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WILLIAM J. BELL 170329482 GHOST IN THE MACHINE

THE OL-FACTORY FOOD MARKET

ORCHESTRATING SMELL

REFLECTIVE REPORT

This project assesses the value that is placed on food in a fast-paced and ever-evolving modern society. The architecture itself aims to engage all senses and create a spectacle surrounding both the production and consumption of locally sourced produce. This is then orchestrated in a way as to encourage ancient values of communal eating across Coventry’s divided cultural demographic. Through guided reading and wider research, I have developed an understanding of systems in architecture, an attitude I applied towards my initial site analysis. This gave me the leverage to unpick pressing issues specific to my chosen site. An understanding of both the tangible and intangible factors was key to realising architecture’s true impact beyond its built form. Architecture’s social, economic, and political agenda are most notable, at this point, in my exploration into homelessness and immigration. As a studio we collaborated our efforts to form a composite of the systems mapping which allowed us clearly identify nodes of interest (the points in which multiple systems would interact). I was personally drawn to the Coventry Marketplace and its apparent decline. When overlaying factors of ‘Food’ with ‘Immigration’ in a mapping exercise some possible reasons for the market’s recent decline became clear, as large corporations such as Tesco, Iceland and Subway were in direct competition, offering a cheaper and more convenient source of food. This exercise also drew my attention to a clear divide in Coventry’s demographic such as a single street seemingly dedicated to Indian Cuisine. Staging gave me time to understand the specifics of my interest as I began to formulate a brief. Looking further into Coventry’s demographic I was able to identify the major ethnic groups within the population. With one of the UK’s largest number of immigrants it was of significant interest that Coventry was so culturally divided. Understanding my own aims as a designer allowed me to focus on creating an architectural project focussed around community and the celebrations of the diverse cultures that now form such a large part of Coventry’s population. A spatialised moment of interface composite drawing then allowed me to consider the spatial configuration of my proposal. I would use this drawing to explore the interactions and adjacencies between room functions to place my concepts of design into an architectural setting. This was a very successful exercise as it allowed me to configure abstract spaces that would engage with the user at a variety of scales and would therefore adhere to the studio specific requirement of a user-centric design. Around this time, I attended a lecture by urban theorist Carolyn Steel, author of ‘Hungry City: How Food Shapes Our Lives’ (Steel, 2008). She clearly identified the changing way in which a modern westernised society consume food. As we re-

move ourselves from the ritual of communal eating in large groups of family and friends we choose to turn to innovative convenience-based nutrition without questioning its origin. It was then I chose to formulate a proposal that would reinstate the ritual of communal eating and create educational opportunities to learn where our food comes from. A sense of community would surround the act of sharing world food from across the globe in educational facilities and a more informal street food setting. And so, although not directly involving the refugee and migrant institutions of Coventry, as I had originally planned, my proposal would inspire a welcoming community of which such vulnerable people would come to share and learn. Furthermore, as my site is based in the city centre’s shopping district in would become a place for city centre workers to enjoy a lunch hour and be drawn away from indulging in unethically sourced convenience food. CJ Lim, the Author of ‘Food city’ (Lim, 2014) talks more about the theatrics of food and how this places the value on what we eat. Leaning into this concept as inspiration for and architectural typology I became interested with high-tech architecture such as Renzo Piano and Richard Roger’s Pompidou Centre as I had previously studied this field as part of my dissertation ‘The Architectural and Social Impacts of Technological-Utopias’. The Pompidou centre displays its inner workings to free up space within the interior, but in doing so, playfully showcases the parts of a building that would most likely we hidden. I would then utilise this idea of structural expressionism within my own proposal to showcase the inner working of food production, creating theatrical expression of drainpipes and ventilation to once again place value on the food it would help to produce. As part of our studio field trip we would attend Coventry, Turin, and Milan. Turin was of interest to me as it allowed me to explore the architecture of city that had experienced industrial decline like Coventry. The buildings from this period were often building around the ethos of exposing the inner systems. Furthermore, I could see first-hand the architectural intervention that Renzo Piano had had on the Fiat Lingotto Factory, as I too had chosen to work with an existing building. The theory into practice essay would then serve to feed directly back into my proposal. Through applying my knowledge of mapping I would go on to research Kate McLean’s sensory mapping of smells throughout the city (Mclean, 2020). This would inspire me to add another layer of theatre within my proposal but with a shifting focus to other engaging senses. Closely linked to the experience of eating food I would then experiment with the use of smell when generating and architectural scheme. The addition of smell pipes would create an interesting moment of interface between the people cooking and the consumers of food. Further research lead to a fascination in this under-utilised sense and its power to generate spaces and flow throughout a building which would then contribute to the manifestation of my final proposal. It is my hope that this project evokes questions surrounding the value that we place of food within our own lives and perhaps challenge an ocular-centric bias we have when evaluating the quality of a space. New Work Ammended Work

01 07 33

35 49

CHARRETTE

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

PRIMER

STAGING

TENTS

SYNTHESIS

CON-

CHARETTE

WHAT IS CHARRETTE WEEK? Charrette week starts the academic year bringing a host of artists, architects, engineers, designers and thinkers to the University to run a series of week - long projects. Students from a variety of taught design and art courses at undergraduate and master levels join together to devise a combination of creative outputs related to this year’s theme ‘Highstreet’. It is intended to be an intensive and enjoyable week where students can experiment in a creative open environment. At the end of the week all project groups, exhibit their outputs in a celebration.

