DROSSCAPE AS RAW MATERIAL FOR THE MEMORY IMPLEMENTATION OF ENCI QUARRY by MURAT TÜRETMİŞ

Drosscape As Raw Material For The Memory Implementation Of ENCI Quarry ENCI Quarry Transformation Process

Professor: Matteo Umberto Poli Students: Murat Turetmis - Qiongchun Xu

Politecnico Di Milano

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our supervisor Poli Matteo Umberto, for his instructive advice and useful suggestions on the project during this special period. We are deeply grateful of his help in the completion of this project. We are grateful to all of those people who offer great help during the project researching period. Especially we would like to thank our friends Eda Kale, Eleonora Vaccari, Derya Yaman, Yagmur Surmeli, Caner Cahit Unver, Tingze Zhang, without all of you, we couldn't overcome the most difficult time. We would finally like to thank our beloved families, whose love and guidance are always with us in whatever we pursue.

1 INDEX

4 7

Introduction

Concept

Landscape Approach

Location Historical Aspects Regional Networks

Disorder Re- Semble Masterplan

Vegetation Patterm Landscape Evolution Evolution Phases

5 8

Geological Aspects

Material Distribution Geological Section Water Pattern Life in the Quarry

Strategy

City Expansion New Connection Experimental Pathway

ENCI Public Plaza

Modeling Process

Concept & Ideas Plan Sections

Models as a tool for understanding the space

Memorial Museum

Concept & Ideas Design with Clifts The Plan Visulization

The ENCI quarry is a limestone quarry on the Maas side of St. Pietersberg in the Dutch municipality of Maastricht. In 2009 ENCI developed a Plan of transformation for the future of ENCI area that focuses on destination and layout of site, transition zones and future business area. ENCI Quarry is just 3KM far away from the historical center. The new intervention would provide new connection between each other. Urban daily life has been expanding from the city center to the ENCI Quarry since many of the cultural and historical heritage sites are in the surrounding area. There has been increasing interest in the tourist development of ENCI industrial sites, particularly those associated with mining. The combination of all is an important precedent for ENCI Quarry regional community. New order should be arranged for the ENCI Quarry when comes with the new architectural intervention. Three main architecture volumes would be built mainly in the transition zone, at the same time extending to the central lake. The new system contains the main ENCI Public Plaza, the Memorial Museum of the Quarry, and the Water Pavilion. It works not only as a transition area for bringing people from the post-industrial area to the quarry in a more interesting way, but also creating different kind of experiences through the whole journey. The landscape evolution will be held in the ENCI Quarry for years even after the basic architecture volume has been set up. In the long term, the regeneration of the ENCI Quarry could be a long and continuing design process. After good management of the landscape development over the whole ENCI Quarry, years by years landscape evolution process, ENCI Quarry in Maastricht would finally get its new identity in the whole region.

Introduction Location Historical Expansion Regional Networks

Over the past decades numerous proposals have been made for the future of the ENCI quarry after the quenching of the marl for decades ďź&#x152; now it is time to finally get these plans to fruition.

1.1 Location 3KM far away from the city center

Location: Netherlands, Maastricht Site: Mount Saint Peter Elevation: 171m (561 ft) Geologic Layers: Loess, Gravel, Quartz sand chalky limestone, Flint Cement Industry: ENCI Ecology: Aceras anthropophorum, Ophrys apifera, Ophrys in Mount Saint Peter is a remarkable place due to limestone composition.

The ENCI quarry is a limestone quarry on the Maas side of St. Pietersberg (part of the Caestert Plateau) in the Dutch municipality of Maastricht. Excavation of limestone ("marl") began here in 1926 with the establishment of the Eerste Nederlandse Cement Industrie (First Dutch Cement Industry; ENCI). Limestone is an important raw material for cement production.Already in early days underground limestone mining took place in this area in so-called "marl quarries". Many Maastricht churches and other buildings have been built with "marl" from the SintPietersberg. As a result of the large-scale excavation of chalk in the 20th century, a large part (90%) of the 150-hectare underground tunnel system has disappeared.

