O.S.J.J. Annual Report, 1876 by Museum of the Order of St John

ORDER OF

ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEJI IN

ENGLAN]). DE CRIPTIVE HISTORY OF :MEDALS AND GRANTS FOR SAVING LIFE ON LAND BY SPECIAL ACTS OF :BRAVERY.

LO~DON:

HARRISOI AND SONS, 45 & 46, ST. :MAHTI~' ''' L"\~E ,

1876.

ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM IN ENGLAND.

:lYlo t of the TIospitaller and charitable work, with similar undertaking" of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England during some years pa8t, have had their origin in suggestions contained in papers read by members or associates of the Ordor at the General Assembly on St. J oIm's Day, or at other meetings of the Order. Thus was the recently-established system of rewards for bravery in saving life on lallu first propoRed in a paper read by Sir Edmund Lechmere, Bart., in 1 69, at a meeting of the Hanley Oa tIe 0Yorcestershire) Oommandery of the Order, anrl submitted in 1870 to the Ohapter at St. John's Gate, Olerkenwell. After fir t enlarging upon the great boon to sn[[erol's from acciuents, which must be found in the establishment of an ambulance system in the mining and colliery districts, large towns, and the railway and otber establishments of our country, and reviewing the great advantages which must follow as a moans of diminishiug tho sufferillgs of injured per 'ons during their conveyance from the cene of accident, the writer sugge ted that "another u eful branch of sm:h a W01'k would be the recognition by the Order (in its capacity of a great 'Societe de BiellfG"isance,' and of aid to the sick and wounded) of thoso who had di:::;tinguished tuem, elves by acts of pel'sona1 bl'a,ery and humanity on occasions of accident and danger. This might be done oither by parchmellt testimonia.lg, or by medals of bronze, and occa ionally of silver. The Order of St. John would thus occupy tho same position in reference to accidents on land a, tho Royal TIumalle Society* doo ' to those on the sea and on our coasts." Tho want of some system of rewards for act of bravery upon land, and tho supplying; of this want, being apparently a work clO'Rely connected with the object.s of tho Order a expres~cd ill its morto-" Pro Utilitate TIominum "--steps woro at once taken to act upon the suggestion thus made, and to securo the best mean hy which it migllt be And also thc Royal National LiCe BOll! Institution ul1l1 thc Royal 'bipwl'cckcd Marincl's' Socief,' .

4 practically adopted. It was known that an honorary reward might be ol)tained for saving life from drowning, and for gallant services ill accidents by fire, but it appeared that whon ca ualties occur in om miniJJg and coniery districts, and men expose their lives to the greatest risk to l'eRCUe their feUow creatures, no recognition from any public body could be obtained, because it was not within the scope of any existing society t() reward such merit. And yet in Grea.t Britain alone about a thommllc1 colliers are killed every year by explosiollS and othor accidellts in coal, mines ill addition to those who lose their li,es in othor millillg operahons. This number would be greatly increased if it were ]lot for the hl'avery of tho e who, in almost every accident gallantly volunteer to l'i:"lk their own lives for the rescue of their unfOliunat<~ follow-workmen ill danger and distress. By this means many a valuable life has been :-;a,ed, still to support those who must otherwise, as wido\vs and [atllerles children, have been dependant upon parochial or other charity. It is well known however that Englishmen, as a rnle, do not act gallantly for the sake of reward, but in obedience to an instinct w hiGh seeks no return for a noble act beyond the conscientious feeling that they have done what is right and have performed their duty: still tlHlt these l)J'ave men should be unrecoglli. ed by any permanent mark of di tinction, which, with honourable pride, they may bequf>ath to their children and grandchildren, has not hitherto Leen creditable to the English nation; and from time to time the puLlic press has dra.wn attention to the subject, and urged the necessity for something being done to remedy the defect. The sugge tiOll of Sir Edmund Lechmere waf; I?lltertained by the Order of St. John, and as the result of its considen~; tion it was deciJed that a system of honorary rewards, by means of medals and certificates, should be established 011 a somewhat similar footing to those granted by the Royal IIumane Society; but as th e latter Society fully supplies the recognition fOT bravery shown on 'i\'ater, tbe Order of St. John, desirous not to encroacL. upon the work of any other puLlic body, has therefore decidpd to limit its re,v:1l'ds Rolely to acts of Lra,ery upon land (with the exception of rescue from fire, which is rewarded by the Ro:yal Society for the Protection of Life from Fire), especially those wllich are of so frequent occurrence in our mining and coUiery districts. At the Chapter of the Order held on the 15th of December, 187·1, Sir Edmund Lechmere very practically seconded his suggestion lJY offering to present to the Order of St. John the dies for a suitable medal, and the design 11a,iJlg Leen approved, the offer was gla.dly accepted; Me , 81'S . "''lyon, the well-known medallists?· being entl'Llste<.~ with the e'{ccuti.on of tIle work.

MEDAL OF THE ORDER OF ST. JOHN FOR

SAVING LIFE

LA D.

rrhe couditions upon which the l\Iedal' are granted are, t1a l application must be made on a pl'intell form. upplied for this purpose, 011 applicatiolL to the Secretary of the Order. upon which the following particular::> have to be entered :1. Name, Address, Age, and Occupation or po, i1.ion of "\pplicant. 2. N :1me, Addre s, Age, and Oucnpa,iioll of perFlon sayed, or eudea,oured to be saved. 3. Time of day, date, and place at whi('h 111(' accidenL occurred, with c'\.ucl partic1llars of how the arci(1<.'llt h:ll'pc. Hell, ~Illl in what mall il r lite p('r s oll \\':1~ rc::\cllecl.

6 4. The p1'ecise nature of the exertions used and of the danger known or risk incurred by the Applicant. 5. Who was sent for; who came; what was then done; and what kind of treatment was adopted? 6. Has any reward been received from any public or private source whatever? This Paper to be accompanied by Uertificates of one or more eyewitnesses, who should add their Profession or Trade, and Address after Signature, and state fully, in their own handwriting, the precise nature of the Claimant's exertions, showing the actual risk he thereby incurred. The Statement of the witnesses must be c01tnte1'signed by the nearest CleTgyman, 01' Magist1'ate, or Employer of witness. The Petition, with the above details, as nea?'ly as they can be procured, to be left at, or sent to the OHANCERY OF THE ORDER OF ST. J OIIN OF JERUSALEM, ST. JoHN's GATE, OLERKENWELL, LO~'1)oN, E.O., within; One Month fi'om the OCCU1'rence of the case. It is required that all the above questions should be answe1'ed as fully as possible. He must also forward the statement of one or more witnesses on Form No. 2 as below : -

I IIEREBY OERTIFY that the above-named Witness, _ _ _ _ __ has been known to me [or has been in my employ] years, and I have every reason to believe that his statement is correct, and that he is a credible and respectable person. _____________ Name in Full. _________________ P1'ofession or Trade. _ _~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ Address. Date,_ _ _ _ _ _ __ (Signed)

.A. copy of this paper, Form No.2, would be required for each Witness.

The first presentation of medals for bravery were awarded to two cclliers, named Elijah Hallam and Frederick Vickers, who on the 6th of September, 1875, at the imminent risk of their lives, saved six of their fellow workmen who were suspended in a broken cage half way down the shaft of a coal-pit. The following is the ac(;ount of the presentation, as it appeared in the Bi1'1ningham Daily Gazette of November 23rd:AN ORDER OF MERIT FOR OOLLIERS Al~D JHINERS.

FOR~I

No.2.

INl!TRUCTIONS TO W ITh"'ESS in the case of an Applicant for the REWARD OF THE ORDER OF ST. JODN, whuse Life was risked in rescuing or endeavouring to rescue _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ on the day of 187_. In the Space below, be good enough to state in your own handwriting the precise nature of the Applicant's exertions, showing the actual danger he thereby incurred. The Statement must be countersigned by either the nearest Olergyman, or Magistrate, or your "Employer. STATEMENT OF WITNESS.

(Signed)

JJat e

- -____ Name in Pull. - - - - ---'--------_P)'ofession 01' T rade", Addnss.

J:\. sub tantiaI acknowledgment of the bravery of Elija,h Hallam and Frederick Vickers, the rescuers of the survivors of the recent accident at tbe _Albert Oolliery, belonging to the Devonshire Silks tone Oolliery Oompany, has beeu made in the Girls' School-room, "\Vbittington Moor. It will be remembered that in September last, whilst hal£-a-dozen miners were descending the shaft of the Albert pit, the breaking of one of the guides caused the cages to meet in violent collision about midway down the shaft, killing one man and more or less injuring each of the others. The cage-ropes, becoming entangled, tbe men were kept suspended in the shaft, which also acted as chimney for the escape of the smoke from a cupola required for the ventilation of the mine, and had it not been for the timely assistance rendered by the men named, it is more than probable that most if not all the sufferers would have been suffocated. The testimonials consisted of a timepiece each from the owners of the colliery; a silver medal of the Order of St.•101m of Jerusalem; a piece of freehold land, containing 181 yards, as a site for a cottage, situate in St. J ohn's Road, Newbold, to IIallam, who was the first to volunteer to go down the sbaft; and a silver cup to Vickers. The Rev. R. K. BOLTO~, Vicar of Newbold, presided, alld there was a crowded attendance oJ the residents in the district. "

"i7..a_ Y~7 ~c:v...

;{fle;;

kf"~

8 The Rev. CH.A.IR~lAN, in introducing the subject of the meeting, spoke in most eulogistic terms of the heroic conduct of the men to whom they had met to do honour, and said he was glad to think that they were not the only two heroic men in the neighbourhood, but that there were two hundred or even two thousand others amongst their fellow-working men who would act in an equally brave manuer on any occasion which required them to do so-(applause). IIe then ilitroduced Sir EDMUND LECIDIERE, who said: I attend here this evening as secretary of the Knightly Order of St. John of Jerusalem in Englaud, and as the representative of the Lord Prior, the Duke of Manchester, and the Chapter, to accede to a request made by your Chairman alid those who have promoted this interesting demonstration, that I would personally present to the brave men in whose honour we have met, the medals which have been awarded to them by the Order of St. John -(applause). Under ordinary circumstances the medals and the accompanying testimonials recording the circumstances of their award would have been transmitted to the recipients through the PORt, but this being only the second instance in which the recently-issued medals of the Order have been awarded, and taking into consideration the alillm~t unprecedented character of the exertions made to save life, and the number of persons rescued from certain death, it has been deemed a case in which the usual routine might be departed from, and I need hardly say with what pleasure I have come here to perform the agreeable duty which has devolved upon me-(applause). The Order of St. John has for some time past recognised the need of some honorary di tinction for rewarding acts of bravery in saving life on land, with an especial view to accidents in mines and collieries. The Royal IIuma11e Society and the National Lifeboat Institution have provided medals for those who have saved life at the risk of their own on water, and the Royal Society for the Preservation of Life from Fire has done the same :1S regards those who have similarly distinguished themselves at fires; uut nothing had been done to secure the recognition of such acts of heroism as t.hose which we have met to-night to commemorate :1nd to reward, until it occurred to us that we might, with the aid of the public, and the co-operation of the owners of mines and collieries, supply a want which has been so long felt-(hear, hear). After conferrillg with gentlemen possessed of much experience in all connected with the mining and colliery population-amongst them the Earl of Dudley and Mr. Rupert Kettle, whose name is, no doubt, familiar to all present-we decided upon issuing medals of silver and bronze, the conclitiUl1S attachetl to which are similar to those of tbe institutions which

I have n:1med. There appe;~red to be a certain degree of appropriateneBE; in the legal representati",es of the Engli h branch of the timehonoured and chivalrous Order of St. John being the promoters of such an ouject. We had, too, already been either individually or collectively associated with the iniation of those great national organisations -the Lifeboat Institution and the Society of Aid to Sick and Wounded in ,Var-and we thought tbat even in these utilitarian days the connection, however indirect, with a body which had done so much in the cause of humanity in the past, and which even ill its comparatively little known modern existence has earned some claims upon the present generation, would give an additional interest to the rewards which we proposed to stablish-(applause). And who shall say that, even if the age of chivalry be past, the pU'it of chivalry is extinct amongst us? It would, illlleed, be a proof of the degeneracy of modern society if we found a general di regard of those rules of strict hOilour and of courtesy, a Heglect of the respect ana protectioll due to women, and an indifference to risk life to save others which constitute the really brave ITl:1l1. And who will say that such chivalry is confined to anyone class? True chivalry m:1y exist in every class and condition of men; itR impuJ. es may beat in every breast, whether that breaat be covered by the broadcloth of the gentleman or by the working dress of the co11i(>r, and there are, doubtless, many in this room who would be ready, if t1llfurtunately the opportunity presented itself, to show the ame qualities of illtel1ig'cnt bra,ery and patient endurance which ha,e distinguished the heroes of this evening-Cloud applause). rr'he medals which I now exhibit to you ha.v e been modelled with great skill aud care uy tile hands ()f the well-known medalli ts, :Messrs. Wyon, of London, and we believe that. they will ha,e an intriusic value as works of art. Ou one side is the badge of the Order of St. J ohu, the wellknown eig'ht-pointed cross. ymbolic of the eight Be:1Mitudes, and tha emblem of that broad and comprehensive Christian charity which soars above all class and sectarian distinctitms, and which should be the source and mainspring of every brave and noble act. On the other side is represented a sprig of the plant called t. J Ollll'S-wort, entwiued in which are scrolls bearing the names of those hi toric places so memorable in the chequel'ed vicissitudes of our Orclcr-Cypru', Acre, Jerusalem, H.hodes, .Malta. Around ar8 the words, "For service in the C:1use of bUlTlanity." For ervices in the cause of humanity, most hrave, most devoted, I 1l0'i'V, in bellaH of the Order of St. J Oh11 of Jerusalem, present to you, Elijah II allam, and to you, Fredorick Vickers, these medals, aucl I fa ten them upon tho e urca ts which yielclocl to RllCh nol,1<.' impulses for the pl'c,erYation of your fellow-

creatmes-(gl'eat cheering). The Christian character of iher:;o decOl'a,.. tions will serve to remind you of that Almighty arm which in the hour of uanger hielded you and your companiolls, whose lives you saved, and the honoured badge of our Order, which has been bome by bmve and good men through many ages, will unmi takeably indicate the high character of the services which entitle you to wear it. I trust that you may long live to wear these medals on your breasts, anu that they may be handed down to your children as cherished memorials of their gallant fathers. Sir EDi\IID."'D LECIHIERE then read and handed to the men the resolution of the Ohapter of the Order of St. John, inscribed on v8llum, which accompanied the medal, and resumed hi seat amidst loud applause. :1\11'. J . .A. STIRLING, who had been principally instrumental in rai.sing the ubscription on behalf of the recipients of the various te, timonials in London, in a brief speech presented Hallam with the title deed to the plot of land, and Vickers with a handsome silver cup, bearing the inscription, "Pre ented to Frederick Vickers as a recognition of hi, heroic conduct in saving the lives of his fellow-worker. in all accident at the Devonshire Silkstone Colliery, near Ohesterfield, on the 6th September, 1875, sub cribed for by a few admirer .-London, Noy. 1 tll, 1875 "-(applause). :1\11'. BOOTII, Ohairman of the Company to which the colliery belong', said, after the 8l.:u ogy which had already been passed upon the brave men IIallam and Vickers, he thought the te timonial he had to pre'ent was a 'ufficient proof of his appreciation of their heroism. lIe could only ay that he met them with mingled feeling of pleasUI'e and regret-pleasure at having the honour of being the medium of conveying the te timonial to their brn;very, IV hich he hoped they "ould value, not only for it, intrinsic worth, but as a testimony of the thorough appreciatian of their bravery-(hear, hear). But he ali~o felt deep regret when he remembered that, notwithstanding the bravery they diRplayed, one of their fellow-workmen succumbed to the injury he recei ,ed in the accident. IIe then preFlented each of the men with a, handsome black marble timepiece, which he .'aid he hoped would, in addition to oaing a testimonial of their praisewnrthy scrvice , ever remind them that" life is short and etemity long "-(appJa.uFle). The recipient. o[ the testimonials h:1ving expreFl. 'ed their aclmowleclgmelll ' to the donors of the variou, gifts, votes of th:1nks were ptl.Rsed to the Speakers and to the Ohairman. In responding for the fonner, Sir EmIUND LECIDIERE drew :1tiention to :1 photograph of one of the" St. John" ambulance litters for conveyillg illj11l'e rl PCI'. OllR from thc Rccnc o[ t\Jl accidcnt to their homc.", 01' the

l1eal'Cst Ito,spitul, rccclLLiy introduc u and ,supplied oy the OrcleI' of L John. The e little c:1lTiageR, which were ea 'ily propclled and managed by one man, W 1'e carefully constructed unuer the experienced direction of urgeon-Major Manley, tJ.([ " o[ the Royal Artillery, the Superintentendent of the Ambulance Department of the Order, and could be obtained for the comparatively. mall sum of £14, by applying to 11im'elf, or to tbe Agents of the Order, ]V[essrs. l\1·.Jaught and Smith, of \Vorce tel', and of Park Lane, London; and he strongly recommendeu them to the notice of colliery and mine proprietors. The photograph appeared to excite the greatest interest among t the collier.' pre. ent, many of whom doubtless recalled the l1fferings of those who, [or want of . uch a conveyance, were often carried to the llORpital in jolting carts over rough roads. II:1ving thus inaugmated this ,york, the Order of St. John appeals to the public generally, and to mine owner. e pecially, for support and assi. tance in carrying it out. It should be noticed that the ambulances are old without profit, having been introduced by the Order solely a. a means of benefitting uffering humanity; and a there are other branch€' of charitable work which press heavily on the resources of the Order, it is hoped that all those who are interested in this special work, and l)al'ticularly such as are connected with mines and collieries, will glacUy corne forward to a i t the Order by 8ubscribing to the Ambuln-nce ::llld Medal Fund. Letter may be addressed to the Secretary of the Order, Sir EDnlmm LECHMERE, Bart., St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell, London, E.C. , to whom contributions in aid of the Fund may also be sent, or p:1id in to the accoullt of the" RECEIVER OF TIIE ORDER OF fT. J onN OF fJ ERUSALE1r." LondolL and "\Yestminster Bank. t. .T amc. ' Squn-I'c. f

klARR I':ON AND SONS, PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO IlER ~IAJr:STl', ST. MAR'l'Jl'o 'S LAIn:.

ROLL OF TIlE

MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES OF THE

erbcr of bt. ~obn of ~fru~alcnt IN

ENGLAND.

Pn'71ted by Order of tlte Cltapter. 18 75 .

LONDO HARRISON AND

T :

ONS, ST. MARTIN'S LA TE,

Printers in O?'di1lary to Her Jl1ajesty.

~be ~ounctl. PRESIDENT-Lieut-General Sir J OHN ST. GEORGE, K .C.B. Consists of the executive Officers, the Chaplain -General, and the following elected (1875) Members:The Right Honble. the Earl of GLASGOW. The Right Honble. the Earl of DUDLEY. Si r EDWARD G. L. PERROTT, Bart. Sir BROOK KAY, Bart. Lieut-Colonel GOULD WESTO~, F.S.A. tJ. ([ . Surgeon-Major W . G. N . MANLEY. Major Du:\cA~, R.A., M.A., LL.D.

'WutropoIier. This Office is at prese nt vacant.

JLorb {eriol'. HIS GRACE \VILLIA~I DROGO, DUI(E.. OF ML\'CHESTER. 24th Jline, 186 I.

13aiUff of }Eagle.

lExecutibe

<TI)ffi(er~. CHANCELLoR-Lieut-General Sir J OH~ ST. GEORGE, K.C.B., 22, Cornwall Gm-dens, Quee1l's Gate, S. TV. " U1lited S eruice Club. S. TV. SECRET..JR y-Sir ED~IU TD ANTHOXY HARLEY L ECH)lERE, Bart., F.S.A., Rli)'dd Court, Uptoll-Oll-S e'Zicr7Z / 13, Boltoll Row, ~V. " Carlton Club, S. TV. RECEIVER-Sir E. A. H. LECIIMERE, Bart., F,S.A. A Li11DNER-Capt. ED. F. K~OTTESFORD- FoRTESQUE, TVaJlde1'"e1-'s Club, S. TV. REGISTR.-IR-RICIL\.RD \N oo)' , F.S.A., F.R.S.L., ](eddlestoll{" J1fal(.lcrlt.

The Righ t Honble. WILLIA:\1 HE'T D\.\T, B"\Ro:\' LEIGH. ~,~, 5th Januar)', 1863.

ltecetbcl', nab Qiommanber of

~anleJ1 ~a~Hle,

To whom any correclions [or the Roll may be addressed .

GENEALOGIST-The Rev. Tnol\u.s HUGO, F.S.A., F.R.S. L ., Tile Rectory, TIVest Hac/m e)', N. LIBRARIAN-CAPTAIN BLAIR, 38, Union Grove, S. HI . ASSISTANT-SECRETARy-HERBERT C. P ERROTT, Lieut. East Kent Militia, Plum stea d, ]{e12t. Ai1tfBULANCE D EPARTi1tfENT- Superintendent: Surgeon-::.'IIajor MANLEY, ~,<C" R.A., 17, Cltatllam Place, TVoohuic/z Commoll.

~or{£~ter~fJire. S ir EDMUND Al THONY .fI ARLEY LECHMERE, Bart., M.A. F.S.A. 2nd February, r869.

BANKERS-The London and Westminster Bank,

St. James's

Squa1'"e, S. W. J ETVELLER- M . R. PHILLIPS, Cocksp7tr Street, S. TV Communications may be addressed to the ecretary o[ the Order of St. J ohn . St . Jo11n'-; Gate, Clerkenwel1, Lond on, E. C.

CHEVALIERS OF JUSTICE.

~fJebnlfet~

Blac1?rod:,

17 th Jall., I. 7I.

D ICK-LAUDER, Sir Thomas orth, Bart., - FOlmtain H all, H addiugi oJlsltire / 4 5, Upper Brook S treet, Grosve71or Square, n~

6th Feb. , 1873.

D UDLEY, The Ri ght H onourable th e E a rl of,- TVitlq COlwt, TVonestc7l'sll£re D lfdley H ouse, P ark L ane, TV. / Carlton Cbb, S. TTT.

15 th Dec.,

D UXC\.lT, F rancis, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., Major R.A.,--Tllc Com1lZon, TVoohCJz'dt.

23rd June) 1875.

E LIOT, T h e Right Ho no urab le \ Vm. Gordon Cornwa llis, Baron, - Port Eliot, S. Gcrlllaus, Cornwall 36, D 07}e7' Street, rv.

2nd :'Jarch, 1869.

FORTESCUE, Edward l-<~. Knottesford, Captai n lat e I ndian A rmy, 1st \ Van vicksh ire Militia)- lIValldercr's Club, S. TT?

9 th July, Ib75 ·

D AVIES, Francis Rob ert, Dublin.

of .IDU~ttCf.

ALEXANDEH., Major-General Sir James Edward, K.C.B., K.C.L.S.,TVesterton House' Bndcre 0-1' A t.'l,a1 " j 7lv.T B . . U 1lZ'ted . <::> '.J S ervzce mzd A titeU()!1t1lZ Clubs, S. W

24th F eh., 1832.

Honorary Commander, 24th June, 184 2.

M.R.I.A., -

H awtlwr7l

74.

ANDERSOX, Colonel Thomas,-A sitton H07tse, TVestwa1'd Ho, lVorth Devon / Un£on Club, Trafalgar Squarc, TIV C.

5th Jan . , 1863.

Honorary COl!1mancler, 24th June, 186 3.

BARRETTO, Henry Barretto, Baron de, of Portugal, F.R.S.L.,Brandon Park, Suffolk / Sledale F01'est, near Kendal/ Berkeley House, Cambr£dge Street, "£IV

12th Dec., 1857.

H onorary Bailli, 21 st December, 18 57.

BARR, MaJ'or-General Henry James,-14, St. James cy 'sSqllare,

S. T/f/.

8th Jul y, 1857.

BEAUMONT, Sir George Howland, Bart.)-Cole Horton Hall, A shby-de-la-Zoucite / Cm'lton Club, S. TIV.

15th D cc., 1871.

BROWNE, Lieut-General \Valter John, C B S . James's cy . . -14, Square, S. TY.

8th July, 1857.

~9th

re nt (Ashford) Rifle Vol unteers.

GLASGOW, T he R ight Honourable the E arl of,- l-{elfmrne I-JoZtse, .Ayrsltire Cupar, Prior)', Fife I I, Hereford Gardens) 1V. Carlton Club, S. vV

5th

GORDO~,

6th J )cc. , 1870.

GIBD, Hugh, late Surgeon-Gencral, Bombay Presidency,-Gr ove End H oZtse, S t. Jolm)s TVood, JV. lI~

20th :'Ia)" 1858.

Honorary Command er, 16th July, 18 57.

BURGESS, Charles ~ ~hn, Major, Honourable Artillery CompanyNa'l1al and Mzlztary Club, Piccadzl~1j, "£IV

FURLEY, J ohn, Capt.

7t h May, 1872.

),'"0\,.)

1872.

The H onourabl e Sir Arthur Hamilton, K.e M.G., Governor of F iji Islands.

Honorary Commander, 13th J uly, 1859.

BURLTO)(-BEN JETT, John Robert, late Postmaster-General Bengal,-I4, Havelock Road, Hastings. '

8th F eb., 1860.

