Shuli Wu
Portfolio 2019
ARCHITECTURE
W
CONTENTS
01
11-29
PRIMER
02
31-49
STAGING
03
51-71
REALISATION
04
73-88
SYNTHESIS
160311527
Reflective Report
Through a thorough reflection, I realised that my exploration, reasoning and practice during my final year all originated from a long-term accumulation of random events. The occurrence of these events seems both spontaneous and unintentional. My inspirations may come from the repeated stimulation of consumers’ sense by the organised chaos, during my first encounter with Dover Street Market London; Or the sudden feeling of escape when I am situated in a hidden reading space surrounded by greenery, located in the corner of the work space; Or the blurred boundary between work and life created by the owner of a cosy coffee shop who was playing his guitar by the door step after finishing making a drink. The minute details in life have been connected by my curious mind, they have been quietly impacting my reflections on the use of space and living habits, during my design process this year.
The following was discussed in my dissertation: due to impact of societal change and shift of usage on architecture, space itself may carry more meanings. After having a deeper understanding of the Baltic Triangle, I discovered that along with the development of this area, frictions and even contradictions arisen between the area’s identities. Therefore, my hope at the time was to allow these identities to coexist by easing their relationship through my design. After a series of considerations and decision making, my design seems to be more natural. As a result, my method of expressing space became more spontaneous, a greater emphasis was placed on the feeling of the user who are in the space. Hence, in order to communication my feeling and thoughts through direct visualisation, I explored various colours, textures and collages. In conclusion, during this final year of study, I made the new attempt on balancing theory and practice at the same time, added more connect to the real world into the intinction of Aesthetics.
The gap year last year was an especially special experience for me. During that year, I was able to have more time for self-planning – due to the study of literatures, observations and more reflection, learning architecture for me was performed with greater initiative. Dissertation elective have cultivated my interest in experience, economics, and humanities, these branches of knowledge have enlightened more thinking regarding the connection between architecture and human and society. In the same year, I studied Making Leisure Work by Brian Lonsway and Brandscapes by Anna Klingmann. Although it was difficult to fully grasp the theories introduced by the authors, I have been experiencing to some degree, their influences on my design and thought process this year. Today’s era is of the search of customisation and self-realisation, the high efficiencies of productivity and communication enabled us to be exposed to massively diverse produces with great ease. As a result, in order to strengthen a product’s uniqueness, companies often endow it with its own backstory. At the same time, its distinctiveness can bring costumers with brand loyalty to the companies. If we consider architecture as commodities in the context of capitalism, the local identity created by the rational extraction of context will become the competitiveness of an area. As a result, the existence of the architecture itself will bring wider influence on the society.
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Future City - Our Studio
Future City - Studio Brief
This year our studio are exploring ideas of ‘transformation’ and the role of architecture in the ‘transformation’ of spaces and places. Working on an important and unique inner-city site in Liverpool set to experience generic efforts at urban regeneration, we are challenged to create a building that investigates and responds to a ‘scenario’ from ‘living‘, ‘working’ and ‘community’ that engages with the existing context, uses and users of the Baltic Triangle. We are going to create a sequence of interlinked spaces that deal with the idea of ‘transformation’ across a number of scales taking into account diverse local social groups and the spaces in which they dwell.... (Introduce Baltic Triangle and the Studio Brief)
Transformation is a term often used to describe areas of a city undergoing regeneration. Liverpool’s Baltic Triangle is frequently referred to as site of transformation as demonstrated by statements in news articles: ‘the Baltic Triangle has over the past decade transformed from a forgotten area of warehouses into a creative hotspot.’1 The transformation of an area has too often come to mean the removal of existing buildings, uses and communities in favour of generic and placeless architecture that threatens to erase unique, localised character and identity. This year we are asking you to embed yourself in the site, making detailed studies and readings in order to understand the Baltic Triangle’s position in the wider city, the people who live and work in the area and those who visit it. You will need to consider the role your proposal might play in the ‘transformation’ of its immediate site, the Baltic Triangle and the wider context, not just architecturally but also socially and economically. Often the transformation of a place is confined to a specific area within a masterplan’s ‘red line’, whilst spaces on the periphery are forgotten or left to ad hoc development. As well as the mega-development Liverpool One to the north, The Baltic Triangle development area is bounded by the oldest, and onetime largest, Chinese community in the UK, an area that has provided housing for migrants arriving in Liverpool since the 19th century. The area is also proximal to the Toxteth area of the city, home to a diverse, multi-ethnic community. Both existing uses and future plans for the Baltic Triangle are, by and large, insular and ignore much of this diverse context. You will need to tap into this identity and understand Liverpool and the Baltic Triangle beyond their physical landscapes, looking closely at the localised cultures cultivated in the city. You will be asked to explore vacant sites in the Baltic Triangle, as well as peripheral spaces along the Triangle’s boundaries where you will identify a site to situate your building.
