Bangla 2

MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKv

MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKvq Nb meyR i‡Oi Ici D`xqgvb m~‡h©i i‡Oi GKwU jvj e„Ë _vK‡e| cZvKv wbg©v‡Yi wbqgvewj

ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯’i AbycvZ 10: 6| A_©vr hw` ˆ`N©¨ 305 †m.wg. (10 dzU) nq, cÖ¯’ 183 †m.wg.

(6 dzU) n‡e| jvj e„ËwUi e¨vmva© cZvKvi ˆ`‡N©¨i cuvP fv‡Mi GK fvM| cZvKvi ˆ`‡N©¨i 20 fv‡Mi 9 fv‡M GKwU j¤^ (Lvov mij‡iLv) Uvb‡Z n‡e| Zvici cÖ‡¯’i wVK A‡a©K fv‡M ˆ`‡N©¨i m‡½ mgvš—ivj K‡i Avi GKwU †iLv Uvb‡Z n‡e| GB `ywU †iLvi †Q` we›`yB n‡e e„ËwUi †K›`ªwe›`y|

fe‡b e¨env‡ii Rb¨

(fe‡bi AvKvi I AvqZb Abyhvqx) 305 †m.wg. x 183 †m.wg. (10' x 6') 152 †m.wg. x 91 †m.wg. (5' x 3') 76 †m.wg. x 46 †m.wg. (212' x 112' )

RvZxq msMxZ Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm| wPiw`b †Zvgvi AvKvk, †Zvgvi evZvm, Avgvi cÖv‡Y evRvq euvwk \ I gv, dvMy‡b †Zvi Av‡gi e‡b NÖv‡Y cvMj K‡i, gwi nvq, nvq †iI gv, ANÖv‡b †Zvi fiv †¶‡Z Avwg Kx †`‡LwQ gayi nvwm \ Kx †kvfv, Kx Qvqv †Mv, Kx †mœn, Kx gvqv †MvKx AuuvPj weQv‡qQ e‡Ui g~‡j, b`xi K‚‡j K‚‡j| gv, †Zvi gy‡Li evYx Avgvi Kv‡b jv‡M myavi g‡Zv gwi nvq, nvq †igv, †Zvi e`bLvwb gwjb n‡j, I gv, Avwg bqbR‡j fvwm \ -iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

RvZxq msMxZ MvIqvi Rb¨ RvZxq msMx‡Zi c~Y©cvV Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm| wPiw`b †Zvgvi AvKvk, wPiw`b †Zvgvi AvKvk, †Zvgvi evZvm, Avgvi cÖv‡Y I gv, Avgvi cÖv‡Y evRvq euvwk, †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm \ I gv, dvMy‡b †Zvi Av‡gi e‡b NÖv‡Y cvMj K‡i, gwi nvq, nvq †iI gv, dvMy‡b †Zvi Av‡gi e‡b NÖv‡Y cvMj K‡i, I gv, ANÖv‡b †Zvi fiv †¶‡Z Kx †`‡LwQ Avwg Kx †`‡LwQ gayi nvwm| †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm \ Kx †kvfv, Kx Qvqv †Mv, Kx †mœn, Kx gvqv †MvKx AuuvPj weQv‡qQ e‡Ui g~‡j, b`xi K‚‡j K‚‡j| gv, †Zvi gy‡Li evYx Avgvi Kv‡b jv‡M myavi g‡Zv, gwi nvq, nvq †igv, †Zvi gy‡Li evYx Avgvi Kv‡b jv‡M myavi g‡Zv, gv, †Zvi e`bLvwb gwjb n‡j, Avwg bqb I gv, Avwg bqbR‡j fvwm \ †mvbvi evsjv, Avwg †Zvgvq fv‡jvevwm \MvIqvi Rb¨ RvZxq msMx‡Zi c~Y©cvV

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ZK †evW© KZ…©K 2003 mvj †_‡K wØZxq †kªYxi cvV¨cy¯ZKi~‡c wba©vwiZ

Avgvi evsjv eB wØZxq fvM

iPbv

†gvnv¤§` Ave`yj KvBDg k¨vgjx AvKei bvwM©m AvLZvi

m¤cv`bv

Avng` Kwei

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ZK †evW©, XvKv

RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯—K †evW© 69Ñ70, gwZwSj evwYwR¨K GjvKv, XvKv KZ…©K cÖKvwkZ [ cÖKvkK KZ…©K me©¯^Z¡ msiw¶Z ]

cÖ_g gy`ªY : A‡±vei, 2002 cybg©`ªY :

cÖ”Q` I wPÎv¼b iwdKzj Bmjvg

cÖm½ K_v cÖv_wgK wk¶vi ¸YMZ gvb Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ 1992 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k cÖv_wgK wk¶v¯Z‡i †hvM¨ZvwfwËK wk¶vµg cÖeZ©b Kiv nq| 2002 mvj ch©šZ GK hyM a‡i G wk¶vµg Abyhvqx cÖYxZ cy¯ZK I Ab¨vb¨ cVb-cvVb mvgMÖx e¨eüZ n‡q Avm‡Q| cÖPwjZ G wk¶vµg g~j¨vqb I cwigvR©b Kivi Rb¨ PÆMÖvg, wm‡jU I ewikvj (Pwme) wefv‡Mi cÖv_wgK wk¶vi Dbœqb cÖKí (2q ch©vq), GbwmwUwe BDwbU, XvKv, GKwU we¯Z„Z Kg©cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡i| G cwiKíbvbyhvqx BDwbUwU cÖv_wgK wk¶vµg Ges cÖ_g I wØZxq †kªYxi cy¯ZK I Ab¨vb¨ cVbcvVb mvgMÖx g~j¨vqb I cwigvR©b Kvh©µg (2001-2002) cwiPvjbv K‡i| G Kvh©µ‡gi Aax‡b cÖv_wgK ¯Z‡ii wk¶vi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨, cÖvwšZK †hvM¨Zv Ges cÖ_g I wØZxq †kªYxi Rb¨ welqwfwËK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv cybtwba©viY Kiv nq | Gi wfwˇZ wewfbœ wel‡qi bZzb MÖš’ I Ab¨vb¨ cVbcvVb mvgMÖx cÖYqb Kiv nq| wØZxq cÖv_wgK wk¶v †m±i cÖKí G Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvq Avw_©K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| evsjv wel‡qi Rb¨ wPwýZ †kªYxwfwËK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zvi wfwˇZ Pwme wefv‡Mi cÖv_wgK wk¶vi Dbœqb cÖKí (2q ch©vq), GbwmwUwe BDwbU, XvKv, KZ©„K wbe©vwPZ Ges MYcÖRvZš x evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖv_wgK I MYwk¶v wefvM KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z †jLKMY wØZxq †kªYxi Rb¨ bZzb evsjv cvV¨cy¯ZK ÔAvgvi evsjv eBÕ wØZxq fvM iPbv K‡ib| Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g †kªYxwk¶K, wk¶K cÖwk¶K, welqwe‡klÁ I wk¶vµg we‡klÁ‡`i mnvqZvq eBwUi †hŠw³K g~j¨vqb m¤•bœ Kiv nq| cÖv_wgK ¯Z‡i wk¶vi evnb gvZ…fvlv esjv| G ¯Z‡ii wkï‡`i Rb¨ gvZ…fvlvq `¶Zv AR©b Acwinvh©| ZvB, cª_g †kªYxi evsjv eB‡qi mv‡_ wØZxq †kªYxi `~iZ¡ Kwg‡q G‡b G eBwU‡K h_vm¤¢e fvlv †kLvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| fvlv †kLvi PviwU `¶Zv - †kvbv, ejv, cov I †jLv| G PviwU `¶Zv wkïiv †hb cy‡ivcywi wbwðZfv‡e AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i, †m Rb¨ Zv‡`i eqm, †gav I MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv we‡ePbv K‡i gvZ…fvlvi †kªYxwfwËK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv cybtwba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q| G †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv †hb wk¶v_©xiv AvqË Ki‡Z cv‡i, g~jZ †m w`‡K †Lqvj †i‡L Ges Zv‡`i fvlvÁvb, kãfvÊvi I e¨eüZ evK¨ixwZi w`‡K j¶ †i‡L wØZxq †kªYxi evsjv eBwU iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkL‡b wk¶v_©x‡`i AvMÖn m„wó I cvV mnR Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i cwiwPZ cwi‡ek †_‡K cvV¨vsk Pqb Ges iwOb Qwe ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| avivevwnK Abykxjb I g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g fvlv †kLvi `¶Zv¸‡jv wk¶v_©xiv cy‡ivcwi AR©b Ki‡Z cvij wK bv, Zv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ cÖwZ cvV‡k‡l fvlvwfwËK Abykxjbx i‡q‡Q| AvaywbK Kjv-‡KŠkj e¨envi K‡i wkLb-‡kLv‡bv Kvh©vewj Kvh©Kifv‡e cwiPvjbvq wb‡`©kbv cÖ`v‡bi j‡¶¨ wk¶K-ms¯‹iY cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wk¶K-ms¯‹iY AbymiY K‡i wk¶KMY hw` †kªYxK‡¶ cvV`vb K‡ib Ges wk¶v_©x‡`i mwµq AskMÖnY wbwðZ K‡ib, Zvn‡j Zviv cv‡V AvMÖnx n‡e Ges wba©vwiZ †hvM¨Zv¸‡jv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| wk¶vµg Dbœqb GKwU avivevwnK cÖwµqv| ZvB, cvV¨ eB‡qi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ fwel¨‡Z G cÖwµqv Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e| G eB iPbv, m¤cv`bv, gy`ªY I cÖKvkbvi wewfbœ ch©v‡q huviv mnvqZv K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡`i mevB‡K RvbvB Avš wiK K…ZÁZv I ab¨ev`| †h me †KvgjgwZ wkï‡`i Rb¨ eBwU iwPZ nj, Zviv DcK…Z n‡jB Avgv‡`i mKj cÖqvm mdj n‡e e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|

cÖ‡dmi †gvt †gv¯Zdv KvgvjDwÏb

†Pqvig¨vb RvZxq wk¶vµg I cvV¨cy¯ZK †evW©, XvKv|

mƒwPcÎ welq 1.

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c„ôv Avgvi cwiPq I wVKvbv Qwe‡Z cwiwPZ cwi‡ek Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡ki †jvKRb Qwe‡Z K_v Qov mevB wg‡j Kwi KvR Avwg ne is dzj dj †Kvb †`‡k ˆekvLx †gjv mevi my‡L wcuc‡o I NyNy Kv‡Ri †jvK `yLy wgqvi RxebK_v Avgvi cY †cvlv cÖvYxi RM‡Z †Uªb GKz‡k †deªyqvwi Avgv‡`i †QvU b`x w`b mßvn gvm eQi Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k evi gv‡m Qq FZz MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡i exi‡kªô bƒi †gvnv¤§` †kL

1 2 3 4 5 8 11 14 17 20 25 27 32 35 41 44 51 54 60 63 68 71 78 81

Avgvi cwiPq I wVKvbv

gy‡L gy‡L ewj I wkwL Avgvi bvg .............................................. Avgvi eqm .................

Avgvi gv‡qi bvg : .....................................................................

Avgvi evevi bvg : ......................................................................

Avgvi we`¨vj‡qi bvg : ................................................................

Avwg †h †kªYx‡Z cwo : ................................................................

Avgvi MÖv‡gi/kn‡ii bvg : ...........................................................

Avgvi †`‡ki bvg : ....................................................................

Qwe‡Z cwiwPZ cwi‡ek Qwe †`wL I ewj

¯‹z‡ji mgq n‡q †M‡Q| Avgiv eBcÎ nv‡Z ¯‹z‡j hvw”Q|

Avgiv mvwi †eu‡a `uvwo‡q RvZxq msMxZ MvBwQ|

wk¶K e ¨vK‡ev‡W© wjL‡Qb| Avgiv †`LwQ|

Avgv‡`i Pvi cv‡ki †jvKRb Qwe †`wL I ewj

bvRy

:

gxiv : iwe

:

K…lK gv‡V avb KvU‡Q| avb †_‡K Avgiv Kx cvB ? ..................

kwd : H †`L, wiKkvIqvjv wiKkv Pvjvq| gxiv : wiKkvIqvjv Kv‡`i wb‡q hv‡”Q ? bvRy : ......................... iwe : .........................

gxiv :

‡XuwK‡Z Iiv Kx Ki‡Q ? kwd : wPwV nv‡Z †jvKwU †K ?

iwe

:

‡XuwK‡Z avb fvb‡Q|

kwd

:

Iiv †XuwK‡Z Kx Ki‡Q ? gxiv : WvKwcIb Kx K‡i ?

bvRy

:

...........................

iwe

: WvKwcIb|

bvRy : WvKwcIb wPwV wewj K‡i|

Qwe‡Z cwiwPZ cwi‡ek Qwe †`wL I ewj

evB‡i e„wó n‡”Q| `v`y evB‡i hv‡eb| `v`y‡K QvZvUv GwM‡q w`B|

gxbv GKv `uvwo‡q Av‡Q| gxbv‡K mv‡_ wb‡q Avgiv †Lwj|

eo dzdy evwo G‡m‡Qb| Zuv‡K mvjvg RvbvB|

bvwb‡K nvZ-cv †avIqvi cvwb †X‡j w`B|

Qov

Avnmvb nvexe SvD‡qi kvLvq kb kb kb gvwU‡Z jvwUg eb eb eb ev`jvi b`x ˆ_ ˆ_ ˆ_ gv‡Qi evRvi ˆn ˆn ˆn| XvwK‡`i XvK WygWygvWyg †g‡N Avi †g‡N ¸o~g¸o~g `yaKjvfvZ movZ movZ AvKv‡ki evR Povr Povr| Nvm e‡b mvc wnm wnm wnm Kv‡b Kv‡b K_v wdm wdm wdm KoK‡o PwU PUvm PUvm †i‡M‡g‡M Po Vvm Vvm Vvm| †Lv‡ci cvqiv eKg eKg we‡qgRwjk Mg Mg Mg Nv‡Ui Kjwm eyU eyU eyU Avuav‡i Bu`yi KzU KzU KzU| †eov‡ji Qvbv g¨vI g¨vI g¨vI `y w`‡bi LyKz IuqvI IuqvI|

cvV wkwL

1. kã †R‡b wbB I bZzb K_v mvRvB ev`jv el©v XvwK XvK evRvq †h KoK‡o k³, bZzb cvqiv †Lvc gRwjk

-

ev`jvi w`‡b evB‡i hve bv| XvwK XvK evRvq| fvZ kywK‡q KoK‡o n‡q †M‡Q| mv`v cvqivwU Do‡Q| KeyZi †Lvc †_‡K †ei nj| Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z AvR Mv‡bi gRwjk em‡e|

KeyZi evmv Avmi

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL (K) jvwUg †Nvivi mgq †Kgb AvIqvR K‡i ?