WHAT LIES BEHIND Led by Tom Randle & Sophie Baldwin, Tom & Sophie are both architects at Levitt Bernstein in London. shopfront installation, event the fashion industry is one of the world’s leading polluters. By 2030, apparel consumption is projected to rise by 63%. Fast fashion is the antithesis of sustainable practice. What Lies Behind encourages a slowing down of the manufacturing process with an awareness of every component, material and detail involved in an items production. For this charrette, we ask you to study the retail streets of Newcastle, searching for materials to re-appropriate and combine to create new garments. There is an emphasis to be made on the narrative of each found element, using digital, analytical and sensory mapping techniques to record the process from inception to product. The smart phone currently plays an inherent role in the ease of online consumption and allows for instant results from a single click. Within this charrette however the phone can play a crucial role in disrupting the speed associated with consumption. Using the phone as a recording device, with both photography and film to capture the evolving and complex nature of manufacture which is often hidden behind the face of a singular object. #NCLCHARETTE

CHARETTE

PRIMER

Anual Visitors flow in Commercial Area

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Anual Users flow in Religious Area

Nov.

May

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

17℃

Feb.

Mar.

April

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

14℃

Nov.

5℃

Dec.

Annual Temperature Averages

Oct.

7℃

Humidity: 88% Dew Point: 3 °C Wind: 9 mph Pressure: 1015 mbar Visibility: 9 km

Sept.

11℃

Humidity: 87% Dew Point: 5 °C Wind: 9 mph Pressure: 1013 mbar Visibility: 9 km

Wind: 9 mph

Humidity: 83% Dew Point: 8 °C Wind: 9 mph Pressure: 1013 mbar Visibility: 10 km

Aug.

Humidity: 78% Dew Point: 10 °C Pressure: 1016 mbar Visibility: 10 km

July

Jan.

17℃

Pressure: 1015 mbar

June

Dec.

Wind: 9 mph

Pressure: 1015 mbar

Key

Nov.

Humidity: 74% Dew Point: 12 °C Visibility: 10 km

15℃

June

Wind: 9 mph

May

April

Humidity: 72% Dew Point: 12 °C Visibility: 11 km

April

Mar.

Wind: 9 mph

Mar.

Wind: 10 mph

Feb.

7℃

12℃

Feb.

Humidity: 73% Dew Point: 10 °C Pressure: 1016 mbar Visibility: 10 km

Jan.

5℃

Humidity: 75% Dew Point: 5 °C Wind: 10 mph Pressure: 1014 mbar Visibility: 10 km

Humidity: 83% Dew Point: 2 °C Wind: 11 mph Pressure: 1016 mbar Visibility: 9 km

Humidity: 86% Dew Point: 2 °C Wind: 10 mph Pressure: 1015 mbar Visibility: 9 km

5℃

Humidity: 79% Dew Point: 3 °C Wind: 11 mph Pressure: 1016 mbar Visibility: 10 km

Lowest Precipitation: 16.5 mm (Annual Averages )

9℃

Humidity: 74% Dew Point: 7°C Pressure: 1016 mbar Visibility: 10 km

Highest Precipitation: 27.1 mm (Annual Averages )

Jan.

Dec.

Anual Users flow in University Area

CLASS

TRANSPORT

The diagram is analysed based the wealth level of different occupation.

WEATHER

CLASS 25

100

TRANSPORT_V2

125

Bike Racks

Ring Road

Bus Station

Road

Car Park

Bike Routes

EDUCATION

Bus Stops

Primary Shopping Area

HEALTHCARE

ENGINEERING LOGISTICS

FInancial

CUlture

creative

I.T

Religious Area

~49m ~30m ~25m

retail

MAPPING As a studio we were tasked with identifying the ‘systems’ found within Coventry city centre. Considering how these tangible and intangible arrangements might come to manifest themselves drew our attention to the hidden connections which are formed at the interaction of these systems. These systems would ultimately inform our own architectural intervention of the site.

~20m ~15m ~0 m

SERVICES

MANUFActuring TOURISM Key

EMPLOYMENT

SURVEILLANCE

MANUFACTURE

COMMUNITY

CRIME

PHYSICAL HEALTH

Education Area

PLANNING Planning system 0

100

125

PHYSICAL HEALTH

POWER N

DIAGRAM KNOWLEDGE TITLE IN COVENTRY

This map shows educational building in the location. Educational buildings provide knowledge to Description the people.

RELIGION

ENTRY UNIVERSITY S COV TU

100

125

Key University educational buildings

Public educational buildings

POLITICS

0 169 :3

|B AN

ON TI LA

US .B

ING

S TU

DY MATERIAL OR RE

L AREA. MOS MERCIA T OF COM TH EE CO N

ECO NO M YA CT I

SA ES IN

DAYTIME

DAY ( TIC KET

UY .B

S PER

T ISI

O P

V 00

MAR KET S

DE NT P

MALL /

KNOWLEDGE

AVE AR AG E

S IE IT

WASTE

SO UR CE S

OM Y

HIS NT RI CU OC ES TI VI TI

AREA.

DAYTIME ECONOMY

The map presents the economy activities during the daytime.

HOUSING

DAYTIME ECONOMY

100

NATURE

125

COMMUNICATION

mid 20th century coventry map

Coventry sports and leisure centure / old public baths

OLD TRIUMPH WORKS Coventry university student unioN / HUB - Social - inclusion - entertainment

DIAGRAM FLOOD RISK TITLE IN COVENTRY

Key

Description This Map Shows the risk of flooding in the location

TRANSPORT

PRIMER

FLOOD RISK 25

100

125

Low Level Flood Risk

Medium Level Flood Risk

High Level Flood Risk

POLLUTION

SOCIAL INTERACTION

- Data published by ONS 2017

Education Consumerism

Money

2017

Politics

36 registered deaths in the centre of coventry

Government

19/100 recorded suicides in 2013/14 took place in a - Warwickshire Suicide Prevention Strategy 2016-20

Drug abuse

Relationships

69/100 recorded suicides in 2013/14 took place at - Warwickshire Suicide Prevention Strategy 2016-20

SIGNAGE

HEALTH MENTAL Aa

KEY

PRIMER

Markers highlight the institutions of clinical psychologists and drop-in centres, specialised in the diagnosis and management of mental health conditions. Most of these centres are placed in and around residential areas.

