Architecture Portfolio Architecture BA Honours Stage 2 | 2018-2019 Ho Wang Heymans Choy Newcastle University 170738042
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Design Module Content list
P 2.1
A day in your life
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P 2.3.1
Study Type
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P 2.3.2
P 2.3.3
Leith 2030
Dwelling Plus
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P2.4
P2.3.4 Inhabit
Engineering Experience
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P2.5
Exploring Experience
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Non-Design Module ARC ARC ARC ARC
2009 2010 2020 2024
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Semester 1
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Apologia During the design module, i want to achieve a healthy living, inspired by the basic human needs in designing architectrue. In my design project, I designed a public green space which is the courtyard for the resident,as well as the people passing by. Greenary is vital in our humen life as it balanced out the environment impact to the site and the overall nature has changed, therefore this is one of my aim in this design project. The second aim is having enough humen interaction to boost the sense of community in Leith. As the masterplan for the project is also creating a festival or event that will be happening. It willl be a great chance for me to coorperate my design with the masterplan inorder to get more interaction base on the festival. Therefore, I designed a quite opened design which where the artist- the dwellers for the design project, can have more direct connectin to the things happening around the site. In the design project I did overdone the design as I used multiple material, which will make the design looks bulky and not aesthetic. Later on in my architecture studies I will pay more attention on materials.
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P 2.1 A day in your life Studying about the life pattern and the surrounding that close to us. How will it affecting the behavior and activities due to these existing enviornment and scenario. Which closely studying human activites and behaviors by knowing the inhabitation is vtial for architect to make further judgement and decision process to there projects.
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My Bedroom During an average day of my life, i usually spend most of the time in my accommodation. I lived in a student accommodation, space is small and limited . which has contricted my area of activites, i noted down i often sit at the table, for work, eat, relax etc. Everything take place at eh desk, it is my one of the two things that is important. The other thing is my bed, it act as a bed and sometimes act as a sofa. Tyring to find the feelings of my room back in my home, as an international students. The sketch visualized the pattern and action which usually happned in the my bedroom. Long reactanglular shape room with one big window openings at the end is enough to illuminate the whole room.
Scale 1:20
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The Kitchen Since I am living in a share flat the kitchen is shared among 6 people. Everyone in the kitchen has their own occupied space, for instant i usually sit at the left bottom corner side of the table, and others using the remaining seat which we all alocated fo ourselves. It si kind of interesting that you actually can sense the connection within a space and comunication among each other. Although with different routines. The following sketch shows how i occuppied the kitchen and all funiture in the kitchen. There is two big coachs, a coffee table and a TV. whihc gives me the living room of my home and i quite enjoying sitting there during my rest. Having a sip of red tea and a cookie. The time usually at the morning or early evening.
Scale 1:50
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The Studio This scene and moments took place during the charrette week. Where the sketch shows the work space of my charrette group to build a shelter. Besides my accommodation, the only place which i will be in the most is the school of architecture. I want to record down what will i do in a studio and while working. The sketch recorded the whole week of me where i generally will be and what i will do. These moments are usually around 1 to 6 pm.
Scale 1:50
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P 2.3.1 Study Type
In this typology study, we were focused on working and exploring in different scales. From 2D drawings to 3D model making, guiding us to understand what it represent for in each scales. As well as, learning our way thought the study to find useful information and ideas for further development on the Leith 2030. These study type projects demonstrate how a building will be designed and fuse into the existing neighbourhood. Considering and anaylze the urban frabic.
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Study Type Models
1:50 Dwelling model
1:500 Site model
1:50 Front Facade
1:50 Rear Building Facade 11
Study Type Booklet
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P 2.3.2 Leith 2030
Leith 2030 The Art and Craft Culture The Leith 2030 strategy is tailor made for the artists, bringing in the fresh new blood to the neighbourhood, by spreading and sharing different art and craft culture. Bringing the community together. Furthermore generating income for people who live and work in the new building and activities.
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Site Reading Understanding the urban structure and frabic within the site, for further deciding the masterplan strategy . Studing the path and routes from the local to understand where is the potential space for the later masterplan strategy for Leith 2030. For instant, the communal spaces for arts and craft culture exhange. Identify the typology and the materiallity of the site
Site Plan
Site Analysis
Collage
1:4500 Site Section
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POPULATION
TRANSPORTATION
POPULATION
TRANSPORTATION
Location Plan
ROUTES
SITE
Typology Analysis
ROUTES
SITE
Site Plan
Site Analysis
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Masterplan Communal Space Development Community Space Choosing a large undeveloped green space which lying on the east side of the site, decided to renovate and reuse the ground as a new community space. For example, having different exhibitions, pop up galleries, and art stores. Providing spaces for people to interact and share the spaces we all living in, building better connection for the community
Private Space
Public Space
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Section Line
Site Section 1:200
Private Space
SemiPrivate Space
Public Space
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Masterplan Facilities design & development As our masterplan site is next to the wate of Leith, we would also like to promote and include it in the masterplan, stick to the theme which give public access and explore outer edges. The design is using hexagon as the main theme for the masterplan. The concept behind is because in nature, symmetrical is the aesthetic and standard for everything in the world. Which hexagon is in a symmetrical shapes, therefore we chose it as our theme. Utilizing the walkway beside the water of Leith as part of the masterplan which is to bridge between the east side and west side development area. These two area are seperated by an old historic bridge. The theme will keep using the hexagon shapes thtough out the leith wallk . 20
ROUTES - GPS TRACKER
OUTDOOR GALLERY
1:1250 Site Plan Platforms are made from western red cedar wood - low density wood, allowing it to float in water.
Permanent promenade area
1500mm
750mm
Platforms are varying heights the one on the left hand size is 1500mm tall, whilst the right hand size is 750mm.
Permanent promenade
Platforms are moored to one another using rope and mooring points, to prevent them drifting too far from one another.
Platforms are anchored at the bottom of the river to prevent them floating away completely.
1:500 Site Plan
For this section of the proposed masterplan, we have decided to include an outdoor gallery space to exhibit some of the art created. Once completed in the new warehouse, people can either choose to sell the work at the markets in the neighbourhood, or display it on several floating platforms for people to come and visit.
