ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS MITCHELL SU ・ 660192 ・ 2014/2 ・ ABPL20036
I ABPL20036 CONTENTS
CONTENTS Part One - Orientation, Design + Services (Book 1) Site Plan
2
House Plan
3
Services Plan 1 - Electrical, Lighting and Communications
4
Services Plan 2 - Gas and Water Supply
5
Sewer and Stormwater
6
Embodied Energy
7
Part Two - Sustainability + Efficiency Options (Book 2) Siting, Orientation + Design Choices
2
Materials Schedule
3
FirstRate Report
4
Services Choices
6
Part Three - Bibliography
7
PART ONE ORIENTATION, DESIGN + SERVICES
ABPL20036 ASSIGNMENT ONE ・ MITCHELL SU ・ 660192
LEGEND
SITE PLAN
Water 0
4m
20m
Electricity (Power) Gas Sewerage
1. WALK IN WARDROBE 2. BATHROOM 3. LAUNDRY ROOM 4. BATHROOM 5. TOILET
Stormwater
PROPOSED DECIDUOUS TREE
Telecommunications ・GM
PROPOSED EVERGREEN TREE
M
GARAGE
BED 3
1. BED 1
Water Meter
S
Sewerage Manhole
CONTEXT STUDY
2.
M
Telecom Pit
KITCHEN & LIVING
PROPOSED DECIDUOUS TREE
Gas Meter
3.
4.
5.
・GM
BED 2
S
PROPOSED DECIDUOUS TREE
PROPOSED EVERGREEN TREE
PROPOSED EVERGREEN TREE
The house has been positioned towards the south-eastern corner of the property to allow space for recreation on the western area of the property that is directly adjacent to the kitchen and living spaces. Against the original plan, the house has been turned 90 degrees to the left and mirrored along the horizontal axis such that the bedrooms have been positioned so that priority is given to the living spaces during winter in terms of sunlight and warmth. During summer the bedrooms would receive additional cooling due to southerly breezes from Port Philip Bay. To take advantage of the large roof span, a single skillion roof has been used to allow the use of multiple solar panels both for electricity and hot water generation as shown below.
INSOLATION
CROSS VENTILATION
WINTER
2PM 4PM
12PM SUMMER
10AM 8AM
The sun’s path across the property has the most effect on the eastern and western faces as the bedrooms are positioned in the south away from the sun. Bedrooms 2 and 3 receive sunlight and warmth in the morning while the living room receives sunlight in the afternoon from the west. During winter the living room is exposed to some degree of sunlight during more of the day.
The general layout of the house does not allow for many opportunities for cross ventilation due to awkward arrangement of the internal walls. However, both the Living Room/ Kitchen and Bedroom 2 have opportunities to create cross ventilation as shown in the diagram to the left.
Above - General roof profile from the western elevation.
Although not the most ideal situation, the topography as well as the location of utility connections did not allow the facilitation of a unified services trench into the house, resulting in a disorganized arrangement of connections.
ABPL20036 ASSIGNMENT ONE ・ MITCHELL SU ・ 660192
WINDOW AND DOOR SCHEDULE
HOUSE PLAN 0
2m
D1 - Masterdor Timber Thermal Dimensions: 820×2040 Notes: Composite filling of door has UValue of 1.0 and is weather sealed.
10m
1. WALK IN WARDROBE 2. LAUNDRY ROOM 3. BATHROOM 4. TOILET D3
D2 - HUME Chic Range Dimensions: 820×2040 Notes: N/A.
D1 D3 GARAGE
D3 - Rationel ALDUS Sliding Patio Door Dimensions: 3000×2200 Notes: Large sliding glass panels allow for ease of movement between interior and exterior.
D4
D3
D4 - Thermacore Insulated Garage Doors Model 496 Dimensions: 4600×2200 Notes: Polyurethane garage door has UValue of 0.05 and is weather sealed.
D1
KITCHEN & LIVING
D1
D3
W1 - Rationel ALDUS Topguided Window Dimensions: 600×600 Notes: Window opens downwards to allow wind in without exposure to elements.
STUDY BED 2 1.
D2
W2
W2 - Rationel ALDUS Sideguided Window Dimensions: 600×1000 Notes: Window facilities large allowance for breezes and cross ventilation
D2 D2
W2
ENSUITE
D2 D2 D2
BED 1
D2
2.
3.
4.
BED 3
W2 * All Rationel ALDUS windows frames have a timber frame with aluminium cladding. The glass panes are double glazed and are filled with argon gas and have a low-e hardcoat.