Urban Pattern 1960 Urban Pattern 1975 Urban Pattern 1980 Urban Pattern 1992 Urban Pattern 2016

URBAN PATTERN CHANGED BY TIME

1.2

Historical Expansion Geological Changes Caused by Historical Expansion

ENCI Maastricht Quarry was founded in 1926 and is located along the river Maas. The factory area is 33 hectares and the quarry covers about 135 hectares which includes a quarry, cement processing industry, a shipping department and a quay. Over the years the factory site and quarry have expanded exceedingly. The ENCI got its permit to dig for another 60 years in 1948, when the boundaries of the quarrying area were defined. Although the province only did so with difficulty, they gave permission to break through the leave strips besides the river, so the quarry would not be covered up anymore. They allowed the expansion and the ENCI opened a competition among several Dutch architects to decide which agency would get the honor to design the new factory site. The heart of the southern expansion was the 120 m long furnace with a capacity of 250.000 ton per year. This was just as much as furnace one to four altogether could produce. This furnace was placed in a new furnace hall, with at the end a chimney of 110 m tall. On the first of July the furnace was lighted, while on the 14th of September 1951 the southern expansion was officially opened during the celebrations for ENCI' s 25th anniversary. In 1954 the plans for the second half of this expansion were ready. Again, the most important expansions would be a new furnace plus chimney. This was furnace numbwer six. In 1960 the office building and laboratories were renewed and another furnace was established. In 1967, the eight and biggest furnace would arrive at the site, which would remain in open air. From then onwards, several requests for the expansion of the quarry have been drawn, but the size of the factory itself stayed almost the same. There have been expansions of the already existing buildings and installations, but hardly any new buildings appeared. In 1993 ,Cimenteries et Briqueteries RĂŠunies (CBR) was taken over by the multinational company HeidelbergCement In 2009 ENCI developed a Plan of transformation for the future of ENCI area that focuses on destination and layout of site, transition zones and future business area. That is why in 2010, ENCI has agreed with the government to end the commercial recovery of limestone by July 2018. The vowel production will stop by July 2019. HISTORICAL EXPANSION BY TIME

1.3

The disappearance of the industrial development has very positive effects for the local biodiversity but negative for the regional economy. As a result of the European rule, development plans are being set up to counter shrinkage. Although this difference occurs in several provincial patches, Zuld-Limburg with these industrial landscapes such as the ENCI quarry is a true asset. Tourism, nature and business can benefit from each other and thus create a local and regal level. The importance of good development is therefore not only a matter for Maastricht, but also for the entire EU region. The open

Regional Networks Connection with all adjacent cities

URBAN PATTERN

transformative process that is being put into action is the possible hero to join existing regional plans and thus contribute to a sustainable living environment. At this moment, the ENCI area here is not nature development in terms of the development of nature among the tripol, Aachen, LiĂ¨ge,Maastricht, a large one among three countries to match. The ENCI area is located directly in this one could benefit the landscape where connect all adjacent cities.

WATER CONNECTION

ECOLOGICAL CONNECTION

ROAD CONNECTION

INHABITANT CONNECTION

Greenery Pattern Water Pattern Urban Pattern

OVERLAPPING CITY PATTERNS 1:50000

Geological Aspects Material Distribution Geological Section Water Pattern Life in the Quarry

The St. Pietersberg has been a source of raw materials for thousands of years by the brutality of this layer of earth as building material,and it also produced enormous knowledge about the geological histories of the earth.

2.1

Material Distribution

Tongeren Yellow Limestone Coals Gravel Boxtel White Limestone

2.2

Geological Section Geologic layers include loess, gravel, quartz sand and chalky limestone

At Mount Saint Peter the rivers Geer and Meuse have cut into the limestone plateau known in the east as the Herve plateau and in the west as Hesbaye. The succeeding geologic layers include loess, gravel, quartz sand and chalky limestone of the Maastricht Formation with inclusions of flint. The chalk deposits contain numerous fossils of sea urchins, clams and belemnites.Humans have used the site since the lower Paleolithic period. The area around Spiennes is known for its flint mines. Limestone has been quarried in the area for building stone and fertilizer for many centuries. Several of Maastricht's medieval churches were built from local stone, incorrectly referred to as mergel (marl).