Explanation of platforms
How the platforms can ‘float’ into place
Permanent promenade
Permanent promenade
Additional platforms (non-permanent)
Additional platforms (non-permanent)
Direction of floating platform
Direction of floating platform
Concept image of exhibition space
Permanent promenade
Permanent promenade
Additional platforms (non-permanent)
Additional platforms (non-permanent) How the exhibition space could change
Permanent promenade
Permanent promenade
Additional platforms (non-permanent)
Additional platforms (non-permanent)
Concept image of exhibition space
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Community Workshop
Community Workshop
Community Workshop
In the masterplan, we decided to renovate the warehouse because it footprint area is Hugh and warehouse are the best type of architecture to convert to different usage. In this case, the warehouse becomes a community workshop. Which allows people to buy souvenirs and other product made by the community or the dwellers from the dewlling plus scheme. And also some area in the workshop will use for storage for materials, products, and machine etc. We also designed posters of the different kind of festival and activites which will take place at the community space in our masterplan.
We identified the ‘Plumbase’ store and warehouse as a key building on our site that possesses a lot of potential, which the current use does not realise. Situated next to the river and along the ‘Walk of Leith’, it is in a prime location to act as a communal “hub”. In tune with our art-themed Leith “revival”, we propose that the warehouse be converted into a Art Workshop. Contained within the building on the ground floor is a spatious studio, workshop, and storage room for materials, equipment and supplies. On the first floor a teaching space allows classes to be held, offering people of the community an opportunity to learn new skills, and then practise their craft in the rooms downstairs. On the roof of the studio space is a “mural wall”, providing residents and t visitors a chance to be expressive on a larger scale. The footprint of the the‘Plumbase’ original warehouse is maintained, whilst materials used in the We identified store and warehouse as a key building on our site frequently that possesses a local lotand of potential, which the buildings current use does not realise. Situated next to the river and along the area on neighbouring are utilised (sandstone, wood, white concrete). ‘Walk of Leith’, it is in a prime location to act as a communal “hub”. In tune with our art-themed Leith “revival”, we propose that the warehouse be converted into a Art Workshop. Contained within the building on the ground floor is a spatious studio, workshop, and storage room for materials, equipment and supplies. On the first floor a teaching space allows classes to be held, offering people of the community an opportunity to learn new skills, and then practise their craft t in the rooms downstairs. On the roof of the studio space is a “mural wall”, providing residents and visitors a chance to be expressive on a larger scale. The footprint of the original warehouse is maintained, whilst materials used frequently in the local area and on neighbouring buildings are utilised (sandstone, wood, white concrete).
Initial Concept Sketch
Initial Concept Sketch
Routes and Access
Views
Exploded Axonometric of Floors Routes and Access
Views
Exploded Axonometric of Floors
Ground Floor Plan Exterior Render Ground Floor Plan Exterior Render
First Floor Plan
First Floor Plan
Interior Render
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Interior Render
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P 2.3.3 Dwelling Plus
Introduction The Leith 2030 strategy is tailor made for the artists, bringing in the fresh new blood to the neighbourhood, by spreading and sharing different art and craft culture. Bringing the community together. Furthermore generating income for people who live and work in the new building and activities.
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Context I chosed a site which is near the community workshops with my concept behind the design is providing a working space fo my client and chances of teaching and other education purpose. Moreover, coorperating with the masterplan than we had drafted. Bringing the arts and crafts culture into Leith.
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From south elevation
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My Leith design project is to create a share space between the artist and the communities from Leith. Providing space for interation and communication. In my design, I purposely turn the base level/ground level to be a workshops which can hold a small class workshops. Also it is close to the community workshop which we drafted out form the masterplan. It will be much more convenient for getting material and preparing classes.
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For the dwelling design, i worked out a plan that can increase the interaction within the building. There are more chances for each dweller access the central staircase to ground floor or their flat. Each floor has a long platform, it is a semi private space as the dweller can use this space for their own purpose. Further more the cascading building strcuture create interconnect spaces. Dwellers can see the lower level from the higher platform.
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1:200 Floor Plans
Aerial View Plan
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Ground Floor Plans
1st Floor Plan
2nd Floor Plans 33
Ground Floor Plans 34
Ground Floor Plans
Site Collage
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West Section
North Section
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Stair section
East section 37
Design Process This is the initial idea at the very beginning, after i saw the projects requirments. I noted down all ideas that pops up in my mind. Some of these ideas were drawn from my past experience of visiting muiltiple art building with a cluster of workshops. Testing out the idea which how these initial ideas will fit in to the site that i have chosen for my dwelling project. And considering the feasiblilty before i move on to my next idea. Rewoked my idea on the first idea, by changing the form and shopes of the design. Which will be matching my clients and the theme Working out on the forms and masses to figure out the approximate size and area of the building. Visualizing the design in some perspective sketches.
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After confirming my first design, making model is the next steps for me to understan the possible problem in the desgin which cannot be discovered from those sketches that i made to visualize the design. I start exploring the model and finds out any potential pros and cons in this design which can help me brainstorm more ideas for the next design adjustment.
Dwellings
In the next design, a big changes on the deign. By considering the vital things that humen needs, sunlight. Also, thinking about the connection of public and private. I first inverted the east and west side and conveniently, i generated a space for each flat to have their own balcony (private) and remain the initial access deck (public)
Studio building 40
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After solving the dwelling flat details and at this stage the remain unsolved problem is the overall studio building and connection between the dwelling building to studio building as well. As so, i chosed to use simple abstract blocks to represent my building mass and forms, and relocating the position of the studio to get the best connection to the dwelling building.
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P2.3.4 Inhabit
3rd & 4th floor - 2 Bedroom Flat 44
1st floor - 1 Bedroom Flat 45
Flat Type
Flat A
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Flat B,C
Flat D 2nd floor
Flat D
Common Room 47
Studio Inhabitat
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Flat Inhabit
Courtyard
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Semester two
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Apologia During this design, I was focused on the user experience as, considering the artist are makeing musical artworks, the atmosphere plays an important role. Through this project i realized I havnt thought through enough for the design, such as the material usage. Where material are the one which will affect the acoustic and atmosphere of the space. Besides acoustic aspect, I also consider the accessibility. Through the semester two, I try and experimenting how to create a user friendly designs, I personally think that i had tried my best to do it but obviously, there’s much more to learn from. To conclude, I want to take new challenge and learn more other than designing forms and shapes where spaces are vital to human. That’s what architecture are, designing for humen.