Green spaces are a well-known remedy of some common mental health issues. Without undermining the severity and intangible nature of this issue, having access to green spaces can aid the reduction of health inequality, improve well-being, and contribute towards the treatment of mental illness.

The words illustrate some parts of the city that have the potential to contribute to mental instability and the institutions in which they encompass.

KEY

Modern totem wayfinding signage. These information spots are purposefully situated in popular locations and places of greater footfall. The placement of these signs guide visitors towards two specific points- the commercial shopping quarter and the cathedral ruins.

New freestanding digital signage suits the fast-pace, ever changing nature of consumerism in a urbanised area.

Arrows are used to highlight zones and specific areas that are relevant to the use of â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;signageâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. These areas are closely linked to road network systems and retail/ entertainment venues.

Carl Woese’s three domain tree

Eury.

Archea

Cren.

Eukarya J. G. BALLARD

PROTAGONIST DRAWING

Ballard (1930- 2009), was an English novelist and short story writer who became affiliated with the New Wave of science fiction as a result of his post-apocalyptic novels such as ‘The Drowned World’ (1962). Towards the end of the 1960s Ballard produced a variety of experimental short stories, such as pieces collected in the controversial ‘The Atrocity Exhibition’ (1970). In the mid-70s, Ballard published several novels, including ‘Concrete Island’ (1974) a story of a stranded architect’s struggle to survive upon a derelict land of intersecting motorways, and High-Rise (1975), a depiction of luxury apartment building that lawlessly descends into chaos.

A distinctive trope within Ballard’s writing is the effect that architecture has on the protagonist. This written exploration goes beyond a psychogeography as Ballard is said to ‘dissect architectural influence on his characters with technical precision, both intricate and dynamic’. The use of architecture is meant in the wider sense of the constructed environment. Where ‘High-Rise’ discusses quite explicitly the way that architectural resolution impacts directly on social behaviour, ‘Kingdom Come’, for example, is more concerned with the effects of constructed social and phycological environments.

PRIMER

Bacteria

This approach of dissecting layers of information that effect the protagonist is similar to our approach to mapping. Realising the tangible and intangible factors that seamlessly intersect to form moments of interest is key to our understanding of systemic design. The diagram to the left explores a ‘system’ in which I identified within Ballard’s writing; taken from ‘The Drowned World’. The system I explored was a biological system. As well as being typically science fiction, Ballard uses his understanding of the boundlessness of the biological system to belittle the protagonist’s existence to a single part of the extraordinary timeline of evolution.

“The brief span of an individual life is misleading. Each one of us is as old as the entire biological kingdom, and our bloodstreams are tributaries of the great sea of its total memory”

THE KET

MARMODEL The studio would collaborate to create a 3 dimensional interactive model that would explore the systems identified within our initial mapping exercise. This form of mapping challenged me to conceptualise physical interactions of two largely intangible factors on a city scale: ‘food’ and ‘immigration’. I was also tasked with considering how these systems would interact with others developed by my studio peers. My model is a physical representation of the looming terror that large cop-orate food companies hold over the declining Coventry Marketplace. The large dial shows the close distances from the centre of the marketplace to other food store competitors which can be spun on a motor as a representation of their impending doom and the fasted paced nature of our current modern society. The large drum shows represents the striking shape of the Grade 2 listed market place that is disintegrating due to lack of repair and funding.

Process image of charring the wood to depict the physical deterioration of Coventry marketplace.

PRIMER

Interestingly, the marketplace is adjacent to a long rod, intended to also move at the strings, reflecting the steady movement of Coventry migrant population into such a space where they are able to source specific food required for their native cuisine.

Image of final model in motion.

389, 08

DC Mini Electric Motor 1.5-3V 24000RPM attached to steel rod rotates the radial spinner to represent the fast-paced and ever-changing nature of modern society.

2 06 , 5

0.3 mile to Marks and Spencer

3 101, 85

85, 84

11,49

0.14 mile to Chinese Supermarket

94,

11,49

65,06

,06

92,08

,73

0.12 mile to Tesco Express

389 , 9 2

197ft to Iceland

The distance to large convenience stores, from Coventry marketplace, form a radial spinner that hovers over the existing structure. The hierarchy resembles the economic power that these commercial chains possess over the local market.

206,5

The build-up material represents the physical and economic decay of the marketplace; with inspiration taken from images taken of the marketplace under construction in 1958.

PRIMER

Immigration is a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;systemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; identified within Coventry. This part of the model characterises the interaction of Coventryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s migrant communities, entering Coventry to make use of this form of commercial dealings to facilitate the production of world cuisine.

PROCESS WORK

PRIMER

THE FOOD BANK HOW TO USE

Process image of charring the wood to depict the physical deterioration of Coventry marketplace.

THERE’S NO SUCH THING AS A FREE MEAL Having read chapter 15 of J. G. Ballard’s novel ‘Concrete Island’ I identified the systems within the text and considered their impact on one chosen protagonist. Within the chapter a ‘tramp’ is asked for help by a stranded man, who in exchange offers him three bottles of wine. The idea that in order to exchange one must give one thing and receive another deemed to be of the same value. Through exploring systems within Coventry, I decided to link the thought of exchange to the consumption of food, particularly from the perspective of my chosen protagonist: the ‘tramp.’ My model explores the prominence of foodbanks in society and the impact they have on the deprived community, in an attempt to make people consider the necessity of food for those who are unable to exercise their right to a healthy meal.

