tay:qHk; vufudkifuGif;=um;v#Kd+yD; cg;rSmywfxm;&wJh ºuyG ºf uyG t f w d pf vkyf óu;d ao;ao;av;udak wmif odr;f csiv f modr;f wwfjyefao;w,f? ta=umif;jycsuu f 'Dóud;udktoHk;ðy+yD; udk,hfvnfyif; udk,fpGyf aoa=umif;=uHpnf&if b,fhES,fvkyfrvJæwJh? at;æ 'dk@u udk,fhudk,fudkawmh b,fawmhrSowfraobl;/ rif;wdk@udkom owfypfcsifwmvdk@/ 'if;wdk@rsufESmaphaph =unfh+yD; ajymvdkufcsifwmrS v#mudk,m;vdk@? ajcusi;f &JŒ'kuu Q tdyw f t hJ cgvJ awmfawmfuoduatmufjzpf&jyefw,f? oGm;vmaerS wc|icf |if jrnfwwfwmr[kw?f 'l;av;tauG;vdu k f ajcaxmufav;tvSnv hf u kd f ud, k af v;trSww f rJh tapmif; 0if;wifhxGef;

57

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; vdkufrSmvJ wc|ifc|ifjrnfjyefw,f? &Hzef&Hcg vef@vef@awmif Edk;rdw,f? bmoHvJaygh? wu,fu udk,fh ajcaxmufay:u ajcusif;oH? wayeD;yg; oHacsmif;vHk;}uD;ESpfcku aygif=um;u zGm;bufawmfudk uvef@+yD; n‡yo f wfypfovdrk jzpf&atmif 'grrS [kwf wH;k armif;acguv f u kd o f vdk rjzpf&atmifvJ tdycf ge;D tawmf owdxm;&w,f? ajcusif;óud;pudk av#mh/ oHacsmif;ESpfacsmif;udk ykqdk;pay:rSmwif 'l;avmuf a&mufatmifwGef;+yD;rS tdyf&w,f? aqmif;nawGuawmh tqd;k qH;k ayg?h uav;xkyw f hJ tES;D purS ydx k al umif; xlEikd af o;wJh apmifyg;yg; av;rsK;d eJ@tyd &f wJt h xJ ajcusi;f uGi;f uoH/ oHacsmif;u oHawGe@J &Hzef&cH g xdawG@vu kd &f wJh tom;ta& [m pdrfhceJ pdrfh ceJ at;puf usifwufoGm;&ygw,f? a&cJacsmif;eJ@ vmxdvdkufovdkygyJ? armvsyifyef; vGef;vSayrJh tdyfr&wJhnaygif;rsm;pGm=um; rvSrytdyfrufqdk;awGeJ@csnf; &ifqdkifae&ygw,f? oHajcusif;eJ@ oHuGif;awGudk=unfh&if;=unfh&if;u pl;pl;&S&Srkef;wD;vmw,f? usaemfrh suaf phxrJ mS oHajcusi;f [m i&JacG;}uD;waumif&ŒJ tusn;f wef yg;pyfjyJjyJ}uD;wayguf jzpf aew,f? 'Diwf}uD;us i&JacG;}uD;&JŒyg;pyfayguu f usaemfah jcaxmufukd tirf;r&udu k if x kH m;w,f? ol@&ŒJ tpG,fESpfckeJ@ ajcaxmufudk r=umr=umukwfjcpfudkufzJhwwfao;w,f? tJ'Di&JacG;}uD;udk usaemfhqD v$wfvdkufwJh vuf&SdacG;ydkif&Sifuawmh ol@udk,fol‘tpdk;&’vdk@ aºuG;a=umfaewJh taumif}uD;ygyJ? oHuGif;qufawGuawmh a¹rGayG;waumif&JŒausmay:u tuGuftuGufawGygyJ? 'D a¹rGayG;uvJ usaemfhudk,fay: tqdyfcdk;awG tqufrjywfr_wfxkwfaew,f?

'D i&JacG;ESpaf umif&ŒJ yg;pyfukd ±du k jf zJypf+yD; a¹rGayG;ausmjyifukd EkwEf w k pf if;ypfvu kd cf sio f vdk 'DacG;eJ@ a¹rGayG;ydkif&SifudkvJ t0DpdwoufvHk;ydk@xm;vdkufcsifpdwfawG wzGm;zGm;ay:vmw,f? olw@kd &ŒJ pkwyf n hJ pfywfre_ @J wefatmif/ ud, k v f J jyefru kd ±f ikd ;f wk@H jyef&r,fq&kd if/ ud, k af wmif vl,w k rf m jzpfoGm;Edkifw,f? owdxm; owdxm;vdk@ udk,fhudk,fudk jyefqHk;rae&w,f? acG;ESpfaumifyg;pyfudk ±dkufjzJypfcsifaewJh=um;u ol@yg;pyfudk oGm;wdkufay;ae&jyefw,f? a¹rGayG; uGuaf usmudk xkEu S yf pfcsi&f ufom;u yGww f u kd af usmoyfay;ae&jyefw,f? awmfawmfukd a=uuGpJ &m aumif;vSygw,f? “aumif;aumif;wdu k /f aumif;aumif;wdu k /f ajcusi;f u tae=um&if oHqyd o f if+h yD; ae0if&w D a&m rSm bmrS=unfv h @kd rjrif&wJh tajctaea&mufwwfw,f? =uufrsuo f ifw h hJ rsuaf phvkd jzpfomG ;wwfw,f wJh” b0wl ajcusif;&Jabmf}uD;u ðyH;ppeJ@ajym&if; olvJ ol@ajcusif; olwdkufae&Smw,f? “ud, k o hf rD;yg;av;awmif 'Davmuf,, k , k ,yGwo f yf ray;zl;ygb;l ? ckrS ud, k chf wfxm;wJh ajcusi;f udk,fjyef,k,aevdkuf&yHkrsm;æ”&Jabmf}uD;&JŒ ememusifusif qufvufajymaeoHudk em;axmif&if; wHawG;udk }udwfrsKdcsaerdjyefw,f? Ò 0if;wifhxGef;

58

0if;wifhxGef;

axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (7)

0if;wifhxGef;

59

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

5 wdu k /f tcef; 22 0if;wifx h eG ;f 1? wdu k w f iG ;f b0rSm vle@J oel @J rsm;rsm;pm;pm;pkaygi;f +yD; aexdik cf iG &hf wm odyrf =umvSao;? usaemf&h ŒJ wdkufwGif;b0[m wudk,fawmfjzwfoef;cJh&r_awGu trsm;qHk;? tif;pdefaxmif ptydk@cH&puvJ wa,mufwnf;aecJh&ovdk/ (6)wdkufxJavmufudkufcH&csdefwkef;uvJ wa,mufwnf;? (6)wdkufxJ 4-v eD;yg;pHjref;cJh&+yD; ref;aiGatmifwdk@&JŒ toHv$ifh±HkvSrf;xkwJhtjzpftysuf}uD;ay:aygufvmcJh&csdef/ tJ't D jzpftysu}f uD;xJu ta&;}uD;Zmwfaqmif wl;yDuv kd m;/ &pfcswu f v kd m; wOD;OD;udk tqd;k qH;k tcef; rSmxm;+yD; n‡Of;yef;ESdyfpufzdk@vdktyfvmcsdefrSm usaemfhtcef;[m tqdk;qHk;avmufcef;jzpfwJhtwGuf usaemfhudk n}uD;ta&;w}uD;a&$Œajymif;ay;chJ=uvdk@ rqvwdkufac: wdkufopfudka&muf&awmhvJ wa,mufwnf;? wdu k o f pfrmS ESpyf wfavmufae&+yD; aemufrS usaemf(5)wdu k jf yefa&mufvm&+yD; vle@J oel @J aecGi&hf vmw,f? aemufqHk;w&m;pGJqdk ±Hk;xkwfawmhwJhtcsdefavmufa&mufrS vleJ@oleJ@wifru pnfpnfum; um;odkufodkuf òrdufòrduf}uD;awmif aecGifhñuHvmw,f? wdkufcef;av;wcef;wnf;rSm (5)a,muf}uD; rsm;awmif?

5 wdkuf tcef;eHygwf(22) usaemfwdk@tcef;[m 5-wdkufrSm tpGef;qHk;tcef;? usaemfwdk@tcef;&JŒtpGef;qHk; wqufwnf; tkww f w H ikd ;f ab;rSm rvG,w f cH g;ayguaf v;wck&w dS ,f? tjrJwrf;ydwx f m;avh&w dS ,f? 'DwcH g;ayguaf v; [m óud;pifudkoGm;wJh wHcg;ayguf? 'DwHcg;&JŒtjcm;bufwbufrSm óud;pif&SdwJh0if;?

0g'gawG&JŒtqdkt&/ [dk;æ wcsdefu óud;'%fcsrSwfxm;jcif;cH&wJhóud;orm;[m óud;'%fpD&ifcH&zdk@ wjznf;jznf;eD;vmcsed rf mS aemufq;kH rSm 'Dtcef;eHygw(f 22)xJa&muf&v dS m&owJ?h óud;orm;&JŒaemufq;kH n[m 'Dtcef;(22)xJrSm jzpfowJh? 'DbufacwfrSmawmh tJ'Dvdkr[kwfawmh?

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5 wkduf/ tcef; 22 pm;awG a y;raeeJ @ Asm”vd k @ tjrJ w rf ; uef @ uG u f w wf w ,f ? ay;wJ h t wG u f v J rausreyf jzpfjzpfaewwfw,f? udk&JxGwfuawmh ðyH;ðyH;}uD;ae&if;æ “uAsmq&m&m/ 'DtaumifawGudk olawmif;pm;awGvdk@yJoabmxm;vdkufygAsm/ 'grSr[kwfvJ ud, k u f vJ jyeftoH;k csvu kd af ygAh sm? Oyrm-aq;vdyv f mawmif;vd@k EpS v f yd af y;vdu k &f w,fAsm? tJ'ahD umif *sLwDae@a&csK;d csay;w,fq&kd if/ cGuw f cGuef @J (7)cGucf sK;d cdik ;f &if cyfjrefjref ESpcf u G o f ;kH cGuq f if+h yD; q,fcu G f avmufcsK;d ypfvu kd Af sm? aq;vdyEf pS v f yd pf eG @f =uJxm;vd@k r=umr=um a&ESpcf u G o f ;kH cGuyf ckd sK;d vdu k &f &if rwef bl;vm;Asm? wefygw,f? udk,fhqD aq;vdyfvmawmif;zl;awmh oluvJrjrifcsifa,mif aqmifaerSmyg/ oa[mufo[mawmhrvkyfawmhbl;aygh uAsmq&m&m”vdk@ acsmhacsmharmharmh azsmifhzswwfw,f? “cifAsm;[m b,f[w k rf vJAs/ tJ'v D q kd &kd if axmifxv J ikd ;f 0if+yD;taeacsmifatmif vkyw f myJ/ aiGe@J 0,f+yD;ay;+yD; toH;k cswmyJv@kd ajymrvm;? vkyo f ifw h [ hJ myJv@kd t"dym` ,fxu G o f mG ;rSmayg?h pD;yGm;a&;orm; pOf;pm;ovdkrsKd; EdkifiHa&;orm;u pOf;pm;vdk@jzpfrvm;As? 'goabmxm;udpP &yfwnfcsufudpPAs” vdk@ usaemfuajymawmh oluawmh ol@x;kH pHtwdik ;f ðyH;ðyH;}uD ;+idraf ewwfw,f? “cifAsm;u w,fjyif;xefwm udk; uAsmq&m&m”vd@kvJ av#mhcswwfw,f? “a,mufz&æ a,mufzavmufawmh udk,fwdk@u b,frdkuf&Jyghrvm;/ wcgwcg eJeJyg;yg;vJ aysmh aysmhaysmif;aysmif;av;vkyfyga,mufz&m”vdk@ udkodef;jrifhuvJ acsmharmhajymqdkwwfw,f? usaemfhrSm rtDrv,f}uD;eJ@yJ aevdkuf&awmhw,f? olwdk@tay: twdkuftcHtjyif;txef rajym&ufawmh? udkodef;jrifheJ@usaemfu wcgw&H ‘a,mufz’ vdk@ ac:wwf ajymwwfw,f? usaemfu vlysKd/ olu rdef;r&Sd±Hkru orD;av;awmif&Sdae+yDqdkawmh emcsif;emoluyJ em&rSm/ remwJhtjyif olu “'DvdkvlrsKd; a,mufzawmf&rSm a=umufawmh a=umufp&myJ/ ud, k n fh rD axmife@J trd f ul;csno f ef;csncf snhf ae&rSm uHqdk;&if rkqdk;rawmif jzpfEdkifw,f” vdk@ajym&if; &,farmaewwfjyefw,f? wa,muftay:wa,muf wGuu f yfrr_ &S/d cspcf spcf ifcif =uif=uifememae=uayr,fh usaemfw@kd rmS OD;av;OD;xGef;&Sdefryg pnf;urf;wckvkyfxm;wmawmh&Sdw,f? tJ'gu oef@&Sif;a&;twGufvJjzpf udk,fh udk,fudk tavhtusifhvJjzpfapEdkifwJh pnf;urf;? acs;,dka&;qdkif&m pnf;urf;? usaemfwdk@(5)a,mufcef;jzpfwJhtwGuf *efzvm;(3)vHk;&w,f? ESpfvHk;u ao;twGuf/ wvHk;u acs;twGuf? axmifxJrSm acs;eJ@ao;a&m+yD; ygvdk@&wmr[kwf? acs;oyfoyf ao;oyfoyf? wdkufxJrSm reufapmapmwef;zGifh+yD;wmeJ@ *efzvm;cszGifhavh&Sdw,f? zGifhawmhvJ tcef;awGtm;vHk;pkðyH zGifhwm r[kw?f “zsmaxmif aemufvn S hf wef;pDxm;” qd+k y;D rS wcef;csi;f zGiw hf m? wcgw&Hawmh [dzk ufxyd w f cef; onfzufxyd w f cef; ESpcf ef;wGJ zGiahf y;wmrsK;d vJ&ydS gw,f? acs;oGef ao;oGe/f oGe+f yD;*efzvm;udk a&ESpcf u G f avmufe@J t+yD;tjywfaq;+yD; ud, k t hf cef;ud, k f 0if&wm? ay;xm;wJah omufa&td;k twGuf aomufa& cyfzdk@udkvJ 'D*efzvm;cstwGif;rSmyJ tajy;tv$m;vkyf&wm? wcef; ig;rdepfajcmufrdepfavmufyJ =um r,f? wrmefrmefwrJrJeJ@ tjrefqHk;+yD;atmiftvkyfcdkif;wwfwm? tJ'D ig;rdepfajcmufrdepfavmufav; twGi;f rSmyJ usaemfw@kd rmS vJ ajrjyifajcwifciG &hf awmhwm? wae@v;kH avSmifcsKid x hf u J iSuif ,fav;awGvkd wdu k cf ef;xJrmS csn;f aeae=u&wm? pma&;q&m}uD; vlxOk ;D vS&ŒJ “avSmifcsKd ifx h u J iSuif ,frsm;” qdw k hJ axmifpmtkyfacgif;pOfudk jyefvnfowd&csifp&m}uD;aygh? *efzvm;oH;k vH;k udk wa,mufwvH;k pDuikd /f *efzvm;cs aq;a=umudpt P m;vH;k wa,mufpD wm0ef 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; ,l? wa,mufuawmh aomufa&tdk;wm0ef? usefwa,mufu tulaygh? tJ'D tulwm0efae&m a&mufaewJo h u l [kad jy;vdu k o f nfajy;vdu k ef @J use;f rma&;avhusichf ef;vky+f yD;om;vJjzpfomG ;ovd/k zsm axmifxm;wJh wjcm;tcef;awG=um;xJu vpf&ifvpfovdk rwfwyf&yfjywm toHw;kd wd;k eJ@vrS ;f pum; ajymvdkufwmawGudkvJ tuif;yg;yg;eJ@rSwfom;=unfhjrif+yD; qufoG,fa&;wm0efudkyg ,l&oljzpfoGm; w,f? vG,fvG,fululawmhr[kwf? usD;uefrsufaphvdk rsufapha'gufaxmuf+yD; vSrf;=unfhaewwfavh &SdwJh 0g'gwm0efus=um;xJuae tajctae=unfh v_yf&Sm;&wmrsKd;? usaemfw@kd u OD;av;OD;xGe;f&edS u f kd acs;ao;*efzvm;tudik rf cdik ;f awmhbJ aomufa&td;k wm0efuo kd m ay;xm;vdkuf=uw,f/ acs;ao;*efzvm;rSmvJ acs;*efzvm;u tqdk;qHk;? eHvJeH/ zdwfrusatmifvJ *±kpu kd &f / aq;&awmhvJ vuf0ifw,f? vufe@J awmh aq;wmr[kw/f ajcaxmufe@J yJ ar$cwfaq;a=um& wmjzpfayr,fh ao;*efzvm;vdk a[mceJoeG f a[mceJ a&avmif;aq;vdu k v f @kd vG,v f , G ef @J +y;D wmr[kw?f 'Dawmh usaemfwdk@u acs;ao;qdkif&m *efzvm;pnf;urf;csufudk csrSwfxm;vdkuf=uw,f/ eHygwf(1) *efzvm;cs+yD;wJhaemuf usef;rma&;raumif;olrSty b,folrS acs;r,dka&;? 'grS wae@vHk;tcef;xJrSm acs;eH@uif;pifaeEdik rf ,f? pnf;urf;ysu+f yD;acs;,drk w d o hJ l ud, k zhf ifu, kd f tavhtusirhf vkyEf ikd b f J xde;f csKyf Edik pf rG ;f eJo[ l m aemufae@ acs;*efzvm;cs wm0ef,&l r,f? eHygwf (2) *efzvm;cscsed t f rD acs;,dEk ikd rf c_ si;f zifpnf;urf;vdkufemEdkifr_csif;wlw,fqdk&if aemufqHk;acs;ygwJholu acs;*efzvm;cswm0ef,l&r,f? n (12) em&Daemufydkif;uae reuf*efzvm;cscsdef (trsm;tm;jzifh (7)em&DcGJ (8)em&DtwGif;) acs;,dkjcif; udpP t+yD;tjywfaqmif&u G x f m;=ua=u; pnf;urf;csujf zpfygw,f? rsuaf phtusihf 0rf;tcsiq hf w kd Jh pum; twdkif; usaemfwdk@rSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh udk,fhpnf;urf;csufeJ@tnD atmifjrifpGm taumiftxnf azmfEdkifcJh=uygw,f/ tusifhjzpfoGm;cJh=uygw,f? aemufqHk;acs;ygolrjzpfatmiftwGuf reufrvif;cif tapm}uD;xx+yD; *efzvm;ay: um;,m; }uD;cG acs;ygwwfoluawmh udkodef;jrifh jzpfygw,f? tapm}uD;ygoljzpfawmh toef@&Sif;qHk;yg&ol? “tif;æ us;D uef;awmif acs;rpm;ao;bl;/ a,mufzuawmh acs;yg+yD;+yD”vd@k usaemfup&if olu ðyH;ðyH;}uD; oabmusaewwfw,f? wcgw&H ud&k x J u G }f uD;u ol@t&ifyg+yD;om;jzpfae&if“tif; æ 'Dae@ awmh noef;aumifausmu f wnf;u b,fcseyf , D u H iG ;f zGiyhf v JG yk o f mG ;ovJrodb;l ” vd@k ðyH;+yD; nnf;wJh tcg udk&JxGwfu ðyH;vdk@? rsm;aomtm;jzifh acs;*efzvm;wm0ef[m udkvSa&$eJ@ usaemfygyJ? 2?