D1 W1
W1
W1
W1
W1
W1
WALLS, CEILING AND INSULATION The external walls of the house are to be constructed as a reverse brick veneer with a standard R-Value of 2.5. On the interior, a simple timber stud frame with insulation and plasterboard is to be used. The insulation within the wall stud frames include Bradford Gold HiPerformance wall batts with an R-Value of 2.7 at 90mm thick. Openings such as windows are to be covered with heavy drapes to minimize heat loss in winter as well as excessive sunlight during summer periods. In areas such as the bathroom and toilet, venetian
FLOORING blinds are to be used instead given the humid conditions present in a bathroom and toilet In the ceiling, Bradford Gold Hi-Performance ceiling batts are to be used with an R-Value of 7.0 at 290mm thick. The cavernous volume of the skillion roof of the house allows for such a generous addition of insulation above the ceiling.
The flooring base of the house is composed of a suspended concrete slab that has foiling placed under it. The study, bedrooms and walk in wardrobe all feature carpet flooring whereas the kitchen and bathrooms are to use tiling as their flooring. The garage flooring is to have a polished concrete finish.
ABPL20036 ASSIGNMENT ONE ・ MITCHELL SU ・ 660192
SERVICES PLAN 1 ELECTRICAL, LIGHTING AND COMMUNICATIONS
LEGEND Ceiling Light
0
2m
10m
Wall Light Linear LED Light Tube Exhaust Fan Single Switch N
2
2
Multiple Switch Outlet
N
2
N 2
Multiple Outlet Weatherproof Outlet High Voltage Cable
2
Meter 2
Switchboard
4
Inverter
2 2
2
Smoke Detector
2
Fiber Optic Cable Line 2
2
2
Photovoltaic Solar Cells (On roof)
2 2
Premises Connection Device
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
LIGHTING Lighting with the exception of the linear fluorescent lights will be composed of Philips Hue BR30 light bulbs which employ LED lights and are adjustable to a range of colors and brightnesses using a Wi-Fi central hub that can be controlled with a smartphone app. This allows for a unified set of lighting with a high degree of flexibility based on use rather than having a range of different light bulbs to accommodate for every different need.
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER The LED light tubes in the house are to be used in the kitchen and garage areas for better light diffusion in their respective areas. These are more traditional lighting systems that do not have adjustable colors nor brightnesses. The serve as a replacement for the traditional T8 fluorescent light tubes used in contexts such as this.
The solar photovoltaic cells are sourced from Bradford Solar and are arranged in a set of 10 with each panel generating 300W for a total of 3kW. The system has the potential to feed back into the main power grid if needed when not all of the system’s electricity generated is required. The panels are positioned on the northern end of the roof to avoid conflict with the solar-gas hot water system on the southern end of the roof.
ABPL20036 ASSIGNMENT ONE ・ MITCHELL SU ・ 660192
SERVICES PLAN 2 GAS AND WATER SUPPLY
LEGEND Mains/Cold Water
0
2m
10m
Hot Water Hot Water System (Refer below…) Gas Line
1. WALK IN WARDROBE 2. LAUNDRY ROOM 3. BATHROOM 4. TOILET
Hydronic Panels (Refer below…)
HYDRONIC PANEL SYSTEM GARAGE
KITCHEN & LIVING PROVISION FOR DISHWASHER
STUDY BED 2
1. * Not to scale. For illustrative purposes only.
ENSUITE
BED 1
2.
3.
SOLAR-GAS HOT WATER SYSTEM SCHEME 4.
BED 3
2.
REFER TO SOLAR-GAS HOT WATER SYSTEM DIAGRAM FOR MORE INFORMATION
1. Cold/mains water in 2. Solar panels (1023×1941×3) 3. Hot water from solar panels 4. Integrated hot water storage tank with gas booster (1787×648×890) 5. Gas pipe in 6. Cold/mains water into storage tank as required 7. Hot water into general house hot water system
2.
HEATING AND HOT WATER 3. To provide hot water for general water supply system in the house, a Rheem Premier Loline solar hot water system with gas booster is to be used. By using solar-gas hybrid system, energy usage can be optimized based on weather conditions as well as water demand by the house’s residents.
for utilities and plumbing so a separate compact gas heater is to be used as part of the system. 4.
1. For the heating system, a hydronic panel system by Hunt Heating will be employed across most rooms. The water used in this circulation system needs to be kept separate from the potable water system used
5.
6. 7.
