CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ 2014/2 ・ ABPL20033
I ABPL20033 CONTENTS
CONTENTS Part One - Sections
1
Part Two - Plans
14
Part Three - Axonometrics
18
PART ONE SECTIONS
1 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
STAGE ONE SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY Within this section, excavation was largely for placement of the concrete slab rather than the basement. The basement excavation is further forward (as shown in the dashed lines). Compared to the basement excavation in other areas, the excavation for the ground floor slab is rather shallow and required no particular measures nor methods. In ground services were also accommodated for in this stage with a sewerage pipe in the background of the section also being put in place.
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500mm
Fig. 1 - Basement excavation within approximate location of of Section CC
ABPL20033 SECTIONS 2 .
STAGE TWO SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY Within the background, basement retaining walls were added to the basement excavation. This was done by adding footings at certain spacings. Afterwards, a layer of soil was excavated from the site with shotcrete applied to the walls. After stabilizing, this step was repeated again until the ideal depth was reached in the basement floor. As shown in Figure 2 below, this process was repeated three times as indicated by the three distinct layers on the retaining wall. Within the context of Section CC, the basement retaining walls consisted mostly of cinder blocks placed on top of footings poured in situ in this stage (See Figure 3).
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Fig. 2 - Layers of excavation in basement level.
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500mm
Fig. 3 - Cinder blocks as retaining wall in Section CC.
3 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
STAGE THREE SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 1. Bored piers along the perimeter of the site were put in place to provide stable support for the ground floor slab not situated on the basement floor’s structural components. 2. The first stage of the ground floor slab was poured into place on top of the basement structure with formwork accommodating for stair and ledge structures (Figure 5). 3. The second stage of the ground floor slab entailed adding a layer of vapor barrier membrane to the ground first and then pouring the concrete into place (Figure 6). In both instances, screeding and trovelling is applied along the top surface for a smoother finish.
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3
1
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100mm
500mm
Fig. 4 - First stage of ground floor slab concrete pour.
Fig. 5 - Second stage of ground floor slab concrete pour.
ABPL20033 SECTIONS 4 .
STAGE FOUR SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ăƒť 660192 ăƒť ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 1. Timber stud frame construction began at stage four mainly around what will eventually be the staircase down to the basement and up to the first floor. The frames are constructed by laying the timber studs flat on the ground and then nailing both the top and bottom plates onto the ends before it is lifted up into place. 2. Steel columns along the perimeter of the ground floor slab as the primary structural support of the first floor frame structure and the facade frame. 3. Steel beams are placed above the steel columns with posistrut floor joists to allow for greater unsupported lengths to be covered along the first floor frame.
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1
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Fig. 6 - Steel columns and beams.
100mm
Fig. 7 - Posistrut floor joists.
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500mm
5 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
STAGE FIVE SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY Temporary stair treads were added in place of permanent stairs to the first floor for easier access while working on the first floor. Temporary scaffold walks were also built along the perimeter of the house to enable works on the facade. On the first floor, particleboard flooring was added on top of the joists. as the base flooring of the first floor.
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100mm
Fig. 8 - Temporary stairs.
500mm
Fig. 9 - Particleboard flooring.
ABPL20033 SECTIONS 6 .
STAGE SIX SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ăƒť 660192 ăƒť ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 2
1. Timber stud frames were added onto the first floor as the primary wall structure of the floor. with props used to keep them in place as needed. 2. Steel beams have been placed on top of steel columns as per the structural drawings where required.
1
3. Framing for the pebble render facade has begun with timber studs being suspended down from the first floor at no specific length. Steel plates were put in place to hold the studs in place from the first floor frame structure (Figure 11) as well as from the top of the timber stud walls on the first floor. 3
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Fig. 10 - Timber stud frame construction on first floor.
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500mm
Fig. 11 - Steel plates for holding facade frame studs in place.
7 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
STAGE SEVEN SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 1
1. Timber joists in preparation of the roof structure were attached to steel beams on the first floor’s ceiling structure. 2. The timber studs for the pebble render frame were trimmed to length at the base as required by the architectural plans with a bottom plate added to enclose the frame.
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100mm
Fig. 12 - Bottom plates added to facade frame
500mm
Fig. 13 - Timber joists on first floor ceiling.
ABPL20033 SECTIONS 8 .
STAGE EIGHT SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY
1
1. Roof decking and aluminium capping were added onto the roof structure. The roof decking was Klip Lok with a zincalume finish that locks into place by overlapping each other successively. Skylights were also installed at this point as needed per the architectural plans. 2. Plywood was added to areas as specified by the architectural plans over the facade frame as needed for additional structural support, in particular around the facade surrounding the front door step area. ComTex panels were then placed on top of all areas of the facade frame with aluminium control joints to make allowances for movement in the facade’s framing. 2
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Fig. 14 - Kilp Lok roofing being added to roof.
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500mm
Fig. 15 - ComTex paneling for pebble render facade.