H AWKI NS, Thc Rev. \Vm. Bentinck L etham, M.A., F.P.S., 33, B1I'ya71sto71e S quare, 1V. .A tlICllClJ1t7Jl Club, S. TV. J'

CARTER, Charles Pemberton,-Luto1Z House, Selling, near Faversltam, Kent / United University Club, Suffolk Street,

24th June, 1863.

S.H7.

H OARE, Sir Edward, Bart.,-Little H othjield, 1lcar A sltjield, l(ent.

CRA \i\TFORD, \Nilliam, M.A., late Chief Magistrate of Bombay. Honorary Bailli,

1St

July, 1857.

lIor,orary Commander, 9th December, 1865.

22nd July, 1857.

H onorary Bailli, 24th J nne, 1864.

1st J uly, I8S7.

H()L~l E::-;. General John, e.13 .. -

14,

St. James's Square. S. TV.

HOLL.\XD, Lieut.-Col. Trevcnen James, CB., late Assistant Quarterma tcr-General,-T/dcket Road, Upper ./I/or'wood,

8th July, 18 57. r2th Dec., r8S7·

r4th Oct., r842.

Rl!riclL Castle, ILeal' A z~r-la-C/tapelle/ and C/ulteau de TVisbecq, near Brussels. (Rcccivcd into the Order in the AngloBavarian Langue. r 825.) Honorary Commander, 24th June, r847.

K.\ Y, Sir Brooke, Bart.,-Stanlq Lodge, Battledowll, Cheltell/ta7ll.

MAXCHESTEl', IIis Grace vVilliam Drogo, Duke of,-I( z'mbolto71

Cast/e, l-fwlts "

G7'eat StanlLOpe Street,

rv.,.

~9th Sept., rS60.

Carlto7l Club,

S. TV. Lord Prior, 24th June, rg6I.

S.E. HO:-1PESCH YO?\' VVISBECQ, Theophile Anton vVilhelm, Count von, nephew and heir of the sixty-ninth Grand- laster.

CIIE\'.\LIEP S OF JUSTICE.

CHEVALIER::; OF JUSTICE.

MA:r~SEL, Sir John Bell \Villiam, Bart.,-Tlle Heath, TYro tlla7Il , R~ent .J./;faesttlo, CaerJlZa7'tllellsllire,. Carltoll Club, S. TV.

30th June, r843·

MOUXT-CIIARLES, The Right Honourable George Henry, Earl of, Col. h.-p. 1st Life Guards; Lt.-Col. Commanding Royal East Kent 110unted Rifies,-Bljrolls, near CmztcrbwJ' "

7th June, rS,o.

23, Rutlalld Gate, H)lde Parle, S. TV I7 th Nov., r87I.

PI.:R R( )TT,

Sir Ech,·;'..rd George Lambert, Bart., Captain, late East

22nd July, r837·

Kent Militia,-BrooklLill House, PlmlZstead, I( ent.

Guards,-Beauport, Battle, Sussex " TVyndham Club, St. James's Square, S. TV.

6th Feh .. r873·

LECIDIERE, Sir Edmund A nthony Harley, Bart., Commandcr of Hanley Castle, Worcester~hire,-R/lJldd COlwt, ncar fipton-oll-Sevenl/ 38, Clm'ges Street, S. H~ / Carlton Club,

9th Dec., r86s·

L.,\:\IH, Sir Archibald, Bart., Captain 2nd Life

IIonorary Bailli, 20th .\ugl.lst, rSS5· PORTER, Col. \Vhitworth, Royal Engineers,-Barbadoes. IIonomry Commander, 24th June, r86r. POTT, Joseph Compton, J un.,-Pfardell, I{ ellt.

TT~.

Sth June, r859·

24th June, 184f.

Honorary Commander, 24th June, r841.

Commander. 2nd February, r869. LEIGII, The Right Hon. William Henry, Baron,-StoJle/ezgh A bbCJ', K ell£hv01'th, TVa7'wicks/lire " 37, Port1na71 Square, TTT. ,.

5th Jan., r863·

Brooks' and Travellers Clubs, S. TIV.

LOCH, H emy Brougham, CB., Licut.-Govcrnor of the Isle of

22nd July, 1837.

IIonorary Commander, 8th June, r8S9· R YLAXD, Lieut.-Colonel George Hermoll,-Go'UcrJ17Jlellt Holtse,

Bailiff of Eagle, 5th January, r863. LEITH, John Farlcy, M.P., late Profcssor of Civil Law, H.E.I.e. College, HaileyburY,-79, Gloztcester 'Ten'ace, Hyde Park, TV.

PO\Y~:\'LL, Hcnry,-63, RlIssell Square. TTr.c.

9th June, r858.

.J {071t1I'cal. 8th July, r8S7·

rst Feb., r862.

Man,-Douglas, Isle of Mall.

IIonorary Commander, 24th June, r861.

ST. GEORCE, Lieut.-General Sir John, K.C13., Colonel Commandant Royal Artillery,-22, Cor717..Vall Gardells, Qucell's Gate TV. " Uwited Service Club, S. VV.

1st

June, I or.

IIonorary Commander, 24th June, r861. MACPIIERSOX OF CLU ry, Ewen, Chief of the Macphersons and Clan Chattan,-Clzmy Castle, ](z'71g1!ssic, In venzcss-s/tz're /

Jl!nior United Servz'ce Club, S. TTr. ITOj10rary D:lilli, 20th August, 1855.

13th Jan., r834 SHA \Y, Claudius, K.S.F.; late Royal Artillery, and late Colonel of Artillery of the British Lesion in Spain,-7, Elder Place,

Co bridge, Stoke-oJL- Trent.

3rd XUY., r874·

CHE\~l \LIERS

OF JUSTICE.

SHERID,\N, Henry Brinsley, )/I.P.,-Oaklantis, St. Peter's, Islc of TIW71ct.

20th May, 185S.

SnUCKBURGH, Sir Francis, Bart., F.R.S.,-Slwckburglt Park, 1Icar Davclltry " Ull'iOll Club, S. TV

loth Nov., 1858.

BECK, The Rev. Edward Josselyn, M.A., R ector of Rotllerlt£tlte,

1St March, 1870

Sltrrejl.

Honorary Commander, loth 1\ ovember, 1858. SPRYE, Captain Richard, late Dep.-J udge-Advocate-Gencral, l\1adras ArmY,-75, Harcourt Terrace, S. Tr".

~fJapla{n~.

20th Aug., 18 55.

Honorary Commander, 8th July, 1857.

CA 1 1, The Rev. ]. Brooke Maher, M.A., Vicar of Monkton

'2nd Aug., 187°·

TVj,ld, CIW77nolLtll, Dorsets!t£re. COSENS, The Rev. \Nilliam Reyner, D.D., M.A., Vicar of Dudley,

3rd Aug., 1869.

TVorccstersltirc. STORY, James, -:'VI.A.,- 17, B7'J'a71stone SqlLa7'C, TV. " Carltou Cluo, S.TV

5th l\by, 18 74.

TK\lPLETOWX, General The Right Hon. George Frederick, Viscount, K.C.B., Colonel Commandant 60th Royal Rifles, -Castle UptOIl, Ileal' Belfast, Co. Allf7-£m " U1Zitcd S cr'i.1icc a1ld Gua7/'ds' Clubs, S. TV

7th June, 187°·

Tno rso:0Y, William, C aptain late 78th Highlanders.

2nd March, 1864.

VAVASOUR, Sir Henry Mervyn, Bart., Tadcaster; Travellers' Club, S. TV.

Spald£llgt01t

J-Jall,

IIAWKI r S, The Rev. Wm. Bentinck Letham, M.A., F.R.S.,33, Brj'a71stolt Squarc, Jiv. ,. AtIIC71r2lt77Z Club, S. TV

6th :\lay, 1867.

\tVESTO~,

Lieut.-Colonel Gould,-22, Tlmrlow Square, S. TV. " . 6lh Dec., 1870. Ull'ited S er1.J£ce Clllb, S. ~V

WOLLASTON, Frederick, Major late 6th (Inni~killing) Dragoons, -Slzellt07t Hall, NZt7leatoll, -VVarw£cks!z'ire. Honorary Commander, 8th July, 1857.

7th April, 1868.

HUGO, The Rev. Thomas, M.A., F.S.A., F.R.S.L.,-Rector of Hlest Hackmj", N.

4th June, 186 7.

MALET, The Rev. Wm. \Vyndham,-Vicar of A1'delcJI, 1Zfa7' BU7l ti71gj07/'d, Flerts.

12th l\iny, 1868.

OAKLEY, The Re.v. John, M.A., Vicar of St. Saviour's, Hoxton, - I , St. lIifary's Road, CmlO71b1fr)" N.

3rd March, 1868.

PORTAL, The Rev. George Raymond, M.A., Rector of B7trgltclere, near NC'lc!blt7,)" Berks.

3rc.l Aug., 1869.

of Gailej'

Honorary Commander, 24th June, 1847. WALFORD, Edward, lYI.A.,-I7, Cluwclt Row, Hampstead, N. T,V / Ju7t£or A tlte7U2lt11Z Club, JiV

B.C.L.,~Vicar

HOLDEN, The Rev.

24th June, IRp.

I "t July, 18 57.

6th June, 186 5.

CU1Il

Oswald

Mangin, M.A.,

Ha t!tcr tOll , Pellkrz'dgc.

Chaplain-General, appointed 24th June, 1872, ror five years. RUSSELL, The Rev. Sydenham Francis, M.A., Rector of Uckfidd, Sussex.

2nd Feb., 1869.

SEWELL, The Rev. Arthur, M.A.,-Litcliford Hall, Black/ej', M ancllester.

15th Dec., 18 7!.

SIIADWELL, The Rev. Arthur Thomas Whitmore, M.A.,Rector of Langton, Maltoll, Yorkslt£7'e.

3rd Dec.. rS67·

WOOF, Richard, F.S.A., F.R.S.L.,-J(eddlesto71e, lVlalvenz.

LADIES.

CHAPLAINS.

TE~NESSEE, The Right Rev. Charles Todd Quintard, LL.D.; Bishop of,-lV!emplzz's, Tam., U.S.

WIIARTO , The Rev. Joseph Crane, M.A., Vicar of T/V£llesdell,

2? Cornwall Gardens. d S T. G EORGE, Elizabeth l\/[arianne, L a y,- ~,

6th Feb., 1868.

Qlteen's Gate) TV. I

st March, 1870.

STRANGFOIZD, The Right Hon. Emily Anne, Viscountess and Baroness Penshurst,-IO, Clzapel Street, Pad~ Lane, VV

1I1iddlese:c. WOOD, The Rev. Albert Athels~ane, Rector of Soutlt Reston,

8th Jan., 1862.

3rcl March, 1868.

TORPIIICHEN, The Right Hon. Helen, Dowager Lady,-N£7te

Lout/t.

8th Aug., 1873·

1st J nne, 1869.

vVdls, CIt£rnside, NB. WOOD, The Rev. Thomas William, Chaplain to the Hanley Castle Commandery,-RI0Idd Court, near Upton-01Z-Severn.

5Lh May, 1874.

VVOODWARD, The Rev. ] ohn,-Incumbent of St.lIl'ary's, llIontrose,

2nd June, 1868.

Qibebalier~

NB.

JLab'te~.

BUR~Es,

Esther Sarah (Mrs·),-40, Ladbroke Square, 1(elZ-

24lh June, 1862.

S'i1Zgt01Z Park, TV

BE.\TTIE, \Villiam, M.D.,-I3, Upper Berkeley Street, TV.

1st July, 1857·

BLAIR, Harry, Captain late 3rd Regiment, -3 8 ,

18th Xov., 18 73.

Unioll Gro'ue,

S.TV BULO\\" Carl Georg Alexander, Baron von.

4th June, 1867.

DE LASTIC ST. ] AL, Agnes, Vicomtesse,-Cizateau de M071taubmz,

Drip. de Tarn-et-Garo1Zne, France.

HAW~(INS, Elizabeth (Mrs·),-33, BrymzstolZ Square, ~v. HOARE, Harriet, Lady,-Little Hotlifield, Asliford, 1(ent. Louisa Katharine, Lady,-Rltydd Com/t, neal/ Upton-on-Sevenl, rVorcesterski7-e' ~8 Clarcres Street S TV

LECIIMERE,

)

Bu, TELLI-FoSCOLO, Giovanni, Conte di. 1st April, 1862.

3rcl April, 1867. 5 th Jan., 1863.

Honorary Commander.

Same c;late.

CASTEL-BROLO, Federico Lancia Grassellini, Duca di, K. SS. M. and L., K. Crown of Italy, Palermo. Honorary Bailli.

24th June, 1864.

Ist April, 1865.

Same date.

9th Dec., 1865.

CLAY, William Nicholls,-St. lIIJmy Clw7'c/t, near T07/quaJI.

4lh July, 1867 .

CLAY, Richard, late Lieutenant, 78th Highianders.

2nd May, 1872.

K .C,C. II I ., K .S. Syl ., . L.L.D., F.S.A., DELEPIERRE, O cave, t Belgian Consul-General and Sec. of Legatlon,-3S, Howley

20lh ;\Iay, 1858.

R~ght

Hon. Caroline Amelia, Lady,-Sto1lelezglt .L1 bbey, K en z/wortlt, Warwz'cksizz're / 37, Portman Square, ~v.

MOU:\TT-CIIARLES, The Right Hon. Jane St. Maur Blanche, Countess of,-B'lfr07ZS, Kent/ 23, Rutland G'ate~ l-lyde

20th l\Iarch, 1860. 13th Oct., 1858.

Place, 1I1[aida H£ll, lV

Park, S. W.

POT'TEl', Annie Shirley (Mrs.),-Barbadoes.

24lh June, 1847.

Honorary Commander. Same dale.

CROSS, Catherine (Mrs.) 1Zee Porter,-Hytize, 1<ent.

LEIGH, The

of ($race.

DE LAS TIC ST. 8th Jan., 1862.

JAL,

Louis, Vicomte,-Cltatcml de M071t(77tball

Dip. de Ta1~1Z-et-Garo717zc, Frallce.

2nd Dec., 1861.

CHEVALIERS OF GRACE,

I-lEARD, Colonel The Honorable John T.,-4, LOlL£sburg Square, Boston, N America. IIonorary Commander.

13th

Oct.,

3rcl

ov., r874.

18 58.

Same date.

KETTLE, Rupert Alfred, F.R.S.L., Judge of the County Court of vVorcestershire,-JlIeridale, Wolverhampto7t and Gla71-ydon, Tozvyu, Merio1Zetk

ALCOCK-STA WELL, Jonas William, -l(£lbrittaill Castle, co. Cork/ lVcw U71ivcnity Club, St. James's Strect, S. W.

5th Nov., 1872.

BURGES~,

3rcl March, 1868 .

V .Qt., MA TLEY, William George Nicholas, Surgeon- Major R.A. - 17, Clmtitam Placc, Woolwz'clt Common, S.E. METTERNICII, Baron von,-Potsdam. Honorary Commander.

Same date.

RATCLIFF, Charles, F.S.A. - vVyddn,'1Zgtoll, EdgbastolZ, mingham J' A tlzc12ce7t1JZ and C01Zservati'lIe Clubs, S. TV

8th July, 1857.

B£r-

BURGE.'S, Harry l\1iles, Captain Royal Artillery,-Hydrabad, Si7ld iVaval aJld Jlbldar)} CI1fb, lV

4th Aug., 1868

BURY, Phineas, Captain late r5th IIussars, Captain East Ke~1t Militia,-Littlc Islmzd, co. Cork / Junior United Servzce Club, S. TV.

24th June, 187 0 .

24th June, r847.

PRI TGLE, William,-r8, Scotla1zd Strect, Ed£1Zbm-git.

John, Captain R.N.,-SolttltalllPlolt.

5th

Dec.,

Edward Francis, Captain R.A., Deputy Assista11t Quartennaster-Gcneral,-LucklLOw, /;tdz'a.

CIlApnL\.l\,

r864.

Turllltallt

1st April, I~G5 ·

FREND, Edwin, Captain Oxfordshire .i\lilitias-RcfoJl'1It Club,

7th July, 1868.

DODSWORTII, Frederick Charles, GrCCN,

RYLAND, Warwick Hasti11gs,-Gover1l1Jlcnt HOltsc, Montrcal.

8th June, r859.

SALIS-SOGLIO, Major-General Johann Ulrich, Baron de, K.S. Wladimir, - au Sandt, Co£rc, Canton of thc Gn'solts, S witzcrland.

9 th June, 1858.

Honorary Bailli.

Same date.

STAGG, General,-Quito, Ecztadol'. Honorary Bailli.

8th Feu., 1871.

20th Aug., 1855.

Oxford

Villa,

rv.

HE ~DERSON , J oseph,-Broollljic!d Placc, Evelyll Street, Deptford, S.E.

13 th July, 1859.

LLUELLYN, Richard, Captain, late 46th Regiment,-Arllry and Navy Club, s.w.

6th

LYTE, Henry Churchill Maxwell,-I8, Albemarle Street, TV.

2nd July, 1867.

MURRAY, James Wolfe,-Crz'1lglctic, N .B.

5th Kov., 1872.

Dec., 18 70 .

Same date.

WALDIE-GRIFFITH, George Richard,-l-fendcrsyde Park, .l(elso, NB. / Carlton Club, S. Jiv.

15th

WALKER, J Oh11, M.A.,- fiVf'stb02t1'1Ze HOltsc, Pittville, Clteltenltam..

6th May, 18 73.

VVREX-HOSKY S, Chandos, M.P.,-Harewood, 1zem" Ross, .l-ferefordsltz're / Oxford and Cambridge Club, S. TJ~

4th June, 186 7.

Dec., 18 74. liT Cour,t O'MALLEY, Edward Loug11l1,-.LVCW 1 1' Junior Car/toll Club, S. TV.

, l CI I'h "rtC,

lj'.C' . J

PEARSOr , Albert Harford, M.A., 13.C.L.)-2, Cllcstcr Placc, Ju7tz'or Carltou Club, S. HT.

tv, /

2~rcl JlIl1e, v

1873.

4th June, 18 67.

110 ·ORAR.Y

ESQUIRES.

S.ANDERSOX, Edw. Scott,-Fearlla/L Hcatll, Claines, ~V01"cestcr. Sl1.\ W,

Alexandcr .fEneas,- Cobl~idge, Stoke-olt- T 'rellt.

Jr.clllec., 1869. l:,t

Junc,

1867.

ASSOCIATE~.

MARTI I, Emma Theresa (Miss), ~S?tperiJttende7Zt of St. Jolm's Holtse, Asliford, I( ent.

24th June, 18 70 .

lYL\.RTY T, Ellen (Miss),-Tlze Hospital. RlIge!ey. ~onorarJ1 ~!)~ociat£~.

BAKER, Sir Samuel Whitc, Kt., M.A., F.R.S., F.R.G.S. J-Sandford Gdez'gll, Newtott A bbott, Devon / A titemEu1It Club, S. W

9 th Feb., 1875.

MOORE, James Bury 1\1'L'coe,1 Provillce of Qucbec, Canada.

I.l·cut.-Coloncl, -

La.praire,

5th May, 1874.

MOYNIER, Gustave, President d u C oml't c Intcrnational dc Secours aux Blcsses, l\/(ilitaires,·-Geneva.

20th April, 1875·

N .\PPEH, Albcrt, Cralllcigll, Surrey.

6th April, 1869·

BEALE, Lionel Smith, M.D., F.R.S.,-I(i71g's College Hosp£tal, TV.C.; and 6r, Grosvenor Street, W

23rcl June, 1873·

BE~NETT, Charles Henry, M.D., College Holtse, Ha7JZ711ersm£tk

23 rd June, 1875.

BRACKENBURY, Henry, Major Royal Artillery,- Jzmior United S erv£ce Club, S. ~V.

20th April, 1875.

POLLOCK, A. Julius, M.D.,-Clwri/lg Cross J-Iospital, 85, I farley S trcet, H~ C.

23rd June, 18 75.

6th Dec., 1870.

' Josll'la Hcnry,- Victoria Hospital, PORTER, Surgeon- 1\/( aJor .. J\Tetley.

FRASER, Keith, Lieut.-C ol. 1st Life Guards,-3I, Rutla1ld Gatc, Hyde Pa1~k, S. ~v.

20th April, 1875.

PRATT, Tnol\L\.. T .\'RTE, l\1.D., Chcv. Lcg. Hon.,-I2, Place

24th June, 18 70 .

FRERE, Right Honble. Sir Henry Bartlc Edward, K.C.B., G.C.S.I., &c.,- TVressil Lodge, TVimblcd01l; East Ind£a U. S. and A tlte1zcElt11l Clubs, S. 1iV.

20lh April, 1875.

FRANK, Philip, M.D.,-Ca1l1zes, France.

rv.c. ;

alld

VcndoJllc, Paris. ROBERTS, 1\/(ary Ann (Miss),-I3, Britannia Squarc, HTorccstcr.

15th Dec., 1874.

.. . Clementll1a . L OUlsa, . -.lIIissio1Z Holtse' La7lgley, R Ul\IPFF, I",raulc1l1

6th i-Iay, 1873.

Gldbn1')'. GRA~ ' TILLE, Paulina (l\Iiss),-I62, Finborouglt Road, Ratcliffe Gardcns, S. IF.

R Ul\ISEY,

Hcnry Wyldebore, 1\I.D., F.R.S., -

I(lloll H£ll,

5th ~ OV., 1872.

Pl'estblt7J', 1lcar Clteltcultam.

HEADLA~D, Frcdcrick VV., Cavelld£slt Square, vV

M.D., -

37, jViargaret Strtet,

HODSON, Elizabeth (Mrs.), formerly Superior of St. John's House, Norfolk Street, London, - 5, Cltarlotte Stregt, Berkeley Square, B1'istol. TETT-BARRI JGTON, Vincent, Lieut. 5th Middlescx Militia, -45 a, Chester Square, S. w.

KEN

4lh May, 186 9.

24th June, 1870.

ST. JOlIN'S I-lOUSE, Thc Lady Superior of for the time being, -Norfolk Street, Strand, n~ c. J M .., D Physician in Ordinary. to SIEVEKING Eehvard 1:-lcnry, . ! ' . f 'lN 1 St .lIIar)l's l-lospzta, I-I.R .H. the Pnnce 0 v a cs, . Paddi1lgto71, TV~' and 17, .lIIancitcstcr Square, TV

24th June, 18 70 .

12th Jan., 186 9.

20th April, 1875.

LOXGMORE, Thomas, c.B., Surgeon-Gcncral,-Royal Vict01'£a J-Iospital, Netley, S outltampt07z.

24lh June, 1870.

M.\.CCOR:\IAC, William, M.A., M.B.,--St. Tlwmas's J-Iosp£tal/ and 13, Harley S trcet, W

8lh Feb., 1871.

STILLI TGFLEET, Cordelia Stillingflcct (Mis.s), Founder a~d,Lad~ . t cn d en t of St. Alban's Illdustrwi Sclwol,- H OJCCStCI. S upcnn 20th April, 1875·

SUTIlERLAND, Stewart,-Coombe, CroJ1doll, Surrey. WALLACE, ~ir Richard, Bart.,-IJertjord

Square, W

I-!OIlSC,

Jllallcllcstcr

13th Feb., 18/2.

iJDonat~+ Date of Electio1't.

~\TL\'Y, Sarah (Miss),-Cullcge Precillcts, rfon:cstcy.

23['(1

BEAUCIL\.l\lP, Catherine Dowager Countess - I 6B Grosvellor Square, TV ' ,

June, 1073.

8Lh Dec., 1869. ANTRIM, The Ri g ht Hon. Hugh Seymour, 2nd Earl of.

GOLDI IGIIAilI, Catherine (Mrs.),-Britmt7tia Square, I Vorcestcr. HILL, Thomas Rmvley, IVT-. p et.eatlleri1le's ' .,--....) Hil! TVorcester Reform Club, S. fJl. '

LUMLEY, Susan (Mrs.), -S/teppe1'toll, Hellley-oll- T/wJ/les.

5Lh

1872.

Xuv.,

ARBUTII 'OT, Rear-Admiral Sir Alexander Dundas Young, K. Chas. III; Mejidie ; St. George of Russia; St. Ferdinand, &c.; Gent leman of the Privy Chamber to Her

BARTON, Sir Freeman, late Captai,tl 2nd Foot.

23 rd June, 1875. '

IVIITFORD, Emil y (M) rs. ,-2, C.'!tcvc!mzd Square, Hyde Park, TV PERRI ~ S , James DySOl1, F .:'\... R A . S .,-Davel/ham Bank, 1Ilalverll.

5Lh

1872.

Nov.,

BEAUCHAMP, Catherine Dowager Countess. 5Lh

~fay,

1874.

\VIK GFIELD-DI GBY, G eOl'0' . bC D'19 b y,-S/terborllc Cast/e, Dorset.

17Lh Feb, 1874.

Feb.,

1874.

~el'bing Jl)rotfJer~. BIR CH, .,Thomas, latc SerO'cant 1 Hussars, -~ Statiolledatt/le b 7tl Gltzt'd/lall, TYoreester.

28lh July, 18 35.

BEETHAM, William, F.R.S. 17 Lh

20Lh April, 1875.

BEETIIAlII, Albert \Nilliam, F.R.S.

'lit

3 r d No v., 1874.

9th Sepl., 1837.

BELL, Alexander, Quebec.

8th June, 1859.

BIGSBY, Robert, M.A., LL.D.,

K.J .S.

BRETT, Major Reginald Best, Bombay Artillery.

28th July, 1835. 16th Feb., 1858. 8th July, 18 57.

BRETT, Rob ert, M.R.C.S .

24th June, 1871.