(L) †g‡Ni AvIqvR †Kgb ?

(M) `ya-Kjv Avi fvZ wgwk‡q †L‡Z †Kvb AvIqvR nq ?

(N) we‡q evwoi AvIqvR †Kgb ?

(O) cvqiv †Kgb kã K‡i Wv‡K ?

(P) weovjQvbvi AvIqvR †Kgb ?

(Q) `y w`‡bi LyKz †Kgb K‡i Kuv‡` ?

3. AviI wKQz AvIqvR †R‡b wbB evZv‡mi AvIqvR nvwmi AvIqvR Kvwki AvIqvR

-

†kuv †kuv nv nv / wn wn / †nv †nv LK LK

†gvi‡Mi WvK nuv‡mi WvK KzKz‡ii WvK Mi“i WvK e¨v‡Oi WvK

-

Kz°zi“ Kz Kz°zi“ Kz cu¨vK cu¨vK †ND †ND nv¤^v nv¤^v †NOi †NO †NOi †NO

4. c‡ii PiYwU ewj I wjwL XvwK‡`i XvK WygWygvWyg ................................. †eov‡ji Qvbv g¨vI g¨vI g¨vI 5. †KvbUvi m‡½ †KvbUvi wgj Zv Lyu‡R ‡`wL SvD‡qi kvLv

wnm wnm wnm

ev`jvi b`x

KzU KzU KzU

Nv‡Ui Kjwm

Povr Povr

Kv‡b Kv‡b K_v

‰n ‰n ˆn

gv‡Qi evRvi

‰_ ˆ_ ˆ_

Nvm e‡b mvc

wdm wdm wdm

AvKv‡ki evR

kb kb kb

Auvav‡i Bu`yi

eyU eyU eyU

6. Ave„wËi fw½‡Z KweZvwU cwo

mevB wg‡j Kwi KvR eû w`b Av‡Mi K_v| gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (m) ZLb gw`bv kn‡i evm K‡ib| kÎyiv `yB `yB evi gw`bvq nvgjv Kij| wKš‘ Zviv kn‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cviwQj bv| gnvbex mevB‡K WvK‡jb| ej‡jb, kÎyiv †hb wKQy‡ZB kn‡i XyK‡Z bv cv‡i| ZvB kn‡ii Pvicv‡k cwiLv Lbb Kiv `iKvi| A‡b‡KB ej‡jb Ñ GZ j¤^v cwiLv Kxfv‡e Lbb Kiv hvq ? gnvbex Zuv‡`i ej‡jb Ñ mevB wg‡j KvR Ki‡j †Kv‡bv KvRB KwVb bq| GUv `yB GK R‡b Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| mKj‡K wg‡jwg‡k KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| bexwRi K_vg‡Zv `k Rb K‡i K‡qKwU `j Mov nj| †Kvb `j KZUzKz gvwU KvU‡e Zv Av‡MB wVK K‡i wb‡Z ej‡jb wZwb| gvwU KvUvi KvR ïiy n‡q †Mj| GKwU `‡j bq Rb KvR KiwQj| bexwR †mLv‡b wM‡q ej‡jb, AvwgI †Zvgv‡`i `‡j KvR Kie| Avgvi gv_vq gvwUi Szwo Zz‡j `vI|

gnvbexi K_v ï‡b mevB ej‡jb, Avgiv _vK‡Z Avcwb †Kb G KvR Ki‡eb ? bexwR ej‡jb, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i g‡ZvB GK Rb gvbyl| †Zvgiv KvR Ki‡e Avi Avwg e‡m e‡m †`Le ? mK‡j AveviI AvcwË Rvbv‡jb| gnvbex Zuv‡`i K_v ïb‡jb bv| ej‡jb, GUv AvgviI KvR| mevB wg‡j Ki‡j KvR ZvovZvwo †kl n‡e| G K_v e‡j gnvbex wb‡Ri gv_vq gvwUi Szwo Zz‡j wb‡jb| GwU †`‡L mK‡ji gvwU KvUvi Drmvn Av‡iv †e‡o †Mj| kn‡ii Pvi w`‡K cwiLv Lbb †kl nj| mK‡j eyS‡jb - mevB wg‡j GK n‡q KvR Ki‡j †Kv‡bv evavB _v‡K bv| KwVb KvRI ZLb mnR n‡q hvq| cvV wkwL 1. kãv_© †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi gnvbex

Ñ bex‡`i g‡a¨ †miv, nhiZ gyn¤§` (m)

gnvbexi Amxg `qv|

kÎy

Ñ `ykgb

Bu`y‡ii kÎy weovj|

cÖ‡ek Kiv Ñ †XvKv

†Q‡j‡g‡qiv ¯‹z‡j cÖ‡ek Kij|

cwiLv

hy‡×i mgq cwiLv ˆZwi Kiv nq|

Ñ Pviw`K †Niv Lv`

Lbb Ñ Mov Ñ

†Luvov ˆZwi Kiv

iv¯Zv Lb‡bi KvR Pj‡Q| Zviv GMvi Rb wb‡q GKwU dzUej `j Moj|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wkwL gyn¤§` (m) kÎy wKš‘y cÖ‡ek j¤^v

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

¤§ Î š‘ cÖ ¤^

= = = = =

g+g Z+i-djv ( ª) b+Z+D-Kvi ( y) c+i-djv ( ª) g+e

Av¤§v, m¤§Z QvÎ, cÎ Rš‘, Zš‘ cÖPzi, cÖfvZ nv¤^v, K¤^j

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj (K) gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (m) †Kvb kn‡i evm Ki‡Zb ?

(L) kÎyiv Kqevi gw`bvq nvgjv K‡i ?

(M) gnvbex mKj‡K Kx Lbb Ki‡Z ej‡jb ?

(N) bexwR KqRb K‡i `j Mo‡Z ej‡jb ?

(O) bexwR bq R‡bi `‡j wM‡q Kx ej‡jb ?

(P) †K wb‡Ri gv_vq gvwUi Szwo Zz‡j wb‡jb ?

(Q) Kx †`‡L mK‡ji gvwU KvUvq Drmvn †e‡o †Mj ?

(R) cwiLv Lb‡bi KvR †kl n‡j mK‡j Kx eyS‡jb ?

Avwg ne KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg Avwg ne mKvj †ejvi cvwL mevi Av‡M Kzmg-ev‡M DVe Avwg WvwK ! mywh¨ gvgv RvMvi Av‡M DVe Avwg †R‡M, nqwb mKvj, Ny‡gv GLb, gv ej‡eb †i‡M| eje Avwg Ñ Avj‡m †g‡q Nywg‡q Zzwg _vK, nqwb mKvj, ZvB e‡j wK mKvj n‡e bv K ?

Avgiv hw` bv RvwM gv †Kg&‡b mKvj n‡e ? †Zvgvi †Q‡j DV‡j †Mv gv ivZ †cvnv‡e Z‡e|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB Kzmyg evM Kzmyg-evM

Ñ Ñ Ñ

dzj evMvb, evwMPv dz‡ji evMvb

Kzmyg-ev‡M dzj dz‡U‡Q|

mywh¨

Ñ

m h©, iwe

mywh¨ cye w`‡K I‡V|

mywh¨gvgv

Ñ

m h©‡K Av`i K‡i gvgv WvKv n‡q‡Q| †hgb, Puv`gvgv| Ajm, Kzu‡o

mywh¨gvgv RvMvi Av‡M Avwg †R‡M DVe|

Avj‡m †KD

Ñ

e‡b dzUj Kzmyg|

Avj‡m †Q‡j‡g‡q‡K fv‡jvev‡m bv|

2. hy³eY© wP‡b ivwL mywh¨ Ñ h¨ =

h+h-djv (¨)

3. wecixZ kã †R‡b wbB mKvj Ñ weKvj Nywg‡q Ñ †R‡M ivZ Ñ w`b

kh¨v

4.

k~b¨¯’v‡b wVK kã emvB (K) (L) (M) (N)

5.

----- gvgv RvMvi Av‡M DVe Avwg ----Avgiv hw` bv ---- gv †Kg&‡b ----- n‡e ?

Puv`, mywh¨ †R‡M, †i‡M RvwM, WvwK RvwM, WvwK

†QvU †QvU evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi cvwL mywh¨gvgv Avj‡m ivZ

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

Iiv cvwLi Wv‡K Nyg †_‡K †R‡M I‡V| mKv‡j mywh¨gvgv‡K cye AvKv‡k †`Lv hvq| †m Avj‡m bq, †ivR mKv‡j I‡V| w`‡bi c‡i ivZ Av‡m|

6. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL|

is dyj dj

e„wó †_‡g †M‡Q| AvKvk cwi®‹vi| AvKv‡k †`Lv hv‡”Q isaby| isaby‡Z i‡q‡Q mvZwU is| †e¸wb, bxj, Avmgvwb, meyR, njy`, Kgjv I jvj| AvKv‡ki is bxj| G †`‡ki e‡b, gv‡V Nb mey‡Ri †gjv| meyR MvQcvjv wewPÎ i‡Oi dzj †dvUvq| GB dy‡ji g‡a¨ Av‡Q kvcjv, Rev, K…òP‚ov, Muv`v, †Mvjvc, iRbxMÜv, wkgyj, K`g Avi †`vjbPuvcv|

kvcjv Avgv‡`i RvZxq dzj| †Mvjvc‡K ejv nq dz‡ji ivbx| bvbv i‡Oi †Mvjvc nq Ñ jvj, mv`v, †Mvjvwc| cjvk Avi wkgyj †dv‡U UyKUz‡K jvj i‡O| Muv`v Avi m h©gyLxi is njy`| †ewj, MÜivR, RyuB, iRbxMÜv I †`vjbPuvcvi is mv`v|

Ic‡ii Qwe‡Z †`LwQ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki bvbv iK‡gi dj| Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj, Kjv, †cu‡c, Wvwjg, Wve, Zvj, ZigyR, wjPz, †cqviv, AvZv, Avbvim Avi Kgjv Avgv‡`i wcÖq dj| KuvVvj Avgv‡`i RvZxq dj| GwU AvKv‡i †ek eo nq| cvKv KuvVvj †L‡Z †ek wgwó Avi imvj| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki AvgI †L‡Z fvwi gRv| Avbvim †ek wgwó dj| cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB isaby

Ñ

ivgaby

isabyi mvZwU is|

imvj

Ñ

imc Y©

imvj Avg †L‡Z fvwi gRv|

Mvp jvj

cjvk Avi wkgyj dzj UyKUy‡K jvj|

UyKUy‡K Ñ

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB cwi®‹vi e„wó K…òP‚ov

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

wewPÎ

Ñ

®‹ = l+K e„ = e+F-Kvi ( „ ) ó = l+U K… = K + F-Kvi ( „ ) ò = l+Y Î = Z+i-djv ( ª)

Avwe®‹vi, `y®‹i e„_v, e„¶ wgwó, Kó `„wó, m„wó Z„òv, Dò QvÎ, cvÎ

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj Ges wjwL (K) (L) (M) (N) (O)

isaby‡Z Kx Kx is _v‡K ?

AvKv‡ki is Kx ?

Avgv‡`i RvZxq dz‡ji bvg Kx ? †Kvb †Kvb dz‡ji is njy` ? †Kvb dj AvKv‡i †ek eo nq ?

4. Avgv‡`i †`kxq dz‡ji GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kwi| 5. bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi jvj bxj Kv‡jv meyR njy`

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

Avgvi Rvgvi is jvj| Avgvi Rvgvi is bxj| Kv‡jv †g‡N AvKvk †Q‡q †M‡Q| gv‡V gv‡V meyR dmj d‡j‡Q| m h©gyLx njy` i‡Oi dzj|

†Kvb †`‡k m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë

†Kvb& †`‡k‡Z ZiyjZv mKj †`‡ki PvB‡Z k¨vgj ? †Kvb& †`‡k‡Z Pj&‡Z †M‡jB `j&‡Z nq †i `~e©v †Kvgj ? †Kv_vq d‡j †mvbvi dmj, †mvbvi Kgj †dv‡U †i ? †m Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`k, Avgv‡`iB evsjv †i ! †Kv_vq Wv‡K †`v‡qj-k¨vgv wd‡O bv‡P Mv‡Q Mv‡Q ? †Kv_vq R‡j givj P‡j, givjx Zvi cv‡Q cv‡Q ; eveyB †Kv_v evmv †ev‡b, PvZK evwi hv‡P †i ? †m Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`k Avgv‡`iB evsjv †i!