'Dae@u ±Hk;xGufae@? reuftapm}uD;uwnf;u udk&JxGwf[m *k%fawmfykwD;wywf pdyf+yD;oGm;+yD? ±Hk;xGufae@rdk@ a&csKd;cGifhyg&wJhtwGuf *efzvm;cs&if; a&vJcsKd;+yD;=u+yD? “udkif;æ OD;av;/ 'Dae@uawmh vufuseftjywf&Sif;yJ/ &Sdwmtukefpm;=updk@” udkvSa&$toHuvJ wufºuGrt _ jynf?h OD;xGe;f &Sed u f ae@pOfpm;aomuf+yD;vd@k wwdwad vsmyh g;vm&+yD; zifuyfomomyJ usef awmhwJh ºuGyfºuGyftdwfydefydefav;ESpftdwfudk qGJcsvmw,f? tdwfoGefzmarSmuf tukefxkwf+yD; cGJwrf; 64

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5 wkduf/ tcef; 22 csvdkufawmh rkef@ºuGyfu wa,mufwck/ yJ}uD;avSmfu taphESpfq,fpDcef@/ xef;vsufu oHk;cJpD? 'g æ reuftapmpm? “ w&m;±Hk;a&mufrS rdef;r,lvm+yD;cGH@au|;r,fh tpm;taomufaumif;aumif;udk twdk;cs+yD; pm;cJhawmh a,mufza& ” usaemfu udkodef;jrifhudk uvdw,f? “ rde;f ru vmrvmrodygb;l a,mufz&m tarawmhvmrSmyJ/ rde;f rvmr,ft h ywf tarrvmcJeh @J / em;vdkufygajymvJ taruawmhvmrSmyJ ” “ at;av tarqdkwm rdcifudk;? 'ga=umifh om;av;uvJ vdrRmvdkufwm? tdrfu cufcufcJcJ yd@k ay;vdu k w f "hJ mwfyEkH pS yf rkH mS tareJ@tazyHu k kd acgi;f &if;rSmawmhxm;yg&ŒJ / 'gayr,fh ae@wikd ;f wae@t}udrf w&mavmufxkwfxkwf=unfhaewmu rdef;reJ@orD;yHkyJav” vdk@ usaemfu xyfaemufrdawmh/ “[m a,mufz&m”qdk+yD; udkodef;jrifh idkifusoGm;w,f? “uAsmq&m æ cifAsm;u rdefrr&Sd &nf;pm;r&Sd óudufr,fholr&Sdawmh 'gawGem;rvnfbl;av? rde;f rvm&if b,favmuf tpm;taomufaumif;awG ,lvm+yD;au|;au|; odypf m;jzpfwmr[kwb f ;l ? rde;f rrsuEf mS =unfh vufuav;udik +f yD; [dpk um;'Dpum;ajymae&wmeJ@yJ tpm;taomufpm;csed rf &vdu k f awmhb;l arhomG ;a&mAs” ud&k x J w G u f rsurf eS }f uD;=um;uae 0if;vufaewJh rsuaf phtpHek @J ajymvmw,f? “ckvdktcsdefrSm [dkzufxdyfubdkaX;qdk&if qyfjymar$;wdkufxm;+yD; rajymifhwajymif rpifhwpifcsKd; xm;&wJh a&pdkudk,f}uD;udk bmt0wfeJ@rSrokwfypfbJ aea&mifatmuf ikwfwkwfxdkif&if; tajcmufcH aeavmuf+yD” udk&JxGwfu &,f+yD;ajymvmw,f? “bmvdk@wkef;”usaemfu em;rvnfpGm jyefar;rdw,f? “'Dvadk v/ usaemfu bdak X;eJ@[w kd ek ;f u wcef;wnf;ae&zl;awmh twGi;f odAs? ±H;k xGu&f uf a&csK;d cs vJ&vdk@ a&csKd;&wdkif; bdkaX;tJ'DvdkaewmawG@awmh ar;=unfhrdw,f? bdkaX; rif;a&awGokwfypfæ awmf =um tat;rdaetHk;r,fajymrdawmh oluðyH;+yD; rvkyfygeJ@Asmæ usaemfar$;qyfjymawG trsm;}uD;wdkuf xm;&wmygw?hJ usaemfvJ ±kww f &uf oabmraygub f ;l ? aemuf olu qufajymw,f? okwyf pfvu kd f &if tar$;eH@awGaysmufomG ;rSmayg?h ckæ 'Dtwdik ;f ol@[mol tajcmufcaH evdu k af wmh wud, k v f ;kH tar$; eH@omu pdrfh+yD;pGJ+yD;usefchJw,f? tJ'g rdef;reJ@awG@awmh axmifapmfreHawmhyJ ar$;aewmayghAsmæwJh/ usaemfhrdef;ru tar$;eH@om odyfóudufwmæwJh” usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;ðyH;vdkufrd=uw,f/ “tJ'Dvdkaumifæ bdkaX;qdkwJhtaumif =uH=uHzefzef usifh=uHwwfyHkrsm;æ” udk&JxGwfu tm;&yg;&ajym+yD; w[J[J&,fw,f? “bdak X;uawmh uav;omomAsm/ toufuvJi,fao; tdraf xmifuvJuscgp cGv J m&&Smw,f? wcsKd@rsm; toufuvJ}uD;+yD/ om;orD;awmifESpfa,muf&vdk@ tdrfaxmifoufawmif&vS+yD? bdkaX;xufawmif cspfwwfao; odyftEkynmqefwm odyfuAsmqefwmAs” usaemfuðyH;+yD; pvdkufawmhæ “uAsmq&mæ b,fol@ajymwmvJAs”vdk@ udkodef;jrifhu oGufoGuf}uD;ar;w,f?

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; “[m cifAsm;uvJ wcef;wnf;ae+yD; rodbl;vm;Asm” usaemfu pum;udk csKdxm;vdkufw,f? udk&JxGwfu ðyH;ðyH;}uD;vkyfaew,f? “'Dae@[m vufudkify0gvJae@av” usaemfu pum;pudk xyf+yD;qufvdkufawmh udk&JxGwfu [uf[ufyufyuf &,fw,f? +yD;awmh &Suðf y;H }u;D eJ@ajymvdu k af o;w,f?“usLyfv#LŒd 0Sucf suaf wGawmh tukeaf y:ukeyf g+y”D wJ?h ol@tjzpfu 'Dvæ kd ol@rmS tjrJwef; vufuikd yf 0k gav; wxnf&adS ewwfw,f? vufuikd yf 0k gu rde;f rudik v f ufuikd yf 0k g? wcgeJ@wcg ±Hk;xGufwywfeJ@wywf=um; vufudkifyk0gav;awG[m ta&mifrwlovkd vufudkifyk0gay: 'DZikd ;f av;awG±yk yf akH v;awG[mvJ rwlwwf/ tjrJajymif;ajymif;aewwfw,f? tm;vH;k [m vSvyS yav; awGcsnf;ygyJ? reufapmapm bk&m;&Scd ;kd ykw;D pdy+f yD;&if use;f rma&;avhusichf ef;vkyaf vh&w dS ,f? ckeq f cG ek q f v G yk w f m 'du k x f ;kd wm rwfrwf&yf&mu wjznf;jznf;ud, k u f kd n$w+f yD; vufzsm;eJ@ajczsm;xdwm cg;avhusichf ef;vkyf wm pojzifh pojzifh rsK;d udpk v kH @kd ygy?J q&m0efra,musmf ;jzpfwu hJ &kd x J w G u f use;f rma&;udt k av;xm;+yD; avhusifhcef;rSefrSefvkyfavh&SdwmeJ@tòydif udk,fudk,fwdkifq&m0efjzpfwJh a,mufz}uD;udkodef;jrifh[mvJ avhusichf ef;rSerf eS }f uD; vkyw f wfoyl g? OD;av;OD;xGe;f&edS u f awmh cg;avhusichf ef;av; acgi;f avhusichf ef;av; avmufygy?J avhusichf ef;aumif;aumif;vkyaf vhr&Sw d mu usaemfe@J udv k aS &$ygy?J udo k ed ;f jrifu h ol@[mol avhusifhcef;vkyf±HkeJ@tm;r& usaemfhudkyg twif;qGJxl+yD; “a,mufz vmvm avhusifhcef;vkyf&atmif/ 'DxrJ mS use;f rma&; ta&;}uD;w,f”ajym&if; rvkyv f yk af tmif wGe;f tm;ay;cdik ;f apwmrsK;d r=umc%vkyf wwfw,f? ol@pdwfapwemudkem;vnfayr,fh usaemfu cyfysif;ysif;/ +yD;awmh olwdk@avmufvJrvkyf wwf rvkyEf ikd ?f *efzvm;cs+yD;&if a&mufwwf&m&majym=u qdk=u &D=uarm=u tawG@tñuHawGcsif; zvS,f=ueJ@ wa,mufta=umif;wa,muf tdwo f eG zf marSmufe;D yg; odae=u+yD;om; jzpfw,f? rdbaqGrsK;d nDtudk armifErS om;orD;ta=umif;awGavmufru vuf&o dS w l @kd ZeD;awGe@J b,fv&kd cJ=h uwm/ b,fvkd &nf;pm; oemjzpfcJh=uwmrsKd;txd pHkwumhpHkatmif odae=u&w,f? vlqdkwmu udk,fhta=umif;udk,f ajym tjycsiq f ;kH ajymtjywwfq;kH owW0gwrsK;d jzpfwt hJ jyif wjcm;vlwa,muf&ŒJ tjzpftysuu f v kd J pdw0f if pm;pGm em;tqifcsifqHk;/ em;taxmifwwfqHk; todvdkqHk;yk*~dKvfawGr[kwfvm;? cHpm;wwfolawG tonf;ESvHk;&SdolawGqdkawmh 'Dvdkae&mtcef;usOf;av;xJrSmyJtwlwl b0=urRmqHk=u&wJhtcg ydk+yD; ajymjzpf qdjk zpf =um;emem;qifjzpf=u&if; wa,mufta=umif;wa,muf yd+k yD;odvmcJ=h u&wm "rRwm yJ r[kwfvm;?

OD;av;OD;xGe;f &Sed &f ŒJ ZeD;a':pef;jrift h a=umif;udk rsuEf mS rjrifb;l ayr,fh odaecJ=h u&ovdk udo k ed ;f jrifh &JŒZeD; a'gufwmcifpef;0if;ta=umif;udkvJ usaemfwdk@rSm &if;ESD;u|rf;0ifae&+yD;om;? udk&JxGwf}uD;ZeD; a'gufwmEG,fEG,fat; ta=umif;qdk&if ±Hk;xGuf axmifbl;0w&m;±Hk;rSmvJ r=umr=umqHkjzpfaeawmh ydak wmif u|r;f 0if&if;ES;D +yD;om;jzpfaew,f? ud&k x J w G }f u;D u Zmwfvrf;yrmem;qifp&m tajymaumif;ol qdkawmh olwdk@ESpfa,muf&JŒta=umif;u ydkvdk@awmif ±kyfvHk;ºuGaeawmhw,f? udo k ed ;f jrifh r=umr=umajymwwfwmu “tifrwefcspyf gw,fqw kd hJ vifr,m;awG/ nDtudk armif ESrt&if;awGawmif aoaocsmcsmwGf=unhf&if cifAsm;wdk@usaemfwdk@avmuf 'Davmuf vufyGef;wwD; 66

0if;wifhxGef;