Tutors: Kieran Connolly Luke Rigg
For your proposal you will be asked to explore one of the ‘scenarios’ on the following pages and your task will be to identify a programme that is relevant to the site(s) you will be working on considering how it might transform the site(s), alongside a theoretical and critical agenda that you will carefully define.
Members: Alex Bramhall
Jacob Grantham
Lanna de Buitléar
Abdrakhman Talip
Jonny Coekin
Linxi Zhao
Darcy Norgan
Joseph Caden
Oyinkan Omotola
Ethan Medd
Kate Buurman
Qixing Huang
Hannah Carson
Katie Belch
Shuli Wu Yingjin Wang
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Buildings are also transformational in themselves. Constant changes to how we live, work and dwell mean buildings need to provide a variety of spaces and experiences that enable suitable conditions for interaction, encounter and social exchange. Your buildings should be designed for specific activities relating to your chosen scenario producing spatial experiences that are generous, not (unknowingly) exploitative and open to transformation, reinvention, re-use or even times of misuse. You are invited to work creatively and provocatively to produce spatial conditions that explore how your chosen programme can be constructed and experienced, creatively deploying methods and techniques of architectural design and construction. Your facilities should be unique and individual, a chance for you to express your architectural thinking in what will be the final design project of your undergraduate studies.
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Future City - Scenarios
Figure 1. Spreefeld Cohousing Berlin, Carpaneto Architekten, Fatkoehl Architekten, BARarchitekten
1. CITY LIVING - There a several recently completed housing schemes and many more under construction in the Baltic Triangle both for private sale and student rental. These schemes mostly follow a generic pattern of commercially led, high density development, are poorly constructed and have, if at all, token references to the local context and population. In this scenario you are challenged to devise an alternative proposal for future housing in the area considering, amongst other factors that you are to identify, the relationship to the night-time economy & 24/7 culture of the area; who might be living there; alternative & sustainable models of housing; the provision of affordable living; and the diversity of housing types for a variety of potential occupants, from families to the elderly.
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Figure 2. Terratinta Ceramiche, Enrico Bergamini
2. WORKING IN THE CITY - The Baltic Triangle is home to a number of light industrial uses, which have more recently been replaced by artists’ studios and co-working spaces for creative industries. Spaces for artists and creative businesses are valuable assets in city centres, however they are often used as agents of gentrification. In this scenario you will critique the way that these uses are all too often reduced to small, expensive desk spaces constructed using on ‘trend’ materials such as OSB or plywood. You will question whether these kind of environments are suitable places for working in the Baltic Triangle, and whether they are inclusive and affordable environments for the surrounding community. You should also consider the light industry in the area and what role this might play in your alternative future scenario.
Figure 3. Cobalt Studios Newcastle
3. A PLACE FOR COMMUNITY - The current regeneration of the Baltic Triangle is typified by generic ‘themed’ bar/club spaces, various upmarket ‘eateries’ and spaces for ‘competitive socialising’ such as Ghetto Golf and Bongo’s Bingo. As well as pricing out many local residents these are largely weekend and evening-oriented activities. Coupled with an increase in residential developments this is leading to an erosion of the area’s once vibrant 24/7 culture. In this scenario you will question whether the current provision of ‘community’ spaces in the Baltic Triangle is sufficient and inclusive and propose an alternative type of building that prioritises the inclusivity of Liverpool’s diverse communities and focuses on how a building can be designed for use 24 hours day, incorporating both the Triangle’s daytime and night-time economies.
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PRIMER
Exemplar - Context
Exemplar - Introduction
Seattle is one of the biggest city on the West Coast of the United States. It is a seaport city, the seat of King County, Washington. In the past few years, Seattle has been ranked as the fast-growing major city in the US. In 2018, Seattle became the 15th largest city in the US. Seattle is now a global centre of high technology and software production. Historically, the industry in Seattle was based on lumber and manufacture. Affected by the World War I, the industry was focused on shipbuilding, then gradually shifted to aircraft and software.
