GRADUATION PROJECT REPORT by Mohamed Rashed

MODERN SCIENCE & ARTS UNIVERSTY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING ARCHETECTURAL DEPARTMENT

GRADUATION PROJECT FINAL REPORT INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

MOHAMED RASHED MOHAMED 155009

THIS BOOK HAS BEEN DONE BY STUDENT: MOHAMED RASHED FOR THE GRADUATION PROJECT UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROFESSORS AND TEACHER ASSISTANTS AT MODERN SCIENCE AND ARTS UNIVERSITY IN THE FALL SEMESTER OF YEAR 2020/2021

UNDER SUPERVISION OF :

DR. SAMEH ELFEQY DR. OMAR FAWZY DR. RANIA EL MESSEIDY DR. RASHA SAYED

ARC. ALAA ADEL

ARC. BADR MOSTAFA ARC. RANA ADEL

ABSTRACT Automotive designing and Car spare parts is a world wide industry, and a process of developing the appearance, and to some extent the ergonomics to achieve an advanced level at the economic of a country by exporting multiple spare parts of different types of cars as Egypt is famous in this field. In addition, maintain, fixing and assembling vehicles which are imported to Egypt. Design roles are not associated with requirements for Professional or Chartered-Engineer qualifications. Automotive Industry is a process that starts of repairing and assembling to reach the production. 6th October City is a convenient place to start an Institute that is specialized in teaching body shaping, assembling, and repairing spare parts of cars. 6th October City has multiple of various care spare parts workshops that includes workers who have a good experience in such an Industry. So, considering the future look to create an Egyptian Car Brand, and the absence of this type of Education Institutes in Egypt, this project is designed to illustrate an Educational Institute that focuses in teaching the coming generations Basics and origins of Automotive Industry. This will help students to fit in the market as skilled workers are demand. To create a healthy right educational community that is focused in Automotive design, some researches and studies about this type of Institutes were made and took under consideration to form a similar successful environment. Case studies of these Educational institutes are mentioned to prove this point. The aim of this project is to further increase its efficiency in the global fields in which it operates by educating students how to built, maintain, fix, and develop car spare parts in Automotive Industry. The strategies are mainly concentrating on identifying the needs for the community members, and then analyze these needs in order to set an action plan. The project’s action plan is focusing on attracting the targeted groups or users in order to participate together achieving a common objective. The project’s objectives are using the experience of the old workers and to get benefit from them as they teach students how to maintain, repair, paint, and design car spare parts and shape. In conclusion, this has been the appropriate solution to produce skilled workers who know how to learn and practice this job to fit in the Automotive Field which has a huge shortening from all aspects in Egypt.

TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ..................................................................................... 1.2 SITE ANALYSIS........................................................................................................ 1.3 PROGRAM ................................................................................................................ CHAPTER II : SITE SELECTION 2.1 NSPIRATION............................................................................................................ 2.2 CONCEPTS .............................................................................................................. 2.3 FORM GENERATION ............................................................................................. 2.4 FINAL DESIGN ....................................................................................................... 2.5 ELEVATION ............................................................................................................. 2.6 SECTION ................................................................................................................. 2.7 JURIES ..................................................................................................................... 2.8 ZONING ................................................................................................................... 2.9 CIRCULATION ........................................................................................................ 2.10 SAFTY..................................................................................................................... CHAPTER III : SUSTAINABILITY 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY.................................................................. 3.2 ECONOMICAL SUSTAINABILITY ........................................................................ 3.3 SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY..................................................................................... CHAPTER IV : CONSTRUCTION 4.1 WALL SECTION ........................................................................................................ 4.2 DETAILS ..................................................................................................................... CHAPTER V : STRUCTURE

5.1 STRUCTURE SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 5.2 3D ISOMETRIC .......................................................................................................... CHAPTER VI : ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 6.1 VENTILATION ...............................…………............................................................ 6.2 NATURAL ASPECTS ................................................................................................. CHAPTER VII : TECHNICAL ANALYSIS 7.1 ACOUSTIC TREATMENT ..............………............................................................... CHAPTER VIII : PROJECT SHOTS

8.1 PROJECT SHOTS..............……….............................................................................. CHAPTER IX : BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

CHAPTER

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

6th October City, Egypt, (Google maps edited by author ,2021)

6th OCTOBER CITY located in the northeast of Egypt, at the Suez Canal Gate, and is surrounded on the east by North Sinai Governorate, to the south by Ismailia Governorate, and to the west by Damietta Governorate. This is the selected site that the Institute Of Automotive Design would fit the best because it’s well Organized city in terms of urban and design planning so it’s easy to reach the site. As well as; it’s the largest industrial city in Egypt that contains a high number of workshops that would help in practicing what students are educated in this Institute. 6th October city is famous as a students city because of the existed universities and students residency. As the start of the process of repairing and assembling to reach the production of Egyptian Car Brand in the further future vision from training students by exploiting people with better experience. In addition, it’s an important aspect to design the institute to be more likely to the actual environment to help students connecting to it practically. In Conclusion : 1. 6th October City is a city in Giza Governorate, a satellite town and part of the urban area of Cairo, Egypt, 32 km (20 miles) outside the city. It is 17 km (11 mi) from the great pyramids of Giza and 32 km (20 mi) from downtown Cairo. The city has a total area of 482 km2 (119,200 acres). 2. Located in the northeast of Egypt, at the Suez Canal Gate, and is surrounded on the east by North Sinai Governorate, to the south by Ismailia Governorate, and to the west by Damietta Governorate. 3. The settlement was established in 1979 by the 504th presidential decree of Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat as it’s a new city in the desert. 6th of October was the capital of the now defunct 6th of October Governorate.