5 wkduf/ tcef; 22 aecJ=h u&wmr[kwb f ;l aemf? tjyifrmS u vifr,m;qdw k mawmif wae@cif;vH;k ud, k t hf vkyu f , kd o f mG ;&/ ud, k u hf pd u P , kd af qmif&u G &f eJ@ navmufyJ twlwel =u&wm nDtudak rmifErS qdo k nfxufawmif twl wl ae=u& qHk=u& xdawG@qufqH=u&wJhtcsdef eJao;w,f? cifAsm;wdk@usaemfwdk@rsm;=unfhprf;æ *ef zvm;cs av; ig; ajcmufrdepfavmufuvGJvdk@ (24)em&DvHk;vHk; ae@wdkif; twlwlrcGJrcGm aeae=u&wm aemf æ” wJh? “yÏmef;qufawGaygAh smæ bmoma&;oabmt&qd&k if yÏmef;qufawGayg”h pdwyf w k ;D }uD;eJ@ ud&k J xGwfu ðyH;ðyH;}uD; rSwfcsufcscJhw,f? “twlwlae=u&±Hkru æ acs;awmif wtifwHkxJ wtdk;xJyg=u&wmaemf” vdk@ udkvSa&$}uD;u aemufawmh udkode;fjrifhu [D;ceJ&,fw,f? “wtd;k xJ yg&wmayr,fh olcsn;f t&ifygw,fygAsm” vd@k usaemfu t&$e;f azmufawmh udo k ed ;f jrifh u w[m;[m;&,fwJhtjyif “'guawmh udk,fhzifudk,f pepfwusxdef;csKyf trdef@ay;Edkifr_csif; uGm wmudk;”wJh? tJ'Dvdk &,f&,farmarm aysmfaysmf&$if&$ifeJ@ i&Jcef;=um; jzwfoef;ausmfv$m;cJh&w,f/ reufpmxrif;pm;aomuf+yD;=ucsdefwdkif; wa&;warm xrif;vHk;pD=uavh&Sdw,f? tJ'DvdktcgrSm awmh ud&k x J w G }f uD;rsuEf mS ay:rSm vufuikd yf 0k gav;wifv@kd vufuikd yf 0k gay:uar$;&eH@ukd wr#O;f r#O;f &SLae vdu k yf rkH sm; tom;us+yD; orx0g&ifw h a,muf&ŒJ xGuo f uf0ifouf &SLaeyHt k wdik ;f ygy?J zGzaG v; nifnif omomav;yg? avsmif;vsuv f v JS sut f aetxm;eJ@ owdyÏmefrw S af ewmr[kwrf eS ;f vJ usaemfoad e ygw,f? olu w&m;xdik &f if xdik &f uftaetxm;eJ@yJ reufwcg nwcg xdik w f wfoal v? xrif;pm;+yD;p rsuEf mS ay: vufuikd yf 0k gav;wif+yD; touf&LS aewmu tcspu f od% k ;f psmefawG0ifaewmyg? 'Dvufuikd f yk0gav;u rEG,Ef , G af t;u ±H;k xGuw f &m;±H;k vm&cge;D wywfe;D yg; ,k,, k ,udik w f , G t f oH;k ðyvmcJw h hJ vufuikd yf 0k gav;yg? tJ'v D ufuikd yf 0k gav;rsK;d udk ud&k x J w G u f ±H;k xGurf mS w,kw,o,fvm/ tdyw f ikd ;f rsufESmay: wiftdyf/ tcspf&JŒ&eH@oif;oif;av;awGudk *E<m±Hkuodk%f;±_ygw,f? wu,fhudk tm±HkEkEk pdwu f ;l csKcd sKad v;eJ@yg? aemufwywf±;kH xGucf sed af &mufawmh &ref}uD;wywfv;kH vH;k ol*±kwpdu k f toH;k ðy vmcJhwJh vufudkifyk0gav;[m udk&JxGwf&JŒtaiG@toufawGu zHk;ae+yDaygh? tJ'Dvdktcsdef±Hk;xGuf aemufwausmhrSm rEG,fEG,fat;ua&mufvm/ tdrfutqifoifh,lvmcJhwJh aemufxyf vufudkifyk0g topfav;udak y;/ olu ol@qu D oH;k pGx J m;+yD; vufuikd yf 0k ga[mif;av;udjk yefay;eJ@ vufuikd yf 0k gav;awG [m cspfolESpfOD;&JŒarwWm&eH@awG tjyeftvSefxHkr$rf;ul;quf&m oufrJhwrefav;awGozG,f jzpfae=u awmhwmayg?h b,fah vmuftEkynmqefvu kd w f phJ w d u f ;l ygv?J b,fah vmufuAsmqefvu kd w f hJ ork', oauFwygvJ? 'Dvkd tEkpw d q f efvw S hJ v#KŒd 0Sut f a=umif;t&mawG[m ud&k x J w G }f uD;ud, k w f ikd &f ŒJ &Suu f ;kd &Suu f ef; wydkif;wp ajzmifhcsufrSefzGifh[r_awGtay:uae qufpyfem;vnf odjrifvmcJh&wmawG jzpfygw,f? 'ga=umifh “ 'Dae@vufudkifyk0g vJae@av” vdk@ usaemfupvdkufawmh olu“usKyf v#KdŒcsufawG awmh tukefay:ukefyg+yD ”wJh? “ud&k x J w G af & æ 'DxrJ mS awmh tukeaf y:=u+yD;om;ygyAJ sm/ &Surf aeyge@J awmh? axmufvrS ;f a&;rSm awmif ray:cJh&wJh[mawGawmif 'DtxJrSmawmh ay:ukefyg+yD? 'ga=umifh usaemf c%c%ajymwmaygh/ nDtudak rmifErS t&if;csi;f awmif usaemfw@kd avmuf vufyeG w f wD; raecJ=h u&zl;ygb;l vd@k ? +yD;awmh tck 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; cifAsm;wdk@usaemfwdk@ wa,mufta=umif;wa,muf tao;pdwfodxm;=uoavmuf rod=uEdkifygbl; vdk@” udkodef;jrifhu ðyH;aphapheJ@ ajymvmw,f? “uJæ rxl;awmhygb;l / 'Dwcgawmh vlvpf&if rde;f rudk erf;jzpfatmifc;kd erf;cJt h ;kH r,f/ b,fEh , S w f ek ;f zdk;odef;jrifh cifAsm;aumæ” udk&JxGwfu &$wfaemufaemuf xyfajymawmh udkodef;jrifhu [D;ceJ&,faew,f? “wajz;ajz;pD&ifcsuf tcscH&zdk@eD;ae+yDaemf/ axmifuusudkusrSm aocsmw,f? b,fESESpf tcscH& r,fwm rajymwwfwm? axmifus+yD;&if axmif0ifpmvmawG@&if 'DvdktcGifhta&;r&Sdawmhbl;aemfæ axmif0ifpmcef;rSmu oHZumpdyfpdyf}uD;jcm;+yD; awG@&rSm” ud&k x J w G u f xyfaemufaew,f? “oHZumpdypf yd }f uD;jcm;xm;vJ vufnKd‡ ;av;avmufawmh&tH;k rSmyg ud&k x J w G &f ,f” vd@k usaemfu 0ifaemufvdkufawmh tm;vHk;&,f=uw,f? “a[m'DuAsmq&m[m ol@rmS jyp&m &nf;pm;vJ wlww l efwefr&Sd rde;f rvJr&Sq d akd wmh ±H;k xGuw f ikd ;f olrsm;vifr,m;twGJawGudkcsnf; tm;tm;,m;,m;av#muf=unfhae+yD; tukefvdkufrSwfaewm” udk&JxGwfu usaemfhudk tðyH;eJ@ jyefwHk@jyefw,f? “[dk;æ wywfausmf±Hk;xGufuav/ usaemfwdk@tr_wGJeJ@ olwdk@tr_wGJ wòydifeufwnf;±Hk;xkwf+yD; jyefydk@awmhvJ wòydifeufwnf;As” usaemfu pum;p±H&k adS o; ud&k x J w G u f [JceJ&,fae+yD? udo k ed ;f jrifu h tH=h o[efrsucf ;kH }uD; yif=h unf w,f? “tcsKyfum;}u;D uvJ cifAsm;wd@k ow d t hJ wdik ;f tvHyk w d ?f eHab;tay:rSm av0ifayguaf o;ao;av;yJ ygwm? 'gawmif oHacsmif;av;awGpu kd +f yD; um&Hxm;vdu k af o;w,f? tJ'gu&kd x J w G &f ,f +idr+f idru f kd txJ rSm xdik rf aebl;? vufwzufu olrsm;eJ@wv JG ufxyd cf wfxm;awmh vGwaf ewJv h ufwzuf uref;uwef; xkwf rsuEf mS }uD;uvJ av0ifayguo f w H ikd ef m;twif;wd;k uyf+yD; um;ab;txdw;kd uyfvmwJh rEG,af t; udk vSrf;c:w,f? rEG,fat;u vSrf;+yD;vufurf;awmh ol@rSm t&trdvufn‡dK;csif;vSrf;csdwfvdk@Asæ tJ oavmuf æ tJoavmuf” udo k ed ;fjrifu h oabmusveG ;f pGm &,fw,f? usaemfw@kd xrJ mS Áa¹EN}uD;vSwhJ OD;av;OD;xGe;f &Sed }f uD; awmif ðyH;vdk@? “'Dvl tukefrSwfxm;wmAs/ tJ'gtjyifa&muf&ifawmh pmawGbmawG ra&;eJ@aemf” udk&JxGwfu ðyH;ðyH;}uD;wm;w,f? usaemfwdk@wawG &,farmae=uwkef; xrif;xdk;xGef;qdkif tcef;a&SŒa&mufvmw,f? “ud&k x J w G w f @kd tqifoifjh yifxm; t0wfvx J m;awmh/ awmf=um cifAsm;wd@k ±H;k xGux f w k af wmhrmS ? cifAsm;wdk@tr_wGJt&ifxkwfrSmvdk@ ±Hk;cef;rSm=um;vdkufw,fæ” xrif;xdk;xGef;qdkifu 'Dae@±Hk;xGufqdkwmodaeawmh apmapmpD;pD;rsufESm&atmif udk&JxGwfudk owif;vmay;w,f? udk&JxGwfeJ@ udkvSa&$u tr_wGJwwGJwnf;? ESpfOD;om;acgif;tHk;vkyf+yD; tdyfae=uwJhudk,fhtxkyfudk udk,fjznf=u+yD; tusôopf vHkcsnfopfav;awGudk,fpD vJ=u0wf=uw,f?

68

0if;wifhxGef;

5 wkduf/ tcef; 22 usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;[m wckvHk;taeeJ@ tr_wGJ}uD;wwGJwnf;/ EdkifiHa&;tzGJ@tpnf;taeeJ@vJ wckwnf;jzpfayr,fh w&m;cHtjzpf owfrw S ±f ;kH wifc&H wmu w&m;cHcsn;f (58)a,muf}uD;rsm;awmif qdak wmh oufqidk &f m qufpyf&m wl&mwl&mtvdu k cf +JG yD; tr_wiJG ,fav;awGtjzpf xyfqifch +JG yD; ±H;k wif w,f? w&ufwnf;±Hk;xGuf=u&wmjzpfayr,fh wòydifeufr[kwf? wcgxkwf ESpfwGJ oHk;wGJ? tJ'Dawmh wcef;wnf;twlae&ayr,fh tr_wGJcsif;usawmhrwl? udk&JxGwfwdk@t0wfvJ+yD;csdefrSm usaemfwdk@usefvlawGvJ t0wftpm;ukd,fpD vJvdkuf=uw,f? c%aeawmh udk&JxGwf udkvSa&$wdk@udk 0g'gwa,mufu vmxkwfw,f? 'Dae@ olwdk@twGJ[m tapmqHk;?

“OD;av;æ bmvdkao;vJ/ a,mufz bmvdkao;vJ/ vdkwm&Sdajym aemfætdrfudkrSmvdkufr,f” ud&k x J w G ef @J uv kd aS &$w@kd xGuo f mG ;=u+yD;aemuf udo k ed ;f jrifu h usaemfw@kd ukd ar;&Smw,f? OD;xGe;f &Sed u f bmrSrvdkygbl;Asmvdk@ ðyH;+yD;ajymayr,fh usaemfuawmhæ “a,mufz nDrrsm;vmw,fqdk&ifawmh udk,fhqDoGm;+yD;awG@vdkuftHk;vdk@ajymvdkufaygh” vdk@ aemufvdkufw,f?

'Dae@naeapmif; ±Hk;xGuftm;vHk;jyefa&mufvm=ucsdefrSmawmh tjyifu&&SdvmcJh=uwJh =um;chJ& odcJh&wJh owif;ywif;awGawmif tjyeftvSef zvS,fESD;aESm aqG;aEG;ajymqdkjcif; rðyEdkif=uao;? ud&k x J w G u f xH;k pHtwdik ;f zsmay:rSmyufvuf}uD;vSev f @kd xH;k pHtwdik ;f vufuikd yf 0gtopfuav;u rsufESm}uD;ay:rSm tkyfvdk@?

'Dwcgvufuikd yf 0k gav;u =unfjyma&mif? vufuikd yf 0k gay:rSm iSuu f av;armifEu HS acgi;f csi;f qdik f vdk@? cspfcGef;wHk@wif u,ku,if taetxm;? udk&JxGwf}uD; uodk%f;0ifae+yD? xdkifvsuf xvsuf uokd%f;rsKd;r[kwf/ avsmif;vsuf vJvsuf uokd%f;? *E<m±Hu k kd raemta=unf"mwfay: zrf;csKyfnKd‡ @iif,al eovm;/ arwWm&eH@ oif;jrjrudk ESv;kH aoG;xJt a&muf wr#Of;r#Of;ydk@aqmifaeava&mhovm;? taoG;tom;0dnmOfudk ‘xHkul;’ovdk arwWm&eH@ woif;oif;awGukd *E<m±Hu k wqifh xHu k ;l qufo, G f pdrahf 0aeava&mhovm;? ol@[molyJ odygvrd rhf ,f? ol@&ŒJ touf&LS oH xkwo f H pnf;csuef &DEEk =k um;rSm iSuif ,farmifEu HS awmh t+rD; uav;awGvy_ f vdk@/ acgif;uav;awG v_yfvdk@? wu,fhudk tEkynmqefvGef;vSwJh od*F g&jrifuGif;av;;wckyguvm;? usaemf+idrfoufpGm =unfhaevdkufrdygw,f?Ò 0if;wifhxGef;

0if;wifhxGef;

69

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

ppf a -uma&; axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (8)

70

0if;wifhxGef;

ppfa=uma&;

ppfa-uma&; 0if;wifx h eG ;f

1? ppfa=uma&;æwJh? 'Dpum;vH;k udk rSwrf w S x f ifxif yxrqH;k owdxm;+yD; awG@czhJ ;l wmu qdik ;f bkw}f uD;}uD; wckay:rSm? tjynft h pHu k “ppfa=uma&;ESiw hf nf;cd;k a&;pcef;”wJ?h zsuo f rd ;f ypfvu kd w f hJ ,cifemrnfausmf &ef ukefaxmif}uD;qdkwm&JŒteD;ae&mrSm 'Dqdkif;bkwf}uD;eJ@ 0if;us,fus,f}uD;wck&Sdae+yD; bwf(p)um;eJ@ &efuek òf r@d xu J v kd mwdik ;f 'Dqikd ;f bkw}f u;D ab;uaejzwfoef;oGm;vm&&if; jrifjrifae&wwfw,f? ppfwyfe@J ywfoufwphJ cef;wckyx J if&ŒJ qdw k hJ v#yw f jyuftawG;eJ@ pdwx f rJ mS xl;xl;jcm;jcm;bmrS rcHpm;cJzh ;l rd? cHpm; p&mvJ bmrSr&Sd? rsufapha&SŒwnfhwnfhrSmrdk@ rsufapheJ@jrifvdkuf&+yD; rsufaphxJrSmyJ aysmufoGm;cJhw,f? udk,feJ@bmrSroufqdkif? ‘ppfa=uma&;’qdw k hJ 'Dpum;vH;k udyk J 'kw, d t}udrrf w S rf w S x f ifxif awG@ñuH&wmusawmh axmuf vSr;f a&;(6)qdw k hJ tukov kd &f yf0ef;wcktwGi;f rSm? c&D;oGm;[efvJG jzwfoef;oGm;vm&&if; awG@ñuH &wm r[kwaf wmh? qdik ;f bkwaf &;xd;k xm;vd@k qdik ;f bkwaf y:rSm zwfvu kd &f wmrsK;d vJ r[kwaf wmh? qdik ;f bkwq f kd wmvJr&Sd/ pmeJ@a&;xdk;xm;wmvJ r[kwf? n}uD;rif;}uD;vma&mufzrf;qD;=u+yD; um;euf}uD;ay:wif/ tukov dk Ef pS af ,mufu b,fnm n‡yf xdkifcsKyfudkifum 'DppfaxmufvSrf;a&;0if;}uD;xJ armif;ESifac:oGif;cHvdkuf&csdefxd bmha=umifhvJ/ bm udpPvJqdkwm a&a&&m&mrod? t0wfpnf;aESmifyw d x f m;jcif;cHvu kd &f wJh rsuaf phtpHu k kd twm;tqD;tydwt f yifr&Sd =unfjh rifciG hf &vmwJhtcsdefrSmawmh vl[m rD;awGvif;xdefaewJhtcef;wcef;xJ a&muf&Sdaewm awG@vdkuf&ygawmh w,f? usaemfha&SŒwnfhwnfhrSm pm;yGJ}uD;wvHk;? pm;yGJa&SŒrSm tom;rJrJ aumufcsdwfcsdwfrsufESmeJ@ vl wa,muf? olu pm;yGaJ emufuukvm;xdik rf mS ±_wif;wif;eJ@xikd af e&if; usaemfrh suEf mS udk vSr;f =unfah e w,f? usaemfah b; b,fnmawGrmS vJ olw@kd tukov kd Ef , G 0f ifawGu av;ig;ajcmufa,muf? olw@kd rsuf aphawGtm;vHk;[m usaemfhrsufESmay:qDudkyJ a'gifhtoD;oD;uaeOD;wnfxm;=uw,f? “rif;udk bmvdk@zrf;vmovJqdkwm odvm;” tom;rJrJ aumufcsw d cf sw d u f ukvm;xdik af y: rmefygygxikd af e&if;uae atmify&JG ppfo}l uD;avoHe@J vSrf;ar;w,f?

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79

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

t±l;wdu k f 0if;wifhxGef; 1? “'Daumift±l;/ t±l;wdkufydk@ æ ydwfvdkuf” 'kwd,axmifydkif}uD;bdk=unf&JŒrsufESmu wif;rmcufxefvSovdk avoHuvJ rmausm&ifhaxmf aew,f?

