Synopsis
The task in hand of our first semester in the Oikos Transformed studio was to respond to the open letter to the architectural community: a call for curriculum change, which acknowledges architecture’s role in the ongoing ecological crisis1. We argue that Oikos is not merely a vague metaphor for ecology, but that built and ‘lived in’ households offer a density of ‘life’ and so provide a key to understanding the household of nature and so offer us clues for ecological living2. Taking Oikos as the fundamental unit of inhabitation, we ask what changes can we make in our daily lives - their organisation, design and construction - so that the architecture of a city becomes an extension of the world’s life force and part of our ongoingness, rather than further cause for concern.
With the bottom-up approach, we developed principles as a way of reimagining the relationship between a family-like unit and the polis (city). ‘Dream house’ prototype, a 21st century vision of a home that meaningfully informs the city to establish new ecological principles of theory and practice for architecture. Moving onto second semester, I pursued to emphasise around a specific line of enquiry of an ecological insight to develope my thesis. Hence, the heart of this studio is a proposal for a building type that is fundamentally ecological and unique to the unfolding ecological era. Following the ethos of the Open Letter, the final design proposes a new paradigm for making and practice.
Thesis Progression
In Search of a Worlding
World
Worlding a ‘World’
‘Dream House’ prototype
Mapping of Protagonist
Waste Management in Venice
Proposed Site
Spatial Distribution: Cross-section 1:50 (fit to page) Longitudinal Section 1:50 (fit to page)
Line of Enquiry
Site Analysis
All Plans - 1.500 & 1:200
Research into Making Coffee Composite
Building Programme
Project Time Frame from Phase 2-4
Coffee Composite Experiments
Massing - 1:1000
Phasing
Reflection on Venice
Phasing Analysis
Experiential Sections - 1:50 (fit to page)
Research on Coffee Clay Bricks Thesis Overview Thesis Manifesto
Technology Cross-Sectional Drawing 1:100 showing Material Strategy and Structural Strategy Axonometric Drawing showing Environmental Strategies
CONTENTS IN SEARCH OF A WORLDING Page 8 ‘WORLD’ Page 32 WORLDING A ‘WORLD’ Page 46 TECHNOLOGY Page 88 PRECEDENTS Page 93 BIBLIOGARPHY Page 94
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Dream House Prototype
Concept model showing the vertical setting of a household sharing domestic facilities with their neighbours
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How can you reimagine waste streams in the existing contexts of Venice? My take on responding to the ‘ecological living’ and the first task of making furniture was to demonstrate the structure of human relationships with oneself and their surroundings. Moreover, the interaction between the Kin and the Kith. For this reason, the design concept of a furniture included the distribution of work between humans, their objects (furniture) and the environment. How might this amalgam act as a microcosm which can reduce the impact on the environment? Musu (2001) states that, “the percentage of waste prodduced by day-trippers is estimated at about 83% of the average annual total and increases during its peak season for tourists.
Thus, how can we reuse organic waste in supplying energy such as water, electricity and heat? The proposal of a microbial home project came across to me as one of the examples of thinking about integrated cyclical ecosystem where each functions output is another’s input. The home is viewed as a biological machine to filter process and recycle what we conventionally think of as waste such as garbage and waste water. Philips Design (n.d.). Microbial Home by Philips Design - Central island generating methane. [image] Available at: http:// www.yooko.fr/microbial-home-la-cuisineecologique-de-demain-par-philips/# [Accessed 8 Feb. 2020].
Concept Drawing
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Dream House Prototype
Concept model showing the pipe connections and functionality if a biodigester was placed between two walls shared between the household and the neighbour
The concept was a vertical setting of household items that bridges the gap between neighbourhoods in cities in a micro level and to have mutual dependency on the wellbeing of themselves and the environment. How can we achieve to filter, process and recycle waste and exchange the distribution of work? Incorporating mechanisms such as a biodigester mitigates the amount of waste produced in landfills by recycling it. The biological process takes place when organic matter is decomposed by bacteria in the absence of oxygen.
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During this process a biogas such as methane is produced which further is combusted to provide heat and electricity. There are baffles kept to separate the sediment from water waste, this water is then filtered and stored in a water tank for it to be recycled to toilets, showers and kitchen sink. In summary, the furniture was a way to ask these questions I had in a conceptual way.
