ZHOU Lorens_Vanishing Fragments by RMIT Landscape Architecture

Vanishing Fragments A spatial pattern placement practice along the Indian Ocean Drive within the Greenhead coastal dune area for local tourism and beekeeping industries.

Executive producer: Lorens Zhou

Main role - Bee - Flora - Sand dune Supporting role - Wind - Lagoon - Pattern maker Guest apprearance - Ash (tourist) - Lorens (APIARIST) -

BEFORE THE SCENE

Project Research question: How can a pattern-based approach to ecosystem intervene coastal dune migration and restore rare dune floras?

- Acknowledgment This project wouldn’t have been possible without the time and energy contributed by individuals in helping me. Firstly to Jessica Stewart & Elise Northover for patiently providing feedback and advice on my work and always being there if I needed help. To Ashton Prasad for discussing with my project orientation and feedback supportively. To Huahuan Fan & Tina(Taiyun Chen) for providing me suggestions and potentially related precedents. To Xuanyao Li for supporting and encouraging me to finish my work, especially during this challenging global pandemic. To Daniel Ichallalene for providing me with the model suggestion. To Danny Kwak for encouraging me to think of more creative ideas. To Joeseph Diaz for taking care of my whole project progress. Thanks to Josefine Bruch and Michael Freeman, who made reports about the Western Australia dune conditions and their impacts, which gives me huge help with data collection and site inspiration. It is pretty frustrating that I didn’t get time to go to the project site during this COVID pandemic, but the project is successfully completed with those tons of help.

- Abstract The coastal dune area from Perth to Geraldton has highly dynamic ecosystem patterns, including the dune migration pattern, the seasonal interdunal lagoon evaporation pattern, and the seasonal apiculture pattern. The dunal site along the Indian Ocean Drive in the Greenhead town is also a significant link between the Lesueur National park, the town of Greenhead and Beekeeper’s natural reserve. With climate change, the climate and wind pattern has hastened the sand migration rate in the site, which may result in local vegetation and habitat loss. Consequently, local apiarists are concerned about the habitat condition of rare flora. This project implements a strategic beehive placement to stabilize dune migration, create new sand waves for restoring vegetation, and propose a half-hour scenic drive for tourism, including five lookout nodes on the way. Tourists can have different experience in each lookout about tasting honey, viewing incredible sand & water, chilling in the town & beach road. The integration of all the dynamic patterns produces the beehive placement, revealing the ecological patterns visible in Landscape architecture. Each landscape process is the key to unpack its visible and invisible patterns. The intervention designed by the interaction of the process patterns can make sense to the main shifting process. A way of implementing environmental patterns interacting with the ecological flows is my extensive exploration.

- THE FILM -

- Sponsors -

Tourism Waetern Australia

Dune migration stablization

- PERFORMANCE LIST -

- Stakeholders -

Hoey for life company

Apiarist

Vegetation restoration

Tourist

Tourism

Local resident

Shire of coorow

Beekeeping Industry

Honey for life company has the beekeeping license on the site and sponsor the producer to protect the local vegetation.

Before the scene -Acknowledgment -Abstract

Parks and Wildlife service

Wetland management

Scene 1: Dynamic sand dunes Action 1.1 - Dynamic current pattern Action 1.2 - Perth basin sedimentation Action 1.3 - Narratives on migration pattern Action 1.4 - Narrative on pattern Action 1.5 - Narrative on dynamic ecosystem Action 1.6 - Vanishing projection

8 9 12 14 18 22 24

Scene 2: The succession conflicts Action 2.1 - Mobility within the region Action 2.2 - The process of the dune Action 2.3 - Projective geohazard Action 2.4 - Seasonal evaporative interdunal lagoon

30 32 34 36 38

Scene 3: Intervention strategies Action 3.1 - Projective activity calendar Action 3.2 - Design methodology Action 3.3 - Dune technical formation Action 3.4 - Sand pile regeneration Action 3.5 - Technical flow

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Scene 4: Seasonal scenic drive - (Climax) Action 4.1 - Overall projective - Be the wave Action 4.2 - Sand view lookout node Action 4.3 - Water view lookout node Action 4.4 - Honey tasting lookout node Action 4.5 - The feature lookout node Action 4.6 - Leisure destination lookout node

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Scene 5: Tourist map

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Behind the scenes: Appendix 6.1 - Precedent project 6.2 - Conclusion & Reflection 6.3 - Bibliography

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This relationship diagram is intended to clarify the importance of the film.

