Graduation thesis by Mohammed Tayan

JORDAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

ECO-SUSTAINABLE HEALTH CENTER AND HOT SPRING RESORT Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ian, Dead Sea, Kingdom of Jordan

ARCH 591: Graduation project (1) Section (1) First Semester, 2018/2019

Prepared by: Mohammed Al-Tayan ID No: 109313

Supervised by: Prof. Ahmad S. Attia

7 / 11 / 2018

ABSTRACT

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Even people who aren't sick may not have optimal wellness.â&#x20AC;? Brian Carter

Health center and hot spring resort at dead sea Jordan is the project to create the ultimate mental wellness, where users tend to visit to complete their souls through a series of natural medical environment that eliminates the discomfort and achieve the optimal wellness state. The project is combination of 3 main zones: The health center where users tend to check on the achievement of their wellness state, the Hot springs area where the user achieve this optimal wellness through blending with natures core elements and bond with the surrounding and the residential area where life gets simple at this resort to achieve highest of life standard. The resort will be highly sustainable where itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s environmentally sustainable and works on passive technologies to create its energy with a net zero energy consumption.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 Design Brief .......................................................................................................... 1 Why this project .................................................................................................... 1 Goals and objectives.............................................................................................. 2 Main components .................................................................................................. 2 Design style ........................................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 Ecology design ................................................................................................ 3 1.1.2 Energy ............................................................................................................. 3 1.1.3 Ecological Integrity ......................................................................................... 3 1.1.4 Sustainability ................................................................................................... 4 1.1.5 Economic sustainability .................................................................................. 5 1.1.6 Social sustainability ........................................................................................ 5 1.1.7 Environmental sustainability........................................................................... 5 1.1.8 Sustainable Building Materials ....................................................................... 5 1.1.9 Sustainable Waste Management Systems ....................................................... 6 1.1.10 Health Centers ................................................................................................. 6 1.1.11 Resorts ............................................................................................................. 6

Users ...................................................................................................................... 7 Site selection criteria ........................................................................................................... 8 ........................................................................................................................................... 10 Site requirements ................................................................................................. 10 Site Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 12 General site context ............................................................................................. 12 Religious Significance......................................................................................... 15

LOCATION ..................................................................................................... 16 1.1.12 Physical data, land and adjacent land ............................................................ 17 SOIL ................................................................................................................ 18 Typography...................................................................................................... 22 CLIMATE ....................................................................................................... 24 Specific site study ............................................................................................ 30 1.1.13 Access ........................................................................................................... 30 1.1.14 Climate .......................................................................................................... 30 1.1.15 Topography ................................................................................................... 31 ........................................................................................................................................... 32 SIMILAR CASE STUDIES ............................................................................................. 33 Fusheng yu hot spring Resort / AIM Architecture in china ............................ 34 1.1.16 Why this project? .......................................................................................... 34 1.1.17 Project identification ..................................................................................... 34 1.1.18 Concept: ........................................................................................................ 35 1.1.19 Access: .......................................................................................................... 35 1.1.20 Zoning According to privacy ........................................................................ 37 1.1.21 Zoning According to Housing type ............................................................... 38 1.1.22 The public area .............................................................................................. 39 1.1.23 Area ratio ....................................................................................................... 40 1.1.24 Conclusions: .................................................................................................. 45 Monterey Bay Shores Eco Resort in California .............................................. 46 1.1.25 Why this project ............................................................................................ 46 1.1.26 Concept ......................................................................................................... 46 1.1.27 Access ........................................................................................................... 47 iii

1.1.28 Zoning ........................................................................................................... 49 1.1.29 Form .............................................................................................................. 51 1.1.30 Passive technique .......................................................................................... 54 1.1.31 Conclusion..................................................................................................... 56 Bab Al Shams RESORT AND SPA at Dubai ................................................. 57 1.1.32 General information ...................................................................................... 57 1.1.33 Concept and main ideas. ............................................................................... 58 1.1.34 Why this project. ........................................................................................... 59 1.1.35 Analysis: ........................................................................................................ 59 1.1.36 Surroundings ................................................................................................. 61 1.1.37 Landscape. ..................................................................................................... 62 1.1.38 Water Bodies used in project as landscape element. ..................................... 64 1.1.39 Ratio of water feature to green areas to build space. .................................... 66 1.1.40 Major components. ........................................................................................ 67 1.1.41 Events features and facilities. ........................................................................ 70 1.1.42 Conclusions: .................................................................................................. 71 Program and Zoning ......................................................................................................... 72 Table of Accommodation ................................................................................ 74 ........................................................................................................................................... 75 ........................................................................................................................................... 77 ........................................................................................................................................... 78 ........................................................................................................................................... 79 ........................................................................................................................................... 80 Initial Zoning ................................................................................................... 82 Design constrains .............................................................................................................. 83 iv

1.2

Theme .................................................................................................................. 83

1.3

Case Study Conclusions ...................................................................................... 83

1.4

Structure .............................................................................................................. 85

1.5

Flexibility and adaptability.................................................................................. 86

1.5.1 Expansion ...................................................................................................... 86 1.6

SAFETY .............................................................................................................. 86

1.6.1

1.7

High risk areas............................................................................................... 87

Engineering services ........................................................................................... 87

Philosophy and concept .................................................................................................... 89 1.8

Sustainability ....................................................................................................... 89

1.9

Ecology Design ................................................................................................... 90

Design implementation ..................................................................................................... 91 References ......................................................................................................................... 95

List of Figures Page Number Figure 1: Why this project .................................................................................................. 1 Figure 2: Main components ................................................................................................ 2 Figure 3: Shows the cycle of ecological integrity ............................................................... 4 Figure 4: Users .................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 5: Proposed site 1 North Shuneh ............................................................................. 8 Figure 6: Ma'ian site map .................................................................................................... 9 Figure 7: Ma'ian site map .................................................................................................... 9 Figure 8 : Site locations with respect to Jordan ................................................................ 10 Figure 9 : Site requirements .............................................................................................. 10 Figure 10 : Site photography............................................................................................. 11 Figure 11: Site ecology ..................................................................................................... 11 Figure 12: Site location ..................................................................................................... 12 Figure 13: Decreasing water surface area of Dead sea. .................................................... 13 Figure 14: Dead sea canal. ................................................................................................ 14 Figure 15: religious significance ....................................................................................... 15 Figure 16: Site location. .................................................................................................... 16 Figure 17: Adjacent structures. ......................................................................................... 17 Figure 18: Proposed site location. ..................................................................................... 17 Figure 19: Demographic map. .......................................................................................... 18 Figure 20: Soil in dead sea. ............................................................................................... 19 Figure 21: mud in the dead sea. ........................................................................................ 20 Figure 22: Soil type spread. .............................................................................................. 21 Figure 23: Typography. .................................................................................................... 22 Figure 24: Sequential model. ............................................................................................ 23 Figure 25: Hydrology. ....................................................................................................... 24 Figure 26: Annual rainfall. ................................................................................................ 26 Figure 27: Pressure. .......................................................................................................... 28 Figure 28: Rainfall in jordan. ............................................................................................ 29 vi

Figure 29 : Access paths to site......................................................................................... 30 Figure 30 : Climate study to site ....................................................................................... 30 Figure 31 : Site Topography ............................................................................................. 31 Figure 32: Mountain and valley. ....................................................................................... 32 Figure 33: Natural Site features ........................................................................................ 32 Figure 34: Site selection.................................................................................................... 32 Figure 35: Site plan. .......................................................................................................... 34 Figure 36: Entry. ............................................................................................................... 35 Figure 37: Streets of the project. ....................................................................................... 36 Figure 38: Street types. ..................................................................................................... 36 Figure 39: Zoning of the project according to privacy. .................................................... 37 Figure 40: Showing the housing zone. .............................................................................. 38 Figure 41: Public zone. ..................................................................................................... 39 Figure 42: Section. ............................................................................................................ 39 Figure 43: Circulation. ...................................................................................................... 40 Figure 44: Vertical zoning of the public zone. ................................................................. 40 Figure 45: Green areas 30%. ............................................................................................. 41 Figure 46: Water features.................................................................................................. 42 Figure 47: The ratio of spaces. .......................................................................................... 43 Figure 48: Interior shots. ................................................................................................... 44 Figure 49: Approach. ........................................................................................................ 47 Figure 50: Project site plan. .............................................................................................. 48 Figure 51: Main functions of the project. ......................................................................... 48 Figure 52: Project zoning. ................................................................................................. 49 Figure 53: Diagram. .......................................................................................................... 49 Figure 54: Project program. .............................................................................................. 50 Figure 55: Sequential zoning. ........................................................................................... 50 Figure 56: Site diagram. .................................................................................................... 51 Figure 57: Sections ........................................................................................................... 52 Figure 58: Energy theory. ................................................................................................. 53 Figure 59: Energy saving techniques. ............................................................................... 54 vii