Concept Drawing
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Waste Management in Venice
IlSudOnLine (n.d). [image] Available at: https://www. ilsudonline.it/profondo-nord-in-2200-per-140-postidi-spazzino-a-venezia-sempre-meglio-della-fabbricae-ci-sono-anche-laureati/ [Accessed 12 Feb. 2020].
Knight (2014). Trash Day [Image] Available at: https://www.cntraveler.com/galleries/2014-07-28/living-in-venice-italy [Accessed 12 Feb. 2020]. L ‘ho fatta io (2008). Sacca San Biagio, with the former incinerator in the background [Image] Available at: https://de.wikipedia. org/wiki/Sacca_San_Biagio#/media/Datei:R0300003.jpg [Accessed 12 Feb. 2020].
A uniquely Venetian way of trash collection. Garbage men collect waste on foot, with handcarts to wheel the refuse to the edge of larger canals. The trash is then transferred to large boats that ferry it out of the city. You can usually spot this process outside the Rialto Market, which generates its fair share of trash on a daily basis. Though this method works well, it isn’t cheap. The cost of garbage collection is three times the price in Venice as it is on the mainland.
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Garbage Removal Cost Garbage production as a resuly of tourists: 50% Daily tourist garbage: 75 tonnes Daily removal cost: 122,700 euros Yearly garbage removal cost: 44.8 million euros
Collection Point at Rialto Bridge Waste Management Service
Sacca San Biagio was an artificial island made between 1920 and 1950. It was demolished as a result of rubbish accumulation as landfill and ash from the operation of an incinerator (1973-1985).
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Line of Enquiry
History of Coffee in Venice
In many other parts of the city, dozens of coffee shops started opening
Venetian Merchants brought first bags of coffee in Venice
Giovan Francesco Morosini was the first to mention the coffee
As a result, the thesis is looking into tackling one particular waste stream that Venice faces a lot with the current situation in sustainability. Through that the project focuses on revitalizing the historical and cultural consumption of coffee.
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The first coffee shop called ‘botega da caffè’ opened in Piazza San Marco
Carlo Goldoni, the famous Venetian playwright, wrote and staged at the theater Sant’Angelo in Venice’s famous comedy “La bottega del caffè” (The Coffee Shop). He took the inspiration from reality to create situations and characters, and then transposed the scene depicting a snapshot of the eighteenth-century bourgeois society in Venice; a reason to understand what has been the social importance of coffee shops around the city of Venice: everyday places that were combined with the life and spirit of the Venetians.
The Caffè Florian was opened under the name, ‘In Venice Triumphant’. From then on, this elegant building has been characterized by its exclusive products and guests: here, noblemen, politicians, intellectuals would meet.
Gran Caffè Quadri embodies the memory of centuries lived in the twilight of the Republic of Venice, and the birth of the modern age, and the secrets of the people who sat in its halls.
Mapping Coffee Shops in Venice
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Research into Making Coffee Composite
Materiom (n.d). Material Data Sandbox [Website] Available at: https://materiom.org/visualise [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019].
While searching for recipes online for making coffee composite, I came across this website called Materiom. Materiom is an online forum that provides open source recipes and data on material made from abundant sources of natrual ingredients, like agricultural waste. “Step into a forest. Dive under the ocean. All the biomass around you - all the living and dying and building of habitat - is a vast and continual production of materials. And yet forests have no landfill, the ocean no waste water. For billions of years, plants and animals have evolved to make materials with a particular set of ingredients that other organisms know how to source, use, breakdown, and use again. It’s time we take notes.� - Materiom 17
Their experiments tests mechanical and aesthetic properties for material analysis, digital modelling and product design. They support companies, cities and communities to suppport the development of local biomaterial supply chains that nourish local ecologies and economies. As a result, it came out to my interest in trying their recipes as a guide to where my material explorations can take me further with my thesis.
Materiom (n.d). Material Library [Website] Available at: https://materiom.org/search [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019].
Cork | Pine Resin (high heat) Cor01
Coffee Composite Co02
Coffee | Agar - Alginate Co01
Coffee Composite Co02
Chosen coffee experiments from Materiom Website
Available on: https://materiom.org/search [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019]
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Coffee Composite Experiments
First Experiment
Making a mould
Getting the correct measuring equipments
Second Experiment
Third Experiment
First steps of the mixture before heating it
The hands-on experience on making my own coffee composite allowed me to see its characteristics and the binding strength of the materials mixed with coffee resiude and other natural ingredients readily available to me. The ambition of my thesis was that the technology choreographed by the people under the conditions of Venice would reflect on their material life cycle which will in result hold a personal value in the creation of their material exploration.
