Alexandria: reAdapting a Tower for Learning by Mistie Rodberg

Alexandria:

reAdapting a Tower for Learning

Mistie Rodberg

Contents Introduction

4-7

Site Selection

8-43

City Selection Analysis Building Selection Analysis

8-11 12-29 30-35 36-43

8-29

30-43

Program

Typology choice Experience Community Playful Color Place Called Home Personal Green Social Stair Let the Light In Modern Warmth Innovation Program

50-51 52-53 54-55 56-57 58-59 60-61 62-63 64-65

45-47 48-65

66-69

44-69

Design

70-97 Community Exterior perception Historical retention Weave Together Invite In Exterior perspective Experience Community Playful Color Place Called Home Personal Green Social Stair Let the Light In Modern Warmth Innovation

Final Documentation

72-73 72 73 74-75 76-79 78-79 80-97 82-83 84-85 86-87 88-89 90-91 92-93 94-95 96-97

98-103

Alexandria Why the name Alexandria? The name comes not only because it was the name of one of the seven wonders of the world but that the city of Alexandria embodies many of the items that I will focus. - Center of Learning -Center of Community -Visibility

Proposal In these tough economic times, more urban buildings are being vacated throughout our nation. With an ever increasing population, there are more children in need of basic education, thus a need for more schools. Can we create schools inside these sound, but unused, commercial structures? Is it possible to change how the public views the future function of these vacant structures? My focus will be on designing a primary education school [Kindergarten to fi fth grade] within the downtown by adaptively reusing such a building. Prior such applications in Chicago for colleges may have succeeded, but primary education facilities in downtown locations have yet to. Besides the obvious economic reason, there is also a social need for change. Many families have left the city, going to the ever sprawling suburbs. Can we draw these families back into the dynamic of the city? Bringing the school back into the city and the community back into the school can be a start to the much needed mending. Current view points and ideas need to change. Citizenship and social responsibility has been lost from the school system, so these simple steps will help restore the balance. These ideas of citizenship also bring to mind our social obligation of producing sustainable, ecologically friendly buildings. Adaptively reusing an existing building is just a small step toward this. Citizenship and social responsibility that has been lost from the school system may also be restored. By sustainably retaining much of the historic character and cleverly adding modern appeal, this building should be more than an eye-catching school, but a community center to start rebuilding the city fabric.

Other ideas: Adaptive reuse in dense urban environment Reusing an existing building expresses my hopes of being a responsible citizen. To have a mind toward the community and better said community. The challenge is to do so with minimal space around the building. Green systems integrated in education This is in the hopes that sustainability can be taught to future generations. One day changing from innovative to commonplace. Placing School in Historic Building Reusing an existing building brings more to the education that is within said building. This includes teaching about things that happened around the time period of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s creation.

Urban school integrated with Neighborhood Part of the intrigue to build in the urban environment is the amenities immediately around. Integrating Surrounding Activities into Education To take the activities around the building and bring it into the programming and education. Placing school in â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;high-riseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Taking what is commonly seen as urban and changing it to a civic idea. How would one make a civic function in a very cellular building?

Project Goals: -High Density Urban Environment -Reuse of important building of the community -Develop culture of social responsibility -Rebuild degrading city fabric -Bringing in the surrounding community -Involving students by sending out into the city -Project Based education -Create comfortable yet stimulating environment -Innovative

7 Small school concept Keeping the school small in population helps it to have the greatest impact for innovation to the system. It also helps the school to integrate into the surrounding area, by the small class sizes. Flexible and adaptable systems The school has to be able to change with new ideas. Otherwise, the school will go out of use as quickly as it was built.

Site Selection Focuses 1) Highly Dense Urban Location 2) Endangered Historical building Significant to the City 3) Aesthetically Pleasing Exterior 4) Location with Need 5) Safe Environment

City Selection As stated in the proposal, the project will be build within a dense urban environment. The place to start site selection is to find that environment. Cross referencing maps of population increase with highest percent of population per capita narrows down possible sites. These candidates are then compared to the opportunity for future growth, looking for areas where the population of people under 18 are increasing and the current juvenile percentage is high.