The quarrying of limestone has created a vast network of subterranean corridors, also incorrectly referred to as grotten (caves). Although vast sections of these "caves" have now disappeared through surface mining, other sections are wellpreserved. Guided tours of these limestone quarries, some with ancient inscriptions, drawings and other works of art, constitute one of Maastricht's main tourist attractions. In modern times limestone from Mount Saint Peter continues to be quarried in surface mines, mainly for portland cement production. Abandoned quarries in the Belgian part of the hill are used to dispose of ashes from municipal waste incinerato rs.

B A

SECTION A-A

SECTION B-B

2.3 Water Pattern

Groundwater flow in the Limestone and water level changed because of weather

Groundwater flow in the Limestone is mostly through a network of underground conduits or caves. When quarries intercept these flow systems, firstly water can flood workings and alternatively be diverted by pumping, and in the process cut off the original flow, causing springs to diminish or dry up. As the springs themselves are often used for public water supply, this too can be interrupted. Thirdly, quarrying

can cause fissures to become blocked e.g. by blasting vibration dislodging the rocks beyond the quarry void itself or by generating fine material which can be washed into fissures. In addition, the limestone has a significant water storage capacity, both above and below the water table. By removing the rock, quarrying can reduce the storage available in the aquifer.

Over the past decades the central lake of the quarry has been changed not only the portion but also the shape regarding to the excavation process and the weather condition. The rain fall gives the central lake the dynamic aspect during different season. The underground water provided a different feeling while reflecting the quarry, gives the ENCI quarry more breath and soft identity during the summer time.

2.4 Life In the Quarry

Working Daily Living Gardening Art Creation

Bran: Joan-Baptiate Geneviere Maroellin Bory de Saint-Vincent. 1778-1846

Strategy City Expansion New Connection Experimental Pathway

Adjoining the ENCI which is one of these character-like quarry in South Limburg and is about to transform the place where business parks and natures within a large roar by visitors and from this Maastricht may possibly won.

3.1

City Expansion

New municipal facilities outside the historical city centre

"Life in Maastricht largely takes place outdoors. This is particularly evident in the traditional celebration of carnival," says Jake Wiersma, urban planner at the municipality of Maastricht where one of his main concerns is the quality of public space. Placemaking is a new term for something that has occupied a central position in Maastricht’s urban development policy for years. Traffic structure is a crucial element because in placemaking everything revolves around places and flows. There are now great opportunities for putting this policy into practice, since Maastricht’s infrastructure is undergoing a thorough revision. Around the year 2000, the motorway running along the Maas River was tunnelled to make room for a boulevard, in order to revive the relationship between city and river. The A2 motorway was recently tunnelled as well, which freed up a sizeable strip of land above ground. By moving the Noorderbrug trajectory slightly northwards, the inner city is once again connected to its surroundings. This has also created a substantial low-traffic area, which is an important precondition in placemaking. All of this dovetails with Maastricht’s plan to create better public spaces. Maastricht is the second-most visited city in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam, and just like the capital the municipality of Maastricht wants to prevent its historical centre from becoming totally congested. New forms of placemaking, also extending beyond today’s city centre, will have to help achieve this objective. A "Green Carpet" has been planned: a broad, tree-lined avenue surrounded by buildings, with a lot of green and a generous path for cyclists and pedestrians. The buildings will consist of stately homes to create a residential lane with allure. The area will have limited traffic rather than being traffic free. That’s not really necessary. With a density of 15,000 motor vehicles a day, it’s essential to install pedestrian signs, traffic lights and zebra crossings, but if the numbers are lower it should be possible to cross safely without these devices. By keeping traffic intensity beneath this ‘tipping point’ the municipality wants to create an entirely different perception and use of the street. All these points will be laid down in a design vision statement prepared by the developer and the municipal council. All of these projects will provide more room for new municipal facilities outside the historical city centre. For instance, the public library and the Bonnefanten Museum will be relocated to the Céramique district. But you can’t go on shuffing facilities around forever, Wiersma warns. "Removing shops from the inner city is usually not a good idea. A city has to cherish what it already has and expand where possible."