9 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
STAGE NINE SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 2
1. The pebble render on the facade was applied as shown below in the instance plywood sheeting is not used as additional bracing (Figure 16). 2. Insulation was added to ceilings on both floors with basic plasterboard work also beginning for both floor’s ceilings. 3. Timber framing for joinery installations on the ground floor commenced, in particular in what is to be the children’s playroom.
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3
Inner stud wall Facade stud wall Vapor barrier membrane Aluminium spacer strips ComTex panel Base coat Pebble render
Fig. 18 - Pebble render facade section detail.
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100mm
Fig. 17 -Insulation and suspended ceiling.
500mm
Fig. 18 - Framing for ground floor joinery.
ABPL20033 SECTIONS 10 .
STAGE TEN SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ăƒť 660192 ăƒť ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 1. Double glazed windows of varying dimensions as per the architectural drawings were installed along the perimeter of the structure to give a seamless appearance between the ceiling and windows. 2. Exterior roller blinds in a void between the facade frame and inner frame were installed. 3. A permanent set of stairs were progressively added to replace the temporary stair treads with plasterboard panelling to match the ceiling installed as well.
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Fig. 19 - Window framing on building perimeter.
100mm
Fig. 20 - Installation of permanent staircase.
500mm
11 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
STAGE ELEVEN SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 1. Joinery for bathroom fixtures and benches were added to rooms with basic finishes being added as well in the process. 2. Installation of joinery on the ground floor such as shelves and cupboards. Plasterboard work on walls were added at this stage at the same time as doors in order to give the impression that the door frame and wall were flush with each other in appearance. 1
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Fig. 21 - Bathroom joinery.
500mm
Fig. 22 - Joinery finishes around stairwell.
ABPL20033 SECTIONS 12 .
STAGE TWELVE SECTION CC MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
STAGE SUMMARY 1. Wall finishes such as tiling and paint were applied. Any protective covers/films on finishes previously installed were removed 2. Plumbing fixtures including sinks, basins and bathtubs were installed in bathrooms and kitchens. 1
3. Carpeting and flooring finishes were added as per architectural plans on all floors. 4. Landscaping treatments - in particular the pebble fill in Section CC were added as needed along with the installation of the drainage system around the perimeter of the house.
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Fig. 23 - Interior finishes being added to living room.
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500mm
Fig. 24 - Landscaping treatments around perimeter of house.
13 ABPL20033 SECTIONS
PART TWO PLANS
15 ABPL20033 PLANS
STAGE ONE BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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500mm
STAGE SUMMARY 1. The existing structure on the site was cleared to make way for the bulk excavation of the basement floor. In the context of the site surrounding Section CC, this entailed the establishment of footings on the basement floor level to serve as a base for the retaining walls. 2. As detailed in the sections earlier, in some areas, buttresses are used to progressively excavate the basement floor with shotcrete. 3. Trenches were also dug for sewerage piping in the ground.
Fig. 25 - Site bulk excavation.
ABPL20033 PLANS 16 .
STAGE TWO BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ăƒť 660192 ăƒť ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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500mm
STAGE SUMMARY Cinder blocks were used as the main structural element of the wall after excavation and placement of footers in the basement. Between the layer of earth and the cinder block wall, a vapor barrier membrane has been used to help create a waterproofing envelope in between the environment and the basement structure. Rebar struts in preparation for the first stage of the ground floor slab have also been put in place in the cinder blocks and filled with concrete to serve as an anchor point for the rebar. Although not particularly noticeable in this section, the basement floor has been filled with crushed rock in preparation for the addition of the basement floor slab in later stages. This could be for safety purposes or potentially as a means of leveling out the surface in the basement. Fig. 26 - Cinder blocks for the basement wall.
Fig. 27 - Rebar placed in cinder blocks for ground floor preparation.
15 ABPL20033 PLANS
STAGE THREE GROUND FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY Placement of the ground floor slab occurred in three stages to accommodate for varying site conditions of the Cave House. Firstly, the surface directly above the basement had a floor slab poured in situ above it with formwork for stairs. Secondly, bored piers were placed into the ground to provide a foundation for the portions of the ground floor slab not positioned above the basement to sit upon and to minimize the effects of subsidence. once the bored piers were in place, the remaining elements of the ground floor slab were poured into place.
Fig. 28 - Proportion of ground floor slab above the basement.
Fig. 29 - Remaining portions of the floor slab around Section CC.
ABPL20033 PLANS 16 .
STAGE FOUR GROUND FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY At stage four, vertical members of the building’s structure are being erected. On the outside perimeter of the Cave House, steel columns are being placed on indentations in the concrete slab poured earlier on. On top of these columns sit steel beams onto which positstruts connect to. Further inside the structure at the core, most of the vertical support comes from timber stud frame walls which are constructed flat then erected upwards. In more critical places and points of higher floor load, steel columns have been used. In many instances, these steel columns are also connected to steel beams above to form a primary load bearing network for all other members to rely upon.