'DEw _ rf ed @f o&H ŒJ atmufrmS usaemf 'Dt±l;wdu k x f aJ &mufvm&w,f? vG,v f , G u f u l l at;at;aq; aq;a&mufvm&wmawmhr[kwf? ajcusif;cwfxm;jcif;cHae&wJh usaemfhudk *wfpwmydkrsufESmaygufeJ@ axmif=uyfoef;axG;qdkwJh taumifu ac:vmw,f? ol@aemufrSmu 0g'gaygufpwa,muf? om,m0wDaxmif axmifaq;±Hkt0ifayguf0a&mufawmh axmif=uyfoef;axG;u“a[haumif cg;u ajcusif;óud;ðzwfvdkuf”vdk@ cyfwif;wif;ajymw,f? ajcusi;f eJ@wqufwnf; oHa'guEf pS af csmif;ay:u uGi;f ESpu f iG ;f =um; vufjzpfºuGyºf uGyt f w d óf ud;av; v#Kcd snx f m;+yD; cg;ay:ywf csnaf ESmifxm;&wJóh ud;pudk ðzwfcsvu kd af wmh ajcusi;f axmufEpS af csmif;tyg vufudkif oHuGif;ESpfuGif;[m usaemfhajctpHka&SŒ ajrjyifay: usoGm;w,f? ajcaxmufrSmcwfxm;wJh ajcusi;f uGi;f uawmh cwfxm;qJtwdik ;f ayg?h usaemfrh suv f ;kH tpHu k ywfywfvnfukd a0h=unfv h u kd af wmh 0ufbw k =f uufbw k v f yk x f m;&m axmifwu kd t f ay:xyfwckqu D ae usaemfb h 0wl&aJ bmfawGjzpfwhJ udpk EH k wdk@ xGef;0if;/ atmifrif;wdk@u vSrf;=unfhaew,f? pdwfraumif;pGmeJ@ vSrf;=unfhae=uyHk&w,f? “a[haumif xdkif”vdk@ oef;axG;uajymw,f? usaemfxdkifay;vdkufw,f? “'Duae æ [dk t±l;wdkufqDtxd zm;ckef ckef0if”oef;axG;u *wfpwmydk rsufESmxm;tjynfheJ@ quftrdef@ay;w,f? usaemfu qHk;jzwfcsufwckudk cs+yD;yg+yD? “r0ifEdkifbl;” “bmuG ratvdk;” “r0ifEdkifbl;/ zm;ckef b,fawmhrSrckefbl;” “r0iftHk;uGm r0iftHk;uGm”qdkwJh toHeJ@twl ausmay: abmvHk;uefovdk aqmifhuefvdkufwJh oef;axG;&JŒppfzdeyftpHk[m b,fjyefnmjyef tqufrjywfa&mufvmygw,f? usaemfch E<mud, k [ f m ajray:vdrahf eygw,f? ajcaxmufu ajcusi;f tpHek @J ajcusi;f qdik &f m 'Gg'&mawG &JŒtoH[mvnf; wAHk;AHk;toHawG=um; wc|rfc|rf wc|ifc|ifjrnf+yD; 'vdrfhacgufauG;ygvmygw,f?

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t±l;wdkuf usaemfu tm;,l+yD;vJae&muae rwfwyf&yfzdk@ óud;pm;=unhfygw,f/ ajcusif;'&GwfwdkufeJ@ usaemfhcE<mudk,ftESH@tay: oef;axG;&JŒ vufoD;a&m ajcaxmufyg xdk;oH uefoH vufprG ;f jyoHawG tqufrjywfusa&mufvm+yD; vJvu kd òf ydvu kd f a&SŒa&mufvu kd jf zpfaeygw,f? “rif;u bmaumifrdk@vJuG/ EdkifiHawmftvHudk tav;rðyEdkifbl; ajymtHk;uGm ajytHk;” “tvHudk tav;rðycsifwJh ratvdk;/ rðytHk;uGm rðytHk;” qJoH qdkoH tòid;w}uD; ajymqdkoHawGeJ@twl zdeyfeJ@ aqmifu h efoH vufo;D eJ@ypfx;kd oH wAH;k AH;k wcGycf yG f wc|rcf |rt f oHawG[m ywf0ef;usit f ES@H qlnH pifxu G f aeygw,f/ usaemfhwudk,fvHk;[mvJ oHkav;csufavmufom pl;pl;eifheifh jyif;jyif;xefxef cHpm;vdkuf&+yD; xlylxHkusifoGm;&if; emrSef;rodEdkifawmhavmufa&mif a&maxG;oGm;&&if; 'vdrfhacgufauG; jzpfae&yg awmhw,f? “a[haumif oef;axG; bmjzpfwmvJ” toHwoH=um;vdu k &f +yD; “'Dratvd;k u tvHtav;rðy Edkifvdk@ t±l;wdkufydwfzdk@ axmifydkif}uD;u trdef@ay;vdkufwmvmydk@wm OD;wifatmif”qdkwJh oef;axG;&JŒ toHxGufvmwmudkyg vJae&mu =um;vdkuf&ygw,f? “at;at;æ ighay; ighay; igqufudkifvdkufr,f”qdkwJh axmif=uyfudkwifatmif Adkufyl}uD;toHeJ@ twl “at;Asm usaemfu taqmifjyefajy;&tHk;rSm cifAsm;bJ qufudkifvdkufawmh” qdkwJh oef;axG;&JŒ toHuv kd J quf=um;&w,f? oef;axG; cyfou G o f u G jf yefxu G o f mG ;csed rf mS axmif=uyfAu kd yf l udw k ifatmif }uD;u “x x/ xEdkifao;&JŒvm;” qdk+yD; usaemfhudk vJae&muae qGJxlw,f?

Adkufyludkwifatmif}uD;qdkwmuvJ om,m0wDaxmifrSm vufoHajymifwJhae&mrSm emrnf}uD;? tuf(z)tmpD w±kwEf pS af ,mufukd eHusK;d atmif±u kd cf zhJ ;l +yD;/ wa,mufq&kd if ol±u kd cf zhJ ;l wJh '%f&m'%f csufeJ@yJ aooGm;cJh&zl;owJh? tJ'Dvdk vl? usaemfw@kd ukd om,m0wDaxmifajymif;yd@k awmh usaemfw@kd ukd xm;r,fw h u kd w f ef;udk óudjyifxm;cJ+h yD;/ tJ'D wdkufwef;wGJudk wm0efcHudkifzdk@ udkwifatmif}uD;udk txl;a&G;cs,fxm;&if; usaemfwdk@eJ@ yxrqHk; zl;pmqHkcJh&ol? tom;urJrJ/ vlu *ifwdkwkd awmifhawmifh/ txl;ay:vGifaewmu ol@&JŒtdk;p&nf;vdk Adkufylyl}uD;eJ@ vlrdkufrsufESmayguf? 'gayr,fh bmvdk@&,frajymwwf/ oludkifwJhwdkufcef;wGJrSm oleJ@ usaemfw@kd av;ig;vavmuf twlqckH óhJ uHc&hJ ayr,fh usaemfw@kd e@J jy\emwcgrS rñuHczhJ ;l bl;? ±du k w f EhJ u S f wJhae&mrSm emrnfqdk;eJ@ausmfapmwmawmh udkwifatmif}uD;[m eHygwfwpf? usaemfu 'Dwcgawmh udkwifatmif}uD;&JŒvufpGrf;jyoHudk udk,fwdkifudk,fusñuH&awmhr,f/ udkif; æ b,fvdkrsm;vufpGrf;jyudkifwG,fjyvdkufavrvJ/ óudufovdkomxkayawmhqdkwJh rsufESmrsdK;eJ@ ol@ rsufESmudk vSrf;=unfhvdkufw,f? “vm æ vm/ [dak &SŒu wdu k cf ef;qD; cyfou G o f u G 0f ifvu kd ”f vd@k av;oHcyfw;kd wd;k eJ@ajym&if; usaemfh udk vufzsm;eJ@awmifrwdk@bJ t0ifcdkif;w,f? ±dk;±dk;yJ t0ifcdkif;w,f? wdu k cf ef;xJ usaemf0if&+yD; wdu k cf ef;aomhuykd w d af e&if;u “rif;ætawmfru kd w f ahJ umifumG / igvJ$ ,lvu kd v f @kd ayg/h Ed@k r[kwf rif;'dxufc&H Edik w f ,f/ oef;axG;u iguawmh t}uD;tus,q f ufxrk mS yJ ,H+k yD; v$o J mG ;wmæ eJev J J yg;rSaygu h mG / rif;[mu tawmfukd rdu k w f mud;k uG”vd@k avoHw;kd wd;k eJ@ wAspaf wmuf awmufajymoGm;w,f?

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; usaemf awmfawmfut kd =hH ooGm;rdwmawmh trSe?f rSm;wmrSew f m c%xm;/ ud, k u hf kd r±du k rf ESucf hJ wma=umifh aus;Zl;wifpdwf zsufceJ 0ifrdwmvJtrSef? armarmememeJ@ zsmpkwaf y:vScJ svu kd rf &d if; 'Dwu kd x f aJ &mufvmcJ&h wJh tjzpftysuaf wG jyefpOf;pm; rdaejyefw,f? axmif0g'gwyf=uyfoef;axG;&JŒ *wfpwmydrk suEf mS / axmifred ;f a*s;±H;k wm0efus axmifr;ª av;oef;vGi&f ŒJ rsurf eS w f 0if;0if;eJ@ jyZmwfrif;om;[efrsuEf mS / 'kw, d axmifyikd }f uD; bd=k unf&ŒJ a&$uikd ;f rsufrSef}uD;=um;u &uf&ufpufpuf emZDrsufvHk;? +yD;awmh “'Daumif t±l;/ t±l;wdkufydk@ ydwfvdkuf ” qdkwJh pl;pl;&S&StoH? tr_u EdkifiHawmftvHudk tav;rðyr_? trSefuawmh rqvtvHudk b,fwkef;urS tav;rðycJh=uwm tif;pdefaxmifrSmuwnf;u? usaemfw@kd &aJ bmtm;vH;k rqvtvHtav;rðya&; qH;k jzwfcsucf srw S x f m;=u+yD;om;? axmifajymif;zd@k cGJxm;wJh tif;pdefaxmif(5)aqmiftay:xyf nrSmwkef;uvJ a&mufwJhaxmifrSm tvHtav;ðya&; tpDtpOfrsK;d ñuHawG@&ifqikd &f &if rqvtvHut kd av;rðy=ua&;/ 'gayr,fh tm;vH;k eJ@u, kd cf sn;f teJpv k kd jzpfae&if xD;xD;}uD;ay:vGirf aeapzd@k tjrifq h ;kH tvGeq f ;kH tjzpf trsm;enf;wl rwfwyfawmh&yfay;=uzd@k / OD;n$wfjcif;/ tav;ðyjcif;rvkyfzdk@qdk+yD; qHk;jzwfxm;cJh=uygw,f? om,m0wDaxmifa&mufa&mufcsif; oD;oef@wdkufcef;xJxnfhxm;jcif;cHvdkuf=u&awmh tvH jy\emu &ifqdkifp&mtjzpfay:rvm? wdkufxJ tm;&atmifxm;+yD;wJhaemuf taqmifawGqDcGJydk@vdkufwJhtcg wa,mufwaqmif wcef;pDjzpfoGm;=uygw,f? ntdyfaqmifwuf&wJhtcg udk,fhtcef;udk,fus&mrSm ae=u&ygw,f? om,m0wDaxmifrmS reuftyd af qmifziG chf sed f tvHwiftav;ðy tpDtpOf&ydS gw,f? tvHtav; ðycsed rf mS tusO;f om;tm;vH;k ud, k &f &dS mtcef;xJuae rwfwyf&yfae=u&ygw,f? tav;ðyqdw k hJ toH ay:vm&if wòyid f euf tav;ðy=u&ygw,f? tJ'v D kd tcsed w f ikd ;f usaemfu tcef;xJ&v dS t l yk }f u;D aemufrmS oGm;&yfaewwf+yD; b,fawmhrS tav;rðyOD;rn$wf? usaemfae&&mtaqmif&ŒJ taqmifr;ª wm0efusaewJo h ef;axG;u usaemfu h kd tpDtpOf&&dS dS oD;oef@ vdu k af csmif;aeovm;/ b,fa=umifv h aJ wmh rajymwwf? usaemf tvHut kd av;rðywm odomG ;w,f? usaemfhudkac:awG@+yD; bmvdk@tvHudktav;rðyovJqdkwmar;w,f? usaemfuvJ rðyEdkifa=umif; ajzvdu k w f ,f? oef;axG;u pm;rwwf 0g;rwwfrsuEf mS xm;eJ@ “at;æ axmifr;ª ±H;k wifr,f”vd@k ajym+yD; a'geJ@armeJ@ xGufoGm;w,f? jy\emawmhp+yDqdkwm usaemfodvdkufygw,f? 'g[m &yfwnfcsufudpP? b,fvdkjzpfjzpf &ifqdkif &awmhr,fqdkwm qHk;jzwfcsufcsvdkuf+yD;/ tcef;rwlayr,fh waqmifwnf;wGif;&Sd usaemfhvdk 5§n &JabmfESpfOD;udk today;ajymjyvdkufygw,f? 5§n &Jabmf(7)OD;&Sd&mrSm usaemftygt0if(3)OD;u 'D taqmifrSm? usef(4)OD;jzpfwJh OD;azwif/ udkpHEk/ xGef;0if;/ atmifrif;wdk@u uyf&ufom; 0ef;us,f}uD; twGif;u wjcm;taqmifrSm? xrif;pm;+yD;ptcsdefrSm usaemfhudk wef;pD;wa,mufu vmac:ygw,f? rdef;a*s;±Hk;cef;qDoGm;&yg w,f? rdef;a*s;±Hk;cef;pm;yGJrSm wm0efusaxmifrª;av;oef;vGif[m rsufrSefav;w0if;0if;eJ@ xdkif aeygw,f? vlykH uEkEek @J jyZmwfrif;om;[efayguaf eygw,f? tusO;f om;eJ@ axmif0efxrf; b,fawmhrS 84

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t±l;wdkuf wwef;wnf;xm; rqufqH&qdkwJhrl/ csrSwfyHkpHoGif;ay;xm;jcif;a=umifhvm;rajymwwf/ ol@a&SŒrSm ukvm;xdkiftvGwf&Sdayr,fh usaemfhudk xdkifvdk@rajymyg? 'gayr,fh ol@rsufESmay:rSm &uf&ufpufpuf ESdyfuGyfjyvdkufr,fa[hqdkwJh or±dk;usaxmifrª;wa,muf&JŒt&dyfta&mifazmfjyr_rsKd; rawG@&yg? tem;u wef;pD;udk vufumtjyif xGucf ikd ;f vdu k +f yD;wJah emuf ole@J usaemf ESpaf ,mufwnf;tae txm;rSm olu æ “cifAsm;u tvHtav;rðyEdkifbl;vdk@ ajymw,fqdk/ wm0efus taqmifrª;u vmwdkifoGm;w,f” usaemfhudk ‘cifAsm;’qdkwJhemrfpm;oHk;+yD; ,Of,Ofaus;aus;ar;vmw,f? “usaemfu pajymwmawmhr[kwzf ;l ? olu bmvd@k tav;rðywmvJar;vd@k usaemfu ajym&wm” olu pdwfraumif;[ef wcsuf=unfh+yD;/ “cifAsm;uvJAsmæ 'g}uD;us,fwJhjy\emrS r[kwfbJ/ tav;ðyvdkufaygh? acgif;ndwfvdkuf +yD;oGm;wmyJ/ ðyvdkufygAsm” usaemfu acgif;&rf;vdkufw,f? “usaemf rðyEdkifbl;” “Asm æ bmvdk@wkef;”olu em;rvnfovdk wtHhw=o=unfh+yD;ar;vmw,f? “usaemf æ tck axmifusvmwm Edik if aH &;r_yg? tpd;k &udq k ef@usiw f hJ r,H=k unfwjhJ ypfry_ g? wjcm; bmjypfrr_ S r&Sb d ;l ? tJ't D wGuf tpd;k &u usaemfu h akd xmifcsxm;wm tck(3)ESp&f ydS g+yD? usaemf 'Dtpd;k &udk t,Hkt=unfr&Sdygbl;/ 'Dtpdk;&&JŒtvHqdkwmudkvJ tav;rðyEdkifygbl;” usaemfu óudwifpOf;pm;xm;+yD;om; pum;vHk;awGtwdkif; wvHk;csif;ajzvdkufygw,f? “tpd;k &udk ,Hyk g r,Hyk gqw kd m usaemf bmrSrajymcsiyf gb;l ? usaemf ajymvd@k v&J r,fu h pd rP [kwyf gb;l ? 'gayr,fh EdkifiHawmftvHudktav;ðywmeJ@ tpdk;&udk ,Hkwmr,Hkwm bmrSrqdkifygbl;? cifAsm;vJ ynm wwfwa,mufy/J pOf;pm;=unfyh g? w±kww f @kd ±k&mS ;wd@k vkd uGejf rLepfEikd if u H acgi;f aqmif}uD;awG vm=uwJh tcg olwdk@vJ EdkifiHawmftvHudk tjyeftvSef tav;ðy=uwmyJav? 'gæ ,Hkvdk@vdk@ajymrvm;? r,Hk ,Hk,Hk xHk;wrf;pOfvmt& ESpfEdkifiHtvHudk tav;ðy&wmyJ? tJ'Dvdk oabmxm;vdkufayghAsm” olu ajz;av;pGmajym&if;“uJæ b,fhES,fvJ”qdkwJh t=unfheJ@=unfhvmw,f? usaemf&ŒJ vGrJ mS ;aewJt h jrift,ltqawGuakd cszsu+f yD; oabmxm;rSerf eS u f efuef xm;wwf=unfh wwfatmif tydkifoGefoifvrf;jyay;vdkufEdkif+yDqdkwJht=unfhrsKd;eJ@usaemfhrsufESmudk ðyH;=unfhaew,f? wu,fu h jkd yZmwf rif;om;wa,muft=unfrh sK;d ? vufcsmt±du k af umif;wJh ygarmuQ}uD;wa,muf&ŒJ t=unfhrsKd;? “tJ'gu oHwrefudpPyJ/ tjyeftvSef tav;ðy=uwmyJ/ ck[mu tJ'geJ@ rwlbl;av” usaemfu apm'uwufvdkufawmh oluacgif;udk jyZmwfrif;om;wa,mufvdk [efygyg&rf;&if; usaemfhrsufESmudk ai;=unfhjyefw,f? “cifAsm; pOf;pm;=unfh/ cifAsm;vJ &efukefrSm ±kyf&Sif±HkawGoGm;+yD; ±kyf&SifawGbmawG=unfhzl;rSmbJ? udk,fh[mudk,f ydkufqHay;+yD;oGm;=unfh&wJh ±kyf&Sif±HkawGxJ ±kyf&SifoGm;=unfhwmawmif ±kyf&SifvmcgeD; EdkifiHawmftvHpjy&if tav;ðy=u&w,f? tav;rðy&if zrf;+yD;'%f±dkufEdkifw,f? w&m;pGJ+yD; ta&;,l Edik w f ,f? 'g[m Edik if aH wmf Oya'yJ? tck[mu 'Dae&m[m ±ky&f iS ±f akH wmifr[kwb f ;l ? axmifæ axmif?

