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he modern world is facing several challenges due to social, cultural, economic and political deteriorations. The international development has become a global concept in order to provide solutions and overcome these challenges. Regardless of the continuous development approaches implemented by governments, humans’ basic needs are still the main concern many governments are challenged to provide for their citizens, especially, in the developing counties. Unfortunately, an overwhelming number of cities are currently experiencing various deteriorations, such as rapid population growth, climate change, housing crisis and poverty. As a result, the urban development process has been adopted and widely implemented by many international and inter-governmental organizations. Despite the amount of development projects happening on the international scale, the results in many cases are not effective, and some cities faced difficulties to sustain themselves and survive. Consequently, studying the hierarchy of city needs is mandatory, to be able to implement a strategic model and anticipate future scenarios that our generation presently may not be able to anticipate. Each city has its development recipe, which makes it hard to generalize urban development approaches on all the cities. For instance, a development project that had succeeded in Barcelona may not succeed in Mumbai. Subsequently, studying the factors that shape a city and its dynamics, is essential to implement a successful development plan. whatever a community’s priorities and needs are, those priorities and needs are part of a large fabric that rely on one another to succeed, and that when woven together carefully and thoughtfully they can create cities that function.
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CONTENTS
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CURRICULM VITAE 01 - 02
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BETWEEN NO LONGER AND NOT YET Urban Planning 03 - 18
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BACHELOR PROJECT THE REFINED GLORIES Urban Planning + Design 19 - 34
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LA PLATEFORME HOUSING PROJECT Housing 35 - 48
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BIBLIOTECA GABRIEL FERRATER COMPETITION Architecture + Landscape Design 49 - 58
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HANDSKETCHES 59 - 60
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Education
Universitat Politècnica de Catalun Escola Tècnica Superior d’Arquitec
Bachelor project and thesis in Urban Des Spring 2017 Barcelona, Spain
The German University in Cairo GU
Bachelor Degree in Architecture and Urb Class of 2018 Cairo, Egypt
The German University Campus in Study abroad Fall 2016 Berlin, Germany
The English School of Fahaheel ES IGCSE (University of Cambridge)
CURRICULM VITAE MOHAMED ABDELKAREEM
mohammedabdelkareem.myportfolio.com mohammedamrabdelkareem@gmail.com +201021236601 Cairo, Egypt
Class of 2012 Ahmadi, Kuwait
Work Experience
Feridiani Studio, D’aura Arquitectu Spain
Participated in Biblioteca Gabriel Ferrate ners)
- Developed landscape and floorplans design - Produced exploded axonometrics and 3D m - Designed the layout of the competition pan - Conducted researches on the topography a
Ökoplan Engineering Consultency
Architecture and Landscape design intern
- Designed facades for Makani Seniors’ house - Produced elevations/floorplans proposals. - Proposed and implemented landscape desig context.
The Polish Ministry of Education, U Wroclaw, Poland
Volunteering Teacher with AIESEC Uniwe Wrocławiu.
- Raised awareness on UN Millenium Develop among high school students in Wroclaw an - Engaged the students in workshops to help debating skills. - Lectured modern world issues such as, extre concerns, and introduced solutions to overc
nya UPC ctura de Barcelona
sign with an A+ grade.
UC
ban Design
n Berlin
SF
ura, July 2017, Barcelona,
er Competiton (Third Prize win-
ns alongside the design team. models. nels. and surrounding of the site.
y, July 2016, Cairo, Egypt
Languages Arabic English German
Native Language IELTS 7.0 ÖSD Zertifikat B2
Technical Skills Autocad Rhinocerous 5.0 Sketctup Pro Adobe Photoshop Adobe Indesign Adobe Illustrator Microsoft Office Revit Architecture
Extracurricular Activities AIESEC GUC
Outgoing Global Internship Programme OGIP 2013-2014
- Conducted interviews for students and post-graduates applying for programmes.
Finance and Logistics director 2014-2015
- Managed the accomodation for exchange students. - Launched the ‘Host Families’ program with my team members. - External & internal recruitment for the delegates.
‘BDAYA’ Charity Organization Public Relations member 2014
e.
- Creating weekly reports internally and externally. - Attending meetings with NGOs and proposing monthly plans
gns with a relation to the urban
‘Mashrou’a El Mareekh’
n.