THE MECHANISM Having read chapter 15 of J. G. Ballard’s novel ‘Concrete Island’ I identified the systems within the text and considered their impact on one chosen protagonist. Within the chapter a ‘tramp’ is asked for help by a stranded man, who in exchange offers him three bottles of wine. The idea that in order to exchange one must give one thing and receive another deemed to be of the same value. Through exploring systems within

PRIMER

1. Rotate the wheel on the left hand side in order to process the release of one tin. 2. Pull down the leaver to dispense the tin. 3. Take a second to read the information dispensed and consider if you are really the one in need of free food. Consider why in one of the wealthiest countries in the world, more and more people are living on the street and why many of those people are helplessly struggling within addiction and Physical and mental illness, having escaped lives of violence and abuse. Moreover, why more and more people simply cannot afford to live anywhere and how the situation is made worse by a critical shortage of affordable housing and cuts to social welfare benefits.

SUBJECT MATTER These were the newspaper articles that was wrapped around the tin can. The idea being that the food bank dispenses the hard truths that is surrounding homelessness.

PRIMER

110

FIELD

TRIP

STAGING

Coventry Refugee and Migrant Centre Coventry Refugee and Migrant Centre (CRMC) welcomes and empowers asylum seekers, refugees and other migrants in Coventry to rebuild their lives and achieve their potential.

within deprived suburbs of coventry. Henley green is the 94th most deprived area in England according to figures from the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Coventry areas such as Hillfields, Wood End, Bell Green, Willenhall, and Lower Eastern Green are all in the top five percent of the most deprived areas in England.

The Artisan Bar & Grill Steakhouse

Turmeric Gold Indian cuisine

My Dhabba Indian cuisine

Taste Vietnam Vietnamese cuisine

Millies Kitchen Italian cuisine

The Golden Cross British cuisine

Playwrights Bar & Bistro European cuisine

The Old Windmill British cuisine

Falafel Corner Middle Eastern Cuisine

Sadly the John White Centre will cease to operate as a foodbank centre from the 16th September 2019 and will no longer be suppiorting the people of Binley, Ernsford Grange and Willenhall

FOOD AND IMMIGRATION 7

The Ocean Indian cuisine

STAGING

KEY

New freestanding digital signage suits the fast-pace, ever changing nature of consumerism in a urbanised area.

I’M IN THE MARKET FOR CHANGE

Studio Manifesto Statements

Project Summary Dashboard

Scale Human Centric

Hardware/Software

Interactions

Flexibility

Location of Site and Population

Immigration

Demographic

Since 2005, the city has experienced some of the highest rates of population growth of any UK city outside of London. International migration has been the key

Ethnic groups of Coventry accoridng to the 2011 Census

26%

COVENTRY

of Coventry’s population in 2016 was made up of people born outside the UK, up from 16 percent in 2005.

The population of coventry in 2019

366,800

This is an increase of 1.8%, compared to the England average growth of 0.6%

The increse is partly a result of overseas students studying at local universities. However, a significant proportion of international migration to Coventry was by people aged 22-34. Between 2009 and 2015, the number of jobs in Coventry has increased by 14 per cent, compared with the national average increase of 9.7 per cent.

Community

Food

Asian/Asian British Response to Chnage

Black/African/Caribbean/Black British

Past/Present/Future

Other ethnic groups Multiple Users

Asian/Asian British Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi Chinese Other Asian Black/African/Caribbean African Caribbean Other Black

51,598 27,751 9,510 2,951 3,728 7,658 17,764 12,836 3,317 1,611

16.3 8.8 3.0 0.9 1.2 2.4

Climate Crisis

4.0 1.0 0.5

Lack of Nature

Initial Protagonist

THE WAY WE CONSUME FOOD

Coventry is currently working on an exciting programme of activity and events for 2021 including large-scale spectacle, music, dance, theatre and poetry as well as more intimate, celebratory cultural and heritage experiences. As food can be valued as an art form my project will allow for a seamless integration into the festival that could include food markets, cookery lessons, communal cooking experiences and the collaboration with the international community to showcase new cuisine.

- City centre workers who would otherwise eat ‘cheap’ convenience food on-the-go - People who currently utilise the facilities of the Coventry Refugee and MIgrant Centre - International Students

Experience Community

Identification of the Site

5.6

Potential links to the City of Culture

STAGING

This radar chart gives an indication to which statements I expect to priorities within my own design, which I will revisit in the later stages of this project. I felt that all of the statements should be addressed in some way and so have suggested an approximate gauge.

Mixed/multiple ethnic groups

Factors for Change

how viewing food from both new and old perspectives this could lead to the shaping of a ‘new city’.

Tangible/Intangible

White

Narrowed Stu

Mental Health

‘Living’ not Static

As part of the Primer section of our project, the studio identified 12 manifesto statements that acted as a declaration of our intentions, motives, and views re-garding the priorities of our designs. These statements promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes that the studio believed should be made.

The site has strong links with the old market place, which will allow me to work with and challenge the marketplace as a ‘particular kind of commercial organization that emphasises quantitative, rather than qualitative evaluations of worth’.

“Particular kind of commercial organization that em phasises quantitative, rather than qualitative evaluations of worth” - Louis Khan

Linking London with the southwest and west of England, the West Midlands, and most of Wales.

Great Western Railway

Steamships used a combination of wind and steam power to move

The First Steam Powered Ships

British inventor James Sharp began to commercially produce gas ovens

Gas Oven and Stove

Ferdinand von Richthofen made seven expeditions to China from Germany using the ancient route (1868-1872)

Silk Road Expeditions

German inventor Karl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars became widely available in the early 20th century

The Mondern Car

Piggly Wiggly was the first true self-service grocery store

The First Supermarket

William Frederick Gericke (University of California) began promoting that solution culture be used for agricultural crop production

Hydroponics

The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies

Oklahoma Dust bowl

The Junkers Ju 290 was a large long-range transport and featured rear loading ramp

Developments in Aircraft

Indoor market with fruit vendors, clothing, fresh meat and fish, accessories

Coventry Market

Samuel Duff filed a patent for "battery cages"

Battery Cages

widely used to transport cargo, the ship was designed to carry the containers stacked on the deck

