Hizkia Widyanto Portfolio by PDF Uploads

ACADEMIC PORTFOLIO

ARC8052

NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY 160733590

2020/2021

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION: EDGE CONDITION

RECALLING

PROTAGONIST

SITE EXPLORATION

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

PRECEDENT STUDIES

PLAN AND MASSING DEVELOPMENT

MATERIAL EXPLORATION

FINAL DESIGN

FINAL DRAFT PLAN

MARKET

HOUSING & COUNCELING CENTRE

CRITICAL REFLECTION

[GC 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.1 - 3.2 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 6.3 - 7.1 - 7.2 -7.3]

Within the studio of ‘Edge Condition’ we reflected on the definition, types, and different conditions of edge. The discussion of edge however, is very subjective but I have come to conclusion that edge conditions would typically be in contrast with what is common, in other words ‘minority’. This does not necessarily confer a disadvantage, but in most cases, when a site has been designated as an ‘edge’, it attracts negative implications. I came across with the theme about immigrants after my visit to Leith whilst initially researching about the historical and social context of the site. Immigrant communities in Scotland have roots dating back to World Wars 1 and 2 due to displaced civilians looking for refuge in Scotland. People were forced to relocate to the edge of the city (Leith included as one of the option) in search of affordable accommodation and living expenses. As the number of settlers increased, whole communities developed, with each group supporting their successors in adjusting to life in a new country. This has been established as an informal tradition within immigrant communities. However, they are not exempt from discrimination or acts of racism, due to fears of the locals regarding job opportunities. So in My first semester I decide to look on how to intervene and plan new vibrant public space in Leith walk that encourages activity, interaction and dynamic inter-connection between different communities. Moving forward into the 2nd semester, I studied in more detail the different groups of people within the immigrant community to select a protagonist for my project. In particular, asylum seekers came into the forefront when I had a conversation with a friend working in mental health support services for such people. Doing further research into UNHCR (The UN Refugee Agency Global) I came across information on the processes involved in how the UK receives asylum seekers from turbulent countries like Syrian, Ethiopia and Palestine. Of note, the process is heavily dependent on UK residents opening their homes to accommodate such asylum seekers, and this understandably proves to be unreliable, especially in light of the current pandemic I therefore saw an opportunity to target my project towards the establishment of a multi-purpose building to accommodate basic needs of incoming asylum seekers/refugees in Scotland, such as housing, source of income/work, and support in adjusting to a new culture. Following on from the above, my intervention of choice is a market hall that will not only meet the needs of asylum seekers but also serve to benefit the local community. On a similar note, I have paid attention to the crucial need for a clear distinction between private and public programs, whilst balancing this against the intended proximity between housing/support facilities and the public market. Reflecting on the initial research conducted in semester one and the rejection of the plans to re-develop Leith Walk, I have been inspired to create a design that would fit into the existing typology of the site. I plan to achieve this by reclaiming materials from demolished buildings from semester one masterplan, to model the new facade in an effort to maintain My key influential architecture was to look at the Santa Catarina market, in Barcelona, as a programmatic and material inspiration. Their intrigued design to use a market hall as the structural centrepiece of their community will integrate well within the context of Leith , seeing that it already consists of various immigrant communities but lacks a ‘body’ that can consolidate the inherent differences. Another inspiration is taken from Alvaro Siza’s work, Carcaleiro foundation, onto his volumetric design, using materials that are locally available and allowing the structure to be as expressive as it is with minimal finishing.

INTRODUCTION.

[GC 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 6.3]

RECALLING At the start of semester 2, I have done an analysis in social and historical of Leith which I note that: - - -

Leith has one of the most mix-raced community in the area. from This is proven from analyzing the building programs around the area which as various type of shops, food, religious facilities. Leith is one of the most depraved area in Edinburgh which also a target for gentrification. This caus- ing numerous of redevelopment plan of Leith that has potentially push away the locals. Need for integrated green spaces within the neighborhood, access redevelopment, and housing.