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi ZiyjZv k¨vgj `~e©v †Kvgj dmj Kgj givj PvZK evwi hv‡P

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

MvQcvjv meyR big Nvm big km¨ cÙdzj ivRnuvm GK ai‡bi cvwL e„wó, cvwb Pvq

Avgvi gvgvi evwo ZiyjZvq †Niv| evsjv‡`k km¨-k¨vgj| GB gvV meyR `~e©vq XvKv| weQvbvwU †ek †Kvgj| G eQi dmj fv‡jv n‡q‡Q| w`wN‡Z Kgj dz‡U‡Q| giv‡ji Mjv j¤^v| PvZK AvKv‡k I‡o| evwi Si‡Q| I †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Kx hv‡P ?

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB k¨vgj `~e©v 3.

Ñ k¨ = k+h-djv ( ¨ ) Ñ e© = ‡id ( ©) + e

k¨vgv, e¨vKzj Me©, c~e©

gy‡L gy‡L DËi w`B (K) †Kvb †`‡ki ZiyjZv me‡P‡q †ewk k¨vgj ?

(L) †Kvb †`‡ki `~e©v †ewk †Kvgj ?

(M) (N) (O) (P) (Q)

†Kv_vq †mvbvi dmj d‡j ?

Mv‡Q Mv‡Q †Kvb cvwL bv‡P ? giv‡ji †cQ‡b †K P‡j ?

PvZK Kx hv‡P ? †KvbwU evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cvwL ?

4. evsjv‡`‡ki K‡qKwU cvwLi bvg Rvwb †`v‡qj, k¨vgv, wd‡O, givj, eveyB, PvZK| 5. Av‡iv K‡qKwU cvwLi bvg †R‡b wbB KvK, †KvwKj, Po~B, P›`bv, wPj, UzbUzwb, WvûK, eK, gvQivOv, kvwjK| 6. c‡ii jvBbwU ewj †Kvb& †`‡k‡Z ZiyjZv .............................. †Kvb& †`‡k‡Z Pj&‡Z †M‡jB ...............................

7. KweZvwU mevB wg‡j cwo I wb‡R wb‡R wjwL

ˆekvLx †gjv AvR c‡njv ˆekvL| AvR beel©| cÖwZ eQi GB w`‡b Avgv‡`i MÖv‡g ˆekvLx †gjv nq| Avwg Av‡M KLbI †gjvq hvBwb| Gevi evev ej‡jb, †gjvq Pj| Avgvi gb Lywk‡Z f‡i DVj| †QvU‡evb UzKzI †gjvq hv‡e| ZLb we‡Kj| GKUv cyKziav‡i eo eUMv‡Qi wb‡P †gjv e‡m‡Q| †gjvq A‡bK gvbyl G‡m‡Q| †gjvq Lye wfo Avi †eRvq kã| †gjvq e‡m‡Q A‡bK †`vKvb| †mme †`vKv‡b wewµ n‡”Q gvwUi wewfbœ wRwbm| Av‡Q gvwUi cyZzj I nuvwocvwZj| Av‡iv wewµ n‡”Q †e‡Zi I euv‡ki wRwbm, gywogyowK I gÊvwgVvB| Avgvi eqmx K‡qKUv †Q‡ji nv‡Z euvwk| Zviv mevB †Rv‡i †Rv‡i euvwk‡Z dzu w`‡”Q| Zv‡Z †cu †cuv AvIqvR n‡”Q| Xywj †Xvj evRv‡”Q| Wyg Wyg| UzKzi Avb›` Lye †ewk|

Avgiv †gjvq Nyijvg| ˆekvL gv‡m Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj cv‡K| cvKv d‡ji A‡bK †`vKvb e‡m‡Q †gjvq| cvKv d‡ji wgwó MÜ Pviw`‡K| GK †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q †`Ljvg Bqv eo GK jvD| Avwg Avi UzKz †Zv AevK! GZ eo jvD Av‡M KLbI †`wLwb| GKUv njy` i‡Oi cvKv kmvi w`‡K A‡b‡K ZvwK‡q Av‡Q|

evev ej‡jb, cvKv kmv w`‡q †gvieŸv nq| kmvwUi Lye `vg| ZeyI †mwU evev wKb‡jb|

n‡iK i‡Oi Nywo Do‡Q AvKv‡k| Zvi g‡a¨ mv‡ci g‡Zv GKwU j¤^v NywoI Av‡Q| Kx my›`i NywowU ! Gu‡K †eu‡K Do‡Q| GKw`‡K evwRKi evb‡ii †Ljv †`Lv‡”Q| Av‡iKw`‡K bvMi‡`vjv DV‡Q bvg‡Q| evev Avgv‡`i bvMi‡`vjvq Zz‡j w`‡jb| bvMi‡`vjvq Dc‡i DV‡j gRv jv‡M| bvgvi mgq f‡q eyKUv aK K‡i I‡V|

Avw`evmx †jv‡KivI †gjvq wRwbmcÎ wb‡q G‡m‡Q| Zviv euv‡ki PvOvwo, avgv I jvwV wewµ Ki‡Q| K‡qKRb Avw`evmx †g‡q I †Q‡j Zv‡`i fvlvq Mvb MvB‡Q Avi bvP‡Q|

evev Avgv‡`i gywogyowK wK‡b w`‡jb| †gjvq A‡bK †Ljbv G‡m‡Q| evev Avgv‡K wK‡b w`‡jb euvwk I †Xvj| UzKz‡K w`‡jb gvwUi cyZzj I †ejyb| †m¸‡jv wb‡q Lywk g‡b evwo wdijvg| ZLb ivZ n‡q †M‡Q| cvV wkwL 1. kã wkwL I bZzb evK¨ ewj c‡njv beel© †gjv

Ñ cª_g Ñ bZzb eQi Ñ wRwbmcÎ †ePv-†Kbv I Av‡gv‡`i Rb¨ eû gvbyl †hLv‡b wfo K‡i †eRvq Ñ Lye †gvieŸv Ñ wPwbi i‡m R¡vj †`Iqv dj bvMi‡`vjv Ñ wbP †_‡K Ic‡i D‡V Ny‡i Ny‡i †`vj LvIqvi †`vjbv Rš‘ Ñ Rv‡bvqvi Avw`evmx Ñ Avw`g Awaevmx

c‡njv ˆekv‡L †gjv nq| bee‡l© bZzb Rvgv c‡iwQ| fvBqvi m‡½ †gjvq hve|

†jvKwU †eRvq j¤^v| gv kmvi †gvieŸv K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv bvMi‡`vjvq Poe|

nvwZ me‡P‡q eo Rš‘ | Mv‡iv I PvKgviv evsjv‡`‡ki Avw`evmx|

PvOvwo Ñ

euvk ev †e‡Zi †QvU Szwo

†dwiIqvjvi PvOvwo‡Z wZb Kuvw` Kjv Av‡Q|

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL (K) beel© K‡e ïiy nq ?

(L) ˆekvLx †gjv †Kvb w`b nq ?

(M) †cu †cuv wK‡mi AvIqvR ?

(N) Wyg Wyg K‡i Kx evR‡Q ?

(O) kmvi Kx is wQj ?

(P) Gu‡K †eu‡K Kx Do‡Q ?

(Q) bvMi‡`vjvq bvgvi mgq eyK †Kgb K‡i ?

(R) Avw`evmxiv Kx Kx wewµ Ki‡Q ?

(S) Kviv Mvb MvB‡Q Ges bvP‡Q ?

(T) evev Kx Kx wK‡b w`‡jb ?

3. hy³eY©¸‡jv wPwb Ges Av‡iv kã wkwL beel© cÖ_g m‡½ evRv‡”Q kã Avb›` j¤^v †gvieŸv

Ñ

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

l©

= †id ( © )+l cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) ½ = O+M ”Q ã ›` ¤^ eŸ

= P+Q = b+` = g+e = e+e

el©Y, nl© cÖwZ, cÖfvZ A½, e½ (- ½ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ½) Lv‡”Q, hv‡”Q = e+` Aã, Rã g›`, my›`i A¤^j, Rv¤^yiv AveŸv, †RveŸv

Rb¨ k³

Ñ Ñ

wRwbmcÎ Ñ wewµ Ñ

b¨ = b+h-djv (¨) ³ = K+Z Î = Z+i-djv ( )ª µ = K+i-djv ( )ª

Ab¨, eb¨ i³ , e³v (- ³ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ³) gvÎ, hvÎv eµ, Pµ (- µ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq µ)

4. bZzb kã w`‡q evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi (K) cvKv kmvi is njy`| AvKv‡ki is ÑÑÑÑÑÑ| (L) K‡qK Rb †g‡q I †Q‡j Mvb MvB‡Q Avi bvP‡Q| ÑÑÑÑÑ †Q‡j‡g‡q ÑÑÑÑÑ Avi ÑÑÑÑÑ| (M) †gjvq A‡bK †Ljbv G‡m‡Q| evRv‡i A‡bK ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ G‡m‡Q|

mevi my‡L RmxgD`&`xb

mevi my‡L nvme Avwg Kuv`e mevi `y‡L, wb‡Ri Lvevi wewj‡q †`e Abvnvixi gy‡L| Avgvi evwoi dzj-evwMPv, dzj mK‡ji n‡e, Avgvi N‡i gvwUi cÖ`xc Av‡jvK w`‡e m‡e| Avgvi evwo evR‡e euvwk, mevi evwoi myi, Avgvi evwo mevi evwo iB‡e bv K `~i|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB I evK¨¸‡jv cwo Abvnvix Ñ Dcevmx, †h Lvqwb evwMPv Ñ †QvU evMvb cÖ`xc Ñ evwZ

Abvnvix‡K Lvevi `vI| evwMPvq A‡bK dzj dz‡U‡Q| mܨv‡ejv cÖ`xc R¡vjvB|

2. hy³eY© wP‡b wbB cÖ`xc Ñ cÖ = c+i-djv ( ª) 3. wecixZ k㸇jv Rvwb my‡L nvme wb‡Ri Av‡jv `~i

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

`y‡L Kuv`e c‡ii AÜKvi wbKU

4. c‡ii As‡ki m‡½ wgjvB mevi my‡L wb‡Ri Lvevi Avgvi evwo Avgvi evwo

evR‡e euvwk mevi evwo wewj‡q †`e nvme Avwg

5. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL

cÖ_g, wcÖq

wcuc‡o I NyNy †QvÆ GK wcuc‡o GKw`b Lvev‡ii †Luv‡R e‡bi c‡_ P‡j‡Q| c‡_i `ycv‡k eo eo MvQ, jZvcvZv, Nvm| ZviB cvk w`‡q †QvÆ wcuc‡o Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Z nuv‡U| nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z †ejv ev‡o| e‡bi av‡i e‡q P‡j‡Q GKwU b`x| wccvmvq KvZi K¬vš wcuc‡o| ax‡i ax‡i †m b`xi cvo †e‡q bvg‡Z ïiy K‡i| cvwbi Kv‡Q †m †cŠu‡QI hvq| mveav‡b cvwbi av‡i wM‡q †m cvwb Lvq| b`x‡Z ZLb A‡bK †XD| cvwb †L‡Z wM‡q nVvr †XD‡qi av°vq †f‡m †Mj †QvÆ wcuc‡o| Zx‡i IVvi A‡bK †Póv Kij †m| wKš y wKQy‡ZB DV‡Z cvij bv| b`xi Zx‡i Mv‡Qi Wv‡j e‡m wQj GK NyNy| NyNy †`Lj †QvÆ wcuc‡o fxlY wec‡` c‡o‡Q| †m †h-†Kv‡bv mgq Wy‡e †h‡Z cv‡i| Kx Kiv hvq? PU K‡i NyNyi gv_vq GKUv eyw× Gj| †m †VuvU w`‡q Mv‡Qi GKUv cvZv wQu‡o †d‡j w`j b`xi cvwb‡Z| cvZvUv coj wcuc‡oi mvg‡bB| †m ïb‡Z †cj NyNy cvwLUv ej‡Q : I fvB wcuc‡o, wkMwMi cvZvi Dci IV| bB‡j Wy‡e gi‡e|

†QvÆ wcuc‡o nuvcv‡Z nuvcv‡Z muvZvi †K‡U cvZvi Dci D‡V e‡m| NyNy ZLb cvZvUv Zvi †VuvU w`‡q WvOvq Zz‡j Av‡b| †eu‡P hvq †QvÆ wcuc‡o| ZLb NyNy‡K Zvi g‡b nq me‡P‡q fv‡jv eÜz| K‡qKw`b c‡ii K_v| e‡b GK cvwLwkKvwi Gj cvwLi †Luv‡R| wkKvwi Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z G‡m `uvovq b`xi av‡i †mB MvQwUi Kv‡Q| NyNy ZLb H Mv‡QiB GK Wv‡j e‡m wQj| wkKvwi Gw`K Iw`K ZvwK‡q Mv‡Qi Wv‡j emv NyNyUv‡K †`L‡Z cvq| NyNy‡K ZvK K‡i †m Zvi aby‡K Zxi jvMvq|

†QvÆ wcuc‡o ZLb Mv‡Qi wb‡PB wQj| wkKvwi Zvi abyK †_‡K †hB ZxiUv Qyuo‡Z †M‡Q, Agwb wcuc‡o KzUzm K‡i Zvi cv‡q ewm‡q w`j GK Kvgo| wkKvwii nvZ †Mj †Ku‡c| Dn&! e‡j †m gvwU‡Z e‡m coj| ZZ¶‡Y ZxiwU wbkvbv nvwi‡q Ab¨w`‡K Qy‡U †M‡Q| NyNy ïb‡Z †cj †QvÆ wcuc‡o Zvi miy Mjvq †PuwP‡q ej‡Q : fvB NyNy, cvjvI| bB‡j Zxi †L‡q gi‡e| wcuc‡oi K_v ï‡b NyNy dzo~r K‡i D‡o †Mj| emj Ab¨ Mv‡Qi Wv‡j|

wkKvwi Amnvq †Pv‡L KZ¶Y Gw`K †mw`K ZvKvj| wKš‘ NyNyUv‡K †`L‡Z bv †c‡q Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Z e‡bi Ab¨w`‡K P‡j †Mj| wKQy¶Y ci Wvj †_‡K gvwU‡Z Nv‡mi Dci †b‡g Gj NyNy| Wvbv Svc‡U †m NyÑNy K‡i Mvb †M‡q I‡V| wcuc‡o g‡bi Lywk‡Z b`xi av‡i Mv‡Qi wb‡P Ny‡i Ny‡i bv‡P| NyNyI g‡bi Avb‡›` G Wvj †_‡K I Wv‡j D‡o †eovq|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b wbB cvo Zxi Zxi