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

CHAPTER

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

Automotive Design, Collage (Author, 2021)

"The success of the auto industry in Egypt depends on the existence of a strategy for cars and their exit into the light. Without a strategy, no one would dare invest in a market in which the vision of that strong industry is absent.” ADEL BADIR, an expert in the automotive industry While the state seeks to develop the auto industry and rely on this industry as one of the main pillars in developing the national economy, there are some obstacles that Egypt faces, which are that Egypt depends on assembly and not manufacturing, a lack of technical schools specialized in the auto industry, which need machines Sophisticated costs require and may not be borne by the state budget, and the lack of auto training workshops for technicians.

INTRODUCTION

01 CHAPTER

1.2 SITE ANALYSIS

Site selection criteria is the process of examining multiple options and assessing their relative advantages and disadvantages. There are some characteristics to be noticed as shown in fig(1.2.1) Community

Landmarks

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Regulations Site services

Accessibility

Views

Flexibility

Site selection Criteria, (Author, 2021).

Community: Community of 6th October is the dynamo of the project, due to their talent Automobile industry, car repairing, maintenance, also selling cars spare parts. Landmarks: Cairo international airport nearby the site will attract foreign students, sponsors, and help as with importing machines and tools to the project and will also help in the project’s vision and main objective which is the city branding Accessibility: The site location is very spectacular, it is located among 3 main roads, the ring road , gesr el suez and joseph tito street. It can be reached easily by car or though transportation . Flexibility: The targeted project “ automotive institute” is very flexible and can be extended in the future due to the fact that it is based on the community’s talent in the various car industry fields and related to their heritage. Views: The site should be located to a good view and surroundings to help in the project’s aim and vision which is the city branding. Site services: In a site selection, especially in big projects scale or investments, there should be some site services nearby related to water supplies and electricity and other services.

INTRODUCTION

01 CHAPTER

1.2 SITE ANALYSIS

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

Community SITE I

Landmarks Flexibility Accessibility Views

SITE II

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Points

Site service Total

Very Good

Good

Bad

SITE III The three cites location, Egypt, (google maps, edited by the Author, 2021). According to the site selection criteria and urban analysis, a comparative analysis has been done between the three sites, so site III has no critical problem may affect the project but site one and three did not match the criteria.

INTRODUCTION

01 CHAPTER

1.2 SITE ANALYSIS LAND USE MAP

SOLID & VOID MAP

Residential

6th of October site

23% 70%

Industrial

35%

Solid

Commercial Educational

6th October City, (google maps, edited by the Author, 2021).

Void

65%

Hospital chart showing land-use, 6th October City Author, 2021.

BUILDING HEIGHTS MAP

ACCESSIBILITY & ROAD HEIRARCHY MAP

6th October City, (google maps, edited by the Author, 2021). 6th of October site 2-5 Stories

6th October City, (google maps, edited by the Author, 2021). 6th of October site

30%

25%

15%

Main

1-2 Stories 5-8 Stories

chart showing solid & void, 6th October City Author, 2021.

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6th October City, (google maps, edited by the Author, 2021). th 6 of October site

Secondary

45%

chart showing building heights, 6th October City Author, 2021.

Neighborhood street ( local streets in neighborhoods)

60%

chart showing road heirarchy, 6th October City Author, 2021.

INTRODUCTION

01 CHAPTER

1.2 SITE ANALYSIS SWOT ANALYSIS

• •

SITE ANALYSIS

Near to the main road of the 26th of July road Presence of many factories specialized in assembling and manufacturing auto parts, such as the Bavarian group for the car industry, the Egyptian German motor company and general motors. Presence of many services near to the area Close to the smart village, 30 km away

Main road crowded (26th of July) Weak lighting in the side roads Checkpoints due to the presence of the house of Adly Mansour, the former president

• • •

To many automotive factories will provide job opportunities in future Supplying lighting in the side roads Empty areas (not constructed) may help in rise buildings that might benefit the project

• •

High dependence on private sector investors To many random neighborhoods

SKYLINE OF 6TH OCTOBER CITY An outline of the sky described land and buildings.