Minneapolis, MN

Atlanta, GA

State Race* Breakdown

Census 2000: Minnesota Profile

Black or African American (3.5%)

State Race* Breakdown

Census 2000: Georgia Profile

Asian (2.9%) Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (<0.1%)

Population Density by Census Tract

Some other race (1.3%) Two or more races (1.7%)

American Indian and Alaska Native (0.3%)

Black or African American (28.7%)

American Indian and Alaska Native (1.1%) White (89.4%)

Asian (2.1%) Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (0.1%)

White (65.1%)

Population Density by Census Tract

Some other race (2.4%) Two or more races (1.4%)

*One race

Hispanic or Latino (of any race) makes up 2.9% of the state population.

Hispanic or Latino (of any race) makes up 5.3% of the state population.

Population by Sex and Age

Total Population: 4,919,479

Total Population: 8,186,453

85+ Years

85+ Years 80

10 210,000

105,000

Male

105,000

210,000

360,000

180,000

Female

Male

Housing Tenure

2.03

2.71

people

U.S. density is 79.6

Helping You Make Informed Decisions â&#x20AC;˘1902-2002

U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

40 20

60 40

80 Kilometers

200.0 to 999.9 79.6 to 199.9

U.S. density is 79.6

30.0 to 79.5 10.0 to 29.9

80 Miles

County Boundary Minnesota Mean Center of Population

2.51

10,000.0 to 41,459.3 1,000.0 to 9,999.9

Less than 10.0 20

Average Household Size of Renter-Occupied Units:

people

Population Per Square Mile by Census Tract

5,000.0 to 25,769.6 1,000.0 to 4,999.9

32.5% Renter Occupied

67.5% Owner Occupied Average Household Size of Owner-Occupied Units:

Population Per Square Mile by Census Tract

USCENSUSBUREAU

Female

3,006,369 25.4% Renter Occupied

Average Household Size of Renter-Occupied Units:

people

360,000

Total Occupied Housing Units:

1,895,127

2.69

180,000

Housing Tenure

Total Occupied Housing Units:

74.6% Owner Occupied Average Household Size of Owner-Occupied Units:

200.0 to 999.9 79.6 to 199.9 50.0 to 79.5 15.0 to 49.9 Less than 15.0

USCENSUSBUREAU

Helping You Make Informed Decisions â&#x20AC;˘1902-2002

U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

40 20

60 40

County Boundary

80 Kilometers 60

80 Miles

Georgia Mean Center of Population

Four locations were identifi ed. Looking closer at these and the area- density relation, Minneapolis and Atlanta were removed because of the population being so dispersed. There was no real density toward any city center. DC had density, but not where any building was over 4-stories. Chicago will be the best choice for the project issues identifi ed.

Washington DC

Chicago, IL

Chicago

City analysis To understand where to go from here, knowledge of the organization of the city was important. Also important is to know where future growth is most prevalent so that this design can be an integral part of the future of the city.

Urban vs. Green Space

L-Train

Metra

Heavy Auto Use

Med. Auto Use

Circulation

Topography

Figure Ground

Zoning

Residential Manufacturing Planned Man. Commercial Transportation Downtown Core Downtown Mixed Planned Dev.

Landmarks

Orange Level Demo Red Level Demo Landmark Historic Distric

Bridges

Chicago History 1673- Discovery by Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet’s 1778- 1784-

17881803180918121818183018331837 1848-

Virginia claims land along the Mississippi River as the “County of Illinois.” Virginia grants Illinois to the United States

Fur trader Jean Baptiste Point du Sable becomes the first settler in the Chicago area Construction of Fort Dearborn Begins Chicago becomes part of the Territory of Illinois. Fort Dearborn Massacre Illinois Admitted to Statehood Thompson Plat—First Plat of Chicago Incorporated as a Town Incorporated as a City Chicago’s First Local Theater Company Established Illinois & Michigan Canal Completed Galena & Chicago Union Railroad First City Hall on State Street Telegraph Reaches Chicago

1850 1855- Street Level Change

Police Department Created 1856- Chicago Historical Society Founded The first University of Chicago is founded 1857- Academy of Sciences Founded 1860- Lincoln Nominated at Chicago’s First National Convention 1865- Chicago’s First Museum - Academy of Sciences Opens 1867- First Tunnel Under the Lake 1868- Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens Founded 1869- First Traffic Tunnels Under the River Chicago Water Tower Built

1871-

Chicago Reverses Direction of the River (Which fails by 1872)

The Great Fire

1873- 1877- 1879- 1880- 1885- 1889- 1892-

Chicago Public Library (CPL) Opened Telephones Reach Chicago Railroad Strike Art Institute Founded Town of Pullman Built William LeBaron Jenney’s Home Insurance Building leads to the development of the Chicago School skyscraper Auditorium Building Dedicated First Elevated Rapid Transit Line