2 1

3 7

7 4

1:1000 Masterplan - Roof Plan 0m

Based on the above considerations, I have developed a master plan to Intervene and planning new vibrant public space In leith walk that encourages activity, interaction, and dynamic inter-connection between different communities that initiating the activities of marketplace. This includes restoration of the previously demolished railway system to facilitate accessibility, provide allotment spaces, and reactivate the hub, which can be further achieved by introducing a temporary marketplace. These interventions are designed with the overall goal of reactivate the neighborhood while preserving familiarity of the area within the existing landscape/context, and will be a foundation for the 2nd semester project

25m

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Leith Cultural Market hall Leith Cultural Performance Centre Affordable Housing / Social Housing Green House / Storage Tenement Social Housing / Crop Processing House Bin

[GC 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

PROTAGONIST Looking deeper from previous semester’s research, I interested to take a deeper look at Asylum seeker and refugees in Edinburgh. Scotland government is not foreign with refugees, instead they are providing support to the them directly or thorugh charity organisations. These asylum seekers will enter the country either directly or via intermediary countries, such as Indonesia. The latter is a commoner means of providing immediate support for asylum seekers. However, this creates other complications in that certain criteria must be fulfilled before they can be transferred to the UK.

Saheliya - Providing supports on mental health and well-being of BME, asylum seeker, refugee and migrant women and girls (12+) in the Edinburgh.

Edinburgh Collage - Offers a range of ESOL classes for work or further

Citizen Advise Edinburgh - gives free, confidential, impartial and independent information and advice about money, benefits, immigration, employment, and legal rights & responsibilities. Shakti - Provides help for black minority ethnic (BME) women, children and young people who are experiencing, or who have experienced, domestic abuse.

LINKnet Mentoring - Provides free English classes for minority ethnic people looking for jobs, further and higher education opportunities or wanting to develop knowledge and skills.

The Welcoming - Supporting migrants and refugees in Edinburgh byoffering free classes and activities including opportunities to learn English.

In Edinburgh alone, there is a lot of organisation and communities that willing to provide guidance / support to the asylum seekers. But, in term of housing solution, most cases in Scotland are stil depend on local resident to opening their home to accomodate them. This inspire me to root my project designing market / housing / support centre. This will provide the supporting communities a place which different kind of support exist in the same place, whilst improving the economy power of Leith.

[GC 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

AGE: 20-35 YEARS OLD + FAMILY NEEDS : HOUSING JOB LANGUAGE SUPPORT WELL BEING SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION SUPPORT CHILDCARE

In most cases, people who are successfully granted refugee status are those who fall between the ages of 20-35 years old (working age), meet the minimum language criteria, and are socially capable of being integrated into the receiving communities. The above, however, does not limit entry to the individual as some applicants may also have dependents (such as a partner and/or children). Finally, even when refugee status is granted, problems arise from a social perspective as adjusting to a new environment and culture can be challenging. Therefore, plans must be in place to support these asylum seekers.

PRIVATE ACCESS

CARE CENTRE

HOUSING

(PRIVATE)

PRIVATE ACCESS

HIDDEN ACCESS BRIDGE

MARKET (PUBLIC)

MULTIPLE ENTRANCE (HIGH EXPOSURE)

Relation between program holds huge importance to prevent distruption, shaming, depression and security break.

Based on the program and initial massing, multiple entrace that can be arraged for certain program eiher from the street / bridge level.

Integrating vegetation in the desgin that will have positive impact on the asylum seeker (vegetation provides therapeutic elements) and remediating a formerly industrial site.

[GC 1.1 - 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.1 -3.2 - 3.3 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

The site can be easily accessed via public transport, including bus and trams. With regards to the latter, plans are in the pipeline to complete this within the year. Additionally, pedestrian and cycling routes are integrated into my design, connected to the bridge to further improve accessibility.

The current programme of buildings include food factories, a brewery and charity food banks. By incorporating a marketplace, a symbiotic relationship amongst the establishments is encouraged.

The site is receiving direct sunlight which therefore provides passive lighting, giving beneficial affect for counselling and childcare. The direction of wind in Edinburgh is predominantly westto-east, and this is accounted for by the existing bridge structure which facilitates its dispersion.

The existing current condition of the site are occupied with buildings with brick as the main typology. By reusing the ‘skin’ of former buildings to construct the proposed/new buildings, waste is reduced whilst promoting conformation of the new buildings to the current typology.

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT The design development is mainly accomplished through series of massing visualization and plan drawings to develop a comprehensive layout for each program.