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; axmifxJrSmvJ EdkifiHawmftvHudk tav;rðywm[m ta&;,lEdkifwJh jypfr_yJ? tJ'ga=umifhæ” olu pum;pjzwf&if; usaemfhrsufESmqDxyft=unfhrSmæ “tJ'gu udk,fu ol@±kyf&Sif±HkxJoGm;=unfhwmav? udk,fu ol@pnf;rsOf;udkrvdkufemcsif&if oGm; r=unfhbJ aevdkuf±HkyJ/ udk,fu ol@*GifxJoGm;wmudk;/ rvdkufemwmrdawmh cHvdkuf&wm awmfao;wm ayg?h tck[mu 'DaxmifxJ usaemfua&mufcsiv f @kd a&mufvmcJ&h wmr[kwb f ;l ? olw@kd zrf;ac:+yD; rw&m; xnfv h u kd v f @kd a&mufvmcJ&h wm? tJ'o D w l @kd tay: r,H=k unfwq hJ ef@usiw f jhJ ypfrq _ w kd meJ@vJ axmifx0J if ae&wm(3)ESp&f +dS yD/ aemufxyfvJ ESpaf wGuseaf o;w,f? tJ'gbmjzpfv@kd usaemfu olw@kd rqvtvHukd tav;ðy&rSmvJ/ usaemfrðywm usaemfw&m;w,f” usaemfuvJ usaemfhoabmxm;udk azmfxkwf&if; ol@&JŒ&Sif;jycsufudk jyefvnfacsyvdkufw,f? olu [l;ceJoufjyif;wcsurf w _ x f w k &f if; “'g[m Edik if aH wmftvHygAsm/ Edik if aH wmfukd ud, k pf m;ðyxm;wJh tvHyg/ bmtvHnmtvHqdk+yD;r=unfhygeJ@/ udk,fhEdkifiHudk udk,fav;pm;w,fqdkwJh oabm=unfhprf; ygAsm”vdk@ quf+yD; &Sif;vif;w,f? “tJvdkqdk&ifæ [dkwkef;u tvHa[mif;udk xm;ygvm;/ bmvdk@tvHajymif;wmvJ/ 'DtvH[m rqvuvkyfxm;wJh rqvtvHyJ/ usaemf tav;rðyEdkifbl;” usaemfuvJ ol@&Sif;vif;csufudk wcsufrusefqufacsyw,f? olu t=uHttdkufoGm;[efeJ@ tjyifbuf qDai;=unfhw,f? +yD;awmhæ “usaemfu cifAsm;twGufajymjywmyg? usaemfvJ rwwfEdkifawmhbl;? ck[mu wdkifxm;wmqdk awmh cifAsm;uvJ tav;rðyEdik b f ;l qdak wmh axmifyikd }f uD;qD owif;yd@k &rSm? tckaxmifyikd }f uD;u &efuek f tpnf;ta0 oGm;aew,f? 'k - axmifyikd }f uD;qD owif;yd@k &vdrrhf ,f? axmifyikd }f uD;u olu pma&;q&m/ cifAsm;u i,fuwnf;u pma&;wJholqdk+yD; oHa,mZOf&Sdw,f? usaemfu cifAsm;udk jy\emray:ap csifbl;? cifAsm;pOf;pm;ygtHk;” olu usaemfhudk azsmifhzsygao;w,f? usaemfu usaemfhydkif;jzwfxm;csuft& acgif;&rf;jyvdkufygw,f? “uJ - oGm;Edkif+yD”vdk@ olu ajymawmh usaemftaqmifudk jyefvmcJhygw,f? tck 'DaxmifrmS axmifyikd }f uD;r&Sb d ;l ? tpnf;ta0;oGm;wufaew,fqakd wmh usaemf 0rf;omovdk vdkjzpfrdygw,f? bmvdk@vJqdkawmh axmifydkif}uD; q&m&efatmifarmifarmif[m usaemfeJ@&if;ESD;cJhol? usaemftxufwef;ausmif;om;b0 i,fi,fwkef;u ol@tdrfrSm xrif;eyfaygif;rsm;pGm pm;cJhzl;w,f? tJ'Dwkef;u olu uomaxmifrSm axmifydkif? usaemfu OD;av;uausmif;xm;ay;vdk@ OD;av;&SdwJh tif;awmfrmS ? uomc±dik pf mayv_y&f mS ;r_awGxJ tif;awmfa&muf usaemf[m i,fi,f&, G &f , G ef @J yg0ifae cJhzl;w,f? tJ'D pmayeJ@ywfouf+yD; q&m&efatmifarmifarmifeJ@ odu|rf;cJh&zl;+yD;/ usaemfq,fwef;ajz awmh ol@tdrfrSmwnf;cdkif;+yD; ajzcJh&w,f? tJ'Dwkef;u tif;awmfrSm pmppfXmer&Sdao;vdk@ uomoGm; ajz&r,fqakd wmh q&m&efatmifarmifarmifu usaemft h ay: vdv k v kd m;vm;eJ@ pmaypdwef @J vufccH w hJ m? txufwef;ausmif;om;b0uwnf;u uAsmeJ@0wˆKwdkav;awGa&;aewJh usaemhfudk uavmiform; av;wa,muftjzpf q&m&efatmifarmifarmifu odxm;cJhwm? usaemfq,fwef;atmifcJhwm ol@trd rf mS wnf;cdak exdik af jzqd&k if;u atmifcw hJ m? usaemf&h ŒJ vufoif0wˆKwdak v;aygi;f ajrmufjrm;pGmudk 86

0if;wifhxGef;

t±l;wdkuf q&m&efatmifarmifarmif zwf±c_ zhJ ;l ygw,f? uH=urRm&JŒ tvSnt hf ajymif;awGatmufrmS q,fah v;ig;ESpf t=umrSm usaemfeJ@q&m&efatmifarmifarmif jyefvnfawG@qHk&awmh olu emrnfausmfom,m0wD axmif}uD;&JŒaxmifydkif}uD;? usaemfu tif;pdefaxmif}uD;uae axmifajymif;ydk@jcif;cH&wJh EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;? wu,fhudk 0wˆKwyk'fvdk 0wˆKqefaecJhygw,f? tvHtav;rðyr_qdkwJhjy\emtwGuf aemufqHk;xdyfwdkufñuHawG@&rSmu oleJ@usaemfyg? olu axmiftm%mydik /f usaemfu Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;? usaemfu usaemfEh ikd if aH &;&yfwnfcsut f & jywfjywf om;om;&yfwnfzdk@ qHk;jzwf+yD;om;? 'DvdktajctaerSm olr&Sdbl;qdkawmh oleJ@ awhvGJvGJoGm;&wmqdk awmh usaemfhpdwfxJ 0rf;omovdkvdkjzpfrdwmawmhtrSef? wem&Davmuft=umrSm ‘tav;ðy’qdw k hJ toHawGe@J twl axmifred ;f a*s;±H;k zufqD 'kw, d axmif ydkif}uD;bdk=unf 0ifvmwm&dyfceJ vSrf;jrifvdkuf&ygw,f? ig;rdepfavmuft=umrSm wzuftaqmifu usaemfb h 0wl&aJ bmfawGjzpfwhJ OD;azwif/ udpk EH /k xGe;f 0if;wdk@wawG wa,muf+yD;wa,muf ac:xkwfjcif;cHae&wm usaemfhtaqmiftay:uae vSrf;jrif ae&ygw,f? bdk=unfu wa,mufcsif; ac:ar;aewmyg? wa,muf+yD;wa,muf udk,fhtaqmifudk,f jyefoGm;=uwmudkvJ usaemfjrifvdkuf&ygw,f? olwdk@b,fvdkajzqdk=uovJqdkwm usaemfrodyg? aemufqHk; usaemhftvSnfhqD qdkufa&mufvmygw,f? usaemfhudk taqmifrª; oef;axG;udk,fwdkif vmac:ygw,f? 'kw, d axmifyikd }f uD;bd=k unf b,fah vmuf yg;uGuo f m;yDoovJqw kd m tif;pdeaf xmifrmS uwnf; u wpGef;wp =um;odzl;+yD;jzpfygw,f? axmifrª;av;b0uwnf;u tusOf;om;awGtay: b,fh avmuf&uf&ufpuf pufvkyfwwfwm/ txl;ojzifh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGtay: =urf;=urf;&rf;&rf; udkifwG,fESdyfuGyfwwfwm =um;od&zl;+yD;om;jzpfygw,f? axmif;rª;b0u EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGudk udk,fwdkifvufoHajymifajymif0if&dkufcGJjycJh wm/ axmifwGif;a&muf ausmif;om;&Jabmfav;awGudk yufyufpufpuf ±dkufESufaqmfyavmfwD;jycJhwmawG usaemfaumif;aumif;=um;odcJhzl;+yD;jzpfygw,f? bd=k unf[m axmifr;ª av;b0uwnf;u emrnfq;kd eJ@ausmaf pmcJo h yl g? (rSwcf su?f ? e0w vufxuf rSm &Jausmfolvm; &JAvvm;/ bGJ@awmif&cJhwJhol) usaemf0ifvmwmudk 'kaxmifyikd }f uD;bd=k unf[ h m a&$uikd ;f rsurf eS =f um;uae cyfxefxef vSr;f =unfh aeygw,f? ol@ab;rSm axmifrª;}uD;/ rdef;a*s;vf axmifrª;av;oef;vGifeJ@ axmif0g'gESpfa,mufwdk@u Asm'dwfcHtaetxm;eJ@ ywf0dkif;0ef;&H&yfae=uygw,f? olu ppcsif; æ “rif;u EdkifiHawmftvHudk tav;rðybl;qdkuG” “[kwfw,f” “bmvdk@tav;rðyovJ” tHudkwcsufwif;vdkuf+yD; olu qufar;w,f? “usaemf EdkifiHa&;r_eJ@usvmwm” usaemfu wdkwdkwkwfwkwfyJ tajzay;vdkufygw,f? “'Dr,f/ a*s;rJeEf &l ,f (Jail Manual) rSm axmifvufpJG Oya'rSm tusO;f om;wdik ;f Edik if aH wmftvHukd tav;ðy&r,f/ tav;rðyvd@k r&bl;uG/ tav;rðywm[m axmifpnf;urf; axmifOya'udk csK;d azmuf 0if;wifhxGef;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; wmjzpfw,f” ol@toHu ol@rsufESmeJ@vdkufzufvSpGm xefjyif;wif;rmaew,f? ol@rsufaphtpHkuvJ emZD [pfwvm&JŒrsufaphtpHkvdkvdk/ tdkufcref;&JŒrsufaphtpHkvdkvdk pl;vufaew,f? “axmifyikd }f uD;uvJ rif;udo k w d ,fqv kd @kd / igw@kd u ri;faumif;aumif;rGerf eG af ew,fq&kd if oufom tqifajyr,fhae&mawmif csxm;ay;rvdk@? ckawmh rif;u p+yD;jy\emazmfwmayghuGm/ 'gæ axmif jy\emay:atmif azmfwmuG” a'geJ@armeJ@ajym&if; ol@&JŒao;i,f&ufpufwJh rsufaphtpHkeJ@ usaemfh rsufESmudk pdkuf=unfhw,f? “axmifOya'udk b,fawmhrS tcsKd;azmuf rcHEdkifbl;uG/ rif; EdkifiHawmftvHudk tav;ðy&r,f” 'g igt h rde@f / armifrif;emcHap/ emudk emcH&r,fqw kd hJ wcsuv f w $ t f rde@f ay;oHrsK;d eJ@ cyfwif;wif;ajym vmw,f? “usaemf tav;rðyEdkifbl;/ b,fawmhrS tav;rðybl;” usaemfu wvHk;csif; at;at;aq;aq; tajzay;vdkufw,f? bdk=unfrsufESmwckvHk; &Joxuf &Jvmw,f? qDOD;axmywfawGcsnf; pm;aomufrsKdqdk@vmcJhwJh rsufESmtpftpf tqDysHysHrsufESm}uD;[m rmefzDaewJh AD,uferf0ufjzLodk;}uD;waumif&JŒ rsufESmrsKd; jzpfvmw,f? “rif;u b,fvdkaumifvJuG? igæ EdkifiHa&;orm;rsKd;pHkeJ@ñuHzl;w,f? [dk;wkef;u OD;ausmf+idrf;wdk@ OD;baqGwdk@vdk yk*~dKvf}uD;awGeJ@vJ axmifxJrSm ñuHzl;w,f? olwdk@u odyfeyfw,f? odyfyg;w,f? odyf pnf;±H;k wwfw,f? axmifxrJ mS b,fvykd *k Kd~ vfukd b,fvq kd ufq&H r,fqw kd m odyef m;vnfw,f? tae acsmifatmifaewwfw,f?” [kwfovm; r[kwfovm;qdkwmawmh usaemfrod? 'kw, d axmifyikd }f uD; bd=k unf[m usaemfrh suEf mS udk pdu k =f unf&h if; tm%mydik w f a,muf&ŒJ avoH [efyeftjynfheJ@ quf&$D;aew,f?

“EdkifiHa&;orm;qdkwm tJ'Dvdk nuf&w,f? rif;u bmEdkifiHa&;orm;vJuG/ udk,hfudk,fudk,f taeacsmif atmifraewwfb;l ? ud, k t fh cGit hf a&; ud, k yf w d w f ahJ umif/ aomuf±;l yJ? 'g æ t}uD;rm;qH;k axmifpnf;urf;csKd;azmufr_yJ/ EdkifiHawmfudkyg apmfum;r_yJ” bdk=unfu usaemfhtay: t}uD;tus,fqHk;pGJcsuf}uD;awGygwif&if; tay:pD;uae armufarmuf rmrm apmfum;jyaew,f? “a[haumifæ rif;udk ig aemufqHk;ar;r,f/ EdkifiHawmftvHudk tav;ðyrvm;/ rðybl;vm;” olu tHukd wcsu}f udwv f u kd +f yD; aemufq;kH &mZoHukd wif;wif;rmrmay;vmw,f? axmifr;ª av; oef;vGiftyg tem;&Sdvltm;vHk;u usaemfhrsufESmqD vSrf;=unfhw,f? “rqvtvHudk usaemf tav;rðyEdkifbl;” usaemfhajzoHtqHk;rSm 'k axmifydkif}uD;bdk=unf[m wl;wl;cg;cg; rkef;rkef;wD;wD;t=unfheJ@ quf=unfh+yD;æ “'Daumif t±l;/ t±l;wdkufydk@ ydwfvdkuf” aemufqHk; pD&ifcsufudk csrSwfay;vdkufygw,f?