BROMLEY, Stretch Cowley.

18 2 30th March, 3 ,

BROUN, Sir Richard, 8th Bart.

28th July, 1835·

BROUN, Lieut.-Colonel \iVilliam James, Government Secretary

16lh Aug., 1848.

Guernsey. Il .... RR I ~ ON ,\ 1\lJ :; UN ~, 1')-; 1. ' T El<S 11\ (Jl< DIl'AI<Y TO llEI( M 'JEST\' " • . , S1 . ~L\I{TI1\ ::; L .\ f\ )i,

28lh July, 18 35.

BELL. William, M.D.

BISSHOP, Major-General Cecil, C.B., Col. 16th Foot. SYSON, late Corporal 57 th R . h Hiram, ,-{" :'\..egl.m e nt,~-Statzo71ed e large oJ A lllbu!aJlee at 'TO~(J7Z EIall, Burs!em.

8th Dec., 186 9. 17th Jan., 18 34.

1sL April, 1862.

ROB ERTS, Mary Ann (Miss) , - I ' )J, B rz · ·ta7llzza . S quare, rVoreestcr.

15th Sept. 1833· IsL July, 18 57.

BEATTIE, \iVilliam, M. D.

BERENGER, Baron de.

PHILLIPS, Robcrt,-Coekspur Street, S. ~V

20th Aug., 18 55.

Maj esty. Lord Prior 16th July, 1860. 24th June, 1869.

MACLEAN, Robert MacLcan,-Byculla Club, Bombay.

AGAR, Lieut.-Colonel Sir Emmanuel Felix, Knight, 1st Life Guards, M.P. for Sudbury.

12th Dec., 1857.

DECEASED MEl\IBER

A D ASSOCtA TE .

DECEASED MEMBERS AND ASvOCIATES.

Date of Electi01L.

BROWNSOK, Li eut.-Colonel \rVilliam Henry, late Captain 23 rd (Royal Welsh Fusiliers) Regt.

15 th Sept., 1832.

BUCK, The Revd. John Parmenter, M.A., F.R.A.S.

28th Dec., 1860.

BUCKLEY, Major \rVilliam, Bengal Cavalry.

19th July, 1849.

BURGES, Somerville Waldemar. late Captain Grenadier Guards.

Date

D uNBOY TE, The Right HOll. J ames Butler, 13th Baron.

lith

if Election. Xov., 1830.

15 th

28th July, 1835 .

DVNIOKE, The Hon. Sir Henry, Bart., 17th Hereditary Champion of England.

15 th July, 1838.

DU:L\SANY, Th e Right Hon. Randal Edward Plunkett, Baron.

Lord Prior, 15th July, 1838. BURLTOl\', Colonel William, c.B.

8th July, 1857.

ERl\IATI::\'GER, Lieut.-Colonel William, K.S.F.

10th Feb., 1860.

F AREi\IAN, Colonel William B.

18th ::'tlay, 1833,

BURNES, James, (Baron of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha), K.H., LL.D., F.R.S.

22nd July, 1837.

BURNE, Lieutenant George James Holmes, Bombay Fusiliers.

FERGUSSON, Lieut.-General William, K. Cres. 1st Class; late Royal Marines.

12th Dec., 1857,

1st July, 1857.

BURNES, Dalhousie Holmes, Royal Engineers.

1st July, 1857.

FIFE, Sir J uhn, M.A., Dep. Lieut., co. Northumberland.

12th Dec., 18 57.

BUR~E , Sidney Holmes, Captain Bombay Staff Corps.

18th Jan., 1858.

20th Aug., 1855.

BUR ES, Holland Ward Holmes, Lieut. Indian Navy.

18th Jan., 1858.

FLORE., General, G.c. Chas. III.; Gr. Off. Legion of Honour; President of the Ecuador.

18th Nov., 1873.

FREE 'TUN, Colonel Sir William Lockyer, K.C. Chas. IlL, K.S.F. I. and Knight of the Holy Sepulchre, Dep. Lieut. of Dorsetshire, M.P. for Weymouth.

28th Aug., 18 57.

CHASTELAIN, Philippe, Count de. Received in France in 181 3. Sometime Secretary to the French Langues, and one of the Delegates to England at the revival of the English Langue.

GIBB, Hugh, Surgeon-General Bombay Army.

20th May, 18 58.

GIBSON, Lieut.-Colonel George Washington.

8th July, 1857.

GLOVER, Robert Mortimer, M.D., F.R.S. Edin.

24th June, 1848.

GRANT, Captain Thomas, Vice-Admiral of Devonshire.

19 th Jan., 1833.

GRANT, John, Bengal Army.

8th July, 1857. 24th June, 1848.

22nd July, 1837.

GRIFFITHS, Major William Stuart, late 23rd (Royai Welsh Fusiliers) Regt. , GUNNING, John, c.B., Knight of Wilhelm (of the Netherlands), Inspector-General of Hospitals.

DE PEARSALL, Robert Lucas, late 4th (Emperor's Own) Regt. Uhlans, Austrian Army.

17th July, 1840.

HEARD, Colonel James.

8th July, 1857.

DOYLE, l\1ajor-Gen. Sir John Milley, K.C.B., K.S.F., K.T.S., Serjeant-at-Arms to Queen Victoria; M.P. for co. Carlow.

HILLARY, Sir William, Bart., Equerry to H.R.H. the Duke of Sussex; Colonel of the 1st Essex Legion of Cavalry and Infantry, Founder of the Royal J ational Lifeboat Institution.

7th July, 18 38.

r Ith March, 1832.

ClIER~I IDE, Sir

Robert Alexander, M.D., K.C.H., K.R.E., K.L.H., Physician to the British Embassy at Paris.

CLANNY, William Reid, M.D., F.R.S. Edin., M.R.I.A. COPLAND, James, M.D., F.R.S. CRAWFORD, VVilliam, M.A., Chief Magistrate of Bombay. CUNYL GHAl\I, Sir Robert Keith Dick, 6th Bart. DE PEARSALL, Robert Lucas.

5th April, 1832. 16th July, 1857. 22nd July, 1837. 31st July, 1844.

20th ktg., 1855.

DECEASED

~IE!lIBERS

AND ASSOCIATES.

DECEASED MEMBER. '

ASSOCIATES.

Date of ElectuJIl.

HILLARY, Sir Augustus vVil li am, Guards. HILTO~,

Bart., late

6th

Dragoon

Charles, a serving Brother.

7th July, 18 38.

2nd July, 186 7.

HOLDEN, Hyla.

1St March, 1870.

HOPE, Vice-Admiral the Right Hon. Sir William Johnstone, G .c.B., lVLP., Governor of Greenwich Hospital (received

30th April, 183I.

abroad). J 0 ES, Vice-Admiral the Hon. Alexander Montgomery.

1~t

July, 1857.

LABANOFF, His Highness the Prince Alexander. LAMB, Lieut.-Colonel Sir Charles Montolieu, Bart., Baron de St. Hypolite (France), D.C.L., Knight-Marshal of the Queen's Household, Deputy-Lieutenant of Sussex a.1ld Ayrshire.

24th June, 1847.

Lord Prior, 24th June, 1847. LAMB, Charles James Saville Montgomery.

Date of .Election.

MEREDYTII, Sir Joshua Colles, Bart., Captain 89th Foot, Knight of the Orders of St. Louis of France, and of Louis of HesseDarmstadt. (l-fe 'Was the last Ellgl£slwzan 1~eceived into tile

Order by the 69t1l Grand-Master, the Baron Ferdinand von Hompesch, in tlte early part of the year 1798.) MURRAY, Captain Arthur Stormont, late Rifle Brigade.

9th Sept., 1837.

NEEDHAM, The Hon. Francis.

18th Dec., 1840.

NEWTO~,

James, Dep. Lieut. of Cheshire, Derbyshire and Lancashire.

N ORCLIFFE, Major-General N orcliffe, K. H.

17 th Jan., 1839.

O'Do::\' . ELL, General Sir Charle. Hussar.

20th May, 1858.

Routledge, Colonel 18th

PEARL, Commander Sir] ames, R.N., K.H.

8th July, 1857.

30th March, 1832.

PEARSO)J, Julius Alexander, LL.D., F.S.A.

LAURIE, William Alexander, F.S.A. Edin.

Sth July, 1857.

PEAT, The Rev. Sir Robert, D.D., G. C. St. Stanislaus of Poland, Chaplain to King George IV.

LA \vRE~CE, Sir J ames (nceiv~d abroad), Member of French Chapter in 1789.

30th April, IS31.

LE GEYT, Philip William, Memb. Legislative Council of India.

8th July, 18 57.

PEN EFATIIER, General Sir John Lysaght, G.c.B., K.C.M.L., Governor of Chelsea Hospital.

LE MARCHANT, Sir John Gaspard, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.

20th !lIay, 1858.

PERROTT, Sir Edward Bindloss, 3rd Bart.

McALESTER, Lieut.-Colonel Charles Archibald, K.H.

24th June, 1848.

PIIILIPPART, Sir] ohn, K.G.V., K.P.S., M.R.S.A.

MACKE rZIE, Charles Fitzgerald.

28th July, 18 35.

MAcN AB, Colonel the Hon. Sir Alan Napier, Bart., Prime Minister of Canada.

14lh Oct., 1842 •

MAGI

19th Oct., 1832.

MASTER, Captain Richard Thomas, late Grenadier Guards.

i7th July, 1840.

MELANO DE CALCINA, Antoine Laurent, Comte de.

6th Jan., 1864.

nh !lIarch, 1832.

OUTR.DI, Lieut.-General Sir] ames Bart. G.C.B., K.C.S, I.

LA GFORD, The Right Hon. Hercules Langford, 2nd Baron.

,William, LD.D.

9th Sept., 1837.

5th June, 1865.

Lord Prior. 29th January, IS31. lIth

~ov.,

1830.

r6th Feb. r8S. 3 rst

July, 1844.

Legislative

lith Aug., r857.

PLUMRIDGE, Admiral Sir James Hanway, K.C.B., M P. for Falmouth.

12th Dec., 1857.

POPHAM, Admiral Sir Home Riggs, K.C.B., M.P. (received abroad / J(niglzt Commander, 1799/ received tlze Royal Licence to 'Wea1~ tlte insignia at Court, 20th Sept., 1799.)

9th Sept., 1837.

PINHEY, The Hon. Hammett, Council of Canada.

Member of the

DECEASED MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES.

DECEASED MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES. Date of Elfction.

PRINGLE, William.

8th July, 1857.

RAMSAY, Maj .-General James, late Commissary-General of the

8th July, 1857.

Bengal Army. RAMSAY OF BARNTO

& SAUCHIE, Charles Wm. Ramsay.

Date of Election.

TURJ. BULL, Wm. Barclay David Calendarer of State Papers.

Dundas, Barrister-at-Law,

13 th July, 18 59.

VELLA, Luigi, LL.D., Superintendent of the Record Office, Malta.

28th Aug., 18 57.

5th June, 186 5. 20th Aug., 18 55.

WATTS, Vice-Admiral George Edward, C.B., K.C.H., K.R.E., K. Henri the Lion (of Bruns'wick), etc.

18th Jan., r858.

RIARIO-SFORZA, II Generalissimo Il Duca Ludovico di. ROBERT ON OF STRUAN, General George Duncan, Chief of the Clan Donnochie, C.B., Knight of Leopold of Austria.

13lh Jan., 18 34.

WILKIE, Lieut.-Colonel David.

24th June, 1848.

24th June, 1863.

Vv'ILLIA:\1 , Thomas Troughear, Count of the Sacred Palace and of the Lateran, Knight of the superior grade of the Golden . Spur.

20th Aug., [855·

ROBERTSON OF STRUA , George Duncan, Chief of the Clan Donnochie, late Lieut. 42nd Highlanders. ROLPH, Dr. Thomas.

14th Oct .. 1842.

WILMOT, Charles Montagu.

2nd Feb., 1869.

SALIS, Peter John Fane Count de, Count of the Holy Roman Empire, K.R.E., K.H.S., Chev. Leg. Hon. (nceived at Rome 20tlz 71£0 /, 1843-)

12th Dec., 18 57.

WI~THROP,

28th Aug.,. 1857.

SHADWELL, The Right Hon. Sir Lancelot, Vice-Chancellor of England.

22nd July, 1837.

SUA\Y, Lieut.-Col. Claudius, K.S.F.

16th Aug., 1848.

SMITH. Admiral Sir William Sidney, Count Palatine of thc Lateran. Prince Magistral and Regent of the Order of the Temple, G.C.B., G.C.T.S., G.C.S.F., Knight of the Crescent, 1st Class, and of the Golden Militia, M.A., D.C.L., F.R.S., etc. (7'ece£ved in France).

9th Sepl., 18 37.

TACHE, Colonel Sir Etienne Paschal, Knight, Prime Minister of Canada.

18th Jan., 18 58.

THOMPSON, William, Captain 78th Highlanders.

2nd Mach, 1864.

TOCQUEVILLE, Peter Victor, Comte de.

5th March, 1833.

TONKIN, Lieut.-Col. Sir Warwick Hele, K. Leg. Hon. France, Vice-Admiral of Devon (received in tIle Anglo-Bavarian

11th June, 1841.

WUITEHEAD, John, Superior of the Barony of Drem, Scotland.

Langue, 1830). TORPHICHE ,The Right Hon. Robert Sandilands, 11th Baron.

\Alilliam, Consul U.S.A., Malta.

16th April, 1862.

8th July, 18 57.

The Roll 0/ tile 011'der 0/ St. J oluz 0/ Jerusalem Z1Z England 'Was printed in August, I 875, but (/ro71t, unavoidable delay) not zssued: The /ollowz'ng addziions and alterations have occurred or been discovered between the date 0/ printing and the date 0/ Chapter 0/8t1z February, 1876 : 1Ele(tton~+

,..

SIIAFTESBUR Y, The Right Hon. the Earl of, K.G., St. Giles', CranbOztr1k' " 24, Grosvenor Square, TIV,' AthenC8WIl Cbf..b, S. TV, as an H071ora1J' Associate.

13th

Oct., 1875.

be a

13lh

Ocl., 1875.

BRIDGES, Amy (Miss), 16, St. St. George's Square, R egent's Park, as a Donat.

13 lh

Jf1.l1.,

Clzester Place, Hyde Pa11'k

13 th

Jan., 1876.

DAUBENY, Major-General Sir Henry Charles Barnston, K.C.B., 36, Elvaston Place, Queen's Gate, S. W., as a Chevalier of ] ustice.

13 th

Jan., 18 76.

PEARSON, Albert Harford, M.A., B.C.L. (P. Chevalier of ] ustice.

PEARSO.l, Rosetta Mary (Mrs.), Square, ~V, as Lady.

17), to

BURLTON-BENNET, ]. R. (P. 8), care of Delhi and London Bank,

76, King TlVitliam Street, E.C. CROSSE, Mrs. (P. I4), Bermuda. FURLEY, Capt.]. (P. 9), 18, Delamere Street, Upper W~stbO?trlle

Terrace, W.

18 76 .

30 HOARE, Sir E., Bart. (P. 9), 68, D)/kc Road, Brigldoll. Sir E. A. H., Bart., F.S.A., (P.

LECHi\IERE,

10)

13, Bolton

Row , TIV. LECH~1ERE, Lady (P. 14), 13, Bolton Row, W.

MARTI r , Miss E. T. (P. 19), now Mrs ..C. NASOU, Asliford, Kent. O'MALLEY, E. L. (P. 17),

Stanhope Gardens, Queen's Gate,

REPORT OF THE CHAPTER

vv.

ST. GEORGE, Lieut.-General Sir John, K.C.B. (P. I I), Queen's

Gate, should be S.

vv.

WESTO:\, Lieut.-Col. Gould, F.S.A. (P. 12) , 22, Tltztrloe Square,

~i)e

@rbet of jit. 3"{obn of 1erufJaieUl

Soutlt K ensington, S. W., Ullited S ervice Club, Pal! j)/[all.

ttl <!en glalltJ : R EAD

BEATTIE, William (P. IS )·

AND

AO OPT F: J)

.\ T

TIl E

G~~ER \ L

_\ SSE:\I BLY

BEAUCHAMP, The Dowager Countess (P. 20.)

ON ST. ]OI-IN BAPTIST'S DAY, CRAWFORD, William (P. 8).

1876

GIBB, Hugh (P. 9·) PRI GLE, William (P.

16).

HIS

GRACE

THE

DUKE OF MANCHESTER,

SHAW, Colonel Claudius (P. II). FRESIDIN"G _

THO~IPSOK, Captain

Vv. (P.

12 .)

LONDON: IIARRl S0 1 A D SONS, ST. l\TART T TIS LAXE, tlrint crfJ in Orbi nax!) to }6cr ;Waj tll tu· I S76.

-- - ----------------

HAl{R15U N .\ ND 50;\5, Pl{ l NTERS I N OlW I NARV TO H ER

~IAJESTV,

ST.

~l ART I N'5

L ANg.

" 6 ..

.:~

g;g ClD -~

.'-'_.-'~

trurcopolter. Tllj~

Oil1ce js at present Y[H:allt .

110 rtf

l~rior.

HIS GIL\.CI£ \ YILLL\.:JI DROGO, DUKB

l\IAXCITESTEn.

13atlitl Of Eagle.

R E PORT.

The Hiu'ht IIonble. ,Vn.LLuI IIEXR1, DATWX LEIGH. b

<l!onunalltfcr of mallIe» <l!aatle. Sir ED:JIUND A. H . LECIDIERE, Bart., M.P., F.B.A . ~be

<l!OUllctl.

Chapter has the pleasure of submitting to the Generlll Assembly the followiug Report of the prOCee(Ullgs during the pitst year. TITE

PRESIDEsT- Lieut.-General Sir .JOHN ST. GEORGE, K.GD . The Right HonLle. the Earl of GLASUOiY. The Rigllt IIonble. tho Earl of DUDLEY. Ail' EDWARD G . L. P8RROTT, Bart. Sir BROOK KAY, Bart. jIajor-General Sir II. C. B. DAUEEXEY. K.C.B. \J.([. Su rgeon-Major \V. G . N . l\IANLEY, H..A. l\Iajor FRAKCIS DU~CAN, R .A., M.A., LL.D.

Executibe Offic£ra. CHANCELLoR-Lieut.-General Sir .J OIIN ST. GEORGE, ICC n. SEORETARY AND RECEIVER-Bu' E. A. H. LEcnMERE, Dart., l\I.P., F.S .A. ALllIONER-Captaul KNOTTES:FORD-FORTESCUE. REGISTRAR-RIClIA.RD , VOOF, F.S .A., F.R.S .L . GENEALOGIST-The Rev. TnmIAS HUGo, 1I.A., F .S.A., F.H..S L. LIBRARIAN-Lieut.-Colonel GOULD \VESTON, F.S.A. A SSISTAiYT- SECRETARY- Captain HERBERT C. PERROTT. A JIBULAXCE DEPARTMENT- Superintendent : Surgoon-Major :JUAXLEY, V.ct., R.A. IJAXKERS- The

87,ttaTe, S.

London and \V ostminster Bank, 1, St • .James's

TV.

JEWELLER- l\Iessrs. PIIILLIP.', COCkC;PU1'

;..'-;t1'eet, S . n:

C0l11111'1nicatior:s may be addressed to the Secretary of the Order or SL. John, :::It., J Ohll'S Gate, Olerken'llell, Londoll, RO.

The post of Almoner has been held since the month of .July last by Captain Edward F . Knottesfor d-Fortescue, w ho ha' been jnclefatigable Ul his exertion. for p romoting the benefioent obj ects of the Orcler. In consequellce of continued ill-health. Captain Blair has been compelled to resign the Assistant-Secretaryship, and on ;hi.· retirement a Resolution ,vas; unanimouHly eal'l'iet1 exprcssing; the regret of the Chapter, and yoting him its cordial thank:..; fo r the zealous and satil':lfaotory manncr ill which he had perfor111e(1 his duties. Captain Blair, who has been succeel1ec1 as Assistant-Secretary by Captain Herbert C. Pel'l'ott. was subsequently appoiutc(l LiLHLriall. and on his recent resignation of office, the duties of +.he post were undertahen by Lieut.-Colonel Gould ,YestcHl, F.S.A., the secLt on the Council rendered thereby vacant belun' , b accepted Ly :l\1ajor-Genol'al Sir H. C. B. Daubeney, K.C.B. Since the last General AssemLly th e Order bas to lament the removal from amongst us by death of severa] of our Confreres, llitllICl)', the Chel'((l/(,1'S Count Philippe de Chnstelain;

Colonel T. Ander, on; ,Villiam Crawford, l\I.A.; Hugh Gibb; Colonel Olaudius Shaw; Captain ,V. Thomson; \Yilliam Beattie, M.D.; \V. N. Clay; William Pringle; the Baron de Salis-Soglio; the I-Iono1'a?'y Associate, F. W. Hcadland, l.D.; and the Donat, Catherine, Countess Beauchamp. Colonel Claudius Sha,w was one of our oldest and most valued l\Iembers, and his devotion to the interests of our Order and to the cause of humanity was conspicuous to the last moments of his life. H e had been the means of secnrillg for the town of BlU'slem, in the centre of an exten ive Pottery and Colliery district, and the scene of many accidents, one of the fu'st of our Ambulance Litters, and it is owing to his influence, and the careful attention which he bestowed upon all the pro·visions for its proper management, that the Litter has been recognized by the locality as a, valuable means of saying life and diminishing Ruffering. Count Philippe de Chastelain, who had been elected an Honorary Chevalier in recognition of the services rendered by him in connection with the revival of the English Langue, was the last surviving link between our body and the French Langues, to whom he was Secretary. In this capacity he had in his possession many documents of in1 erest and importance relating t o the negotiations which resulted in the formation of the English Langue, and theRe he bequeathed to the Chapter, desiring that they might find a safe repository in our Chancery. Amongst our Honorary Associates, of whom he was one of the first elected, none took a deeper interest in the Order and its Hospitaller objects than Dr. Headland, and his dcath at a comparati vely early age is a loss not only t o the Order, but t() the noble profes"ioll of which h e ,vas so distinguished a Member. The followillg additions have becn made to the Roll:Chpvrt7if?'S of .T1I.·tire-l\Iaj or-Gcucral Slr Henry CharIeR

Barnston Da,ubeney, K.C.B.; Albert Harford Pearson, l\l.A., B,C.L., (promoted from Esquire); and the Earl Ferrel'S. Lady of Justice-Mrs. A. H. Pearson. IIolw?'a?'y Associates-The Earl of Shaftesbury, K.G.; Sm'geon Sandford Mooro, Instructcr, Army Hospital Corps, Alder~hot Ca,mp. Donat-1\1iss Amy Bridg·es. 'rhe use of the Chan cory as an Office haviug been grantecl for a further period to the National and Metropolitan Association for Providing Nurses for the Sick Poor, the Committee of that Society, on removing t.o the Offices in Bloomsbury Square, pas"ed a Resolution cxprossive of its deep sense of the obligation to the Order for the convenience and assistance thus afforded to the progress and transaction of the bu~iuess of the Asso<.;iation. The new Roll, which has been compiled with great lac our aud care by the Registrar, with the strictest attention to cw(·.uracy, has been issued and clistributed to Members. The Chapter has much pleasure in reporting a hanchlome coutributioll ill aid of its philanthropic objects by the Chevalier l\Iajor Fn:mci-s DUl1can, R.A., who Las presented the 01' leI' with fiye nominations for out-patients of the l\Ietropolitan Convalescent Institution. Prior to (;\, temporary abRencc from England for a few months on foreign service, the secretaria.l work of the Ambulance Del artment was al:::;o caniecl 01) by Major Duncan, in conjunction with Surgeoll-l\lajor ,V. G. N. Maulcy, U.(G., R.A., as Mcdical and General Superintendent. The following Report has been forwarded by l\Ir. Mi:tnley, whose lab ours to promotc the efficienc.:y of this bntnch have been so unceasing, that the Chapter considers it a Ht subject for c.:ongratulatioll that it posscsscs the co-operation of an officer a~ distinguished for personal gallantry a ' for l.:XpCriCllcc gained on mallY battle-nelds :-

()

i'Since the last Ganand Asseml>ly, impnrVal1lCllts <1.11tl ., alterations have been made in Nauss's Litter, ulHler the .. direction of the Chapter, whereby its uscfulness for tlw " purposes which the Order has in view, viz., its introductioll " into the mining and colliery districts, and its employment in ,. all large tmvns and cities as a means for conveyance of the "sick and injured, has been yery much increased. The~e "alterations and improvemenh; have been patente<.l, and all " rights as to sn.le and manufacture secured to the Order for ., three years, ending the 23rd of December. 1878. The rights ,. can be extended at the option of the Order for a further " term of eleven years by the payment of certaill fees, ek . " The Litter is pd.tented under the name of the'S t. John ,. Alnbulance ,Yheeled Litter.' As improved, it has been 8ub,. jected to a prolonged trial of foul' months in a part of the " East of London where accidents are of very frequent occur,. ence; and has been reported upon most favourably by the ., authorities under whose direction this trial has been canied "out. From the s:-ttisfaetory reports which the Order has " r eceived, it can with confidence look forward to the Litter " being (;ventually generally adopted throughout the eOlUltry.'1

and comfort many vcry sick and injured persons from the f::lhipf-> freqnenti])g the DOGk.· to the shore, and thence to the Hospitals an<.1 Hotels, and private residenccs, ::md even taking thCln to their bedsides.