[GC 4.1 - 4.2 - 7.1]

PRECEDENT STUDY - FUNDAÇÃO CARGALEIRO The work of Alvaro Soza teach me to understand how to design work ‘emerging’ volumes. Soza Explains that by introducing volumetries in a landscape, the elements start to create conversations with each others, the context, nature, through variable of scale. I brought this idea into my project that essentially the volumes represent each program (housing, care centre, and marketplace) that is designed to accommodate the protagonist. Source: http://www.alvaroleitesiza.com/fundacao-cargaleiro/

HOUSING

MARKET

PRECEDENT STUDY - SANTA CATERINA In barcelona there is market hall is intergrated in City planning as part of community hub. Looking at Santa Caterina, I learn that market place should have a very flexible open plan, and spacious feeling to contrast the busy crowd. Santa Caterina achieve this with a organic shaped roof, while I want to acchieve the similar qualities with skylight. Looking at this precedent also inspire me to use timber construction as the warm athmosphere fit for community drived space. Source: https://en.wikiarquitectura.com/building/santa-catarina-market/#mercado-santa-catarina-miralles-tagliabue-barcelo-

[GC 2.3 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 6.3]

MASSING PROPOSAL 1 The first proposal was drafted by studying the opportunities afforded by a landscape-approach design that has entrances at different levels. The massing introduced was directly pulled from the initial massing from semester 1.

Layered plan proposal 1 19

[GC 2.3 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

MASSING PROPOSAL 2 Instead of viewing the design as one large massing, I decide to divide the massing into smaller volume and create a series of monolith that can be accessed differently from outdoor / rooftop access or the market inside. In this stage I mainly experimenting with the volumes and to figure what kind of spatial quality it creates

Layered plan proposal 2 21

[GC 2.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

MASSING PROPOSAL 3 The next proposal focused on rationalizing the shapes with the existing geometry of the site to improve design coherence. Material and structural aspect of the design was started to developed.

Layered plan proposal 3 23

[GC 1.1 - 2.3 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 - 7.3]

Initial visualisation on the building from the street. This visualisation allow me to immidiately think about the size of my massing from street level, testing material ideas, and inspire me to keep a similar language design.

This view from the bridge shows the different sense of scale where from the street, the monolith could be overwhelming, while from the bridge allows people to get ‘close’ and turn changethe perception into more domesticated.

[GC 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 ]

MATERIAL EXPLORATION Taking into account the history of rejection of redevelopment plan the site, some consideration must be given to the choice of material for the building facade. I have selected bricks as the preferred material for the facade, considering also its value in the area of sustainability - these bricks can be reclaimed from the demolished buildings already in existence in the area

RECLAIMED BRICK Brick from the demolished buildings on the site.

RECLAIMED WOOD Gathered from trees that is currently growing on the former railway.

RECLAIMED METAL Structure material of the demoslished building.

Brick cladding

Outdoor timber flooring

Reused as Structure material for temporary marketplace on

[GC 1.1 - 2.3 - 3.3 - 6.3]

Normal Brick cladding

Perforated Brick Cladding

FACADE STUDIES I have selected bricks as the preferred material for the facade, considering also its value in the area of sustainability - these bricks can be reclaimed from the demolished buildings already in existence in the area. making models about for brick façade studies , and found that the use of perforated brick formation can provide cover while allowing visibility of the exterior from within the compound. By adding a hinge, manual control of exposure and sunlight intake is possible.

Exploration on the potential of perforated cladding From this material exploration I found that perforated brick design could be applied as a ‘screen’ on openings of private spaces for the users could decide the level of privacy that was needed from time to time.

FINAL DESIGN The design development is mainly accomplished through series of massing visualization and plan drawings to develop a comprehensive layout for each program.

[GC 1.1 - 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.1 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 4.3 - 5.1 -5.2 -5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

SITE AXONOMETRIC

1:500 SITE PLAN 0

10M

B’

A’

B’

A’

B’

A’

B’

A’

Foundation depiction [GC 1.1 - 2.1 - 2.3 - 3.1 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

THE MARKET A - A’ SECTION

The market is intentionally positioned to act as the front or the ‘face’ of the building, and can be approached from either bridge or street level. As the main/ key space of the building, the market is designed to be open with double high and large span space with the flexibility of light weight CLT structure for the stalls.

[GC 1.1 - 2.1 - 2.3 - 3.1 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

MARKET - PRIMARY STRUCTURE To accomplish, warm athmosphere through wood, I decide to use glulam as the primary structure for the market hall to maximize the span length whilst staying true to the expresive of the materiality.

MARKET - ACCESSIBILITY Fulfilling its purpose as the front face of the project, I designed the market to be open, easy to navigate, and straight forward circulation. In addition, Both bridge and street entrance is positioned at to be visible the moment entering the site from Leith walk.