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• • •

Skyline(6th October City, Author,2021)

INTRODUCTION

1.3 PROGRAM

01 CHAPTER

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SITE SELECTION

02 CHAPTER

2.1 SITE ANALYSIS SITE LOCATION

Total area of the site : 15000 m2 Built-up area: 3750 m2

SURROUNDING

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SITE REGULATION

SITE SELECTION

02 CHAPTER

2.2 URBAN ANALYSIS 6% 23%

70%

Educational

Residential Commercial

Industrial

Hospital

Fig (2.2.1)Google Maps (Author,2020)

2.2.1 BUILDING HEIGHTS 25%

30%

45%

6th of October site

1-2 Stories

2-5 Stories

5-8 Stories

Fig (2.2.1.1)Google Maps (Author,2020)

2.2.2 BUILDING CONDITION 10%

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6th of October site

25%

65%

6th of October site

Middle

Good

Bad

Fig (2.2.2.1)Google Maps (Author,2020)

SITE SELECTION

02 CHAPTER

2.2 URBAN ANALYSIS 15%

25%

60% 6th of October site

Secondary

Fig (.2.2.1)Google Maps (Author,2020)

2.2.3 SOLID AND VOID 35% 65%

6th of October site

Solid Void

Fig 2.2.3.1)Google Maps (Author,2020)

2.2.4. MENTAL MAP 2.2.4.1 Skyline A skyline is the outline or pattern created by the structural construction of a city. It can be created by whether by humans or by nature.

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Neighborhood street ( local streets in neighborhoods)

Main

Fig (2.2.4.1.1)Skyline(Al-Salam City, Author,2020)

DESIGN APPROACH

3.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

03 CHAPTER

3.1.1Concept Overview SLOGAN :

Driving to the Future.. AIM & OBJECTIVES : seeking for educate how to integrate production from the automotive industry, in addition to marketing to produce a new Egyptian brand

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VISION : Foster positive change through self-empowerment, education, and professional training to provide job skills, opportunities MISSION : Providing education and services that help enterprises grow, communities prosper and individuals reach their full potential.

(Fig.3.1.1.1) automotive study ( author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.1.2) relation between zones ( author, 2020)

OBJECTIVES : Providing certificates of excellence in car service so that students can work and compete in the automotive industry, in addition to attracting students to study, as the 6th October city is characterized by a large number of students

(Fig.3.1.1.3) site analysis( author, 2020)

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS 3.1.2 Concept I

“BUILT OF STABILIZATION “

The shape is inspired by the car chassis, as it consists of two wheels attached to the front and two at the back, which are connected by a column to shift the movement.

(Fig.3.1.2.2) concept I ( author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.2.3) concept I ( author, 2020)

The first concept depends mainly on the structural configuration of the car chassis, as it is divided into two parts that are linked to an longitudinal element ..... It represents each tire in a separate block in the building linked by a small column and the primary element was responsible for the classes where It is considered the most important part of the project and it's responsible for movement.

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(Fig.3.1.2.1) concept I ( author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.2.4) concept I ( author, 2020)

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.1. CONCEPTS ANALYSIS 3.1.3Concept II

“COLLECTING THE TECHNOLOGY “

(Fig.3.1.3.1) concept II ( author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.3.2) concept II ( author, 2020)

• The tent represents the body of the car where the component buildings are combined to confirm the idea of interconnecting the blocks of the project under one tent.

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• The study at the institute depends on inclusiveness and expansion in the field of cars. The study of car body design is one of the advantages of the institute in addition to that it is the only place specialized in studying everything related to industry. • Therefore, the second concept is based on the idea of representing auto parts in separate buildings, as was the study in Egypt, where each specialization was done separately • so all buildings were attached under one tent to clarify the main idea of the building

(Fig.3.1.3.3) concept II ( author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.3.4) concept II ( author, 2020)

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS 3.1.4. Concept III

“CENTER OF POWER“

(Fig.3.1.4.2) concept III plan (author, 2020)

• The third concept depends on presenting the basic and main principle of the movement of the car, where there is a driver chair and is the controller in the full movement of the car • Therefore, the administrative building is located in the center, and it is responsible for linking all the components of the mass to each other, which allows easy movement. • The left wing was rotated slightly to direct to the north, where this part represented the educational section

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(Fig.3.1.4.1) driver chair ( driving , 2011)

(Fig.3.1.4.3) concept III plan (author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.4.5) zoning ( author, 2020)

(Fig.3.1.4.4) concept III plan (author, 2020)

• The zoning depend on the kinematic arrangement of the spaces and the appropriate directions for natural ventilation and lighting

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.2 FORM GENERATION

the educational building was relocated to avoid the direct noise from main streets and reshape the front building to allow the flow of the northern wind

The added circule is presenting the main principle of the movement of the car, where there is a driver chair is the controller in the full movement of the car Therefore, the user is the owner of the center of the building, and they are responsible for linking all the components of the mass to each other, which allows easy movement. The right wing was rotated slightly to direct to the north.

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The main concept depends mainly on the structural configuration of the car chassis, as it is divided into two parts that are linked to an longitudinal element ..... It represents each tire in a separate block in the building linked by a small column and the primary element was responsible for the classes where It is considered the most important part of the project.

food court, playgrounds and car testing track has been located accordingto wind affection

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.3. FINAL DESIGN FINAL PHASE

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MASTER PLAN

BASEMENT PLAN

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.3. FINAL DESIGN

MASTER PLAN

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FIRST FLOOR PLAN

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

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THIRD FLOOR PLAN

PROJECT LAYOUT

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

NORTHERN ELEVATION

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WETERN ELEVATION

SOUTHERN ELEVATION

EASTERN ELEVATION

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

SECTION (B-B)

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SAECTION (A-A)

SECTION (C-C)

DESIGN APPROACH

03 CHAPTER

3.3. FINAL DESIGN

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SAECTION (D-D)

SECTION (C-C)

DESIGN APPROACH

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

03 CHAPTER

1ST JURY

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2ND JURY

DESIGN APPROACH

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

03 CHAPTER

3RD JURY

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4TH JURY

DESIGN APPROACH

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

03 CHAPTER

FINAL JURY

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3D ZONING

DESIGN APPROACH

3.3 FINAL DESIGN

03 CHAPTER

PROJECT CIRCULATION

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LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS

04 SUSTAINABILITY

SUSTAINABILITY

04 CHAPTER

4.1 SUSTAINABILITY DEFINITIONS 4.1.1 General Definition : Avoiding the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance.