Ñ Ñ Ñ

wKbvi K‚j, b`xi cvo ki, evY

abyK

Ñ

fxlY wkKvwi

Ñ Ñ

hv w`‡q Zxi wb‡¶c Kiv nq Lye †ewk †h cïcvwL wkKvi K‡i

b`xi cv‡o †bŠKv euvav| †R‡jiv b`xi Zx‡i Ni †eu‡a‡Q| wkKvwi Zxi Quyoj| (GKB k‡ãi `yB A_©) wkKvwii nv‡Z abyK wQj| Zvi g‡b fxlY `ytL| wkKvwi nwiY wkKvi K‡i‡Q|

†LuvR wbkvbv AvuP Kij dzo~r Amnvq mveavb

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

mÜvb j¶¨ Av›`vR Kij cvwL Iovi kã mnvqnxb mZK©

†jvKwU cvwL †LuvR Ki‡Q| Zviv c‡_i wbkvbv nvwi‡qwQj| gv e¨vcviUv AuvP Ki‡jb| †QvÆ cvwL dzo~r K‡i D‡o †Mj| AÜ †jvKwU LyeB Amnvq| Avgiv mveav‡b iv¯Zv cvi nB|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB Av‡¯Z †QvÆ K¬vš

Ñ Ñ Ñ

av°v eyw× eÜz ZZ¶Y Ab¨

Ñ Ñ Ñ

¯Z Æ Kš ° Ñ Ñ ¶ b¨

= m+Z = U+U = K+j = b+Z = K+K × = `+a Ü = b+a = K+l = b+h-djv (¨)

3. DËi ewj I wjwL (K) (L) (M) (N)

†QvÆ wcuc‡o Kxfv‡e nuv‡U ?

Kvi wccvmv †c‡qwQj ? †Kv_vq b`x e‡q P‡j‡Q ? cvwbi av‡i wM‡q wcuc‡o Kx Kij ?

A¯Z, m¯Zv PÆMÖvg, fyÆv K¬vm, †K¬` `š , emš G°v, Q°v ïw×, hy× AÜ, MÜ ¶q, ¶gv eb¨, ab¨

(O) (P) (Q) (R) (S) (T) (U) 4.

5.

cvwb †L‡Z wM‡q wcuc‡oi Kx nj ?

Kv‡K wcuc‡oi Lye fv‡jv eÜz g‡b nq ?

NyNy‡K †`‡L wkKvwi Kx Kij ? wkKvwi Zxi Qyuo‡Z †M‡j wcuc‡o Kx Kij ?

Nv‡mi Ici †b‡g G‡m NyNy Kx K‡i ? wcuc‡o Kxfv‡e bv‡P ? g‡bi Avb‡›` NyNy Kx K‡i ?

wecixZ kã wkwL †QvU Ñ eo bvgv Ñ IVv eÜz Ñ kÎy

DcKvi Avb›` A‡bK

Ñ Ñ

AcKvi Ñ `ytL Aí

kã wb‡q †Lwj Ges Lvwj RvqMvq kã wj‡L cwo nuvcv‡Z nuvcv‡Z, nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z, Av‡¯Z Av‡¯Z, Ny‡i Ny‡i, nvm‡Z nvm‡Z| †QvÆ wcuc‡o ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ nuv‡U| ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ †ejv ev‡o| wcuc‡o ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ muvZvi †K‡U cvZvi Ici D‡V e‡m| wcuc‡o g‡bi Lywk‡Z b`xi av‡i Mv‡Qi wb‡P ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ bv‡P|

Kv‡Ri †jvK

beK…ò fÆvPvh©

†gŠgvwQ, †gŠgvwQ †Kv_v hvI bvwP bvwP `uvovI bv GKevi fvB| IB dzj †dv‡U e‡b hvB gay Avni‡Y `uvovevi mgq †Zv bvB|

†QvU cvwL, †QvU cvwL wKwPwgwP WvwK WvwK †Kv_v hvI e‡j hvI kywb| GLb bv Ke K_v AvwbqvwQ Z…YjZv Avcbvi evmv Av‡M eywb| wccxwjKv, wccxwjKv `jej Qvwo GKv †Kv_v hvI, hvI fvB ewj| kx‡Zi mÂq PvB Lv`¨ LyuwR‡ZwQ ZvB Qq cv‡q wcjwcj Pwj|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ Mwo †gŠgvwQ AvniY

Ñ gay msMÖnKvix cZ½ †gŠgvwQ dz‡j dz‡j D‡o †eovq| Ñ †hvMvo ivbœvi Rb¨ KvV AvniY Ki‡Z n‡e| wKwPwgwP Ñ cvwLi WvK Po~B cvwL wKwPwgwP Ki‡Q| Ke Ñ eje Avwg K_v Ke bv| Z…YjZv Ñ Nvm I jZv Miz Z…YjZv Lvq| eywb Ñ eybb Kwi Avgiv Kvco eywb| wccxwjKv Ñ wcuc‡o wccxwjKv mvwi‡eu‡a P‡j| `jej Ñ `‡ji mevB Avgiv `je‡j †Zvgvi evwo‡Z hve| mÂq Ñ msMÖn †m Lv`¨ mÂq K‡i| wcjwcj Ñ wcuc‡oi Pjv jvj wcuc‡o¸‡jv wcjwcj K‡i P‡j‡Q|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB| AviI kã †R‡b wbB Z…Y mÂq

Ñ Z… = Z+F-Kvi ( „) Ñ Â = T+P

Lv`¨

Ñ `¨ = `+h-djv ( ¨ )

Z…Zxq, Z…òv PÂj, g (- = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq Â) A`¨, M`¨

3. wVK DËi wjwL (K) †gŠgvwQ Kxfv‡e hv‡”Q ?

(L) †gŠgvwQ Kx Rb¨ hv‡”Q ?

(M) wKwPwgwP †K Wv‡K ?

(N) wccxwjKv Kx LyuR‡Q ?

(O) wccxwjKv Kxfv‡e P‡j ?

(P) Kv‡Ri †jvK †K †K ?

4. c‡ii As‡ki m‡½ wVK wVK wgjvB hvB gay Av‡M eywb Avcbvi evmv LyuwR‡ZwQ ZvB Lv`¨ Avni‡Y Qvwo GKv 5. Av‡Mi PiYwU ewj I wjwL ---------------------`jej Qvwo GKv ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ †Kv_v hvI bvwP bvwP 6. Av‡iv hviv KvR K‡i Zv‡`i bvg Rvwb eveyB, †RvbvwK, ågi| 7. wZb R‡b cÖkœ Kwi Avi wZb R‡b DËi w`B| Gfv‡e Qq R‡b cy‡iv KweZvwU cwo|

`yLy wgqvi RxebK_v bvg Zuvi `yLy wgqv| Zuvi GKUv fv‡jv bvgI i‡q‡Q| Zuvi evevi bvg KvRx dwKi Avng` Ges gv‡qi bvg Rv‡n`v LvZzb| Zuviv Zuv‡K Av`i K‡i Wv‡Kb `yLy wgqv| `yLy wgqv 1306 mv‡bi 11B ˆR¨ô Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| `yLy wgqvi Rxe‡b `ytL wQj A‡bK| AvU eQi eq‡m Zuvi evev gviv hvb| Zuv‡K bvbv iK‡gi KvR Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| KLbI wZwb gmwR‡` BgvgwZ K‡ib| KLbI wZwb Avhvb †`b| Avevi KLbI wZwb gv`ªvmvi I¯Zv`| c‡i `yLy wgqv †j‡UvMv‡bi `‡j †hvM †`b| †j‡Uvi `j MÖv‡g MÖv‡g Mvb †M‡q †eovq| `yLy wgqv Zuv‡`i m‡½ hvb| Mvb †j‡Lb Avi Mvb K‡ib| Gi wKQy w`b ci `yLy wgqv ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| wZwb KweZv iPbv ïiy K‡ib| G R‡b¨ wk¶KMY Zuvi Lye Zvwid K‡ib|

Gi ci ïiy nq gnvhy×| `yLy wgqv †mbvevwnbx‡Z †hvM †`b|

`yLy wgqvi Avmj bvg KvRx bRiyj Bmjvg| ZLb wZwb AvVvi eQ‡ii hyeK| bRiyj bvbv †`‡ki bvbv †jv‡Ki m‡½ †gjv‡gkv K‡ib| A‡bK fvlv †k‡Lb| Aemi mg‡q GB ˆmwbK KweZv I Mí wjL‡Z ïiy K‡ib| hyׇk‡l bRiyj †mbvevwnbx †Q‡o †`b| ïi“ K‡ib †jLv‡jwL| cwÎKvq Zuvi †jLv Qvcv n‡Z _v‡K| wZwb wjL‡jb KweZvi eB, M‡íi eB, bvU‡Ki eB| we‡`ªvnx KweZv wj‡L wZwb we‡`ªvnx Kwe bv‡g cwiwPZ nb| Ab¨vq I AZ¨vPv‡ii weiy‡× †jLvi Rb¨ bRiyj †RjLvbvq e›`x nb| bRiyj A‡bK MvbI iPbv K‡ib| Zuvi †jLv MRj Mvb mevi wcÖq|

bRiyj Bmjvg Zuvi KweZvq †`k‡K fv‡jvevmvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| ¯^vaxbZvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| Mwie`ytLx‡`i `yt‡Li K_v wj‡L‡Qb| bRiy‡ji KweZvq Av‡Q cÖwZev` I we‡`ªvn| †QvU‡`i Rb¨I bRiyj wj‡L‡Qb gRvi gRvi KweZv I bvwUKv| bRiyj A‡bK eo Kwe| mevi wcªq Kwe| Avgv‡`i RvZxq Kwe| 1383 m‡bi 12B fv`ª bRi“‡ji g„Zz¨ nq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi gmwR‡`i cv‡k Zuvi Kei i‡q‡Q|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jvi A_© †R‡b ivwL| evK¨¸‡jv cwo BgvgwZ

Ñ

I¯Zv`

Ñ

†j‡Uv

Ñ

gmwR‡` bvgvh cwiPvjbv Kiv wk¶K GK cÖKvi MÖvgxY Mvb

gmwR‡` Bgvg mv‡ne BgvgwZ cwiPvjbv K‡ib| †Q‡j‡ejvq bRiyj gv`ªvmvi I¯Zv` wQ‡jb| `yLy wgqv †j‡Uv Mvb †j‡Lb I Mvb K‡ib|

Zvwid

-

cÖksmv

gnvhy×

Ñ

†h hy‡× A‡bK †`k Ask †bq| ˆmb¨‡`i `j

†mbvevwnbx Ñ ˆmwbK

Ñ

we‡`ªvnx

Ñ

AZ¨vPvi

Ñ

e›`x

Ñ

MRj

Ñ

¯^vaxbZv

Ñ

RvZxq

†mbvwefv‡Mi †jvK, wmcvB whwb Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` K‡ib| Ryjyg †RjLvbvq AvUK e¨w³, K‡qw` GK cÖKvi Mvb

gyw³, A‡b¨i Aax‡b bv _vKv Ñ RvwZi wbR¯^

wk¶KMY bRi“‡ji A‡bK Zvwid Ki‡Zb| gnvhy‡× A‡bK †jvK gviv hvq| bRiyj †mbvevwnbx‡Z †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb| bRiyj GK Rb ˆmwbK wQ‡jb| bRiyj GK Rb we‡`ªvnx Kwe| AZ¨vPv‡ii weiy‡× bRiyj KweZv †j‡Lb| Bs‡iR miKvi bRiyj‡K †RjLvbvq e›`x K‡ib| bRiyj MRj Mvb wj‡L A‡bK bvg K‡ib| ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ A‡b‡K Rxeb `vb K‡ib| kvcjv Avgv‡`i RvZxq dzj|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB ˆR¨ô Rb¥MÖnY

Ñ Ñ

ô = l+V †R¨ô, lô b¥ = b+g AvRb¥, Rb¥f wg MÖ = M+iÑdjv ( ª) AMÖ, MÖn

gv`ªvmv Ñ `ª = `+i-djv ( ª) I¯Zv` Ñ ¯Z = m‡½ Ñ ½ = O+M fwZ© Ñ Z© = †id ( ©)+Z wk¶K Ñ ¶ = K+l weiy× Ñ × = `+a Mí Ñ cwÎKv Ñ Ab¨vq Ñ AZ¨vPvi Ñ g„Zz¨ Ñ e›`x Ñ ¯^vaxbZv Ñ fv`ª Ñ

í Î b¨ Z¨ Zy¨ ›` ¯^ `ª

= = = = = = = =

j+c Z+i-djv ( ª) b+h-djv (¨) Z+h-djv (¨) Z+h-djv (¨)+D(y) b+` m+e `+i-djv ( ª)

3. GKK_vq ewj (K) whwb gmwR‡` Avhvb †`b (L) whwb gmwR‡` BgvgwZ K‡ib (M) whwb gv`ªvmvq ev ¯‹z‡j covb (N) whwb KweZv †j‡Lb

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

`wi`ª, we‡`ªvnx m+Z e¯Zv, m¯Zv e½, A½ (- ½ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ½) MZ©, KZ©v K¶, c¶ hy×, e× (- × = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ×) Aí, Kíbv QvÎ, hvÎx Kb¨v, eb¨v mZ¨, cª‡Z¨K cÖZz¨l Avb›`, cQ›` ¯^‡`k, ¯^v` we‡`ªvn, f`ª

gyqvhwhb Bgvg I¯Zv`, wk¶K Kwe

(O) whwb †mbvwefv‡M KvR K‡ib (P) ˆmwbK‡`i `j (Q) whwb we‡`ªvn K‡ib

Ñ Ñ Ñ

ˆmwbK †mbvevwnbx we‡`ªvnx

4. DËi ewj I wjwL (K) `yLy wgqvi Avmj bvg Kx ?

(L) `yLy wgqvi evev KLb gviv hvb ?