UNDP, February 2013,
ersytet Ekonomiczny we
pment Goals MDG in public schools nd Nysa. p them develop communication and
eme poverty and envirnomental come presented issues.
Events organizer 2014
- Organized open-mic events for locals as plan to eleminate the social gap.
Publications The Impact of Social Behavior on a City’s Future 2017 Bachelor Thesis: Sewing the City - The Refined Glories 2017
Competitions Biblioteca Gabriel Ferrater Competiton Sant Cugat, Spain Dwell Mumbai Competition Mumbai, India Present 2
Former sugarcane fields, Cairo by Bas Princen
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Urban planning
Design Studio VI Prof. Holger Gladys The German University in Cairo in collaboration with Mahmoud Ragab Omar El Nashar Cairo, Egypt Fall 2017
The constant decline of the rural population and the concurrent rapid growth of megacities beyond a conceivable order is a phenomenon that apparently requires a new knowledge and infinite optimism if it comes to providing its inhabitants with adequate and equally affordable living and working environment. Modern western thinking tends to separate conditions, yet the enduring trend of increase in urban population and the subsequent expansion of metropolitan land calls the artificial divide into questions. The peri-urban area around Gizah district Al Haraniah becomes the testing ground to challenge current practice of parallel existence, promoting much needed 21st century design interpretations of a rural-urban blend. The studio is invited to imagine a construct ideas of a rural metropolis, to embrace the pace and scale of current urbanization while simultaneously boosting performance for greater efficiency and sustainability of source and production to grow, rear and distribute food close to the consumer in unprecedented and exciting ways.
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Overview In Understanding Cairo, David Sims claims that “in 1950 there were virtually no informal settlements around Cairo,” and that the first developments on agricultural land appeared in the early 1960’s following Gamal Abdel Nasser’s industrialization policies. State housing programs proved unable to cope with the ensuing rural migration. (1) A decade later, housing clusters were identified spreading incrementally on privately owned farmland in close proximity to existing rural villages just north of Cairo. Illegal urbanization on the city’s edges continued to thrive under Anwar Sadat’s and Hosni Mubarak’s terms in office, fueled by market liberalization policies and remittances from Egyptian male laborers in the Gulf. Marked by incremental construction, settlements predominantly follow property lines and the contours of feddans – the base unit of agricultural fields in Egypt comprising roughly 4,200 square meters of narrow strips of land, 100300 meters long and 6-17 meters wide, and framed by irrigation canals. After the January 2011 events, illegal developments accelerated – a possible consequence of the power vacuum left following the collapse of the ruling regime. There are no impediments to the mechanisms of present-day urbanization, which destroys thousands of hectares of arable land. Considering the absence of any form of control, incremental and self-built construction has evolved into a neoliberal speculative scheme. New semi-legal construction firms are currently engaged in an underhanded production of a real estate stock to be sold illicitly, but nonetheless in plain sight. This profitable mode of illegal construction is noticeable in the transformation of housing typologies, evolving from self-built, low-rise structures to semi-professionally built, fifteen-story towers. Bought as securities on the market, albeit within the framework of a grey economy, the dwelling units have owners, yet remain unoccupied. Informal construction at this stage of development points to the manner in which capital and financial forces have penetrated into what was normally a small-scale and self-built form of urban production. Approximately 60% of the twenty million inhabitants of the biggest city on the African continent and seventh largest metropolitan area in the world are living in so-called informal housing. Illegal urban sprawl has taken a dramatic turn as it expands on limited agrarian land. How can the future housing in Egypt play a pivotal role in overcoming the challenge of an estimated annual demand of 500,000 housing units, an anticipated demographic change with 60% of the population less than 30 years old, and around 800,000 jobs needed annually?
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URBAN SPRAWL HOW CITIES INFORMALLY EXPAND
PROPOSED
intr in t the urbanization tends to sprawl
the pockets of agricultural land are are turned into waste space and garbage dumps
the land becomes no longer suitable
this process causes a rapid urbanization of informal cores.
l a r p c
i p t
roducing multifunctional facilities the agriculture pockets.
the facilities act as a limitation element to borderise the expansion and preserve the agriculture lands.
legalizing the urbanization along side the canals and main roads would create a linear expansion, this would prevent the creation of massive urban cores.