SCENE 1- Dynamic sand dunes

ACTION 1.1 - Dynamic current pattern

The coastal dune area from Perth to Geraldton has highly dynamic ecosystem patterns, including the dune migration pattern, the seasonal interdunal lagoon evaporation pattern, and the seasonal apiculture pattern.

WIND (Moving faster and faster) Running over Western Australia

SAND Say to Wind “ I have to move northly faster and faster because of ya wind push me harder and harder! ” ( hanging around in the beautiful Green head town, look at dear Flora) Say “Dear Flora, don’t blame me for leaving you alone.”

WIND Say “ I’m so sorry, but its not my fault. With the increasing climate change, That Western Australian current carries more heat than before, which gives pressure on everything he touches including me & you.”

“Climate change spurs global sppedup of ocean currents, -Rising winds boost flows in tropics and Southern Ocean”. ( Science, Paul Voosen)

ACTION 1.2 - Perth basin sedimentation

SAND Say “ I was pushed away from my ocean, and now i’m gonna move away from her further and further ” ( staring at the waves sadly)

Perth basin, Western Australian

From Perth to Geraldton

ACTION 1.3 - Narrative on migration pattern

SAND (Traveling within Green Head)

WIND Shaking in the dryland without Sand’s embrance

Fig 1. Indian Ocean Drive

APIARIST Say “ The floras in Beekeepers reserve are the incredible resource for bees, I’m quite concern about their habitat since those dunes are migrating faster each year.”

PATTERN MAKER Say “Every inch the sand moves will draw a impact for local patch of the habitat. But don’t worry, each movement has its own cause and pattern. If it can move forward, we can draw it back.”

Indian Ocean drive Major dune groups Major seaports Major beekeeping regions Density of inhabitants State seaonal apiculture pattrtn Major beekeeping region Town/ City Dune Migration Honey imports/exports route River

Pattern maker

ACTION 1.4 - Narrative on pattern

“ Landscape systems are almost all dynamic. Each landsape process has its own pattern and related implication.” Technical support The movement over geometric pattern

Gyorgy Kepes "We lack a visual vocabulary of change"

Bateson scholar Peter

Dot

Line

Surface

Patch

Migration

New/Left region

Edging

Dot

The cause of migration

Gyorgy Kepes

Affect

Fig 2. Bridght Riley, While Disks,1964

Fig 3. Emma McNally, 2009

The implication of migration

Implication

“Leading us away from the system of fixed things, and toward the system of spatio-temporal patterns, the newly revealed visible world brings us to the threshold of a new vision.”

Each dot has potential implication

“Patterns that arise through the collective actions of many individual entities and a multiplicity of their interactions.”

Ecological flow

Peter Corning

Potential flow

“Prime importance to have a conceptual system which will force us to see the ‘message’ as both itself internally patterned and itself a part of a larger patterned universe.”

Interactive impact

- Landscape pattern shifting process reveals the potential ecological effect and related ecological functions -

ACTION 1.5 - Narrative on dynamic ecosystem

- Ecosystem Flows Either the landscape system is tangible or intangible, the flow movement always exists and frequently interacts with other system.

Technical support

Nina-Marie Lister "Ecosystems dynamics are the normal pattern of observed changes to prevailing ecosystem conditions, functions, and their related ecological structures."

Fig.6 Bernard Tschumi Architects,1999

Ecosystem flow movement under the principle - Overlaps, adjacencies, juxtapositions Edited and extended from Richard Forman

ACTION 1.6 - Vanishing projection

SAND

( Griefing) Say “ Some of my little brothers are suffering a lot, I’m afraid that they’ll leave me soon. Our body shape has changed a lot these years and lost quite a lot families on the way moving north.”

Fig.7 Green Head dune

- Shifting major dune regions land patch -

- Decreasing dune size -

SCENE 2 - The succession conflicts

LOCAL APIARIST Say “ I’m concerning about the vegetation habitats, especially those rare floras.”