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Zbigniew Oksiuta believes that the principles of biological transformation of energy into form will be the main topic of this century. He says, “Human expansion has the fundamental direction; first one is directed inwards, into the microcosmos of life and the second one is leading us into macrocosmic space. Hence, with this broad spectrum, new form of thinking is required in order to investigate the known structures, forms and norms.” Oksiuta (2011) ‘Spatium Gelatum’. [Image] Available at: https://www.arch.rpi. edu/2011/10/oksiuta-zbigniew/ [Accessed 03 Dec. 2019].
From First Experiment
From Second Experiment
From Third Experiment
My first coffee composite successes and failures
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Coffee Composite Experiments
Fourth Experiment
Fifth Experiment Steps
Fifth Experiment
Sixth Experiment
Sixth Experiment Steps
It was hard to get the results that I was looking for due to lack of proper equipments and lab facilities. These were conducted in my studio flat kitchen. Some of the steps are missing above due to how fast the materials were set after giving it some heat. I managed to get a few photographs of the experiments to show the process. Also, working with resin was a bit dangerous as I had not experienced working with resin before. I ruined some of the utensils and pots I had. So I was cautious of the time it settled before it stuck to my utensils. Hence I tried my level best to show the process of my experiments in a presentable way. 21
From Fourth Experiment
From Fifth Experiment
From Sixth Experiment
More coffee composites
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Reflection on Venice
One of the real dangers to Venice alongside with flooding and waste, is the destruction of bricks by saltwater. Over the long haul, bricks that are attacked by saltwater capitulate to rot and need to be replaced. Sketches of Venetian facades that have been eroded by salt water causing efflorescence on the stoned wall. Similarly, the formations of molds on my experiments made me reflect on the decay venetian building face with efflorescence.
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Formation of molds on the composite after leaving it for a few weeks. This occured due to not able to burn it in a furnace.
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Research on Coffee Clay Bricks
a. Just containing clay
b. consisting of 1 wt% of coffee waste
a.consisting of 5 wt% of coffee waste
Eliche-Quesada (2015). Incorporation of coffee grounds into clay brick production’[Online paper] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233541381_Incorporation_of_coffee_grounds_into_clay_brick_production [Accessed 19 Jan. 2020].
Above data is collected from a research paper called ‘Incorporation of coffee grounds into clay brick production’ The paper shows morphological study of samples containing clay,as well as the samples containing various amounts of coffee grounds. According to the paper, a higher proportion of coffee grounds would result in an increase in closed porosity and micropores. Overall, the properties resulted in an increase in its physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Consequently, a lightening pore forming residue like coffee grounds may provide economic benefits for the building industry and ecological benefits due to the lack of problems regarding residue depletion.
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Their study and experiments resulted in having no defects like cracks or the presence of efflorescence since no sulphur was found in its composition. As a result, such proposal has been presented to offer and alternative use of undervalued organic residue as well as to produce a higher porosity ceramic material. Hence a structure with this choice of combination of technology will respond to the e nvironmental concerns in Venice.
Experiments by me showing tile like form that consists pine resin, coffee grounds and other additives for aesthetic purpose such as saw dust and crushed egg shells.
Envisaging Coffee Clay Brick in the context of Venice
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Thesis Overview
Cannaregio
Santa Croce San Polo San Marco
Dorsoduro
Castello
Giudecca
Districts
Moving forward from Semester one’s theme around waste, my thesis pursues into one particular waste stream which is the production of used coffee grounds. Thus, the thesis will tackle this with the culture and history Venice already has with the consumption of coffee. Moreover, the concept of circular economy will mitigate the amount of waste that is taken to landfill by reusing and remanufacturing the undervalued material in Venice, so that it has a greater value in the economy. Upon reading John Ruskin’s book ‘The Stones of Venice’, critiquing the 19th century society, particularly the monotony of factory production and the deskilling of the individual worker that destroyed natural creativity.
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Who? As a result the thesis will re-establish the skills of craftsmanship threatened by mass production and industrialisation in Venice by bringing diversity through making. Putting Ruskin’s ideas into practice, the protagonists will be from all around the neighbouring districts across the island to allow sustainable learning such as pottery making, making their own coffee clay bricks and producing coffee ground art.