3.2

New Connection Connect the historical center with more public space

The aim of expansion should be to create a new urbanity outside the city centre, for example by providing space for start-up entrepreneurs. ‘The southern part of the province of Limburg,’ Wiersma says, ‘has to convey an urban feeling without the need to live in the busy inner city: relaxed green living with the inner city just around the corner. The districts around the inner city in particular have to offer better connections to the historical centre.’ ENCI Quarry is just 3KM far away from the historical centre. It takes only 15mins to reach the site by bike. From the geological aspect, the location of the ENCI Quarry is so closed to the city centre. The new intervention should provided new connection beteewn each other. Urban daily life has been expansion from the city center to the ENCI Quarry because lots of the cultural and historical heritage in the surrounding area. In the ENCI Quarry, many public areas have been gradually forgotten—no longer safe living spaces that move people. In order for transforming the area into the public space and create new connection, the new project for the quarry should be considered as systems of interdependent parts and complex connections, as interactive and social spaces. Acting as an urban garden for the citizens in the future, public spaces in the ENCI Quarry are often more than anonymous places that can be replaced with one another: the meetings and exchanges that occur here affect our relationships with each other, giving meaning to our communities and urban landscapes.Long-term planning as well as rapid and inexpensive transformation strategies can be powerful tools to encourage public participation and improve quality of life. The first step in making the post-industrial area and the quarry safer and more pleasant places for going is to get residents to view the new connection as public spaces.Creating more space and places for people to enjoy in the urban core would make for an area in which living, working, and visiting is pleasant instead of stressful and overcrowded. A sense of civic pride and ownership would be created. Playgrounds, parks, and community facilities could be provided in areas where it would be much too expensive to find traditional sites to build them. New tourism opportunities would bring in more revenue . Allowing new retail spaces in lobbies and passageways would create more business opportunities, particularly for small local businesses who may not be able to afford store fronts in the expensive thoroughfares of Maastricht.

3.3

Experimental Pathway System linking the quarry, transition zone and the postindustrial area

There were a total of five parties involved in creating the plan: ENCI, municipality of Maastricht, Province of Limburg, SPA (represents the public) and Natuurmonumenten (conservation organisation). The transformational plan contains the agreement between these five parties. ENCI is allowed quarry extraction until 2018 and chalk processing in the ovens until 2019. The plan further consists roughly of three parts: 1.Quarry: The quarry will be transformed in a nature a recreation area. Emphasis is laid on nature development and conservation. Hiking trails will be placed in the quarry without disturbing the surrounding nature. 2.Transition zone: The transition zone is the area located between the quarry and the industry. This place will offer great views over the quarry and will focus on recreation, catering, and creative industry. 3.Industry: Part of the industry will continue cement production after the quarry closes with limestone from Belgium. The remaining 22 ha will be rented to third party companies. Focus will be on innovative companies in the sectors building tech, materials and sustainable production. of follow-up steps and assignment formulation in the design and planning process. The Strategy of the design process is to create an experimental pathway which connect these three parts together, this pathway not only refers to the circulation combination between each characteristic part, but also create a journey for the visitor for better understanding the historial and geological influence overing the site. This experimental pathway is a system which containing the regeneration of the existing industrial heritage, cultural implementation of the history and the appreciation of the existing geological characters. Different kind of the experiemence and facilities would be provide to the visitors when they start their journy in the ENCI Quarry.