(M) `yLy wgqv gmwR‡` Kx Kx KvR Ki‡Zb ?

(N) †j‡Uv Mv‡bi `‡j `yLyi Kx KvR wQj ?

(O) ¯‹z‡ji wk¶KMY Zuvi Zvwid Ki‡Zb †Kb ?

(P) †K we‡`ªvnx Kwe ?

(Q) Aemi mg‡q bRiyj Kx Ki‡Zb ?

(R) bRiyj‡K we‡`ªvnx Kwe ejv nq †Kb ?

(S) bRiyj Bmjvg †Kb e›`x nb ?

(T) bRiyj Zuvi KweZvq Kx K_v e‡j‡Qb ?

(U) bRiyj †QvU‡`i Rb¨ Kx wj‡L‡Qb ?

(V) bRiyj Bmjv‡gi Kei †Kv_vq ?

Avgvi cY

g`b‡gvnb ZK©vj¼vi mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj, mviv w`b Avwg †hb fv‡jv n‡q Pwj| Av‡`k K‡ib hvnv †gvi ¸iyR‡b, Avwg †hb †mB KvR Kwi fv‡jv g‡b| fvB‡evb mK‡j‡i †hb fv‡jvevwm, GK mv‡_ _vwK †hb m‡e wg‡jwgwk| fv‡jv †Q‡j‡`i mv‡_ wg‡k Kwi †Ljv, cv‡Vi mgq †hb bvwn Kwi †njv| myLx †hb bvwn nB Avi Kv‡iv `y‡L, wg‡Q K_v Kfy †hb bvwn Av‡m gy‡L| mveav‡b †hb †jvf mvgwj‡q _vwK, wKQy‡Z Kvnv‡i †hb bvwn †`B duvwK| SMov bv Kwi †hb Kfy Kv‡iv m‡b, mKv‡j DwVqv GB ewj g‡b g‡b|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb K_v mvRvB †gvi cvV †njv Av‡`k duvwK m‡b Kfy

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

Avgvi cov Ae‡njv ûKzg †auvKv m‡½ KLbI

AvR †gvi A‡bK KvR| cvV †kl K‡i †Lj‡Z hve| KvD‡K †njv K‡iv bv| Avcbvi Av‡`k Avwg cvjb Kie| Avwg KvD‡K dvuwK †`e bv| Avwg †Zvgvi m‡b K_v eje| Kfy wg‡Q K_v eje bv|

2. gy‡L gy‡L DËi w`B (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P) (Q)

mKv‡j D‡V Avwg g‡b g‡b Kx ewj ?

Kviv ¸iyRb ?

GK m‡½ Kviv wg‡jwg‡k _vK‡e ? cv‡Vi mgq Kx Kiv DwPZ ?

Kv‡`i m‡½ wgk‡Z n‡e Ges †Lj‡Z n‡e ?

A‡b¨i `yt‡L Kx n‡Z n‡e ?

Kx mvgwj‡q ivL‡Z n‡e ?

3. ¸iyRb‡`i †R‡b wbB gv, evev, `v`v, `vw`, bvbv, bvwb, PvPv, PvwP, gvgv, gvwg, dzdz, dzdv, Lvjv, Lvjy, eo fvB, eo †evb, wk¶K|

4. wecixZ kã †R‡b wbB mKvj fv‡jv myLx wg_¨v

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

weKvj g›` `ytLx mZ¨

5. c‡ii PiYwU wjwL Av‡`k K‡ib hvnv †gvi ¸iyR‡b, ........................................ myLx †hb bvwn nB Avi Kv‡iv `y‡L, ........................................

6. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi|

†cvlv cÖvYxi RM‡Z gvgvi eÜz nvwg` mv‡ne MÖv‡g _v‡Kb| Zuvi Lvgv‡i A‡bK ckycvwL Av‡Q| gvgv GKw`b Avgv‡`i ej‡jb Ñ Pj, Avgiv nvwg` mv‡n‡ei Lvgvi †`‡L Avwm| Avgiv Avb‡›` †b‡P DVjvg| GK QywUi w`‡b gvgv Lvgvi evwo‡Z Avgv‡`i wb‡q †M‡jb| Avgiv wQjvg Pvi Rb Ñ Avgvi †evb kvby, cv‡ki evwoi mvjgv I AvwZK Ges Avwg| nvwg` mv‡ne‡K †`‡L Avgiv mvjvg w`jvg| wZwbI Avgv‡`i mvjvg w`‡jb| Avgv‡`i †`‡L wZwb Lye Lywk n‡jb| Avgiv Lvgvi †`L‡Z †eiyjvg| †`Ljvg bvbv i‡Oi Miy| †Kv‡bvUv mv`v, †Kv‡bvUv Kv‡jv Avi †Kv‡bvUv jvj‡P| K‡qKwU Miy Kx †hb Lv‡”Q| gv‡S gv‡S †jR w`‡q gkv-gvwQ Zvov‡”Q| mvjgv wR‡Ám Kij Ñ Iiv Kx Lvq ? nvwg` : Giv Nvm, Lo I fywl Lvq| K‡qKwU Miy wKQy Lv‡”Q bv, wKš‘ e‡m e‡m wKQy wPey‡”Q| kvby Rvb‡Z PvBj Miy¸‡jv Kx wPey‡”Q|

nvwg` : Iiv Lvevi cÖ_‡g bv wPwe‡q wM‡j †d‡j| †m¸‡jv †c‡Ui †fZ‡i Rwg‡q iv‡L| c‡i Giv Zv gy‡L G‡b wPwe‡q Lvq| Gi bvg Rvei KvUv| nvwg` mv‡ne Rvbv‡jb, Lvgv‡ii MiyMy‡jv A‡bK `ya †`q| kvby wR‡Ám Kij, Avcwb GZ `ya Kx K‡ib ? nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb Ñ wKQy `ya Avwg LvB, evwK `ya evRv‡i wewµ K‡i w`B| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, Miy Avgv‡`i A‡bK Kv‡R jv‡M| Giv jvOj Uv‡b, †L‡Z gB Uv‡b, avb gvovB K‡i| Avi †Z‡ji Nvwb Uv‡b| gvgv ej‡jb, Mi“ Avgv‡`i Av‡iv DcKvi K‡i| Miyi Pvgov w`‡q RyZv, e¨vM Ges Av‡iv A‡bK wKQy ˆZwi nq|

Miyi N‡ii cv‡kB QvM‡ji Ni| A‡bK QvMj †mLv‡b Ny‡i †eov‡”Q, jvdv‡”Q, †QvUvQywU Ki‡Q| GivI bvbv i‡Oi Ñ mv`v, Kv‡jv Avi jvj‡P| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, Giv Nvm, Mv‡Qi cvZv Avi fywl Lvq| QvM‡ji `ya Avgiv LvB| G‡`i Pvgov w`‡qI A‡bK wKQy ˆZwi nq|

QvM‡ji N‡ii Kv‡QB †`Ljvg Nb Kv‡jv i‡Oi `ywU cÖvYx Nvm Lv‡”Q| †`L‡Z Miyi g‡Zv n‡jI A‡bK eo| G‡`i gv_vq †ek eo eo `ywU wks| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, Giv gwnl| Miyi g‡ZvB wbixn cï| GB gwnl `ywU Avgvi Mvwo Uv‡b| G‡`i Mv‡q †ek †Rvi Av‡Q| gvgv ej‡jb, Miyi g‡Zv GivI Avgv‡`i `ya †`q|

wKQy ` ‡i †`Ljvg Av‡iKwU j¤^v Ni| †mLvb †_‡K †f‡m Avm‡Q A‡bK gyiwMi WvK| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, GUv Avgvi gyiwMi Lvgvi| nvwg` mv‡ne‡K †`‡L gyiwM¸‡jv KzK&-Kz-iy KzK&-Kz-iy K‡i WvKj| g‡b nq, nvwg` mv‡ne‡K Giv †P‡b| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, G‡`i fv‡jv Lvevi w`‡j A‡bK wWg †`q| gyiwMi N‡ii cv‡k †NivI †`Iqv †QvU GKwU cyKz‡i mv`v mv`v nuvm †f‡m †eov‡”Q| nuvm †`L‡Z Kx my›`i ! nvwg` mv‡n‡ei m‡½ Gevi Zuvi evwo‡Z wd‡i Gjvg| wZwb ej‡jb- Miy, QvMj, nuvm, gyiwM M„ncvwjZ Rxe| Gme cÖvYx Avgv‡`i A‡bK DcKvi K‡i| mK‡ji DwPZ G‡`i fv‡jvevmv I hZœ †bIqv|

Ggb mgq wgquvI wgquvI kã †kvbv †Mj| ZvwK‡q †`wL N‡ii GK †Kv‡Y e‡m Av‡Q GKwU weovj| weov‡ji ZzjZz‡j big Mv| kvby Qy‡U †Mj weovjUv‡K ai‡Z| weovjwU Agwb jvd w`‡q †Kv_vq cvwj‡q †Mj| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, weovjwU Avgvi A‡bK DcKvi K‡i| weovj Bu`yi a‡i| weov‡ji f‡q me Bu`yi cvwj‡q †M‡Q| evB‡i Kv‡Ki Kv-Kv WvK †kvbv †Mj| †Kv_v †_‡K GKUv KzKzi G‡m Kv‡Ki †cQ‡b QyU‡Z jvMj| nvwg` mv‡ne ej‡jb, GUv Avgvi †cvlv KzKzi| w`bivZ †m cvnviv †`q| †kqvj gyiwM Pzwi Ki‡Z G‡j KzKzi Zv‡K Zvov K‡i| Avgv‡`i N‡i †divi mgq n‡q Gj| nvwg` mv‡ne‡K mvjvg w`‡q Avgiv evwoi c‡_ iIqvbv njvg|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB| bZzb kã w`‡q K_v mvRvB Lvgvi

Ñ Miy, QvMj, gyiwM †mwjg mv‡n‡ei LvgviwU BZ¨vw` cÖvYx †hLv‡b Lye eo| cvjb Kiv nq| wbixn Ñ kvš Miy wbixn cÖvYx| Lo Ñ ïK‡bv Nvm cvwLi gy‡L GK UzK‡iv Lo †`Lv hv‡”Q| jvj‡P Ñ jvj i‡Oi fve †iv‡` Zvi gyL jvj‡P †`Lv‡”Q| M„ncvwjZ Ñ N‡i †cvlv weovj M„ncvwjZ cÖvYx| ZzjZz‡j Ñ Lye big weovj-QvbvwUi Mv ZzjZz‡j| cvnviv †`Iqv Ñ †`Lv‡kvbv Kiv `v‡ivqvb fvB Avgv‡`i evwo cvnviv †`b| 2. DËi ewj I wjwL (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P)

LvgviwU Kvi ?

Lvgv‡i †K †K †Mj ?

Miy Kx Kx Lvq ?

Rvei KvUv Kx ?

QvMj Kx Lvq ?

Lvgv‡ii Miy-QvM‡ji is Kx Kx ?

(Q) gwnl †Kvb Kv‡R jv‡M ?

(R) nuvm¸‡jvi is †Kgb ?

(S) nvwg` mv‡n‡ei Lvgv‡i †Kvb †Kvb cÖvYx Av‡Q ?

3. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b ivwL cÖvYx eÜz

Ñ Ñ

cÖ Ü

= =

c+i-djv ( ª) b+a

NÈv nv¤^v Zvov‡”Q †eov‡”Q jvdv‡”Q wR‡Ám wewµ

Ñ Ñ Ñ

È ¤^ ”Q

= = =

Y+U g+e P+Q

Ñ Ñ

Á µ

= =

R+T K+i-djv ( ª)

e¨vM Ñ hvÎx Ñ M„ncvwjZ Ñ kã Ñ

e¨ Î M„ ã

= = = =

e+h-djv (¨) Z+i-djv ( ª) M+F-Kvi ( „ ) e+`

cÖKvi, cÖfvZ MÜ, eÜ (-Ü = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq Ü) eÈb, KÈK K¤^j, m¤^j w`‡”Q, wb‡”Q

Ávb, weÁvb µg, weµq (- µ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq µ) e¨_v, e¨vqvg QvÎx, ivwÎ M„n, M„n¯’ Aã, Rã

4. nvwg` mv‡n‡ei Lvgv‡i †h cÖvYx¸‡jv †bB †m¸‡jv †ei Kwi Miy, QvMj, Mvav, †Nvov, gwnl, gyiwM, Li‡Mvm, nwiY 5. wecixZ k㸇jv †R‡b wbB eÜz Ñ Avb›` Ñ DcKvi Ñ

kÎy †e`bv AcKvi

MÖvg j¤^v ZzjZz‡j

Ñ Ñ Ñ

kni Lv‡Uv LmL‡m

6. hwZwPý¸‡jv †`‡L wbB `uvwo (| ) Ñ Avgv‡`i †`‡L nvwg` mv‡ne Lye Lywk n‡jb| Kgv ( , ) Ñ Giv jvOj Uv‡b, †L‡Z gB Uv‡b, avb gvovB K‡i| cÖkœ wPý ( ?) Ñ Avcwb `ya Kx K‡ib ?