ABPL20036 ASSIGNMENT ONE ・ MITCHELL SU ・ 660192
SERVICES PLAN 3 SEWER AND STORMWATER
LEGEND Stormwater
0
2m
10m
Sewerage Hot Water System (Refer to Services Plan 2) Stormwater Down Pipe
1. WALK IN WARDROBE 2. LAUNDRY ROOM 3. BATHROOM 4. TOILET
Sewerage Pipe Vent Water Tank
STORMWATER SYSTEM
GARAGE
As the roof is a skillion roof inclined from south - north, the roof only requires one set of gutters with five downpipes along the north face. The stormwater feeds into a 5000 liter rainwater tank behind the garage with allowances for drainage into stormwater pipes.
GREYWATER SYSTEM
KITCHEN & LIVING
The housing’s water systems contain no formal greywater system to use be used by the house’s residents. However the laundry room has allowances in the piping to allow for future installation for such a system.
STUDY BED 2 1.
ENSUITE
BED 1
2.
REFER TO SERVICES PLAN 2 FOR MORE INFORMATION ON HOT WATER SYSTEM
3.
4.
BED 3
SEWAGE SYSTEM To minimize the number of connections and pipes spanning under the floor slab of the house, the main sewerage pipe has been placed under the middle of the house where a structural wall exists. The pipe network is generally positioned from the north to south -east direction to take advantage of the natural slope present along the property that inclines down towards the corner of Callery Crescent and Benjamin Street. Two vents have been used on the extreme ends of the system on the north and western faces of the house.
ABPL20036 ASSIGNMENT ONE ・ MITCHELL SU ・ 660192
EMBODIED ENERGY E STEP TWO ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL OPTIONS
A B
C
STEP ONE TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY
DETAIL A 1. Sheep Wool Insulation 290mm thickness (R7.0) = 765.66MJ × R7.0 = 5359.6MJ 2. Plasterboard 10mm thickness = 9844.2MJ DETAIL B 1. Recycle Brick Veneer Wall 110mm thickness = 5773.248MJ 2. Cellulose Insulation 90mm thickness (R2.7) = 113.594MJ × R2.7 = 306.7MJ 3. Plasterboard 10mm thickness = 27663.48MJ DETAIL C 1. Edge Insulation Polystyrene 100mm thickness (R3.3) = 3655.1MJ 2. Concrete Slab 110mm thickness = 117583.5MJ 3. Flooring (51.63% Tiles, 48.37% Carpet) = (53413.9MJ× 0.5163)+(124510.9MJ × 0.4837) = 87803.1MJ
DETAIL A - 1:10 1. Glass fiber insulation 290mm thickness (R7.0) = 2187.6MJ × R7.0 = 15313.2MJ 2. Plasterboard 10mm thickness = 9844.2MJ × 1 = 9844.2MJ
1
SUB TOTAL = 25157.4MJ
2
DETAIL B - 1:10 1
2
SUB TOTAL = 89725.9MJ DETAIL C - 1:10 3
2
TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY SAVINGS = 71050.1MJ STEP THREE VS. TOTAL OPERATING ENERGY CONSUMPTION If FirstRate Score = 63 Then Total Energy Consumption = 97MJ/m2 × 182.3m2 Then Total Energy Consumption = 17683MJ/p.a.
3 1. Brick Veneer Wall 110mm thickness = 57732.48MJ 2. Glass fiber insulation 90mm thickness (R2.7) = 1603.68MJ × R2.7 = 4329.9MJ 3. Plasterboard 10mm thickness = 27663.48MJ × 1 = 27663.48MJ
1
NEW TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY = 257989.5MJ
1. Edge Insulation Polystyrene 100mm thickness (R3.3) = 1107.6MJ × R3.3 = 3655.1MJ 2. Concrete Slab 110mm thickness = 117583.5MJ × 1 = 117583.5MJ 3. Flooring (51.63% Tiles, 48.37% Carpet) = (53413.9MJ× 0.5163)+(135084.3MJ × 0.4837) = 92917.7MJ
SUB TOTAL = 214156.3MJ TOTAL EMBODIED ENERGY = 329039.6MJ
In comparison to the annual total energy consumption, the total embodied energy of the house’s ceiling, walls and floor represents
20 YEARS of the annual total energy consumption.
STEP FOUR VS. ON-SITE POWER GENERATION If an array of 2KW Photovoltaic Panels gives an expected annual energy production of 2287kWh in Melbourne, then an equivalent of 8233MJ per year is produced from on site power generation. In comparison, the total embodied energy of the house represents
40 YEARS of photovoltaic power production based on the assumptions given.