‘Lab Meat’ is meat produced by in vitro cell culture of animal cells, instead of from slaughtered animals. It is a form of cellular agriculture

Cultured Meat

online food delivery company that focuses on developing a network of ghost kitchens

Deliveroo

Container Ships

Casimir Funk was a Polish biochemist, credited with being among the first to formulate the concept of vitamins

Vitamins

QUOTE”

Winston Churchill

electric oven that heats and cooks food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range

00 18

10 18

20 18

30 18

Galleria Vittorio

The Galleria Vittorio is one of the world's original and oldest shopping malls, Milan

Campbell's Soup

Campbell’s won a gold medal for their condensed soups at the Paris Exposition of 1900

Airline Meals

The first airline meals were served on a Handley-Page flight from London to Paris

Inventionn of the Television

The world's first electronic television was created by a 21 year old inventor named Philo Taylor Farnsworth

McDonalds

The infamous fast food chain is established

The first Drive-thru

Red’s Giant Hamburg on Route 66 in Springfield, Missouri

The First Successful Food Court

The Paramus Park shopping mall was deemed the first successful because of its varied options

Edible Coffee Cup

KFC experimented in the U.K. with a Coffee cupp made from a hard cookie lined with heat-resistant white chocolate

First Indian Resturant in the UK

The Hindoostane Coffee House was opened by Sake Dean Mahomed, a former captain in the British East India Company's Bombay Army, in London

Modern Street Food (Europe)

French fries, consisting of fried strips of potato, probably originated as a street food in Paris in the 1840s

Extravagant Dinner Parties

Instead of bombing Paris the Prussians blocked Paris from receiving supplies. On christmas day the parisians used meat from the zoo.

The First Fast Food Restaurant

10 Arguably, the first fast food restaurants originated in the United States with White Castle

STAGING Microwave

Price Club and the birth of the retail warehouse concept

Costco Wholesale

A brand of meal replacement products

Soylent

THROUGHOUT HISTORY

THE WAY IN WHICH WE CONSUME FOOD Fig 1, 2, 3

Coventry Market 1957

Padua Markets 1200

605 BC

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Hunting 8700 BCE

STAGING

ATAKILT WAT

LO HAN JAI

KHUMB MATAR MALAI

Ingredients:

2 tsp olive oil 2 cloves garlic minced 1 tsp minced ginger 1 green chili chopped (optional) 1/2 cup chopped onion 1/4 tsp cumin powder 1/2 turmeric powder 1/4 tsp fenugreek seeds or powder 1/4 tsp cardamom powder 1/4 tsp cinnamon powder 1/8 tsp cloves powder a generous dash of black pepper 3/4 cup sliced carrots 2 medium potatoes chopped, 1.5 loaded cups 1/2 head of cabbage finely chopped 1/2 tsp salt

Dry ingredients:

300gms white baby mushrooms cleaned 80gms cashew nuts (soaked in warm water for 20 minutes) 2 tbsp greek yoghurt 3 tbsp vegetable oil 1 birds eye green chilli slit lengthwise 100gms white onion roughly chopped 1â&#x20AC;? ginger roughly chopped 3 garlic cloves roughly chopped Â˝ tsp mild chilli powder 250mls whole milk Pinch of sugar Salt to taste 100gms frozen green peas 1 tbsp chopped coriander for garnish

20g dry Chinese mushroom 15g dry lily flowers 10g wood ear fungus 45g mung bean vermicelli Others: 60g bean curd sheet 350g cabbage 50g bamboo shoots 60g carrots 50g baby sweet corns 70g button mushrooms 2g fatt choy (black moss/hair moss) 30g sugar 120g white fermented bean curd

FOOD PROCESS Most of the food we buy from out supermarkets travels hundreds of miles from where has being produced. Traveslling and strotage consumes a lot energy, and emits carbon dioxide. 40% of all food thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s produced goes to waste, this results in waste of one quater of annual water consumption. We are what we eat. Lack of fresh and locally produced food will result in us eat unhealthy food that has travelled long distances and has chemicals to achieve this.

Soil-less Growing Methods

Fig 4, 5, 6

Re-locating Food Production

Skyscraper Farms Fig 7, 8, 9, 10, 11

STAGING

Urban Agriculture

Wall and Roof Farms

Urban Greenhouse

Plant Factories

THE FOOD QUATER This 3-Dimensional composite map begins to configure the interactions between the spaces I wish to have within my building. developing the proposal from a range of scales alligns with the studios ethos of desiging, hence the distorted view.

STAGING

THE SITE

COVENTRY vs KIEV Even with all of the similarities in architecture in Kiev and Covenry market, why is Keiv more successfull than Coventry? We, in the UK, we are used to buying goods from big cooperations, due to the fact that it is easier, quicker and maybe cheaper. Where as in Kiev, it is more socially accepted for people to attend markets and therefore support the local food production.

In the markets big open spaces that can look at the floors below could be found.

Dynamic entrances in both of the markets.

Fig 15

There is an easy access to the site, as it is located on the centre of the city. There are roads and paths that allows for both pedestrian and vehicle access. However, there are math small paths leading to Shelton Square.

This is the shadows of noon time on the June the 6th. As it can be seen the only building that’s shadowing the building is the ‘The Linten Tree’

Shelton Square view, located on the North West of the site.

Entrance of the Coventry Market taken from Shelton Square.

The Bull Yard view, taken from the pedestrian path.

In both of the markets Aztec Relief architecture is found. Fig 12, 13, 14

STAGING

REALISATION SYTHESIS

(Extract from Theory into practice assignment)

Freshly cut grass Herbs and spices Banana break baking Coffee brewing Fried onions A perfectly sliced tomato as you slice into it, especially on a warm, sunny day

The map above is taken from my theory into practice assignment and was a proposal I made orientated around the nicest things we can smell.