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0if;wifhxGef;

t±l;wdkuf aemufqHk;awmh 'Dwdkufcef;usOf;av;xJa&mufvm&ygawmhw,f? t±l;wdkufæ wJh? bdk=unf&JŒE_wfxGufpum;t& t±l;wdkufqdkyguvm;? tif;pdefaxmifrSmaecJhwkef;uvJ wdkufaygif;pHkrSmaecJhzl;+yD/ t±l;wdkufqdkwmawmh r=um;zl;bl;cJh? ppfacG;wdkuf/ vufyg;wdkufwdk@awmh =um;zl;cJhw,f? 'Dom,m0wDaxmifrSmvJ wdkufxJaecJh&zl;+yD/ v,f orm;olykef}uD; q&mpHudkxm;cJhw,fqdkwJh wdkufudkvJjrifcJhzl;+yD/ t±l;wdkufqdkwmudkawmh r=um;zl;cJh? bd=k unftqdt k & t±l;wdu k q f akd wmh 'Dwu kd u f kd bmvd@k t±l;wdu k v f @kd ac:wmygvrd ?hf pOf;pm;aewke;f &Sad o;/ “[m; [m;æ b,facG;vlxif&rSmwHk;uG/ vD;bJa[h” qdkwJhtoHeJ@twl jzef;ceJ jzef;ceJ oJr_HawG usvmw,f/ usaemft h cef;a&SŒtxd usvmw,f? ab;b,fnm aumfyuf qkyyf ufaeyH&k w,f? usaemfh &JŒnmbufuyf&uftcef;u usaemfh&JŒrod&ao;wJh tcef;azmf&JŒtoHeJ@ vufpGrf;jyv_yf&Sm;aer_yg uvm;? *wfpwmydk oef;axG;&JŒzdeyfcsuf vufo;D csuaf wGa=umifh wud, k v f ;kH udu k cf eJ musif atmifw h uf ae&mu acgi;f axmif+yD;x=unfv h u kd af wmh usaemft h cef;0a&SŒwnfw h nfrh mS tifrwef}uD;wJh acs;wH;k }uD;? rmawmifhrJeufaewJh acs;wHk;}uD;? av;ig;ajcmufvufravmuf&Sdrvm; rajymwwf? em&D0ufavmuft=umrSm “[mæ 'Daumifuawmh &rf;xm;jyef+yD/ acs;awGudk yGpm=uJvdk@/ oJawGa&mtESH@yJ/ 'kuQygyJ”qdkwJh nnf;oHeJ@twl wdkufwef;pD;jzpfyHk&ol[m wHjrufpnf;wdkwacsmif;eJ@ vdkufvSJaewmjrifvdkuf&w,f?

2? wu,fu 'Dwdkuf[m aq;±Hk0if;xJuwdkuf? 'gayr,fh aq;±Hkwdkufawmhr[kwf? 'Dwdkuf&JŒa&SŒ cyfuyfuyfrSm wxyfwdkufao;ao;wvHk;&Sdao;w,f? tJ'DwdkufxJrSmrS aq;&Hk0if;twGif;aecGifh csay; xm;wJh ouf}uD;&G,t f w kd csK@d aexdik af e=uwJt h wGuf aq;±Hw k u kd v f @kd ajym&rSmyg? olw@kd uwmh eJeJ vGwf vyfw,f? usaemfhudkxnfh+yD;ydwfxm;wJhwdkufrSm tcef;rsm;rsm;r&Sdovdk/ wdkufydwfcHtusOf;om;vJ rsm;rsm; &S[ d efrwlyg? usaemfah b;cef; tcef;azmfuawmh oGuo f u G v f nfatmif±;l ae+yDjzpfwhJ tusO;f om; t±l; wa,mufyg? usaemfh b,fbufcef;rSm vlr&Syd g? wcef;ausmrf mS awmh ±l;pðyaewJh vlwa,muf/ oGuo f u G v f nf atmif ±l;aewmawmhr[kwf? wcsuf wcsufrSpdwfazmufwwfyHk&ygw,f? olu Armr[kwf/ tuf(z) tmpD (FRC)vd@k pm&if;oGi;f xm;wJh tuf(z)tmpD w±kwpf pfppfwa,muf? Armpum;vJ odyw f wf[ef rwlyg? axmifxJa&mufrS eJeJ yg;yg;yJ wwfxm;wJhArmpum;eJ@ usaemfhudk pum;ajymzdk@óud;pm;ygw,f? olajymwJhpum;wdkif;udk usaemfu em;rvnf? ol@uakd wmh ae@vnfwikd ;f wdu k w f ef;pD;‘udv k mb’u a&csK;d xkwaf y;wJt h wGuf usaemfvrS ;f jrif&yg w,f? t&yf&Snf&Snf qHyif&Snf&Snf/ tom;ujzLjzLeJ@ vlyHkacsmav;wa,mufyg? rsufvHk;awGuawmh yHkrSefrusvSbJ &Da0qdkif;ysaeygw,f? wef;pD;udkvmbu b,fvdka[mufa[muf Armpum;udkvJ aumif;aumif;em;rvnf[efeJ@ olvkyfcsifovdk vkyfygw,f?

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

6 wdu k rf mS avmufuu kd w f m cHz;l ovm; axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (10) 0if;wifhxGef;

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6 wkdufrSmavmufudkufwmcHzl;ovm;

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(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; taz OD;av;OD;±_wif}uD;udak wmh ‘rke@f qaD =umf’wJ?h ausmx f ;l udak wmh‘ud'k go’/emrnf0u S af wG toD;oD; &Sd=uygw,f? “rke@f qaD =umf/ rke@f qaD =umf ud, k w f ikd v f yk w f hJ rke@f qaD =umf” qdw k hJ a&S;a[mif;oDcsi;f oH}uD;xGuv f m+yD qdk&ifawmh tJ'gOD;av; OD;±_wifvSrf;+yD;qufoG,faewJhtoHygyJ? “ry'ga& æry'g&JŒ/ armif}uD; udk'gorSmjzifh cufu+yDuGm” qdkwJh Zmwfrif;om;[JoHxGufvm&ifawmh ausmfxl;u oleJ@tr_wGJ atmifoef;jrifhudk vSrf;tquftoG,fðyoHygyJ? “a=omf-bkef;}uD;/ a&;awmftrSef zwfawmhtoHwJh? zkef;}uD;vdk@ac:ayr,fh a&;awmhbukef;eJ@/ bkef;}uD;aygh? tif; - AHk;}uD;awmh vltaotaysmufydkrsm;wmaygh/ [kwfvm;AHk;}uD;” bmrSajymp&m r&Sdawmhbl;qdk&if arsmuftdk}uD;u vrf;qufav#mufoGm;&if; q&mawmf OD;y¾dwudk raxrJhjrif vkyfoGm;wm=um;&avh&Sdygw,f? EdkifiHa&;tr_wyf+yD;zrf;xm;jcif;cH&wJhq&mawmf[m cyfrqdwf vkyfaeavh&Sdayr,fh =um;&olwdkif;uawmh t0DpdcsKd;uyfr,fh arsmuftdk}uD;&JŒtoHudk em;=um;jyif;uyf jzpf&wmcsnf;jzpfygw,f? “a[h ausmfxl;/ 'Dvdkwdkufcef;rsdK;[m òrd@xJrSm pay:waomif;avmuf ray;bJr&bl;? wHcg;rS oH wHcg;eJ@/ aomhcavmufrS ESpfckxyfwyfay;xm;ao;w,f/ tapmifhta&SmufuvJae@a&mnyg (24) em&Dtajynf/h rif;wd@k tyd af ewmawmif wd@k 0g'gawGrmS tvJtvS,ef @J apmif=h uyfay;vd@k ? a[m - xrif; pm;awmhvJ tcsed rf eS 'f aH ygux f rif;eJ@umG æ [J [J” arsmuft}kd uD;&JŒ&doaH vSmifo[ H m wOD;r[kww f OD; awmh cH&ñuH&wmcsn;f jzpfygw,f? u|eaf wmfw@kd axmifxJ wdu k x f 0J if&csed rf mS au|;wJx h rif;[m ‘qefjzL’ r[kwfao;yg? vHk;wD;xrif;? pyg;vHk;Edkif;csif;/ cJuygao;/ vHk;wD;qefrS atmufapmfuvJeHvdkufao;?

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6 wkdufrSmavmufudkufwmcHzl;ovm; (6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufcHcsifovm;” qdkwmeJ@ “ (6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufcHzl;ovm; ” qdkwm jzpf ygw,f? jy\emwckcak y:&if/ tvdrk uswu hJ pd w P ckcak y:vm&if “ (6)wdu k rf mS avmufuu kd cf o H mG ;&r,f” qdkwJhpum;udk tm;&yg;& ±_HŒrJh+yD; ajymavh&Sdygw,f? tpurS cyfusOf;usOf;rsufayguftpHk[m ±_HŒrJh+yD; tm;&yg;&ajymvdu k w f t hJ cg ezl;a=um±_ŒH ±_ŒH }uD;awG=um;xJ rSm rsO;f wom;wnf;vdk jzpfomG ;wwfygw,f? tckawmh arsmuftdk}uD;&JŒ“ (6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufcHzl;ovm;a[h ”qdkwJhpum;udk u|efawmf vufawG@cHpm;od&Sdae&yg+yD;? ememusnf;usnf; cg;cg;onf;onf; ñuHawG@ae&yg+yD? ÐÐÐ “'Daumifhudkæatmvf” oydwaf &mifxaewJt h om;ta&mifa=umifh ‘a&$us;D ’vd@k emrnfay;xm;jcif;cH&wJh ppfaxmufvrS ;f a&;Adv k }f uD;waumifu 0g'guv kd rS ;f ajymvdu k +f yD;wJah emuf/ tif;pdeaf xmif ppfa=uma&;wdu k t f wGi;f uae xGufvm&+yD;wJhaemuf u|efawmf(6)wdkufxJa&mufvm&ygw,f? (6)wdkuf tcef; eHygwf(6)? “a[haumif tukefc|wf tukefc|wf/ bmrS0wfxm;vdk@r&bl; zdeyfygc|wf” 0g'gwaumifu tukecf |w+f yD; t0wftpm;rSeo f r# odr;f oGm;ygw,f? twGi;f u oHwcH g;udk aomh cwfvdkufwJhtjyif tjyifuopfom;wHcg;udkvJ *sdKif;ceJaqmifhydwfvdkufwmeJ@wòydifeuf yxrqHk; cHpm; vdu k &f wmu tarSmif"mwf/ tarSmife@J wqufwnf;uyfygvmwmu ta[mife@H ? tarSmife@J ta[mif [m b,f[mu b,f[m&JŒt&ifv@kd ajymvd@k r&atmif wom;wnf;a&m,Suaf e+yD; (6) wdu k f (6)cef;xJ pwifpHjref;&ygawmhw,f? tcef;av;[m(5)wdu k u f tcef;xuf w0ufavmufy&J rdS ,ft h jyif/ (5)wdu k x f w J ek ;f uvdk zsmpkwf av;wcsyfrSvJr&Sdawmhyg? ao;*efzvm;/ acs;*efzvm;vJ wvHk;rSr&Sdawmhyg? a'gifhauG;rSm&Sdaewmu oJyakH v;wyH?k ryDrotvif;a&mif,, hJ ahJ tmufrmS oJyakH v;wyH?k acs;eJ@ao;a&maESmaewJh oJyckH sKd ifw h iG ;f av;xJrmS awmh ‘avmuf’ awG/ avmufawGæ? v_yv f y_ f v_yv f y_ ef @J acs;xJao;xJrmS aysmaf e=uovm;/ yGaJ wmfwnfae=uovm; rajymwwfyg? &GpH &mawmh awmfawmfaumif;? avSmifyw d x f m;wJt h arSmifcef; av;xJrmS / a[mifapmfeaH ewJh acs;eH@ao;eH@awG wv_id v f id_ =f um;xJrmS avmufawGtóuduEf pS o f ufwwf qH;k &moDOwkrsK;d jzpfaeord@k vm; rajymwwf? azmuf azmuf/ azmufazmufqw kd t hJ oHav;awGawmifrS xGufaevdkufygao;w,f? rdarG;wdik ;f zarG;wdik ;f cE<mud, k ef @J oHwikd ef m;u tcef;a'giahf uG;av;rSm tomt,mxdik cf svu kd af wmh a&cJw;kH ay:zifcx k ikd v f u kd &f ovdk usicf eJ at;pdro hf mG ;ygw,f? orHovif;ay:u tat;"mwfu;kd ? at; prf; at;prf; at;prf;uG? a&$usD;rsufESm bGm;ceJ ay:vmovdk ‘atmvf’qdkwm 'grsKd;udk;qdkwJh todudk emusicf cH ufpmG rSwo f m;xm;vdu k rf w d ,f? ‘wdu k ’f xJxnf+h yD; ESyd pf ufxm;&wmawmif tm;r& ao;vd@k wdkuf&JŒwdkuftjzpf (6)wdkufxJxnfh/ opfom;wHcg;}uD;ygxyfydwf/ wudk,fvHk; tm;vHk; tukefc|wf/ zsmwcsyaf pmifyg;av;wxnfawmifray;bJ acs;,dpk &m ao;aygupf &m *efzvm;av; awmif&cdS iG rhf ay;yJ tckvkd aocsio f vdak oxm;vdu k w f mudk “atmvf”vd@k ac:wmrsm;vm;? ‘atmvf’ qdw k mu ‘tm;vH;k ’ ‘tukefvHk;’ qdkwhJ t"dy`m,fyJr[kwfvm;?

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96

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6 wkdufrSmavmufudkufwmcHzl;ovm; aumifawGu rukeEf ikd f rcef;Edik ?f =umawmh aomufa&td;k ay:txd wv$m;v$m;wufvmaewJh avmuf awGom wdk;vmEdkifzG,f&SdwJhtwGuf a&SŒvSrf;vSrf;ypfaewJh tpDtpOfudk &yfqdkif;ypfvdkuf&awmhw,f? avmufe@J ywfoufv@kd u|eaf wmfw@kd ArmawGajym=uqd=k u oH;k E_;H cdik ;f E_id ;f =uwmawGuv kd J vufawG@e@J ,SOf +yD; jyefqifjcif=unfrh ad ew,f? “acs;xJuavmuf acs;xJaysm”f wJ?h [kwyf g&ŒJ ? aysmaf evdu k =f uwm wazmufazmufe@J ? 'gayr,fh acs;xJru vlay:xdatmif wufwufvmwm/ ajcaxmufuu kd f vufuu kd f aygifudkuf udkufvm=uwmuawmh awmfawmftcH&cufw,f? avmufudkufcH&w,fajym&if ,HkcsifrS awmh ,H=k ur,f? 'DrmS uawmh wu,fu h v kd ufawG@? aygief @J vufrmS avmuf&ŒJ pkwcf u G x f yd zf sm;av;awGe@J txdk;cHxm;&wJhae&mu acs;&nfao;&nfaiG@awGeJ@yg taiG@±dkufcHxm;&vdk@vm;rajymwwf temawG awmifjzpfvmw,f? ±dk;±dk;om;om;yJ 0efcHyghr,f? pdwf"mwfa&;&mt& EdkifiHa&;qdkif&m tawG;tac:qdkif&mawGeJ@wif ud, k u hf , kd u f , kd f oHcw J if rmefwif;ae&wmr[kw?f r=umr=um owdyÏmefav;uyf+yD; w&m;xdik =f unfh &if; ysŒH vGiahf ewJph w d af wGukd tm;,lóud;pm; qGcJ sKyf=unhaf ech&J ygw,f? 'D=um;xJu uAsm&dyaf wG0ifvm&if uAsmpyf=unfhygw,f? pdwfeJ@zGJ@/ pdwfeJ@oD./ pdwfeJ@&Gwf/ pdwfeJ@rSwf? tm;vHk;aygif;qHkrdoGm;vdk@vm;awmh rod? eJeJawmhcHEdkif&nf &Sdvmovdkvdk cHpm;&vmw,f? “tom;xJu avmufxGuf”wJh? “opPmazmufavmufaumif”whJ? ArmvlrsKd;awG&JŒ qdk±dk;pum; awGav? opPmazmufukd ‘avmuf’eJ@ E_id ;f w,f? u|eaf wmfuawmh avmufwaumifa=umifh avmufe@J &ifqikd af e&wm vufawG@jzpfaew,f? u|eaf wmhu f , kd af y:wufvmaewJah vmufwaumifukd =unf&h if; pum;ajymwwfwv hJ ‘l avmuf’waumif&ŒJ rsuEf mS udv k J cg;cg;onf;onf; jyefjyefowd&aew,f? a&$us;D &JŒrsuEf mS / avmuf&ŒJ rsuEf mS / arsmuft}kd uD;&JŒrsuEf mS æ? tJ'rD suEf mS awGtm;vH;k udk zH;k v$r;f ypf+yD; yDyo D o }uD;ay:vmwmuawmh Adv k cf sKyf}uD;ae0if;qdw k hJ ol&ŒJ rsuEf mS ygy?J u|eaf wmhu f kd ±l;ae+yDvrkd xifyge@J ? rqD rqdik Af smvd@k vJ rajymyge@J ? wu,fukd u|eaf wmfjrifjrifaerdwhJ rsuEf mS awGxrJ mS Adv k af e0if;rsuEf mS }uD;vJ ygygw,f? ÐÐÐ w&ufawmh opfom;wHcg;}uD; 'dkif;ceJqGJyGifhoGm;w,f? tvif;a&mifudk jynfhjynfh00jrif&vdk@ xdkifae&muae 0rf;yef;wom tjyifbufudk=unfhvdkufr,f jyifawmh 0ifvmwmu arsmuft}kd uD;av? xH;k pHtwdik ;f avSmifovdv k kd tðyH;rJrh }hJ uD;eJ@ayg?h rsuEf mS ±_ŒH wGwG }uD;udk tH=h oovdyk pkH rH sKd ;jzpfatmif wriftwif;zefw;D ,lvu kd +f yD; vufwzufu ESmacgi;f }uD;udyk w d &f if;æ “atmf æ rif; rat;bl;vm;? rd;k wGi;f }uD;uGm/ olrsm;rsm;at;vGe;f vd@k taEG;xnfawmifxyf0wf ae&+yD? rif;rSm tukefc|wfvdk@uGm æ tHhyg&JŒ æ tHhyg&JŒ” wJh? u|eaf wmfu ud, k b hf }uD;avmuftouft&G,&f w dS o hJ @l ukd “ratvd;k }uD;”vd@k aumfqyJ pfvu kd cf sif pdwfudkreJ}uD;atmifh+yD; ol@udkcyfwif;wif; jyef=unfhaerdw,f? “trav;æ [dkbufeJeJvSnfhyg/ rif;u wrifaighjyaeovdkyJ/ igu rif;toufrS&Sdao;&JŒvm;vdk@yg 0if;wifhxGef;