Recycle and Reuse Institutes
Sustainable Institutes
Arts and Craft Institutes
Mapping
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Thesis Manifesto
Collect
Make Learn
Eat, Drink & Grow What? The proposed building will be the key driver for performing the circular economy of used coffee grounds. It will be collected from some of the coffee shops and bars in parts of the district, sorted and mixed with sustainable ingredients to make products from household items to building materials. Responding at the scale of the project site, the proposal prioritises specific common facilities with open spaces adapted to various crafting patterns and new technologies. Through a given basic schedule of accommodation and based upon the chosen protagonist, I refined my own brief and narration to my thesis. 29
Hence, this will constitute as a starting point of the architectural tectonic proposal, in which I will alternate different scales of enquiry, from the level of the city to the detailing of the protagonists’ main space.
Sell & Exhibit
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Mapping Protagonist
Middle-aged people can come help in the construction phasing of the building.
The yougest of all population can come along and learn how to grow vegetables and take part in stomping at the mud pit for coffee clay brick making.
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Opportunity for farmers to volunteer at the in-house gardening for the community.
Older age group can come enjoy a cup of coffee at the in-house cafe
Residents participation in afternoon classes in coffee pottery making workshop
Young volunteers delivering Used coffee grounds from coffee shops.
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Proposed Site
Sketch 1 - Residential block infront, run-down storing gardening equipment for Giardini della Bienalle on the left
Sketch 3 - showing building height in relation to eachother
Sketch 2 - Residential block infront with cafe and shops on the ground floor, Secondary school for Naval Shipbuilding on the left with the boarding school facing the site and security guard building opposite to it.
Sketch 4 - Residential blocks on the right and Church of San Giuseppe di Castello infront.
Where? There had been, since at least the 8th century, small settlements of the islands of San Pietro di Castello. The land in the district was dominated by the Arsenale of the Republic of Venice, the largest naval complex in Europe which is now the Bienniale Gardens. Castello covers a large vibrant area, with one section bordering St. Mark’s Square dotted with luxury hotels. Farther from St. Mark’s, the neighbourhood gets more laid back, with casual bars where locals stop in for a cup of coffee or a glass of wine. Shops and eateries catering to all budgets line buzzing Via Garibaldi. In alternating years, the Giardini della Biennale park hosts the Biennale exhibition of contemporary art. 35
The site is located between a church called ‘Church of San Giuseppe di Castello’, Giorgio Cini Secondary School providing course for ‘Industry and Crafts for Making Naval Shipbuilding’ with a boarding school adjacent to it and Giardini della Biennale park. The site is surrounded by residential buildings and canal next to it and few café/bars, ceramic and wood workshop nearby. The site area is approx 2890m2. The existing ground floor of the residential will be repuposed while the rundown storage space for the park, and police station will be demolished to facilitate new spaces for the proposed building.
Site Photographs
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s2
3 4 2
s2
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s1
Buildings on Site Neighbouring Buildings Other Buildings in Castello District Sketches taken looking this direction
Existing Site Plan - 1:2500
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Site Analysis
Surrounding Buildings
Site
Site
Building Height
Building Height
Path Width
Path Width
Residential Building Use
Residential Building Use
Commercial
Sound
Commercial
Sound
Section 1
Why? The first modern industry in the world was the “Arsenale di Venizia”. This name, was derived from the Arabs “Dar al-sina a” (house of crafts) which was a complex of shipyards and armouries of the Serenissima. Similarly, bringing the culture of ‘making’ through coffee waste will bring forward the social importance through various networks of craftsmanship in Venice. Hence, the Venetians will be aware of how significant it makes to tackle one waste stream at a place of making, growing and drinking. The site in particular opens opportunity for domestic rhythms in the area and a strong sense of worlding is experienced in the Castello district. 37
Surrounding Buildings
The project is looking more at the local contribution, owing back to the people living in Venice. The site is user friendly that would allow people of all backgrounds to come into the building as the site is surrounded by a school, church, residential blocks and a park and most importantly next to where Bienalle takes places every alternative year.