THINKING THROUGH MAKING The model to the left explores our sense of smell in relation to world foods. Taken from the table produced during staging the model can create the sent of world cuisines by selecting combinations of spice, proving that despite these entirely different meals a community can be formed around the sharing of these spices.

MASSING

Linking to the market and opening up side car park as public space.

Massing for hydropnic system

Sun path on plan to inform best place for hydroponic system

Cut through massing and immigration centre

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

Canopy that showcases urban growing

Removing ground floor and replacing columns

Green Walkway

Restaurant

Hydroponic Growing

Labs/ Archive

PROGRAMME & ZONING Hydroponic Growing (Tower) Aipary

Demonstration Theatre

Apiary/ Garden/ Look-Out

Disabled Access Mechanical Ventilation rqd. Heightened Fire Risk

Labs

Archive

Micro-Brewery/ Bar

Bakery/ Pastisserie Teching Space

CookeryLessons

Reception Juice Bar

Noise Sensitive Areas

Tea Room

Cookery School

Private

Coffee Shop

Hydroponic Growing Pavilion

Semi-Public Public

Patisserie Lessons

Green Walkways

Hydropnic Tower for Urban Growing

Hydroponic Growing Pavilions Zoning

Apiary/ Garden

Canteen

Food Retail Education/ Learning Facilities

International Street Food Market

Semi-Permanent Market Stalls

Community Areas Food Production

Walk-In Fridge Lower Shopping Precinct

Walk-In Freezer

Cooking School

Coventry Cathedral

Bakery/ Patisserie Teaching Space

(10 minute walk from site)

Coventry Marketplace

Dry Store Shelton Square

Car Park

Disused Retail Space

Canteen

Coffee Shop Resturant

Bull Yard

Semi-Permanent market Stalls

Street Food/ Market Area

Coventry Train Station (9 minute walk from site)

Site Proposal E

Tea Room West Annual Prevailing Wind

Miro-Brewery/ Bar

(from south west)

Juice Bar (Extract from Technology Arc3013 assignment)

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

N Main pedestrian street towards the upper shopping precinct, adjacent to main access road opposite propsed site

(Extract from Technology Arc3013 assignment)

FOOD PRODUCTION

Ventilation Water Smell Pipes Circulation Food Preparation Hydroponic Growing

The site axo to the left illustrates the specific points of food production throughout my proposal. Allotments are a the more traditional form of cultivating crops. This is much more hands on and practical endeavour and is used as a community building exercise. The allotment space takes over the car park that sits above Coventry Marketplace. This was useful in creating another link with the market itself, furthermore as my proposal aims to bring food production closer to the city there will undoubtedly be a lesser need for cars in city centre that is striving to be entirely pedestrianised. On the second floor of the tower is an Apiary and lookout space. Bees are useful when pollinating the plants and wild growth that surround my proposal and the roof tops of the cookery school. This introduces positive biodiversity into the city centre but also acts as an engaging form of food production in the form of collecting honey to be used in the restaurant and educational facilities. Hydroponic growing is the main introduction of food production into the site as for its benefits of not requiring soil. There are two forms, the tower which is monitored by the adjacent labs and restaurant and the hydroponic pavilions that are found on ground level to encourage public engagement.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

HYDROPONIC GROWING PAVILIONS

POD DEVELOPMENT Lightweight steel frame to hold polycarbonate roof. The roof folds away from the steel frame in order angle at 30 degrees and gain maximum sunlight when rotating. The steel frame remains to imitate the drum shape of the precedents.

The pods were designed to have different climates and when someone was to walk under the pod they would feel what is going on in the pod. If it was cold, it would be cold, if it was humid it would be humid. This is designed to form a connection between the pods and the visitors.

Aluminium T-section fins attatch to light-weight steel roof to form primary structure of the pavilion. The frame holds polycarbonate sheets. Polycarbonate is used as it offers better light diffusion and UV protection for the plants.

Fig 16 It was difficult to come up with the shape that could have doors on the side and still spin around. This shape was formed in order to have solar panels on the top at 30 degrees.

Hydroponic towers attatched to roof drainage.

Steel turntable that works with a solar tracking system to maximise sun gain into the pavilion.

Fig 17 Reinforced concrete plinth with a single structural column. Recycled concrete used as aggregate.

Exposed drainage pipes that take the water to a water tank filtration system. These pipes are cast into the concrete plinth to form a single sculptural leg and allow people to pass beneath and experience the smells of the herbs that it grows.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

The introduction of the hydroponic pavilions were initially thought of as a response to the large gas towers been beacons of an industrial past and would suit my proposal as a beacon of the future. The second image is of a cafe in the shopping precinct taken in Coventry city centre that has now been engulfed by an undercover shopping centre. The reoccurring large cylinders that had previously adorned the streets of Coventry is also apparent in the Marketplace itself , which was the form inspiration of my pavilion. These pavilions will be used as a way of encouraging the public towards the market by following the changing scents and air quality that radiate from beneath.

It was also difficult to design the stairs on a rotating pod, deciding which layers are needing to move or not.

Solar panles were also places on the sides as it is rotating will be able to et enough sunlight through out the day, however this was not the best option.

PLAN DEVELOPMENTS

GROUND FLOOR PLAN Initially, the lecture hall was going to be located on the West wing of the building on the first floor. This floor would have a corridor that links to a bridge that would take the visitors to the East wing of the building. At first, I design this bridge to be f lowly to give more natural feeling, in order to break the strict gridded existing structure.

Then I have decided to dedicate this wing of the building for teaching: baking and cooking. I have decided to do this in order to create more organised floors to the ease of the visitors and students. This floor plan would allow for more similar scents to integrate.

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At the back of the wing, where it looks on the road that has car park, a ramp has been design. This is designed in order for the goods to be delivered to the cooking classrooms without disturbing the market that is located on the other side of the wing. It was difficult to design a narrow and long spaces. Therefore a lot of thought has gone into design, the layout of the classrooms, toilets and the fridge. This is done in order to achieve the maximum student satisfaction and for disabled access.