Fig.8 Honey for life beekeepers in Green Head

ACTION 2.1 - Mobility within the region - Apiculture seasonal patterns Green Head town

The dunal site along the Indian Ocean Drive in the Greenhead town is a significant link between the Lesueur National park, the town of Greenhead and Beekeeper’s natural reserve.

Indian Ocean drive Apiculture route

Geraldton

Townsite (Beekeeper accommodation) Major beehive placement region Lesueur National Park Green Head

Beekeeper’s Nature Reserve Heavy woodland Bushland Nomanic grassland

Perth

Sandy land

ACTION 2.2 - The process of the dune

First Berm

Fore-

SAND Say “ This is how I grow from the ocean, but with my current migration rate, my dear Flora may not be able to grow with my help before I left.”

Cliffed fore-

FLORA

Bushland

Say” Ye Mr Sand, I don’t have enough time to grow enough before you go.”

Heavy woodland

ForeSecond

Before climate Berm

ForeSwale

Parallel Swale

ising

wind f l ow s

Sandy land

Nomaic grassland

Coastal dune succession

ACTION 2.3 - Projective geohazard - Conflicts between dust migration & public access among geohazard over roads and facilities -

Fig.9 Green Head white dune

Green Head townsite Perth basin dunal plain Major sand dunes land degradation (High negative) Conflict area with Indian Ocean drive (High negative) Conflict area with Indian Ocean drive (Medium negative) Prevailing wind Historical Major dune migration diirection Projection Major dune migration diirection

Indian Ocean drive

land degradation (Medium negative)

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov Summer

Jan

Spring

Rainfall (mm)

Winter

ACTION 2.4 - Seasonal evaporative interdunal lagoon

Temperature -MAX-MIN (°C)

fig.10 Shallow evaporative elongated lagoonal playa

Spring & Autumn water level Winter water level

The highest water level in spring & autumn is similar because of their similar rainfall and temperature.

Summer water leverl

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SCENE 3 - Intervention Strategies

ACTION 3.1 - Projective activity calender

SAND

Say “ I love beehives. I feel like I’ve been slown down.”

FLORA

Say” Mr.sand! It’s so exciting that I can be most possibly grow in your pile with bees’ help!.”

APIARIST Say” We can harvest beehives on Feb to May and reset them on Aug to Nov, It’s nice we can leave those wooden hive stands there,. We only have to take hives out on our trailer.”

ASH (TOURIST) Say: Honey is my favorite, It is amazing that I can have some taste with the tools hanging in lookout. Also, Every year i drove on Indian Ocean drive, the scenery is kinda different, how is that possible.”

ACTION 3.2 - Design methodology

PATTERN MAKER

(All cheering up)

Say “ All patterns within all the processes are being considered.”

SAND Say “ My migration pattern”

FLORA Say” My succession pattern & texture patch.”

APIARIST Say” My seasonal apicultural pattern.”

ASH (TOURIST) Say: “My road view pattern would be so interesting if it is different along each lokout.”

ACTION 3.3 - Dune technical formation - Moving sandpile -

Sand Say “ With those beehives, I can be accumulated to smaller sandpiles where Dear Flora can have more chance to grow there.”

ACTION 3.4 - Sand pile regeneration

Wind

Su sp en sio n

- model of the diversion -

Saltation

Creep

ACTION 3.5 - Technical flow - model of the diversion -

Flora Say “ With a bit sacrifice, we can make bigger progress.”

SCENE 4 -- (Climax) - Seasonal scenic drive

ACTION 4.1 - Overall projective - The half hour drive - Five lookout nodes -

-Be the wave-

ASH (TOURIST) Say: “Every three month I’ll go to Geraldton from Perth, usually I’’ go through Midlands Road. Since the different scenic lookouts along Indian Ocean drive built, why not go this way with seeing those Incredible flora waves.”

The main pattern extracted from the process is different depending on the main function of each lookout.

ACTION 4.2 - Sand view lookout node

SAND Say: “Averagly I migrate 10m per year, It would be nice if people can notice that I’m moving forward.” Again,“My dear Flora can grow in my piles mostly in uphills.”