Concept Disorder Re-Semble Masterplan

There has been increasing interest in the tourist development of industrial sites, particularly those associated with the mining. The combination of all is an important precedent for ENCI Quarry regional community.

4.1 Disorder

Industrial heritage abstracted as spreading geometric sign

Industrial heritage can be instrumental in underpinning economic regeneration, bolstering confidence and re-establishing the reputation of an area. It can help promote and revive traditional skills, build public spirit and re-establish community values. More than any other part of the Culture portfolio, industrial heritage offers an opportunity to reverse this process whilst tapping into a forgotten resource and nurturing a version of our history that better reflects the immense contribution of working people. The implication is therefore that industrial heritage sites are most likely to represent opportunities for change, development, and interpretation. More are also likely to be under threat, beyond their numerical representation in terms of designated assets at national and local levels of importance, and of those in care. This means that many industrial heritage projects require a high degree of co-operation with external stakeholders. Conservation work is therefore more likely to engage with and support partnerships within the most disadvantaged communities. Re-use of the embodied energy contained in existing buildings, and in particular heavily-constructed industrial structures, also helps to mitigate against climate change. Industrial Heritage has, in addition, begun to make a substantial contribution to tourism. Instead of focusing the heavily- constructed industrial structure which keep the characters of huge and retangular volume, some addictional faclity for industrial production could be interesting for regeneration for new function and create public space with new identity. In the ENCI Quarry case, there are lots of industrial building volume which could be abstracted as spreading geometric sign in the area and gives new inspiration for the project. As the main building for production would be transform into creative industrial or commercial building, these seperated faclities could be worked with the landscape to create more pleasant feeling for the ENCI Quarry. These spreading geometric sign has different potential regarding to its own previous function and shape. Some volume like the dome is used as a storage to store excavated material, since the volume is huge enough, in the future, it could be transformed into indoor market or mutifunctional space for city use. In this case, ENCI Quarry in the future, could host more event for the city and create more extra functionality for the unknown activities.

TRANSITION ZONE is about connections, participation and visibility. It is a project involving art, heritage and research, and the presentation of the artists’ results in situ, in the ENCI area itself. The whole area, including the first Dutch cement factory, will transform into industrial heritage, natural landscape and a wellness center the coming years. This specific location is one in which various experienced notions of place are making particular changes possible. The interesting fact is that in this transition area all kinds of new places and possibilities are created. All these places are staffed by various parties or stakeholders, who all have their own interest in the (re)allocation and rearrangement of the ENCI quarry, scheduled to be completed provisionally by 2019. The different stakeholders – including Natuurmonumenten, ENCI employees, new companies, local residents, recreationists, as well as the Maastricht Natural History Museum – all provide their own perspective and create their own notion of place in this way. All these various qualities of the place are relevant for artistic research in situ. In our project the transition zone should keep the extention impression about the post-industrial area, it should represent the identety of the industrial area as well as the quarry itself. It may keep the same language of the geomatric industrial volume but providing different experiemence for the coming visitors. Public moments should be created in this area, and it is related to what kind of new places of meaning can be developed. In this way ‘transition zone’ means also a meeting place for the public and the artists. The questions, “How can art and heritage worlds learn from participatory practices and reflection in other domains ？ ” and “What are good practices for public participation ？ ” are key questions for our investigation. Until now the transformation process of the ENCI operates on an economic, administrative and technical level, but not from the point of view of the human being. And it is exactly this human level that the artists aim to make transparent through the project and the collaboration with their partners. The initial impressiom about the post-industrial area is that is an area contained strong geometry image which spreading with disorder. These geometry volume has its own order in the history because of specific production functions. As the whole area would be developed further into the creative industrial, these disorder volome should be broken and re-semble again for new functional use and identity.