Later on the design process, the ramp has been changed into a goods lift to show the expose the true process of food production and express the structure of the building like my high tech architecture precedents: Richard Rogers and Norman Foster. The bridge has been straightened in order to make the most of the existing structure.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

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Permanent Market Stalls Hydropnoic Growing Pavilions Canteen Hydroponic Growing Pavillions (off site ) Temporary Market Stalls Underpod Seating Area Eating Area Herb Gardens

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FIRST FLOOR PLAN

SECOND/ THIRD FLOOR PLANS

1ST FLOOR PLAN

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10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Cookery School Storage/ Walk-in Fridge Goods Lift Toilets Bakery/ Patisserie Teaching Space Hydroponic Growing Pavilions Reception and Information Desk

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Coffee Shop Tea House Juice Bar Beer Garden Bar Micro-Brewery Dr Draw-bridge to Roof Top Allotments

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Cookery School Storage/ Walk-in- Fridge Goods Lift Toilets Bakery/ Patisserie Teaching Space Hydroponic Growing Pavilions Reception and Information Desk Coffee Shop

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Tea House Juice Bar Beer Garden Bar Micro-Brewey Draw- bridge to Roof Top Allotments Allotments

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

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Hydroponic Growing Tower Demonstration Theatre Three-part Retracting Roof Study Space Apiary and Look Out

FORTH FLOOR PLAN

FIFTH FLOOR PLANS

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Hydroponic Growing Tower Lab Space Vertical Moving Resturant Pods Toilets

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

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Hydroponic Growing Tower Resturant Resturant Kitchen Vertical Moving Resturant Pods Toilets

SECTION DEVELOPMENTS

Initially, the design had a curved canopy that would extend over the public square where the would be temporary market. This was designed in order to create shading in summer from the sun and in winter from snow and rain. Also, this design included a connection between the pedestrian and the building. When some would walk underneath if they looked up they would be able to see the hydroponics in the building. This angle was calculated.

The arrangements of the building was decided by the calculation of the angles that is calculated for the maximum sun light and to create the connection between then pedestrians and the building. It was decided to have the lecture hall, at the back, where it does not require the sun light and the hydroponics at the front. To get amazing views, the restaurant is placed on the top floor.

In order to achieve the best crop yield, there was some rearrangements on the floors of the hydroponics. Where there double ceiling height places are created and the upper floors are pushed back to prevent over shadowing

On the top floor a sky garden as been designed, in order to attract more people to the restaurant and library. Instead of having a curved canopy, three part retracting rood has been added. This roof would adjust to the current weather casts, without creating shadows all around year. The canopy wouldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve also created large amount of dark spots, which is not beneficial for the high crime rates.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

ORCHESTRATING SMELLS

SEATING

THRESHOLD OF SMELL

The above wire frame view of the building exposes the multiple interaction between the network of pipes that occupy the building. The pink pipes are used to distribute smell across the site orchestrating a journey through my proposal. They create a direct moment of interface between the public and the person preparing food and drink. On the left wing of the building that house the cookery and bakery school each pipes extracts smell from each oven so that the person cooking can have a direct influence on the way in which someone passes through a space highlighted below in an updated version on the smell map. The pipes can be used to form key moments of interest across the site. Pipes wrap around to form seating to create playful interaction but are also used to form architectural spaces. In the bottom image to the right the pipes leading from the Cafe and bar both hover over the same space

As the building can be seen as a living organ and when considering the time elements of food these concepts merge to form spaces which are determined entirely by the smell that is produced at any single time. For example on a morning when people would typically buy a coffee on their comute to work the smell produced will characterise the space and morning veranda, the perfect place to enjoy a coffee. However, upon an evening when one would typically attend a bar the smell of beer will re-characterise the space as an outdoor beer garden.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

FUNCTION OF ROOM DETERMINED BY SMELL

SMELL MAP OF PROPOSAL The map to the right is an updated version of the smell map that was drawn in the initial stages of generating the proposal. It now shows the existing points of interaction of the smells. The map also identifies the smells that are created at the points of interaction between two proposed smells which are characterised here as food items.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

EATING EXPERIENCE A large part of the proposal is the consumption of food. Through my design I have integrated a range of eating experiences that adhere to different people and occasions but that in each instant generates a value of food through theatre. (From left to right: Restaurant, Canteen, Street Food).

Experiencing food at all levels includes a high-end taster menu from the restaurant in the tower. In the restaurant are views straight through to the hydroponic tower where some of the ingredients is gathered. Hanging pods also allow the food to be experienced with extraordinary sights of the street food area.

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

As Coventry isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t always suited to the outdoors a large canteen has been devised under the right wing. A more sociable and relaxed experience is created with the window seats extruded over flower beds to maintain the excitement of being surrounded by food production in a more relaxed setting,

The entire ground floor of the existing building was removed to allow for a large expanse of space that could cater to a mixture of permanent and temporary market stalls. Through the removal of the ground floor a direct link is created with the underpass to the Coventry marketplace.

UTILISING THE EXISTING STRUCTURE

Existing building surrounding Bull Yard and Shelton Square

Stripping back the existing structure to its skeletal form

Building massing proposal on site. Inserting volumes into existing structure.

Roof Build-up Wild flower green roof (full build-up can be found in Detailed technical section). 200 mm rigid insulation. Vapour barrier. 100mm trapezoid steel sheet exposed on final layer to contribute to industrial aesthetic.

Double glazed curtain wall with mastic sealer attatched to steel frame with spider frame fixing.

200mm SHS frame (thick enough to withstand the extra weight of the green roof) welded on site.

Floor Build-up 100mm reinforced polished Screed. 150mm thermal insulation with heating pipes. Vapour barrier.

Original Reinforced Concret Structure treated with concrete sealer.