4.1.2 Architectural Definition : "Sustainable architecture can be defined as the construction of structures for which it is a renewable services are utilized in the architecture, efficiency and execution approach. The function of design for sustainable architecture should also involve the development and transport of buildings. Resources and materials , components, construction equipment and performance. "(nzdl.org, 2011)

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 4.2.1 General Definition It is known as the rate of renewable resource harvesting, the generation of pollution and the depleti on of non renewable resources. They are not sustainable unless they can be continued indefinitely. 4.2.2 Architectural Definition

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4.1.3 The Three Approaches Of Sustainability :

It applies to a design that aims to mitigate the negative environmental effect of buildings by flexibility and restraint through the use of resources , energy and room for construction and the landscape as a whole. There Are Certain Environmental Design And Construction Factors Include The Following:

Waste and recycling management

Energy efficiency

Water Management

Air Quality Conservation

Adaption To And Mitigation Of Climate Change

SUSTAINABILITY

04 CHAPTER

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 4.2.3 Goals:

Environmental conservation is aimed at the protection of natural resources and the creation of alternative Power sources, reducing pollution and damaging the environment. Overall, the environmental sustainability performance assessment process is based on a number of components as shown below:

4.2.4 Passive Ventilation: Described as a natural ventilation system that utilize natural forces, such as wind direction and variable thermal levels, to move air from and to indoor space. These ventilation systems are designed to regulate the temperature of indoor air as well as to bring in fresh air and to emit stale air. This is mainly accomplished by opening and sh utting windows and doors serving as both an air supply and an exhaust.

(Fig 4.2.4.1) glazing daylighting description (window master, 2019)

Window Shading Types To Use In Passive Ventilation: Most effective shading Bottom three shading devices are suitable for all orientation if movable shading fins. Sliding/inward-opening windows, which do not impede natural ventilation. Design top inward-opening 'hopper' windows

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- Emissions to air - Greenhouse gas production - Releases to water - Contamination of land -Waste management - Use of non-renewable resources - Use of renewable natural resources Sam

5 Key Benefits Of Passive Ventilation:

(Fig 4.2.4.2)window shading types (window master ,2018)

➢ ➢ ➢ ➢ ➢

Reduced costs Low maintenance Cleaner air Consistency Reduced carbon emissions

SUSTAINABILITY

04 CHAPTER

4.3 ECONOMICAL SUSTAINABILITY

4.3.1 General Definition: It refers to practices that encourage long-term economic growth without having a negative impact on different aspects of community such as; social, environmental and cultural. 4.3.2 Architectural Definition: Sustainable buildings typically have lower annual costs for energy , water, maintenance / repair, churn (reconfiguration of space due to changing needs) and other operating costs. In addition to direct cost savings, sustainable buildings will have indirect economic advantages for both the building owner and the client.

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Economic Sustainability Impact In The Long Run In All Aspects: • At a global level: Global energyefficiency initiatives could achieve electricity consumption costs of an approximate €280 to €410 billion. – European Commission, 2015. • At a building level: Builders claim Green Buildings Compensate for an rise of 7 per cent Asset Evaluation of traditional buildings. – Dodge Data & Analytics, 2016. 4.4 SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY (Fig 4.3.2.1 ) Green Architecture (Pinterest,2020) 4.4.1 General Definition: Social resilience happens as structured and informal processes; systems; structures; and partnerships effectively promote the capacity of current and future generations to create stable and productive societies.

4.4.2 Architectural Definition: It's a network that is linked to places that have an effect on comfort. Involve what people need in the area where they live or work. (Magee, Liam; James, Paul; Scerri, Andy, 2012) .

The issues addressed by the principle of social sustainability involve but are not limited to: wellbei ng and social equality, civil rights, labor rights, policies and fair working conditions , social accou ntability and fairness, economic growth and well-being, environmental security, urban stability and cultural competence.

Community

Human Rights

Different Culture

Safe Community Different Activities

STRUCTURE

05 CHAPTER

5.1 FINAL DESIGN

Types Of Flat Slab System

Plan (Top View)

Standards Dimensions

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A flat slab is a twoway reinforced concrete slab that usually does not have beams and girders, and the loads are transferred directly to the supporting concrete columns. This structure system is useful for spaces that have span up to < 6m.

3D Views That’s Clarifies The Structure System ( Flat Slab)

STRUCTURE

05 CHAPTER

5.1 FINAL DESIGN Reinforced concrete (RC) frames consist of horizontal elements (beams) and vertical elements (columns) connected by rigid joints. These structures are cast monolithically— that is, beams and columns are cast in a single operation in order to act in unison. RC frames provide resistance to both gravity and lateral loads.