[GC 1.1 - 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.3]

MARKET - EXPANSION Market’s function as community hub not only limited witihn the market but it could expand to outdoor spaces around it as well. In this drawing also showing the effectivity of perforated brick facade as a screen to provide more privady for counceling rooms

Added Inhabitation

MARKET HALL Fulfilling its purpose as the front face of the project, I designed the market to be open, easy to navigate, and straight forward circulation. In addition, Both bridge and street entrance is positioned at to be visible the moment entering the site from Leith walk.

[GC 1.1 - 2.3 - 2.3 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.1 -7.2 - 7.3]

HOUSING AND CARE CENTRE B - B’ SECTION

Housing and care centre is the program that specifically designed to give a temporary housing in the early months since their arrival in the UK while providing necessary support, which include child care, mental health support and teaching.

[GC 1.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.1 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

HOUSING - PRIMARY STRUCTURE The structural strategy for the housing and support centre iswith load bearing CLT panel combined and attached with brick cladding. The use of perforated bricks on the design is applied on the openings located at the ‘extruded’ and side facade. This is a integrated design that will give a seamless facade that has privacy function.

B D B C C C B A

A. B. C. D.

HOUSING - LAYOUT 4 different type of flat is introduced to accommodate potential vary group numbers. A - is designed for a single or young couple / whose come in pairs. B - is to accommodate a young family (parents and 2 children. C - is to accommodate a big family ( parents, 4 children / 2 children + grandparents). D - is designed for unusual case of senior citizen.

5 2 3 1

bedrooms shared flat – 1x bedrooms shared flat – 3x bedrooms shared flat – 3x bedroom flat – 1x

[GC 1.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

HOUSING - ACCESS / FIRE EXIT The housing main lobby is located on 1st floor, however there are secondary access to the housing, by lift from ground floor market, or from the roof garden, The primary staircase also put right in the centre of the building which easily accessible from all units allowing for fire excape to the roof garden or to the street.

ROOFTOP GARDEN Fulfilling its purpose as the front face of the project, I designed the market to be open, easy to navigate, and straight forward circulation. In addition, Both bridge and street entrance is positioned at to be visible the moment entering the site from Leith walk.

[GC 1.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

CARE CENTRE - ACCESS / FIRE EXIT The care centre is designed to be accesable from even floor: ground floor access (hidden), First floor entrance (side staircase), and 2nd floor (roof garden) which would not have any problem in fire escape as all exit immidiately lead the user to outdoor space. The childcare Only accessible from the side stairs / rear entrace to provide privacy and protection. In case of fire emergency, the distance from the indoor space to the safe place is still in the reccomended distance.

CARE CENTRE - PLANTS INTEGRATION The plants around the site is designed purposefully to placed to also give certain level of protection, cover, or healing purposes.

[GC 1.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 3.1 - 3.2 - 3.3 - 4.1 - 4.2 - 5.1 - 5.2 - 5.3 - 6.3 - 7.2 -7.3]

COUNCELING AND CARE CENTRE Fulfilling its purpose as the front face of the project, I designed the market to be open, easy to navigate, and straight forward circulation. In addition, Both bridge and street entrance is positioned at to be visible the moment entering the site from Leith walk.

This part of the building is chosen to be developed further to look at 1:20 scale is because it shows the relationship between public and private space, market and the roof garden, that also demonstrated transition from glulam columns and beams structure to CLT structure.

1:20 SECTION DETAIL 53

TECHNOLOGY PORTFOLIO

ARC8052

NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY 160733590

2020/2021

PRECEDENT STUDY

EDINBRUGH UNIVERSITY MAIN LIBRARY

Source: https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/competitions/competition-university-of-edinburgh-main-library

Edinburgh University main library was built in 1967 and become one of the most important modernist building. In this exercise, Me and Simon were asked to analise in 1:100 scale how the building operate in term of Structural, material, lightingm acoustic, service, construction, environment, and sustainability. Being built in 1967, the building does not meet some of the new requlation for new building such as insulation. So, I started to speculate on how the building will be built if it was designed in this post modern time.

Summer (July) : 53o

Winter (December) : 18o

Study space / oﬃce is placed at the edge to let the students get natural lights

Book racks placed deeper because sunlight is harmful on books and any other archive

The interior material was chosen to be able to reﬂect most natural light expecially during winter

Book racks placed deeper because sunlight is harmful on books and any other archive

Acous�c Ceiling Tiles

1:100 @A1

HVAC

SITE ANALYSIS

ACCESS - The site can be easily accessed via public transport, including bus and trams. With regards to the latter, plans are in the pipeline to complete this within the year. Additionally, pedestrian and cycling routes are integrated into my design, connected to the bridge to further improve accessibility.