(Extract from Technology Arc3013 assignment)

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

(Extract from Technology Arc3013 assignment)

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

(Extract from Technology Arc3013 assignment)

REALISATION + SYNTHESIS

BIBLIOGRAPHY Bishakha, 2020. 14 Pros And Cons Of Aquaponics. [online] Honest Pros and Cons. Available at: <https://honestproscons.com/pros-and-cons-ofaquaponics/> [Accessed 14 June 2020]. Crompton, D., 2018. Archigram - The Book. London: Circa Press. Diller, E., Scofidio, R. and Murphy, D., 2002. Blur. New York: Harry N. Abrams. Judith, 2016. Pros And Cons Of Hydroponics - Easyponic. [online] easyPonic. Available at: <http://easyponic.com/pros-and-cons-hydroponics/> [Accessed 12 June 2020]. Lim, C. (2014). Food City. New York: Routledge.

CULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

Mclean, K. (2020, January 21). Sensory Maps. Retrieved from Sensory Maps: https://sensorymaps.com/ Street food in Malaysia.

Throughout the year I have experienced working at Fat Hippo Burger van. With the team we have been on many festivals and events with other street food vans. This has helped me a lot with my design this year, as I have designed my whole building around street food around the world and how people experience it. Been to many different event venues, such as Peddler Market in Sheffield and gross myself making and selling feed.

Powell, K., 2007. Richard Rogers. London: Phaidon. Riyo, 2019. 28 Advantages And Disadvantages Of Aeroponics And Hydroponics. [online] 1001 Artificial Plants. Available at: <https://www.1001artificialplants.com/2019/09/29/the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-aeroponics-and-hydroponics/> [Accessed 12 June 2020]. Steel, C. (2008). Hungry CIty: How Food Shapes Our Lives. London: Penguin Books.

LIST OF FIGS

Relating to street food, over the Christmas holidays I have been to the world of street food, Malaysia. There are many parts of the city that is arranged around the street food culture. Had pleasure of tasting these many different cuisines. Carolyn Steel has also helped to relate street food with architecture in her lecture and her book, Hungry City.

Food Market in Malaysia.

Carolyn Steels Book

At an event with Fat Hippo.

Fig 1 - Rossie, 2016. Padua’s 800-Years Old Market. [online] Rossi Writes. Available at: <https://rossiwrites.com/italy/italian-lifestyle/paduas-800-years-old-market/> [Accessed 12 June 2020]. Fig 2 - HISTORY. 2020. Hanging Gardens Existed, But Not In Babylon. [online] Available at: <https://www.history.com/news/hanging-gardens-existed-but-not-in-babylon> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 3- Donsmaps.com. n.d. Ice Age Hunters In Northern Europe. [online] Available at: <https://www.donsmaps.com/iceagehunters.html> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 4- farm, G. and hydroponics, H., 2019. How To Get Started With Hydroponics | Hello Homestead. [online] Hello Homestead. Available at: <https://hellohomestead.com/ how-to-get-started-with-hydroponics/> [Accessed 12 June 2020]. Fig 5- Go Green Aquaponics. 2019. Ultimate Aquaponics Beginner’S Guide – Go Green Aquaponics. [online] Available at: <https://gogreenaquaponics.com/blogs/news/ultimate-aquaponics-beginners-guide> [Accessed 12 June 2020]. Fig 6- Modern Farmer. n.d. How Does Aeroponics Work?. [online] Available at: <https://modernfarmer.com/2018/07/how-does-aeroponics-work/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 7- The Earthbound Report. 2011. The Lovely Myth Of Vertical Farms. [online] Available at: <https://earthbound.report/2012/09/18/the-lovely-myth-of-vertical-farms/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 8- Greenbiz.com. 2019. How 16 Initiatives Are Changing Urban Agriculture Through Tech And Innovation | Greenbiz. [online] Available at: <https://www.greenbiz.com/ article/how-16-initiatives-are-changing-urban-agriculture-through-tech-and-innovation> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 9- Moore Farms Botanical Garden. n.d. Green Roof And Living Wall. [online] Available at: <https://moorefarmsbg.org/the-garden/garden-guide/garden-wall/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 10- Youvisit.com. 2020. Umass Lowell Residence Tour. [online] Available at: <https://www.youvisit.com/tour/photos/uml/102526?id=1036455> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 11- Horton, R., 2015. Indoor & Underground Urban Farms Are Growing. [online] Urban Gardens. Available at: <https://www.urbangardensweb.com/2015/10/18/indoorunderground-urban-farms-growing-in-size-and-number/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig12- Kathmandu & Beyond. 2018. The Best Things To Do In Kiev, Ukraine | Travel Guide. [online] Available at: <https://www.kathmanduandbeyond.com/things-to-do-kiev-ukraine/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 13- YOMADIC. 2020. What Happened When I Used My Phone On The Mean Streets Of Kiev - YOMADIC. [online] Available at: <https://yomadic.com/kiev/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 14- YOMADIC. 2020. What Happened When I Used My Phone On The Mean Streets Of Kiev - YOMADIC. [online] Available at: <https://yomadic.com/kiev/> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 15- Bickersteth, R., Bickersteth, R., Mark, L. and Ing, W., 2016. Coventry’s Post-War Architecture Has Been Misunderstood. [online] Architects Journal. Available at: <https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/culture/coventrys-post-war-architecture-has-been-misunderstood/10004873.article> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 16- Bickersteth, R., Bickersteth, R., Mark, L. and Ing, W., 2020. Coventry’s Post-War Architecture Has Been Misunderstood. [online] Architects Journal. Available at: <https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/culture/coventrys-post-war-architecture-has-been-misunderstood/10004873.article> [Accessed 15 June 2020]. Fig 17- Pinterest. 2020. Round Cafe, Coventry (Via Here) (With Images) | Architecture. [online] Available at: <https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/325314773075292154/> [Accessed 15 June 2020].

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