1872-

Chicago Board of Education Established

1893- World’s Colombian Exposition

Colombian Museum of Chicago Founded

1900 1900- Flow of Chicago River Reversed 1901- 1904- 1907-

Chicago Freight Tunnels Ravinia Park Opens First American Nobel Prize Winner in Science

1908-

Street Numbering Change

1909- Chicago Plan Published 1910-

Ruled Lakefront “Forever Open , Clear and Free” Comiskey Park Opens

1911- 1919- 1924- 1925- 1927-

Dedication of Present City Hall Race Riots Grant Park Stadium (Soldier Field) Completed Union Station Completed Buckingham Fountain Constructed Public Art Municipal Airport of Chicago (Midway) Opened

1928- Straightening of the Chicago River Chicago Motor Club Built 1929- Depression hits Chicago 1930- Shedd Aquarium Officially Opens Adler Planetarium Founded, First in Western Hemisphere 1931- Merchandise Mart Opens as World’s Largest Building 1933- Museum of Science and Industry Opens 1934- Brookfield Zoo Opens 1937- Memorial Day Incident at Republic Steel

1942- Plutonium First Isolated 1943 - 1947 -

First Controlled Atomic Reaction Chicago’s First Subway Opened Chicago Transit Authority Created

1950 1955- First Section of Congress Expressway (Dwight D. Eisenhower) Opened 1959- International Trade Fair Celebrates Opening of St.. Lawrence Seaway—Queen Elizabeth’s Visit 1960- Northwest Expressway (John F. Kennedy) Completed 1962- Dan Ryan Expressway Opened 1963- O’Hare Airport Dedicated 1964- Southwest Expressway (Adlai E. Stevenson) Completed 1966- Martin Luther King, Jr. Marches in Chicago 1967- McCormick Place Fire Museum of Contemporary Art Founded Picasso Statue Dedicated in Civic Center Plaza 1972- Chicago Botanic Gardens opens

1973- Sears Tower Completed-Becomes World’s Tallest Building 1975- Deep Tunnel Project Begins 1976-

Civic Center Renamed Richard J. Daley Center

1977- 1979- 1982- 1984- 1985- 1986- 1991- 1992- 1993- 1994- 1995-

First Running of Chicago Marathon State Street Mall Opens First Major City to Ban Sale of Handguns Chicago Children’s Museum Founded Rapid Transit Line Extended to O’Hare State of Illinois Center (later James R. Thompson Center) Opens The Chicago Theater Reopens Lake Shore Drive S-Curve Straightened New Comiskey Park (U.S. Cellular Field) Opens Freight Tunnel Flood Orange Line Opens to Midway Airport Chicago Hosts World Cup United Center Opens Deadly Heat Wave Chicago Stadium Demolished

1996- State Street Revitalization 2000 2000- 2003-

Field Museum Unveils “Sue”, the Tyrannosaurus rex Meigs Field Closes

2004- Millennium Park Opens 2006-

CTA Pink Line Begins Service

2007- Chicago Wins Right to Represent US in Bid for 2016 Olympics

Existing Building Selection of the which building within was based on four criteria. -Urban Density -Maintaining City Fabric -Retention of History -Improving Social Context

31 31

Building Selection

Cross reference population centers with locations of historically significant buildings.

3 Old Norwood Park District NW side of Chicago

Devon Avenue Commercial District Devon Ave. from N. Bell (2230 W.) to N. California (2800 W.)

St. Boniface Church Noble and Chestnut Street

Richard Nickel’s House 1810 W. Cortland

The “Old Fashioned” Wood Window Throughout Chicago

Architect: Henry J. Schlacks

K E L A

Chicago Athletic Association 12 S. Michigan Avenue

A N I G C H M I

Chicago Landmark Ordinance

4 Chicago Motor Club 68 E. Wacker

Architect: Holabird & Roche

Daily News Buildings 400 W. Madison or 2 N. Riverside Plaza

Meigs Field Terminal Northerly Island

Grant Park Proposed Chicago Children’s Museum site

Architect: Consoer & Morgan

2 American Book Company 330 East Cermak Road

The Booker Building 4700 S. Cottage Grove Architect: Horatio Wilson, 1914

Michael Reese Modern 31st and King Drive Architects: Ezra Gordon and Jack Levin, Loebl, Schlossman and Bennett and A. Epstein and Sons