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P2.4 Engineering Experience ARC 2001: Architecture Design 2.1 Studio D Sub-Group 1
Project Aim The theme of our film project is about the emotions and physical movements of a human being situated in different environment.Exploring through the spatial dimension, light and dark, sounds, and surroundings. Expressing the viewpoint and understanding from our existing knowledge and experiences.
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Reflection Throughout this project, I personally think that as a success. This is the first time I participated in film making and I enjoy the process of putting pieces together like puzzle. As a group, we manage to work as a team and everyone is doing their part, collaboration is very important. different opinions. While participating in this project I realize there’s much more to be aware of when thinking about space. Not only focused on the clients aim but also the surrounding elements for my design and thinking process. Also, the cost and time management during this project is significant, each projects task are closely linked. There are no rest in between when producing work and combine them. In the future practice, I believe it will be similar to this situation. Since it is mandatory to work with different professions as an architect. Also, throughout arts, I realize as art is a more subjective and closely related to human itself, it is an expression. Architecture also closely related to human. Learning how to express the emotions and human interpretation helps, and furthermore studying about how human with act due to certain situation and surrounding environment. These skills definitely help me further develop in the architecture study. 53
Key scene The City of Lost Children In the first opening scene to 2 minutes 40 seconds sector. The timeline set in Christmas as the environment generate a snowing scene along with some bells sound instrument, followed by a Santa Claus entering the house through the chimney. The soundtrack at the beginning is very peaceful and calm. Later, the music changed the key, melody, and rhythm presenting an intense and weird feelings. The visual effects start wiggling and shakier as more and more Santa Claus appear. More close-up shots to the child and Santa. Ended with an old man (main character) screaming painfully and back to reality from the dream.
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THE CITY OF LOST CHILDREN
Project settings After watching the allocated key scene from the film - THE CITY OF LOST CHILDREN. We have come up with numerous key elements and themes. We focused on creepiness, anxiety, illusion, and discomfort. The general feeling we want to archive is tend to the negative side. Which this is reference from the key film themes as a response.
Story line draft
Through our discussion, the places of choice and our film setting are a public realm which everyone will feel discomfort about. Which is the metro, by analysing the spatial qualities, first-hand experience, and observation. As well as considerate the connection to our themes and how we want to present about the elements in architecture.
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Story plot The story was about from reality to dream creating a threshold of the spaces and dimensions. We considerate both the reconceptualization of the key scene of reality and dream. The importance of threshold, transitional space and connection in architecture can be satisfied in our project. During our story, there are three dream sequence followed one by one. Each dream we want to magnify the connection between human and the surroundings. Represent the urban spatial qualities and how it will affect and change the way of us behaving and feeling. These dreams are nightmares, which no one will like it normally and always portraited as a negative act.
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Sound correlation
Sound storyboard draft
Through our visual presentation is not enough for generating a space, it can generate depth and dimension but can’t deliver internal feelings and emotions. In some case, such as the quality of light. It can provide visual interpretation of space and change the way we think about it. However, it doesn’t have emotions without any sound. Sound can stimulate our emotions and decisions along with visualization. Sound plays a very important role in our projects, as to provide strong intense feelings. For instance, discomfort, anxiety, intensity, fear, and lost etc. As a human, hearing is one of important senses which we use every day. We can recall places and objects through it unique sound, generate emotions through the rhythm and speed of the sound. In our film, we want to stimulate people’s emotions through sound and let them imagine and develop negative emotions, along with the nightmares. 57
Sound Planning After we generated our first draft and finished the story board, it is time to planning how sound will be through out our film. First, we draft out each main scene with what feelings we want to achieve, generating the atmosphere and surroundings elements. Afterall, we move on to the sound effect which will apply to different objects appear in the films. During the first test, we only use the audio from the video that we need for the film. More and more refinement to the story plot, a clear and concrete story line is created. We know what more sound we need in order to achieve the reality and representation. We worked between the sound and the story line, creating a tight connection. Once the story has tweaks, the possibility of more sound effects is high. During the process, we have done multiple audio recordings to find the best match for our scenes and sourcing high quality sound effects from the internet which those are out of our ability to produce. In order to be immersive, we do a lot of research of how sound was made in different Hollywood’s films, the source of films is very diverse from horror to science fiction. It is a great chance to understand the sound producing process and great fun while making it. After learning the techniques, we tried to produce different sound effect. For example, the ambience of a tunnel. We use two toilet paper roll to cover the microphones to make the wind tunnel sound, as it is very similar to what we can hear in the metro.
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The sound audio files which we recorded need to be clean and adjustment as there are so many background noises which will possibly affect the effect when put in the video. We are very satisfied of the overall outcome of the sound effects, as it manage to create the feelings and emotions we needed for our films.
Installation As required for a specific scene in our film, we need a model of a metro train. For this metro installation, we designed it to be shrinking one after one. Which it can generate the illusion we want and as a interaction for viewers. Being immerse and imagine themselves in to the film as the protagonist.
Scale1:10
Scale1:2
We managed to make it into the scale of 1:2, at the beginning we made a 1:10 testing model to explore the visual effects and how it can make it into the film. As we all agreed to process this idea we chose to stop at the scale of 1:2, because if we go beyond that it will be more challenging to stand and it will involve more cost. And there is no need for 1:1. By considerate the limited space we have for later exhibition, and the message delivered by the installation. 1:2 is the perfect scale for this installation.
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Another challenging factor is the cost of making this installation, we decided to use cardboard as its is more economical and efficient, one of the challenges is while we are making the 1:2 scale, we need 2 completely connected A0 cardboard in order to make a one piece but we cannot find such massive cardboard. Forcing us to solve out and use A1 cardboard to make the 1:2. Another problem is the way to make them stand. We surely know it will not be the most stable method, but we cannot find any better solution. We could have use metal stand, but we know at the end it will be not practical. And of course, costlier. In this situation is just like real situation, how to manage to solve problem with limited resources. Using the best out of the all possibilities.
Painting the back side of the train pieces
measuring the position for the 1:2 model
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Before printing out we have to use photoshops to chop the picture in to the size of the A3 and arranging them to match the pieces and size. Minimise the overall cost for cardboard, we squeeze as much as we can. After printing out making them to stand is difficult as each connection point of each piece is a weak spot. It will collapse without support. Forging the connection between each carboard pieces.