Figure 60: Monterey Bay Shores green roof effective insulation and horizontal wind turbines .......................................................................................................................................... 55 Figure 61: Bab al shams resort and spa at dubai. .............................................................. 57 Figure 62: Location of Bab al shams resort and spa. ........................................................ 58 Figure 63: Elevation. ......................................................................................................... 59 Figure 64: 3D shot of the project. ..................................................................................... 59 Figure 65: Approach. ........................................................................................................ 60 Figure 66: Landmarks. ...................................................................................................... 61 Figure 67: Ecological environment. .................................................................................. 62 Figure 68: Vegetation. ...................................................................................................... 62 Figure 69: Exterior shot. ................................................................................................... 63 Figure 70: Spaces integration with landscape. .................................................................. 63 Figure 71: Exterior shots. .................................................................................................. 63 Figure 72: pool. ................................................................................................................. 64 Figure 73: Section. ............................................................................................................ 64 Figure 74: Shots. ............................................................................................................... 65 Figure 75: Ventilation system. .......................................................................................... 65 Figure 76: Heritage majlis offers room. ............................................................................ 67 Figure 77: Meeting rooms.Figure 76: Heritage majlis offers room. ................................. 67 Figure 77: Meeting rooms. ................................................................................................ 67 Figure 80: Entrance to party venue and indoor venues for banquets.Figure 77: Meeting rooms............................................................................................................................................. 67 Figure 78: Open-space venue............................................................................................ 68 Figure 82: Al hadeerah and masala.Figure 78: Open-space venue. .................................. 68 Figure 79: State of the art meeting and outdoor gala dinner for 500. ............................... 68 Figure 78: Open-space venue.Figure 79: State of the art meeting and outdoor gala dinner for 500. .......................................................................................................................................... 68 Figure 80: Entrance to party venue and indoor venues for banquets. ............................... 68 Figure 79: State of the art meeting and outdoor gala dinner for 500.Figure 80: Entrance to party venue and indoor venues for banquets................................................................................. 68 Figure 81: Al Forsan venue and rooftop venues. .............................................................. 69 viii

Figure 13: Decreasing water surface area of Dead sea.Figure 81: Al Forsan venue and rooftop venues. .............................................................................................................................. 69 Figure 82: Al hadeerah and masala. .................................................................................. 69 Figure 81: Al Forsan venue and rooftop venues.Figure 82: Al hadeerah and masala. ..... 69 Figure 83 : Main components ........................................................................................... 72 Figure 84 :Sub-componentsFigure 83 : Main components ............................................... 72 Figure 85: Zoning of health center sectorTable 9 : Shows health center zone ................. 76 Figure 85: Zoning of health center sector ......................................................................... 76 Figure 86 : Zoning of Residential sectorTable 10: Residential Zone ............................... 77 Figure 86 : Zoning of Residential sector........................................................................... 77 Figure 87: Zone of hot spring and spa sector .................................................................... 78 Figure 88 Zoning of Services sectorTable 11 : Hotspring and spa zone .......................... 78 Figure 89: Project whole zoningTable 12 : Services zone................................................ 79 Figure 88: Zoning of Services sector ................................................................................ 79 Figure 89: Project whole zoning ....................................................................................... 80 Figure 90: Total area and percentFigure 89: Project whole zoning .................................. 80 Figure 90: Total area and percent ..................................................................................... 81 Figure 91: Zone ratio. ....................................................................................................... 81 Figure 92: Initial zoning.Figure 91: Zone ratio. ............................................................... 81 Figure 92: Initial zoning.................................................................................................... 82 Figure 92: Initial zoning.................................................................................................... 82 Figure 1: Passive design.................................................................................................... 83 Figure 2: showing universal structure design ................................................................... 85 Figure 3: Column and beam modular example ................................................................. 86 Figure 4: High risk area .................................................................................................... 87 Figure 5: main physical concept of the HVAC system..................................................... 88 Figure 6: louver Alternatives ............................................................................................ 88

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Comparison between the two sites ....................................................................... 9 Table 2: Temperature ranges of dead sea climate. ............................................................ 25 Table 3: Comparison of major elements in the dead sea. ................................................. 26 Table 4: Comparison. ........................................................................................................ 33 Table 5: Main categories of activities. .............................................................................. 67 Table 6: Table of Accommodations .................................................................................. 74 Table 7: Table of Accomidations ...................................................................................... 74 Table 8: Table of Accommodations .................................................................................. 75 Table 9 : Shows health center zone................................................................................... 76 Table 10: Residential Zone ............................................................................................... 77 Table 11 : Hotspring and spa zone .................................................................................... 78 Table 12: Services zone. ................................................................................................... 79

INTRODUCTION Design Brief One of Jordan’s medical natural resources is the foundation of mineral water fountains. This water contains many useful materials such as sodium, potassium, sulfur, copper, zinc and calcium which help with the thermal nature of the water to cure many diseases such as respiratory issues, joint problems such as rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases and nerve dis-functioning. This resource has suffered from functional misuse around the sites, this made it hidden and not used. Why this project A study done by NCBI foundation showed that 34 percent of Jordan’s population lacked from joint damage and is paid up to 500,000 JD on their medical needs annually by the government {1}. As in USA 37% of the population suffer from Joint damage with one third of the group aged between 18-64 years with 3,000,000 children who paid annually 304 billion on their domestic products {2}. Thermal Waters are known for the their extreme benefits in curing of damaged joints and sore muscles do to the natural minerals in water such as sodium, calcium, chloride, radon, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.{3} Jordan is country of 89,342 km² surface area with 5 sources of thermal water with only 2 places of intervention but in a poor condition for touristic usage canceling the opportunities if provides for the local and foreign tourism {4}. Ma’ian alone provides 63 different hot springs with different temperature which gives a high variety of healing experiences {3}.

Figure 1: Why this project 1

Goals and objectives This project aim to create a health care resort that meets the design quality needed. This resort will aim touch the human chakras through peacefully comforting environment which helps heal the mental and physical aspects of the body though an eco-sustainable approach where the project will blend with the surrounding nature fusing the user with the core of the site.

Main components The project will consist of 4 main components which are the residential zone, medical zone, recreational zone and the services zone, each component is divided to multi-subzones. The residential will house 20 different units which varies between cabins, houses and apartments. The medical sector will consist of physical therapy clinics and other outpatient clinics .the recreational zone will consists of the public and private hot springs and the mediation platform through a designed landscape.

Figure 2: Main components

Design style

1.1.1 Ecology design Is any form of design that minimizes environmentally destructive impacts by integrating itself with living processes. To design for the environment there are 5 main aspects to be taken in consideration such as the energy usage of the building ,the water intake of the building ,materials used and there effect on the nature ,how the project deals with the site and the indoor air quality of the project .

1.1.2 Energy The energy consumption of the building is divided into 2 main categories of energy source renewable energy and non-renewable energy. There are many sources of renewable energy such as solar energy geothermal energy, hydroelectric energy, wind energy and natural biomass. As for non-renewable sources there are the nuclear energy and the fossil fuel source. There are two ways of energy usage Active energy design and passive energy design usage. Passive systems are self-sufficient buildings which rely on natural principles instead of mechanical systems to provide a non-polluting source of heating and cooling. Active systems tend to use nonmechanical systems such as solar panels, wind turbines and water turbines to transform new energy to the building. 1.1.3 Ecological Integrity Ecological integrity is the Water quality & consumption Green space Air quality Waste diversion, GHG emission reduction urban biodiversity. Ecosystems are extremely complex. The three primary elements of an ecosystem are its structure, composition and function as shown in figure 2: {7} â&#x20AC;˘

Ecosystem structure refers to all of the living and non-living physical components that make up that ecosystem. The more components that make up an ecosystem, the more complex its structure becomes.

â&#x20AC;˘

Ecosystem composition refers to the variety of living things found within an ecosystem.

â&#x20AC;˘

Ecosystem function refers to all of the natural ecological processes that occur within an ecosystem

Figure 3: Shows the cycle of ecological integrity

1.1.4 Sustainability â&#x20AC;&#x153;Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. â&#x20AC;&#x153; One of the most important goals in achieving sustainability in architecture is energy efficiency over the lifetime of a building. This means implementing both passive and active techniques to reduce the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s energy needs and enhance their ability to capture or even generate their own energy. {4}

Sustainability is globally categorized to three main aspects of developments which are:{5} 1- Economic sustainability 2- Social sustainability 3- Environmental sustainability

1.1.5 Economic sustainability Is the sustainability type that relates to management and control of the incomes and this is achieved by development of the industry of the building and the infrastructure and stable manner. {5}

1.1.6 Social sustainability Is the approach where the design targets the protection of the cultures and elimination of poverty creating stability.it also targets users equality and design for te user needs such as the design of users with disabilities in the project allowing them to with reach all the project’s experience.{5}

1.1.7 Environmental sustainability Is the approach where the design works on retaining the site elements and allow minimum usage of its resources such fresh water and natural ecology in the site.it also works on protecting the ecosystem of original site user such as animals. The conservation of the original form to allow the zone to regenerate after the usage.{5}

1.1.8 Sustainable Building Materials When addressing sustainability in architecture, it’s important that the choice of building materials doesn’t have a negative impact on the environment. Recycled materials such as reclaimed lumber can help to reduce the energy consumption that goes into manufacturing new materials {6}. When older buildings are demolished, useable wood is usually reclaimed and renewed, allowing these materials to be retrofit and serve a new purpose, together with old doors, windows, mantels and hardware. {5}

Sustainability in architecture also means using low-impact building materials wherever possible. Insulation made from recycled denim or cellulose that are low VOC (volatile organic compound) emitting are preferable, as are milk-based paints. While many “green” products still

contain naturally occurring VOCs, they tend to be of a lower intensity and amount than their counterparts. {4}

1.1.9 Sustainable Waste Management Systems To achieve sustainability in architecture, it’s also important to address how household byproducts will be handled in a low-impact manner. Systems need to be built into the design that will manage things like gray water harvesting for garden beds, composting toilets to reduce sewage and water usage, as well as on-site food waste composting. Each element can help to significantly reduce a household’s waste well into the future. {4}

1.1.10 Health Centers A health center is one of a network of clinics staffed by a group of general practitioners and nurses providing health services to people in a certain area.