Fig. 30 - Earth fill for porch stairs.
Fig. 31 - Close up of first floor frame arrangement.
15 ABPL20033 PLANS
STAGE FIVE FIRST FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY Timber joists have been placed between the steel beams implying what was suspected earlier - that the steel members are the primary members of the load bearing system and have most vertical loads directed to them. The timber joists are attached to the steel beams using steel plates that bolt onto each member. At the core of the structure, temporary stair treads have been installed and have been directly bolted onto a frame surrounding the void for the staircase.
Fig. 32 - First floor decking frame.
Fig. 33 - Temporary stair treads.
ABPL20033 PLANS 16 .
STAGE SIX PLAN FIRST FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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500mm
STAGE SUMMARY A double layer of stud wall frames surround the perimeter of the structure with the outermost layer serving as a frame for the final pebble render facade. As they are being erected into the place, the frame are held up by timber props as required.
An additional set of steel columns are also placed on the floor slab of the first floor to aid in distributing vertical loads and have a network of steel beams attached to distribute this load from the timber joists that are yet to be installed.
Fig. 34 - Double layer of timber stud walls for exterior facade.
Fig. 35 - Steel beam interfacing with exterior timber stud frame.
15 ABPL20033 PLANS
STAGE SEVEN FIRST FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY Before covering the roof completely, timber joists have been placed between the spans of the steel columns as well as the double rows of timber stud frames on the perimeter of the structure. Additionally, bracing has been attached between steel columns to increase resistance against lateral loads. Services for water have also been installed as they are circulated through the roof rather than walls on the first floor whenever possible. Skylights in the corner of the house have cut outs created for them in preparation for the installation of sky lights.
Fig. 36 - Layer of structural members on first floor roof frame.
ABPL20033 PLANS 16 .
STAGE EIGHT ROOF PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY At stage 8, roof decking and aluminium capping were added onto the roof structure on top of the joists. Consisting of Klip Lok with a zincalume finish, the material locks into place by overlapping each other successively. Skylights were also installed at this point as needed per the architectural plans along with gutters and capping over the roofing elements as necessary.
Fig. 37 - Gutter and Klip Lok on roof structure.
Fig. 39 - Corner gutter and drain.
15 ABPL20033 PLANS
STAGE NINE GROUND REFLECTED CEILING PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY Construction of the unconventional roof of the Cave House began in stage 9 by plotting all intersecting points of the faces of the ceiling as shown in the reflected ceiling plan above. Timber studs are then cut manually to fit these dimensions with accompanying plasterboard also trimmed to fit. Also at this stage, framing for joinery has also begun in particular for larger fixtures such as the bulkhead in the children’s playroom.
Fig. 40 - Plotting the intersections of the ceiling panels with string.
Fig. 41 - Bulkhead joinery framing.
ABPL20033 PLANS 16 .
STAGE TEN GROUND FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ăƒť 660192 ăƒť ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY The temporary stair treads at this point had begun to be replaced with permanent fixtures and finishes with services being installed and preparation for plasterboard installation to complement the aesthetics of the ceiling. On the perimeter of the house, window installation of the double glazed windows had begun. Each window is of differing dimensions to create a seamless appearance to the connection between the facade and the interior ceiling. In some instances, a single glazed pane has been used to eliminate the presence of gaps.
Fig. 42 - Double glazed window installation.
Fig. 43 - Temporary stair tread replacement in progress.
15 ABPL20033 PLANS
STAGE ELEVEN ELECTRICAL SERVICES PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY The stairs of the front porch area of the house were poured in to cover the earth fill slope used to access the house previously with preparations for finishes also being conducted.
Inside the house, electrical fixtures and services were installed with fixtures being attached to wiring and lights being installed. Many of the wires required at this stage were installed previously as required but not completed till now.
Fig. 44 - Formwork of stairs at porch.
Fig. 45 -Electrical services and fixtures being installed.
ABPL20033 PLANS 16 .
STAGE TWELVE GROUND FLOOR PLAN MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ ABPL20033 CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS
CC
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100mm
500mm
STAGE SUMMARY In stage 12, final finishings such as carpeting, flooring and cladding were installed into the structure also with the majority of the landscape works. Joinery finishes that were otherwise too delicate to install earlier were added in at this point such as the glass screen parallel to the staircase. In regards to landscaping works, within the immediate vicinity of the building perimeter, a bed of pebbles was added to cover concrete works around the house. Vegetation was also planted around the perimeter of the fence with a few trees sited around the children’s play area.
Fig. 46 - Glass screen parallel to staircase.
Fig. 28 - Landscaping around exterior areas of Cave House.
17 ABPL20033 PLANS
PART THREE AXONOMETRICS
19 ABPL20033 AXONOMETRICS
STAGE ONE/TWO
STAGE SEVEN/EIGHT
STAGE THREE/FOUR
STAGE NINE/TEN
STAGE FIVE/SIX
STAGE ELEVEN/TWELVE