Calculating the require size and printing dimension for later model making
Forging connections
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Exhibition set up A good exhibition required a good presentation and impression of what will be presenting at that space, we want to provide a good presentation to our visitors and have an unforgettable moment. We were provided a very limited space with one side of 5 white board wall. Which we need to utilize it carefully. We carefully demonstrated the process of making the film in to the set up for our exhibition, such as the shadow of the rats and the train light. While we using the props for filming, the way of it is similar of the making process and represented through the set up.
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For presenting the story board, initially we put all the story scenes in an A3 paper and 6 in total, after we lining them up on the wall we found out that the way it presents is not good enough. So we allocated each scene to an A5 size, 38 in total. Lining them up in a strips form of 7 lines and 6 columns. Which it is more pleasant to look at and clearer for visitor to see. We also worked out the orders and direction of viewing, its is from left to right, starts from our idea and ends with installation. Which our visitor wont be confused which they want to look at. Board planning
Resizing the story scenes to A5
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Since at the end we have alot of balnk space but we though that it will be great to hv the rats shilouette on the wall as it enlarged to more near with humen scale like in the films, a giant big rats shows up in the metro station with a shadow. In here we create the space and surranding for our guest to feel the transition from the screen to reality. In this set up, we can learning about positive and negativ space . How it can be utilize through desgining this space. In the futture we can be more aware of light and dark.
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We originally planned to put the installation on the floor as bothered by the limited space. But meanwhile we still testing the spcae of the exhitbition, we put it on the table top and reaalize the sight the more comfortable to look in to the train. As it is slightly on the bottom of a normal person eyelevel. In the end the installation looks fantastic.
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P2.5 Exploring Experience
Introduction I chosed Site 4 as my site for the design project, coorperating with out festival.
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Festival Development My festival aim is to bring the participants to ride along the river, which on the way to the endpoint, there will be different musical installation floatin on the water. It will be triggered by the boat passing through it, participant can decide the route they wanted to go and creat unique music.
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Idea development
I have a focused artists which they will use recycled scrap material to make installation artwork. During the exploration, I used a non traditional material to test out the form by putting random metal wire on the model to try getting inspired.
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Volumetric experiments
After getting a solid idea of my design, i made some testing model to explore more about the space that i have created. And it really helps me to decide where te placement of the lift that I wanted to be included in my design.
Space Allocation Diagram 72
Models that i got inspired to the next design
Testing Models 73
Structure
After I got the volume and forms, the next step i take is making a structural model to understand more of the design where it will determind the material and construction for my building. And calculating the span and beam steel structure.
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Key spaces
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Circulation
In my deisgn, i want to archieve a good circulation and easy acces. As well as considering for the disability. Therefore a lift is located at the center of the whole building, which is also the heart of the building, it’s vital for accessing the building. Also i want my design to be energy saving. With concrete claddin g interior, when the building is exposing to the sunlight it absorb heat and provide temprate atmosphere and also the natural air ventilation system through the roof.
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Light Diagram
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Floor Plans
3rd Floor plan 80
2nd Floor plan
1st Floor plan
Ground Floor plan 81
1:200 Sections
East Section
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East Section
East Section
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Front Section
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Front Elevation
Perspective sketch
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New Resolved plan
After the review, the tutors pointed out a unresolved problem about the human needs. In this case, its the toilet placement. For both building there is only one building located in the public exhibition building, and none for the private studio. After considering the possibility of having toilet. Puting it near the stairs is the most convenient place. As each floor users can easily access the toilet by either going up and down, aslo solving the congestion possibility.
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1:20 Details
Roof Construction
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Internal Wall Construction
Curtain Wall Installation
Standard Wall Conatruction
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Non-Design Module Content List
ARC 2009
ARC 2010
ARC 2020
ARC2024
Technology 2.1
Technology 2.2
Dissertation Studies &
About Architecture: Cities, Culture & Space
Architecture
Architecture
Construction Detail Report
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90
Energy Efficient Construction
102
research methods
Charette
Essay
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128
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ARC 2009 Architecture Technology 2.1
Construction Detail Report
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ARC2009 SEMESTER 1 ASSESSMENT - Construction Detail Reort Dwelling Plus Group : Group C Student : 170738042
A. DWELLING PLUS DESIGN SUMMARY Chosen Site Location and Building Site Plan
DWELLING PLUS DESIGN SUMMARY Building Floor Plans
fig.3a
fig.3b
fig.3c
fig.1
fig.3d
fig.2 fig.1 - Chosen site location for the dwelling project ( the Yellow shaded area ) fig.2 - Proposed building location site plan
fig.3a fig.3b fig.3c fig.3d fig.3e fig.4
Ground floor plan (studio) 1st Floor Plan 2nd Floor plan 3rd Floor plan 4th Floor Plan East building section
fig.3e
fig.4
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DWELLING PLUS DESIGN SUMMARY
DWELLING PLUS DESIGN SUMMARY
The building is design for 4-5 artist who are focusing on making sculpture and installation. It provides 5 flat units which include 3 single bedroom, 1 double bedroom, 1 common room. On each floor, resident can access the public deck, outside of their front door. Then the deck is connected to and lead people to access the cental staircase. In each flat, there is a balcony which has a view towards the courtyard between the community workshop and the building.
The concept behind the building is to encourage each resident to communicate with each other. Further build-up good relationship. Sharing experiences and culture among the small community. As well as the guest who wiil come over to experience the art and craft culture. The building is right next to the community workshop, which provide instant and convinence communication.
Building Elevation and Section
Final model
fig.5
fig.7a
fig.7c
fig.6 fig.5 Aerial view from East fig.6 Section from central staircase
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fig.7a East elevation fig.7b West elevation fig.7c Central staircase
fig.7b
B. PRECEDENT STUDY Water Street / Rob Paulus Architects Tucson, United States Focusing on the material use on the building facade. The architect choose a rainscreen system for the external wall fo the new guest suite. With integral colour concrete rainsceen board attached with precision stainless steel fasteners. In terms of waterproofness, the over all waterproof rating incease by using a rainscreen system, with moist-resistance wall and drainage space on the inside. Moisture is a very critical aspect. One of the advantage of rainscreen system is having a breathable wall which keep extracting all the moisture in the cold bridge of the wall. For aesthetic aspect, the rainscreen system generate an clean and well ordered apperance, as well as it can be in different shapes and size which is very a flexible construction. There’s plenty custom finishes on external cladding.
fig.9a
Considering this project only has one storey and small. The thermal performance aspect is very important. The floor construction is a 127mm thick concrete raft slab with rigid insulation underneath. Which can minimize the thermal bridge.