ACOUSTIC - The position of the design site is will not be much affected by the noise from Leith walk. However, the interventing a market hall would potentially cause new noise source which should be addressed in relation with other programs. 60

SUN AND WIND - The site is receiving direct sunlight which therefore provides passive lighting, giving beneficial affect for counselling and childcare. The direction of wind in Edinburgh is predominantly west-to-east, and this is accounted for by the existing bridge structure which facilitates its dispersion.

SUSTAINABILITY - The existing current condition of the site are occupied with buildings with brick as the main typology. By reusing the ‘skin’ of former buildings to construct the proposed/new buildings, waste is reduced whilst promoting conformation of the new buildings to the current typology. 61

ENVIRONMENTAL NATURAL LIGHTING

1pm, 6th of June

1pm. 12 september

1pm, 25 December

The diagram above show how the building’s shadow within / outsite the site which allows me to think about the strategy on passive lighting that can be brought into the building.

In this section, it shows that with good amount of sky light openings, The market hall would be able to operate fully without artificial lighting during the summer.

ENVIRONMENTAL PASSIVE VENTILATION

Stack ventilation is utilised for the marketplace (ie: exhaust output from rooms attached to the market hall will funnel through it), whereas rooms in the housing/ accommodation section will employ single-sided ventilation (ie: exhaust output will funnel through the living area by means of a ceiling ventilation pipe)

ENVIRONMENTAL RAINWATER HARVESTING

Edinburgh, in average has 129 days of rain every year which I want to incoperate thourghout in my design. Rainfall is collected by gutters on the roof to be channeled into the rooftop garden, then redirected to the water tank below the housing scheme. After through layer of filters it could be redestributed for irrigation / toilet water.

ENVIRONMENTAL VEGETATION & CO2 EMISSION

CO2 CO2

CO2

SHADING – bring trees will give shading from sun and temporary coverage for activites that is held outside. Visual protection – arranging the view for the openings to be positioned at vegetation can give therapeutic elements that helps vulnerable people and children to be less tense. In addition, it helps to block the view from outside and increase privacy. Co2 remediation – with the history of the site that used to be an industrial site, introducing vegetation around the site will remediate the co2 emission from the existing building.

CO2

ACOUSTIC

Acoustic is an important aspect, particularly in light of the anticipated levels of noise generated from the market, and its potentially disruptive effect on private activitie. Moreover the characteristic with wooden flooring and structure is thumping vibration which can cause noise disdruption.

Rockwool Soundslab – would be used as insulation material to provide cushioning of air-borne sounds

Underfloor Acoustic Foam - to be used between load-bearing floor slabs and flooring to prevent vertical transmission of sound between levels

Source: https://www.rockwool.com/uk/ Source: https://www.provincialrubber. co.uk/product/acoustic-foam/acousticfoam-sheet-class-o-self-adhesive-black/

MATERIAL STUDIES

Taking into account the history of rejection of redevelopment plan the site, some consideration must be given to the choice of material for the building facade. I have selected bricks as the preferred material for the facade, considering also its value in the area of sustainability - these bricks can be reclaimed from the demolished buildings already in existence in the area

RECLAIMED BRICK Brick from the demolished buildings on the site.

RECLAIMED WOOD Gathered from trees that is currently growing on the former railway.

RECLAIMED METAL Structure material of the demoslished building.

Brick cladding

Outdoor timber flooring

Reused as Structure material for temporary marketplace on

Normal Brick cladding

Perforated Brick Cladding

STRUCTURE

MARKET PLACE Primary: glulam column and beams secondary: CLT panel (base flooring)

HOUSING & CARE CENTRE Primary: CLT panels (wall) secondary: CLT panel (base flooring)

SECTION DETAIL 1:20

Metal Cap Soil Gutter damp proof membrane 2mm Rockwool soundslab Insulation 120mm 200mm CLT panel Rockwool soundslab Insulation 120mm Plasterboard 10mm

Double Glass Laminated Window Reclaimed timber Balcony’s Gutter Screed 50mm

Wooden Flooring Underfloor acoustic foam 50mm screed 50mm 200mm CLT Reclaimed Brick Cladding

INTEGRATED SECTION 1:100