Demographic
- 3.94 Million in metropilia - Fastest-growing city - Ethnicity - Primarily white 69.5% - Asian 13.8% - Black 7.9% - Hispanic/Latino 6.6% - Per capita income $30,306 - Male vs. Female $40,929/$35,134 - 11.8% under poverty 12
Economic
- Traditionally: Lumber - Commercialised since late 19th Century - GMP= $231 billion in 2010 - Technology centre - Amazons - Microsoft - T-Mobile US - Starbucks -Costco
Seaside
Cultural
- Emerald City - Multicultural - Gay City - Performing arts - Music concerts - Live Musics - Tourism - Museums and Galleries - Seattle Great Wheel - Space Needle
Downtown
Site
Figure 4. Airbnb Engineering Hub Seattle, Bora Architects
The exemplar I chose is Airbnb Engineering Hub in Seattle. It occupies about 3700m2 of two storeys in a 19th Century office building in the very central area in Seattle, which is an assemble of offices and bases of technology companies. The reconstruction is designed by Bora Architects, with Airbnb environment team in 2018. The aim was to fit a high-tech company into the existing space in brick with harmony, and to create a home-like atmosphere in the meantime.
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Exemplar - Materiality and Atmosphere
Exemplar - Working Space
Co-Working Space
Cafe
Meeting Room
Figure 5. Airbnb Engineering Hub Seattle, Bora Architects
Greenery
Brick
OSB Board
Timber
Steel frame/Glazing Working Space Typologies
By considering the on-site sustainability, most of the existing building fabrics are retained. The opening surrounded and the skylight above the atrium maximise the daylight thereby lower the energy use. The existing brick walling with recyclable OSB boards and timber material decorated by numbers of plants comprise the material scheme of the building. The use of natural materials are able to reduce the carbon production. In the meantime, it creates a comfortable and warm atmosphere for the working space.
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There are various types of working space with various sizes regarding to different purposes of use, primarily is the co-working space which provides public space facilitating co-working and communication, with a high level of flexibility as the space is divided by the application of few partition walls.
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Exemplar - Drawings
Exemplar - Atrium - Working-Leisure Hybrid
Public Seating
Meeting Room
Third Floor Plan
Building Section
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
IT Help Desk Lounge Meeting Rooms Atrium Cafe
Reception / Teapoint Meeting Room Assembly Atrium Food Service Hub Cafe
Corridors
Figure 6. Terratinta Ceramiche, Enrico Bergamini
I do enjoy the spatial environment in the atrium. It accommodates multiple activities in one opened space, but linking them together to create a more community-like working vibe. Meanwhile, the space blurs the boundary of working-leisure activities, and in this way to create a flexible, alternative and relax working space. 16
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Exemplar - Atrium
What inspired me the most about the atrium is the atmosphere of community, which consists of various spaces, adapting activities from work to leisure... 18
Exemplar - Atrium
...so I am expecting a design to achieve the well-being in working space, a relief against one-fits-all working prototype, but a space of inspiration, creativity, and communication.
Therefore I am going to dig into the local working space to explore the formation of community culture and then try to develop a healthy working environment fitting the locals. 19
Baltic Triangle - Neighbourhoods LIVERPOOL ONE PIER HEAD ROPEWALKS
CHINA TOWN
HOPE ST QUATER
KING’S DOCK
SELFTON STREET CORRIDOR
World Heritage Site and Conversation Area World Heritage Site Buffer Zone Boundary Liverpool City Enterprise Zone Principal Road Network/ Connection
Kings Dock sits to the west of Baltic Triangle which forms part of the Waterfront. There are developments with huge investments, including the ÂŁ164m arena, Tate Liverpool and convention centre. Comparing with its historical use, Kings Dock nowadays is a site for visitors, as more and more restaurants, hotels and entertainment facilities are under development in this area.
Liverpool One is a significant sign shows the redevelopment of Liverpool city, which represent the involvement of retail, leisure and commercial provision of the city centre. Now Liverpool One accomondates more than 200 retail units, 500 apartments, hotels, restaurants and commercial buildings.