7 The Harper Theater Harper Avenue and 53th Street Architect: Horatio Wilson

Chicago Athletic Association 12 S. Michigan Avenue built in 1893 designed by architect Henry Ives Cobb Since the passage of the Chicago Landmark Ordinance in 1968, the city has landmarked 255 individual buildings and created 49 historic landmark districts. Currently at issue is a proposal for the redevelopment of the Chicago Athletic Association building, located at 12 S. Michigan Avenue. The Venetian Gothic style is rare in Chicago, and the Chicago Athletic Association exemplifies it to the fullest in its use of patterned brick and intricately carved limestone. This building is an integral part of the Historic Michigan Boulevard District which extends from Randolph Street south to 11th Street. This landmark district was created in 2002 with the intention of preserving the architecture and scale of the 1885 to 1930 era buildings. The historic district frames the western edge of Millennium Park and Grant Park and is one of the most heavily visited streets in the city. It defines the ‘face’ of Chicago when viewed from these parks and Lake Shore Drive. Only 5 stories tall and the restriction to how it meets the Michigan leaves it wanting for available program space. Also with the recent Jewish Center addition to Michigan Avenue, this area already has many of the ideas currently in the works for what I was hoping to look at in a more dense situation.

Chicago Motor Club 68 E. Wacker Architect: Holabird & Roche Built:1928 The Chicago Motor Club is an elegant example of Holabird and Roche’s Art Deco skyscraper artistry, although it rises only 16 stories. It boasts a streamlined façade with decorative metal spandrels and medallions evocative of the period. Equally important, this gem from 1928 includes an intact two-story lobby that celebrates the early days of the country’s burgeoning automobile culture. The two story lobby has an observation balcony along the north wall that features a decorative balustrade and metal work. While the original metal wall sconces are in place, two historic chandeliers have been in storage for about 30 years. Built as the new headquarters for the Chicago Motor Club, its lobby includes a mural by noted Chicago artist John W. Norton that maps out 19 major auto routes across the country. The lobby’s 29-foot Norton mural preceded the 180-foot mural depicting the daily life of a newspaper that once hung in the walkway of the Chicago Daily News building (the newspaper mural is now stored in a warehouse). The current owner has had a challenge putting together a successful reuse plan for the building. Plans to reuse the building as condominiums and a boutique hotel date back to 1997, when the current owner bought it for $2.4 million. Although the owner continued to rent the offices for many years, it has been vacant since 2004. Preservation Chicago is concerned that the current owner’s stymied plans to reuse the building have left it vacant for too long, leaving it at risk for deterioration and potential demolition. Chicago has too few intact historic lobbies and even fewer landmarked interiors. The Chicago Motor Club is one of 11 structures of primary significance in the Michigan-Wacker Historic District. The district was added to the National Register in November 1978. The building was renamed Wacker Tower after the street name was changed.

Three locations fell in dense population areas and were historically significant. Chicago Athletic club didn’t have possibility for vertical expansion to remain significant. Nor was it large enough for significant items that would help the city. Daily New Building has large area, but it wasn’t the closest to the population. Really the issue was finding enough program. For size and expansion reasons, Chicago Motor Club (CMC) worked best.

Daily News Building 2 N. Riverside Plaza built in 1929 designed by architects Holabird and Root 35 The Chicago Daily News building is notable not only for its rich art deco design and detailing but also because it was the first significant commercial building to embrace its riverfront location. Prior to this building, most businesses turned their backside to the river, seeing it merely as a conduit for freight transportation and waste disposal. The Chicago Daily News building opened up to the river by creating a lively pedestrian plaza fronting the river. This plaza remains actively used today and serves as a gathering place for countless downtown workers and visitors. The building is also notable for its pioneering use of air rights above an active railroad right-of-way. The building also featured a renowned mural by John W. Norton. Previously located on the ceiling of the lobby used by commuters, the mural is currently in storage awaiting conservation and restoration.

The Chicago Daily News building is notable not only for its rich art deco design and detailing but also because it was the first significant commercial building to embrace its riverfront location. Prior to this building, most businesses turned their backside to the river, seeing it merely as a conduit for freight transportation and waste disposal. The Chicago Daily News building opened up to the river by creating a lively pedestrian plaza fronting the river. This plaza remains actively used today and serves as a gathering place for countless downtown workers and visitors. The building is also notable for its pioneering use of air rights above an active railroad right-of-way. The building also featured a renowned mural by John W. Norton. Previously located on the ceiling of the lobby used by commuters, the mural is currently in storage awaiting conservation and restoration.