1.1.11 Resorts 1.1.11.1 Eco- resort The “eco-resort” means a friendly environment development of the area and has assumed the figure of a concept of resorts whose localizations and destinations offer a set of products, services and animation related to the environmental questions. Referred by Baud-Bovy (1998) a resort is essentially a place developed for the sojourn of tourists, providing multiple facilities for their accommodation, recreation, entertainment, rest and other needs. Through the concentration of facilities, the resort acquires an identity and character: it becomes a specific place to go to and to enjoy in its own right, in addition to serving as a gateway to other resources in the area. Tourist resorts enable the best use to be made of infrastructure and land and operational services. {6} Sustainability in the built environment is a result of the subjects related to the built environment acting in line with the laws of all aspects in an integrated and balanced manner over the long term, and threats to sustainability come from going against or ignoring the laws of one or more aspects. The concept of environment was also evolving, at the same time - from an almost identity with nature and the physical quality of its components affecting mankind, to the perception 279 and evaluation of the surrounding universe, through social, economic, philosophical and

cultural criteria, focused on the more subjective goals of “quality of life” and “sustainable development”.{6} Users The projects attracts users of many different orientations but the main user in this project is the user aiming to achieve the healing experience where the user will find a fully functional space where he will be induced into recreational healing while being able to visit the health center zone to meet professionals for his/her condition. The second main user for this projects is the family seeking the recreational experience where they will be embedded into a wholesome experience ranging from one time entry and enjoyment of the spaces to long stay period where residential houses will provide the homey life will achieving all the recreational experience. One of the users are the staff of the project ranging from the recreational staff with organic circulation around the zones to the health center staff where they move in a proportional and steady circulation.

Figure 4: Users

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA Along Jordan’s topography surface the mineral water resource is found in various places which give various opportunities. The site should consist of a strong natural ecology to help in the binding effect of the function in addition to the availability of the water source. The topography of the site must show some slope matter to allow the vertical clustered of the function to allow privacy through the pools and to the housing units without losing of the view oriented coordination of the functions. Proposed site 1: To the north of Jordan, on the conjunction point of Jordan Palestine and Syria is the nocturnal landscaped site where water pumps through the valley of Jordan giving the enclosure need for the needed function. (32o14’39 N, 35o46’35)

Figure 5: Proposed site 1 North Shuneh

Proposed site 2: On the coast of the Dead Sea is the valley of Mai’in where a natural thermal waterfall. These falls originate from winter rainfalls in the highland plains of Jordan and eventually feed the 109 hot and cold springs in the valley. (31°35'49.6"N 35°33'48.6"E).

Figure 6: Ma'ian site map

Table 1: Comparison between the two sites Site

Location

Dimentions

Area

Views

Natural Elemants Adjecent structures

Proposed site 1 North of jordan -Shunah area 850 x 420 347,000 m2 blocked view towards out of the valley Zarqa River Proposed site 2 Dead sea area - mai'an zone 1410 X 810 11,400,000 m2 towards the dead sea Mai'an forest

King talal Dam NON

Access Follow of a minor street easy road frommain street

As seen in Table 1 and each site description, proposed site 2 is more suitable due to the larger site area, the site has an easier access there are no major structures assigning limitations, the site is on one of Jordan’s main tourism nodes in addition to the thermal water site.

Topography Valley mountain side

Figure 8 : Site locations with respect to Jordan

Site requirements The site should be view oriented, where the user should have the maximum view orientation in this case towards the see and the extraordinary natural scenery. The design of levels in this project layered so its best designed on a high slope to allow maximizing of the view elevation. The site should have a wide range of ecology to allow embedding of the site with the site and to allow blending of the thermal pools with the nature to allow a natural sensation.

Figure 9 : Site requirements

The site has an oriented view towards the sea while being embodied by the natural ecology of the site and the enclosing topography of the surrounding mountains giving the valley like topography which matches the site requirements.

Figure 10 : Site photography

Figure 11: Site ecology The Dead Sea area is a model area where creative land and asset management achieve: •

Integrated balanced economic growth.

•

Community development.

•

Innovative and diverse new tourism products.

•

Stewardship of a natural and cultural resources unique in the world.

•

Efficient management of Public land to create value for the region.

•

Protection of Unique Dead Sea landscape and environment.

SITE ANALYSIS

General site context

Site Description The Dead Sea is closed salt lake located in the Jordan Rift Valley under Syrian notch Africa, on the boundary line between Jordan and historic Palestine (the West Bank and Israel). Dead Sea is famous as the lowest point on the Earth's surface, where the level of beach was about 400 meters below sea level. The Dead Sea is situated between the hills of Judaea to the west and the Trans-Jordanian plateaus to the east. Before the water level began dropping, the lake was some 50 miles (80 km) long, attained a maximum width of 11 miles (18 km), and had a surface area of about 394 square miles (1,020 square km).

Figure 12: Site location The drop in the lake level in the late 20th and early 21st centuries changed the physical appearance of the Dead Sea. Most noticeably, the peninsula of Al-LisÄ n gradually extended eastward, until the lakeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s northern and southern basins became separated by a strip of dry land. In addition, the southern basin was eventually subdivided into dozens of large evaporation pools.

(for the extraction of salt), so by the 21st century it had essentially ceased to be a natural body of water. The northern basin—effectively now the actual Dead Sea—largely retained its overall dimensions despite its great loss of water, mainly because its shoreline plunged downward so steeply from the surrounding landscape.

Figure 13: Decreasing water surface area of Dead sea.

Another consequence resulting from the Dead Sea’s lower water level has been the appearance of sinkholes, especially in the southwestern part of the region. As the water in the lake dropped, it became possible for groundwater to rise up and dissolve large subterranean caverns in the overlying salt layer until the surface finally collapses. Several hundred sinkholes have formed, some of them in areas popular with tourists. Because of its location on the contested Jordanian-Israeli frontier, navigation on the Dead Sea is negligible. Its shores are nearly deserted, and permanent establishments are rare. Exceptions are the factory at Sedom, a few hotels and spas in the north, and, in the west, a kibbutz (an Israeli agricultural community) in the region of the ʿEnGedi oasis. Small cultivated plots are also occasionally found on the lakeshore.

Concern mounted quickly over the continued drop in the Dead Seaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s water level, prompting studies and calls for greater conservation of the Jordan Riverâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s water resources. In addition to proposals for reducing the amount of river water diverted by Israel and Jordan, those two countries discussed proposals for canals that would bring additional water to the Dead Sea. One such project, which received approval from both sides in 2015, would involve constructing a canal northward from the Red Sea.

Dead Sea Canal (channel Bahrain) Dead Sea Canal also called channel Bahrain project proposal to build a canal linking the Dead Sea and one of the open seas (the Red Sea or the Mediterranean), taking advantage of the 400-meter difference in water levels between the seas. Water flowing through the canal may offset the low level of the Dead Sea because of the diversion of water to Israel by Degania dam primarily on the connection between the Sea of Galilee and the Jordan River points. And the withdrawal of sweet water flows naturally to the Dead Sea to the Israeli, Palestinian and Jordanian irrigation devices.

Figure 14: Dead sea canal. 14

Also it aims to use the channel to generate hydroelectric power that could be used for the operation of desalting water which increases the amount of available drinking water and agriculture. It keeps coming idea incision Dead Sea canal many times since the mid-20th century, but experts rejected it for fear of the repercussions of unexpected environmental and installation of Dead Sea water. The governments of the countries concerned Verwdth political and economic reasons, for fear of the cost of the project without the full confidence of his success.

Religious Significance Dead Sea correlated historically story sodomites that are often mentioned in the holy books. And Lot is the son of Abraham's brother emigrated from Iraq to Syria in the nineteenth century BC. The sodomites are of Arab origin Qahtani origins date back to the Arabian Peninsula, lived south of the Dead Sea area after the first Arab immigration that came out of the Arabian Peninsula to the north, specifically the Levant. It was these people known sodomy. Scriptures have reported their story after that Lot got tired of them and despaired of converting them, Vtaradwa to torment led to the destruction of five villages exterminated. There were stories in the Qur'an twenty-seven times in the 14 Surat. The Lord of the Dead Sea in the Bible under various names such as the "Salt Sea" and "Sea Cart" and "East Sea" and Gerha.kma received the story of Lot in the Bible in several places in the book of Genesis.

Figure 15: religious significance

LOCATION Our site is located in Madaba governorate, south-west city Centre. It's accessible from Wadi Al-Ordon ST from north and south, which is also accessible from Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ian St from Madaba. The site has really few facilities nearby, Al-Ama'ari Farm from the north, Sehatty Resort from the east and some horse riding break, as seen the maps below.

Figure 16: Site location.

Figure 17: Adjacent structures.

1.1.12 Physical data, land and adjacent land

Figure 18: Proposed site location.

Figure 19: Demographic map.

SOIL The soil is full of minerals and is fertile. When you mention the Jordan Valley, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the best agricultural area in the country because there's water, appropriate soil and good climate for growing fruits and vegetables. The unique climatic conditions in the Dead Sea area make it a renowned site worldwide for the field of climate-therapy, which is a natural approach for the provision of medications for many human diseases including unusual exclusive salt composition of the water, a special natural mud, thermal mineral springs, solar irradiation, oxygen-rich and bromine-rich haze.

Figure 20: Soil in dead sea. Dead Sea Mud: The DS mud is derived from older sediments or the red-brown soils that are usually swept back into the sea during the winter time. It is well known for its therapeutic properties for skin diseases, as it contains a unique composition of minerals.