7. Miyi DcKvi wel‡q wZbwU evK¨ wjwL

†Uªb kvgmyi ivngvb SK SK SK †Uªb P‡j‡Q ivZ `ycy‡i AB| †Uªb P‡j‡Q, †Uªb P‡j‡Q †Uª‡bi evwo KB ?

GKUz wR‡ivq, †di Qy‡U hvq gvV †ciy‡jB eb| cy‡ji Ici evRbv ev‡R Sb SbvSb Sb| †`k we‡`‡k †eovq Ny‡i †bB‡Kv †Nvivi †kl| B‡”Q n‡jB evRvq euvwk, w`b †K‡U hvq †ek| _vg‡e nVvr gRvi Mvwo GKUz †K‡k LK| Avgvq wb‡q QyU‡e Avevi SK SKvSK SK|

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB ivZ `ycyi wR‡ivq †di †ciy‡jB

cvV wkwL

Ñ gvS ivZ Ñ wekªvg †bq Ñ Avevi| Ñ cvi n‡jB|

ivZ `ycy‡i †kqvj¸‡jv WvK‡Q| †m Mv‡Qi wb‡P wR‡ivq| †di G KvRwU K‡iv bv| gvV †ciy‡jB eb|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB †Uªb B‡”Q AB

Ñ Uª Ñ ”Q ÑH

= U+i-djv ( ª) = P+Q = A+B

UªvK, Uªvg Av”Qv, hvw”Q HLv‡b, HiveZ

3. wVK kãwU †e‡Q wb‡q Lvwj RvqMvq emvB †Uªb †Uªb P‡j‡Q gvV cvi n‡jB cy‡ji Ici †Uªb

kã K‡i P‡j| - SKvSK/wSKwSK | -w`b `ycy‡i / ivZ `ycy‡i |-eb/wej kã K‡i|- SbvSb/SgvSg

4. c‡ii PiYwU gy‡L ewj I wkwL (K) B‡”Q n‡jB evRvq euvwk, -| (L) _vg‡e nVvr gRvi Mvwo -|

5. wecixZ k㸇jv †R‡b wbB ivZ †`k †kl _vgv

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

w`b we‡`k ïiy Pjv

6. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj (K) (L) (M) (N) (O)

Pjvi mgq †Uªb †Kgb kã K‡i ? cy‡ji Ici †Uªb †Kgb evRbv evRvq ? †Uªb †Kv_vq Ny‡i †eovq ?

B‡”Q n‡j †Uªb Kx K‡i ? †Uªb †Kgb kã K‡i _v‡g ?

GKz‡k †deª~qvwi wk¶K : ej †Zv AvR KZ ZvwiL ? wkwib : AvR we‡k †deª~qvwi| wk¶K : AvMvgxKvj GKz‡k †deª~qvwi| Kvj Avgv‡`i ¯‹zj QywU| GB w`bwU knx` w`em| iwk` : knx` w`em †Kb ejv nq m¨vi ? wk¶K : ejwQ| Zvi Av‡M ej †Zv knx` A_© Kx? wkwib : Rvwb bv m¨vi| wk¶K : huviv mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi Rb¨ Rxeb †`b, Zuv‡`i knx` ejv nq| GKz‡k †deª~qvwi huviv gvZ…fvlvi gh©v`vi Rb¨ Rxeb w`‡q knx` n‡qwQ‡jb Zuv‡`i ¯§i‡Y Avgiv knx` w`em cvjb Kwi|

cÖwZfv

: m¨vi, Avgiv knx` w`em m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB|

wk¶K

: †kvb| 1971 mv‡ji gnvb gyw³hy‡×i Av‡M Avgv‡`i †`k cvwK¯Zv‡bi GKwU Ask wQj| bvg wQj cƒe© cvwK¯Zvb| †Zvgiv Rvb †Zv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv evsjv ?

Ugvm

: Avgiv Rvwb, evsjv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv|

wk¶K

: ïay gvZ…fvlv bq, Avgv‡`i ivóªfvlvI evsjv| wKš‘ cvwK¯Zvb Avg‡j kvm‡Kiv evsjv fvlv‡K ev` w`‡q D`y© fvlv‡K ivóªfvlv e‡j †NvlYv †`q|

iwk`

: Zvici m¨vi ?

wk¶K

: evOvwjiv GB †NvlYvi cÖwZev` K‡i| Zviv mfv K‡i, wgwQj K‡i| wVK nq, 1952 mv‡ji GKz‡k †deª~qvwi mviv †`‡k cÖwZev` mfv Avi wgwQj n‡e| miKvi †m w`b wgwQj I mfv Kiv †eAvBwb †NvlYv K‡i|

kvgxg

: †m w`b wK m¨vi wgwQj mfv nqwb ?

wk¶K

: n‡qwQj| mfvi †k‡l wgwQj K‡i QvÎ-RbZv iv¯Zvq †ei nq| ZLb cywjk wgwQ‡ji Ici ¸wj Pvjvq|

wkjy eo~qv : Zvici Kx nj m¨vi ? wk¶K

: †m w`b cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` nb iwdK, ReŸvi, eiKZ Ges AvnZ nb mvjvg| c‡ii w`b cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` nb kwdDi| AvnZ mvjvg c‡i g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| Guiv mevB gvZ…fvlvi Rb¨ Rxeb w`‡q‡Qb| Guiv knx`|

kwdDi ingvb

wkwib wk¶K

: :

vÎQvÎxi

:

ReŸvi

Aveyj eiKZ

iwdK DÏxb

m¨vi, G Rb¨B eywS GKz‡k †deª~qvwi knx` w`em ? wVK e‡jQ| GKz‡k †deª~qvwi knx` w`em| †m w`b Avgiv fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi knx`‡`i ¯§iY Kwi| knx` wgbv‡i wM‡q dzj w`B| G‡mv Avgiv ewj Ñ knx`¯§„wZ Agi †nvK| knx`¯§„wZ Agi †nvK| cvV wkwL

1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ mvRvB knx`

w`em

Ñ b¨vq I m‡Z¨i Rb¨ huviv Rxeb †`b Ñ w`b

knx` w`em Ñ knx`‡`i ¯§i‡Y †h w`em cvwjZ nq|

Avgiv knx`‡`i m¤§vb Kwi|

knx` w`e‡m Avgiv knx` wgbv‡i dzj w`B| GKz‡k †deª~qvwi knx` w`em|

b¨vq ¯§iY

Ñ bxwZ, mZ¨ Ñ ¯§„wZ, g‡b Kiv

gvZ…fvlv ivóªfvlv

†eAvBwb

Ñ gv‡qi gy‡Li fvlv Ñ †h fvlv w`‡q iv‡óªi KvRKg© P‡j Ñ D”P kã K‡i Rvbv‡bv Ñ AvBb we‡ivax

wgwQj

Ñ

cÖwZev`

Ñ

†NvlYv

Av‡›`vjb Ñ Agi

Ñ

b¨v‡qi Rb¨ joe| Avgiv knx`‡`i ¯§i‡Y G mfv KiwQ| evsjv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv| evsjv Avgv‡`i ivóªfvlv|

AvMvgxKvj QywUi †NvlYv nj| KL‡bv †eAvBwb KvR Kie bv| †Kv‡bv D‡Ï‡k¨ GK`j gvbyl wgwQj K‡i eû gvby‡li hv‡”Q| GK mv‡_ hvÎv weiy‡× ejv Avwg †Zvgvi K_vi cÖwZev` KiwQ| †Kv‡bv wKQyi `vwe‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl cÖwZev` Kiv evsjvfvlvi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb K‡i‡Q| g„Zz¨nxb knx`MY Agi|

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b ivwL †deª~qvwi b¨vq mZ¨ ¯§iY c e©

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

eª b¨ Z¨ ¯§ e©

= = = = =

e+i-djv ( ª) b+h-djv (¨) Z+h-djv (¨) m+g †id ( © )+e

eªZ, eªZx Ab¨vq, ab¨ev` AZ¨vPvi, AZ¨š we¯§q, ¯§„wZ me©, Me©

cvwK¯Zvb gvZ…fvlv cÖwZev` ivóªfvlv Av‡›`vjb ReŸvi

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

¯Z Z… cÖ óª ›` eŸ

= m+Z = Z+F-Kvi ( „) = c+i-djv ( ª) = l+U+i-djv ( ª) = b+` = e+e

g¯Z, iv¯Zv Z…Y, Z…wß cÖwZw`b, cÖZ¨n Dóª, †jvó« e›`x, Avb›` AveŸv, gyiyweŸ

3. wecixZkã †R‡b wbB b¨vq mZ¨ Rxeb

Ñ Ñ Ñ

Ab¨vq wg_¨v giY

4. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P)

GKz‡k †deª~qvwi QywUi w`b †Kb ? knx` K_vwUi A_© Kx ?

Kv‡`i gvZ„fvlv evsjv ?

Kv‡`i ivóªfvlv evsjv ? c e© cvwK¯Zv‡bi gvbyl †Kb cÖwZev` Kij ?

Kviv GKz‡k †deª~qvwi‡Z knx` nb ?

5. evsjv fvlvi Rb¨ huviv knx` n‡q‡Qb, Zuv‡`i bvg †R‡b wbB iwdK, ReŸvi, eiKZ, kwdDi, mvjvg

6. ev‡K¨ wVK kã emvB (K) (L) (M) (N)

hvuiv mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi Rb¨ ÑÑÑÑÑÑ †`b Zuv‡`i knx` e‡j| evsjv Avgv‡`i ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ | GKz‡k †deª~qvwi‡K ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ w`em ejv nq| Avgiv ÑÑÑÑÑ w`‡q knx`‡`i ¯§iY Kwi|

Avgv‡`i †QvU b`x iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

Avgv‡`i †QvU b`x P‡j euv‡K euv‡K, ˆekvL gv‡m Zvi nuvUzRj _v‡K| cvi n‡q hvq Miy, cvi nq Mvwo, `yB avi DuPz Zvi, Xvjy Zvi cvwo| wPKwPK K‡i evwj, †Kv_v bvB Kv`v, GK av‡i Kvkeb dz‡j dz‡j mv`v| wKwPwgwP K‡i †m_v kvwj‡Ki SuvK, iv‡Z I‡V †_‡K †_‡K †kqv‡ji nuvK| Zx‡i Zx‡i †Q‡j‡g‡q bvwnevi Kv‡j MvgQvq Rj fwi Mv‡q Zviv Xv‡j| mKv‡j weKv‡j Kfy bvIqv n‡j c‡i AvuP‡j QuvwKqv Zviv †QvU gvQ a‡i| Avlv‡p ev`j bv‡g, b`x f‡iv f‡iv, gvwZqv QywUqv P‡j aviv LiZi| `yB K‚‡j e‡b e‡b c‡o hvq mvov, eilvi Drm‡e †R‡M I‡V cvov|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ wjwL euv‡K euv‡K Ñ nuvUzRj Ñ

2.

wPKwPK SuvK nuvK bvIqv ev`j aviv LiZi f‡iv f‡iv K‚j mvov

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

Drme

Ñ

Gu‡K †eu‡K nuvUz mgvb cvwb D¾¡j `j WvK †Mvmj e„wó †mªvZ cÖej cÖvq fiv b`xi Zxi †kvi‡Mvj, AvIqvR Avb‡›`i Abyôvb

LvjwU euv‡K euv‡K P‡j| cyKzi ïwK‡q hv‡”Q, GLb cyKz‡i nuvUzRj n‡q‡Q| †iv‡` evwj wPKwPK Ki‡Q| GK SuvK cvwL D‡o †Mj| †Rv‡i nuvK `vI| †Zvgvi GLbI bvIqv-LvIqv nqwb ? †Rv‡i ev`j †b‡g‡Q| e„wói avivq me †f‡m †M‡Q| LiZi †e‡M †bŠKv Pj‡Q| GB el©vq b`x f‡iv f‡iv n‡q‡Q| b`xi K‚‡j †bŠKv wfovI| †Zvgvi mvov †c‡q Avwg †ewi‡q Gjvg| eo Avcvi we‡qi Drm‡e Lye Avb›` nj|

gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL (K) †QvU b`x Kxfv‡e P‡j ?

(L) ˆekvL gv‡m †QvU b`xi cvwb KZUzKz _v‡K ?

(M) (N) (O) (P) (Q)

b`xi `yB avi †Kgb ?

Kvkdz‡ji is Kx ?

KLb †kqv‡ji nuvK †kvbv hvq ?

Kxfv‡e †Q‡j‡g‡q gvQ a‡i ?

KLb b`x f‡i hvq ?