The themes of permanence and instability are inherent to the urbanization dynamics of the Egyptian capital. Persistent urban growth shows that, while lacking services and public infrastructure, informal settlements are nonetheless successful in generating dense and affordable housing for the popular classes. However, construction of this type is accompanied by a risk, insofar as that no ‘real’ property titles exist, that it is still illegal to build on agrarian land, and that legalization rarely happens. Thus, the permanence of agrarian property lines and irrigation canals translated in urban form only echoes the instability of the buildings’ legitimate existence. The unabated development of these areas also questions both the apparent solidity of their construction and their financial mode. Proposed concept shows how introducing multifunctional facilities in the agricultural pockets would act as a limitation element to borderise the expansion and can lead to new urban expansion forms. in addition to rehabilitation of the existing canals that acts as an urban element and create a linear expansion to prevent the creation of massive informal urban cores. This gives room for increasing agriculture productivity and efficiency. The projects aim to enhance the living quality of the peri-urban area and establish collective urban formations that ultimately improve entire districts.
increasing the efficiency and productivity of the agriculture.
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Urban design + planning
THE REFINED GLORIES
Proposal for the reconnecting of Barcelona
Sewing the City and Shaping a New Center Bachelor Project and Thesis in Urban Design Prof. Rita Pinto De Freitas Escola Tecnica Superior d’Arquitectura de Barcelona in collaboration with Mahmoud Ragab Nathalie Magdi Barcelona, Spain Spring 2017
Barcelona, nowadays, is considered one of the most pioneering cities in the globe as it is internationally acknowledged for its advanced urban planning. This city has over-came many changes of the last decade in the social, environmental and economical spheres through establishing a new urban movement which requires applying the learning-based and data services, in which the planning of the city gives its individuals decent chances to live and work. To sum it up, Barcelona has been reshaped to become one kind of a city which offers a tremendously extraordinary urban environment for all its visitors. It has been 150 years since Ildefons Cerdà, author of Barcelona’s 19th century extension, envisaged Plaça de les Glòries to become the new centre of the Eixample and indeed the heart of the city itself. Due to its historical importance as entry point from the North and located where the main streets Diagonal, Meridiana and Gran Via intersect, the site forms the geometric centre and backbone of the Cerdà Plan. Despite transformations over the decades, like the construction of the emblematic elevated ring road, its potential as an urban hub has never been unlocked. A place of transit rather than a meeting place; it has since been dominated and fragmented by road traffic. Its strategic location and complexity also shows the importance of the site and the potential it has to transform the city. The design of les Glòries should clarify the role that this space wants to play in the future metropolitan Barcelona. An urban vision to establish strategies that allow les Glories to formulate a new urban reality of the city. Les Glories can be the seed of a paradigm shift, a radical transformation in the organization of the contemporary city. 20
The City
Les Glories
Lack of greenery Barcelona has a lack of green spaces; it has only 6.6 sq metres of green space per inhabitant. According to the World Health Organisation, each city should have at least 9 sq metres of green space per capita. Barcelona is one of the cities with more vehicles and with one of the highest indexes of contamination in Europe. About 95% of Barcelona’s Eixample’s surface is covered with buildings, paved sidewalks and asphalt. Only 5% of its surface is not paved and therefore permeable.
Placa de les Glories in Barcelona, is a void in the city it is located geographically in the center of the city. les Glories has the potential to be the key element in urban transformation of Barcelona due to its strategical location and significance. Les Glories can be the seed of a paradigm shift, a radical transformation in the organization of the contemporary city. In February 2013, Barcelona City Council announced a competition to design Placa de les Glories as the new center of the city, and to define its architectural limits. Terms and conditions were based on agreements between the neighboring areas and the political groups. Despite transformations over the decades, like the construction of the emblematic elevated ring road, its potential as an urban hub has never been unlocked. A place of transit rather than a meeting place; it has since been dominated and fragmented by road traffic. les Glories sensitivity is a constrain that history have made. It is the intersection of the three main axis in the city, Diagonal, Meridiana and Gran Via Along with it being the melting point of all the urban fabrics, makes it very hard to develop this senstive urban space. Its strategic location and complexity also shows the importance of the site and the potential it has to transform the city.