4.2 Re-Semble

New order should be extablished to the new intervention

New order should be extablished into the ENCI Quarry when comes with the new architectural intervention. Three main architecture volume would be created mainly in the transition zone, at the same time extending to the central lake. The new system contains the main ENCI Public Plaza, the Memorial Musuem of the Quarry, and the Water Pavillion. It works not only as a transition area for bringing people from the postindustrial area to the quarry with a faster way, but also creating different kind of experienmence through the whole journey. The main ENCI Public Plaza works as an main trainsition for people coming from different direction, it is a welcoming place also providing an outdoor event place for the locals. From here visitor could get information about the whole quarry and decided to whether to go swimming area, the memorial museum, or the water pavilion etc. From the Public Plaza, visitor could following the curve quarry pathway to exploring more about the quarry culture in the Memorial Museum of the quarry. The project intents to keep the memory of the quarry and trying to better explaining the visitor more completely story about the quarry by providing interesting inside and outside journey from the visitors. The main museam architecture volume is slightly attached to the shape clifts and well design the experimental indoor space by respecting the existing quarry surface. After the journey inside the Memorial Museum, visitors can move ahead for the water pavillion to feel more about the natural quarry. Water pavillion in the main lake is working as an experimenting sculpture to sense the underground water.

The lanscape pattern inside the post-industrial area tries to break the existing strict order by introducing another axis. This inclined axis coordinates with the central existing main road, creating a green pattern for the first phase of the project. The new lanscape layer provides new connection among the existing building, and also slowing down people's pace by creating delightful greenery patter and landscape installations. Part of the previous hard solid concret ground and pathway would be broken down to create more recreation area, especially providing more commucational place for the people whorking in the building along the central road. The invisible axis would leading people unconsciously to the main ENCI Public Plaza and the Memorial Museum of Quarry.

4.3

Masterplan

ENCI Public Plaza Concept & Ideas Plan Sections

Exploring the urban design solutions of public hybrid spaces in contemporary cities, which are the outstanding e x a m p l e s o f expressive identity and fullfill the complexity of human activities and needs.

5.1 Concept & Ideas

Hybrid spaces characterized by various types of connections

Complexity of human activities and needs in contemporary cities is still increasing as well as demands to satisfy various necessities, obligations and desires. In ENCI Quarry, this process requires new special spaces, which should respect many types of activities combined in specific places. There is a need of design of multifunctional experimental public spaces and building in the transition zone. In the design process it is very important to integrate a vision and different disciplines in order to create a more integrated and comprehensive event structure than is possible with the mere sum of separate sites and separate buildings. ENCI Public Quarry is a hybrid space which characterized by various types of connections: a combination of different functions, real and virtual space, urban solutions with architectural solutions, and solutions in the field of landscape architecture and transport, connections of history and contemporaneity, connections of culture and nature. The main aim of creation of hybrid spaces for the ENCI Quarry is limiting of transport needs and improving environmental conditions by introduction of green environment (many types of green elements) in public spaces. There are many principles of shaping this public plaza, among the most important it is necessary to mention: creation of expressive identity, providing high quality and cohesion with the structure of the post-industrial area, providing flexibility of solutions and variety of functional programme, providing possibility of fixed and changeable activities, providing safety and accessibility, etc. The ENCI public square works as an urban garden courtyards, which is an industrial areas transformed into new cultural landscapes, cemeteries used as public gathering space, contemporary playgrounds developed with greenery, places of various events and activities with temporary installations or light structures. Working as a transition to this specific zone, the plaza also has the function to connect the memorial musuem of quarry, thus it transites the main flow from the ground floor to the underground. This level changes make the new intervention appears modest attitude regarding the post-industrial buildings. Soft building material is selected on the ground to let the plant easily grows in the building. after years development, the plaza would transforming to a urban garden that citizen could embracing the public space in nature.

1 Ordinary Plazza 2 Sport Playground 3 Open Market 4 Temperary Exhibition 5 Outdoor Exhibition 6 Outdoor Exhibition 7 Playground for Children 8 Festival Plaza 9 Festival Plaza 10 Concert / Lecture 11 Concert / Lecture 12 Enclosure Space

EVENTS AND ACTIVITYPATTERN IN THE PLAZA

5.2 Plan

5.3 Sections

Memorial Museum Concept & Ideas Design along the clifts The Plan Visualization

Memorial Museum of ENCI Quarry's task is to restore memory of the previous excavation process, also for educational purposes - are the place where processes that will soon become characteristic of the whole creation.