3. wVK kã ewm‡q Lvwj RvqMv cuiY Kwi (K) (L) (M) (N) (O)

kvwj‡Ki SuvK ÑÑÑÑ K‡i| e‡b e‡b c‡o hvq ÑÑÑÑ| cvi n‡q hvq ÑÑÑÑÑ | Kvkeb dz‡j dz‡j ÑÑÑÑ | evwj ÑÑÑÑÑ K‡i|

wPKwPK Miy wKwPwgwP mvov mv`v wSKwSK

4. c‡ii PiYwU ewj cvi n‡q hvq Miy, cvi nq Mvwo| ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ `yB K‚‡j e‡b e‡b c‡o hvq mvov, ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ 5. †h me kã `y evi i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv †R‡b wbB euv‡K euv‡K, dz‡j dz‡j, †_‡K †_‡K, Zx‡i Zx‡i, f‡iv f‡iv, e‡b e‡b| 6. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL

w`b mßvn gvm eQi Ic‡i Avgiv `ywU Qwe †`LwQ| evg w`‡Ki QwewU w`‡bi †ejvi| Wvb w`‡Ki QwewU iv‡Zi| m h© cye w`‡K I‡V Avi cwðg w`‡K Wy‡e hvq| m h© IVv †_‡K m h© †Wvev ch©š mgq‡K ejv nq w`b| m h© hLb I‡V, ZLb nq mKvj| m h© hLb gv_vi Ic‡i _v‡K, ZLb `ycyi| m h© cwðg w`‡K †M‡j weKvj nq| m h© hLb †Wv‡e, ZLb nq mܨv| iv‡Zi Qwe‡Z †`L‡Z cvw”Q Puv` D‡V‡Q| AvKv‡k A‡bK Zviv| m h© A¯Z hvevi ci †_‡K m h© IVv ch©š mgq nj ivZ| †gvU PweŸk NÈvq nq GK w`b GK ivZ| mnR K‡i ewj, PweŸk N›Uvq nq GK w`b| mvZ w`b Avi mvZ ivZ wg‡j nq GK mßvn| mnR K‡i Avgiv ewj, mvZ w`‡b GK mßvn| GB mvZwU w`‡bi mvZwU bvg i‡q‡Q| mßv‡ni cÖ_g w`‡bi bvg kwbevi| evwK Qq w`‡bi bvg iweevi, †mvgevi, g½jevi,

eyaevi, e„n¯cwZevi Avi ïµevi| ïµevi QywUi w`b| mviv eQi Av‡iv A‡bK QywUi w`b i‡q‡Q| †hgb c‡njv ˆekvL, GKz‡k †deªyqvwi, ¯^vaxbZv w`em (QvweŸ‡k gvP©), weRq w`em (†lvjB wW‡m¤^i)| K¨v‡jÛv‡ii w`‡K ZvKv‡j †`L‡e, eQ‡ii me QywUi w`b jvj Kvwj‡Z Qvcv n‡q‡Q|

1409 kwb iwe †mvg g½j eya 1 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29

e„n.

2 9 16 23 30

ïµ 3 10 17 24 31

c‡bi w`‡b nq GK c¶| wÎk w`‡b GK gvm| evi gv‡m nq GK eQi| evsjv m‡bi cÖ_g gvm ˆekvL| evwK gvm¸‡jvi bvg ˆR¨ô, Avlvp, kªveY, fv`ª, Avwk¦b, KvwZ©K, AMÖnvqY, †cŠl, gvN, dvêyb, ˆPÎ| cª‡Z¨K gvm wÎk w`‡b nq bv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gvm GKwÎk w`‡bI nq| Avevi †Kv‡bv mgq ewÎk w`‡bI GK gvm nq|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ Mwo A¯Z mܨv mßvn

Ñ Wy‡e hvIqv Ñ muvS Ñ mvZ w`b

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB mßvn Ñ ß wØZxq Ñ Ø m h© Ñ h© cwðg Ñ ð mܨv Ñ Ü PweŸk NÈv g½jevi

Ñ eŸ Ñ È Ñ ½

m h© cwðg w`‡K A¯Z hvq| mܨvi mgq evwZ R¡‡j| Avgv‡`i ¯‹zj GK mßvn QywU|

= c+Z = `+e-djv = †id ( ©)+h = k+P = b+a = e+e = Y+U = O+M

e„n¯cwZevi Ñ ¯c ïµevi Ñ µ

= m+c = K+i-djv ( ª)

c¶

= K+l

Ñ ¶

Myß, iß Øxc, Øvi Kvh©, avh© wbðq, cðvr AÜ, eÜb (- Ü = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq Ü) AveŸv, †gvieŸv eÈb, KÈK R½j,m½x (- ½ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq ½) ¯ck©, ¯có Pµ, eµ (- µ = Ab¨fv‡e †jLv nq µ) `¶, e¶

EbwÎk GKwÎk ˆPÎ ˆR¨ô kªveY fv`ª Avwk¦b KvwZ©K AMÖnvqY dvêyb 3.

Ñ

Î

= Z+i-djv ( ª)

QvÎx, ivwÎ

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

ô kª `ª k¦ Z© MÖ ê

= = = = = = =

Iô, Kvô †kªYx, kªeY f`ª, we‡`ªvn Ak¦, wek¦vm MZ©, kZ© MÖn, MÖvg eêv, dêy

l+V k+i-djv ( ª) `+i-djv ( ª) k+e-djv †id ( © )+Z M+i-djv ( ª) j+M

†R‡b ivwL mKvj †_‡K mܨv ch©š mgq mܨv †_‡K m h© IVv ch©š mgq m h© hLb I‡V ZLb m h© gv_vi Ic‡i _vK‡j m h© cwðg w`‡K †M‡j PweŸk NÈvq mvZ w`‡b c‡bi w`‡b wÎk w`‡b evi gv‡m

4.

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

w`b ivZ mKvj `ycyi weKvj GK w`b GK ivZ GK mßvn GK c¶ GK gvm GK eQi

mßv‡ni w`b¸‡jvi bvg ewj kwbevi, iweevi, †mvgevi, g½jevi, eyaevi, e„n¯cwZevi, ïµevi|

5.

evsjv m‡bi gvm¸‡jvi bvg ewj ˆekvL, ˆR¨ô, Avlvp, kªveY, fv`ª, Avwk¦b, KvwZ©K, AMÖnvqY, †cŠl, gvN, dvêyb, ˆPÎ

6. kub¨¯’vb cuiY Kwi PweŸk NÈvq nq mvZ w`‡b nq c‡bi w`‡b nq wÎk w`‡b nq evi gv‡m nq

ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ

7. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj I wjwL (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P)

m h© †Kvb w`‡K I‡V Avi †Kvb w`‡K A¯Z hvq ?

KLb `ycyi nq ?

Puv` I Zviv KLb †`Lv hvq ?

Kq w`‡b GK mßvn nq ?

KZ w`‡b GK c¶ ?

GK gv‡m KZ w`b ?

Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k ˆmq` kvgmyj nK m~h© IVvi c~e©‡`k evsjv‡`k| Avgvi wcÖq Avcb †`k evsjv‡`k| Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k| Kwei †`k ex‡ii †`k Avgvi †`k ¯^vaxb †`k evsjv‡`k| av‡bi †`k Mv‡bi †`k †Z‡ivkZ b`xi †`k evsjv‡`k|

Avgvi fvlv evsjv fvlv gv †kLv‡jb gvZ…fvlv wgwó †ek| g‡bi fvlv R‡bi fvlv GB fvlv‡Z fv‡jvevmv gv‡qi †`k| evsjv‡`k Avgv‡`i GB evsjv‡`k| [ms‡¶wcZ]

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB I bZzb evK¨ ˆZwi Kwi c~e©‡`k Ñ c~e© w`‡K Av‡Q Ggb †`k| wcÖq Ñ cQ›` Kiv nq Ggb| Avcb Ñ wbR| Kwe Ñ whwb KweZv †j‡Lb| exi Ñ ejevb I mvnmx| ¯^vaxb Ñ gy³|

c~e© †`‡k m~h© I‡V| GwU Avgvi wcÖq eB| Avgvi Avcb evwo‡Z _vwK| bRi“j Avgv‡`i RvZxq Kwe| G †`k ex‡ii †`k| Avgiv ¯^vaxb †`‡ki gvbyl|

2. hy³eY©My‡jv wP‡b wbB| m~h© c~e© wcÖq ¯^vaxb gvZ…fvlv wgwó

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

h© e© cÖ ¯^ Z… ó

= = = = = =

†id ( © ) + h †id ( © ) + e c + i-djv ( ª) m + e-djv Z + F-Kvi ( „) l+U

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi w`B (K) (L) (M) (N) (O)

m~h© IVvi c~e©‡`k †KvbwU? †Kvb †`k ex‡ii †`k? †Kvb †`k b`xi †`k? †K gvZ…fvlv †kLv‡jb?

Avgv‡`i gv‡qi †`k †KvbwU?

Kvh©, ˆah© Me©, me© cÖ_g, cÖPvi ¯^i, ¯^‡`k Z…Y, Z…òv Kó, †Póv

4. c‡ii jvBbwU ewj (K) Avgvq wcÖq Avcb †`k --------------------------------------(L) av‡bi †`k Mv‡bi †`k --------------------------------------(M) g‡bi fvlv R‡bi fvlv --------------------------------------5. KweZvwU mevB wg‡j cwo I wjwL Kwei cwiwPwZ ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki Rb¥ 27†k wW‡m¤^i 1935 wLªóv‡ã KzwoMÖv‡g| wZwb KweZv, Dcb¨vm, bvUK I cÖeÜ wj‡L L¨vwZ AR©b K‡i‡Qb| mvwnZ¨ mvabvi ¯^xK…wZ wn‡m‡e wZwb evsjv GKv‡Wgx cyi¯‹vi I GKz‡k c`Kmn eû cyi¯‹vi †c‡q‡Qb| wkï-wK‡kvi‡`i R‡b¨ Zuvi †jLv eB‡qi g‡a¨ D‡j L‡hvM¨ Ômxgv‡šZi wmsnvmbÕ, ÔAvby eo nqÕ, ÔnWm‡bi eÜyÕ BZ¨vw`|

evi gv‡m Qq FZz [ MÖx‡®§i QywU n‡q‡Q| `xcy, iwe, nvmy I mxgv Pvi fvB-†evb MÖv‡g Zv‡`i bvbvi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z G‡m‡Q| GK w`b weKv‡j evwoi D‡Vv‡bi GK †Kv‡Y Avg Mv‡Qi wb‡P mevB G‡m emj| ]

bvbvfvB

:

†Zvgiv MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z MÖv‡g †eov‡Z G‡mQ †`‡L Avwg Lye Lywk n‡qwQ|

`xcy

:

AvgivI Lye Lywk bvbvfvB|

iwe

:

mevB GLv‡b A‡bK gRv KiwQ|

bvbvfvB

:

†ek †ek| ej †Zv MÖx®§ Kv‡K e‡j ?

mxgv

:

Av¤§v e‡j‡Qb, Mªx®§ A_© Mi‡gi w`b|

bvbvfvB

:

†Zvgvi Av¤§v wVK e‡j‡Qb| G mg‡q fxlY Mig c‡o| Avevi †`L, KLbI e„wó nq, KLbI kxZ c‡o| evsjv‡`‡k `yB gvm ci ci cÖK…wZ e`‡j hvq| cÖwZ `yB gvm‡K Avgiv ewj FZz| ej †`wL, evi gv‡m Kq FZz ?

nvmy

:

Qq FZz bvbvfvB|

bvbvfvB

:

wVK e‡jQ| ˆekvL I ˆR¨ô gvm‡K Avgiv ewj MÖx®§Kvj| MÖx®§Kv‡j Mig c‡o| ZLb Mv‡Q A‡bK dj a‡i| Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj, wjPz, ZigyR, Avbvim, Av‡iv KZ Kx ! G mgq Kvj‰ekvLx So nq|

mxgv `xcy

: :

bvbvfvB

:

nvmy

:

wR¡ bvbvfvB| S‡oi w`‡b AvgKzov‡Z Kx gRv !

Avgiv KweZvqI c‡owQ Ñ S‡oi w`‡b gvgvi evwo Avg Kzov‡Z myL| MÖx®§Kv‡ji c‡iB Av‡m el©vKvj| Avlvp-kªveY `yB gvm el©vKvj| e„wó‡Z Lvj-wej, b`x-bvjv cvwb‡Z f‡i hvq| KL‡bv KL‡bv eb¨v nq| KweZvq Avgiv c‡owQÑe„wó c‡o Uvcyi Uzcyi, b‡`q Gj evb|

bvbvfvB `xcy bvbvfvB

: : :

nvmy

:

iwe bvbvfvB mxgv bvbvfvB

: : : :

G mgq K`g, †Kqv, MÜivR I †ewj dzj †dv‡U| el©vKv‡ji ci †Kvb FZz Av‡m bvbvfvB ? el©vi c‡i Av‡m kirKvj| fv`ª-Avwk¦b `yB gvm kirKvj| GB mgq bxj AvKv‡k mv`v †gN †f‡m †eovq| G mg‡q wkDwj dzj †dv‡U| Lv‡j-we‡j †dv‡U kvcjv dzj| b`xZxi f‡i hvq mv`v Kvk dz‡j|

KweZvq c‡owQ Ñ GK av‡i Kvkeb dz‡j dz‡j mv`v| G mgq Zvj cv‡K| Zv‡ji wcVv †Zvgiv LvIwb ? nu¨v †L‡qwQ ! Zv‡ji wcVv Lye gRvi| KvwZ©K I AMÖnvqY `yB gvm †ngš Kvj| GB FZz‡Z Pvwl‡`i A‡bK Avb›`| gv‡V gv‡V †`Lv hvq †mvbvwj avb| ZLb N‡i N‡i bev‡bœi Drme|

`xcy bvbvfvB

: :

nvmy bvbvfvB

: :

mxgv bvbvfvB

: :

bevbœ Kx ? bevbœ gv‡b bZzb dmj N‡i †Zvjvi Drme| G mgq evwoi gwnjviv bZzb Pvj w`‡q cv‡qm wdiwb iuv‡ab| Gic‡ii `y gv‡mi bvg Kx ? c‡ii `yB gvm †cŠl I gvN| GB `yB gvm wb‡q kxZKvj| kxZKv‡j A‡bK Mv‡Qi cvZv S‡i hvq| †LRy‡ii ¸o I i‡mi wcVv ˆZwi nq|

kxZKv‡j †Kv‡bv dzj †dv‡U bv ? †dv‡U| Muv`v I m h©gyLx| kx‡Zi dj Kgjv‡jey| G mgq bvbv iKg ZwiZiKvwiI cvIqv hvq|

bvbvfvB

:

eQ‡ii †kl `yB gvm dvêyb I ˆPÎ| GB `yB gvm wb‡q emš Kvj| emš Kvj‡K FZzivR ejv nq| G mgq Mv‡Q Mv‡Q bZzb cvZv †`Lv hvq| Pviw`‡K †dv‡U n‡iK iK‡gi dzj| Av‡gi Wv‡j bZzb gyKz‡j †gŠgvwQ ¸b¸b K‡i| †KvwKj wgwó my‡i Mvb K‡i|