Chinatown is located in the east of Baltic Triangle which is the oldest Chinese Community in Europe. Chinatwon provides special cityscape of housing, restaurants and community facilities. Following the expansion of New Chiantown, the culture context becomes increasingly considerable.
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Field Trip - First Impression of Baltic Triangle
Our studio had the first field trip to Liverpool on October 28, 2019. I think it was a great opportunity to gain the first impression of Liverpool and Baltic Triangle, and to explore the working scenario by visiting some existing working spaces. The most inspiring thing in Baltic Triangle is the creative environment. Walking along Jamaica Street, I can see graffiti and decorations everywhre; 22
overlaped brick buildings; small shop fronts... At the moment, I had a feeling of deja vu because everything is taking me back to the Brick Lane in London. However, there are just few people on the street even it was a sunny day. Shops are empty and event spaces are collapsed whilst expensive residential buildings are growing. Therefore, the unbalance development is another issue comes into my mind.
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Field Trip - Baltic Triangle - Creative Community Alongside RopeWalk district where ÂŁ250 million has been spent over the last decade in new leisure, residential and creative industry.
Expensive Living: There are significant amount of land in Balric triangle are occupied by luxury residence, student accomondation and hotels. 24
Indigenous Businesses: Car repair workshops, Mechanics, Welders and Tradespeople
Creative Businesses: Digital media agencies, PR companies, Architects, Designers, Musicians, etc.
Creative Cultures: Buildings of brickwork, small companies and shops, graffiti on the wall come to form the first impression of Baltic Triangle - a space for creative minds and freedom of expression.
Baltic Creative CIC: CIC provides flexible workspace and residence for the emerging creative digital and media companies. Since 2009 CIC has invested over ÂŁ3 million in refurbishing small warehouses for development and further expansion.
Elevator Studios: A Grade II listed warehouse which provides flexible work spaces for designers, artists, musicians and commerical business. 35 small and medium offices, and 18 fullfloor offices allow companies providing employment. 25
Creative Community - Working Experience
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Figure 7. Baltic Creative CIC
Figure 8. Elevator Studios
Various space typologies of working in Baltic Creative CIC
Co-working spaces in Elevator Studios
Baltic Creative CIC - External View of Cafe
Baltic Creative CIC - External View of Shop-front Studios
Baltic Creative CIC - External View of Working Spaces
Baltic Creative CIC - Outdoor Exhibition Space
My celebratory piece is a summary of my observation related to local creative community. Jamaica Street is the home of creative business which is the sign of the Baltic Triangle’s local creativity. Baltic Creative owns many properties on the street which provides various working spaces. Therefore, my celebratory piece is focusing on CIC, from its external appearance, to how the specific function may effects on people’s activity.
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STAGING
Field Trip - Deep Into Liverpool
Attitude towards cycling: When I took the day trip in Liverpool I realissed that riding bikes is a popular way of transport in the city centre, as well as the Baltic Triangle. Therefore, cycling-friendly design like routes and parking lots will be a matter in my design.
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Brick Buildings: This time I re-visit the Baltic Triangle and take closer to the traditional working spaces. Brick warehouses are the most common typology in this area.
The Dock: The riverside is being deveoped as a tourist-focused area. There are new built developments of hotel, restaurants and museams, as well as renewal properties. For example, an assemble of 19th century industrial warehouses are refurbished as a home of Tate Liverpool.
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Case Study - Granby Street Winter Garden
The winter garden is part of the regeneration project taking part in Granby Street by London studio Assemble associated with Granby Four Street Community Lan Trust (CLT). It is a space for public gathering renewed from two local houses. The winter garden is designed as a multi-functional space involving a public sheltered garden; a living space consists of dining area, kitchen and toilet; 34 a studio currently rent and
by a ceramic tile artist. I chose to visit this site from three various architecture prototypes because I am so interested in the atmosphere generated by old bricks, vegetation, a significant crystal chandelier, and the blue-painted steel which inspired by the tile artwork. Meanwhile, I do enjoy the harmoneous arrangement of space as each space has their own characteristics but there is a good connection among them.