Despite its ideal location on the western edge of the Loop and immediately adjacent to the Union Station and Ogilvie commuter train stations, the building is considered a Class C office building and today is only 70% occupied. The owner of the building is investigating ways to alter the site to create more leasable space especially in the pedestrian plaza that fronts the river. The owner previously proposed that the plaza be removed and replaced with a high-rise condominium tower. This proposal was not well-received by the City of Chicago when submitted in 2000. In recent months, the owner has re-initiated studies to consider ways to build upon the plaza to improve the financial performance of the site.

This building has the opposite problem from the Athletic Club, the 26 stories and large foot print make it too massive to house only one type of program. Also the ideas for the endangerment issues donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t mesh well with making it a center for the community.

Analysis for CMC Site

L-Train Metra Heavy Auto Use Med. Auto Use

Downtown Core Downtown Mixed Planned Dev.

Orange level Demo Red level Demo Landmark Historic Distric

CMC’s location is at a juncture in many of the analysis items. As seen here, it’s on the edge of the nature vs. urban border, at the greatest change in topo, near major circulation in both directions, in the city center but within mixed zoning, and still part of the historic landmark fabric. The ﬁnal item of being near most of the major bridges becomes just a bonus. 37

Exterior Visibility

CMCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s location is one of the most visible buildings along the riverfront of Chicago. For being on such a prime property and viewable from all four sides of the building it is easy to see how any changes to this building will be critical.

Historical Documentation

Enviromental Analysis

7pm

5am

6pm

6am

5pm

7am

4pm

8am

3pm

4 3

2pm

9am

9 2

Dec

11 10

10am

Noon 11 am

1pm June

Site Selection Criteria Resolved: 1) Highly Dense Urban Location The location of the Chicago Motor Club is just south of the highest population density in Chicago. The location also expresses the urban atmosphere from the proximity of itself to nearby buildings. 2) Endangered Historical building Signifi cant to the City Chicago Motor Club Building has been vacant since 1999, and is the fi rst recognized Art Noveau building by architects Hollabird and Roche in Chicago. Being on â&#x20AC;&#x153;the top 10, most endangered buildingsâ&#x20AC;? list for 2008, there reason to believe it is signifi cant to the city. 3) Aesthetically Pleasing Exterior The clean lines and Art Noveau motif express a very modern exterior that is eye pleasing. Coming from the Art Noveau period, applying modern technologies in an addition works well with its industrial feel.

4) Location with Need for a new School. The local area has many overcrowded schools. Looking at Chicago Public School reports, there is mention of a need for three more schools in the area. This addition will partially alleviate this need in the area. 5)Safe Environment for Children Even with being a Downtown location, it is near many amenities that are child friendly such as the river front park. With a successful church, art center, and shops, the city population feels this area is a safe and secure environment.

Program Development By exploring the following, the hope is that the typology can be transformed in such a way that the project goals can be part of the whole. Experience -Community -Playful Color -Place called Home -Personal Green -Social Stair -Let the Light In -Modern Warmth -Innovation Focuses 1) Modifiability (Flexibility and Adaptability) 2) Safety 3) Healthfulness of Environment 4) Space 5) Community Building (Joint Use) 6) Sustainability 7) Universal Design 8) Outdoor Learning

Typology: School was chosen as the program type. It fi t best in the location and need based on the following four criteria. -Center of Community -Repair City Fabric -Teaching social responsibility -Yet modify for urban context

History of Schools

Geography Lesson at Alma School, 1908.

First Floor of Hatfield House, Herts, 1607-11

Typical Robson School, 1911

Plan of School Playground suggested by Home and Colonial Society.

Robsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ideal as seen via this early classroom layout, reminiscent of more recent paired classroom arrangements

Whiteley Woods Open Air School, Sheffield, 1911.

Class of Southwark Central School, early nineteenth Century

Plan of British School for 304 Children. Views notated at restricted with windows starting at six feet.