The following interesting letter, received a weak or two since from the Secretary and Superintendent of the 80uthampton Dock Company, may be adduced as a further prrJof of the high estimation in which the Litter is held by those who have had practical experience of its merits :-

The Almoner reports that tlle diets of nourishing food, whieh since 1867 have been cooked and issued for the Order by the Sistprs of St. John's House, have b0ell cOlltinued during the past year with the same beneficial results as in former years, In many C8ses, this charity has saved the lives of those who, although (liHChargecl from the hospitals, still required propel' nOHri'hment to enable them to regain their former strength, alld too oftell this nOllrif::lhment is mostly needed 'when the persoll is not in receipt of full wageR, 01' is out of work

SOUTHAMPTON DOCK CO:JIPAXY, DOCK

HousE.

I cOl1f:ddel' the Litter to be cne of the best, a.ud eminently adapted for use at these Docks, and very f~l,r superior to any other we have ever used. I think, however, that the medical appliances which accompany it should be neatly arranged in a tin box) and I have had mille so fitted, that it can be easily lifte(l out aHd pb.ced on the ground for a Surgeon's use, whid1 iN vcry clesiraLle in case of aCGident. The Ambulance Litter is kept at the Dock Gates in charge of the Poljce, and is always uvailal)lc. I am, SIR. Yours faithfull ~,

(Signed)

PHILIP HEDGER, SeC1'etw'y and Supe1'intendent.

To SIR E . A. H . LEcuMERE, Bart., Rhydd UOlU·t., Upton-on-Severll.

Southampton, June 15th, 187G.

I Jlaye very great pleasure in stating that the Ambulance LiU<..:r \\'hi(;h \\Te re<..:eived through the ilJstrumen tality of the" Order of 8t. Jo1m of .Jerusalem" in AllP'lH:lt Jast 1UH; been of tbe gl'catcRt Sl'l'Yil'e jn l'eJlwying,' with great ease

1,2G8 diet orders have been issued since the last General Assem bly at a cost to the Order of £-:1:8 Os. (jid. 45 men and 5V women have reecived these diets; 33 men and 18 WOlllCll who hacl been in-patients of Klng's College IInspita1, an 1 12 mell alld 41 WOlllell (lut-patients of Chnl'illg,' Cross IIospiLlll.

The Hxerage COl:;t of each diet, whi<..:h ha,1:; consisted of the same articles of food as heretofore, has been about 9id., and this small cost testifies to the good and careful management of the Si,ters of St. John's House, who achninister the diets. The Annual Reports of the above-mentioned hORpitals refer in high terms to the value of the diets, for the continued supply of which the respective Councils again express their illdebtedness to the Order. The a sistan0e of the Charity Organization has been obtained to inquire into cases where it ha appeared requisite that investigations shoulll be maclc, and it is hoped tLat this agency will be further cmployed for this purpose ill the future. The Almoner has been requested to serve upon a Committee now being formed to consider ho,v far it will be possible to bring about effectivc cooperation between the different London charities, ~tl1d he has been authorised by the Chapter to represent the Order thercupon.

symbol, the eight-pointeLl <..:ross, for use on tIl<..: litter al:; C\, Trade ~L1l'k, and the necessary arrctngements having been completed, tbe Oreler will be legally entitled to the use of the cross for this pnrpnse, on the appeR-rance of tlJe adyertisement in the official" Trade l\Iarks Gazette." The Ambulance stationed at the Town Hall, Burslem, still continues its career of usefulness in the district, and the Servil1g-Brother, H. Syson, who has relaxed neither in zeal nor efti<..:iency, has fnrnished a tabular statement showing th~ llunlber of cases in which wounded p ersons have been conveyecl when sufferIng from burns, crushed and broken legs, and other injuries, vaTious distances in the Ettor. REPORT OF AlIiDULA rCE STATIO I ED AT THE

In pursuance of the desirable o~iect of causing the knowledge of the institution of silver and bronze medals for the re,va:rd of deeds of heroism in saving life on land to be as widely extended as possible, a thousand copies of a descriptive JJistory therE'of have been printed for distribution in the minin oo' districts among the proprietors of collieries, rail way companies, and others; and a similcu r amphlet respecting the Ambubnce Litter, and its latest improvements, to be circulated in a like mH,nner: i., also in the pre8s. It has lJeen considered adyisable to register our ancieut

IIALL, BURSLEM,

Fol' the Y eaI' ending May 31st, 1876. Patients Conv eyed-

The r ecently instituted "l\Iedd Reward Fund" has been greatly aided by the kindness of the HOll. Commander, Sir Francis Shuckburgh, who, at the instance of the lIon. BailE, Sir Edward Perrott, has obligingly assigned a sum of money for that purpose out of an l..ulappropriatecl balance of a fund ill his hands, for which the Chapter bas voted h1ll the most cordial thanks of the Order.

Tow

;;

Vate.

---

.,;

::..

July 29 Aug.30 Nov. 8

1 1 1

2,j, " 21 Dec.

1 1

Jan. 6 Mal'. 3

1 1

" " "

1 1

From.

To.

E=<

H 2 H 3 - 5

1 Mi.ddleport IIart's Hill In- 3~ firrnary 4 Cobridge . . 3 ::r Lwr. Haddericlge Pitt'Street " IIal't's Hill In- .j, Pitt Street. firmal'Y t Navigation Road John treet Wellington St. Elder Road ~

II 1 II 5

Waterloo Road Dale Hall Swan Square Silvester Street

H H

Broken Leg. Crushed Auk Ie. Bmnt at Colliel·Y·

1 1l. 4

Broken Leg. Dislocated Shouldel'. Broken Leg.

H 5 H 1 H 5 H II

Nature of Hurt.

Keel St, Tunstall 2?:William Street ;H IIart's Hill In- 4t firmary Railway Station. 1 Lwr. Hadderidge 3~'

Waterloo Road Longport Wellington St.

" " 31 "

.,; Cd

" ))

" Dislocated Ankle. Same person. .!. 2

(Signed)

Broken Leg • Crushed by Ma.chinery.

SYSON.

The CommandoI' of the Hanl y Castlo Uommanclery repents ihat tho system of cliets (liHpensecl to convalel:::<..:ing p(1t~(,, \ 1- 1,! fir

the hospital called the \V Gl'cester Dispensary, ha' been sncces fully and bene6cially continued, and a Resolution agajn affirming its great benefits, was voluntarily passed at n meeting of the Executive Committee of the Dispensary on the 25th of January last, and supplemented by another Resolution on the 5th of April followiD g, further acknowledging the grcn,t value of the diets, and expressing high confidence in the impartial manner in which they are distributcd by those members of the Order who undertake that duty. The following is all ::t bstract of the diet books fur the year ending this day : -

In tho month of l\larch last, a report, the first which has appeared for two years, was pnblished from St. J ohn'l:; Honse, Ashford, the Trustees of which are Members of the Order. It is satisfactory to find that during the last year the income of the Hospital was for thc first time equa.l to the expenditure, while the good work performed is hot ouly steadily increasing, but has earllcd the admiration of those best acquainted with the advantages confel'l'ed.

Number

Quarter Enc1ing-

1875. 29th September 25th December 1876. ., 25th Murch ., 2!Lh JUDe

Diets Issued.

of Patieuts.

.. .,

'. ..

., "

-I

27 35 42 29

Cost per Diet.

CZ.

490 567

1 1

l '2

427 357

OlH 1 O}

A new for111 of diploma on vellum has been approved, and a 111.11n1cr of copies having been printed, they arc now in cour, e of distribution to Members who did not receive the old diploma, on election.

Total Cust.

£ s. 21

8 11 9 0

10 10 18 16

9} 3~

A letter has been received from the Chevalier Rupert Kettle, of 1\Ienidale, 'Yolverhamptou, infonning thc Chapter that during the past year he has continued to give on Tuesdays and Thursdays ill each week the St. John's dinllers to such vof the out-patients of the great hospital there as requircd good food. Tickets are given to the l\ledical Officers of the Institution to be by them presented to such nccessitous patients as they may think would be benefited by the dinners. The average is about thirty in ea.eh week. 1\11'. Kettle states that the dinners are good and c[lrefully prcpared, and that ,~hell he is at Menidale some 111e111 bel' of hjs family generally SIts at the table and carves and attellds to the wants of the poor people at dinner. 'Vhat remains of the meal is made up with some additions into diet,' for the vory poor, and if.) at tho rliRposal of the Parish NUn-50 Hnd the Yil-'it(l]'s.

The opening at Brussels of an International Exhi?ition and COllgl'ess -which it must be observed is the first of its kindthe objcct being the display of all the various means and appliances for Saving and Presen-ring Life, has influenced the Chnpter in aniving at the decision that this would be a fitting opportunity for the exhibition of an invention which has been ahoady, and will, it is hoped, prove to still far greater extent, of utility in alleyiating the sU1Terings of humanity, anll in conscquence of tlDs determination the Ambulance Litter has been sent over to Brussels, and will, with the Order's medals for saving life on land, remail1 on view till tho close of the Exhibition. The Chevalier Major C. J. Burgcss (who has been authorized to r eprescnt the Chapter at the openi11g ceremony), lws becn acting as Honorary Secretary of tho English Executive Committee, and several othors of our Members have taken a prominent part in the promotion of objects so <.1escrying of support. Since. last St. John's Day the institution of the OHler's medals has been inaugurated under highly intercsting circum tances by the presentation in N oyemoer la st of silvel' lllc<.1nJs by the Secretary, Sir Edmund Lcchmerc, as r epresenting' the Chapter, Ht '\VhittillgtOll ]Hoclr, to Elijah Hallam

and Frederick Vickers, who "at imminent risk of theil' lives, "saved 'ix of theil' fellow-worlnllen suspenfled in a broken " cage half-way elown the shaft of a coal-pit." The distinction has also been conferred upon Deput:r-Commissary J Ohll S. Young, an officer attached t.o the English Ambulance elm'jng the Siege of Paris, who, with great gallantry and disregard of personal dangel', succeerled in saving the life of a wounded Prussian soldier. H .R.H. the Field-Marshal Commandlng-inChief was pleased to sanction the acc.;eptance of the medal by Mr, Young, who was presented ,vith it at a full dres8 parade at ,Vellington Barracks by H.S, Il. Prince Ed ward of SaxevVeimar; permission being granted him to weal' it in uuiform on the right breast, in accordance with the Queen's Regulations.

The Chapter is confident that the General Assembly will cordially join in a tribute of honoul' to the Secretary, ,the Commander ~ ir Edmund Lecilmere, whose zealous serVIces as regards every subject affecting the prosperit~T of the Order are so uuiversally recognised; aud the e. 'tabhshment of the Medal instituted for the first time in this country as a reward for dauntleRs efforts to save life on land, which has been originated by Sir Edmund Lechmere, has afforded a~ opportunity for presenting him with the Medal stl:nck ~n g~ld together with a suit.able vote on vellum, recorchng hIS beIng the Founder of a decoration which "'Will .,timulate bravery and prompt the best feelings of humanity.

The recent mutiny on board the" Lennie" upon the high seas, and the murder of the captain and other officers of that ship ill cold blood, must be still fresh in the miuds of the public, and the Chapter, after careful consideration of all the cil'cumstances, and influenced also by the remarks of the learned .Judge (Mr. Justice Brett) presidillg over the trial, who expressed his regret that he had no power to confer personal dec.;oratiolls, has felt itself justified in bestowing the silver medal upon the steward, Constant van Hoydonck, through whose courageous determination the murderers were brought to justice, and both life and property were saved. Van Hoydonck having beBn greatly aided in his design by the youth Hem'i Trousselot, the latter has had the bronze medal awarded him; the Chapter considering that though the decoration was instituted for the reward of gallant deeds performed on land, yet in this instance it had the power to make the a ward, inasmuch as a ship sailing under the British flag is invariably regarded in the light of t.he " Queen's dominions." The ribbon selected to be worn with the medal is composed of plain black watered silk, with a small white eight-pointed cross sewn therCUpolli or woven iu the mat.erial.

IIAI\ItI~l)N A~\) SONS. PHIN'I'EHS IN OIlUI"Aln' TO IIER MAJr:~TY . tiT, ~IA1\TI~'ti LA~J::,

NOTES ON THE TRANSPORT OF SIOK AND INJURED PERSONS BY RAILWAY.

A PAPER READ BEFORE

THE KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM IN ENGLAND, AT THEIR

GENERAL ASSEMBLY, ON

ST. JOHN'S DAY, 1876.

By SURGEON SANDFORD MOORE) B.A.) M.B.) F.S.S.) INSTRUCTOR AT TIlE TRAINING SCHOOL OF TIlE ARMY IlOSPITAL CORPS, ALDEl1SHOT CAMP, ONE OF THE HONORARY ASSOCIATES OF THE ORDEll.

LONDON: HARRISON AND SONS, 45 & 46, ST. :MARTIN'S LANE, :1lJrinltrs itt ©.rbimt.r!l1.O'J~ju ,wajclJfll'

1876.

~OTES

I1rn ijttilitafe Jnminnffi. Published by Request of the Ghapte1' of the Orde1' of St. John of Jer'ltsalem.

ON THE TRANSPORT OF SICK AND INJURED PERSONS BY RAILWAY. ~~

OCCUPIED daily with practical matters which concern the transport of sick and wounded soldiers, it occurred to me, on being invited by the Secretary of the Order of St. John of J erusalem, to read a paper at the General Assembly of the Order, that probably a few brief remarks on one form of transport of sick and injured persons, viz., transport on railroads, mi-ght prove to be not wholly devoid of interest to those who, on that occasion, might be found willing to honour me with a hearing. We in England live in a populous land, where epidemics and accidents of all kinds are by no means unfrequent, and where, consequently, the removal of the victims, either to their own homes or to neighbouring hospitals, may not infrequently require part accomplishment by rail. For instance, let me select the one example of railway accidents. I find on reading over the Board of Trade Returns of Railway Accidents in the United Kingdom during the first three months of the present year, that the several railway companies have reported accidents resulting in the death of 315 persons, and in the injury of 1,583. In the same returns 75 collisions are reported as having occlured during that period, or an average of about 25 per month for the whole of the United Kingdom; 9 being collisions between passenger trains, 42 collisions between passenger and goods trains, and 24 collisions between goods trains alone; and, although the victillls of this particular class of accident nearly always require subsequent removal to a distance, be it more 01' less, from the scene of the accident, in special railway carriages suitable for

* I have been requested by the Council of the Royal United Service IllstiLution, to say that a portion of the present paper formed a portion of a LeetlU'e delivered by me at the Institution on the 28th of May last. Through the grenL kindness of the Council I am able to make use of the MSS. for better illustration of the presenL paper. A

their transportation, I believe I am correct in aying that there is not a single railway company in the United Kingdom which has a supply of sick-transport carriages in r eadiness ; n or to my knowledge is there a company which has ever set itself the task of determining what the b est methods are of transporting those who may have sustained injluies on its line. And as an illustration of this state of unpreparedness, allow me to instance the railway accident known as the Kirtlebridge accident, which occurred on the 2nd of S eptemb er, 1872, in the vicinity of Carlisle. I select this particular accident, b ecause a military surgeon, a friend of mine, happen ed to b e a passenger in the train at the time of the accident, and has since given me the following particulars concerning it. It appears that 13 p ersons w ere killed and 16 w ounded, almost all the injuries b eing of the lower extremities, and therefore of such a nature as t o demand transport in the recumbent p osition. My informant states, " that h e directed the w ounded t o b e placed in the fiTst instance, in the waiting-room of the Kirtlebridge station, and then proceed ed to attend to their wounds." The special training of the military surgeon h er e stood him in good st ead. The usual r esources failing, extemp oraneous exp edients had to b e adopted. One lady passenger sacrificed h er clothing, taken from h er portmanteaus, to form a supply of bandages ; h orse-hall' extracted from the cushions and wrapp ed up in linen made pads ; splinters of the broken carriages, splints, while the carriage do ors of the broken carriages, covered with cushions, were utilised as stretchers for the wounded. An advertising board taken down from the wall of the waiting-room was conv erted into a stretcher for one small child, severely injured in the accident. But what more particularly concerns our present subject is the r emaining p ortion of my informant's statement. " All the w ounded," he writes, "were then sent from the place by rail, some t o Dumfries Infirmary, and others to Carlisle, in lugga g e vans;" th'a t is, be it noticed, in carriages not in any way sp ecially adapted for the conveyance of wounded; and which, without sp ecial adaptation, are wholly unsuited for such purp oses, as will be shown further on. To have the b est means of conducting their removal placed at the disp osal of sick and injlu'ed persons on such melancholy occasions as the above, or on other occasions, and so thereby to

dillliuish a large ,tllHnLllt of iJl(liyie1ual sufferiug, ·wil1, I am ,'Ul'(;, be the eal'llcHt (lesir(; or eyer)' lnumUl e p erson; but this encl I am cOllYince(l cannot 1)0 Recurcd without the (1iffusioll of a more o'cneral knowledge of thc fmbject. and it" attendant llifficultieR, ~HUl can at the present moment be said to exist in this country. The transport of sick and injured p er,~Olls by railway. in so far as it r elates to p ersons recluiring transport in the recumbent position (as for the trallRport of those eapa1Jle of ,maintaining the sitting position, no special arrallgemellts requu'e hap to be noticed), is not altogether unattended with difficulty. For our present purpose the carriages to be foulld on British railroads may be chvided, generally speaking, into two groups, yil';., p[tssenger carriages, awl cal'l'iages of the goods class. A scrious difficulty is met ,yith at the first step III undertakillg to fit pas engel' carriages for recumbent patients. On the one hand, ,ye find that they are fmb(livided iuto wholly llistinct and narrow compartments ; while on the other. the doorways are of snch limited dimensions as to make it almoRt impossible to introduce an ordinary stretcher, upporting a sielor injured p ersoD. And although the cal'l'iages of the goods typ e do not present any 0 bj ection on the scor e of either the sizo of the doorway 01' the arnplitude of the interior space fur the ae 'ommodation of even several r ecmnbent patient. still when ,ye come to attempt to utilise goods wagons, a difficulty of another kllld is found to arise, for they are destitute of springs, 01' almost destitute, owing to the slight elasticity of those ,yith which they are provided, 01' other adaptations as will scrvc to break the jars from oscillatory movements) or from the, evcre concussions which are induced from time to time "by accidental irregularities in the joints of the rails, and by other such casualties, particularly when they are only canying so trifling a weight as that of a few men; and it does not r equire a very extensive acqnaintanee with medical science to sec that every cOllcussioll to which sick and disabled occupants arc thus exposed, mnst tell with d eleterious effect in augm nting their fmfferings if not even in actually aggravating the injurl es of thm;e who happen to l) e illjnred. Bcarln 0' in minc1. then, th e difficulties which havc to 1)(h ' ('l1coulltC'rcd ill the ntt('mpt to n(lapt rai1wny caniages of eithel' the paRRcng( 'r or p;()()(lR ('hkR. kO aR t) l'l'lHlvl' them snita 1)10 i llr J

the tnlnsport of sick anel illjured p enmlls. it will 1) 1' found tha t there arc three descriptions of rnilway c[l lTiages 0)1 British lim's e[lpable of being aclaptecl for purp oses of sick transport :_ 1. Inyalid carriages. 2. Second class carriages. 3. Covered wagons of the goods t)1) e. Only one specimen of the fust class-invalid carriages-is in existence in England. It is employed on the arriyal of the Indian troop ships at Portsmouth in conveying invalids r equiring the recumbent posture from Portsmouth to the Royal Victoria Hospital at N etlcy. It is not probable that any number of this class of carriages will ever b e constructed. Saloon sleeping carriages may b e mentioned in the same category, so that n either can b e counted on for general use in the tran 'port of sick and injured persons. The compartments of second class carriages can be adapted for the r eception of stretchers by placing two cross supports np on the opposite seats; the stretchers are then introduce d by the attendants and laid on these. The cross supp orts are made of w ood about 5 ft . Gin. broacl and 1i in. thick; a centre block and two side blocks are nailed on one side, leaving two gaps into which the side pole of each stretcher fit s. The stretchers are thus kept from shifting during tran~it, and a Rpace left b etween the two on which an attendant can sit. Now the door of a second class compartment varies in width ITom 20 "to. 22 in .. ,vhile an ordinary stretcher measures 22 i.n. From this it fo11mvs that second class carriages can only he accepted a. suitable for receiving badly wQunded or sick persons. requiring the recumb ent position when special stretchers other than the ordinary ones are aYailal)le, and in aclcljtion wh en cross supports arc forthcoming. As to goods wagons, their doors being doubl e and wide enough t o admit the passage of any form of stretcher, strotcherR can b e introducerl i.nto them wiihont trouhle 01' risk, so that in order t n adapt tll C'll1 for the purp ose under consideration, means rpquire only to he (le,-ised for lcRRclling the roughness of the han . portnti()ll. "witl)(>11t whie·l1, hmy( ·y(·l'. it Jl1l1Rt h e' distinctly

understood they cannot be accepted as suitable for transport The simpler and more economical the method by which this is accomplished, with prop er consideration for the safety and well-b eing of the sick and injured to be transported, the more suitable of course will it prove itself to be. Various methods have b een practised from time to time in r ecent great wars to lessen the roughness of the transportation. Sometimes the floors of the wagons have b een covered with a thick b ed of straw or leav es, as was the case in the earli er part of the American war of the Reb ellion, and the stretchers holding the wounded then laid on this b ed, but so imp erfect was it found to b e, that it was soon abandoned. On other occasions later on in the same war, and also in Austro- and FrancoPrussian campaigns, upright stanchions provided with indiarubb er rings were inserted b etween the floors and roofs of covered wagons at the proper distance to r eceive the ends of the stretcher poles, and in this way two tiers of stretchers suspended in each wagon. Another plan possessing the appearance of comfort, but which has only b een submitted to exp erimental trial, consists in the employment of spring stretchers, i.e. stretchers made to contain within themsclves the r equisite amount of elasticity so as to obviate the inconveniences r esulting from concussion or vibration. But these and other methods, to which time will not admit of my alluding further, have been objected to on the ground of cost or else complexity. The two simplest and best m ethods

Fig. ] . End section of part of a Goods Wagon fitted on Grund's plan (after Loeffler) .

of transforming goods wagons to hospital use with which I am acquainted, are those of Mr. Grund and Dr. Zavoc1ovsky, the former a Prussian and the latter a Russian gentleman. In Mr. Grund's plan (vide Figs. 1 and 2) three stretchers are

simple, inexpensive and comfortable, and of ready adaptation, and possesses the additional advantage that any sort of stretcher can be used. Foul' hospital railway trains employed by the Bavarians in 1870-71 were fitted up on this principle. The trains made thirty-nine trips, transporting 10,BOO patients. In Dr. Zavodovsky's plan (vide Fig. 3), two cableR an inch thick are suspended across the top of the wagon, and secured to iron hooks that fasten to iron rings 2t in. below the roof of thc wagoll. If hooks and rings are not available, the ropes may be passed through holes bored in the side of the wagon. To each rope is attached a pole of oak, ash or elm, at least 8 ft. long and 2t in. thick. To the poles are attached four cords, with knots arranged that they may support the stretchers on a level. To prevent the swaying of the stretchers the lower ones are fastened to hooks in the floor. The expense of outfit for foul' stretchers is £1 168. The system is therefore simple and inexpensive. Patients are placed in the wagon so arranged in the following manner :-Two robust men lift each stretcher with the patient upon it through the side door of the wagon, and swing them in order to the upper and then to the lower loops of the vertical cords. Having thus placed the patients one above the other, each pail' of stretchers must be seclued to the floor in order that when the wagon is in motion the patients may not sway back and forward and strike against the sides of the wagon. In unloading a reverse proceeding is adopted; the ropes that secure the stretchers to the floor are first loosened, the lower stretchers removed, and then the upper. A British covered goods wagon, fitted on Grund's system, is capable of conveying three persons, 011 Zavodovsky's foul'. The advantage of these two plans over all others is that if the appliances for adaptation are forthcoming, good wagons can be transformed into suitable sick transport carriages in less than ten minutes; and, moreover, these appliances can almost in.. stantaneously be removed if required, thus leaving the interior free again for the transportation of goods, &c. In conclusion, I have to point to the desirableness of railway companies holding in their possession a supply of some such

II Fig. 2. Longitudinal section of the same.

supported on two transverse wooden bars resting on semielliptical springs. The springs are fastened at one end to the flooring to keep the bars stationary, while at the other are rollers to permit the yielding of the springs. The latter are surmounted by clips to receive the cross bars. Two cross beams and four springs constitute the outfit requisite for the reception of three stretchers, and cost £1 16s. This system is

Fig.

Trausverse section of a Goods Wagon fitted on Zavodovsky's plan (after Zavodovsky).

10 appliances for the adaptation of their carriages as sick transport carriages, appliances to which I have alluded in a cursory, and I fear an imperfect manner, and which could be distributed at certain points along their lines ready for use at a moment)s notice; in point of fact I go a step further, and say that it appears to me to be the duty of railway companies, as the carriers of the public, t.o make some such provision. It remains for me to apologise for the imperfections of my brief paper, and to thank you for the kind attention you have given me during its delivery.

IU.JllllS0N AND SO~S, PRINTEIlS IN ORDINARY TO HER IlUJESTY, ST. MARTIN'S LANE.

"THE KINGDOM OF GOD." ~\.