Beehive placement location Projection vegetation region (Stage 4) Projection vegetation region (Stage 3) Projection vegetation region (Stage 2) Projection vegetation region (Stage 1) Major existing vegetation texture Lagoon Projective road Lookout space Sand pile Wooden Frame Car parking

- Incredible major dune region -

- Beehive intervention -

- Sand migration pattern & veg succession -

- The hive & The frame -

ACTION 4.2 - Water view lookout node

Lagoon (Cheerfully) Say “ I can reach the wooden plank platform when it’s winter. In other seasons, the platform supports can help me mitigate the sand sedimentation.”

- Seasonal shallow lagoon -

- Access to the water! -

- Road view pattern interaction -

- Access & Veg succession -

- The frame, hive & platform -

ACTION 4.3 - Honey tasting lookout node

ASH

Say “ How can it possible that i can access to those tools and have the experience to get the honey by myself, I can walk along the road to the lagoon and walk back to my car with hand of honey.”

- Best beekeeping spot -

- Central honey tasting access -

- Apicultural pattern interaction -

- The frame & The access -

- Design tecnical -

- The platform & beekeeping tool storing frame-

CUT-IN 4.4 - Facility equipments

ACTION 4.4 - The feature entry - Water & sand - Feature the spot -

ASH

Say “ Everytime I drive across that wooden frame, I know I reached the wildflower Safari.”

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- Water & sand -

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- Veg texture pattern & the road view -

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- Hive wave & crossroad frame -

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- The terrain -

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ACTION 4.5 - Leisure destination -

Ash

( Finally reach the town) Say “ It is nice to have all the parking along the way. After having a walk in each lookout, I can have a nice sleep in the town.”

Beach / Bay Green Head golf court Vegetaion texture pattern Townhouse

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- The town with sand, water & flora -

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- Land use & human use pattern -

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- The finalwave to the town -

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- The wave, the frame & amenities -

A-A 1:1000

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ACTION 4.6 - Tourist map

Sand view lookout

Water view lookout

Lesueur National Park

Honey tasting lookout

Interdunal lagoon Indian Ocean

Feature entry lookout

Major dune region Beach road Indian Ocean drive Driving lane Projective hiking trail Seasonal recommended visiting lookout Townsite ( Accommodation) Car park

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- Precedent Project Projective ARCTIC FISHING ROUTE Analysising the multiple layers of landscape patterns

AFTER THE SCENE 5

SITE- Arctic CLIENT- arctic fishing industrial PROJECT AIM- Exploring the dynamic change to predict and analysis the best fishing route To refine a eco- friendly route where theres less impact and contact on algaes, plankton and local fishing industrial chain DESIGN TECHNIQUE:- measurement as device - To avoid the current local ecosystem and vegetation flows

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- BIBLIOGRAPHY - Conclusion & Reflection -

Book

Simon, B 2012, Landscape: Pattern, perception and process, 2nd edn, Routledge Patricia, B 2008,The Senses and Society, Routledge Magnani, L 2014, Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology, Italy Sylvia, C &Mary, M 1988, The Pattern of Landscape, UK Siegmar, W 2008, Arid Dune Ecosystems, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg Karen, M &Keith V 2017, Dynamic Patterns, Routledge, New York Chris, R& Nina, L 2013, Projective Ecologies, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, New York

The pattern exacted from the landscape process can locate and impact the placement. Each patch or dot can be part of the pattern or itself can be the interactive landscape element within the system flow.

Thesis

Santoro, M 2012, “What has happened to coastal dunes in the last half century? A multitemporal coastal landscape analysis in Central Italy”, Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 119 No. 2013, Pp 54-63. C.E.V. Vaz & M.G.C. Celani, ‘A Pattern Language for Roberto Burle Marx Landscape Design’, Journal of Model-Based Reasoning in Science & Technology, SCI 314, pp. 207–219. Jochen A.G. Jaeger 2000,’Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mesh size: new measures of landscape fragmentation’, Journal of Landscape Ecology, pp 115-130. Akinbileje, T.Y. 2014, ‘Symbolic values of clothing and textiles art in traditional and contemporary Africa’, International Journal of Development and Sustainability, Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 626-641.