Section 2
Buildings on Site Neighbouring Buildings Other Buildings in Castello District Existing Site Plan - 1:2500
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Building Programme Parti Diagrams
Visual Contact among Openings
Carved Spaces
Invisible Boundaries to Water
Gradient of Privacy
Narrow Passageway
The Public Eye
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Breaking the Form
Front & Back Entrances
In & Out
Hierarchy
Direct Connection
Vertical Circulation
Grand Gestures
Pocket of Spaces
Enclosure & Openess
Analysis to City Scale
1. A Small-scale Brick Factory, where materials are made from natural ingredients, technicians from various background come along to support the development of local biomaterial supply chain to nourish local ecologies and economies. This is a fundamental space for experimentation that needs to be spacious in its different stations of processing the material from moulding, drying and firing the product. It will be one of the main spaces in the building and fairly away from the more social spaces. This space will be occupied for approx. 30 people who can come and volunteer with 20 professionals in charge of the production of coffee clay bricks.
Extended Walkways
Analysis to Building Scale
2. Pottery Making and Tile Making Workshop for community learning to experiment methods for combining used coffee ground pottery making to replicate ceramic pottery for all ages and coffee tile making that they would personalize the building facade with. This space will be occupied for approx. 20 people and will be designed so that space can overlook at each others space. 3. Protected Roof garden for growing vegetables inside the building to which used coffee ground will be used as fertilizer. The space will hold around 20-30 people to help around with farming with a few professionals to look after the garden during certain time of the day.
4. In-house kitchen, where coffee will be roasted bringing better varieties, more blends, more origins and also cooking meals where freshly grown vegetables will be taken from the inhouse garden for sandwiches. A space for 5-10 people. 5. CafĂŠ will serve hot drinks and cold drinks but also food allowing families that have children to come too. This space will be authentic bringing the historical and cultural aspect of Venice. The space will be connected from the private and public side of the site and will be the main hub for people to socialize in the building. A space for 50-80 people.
6. Exhibition space for showcasing the experimentations from the labs and workshops that can host around 20-30 people. It is a flexible space, so events like competitions can take place for local roasters and coffee lovers to take place here. 7. Storage space for materials 8. 9. 10. 11.
Reception space and a lobby area. Ladies/Gents WC Ancillary spaces Circulation space
Existing Residential Block
Exhibition Space Coffee Clay Brick
Cafe Reception
Zoning - 1:500
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Massing
Finding Form
Phase 1
Phase 2
Option 1
Option 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Option 3
Option 4
The massing study above were my initial ideas of phasing for my design. As the thesis looked into community participation, the idea was that the building will be built in phases. First with the regenerating the ground floor of the residential building for production space. Secondly building the kiln space. Thirdly, build the cafe with top floors being community workshops. Lastly, the exhibition and roof garden.
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Existing Site Model - 1:1000
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Phasing Analysis
1 1
2
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3
3
4
Phasing
1. Produce 2. Execute 3. Consume
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Regenerating existing ground floor of the residential building with :-
Kiln Space Dry Area Moulding Area Changing area Storage Area Sorting of Material Area Viewing Deck Private Lab
Cafe Kitchen Pottery and Tile Wokrshop
Main Reception Area Exhibition Space Green House Outdoor Roof Garden
Reception Mud Pit
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Cr for ‘
Giardini Pubblici
Ground Floor Plan - 1:500
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Spatial Distribution Section Fit to Page
Ground Floor - Main Reception to enter the Kiln for the Public First Floor - Private Laboratory 47
Ground Floor - Kiln Space Mezzanine Level - Viewing Deck
Ground Floor - Mud Pit Area All Above Floors - Existing Residential Block 48
Spatial Distribution Section Fit to Page
Phase 2 Ground Floor - Kiln Space Mezzanine Level - Viewing Deck 49
Phase 2 Drying Space for the Coffee Clay Brick
Phase 4 Ground Floor - Exhibition Space First Floor - Green House
Phase 3 Ground Floor - Kitchen & Cafe First Floor - Indoor and Outdoor Seating Area Second Floor - Pottery & Tile Workshop with Mezzanine Floor
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Ground Floor Plan 1:500
Ground Floor Phase 1 and Phase 2 1. Public Entrance to Kiln Area 2. Kiln Area 3. Drying Area 4. Moulding Area 5. Mud Pit 6. Public Entrance to Mud Pit 7. Changing Area 8. Material Storage 9. Processing Material Area 10. Offices 11. Storage 12. WC 51
Phase 3 13. Cafe/Restaurant 14. Kitchen 15. Private Rest Room 16. Courtyard 17. WC Phase 4 18. Main Reception 19. Passageway to Greenhouse 20. Passageway to the Gallery 21. Gallery
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12 20
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10 2 17
18 15
Ground Floor Plan - 1:200 1
Built with Traditional Red Bricks Built with Coffee Clay Bricks
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View from public viewing deck in the coffee clay brick factory (See 2 on Ground Floor Plan)
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Observational Study of some details inspired by Carlo Scarpa that I have included in my design where land meets water.