CO;.\fME:\l OIL\TJ ox

SER:h6:0N PREACIIlm (BY TIIE KIND PERMISSION OF Imr. III03T GRACIOUS MAJtSTY) IN 'rITE

OHAPEL ROYAL AT THE SAVOY, ~cforc

tpe <Orher ,Of Saint Jfo~n Df~fent%alnH in C0ngTnnb-, Or SAUlT JOHN BAPTIST'S DAY, 1876.

llY

OSWALD MANGIN HOLDEN, B.C.L. AND M.A'J Ol!' COl1l!U::; CHRISTI COLL];(JE, OX1:0RD;

YIc.m

OF G.HLEY-CU;U·liATIiERTOX, STAFFORDSITIRh; _~~D OXE OF Tl:lL C,ITAPL_UX::; O:F 'rHE ORDER.

PRICE SIXPENCE_

(7lte profits (if allY) zvill be devoted to tIle Hospdalkr work 0/ the 01'ria-.j

" PRO F IDE ."

NOTE. I think it well to counteract a very prevalent misconception by stating here that the Order of Saint John of Jernsolem has no connection whatever with Free Masomy, nor with the various Orders or Degrees "of ChiYolry,» affiliated to the Masonic Body, or conferred solely upon its members.

It is an hisloric fact that the Orelor of

"PRO UTILITATE HOMINUM:"

Saint John never possessed a secret ritual or form of reception, such as prevailed amongst the Knights Templa.r. Full information as to the Statutes, Regulations, Publications, and Work of the

Order may be obtained on application to the Secretary,

SIR E. A. H. LECHl\IERE, BarL, M.P., The Chaucery, St. John's Gate,

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER, LORD PRIOR;

Clerkenwell, Loudoll, E.C.

AND TO THE MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES OF THE ORDER OF SAINT JOHN OF JERUSALEM IN ENGLAND,

THIS SERMON IS MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED.

LUKE

IX.

V E RSE

"And He sent them to P reach the Kingdom of God and to heal the sick."

" The Kingdom of God," though spoken of under various aspects and phases in the New Testam.ent,- sometimes as denoting its visible COl'pOl'ate organism, the Ohurch of Ohrist,-sometimes as signifying the inward acceptance and reign of Ohrist as King in the heart of the individual believer, with the fruits consequent thereon-sometimes as foretelling that full and final victory yet to come, when the kingdoms of this world shall indeed become the Kingdom of our Lord and of His Ohrist,-is yet throughout in its essence, which underlies an?- interpenetrates all these meanings- one and the same- viz.: God present in Ohrist as King, warring against and putting down all manner of evil whether spiritual or physical. Weare too apt to lose sight of the last part of this statement. While we appreciate more or less the spiritual blessings and privileges which we enjoy as citizens of Ohrist's kingdom, and reverence, or profess to reverence, its spiritual laws as coming from Him, we do not look upon the physical laws, by which the health and well-being of all creatures is secured, as Ohrist's laws also. And yet the latter are quite as much His laws as the former. "All power is given unto Him in he~w(-m and in earth." In the beginning "All things were made by Him, and without Him was not anything made that was made." And now from hour to hOlU'r from day to day, we know that He upholdeth all things by the word of His power. He is "the Life," and, as the Life, wages an unceasing warfare against death , and all that leads to death, until that last enemy" shall be utterly destroyed. He came to be " the Saviour of the body" as well as of the soul, and so we find Him quite as much occupied during His earthly ministry in healing the diseases of men's bodies as in instructing their souls. Suint Peter could find no words which better described His life on earth than these, "Who went about doing good and healing all that were oppressed of the Devil;" while the Prophet spake of Him before, when from afar off he saw His glory, that "Himself took our infirmities and bore our sicknesses." And He did this, we may be sure, not merely that His miracles of healing might be a convincing proof of H is divine mission; (C

not merely, either, that by helping men in what <:.hey felt at the time to be th eir most urgent needs- He might lear! them on to listen to Him, and to trust Him, when He spake to them of higher needs, as yet but partially, if at all, raalised. Both these considerationR, we may reverently believe, influenced His conduct- but the main principle which regulated it was to declare and prove Himself to be the Redeemer of the whole man- body and soul- the Deliverer, not only from sin itself- from its present moral tyranny and its future punishment- but from ALL its fruits and consequences, physical as well as spiritual. Christ bids us look forward to the" redemption of our body" from the grasp of death ann the corruption of the grave-to the day of the restitution of all things to to their true and proper use (when "the creature itself also (i.e. the whole creation,) shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God,")- as the only final goal of all our high hopes in Him . He bids us look for, and work to hasten on, the revealing of the (. new heavens and the new earth wherein dwelleth righteousness" -of that thrice blessed time of which it is written, " And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes, and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain; for the former things are passed away." And it is wonderful to see, in the majestic picture of the great judgment, drawn by our Lord Himself, how much stl'f~SS is laid upon the performance, or ~eglect, of the corporal works of mercy-feeding the hungry- giving drink to the thirstyentertaining strangers- clothing the naked-visiting the sick and those in prison. Thus we find that both in the pattern life of Christ which, when formed in the believer, is that Kingdom of God which is" righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Ghost," and also in His future kingdom of glory, the bodz"es, as well as the souls, of men are objects of the highest and most tender consideration. And we see the same truth stamped upon the divine economy of the Church, which is the organic embodiment and visible expression of the Kingdom of God present amongst us. The two great sacraments are typical- the one of bodily cleanliness- the other of restorative food . Moreover, their grace is conveyed to us through the instrumentality of the flesh- indeed our flesh itself shares in that grace- since Baptism ancl the Eucharist are pledges and seals of the resurrection of the body-nay rather spiritual powers securing and imparting it to us through union with the resurrection of Christ, and preserving both body and soul unto everlasting life. Then, again, in the text, we have the mission of the Twelve upon whom, as living foundation stones, the Church was to be built, set forth ill the words " And He sent them to preach the Kingdom of God, and to heal th e

sick." They were t o preach th e Kingdom of God by word, and, in act proclaim its appro ach by h eaHng the sick-as a pr oof and pledge t h at that kingdom, which should hereafter issue in a complete triumph over sin, and the fruits of sin, disease and death, had already begun its glorious work on earth. They were to wrestle with evil in all its shapes, and break the yoke wherewith it had bound the body as well as the soul. And this high and noble mission, thus entrusted to the Twelve, bel ongs to every Christian in his measure and degree. This world is the battle-ground of one gigantic and unceasing conflict between Christ's Kingdom of life, light, purity, goodness and order, and Satan's kingdom of death, darkness, impurity, evil and disorder. ~o\.s Christians, we have taken our side in this conflict, since, at our bapti5m, we were signed with the sign of the cross, in token that hereafter we should not be ashamed to confess the faith of Christ crucified, and manfully to fight under His banner against sin, the world, and the devil; and to continue Christ's f aithful soldiers and servants unto our life's end. Christ has thus sent us, each one of us, to preach the Kingdom of God and to heal the sick. Weare to preach the Kingdom of God-if not by word at any rate by example-shewing forth in our daily lives the beauty of that Kingdom, the blessed fruits which flow from the presence of Christ abiding in the heart as its accepted and honoured King. We are to preach it also by ::;tudying and making known, so far as we can, to the ignorant and the prejudiced, (lod's eternal laws of purity and health, the laws of that physical kingdom which is as truly His as the spiritual Kingdom, We are to heal the sick by applying those laws to ourselves and to others, by ministering with loving hands and tender sympathy to our afflicted brethren, by helping on with om liberal offerings, our unsparing efforts, and our heartfelt prayers, all such noble works as have for their object the alleviation and removal of disease and suffering among us. This mission, this warfare, belongs as I have said to all Ohristians, each III his measure and degree, according to his several abilities and opportunities, but to UH, dear brethren and sisters of the Order of Saint J ohu, it belongs in an especial sensc, W 0 are bound to it by an holy tic, consecrated through the glorious memories of an historic past. Our White Cross- that noble badge, which it is our honour and our privilege to wear-is a visible token. an outward expression, nay a renewed sanction of that mission, :.1"s soldiers of Christ, which we originally received when we were signed with the sign of the cross at our bapti n l , and pledged to fight manfully under Christ's banner against all evil unto our life's last day. It is true that we are called, as it were, to a special part of the field, that the latter part of my text appears more

6 particularly to apply to us, who are distinctly devoted to hospit~ller work-to the care and tendance of the sick, to the mitigation of all manner of bodily suffering. Yet upon our work-as upon that of every Christian organisation-the twofold nature of the Kingdom of God, the twofold character of the Apostolic Commission, must be reflected. Christ sends us " to preach the Kingdom of God and to heal the sick." It is almost needless for me to tell you this, for how can you be taught the truth more plainly, or more beautifully, than by the mottoes of the Order which you know so well, and which pray God may be engraven on all our hearts, " P1'O {ide," " P1'O utilitate hominum." Weare to fight for the faith of Christ by labouring for the benefit and advanta.ge of our fellow-men. We are not to look upon and carry out Oul' work as a mere matter of private liking, or of vague universal philanthropy, still less as a mat.ter which political economy and civil advantage solely commends to our attention. We are to look upon it, and to carry it out, as a charge given us by Christ, to be cheerfully and faithfully performed for Christ and in Christ. Weare to feel that the poor, the sick, the suffering, to whom we are privileged to minister, are the very members of Christ. Weare ever to bear in mind his future generous recognition of Ollr poor efforts, conveyed in those gracious words which He has told us Be will hereafter utter: "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these :My brethren, ye have done it 'nnto Me." We arc to fight against disease and suffering and death as against the enemies of Christ. Weare to fight against ignorance and prejudice in sanitary matters, by circulating and making known the valuable information which we gain from our honorary associates, and which is embodied in the publications of the Order. Weare to fight against dirt and mismanagement in the sick room (through which such countless lives are lost) by helping to provide a supply of properly trained nurses to administer to the poor. Weare to step in with timely aid at that most critical moment in the conflict between life and death-when La patient is discharged, as con-valescent, from the hospital, but requires his shattered and enfeebled frame to be built up ragain and strengthened with regular, wholesome, and properly prepared nourishment. Weare to lessen the agonies of the unfortunate victims ot the terrible accidents which are continually occurring in our collieries, ironworks, and manufactories, by supplying ambulances which shall replace the ill-adapted conveyances, the rough makeshift litters, or the jolting carts, which must otherwise carry them to the hospital or to their homes. (I can speak from the experience of more than seven years' ministry III the mining districts of the sore and pressing

7 need for these ambulances.) We are to form among ourselves the nucleus of a body which may expand itself into v, large and wellofficered organisation for the care of the wounded in any sudden outbreak of war. Weare to seek out and bring before our Order, for recognition and reward, cases of heroism and self-devotion in the preservation of life, when endangered by accident in mines or on land. In all these ways, and in a thousand others, connected with onr individual life and private influence, which it would be impossible to enumerate now, we are manfully to take our part in the work of the Order, in the unceasing conflict against misery, disease, and death. There is one point, however, on which I would crave leave to speak particularly, and that is the visitation of the sick, more especially by the lay members of the Order. You can hardly form an idea of the wondrous effect which a kind look, a cheery word, a friendly smile, a hear,t felt expression of appreciative sympathy from an educated visitor will produce in a home of want and misery. It does, indeed, do good like a medicine-and t.he poor especially prize such things at the hands of those who are not, as it were, professionally bound to visit them. I can never forget the halfastonished pleasure with which such visits, made by members of the Hanley Castle Commandery of the Order, were received and spoken of by the poor in the City of Worcester. It seemed so strnnge to them that people, who might be taking their ease or their pleasure elsewhere, should give up their time to visit them from choice; should seek them out in their poverty-sh'icken homes, sit by their bedsides, and shew by their kind enquiries and suggestions, as well as by the temporal relief administered by the Order, so warm an interest in their welfare and recovery. And when they discover that you do this because you are members of a Christian brotherhood, then believe me, dear brethren and sisters, you preach, and preach most effectually, the Kingdom of God, and at the same time heal the sick-the sick in heart and mind-as wen as the sick in body. I have tried thus briefly to sketch out our work: may God give us all honest and brave hearts to do it. Let us not look upon the Cross which we wear as a mere social distinction, or as a badge of membership in an institution which, when we have subscribed a guinea or so to its funds now and then, has no further claim upon us; but let it be to us a symbol of, an incentive to, an unceasing struggle against sin and ignorance, suffel'ing, disease, and death. Each Chevalier of Saint John should be a leader and a standard bearer, a rallying centre in this great warfare. We do not war against the Saracen, as did our lion-hearted predecessors; but are not the foes massed against us sufficient in power,

8 in number, in destructiveness, to arouse to the full the chivalrous daring of the most gallant spirit? Our Cross is not red as with the blood of the battle field, but snowy white as being borne (if borne aright) in the quiet daily round of a life of purity, usefulness, self-devotion, and selfsacrifice in the cause of Christ for the good of our brethren. To us, with special force, as I have already pointed out, may the words of the text be applied, "He sent them to preach the Kingdom of God and to heal the sick:' He has sent us to do this. Are we doing it? He longs to send others. Will no hearts in England answer to His call ? Many, it is true, who are not connected with us, who may have never even heard of our continued existence as an Order, are doing -the work which we especially claim as our own, and doing it perhaps, in some cases, better than ourselves; still I believe that the esprit de corps, the glorious traditions, the facilities for united corporate action and united prayer, which our grand old Order offers, would be a great gain and help to them. Let us try to draw them to us by acting up to the advantages which we enjoy, by shev6ng the practical use of the spirit of chivalry, even in these latter days, when purified and applied to the noblest objects. And though what was said of the great Saint, whose name is called upon us, that II John did no miracle," be also true of ourselves; yet may we so work that the message which Christ sent to Raint John Baptist, (when he desired a proof that the Kingdom of God was indeed come,) may with all rev erence be adapted to ourselves·, (as proving our real membership in, and work for, that kingdom,) " Go and shew J olm again those things which ye do hear and see : the blind receive their sight, and the lame walk; the lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear; the nead are raised up, and the poor have the gOf:pel preached unto them." We may compass results which would have been to our forefathers as great miracles as any of these, if we diligently study, and faithfully use, the fruits of discoveries which God has granted to the patient search after truth, conducted so unweariedly by men of science, and by the noble profession of medicine which is our best ally. Let us all, then, labour in prayers and offerings and manful efforts for the increased and extended usefulness of our ancient Oruer, working heart and soul Ie P1'O fide," "pro utilitate Iwrnimtrn," each in his own appointed sphere, be it little or great, doing his honest best to accomplish his part in that glorious work, which Christ our Lord entrusted to the Twelve, and, in them, to His Church throughout all ages, when " He sent them to preach the Kingdom of God and to heal the sick."

AMBULANCE LITTERS FOR THE

CONVEYA.NCE OF THE SICK A.ND INJURED.

\II ~7b~

BEING A DESORIPTION OF THE

"ST. JOHN" AMBULANCE WHEELED LITTER,

INTRODUOED AND PATENTED BY

THE ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF

JERUSALE~I

IN ENGLAND.

PHI 'l'ED BY ORDER OF 'l'JlE CHAPTER. 1876.

ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM. THE "ST. JOHN" ATh1BULANCE WHEELED LITTER.

THE want of some organisation for the aid of sufferers by accidents, &c. -which are of frequent occurrence, especially in the mining and colliery districts-has long been felt. The members of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, desirous of carrying out their motto P?'O utiZitate h01ni'ltum, l1ave had uuder their consideration some means of remedying this want. It occurred to them that the introduction of a light ambulance litter, for the removal of persons who were injured by accidents, would tend very much to alleviate their sufferillgs . The Order of St. J o11n can recommend their ambulance litters for use in all place -country parishes, villages, towns, hospitals, mining districts, &c. j for even the smallest village may have need of one at times for the transport of an inhabitant, and the trifling cost is well rewarded by the great benefit acquired. In the mining and colliery districts, where accidents are frequent, these Jitters will be of the greatest use) and the benefit which they confer has already becn tested on several occasions by one which has been stationed at Burslem. Several medical men and others have testified of its usefulness. The following extracts are taken from a few of the letters which have been received : -

John Alcock, Esq., Surgeon of the North Staffordshire Infirmary, Burslem, writes : (( I have much pleasure in stating that I saw the ambulance made use of the other day ill conveying a patient suffering from compound fracture of the leg to his own home, and that I was much struck with its efficiency and sim plici ty . 'l'he man also statcd that he was carried from the scene of the accident without suffering the least pain." J. M. Taylor, }i]sq., L.R.C.P. London, Burslem, writes : "I am very glad to be able to speak favourably of the ambulance litter which, through the benevolence of the Order of St. John) has been introduced iuto this town. Of the efficieucy of the litter there can be no doubt, and in a place like this, where the Infirmary is some miles away, its usefulness is very great." J. W. Powell, Esq., Clerk to the Local Board of Health, Burslem) writes : "In my annuall'eport to the Board I refer to the fact of their having

accepted the charge of the ambulance litter, and state that it has already dOlle good service by alleviating suffering in a number of cases of accident."

The following printed paper of plain directions is sent out wi~h each litter, aHd also (( Directions which will be found useful to carry out m the case of a,n Injured PerSOll before Surgical Aid is procured)):-

James Latham, a patient who was conveyed in an ambulance, writes :(( I am happy to say that I was never more comfortably carried than I was in your ambulance from Burslem) when r had my leg broken last June. I never felt any pain. It was as easy to me as if I had been in bed.)) But it is not only in mining and colliery districts that the members of the OrdeI of St. J oha hope to see their ambulances introduced. In alllal'ge towns) wh ere street accidents are common) al\d building is going on) they will be found most useful. Also in every establishment ill which many persons are employed) and in which either the nature of the occupation followed or of the machinery in use entails risk of accidents and injuries, there might be an ambulance provided for dealing efficiently with these casualties when they may h:tppen. Even in rural districts) ""here accidents are less frequellt, an ambulance could be stationed at some central place to convey any who might meet with accidents to the nearest hospital or to their homes; thus spa,ring injured persons an immense aggravation of the suffering usually experienced at such times by the manner of remova,l ]lOW employed. From the facility with which the litter can be thoroughly disinfected, it is peculiarly ,yell adapted for the conveyance of those suffering from conta,gious and infectious diseases . Thus the Order of St. John trust that in course of time these ambulances will come into general use throughout the country. They can bc su pplicd by the Order at £.15 each) but no pecuniary advanta,ge is derivecl from their sale; the sole object the Order has in view is to make more generally known, and to bring into more general use, so inexpensive a, means of diminishing suffering. After the fir t cost the expense is very smalL Nothing " ,ould be required beyond the trifling cost of occasional re-painting, a,ncl repair if damagecl . rfhe litter should be placed in charge of some trustworthy person, who would sec that it 'YaS safely housed and kept in good order, always ready for use. It would be well for this person to be thoroughly conversant with its construction, and to know how to use it without delay ill allY case when it mi ght be required. r

In addition to the tes6mony of the usefulness of the ambulances previously given) the following has been received : Extract from a (( Report on the removal of persons sufferin g from infectious c1i eases,)) by ,V m. lIarc1wicke, :U.D.) corOller for Middlesex : (( I am of opinion that the best vehicle yet known for the removal of sick and injured persons is that iutroduced by the English Branch of the Order of St. John of Jel'Llsalem , invented by :Mr. Neus3, of Berlin . It runs on Lwo "wheels, combines aU the aclvantages of a litter and a carriage) may be enclosed, and an attendant can accompa,ny the occupant. These vehicles can be taken to houses) up ta,irs, and into bedrooms for the patient) which is all immellse mhantage."

DIREcrrrONS FOR THE USE OF THE WHEELED LITTER.

It. is necessary that the person in charge of the ~heeledlitter should ma~e himself thoroughly acquainted with every p~rt of It, n?t ?n~y as regards Its mechanism , but also with the different . matel'lals of wInch It IS composed ; so , that it may be always perfectly effiCIent and ready for use at a moment s notice. ,Yhen called to an accident or case of sickness he is to proceed with the utmost despatch) and to allow not!ling to dela~ him. On returnin.g with t}1e sick 01' injurcd person to the ho lntal, or to hIS or her home, he IS to mallltuin a, steady and even pace, carefully picking out the most even part of the road, and neither to let the litter be tilted up or down, nor to stop or go on sudJeJlly. . . ' In the event of two or more helpers bell1g avaIlable, they are m every particnlar to be under the orders of the person in charge, and strictly to carry out his instructions a,nd commands . The person in charge will ha,ve the care of the surgical equipment of the hUer, and be responsible that all the a,rticles of it a,re present and in good condition . All expenditure of materials is to be replaced without delay . PZacing the LitteJ'. -'Yhen an injured person has to be. placed on the litter the stretcher is to be deta,ched from the frame and carned as close as possible to hilll-'-that is, the foot of the s~retcher. close to the pat~e~t's .hea~) and the whole stretcher in a line with hun; as 111 any other pOSItIon It Wlll interferc with the movements of those lifting him, and ca,rrying him on to it. To place a Penon on the LitteJ'.-As soon as possible after the injury has been attended to by the surgeon, thc patient is to be placed upou the stretcher. For this purpose three bearers, in addition to the man in charg~, are reqnired. 'l'hey are severally to be numbered I, 2, 3. When allIS ready) No .1 \Yill give the 'I'ord (( :Fall in." At this comm~nd Nos. 2 ann 3 takc up a position OIl oppositc sides of the patient near Ins haullch bOlles facing each other, and No.1 nea,r Lo) and facing the injnrec1_part. No.1 now o·i ves the "word (( Ready.J) At this all stoop down, Nos. 2 and 3 gradL1~lly get each one halld under the back of the patient near the should erblades and lock them, the other ha,nds beiug passed) and clasped under the upper part of his thighs, as close a possible to the lower part of his body, while No.1 supports alld gives hi undivided attention to the injured part, placing his hands in such a, position as to insure it being lifted with the least possible movcment. The wOl'll (( Lift" follows . At tilis word all Lhe three bearers) lmvillg secured a, firm grilsp allLl acLiug together, slmvly 1'i e from the StOOpillg posture, and bringing their knees together stand up. As soon as the erect position is gained, the word (( 1\1arch" is givcll, when the.v will slowly and steadily carry the patieut unLi! he is exactly ovcr his place .on the stretcher-that is, with his head directly over the pillow on which It is to rest. At this point the order (( Halt" is given, followed by (( Ready," at ,,,hich the bearers are to stop aud get into a position in which they can lmyer the patient. '1'he word (( Down" being then given, the pa,Lient is ca,refully lowered and del)Osited upon the stretcher, each bearer at the s~me time

First all constrictions caused by clothing are to be removed-that is) his necktie 'is to be undone, the collar of his shirt, his braces,. waistcoat, also the band of his trousers unbuttoned, and, if he wears one, hIS belt unbuckled. Should there be great shock to the system or . faintness, so~e bran~y about. a tablespoonful, mixed with the same q~anhty of.water-Is to. be gIven, not all at once, but by degrees j so as to avoId coughmg or ?hokmg. For this purpose the pati~nt's body is. not. to be lifted, but ~ hand l~ to be placed under the back of hlS head, whICh IS thus to be sl.lghtly raIsed, but only sufficient to enable him to swallow. Shoulc1 the faltltness or shock con. tinue, the same quantity may be repeated in ten minutes. The place of injury is next to be sought .for, and the c~othmg r~moved from off it. Should there be no break of skm, but great pam comrlamed. of, if it is in the body, such support as i~ at hand may be so pl~ced WIth ~ VIew to relieve it. If it be in any of the hmbs, and at the s~me tI:ne there IS loss of power to move them, it. is likely that a fracture or d:slocatlOn ?f. some of the bones or joints may have taken place. The hOTlzontal posItIOn. must therefore be strictly maintained, and the injured parts kept as qUIet as possible until the arrival of the surgeo~.. Should, however, there be ~acera tion or other wound of the soft parts, It IS to be left exposed to the ~ll', and should bleeding be taking place, the thumb of one of the bystande~'s IS to be placed in the wound over the points, as well as can b~ as~ertame~, from which the blood is coming, and firm pressure kept up untIl skllled asslst~nce is procured. Should the thumb not be sufficient to control the bleedmg, one or more of the fingers, or the thumbs of one or more persons, may be used in addition. When the wound from which the bleeding is taking place is in any.of the limbs the limb should be raised above the level of the body, except m the case ~f fracture when it had better be aHowed to remain horizontal j as unskilled raising or lifting a fractured limb would. be v~ry' likely ~o increase the injury. Under no circumstances, however, IS an ll1Jured lImb to be allowed to hang down below the line of the body.

dropping slowly into the stooping position. The stretcher is then .to be lifted into position on the frame, and fastened by means of the hmged fixtures. In removing a patieut from off the stretcher the same orders are to be carried out j the patient being removed feet foremost. When a bone is broken the patient is not to be placed on the stretcher in the absence of the surgeon without first applying the splints to the broken limb. Neglect of this rule may couvert a silllVle fracture into a compound one. In proceeding to the hospital or the patient's hom~, the litter is always ~o be wheeled with the foot foremost, and when practICable the bearers WIll always accompany it for the purpose of lifting the patient off itJ one of them taking his position between the foot handles, to assist the man in charge in wheeling it. When the litter has been used for the conveyance of infectious or COlltagious cases-as scarlatina, measles, small-pox, fever, or r,holera-it is to be disinfected immediately afterwards. For this purpose either of the following may be used : Wit!" O!"Zorine Gas. ozs.

Common salt .... ,............. ... .............................. . .. Oxide of manganese (in powder) . . . ... ... . . . . . . ... . . . .•. ... . . . ... Sulphuric acid ............... ....................................... V\i ater ........ , ...... '" . .. . .. .. . ... ... .. . . .. ... ... .. . . . . . .. ... .. . ...