Traffic & Air pollution Barcelona is currently facing excessive air pollution and noise levels according to several studies, air pollution alone causes 3,500 premature deaths a year in Barcelona’s metropolitan area (with a population of 3.2 million), as well as having severe effects on local ecosystems and agriculture. Barcelona and the 35 municipalities in its surrounding area have persistently failed to meet EU-established air quality targets. A study determined that 1,200 deaths could be prevented in the city yearly just by reaching EU-mandated levels for nitrogen dioxide levels. Housing Barcelona is currently facing a serious problem due to the lack of social housing/affordable housing, along with not fairly distrubuted uses in the city, resulting in deactivation of a significant urban spaces with high potential such as les Glories.
Placa de les Glories 2005
Placa de les Glories 2017 22
Disconnection of Glories les Glories is the melting point of all the excisting urban fabrics of Barcelona, it is where Exiample meets Poble Nou, Sant Marti and Ciutat Vella, giving it the potential to be a focal point for the connection of Barcelona. Despite of its significance in the urban structure les Glories is disconnected from the city in terms of urban contunuity, it is an isolated urban reality that exists in the city. New ways of understanding the city are arising around principles such as sustainability, liveable cities, knowledge economies or rethinking of urban values. Walkability is a key to achieving increasingly sustainable urban models, in the environmental, social and economic senses.
Proximity, in general, facilitates human interaction, eco- nomic efficiency and social cohesion. More specifically, reducing distances between housing, jobs and services, makes it possible to reduce the kilometres travelled in motorised vehicles, in conjunction with an improvement in the accessibility for people’s everyday mobility. Our objective is creating a walkable environment along the city main interactions and les Glories by implementing different nodes every 450 meter distance that allows a flow of people through the deactivated areas of the site.
Aims Our Aim is not only connecting les Glories to the city of Barcelona but also to take on the design of the urban space in a fully open manner, exploring and working with the characteristic complexity and dynamics of the City. Implementing a strategy on different scales that would serve reforming and reactivating the city. We aim to find the opportunities not the complexities, taking advantage of the exsiting uses and facilities rather than implementing new uses that already exists, understanding les glories in different scales to be able to implement a space that blends with the surrounding urban fabrics. We must go beyond simply considering it as a zone that the city has to complete or the definition of a built perimeter configuring a square
Les Glories is the melting point of four urban districts that have different urban that makes it difficult to solve its complexity. Our objective is to expand les Glories until Ciutat Vella (refer to figure 9) which makes it no longer an identical square rather a key element, an expanded urban fabric that blends and connects the different urban districts together. les Glories is going to be a transformation space that creates a cohesion between the different urban realities in Barcelona. The objective of this plot expanding is to dicover more oppurtunties in the site and to understand Glories from a different perspective.
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Design Mechanism
Plot Topography
Axis (Diagonal, Meridiana & Gran via)
Subdivisions
Green Nodes
Visual Connection
Continuous Nodes
Center Shifting
In order to take out the senstivity of les Glories , we started analyzing the exsiting opportunties in the site and try to precieve Glories in another perspective not in the identical image of the square. We are proposing the extension of the Cerda grid North the site until it reaches Diagonal (refer to legend (1) in figure 18). The proposed blocks will have a different uses (social housing, student housing and business offices) to act as an continuious elevation for Avinguda Diagonal, and provide the site with different uses.
By expanding the grid, Glories is no longer the identical void the city have been dealing with, giving an oppurtuntiy to the exsiting uses such as the Flea Market, Teatre Nacional de Catalunya, Museu de la Musica along with other uses that will be proposed to act as new center (refer to legend (2))
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Masterplan The proposed Masterpan is a way of redefining Glories and solving its historical complexity that were made over history, it illustrates the future of this critical square in the city and how it would react to the city in the future and formulate a new urban reality to the city with its mixed distributed uses that serves its location, along with various public spaces starting from Arc de Triomf to Barcelona Nord station park along with the new shifted center surrounded by educational and cultural uses and the extension of Parc del Clot penetrating the site and giving a continuity to La Sagrera with a linear park. We believe in rehabilitating and improving the energetic efficiency of the existing buildings. A model for more sustainable urban growth.and model to extend to all of the city’s buildings. We are offering a Future scenarios that our generation cannot presently anticipate.