Column-Beam Structure System is the most simple structure system that is used to carry on loads and transfer it to ground. This figure clarifies the diagram in carrying the load and the transferring path.

Typical Structure Components Of Concrete Frames

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Frames

STRUCTURE

5.1 FINAL DESIGN

05 CHAPTER

3D STRUCTURE SYSTEM

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ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

DESIGN APPROACH

06 CHAPTER

6.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS 6.1.1 SUSTAINABILITY APPROACH

"Sustainable Development is the improvement that collectes the issues of the present without compromising the capacity of future eras to address their own issues" Press, 1983). Pillars of sustainability Social Sustainability ➢ Social Sustainability ➢ Economical Sustainability ➢ Environmental Sustainability

Use renewable energy is energy derived from renewable energy resources that are natural such as sunlight , wind , rain and waves. Renewable energy helps humans supply electricity, generation, air and water heating / cooling, transportation, in 4 important things.

(Fig. 6.1.1..1 )Sustainability Ecological Shield, (casa architect ,2018)

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Sustainability Ecological Shield Concept The ecological shield is the environmental shield that protects the building in order to ensure full sustainability. It also consists of various forms of renewable energy that can include solar cells for energy conservation and also has the capacity to monitor the atmosphere in the building as it controls temperature and humidity and isolates non-preferable issues such as noise and lateral forces specifically the wind effect.

(Fig. 6.1.1.2 ) sustainability approach , (casa architect ,2018)

DESIGN APPROACH

6.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

06 CHAPTER

ENGLISH COURTYARD

Daylight shaft heliobus bringing light and air into your basement design uk openbasement limitless ltd the provision of natural shafts introduction purpose following is to prov pin on systems solutions lighting architecture entrance by delfina perez yard stuff windows decor

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TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

DESIGN APPROACH

7.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

07 CHAPTER

Solar Tube Lighting

The Solatube Smart LED Light combines the best daylight with electric light. The tube contains small LED lights which switch on and off automatically when light levels fall below a set minimum. As the sun fades, or if it goes behind a cloud, the LED lights are turned on so that light in the room is constant.

• HIGHEST VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE (VT) • LOW SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC) • OPTIMUM U-VALUE • BEST LIGHT TO SOLAR HEAT GAIN RATIO (LSG)

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Solar lighting tubes work to provide natural daylight in spaces by numerous reflections within the tube before they enter the interior spaces, their purpose is almost identical to that of skylights, but solar tubes can enter the interior spaces that conventional windows and skylights can not penetrate. They are also considered environmentally friendly as it reduces the need for electricity and keeps users in touch with the surrounding environment. They can also screen ultraviolet rays and sun's infrarot rays which can cause overheating in the interior.

DESIGN APPROACH

07 CHAPTER

7.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS INVISIBLE SOLAR HARVESTING TECHNOLOGY

(Fig. 8.3.4.1 ) cement light , (IACC,2017)

Solar harvesting systems need not be glaringly apparent. In fact , thanks to researchers at Michigan State University (MSU) who have developed a transparent luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) that can be applied to windows or anything else with a clear surface, they can now even be invisible.

DOUBLE SKIN GLASS DOUBLE-SKIN FAÇADES Double Skin Glass Double-skin façades are a solution for construction, providing a range of energy-saving advantages. Heated air from the double façade cavity rises to the top of the solar chimney, which creates free heating for the winter building. In the summer, the chimney draws hot air from the rooftop of the façade cavity.

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The invisible solar harvesting system is used in glass to act like the solar system but in transparent glass, so as not to opaque the view from the inside or from the outside as I used it in the Exploratorium, which should be interacting with each other. This is not a new technology, but the transparent aspect is. The past attempts have resulted in ineffective results with colorful materials.

DESIGN APPROACH

7.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

07 CHAPTER

DYNAMIC SHADING DEVICES SYSTEM To enhance environmental performance and create dramatic visual effects, architects devise facades that adapt to changing conditions.

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Project shots

DESIGN APPROACH

8.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

08 CHAPTER

EXTERIOR SHIOTS

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DESIGN APPROACH

8.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

08 CHAPTER

EXTERIOR SHIOTS

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN 51

DESIGN APPROACH

8.1 CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

08 CHAPTER

EXTERIOR SHIOTS

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN 52

DESIGN APPROACH

8.1. CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

08 CHAPTER

EXTERIOR SHIOTS

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DESIGN APPROACH

8.1. CONCEPTS ANALYSIS

08 CHAPTER

INTERIOR SHIOTS

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09 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

TABLE OF REFERENCES

09 CHAPTER

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II : SITE SELECTION • Tony, J. (2014, February 3). Coventry University. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.coventry.ac.uk/ • COREY, B. (2016, September 25). September 25, 1725 – Inventor of the first automobile, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, is born. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://automotivehistory.org/automotive/september-25-1725-inventor-of-the-first-automobilenicolas-joseph-cugnot-is-born/ • Piro, N. (2020, April 22). 1771 Cugnot Fardier a Vapeur: The mother of all motorcars. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.autoweek.com/news/a2118816/1771-cugnot-fardier-vapeurmother-all-motorcars/ • Who invented the automobile? (2006, October 15). Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.loc.gov/everyday-mysteries/item/who-invented-the-automobile/ • Stevic, Z., & Radovanovic, I. (2012, December 19). Energy Efficiency of Electric Vehicles. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.intechopen.com/books/new-generation-of-electricvehicles/energy-efficiency-of-electric-vehicles