Types of material choice for cladding -Brick -aluminium -Glass -ceramic -Stone - porcelain -timber -uPVC -tile - Concrete
photo by Liam Frederick
fig.8
PRECEDENT STUDY Water Street / Rob Paulus Architects Tucson, United States
fig.10
The wall structure is a lightweight construction which the thermal mass is small. A rainscreen construction’s thickness of the system are usually thin which need extra consideration the thickness of insulation. In the interiror wall construction, for a better insulation, there is a open cell spray foam insulation thoughout the wall. Which the benefits is providing good sound barrier and affordable. The material itself is very lightweight and also prevent moisture. Therefore the precedent shows a good constuction for working in a small flat.
For the window constuction, to increase the energy efficiency, a dual pane high efficient low-E glass were used in the building which can keeping the building at a balanced temperature in different seasons. Therefore, there is no need to reduce the window opening to prevent heat lost as window has the highest thermal conductivity among the construction.
In terms of the stucture, it is a timber frame structure. Because of the size of the guest suite is not big, timber frame wiill be stable enough and less costly. Timber actually benefit to people as well for absorbing harmful gases inside the house. As well as timber frame can be very versitile which in this case it connected to a steel beam to construct a extended roof
In terms of fire protection, the location of the cavity is in the interior wall. On the outside there is not cavity space between the concrete board and the fibre cement board. The reason is because fibre cement board itself is fire proof, there is no need for cavity space being outside. Overall the structure is very fire resistant.
fig.9b fig.8 floor plan of the precedent fig.9a Guest suite with concrete board cladding fininsh fig.9b extented metal sheet roof and steel casing
fig.10 construction detail of the precedent
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C. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL DEVELOPMENT
PRECEDENT STUDY Conclusion
Ground Floor Detail
For my building design, which my clients are a group of young sculptor. My initial idea is choosing a concrete as my main material fo my building. Which by considering the quality and characteristics, i wanted my building represent the existence of architecture and the feeling of mass. Just like a sculpture, they contain shapes, mass, size and colour. Due to my building already has a complex shapes and contour, the remaining focus will be on the construction. Choosing the right approach to fit the shape and concept of my building. Therefore, I decided to use steel frame with cladding instead of timber frame. My building is a 5 stories high. In terms of cost, steel frame will cost less then using heavy timber frame.and much easier to construct tall buildings. Man power can be redueced. Most of the work can be pre-frabricated off site which reduce the preparation time on site for assembling. As well as the prevent the weather like Leith, overall are humid which will possibly affect the steel frame which waiting to be construct. Moreover, steel frame is highly flexible and can be recyclable to reuse in the future. In terms of load bearing and stress. Steel frame has a very high yield stress both in taking compression and tension. In my design there are a balcony hanging outward from the building, similar to a cantilever
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
Concrete Rainscreen Boarding 30mm Rainscreen Cladding Rail 40mm Cavity 50mm Wall Braket High Performance Boarding 10mm Fibre Cement Board 10mm Main Steel Frame 160x150mm Screed 65mm Insulation 20mm Damp Proofing Course 10mm Rolled Sand 75mm Flashing Insulation 60mm
For aesthetic reasons of using steel frame, in the ground floor studio i wanted to expose the steel frame as it could generate a industrial sense
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By studying this precednet gave me a good sense of how my building is going to be constructed. And this precendent has a clean and smooth external fig.11a wall design which suit my concept of being sculptural, yet with natural material that handled by artificial process. In my design, i will use concrete board as my building facade. fig.11b fig.11a Guest suite section fig.11b Hooby room section fig.12 Guest suite from north elevation
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CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL DEVELOPMENT
Corner construction Detail - Plan
Intermediate Floor and Access deck construction Detail
1. Wall Bracket 2. Cavity 50mm 3. Concrete Rainscreen Boarding 30mm 4. Insulation 60mm 5. Main Steel Frame 160x150mm 6. High Performance Board 10mm 7. Fibre Cement Board 10mm 8. Insulation 140mm 9. Light Weight Metal Stud 140x40mm 10. High performance Boarding 10mm
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outward
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Steel fence I-Beam Joist Block Work 100x400mm Beam 120x150mm Cavity 50mm Insulation 60mm Wall Bracket Rainscreen Cladding Rail Concrete Rainscreen Boarding 30mm High Performance Boarding 10mm Main Steel Frame 160x150mm Fibre Cement Board 10mm Steel Span 300x170mm Screed 10mm Screed 10mm Insulation 20mm Concrete slabs 30mm
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CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL DEVELOPMENT
D. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL REALISATION
Conclusion
Intermediate Floor and Access deck construction Detail - Model
The above junction was chosen to be the focus is because I want to show the simplicity construction of my building, which in order to generate a contrast to what we see and the instant impression in our mind. As my building contains a lot of geometry shape which produced a lot of angles thought out the building. Due to this reason, I think that it is important to understand the connection of the concrete rainscreen boarding between each wall surface and how its assembly together. Further produce a better imagination of the material I have chosen for this project. For instant, the amount of gap form by the concrete panel due to the size will have an impact to my building faรงade and appear in a different style. Like scattered or organized. The above junction shows the relationship with the wall construction and the public access deck which is one of the main designs focuses of the building. As so, the public access deck will be included in my junction. Personally, I think the access deck is a challenging part in terms of construction due the complicity of the design, a careful observation is needed to solve the uncertainty. While solving the possible way of outcome and try not to change to much from the initial design in aesthetic reasons. And while working on the connection between the deck and the building at the same time so this choice of junction is critical to my dwelling project.