Gallery Passageway (See 20 on Ground Floor Plan)
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First Floor Plan 1:500
First Floor Phase 2 1. Viewing Deck
Phase 3 2. Indoor Seating Area 3. Outdoor Seating Area 4. WC Phase 4 5. Greenhouse 6. Roof Garden 7. Changing Room
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3
1
2
4 6 7
First Floor Plan - 1:200
Built with Traditional Red Bricks Built with Coffee Clay Bricks
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Roof Garden (See 6 on First Floor Plan)
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Above are some of the vegetables and plants that will be grown in the greenhouse. Used coffee grounds as fertilizer are good for vegetables and other plants as long as you put 35% ground to soil ratio because the grounds are known to be acidic.
Greenhouse (See 5 on First Floor Plan)
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Second Floor Plan 1:500
Second Floor Phase 2 1. Private Laboratory 2. Private Viewing Deck
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Phase 3 3. Pottery and Tile Workshop 4. Waiting Area 5. WC
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4
5
Second Floor Plan - 1:200 1
Built with Traditional Red Bricks Built with Coffee Clay Bricks
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Pottery and Tile Workshop (See 3 on Second Floor Plan)
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My experiments tested out on building facade, people who make their own tile can choose to make it for the facade or take their tiles home. Inspired by mosaics inside buildings as Scapra portrays it. All the tiles that will be made will be different from one another due to its type of coffee composition of the tile made by individuals at the workshop.
Pottery and Tile Workshop (See 3 on Second Floor Plan)
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Third Floor Plan 1:500
Second Floor Phase 3 1. Private Space for Artisans
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1
Third Floor Plan - 1:200
Built with Traditional Red Bricks Built with Coffee Clay Bricks
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Project Time Frame From Stage 2 - 4
Stage 1 Site Mobilization (2 weeks)
Stage 2 Brick Quantity Required for Phase 3-4
Stage 3 Material Quantity
3500 sqm construction carpet area 3500 x 1.5 = 5250 sqm / 10 = 525 525 x 1000 = 525,000 brick req Volume of Brick - 0.23 x 0.115 x 0.75 = 0.00198 cubic metre 0.00198 x 1000 = 19.8 cubic metre of Solid volume Sustainable Brick Factory
To get Dry volume - 19.8 x 1.5 = 30 cubic metre of Dry volume
Clay 80% Equipment Required Skilled & Non-skilled Labours Required
The thesis will develop in phases:Phase 1 - Regenerating Existing Residential Block Phase 2 - Building the Coffee Clay Brick Factory Phase 3 - Community Cafe and Workshop Phase 4 - Exhibition and Roof Garden The phases have been thought as make, learn and exhibit manner, where phase 1 and 2 will be built with traditional red bricks and once the above stages are complete is when the phase 3 and 4 would begin.
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24 m3 x 1600kg/m3 = 38,400 kgs Required
Clay and Sand from Mainland
1 Brick = 30 cubic metre
Used Coffee Grounds 5% 1.5 m3 x 365.18kg/m3 = 547,77 kgs Required
Sand 4.5% 4.5 m3 x 12008kg/m3 = 5400 kgs Required
Production of approximately 525,000 coffee clay bricks required for Phase 3 - 4
Used Coffee Grounds from Cafes in the Island
Material Preparation Forming Drying 2/3 days Firing 24 hours Hacking
Heating
Burning
Cooling
De-hacking
Per day production 10,000 bricks Construction period 6 months
Diagram of clay brick manufacturing scheme
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Phase 1
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second Floor
Third Floor
Mud Pit Area
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Phase 1 Regenerating the Ground Floor of Existing Residential Block for Proposed Buildings’ facilities and rearranging the entrance to the residential block
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Phase 2
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second Floor
Third Floor
Public Viewing Deck
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Phase 2 Building the Coffee Clay Brick Factory
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Private Viewing Deck
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Coffee Clay Brick Factory
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Phase 3
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second Floor
Third Floor
Pottery Workshop
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Phase 3 Building the Cafe, Pottery and Tile Workshop
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Cafe
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External View looking at the Front Side of the Cafe
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Phase 4
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second Floor
Third Floor
Passageway to Gallery
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Phase 4 Building the Gallery/ Exhibition space + Greenhouse/ Roof Garden 78
Passageway to the Garden
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Gallery
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Roof Floor Plan 1:500
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Street View From Fondamenta San Giuseppe
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Experiential Section (fit to page)
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Experiential Section (fit to page)
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Street View From Rio Terra San Giuseppe
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Ground Floor Plan - 1:500
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Structural Strategy of Phase 3 Cross-Sectionanl Drawing 1:100
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Environmental Strategy
Underground Water Tank and Water Treatment plant is placed below pavement level where it collects water from the river, then this water is treated and the water is passed through a water pump to the overhead under roof water tank. The water is then supplied to all the sources in the building with the help of a pressure pump.