4 1 1 2

The water and acid to be mixed together and then poured over the ingredients in a c1elf basin which should be placed in a pipkin of hot sand.

Wit!" Nitrous Acid Gas. ozs.

Copper Shavings ............ . .... .............................. ~ Nitric Acid ..................................................... I~ Water ...... '" ............ '" .................. ........ . ........ Ii Pour the acid and the water upon the copper in a small jar.

N.B.-It is not recommended that the tourniquet be applied by anyone who has not knowledge of anatomy e~ough to. know t.he course of the principal arteries j as this instrument applIed unskllfully WIll do more harm than good. Bleecling,-Bleeding is of two kinds, arterial and venous, a~d may be .distinO'uished the one from the other bv that from an artery bemg of a bnght reef colour and spnrting out in a jerking stream or jet-the size and force of which will of course depend on the size of the artery wounded. That from a veill is of a dark colour, and comes away in a stream without any jerk. Bums and Scalcls.-In the case of burns and scalds some lint is to be saturated with the carron oil and immediately applied to the burnt or scalded surface, the greatest care being taken in removing the clothing that the injured surface is not exposed to the air, or allY skin rubbed off or removec1 j also over the lint cotton wool is to be placed, so that the whole of the burnt or scalded surface may be covered by it, and the air as much as possible excluded.

Witlz, SuZp!6U1'ic Acid Gas. Burn two ounces of sulphur in a pipkin. All doors and windows and other openings in the room to be closed before commencing the fumigation. The operator will leave the room immediately the process has commenced. At the expiration of from two to th\'ee hoUl's all doors and windows to be thrown open and free ventilation established, or the litter placed in the open air.

DIRECTIONS WHICH IT ,YILL BE USEFUL TO CARRY ourr Ir rrIlE CASE O~1 AN INJURED PERSON BEFORE SUHGICAL AID IS PROCURED. 1m mediately on the receipt of any illj ury the patient is to be carried to the nearest cOllvellient spot) and laid horizontally 011 his back. The distance he is thus to be carried should be as short as possible; for the nature alld extent of the injury which has been sustained not being as yet ascertained, carrying for a long di~tance by untrained bearers will be very likely to complicate or render it more severe. On the patient being laid in the horizontal position, the mode of procedure should be as follows;-

In carrying out the above instru~tion.s there is to be ll? hurry, excitemen.t, or unnecessary talking, but everytlung IS to be done qUIetly, gently, and m order.

1'he following illustrations, and the description qf the (( St. John" two1J!heeZed ~mbzb~ance litters, wilt be f02md 'lbsfjflbZ to those who take an

DESCRIPTION OF THE "ST. JOHN" TWO· WHEELED LITTERS.

u~te]'est 21~ th~s s2b~ject.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE "ST. JOHN" TvVO- vVIIEELED AMBULANCE LITTERS.

EARLY in the course of the war of 1864, between Germany and Denmark, the Prussian J ohanniter Orden (Knights of St. J olm) had some two-wheeled hand litters constructed at the factory of the :Messrs. N euss, Government carriage builders at Berlin. These carriages were constantly employed in the service of the Prussian wounded throughout the ,"'lar j but their practical advantages were particularly noticed at the time of the storming of the forts of Diippel. As this was the first occasion on which wheeled carriages, moved by hand labour, were systematically employed during the active operations of warfare, a special interest is attached to them. Neuss's conveyance has been patented, and so altered by the Order of St. J olm in Eng1and as to render it apphcable for the requirements of the police, and well adapted for the conveyance of the sick and injured in town and country. It has also been introduced by the Order into the mining and colliery districts, where it is high1y approved of. It cOllsists of a litter partly made of wood, canvass, and iron, Tbe canvass is stretched between two side p01es placed upon an iron frame This frame rests upon springs from which the stretcher can be cletached. and two iron legs. The springs are supported on two wheels, on which, when the lilter is in motioll, the whole weight rests. The side poles are provided with handles at both ends. One man, on grasping two of the handles at either end, can wheel the machine, either by pushing it from behind, or by drawing it from the front. The wheels are constructed on a peculiar plan, with a view to obtain the greatest amoLlnt of strength with lightness j for each nave is of unusual length, and the spokes, twelvc in number, radiating from it to the circumference are alternately inclined in opposite directions, so as to cross each other at very acute angles, and distribute support evenly from whatever side pressure may be principally exerted. )\1 eans arc provided to support the litter firmly when at rest, and in the absence of an attendant. These means consist of a prop behind and the two legs of the frame in front. The front legs alone in conjunction with the wheels forll1 a sufficient1y stable support for the conveyance j the hinder prop, when let down and fixed with the side hook, rendc1's the litter immoveable. 'rhe litter when resting on the wheels and legs has an inclination given to it from the head downwards towards the feet, by which the ingress and egress of a patient is greatly facilitated. Considerable attention has been paid in the design of this litter to secure an easy and steady position for a patient while being transported in it. The patient docs noL lie in a completc1y horizontal posture j his head and back are somewhat raised, and inclined at an angle with the pelvis and thighs. The head of the patient rests upon a pillow covered with glazed cloth or leatherj the hack, pelvis, thighs, and legs upon a flexible support of painted sailcloth. There are two pa(lded supports for the anTIS allCl elbows of the patient. A folding sailcloth hood is fixed to the upper end of the carriage, and can be drawn over the head and shoulders of the patient, so as to form a sun-shade or protectioll against rain, without interfering with the free access of air. A cover of sailcloth is also rolled up, and fastened by two strap at the foot of the littfl'. This coverillg, when unrolled, can be drawn up so as to lie uncler 2

10 the upper edge of the expanded hooel, and be fastened to the upper ~al't of it. By these means the patient, during transport, cau be protected agamst dust or inclement weather on every side. Under the part which is made to support the head and shoulders of the patient there is a wooden receptacle capable of carrying refreshments, bandages, 01' other parcels, 01' of receiving any articles belonging to the injl1l'ed man who may have to be transported to the hospital. This receptacle has a wooden door, ecured by a button. To facilitate the litter being carried up- tail's) into the wards of all hospital, 01' inLo the llanow alleys of a town, the stretcher is made to be easily detached from the iron frame. When so detached it is k ept off the ground by fom short iron legs, which are fixed to the side poles at the head and foot. The arrangemellt [01' fixing or detaching the stretcher to or from the frame consists of three iron-hinged fixtures-one on eiLlH~r side, where tho frame is fixed to the springs, and one on the centre of the foot-piece of the framc. These are made with a hole in each of thcm through which a button fixed into the side poles and the cros~-piece of the foot of the streLcher is made to pass, and on being turned fixes the stretcher firmly to the frame. rl'o detach the stretcher, the ouly thing required is to tlU'll the buttons, pull outwards the hinged fixtures, and 11ft the stretcher. The stretcher drops into its place on the frame without difficulty; and to render this easy in the dark, or at night, white bands have been painted on the side poles, foot cross-piece, and on the frame) on either side of the hinged fixtures. To l'estr8in the violent, straps are fixed to the sides-one pail' for the feet, one pair for the legs) one pail' for the chest, and a pall' on each of the iron side bars having a certain degree of movement to confine the wrists. The canvass floor of the stretcher is strengthened by bands of webbing, and is waterproofecl by being painted with boiled oil and white paint. The legs of the frame are strengthened by iron stays. The hinder prop, whell the litter is in motion, is drawn up and fixed by a strap and button to the head cross-piece of the stretcher. A small length of rope) or leather strap) ,,,ith au iron ring at each end, may be usefully employecl when, in going over rough ground, the litter has to be occasionally carried. The rope is then put over tho shoulders, and the rings passed. over the two hooks of the liti6r, thus relieving the hands of parL of the weIght. It· may be also used) if necessary, to assist iu drawing the litter from the front. The weight of the litter complete) as thus described, is :_ lbs.

Stretcher and frame together ..................... 149 Stretcher detached from frame..................... 70k

:J(: * All communicaLions and enquiries respecting Lhc "St. John Ambulances" * be addressed toshould W. G. r. MANLEY, Esq., 'F~,

SltlJe1'intendent of Ambulance Department, or Lo

SIR

EDMUND LECHMERE,

BART.,

SeC?'etary oj Ute Order oj St. Jolt?b, St. John's Gate, Ulel'kenwcll, London, E.C. rrhe ambulances may be inspccted aL "Messrs. "Mc aughL and Smitrb's, .ih~ AO'euts for the Order of SL. Joh11, 45 Park Lane, London, anu aL the rythlllg, b Worcester.

:::;UH,GIUAL EQUIPMENT FOl" AN AMBULANCE. £

lIb. of lint ............................................ . i lb. of cotton wool ............ "." ..... ........... ,.. lIb. of surgeon's tow ... .... .............. .... .. ... .. . 3 unbleached calico rollers .... ..... ......... ... .... .. 3 Esmark's triangular bandages ... ... .. .......... .. 1 packet of pins ...................................... . 1 piece of b:'oad ta.pe ....................... . 1 strong pall' of SClssors .... ": ....................... . i yd. of adhesive plaster, m tm case .............. . 1 screw tourniquet .. , ...... .... : ............ , .. . 1 set of Moffat's battle-field splmts .......... .. 1 bottle of calTon oil, 20 ozs. . ........... : ......... .. Brandy, in a soda water bottle, covered WIth leather Total ......

O. 2 6 013 o 0 10 016 016 006 009 020 010 050 o 10 6 000 000 1

7 4

.. if u '··1 b t with the ambulance at the above cost. The carron N OTE.-These l'elql~:sltc~ c~nl 'd a.tetshITd·d~SLi~:~on of' the ambulance, to save l'isk of breakage. oil and brandy COll C ue provlc e

BRIEF ACCOUNT

ADDENDUM.

OF THE

ORD"ER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM: SOUTHAMPTON DOCK COMPANY,

IN ENGLAND.

DOCK HOUSE, SOUTHAMPTON, 15TH JUNE, 1876.

SIR,

I have very great pleasure in statillg that the ambulance litter, which we received through the instrumentality of the (( Order of St. J olm of Jerusalem " in August last, has been of the greatest service in removing with great ease and comfort many very sick and injured per ons from the ships frequenting the docks to the shore, and thence to the hospitals, hotels, and private residences, and even taking them to their bedside. I consider the litter to be one of the best, and eminently adaptrd for use at these d.ocks, and very far superior to any other we have useu.. I think, however, ~bat t~le medical appliances w]lich accompany it should be neatly ~rranged 111 a tm box, and I have had mine so fittec1 that it can be easily lIfted out and placed on the gl'oun<l for a surgeon's use-which is vcry c1esirable in cases of accident. The ambulance litter is kept at the dock gates in charge of the police) and is always available.

1 am, Sir, Yours faithfully. (Signed) Sir E. A. H. Lechmere, Bart., Rhyc1u Court, Upton-on-Severn.

PHILIP HEDGER, Sec"eta?'Y and Sups1·intendent.

This Oruer was founded nbout the year 1092, for the maintenance of an hospital at Jerusalem; and, subsequently, the defence of Christian pilgrims on their journeys to and from the Holy Land. It afterwaru.s became a knightly institution; but ever preserved its hospitals, and cherished the duty of alleviating ickness and sufferillg. The Order was first planted in England in the ~Tear 1100, and raised the noble structure which once formec1 the Priory of Clerkenwell, of which the gateway now alone remains to attest the importance of the chief house of the Order in England. The Order held high place in thi country until the year 1540, 'iV hen it was c1espoiled, up pressed, and its property confiscated by Act of Parliament. In 1557 it was restored by Royal Charter, and much of its posses~ions re-granted ; but only to be again confiscated within the subsequent two years by a. second statute, which did not, however, enact the re-su ppl'ession of the fraternity. Still, with the 10 s of possessions, and the withdrawal of most of its members to Malta-then the sovereign seat of the Order-it became practically dormant in England. :Uany fluctuations have marked the fortunes of an institution which played a prominent part in most of the great events of Europe, unt.il it supreme disaster in the loss of :Ualta) in 1798; after which the surviving division. of the Order had each to perpetuate an independent existence, and to mark out the course of its own future. It is now nearly half a century ago that a majority of five of the seven then existing remnants of the institution decreed the revival of the timehonoured branch of the Order in England; since which event it has, so far as means permitted, pursued) in spirit, the original purposes of its foundation-the alleviation of the sick and suffering of the human race. The following are some of the objects which luwe engaged the attention of the Order:Providing convalescent patients of hospitals (without distinction of cl'eed) with such l10urishing diets as are medically ordered; so as to aid t.heir return, at. the earliest possible time, to the business of life and the upport of their families. The (original) institution in England of what is now known as the ((National Society for Aid to Sick and Wounded in War."

2 The foundation and maintenance of UoLLagc Hospitals and Convalescent Homes. Providing the means anu opportunities for local training of llurses for the sick poor j and the present foundation of the Metropolitan and National Society for training and supplying such nurses. The promotion of a more intimate acquaintance with the wants of the poor in time of sickness. The establishment of ambulance station, not only in the colliery and mining districts, but in all the large railway and other public departments and towns) as a means of preventing much aggravation of human suffering in cases of accidents and in the transport of the sick. The award of silver and bronze medals, and certificates of honour) for special services on land in the cause of humanity. The Order of St. John has no connection wlJatever with any of the numerous associations or fraternities now existing for benevolent 01' other purposes, whether similar or not in name j nor is it allied with any sect or party of anyone religious denomination, but is thoroughly universalembracing amongst its members and associates those who) in the spirit of our Divine Master) are willing to devote a portion of their time or their meanR to the help of the sulfering and the sick. TIIE CHANCERY,

ST.

JOHN'S GATE, CLERKENWELL,

St. John's Day, 1875.

THE

HISTORY OF

~EAG]~E, IN TIlE

OOUNTY OF

LINOOLN,

A COnlMANDERY OF THE KNIGHTS HOSPITALLERS

OF ST. JOHN OF JERUS ALEM.

READ AT THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE ORDER, ON ST. JOHN BA.PTIST'S DAY, 1876.

THOMAS HUGO, M.A., F.R.S.L., F.S.A., &0., V1're- P res£dent of the L ondon and lJfiddlese.x Ar'clzreological S odety ; H on. F ellow ~f th e R oyal Genealogical Society ; 11011,. file1nbe1' of the Ken t, the Some1'setshi1'e, and the SU1'1'ey A 1·chreolo,eJ1.'cal ;,:. ocieties ; R ecto I' of West H ackney ; one of the B )'oth er Chaplains of the 0 1'der, &c., <fc., &c.

LONDON: IT ARRI. ON AND SONS, ST, MARTIN'S LANE, ~lrilltcriJ

187G.

THE HISTORY OF EAGLE.

0. the road £:Olll Lincoln to Newark, and at nearly eight miles south of the high ground on which Rtnnc1s one of the grandest and most glorious of our El1glish Cathedrals, the traveller anives at tLe base of a hill of no great el0vatioll, the Sllmmit of which is marked by a long row of hOl1,- es, sharply outlined against the sky, of an equally lUlpretending character Humble indeed is the present appearance of the place, and with little 01' nothing to recommellcl it. Disappointing also to a stranger, who may have expected to find, on the site of one of the most wealthy and important of the estates successively belonging to the Temple and the Hospital, some relics of its ancient glories. The scene in very truth has nothing to indicate that the memberR of a powerful community had here a centre of life and action. The houses are small and poor, apparently of the ]Jl'esent age, built of coarse brick and roofed with tile, with few redeeming featlu'es of floral or horticultural ornament, and Reemingly the abodes of a population as unpromising in an respects as their residences themselves. Such il3 the uninteresting aspect of the once cclebrated Eagle in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. As you mount the hin the country opens, The higher or table land is soon traversed, and a very lovely landscape is at YOlli' feet. The broad and rapid Trent is at no great distance in front, and Newark spire still further to the south, wlile on the west is Harby, or Herdeby, the scene of the death of Queen Elea,nor, wife of our first Edward, where a chantry wa founded for t.he repose of her soul by the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln, 12 Kal. June, 1293,* and from whence the funereal procession "" Reg. Will. Smyth, Ep. Line. f. exlix. A

went forward, its daily progL'ess marked by the solemn memorials of the transitory presence of her remains. till the Abbey of \Vestmin.'ter received them to the noble fellowship of death within its venE'rable walls. The Chu1'ehes also of Clifton and North Scarle are visible in the same direction. On the east is Javenby, within the bounds of which parish is Temple Bruer, another noble estatE' of our Order. And further on the same side, to mention things and matters of more modern interest, facing Eagle, with a valley between them, perhaps six miles eli tant, but not lookillg so much, is Coleby, appropriated to Oriel Co]]ege, Oxford * its spire vi ible among the trees, of -which the good and truly Reverend T. T. Penrose was Vicar, the friend of the Author of " The Clz?'i.stian Year ;" and where an old woman was llOt long since living -who remembered John ,Vesley pl'eachillg in the open air in his Academical gown, and going into Church when the bell rang for Service. Outside t.he houses, and on the very shoulder of the hill commanding the view whose most noticeable features I have endeavoured to particularize, stands the Church. Although my memoir is intended to illustrate the history of the Uomrnandery rather than the pa.rish, I have a Rpecial purpose in drawing attention to this edifice. It is dedicated to All Saints. The situation is admirable, and that is nearly all the praise that can be truthfully given to it. It consists of a ehancel, a nave with north aisle, a west tower, and a south porch. The chaneel is modern, with a general resemblance to the houses already described in its neighbourlood, built of brick and roofed with red tiles, with a large round-headed window, in which some frightful specimens of modern stained g]8SS are badly conspicuous. The roof of the nave also is modern, but appears to be of the ancient pitch. Much of the walls of 1he nave is old, but patched and broken in multitudes of places. Two mutilated windows remain in the south wall, very deeply splayed in the ll18id e. A third window in the same wall is modern, and, like that in the chancel, is large, broad, and round-headed, with glazing to cOl'l'espond. A great part of the ancient porch remallls, with a roof of red tile, and an entrance of two doors meeting in the middle like those of a cart-shed. The towel' is of good height

and size, and is by far the most interesting feature of the "vhole. It is of three stages, with a low but not level roof, from the centre of which rises a small spire-though hardly deserving of the name-surmOUll ted by a vane. I shoulcl have pronounced without the slightest hesitation this tower to be aneient, but for the adverse opinion of some brother arcLceologists, to whose judgment all 1'espect is due, who have doubts on the matter from the presence of some pieces of sculptured stone lllsortecl as ornaments in the walls. This feature, however, may have been easily added by modern hands, and yet a great part of the structure itself be original. The upper stage has on each of the foul' -·ides a small winclow of two lights, with what I imagine to have been an opening in the head above them which is now fil1ed up. I believe t.h is tower to be of the Early Deco?'atecl period of English architecture. And it is in good conclitio~l. ,Ve will now pasA through the cart-shed doors to the interior of the Church. If the outside were indicative of ignorance and long neglect on the part of its legitimate protectors, the inside is even more declaratory of the shameful fact. After a conside1'able experience of such sights, I do not remember one in any shire of England more utterly horrible, odjous, and repulsive. How any assembly of Churchmen, even of the very wor t and lowest taste in things pertaining to the service of God, could have allowed the scene of their so-called worship to present the abominable peculiarities of this I cannot bring myself to conceive. A low, fiat, uneven ceiling is perhaps the first object that trikes the vi8itor, through the middle of which runs an iron funnel that allows the passage through the 1'oof of tIl smoke from a stove below. 'rhe walls are covered with dirty and broken plaster; the whole area boxed off with some of 1he most execrc\'ble pews thn,t were ever made; the lean-to roof of the aisle before mentioned, supported at the point of junction with the Dave roof by wooden posts, furni~hed, Hot to say o1'ncl,mented, with severall'ows of hat pegs; no windows observable save the huge semici1'cular headed ones, also before ment.ioned, for there are none in the north aisle, l-.l,nd the two anciE'nt ones of the nave are too dL'eply splayed to be vi'ible from the western point, at whi ·h we are supposed to be standing-I refrain from enterjng into other horror '. But put all t.hat I havl' mcntioncd

>l':'

Ex ord. Vicar. in Reg. Bekc, El)' Line. f : xxv.

together, and I think you have a pict-tHe, so feLl' as lean drcLw it, of as atrocious a contrast to what a Clnu'ch ought to be aH can easily be imagined. There are three objects, however, of veritable antiquity yet remaining in situ, which serve rather t') sharpen than to blunt one's sense of this scene of ruin-" the abomination of desolation"-which I have attempted to depict. Two of these are bases of piers of the DeC01"ated period, which still carry the woodell posts described above as supporting the roof of the aisle. They are sufficiently good to suggest a considerable amount of' architectural excellence in the work with which they were once associated. The third is a fragment of the ancient font, and, unhappily, but a fragment. It consists of a few inches of the lowest part of the original basin, supported by a plain unornamented stem. Around it are sculptm'ed the bases of the shaftR which com.posed the miniature arcade, and which, contil~ued into capitals and semicircular interlacing arches, formed the surface ornament of what was no doubt a very beautiful adjunct to the furniture of t.he Church. I presume that it was shattered at some unknown period, and was afterwards cut down to its present level. But it is unmistakeably of the Norman period, and carries us back to the time, if not before, whell the 1\~ll1plar was here as a new landowner, and happily impressed with the goodly notion, of which it would be well if every subsequent age, our own included, had been possessed in an equal (1 eo'!'ee o , that property has its responsibilities as wel1 as its rights, and that secm'e tenure is not more to be regarded on the one hanc1, than the liberal provision of the sacred means of Divine Grace i::; to be attended to on the other. I will now present you with the more salient points in the hitltOl·.Y o~ the place which have sunendered themselves to my cxamll1.a tlOn. 'The firHt notice that I have found of Eagle is ill the record of Domesday. It there occurs under the name of Aycle, among the lands of Durand Malet, and is reported to conHist of three Dovates of land. and cleven acres of meadow, the arable hmd two bovates. OIle Bocuman had two bovates and foul' acres of mcaclow."*

King Stephen gave the Manor of Ecle, with its appurtenances to the Knights Templars, and King Henry the Second gave them the Uhm'ches of Ere, Swynderby, and Skarle, pertaining to Eagle.* Indeed, it is to this monarch that the gift of the Manor is usually attributed. In the year 1309 it passed, after the suppression of the Order of the Temple, to that of the Hospital. The next fragment of the history of the Manor is somewhat unintelligible, if it does not refer to some temporary anangement. For on the 6th of January, 1319-20, King Edward II. at York, granted to the Prior and Brethren of the Hospital in England licence to give and grant the Manor of Eycle, with appurtenances, in the County of Lincoln, held of him in chief, to Thomas, Earl of Norfolk and l\1:arshal of England, to have alld to hold the same by the usual services; and to the aforesaid EaT! to receive the same from the said Prior and Bretliren; concluding with the usual declarations against hindrance and molestation. t This brings us to the year 1338. Philip de Thame was Prior of England, and as usual furnished a report to the Grand l\1:aster Elyan de Villanova of the income and expendihue of his langue. I shall be able from this most interestiug and instructive document to furnish the reader with an exact picture of the Bailiwick of Eagle in the earlier half of the f01.u teenth century. Here will be found, in strict and precise detail, the various items of receipt on the one hand and of expenditure on the other, and that in such minute particularity as ·will, I feel sur) be perfectly amazing to those who are introduced to such a record for the first time. I have not endeavoured to modernize my authority further than by giving an English dress to the Latin original, and sliglltly simplifying some particulars in the process. BAILIWICK OF EYCLE, WITH ITS LIMBS. xxs. A manor house with garden, worth per annum . xs. Two dovecotes, worth liij ma1'CS, xvijcl.ob.q. (!el.) Of rent of assize with out rent '*' MS. in Coli. Armor. L. 17. f. 143; Monast. Augl. vi. 836.

,. Domesday,

1'01.

i. p. 365.

t Pat. 13 Ec1w. II. m. 23.

Of rent of hens Is. \V orks and customs, worth iiijli. ijs. ijd. Two windmills and one water-mill xxxs. Four carucates of land, containing five hundred acres; and at W odehous three carucates, containing three hundred, at vjd. an acre . -xxti. At vVhisseby fifty-folli' acres, at liijd. an acre, in all. . . . . xviijs. At Eycle fifty acres of meadow, at i]s. an' acre~ in all cs. Of profit of underwood . cs. Pleas and perquisites of the Courts . . cs. The Church of Eycle, appropriated, worth. . xxij mewcs. The Church of Swynderby, appropriated, worth xxij ma?'cs. Rent of Sybbethorp, worth. . . . . x ma?'cs. Twenty acres of meadow at "\Vysseby, worth xIs. Pasture for twel1ty cows, worth . . . xIs. Pasture for four hundred sheep, worth . . xxxiijs. iiijd. SUM TOTAL OF REOEIPT A m PROFIT OF THE SAID BAILIWIOK . cxxijli. xj~. xd. REPRIBES. Out of which in house expenses, viz., for the Preceptor, one Brother, two Secular Chaplains, Philip de Beverley, Corrodary, Lord Henry de Baneby, Corrodary, Nicolas de Leybourn, Corrodary, Adam de Sprottelee, Conodary, and others of the household : In bread yearly, seventy quarters of wheat at ., ' 1J8. vjd. a quarter, in all " viij li. xvs. In malt beer, one hundred quarters of barley malt, at ijs. a quarter. . . . xli. In flesh, fish, and other necessaries for th~ kitchen, at iiijs. a-week . . . xli. iiijs. In the provender of t.he horses of the Precepto: and guests, one hunched and eighty-two . qU3,rters, at X.ijd. i-I, qu_a rter, in all xiij met?'cs, viijs. viijd. FOl the sustentatIOn of tbe houses through the "wholo Bailiwiok . . lxs. J n rent resolute yoa,rly to divers 10n18 xxvjs. viijd.