After vising the site, we did a case study booklet as a group to analyse architectually about the winter garden. In order to explore how architectural design can effect on user’s experience espacially through materiality and circulation, the first part
I did is spatial sequence. As the winter garden is part of a community, then I did typoligy studies towards Byker and Holmes Road Studio. In so doing, I take a closer look to the community, and explore the possibility of public/ working space in community. 35
Field Trip - Manchester
HOME Manchester
Affl ecks The Printworks
The Smithfield Market Hall
HOME Manchester Royal Exchange John Rylands Library
Manchester is a city of inspirations to me. During this threeday trip, I went to several spots around the city, including working, retail, public and historical sites. The most impressive thing I experienced is Northern Quarter. It is a home to local creative powers, vintage shops, bars and cafe.
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Piccadilly Gardens
HOME is a multi-functional art centre, which provides spaces for the exhibition of contemprary art, threatre and film. In the meantime, there are spaces for eating and resting which is visitor-firendly, and various working spaces provides layers of experience of working.
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Existing Problems - Fast Gentrification & Generic Cityscape 2 DAYS LATER...
“IT’S JUST PRIME
GENTRIFICATION.”
“This is cultural appropriation by developers and corporates with the connivance of so-called ‘representatives’ sanitising the Baltic for profit.”
“They could have painted anywhere else in the city - other than a spot that has been designated to graffiti writers for decades.”
“We have been as inclusive as possible and have used this as an opportunity to give support to local charities and organisations doing great work in the city as well as supporting the great work being done in the Skate Park...”
“The artwork itself is good - the principle of where they have painted is really bad.”
“It’s very much about giving back to the community.”
2000S
Figure 9. Generic Property Development
NEXT DECADE...
Historically, Baltic Triangle is an industrial zone with less residence in site. From 2000s, this area has appeared as new development district close to city centre.
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Between 2014-17, £100 million has been invested for developing private properties of over 860 apartments including student accomondation, boutique residence and hotels.
Increasing gentrification raised up the land price which results that many working class in Baltic Triangle doesen’t live in there. In this case, CIC provides over 80 affordable housing in site.
GENERIC HOUSING
LOCAL IDENTITY 39
Existing Problems - Economic Development Residence Retail & Leisure Offices
MARGINAL??? SEASONAL???
Industrial
Indigenous Businesses: There are small to medium companies locates in the warehouses, including car repair & washing and component selling. 40
Leisure Entertainment: The commercial at the south side of Jamaica Street is primarily for food, drink and dancing.
EVERYDAY COMMERCIAL 41
BRIDGING, FLEXIBLE, PUBLIC BRIDGING, FLEXIBLE, PUBLIC BRIDGING, FLEXIBLE, PUBLIC
IDENTITY IDENTITY IDENTITY
Protect local cityscape.
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Create comfortable working environment to local artists, designers and creators.
Help Baltic Triangle to be influential by emphasis the identity of creativity.
LOCAL CREATIVITY
Construct a production-sell chain both on site to build a self-sufficient programme.
Free exhibition + selling artwork to stimulate consumption from both residents in Baltic Triangle and tourists.
COMMERCIALISED CREATIVITY 43
Programme - Market + Exhibition +Working Space
Phase 1 Studio / Small Workshops
MARKET
Library Transformational Space Exhibition Space
Cafe
Outdoor Market/Garden + Parking
Storage
Workshop
Assembly
Phase 2 Working + Resting + Library
Services
35 sqm
Market
705 sqm
Public Seating 40 sqm Reception
8 sqm
Workshop
295 sqm
Gallery
25 sqm
Studio
69 sqm
Leisure Space 84 sqm
Market+ Exhibition Workshop/Storage
Storage
Cafe
Studios
Library
20 sqm
Circulation Market+ Exhibition
EXHIBITION 44
WORKING
Services
Reception
Workshop
Services
Initially, the idea of working and retail spaces are relatively separated so the Phase 1 and Phase 2 diagrams show the possible activities in the two spaces. I used to consider a transformational space that connects working and retail spaces, meanwhile it provides space for exhibition.
However, it was removed because instead of a clear distinction between them, a soft transition will architecturally express a working-selling chain. Then I did development through series of sketch models. Pitched roof is a representitive symbol of the Baltic Triangle, and a sign of casual market space. 45
Proposal - Site Mix-used Residence
Jamaica Street
Domestic Housing
Site Boundary
Retail Business Car Park
Jamaica Street
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Sunpath
Wind Direction
Landscape
Noise Control
In summer, the sun angle is 56°. To avoid overheat on site, there are atriums inside the building to provide stock effect. In winter, the sun angle drops to 8°. Shades are considered to prevent glare. The location of site is decided according to the programme of my design.