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• Rae, J. B., & Binder, A. K. (2018, August 2). Automotive industry. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/automotive-industry. • Zaher, S. (2012). Automotive industry in Egypt. Academia.edu. https://www.academia.edu/32489885/Automotive_industry_in_Egypt. • Cengage. (2013). Introduction to the Automotive Industry. https://www.dentonisd.org/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=101340. • Thompson, R. (2019). Automotive maintenance & light repair. Boston, MA: Cengage. • Binder, A. K., & Rae, J. B. (2018, August 2). Automotive industry. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/technology/automotive-industry • Zaher, S. (n.d.). Automotive industry in Egypt. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/32489885/Automotive_industry_in_Egypt • Automotive industry. (2020, May 14). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry • Foda, H. (n.d.). El-Herafeyeen The largest professional gathering for the auto parts and accessories trade in Egypt. Retrieved from https://www.maspero.eg/wps/portal/home/radio-andtv-magazine/investigations/details/9bb0356f-6117-49e1-bd872a26a6bb2a2e/!ut/p/z0/fYxBCsIwEABfFDabpok5iiC2JcSDQrsX2WBbg5KWUny_eYGnYWA YIOiBMn_TzHtaMn-KD2Qe4aobVBp9aMNZHqtbV6O7NPJuoQX6H5SD2vzJz0Ar7yR8rRA72KUVW0mYRCt0G5EEZ8HKxQrwybGwhHWNw0_9RhH4g!!/ • Furuto, A. (2013, June 18). Torre David - Informal Vertical Communities Exhibition. ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/388821/torre-david-informal-vertical-communitiesexhibition?ad_medium=gallery. • Torre David - Informal Vertical Communities Exhibition. (2013, June 18). Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/388821/torre-david-informal-vertical-communitiesexhibition?ad_medium=gallery • Timber Parking Garage. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://emilyristarchportfolio.squarespace.com/new-page-2

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CHAPTER III : SUSTAINABILITY • https://khatwa-sy.com/Engineering-cars-heavy machinery.html • Abdulsalam, M. (2012, March 20). information about automotive engineering study. Hotcourses UAE. https://www.hotcourses.ae/study-abroad-info/subject-info/automotiive-engineeringstudy/. • Mostafa, Z. (2020, February 21). Strategy for electric car manufacturing in Egypt imperative. Daily News Egypt. https://wwww.dailynewssegypt.com/2020/02/21/strategy-for-electric-carmanufacturing-in-egypt-imperative/. • Maverick, J. B. (2020, May 4). What Raw Materials do Auto Manufacturers Use? Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/062315/what-types-raw-materials-would-be-usedauto-manufacturer.asp • Arora, vicky. (2019, June 29). What material is used in car bodies? - Quora. what material is used in car bodies. https://www.quora.com/What-material-is-used-in-car-bodies • SAB F.P.M Filling and Packaging Machines . SAB F.B.M. (2020, March 14). https://sabsy.com/. • Takeshi, C. (2013). Toyota's Objectives in Global Automotive Industry. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://lawaspect.com/toyotas-objectives-global-automotive-industry/ • Al-Sanadeli, i. (2019, September 13). Expert: The auto industry in Egypt is facing problems. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/4336876 • KhaledMay, F., & Khaled, F. (2019, June 16). Egypt's automotive industry: Between challenges in local production and an electric future. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from http://businessforwardauc.com/2019/05/19/egypts-automotive-industry-between-challenges-inlocal-production-and-an-electric-future/ • Akhbarelyom, E. (2020). Learn about the challenges facing the auto industry. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://akhbarelyom.com/news/newdetails/2961116/1/%D8%AA%D • Hallman, C. (2020, May 27). 14 Inspirational Quotes from Famous Auto Inventors and Tycoons. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.titlemax.com/14-inspirational-quotesfrom-auto-inventors/ • Karim, A., & Mostafa, Z. (2019, April 22). Automotive Division discusses sector crises. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://wwww.dailynewssegypt.com/2019/04/23/automotivedivision-discusses-sector-crises/ • Zaher, S. (2012). Automotive industry in Egypt. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.academia.edu/32489885/Automotive_industry_in_Egypt

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• Read "Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles" at NAP.edu. (2003). Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.nap.edu/read/12924/chapter/4 • Resources in Education. (2000, October 15). Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=bZS4-cH5bbkC • Figure 2f from: Deltshev C (2016) A new spider species, Heser stoevi sp. nov., from Turkmenistan (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: E10095. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10095. (n.d.). doi:10.3897/bdj.4.e10095.figure2f • Yurtoğlu, N. (2018). Http%3a%2f%2fwww.historystudies.net%2fdergi%2f%2fbirinci-dunyasavasinda-bir-asayis-sorunu-sebinkarahisar-ermeni-isyani20181092a4a8f.pdf. History Studies International Journal of History, 10(7), 241-264. doi:10.9737/hist.2018.658