History of American School 1635- The first Latin Grammar School (Boston Latin School) is established. 1635- The first “free school” in Virginia opens. 1642- The Massachusetts Bay School Law is passed. It requires that parents assure their children know the principles of religion and the capital laws of the commonwealth. 1779- Thomas Jefferson proposes a two-track educational system: “the laboring and the learned.” 1791- The Bill of Rights is passed by the first Congress of the new United States. Tenth Amendment to the Constitution states education becomes a function of the state rather than the federal government. 1821- The first public high school, Boston English High School, opens . 1827- The state of Massachusetts passes a law requiring towns of more than 500 families to have a public high school open to all students. 1840- Organized education system, an argument education could preserve social stability and prevent crime and poverty. 1856- The first kindergarten in the U.S. is started in Watertown, Wisconsin, founded by Margarethe Schurz. (Octogon School) 1860- Elizabeth Palmer Peabody opens the first “formal” kindergarten in Boston, MA. 1869- Boston creates the first public day school for the deaf. 1911- The first Montessori school in the U.S. opens in Tarrytown, New York. 1918- Compulsory school attendance laws for elementary-age children laws existed in all states. 1919- All states have laws providing funds for transporting children to school. 1953- Burrhus Frederic (B.F.) Skinner’s Science and Human Behavior is published. 1964- The Civil Rights Act becomes law. It prohibits discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion or national origin. 1975- The Education of All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142) becomes federal law. 1981- John Holt’s book, Teach Your Own: A Hopeful Path for Education, adds momentum to the homeschooling movement 47 1990- The Milwaukee Parental Choice program is initiated. It allows “students, under specific circumstances, to attend at no charge, private sectarian and nonsectarian schools located in the city of Milwaukee.” 2001- No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is approved by Congress and signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002.

Experience Seven experiential qualities must be included to give the most to the building -Community -Playful Color -Place called Home -Personal Green -Social Stair -Let the Light In -Modern Warmth -Innovation 49

Community An openness and connection to the surrounding culture that not only encourages the public to come inside, but the children to explore the environment. By focusing on creating a community and including the outside community within the school program the building will continue to be important and thus used.

Playful Color The use of color with a special care to areas that children play, whether seen from the play yards to being within the circulation for way finding.

Place Called Home This is not only incorporating the feeling of home within the design, but also an identifiable space that each child can say is their home while in the school. This is where the cubbies and people they interact with consistently every day reside.

Social Stair Creation of the stair must take in to consideration that within any school, the stair is often the most social aspect. Allowing different points of view and places off to the side for sitting or standing allow this to be a dynamic space also.

Let the Light In For sustainability, more pleasant environment, and as studies show more productive students, maximize the use of natural light.

Modern Warmth The mix of materiality from the cool look of metals to the warmth of natural materials create a transitional feeling.

Innovation Enhancing the environment with stimulating â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;out of the boxâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; thinking. It reflects the physical building ideas during its original prime, but also feeds new ideas into the next generation.

Program Elements Typical Urban School Admin Principal Asst. Principal Reception Records/ Storage Counselor office Conference rm Teacher workroom Health suite TA work rm Special Ed

SQFT

Cap.

Total SQFT

[4750-7000 sqft] 200-250 150-200 300-500 3 200-300 150-200 250-350 15 300-500 5 500-700 4 150 4 300-600 10

1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 6 1

200-250 150-200 900-1500 200-300 150-200 250-350 1200-2000 500-700 900 300-600

Physical Ed Outdoor Area* Locker Rooms Storage *Use nearby facilities so no gym needed, possible off site across street for

[800-1100 sqft] 3250-4000 125 300-400 25 200-300 Outdoor Playground

1 2 1

3250-4000* 600-800 200-300

Cafeteria Student Serving Faculty *Food prepared off site so no need for Kitchen

[2850-3500 sqft] 2400-2900 200 150-200 300-400 10

1 1 1

2400-2900 150-200 300-400

Classrooms Kindergarten Standard Art Studio rooms* Music *Work in conjunction with Chicago Art Institute facilities

[23200-26150 sqft] 1100-1300 900-1000 200-250 900-1000

3 20 5 1

3300-3900 18000-25000 1000-1250 900-1000

Media Center Computer Lab Conference rm Office/ Storage

[1550-2250 sqft] 900-1100 25 250-350 15 400-800

1 1 1

900-1100 250-350 400-800

Experimental program space*

TBD

23 25 5 25

TBD

*Adaptable environment for multiple educational program use. ie. parent-student education class or online mentoring Total Square Footage for School: Approximately 9-10 floors unmodified

33,150-

40,000 SQFT

15600-

19500SQFT

Community Outreach Center Admin daycare center etc. works in conjunction with community surround Art institute Local businesses for full urban education Total Square Footage for COC: Approximately 4-5 floors unmodified

Experience Translated Experience canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t always be quantified. Still many of the items aforementioned have program that they directly show. Community

For community to be within the building spaces need to be programed for that purposed. This brings up the idea of not only the building is being saved when this program gets built. Joe Smith wants to protect Jazz. So for a nominal fee Joe rents a archival project space but in return teaches the students in the school about Jazz. The students in return bring in the rest of the community at the end of their project and show the community what Jazz can do for them. A win-win for the community to get involved and the students to learn from the community.