To the Archdeacon of Lincoln, for procurations xiiijs. xrl. of the Churches of Eycle and Swynderby VllJ ?nw'cs. To Hugh de Longeton, annual pension for life To J oh11, Vicar of the Chureh of Swynclerby, pension for life, by the charter of Br. Thomas xIs. Larcher, allowed in the responsiolls To Nicolas de Leybourn, for life, by charter of xxvjs. viijd. the same To Philip de Beverley, for life, by charter of the xiijs. iiijd. same To John de "\Veston, for life, by deed of the l1lJ ?7W?'cs. Temple xIs. In the visitation of the Prior, dluing two days . xIs. In the stipends of two Chaplains In robe, mantle, and necessaries of one Brother. xx:xiiijs. viijrl. In robes aud wages of one forester, cook, baker, dispenser, and one gatekeeper, to each one V ma?'cs. marc To laundress 1JS. To two pages, to each three shillings VJS • SU;\1 TOTAL OF ALL EXPENSES AND PAYl\fENTS lvli. xviijs. iiijd. SUl\I OF VALUE. ~o there remain to be paid to the Treasurer for supporting bludens c ma?'cs. N ames of the Brethren : Br. Rob. Cort, Preceptor, Knt. Br. J oh. de "\Vytlefford, Chaplain. COlTodary-Philip de Beverley, allowed m the x mCt?"cs.* responslOns A brief commentary on this most instructive clocun'lent is necessary to its due elucidation. I have already glanced at the peculiarities of the government of the Order in the paper which I had the honolli' to submit to our General Assembly a twelvemonth ago, and here we have an example of one of its establishments in full operation and activity. Here is a va]uable estate, with a minute balance sheet of its jncome and expenditure, the enumeration of its officers, both civil and. ecclesiastical, ih; Preceptor, a R presentative of the great ,)I<

"llospjtnllers ill Englund," pp. 157- 150.

Prior of Clerkenwell, as he in hjs turn was of the Granct Master of the Order, and rendering an exact account of all receipts and outgoings, with the sum which remained for transmission to the common treasury, its chaplains, cOlTodaries, and servants of all descriptions. Some of the items are curious enough. " Two dovecotes" and profits from" hens," amounting together to 60s., represented, I presume, the ordinary receipts from the sale of such commodities as p01..1-ltry and eggs in the neighbourhood, as well as the value of such 2.S were consumed at home. The "works and customs" were the services of the various tenants, either estimated at the sum given, or commuted into a money payment of similar amount. The" Courts" wpre those of the "JUanor," in which minor pleas were tried. A very important item is the insight which we gain into the value of land and produce. At Eagle arable land was worth 6d. an acre, at 'Vhisseby 4d. an acre. At Eagle meadow land was worth 2s. an acre, and at \Vysseby the same. At Eagle cows were pastured at 2s. a head, and sheep at 1cl. a head. Wheat is quoted at 28. Gd., and barley at 2s. a quarter. The kitchen eost 48. a week, and the horse expenses were at the rate of 12cl. for a quarter of provender. Then the Corrodaries, of which this establishment had as many as four, made a considerable item in the expenditure. These gentlemen had free maintenance, or commons, and oftentimes extraordinary advantages. And although this may sometimes have been a return for money lent, or important services rendered, it was doubtless at others the resuH of the mere favour of a Grand Prior, or in recompense of something of even less merit. The ominous name of Brother Thomas LarcheI', the improvident Prior of Clerk en well, by whose "charter" it is said that three of the fo1..u· Conodaries founr1 a home at Eagle, suggests a reason for the fact at which our Preceptor might well be pardoned for expressing a gentle mmmur. From their churches appropriated, served by their vicars, they gained a considerable revenue. Eagle "vas worth 22 marcs, or £14 6s., and if, as I presume, Hugh de Longeton was Vicar, his income in money would nppear to be £5 6s. 8d.; while John, Vicar of Swynderby, a church of simihr value, rcceivcrl but 40s. a year. The viRitn.tion expenses were (-'xorhitnl1~. That of the Archdc,::tC'on nmoll11t('(l to 148. lOrl.

while the Prior, whose duty it was to visit every year, had expendelt on him and his retinue, during the two days of his stay, the considerable sum of 40s. There must have been gay doings at Eagle during the visitation. After all deductions, however, there remaiued for the common treasury the comfortable sum (as money was theu estimated) of 100 marcs, or £66 13s. 4d.

The present is perhaps the most appropriate place to devote a few words to the scene of this busy fourteenth-cent1..li'Y life. There is no allGient building in the neighbourhood save the Church, and therefore none that has any claim to be considered the Hospitallers' manor house. But a mansion, now bearing the name of" Eagle Hall," occupies its site. It is somewhat more than a 111ile distant from the Clnu'ch, of modern erection, and, so far as can be seen, without any admixture of ancient work, or any use of the old materials. " The lower of the two farmhouses, now occupying the site of the preceptory, is supposed to have formed part of the outbuildings, and the house itself probably stood where the upper one now stands."* On a wall by the roadsjde is a cherub's head, or what appears to be sucb, affixed, a solitary relic of the olden structure. The tradition of the place is that a house belonging to some order or other of friars was there. Foundations of walls are found about the site and in the kitchen garden of the mansion; and there arc a number of regular mounds and hollows in the immediate neighbourhood, some of them containing water, and still called ,- fish-ponds," which were probably the demesne stews, from whence the Preceptor and household were supplied on fast days. In one of these was f01..mc1, about fifteen years ago, a narrow slip of brass, torn from a tomb by some ancient iconoclast, with the inscription, "Hic jacet vene1'alrilis V].T frater Thomas." Coins of various of our English kings have also been found on the estate.t ,Ve Virill now take up the thread of the story, and, with the year 1344, arrive, as it would appear, at the commencement of a series of attempts to exact from the Commalldery various payments to which it was not subject by the gjft of tIl(-' donors. I suspect that thcn, as now, there \"C1'e not w;utting' ]llc1iyi.duals '"' "IIistoryoiCollinglu,m,"b.lE.G.vVnkC',U D.,fh-o., ..re\\m·k,18G0. p.75.

Ib.

12 who looked to the Church to supply every possible need, whilst they themselves were indifferent to their personal duty, and content to bear little or no share of the common obligation. A precept was issued to the Sheriff of Lincoln, commanding him to ascertain the rights of the Prior of the Hospital as to the ownership of Lhe lUanor, and as to his suppression of certain alms. Andan answer was returned that Henry, King of England, had given the Manor to the Master and Bretlu'ell of the Temple in pure and perpetllal alms, and that, after the annihilation of that Order, it had been granted to the Prior and Brethren of the Hospital. A mandate was eventually adcu-essed to the Sheriff to relax any distress that might have been levied, al1c1 for restitution of moneys amerced. Witness the King, at ,Vestminster, lOth ~lay, 1344.* ,Ve have seen that Henry 11., King of Englan rl, granted the 1\1anor to the Templars, and it further appears from a charter of "inspeximus" given at Nottingham, quoted in one of Edward IlL, exemplifying the same to the then holders, the Prior and Brethren of the HospitaJ. The name of the :l\1anor is here given as Eicles. The charter is dated at Vvestminster, 12th November, 25 Edward IlL, 1351; and a further exemplification, copy or duplicate of the same, at the request of Robert Hales, Prior of the Hospital, was granted by the same king, dated at Westminster, 24th July, 50 Edward nL, 137G.t This was again ratified, approved, and con£rmecL Witness the King, at Westminster, 2Gth July, 137G.t In the following year a very minute instrument records a number of circumstances to which allusion has already been made, and which are of special interest in our present investigation. It sets forth that a presentment had been made in Michaelmas Term, 49 Edw. IlL, at Lincoln, that the Prior of the lIo pital bolds the manor of Aycle, with appurtP,lutnces, in the COUll ty of Lincohl, by the gift of tbe King's forefH thers, for which Manor the Prio!' and lliR predecessors from the time of the grant were boun(l to lind three Chaplains to say masses in the Chapel of the aforesaid Manor for the S01.U S of the King's ancesturs and BucceHsors for ever, and also to distribute every i,;

Clans. 18 Ed\\,. III. p. 1. 111. 10. t Pat. 50 Ec1w. III. p. 1. m. 2. ! PaL. 50 E(lw. III. p. 1. m. 4.

week £fteen shillings to the poor for the souls of the aforesaid progenitors and snccessors. That the Prior has for the last hventy years failed to supply the chantries and alms aforesaid. That Richard de Overton is the custos of the Manol'. That th(j Prior holds the :Manor and soke of Eykyl of the King from the time of King Henry, formerly King of England, for which he ought and is bound to pay and distribute to the poor assembled in the almshouse on the north part of the gates of the said manor house fifteen shillings every week ill the year, for the souls of the King's progenitors, which almsmoney is in auear and not paid for thirty years and upwards, to the grievous loss of the King and pOOl'. T'hat the aforesaid Prior is bound to find three Chaplains to say masses there for the soul of the King, &c.: but that two and sometimes one only is found, to the great grievance, &c. That in the octaves of Holy 'J)inity, 50 Ec1w. III. before the King at ,Vestmlnster, the Prior, by Rob. de \Vyghthull, his Attorney, replied and desired to acquit himself, and stated that King H eill'y gave the :l\Ianor and appurtena11ce~ by charter to the 1\Iaster of the Temple, to be held by him and his successors in pure and perpetual alms. That the Prior is now in the Master's position. That tIllS was proved by several in truments, dated at vVestminster, G Feb., 50 Edw. III. 137G-7, and 1 July of the same year. That after certain legal proceedings the Prior appeared by his Attorney at ,Vestminster) in the octaves of S. 1\Iartin, in the year aforf'said. After various appointments, a jury, before Thomas de Ingleoy and Elins c1e 1\Iidelton, in the quindelLle of S. Hilary, at \, estminster, returned on oath that Henry, formerly King of England, progenitor of the present King, gave the aforesaid Manor, with sock and other appm·tenances, to the 1\Iaster of the Temple, to have and to hold for himself fLnd his successors in pure and perpetual alms; that the Prior holds his place in the aforesaid 1\Ianor, and that the aforesaid Prior and Brethren are in the lutbit of giving alms, as seems good to them. On a review of all these circumstances, it was considered that the Prior should be discharged of the action- " eat inde sine die." An order for the pla'cing of the tenor of the record and process aforesaid, at the request of Rob. lIales, Prior, was dated, witness the King' <...' at ,Vestminster, 9 Feb., 1377.*

* Pat.

51 Ed\\,. lII. m. 38.

Licence was given about thc same time to the Prior to build a Chapel in honour of the Holy Trinity, in a place called Swynderby ~Iore, in the JUanor of Aycle, and around the said Chapel to erect houses and inclose ground, and to let the same to such as chose to inhabit it, and that he should hold such as a vill or hamlet; and that the Prior an~ his successors should h8,ve a market there every week on Saturday, and two fairs every year, one on the feast of S. Barnab8,s, and for six days following, and the other on the eve and feast of H. Katharine, and for six days following. Furthermore, licence was given to the Prior to enclose and imp ark 600 acres of oosc and 4000 acres of pasture land of their demesne ill Aycle, and to keep the Rame impm'ked, and to have free warren in the saiel Manor of Aycle, and in all theu' lands in the counties of Lincoln and Nottingham, so that none without the licence or will of the present Prior or his successors should enter the said warren in pursuit of game under forfeiture of ten pounds.* Still the Rouse was not without enemies. On the Friday next after the Feast of the Purification, 8 Hen. IV., 4 Feb., 1406-7, Hen. Crounale, Knt. and Mastel' of the Temple of Eycle, Confl'ater of the Prior of the Hospital of S. John of Jerusalem in England, gave to the aforesaid Prior and his successors, of Simon Basyngham of S wynelerby, one messuage and bosc, and half a carucate of land, with applu'tenances, in Morton, by Eyele, in the said County of Lincoln, worth in all issues beyond reprises vjs. viijd., but without the King's licence. The said Henry on the morrow of the Epiphany, 9 Hen. IV., 7 Jan., 1407-8~ enclosed the whole plain and vill of Morton with great ditches and hedges, and obstructed a common way of twenty-one feet broad from the north of the aforesaid plain, to the injury of the King and people. Such, with other complaints, were made by oath of a jury at N avenby, in the County of Lincoln, on l\Iond~y, 22 Oct., 1413, 1 Hen. V.t Another addition, however, to the estate has now to be noticed. Licence was given for £12, paid by the Prior of the

Hospit8,], to Thomas Byrt, Chivaler, John Coronall, of Swynford, Esq., Thomas atte Hall, Clerk, and John :Manfeld, of Braorig, to give the 1\iano]' of 1\iorton, by Eyde, in the COlmty of Lincoln, to the Prior of the Hospital, in aid of his maintenance. And to the Prior aforesaid licence to receive the same, saving as usual the services clue to the chief lords. '1'he licence was elated, witness the King, at \Vestminster, 18 Nov., 1409.* At the request of Rob. Botyll, Prior of the Hospital, confirmation was given in 1449 to the licence of King Edward III. which has already been ,noticed. The Prior anel Brethren were to have the nlarket and fairs at SwynderbYj and to imbattel, kcrnellate, and maehicollate their manor house at Eagle, with posse~sion of the warren before-mentioned. ,Vitnesses, John, Archbishop of Canterbury, Chancellor, and others. By the King, at ,Yynton, 26 June, 1449. By writ of privy ~eal.t I must now give a few particulars of the more private lif0 of the House, and its ultenl8,l matters as a landed estate. On the 23rd July, 1494, at Melchborn, a cottage in the parish of Egle was leased to Geo. Constantyne, in whose occupation it had previously been, from the Feast of the Nativity of S. J o11n Baptist, for the term of his life. He was to maintain and keep in repair the said cottage, as often as necessary, at his own expense. The lease was dated at 1\1elchborn, as above·t On the same day a corrody was granted to John Belle, for good and diligent service. It consisted of constant maultenance in the preceptory of Egle at the servants' table, a gown at Christmas, and a compet.ent chamber, and the tithes of corn and hay of their rectory of Swynderhy, by name of stipend, during his life. A previous grant of xxxiijs.; iiijd. was to be cancelled and held for naught.§ On the 12th September, 1498, at Melehborn~ a manumission was passed for 'Vill. Grave, of North Searle, in the Bailiwick of Eagle, with his family, goods, chattels, &c·1I . . On the 27th November, 1499, at Clerkenwel1, a SllTIllar manumission was passed in favalli' of J ohn Bretayn, of

.. Quoted in Cart. 27 nen VI. n. 39. t Add. MS. B. M. 6165. p. 181.

Swynderby.~

t ii

Pat. 11 lIen. IV. p. 2. m. 27. MS. I.Jan d. 2?0. f. xx . Ibid. f. xlix.

t Cart. 27 nen. VI. n. 39. § 1\IS. Lnnsll. 200. f. x"\j b. Ibid f. hj.

-,r

IG On the sarno day a grant was made to lIenry Claghton, Chaplain of Eagle, for good and diligent service, of pOl'potual maintenance at the gentlemen's table, one gown a year at the usual fea t, a chamber suitable to his rank, and foul' mares sterling, by name of stipend, to be paid in equal portions at the usual t81'1llR, dlU'ing his life. '1'he said Henry bound himself, as long as his bodily strength should allow, to say mass in t.ho chancel of the Chapel of the said Bailiwick, and at the high altar of the same. If through age, infirmity, or ill health, the said Henry was unable to sit at the table, he was to have his eatables and drinkables every day served in his cham. bel', together with his gown and stipend. Provided always that if the said Henry should neglect his duty in the Chapel aforesaid, while able to perform it, or without the licence of the Baily, or the farmer of the estate for the time being, the present grant should be null and void. * On the 28th June, 1505, at Clel'kenwell, an indenture was made between Thomas Docwra, Prior, and Rob. Rayner, of Drayton, in the County of Nottingham, yeoman, by a~thority of a bull, dated 2nd September, 1503, giving to the Preceptor, Thomas Newport, full authority to anticipate and receive beforehand all the fruits and revenues of the said Commandery. The" anticipation" consisted of the proceeds of all manner of lands, tenements, rents, services, meadows, pastures, oblations in the Chapel there, with all other profits whatsoever-woods and underwoods, advowsons of churches, perquisites of the COlU'tS, the Master's chamber at the hall end next to the kitchen , "lith the storehouse under it, with the Master's stable and chamber over it, and with the little stable at the end of the said Master's stable, excepted and reserved. To be held from the 1st of the following May for three years. Paying £200 for the first two y~artl' rent aforehand; anc1 for the third year £84, at Lamm as and at the Feast of the Purification, or "within a month after these dates. The t enant was to keep sufficient and honest hospitality; and, among a great number of other aO'reements b , he was to pay to the Chantry priest £8, and to find bread, wax, and wine fur the Chapel.t Next year a similar .( anticipatioll" was made between the '*'

1\1S. Lansel . 200. f. lxxj.

1\'[S. Oot.t. Oland. E. VI. f. xxiiij.

Prior and George Dalison, in the County of l\Iidd., Esq., and Thomas Hobson, and ,\Till. Yolton, of the aforesaid County, Gentlemen, with the same reservations, from the Nativity of S. J olm Baptist following, 1507, for two years ensuing. Paying for Eagle £30 lI s. Old. Hospitality to be observed, and the stipend of the Chaplain to be paid. Dated at Clerkenwell, 1 Dec., 1506.* On the 1st of July, 1512, the Prior and his confreres grantecl and confirmed to Robert Dye, Chaplain, the perpetual Chantry in the Chapel of S. Sithe, in the Bailiwick of Eagle, with perpetual maintenance at the gentlemen's table, one gown, and one chamber, with right of reasonable fuel, to be used in his said chamber, and £4 a year, by name of stipend, payable at the foul' principal terms of the year. Also maintenance for one servant boy. In case of age or infirmity, the maintenance, &c., was to be continued . On promotion to a benefice or nonresidence, the agreement was to be null and void.t An " anticipation/' similar to what we have alreany noticed, was made by the Prior Thomas Docwra and his Brethren, by supplication of Sir Thomas Newport, Knt., and Baily of Eagle, then intending to leave England for Rhodes, in consideration of a sum of £1000, of the Preceptories of Eagle, Newland, Dalby, aud Rotheley, and Ribston, to Robert Newport, Preceptor of Ansty and Treburgh, Geo. Dalison, Guthlac Overton, Will. Yolton, and Richard N ico11, Chaplain, with the usual reservations, from tho Feast of the Nativity of S. John Baptist next on suing, for two years noxt following; paying for Eagle £30 lIs. Old. Hospitality, payment of Chaplain, &c., were also ordered, and repairs aga,inst wind and rain, &c. The deed was dated at Clerkenwell, 7th :Thlay, 1513.t By a subsequent instrument it appears that tho good Baily was, with the King's licence, "departing towards Rhodes," then at the point of being besieged, "to servo his religion in the aforesaid great trouble and necessity." On the 2nd Oct., 1519, tho Prior and Brethren leased to 'Vill. Justice the windmill of North Scarll, with appurtenance, from the Feast of tho Nati ity of S. John Baptist, for the term

* MS. Oott. Claud. E. VI. f . xlj. t

Ibid. f. cviij.

Ibi(l. f. iiij:n:XI'j.

of his life, at a yearly rent of 33s. 4d., payable at the Feasts of the Purifieation and S. Barnabas, in equal portions. The tenant to bear all burdens and repairs. * Another" anticipation" was passed between the Prior and Will. Alcoke, Roger Hanson, Chaplain, and John Mylner, Gentleman, from the Nativity of S, John Baptist last past, for three years next e11suing. Paying for the two fil'st years for Eagle £143 88. lId. Dated at Clerkenwell, 18th September, 1522.t On the 18th of September, 1522, the Prior, Thomas DocWl'a, and Brethren, granted and farmed to Roger Hanson, Chaplain, the Rectory of Eagle, with the glebe, tithes of corn, hay, lambs, and the altarage, with a tenement situated in the vill of Eagle, pertaining to the said Rectory, vvith all appnrtellances, from the F east of the Nativity of S. John Baptist last past, for the term of his life, to serve the Clue of souls there, by himself or by some honest and fit Chaplain deputed and paid by him, with all ordinary and extraordinary blu'dens, dlu'ing his life, He was to pay to the Prior, or the Preceptor, 408. sterling at the Feast of the Nativity of S. John Baptist. If not paid for one month, they could re-enter and retajn. They made Thomas Newport, Chaplain, and John Newport, Gentleman, their Attorneys.t On the 1st 1\1ay, 1520, the Prior and Bretillen granted and leased to Rogel' Gawdyn, Yeoman, the greater tithes of Swynderby, i.e., the tithes of corn and hay, from the Feast of the J: ativity of S. John Baptist next before, for the term of his life, at a rent of £3 6s. 8d. sterling, payable at the usual terms. If in arrear for two months, they could re-ent er and repossess. 'ViII. Collys and Nieh. vVoc1de were appointed their true and lawful Attorneys.§ On the same clay the same granted to Rogel' Gawdeyn, of ::)wynderby, and Alice his wife, a messuage or tenement in the vill of Swync1erby, with a granary adjacent, together with a croft, a bovate, ancl three parts of another bovate of land, with all appurtenances, in Swynderby, formerly in the occupation of John Bell, Farmer, to be held from the Nativity of

~; John Baptist, for the term of th~ life of the l()ng~st . d sterling , wIth the usual cautIOn I:;lU'Vlvor, ata·1 ent 0 f lOs.7'

I . CoLL. Claud. E. VI. f. ciiijxxxj.

::: Ibid. f. ccxxiiij.

t Ibid. f. cciiij. § Ibid. £. cclxix.

against arrears. * . 0. h'. On the 1st 1\1ay, 1526, Thomas Docwra, Pnor, an ,IS Brethren, granted to Richard 1\1oure the perpetual chantry lil the Chapel of S. Sithe, in the Bailiwi?k of Eagle, to say ~ass onstantly in the saId Chapel, and to play, persona11y and C f B th . according to the form of the Foundation, for the souls 0 1'0 el lIeury Crowneha11, sometime Baily of Eagle" and of the ·' Th ey granted ,hml perpetual benefactors of our re1IglOn. , t enance 1'n the Bailiwick at the gentlemen s table, and maUl I' a chamber such as the Baily Sh01:tld think proper, an~ ~4 ster lng '1 veal' by name of stipend, payable at the four pnnCIpal terms (, .J (. , 11 s anc of the year, in equnl portions. The same a owance c l " stIpulatIons are annexec1 to the grant as we have already noticed in similar instruments, t . By an instrument dated at Clerkenwell, 1st 1\1ay, 1526, It wa' ordered that if certain moneys due by Andrew. Nowell f. the rectory of 1\1arneham, in the County of N ottmgham, 10m .] t d to 1e levied and not received, it should be were neg ec e . . 'l' t lawful for the fet!'mer and his aSSIgns to pay tLle afolesaIC len, ' of £11 6s. 8cl., before two witnesses, on the altar of HenlY Crownehall, in the Chapel of S. Sithe at Eagle, and that the fnrmer should be exonerated aecorclingly·t , A conody, dated 30 May, 1536, was granted to "Ill. 1\1:re£, and a lease to Hen. Bolonde, dated 18 Feb., 1539-40, bot 0 which will be noticed subsequentl y . , . It will be perceived that we have now.arnved at th~ beglnnino' of the encl. I have, on other occaSIOns, entered Into the cl('t~ils of the odious business, and have only to add that after a - (, put a t'10n 0 f tlle value of the estate, when the Commandery , f com was found to be worth £144 18s. 10d. a year, the Pnorv 0 S. John WetS, after a few other preliminaries, suppressed on the 7th of May, 1540. " Before I give the particulars of the dIsposal of the estate, I so far as ancient documents ha,ye 'VI·ll.!r ouer a l'IS t of the Bailies (" . ol1ableo. me to furnish it. They would have been more III

MS. CoLL. Claud. E. Y1. f. cclxix. ! Ibid. f. cdxxij.

Ibicl. f. cclxxix.

20 number but for the f . wt that the Baily was but the "obedielltiarius," the official, of the Prior of the Hospital, to "whom all thA gifts uf lands, and grants of privileges, &c., were made:l. ROBERT CURT, 1338. 2. RICHARD DE OVERTON, 1377. 3. HENRY CROUNALE, 1406. 4. THO~1AS GRENE. I find him present at the General Assembly at Clerkenwt;!J, 20th Jmle, 1492; 28th October, 1493; at l\Ielchborn, 23rd July, 1494; 8th July, 1M)5; at Reynham, 2nd September, 149G; at Balsal, 13th September, 1497; at Melchborn, 12th September, 149t); at Clerkenwell, 27th November, 1499; and at l\Iclchborn, 9th November, 1500;* after which date I have not observed him. 5. THOl\IAS NEWPORT. He was present at the General Assembly at Clerkenwell, 20th July, 1503; 18th December, 1503; 20th June, 1504; 28th Jlme, 1505; 13th October, 1509; ] Oth July, 1511; 2nd October, 1519; and 18th September, 1522 .t. 6. ALBAN POLE. He was present at the General Assembly at Clcrkenwell, 1st l\Iay, 1526.t 7. JOHN RAWSON, 1539. And now for snme particulars of the distribution of the spoil. A request to plu'chase the site of the Commandery waG made by Thnmas, Earl of Rutland, and Robert Tirwhit. The Certificate enumerates the "scyte of the Commawn~lrye with the howseis tberuppon byldec1, together w t the gardyneis, orcheyardis, douffehowsis, & waters vnto the seid scite annexed," containing by estimation two acres and a half. Al 0 one hundred and eight acres of arable land lying in divers do"es and fields, called Horsse Close, Cowe Close, Stokkynge Underwode, Sowthe Stokkyuge, and Berkel's Close. Also two hundr0d and sixty-five acres of pastlu'e, called Smythe Orcheyarde, vij acres; Hempland Close, xij acres; The 8tockkynge, xxx acr.~s; Calffe Close, ij acres; Parke Grene, with Hempe Garthe, IJ acres; LOllgeholme, x""'{"viij acres; Halle l\Iore, xl acres; Lytell Stokkynge, otherwise calleel Thorney Stokkynge, x acres; * M '. IJan d. 200. t ::,\18. Cl,tL CLlllcl. E. VI. ! Ibid.

