100 Inventors Who Made History

Page 74

Plastic

ugh a Try getting thro ching day without tou e of plastic. d a m g in th e m so nd can be This flexible frie ape, and molded into sh It is used then sets solid. f the things to make many o . we use every day

By th

In additione way... also paten to Bakelite, I other inve ted about 50 types of ntions, including elec synthetic tric insulation, photograp resin, and hic paper.

The

MOLDABLE MATERIAL that shaped the world Leo Baekeland received the US patent for his invention in 1909.

Fantastic plastic

Bakelite was heatproof and did not conduct electricity.

People have used natural materials, such as rubber and tortoiseshell, for thousands of years, shaping them into hard-wearing objects. In 1905, Belgian-born chemist Leo BaekeLand mixed phenol (a disinfectant) with formaldehyde (a preservative) and came up with Bakelite, the first completely human-made plastic. This versatile material can be molded into shape, but sets hard and doesn’t melt easily. It was used to make music records, furniture, jewelry, and this radio cover.

It couldn’t have happ ened w ithout... Around 1600 bCe, people in Mesoamerica played games with rubber balls made from latex—a natural plastic found in rubber trees.

72

American Charles Goodyear invented vulcanization in 1839, which made rubber stretchy but also able to bounCe baCk into shape.


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Acknowledgments

10min
page 130

Index

2min
page 129

Glossary

3min
page 128

Fantastic future

5min
pages 126-127

Total turkeys

5min
pages 124-125

Micro machines

2min
pages 122-123

Bionic body parts

2min
pages 120-121

Vaccination

2min
pages 118-119

Defibrillator

0
page 117

Aspirin

1min
page 116

Diagnostic devices

2min
pages 114-115

Laser

0
page 113

Microscope

1min
page 112

Antibiotics

2min
pages 110-111

Antiseptics

1min
page 109

Chocolate

2min
pages 104-107

Anesthetics

1min
page 108

Fireworks

2min
pages 102-103

Movies

2min
pages 100-101

Personal stereo

1min
page 99

Musical instruments

2min
pages 96-97

Video games

1min
page 98

Sports shoes

1min
page 95

Desk buddies

1min
pages 92-93

Blue jeans

1min
page 94

Robot

2min
pages 90-91

Material world

2min
pages 88-89

Dynamite

1min
page 87

Crane

1min
page 86

Plow

2min
pages 84-85

Keeping it together

2min
pages 78-81

Battery

2min
pages 76-77

Bar code

1min
page 83

Plastic

2min
pages 74-75

Money

1min
page 82

Refrigerator

2min
pages 72-73

Home helpers

1min
pages 70-71

Light bulb

2min
pages 68-69

Internet

1min
page 60

Pendulum clock

2min
pages 66-67

World Wide Web

3min
pages 61-63

Telescope

2min
pages 58-59

Flush toilet

2min
pages 64-65

Satellite

2min
pages 56-57

Computer

2min
pages 54-55

Microprocessor

1min
page 53

Braille

1min
page 41

Transistor

1min
page 52

Radio

2min
pages 46-47

Picture this

2min
pages 48-49

Television

2min
pages 50-51

Phonograph

2min
pages 42-43

Telephone

2min
pages 44-45

Telegraph

1min
page 40

Rocket

2min
pages 30-31

Printing press

2min
pages 38-39

Nuclear energy

2min
pages 32-35

Helicopter

2min
pages 28-29

Paper

2min
pages 36-37

Airplane

2min
pages 26-27

Car

2min
pages 24-25

Bicycle

2min
pages 20-21

Navigational novelties

2min
pages 14-15

Steam engine

1min
page 16

Electric motor

2min
pages 18-19

Caravel

1min
page 12

Submarine

1min
page 13

The wheel

2min
pages 10-11

Steam locomotive

1min
page 17
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