cutting out grey mountboard for steel beams
Choosing materials
Deck Railing 1100mm tall
Concrete Slab 30mm
Main beam 160x150mm
Screed 60mm
Junction section of access decks and intermediate floors Beam Cover 300mm
plasterboard 20mm
Insulation Fibre cement 60mm Boarding 12.5mm
Plasterboard 20mm
Planning how to assemble the steel beam
Insulation 140mm
Double glaze window
Concrete Slab 30mm
Insulation Insulation Block 20mm 140mm Work 60mm
Access Deck amd Intermediate Floor contruction
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Constructing wall component
waterproof Membrane
Deck Railing 1100mm tall
Steel Beam 150x120mm
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL REALISATION
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL REALISATION Intermediate Floor (Ground Floor Ceiling construction
High efficient Low-E dual pane window 2mm Aluminium Window Frame 140mm Light Gauge steel frame 140x40mm High performance Board 10mm
Plaster Board 20mm
Fibre Cement Board 12.5 mm Insulation 140mm
Screed 60mm
Insulation 20mm
Steel Beam Block Work 150x120mm 400x100mm
Insulation 60mm Cavity 50mm Concrete Rainscreen Boarding 30mm
Window Frame 140mm
3mm ventilation gap
Block Work 400x100mm
Window extention 50mm
Steel Beam 150x120mm
Waterproof Membrane Concrete Rainscreen Boarding
Concrete slab 30mm
Railing 1100mm tall
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CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL REALISATION
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAIL REALISATION
External Wall construction details
Conclusion
Wall Bracket Main Beam 160x150mm Insulation 140mm Vertical Support Railing 160x150mm
High Performance Boarding 10mm Cladding Suppport Railing
Insulation 60mm
During crafting the construction model, I found it is quite challenging to gather and connect all the part in one piece although all cutting, and material size are according to my pre-set dimension for the building. While starting to put all component which is ready for assemble, I realize the main steel frame structure is too thin as a connecting bridge for the intermediate floor and access deck. Any adhesive that I applied to the point is constantly struggling to scatter. Unlike in real situation which those connection joints will have bolts and screws to stabilize and secure in position. In a 1:10 scale model which to include bolts and screws are not feasible unless using a larger scale model. So it is far beyond what I can do for the details in a 1:10 scale model. For the dimension of the material which represent the real life is quite accurate, by calculating each material thickness and work my way around to get the closest and accurate numbers for the material. At the end, all parts fit well together, only when it comes to assemble all parts together to finish the model. In order to enhance the outcome of the model, I think using pin to secure the joints together. Which this appear to be similar to bolts and screws and techniques. I believe it is one of the possible way to work.
Concrete Rainscreen Boarding 30mm
Light Guage Steel Frame 140mm Insulation 140mm
High Performance Boarding 10mm
Fibre Cement Boarding 12.5mm Access Deck needs extra external support pole to maintain level.
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Struggling point where the connection between the access deck and main frame.
Precision cutting for accurate dimension and matching adhere point.
References ArchDaily. (2019). Water Street / Rob Paulus Architects. [online] Available at: https:// www.archdaily.com/899509/water-street-rob-paulus-architects [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019]. Architects, R. (2012). Water Street | Rob Paulus Architects. [online] Rob Paulus Architects. Available at: http://robpaulus.com/projects/water-street/ [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019]. Building Design + Construction. (2019). Understanding rainscreen wall systems. [online] Available at: https://www.bdcnetwork.com/blog/understanding-rainscreen-wall-systems [Accessed 9 Jan. 2019]. newsteelconstruction.com. (2019). AD 313: Precast concrete floors in steel framed buildings: Achieving floor diaphragm action and acoustic performance. [online] Available at: http://www.newsteelconstruction.com/wp/ad-313-precast-concretefloors-in-steel-framed-buildings-achieving-floor-diaphragm-action-and-acousticperformance/ [Accessed 9 Jan. 2019]. SketchUp video: Steel Frame Construction (Video 1). (2019). [video] Blackboard. SketchUp video: Steel Frame Construction (Video 2). (2019). [video] Blackboard. SketchUp video: Steel Frame Construction (Video 5). (2019). [DVD] Blackboard. SketchUp video: Steel Frame Construction (Video 6). (2019). [video] Blackboard. Understand Building Construction. (2019). Light Gauge Steel Construction | Light Gauge Metal Framing | Steel Home. [online] Available at: http://www.understandconstruction.com/light-gauge-steel-construction.html [Accessed 11 Jan. 2019]. Understand Building Construction. (2019). Steel Frame Structures | Steel Framing | Steel Structures. [online] Available at: http://www.understandconstruction.com/steelframe-structures.html [Accessed 4 Jan. 2019].
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Peckham Library
ARC 2010
Peckham, London, England Will Alsop
Architecture Technology 2.2
Energy Efficient Construction
Fig. 1 - Parti Plan Diagram
Fig. 2 - Parti Sectional Diagram
UNI ID: 170738042 ARC2009 / ARC2010 Semester 2 assignment 2019
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Fig. 3 - Site Plan
Fig. 3.1 - Route from Bus station to Libreary
Fig. 4 - Site section
The Peckham Library is located in the town centre, not far away from a large land of residential housing. The project is in the urban regeneration project with the new build residential houseing nearby. It’s a nearby Bus terminal (Fig. 3.1) and close to the main street where the shops and restaurants are. Also it is the highest building in Peckham, stand out in the area and became a landmark.(Fig. 4) Plenty of vegetation planted around the building.
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Fig. 5.1 - 1st Floor Plans
Fig. 5.3 - 4th Floor Plans
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Fig. 5.2 - 2nd & 3rd Floor Plans 1. Public Square 4. Children’s Library 7. Pod/Reading Area
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Fig. 7 - Front courtyard and entrance
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Fig. 5.4 - 5th Floor Plans
2. Lobby & Information Area 5. Main Library 8. Pod/Literature Room
Fig. 6 - Key Section
Fig. 8 - Main library space
3. Media Centre (2/F) 6. Pod/Children Room 9. Office Floor (3/F)
Fig. 9 - Massing Diagram
Fig. 10 - Plan to Section diagram
Fig. 11 - Subtractive Section
Fig. 12 - Symmetry & Balance
Peckham is a poor region in south east London, people suffered from high unemployment rate. Crimes and violences are a usuall sight in this region. There are many ethnic minorities living here. Alsop the architect want it to be a community building for the people who live here. Bringing all the people together as a community, without segregation. He designed a main library space which is the cantilever part of the building. This allow to create a larger public space beneath the cantilever. Providing a communal space as in the concept for bringing people together. (Fig 15.1) There are three pods which serves a different purpose, Two of pods (right & left) penetrated through the roof and capturing the natural light from the window celing. Except the middle pod opens to the clerestory (Fig. 15.5), using it to bring natural light to the pod and the main library as well. The pod provide a secure feeling as user will be surrounded in a enclosed space (Fig. 15.4) and small openings. Act as a shelter from the outside world which is full of violence and danger.