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INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• Oxford, L. (2015). Automotive: Definition of Automotive by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of Automotive. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.lexico.com/definition/automotive • Haider, B. (2009). MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://sse.aucegypt.edu/departments/mechanical-engineering • Institute, K. (2019). Find a course. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.kangan.edu.au/ • Institute, K. (2019). KPMG's Automotive Institute Publication Platform. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://automotive-institute.kpmg.de/ • Quotes, B. (2010). Auto Industry Quotes. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.brainyquote.com/topics/auto-industry-quotes • Hallman, C. (2020, May 27). 14 Inspirational Quotes from Famous Auto Inventors and Tycoons. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.titlemax.com/14-inspirational-quotesfrom-auto-inventors/ • Institute, E. (1996). Vision, Mission and Goals. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from http://www.excelautomotiveinstitute.org/mission-and-goals • Illiones, S. (2019). Mission and Goals: Automotive Technology. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://automotive.siu.edu/about/mission.php • PERRY, D. (2018). Handyman Startup Logo. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.handymanstartup.com/branding-your-vehicle/ • Answers Ltd, U. (2019, March 18). Branding in the Automotive Industry. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/marketing-branding-consumers.php • Smith, S. (1999). Learning. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/automotive-plan-program-objectives-5333 • Ferreira, F., Marques, A., Faria, J., & Azevedo, A. (1970, January 01). Large Project Management in the Automotive Industry: A Flexible and Knowledge Based Approach. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-312323_43 • University, F. (2019). Future University in Egypt - FUE. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/pg/fue.edu1/posts/ • Courses, G. (2017). Our courses are based on practical life more than just some theoretical information. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://rev-academy.com/ • Industry, E. (2017). Automotive companies in Egypt. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.egypt-business.com/company/katalog/Automotive • Training, A. (2019). Egypt Automotive. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/EgyptAutomotiveAR/ CHAPTER IV : CONSTRUCTION • M, S. (2020). Architecture and Society: Designing Interactions. Sthapatya. http://sthapatya.co/architecture-and-society-designing-interactions/. • Abitare, R. (2011, March 14). The Social Cave. Abitare. http://www.abitare.it/en/architecture/2011/03/14/the-social-cave-3/. • Holmes, D. (2017, September 13). TCL creating social spaces at Monash University. World Landscape Architecture. https://worldlandscapearchitect.com/tcl-creating-social-spaces-atmonash-university/.

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CHAPTER V : STRUCTURE • Mantois Technology Centre / Badia Berger Architectes Daniel Sánchez https://www.archdaily.com/548125/mantois-technology-centre-badia-berger-architectes • Mantois Technology Centre in Yvelines, France By Badia Berger Architectes https://www10.aeccafe.com/blogs/arch-showcase/2014/09/27/mantois-technology-centre-inyvelines-france-by-badia-berger-architectes/ • Saieh, N. (2010, December 16). Kangan Batman Institute / Lyons. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.archdaily.com/96301/kangan-batman-institute-lyons • Gollings, J. (2016, December 16). Gallery of Kangan Batman Institute / Lyons - 1. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.archdaily.com/96301/kangan-batman-institutelyons/501345c028ba0d0ef0000a2f-kangan-batman-institute-lyons-photo • Gaete, J. (2012, October 10). Auotmative Industry Exporters Union Technical and Industrial High School / Oficina Asma Bahçeleri Houses. ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/277062/automative-industry-exporters-union-technical-andindustrial-high-school-metin-kilic-durrin-suer?ad_source=search. • Holding , A. (2016). Aktaş Holding. https://www.aktasholding.com/en/sayfa.asp?mdl=ebulten • Circulation space. Circulation space - Designing Buildings Wiki. https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Circulation_space

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• JACKSONCHOI. (2012, January 27). Net House – Robotecture Interaction. jacksonchoi. http://jacksonchoi.com/archives/244. • Tuomaslehtinen . (2020). People at the Reichstag dome in Berlin. Dreamstime. https://www.dreamstime.com/several-tourists-walking-ramps-inside-futuristic-glass-dome-topreichstag-german-parliament-building-berlin-image151888998. • The sport park encourage people to have social interaction at this public building. The combination of social interaction come from Space, People, and Event in ... Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/482096335083895405/. • Wiberg, M. (2015, April). Interactions. Interaction design meets architectural thinking | ACM Interactions. https://interactions.acm.org/archive/view/march-april-2015/interaction-designmeets-architectural-thinking. • McGrath, Brian (2013). Urban Design Ecologies: AD Reader. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 220– 237. • Scott, J. (2019, September 30). 3 Types of Stretching to Increase Your Flexibility. Retrieved June 09, 2020, from https://www.verywellfit.com/flexibility-definition-and-examples-3496108 • Answers Ltd. (2019, March 18). Concept of Flexibility in Architecture. Retrieved June 09, 2020, from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/architecture/the-concept-of-flexibility.php • Gummerson. (n.d.). Flexibility. Retrieved June 09, 2020, from https://people.bath.ac.uk/masrjb/Stretch/stretching_3.html • Blander, A., McIntosh, N., Louie, J., & Flaksman, C. (2018, January 10). Image and meaning. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://archleague.org/article/architecture-office-lp-interview/ • 30 St Mary Axe. (2020, May 21). Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_St_Mary_Axe • Perez, A. (2010, May 14). AD Classics: Fallingwater House / Frank Lloyd Wright. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.archdaily.com/60022/ad-classics-fallingwater-frank-lloydwright