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Futuristic Green Corridor The proposal we are making for les Glories, and by extension, for a new way of understanding urban development. We are proposing an activation of the entire area, the management of the meantime as a possibility and develop a dynamics of the future possibilties, rather than a restricted urban design which only serves the needs of the present. We propose designing les Glories to allow the contuniuty to the north (La Sagrera) along with proposed urban design for the La Sagrera railway station (refer to figure 20) to create a blended urban fabric through the green corridor that would establish a first step for the urban development for the North/East Barcelona.
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Design Layers
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Housing
LA PLATEFORME
Proposal for mixed-income housing project in New Cair Design Studio IV Prof. Monique JĂźtter The German University in Cairo Individual project Cairo, Egypt Spring 2016
This project is targeting one of Egypt’s major problems which is the gap between the social hierarchy, which led to the existense of multicultures with different backgrounds , different educational and thinking background, completely different ethics and manners. This project aim is integrating the social gaps and creating a common platform between the new generations, and between the wealthy and the poor, in an initiative to minimizie the gap and achieve a social blend.
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OVERVIEW Cairo As the capital city, Cairo is the only truly metropolitan city of Egypt. Including surrounding new towns and suburbs Cairo has a population of approximately 16 million making it the most populous metropolitan area in Africa and one of the most densely populated cities in the world. This exceptional condition as a mega city makes Cairo an ecology of its own, totally independent from the Valley and the Delta. Presented since 1950 as the solution to all urban problems, new cities have flourished in the deserts around Cairo. Colossal amounts of money and resources have been spent in the name of a modern Egypt, all of which have yet to show success. New Cairo New Cairo is a city covering an area of about 30,000 hectares (70,000 acres) on the southeastern edge of Cairo Governorate. New Cairo is one of the new cities, which have been built, in and around Cairo to alleviate the congestion in downtown Cairo. It was established in the year 2000 by presidential decree . The city could eventually host a population of 5 million. When compared to 6th of October, also built with the hopes of alleviating the strain on Cairo, more homes are being rented out in New Cairo than in 6th of October. Regardless of the rapid urban expansion and rise in population, spatial segregation intensifies social segregation. The current planning practice contributes to a spatial structure on the street and road network generating social and physical segregation between neighbourhoods. The spatial relationship between local centres and the overall metropolitan network fragments in comparison to the past. This contribution shows the implications of the spatial configuration of the street network on the socio-economic profile in neighbourhoods in Cairo. The Site The site is located in the southern east of New Cairo among residential and commercial courter. Additionally the location of the site is on fair distance from various private universities campuses. Regardless the number of campuses in new Cairo, there are no student-housing projects nor fair supply of studio apartments as the developers are always targeting family houses/villas.
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CONCEPT Mixed income housing development includes diverse types of housing units, such as apartments, town homes, and/or single-family homes for a people with a range of income levels. Mixed income housing may include housing that is priced based on the dominant housing market with only a few units priced for lower-income residents, or it may not include any market-rate units and be built exclusively for low- and moderate-income residents. Designing a compound to integrate the elderly, the poor, the intellectual and youth and achieving a social blend withn the different hierarchy. The project has four housing Typologies; Studio apartments, family apartments and Student-housing and Community/learning center. The Community center is the main key for the social blend, it has no age limitations and no social sagrigation. it will act as an public open school for locals who are seeking education/skill-learning, For instance, language, art, math, etc. The university students in the compund can take part as a tutor in the school and will get a 25% dedaction from the rent. Self-sustaining compund is the main aim. Student housing has 408 single/shared rooms. its designed to integrate and create a common platform between the students. The studio apartments has 16 apartments per floor with 2 entrances/exits. The housing typology is designed to suit the Elder people who are interested in this social platform that they actually need without feeling stuck and prisoned in an elder house. In Maslow‘s Hierarchy of needs Self Actualization comes at the top of the pyramid is level of need refers to what a person‘s full potential is and the realization of that potential. Maslow describes this level as the desire to accomplish everything that one can, to become the most that one can be and too add something to the society. Our idea is going to reach the solution for the social gap through the following: when the orphans recieves education by university students they will grow up with no less social gap a common way of thinking and vice versa, when such social blend happen, the fear and the gap is going to be eleminated. as well as the elder people and the new generation will break the lack of understanding between them.
