Light
E X P L O S I O N
CHEN
XINYU
II
REP2-18
II
STRUCTURES
OF
LIGHT
CONTENTS
STAGE
1
STAGE 2
PLAN
1
DIAGRAM OF DISCOVERY
SCALE STUDY
2
GEOMETRICAL EXPLORATIONS 10
GROUND VIEWS
3
OVERALL VIEWS
11
ACCESS & MOVEMENT
4
POSSIBILITY 1
12
SITE SUMMER & WINTER
5
POSSIBILITY 2
13
SITE DAY & NIGHT
6
POSSIBILITY 3
14
LIGHT STUDY 1: LUMINOCITY
7
LIGHT STUDY 2: REFLECTION
15
9
STAGE 3
STAGE
4
PLANS
17
LIGHT PAVILION IN CONTEXT
25
ELEVATIONS
18
GROUND VIEWS
26
SECTIONS
19
INTERNAL VIEWS
27
LIGHT STUDY 3: OPACITY
20
STRUCTURE
28
ACCESS & FUNCTION
21
MATERIALS & CONSTRUCTION 30
LIGHT DEFINDING SPACE
23
LIGHT STUDY 4: FILTRATION
31
PLACE STUDY
REPORT
M
67
M
60
M
60
M
18 M
41
M
73
PLAN PLAN PLAN
1
1:1000
XINYU CHEN
A1701561
SCALE CALE STUDY STUDY
1 UNIT
BARR SMITH LIBRARY BUILDING 1:500
SOUTH ELEVATION
1 UNIT = 2WINDOWS = 2.4M
1:1000
NORTH ELEVATION1:1000
2
3
ARIAL & GROUND VIEWS
PLACE STUDY
REPORT
ACCESS & MOVEMENT
The site is located in the north east corner of university of Adelaide, connected by two main roads and several paths. It is an attractive place since students can easily get into the site by walking and cycling, and the site can be good used in different activities.
XINYU CHEN
A1701561
4
SUMMER & WINNTER SUMMER/9AM
WINNTER/9AM
SUMMER/12PM
WINNTER/12PM
SUMMER/3PM
WINNTER/3PM
5
DAYTIME & NIGHT-TIME
SOCIAL CHARACTER
6
LIGHT STUDY 1
LUMINOSITY LINGUISTIC DEFINITIONS Luminosity can be defined as the state or quality of being luminous, known as the measurable intrinsic brightness of an object in its quantitative sense. A luminous quality can mean vivid colour, or in astronomy it is used as almost as a unit of measure meter. It is the amount of radiation emitted from a source, visible or otherwise. However, the general notion of luminosity referrers to the amount of visible light radiation being emitted. Light allows us to perceive architecture, forms and materials are sensed with our eyes not directly but through reflected light. PHILOSOPHICAL MEANINGS In terms of philosophical meaning of luminosity, it has different definitions. There exists a special relationship between luminosity, where there exists an illuminator and the acceptor of that light source. People perceive things around them by the amount of light that is absorbed by the light receptors in the human eye. Because there is always one or more illuminators in the environment which contains luminosity, it depends on light reflection whether people
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perceive its luminosity or not. Thus, it reflects the existential value of the object as well as the acceptor which are affected by the luminosity of the illuminator. In conclusion, both the illuminator itself and object or acceptor can all contain luminosity. Nonetheless, the illuminator can directly affect other objects, this key factor changes people’s awareness of objects around them.
PLACE STUDY
Luminosity can not only allow people to see, but also can bring us a lot of information and emotions. In this philosophical extent, luminosity represents many liberalizing and metaphorical ideas. We can think the light as a medium that connect all kinds of objects to human’s mind and awareness. From a sociocultural view, the idea of luminosity signifies the aptitude of independent insight and understanding.
REPORT
MEANING IN ARCHITECTURE THROUGH CASE STUDY Zaha Hadid uses and incorporates light in many creative ways through her designs but over her career her design style changes from sharp hard edges flowy luminous spaces. Her innovative way of handing tangible materials and imagination regarding the medium of light is remarkable. However, what’s more important is her advances in using light to render the architecture. In some of her earlier work such as the Vitra Fire Station she used
many straight, sharp lines in the form of the building. Zaha Hadid uses light though windows and luminaires provides diffused light almost softening the sharp concerts edges inside and out. However, more fluid designs featuring curvaceous edges and free flowing forms is seen with the Phaeno Science Centre. She designed the building to be built above ground and create a dark shaded area beneath it.
PLACE STUDY
REPORT
In Zaha Hadid works, she used the emphasis and contrast of the form of the building by the manipulation of natural light through windows and cut outs or through luminaires. The awareness of shape, material, size and even space in architecture can be reshapes by varying luminosity. It has become a technique for helping designers to express themselves and create more impressive and attractive buildings.