6.1 Concept & Ideas Introducing Quarry excavation memory into the Museum

Saint Peterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mount consists of limestone, which is called 'mergel' in Limburg. Because it is an excellent building material, miners started excavating the mountain some 1,000 years ago. Their work resulted in a unique tunnel system that is well over 80 km long. The caves are accessibly exclusively by guided tour. The Cave is highlights in the Maastricht city traveling and there are several tour daily routine to visiting the cave near the ENCI Quarry. The initial inspiration of Memorial Museum is coming from the suvey during the tour inside the cave. The tour will take you to a huge dome and the Gothic hallway. The caves were used as a refuge in wars and when Maastricht was under siege. There is vive life in the dark tunnels in places where people used to stay. The cave also served to keep Rembrandtâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s famous Night Watch painting safe during WWII. The caves have several entrances. The space inside the caves were shaped as different volume according to the specific function. Some carving space is without normal scale, with the height of 15 meters, some space is very tiny just for daily use. The design of the memorial museum got the inspiration from these different caving scale spaces, tryting to design the internal experiemental space into different scale of the space volume. Advantage in the cave journey should be consider well and at the same time, disadvantage of building the architectural volume inside the quarry should be avoind. Conditions such as low tempreture and disconnection with outdoor makes the visitors depressed and could not stay inside the quarry for so long. The evolution of the concept and design try to balance these condition when design the whole architectural volume. The project tries to keep the whole clift curface completed as this shap clift is shaped by history and geological factors, which would remind the memory of the ENCI Quarry. Small openning is appearing on the clifts to introduce exhibition space inside the quarry. The whole architectural volume is designed as half natural element and half artificial intervention. This half element composition is not only shown in the plan but also in the sections. New intervention part is cantileveled along the clifts and give visitor a morden space to breath and obvious feeling of inside and outside the quarry.

6.2

Design along the Clifts

Vertical Circulation There are three main vertical circulation in the whole memorial museum experimental system, which acts in more functional and tecnical way. Since the building itself has the linear shape of interior space, there are elevator and staircase on each edge side which easily leading people to the functional space. The bigger vertical circulation volume located in the center to connect people from the rooftop to the 30 meters down to reach the underground water well and go ahead to the water pavillion.

Horizontal Circulation Horizontal circulation refers to the experimental pathway inside the museum, function as a experimental journey to bring visitors to different level of the exhibition area. This horizontal circulation is also seperated into two pathway system. One is connecting the whole temperary and permentary exhibition area together, another one is mainly connect the conference and the quarry library volume near the curve corridor. These two experimental circulation is interconnected but also has the possibilities to seperate according to different activities and events held in side the quarry museum.

6.3 The Plan

6.4

Visulization

Landscape Approach Vegetation Pattern Landscape Evolution Evolution Phases

L a n d s c a p e processes are dynamic. Despite the underlying uncertainties in causes and effects, changes in landscape attributes would give the architecture dynamic identity.

7.1

Vegetation Pattern ENCI Quarry has rich local species selected for design process