1/F
2/F-3/F
Fig. 13 - Circulation To Use Diagram
4/F
Fig. 14 - Hierarchy Diagram
Fig. 15.1 - Side section
Fig. 15.2 - Pod plans
Fig. 15.3 - Pod section
Fig. 15.4 - Front facing pod section
Fig. 15.5 - Section light diagram
5/F
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Alsop has mentioned about the reasons for the bright colour on the buildings. In london, the winter days are quite grey and unenergetic. Where he thinks using bright colour can provide a slash of colour for the city. with the orange beret (Fig. 18.1, Fig. 19) on top, it became a beacon and landmark in Peckham. The Front and side facade are made of pre-patinatede copper cladding. When take a closer look, there are some irregular line cut across the horizontal cladding (Fig. 18.2). These lines are trying to match the form of the support steel beam (Fig. 18.1). Generating a consistent design style.
Fig. 18.1 - Front facade light beam formation
Fig. 18.2 - Side facade cladding pattern
Fig. 18.3 - Back facade colour tinted window
Fig. 18.4 -Stainless steel mesh penal facade
For the back facade windows (Fig. 18.3), the colour represent different communities in this district and the emotions. Bringing joy and positivity to people and also challenge the tradition of how we think of the library should be like. As a serious enviornment. The coloured window brings a fresh feeling for library designs and very playful. Underneath the cantilever structure, there are a exterior facade constructed with stainless steel mesh panel (Fig. 18.4). With angular and zig-zag form. Contrasting the simple geometry the ‘L� shape of the main building.
Fig. 16 - Parti Diagram
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Fig. 17 - Geometry Diagram
Fig. 19 - Unit to Whole Diagram
Fig. 20 - Repetitive Diagram
In the design, having the whole floor as the main library for public to read and study. Also, since the remaining space has designed for a children’s library on the same floor. They came up with an idea of the pod system, settle on the floor. However this will add more load for the cantilever structure to hold. The material will be one of the important factor. The pod used timber framed microlam for the material choice, instead of the sprayed concrete and composite plastic. Due to more budget friendly and minimise the manufacture process and the load on the cantilever structure The form is to charllenege the traditional library designs and view, as a serious enviornment . For instance, the placement of the supporting Concrete filled steel beam are very random and not in an upright position.
Fig. 22.1 - Load bearing structure
Fig. 22.2- Pod section
As a supporting beam should be as perpendicular as possible for maximum support, as well as affecting the interior space. But from the plan view. The contact point of the beam change from random to in line position when it touched the fourth floor. It is very amazing that the structure became uniform and not ruining the space for the main library.
Fig. 21.1 - Beams in main library floor (up)
Fig. 22.3 - G/F - 4/F Floor plan
Fig. 21.2 - pod in main library floor (right)
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Access to and use of buildings - Approved Document M Volume 2 section 2 - Accessible entrances The building structure has a long span cantilever, providing large area of weather protection for people who are accessing the building (Fig. 24.3) and using the access route (Fig. 24.1). According to the design consideration 2.6 (Fig. 23.2), exterior across the threshold should provide weather protection. Also the entrance of the library is easily recognisable. There are openings on the exterior facade connect to th entrance, following design consideration 2.5. There are two main entrance and a distint route for staffs working in the office and library. Satisfied the provision 2.7-J (Fig. 23.3), provide as an alternative accessible entrance. section 3 - Horizonal and Vertical Circuilation The requirement for a passenger lift is having sufficient space and time for both wheelchair user and other people enter and leave a passenger lift (Fig. 25.2). There are two lift located in the centre of the library. Which both lift are larger than the standard requiremet(Fig. 25.4). Provide easier access for wheelchair users.
Fig. 24.1 - Design for pedestrian access Fig. 24.3 - ARC2009 Focus Illustrations
section 5 - Sanitary Accommodation The toilet accommodate in the middle on the main library (4/F). which is right around the left hand corner exit from the lift. This design are very user friendly and satisfied the requirement (Fig. 26). On 4/F the route for access are enowheelchair accessible toilet. One placed where they need to pass through the gate from the library. However the door for the toilet didnt reach the requirement (Fig. 26.1). The wheelchair accessible toilet (FIg. 26.2) is 1m where the standard needs to be 1.5m. Fig. 24.2 - Circular movement
Fig. 23.1-Extract from Approved Document M
Fig. 23.2-Extract from Approved Document M
Fig. 23.3 Provision 2.7 extract from approved document M
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Fig. 24.4 - Peckham platform as the entrance for the pedestrian access
Fig. 24.5 View from Library entrance
Fig. 25.2 - Extract from section 3 in Approved Document M Volume 2 Fig. 26.1 - Extract from section 5 in Approved Document M Volume 2
Lift car -1800mm x 1600mm Width x Depth Lift Door - 850mm
Fig. 26 .2- dimension for wheelchair toilet
Fig. 25.3 - Lift car dimension
Fig. 25.4 - Extract from section 3 in Approved Document M Volume 2 Fig. 25.1 - Building’s circulation Fig. 26 - Extract from section 5 in Approved Document M Volume 2
Fig. 26 - 4/F & 5/F Floor plan
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The main vertical part of the building supported by a concrete frame combine with side walls and column (Fig. 28.3). This structure create a large volume of space and a long straight plan. Create high flexibility and constructability. The cantilever use a long span steel trusses (Fig. 28.4), designed for handling the tension and compression. As so, the cantilever structure is connected to the concrete structure. A set of seven inclinded concrete filled still beam rise from the ground supporting the cantilever block. Connect with the main library floor and the roof structure. These structure is to minimise the load from the trusses. As well as, there will be three pods standing on the cantilever strucutre.
Fig. 28.1 - Material Usage
Fig. 28.2 - Facade explode diagram
The sloped steel beams are the main focus of the building. Traditionally primary structure appear in more orthogonally and tertiary structure can be more expressive and complex. In Peckham Library, the inclined steel beam serve a primary strucutre role yet a more expressive. Creating informality quality. In the main library space, the beam contrasting the formality and the box like rectangular space along with three pods. And due to their size compare to the mass of the main building and the dark colour, people wont realize the structrure from a long distance. Fig. 28.3 - Concrete Wall (orange) and Column (yellow)
G/F Fig. 27 - Structure Diagram
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2/F-3/F
4/F
Fig. 28.4 - Long span steel trusts
5/F Fig. 28.5 - Window facade structure
Fig. 28.6 - Structure exposed through window
The overall form of the library presents a long horizontal volume. Where the building can be read as combining two horizontal rectengular (Fig. 29(1). Through the plan, a vertical volume are presented as the identical space and volume laid on top of each floor (Fig. 29(2)). The extension part shown in (Fig. 29(3)) can trap the heat underneath to consume less energy for heating . The architect want to let as much sunlight as it can on the design, to lower the energy usage. The north facing facade are a massive curtain wall, ligth are flushing into the building. However, sunlight carry heat which will change the interior temperature and affect users. Window film are applied to the curtain wall (Fig. ), and the orange beret (Fig. 30.4) on the roof provide shades. Minimise the heat gain from sunlight. The library has no air-conditioning, relying on only natural ventilation and shadings. In order to be more efficient, using passive cooling for the , thus reducing the operating costs of the building. However there is still a built in mechanical extract vntilation (Fig. 30.2) for summer use. The library use a traditional water storage and boiler system (Fig. 31.1). It needs air vented enviornment which it exposed through the curtain wall (Fig. 31.2). It collect rain water from the rooftop (Fig. 31.3) and supply fo toilet usage and internal heating in the main library.