Dead Sea Salts: The Dead Sea is the most hyper saline water body on earth. Its water has pH value of about 6 and contains about 348 g/L mineral salts. When compared with other oceans and seas, the DS is more abundant in many elements, including chloride (212.4 g/l), magnesium (40.65 g/l), sodium (39.15 g/l), calcium (16.86 g/l), potassium (7.26 g/l), and bromide (5.12 g/l). Conversely, it has a lower concentration of sulfate (0.47 g/l), and bicarbonate (0.22 g/l)

It is also important to note that minerals have the capability in restoring moisture and enhancing intracellular water capacity due to their hygroscopic characteristics. Therefore, if absorbed into skin, they can contribute to the skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF)

Dead Sea Mud: The Dead Sea mud is rich in minerals which have antiseptic qualities, which helps the minerals absorb into the body while the top layer of skin is purified and cleansed. The Dead Sea mud is rich in magnesium, and natural bitumen, and silicates: the latter has a mask effect to the skin useful for cosmetic purpose.

Figure 21: mud in the dead sea. The black color of mud absorbs high sun rays, and acts as a photo-sensitizer when applied to the skin; also causing its temperature to rise retain its heat. The mud is capable of absorbing amounts of water up to 70% of its volume. Mud baths are mainly useful for arthroplasty, in stimulation of blood circulation around the affected joints, and so mud packs are effective in case of psoriatic arthritis.

Figure 22: Soil type spread.

Typography

Figure 23: Typography.

Figure 24: Sequential model.

Figure 25: Hydrology.

CLIMATE The Dead Sea is known for its unique climate. Firstly, the area has approx 330 sunny days a year. There is less than 50mm annual rainfall. Low humidity with dry air and constantly high temperatures are believed to ease the symptoms of asthma, cystic fibrosis and certain lung diseases. Sunlight at the Dead Sea is high in therapeutic UVA rays and low in burning UVB, so extended exposure is safe and low-risk. The filtering effect comes from a thick atmosphere: the Dead Sea is about 1,200 feet below sea level and the ozone layer above it has minimal depletion

Temperature

A large body of water, such as the Dead Sea, tends to modulate the temperatures around it. The area surrounding the Dead Sea averages a high of 38 degrees C (103 degrees F) in summer and 20 degrees C (68 degrees F) in winter. Water temperatures in the winter tend to be higher than temperatures on land, due to the large mass of the sea. In the summer, they tend to be cooler.

Table 2: Temperature ranges of dead sea climate.

A EB A

E AR

A PR

P AY

A UN

U UL

U UG

U EP

E CT

C OV

O EC

\ 02

AVG MAX TEM

AVG MIN TEM

HUM IDITY

Precipitation Although several springs flow into the sea, nothing flows out, which means any water lost by the sea is by evaporation into the atmosphere. Very little of it comes down. The annual rainfall in the region is less than 50 mm.

Figure 26: Annual rainfall.

Water Quality Table 3: Comparison of major elements in the dead sea.

As much as 35 percent of the Dead Sea water is composed of dissolved salts, including potassium, sodium and magnesium. All in all, there are 26 different minerals, 12 of which are found nowhere else in the world. On average, the water contains 345 g of salt per liter of water. The water is so saline that no aquatic life can survive in it, save certain salt-tolerant species of bacteria. Visitors to the sea often take baths in the surrounding black; mineral-rich mud and bathe in the surrounding freshwater thermal springs. The salt gives the water high buoyancy -anyone can float on it, almost without trying.

Sunlight and Seasons Little variation between seasons characterizes the Dead Sea region, and tourists flock there at all times of the year. Due to the relative lack of precipitation, the Dead Sea boasts year-round sunny skies, for an average of 330 sunny days per year. The incredibly low elevation of the sea allows far fewer harmful UV (particularly UVB) rays to penetrate, so visitors can stay in the sun longer without harming their health. Sunbathing in the Dead Sea is like no other place on Earth.

Air Quality The high barometric pressure also makes for extremely oxygen-rich air -- it has nearly 6 to 8 percent more air molecules per cubic meter than normal air. The air is also pollen-free, pollution-free and contains high quantities of bromine, which aid visitors in reducing nervous and muscle tension.

Wind The Dead Sea is a large elongated lake bounded on the east and the west by high and steep hills and relatively opened at the north and the south. Furthermore, it is situated within about 100 km from the Mediterranean. The average speeds are slightly higher in the summer than in the winter (4.0 m/s vs. 3.5 m/s) indicating that the driving forces, the Mediterranean Sea breeze, in particular, are somewhat stronger in the summer than in the winter. Easterly winds seem to be more prevalent and slightly weaker in the summer (11% and 1.6 m/s) than in the winter (6% and 2.0 m/s).

Figure 27: Pressure.

Rainfall

Rainfall is scarcely 100 mm (4 in) per year in the northern part of the Dead Sea and barely 50 mm (2 in) in the southern part. The Dead Sea zone's aridity is due to the rain shadow effect of the Judaean Mountains. The highlands east of the Dead Sea receive more rainfall than the Dead Sea itself. To the west of the Dead Sea, the Judaean Mountains rise less steeply and are much lower than the mountains to the east. Along the southwestern side of the lake is a 210 m (700 ft) tall halite formation called "Mount Sodom".

Figure 28: Rainfall in jordan.

Specific site study

1.1.13 Access The site has 2 main access roads connected by 3 minor roads and a sub minor road connecting two of the minor roads as shown in figure 8. The minor roads are roads directed to the sea view as show in figures 26.

Figure 29 : Access paths to site

1.1.14 Climate The site is warm around the year with a high moisture level, the site winds come from the northern west side and the sun path comes from the southeast of the site.

Figure 30 : Climate study to site

1.1.15 Topography The site is on a high sloped topography which varies along the site; the sea is on the lowest point of the site as show in figure 10 .the site is surrounded by 3 main mountains making the site a valley topography as shown in figure 12.

Figure 31 : Site Topography

Figure Natural and Site valley. features Figure 32:33: Mountain

The selected site area is about 200,000 meters squared which will consist of the resorts 4 main components which are the residential sector, the healthcare sector, the recreational sector and the services of the project all embedded in a landscaped environment. The site was selected for its richness of ecology, the nearness to the water source and its high ground foreseeing the Dead sea and its direct relationship to the minor street serving the parcel. Thus resulting in the complete requirements of the site needed.

Figure 34: Site selection 32

SIMILAR CASE STUDIES The cases chosen are concentrated to cover the current need for the planning phase of the project on this site. The discussed cases are: •

Fusheng yu hot spring Resort.

•

Monterey Bay Shores Eco Resort.

•

Bab Al Shams resort and spa.

The first case discusses the needs of the hot spring resort and how the architect designed in this matter to serve the needs of this project. The second discuss the eco-sustainable approach of the resort and the passive elements that can be added to achieve a Leed platinum award for the project. The third is a local case found in Dubai to study the community needs in the project in a culture similar to the local Jordan culture.

Table 4: Comparison. Name of case

Area/m2

Fusheng yu hot spring Resort

24000

Monterey Bay Shores Eco Resort Bab Al Shams RESORT AND SPA

Year of construction

Location

project type

2015

China

Hot spring resort

26304

2014

California

Eco-resort

60,000

2013

Dubai

Desert resort

Fusheng yu hot spring Resort / AIM Architecture in china

1.1.16 Why this project? The housing units are modular repeated units, through a built landscape environment, water features are divided between indoor and outdoor.

1.1.17 Project identification •

Architects AIM Architecture

•

Location Mianyang, Sichuan, China

•

Area 24000.0 m2

•

Project Year 2015 Fushengyu Hot spring Resort is located in the north of Sichuan at the foot of the Luo Fu

Shan mountain range. Tree-capped mountains dotted with temples pleasantly surround the site. It is a place where water has shaped the land. Rivers have carved out the valley and water naturally springs from the earth in warm water wells. It is one of China’s traditionalhot spring areas.

Figure 35: Site plan.

1.1.18 Concept:

The concept of the resort is an extensive spa with a wide range of different water experiences. This spa building raps around a hill at the center of the site, overlooking the valley. The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s shape perience and therefore of spa are informed theex by this hill. As you progress through the stages of bathing, you are offered differing views across the changing landscape. Most of the pools are outdoors, offering a spectrum of experiences. We have sought to push the theme of water, to express its various forms. It is steam, ice, fish, herbs, salt, different concentrations of minerals. Some pools are still, others whirl, bubble, massage and so on. We have sought to make these conditions real, pure, and positioned carefully in the landscape to make this a completely escapist place.

1.1.19 Access: The project has 1 main access as shown in the figure below, where the user enters a main public zone where the registration is done and reservation of the housing unit. The user can either enter from the drop-off zone or through the parking zone.

Figure 36: Entry. 35

The project is on 2 main streets and has a wrap parallel street configuration of minor streets in the site plan, allowing the reach of different zones of the project by using easy transport and clear circulation.

Figure 37: Streets of the project. The streets in the project are of 3 types, the main exterior streets that are 2 main streets, the main project streets which is 1 main loop road that links the zones together, the third is a sub street that connects the main road of the main zones to the sub zones reaching every housing element.

Figure 38: Street types. 36

1.1.20 Zoning According to privacy The project is divided in to two main zones according to privacy, which control the user for either to use the public area and exit the project or advance in to the project and have a stay. This is controlled by the use of long circulation element and by the need for a vehicle for transport.

Figure 39: Zoning of the project according to privacy.

The project uses green spaces efficiently as a buffer element and as an environmental element allowing ventilation to the units.

1.1.21 Zoning According to Housing type The project consists of many different types of zones with a wide variety of housing types. The project has 4 types of housing elements which consists of simple cabins with low service activity, the houses where they share a private hot spring, the apartment where they are located nearest to the public zone, the villas where each has a private pool in the unit.

Figure 40: Showing the housing zone.

Zone 1 the apartments which is the most is the nearest to the public zone, zone2 is all configured around private bath pool, zone3 the cabins the least, zone 4 the villas were they are configured on the main lake.

1.1.22 The public area The public area of the project consists of the recreational part the food courts, the spa and wellness area.

Figure 41: Public zone.