Akkerdistel

Beemdkroon

Bergbasterd wederik

Breed fakkelgras

Duifkruid

Grote centaurie

EĂŠnbloemig parelgras

K l e i n e duizendknoop

Harige ratelaar

Kalketrip

Kuif Vleugeltje

Soldaatje

Bevernel

Hondsviooltje

Christoffelkruid

W i l d e kamperfoelie

Goudhaver

G o l d e n sleutebloem

Knolsteenbreek

Gevlekte orchis

Bergnachtorchis

Kleine steentijm

Zoete kers

Sleedoorn

R o d e ogentroost

Sleedoorn

G e l e zonneroosje

Tengere veldmuur

Muskuskruid

Bosanemoon

Braam

Rode kornoelje

Wilde cichorei

Tongvaren

G r o t e Leeuwenklauw

Grote tijm

Bolderik

Zomereik

Haagbeuk

Katwilg

Meidoorn

Hazelaar

Winterlinde

Vlier

Gele kornoelje

Gewone vlier

Tripmadam

7.2

Landscape Evolution ENCI Quarry is dynamicaly changed by landscape and time

The geological layers in the region relatively close to the surface lie in the last hundred years to a largescale industrial landscape in the form of several quarries and excavations. Due to the technical and societal developments of the last decades, many of these industries have become obsolete and have disappeared. What is behind is often a breathtaking man-made landscape that is characterized due to unstressed landforms on these rare surfaces. At the same time adjoining the ENCI is one of these character-like regulars in South Limburg and is about to transform the place where business parks and natures within a large roar by visitors and Maastricht may possibly won. A landscape evolution model is a physically based numerical model that simulates changing terrain over the course of time. This can be due to glacial erosion and deposition; erosion, sediment transport, and deposition in fluvial systems such as rivers; regolith production; the movement of material on hillslopes; more intermittent events such as rockfalls, debris flows, landslides, and other surface processes. This can also be due to surface uplift and/or subsidence. A typical landscape evolution model takes many of these factors into account. An important aspect is the ENCI quarry is subdivided from other excavations. In the region the dimension and locality at the level of a city, in this case Maastricht As a result, the party got significantly more attention than other mines and it also has many times more potential. The ENCI have to ensure in the coming year that the combination of ecology and economics is possible. If successful, the ENCI area and locale international labor market are important preconditions for the regional. The design process for the whole area is considered as a continuing dynamic changing process, by considering about all the dynamic aspects such as the vegetation, water elements, as well as the human intervention took place on the site. Landscape Evolution has been naturely taken place on the site by years of develepments. New landscape design process at the same time, should not only respect the existing changing process but also, trying to enhance the resilient changing process by selecting the specific species and vegetation on the site. After years and years developemnt in the site, the visitor can embrace and enjoy the different aspect of the quarry at different stage of the future development.

7.3 Evolution Phases

3 development phases would applied to the site to complete the evolution in long term

The new intervention system in the ENCI Quarry works as a system of landscape architecture evolves (and almost always improves) through time. Its landscape part over the industrial and quarry part are never complete. Or rather the finished landscape of today is not the finished landscape of many years from now. During the whole design process, there are already considerations exist in different development phases with deliberately predictions of how it will change. The landscape evolution will be held in the ENCI Quarry for years even after the basic architecture volume has been set up. After carefully selecting the right species pf plan for the site, the site would be taken over by natural processes and unplanned human impacts or by its caretakers, who, at least partially, become its new designers, typically with little direction from the original designer. In the long term, the regeneration of the ENCI Quarry could be a long and continuely design process. The need for designers’ involvement over time arises because ever-changing plants are the discipline’s primary medium, if not its soul. The growth of plants is not particularly easy to predict in detail. Plants may thrive or decline or die or, almost always, not grow just as you thought they would. Water, soil conditions, insects, surrounding plants, amounts of sunlight, weather, and a lot more affect them. An arrangement of plants that is great when they are small may be poor when they are large. Plants may need to be pruned, added, replaced, or removed. All signs point to the need for a major structural change in the practice of landscape architecture: Our role in projects should extend well beyond opening day and the last bits of construction. Exactly how long depends on many things.With longer project engagements would come additional responsibility. No more would it be only the contractor guaranteeing work for a year beyond project “completion.” After well management of the landscape development over the whole ENCI Quarry, years by years landscape evolution process, ENCI Quarry in Maastricht would finally got its new identy in the whole region.

Modeling Process Models as a tool for understanding the space

Making physical models about the site and architecture volume has been the most important approaches to better understand different layers on the site and test th e p os s ib lit ie s of the concept and design outcome.