99

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; æ [m; [m;” wHcg;udak qmifyh w d +f yD; jyefomG ;w,f? a'goawGu wvdyv f yd v f u d_ w f ufvmw,f? em&D0ufausmf ausmfavmuf=umawmh wHcg;}uD;*sKdif;ceJ yGifhoGm;jyefw,f? 0ifvmwmu“xrif;xdk;”‘zdk;eDawmif’yg? xHk;pHtwdkif;ESmacgif;}uD;udk ydwfvdk@? oluawmh u|efawmhftcef; wae@ESpfacguf rSefrSefa&muf&wJholyg? reuf‘xrif;xd;k ’csed f xrif;yef;uefvmay;wacgu/f nae‘xrif;xd;k ’csed f xrif;yef;uefvmay;wacgu/f aygif;ESpfacguf ra&mufa&mufatmif vm&olyg? “a&mh - a&mh uae@tom;pm;ae@æ =uufom;wJAh sæ &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; xrif;yef;uef 'efyef;uefjym;udk oHwHcg;atmufuae xdk;oGif;ay;vmw,f? vHk;wD;xrif;yHkav;ay:rSm =uufajcaxmuf}uD;wacsmif;? wu,fu =uufaygiw f aygijf zpf&rSm? yHpk t H jynfah u|;&rSmu wywfrmS tom;pm;weyf? weyftwGuf tom;(4)atmifp? (16) atmifpwaygiq f akd wmh (4)atmifp[m (7)usyo f m;avmuf&&dS rSm? aygi&f if; uaer[kwaf yr,fh 'l;qpftxuf tom;awmf±akH wmhyg&rSm/ tckawmh wu,fu h kd ajcaxmufwacsmif; omom? tom;u bk&m;pl;rdk;óud;ypf ygw,fqdk±Hkav;” (5)wdu k w f ek ;f uvdo k mqd&k if “rat;vd;k awG yHpk aH wmifrw&m;cd;k w,f? 'Dvakd jcaxmuf±;kd }uD; vm ay;&ovm;uG” vd@k qJrrd mS trSe?f tckvJ yg;pyfu qJrad wmhrvdjk zpfomG ;+yD;rS wpHw k ckukd owd&oGm;rd+yD; 0rf;omvdkufwm? =uuf±dk;}uD;udk=unfh+yD; 0rf;omvdkufwm? zdk;eDawmif opfom;wHcg;}uD;udk *sKdif;ceJqGJydwfoGm;wmawmif owdrxm;rdvdkuf? =uuf±dk;}uD;udk tm;yg;w&qGJ+yD; reyfweyfcsufxm;wJhtwGuf tay:urmawmifhuyfaewJhta&jym;xlxl}uD;udk *±kwpdkuf zJh,lpm;aomufaerdw,f? vl@pdwfrsm;b,favmufcufovJ? t&ifu tckvdk rusufwusufcsufxm;&if awmfawmfa'go jzpfrdayr,fh tckawmh tckvdkcsufwmudkawmif auseyfrdovdkvdkjzpfvdkufao;? El;El;eyfeyf jzpfae&if tcuf? xrif;wqkyf [if;wqkyfeJ@ =uuf±dk;}uD;udkajymifpifoGm;atmifpkyf,lpm;aomuf+yD;wJhtcg ajc axmuf±dk;rmrm}uD;om usefawmhw,f? t"dutoHk;csp&m a&&SnftoHk;csp&m}uD;wckawmh&+yD? aemufaz;oGm;+y;D &if okwpf &mwkwaf csmif;}u;D wckawmh&+y?D =uufajcaxmuf±;kd wkwaf csmif;? oH;k +y;D ao;&nfxJxnfhaq;/ +yD;&if eH&Haxmifxm;/ ±dk±dkaoaooHk;&if teJqHk;q,fhav;ig;&ufavmufawmh tomuav;aygh? csOfaygif±dk;vdk aysmhacGtdzwfoGm;p&m ta=umif;r&Sdawmh? 0rf;omvdkufwJhjzpfjcif;? avmufawGwifyg;txd txdk;tudkufcH&pu abmif;bDwdkav;wxnfavmufrsm; udk,frSm 0wfxm;cGiu hf seaf o;&if awmfawmfaumif;rSmyJv@kd pOf;pm;rd+yD; tJ'pD Of;pm;rdru _ awmh b,fvrkd S jynf0h cGihf ray:vm? aemufaz;oGm;+yD; okwpf &mwkwaf csmif;av;wckavmuf&&dS ifaumif;rSmyJqw kd muawmh tck jynfhpHkoGm;+yD? ,m,DjynfhpHkoGm;+yD? “vlwdk@=uH x&Hawmif acs;okwfcaemif;jzpf” qdkwJh i,fi,fwkef;u =um;cJh&zl;wJhjyufvHk;pum;[m bm[kwfao;vdk@vJ? tckawmh “ vlwdk@=uH =uufajcaxmufawmif acs;okwfwHjzpf ” oGm;&+yDr[kwfvm;? xrif;pm;+yD;awmh oHwdkif=um;uaevufv#Ld+yD; a&av;wcGuf cyfaomufrdw,f? a&uvJ rsm; rsm;r&Sd? rsm;rsm;&SdvJ rsm;rsm;raomuf&J? rsm;rsm;aomuf&if rsm;rsm;aygufrdayvdrfhr,f? rsm;rsm; aygufrd&if ‘r[meHwmtdkif}uD;’acsmif;aygufoGm;Edkifw,f? wv_yfv_yfeJ@vm&wmawmif &ifbwfay: txd a&mufa&mufvmwwfwhJ ‘avmuf’aumifawG[m acsmif;ayguo f mG ;vd@k uawmh q,fq rujref 100

0if;wifhxGef;

6 wkdufrSmavmufudkufwmcHzl;ovm; wJh tjrefE_ef;eJ@ ydkrdk'kuQay;=uvdrfhr,f? ausmwcif;pmtwGuf wpfESpfoHk;av;ta&twGuf ajcmuf axmifeJ@ ajcmufajcmufaoG@aoG@ae&muav;wck zefwD;EdkifawmhrSmr[kwf? “xdr/_ odr/_ TESpcf /k =uyf=uyfowdðy” wJ?h oJtif;*lq&mawmf}u;D uawmh 0dy\emw&m;awmfukd avmukw&W mvrf;pOfbufuae wifjyoGm;cJw h ,f? u|eaf wmfuawmh ‘xdr’_ vJ xdreS ;f / odrb _ ufuae odoad eygw,f? 'gayr,fh avmukw&W mr[kww f hJ avmuDvrf;uae jzpfaewJt h wGuf xd&if/ xdwmudk od+yD; emygw,f? ESv;kH om;xJtxd emygw,f? t±d;k xJtxdemygw,f? w&m;r&Edik af o;bl;vd@k ajymcsif vJ ajymygap? avmufudkufxm;&muaejzpfvmwJh temawGudk=unfh&if;‘avmufaumif’&JŒ rsufESmudkvJ ajy; ajy;jrifygw,f? avmufawGuv kd J aoaocsmcsm=unfrh yd gw,f? arsmuft}kd uD;&JŒtoHuv kd J jyefjyef =um; aerdygw,f? a&$usD;&JŒrsufESmpkwfc|ef;c|ef;udkvJ ‘odr_’ w&m;u aumif;aumif;}uD;rSwfrdaeygw,f? tm;vHk;&JŒtay:rSmawmh Adkvfae0if;&JŒrsufESm}uD;u v$rf;v$rf;oGm;ygw,f? ÐÐÐ tESpfESpfq,fausmfchJyg+yD? avmufaumifawGvJawG@cJhzl;/ avmufudkufwmvJcH&zl;+yD; avmufudkuf'%f&mawG udk,frSm aysmufum ESvHk;om;xJavmufom usefawmhayr,fh “ajcmufwdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl; ovm;a[h” qdkwJh toHudkawmh ta=umif;qHkwdkif; jyefjyefowd&aerdygw,f? Ò

0if;wifx h eG ;f

0if;wifhxGef;

101

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm;

axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; (11)

102

0if;wifhxGef;

(10)bkwf/ (14)a,muf

(10) bkw/f (14)a,muf 0if;wifhxGef; (1) “ xdkif ” bkwfudkif&J@toH// wbkwfvkH; xdkifvdkuf=u&w,f// “ zdeyfcsKyf (10)bkwf (14)a,muf ” rdef;a*s;vf ±kH;cef;av;xJuae wm0efusaxmifrª;qdkolu rsufESmxm;atmufodk;odk;eJ@ armfh=unfhw,f// usaemfwdk@bkwfudkif udkwifodef;u rwfwyf&yfykHpHtaetxm;jynfheJ howif;ydk@t+yD; vmvwW@H aomtrde@f oH udk apmifv h ifah ew,f// axmifr;ª em;u wef;pD;u pm&Guyf pHk }H uD;ay: pm&if;awGukd cyfoGufoGufa&;oGif;vdkuf&if; oGm;qdk+yD;ajymvdkufcsdefrSmawmh æ “ x - xGuf ” qdkwJh bkwfudkif&J@toHeJ@twl/ (10)bkwfpm&if;0ifbkwfom;tm;vkH; xdkif&mrS rwfwyf&yfvu kd =f u&+yD;/ tvky}f uD;0if; *dwaf yguq f D OD;wnfwef;pDxu G v f m=u&w,f// usaemfw@kd bkwf a&S@rmS vJ wbkw+f yD;wbkwf tckvykd J wef;pD xdik x f pm&if;ay;xGucf mG =u&ovd/k usaemfw@kd aemufrmS vJ qdkif&mqdkif&mbkwftvdkuf tvkyf}uD;ustusOf;om;awGu tpDt&D// qGrf;}uD;cHxGuf=u&wJh vlwef; }uD;eJ@yJ wlovdkvdk/ or0g,rqdkif wef;pDwdk;pm;vkyfae=uwJh vlwef;}uD;eJ@yJ wloa,mifa,mif// usaemfph w d x f rJ mS awmh ac|;wyftqGcJ x H m;&wJh ac|;wyfom;wef;}uD;[m rvkycf siyf gbeJ @J twif;vkyaf e& wJt h vkycf iG q f D wa&G@a&G@omG ;ae&wJyh pHk rH sK;d eJ@y+kd yD; wlaew,f// touft&G,af wGu rsK;d pkyH govdk tom; ta&mifrsK;d pkH ykpH rH sK;d pkH tr_aygi;f pkH b0aygi;f pkH jzpfygw,f// tm;vk;H ruGrJ jym;wlnaD ewmuawmh axmifcs cHxm;&+yD;om; axmifustusO;f om; axmifom;qdw k mygy/J / axmifcs+yD;wmeJ@/ axmifustusO;f om; jzpf+yD;wmeJ@trsm;wumhtrsm;pk}uD;[m tvky}f uD;wm0ef tcsc=H u&ygw,f// omreftusO;f om;rsm; uawmh tvky}f uD;csc&H wm bmrSx;l xl;jcm;jcm; odyrf jzpf=uayrJh wcsK@d qkd tvky}f uD;csxm;cHpm&if;0if jzpfomG ;+yDqw kd m 0rf;awmifom=uao;ayrJ/h usaemfw@kd uawmh wpufuav;rS 0rf;rom=uyg// b,fvkd vky+f yD; 0rf;om&rSmvJ// pOf;pm;=unfah væ/ [dw k ek ;f uqd&k if Edik if aH &;yk'rf eJ@axmifcsc&H wJh edik if aH &;orm; qd&k if bDuvyfpf ay;&w,f// oD;oef@Eikd if aH &;orm;tcGit hf a&; ay;&w,f// tckawmh æ'D acG;rsK;d rqv ppftpd;k &u wrifoufouf,w k rf m+yD;usaemfw@kd tay: tpDtpOf&&dS edS EH rdS jf yD; omreftusO;f om;awGe@J wef;wljzpfatmif tvky}f uD;csxm;ay;rSe;f odae&awmh b,fvv kd yk 0f rf;om&rSmvJ// +yD;awmh ajymvdu k f ao;? axmifxJa&muf&if axmifom;yJ &Sdw,f/ tm;vkH;axmifom;yJ/ EdkifiHa&;orm;qdkwm r&Sdbl;/ bmaumif}uD; nmaumif}uD;qdkwmawG Al;0rSmc|wfxm;cJh/ 'DxJrSm bmaumifqdkwmrSrvdkcsifbl; æ wJ/h / omref&mZ0wfre_ @J tusO;f om;awGuawmh/ tvky}f uD;csxm;cH&+yD;+yDqakd wmhæ (uGm) &r,f/ (uGm)& &if axmifusavsm&h ufw;kd +y;D &Edik rf ,f/ jrefjrefvw G zf @kd tcGit hf a&;&Edik w f ,fv@kd jrif=u+y;D usaemfw@kd vakd wmh 0if;wifhxGef;