Figure 42: Section. 39

Figure 43: Circulation.

The circulation of the public zone is 20 % of the zone moving in a loop in a loop like manner and allowing the with reach of the all the zones.

1.1.23

Figure 44: Vertical zoning of the public zone.

Area ratio The site area is 24000 m2 which consists or building spaces, green areas, water bodies and streets. The green areas take the most space from the site with a ratio of 30 % pure open green areas and 20 % of green areas between buildings.

Figure 45: Green areas 30%.

The built area of all housing elements and public buildings can reach to 40 % of the project. They are scattered along the site and zoned in terms of function. The water feature takes 10 % of the site and the streets another 10 percent, summing up the site plan of the project.

Figure 46: Water features.

Area ratio Green area

Building space

streets

Water features

10% 10% 40% 40%

Figure 47: The ratio of spaces.

Structure The project is mainly post and beam system with a drop beam allowing the 6 by 6 spun range allowing the wide area halls of mediation and spiritual wellness. This type of structure is considered one of the concrete bases structure systems.

Material The main used materials are wood, stumped concrete and glass. Wood is used on the exterior to allow the project to be embedded in the site due to its natural feature, the glass is used to maximums is the indoor outdoor connections between the spaces.

Figure 48: Interior shots. 44

1.1.24 Conclusions:

1 Least intervention on site. 2 Use of local material like wood and stone. 3 Embodiment through nature. 4 Orientation of houses to allow privacy. 5 Creation of water feature for every element. 6 Zoning of public area near entry to allow easy access.

Monterey Bay Shores Eco Resort in California

1.1.25 Why this project

The project is an eco-sustainable project that achieved the platinum lead certificate, is view oriented toward the natural feature and the project is 1part project giving the case of a continuous.

1.1.26 Concept

Monterey Bay Shores is to be a mixed-use resort complex on the coast of Monterey Bay in Sand City, California. The project 146â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s program consists of two main components: the complete ecological restoration of the site and the development of a world-class resort complex. The spa, hotel units and residences are organized around a central multi-level atrium that cascades down from the resort main entryway to the central lobby of the wellness spa to form an open, glass enclosed vertical/horizontal plaza. Along the arms of single and double loaded corridors radiating from this central node are a series of glass towers that serve as way-finding markers, vertical transportation enclosures, passive and active ventilation chimneys, delighting conduits, and solar hot water photovoltaic collectors. These expressive tectonic elements provide a rhythm and contrast to the aggressively naturalistic forms of the resort living areas. The lushly planted internal atria, living walls, and glass towers become the lungs of the resort complex; providing air filtration and further connection between the restored local environment and the resort program experience. Advanced water conservation systems and complete rain catchment will prevent runoff and remove strain from the local aquifer. By embracing the prevalent coastal wind, ample sun and opportunity to derive energy from geothermal exchange systems the project will provide for more than half of its own energy needs.

This conceptual design proposal strives to strike a fine balance between program requirements, the broader vision of the California Coastal Commission and to raise the bar for what can be considered a sustainable development project

1.1.27 Access

The project is on one main road where it has a single approach with the other side being the sea.as show in the figure below.

Figure 49: Approach.

As shown in the figure below the user is first introduced to the parking area and the drop off zone the user then loses the vehicle and enters a welcoming lobby where the user registers and is introduced to the housing area. the user then approaches the recreational area of the project which are the botanic garden and the hot spring area in addition to the sea beach usage.

Figure 50: Project site plan. The project has 4 main functions shown with these areas in the figure below. the main functions of recreations are the botanic garden the sea shore and the habitat restored area.

Figure 51: Main functions of the project. 48

1.1.28 Zoning The project is formed as loops divided into wings, where each wing serves a function the project functions are consisting of the visitor center which provides a lobby space and the housing units, the restaurant, the botanic garden and the hot spring area.

Figure 52: Project zoning.

Figure 53: Diagram. 49

Figure 54: Project program. The project consists of 3 modules with a total of 341 units of housing with a total space of 40000 square feet of housing space.

Figure 55: Sequential zoning. 50

1.1.29 Form

Shaped by the ocean and the wind, the Monterey dune system is a magnify cent landscape comprised of long sand beaches, sea waves, undulating dunes, and vegetated bluff s. It is an environment exposed to the energies of the wind and sun, seasonal rains, and long dry summers. The powerful natural forces have shaped the character and spirit of the place. Cradled in the heart of Monterey Bay the resort’s site links both marine and terrestrial environments. A unique architectural experience that integrates design, luxury, and nature with state-ofthe-art energy and environmental systems in a spectacular setting. • Harmonize with the shape of the land to minimize ecological and visual impact • Maximize views for public, residents, guests and visitors • Integrated natural ventilation, day lighting, water treatment and circulation systems in horizontal atria and vertical circulation towers • Sheltered courtyards for hotel, wellness spa and residential amenities.

Figure 56: Site diagram.

Figure 57: Sections

Sustainability factor Strategies to Reducing Energy Demand and Use: • Integrated design process that ensures that the resort’s orientation to the sun and wind works with its envelop to create an optimized solution. • Effective total-envelope insulation to regulate indoor temperatures and reduce the demand for heating and cooling. • Extensive use of passive systems, such as natural ventilation, to cut dependence on mechanical systems. • Use of ultra-efficient mechanical systems that adapt to moving occupants, changing weather and personal preference. • Optimized floor-layouts allow for effective day lighting throughout and a large reduction in the amount of electricity needed for artificial light. • On-site power and energy generation through a combination of wind turbines, solar electricity and hot water generation and geothermal energy.

Figure 58: Energy theory.

1.1.30 Passive technique

Strategies to Reducing Energy Demand and Use: • Integrated design process that ensures that the resort’s orientation to the sun and wind works with its envelop to create an optimized solution. • Effective total-envelope insulation to regulate indoor temperatures and reduce the demand for heating and cooling. • Extensive use of passive systems, such as natural ventilation, to cut dependence on mechanical systems. • Use of ultra-efficient mechanical systems that adapt to moving occupants, changing weather and personal preference. • Optimized floor-layouts allow for effective day lighting throughout and a large reduction in the amount of electricity needed for artificial light. • On-site power and energy generation through a combination of wind turbines, solar electricity and hot water generation and geothermal energy.

Figure 59: Energy saving techniques. 54

Wind Turbines Wind turbines use kinetic energy from wind to create mechanical power that is converted to electricity. Wind generated power is one of the fastest growing and rapidly evolving industries in the renewable energy market. As higher energy prices push this technology into the main, Monterey Bay Shores will be able to take advantage of this industryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s coming of age. When compared to wind power technology of even a few years ago, new generation turbines offer low to no maintenance, long warranties, near silent operation, higher safety for maintenance workers and animals and a much improved visual appeal.

Solar Hot Water Heating Solar hot water heating is one of the most efficient alternative energy systems available on the market today. Monterey Bay Shores will use this environmentally friendly method for heating and preheating water for many uses such as domestic hot water, laundry and pool heating. This system will employ evacuated solar tube collectors mounted on the roof to provide hot water throughout the year.

Photovoltaic Photovoltaic (PV) systems, a means for deriving electricity from sunshine, are one of the most popular alternative energy systems available. Monterey Bay Shores will use several versions of this technology in order to improve the resortâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sustainability while reducing its dependence on fossil fuels. The largest amount of PV panels will be the latest version of the traditional crystalline panels on the south facing sloping roofs. These arrays will consist of panels that connect together like puzzle pieces to present a uniform and virtually seamless surface of blue crystal. In other areas, in order to further accentuate the organic forms of the roof and minimize visual impact, the resort will employ the flexible amorphous module type of PV that allows the system to conform precisely to the shape of the roof. Monterey Bay Shores will also employ building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) in selected areas. These systems allow for PV to become part of the architecture of the resort, providing shading in key areas, generating power from the skylights and face of the building

Figure 60: Monterey Bay Shores green roof effective 55 insulation and horizontal wind turbines

1.1.31 Conclusion

1-Use of sustainable techniques to reduce energy consumption. 2- Use of light design to reduce Impact on used up site to allow it to restore. 3- Use of green areas within project to add to enhance air quality of the project. 4- Restore of sand mine site by creation of a resort project to reheal the site.

Bab Al Shams RESORT AND SPA at Dubai

1.1.32 General information •

Architect: Godwin Austen.

•

Location: Dubai desert, Al Qudra area.

•

Year built: 2004.

•

Year renovated: 2013.

•

Area: over 60,000 m².

•

Type: landscape project - Resort & Spa.

•

Number of floors: 2 floors.

•

Total number of rooms: 115.

Figure 61: Bab al shams resort and spa at dubai.

Figure 62: Location of Bab al shams resort and spa.

1.1.33 Concept and main ideas. The project makes a unique and ultimate use of its surrounding nature; located in a desert terrain the resort provides a distinctive and traditional desert experience that is true to the culture and heritage of Dubai and UAE. Bab Al Shams is designed following typical Persian architecture. It resembles a fortified rural Arab village built in around an oasis. Inside the walls, shaded courtyards, walkways and water features provide cool shelter and maintain the unique ambience and atmosphere.

Figure 63: Elevation.

1.1.34 Why this project. This project makes the best out of the site and uses it as an inspiration instead of a restriction; the project utilize the desert environment as an inspiration for massing and landscape; thus creating a beautiful low rise complex with natural means of cooling and ventilation while composing them in an aesthetically pleasing form, taking whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s considered a hot and humid climate and overcoming that obstacle through traditional forms of architecture, to deliver a culturally and environmentally approved project.

1.1.35

Figure 64: 3D shot of the project.