Playful color

Some sort of indoor or outdoor play area is needed for this.

Place Called home

When looking at project based school the originating room would be the place to go here. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to have something in the school that the student feels is just theirs.

Personal Green

Indoor access to views to nature. This explains a need for an internal garden or terrace access on the building as it is centered in an urban environment.

Social stair Stair is not just a vertical up and down, but a important program element in itself.

Other experience items are expressed best throughout the building. Let the Light In

Ever space that a student will occupy must allow some light in. This can be something as small as a porthole to as large as an entire wall.

Modern Warmth

This is a materiality idea. A clash of materials adds interest and appeal while allowing neither to dominate.

Innovation

As the Chicago motor club building was innovative at itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s time, so too should this adaptation of it. It should not only be to modern standards innovative but allow for future innovations to be available.

Final Program Typical Urban School Admin Principal Asst. Principal Reception Records/ Storage Counselor office Conference rm Teacher workroom Health suite TA work rm Special Ed

SQFT

Cap.

Total SQFT

[4750-7000 sqft] 200-250 150-200 300-500 3 200-300 150-200 250-350 15 300-500 5 500-700 4 150 4 300-600 10

1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 6 1

200-250 150-200 900-1500 200-300 150-200 250-350 1200-2000 500-700 900 300-600

Physical Ed

Locker Rooms Storage

[800-1100 sqft] 300-400 25 200-300

2 1

600-800 200-300

Cafeteria Student Serving Faculty

[2850-3500 sqft] 2400-2900 200 150-200 300-400 10

1 1 1

2400-2900 150-200 300-400

Classrooms ( Home Bases for Projects) Kindergarten Standard (1-5) Experimental Program

[13000-14600 sqft] 1100-1300 900-1000 900-1000

2 10 2

2200-2600 9000-10000 1800-2000

21400-

26200 SQFT

23 25 25

Total Square Footage for School: Approximately 5-6 floors unmodified

Community Outreach Admin Offices Project Archival Rooms

[10800-12400 sqft] 150-200 900-1000 25

12 12

1800-2400 9000-10000

Community Shared Space Auditorium Gallery Library Garden

[4000-8000 sqft] 1000-2000 1000-2000 1000-2000 1000-2000

25 25 25 25

1 1 1 1

1000-2000 1000-2000 1000-2000 1000-2000

Media Center Computer Lab Conference rm Office/ Storage

[1550-2250 sqft] 900-1100 25 250-350 15 400-800

1 1 1

900-1100 250-350 400-800

16350-

22650 SQFT

Total Square Footage for Community: Approximately 3-5 floors unmodified

Off Site programs Kitchen Outdoor Area Art Studio rooms

Have meals precooked and only served onsite Use outdoor spaces near by. Work in conjunction with Chicago Art Institute facilities

Possible Program Partis

Parti A: School on Top

Parti B: Community on Top

Parti C: Mixed

Strengths

-Strong security aspect -Access to roof for possible play yard -Community near front for image -Community near bottom for 24 hour access

-Strong security aspect -Easy to get children out in case of emergency -Community near front for image -Access to roof for community outdoor space

-Easy to get children out in case of emergency -Community near front for image -Community near bottom for 24 hour access -Access to roof for community outdoor space -Access to roof for possible play yard -Community and school will readily interact

Weaknesses

-Hard getting children out in case of emergency -Getting children to interact with community

-Getting children to interact with community -No access to roof for play yard -Community may have limited access after hours

-Possible Security issues

Design Goals

-Community

An openness and connection to the surrounding culture that not only encourages the public to come inside, but encourage the children to explore the community at large. -Existing Perceptions -Building community by retaining History

-Weave Together

-Mixing community and school spaces -Provide Public space and public activities

-Inviting In

Visibility

-Experience

Community Playful Color Place called Home Personal Green Social Stair Let the Light In Modern Warmth Innovation 71

Community

Existing Perceptions Keeping and accentuating what is considered the most important by the community at large. As the images here show most of the building is retained interiorly for itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Art Deco feel. Also of note there arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t many murals left by John W. Norton.