103

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; b,frSmcHpm;emusifr_ &Sd=uyghrvJ// (uGm) qdkwmu axmifwGif;a0g[m&wckaygh // uGmwm;vD;qdkwJh t*Fvyd pf um;uae vmwmaerSmaygh // uGmwm;vD;qdw k m av;ykw H yku H kd qdv k w kd mr[kwv f m;// wESprf mS - (12)v/ (12)v&J@av;ykHwykH[m (3)vaygh// tvkyf}uD;us tusOf;om;tzdk@/ tJ'Dvdk(3)vjynfhwdkif; wuGm&w,f// wESpfqdk&if av;uGm &w,f// uGmudkxyf+yD; tqifhcGJxm;vdkufao;w,f// (u) }uD; uGmwJ/h (c)acG; uGmwJ/h (*)i,f uGmwJ/h / (u)}uD;uGm qdw k mu yxrwef;pm;ayg/h wuGmudk &uf(40)ausmf }u;D rsm;awmif av#m&h ufay;owJ/h / wESpaf v;uGm qdak wmh wESpaf v#m&h ufucsn;f &ufaygi;f (160)ausm/f (170)ausmf// ESpf0ufeD;yg;aygh // (c)acG;uGmu wuGm &uf(30)ausmf/ (*)i,fuGmu (28)&uf qdkvm;yJ/ tJ'gayrJh csKyfxm;wmu uGmawG b,favmuf&vdk@ av#mh&ufawG b,favmufrsm;rsm;/ tm;vkH;ðcH vdkuf&if okH;ykHwykHudkufxufawmh rydkap& æwJh// qdkvdkwmu axmifokH;ESpftcscHxm;&&if trsm;qkH; av#mh&uf[m wESpfyJ&r,f/ (2)ESpfxufenf;+yD;awmhawmh/ axmifuxGufcGifhr&Edkifbl;/ tenf;qkH; jypf'%f(2)ESpcf &H r,fqw kd hJ oabmaygh // wckawmh &Syd gw,f/ tvky}f uD;xJomG ;ae&wmu taqmifrmS ae&wmxufawmh enf;enf;*Gif ydu k s,o f a,mifa,mif vGwv f yfoa,mifa,mif cHpm;&w,f// usaemf wd@k ukd eHErdS +f yD; bmEdik if aH &;orm;rS r&Sb d ;l / tm;vk;H axmifom;yJvkd ah ºuG;a=umfowfrw S x f m;ayrJ/h olw@kd udk,fwdkifu rodromtodtrSwfðyjyD; ac:a0:ae&wmuawmh “ 5§n ”awG æwJh? 5§n æ tkyfwJh? ac:vJac:p&mygyJ? tJ'w D ek ;f u usaemfw@kd tr_ww JG l tkypf w k l axmifcscv H u kd &f olawGucsn;f ta,muf(50)ausm}f uD; rsm;awmif &Syd gw,f// taqmifrmS a&mufawmh tcef;awG cG+J yD;ae&mcsxm;ovd/k tvky}f uD;rSmvJ ae&mcGJ +yD;csxm;w,f// wcsK@d u tvky}f uD;,ufuef;rSm/ wcsK@d u vuform;rSm/ usaemfw@kd uawmh zdeyfcsKyfqkd wmrSmæ// tvky}f uD;,ufuef;/ vuform;/ zdeyfcsKyfqw kd hJ tvkyXf me/ tvky±f cHk si;f wlwmawmif/ reufwef;pD +yD;xGu&f wJt h cgrmS awmh bkwq f w kd mcsi;f u wljyefwmr[kw/f / ol@bw k ef @J o/l ud, k b hf w k ef @J u, kd f xGu=f u& wm// wcsKd@bkwfu q,fa,mufavmufyJ &Sdwm&Sdovdk/ wcsKd@u q,fhav;ig;a,muf/ wcsKd@bkwfu ta,mufEpS q f ,favmuf pojzifh pojzifh &Sw d ,f// tckusaemfw@kd bw k [ f m (14)a,muf&w dS ,f// eHywf (10)ajrmuf bkwjf zpfw,f// 'ga=umifh axmifwiG ;f pnf;urf;owfrw S cf sut f & bkwu f ikd v f yk o f u l w&m; 0if t0iftxGufowif;ydk@&awmh/ “ tvkyf}uD;/ zdeyfcsKyf/ 10 bkwf-14 a,muf” bkwu f ikd u f udw k ifoed ;f // olu usaemfw@kd vkd 5n r[kw/f vlowfre_ J ah xmifusvmol// axmifouf awmifawmfawmfav; &aejyD// vlu ydeyf ed &f n S &f n S f rJraJ jcmufajcmuf/ vlowform;±kyf eJeaJ v;rSrxGu?f rsufrSef}uD;w0if;0if;eJ@/ awmausmif;q&m *dkufrsKd;aygufaew,f// ol@tajymuawmh rcHEdkifvGef;vdk@ a'gotavsmuf vlowfru _ sL;vGev f m&wmyg æ wJ/h / [kwaf vmufp&m &Syd gw,f// bkwu f ikd o f m vkyaf e &ayrJh wjcm;bkwu f ikd af wGv/kd ociftm;& - u|eyf g;0tvkyrf sK;d vkyw f mr&S&d mS // zdeyfcsKyf±x Hk rJ mS vJ ol[m zdeyfcsKyfu|r;f usio f l zdeyfcsKyfq&m// “ ud, k v hf w l @kd jy\emrwufatmif/ usaemft h ay:vJ ykrH usatmif/ vnfovdkom=unfhae=uAsm ææ cifAsm;wdk@[m ynmwwfawGyJ æ” vdk@ wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwfajym+yD;/ wcsKd@udpP roda,mifrjrifa,mif aqmifay;w,f// c|efwm csufwmawG rvkyf// tvkyf}uD;us axmifom;tkyf axmifom;wef;}uD;u ppfab;'kuQonftkyf}uD; wa&G@a&G@oGm;ae wmeJ@vJ =uH=uHzefzefwal eoa,mif xifrjd yefw,f// =unfah v æ vufawGu ºuGyºf uGyt f w d af v;awGukd 104

0if;wifhxGef;

(10)bkwf/ (14)a,muf ud, k pf u D ikd v f @kd // taoG;ta&mifawGuvJ rGrJ aJG jcmufajcmufe@J // tjyifrmS b,favmuftom;jzLjzL/ 'DxrJ mS a&mufvm&if e*dt k jzLa&miftom;[mvJ jzLajcmufajcmufyjJ zpfomG ;&um w±kwb f ed ;f pm;tom; jzpf oGm;&ygw,f// tpurS cyfrrJ q J &kd ifawmh a*:&if*sD tom;ta&mif ayguv f m&ygw,f// b,fvrkd S pdpk akd jy ajyr&Syd g// vlwikd ;f vlwikd ;f tvdt k avsmuf ud, k af &mifu, kd 0f gawGyg rSed o f mG ;&ovdyk gy/J / a&a=umif/h tpm; taomufa=umif/h ae&xdik &f r_awGa=umifw h ifru/ edp"P 0l tqJtqdk tqltaiguf t}udr;f tarmif;awG a=umifha&m/ wrifoufouf eHESdrfqufqHcHae&r_awGa=umifhyg/ trsKd;rsKd;aomta=umif;a=umif;awG a=umifh tm;vkH;tm;vkH;aom tusOf;om;axmifom;wdkif;avmuf[m udk,fa&mif udk,f0g rGJajcmuf ajcmufjzpfae&wmcsn;f yJv@kd xifryd gw,f// vufxu J ºuGyºf uGyt f w d af v;awGxrJ mS vlwikd ;f vdv k kd yg=u wmu yvwfpwpfaumfZvkHav;awGyg// a&r_wf}uD;}uD;eJ@ a&okH;r_wfpmavmufqHhr,fht&G,fwl yvwfpwpfaumfZvkaH v;awGyg// bmvd@k t&G,w f v l @kd ajym&ovJ qd&k ifætjyifuaxmif0ifpmvmawG@ oluaxmifteD;u axmifom;rsm;twGuyf pPn;f av;awGa&mif;wJq h ikd af wGrmS b,fvykd pPn;f rsK;d 0,fay; oifhovJvdk@ pkHprf;ar;jref;+yD;0,fay;r,fqdk&if/ r&SdrjzpfypPnf;tjzpfajym+yD;/ xdk;ay;vdkufr,fhypPnf; eHywfwpf[m 'DZvkaH v;rsK;d awGyjJ zpfr,ft h jyif t&G,u f vJ 'Dt&G,af v;awGcsn;f yJjzpfwma=umifh jzpfyg w,f// 'ga=umift h a&mifomuGmr,f/ t&G,u f awmh twlwcl sn;f jzpfygw,f// vlwikd ;f vlwikd ;f [m yvwf pwpfaumfZvkHav;awG udk,fpDeJ@csnf;jzpfygw,f// wcsKd@uawmh yvwfpwpfaumfZvkHav;udk ºuGyfºuGyftdwfxJawmif rxnfh/ tay:E_wfcrf;axmifhauG;av;rSm taygufav;azmuf+yD; óud;v#Ldcsnf aESmifxm;+yD;/ yck;H rSmvG,x f m;=uolawGvJ &Syd gw,f// aoewfv, G x f m;ovdrk sK;d / vG,t f w d f vG,x f m; ovdrk sK;d ayg/h / vSr;f =unfv h u kd &f if vl&@J rsuEf mS om oJou J u JG rJG jrif&&if &Srd ,f/ vlawG&@J u, kd af y:u a&mifpHk aumfZvkHav;awG&,f/ vufxJu ºuGyfºuGyftdwfa&mifpkHav;awG&,fuawmh xifxif&Sm;&Sm; jrif&yg vdrrhf ,f// bke;f }u;D eJ@oydwv f /kd tvky}f u;D us axmifom;tusO;f om;eJ@ yvwfpwpfaumfZvk[ H m cGrJ &Edik f wJh ta&;}uD;ypPn;f wckjzpfaeygw,f// wu,fukd 'DyvwfpwpfaumfZvkaH v;awGuvJ tif;pdef e&odef }uD;xJrSmawmh tokH;0ifvSygw,f// =unfhav æ 'DaumfZvkH[m xrif;pm;csdefrSm xrif;pm;zdk@ZvkH// a&csK;d csed u f sawmhaumæ/ a&csK;d zd@k a&cyfp&mcGu[ f m 'DaumfZvkcH u G af v;yJayg/h / ud, k chf u G u f , kd , f o l mG ;+yD; a&csK;d &wm// a&uefbm,mu cyf-wcGuf vd@k wikd af y;oHe@J tnD/ cyfciG &hf wJah &wcGu[ f m 'DZvkaH v;cGuf uav;yJaygh/ cGuf}uD;}uD;eJ@oGm;cyfvdk@/ &wmr[kwfbl;// 'DZvkH[m v,form;awG&J@(46)aygifudkuf/ orm"dwif;awmif;vdkyJ/ tif;pdefe&odeftusOf;om;awG&J@pHudkufpHawmf0ifa&cGufvJyJ jzpfw,f// taqmifrSmqdk&if 'DvdkaumfZvkHcGufeJ@ trsm;qkH;a&csKd;cGifh&wm (10)cGufyJ// wcgwcga&&Sm;wJhtcg/ o}uFefvdktcgrsKd;rSmqdk&if 'DvdkaumfZvkHcGufeJ@ (6)cGufeJ@tjyD;csKd;&wmawmif &Sdao;// a&&Sm;wJhtcg (6)cGufuawmh [kwfyg+yD/ b,fhES,fo=uFef}uD;vdktcsdef (6)cGufqdkwmuawmh æ w,fvdkvJvdk@ em;±_yfroGm;ygeJ@// o}uFefqdkwm tjyifrSmom tjyifavmuom;awGtwGufom a& obifyGJawmf/ a&upm;yGJ// axmifxJrSmu tjyifuvlawG a&tokH;rsm;csdefjzpfvdk@a&tenf;qkH;yJvm wJhtcsdef/ a&csKd;cGifh cGufa&tenf;qkH;yJ csKd;&csdefav// 'DaumfZvkHcGuf&J@aemufxyftokH;0if/ vufawG@ tokH;cswefzdk;}uD;wrsKd;uawmhnus&if tdyf&m0if&if acgif;tkH;aygh// ZvkHav;udkarSmuf+yD;/ ykqdk;pkwf 'grSr[kwf tusôav;eJ@ywf+yD;csxm;tokH;ðyvdkuf&if acgif;tkH;tjzpftokH;awmfcH&Smawmhwmaygh// aumfZvkcH u G af &mifpHk ºuGyºf uGyt f w d rf sK;d pkaH &mifpeHk @J tvky}f uD;us tusO;f om;wef;}uD;[m tvkyf 0if;wifhxGef;

105

(6)wdkufrSm avmufudkufwm cH&zl;ovm; ESifh tjcm;axmif0wˆKwdkrsm; }uD;0if;xJa&mufvm+yD;wJhaemufrSmawmh/ udk,fhtvkyf±kHXme&Sd&mbufqD udk,fcsKd;+yD;0ifvm=u&w,f? ud, k b hf w k ef @J u, kd /f ud, k t hf yk pf ek @J u, kd af yg/h / ,ufuef;/ vuform;/ yef;yJw@kd u b,fzuf/ zdeyfcsKyf/ pmtkyf csKyfw@kd u nmzufqakd wmh tusO;f om;wef; tusO;f om;tky}f u;D udk (2)ydik ;f cGyJ pfvu kd o f vdk jzpfomG ;w,f? vrf;r}uD;jcm;xm;wJh [dkzuf&yfuGufeJ honfzuf&yfuGufav;vdk jzpfoGm;w,f// ,ufuef;bkwu f awGjzpfwhJ tud}k u;D udv k aS &$ / OD;av;Adv k pf ;kd wif/h OD;xGe;f atmif/ OD;azwif/ udòk z;d xdef pwJhusaemfwdk@ 5§n nDaemifwtkyfu b,fzufjcrf;qD csKd;0ifoGm;wm vSrf;jrif&w,f// usaemfwdk@zdeyfcsKyf (10)bkwfu (14)a,mufudkjyef=unfhvdkufr,fqdk&ifvJ wef;pD;udkwifodef; wa,mufuvGJvdk@usef(13)a,mufvkH;[m EdkifiHa&;r_awGcsnf;// 'gayrJh tm;vkH; 5§n awGcsnf;awmh r[kwf// u&if}uD;apm&SufzeJ@ udkpdk;xGwfwdk@u 17§1 awG æ// usaemftygt0if AdkvfZifaumh/ iodkif; acsmif;pdk;0if;/ yavmifatmifpef;/ udkarmifarmifwdwf/ udkaX;atmif(Zifvif;)/tbOD;bOD;/ OD;xGef;jrifh/ OD;ausmfjrifh/ OD;jrpdef/ OD;atmif}unfwdk@uawmh 5§n awG// (2) zdeyfcsKyf±kHu ±kH}uD;(2)±kH // usaemfwdk@u wu,fzdeyfcsKyfpufawGyg&SdwJh yxr±kH}uD;xJ0ifvdkufcsdefrSm/ vl}uD;awGjzpfwJh tb OD;bOD;/ OD;xGef;jrifh/ OD;jrpdef/ OD;ausmfjrifh/ OD;atmif}unfwdk@wawGu om;a&jym;csyf}uD;awGyJxm;wJh 'kwd,±kHxJ tv#Ldtv#Ld 0ifoGm;}uw,f// udpk ;kd xGw}f uD;u ±kx H aJ &mufwmeJ@o@l zed yfcsKyfpuf}uD;ab;csw d x f m;ypfcw hJ hJ vufEpS zf ufv;Hk r&Sad wmh wJo h @l &@J ypk eG q f aD oG;a&mif tuspô w k }f uD;udk vJv, S 0f wfqifjcif;tr_ðyae+yD// tvky0f ifawmhr,fqw kd hJ 'DZikd ;f tjynfeh @J aygh // ol@tus}ô u;D &J@rv l ta&mifu ykpeG af oG;a&mifjzpfayrJ/h pufqaD wGtvdr;f vdr;f / acs;an‡maf wG txyfxyfeJ@qdkawmh o&ufxnfyef;±kdufqifvdkvdk tuGufuGuftajymufajymufjzpfay:aeygw,f// rkwq f w d af r$;awG yg;odik ;f ar$;awGe@J tjyif qHyifuvJ zGmvHusaJ tmifx;kd xd;k axmifaxmifjzpfaewJh udkpdk;xGwf}uD;&J@'DZdkif;[m wu,fhpufq&m}uD;ykHaygufaew,f// +yD;awmhrS b,fu&xm;rSef;rod&wJh ol@&@J aq;wHw0kd g;±k;d wyf}uD;xJ aq;r_e@f awGjznf+h yD;/ rD;wd@k +yD; ol@puf}uD;aemufrmS aqmifah =umifx h ikd &f if;/ wzGm+yD;wzGm tm;&yg;& zGmawmfrlaew,f// Adv k Zf ifaumhu udw k ifoed ;f pm;yGaJ y:wifxm;wJh wlawGe@J zdeyf±u dk o f aH wGukd oGm;,lvm+yD; usaemf wdk@udka0r#ay;w,f// “ud, k v hf w l @kd / [dak &S@uzdeyfyu Hk kd 'Dae@wae@v;Hk tcsed q f +JG yD; xifovdv k nfovd±k u dk yf pfvu kd =f uzd@k y”J usaemfw@kd a&S@rvSr;f rurf;rSm ayckaH o;ao;av;awGwyfxm;wJh zdeyf±u dk t f vkypf m;yG&J n S }f uD;wvk;H ? tJ'Dtay:rSm cGm±kdufzdk@vdkaeao;wJh zdeyfykH}uD;wykH// om;a&&SL;zdeyfykH=urf;}uD;awG æ// usaemfw@kd u usaemfw@kd vufpaJG wmfºuyG ºf ut G w d u f av;awG pkyx Hk m;&m zdeyf±aHk xmifh auG;av;em; xdkif+yD;pum;pjrnfajymqdkae=u&mu wwfEdkifor# tcsdefqGJEdkifor#qGJ+yD;rS xvmcJh=uw,f// “ 'DzdeyfawGu ratvdk;0g'gawG pD;zdk@vm; rodbl;/ tukefvkH; oHawGacsmf+yD;om rodrom ±kduf ypfAsm æ” 106

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