Analysis: Location Bab Al Shams Desert Resort & Spa, spanning over 60,000 m² of Dubai desert and located in Al Qudra area, known in the region for its endurance racing. 49 kilometers from Dubai, located 45 min from Dubai Intl Airport next to endurance willage.

Location advantages • Fully commercial. • no noise on the surrounding areas. • Only 45 minutes’ drive from Dubai.

Approach

Figure 65: Approach. 60

1.1.36 Surroundings Since it's located in the dessert, there's no noise. Still it's rather close to malls, airports and other tourist friendly facilities. For instance; it's about 50 min from Down Town Dubai, Dubai Mall, IBN Battuta Mall, JBR The Walk, and Maktoum International Airport (DWC).

Figure 66: Landmarks. 61

1.1.37 Landscape. 1. Vegetation and response to site context. The type of vegetation preferred by the architect was purely desert vegetation that camouflaged with the structure of sandstones.

Figure 67: Ecological environment. Trees which are used for designing the landscape are commonly palm trees such as dates. Use of these trees on both the sides of the pathway, in perspective becomes guidelines in itself.

Figure 68: Vegetation. There are lawns at the west, where horse and camel rides take place and since one of the lawns is close to desert these rides are further continued in desert too.

Figure 69: Exterior shot. Spaces integration with the landscape. The Architect played with levels to create a play of spaces and classified them as open or semi-open for function like the cafĂŠ. So that people use the spaces as per their convenience. the cafĂŠ at the terrace has full 360-degree view of corresponding site.

Figure 70: Spaces integration with landscape. Architect wanted to make the place more happening and celebrate the desert environment which he brought about by the means of landscaping.

Figure 71: Exterior shots. 63

1.1.38 Water Bodies used in project as landscape element. There are concrete columns which support pergolas to create semi-open space that to in between pool.

Figure 72: pool. Pools are oriented to the southern west part of the project from where we get a panoramic view of the desert and it acts like the infinity pools for which the concept of mirage was used.

Figure 73: Section. the architect has also used the water features in the interiors of the complex and provided the artificial rain showers, there are strips of water bodies for internal ventilation of corridors. The pots are used as a distinguishing landscape element in major places either they are lightened up or they are totally filled by water.

Figure 74: Shots. the architect has worked out the courtyard system to ventilate the spaces and the use of a water body in the central court not only provided aesthetical quality but also made sure that a suitable temperature is maintained in the surrounding spaces through ventilation.

Figure 75: Ventilation system.

1.1.39 Ratio of water feature to green areas to build space.

Ratio of water feature to green areas to build space

Built Area

Green Area

Water Features

1.1.40 Major components. Table 5: Main categories of activities. Activity

Capacity

Sleep

115 rooms

Party

Meet

Dine

55000 people

120 people

6000 people

1.Meeting spaces.

Figure 79: Meeting rooms.

Figure 80: Entrance to party venue and indoor venues for banquets.Figure 81: Meeting rooms.

Figure 76: Heritage majlis offers room. 67

2. Party spaces.

Figure 88: Entrance to party venue and indoor venues for banquets.

Figure 89: State of the art meeting and outdoor gala dinner for 500.Figure 90: Entrance to party venue and indoor venues for banquets.

Figure 85: State of the art meeting and outdoor gala dinner for 500.

Figure 86: Open-space venue.Figure 87: State of the art meeting and outdoor gala dinner for 500.

Figure 82: Open-space venue. 68

3.Dining spaces.

Figure 94: Al hadeerah and masala.

Figure 95: Al Forsan venue and rooftop venues.Figure 96: Al hadeerah and masala.

Figure 91: Al Forsan venue and rooftop venues. 69

1.1.41 Events features and facilities. Layout and Capacity: 1. Up to 6,000 people seating for gala dinner or 55,000 people standing in a party or concert. 2. Ability to create various configurations based on clientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s requirements. 3. 10 Kitchens that could take up to 600 guests per kitchen for a buffet. 4. 10 Sections within the Amphitheater. 5. Each section holds 600 guests. 6. VIP Majlis area for 1,000 guests. 7. Theatre â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1000 per block ( x10 blocks ). 8. Line of sight 100% to the stage. Facilities and features: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Parking for 1,000 cars. Helipad Facility. Retail and Merchandising outlets. Dedicated male and female rest rooms. Onsite green rooms for crew facilities. Transport. Security. VIP Entrance. Central Stage area of 200m x 100m. Suggested events:

1. Live Music concerts. 2. Fashion Shows. 3. Weddings. 4. Product launches. 5. Exhibitions. 6. Horse Shows. 7. Sporting Events (i.e. Show jumping, Cricket and Polo). 8. Carnivals. 9. Corporate Events. 10. Team Building.

1.1.42 Conclusions:

1. Employing the negative aspects of the site as part of the concept. 2. Adapting to traditional and vernacular architectural approaches in problem solving. 3. Employing landscape to create an interesting narrative of events and directing views. 4. The location should be easily accessible and approximately near to major landmarks, but far enough to not impose a noise or light hazards to nearby citizens. 5. A low rise massing helps create a wide spread urban complex that could cover large portions of land. 6. Local vegetation is preferred as it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t require outlandish methods of maintenance and is affordable. 7. Creating open and semi open spaces ensures the satisfaction of a larger portion of users as they get to control the privacy of the setting they take part in. 8. Water features functions as space dividers, thermal control systems, landmarks within the project or landmark enhancers, as well as being aesthetically pleasing. 9. When designing spaces itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to be inspired by local and traditional architecture as well as modern architecture to create an intimate welcoming atmosphere to users of different backgrounds. 10. When designing spaces itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to keep into consideration is adaptability to events of different objective each time. 11. Night life and evening functions are as important as day time functions and activities.

PROGRAM AND ZONING The project will consist of 4 main components which are the residential zone, medical zone, recreational zone, the recreational zone and the services zone, each component is divided to multi-subzones. The residential will house 20 different units which varies between cabins, houses and apartments. The medical sector will consist of physical therapy clinics and other outpatient clinics .the recreational zone will consists of the public and private hot springs and the mediation platform through a designed landscape.

Figure 97 : Main components

Figure 98 :Sub-componentsFigure 99 : Main components 72

Figure 84: Sub-components.

Table of Accommodation

Table 6: Table of Accommodations ECO-SUSTAINABLE HEALTH CENTER AND HOT SPRING Schedule of Accommodation (areas in square meter) Items

Components/Elements

Quant/No

Sub-Total

Total Area m2 Total Area m2Total Area m2

Area

Remarks

Sub C o mp o nent Components s

(Special Design Requirements)

1. ALLIED HEALTH ZONE 4.1 Lobby Ai rl ock - Entry, 10m2 Wa i ti ng, 10m2 Pl a y Area - Pa edi a tri c, 10m2 Recepti on / Cl eri ca l , 10m2 Ba y – Publ i c Tel ephone Ba y – Vendi ng Ma chi nes Toi l et – Acces s i bl e, 6m2 Toi l et – Publ i c, 3m2 Offi ce – 2 Pers on Sha red, 12m2 Offi ce – Si ngl e Pers on, 9m2 4.2 Allied health Administration Offi ce - Si ngl e Pers on, 12m2 Offi ce - Si ngl e Pers on, 9m2 Offi ce - Works ta ti on, 4.4m2 Offi ce - Wri te-up Meeti ng Room, 20m2 Property Ba y - Sta ff Shower - Sta ff, 3m2 Toi l et - Sta ff, 3m2 . Physiothrapy Doctor offi ce

Table 7Table 8: Residential Zone: Table of Accommodations 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

10.00 18.00 10.00 9.00 2.00 3.00 6.00 3.00 12.00 12.00

1 1 1 3 2 10 1 2

10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 4.00 3.00 3.00

10.00 5.00 15.00 40.00 40.00 3.00 6.00

14.00

28.00

Ha nd thera phy room

12.00

exerci s e room

20.00

equi pment room

16.00

Doctor offi ce

14.00

28.00

s ki n check uproom

14.00

28.00

equi pment room

16.00

Nurs e s ta ti on

1.00

6.00

Wa i ti ng a rea

1.00

9.00

Store – Fi l es , 20m,2

1.00

20.00

. Toi l ets (m/F)

2.00

9.00

20 people 10 kids 1 staff member 1 only phone Optional. Assumes 2 machines. Place in a location where noise generated by the machines is minimised. Includes baby change General administration. Dependent on staffing profile. Health Service Manager Allied Health Director Departmental heads Staff or students Depends on number of people to be accommodated. Potential to share with other departments.

this zonehas a direct relationship to the spa area where hydrotherapy and sauna space is held

used for 1 user per session

.Dermatology

4.3 Services

for 10 people Medical records shelving or compactus

18.00

405.00 2. RESIDENTIAL ZONE : 1.1 Reception & information desk & office . Recei ni ng/di s tri buti on . Securi ty offi ce . wa i ti ng a rea . Publ i c toi l ets (M/F) . Hous e keepi ng ma i n Stora ge . Hous e keepi ng Sta ff l ounge . l a undry room . Hous e keepi ng uni t

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10

18.00 8.00 9.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 12.00 9.00 14.00

18.00 8.00 9.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 12.00 9.00 140.00

1.2. Adminstration . Di rector offi ce . Vi ce Di rector . Sta ff offi ces . Meeti ng room . Wa i ti ng a rea . Toi l ets (m/F)

1 1 3 1 1 2

18.00 9.00 8.00 24.00 6.00 9.00

18.00 9.00 24.00 24.00 6.00 6.00

400.00

For couples (1 bedroom ,1 kitchen, 1 toilet unit) (4 unit for healthcare users )

400.00

For couples (1 bedroom ,1 kitchen, 1 toilet unit) (4 unit for healthcare users )