Primarily, winds come from the west side. In order to maintain the indoor temperature and minimise energy loose, there will be double entrance door to avoid direct entry of winds.
As a post-industry zone, currently Baltic Triangle is lack of vegetation. In order to improve the local landscape, apart from car parks, the rest of site will be green space.
Besides a car park on the north, the sire is surrounded by residential developments. Externally the building keeps distances from residence and with the block of vegetation. Internally noise-control insulation will be used in workshop spaces. 47
Realisation
Material Study- Warehouses in Baltic Triangle
1700S Trading & Storage
Multi-Storey
Hoist Figure 10. Liverpool Warehouses
Mix-used living
“Of all the building types present in Liverpool, warehouses are perhaps most emblematic of the city’s history for these buildings handled the trade that brought prosperity to the region.” 52
1800S
Expanding business results in the increasing scale of 19th century warehouses, typically 6-8 storeys, with firmly steel structure with thick timber inner structure preventing from fire.
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Precedents - Langley Vale Visitor Centre - Bryant Flink Architecture + Design
Material Study- Charlie Bigham Food Campus -Feilden Fowles Architects
Figure 11
Figure 12
I found this precedent interesting becasue of the ritual of space given by exposed Glulam structure; and I like these beautiful scissor crossing and the position of skylights.
Charlie Bigham Food Campus inspired me that the way materiality can differentaite internal functionalities.
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Material Study- Selection of Material
Material Study- Elevation
Examples of local brick facade
At this stage, the positioning of openings are less considered externally so the arrangement and the shaping still need more experiments
The materiality has been clarified. As the design of material and building form is inspired from traditional local buildings, I would like to explore the possibility of more modernised window styles.
During this period, I had two approaches towards window design - randomly placed and vertically aligned.
External Material Border Brown Sandfaced 73mm by BEESLEY & FILDES LTD
Siberian Larch Cladding by RUSSWOOD
Zinc Roofing by The Metal Roof Company
sandfaced, pale and pinkish bricks from local manufacturer
its colour varys from light reddish brown to light gold brown which forms a muted grey tone
Zinc is durable, lightweight and recyclable. Low maintenance price is an important issue to provide more affordable working space.
Colour: Flemish Antique Type: Brick slip Manufacturer: Real Brick LTD D i m e n s i o n : 215x65x18mm Application: Covered on plasterboard
Colour: Concrete Type: Screed Manufacturer: All Mix Concrete Liverpool Thickness: 100mm Application: Floor screed with ground heating pipes
Internal Material
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Colour: Various Type: Recycled furniture Manufacturer: Various Application: Typically appeared as tables, stands and shelves that are able to display goods for sale.
The window positioning follows a random order. I tried several iterations then find out an order matches the interior arrangement.
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Material Study- Thinking Through Making Week
During this week, I did experiments towards materiality and atmosphere. I chose concrete as it has durability and capability of shaping. I used timber mould to craft a conceptualised interior space and try to find the experience brought by concrete, brick and colours.
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1
Detail - 1:20 Section
Zinc
2
3 Timber
1
VMZINC zinc roof cladding; 20mm batten, Roof outer and inner ventilation; Insula- tion,Vapour barrier; Service area; plaster board covering
2
140/315mm Glulam frame supported by 90/225mm joists and scissor crossing
3
RUSSWOOD Vertical Grain Siberian Larch Cladding; 50/50mm horizontal counter battens; 100mm insulation; Vapour barrier and sheathing board; 140/225mm Glulam col- umn with 140mm insulation; dpc and vcl; Flemish Antique brick slip by Real Brick LTD covered on 12.5mm plasterboard
4
Steel outdoor canopy supported by 152mm column; covered by glazing Armatherm™ FRR structural thermal break
5
40mm concrete screed with heating pipes; 125/15mm sterling board; timber structural components with insulation; trusses with cavity for building services; 12.5mm plaster- board ceiling
6
Brick external wall on ground floor; 50mm cavity; Vapour barrier and sheathing board; Glulam structural components with insula- tion; dpc and vcl; Flemish Antique brick slip by Real Brick LTD covered on plasterboard
6mm double glazing with 16mm cavity
7 60
125mm concrete sreed with ground heating pipes; 100mm insulation; 20mm dpm; 300 mm concrete base
4
Steel
5
6
Brick
7 61
Secondary Structure
Primary Structure
Glulam Studs+Batterns
Floor: Concrete Screed
Glulam Frame
Once the site is prepared, the first stage of construction will be the primary structure which holds the building to stand. Concrete trench foundation provided as the base, and then Glulam frame wil be built upon it.