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CONCEPT DESIGN
Geometrical diagramming of DISCOVERY
SEEK LIGHT IS
9
DISCOVERY.
GEOMETRICAL EXPLORATIONS OF 3
POSSIBILITIES
10
OVERALL VIEWS Contextualising the possibilities on site
POSSIBILITY1
POSSIBILITY2
POSSIBILITY3
11
SPATIAL
ENTRY
POSSIBILITY 11
ENTRY
PLAN 1:1000
VIEWS OF PLACE ENLIGHTMENT
12
SPATIAL
POSSIBILITY 22
ENTRY
ENTRY
PLAN 1:1000
VIEWS OF PLACE ENLIGHTMENT
13
ELEVATOR
SPATIAL
POSSIBILITY 33
ENTRY ENTRY
PLAN 1:1000
SECTION VIEW
VIEWS OF PLACE ENLIGHTMENT
-1 FLOOR
-2 FLOOR
14
LIGHT STUDY 2
REFLECTION REFLECTION REFLECTION
LINGUISTIC DEFINITIONS In term of physics. The reflection is defined as the throwing back by a body or surface of light, heat sound or energy without absorbing it or letting it pass through. It could also mean a serious and careful thought or certain consideration. In aspect of philosophy, reflections on something are comments or writings that express someone’s ideas about it. If you say that something is reflection of a particular person’s attitude or of a situation. Reflection is defined as an active process of adaption and perception of living creatures to mental images with the change of material world which has been presented during the period of development.
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However, the reflection that we often refer to, is different and more specific. We would refer reflection as the image we see from the mirror or water, or the comment or opinion given from one to another. Reflection is more subjective and it is providing an option of making choices. Which is to filter up things we
see or not to see. This reflection has the capacity to be altered, either amplifying it or abbreviating it; focusing it or neglecting it; embellishing it or presenting as it was.
PHILOSOPHICAL MEANINGS The perception of modernist using glass to create monotonous façade was then broken when architects decided to break out uniform façade using different structure and material. The development in technology make this possible with the maturity of structural construction techniques and exploration of properties and opportunities of different materials. Structural systems would affect the form of building, the use of different material has the impact of changing the light structure, thermal properties, privacy, life span, of the building. Hereby we emphasize on the light play affected by use of different material.
MEANING IN ARCHITECTURE THROUGH CASE STUDY An example of how both meanings of the term “reflection” are incorporated into an architectural work is that of the Arab World institute in Paris. It was designed by Jean Nouvel and his team. The south façade features an extraordinary sun screen composed of 27000 diaphragms which are organised in 113 panels that operate similarly to camera lens. The lens’ polygon-shaped openings are a tribute to Arabian geometries. Different material has different characteristic of light, there is also the capacity to use the same material to create different light marvel. Thickness of glass can change how the light reflects, metal provide reflection of surroundings, shade that allows or blocks the sunlight from getting to the building refraction, reflection, luminosity, opacity. The exploration of uses of material and light characteristic is endless and is still ongoing as it never satisfies the greed and curiosity. Beautiful facades seems to have become an icon of capitalism or could be said as a product of the competition between large corporate. Reflection is a clever way to use the characteristic of light to produce an appealing façade, as the reflection is ever changing with what is going on in the surrounding, making the building lively and less “out of context”. It is phenomenal that the architecture field has gone more diverse nowadays.
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17
1 ：250 GROUND
PLAN
1 ：250 INTERIOR
PLAN
1:250
ELEVATION
18
SECTION SECTION SECTION
19
1:150
1:200
20
ACCESS, MOVEMENT, FUNCTION
21
EXHIBITION
LIBRARY
GRASS
TOILET
REST AREA
CONCRETE
STORAGE
RECEPITION
MOVEMENT AREA
LIGHT DEFINDING SPACE
22
LIGHT STUDY 3
OPACITY OPACITY OPACITY
LINGUISTIC DEFINITIONS Opacity means somthing that is difficult to see through or perceive. Sometimes, it also mean the degree to which light is blocked or a linguistic context in which it is not possible to substitute co-referential terms while guaranteeing the preservation of truth values. When light strikes an interface between two substances, in general some may be reflected, some absorbed, some scattered, and the rest transmitted (also see refraction). Reflection can be diffuse, for example light reflecting off a white wall, or specular, for example light reflecting off a mirror. An opaque substance transmits no light, and therefore reflects, scatters, or absorbs all of it. Both mirrors and carbon black are opaque. Opacity depends on the frequency of the light being considered. For instance, some kinds of glass, while transparent in the visual range, are largely opaque to ultraviolet light. More extreme frequency-dependence is visible in the absorption lines of cold gases. Opacity can be quantified in many ways; for example, see the article mathematical descriptions of opacity.
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In architectural design, opacity is recognized to be a basic quality of a surface in which two side are separated completely and fully with the result being physical and visual separation. The employment of this quality is generative of many feelings and sensitivities to the built surrounds often employed by architects.