40.00 16 14 26 4 40.00 16 14 26 4 75.00

600.00

For 2 to 4 people (2 bedrooms ,wellness area ,toilet unit ,private Thermal pool )(2 units for healthcare users)

12 1

16 16 15 24 4 14.00 18.00

1.3. Housing . Apartments(single bed room) ..bedroom ..ki tchen ..l i vi ng s pa ce ..toi l et . Apartments (double bed room) ..bedroom ..ki tchen ..l i vi ng s pa ce ..toi l et . Houses ..Bedroom(doubl e bedroom) ..Bedroom(s i ngl e bedroom) ..Wel l nes s Area ..Therma l pool ..toi l et .Cabins .Toi l et uni t(M/F)

30 CARS 5

office for night shift connected to main sec. area (closed circuit TV cameras) waiting area/seats for 8 persons 9 m2 for Males/9 m2 for Females

unit repeats for each group of residential unit duetooutdoor scatter / consists of a storgeand a small station

168.00 18.00

TOTAL

for people who requier minimum requierments (services not included in volume) 9 m2 for Males/ 9 m2 for Females

1923.00

Table 11: TableECO-SUSTAINABLE of Accommodations HEALTH CENTER AND HOT SPRING Schedule of Accommodation (areas in square meter) Components/Elements

Items

Quant/No

2 2 2 Sub-Total Total Area m Total Area m Total Area m

Area

Remarks

Sub C o mp o nent Components s

(Special Design Requirements)

3. MINIRAL HOTSPRINGS AND RECREATION ZONE : 2.1 Outdoor Hotspring Area . Ma i n Therma l pool . Pri va te therma l pool . Publ i c toi l ets (M/F) . Showers uni t . Cha ngi ng rooms uni t . Towel center a nd mi ni ba r . Medi ta ti on zone

2.2 Indoor wellness zone and Spa . Recepti on a nd wel comi ng a rea . Reta i l s hop . Indoor Therma l pool . Therma l s ma l l pri va te hot tubs . s ta ff l ounge . l a undry room . Col d Pool . wet trea tment a rea . l ockers wet a rea zone . Dry trea tment a rea . Trea tment s howers a nd ba ths . Spa ca fĂŠ a nd jui ce ba r . Trea tment wa i ti ng a rea

1 5 4 8 8 2 3

5000.00

3.00 2.00 30.00 100.00

24.00 16.00 60.00 300.00

4 units around the main pool / 4 around the private Accomidated with the shower unit serves towels and provide drinks Each unit for a specific housing type

18.00 15.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 40.00 20.00

18.00 30.00 100.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 100.00 20.00 40.00 20.00 20.00 40.00 20.00

reservation and schedualing

200.00 1000.00 Table 12: Table of Accommodations 9 m for Males/9 m2 for Females 18.00 72.00 2

30 CARS 1 2 1 5 1

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

TOTAL

this unit is for 4 users per unit

recommended for health resparational issues

one unit for 8 users 7020.00

4. Services zone 3.1 Reception & information desk & office .Recei ni ng/di s tri buti on l ugga ge s tora ge l ugga ge dropoff . Audi tori um

1 1 1 1 1

18.00 8.00 20.00 15.00 180.00

20 CARS 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1

12.00 20.00 40.00 40.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 25.00 25.00 15.00 15.00

12.00 20.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 20.00 20.00 25.00 25.00 30.00 15.00

100 1 20 3

13.75 90.00 13.75 36.00

1375.00 90.00 275.00 108.00

FOR 120 CARS + 3 BUSES

3.4 First aid clinics

20.00

120.00

scattered around project

3.5 Holicopter pads

25.00

150.00 TOTAL

3.2 Resturent Zone wa i ti ng a rea coupl es zone fa mi l y zone Outdoor zone s moki ng a rea ki ds a rea buffet a rea cl ea n ki tchen di rty ki tchen s tora ge s ta ff room 3.3 Parking

DROP OFF/PICK UP DISABLED PARKING BUS STOP

office for night shift

Auditorium capacity 100-120 person

scattered around the project 2646.00

Table 13 : Shows health center zone

1. ALLIED HEALTH ZONE 4.1 Lobby Ai rl ock - Entry, 10m2 Wa i ting, 10m2 Pl a y Area - Pa edi a tri c, 10m2 Reception / Cl eri ca l , 10m2 Ba y – Publ i c Tel ephone Ba y – Vendi ng Ma chi nes Toi l et – Acces s i bl e, 6m2 Toi l et – Publ i c, 3m2 Offi ce – 2 Pers on Sha red, 12m2 Offi ce – Si ngl e Pers on, 9m2 4.2 Allied health Administration Offi ce - Si ngl e Pers on, 12m2 Offi ce - Si ngl e Pers on, 9m2 Offi ce - Works tation, 4.4m2 Offi ce - Wri te-up Meeting Room, 20m2 Property Ba y - Staff Shower - Staff, 3m2 Toi l et - Staff, 3m2 . Physiothrapy Doctor offi ce

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

10.00 18.00 10.00 9.00 2.00 3.00 6.00 3.00 12.00 12.00

1 1 1 3 2 10 1 2

10.00 5.00 5.00 20.00 4.00 3.00 3.00

10.00 5.00 15.00 40.00 40.00 3.00 6.00

14.00

28.00

Ha nd thera phy room

12.00

exerci s e room

20.00

equi pment room

16.00

Doctor offi ce

14.00

28.00

s ki n check uproom

14.00

28.00

equi pment room

16.00

Nurs e s tation

1.00

6.00

Wa i ting a rea

1.00

9.00

Store – Fi l es , 20m,2

1.00

20.00

. Toi l ets (m/F)

2.00

9.00

20 people 10 kids 1 staff member

Figure 100: Zoning of health center sectorTable 14 : Shows health center zone 1 only phone

Optional. Assumes 2 machines. Place in a location where noise generated by the machines is minimise Includes baby change General administration. Dependent on staffing profile. Health Service Manager Allied Health Director Departmental heads Staff or students Depends on number of people to be accommodated. Potential to share with other departments.

this zonehas a direct relationship to the spa area where hydrotherapy and sauna space is held

used for 1 user per session

.Dermatology

4.3 Services

for 10 people Medical records shelving or compactus

18.00

405.00

Figure 101: Zoning of health center sector

Table 15: Residential Zone 2. RESIDENTIAL ZONE : 1.1 Reception & information desk & office . Recei ni ng/di s tri bution . Securi ty offi ce . wa i ting a rea . Publ i c toi l ets (M/F) . Hous e keepi ng ma i n Stora ge . Hous e keepi ng Staff l ounge . l a undry room . Hous e keepi ng uni t

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10

18.00 8.00 9.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 12.00 9.00 14.00

18.00 8.00 9.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 12.00 9.00 140.00

1.2. Adminstration . Di rector offi ce . Vi ce Di rector . Staff offi ces . Meeting room . Wa i ting a rea . Toi l ets (m/F)

1 1 3 1 1 2

18.00 9.00 8.00 24.00 6.00 9.00

18.00 9.00 24.00 24.00 6.00 6.00

400.00

For couples (1 bedroom ,1 kitchen, 1 toilet unit) (4 unit for healthcare users )

400.00

For couples (1 bedroom ,1 kitchen, 1 toilet unit) (4 unit for healthcare users )

40.00 16 14 26 4 40.00 16 14 26 4 75.00

600.00

For 2 to 4 people (2 bedrooms ,wellness area ,toilet unit ,private Thermal pool )(2 units for healthcare users)

12 1

16 16 15 24 4 14.00 18.00

168.00 18.00

for people who requier minimum requierments (services not included in volume) 9 m2 for Males/ 9 m2 for Females

office for night shift connected to main sec. area (closed circuit TV cameras) waiting area/seats for 8 persons 9 m2 for Males/9 m2 for Females

Figure 102 : Zoning of Residential sectorTable 16: Residential Zone

30 CARS 5

TOTAL

unit repeats for each group of residential unit duetooutdoor scatter / consists of a storgeand a small station

1923.00

Figure 103 : Zoning of Residential sector

Table 17 : Hotspring and spa zone 3. MINIRAL HOTSPRINGS AND RECREATION ZONE : 2.1 Outdoor Hotspring Area . Ma i n Therma l pool . Pri va te therma l pool . Publ i c toi l ets (M/F) . Showers uni t . Cha ngi ng rooms uni t . Towel center a nd mi ni ba r . Medi tation zone

5000.00 200.00 18.00 3.00 2.00 30.00 100.00

5000.00 1000.00 72.00 24.00 16.00 60.00 300.00

18.00 15.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 40.00 20.00

18.00 30.00 100.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 100.00 20.00 40.00 20.00 20.00 40.00 20.00

9 m2 for Males/9 m2 for Females 4 units around the main pool / 4 around the private

Accomidated the shower unit Figure 105 Zoning of Services sectorTable 18 : with Hotspring and spa zone

2.2 Indoor wellness zone and Spa . Reception a nd wel comi ng a rea . Retai l s hop . Indoor Therma l pool . Therma l s ma l l pri va te hot tubs . s taff l ounge . l a undry room . Col d Pool . wet trea tment a rea . l ockers wet a rea zone . Dry trea tment a rea . Trea tment s howers a nd ba ths . Spa ca fĂŠ a nd jui ce ba r . Trea tment wa i ting a rea

1 5 4 8 8 2 3

serves towels and provide drinks Each unit for a specific housing type

30 CARS 1 2 1 5 1

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

TOTAL

reservation and schedualing

this unit is for 4 users per unit

recommended for health resparational issues

one unit for 8 users 7020.00

Figure 104: Zone of hot spring and spa sector

Table 19: Services zone. 4. Services zone 3.1 Reception & information desk & office .Recei ni ng/di s tri bution l ugga ge s tora ge l ugga ge dropoff . Audi tori um