Social Networks
Through interaction with residents of other incomes, mixed income housing will provide lower income residents with new social networks, enhanced social capital, and access to new networks for employment.
Social Control
Higher income residents will call for an increased level of accountability around particular rules and norms in the neighborhood, yielding more order and safety.
Behavioral Modification
Higher income residents will serve as role models for lower income residents around home ownership, work ethic, and other individual actions.
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FORM GENERATION
Two main green areas represented as two main nodes in the compound, they are connected to a smaller nodes in each typology.
Axis system, and the two black dotes represent the main nodes of the compound
FACTS & FIGURES -----------------------------------------------------------------------------plotsize m2 38000 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------building footprint m2 15376 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------total gross area m2 55130 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------FAR (floor area ratio) 1.45 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE RESIDENTIAL UNITS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------APT. SIZE SHARE AMOUNT PARKING m2 % pcs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------apt. < 50m2 70 407 330 2 apt. 150m 30 60 70 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------TOTAL 100 467 400 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TYPOLOGY C STUDENT HOUSING
PUBLIC
TYPOLOGY A STUDIO APARTMENTS
C PARK
TYPOLOGY D COMMUNITY CENTER
TYPOLOGY B FAMILY APARTMENTS
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LA PLATEFORME TYPOLOGY A STUDIO APARTMENTS A-studios apartments are not introduced ,yet, in New Cairo, since the urban strategy in New Cairo is focused mainly on the Family Residential housing. The main focus of this housing typology is to provide a suitable apartment in size and function for bachelor people/two people maximum and it is designed to be Elderly Friendly.
TYPOLOGY B FAMILY APARTMENTS This housing typology consists of four apartments per floor sharing a suitable gallery space and an outdoor space with greenery as a platform for social interaction and communication. This Typology is mainly designed for families of five people maximum, as an initiative to have different residents conditions in the compound.
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TYPOLOGY C STUDIO APARTMENTS This housing typology is mainly designed as a rental housing for university students. A-Student housing are not introduced yet, in Egypt, since the all the students are dependent on University dorms or family apartments which actually are not fairly suitable for the students in sizes and functionality. this typology is designed to be the first student housing provided with suitable services such as fitness Studios, laundry, study rooms, library and indoor lounge and acts as a students social platform thats .easily integrates the students together
Ground floor plan
Typical floor plan
TYPOLOGY D COMMUNITY CENTER This Community center is actually the main key of integration between different social classes through learning/social interaction with no age or social restirictions. The classrooms could be used for various learning classes, classrooms could also be rented for any learning/presenting purpose. the workshops provide a practical learning skills (practicum) in a specialized field of study, that gives students supervised practical application of a previously or concurrently studied theory. The Community center provides a daily learning classes for orphans from New Cairo Orphanages and Elders willing to take part in a certain classes. University Student living in the student housing could take part as a volunteer- teacher with a rent dedaction in return. common platform between all social/age groups.
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04 BIBLIOTECA GABRIEL FERRATER COMPETITION Third-prize winning Competition. Internship in Feridiani Studio and D’aura Arquitectura Design Team. Barcelona, Spain August 2017
The space was opened on May 10, 1993 and the architects Antoni de Moragues and Irene Sánchez are responsible for their design. The library is attached to the Libraries Network of the Diputació de Barcelona and its objective is to meet the needs of information, training, culture and leisure of the citizens of Sant Cugat. In the short term, the City Council announced a competition to build a new Central Library next to the current one, which is much larger. The current building of the Gabriel Ferrater Library would become a space of plastic arts. The building is located next to the Municipal Music School and Theater Auditorium and there are novels, movies, music, Internet, theater, poetry, stories, workshops, reading clubs, document lending, local collection, guided visits and meetings with authors.
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EXP
APPROACH
Interactive design that interacts with the landscape as mono-element, not as a foreign element erected in the site. The design
DESIGN ELEMENTS
Circulation outside the library during day and night
Creating visual connection through topographical roof
Facade Design
PLODED AXNOMETRIC OF FLOOR PLANS
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05 HANDSKETCHES
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