Steel Plate
Ground Floor Facade: Brick
Joists - 2nd Floor
Joists - 1st Floor
After that, the secondary structure elements will be applied. Externally, timber studs and brich cladding contribute to the structure; batterns for cladding; and a canopy connects to the main structure. Internally, floor and ceiling form the secondary structural elements.
Canopy: Steel Frame+ Glass
Tertiary Structure Roof Cladding: Zinc Board
Foundation: Concrete Base+Concrete Pads
Finally, finishes and services will be delivered to the building. For example, there is a zinc cladding for the roof, timber and Cor-Ten cladding to highlight different functions of the building. Windows, skylights in various sizes provides daylights.
Workshops Facade: CorTen Panels
Market Facade: Vertical Grain Larch Cladding
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Windows: Frame+Glazing
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Development- Diagramming
Development- Plans Iteration 1: Set up possible spaces in market/ working area.
1. The site has four sides facing roads and main traffic routes. It has a rectangular shape so there is less restriction about the positioning of buildings.
2. The average building heights on the southeast side exceeds 24 metres. By considering its relative short distance from the site, there will be no construction in the southeast of the site.
3. Clear spaces are given for pathways. There will be more space for southwest side and its opposite because they have greater potential uses as they are next to the critical transport routes.
Iteration 2: Add openings, re-organise space arrangements, and landscapes at first stage.
Iteration 3: More tests on spatial organisation in relation to building heights and daily uses.
Iteration 4: Technical considerations: e.g. fire escapes, accessibility.
Iteration 4: Developments of spatial organisation.
4. The main entrance is facing Jamaica Street so its adjacent is cut with angles to ensure greater area facing the street. This side can be a creative space for graffiti artists.
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5. Heights of building is differentiated according to the two key space, as the southwest is used as market+exhibition space and the rest is working space.
6. The roof has a pitched form as it provides more vertical sapce for the market, and it is an element of industrial warehosues in Liverpool.
Section: Testing building heights and roof positioning.
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1F Plan
Development- Hand-drawn 1-100 Drawings Section
GF Plan
2F Plan
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Precedents - Dover Street Market London
Figure 13
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Precedents - Leicester Print Workshop - Takero Shimazaki Architects
Figure 14
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Collage - Concept Visualisation I continue working on collage techniques to develop my work and I think these collages are an important step of my entire design. At this stage, the percise dimensions of spaces are not revealed, so the collages are more conceptual. I illustrate a rough appearance of key spaces of the building and try to state the materiality. In the meantime, I use a lot decorations - their density and order is the evidence show spatial quality in terms of area, accessibility and functionality
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Synthesis
GF Plan
N
This collage shows the key space of the ground floor market space. I used various textures showing materiality, and decorations represent the atmosphere and experience of space - random, chaos and relax, people would spend more time in a shopping space like this.
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1F Plan
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N
They are two highlight spaces on the 1st floor, retail space, public working and gallery. The experience of shopping space is contrast to the ground floor, as the ceiling is higher, with more natural light coming in; shops are displayed within partition walls so the accessibility is clearer. The second collage is actually a good summery to the programme I proposed - produce and sell on-site. The gallery is linked with the market. As the public working space is blocked by display partitions, the space is more private, and then transmit to private workshops.
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2F Plan
N
On the tip floor, there is a ‘secrete garden’ for working people - a resting space and a library which are completely separated from publics, but with sufficient exposures.
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Section
Key Section The section illustrates a live moment of the building - various activities taking place, how the building stands up, and how the elswhere is occupied other than the bulding...
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The perspective drawing shows a view of people who live/work nearby. The facade is welcomed with no blockage, and there is a bike parking area because of the considerable 86 popularity of cycling.
For local residents who live in Chinatown, the site provides greenspaces; the building height and materiality links local housing with new developed residentail properties. As the privacy needs to be considered both physically and psychologically, the facade is less significant in terms of attraction.