Summer - Mid July 1200 noon
Winter - Mid December 1200 noon
Fig. 30.1, Fig. 30.2 The above has shown a significant difference in the duration ofHeatMap daylight. London
However, the building is not fully rely on sunlight. In winter days there will be less sunlight. Therefore the building installed 300 light bulb. According the statistics from the government (Fig. 30.2), the library is in the higest energy usage zone. Which has contradicted the initial concept. Fig. 30.3 - Energy distribution heat map April 29, 2019
0 0
0.15 0.275
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Š Crown Copyright and database right 2015. Ordnance Survey 100032216
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Fig. 30.4 - Natural Sunlight
Fig. 30.5 - Artificial lightings in main library
Fig.29 - Volumetric disection diagram
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TECU Patina Thickness: 1.5 mm The Copper cladding is Sheet size: 1000x3000(max) recyclable Single size Pre-Patina Copper cladding Fig. 32.1lightweight copper cladding
Fig. 30.1 - Cross ventilated diagram
Fig. 30.3 - Concrete frame behind cutain wall
Thickness: U-value: Solar Transmittance: Visible Light Transmittance: Solar aborptance:
Fig. 30.2 - Mechanical extract ventilation
The Concrete frame structure (Fig. 30.3) is exposed because of ventilation which concrete has high thermal mass. It is a good heat absorber, which can prevent the heat gain from insufficient ventilation. Also 22 windows are installed on the curtain wall. As library is a public space with many people sharing, to prevent from getting stuffy inside.
3 mm/film 5.76 W/m2-K 63% Two films are between two low-e panel, 78% which can cut heat loss 31% through window.
Fig. 32.2 Vanceva Interlayer Colours Window Film Fig. 33- U - VALUE
Plaster partition 100mm Cavity 250mm
Copper Cladding 1.5mm
Fig. 31.3 - Exposed concrete column Fig. 31.1 - Environmental Design Illustrations Fig. 31.2 - Environmental Design Illustrations
Fig. 31.3 - Drainage on rooftop
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Walls of the library are maximise for ventilation, therefore there are no enclosed wall structure that is connected both interior and exterior.
Extract from Conventions for U-value calculations document BR_443_ (2006_Edition)
BOOK
Picture
Charleson, Andrew. Structure as Architecture : A Source Book for Architects and Structural Engineers. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2015. Print.
Fig. 7 https://www.southwark.gov.uk/_images/pageside/1506/Peckham%20Library.jpg
Archello. (2019). PECKHAM LIBRARY | By Will Alsop, Adams Kara Taylor, London Borough of Southwark | Archello. [online] Available at: https://archello. com/project/peckham-library#stories [Accessed 29 Apr. 2019].
Fig. 8 http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-6_xGZuEeftM/Uxn7pWbtwdI/AAAAAAAANg0/ VN9ppDi3TXs/s1600/P1020588.JPG
Eumiesaward.com. (2019). EUMiesAward. [online] Available at: https:// eumiesaward.com/work/858 [Accessed 29 Apr. 2019].
Fig. 21.1 https://archello.com/attachment/story/downloadimage?id=17770&category=photos-videos&position=1
RIBA Journal, Volume 109. (2002). RIBA, pp.P. 30-32. Waite, R., Jessel, E., Richard Waite, Rob Wilson and Williams, F. (2019). Peckham rise: Peckham Library by Alsop & Stรถrmer. [online] Architects Journal. Available at: https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/buildings/peckham-rise-peckhamlibrary-by-alsop-and-strmer/8653482.article [Accessed 29 Apr. 2019].
Fig.21.2 https://archello.com/attachment/story/downloadimage?id=17770&category=photos-videos&position=3 Fig.24.4 https://i2.wp.com/www.southwarknews.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ Benedict-OLooney31.jpg?fit=900%2C504&ssl=1 Fig. 24.3 http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_1DLs43-04uU/TNmrqVLq3vI/AAAAAAAAAEA/ SHHuwKyIupI/s1600/DSCN2108.JPG Fig. 24.5 http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hjwBz-WguAc/Tq8BF4gUfXI/AAAAAAAAAFI/ XiVNgnbaKUY/s1600/DSC_0417.JPG Fig. 28.6 & Fig. 31.2 (modified) https://www.vanceva.com/sites/default/files/Peckham%20Library%20London%20 UK%202.jpg
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Charrette Week This charrette was about apocalypse, imagine ourselves where will we go and continue our life after an apocalypse happened. In our group, we chose zombies apocalypse to be our theme. Right after the outbreak of zombies, on our way to finding a new safe place. We must build a shelter to survive in the forest, in order to protect ourselves. It is very interesting to build an actual 1 to 1 size shelter. In my previous work, I worked on a small scale shelter, so it is quite an experience to actually build a shelter which can fit a person in it. It is very immersive and so much effort was put in it. Thinking it as real situation that we were facing.
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During the building process, so much lifelong skills can be learnt from it. For instant, how to tie a tight not, what is the best and stable shape for standing somthing in upright position. Furthermore, this will be exhibited at the end. Planning the exhibitioin space is another techniques to learn about. How to present somthing using good lighting and utilize the enviornment that was given to us.
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Reflection
In stage two, I acknowledge that i still have much more space to improve. But i believe the more mistakes i made, the more knowledge I got. Although i might not be very successful, but i truely understand more what i shoud do to improve. Such as the way of thinking and different kind of presentation skills. From this year, what I can tak from is think more about the materiality and presentatino skills.
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