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Roof Light to get some eastern sunlight in the drying area for the coffee clay bricks.
Bio Digester utilizes organic waste and water waste to produce biogas and fertilizer. The biogas is collected by a fuel cell, resulting into supplying electricity on site. So a proposal of this system will allow a certain percentage of electricity supplied through the function of a bio digester.
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Precedents
Material Intentions
Cuckoo House by Tropical Space Material Choice: Brick building Built from local clay bricks. The openness of the plans allow, natural ventilations and free flow of movement between spaces. Ceramic Studio by The Galante Architecture Studio, Inc. Material Choice: Cor Ten steel, Terra Cotta Panels Chosen to reflect the phase change of material similar to when ceramic is transformed. Red House by TAA Design Material Choice: Building covered with Red-Pigmented Plaster The building creates a closed cycle of growth, harvest and consumption. The incorporation of plants and vegetation is a key element to the architecture of Vietnam. The inclusion of courtyards divide internal functions and provide a connection with nature.
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Landscape Features by Carlo Scarpa Scarpa makes a manifest use of Concrete to highlight its physicality in a purely brutalist manner. His landscape, garden, and interior concepte really brings out the strength of the material. Hanoi House by G&H Architects Material Choice: Brick Building. The combination of ‘close’ and ‘open’ creates diverse elations with the surroundings and thus helps blur the boundaries between in and out, houses and streets, human and nature
Querini Stampalia, Venice by Carlo Scarpa Where concrete, wood, bricks, brass, glass and water beautifully has a dialogue with one another.
IIMA Ahmedabad by Louis Kahn Material Choice: Red Brick Building The most distinctive features of the plan are the numerous arches and square brick structures with circles carved out in the façade. The porous, geometric façade acts as filters for sunlight and ventilation, the porosity allowed for the creation of new spaces of gathering.
Bibliography
My photographys from our visit to Venice
Andreola, F., Lancellotti, I., Manfredini, T. and Barbieri, L. (2019). The circular economy of agro and post� consumer residues as raw materials for sustainable ceramics. Italy: International Journal of applied ceramic technology.
Eliche-Quesada, Dolores & PĂŠrez-Villarejo, Luis & Iglesias-Godino, Fco & Martnez-Garca, C & Corpas-Iglesias, Fco. (2011). Incorporation of coffee grounds into clay brick production. Advances in Applied Ceramics. 110. 225-232. 10.1179/1743676111Y.0000000006.
Casagrande, M. (2016). Heritage, Tourism, and Demography in the Island City of Venice: Depopulation and Heritagisation. Urban Island Studies, 2, 121-141.
Heveran, C., Williams, S., Qiu, J., Cook, S., Cameron, J. and Srubar, W. (2020). Biomineralization and Successive Regeneration of Engineered Living Building Materials. [ebook] Elsevier Inc. Available at: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2019.11.016 [Accessed 25 Jan. 2020].
DeMartino, A., Kent, J. and Mallette, D. (2008). Venice: An Aging City. [ebook] the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Available at: http://wikivenice. org/index.php/Getting_Old_in_Venice [Accessed 24 Jan. 2020].
Ruskin, J. (2007). The stones of Venice. New York: Cosimo Classics.
References: *1,2 Odgers, Armstrong. Sept 2019. Okios Studio Brief . [Online] Available from: https://blackboard. ncl.ac.uk/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent. jsp?course_id=_90439_1&content_id=_4229388_1 [Accessed: September, 2019]
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