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Cultural Bibliography
Making Leisure Work and Brandscapes are two crucial literature works which influenced my dissertation, and I realised that they also influenced my reflections towards design.
Charrette: the journey of creating shopfront spaces made me realised that display windows are not only a part of shopfront that display goods, but the most quickest way to communicate the backstories to consumers, the most direct way to express brand identity.
Figure 15. 19th Century London Showroom
Dover Street Market London brought me inspirations about retail environment. It provides good display with the fusion of visual art which generates rich experience of shopping. In my further research, I realised this kind of shopping environment can be traced back to the 19th century showrooms in London. The book English Shops And Shopping provides me a lot of useful information about the evolution of British shopping environment.
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At the first time I visit the Baltic Triangle, the most impressive moment is seeing two members of sraff from Elevator Studios who sit on this hidden space outside of cafe and chat. This moment drives me to consider the flexibility of working.
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List of Illustrations
Bibliography
Figure 1 Spreefeld Cohousing Berlin, Carpaneto Architekten, Fatkoehl Architekten, BARarchitekten, https://www.archdaily.com/587590/coop-housing-project-at-the-river-spreefeld-carpaneto-architekten-fatkoehl-architekten-bararchitekten/54b732b4e58ece61b9000023-10_coop_sfb_38_communal_kitchen2_a4-jpg?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user Figure 2 Terratinta Ceramiche / Enrico Bergamini, https://www.archdaily.com/892607/terratinta-ceramiche-enrico-bergamini/?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user Figure 3
Cobalt Studios, http://www.cobaltstudios.co.uk/gallery
Figure 4-6 https://www.archdaily.com/922645/airbnb-seattle-engineering-hub-bora-architects/?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user Figure 7
https://www.baltic-creative.com/spaces/developments/creative-campus/
Figure 8
http://elevatorstudios.com/
ArchDaily. (2019). Airbnb Seattle Engineering Hub / Bora Architects. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/922645/ airbnb-seattle-engineering-hub-bora-architects/?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user [Accessed 17 Oct. 2019]. Bora. (2019). Airbnb Seattle Engineering Hub. [online] Available at: https://bora.co/project/airbnb-seattle-engineering-hub/?tax=selected&first=true [Accessed 17 Oct. 2019]. â&#x20AC;&#x153;DSM London : Doverstreetmarket.Comâ&#x20AC;?, London.Doverstreetmarket.Com, 2019 <https://london.doverstreetmarket.com/ floorguide/third-floor> https://www.archdaily.com/587590/coop-housing-project-at-the-river-spreefeld-carpaneto-architekten-fatkoehl-architekten-bararchitekten/54b732b4e58ece61b9000023-10_coop_sfb_38_communal_kitchen2_a4-jpg?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user https://www.archdaily.com/870949/malmo-saluhall-wingardh-arkitektkontor-ab/?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user
Figure 9 Generic Property Developmenthttp://regeneratingliverpool.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Baltic-Triangle-Development-Framework-Document.pdf
https://www.archdaily.com/881525/baltic-station-market-koko-architects/?ad_source=myarchdaily&ad_medium=bookmark-show&ad_content=current-user
Figure 10
Liverpool Warehoues, Giles, Colum, Storehouses Of Empire (Historic England, 2015)
https://www.beesleyandfildes.co.uk/border-brown-sandfaced-73mm/
Figure 11
https://deseopolis.tumblr.com/post/147210942610/langley-vale-visitor-center-surrey-uk-al-jawad
https://www.dezeen.com/2019/04/26/assemble-granby-winter-garden-architecture-liverpool/
Figure 12
https://www.feildenfowles.co.uk/charlie-bighams-food-production-campus/
Klingmann, Anna, Brandscapes (Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2010)
Figure 13
https://london.doverstreetmarket.com/floorguide/third-floor
Lonsway, Brian, Making Leisure Work (Abingdon : Routledge, 2009)
Figure 14
https://www.t-sa.co.uk/project/leicester-print-workshop/
http://regeneratingliverpool.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Baltic-Triangle-Development-Framework-Document.pdf
Figure 15 19th Century London Showroom, Morrison, Kathryn, English Shops And Shopping (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2007)
https://www.russwood.co.uk/cladding/products/siberian-larch-sila/ https://themetalroofcompany.co.uk/zinc-roofing/