Every pattern has interacted with other system flow. So when we apply to design in the site, our position and desire on the implementation also will reveal the related potential pattern. For example, when you create a road view, the view direction pattern from the car is vertical with the road. So when we are directing ourselves in other designing parts, we should consider the implication of road view pattern.

Report

Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum 2017, Migration of limesand dunes in Western Australia and their impacts, Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum, WA JRC 2009, Measuring and reporting on forest landscape pattern, fragmentation and connectivity in Europe: methods and indicators, JRC European Commission, Italy Australian Government Department of environment and energy 2017, Celebrating Australia’s Migratory Waterbirds and their habitats, WA UNEP 2018, Global survey of honeybees and other pollinators, Canada

The landscape is also the design for people and experience. Before the mid-semester, I focused on too much ecology and dune technique. It would be nice to think about the design all the way, integrating all the interactive elements.

Essay and Lecture

Bradley, C 2018, ‘Responsive Landscape- Intelligent Wilds’, lecture notes, The center for Landscape Architecture, Washington, DC

Website

This beehive placement can be a powerful idea applying in this Perth basin dune plain.

Betsy, M 2016,’New Map Shows Where Earth Has Gained and Lost Land’, Journal of National Geographic, Viewed 14 Aug 2020, <https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2016/09/water-land-sea-levels-shift-map/>. Paul, V 2020,’ Climate change spurs global speedup of ocean currents’, Journal of Science, Viewed 1 Sep 2020, <https://www. sciencemagazinedigital.org/sciencemagazine/07_february_2020_Main/MobilePagedArticle.action?articleId=1559412# articleId1559412>. Megan, B 2015,’ Sand dunes are rich with animals and plants, and a vital part of our ecology’, Viewed 22 Jul 2020,<https:// www.smh.com.au/entertainment/sand-dunes-are-rich-with-animals-and-plants-and-a-vital-part-of-our-ecology-20151227 -glvblz.html>. James, C 2018,’ Western Australia’s changing coastline over 125,000 years revealed with new mapping’, Viewed 15 Sep 2020,< https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-10-07/wa-coastline-transformed-by-sea-levels-over-thousands-of-years/10338500 ?nw=0>. Irena, C etc 2019,’ A coast being slowly eaten by the ocean’, Viewed 1 Oct 2020,< https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-31 /erosion-washing-away-beaches-up-and-down-wa-coast/11359006?nw=0>.

Photos & Images

Fig 01__Bird Life Australia, Sanderling, Viewed 22 Sep,<https://birdlife.org.au/bird-profile/sanderling>. Fig 02__Kate, C 2013, Plovers go all out to protect young, Viewed 22 Sep,<https://www.theleader.com.au/story/1638764/ plovers-go-all-out-to-protect-young/>. Fig 03__Australian government Department of energy and environment 2017,Celebrating Australia’s Migratory Waterbirds and their habitats, Viewed 25 Aug,<https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/c1507b17-6f67-

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4522-9cf2-5ff52c91e863/files/celebrating-australias-migratory-waterbirds-and-their-habitats.pdf>. Fig 04, 05__JRC 2009, Measuring and reporting on forest landscape pattern, fragmentation and connectivity in Europe: methods and indicators, JRC European Commission, Italy Fig 06__2000, A Guide For Better Understanding Archaeology, Viewed 22 Aug 2020, <http://www.primaryresearch.org /PRTHB/Archaeology/book.php> Fig.07__ Setting Up A Geophysics Grid, Viewed 24 Aug 2020,<http://www.sussexarch.org.uk/geophys/geogrid.html> Fig.08__ C.A.R.T. Archaeology 2019,Mapping and Drawing, Viewd 22 Aug 2020, <https://cartarchaeology.wordpress.com /2019/03/05/mapping-and-drawing/> Fig.09.10__ Facebook Honey for life page, Viewed 2 Oct 2020,<https://www.facebook.com/honeyforlifeaus/>

LORENS ZHOU SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN RESEARCH PROJECT B JUNE 2021 TUTOR PROJECT A - Elise Northover PROJECT B - Jessica Stewart Lorens.zhou@outlook.com

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