LESSON NOTES
Lower Beginner S1 #2 Talking about Possession in Dutch
CONTENTS 2 2 2 3 4 5 7
Dutch English Vocabulary Sample Sentences Vocabulary Phrase Usage Grammar Cultural Insight
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DUTCH 1.
Irene:
Kijk, het regent!
2.
Klara:
Zie je Pieters auto daar? Het raam staat nog open!
3.
Irene:
Oh oh, de stoel is al nat. Ik roep Pieter meteen!
4.
Klara:
Nee, Pieter is niet thuis. Hij werkt vandaag.
5.
Irene:
Op zondag?
6.
Klara:
Ja, Pieter werkt in de winkel van zijn oom, in het centrum. Die winkel is open op zondag.
ENGLISH 1.
Irene:
Look, it's raining!
2.
Klara:
Do you see Pieter's car over there? The window is still open!
3.
Irene:
Uh oh, the seat is already wet. I'll call Pieter immediately!
4.
Klara:
No, Pieter is not home. He's working today.
5.
Irene:
On a Sunday?
6.
Klara:
Yes, Pieter works in his uncle's shop in the city center. That shop is open on Sundays.
VOCABULARY
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Dutc h
English
C lass
Ge nde r
regenen
to rain
verb
zien
to see
verb
auto
car
noun
masculine
raam
window
noun
neutral
open
open
adverb
stoel
seat / chair
noun
nat
wet
adjective
roepen
to call
verb
meteen
at once, immediately
adverb
winkel
shop, store
noun
masculine
common
SAMPLE SENTENCES Het regent en onweert. "It’s raining and thundering."
Grijze wolken zijn meestal een indicatie dat het gaat regenen. "Gray clouds usually indicate rain."
Zonder bril kan ik niet goed zien.
Hij zag een mooie vrouw.
"Without glasses I can’t see well."
"He saw a beautiful woman."
Ik wil dat programma zien.
Mijn auto heeft een lekken band.
"I want to see that program."
"My car has a flat tire."
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De meest verkochte automerken in Nederland zijn Peugeot en Volkswagen.
Ik heb een Franse auto. "I have a French car."
"The best selling car brands in the Netherlands are Peugeot and Volkswagen." Kun je het raam openen, alsjeblieft?
De man doet het raam dicht.
"Could you open the window, please?"
"The man is closing the window."
Is de deur open of dicht?
Wij hebben een grote tafel met zes
"Is the door open or closed?"
stoelen. "We have a large table with six chairs."
Ik heb gedoucht en mijn haar is nog nat. "I took a shower and my hair is still wet."
Ik kwam in een regenbui terecht en ben nat geworden. "I was caught in the rain and got wet."
Ik roep de ober.
Ik zal je roepen om zeven uur.
"I’ll call the waiter."
"I'll call you at seven o'clock."
Wacht niet langer, doe het meteen!
De posters zijn meteen van de muur
"Don’t wait any longer, do it immediately!"
afgehaald. "The posters were immediately removed from the wall."
In het centrum zijn veel winkels. "There are lots of shops in the city centre."
De winkel gaat om drie uur's middags open. "The shop will open at 3 P.M."
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE zien
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We've learned the verb kijken ("to watch," "to look") last lesson, and the verb zien ("to see") this lesson. The meaning of the verbs seems to be similar, but mind the difference: zien is to perceive images while you don't really intend to see it. Use the verb kijken when you intend to look at something while looking at it quite intensely. auto The sound [-au] in Dutch, used in the word auto, is the perfect example of a diphthong used in Dutch. Normally, we pronounce the Dutch diphthong -au as the first two letters in the English word "out." The words blauw ("blue") and nauw ("narrow") follow the same pronunciation rule.
GRAMMAR The Focus of This Lesson Is Talking About Possession. Zie je Pieters auto daar? "Do you see Pieter's car over there?"
In the conversation, Klara said Zie je Pieters auto daar? ("Do you see Pieter's car over there?") and Ja, Pieter werkt in de winkel van zijn oom ("Yes, Pieter works in his uncle's shop in the city center.") Klara is talking about possession: it's Pieter's car and his uncle's shop. The possessive -'s is known in Dutch, but we do not use it as often as in English. Generally speaking, in Dutch you only use the possessive -'s after proper names or sometimes when referring to very close relatives, such as (grand)mother and (grand)father. For Example: Dutch
"English"
Pauls fiets
"Paul's bicycle"
Jans huis
"Jan's house"
moeders boek
"mother's book"
Apart from proper names, we normally use the van construction (the "of" construction in English).
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For Example: Dutch
"English" "Spain's capital city"/"the capital city of
de hoofdstad van Spanje
Spain"
de hond van mijn vriend
"my friend's dog"
de auto van mijn tante
"my aunt's car"
-S, -'S, or -S'?
As a basic rule, you use -s after proper names, as in the examples above. But there are exceptions! Here are the two most common exceptions. 1. Incorrect pronunciation If there's a chance of incorrect pronunciation, you use -'s. This happens with proper names ending in long vowel sounds without an accent on the vowel. For Example: Dutch
"English"
opa's bril
"grandpa's glasses"
Harry's telefoon
"Harry's phone"
Romeo's hond
"Romeo's dog"
Beware of names ending in short vowel sounds: just add -s, as it won't affect the pronunciation! For Example: Dutch
"English"
Nienkes hand
"Nienke's hand"
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Sannes idee
"Sanne's idea"
2. [-s] sound If the proper name ends in an [-s] sound, use an s'. For Example: Dutch
"English"
Dennis' stoel
"Dennis's chair"/"Dennis' chair"
Alex' haar
"Alex's hair"
Liz' hobby
"Liz's hobby"
Examples From This Dialogue
1.
Zie je Pieters auto daar? "Do you see Pieter's car over there?"
2.
Ja, Pieter werkt in de winkel van zijn oom. "Yes, Pieter works in his uncle's shop."
CULTURAL INSIGHT Public Holidays and Work-Free Days in The Netherlands
A Dutch working week is usually Monday to Friday, but of course, it depends on the type of work. There's a legal minimum of one day's rest a week, normally Sunday. As you can hear in the dialogue, shops in the city center of some bigger cities are open on Sundays. There are a few national holidays in the Netherlands: Nieuwjaarsdag ("New Year's Day"), two days of Eerste Paasdag en Tweede Paasdag ("Easter"), Koninginnedag ("Queens Day"), Bevrijdingsdag ("Liberation Day"), Hemelvaart ("Ascension Day"), two days of Eerste
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Pinksterdag en Tweede Pinksterdag ("Pentecost"), and two days of Eerste Kerstdag en Tweede Kerstdag ("Christmas"). Other memorable days are Herdenkingsdag ("The Remembrance of the Dead"), Goede Vrijdag ("Good Friday"), and Sinterklaas ("Saint Nicolas Day"), but (unfortunately!) most employees won't get a day off! Liberation Day, which is when the Dutch celebrate the 1945 capitulation of the German forces in World War II, is an official holiday once every five years. Did you know that Dutch people refer to the last day of the year as Oudjaarsdag (literally "Old Year's Day"), instead of New Year's Eve?
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