MEANING IN ARCHITECTURE THROUGH CASE STUDY
Architectural opacity is understood as the combination of form and meaning through closed and opaque material use. Transparency, which was developed in the Modern architectural are began the shift toward the commitment of universal process through formation. While transparency became representative of and a signifier of modernity both artistically and aesthetically in the 1920s, architects in northern regions of the globe responded to the unique characteristics of available seasonal light using opaque white spaces and surfaces to maximise interior brightness for dark winter periods the diffraction of light through opaque materials and the positioning of windows to capture daylight from the side, reflect the low position of the sun. “whiteness� in Scandinavian architecture is both a response to the arctic climate as a natural contrast to the dark winter, and diurnal and seasonal rhythms. It is theorized that the whiteness reflects both the climate and sun movements and the geographical landscape as often snow covered and pure. Finnish Architecture Alvar Aalto introduced white diffusion as a concept mirroring feeling of happiness through purity. Interestingly, while philosophically opacity may contrast the notion of light and understanding, the reflective properties of opaque materials merely divert light and these ideas.
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L IGHT PAVILION IN CONTEXT
25
G ROUND VIEWS
26
LIGHT PAVILION INTERNAL VIEW
27
28
C OMPOSITION & S TRUCTURE
29
M ATERIALS & C ONSTRUCTION ALUMINUM EXTERIOR & GLASS Vegetation
STEEL SUPPORT
Growing Media
GLASS BALL BULB
ROUND GLASS BALL LIGHTING
Filter Fabric Protection layer
Drainage layer Root Barrier
Insulation layer
Water proofing membrane Reindored concrete slab
STONE MASONRY MULTI BRICK
GLASS FRAGMENT CONCRETE STAIRS
SECTION MARBLE FLOOR
DETAIL
TAPE LIGHTS
MARBLE FLOOR GLASS
WATER PROOF SEAL
WATER
STEEL SUPPORT
WATER
WATER
EXHIBITION AREA FLOOR SECTION DETAIL
30
LIGHT STUDY 4
FILTRATION FILTRATION FILTRATION
31
LINGUISTIC DEFINITIONS
PHILOSOPHICAL MEANINGS
The word “filtration” firstly appeared in 1375-1425. According record, it was from late Middle English, some people would argue that it is from Latin. However, in early 15c, from old French filtre and directly from Medieval Latin filtrum “felt,” which was used to strain impurities from liquid, from West Germanic filtiz see felt. Of cigarettes, from 1908. Additionally, filtration can also be recognized as word “category”. The word comes from the Greek Kategoria meaning “that which can be said, predicated, or publicly declared and asserted, about something.” In Christianity, the bible talks about the “light” god, or the “light of the world.” Even though the sacred light is different from visible light, visible light is most similar to the sky. Thus connecting two spheres, each era has formed a new language of light: Romanesque walks, Byzantine mosaics of golden scintillation or the walls of gothic stained glass.
The site of Ronchamp has long been a religious site of pilgrimage that was deeply rooted in Catholic tradition, but after World War II the church wanted a pure space void of extravagant detail and ornate religious figures unlike its predecessors, Ronchamp is deceptively modern such that it does not appear as apart of Corbusier’s aesthetic or even that of the international style, rather sits in the site as a sculptural object. The inability to categorize Ronchamp has made it one of the most important religious buildings of the 20th Century, as well as Corbusier’s career. Each wall becomes illuminated by these differing window frames, which in conjunction with the stark white washed walls gives the walls luminous qualities punctuated by a more intense direct light. On the wall behind the altar in the chapel, the lighting effects create a speckled pattern, almost like a starry night, of sparse openings that are complimented by a larger opening above the cross that emits a flood of lights, creating a powerful religious image as well as a transformative experience.
MEANING IN ARCHITECTURE THROUGH CASE STUDY
The scenography at the church of SaintPierre at Firminy is arranged in three acts The altar is in the middle of the altar. The altar is an I-shaped white concrete cube, with its shape short legs extending down to a combination of the columns in the upper floor of the ground floor, be able to read, in order to make the relationship clearly on the dais and floor intersect holes on the side of forced through a glass, make the line of sight can penetrate through the floor, and the projection lamp through the lower glass lights dais, the light from the bottom is projected on to a highly volume sensitive altar and it feels as if it were floating. The left side of the altar is a sculpted pulpit, and behind the altar is the parched bench of the priests and the white concrete bishop seat. Not far away from the bishop on the wall of the one with red hair of small niche, namely the Eucharistic recess. On the broad wall behind the altar is the constellation of Orion, which consists of innumerable small round holes. In the morning, when people look up at the altar, the altar the pulpit and the priests, they are in a dazzling halo. The organic glass that makes up the small round hole refracts the sunlight, projecting a myriad of half-round light trajectories, and the other three curved walls will interpret it as numerous light waves.
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