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INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• AEU Technical & industrial vocational high school: MartiD. Archello. (2012). https://archello.com/project/aeu-technical-industrial-vocational-high-school • Click-on Battens Applications. Sculptform. https://sculptform.com.au/click-on-battensapplications/ • SJAHI. (1998). Saudi Japanese Automotive High Institute . SJAHI Official Portal . http://www.sjahi.org/News-Events/Photos-Gallery/Display-Photos/albumid/9. • Saudi Japanese Automobile High Institute (SJAHI), Saudi Arabia - Company Information, Key People, Latest News and Contact Details - ZAWYA MENA Edition. (SJAHI), Saudi Arabia Company Information, Key People, Latest News and Contact Details - ZAWYA MENA Edition. (2020, February 7). https://www.zawya.com/mena/en/company/Saudi_Japanese_Automobile_High_Institute12472236/. • SAHAJJI. (1998). SAUDI JAPANESE AUTO INSTITUTE (SAHAJJI). SJAHI Official Portal . http://www.sjahi.org/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF. • Murad, M. (2020). Fostering a culture of lifelong learning. OECD Skills Strategy Latvia OECD Skills Studies, 84-133. doi:10.1787/cd9e1561-en • Abdallah, M. (2020, January 6). "Mubarak Cole" A German experience that has been routinely eaten .. and "education": We solve its problems. Akhbar El Youm. • IXL: Math, Language Arts, Science, Social Studies, and Spanish. (n.d.). Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://www.ixl.com/?partner=google • Education, M. O. (2013). Brief description of study and training - Mubarak Cool project, 6th of October. Retrieved June 10, 2020, from https://sites.google.com/site/mki6october/Home/describe • University, F. (2015, September 16). Future university. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.fue.edu.eg/ • University, F. (2015). List of universities in Egypt - Wikipedia. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_universities • Azazy, H. (2015, September 16). Future university. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.fue.edu.eg/faculty/fet • Mohamed, D. (2017, August 19). Future university. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.slideshare.net/DinaMohamed51/future-university-78976988 • University, F. (2013, September 11). Campus Map. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.fue.edu.eg/contacts/campus_map • Resorcess, H. (2015, September 16). Future university. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.fue.edu.eg/hr/ • University, F. (2019). Future University in Egypt in Egypt. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.masterstudies.com/universities/Egypt/Future-Uni-Egypt/ • University, F. (2019). Future University in Egypt - FUE. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/pg/fue.edu1/posts/

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CHAPTER VI : ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

CHAPTER VII : TECHNICAL ANALYSIS • University, A. S. (2019, March 1). Campus Technology Space Standards. ASU Campus Technology Standards . https://www.asu.edu/fm/documents/project_guidelines/ClassroomDesign-Guidelines.pdf. • Carnegie Mellon University. Meeting Room Set-ups and Styles - Conference & Event Services Carnegie Mellon University. Meeting Room Set-ups and Styles - Conference & Event Services Carnegie Mellon University. https://www.cmu.edu/conferences/facilities/meeting/uc/roomstyles.html • Escott, M. (2012). Garage Storage Ideas. House Plans Helper. https://www.houseplanshelper.com/garage-storage-ideas.html. • Campus Technology Space Standards. ASU Campus Technology Standards . (2019, March 1). https://www.asu.edu/fm/documents/project_guidelines/Classroom-Design-Guidelines.pdf. • Carnegie Mellon University. (2020). Meeting Room Set-ups and Styles - Conference & Event Services - Carnegie Mellon University. https://www.cmu.edu/conferences/facilities/meeting/uc/room-styles.html. • Escott, M. (2012). Garage Storage Ideas. House Plans Helper. https://www.houseplanshelper.com/garage-storage-ideas.html.

INSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• Google. (2020). El-Herafyeen. Google Earth. https://earth.google.com/web/@30.1527556,31.4037561,4004.49342979a,0d,35y,0h,0t,0r?utm_source=earth7 • 6th October Site. Google Maps. (2020). https://goo.gl/maps/ybk9JrxPNr1ecs6b6. • Google. (2020). Port Said. Google Earth. https://earth.google.com/web/@31.2626566,32.29659425,543.60868821a,3110.66431213d,35 y,359.9974h,0t,0r?utm_source=earth7. • El Herafyeen. (2018, April 9). Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://images.app.goo.gl/KBd5wGin3nzoVRun9 • El-Herafyeen. (2018, November 22). Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://images.app.goo.gl/Qqmie4WpNE8gPPnh8 • Weather and climate. (2019). Wind Speed Cairo. Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://images.app.goo.gl/ULYxsJ5diJPm4tcSA • Atlas. (2002). Weather and Climate. Retrieved June 11, 2020, from https://images.app.goo.gl/yFZ48vYsgmSRf1NH8