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, '1.
Bernier, F.:Travels in the moghal'Empire AD. 1636-1663, London, 1914. P.3.
2.
Sleeman, W.H.:Rambles and Recollec-tion of Indian official Karachi, 1973. P.339.
3.
Kincaid,Denis:British social life in India (16081937) London, 1938. Reprinted 1973, P.58.
4.
Fany Parks.:Wandering of a Pilgrim in Search . of the Picturesque. Vol. i Karachi, 1975. P.412.
5.
Holman.Denis.Stkanda. 1961.P.228.
6.
Fany Parks, i, P.412.
7.·
Ibid. P.90; Sleeman, P.P. 345-47.
8.
Keene. H.G. :Hindustan under Free Lances. 770-1820. Shan on, Ireland, 1972. P.152.
Sahib.
London
145
9.
Fany Parks
:i, P.P. 390-97,413.
10.
Ibid, P.90.
11.
Sleeman. P,595.
12.¡
Holman, Denis, P.161.
13.
Thompson, Edward
:The making of the Indian Princes. London. 1978.P.P. 1834. ,
14.
Ibid., P.184.
15.
Fany Parks, i, P.393.
16.
Jacquemont. Victor :Letters from India. Vol.ii, Karachi, 1979.P.241.
17. 18.
Thompson, P.183. Kincaid, P.93.
19.
Ibid, P.94\
20. . Fany Parks, i, P.P.209-1O. 21.
Jones, Capt. Oliver, J.R.N. :Recollections of a Winter Campaign in India in 1857-58,London; 1859. P.125.
22.
Kincaid,P.97.
23.
Ibid., 1>.97.
24.
Mudford,Peter :Birds of Different Plumage. London, 1974.P.69.
25.
Ibid. P.68.
26.
Bidwell, ~!lelford
:Swords for 1971.P.128.
Hire.
London,
146
27.
Keene, P.140.
28.
Holman, Denis,P.228.
29.
Ibid., P.230
30.
Holman, Denis, P.228.
3l.
Thompson, 1H2.
32. 33. 34.
Kincaid. P.149. Edwards, Michael :British India. London, P.34. Ibid., P.34 :Kincaid, P.145.
35.
Edwards, Michael, P.33.
36.
Ibid., P.32-33.
:Mudord, P.62.
1967.
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