1 1 1 1 1

18.00 8.00 20.00 15.00 180.00

1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1

12.00 20.00 40.00 40.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 25.00 25.00 15.00 15.00

12.00 20.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 20.00 20.00 25.00 25.00 30.00 15.00

100 1 20 3

13.75 90.00 13.75 36.00

1375.00 90.00 275.00 108.00

FOR 120 CARS + 3 BUSES

3.4 First aid clinics

20.00

120.00

scattered around project

3.5 Holicopter pads

25.00

150.00 TOTAL

3.2 Restaurant Zone wa i ting a rea coupl es zone fa mi l y zone Outdoor zone s moki ng a rea ki ds a rea buffet a rea cl ea n ki tchen di rty ki tchen s tora ge s taff room 3.3 Parking DROP OFF/PICK UP DISABLED PARKING BUS STOP

office for night shift

Auditorium capacity 100-120 person

Figure 106: Project whole zoningTable 20 : Services zone 20 CARS

scattered around the project 2646.00

Figure 107: Zoning of Services sector

Figure 108: Project whole zoning 80

Figure 109: Total area and percentFigure 110: Project whole zoning

NET CIRCULATION

3404.00

GROSS CIRCULATION 25% CIRCULATION

680.8

TOTAL

4084.80

TOTAL

4084.80

100%

RESIDENTAIL

1923.00

47.08

RECREATIONAL

548.00

13.42

HEALTHCENTER

405.00

9.91

SERVICES

2646.00

64.78

OUTDOOR AREA

8590.00

Figure 111: Total area and percent

As shown is figure 22 the project total area is 14400 meters squared where the circulation ratio is 25% and as it shows the percent of each zone. The Health center is 3% but is the most functional, the service zone is 18.4% but scattered around the project, the residential zone is 13.4 % and the recreational zone is 48.7% but consisted of the landscaped areas like the main hot spring and the private pools.

Figure 112: Zone ratio. 81

Initial Zoning

Figure 115: Initial zoning.

Figure 116: Initial zoning. 82

DESIGN CONSTRAINS 1.2

Theme The theme endorsed in this project is the Eco sustainable approach where the building

should be environmentally friendly and a self-sustained project through the passive design approach where the project should be a net zero building through a group of designed architectural details and through the use of the renewable energy which abundant in the site. The environmental approach has to walkthrough a number of steps while construction and design consideration such as the existing ecology and ecosystems in the site to have the least of impact on the site while providing the best of the architectural quality. As for passive design, such as the control of the IAQ the indoor air quality through the use of different ventilation techniques such as the cross ventilation and earth air tunnels.

Figure 117: Passive design

1.3

Case Study Conclusions

The cases analyzed was concentrated on many aspects of the passive and the ecological design, the first case was a hot spring resort designed environmentally, the second was reused site eco-sustainable resort and the third cases was a local dessert resort where it worked on human comfort a user friendly environmental design through an extreme climate medium.

Case 1 was Fusheng yu hot spring Resort done by AIM Architecture in china. The case concentrated on several points to achieve the environmental design. The project had the least intervention on the site where the least of the ecology was removed while using local materials rather than the use of foreign material. To reduce the blockage of the nature and reduction of man-made features the project residential blocks where placed in an orientation where natural privacy was created and the creation of an easy access to the unit.

Case2 is Monterey Bay Shores Eco Resort in California. The case is a site reuse case where the architect turned around a died ecological site used as a mine into a rehealed eco-sustainable resort site. The architect started by the design of a site embodied structure which is light on the site. Then the design of passive technics to reduce the energy consumption.

Case 3 was Bab Al Shams RESORT AND SPA at Dubai which on Employing the negative aspects of the site as part of the concept. Adapting to traditional and vernacular architectural approaches in problem solving. Employing landscape to create an interesting narrative of events and directing views. The location should be easily accessible and approximately near to major landmarks, but far enough to not impose a noise or light hazards to nearby citizens. A low rise massing helps create a wide spread urban complex that could cover large portions of land. Local vegetation is preferred as it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t require outlandish methods of maintenance and is affordable. Creating open and semi open spaces ensures the satisfaction of a larger portion of users as they get to control the privacy of the setting they take part in.

Water features functions as space dividers, thermal control systems, landmarks within the project or landmark enhancers, as well as being aesthetically pleasing. When designing spaces itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 84

important to be inspired by local and traditional architecture as well as modern architecture to create an intimate welcoming atmosphere to users of different backgrounds. When designing spaces itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to keep into consideration is adaptability to events of different objective each time.

1.4

Structure The project will consist of multi-structural typology, around the public areas like the main

thermal pool and the spa area a universal structural design will be used to allow large spans with minimal interception of the space.

Figure 118: showing universal structure design

The residential area will consist of the villas and cabins as separate units which will need low span structure and medium spans in the apartments which will be held as a continues element.it will work on a certain modular system where it work on a repetitive rhythm decided according to the plan design.

Figure 119: Column and beam modular example

1.5

Flexibility and adaptability

1.5.1 Expansion The project will be designed around the planning of compartments where these modules will be designed to allow the expansion of the project from either ends.

1.6

SAFETY The project will be designed to consist its self from fire. This will be done through the

design of compartments as mentioned before. Where this design will be used to control the smoke spread in the project.

1.6.1 High risk areas The design will try to take in consideration the mechanical areas where these zones will be planned away from the residential and the high user gathering spots such as social areas and recreational spaces.

Figure 120: High risk area 1.7

Engineering services The project will have a central HVAC unit through the lobby and apartment building. This

is because this zone shows a tendency of a continuous central unit of heating and cooling. The cabins zone will have a separate HVAC unit where this zone shows a separate consistency from the others. For each 2 split villas unit there will be a constituent HVAC unit to provide the villas unit with heating and cooling.

Figure 121: main physical concept of the HVAC system

Sun breaking louvers will be used on the south west elevation of the project buildings to control solar gain of the project will adding panels there to allow the heat gain through the panels and gain of green energy.

Figure 122: louver Alternatives

PHILOSOPHY AND CONCEPT The main philosophical approach is the eco sustainable approach where the project tends to be self-existing and has a low impact on the environment around and this is through the Greek vision of mother earth. Where earth symbolizes the strength and beauty of the universe. The strength symbolizes the sustainable approach where earth is self-sustaining through its atmosphere and is independent to other elements in the universe The beauty aspect is when u look through earth .into the ecological factor hence recognize the environmental variety and the fact that earth is dying which is caused be the environmental misuse of ecology and miss respect of the nature. This results in the surfacing of the project goal and meta concept of retaining nature through an eco-sustainable design, this is achieved through the use of passive sustainable design elements and through an ecofriendly schematic approach of site design and the placement of the project on the site. 1.8

Sustainability

Sustainability should work on creating a dynamic equilibrium between the internal and external environments. Through the design of air passage through the spaces and the amount of lighting through the solar gain of the buildings. The term sustainability works as a connection between the users of the project and there connection to the environment to create an immersed between the user and the surrounding. It is said that the Eco sustainable design around a health center allows the environment to work as a supportive factor to initiate the self-healing factor for users

1.9

Ecology Design

Ecology of the earth isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t something to be dealt with is the voice which connects to the user spiritually and bodily creating a relationship between the user and environment and causing coherence. This coherence aims to create a natural cause for fighting illness and good health through the creation of a direct current of spiritual wellness as studies from the Greek methodology, The spiritual wellness is a state of peace coming from the nature. The project aims to create this wellness in spaces of meditation and relaxation found in the recreational and residential zone.

DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION

Figure 1: Site plan

The site plan shows the initial organization of the project layout and the carriage route where its considered a third circulation method.

Figure 2: Section A-A

Figure 3: Project zoning The project will be divided into 4 main components as described in the previous chapters, where there will be a recreational zone, a residential zone, service zone and a health center

Figure 5: Project axis

Figure 4: Green areas Green areas are always available to allow direct access for the users to flow from indoors to outdoors to create a dynamic equilibrium.

Figure 6: Visitor Circulation Visitors will tend to move around the project with easy circulation around the health center and spa area to ease the movement of the patient visitors.

Figure 7: Patients Circulation

REFERENCES

1. Rheumatoid arthritis in Jordan: a cross sectional study of disease severity and associated comorbidities )https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036143/(

2. Arthritis By The Numbers: trusted book of facts and figures (https://www.arthritis.org/Documents/Sections/About-Arthritis/arthritis-factsstats-figures.pdf) 3. 0DÂśLDQKRWVSULQJJLYHQE\ZRUOGVHQF\FORSHGLD (www.cyclopedia.org/ Ma%27in_Hot_Springs) 4. Sustainability in architecture: environmental and social impacts on built space (https://buildabroad.org/2017/08/15/sustainability-in-architecture/) 5. Sustainable resort development in sensitive environments (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281103015_Sustainable_resort_develo pment_in_sensitive_environments_How_can_tourist_developments_in_popular_t ourist_destinations_such_as_the_Maldives_also_be_sustainable) 6. ECO-RESORTS:

MANAGEMENT

AND

LANDSCAPE

PLANNING

(https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242304294_ECORESORTS_MANAGEMENT_AND_LANDSCAPE_PLANNING) 7. Defining Ecological integrity (https://www.bcauditor.com/sites/default/files/publications/2010/report3/files/oag bcconservationofecologicalintegritysupplemtalinfodefiningeiout.pdf) 8. Google earth : Site viewing (https://earth.google.com/web/@31.59625242,35.56542725,320.45418802a,1683.84628918d,35y,11.51711892h,0t,0r) 9. http://alrai.com/article/677395.html 10. http://www.almadenahnews.com/article/94276

Graduation thesis

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Graduation project thesis