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB cÖK…wZ FZz

Ñ evB‡ii RMr Ñ eQ‡ii wewfbœ mg‡qi fvM| Kvj‰ekvLx Ñ ˆekv‡Li So

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖK…wZ Lye my›`i| evsjv‡`k Qq FZzi †`k|

Drme

Ñ Avb›` Abyôvb

cv‡qm

Ñ Pvj, `ya I wPwb mn‡hv‡M ˆZwi wgóvbœ Ñ bvbv, eû Ñ Kzuwo, gDj Ñ †mŠ›`h© †`q|

wµ‡KU †Ljvq Rqx n‡q Zviv Drme Ki‡Q| gv cv‡qm †iu‡a‡Qb|

n‡iK gyKj iƒc

Kvj‰ekvLx‡Z Nievwo c‡o †M‡Q|

evev n‡iK iKg †Ljbv G‡b‡Qb| Avg Mv‡Q gyKzj †`Lv hv‡”Q| cÖK…wZi bvbv iƒc Avgv‡`i Avb›`

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB A_© cÖK…wZ ˆR¨ô el©vKvj kªveY eb¨v fv`ª Avwk¦b KvwZ©K AMÖnvqY †ngš Kvj bevbœ ˆPÎ dvêyb

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

_© K… ô l© kª b¨ `ª k¦ Z© MÖ š bœ Î ê

= = = = = = = = = = = = = =

†id ( © )+_ K+F-Kvi ( „) l+V †id ( © )+l k+i-djv ( ª) b+h-djv ( ¨ ) `+i-djv ( ª) k+e-djv †id ( © )+Z M+i-djv ( ª) b+Z `š , kvš b+b Z+i-djv ( ª) j+M

3. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj (K) bvbvi evwo‡Z Kviv †eov‡Z wM‡q‡Q ?

(L) cÖwZ `yB gvm‡K Kx ejv nq ?

(M) evi gv‡m Kq FZz ?

(N) KLb †ewk Mig c‡o ?

(O) KLb b`x‡Z evb nq ?

(P) bxj AvKv‡k mv`v †gN KLb †`Lv hvq ?

(Q) bevbœ Kx ?

(R) bev‡bœ gwnjviv Kx K‡ib ?

(S) KLb Mv‡Qi cvZv S‡i hvq ?

(T) †KvwKj wgwó my‡i Mvb Mvq KLb ?

e¨_©, mv_©K AvK…wZ, K…wZ Iô, Kvô el©Y, nl© wekªvg, kªeY eb¨, ˆmb¨ ¶z`ª, f`ª Ak¦, wek¦ KZ©v, MZ© MÖnY, MÖvg emš Kvj Abœ, wfbœ QvÎ, wgÎ eêv, dêy

4. GKwU FZz I gv‡mi bvg †`Iqv Av‡Q| Ab¨¸‡jvi bvg ci ci ewj I wjwL (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P)

ˆekvL ˆR¨ô `yB gvm MÖx®§Kvj| ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ

5. †KvbUvi m‡½ †KvbUvi wgj Zv wVK Kwi (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P)

kirKv‡j el©vKv‡j †ngš Kv‡j emš Kv‡j kxZKv‡j MÖx®§Kv‡j

Kvj‰ekvLx So nq A‡bK Mv‡Qi cvZv S‡i hvq b`xbvjv cvwb‡Z f‡i hvq bevbœDrme nq †KvwKj Wv‡K Zvj cv‡K KvK Wv‡K

6. el©vKvj I kirKv‡ji dzj¸‡jvi bvg †ei Kwi wkDwj, K`g, †Kqv, Kvk, MÜivR, †ewj

MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡i dRjyi ingvb SuvS gvLv nvIqv G‡m Wv‡j †`q Svc&Uv ! cvZv b‡o dzj c‡o evc‡i wK `vc&Uv !

Nvg S‡i `i`i MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡i| Lvj wej †PŠwPi, Rj †bB cyKz‡i| gv‡V Nv‡U †jvK †bB, Luv Luv K‡i †ivÏyi ! wccvmvq cw_‡Ki QvwZ Kuv‡c `yÏyi| †iv` †hb bq, ïay MbM‡b dzj&wK| Av¸‡bi †Nvov †hb Qy‡U P‡j `yj&wK|

wej av‡i wPj e‡mÕ Nb Nb Wv‡K †i| gvwS e‡m Xyj Lvq †LqvNvU euv‡K †i !

cvV wkwL 1. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB `i`i †PŠwPi Luv Luv †ivÏyi QvwZ MbM‡b dzj&wK `yj&wK SuvS Svc&Uv Xyj Lvq †LqvNvU euv‡K

Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ

Mwo‡q cov, Aweivg cov Pvi fvM, †d‡U UzK‡iv UzK‡iv fxlY Kov †iv` eyK Lye R¡jš wQU‡K cov Av¸‡bi KYv ev Lye †QvU Ask †Nvovi ax‡i Pjvi fw½ AvuP, †ZR av°v Ny‡gi †Nv‡i gv_v †`vjvq b`xi †h RvqMv n‡Z †bŠKvq cvivcvi Kiv nq b`xi †gv‡o

2. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB MÖx®§ †ivÏyi

Ñ ®§ Ñ Ï

3. hwZwPý wP‡b wbB , = Kgv | = `uvwo ! = we¯§q wPý

= l+g = `+`

D®§ LÏi, †PŠÏ

Lvj, wej, cyKz‡i gvQ †bB| we‡ji av‡i wPj e‡m Av‡Q| Kx my›`i Avgv‡`i †`k !

4. wVK kã †e‡Q Lvwj RvqMvq emvB K. Nvg S‡i ---------SiSi/ `i`i L. ------------- †PŠwPi b`xbvjv / Lvjwej M. -------- K‡i †ivÏyi Luv Luv / Suv Suv N. SuvS gvLv ----- G‡m Wvj/nvIqv O. ------- e‡m Xyj Lvq wPj/gvwS 5. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj (K) †Kvb FZz‡Z `i`i K‡i Nvg S‡i ?

(L) MÖx‡®§i `ycy‡i Lvjwej †Kgb _v‡K ?

(M) gv‡V-Nv‡U †Kb †jvK _v‡K bv ?

(N) MÖx‡®§i †iv` †Kgb ?

(O) we‡ji av‡i e‡m wPj Kx K‡i ?

(P) gvwS †Kv_vq e‡m Xyj Lvq ?

6. kã w`‡q evK¨ Mwo `i`i Ñ Mi‡g †Q‡j‡g‡qiv `i`i K‡i Nvg‡Q| †PŠwPi Ñ cÖPÊ Mi‡g dm‡ji gvV †d‡U †PŠwPi| †ivÏyi Ñ MÖx‡®§i †ivÏyi †eRvq Kov| MbMb Ñ `ycy‡ii m h©Uv †hb MbMb Ki‡Q| `yj&wK Ñ `yj&wK Pv‡j †Nvov P‡j| Svc&Uv Ñ evZv‡mi Svc&Uv Mv‡q jvM‡Q| †LqvNvU Ñ †LqvNv‡U mvwi mvwi †bŠKv euvav _v‡K| euv‡K Ñ b`xi euv‡K euv‡K wWwO †bŠKv P‡j| 7. KweZvwU Ave„wË Kwi I wjwL

exi‡kªô bui †gvnv¤§` †kL 1971 mvj| e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi WvK w`‡jb| ïi“ nj gyw³hy×| †mB hy‡× †hvMw`‡jb K…lK, kªwgK, QvÎ, RbZv| Ggwb GKRb gyw³‡hv×v b i †gvnv¤§` †kL| hy‡× wZwb knx` nb| b i †gvnv¤§` †k‡Li Rb¥ nq bovBj †Rjvi gwnl‡Lvjv MÖv‡g| Zuvi wcZvi bvg †gvnv¤§` AvgvbZ †kL| gv‡qi bvg †RbœvZz‡bœmv| b i †gvnv¤§` †kL MÖv‡gi ¯‹z‡j †jLvcov K‡ib| Zvici wZwb ˆmwbK nb| wZwb †`k‡K Lye fv‡jvevm‡Zb|

GKvˇii †m‡Þ¤^i gvm| h‡kvi †Rjvi †MvqvjnvwU MÖv‡g hy× n‡”Q| GKw`‡K cvwK¯Zvwb ˆmb¨`j, Ab¨w`‡K b i †gvnv¤§` I Zuvi m½xiv| bƒi †gvnv¤§‡`i m½x Pvi Rb gyw³‡hv×v| GK R‡bi bvg bvbœ~ wgqv| GK mgq GKUv ¸wj bvbœ~ wgqvi ey‡K jvMj| bvbœ~ wgqv AvnZ n‡jb| bƒi †gvnv¤§` hy× Ki‡Z jvM‡jb|

nVvr Kvgv‡bi GKUv †Mvjv bƒi †gvnv¤§‡`i Kuv‡a G‡m jvMj| bƒi †gvnv¤§` c‡o †M‡jb| Zuvi kixi †_‡K i³ SiwQj| Zey wZwb _vg‡jb bv| m½x‡`i ej‡jb, †Zvgiv bvbœ~ wgqv‡K wb‡q m‡i hvI| m½xiv bƒi †gvnv¤§`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z PvB‡jb| wKš‘ bƒi †gvnv¤§` †M‡jb bv, GKvB hy× Ki‡jb| eû kÎy‰mb¨ LZg Ki‡jb| hy× Ki‡Z Ki‡Z kÎyi ¸wj‡Z wZwb gviv †M‡jb| wZwb knx` n‡jb, wKš‘ Zuvi m½xiv †eu‡P †Mj| jvL jvL cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nj| exi gyw³‡hv×viv

m¤§vb †c‡jb| Zuv‡`i †`Iqv nj bvbv †LZve| †KD n‡jb exicÖZxK, †KD exi-weµg, †KD exi-DËg, †KD exi‡kªô| gyw³‡hv×v bƒi †gvnv¤§` GKRb mvnmx exi| exi‡`i g‡a¨ †miv| †mRb¨ wZwb exi‡kªô| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ exi‡kªô b i †gvnv¤§` jovB K‡i‡Qb| wZwb wb‡Ri K_v fv‡ebwb| †`‡ki K_v †f‡e‡Qb| †`k‡K fv‡jvevmv me‡P‡q eo KvR| †mB KvRB wZwb Rxeb w`‡q K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv ¯^vaxbZv jvf K‡iwQ| exi‡kªô b i †gvnv¤§` †kL Avgv‡`i Me©| Avgiv Zuv‡K fv‡jvevwm, kª×v Kwi|

cvV wkwL 1. gy‡L gy‡L DËi ewj (K) †K ¯^vaxbZvi WvK †`b ?

(L) evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× KLb ïiy nq ?

(M) bƒi †gvnv¤§` †Kv_vq hy× K‡iwQ‡jb ?

(N) wZwb Kxfv‡e knx` n‡jb ?

(O) gyw³‡hv×viv KLb †LZve †c‡jb ?

(P) bƒi †gvnv¤§` †kL‡K †Kb exi‡kªô ejv nq ?

2. k㸇jv †R‡b wbB| bZzb evK¨ Mwo †kªô Ñ mevi †miv weL¨vZ Ñ bvgKiv gyw³‡hv×v Ñ †`k‡K ¯^vaxb Ki‡Z whwb hy× K‡ib ¯^vaxb Ñ A‡b¨i Aaxb bq knx` Ñ b¨vq I m‡Z¨i Rb¨ hvuiv Rxeb †`b m¤§vb Ñ gh©v`v Me© Ñ †MŠie

ingvb †kªô dzUej †L‡jvqvo| wZwb GK Rb weL¨vZ †jvK| Avgvi evev GKRb gyw³‡hv×v| evsjv‡`k GKwU ¯^vaxb †`k| ¯^vaxbZvhy‡× wZwb knx` nb| †`‡ki m¤§vb Avgiv ivLe| evsjv‡`k Avgvi Me©|

3. hy³eY©¸‡jv wP‡b wbB exi‡kªô Ñ Ñ weL¨vZ Ñ gyw³‡hv×v DËg Ñ †m‡Þ¤^i Ñ Ñ gvP© Ñ bvbœ~ Ñ weµg Ñ Me© Ñ

kª ô L¨ Ñ Ë Þ ¤^ P© bœ µ e©

= k+i-djv ( ª) = l+ V = L+h-djv (¨) × = Z+Z = c+U = g+e = †id ( ©)+P = b+b = K+i-djv ( ª) = †id ( ©)+e

kªeY, kªveY Kwbô, †R¨ô L¨vcv, msL¨v = `+a hy×, ï× DËi, mËi †PÞv, †jÞv j¤^v, b¤^i PvP©, UP© Abœ, Kvbœv µq, µg `ye©j, `ƒe©v

4. wecixZ k㸇jv †R‡b wbB Rb¥ hy× ¯^vaxb

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g„Zz¨ kvwš civaxb

5. Av‡iv `yB Rb exi‡kª‡ôi bvg wjwL exi‡kªô gwZDi ingvb exi‡kªô gyÝx Ave`yi iDd

m¤§vb mvnmx weL¨vZ

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Am¤§vb fxiy AL¨vZ