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As the lobby> and the front facade rooms are the only stable and deemed historically significant space, the rest of the more utilitarian space can be modified without Chicago Motor Club Building harming the overall historic character.

Special & Digital Collections

The Historic Architecture & Landscape Image Collection

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Historic

Weaving Together To best work with the community there needs to be a community from to the building, community spaces integrated throughout with school spaces, and a community face space. With this in mind weaving spaces together so that school and community benefit from each other. Parti C was the best for this to work within. As you can see to the left, much of the school space was absorbed into mixed community and school space. The community front is also mixed in with the school. The only items solely school related are the classroom bases in which the students start their exploration from.

Community Resources

Day Cares

School Spaces

Community Spaces

Police Stations

Nurse/ Psychologist Office Computer Labs Cafeteria Faculty Space Kitchen Gym/ Auditorium Rest rooms Custodial Closets Roof Garden Playground Storage

An openness and connection to the surrounding culture that not only encourages the public to come inside, but the children to explore the environment.

Libraries Fire Stations Hospitals Post Offices Colleges Offices Completed Under Construction Proposed

Sports Fields -Use Current Community Facilities Library -Create Neighborhood Library Gym/ Auditorium - Activities to bring in surrounding Community Work with Nearby Art Institute Open School after hours for community Provide Daycare Goal is to involve the School in the community and the community in the school for the shared benefits.

Sustainable Additon Community and shared facilities

Community focus Historic School ant community front

Circulation

Inviting In Bring the exterior community into the space by the following: -Exterior Visibility -Providing spaces within for Public

Exterior Visibility

Experience - Community -Playful Color -Place called Home -Personal Green -Social Stair -Let the Light In -Modern Warmth -Innovation

Seen in the auditorium, media center, gallery, library, stair, and archival spaces within.

Playful Color The use of color with a special care to areas that children play, whether seen from the play yards to being within the circulation for way finding.

Seen in the rooftop playyard, indoor garden, and community ďŹ&#x201A;ex space within.

Seen in the home base rooms within.

Personal Green Personal space, so a space that one feels secluded or by themselves that has captured part of the naturalistic world. This can be an overlooking space, or just a cozy corner within a garden space. Seen in the top ďŹ&#x201A;oor indoor garden, top of auditorium terrace and outdoor playyard within.

Seen in the archival spaces being so connected with the project room, home base and other classes within.

Let the Light In

Summer Solstice

Winter Solstice

For sustainability, more pleasant environment, and as studies show more productive students, maximize the use of natural light.

Modern Warmth The mix of materiality from the cool look of metals to the warmth of natural materials create a transitional feeling.

Innovation Enhancing the environment with stimulating ‘out of the box’ thinking. It reﬂects the physical building ideas during its original prime, but also feeds new ideas into the next generation.

Seen in the Auditorium (four ways to experience the space. On top, under, within and through), Sustainable technologies (double skin wall and garden roof), and the unique playyard decor that is a play area and light well for garden within.

Final Documentation

Room Key 1- Lobby 21- Ast. Principal 2- Mezzanine 22- Health Suite 3- Storage 23- Terrace 4- Restroom 24- Mail Room 5- Community Space 25- Service 6- Cafeteria 7- Gallery 8- Media Center 9- Auditorium 10- Library 11- Indoor Garden 12- Play Yard 13- Classroom(Homebase) 14- Project Space 15- Archival Room 16- Office 17- Workroom 18- Conference Room 19- Reception 20- Principal

Level 4

Level 7

Ground Level

Level 3

Level 6

Lower Level

Level 2

Level 5

Upper Wacker

Mezzanine

Lower Wacker

Level 10

Level 13

Roof

Level 9

Level 12

Level 15 101 101

Level 8

Level 11

Level 14

Building geometry Site context Structure grid

The new addition of a glass box was designed by using the existing context. The existing major horizontal datums of the facade were carried over and the surrounding building datums were combined to create a elegantly simple geometry tartan grid. The vertical lines came from transferring the existing buildings structural grid as double lines instead of just the center line.

Facade Details

103

Section Detail through typical West facade

Special Thanks to... Commitee Gil Snyder Jim Dicker Brian Schermer

Friends and Family Gerald Rodberg Jim Rodberg Dennis Stecker Kurt Young Binter Alex Alexopoulos Justin Wagner John Wroblewski Joe Rice Matthew Porges Rumin Yu Eric Sahow Christopher Poff