N orthe StokkYllge, 1 acres; IIunthorppe Olose, xxxvj acres; Horsse Close, vj acres; Clapper Close, xij acres; l\1illehille Close, xxx acres. Also twenty four acres of meadow, called 'Voc1hou eynges, xij acres; and Dameyngis, xij acres. The rents of the aforesaid were of tbe yearly value of xvjl. xiijs. AIRo the tenement set and builded before tbe Gates of tbe said late Commandery, called the Gate House, with two Closes of vj acres; and another of xiij acres, called N ormedowe, lately leased by Sir J oLn Rawson, Knt., late l\Iaster there, to Hen. Bolonc1c, by a bill dated 18th February, 31 Hen. VIII. 1539-40, for a term of three years, at a rent of lxs. a year. Also a Close called Kandal Grene, containing by estimation ij acres and ~ haH, aL 0 let by the same late l\Iaster to " ill. More, at a rent pltyable at Christmas ~\'nd the Feast of S. John Baptist of iijs. iiijcl. Also a piece of arable land calledl\lel'ke~am W onge, let to ,"Yill. Colon from year to year by Sir Albon Pole, Knight, sometime Ia tel' of the said Commandery, at a yearly rent of xviijd., payable at the feast of SS. Philip and James. Also CW'itomluy rellts in the Parish of the Old Eagle; farm of pastures caned Swayllthorppe, vVoodhouse, a Close called V\T estwood, l\lorton, Thorlley Close, House Close, Meadow Close, worth yearly xlvl. xiiijs. iijcl. ab., with other rents in the Counties of Lillcoln and Nottingham of xiiijl. xjs. Also the Parsonage of the Old Eagle, worth by year xIs.; of North Scarle, worth xls.; of Swynerby, wOTth lxvjs. viijd. Then follow the" Fees and \Vages :" Peter Bothe, xIs., James Plumtrye, xxs.~ bailiffs and collectors of the rents and services aforesaid; Will. Caynton, tyler) to tyle the housing there, xs. a year; and a priest serving at the said Commandery, in ready money, xlvjs. viijd., and in the price of his meat and chink by year, liijs. iiijd. And a conody to 'Vil1. "More, as in the price of his meat and drink, liijs. iiijcl., his livery and chamber, xiijl). ii~cl.; and also in ready money, xlvjs. viijd., granted to him during his life by letters patent, under the Common Seal of the late Priory, dated 30th i\Iay, 28 Hen. VIII. 153n. After all reservations and payments there remained clear by year the sum of cxxxiijl. vijs. vijcl., "be ide woods, and beside a house ill London, in the tenure of l\laster Rygges, here not valued, forasmuch as the rent of tbe sa,me are not as yet certified to me."

Then follows the note :" Yt ys to bo remembricl that or SOllel'eygn Im'de the Kynge shall have after the deathe of eueTye tenflnte w1.n the lordshippR of the Eagle, N orthscarle, & Swine?'bye, the third pa7'te of cattalls and Redy monye & also of clothe, oueT shapen or OUPT cutte, hogges or swyne oonlye exceptid. " And like wyse shall have of eueTye heyer whiche claymethe any landys after the deathe of his father, the third pm-te of suche goodes & cattalls as is aboveseyd, hogges or swyne oonlye exceptid, wtin the seyd iij lordshipps."* The result to which the foregoing return wa a preliminary was not long delayed. On the 6th July, 1541, the King gra.nted to Thomas, Earl of Rutland, and Rob. rryrwyt~ the site, cu:cuit, precinct ancI capital house of the late Preceptory of Eagle, in the County of Lincoln, with all houses, barns, stables, &c., &c., to the aill annexed or adjacent. Also the 108 acres of arable and pasture, more or les , in the Parish of New Eagle, with the closeR called Horse Close, Cowe Close, Stokkyng Underwood, and the other lands previously enumerated, by knight service, that is to say, by a fifteenth part of one knight's fee, at a yearly rent of thre<:> pounds three shillings and sixpence sterling, for all services and demands whatsoever. This, with an immense domain in the counties of Lincoln, Leicester, and York, was granted, 1y letters patent under the great seal, witness the King, at V\T e, tminster, 6th July, 1541.t In certain Articles of Exchange between the King anc1 the Earl of Rutland, dated 2nd April, 33 Henry VIII. 1542, occurs the farm of one tenement and certain lands in Whisbye, in the tenure of John Rawson, late Preceptor of Eagle, paying a rent of 20s. at Christmas and the Nativity of S. John Baptist, in equal portions. Also the farm of two cottages there, lately in the tenure of the same John Rawson, late Preceptor, paying a rent of lOs. at the Feasts aforesaid.t The great officer who was Preceptor of, and d81'lved his diRtinguishing title from, our Commandery, haLl a lodging

specially appropriated to him in the House at Clerkenwell. Tho fate of this} in conclusion, has now to be investigated. In an enumeration of lands requested and purchased of the King by Rob. Til'witt, Esq., dated 3rd July, 34 Henry VIII. 1542, occurs the farm of one messuage or tenement, called "The Baily of The Eygle Rouse," with applU'tenances, and of two gardens adjacent to the said messuage, situated and being between the lane called Seynt John's Lane on the east, and a garden in the tenure of 'ViII. Aprice, Gent., on the west, and tenements in the several tenures of Will. Arowsmythe, Georg'e Benson, Nich. Ryssheton, and John Fox, on the south, and a garden in the tenure of Olive Overton, widow, on the north, now leased to Will. Rygge by il1denture under the Seal of the Court of Augmentations, at a yearly rent of 53s. 4cl.* This also soon changed hands. On the 18th August, 1542, the King granted to Rob. Tyrwhytt, the messuage called t.he Bayly of the Eagle's House, with the two gardens aheady mentioned, in the Priory of S. J obu, in London. The boundaries and names of tenants of the adjoining premises are the same as have been just recited. The property was to be held ill chief, by a service of a twentieth part of one knight's fee, and a, rent of five shillings and fourpence a year. The grant was by letters patent under the great seal, and was dated, witness the King, at Berechurche, 18th Aug., 1542.t I have now brought the history of Eagle to as modern a point as most of my readers, I presume, will care to follow it. It has become a part of a private estate, and its annals have lost the inalienahle charm of their earlier and better portions. The very scene of its material splendour has shared, as we have remarked, a similar fate. Chapel, gatehouse, hall, Master's lodgings, storehouses, kitchen, almshouse-all are gone, together with the life to which they grandly ministered. But I should very imperfectly perform what I purposed to myself, a-nd what indeed has been one at least of the objects which I have had specially in view, in endeavouring to excite t.he interest of the present noble and gentle company in thiR an(;lent scene of OlU' olden glories, if, as I have wTitten of it in

Purts. for Grants. Hen. VIII. Rutland. sect. 5. l. r. 39. Parts. for Grants. 33 Hen. VIII. Rutland. secL. 1.

t Orig. 33 IIen. VIII. p.

.. Parts. for GI'a,nt.. 3,1 nen. VIII. Tyrwhiit, Rob. Ol·ig. 3·1 Hen. VIII. p. 3. r. 21.

its ages of greatness, I did not plead for it in its days of degradation. I wish I could transport my readers not only to its fau: woods and spacious reaches of cornland, from which most probably it took its name, but to its squalid church, and make them see for themselves the ruin to which no description, how graphic and minute soever, can do even scant and partial justice. It must be seell) to enter fully into its monstrous and hOlTible debasement. And yet I hope I shall not plead in vain when I suggest the duty of aiding the disinterested ann energetic local Clergy, in their endeavours to rebuild a structure which in its utter incurableness does not admit of a less decided treatment. In the plans which have been submitted to me the tower is properly spared) and brought as nearly as may be to its primitive condition. It will then last for centuries as good as ever. The church, as I have shown, needs utter demolition, as every part which is old is alike uninteresting and unsafe, and a perfectly new structure should be erecten on the old foundations. l\1:ay I then again express a hope that as the place is so identified with our Order, even to the giving of his specia:1 title to one of OlU' highest officers, it will be deemed worthy of our best consideration, evidenced in the only mode of appreciable value, the imparting to the work a good measure of pecuniary aid? Let us in this best of ways manifest OlU' relationship to the great ones who have gone before us, and show our identity with them and their labours, blessing our own generation as they did theirs, and reverently following them in their grand characteristics, as, in ancient and holy words, "The Builders of the old waste places, The Raisers up of the foundations of many generations, The Repairers of the breach, The Restorers of paths to dwell in." THOMAS HUGO.

HARRISON AND SONS, PRINTER' IN ORDINARY TO HER MAJESTY, ST. ~IAR'I'I'l'S LANE.

rELIEF

fUND,

INITIATED AND ORGANISED BY THE

<Oruer of

~t.

Jjohn of Jjetltsalellt:

(English

Langue~)

REP 0 R T.

LONDON: O. OULL & SON, 15, HOUGHTON STREET, STRAND. 1876.

Eastern War Sick and Wounded Rel ief Fund Com m ittee. ~ Y R l r m nn. 'ir EDl\IL~D A. H. LECIll\IERE, Bart., M.P.

QUn nsurcr.

REP ()RT.

Ai DREW JOHNSTON, Esq. His Grace the DUKE OF , VESTMINSTER, K. G. The l\1ost HOll . the MARQUIS OONYNGHAJI. The Rt. Hon. the EARL OF SHAFTESBURY, K. G. TheRt Hon. the EARL OF GLASGOW. The Rt. Rev the LORD BISilOP OF ' VINCHESTER. The Ht. Hon. LORD OLEKliONT. The Rt. Hon. LORD LEIGH. Sir GEORGE H . BEAUl\IONT, Bart. SirTHmLAsN. DICK-LAUDER, Bart. Sir JOHN G. T. SINCLAIR, Bt. :M.P. Sir HARRY VER~ EY, Bart. Lt.-Gen. Sir J. ST. GEORGE, K .O.B. l\Iajor-Gen. Sir H. O. B. DAUBEXEY K.O. 13. ' Lady LECHl\IERE. Mrs. OHARLES BUXTON. Mrs. A . HARFORD PEARSON. MitiS A. P. hwy. l\Iiss J Oill ~TON . GEORGE T. BIDDULPII, ESQ. F. H. DAVIES, Esq., M.R.I.A.

Rev. , VILLIAM: DE TON. Oaptain FORTESCUE. ED"\YIN FRESIlFIELD, Esq. JOH~ FURLEY, Esq . T. ROWLEY HILL. Esq., l\1.P. V. BARRINGTON KEN ETT, Esq., M.A., L L.l\1. M. LASERO~, Esq., M.D. Surgeon-GeneralT. LONGMORE, O. B. ' V. l\IACCORMAC, Esq., F.R.O.S. A. O. l\1AcKELLAR, Esq.,F.R.O.S. Surgeon- ia,jor'V. G. N. MANLEY, V.O., R.A. Surgeon SANDFORD MOORE, M.B., F.~.S .

A. HARFORD PEARSON, Esq., M.A. Oaptain HERBERT U. PERROTT. Surgeon-lVIajor J. H . PORTER. OHAl,{LES RATCLIFFE, Esq., F.S.A. Oolonel SANDWITH. Dr. HUMPHREY SA DWITH, O.B. E. \VALFORD, Esq., M.A . Lieut.-Ool. GOULD \VESTON,F.S.A. R. "VOOF, Esq., F.S.A., F.RS.L.

;ID 0 no t UtU '§ur.etUl'tes. Captain HERBERT O. PERROTT. V. BAR.HINGTON-KENNETT, Esq., M.A.

Jj an oru rrr ~ubitars . 1\~(~:,;srs. LOVELOCK and H. ,V. S. vYIITFFIN

19, Coleman Street, E.C.

~anhers . Messrs. OOCKS, BIDDULPII & 00. .Ih . " \..J armg Cross.

HE COMMITTEE of the Eastern War Sick and \Vounded Relief Funu.," in presenting a Report of the work undertaken by them, consider it desirable to offer, for the information of the subscribers, a brief sketch of the mode in which the Fund was originated and organised. In consequence of the alarming reports which reached this country during the summer, of the frightful sufferings endured by the sick and wounded soldiers in the unhappy contest raging between the Turks and Servians- sufferings so enormously and needlessly aggravated by the lamentable deficiency of not only surgeons, but even of the most ordinary descriptions of surgical and medical appliances and stores-a Meeting of Members of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England (which, for a number of years past, has taken such effective, though unobstrusive, steps for the relief of human distress), was held on the 29th of July of the present year, at 13, Bolton Row, May Fair, London, the residence of Sir Eclmtmd A. H. Lechmere, Bart., M.P., the Secretary and Receiver of the Order, when it was unanimously resolved that, the need for some similar organisation being fully recognised, the meeting should pledge itself to use its utmost endeavours to obtain the funds necessary for affording efficient aid to the sick and wounded, such aid to be distributed in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Geneva Convent ion, and, consequently, irrespective of creed and political and party distinction. Those present at the meeting formed themselves into a Preliminary Committee (with power to add to its number), of which Sir Edmund Lechmere was requested to act as Chairman, and Captain Herbert C. Perrott consented to undertake the duties of Honorary Secretary. Subsequently the office of Treasurer was accepted by 1\1:1'. Andrew Johnston, late :M.P. for Sout h Essex; and the charge of the materiel" was undertaken for a short period, prior to hl~ departure for th scat of war, to

superintend the transport arrangements of the National Aid Society, by Mr. V. Barrington-Kennett, a gentleman of considerable experience in similar duties during both the Franco-German and Carlist 'Val's. Surgeon-Major W. G. N. Manley, V.e., R.A., and .Mr. vv. MaeCormae, F.R.e.S., of St. Thomas's Hospital, e011~ented to act as a Medical Sub-Committee (with power to adll to 1t~ numb~r); and Sir Edmlmd Leehmere most libm'ally placo(l hIs house In Bolton Row at the disposal of the Committee, for lU:lC as temporary offices. It may here be mentioned that later on a similar kind offer of offices on Ludgate Hill was m~dc by Si: J. 0:. T. Sinclair, Bart., M.P., and would probably have been glacUy availed of, had the Relief Fund continued its distinct exi. tence for a longer period. At the Preliminary Meetino' on July 29th , there was present a medical gentleman, Dr. M. Laseron, of Tottenham, who was about to start for the scene of hostilities, and who~ at t.he request of the Committee, undertook to supply all possIble information respecting the actual and most pres. ing wants o.f the sufferers, the cost of tran. port, and the descriptioll of mechcal and other stores most required, and these and other interesting particulars contained in letters and teleO'rams received from Dr. Laseron were duly"'published in the daily press. At an early stage in its proceedings, the Committee was fortunate in securing the kind and able co-operation of two benevolent ladies, :Miss A. P. Irby and ~Iiss P. Johnston, whose names are well-kno"wn in connection with the" Bosnian and HerzeO'ovinian Fugitives' Orphan Relief Fund." These ladies w~re induced to join the Committee, and from the acquaintance of the former with the language, and from the knowledge of both of the country, and of the leading pOl'sons of position and influence, they were enabled by their advice to afford considerable aid and a. istance. Miss Johnston had collected, from her relatives and friends, a sum of over £515, which she at once generously placed to the credit of the Committee, on whose behalf it was disbur ed by her, for travelling expenses and the purchase of stores, to Dr. Laseron, who went out, accompanied by Messrs. Marsdin and Ram.'den, and two surgeons of St. Thomas's Hospital, Messrs. T. ~fant Sandwith and T. Hume. Three more surgeons, also of St. Thomas's IIof;pital, (namely, lVlr. A. O. MacKellar, F.R.e.S., Mr. Attwood, and ~Ir. Evan Hare, with a dresser, Mr. Boyd,) volunteered to proceed to the scat of "val' at their own cost, on the ~,

un(ler~tanc1ing

that the Comrnittee ,,",'ould repay them their expenses, Bhould the state of the funds allow; and, their. ervices having been accepted on this condition, the Committee was thus ona1)lo(1 to send out almost Rimultaneously at the very commencement of its oporatiolls a strong ant1 well-organiseu party, whose skilful and humane exertions could not fail, owing to their comLined and united action, to be doubly more valuable than those prompted merely by individual and isolated effort. In order to attract the attention of the public more particularly to the aims and objects of the Fund, it was considered very desirahle that a public meeting should be held, and the Committee was happily Buccessful in obtaining the kind consent of the Right Honourable the Earl of Harrowby, K.G., to occupy the Chail'. The meeting accordingly took place at Willis's Rooms, amI the proceedings may perhaps be best described by (luotinr" tho follo'w ing account, which appeared in the Times of 'Voclnosuay, August 16, 1876 :-. THE 'VOU:NDED IN SERVIA.

A Public Meeting, in support of the ({ Eastern V\Tar Sick and 'Younded Relief Fund," was held yesterday at 'Villis's Rooms, uncleI' the presidency of the Earl of Harrowby. The Fund is to be administered under the rules of the Geneva Convention, and ,yithout political aim or object. Among those present were Lady Stl'<lngfon1, Miss A. P. Irby, :Miss Johnston, Sir Edrnund Lechmere, ~I.P., Sir Harry Verney, Colonel Loyd Linc1Ray, 1\I.P., :iYIajor C. J. Burgess, Mr. Andrew Johnston, ~lr. Nicolas Ivanoyitch, "Thlr. J o11n Furley, Surgeon-1Iajor "V. G. N. Manley, Dr. Cuffe, "Thlr. Commissary Young, Major de "Vinton, 11rs. R. Spencer Stanhope, MI'. G. Bic1l1ulph, 1Ir. A. H. Pearson, and Captain H. C. Perrott. It was stated on behalf of the administrators of the Fund that Dl'. Laseron has already proceeded to the seat of 'war, ace ompaniu(l by t,yO surgeons, and has been followed by Mr. 1\I'Kellar, MI'. Att,vood, II'. EYan Hare, 1\h. T. ~Iant Sandwith, and 1Ir. T. HUHle, of St. Thomas's Hospital. The following letter from Mis3 Nightingale was read at the beginning of the proceedings :Good cheer to your efforts to help the sick and woullllcd of hoth sides, :1lH.l hring them hospital :1nd medical necessaries and cOllJfOl'ts too, I hope, in this hC(1,rtrclllling wa.r, :1 war for a cause as intell,:;ely interesting as the cause of mo:;t ,Y:1rs is ullilltel' sting, :1 war which ,rill pll'<t:;e U()(l, :1t last, at la::,t bling freedom, the sat' ty ,:mel l>1ebbin<rs 01' hOlllo, of industry, of 11l061'o:-,; ', all that Engli:::lllnon am1 Euu1i::;ln\ ~llen and Ellg1i:-h chillhcll most prize. b

And let eycry English drill1 o-j-\"e its mite to ,yhat are now tfl(~ Valleys of the Shadow of Death. :.:;, Hut for this-to e execute dghteousne. s amI judgment for all the oppressec1'-we must help" rightcou. 1y" the sufferers on all sides. So Gou speed the ,e Eastern 'Yar Sick and 'Y ound u Helief Fund" prays Florence ~ightingale with all her mio'ht from her sick bed. ' \\Tith £10 lOs., and I wish it were 100 times as much. AuO'ust 13

1876.

Capt.am Perrott read a Report from the Provisional Committee. According ~o thi report, a meeting of the Order of St. J o11n of J eru al ill In England was held on the 29th of July, at the residence ~f the Secretary and Receiver of the Order, Sir E. Lochmere, w~en It was l'esol.v ed tl:at, .there .1eing no organisation then in eXlsten~e for affording relief Irrespective of political aim or object, a commlttee should be formed of members of the Order and others ~or the purl~ose of. aft~Tcling such aid as possible to the sufferers In the conflIct ragIng In the East, A Provisional Committee was formed. Dr. Laseron, being about to proceed to the seat of ,val', w~s r eques.ted to supply the Secretary of the Order of St. John With such Info,rmati?n as ~ight enable the public to j'uc1ge of the actual want of ~urglc~l assl~tance> and the description of medical stor~s most reqUlred, .lncluchng cost of transport, and such other partIculars as he JIUght consicler necessary. Several telef'rrams have been r~ceived from hi111) which have appeared in the ~ews papers: ~~bss .Johnston a lady who has since joined the C?mrmttee? h~vIng collected a sum of £.515 from her personal fne~c1s, supplied Dr. Laseron with £ 100 to enable him to make the JOUl'ney to BelgTade, and to take with him two other surgeons, as well as to purchase stores 7 and these gentlemen were soon afterwards followed by five other surgeons. Several of these gentlem~n have gone out primarily at their own expense. Surgcon-Th'IaJor 'vV. G. N. Manley, V.c., R.A., and Mr. William ~ac~.ormac, ~~rgeon to St. Thomas's Hospital, who had great expen~nce dunng the Franco-German war have consented to form a Medical Sub-Committee, with power to add to their number. ~he. charge of the material has been undertaken by Mr. V. Barnn~ton-Ke.nnett, a gentleman who had large experience in similar dutles durm both the recent Carlist war and that between France and Germany. Independently of £515 collected by Miss Jlohns~on, and ad:ranced by her to the surgeons on behalf of the Commlttee, ~h~re IS at the present moment in the hands of the bank~l'S reCeIVIng subscriptions, a sum of £270 8s., besides which donatIOns to the am?Ul?-t of over £100 have been promised, but have not yet been 'paId l~. The report concluded with an urgent appeal to the publIc t~ aId the Committee in alleviatino' suffering. Lord Ha.lTowby saId the Order of St. John of J er~salem had already taken steps for the relief of the sick and wounued on the 7

field of battle under the banner of the Red Cross. Without any distinction or partiality between contending parties, t?ey go, wherever sufferinO' calls for them. We had had expenence of their trustworthin~ss, and knew that they acted on definite principles. 'vVe knew that they are recognised amongst. all civilis~cl nations, and we hoped the same respect would be pald to them In their work in those Eastern and semi-civilised regions which had been sho'wn them in the more civilised \Vest. The work they were Ullclertaking was not one in "v~lich ladies. ought to be engaged. It was too rough a task for theIr per. onallnterference. The most pressing want was medical help, whether as regards meclical appliances, or the medical science and skill to make use of them. Those were the things which were most urgently required. They would almost all have read in the public newspapers the most urgent requests for assistance. They had learnt that the two parties were engaged in war without having mac~e the usual provisions for the sick and wounded which are made In the similar undertakings of more regularly ordered Governments. Here were thousands of persons engaged in a de perate conflict, with very little of that machinery for the relief of the victims of the disastrous incidents of war which civilised nations usually provided. Let us, therefore~ supply this necessity. Let. us assist tho. e who now come forward "Wlth a name aheadyestablIshed for sklll and humanity, with a name recognised among the civilised peoples of Europe. He did not knowwhet~ler it was for him ~o ~ay J?ore. He had not hitherto been engaged In any of the prelimmanes of this undertaking. He had only recently been called on to assist in it. But when two ladies, one of them. having made the invaluable exertions mentioned in the report, called upon him and asked him to assist them in this work, he felt that at this time of year, especially when so few are in London, he ought not to be wanting to lend what little aid he could. (Hear, hear.) They would hear more from Sir Harry Verney, who, closely conn ected with Miss Nightingale, was himself admirably qualified to address them on such a topic. (Applause.) Lord Harrowby concluded by moving the first Resolution, "That this M~eeting) havino' heard the report of the Provisional Committee initiated by th~ Order of St. John, for tl~e purpose of. affor li~g relief ~o the wounde 1 in the present war Hl the East, Irrespectlve of pohtical aim or object, and in strict conformity with the Geneva Uonvention, desires to express its approval of the means adopted, and pledges itself to use every endeavour to aiel. this humane object." Sir Harry Verney said he had great plcasuTe in seconding this resolution. It was quite impo'sible for a. meeting of Englishmen and Englishwomen to 1e hl'hl on t1.i~ Sl.ll)j 'ct without expref:ising

the hOlTor that all felt at the barbarous way in ",yhich tlJis war has been carried on-at the" unprccellcnted barbariti(;~," as Mr, Bourke had saill himself in the House of Common., It had been said t~lat the war hall been conducted with a much barbarity on one sIde as on the other, But that was untrue ancl as much must be apparent to everyone who knew that th~ one sidc had no l~o,:er, not even weapons, and the other had. The majority of (;h1'1 tmns had no power. The minority of Turks 11ad. Sir Harry Yerney relatell tlw atrocious raYaO'ino' of a Clll'ir:,tian village. through \ybich they had passed by sO~lle bAlbanian soldiers at a tune- many years ago-when he was himself stayi])o' at Corfu. The story was not believed; but Sir H. ,Yard sent fti~CIS to ascertain the t~'uth, and the details were confirmed. \Ye ougLt to have more 1'lcc-consuls, yVe ought to ha1'e more power in Turkey than any other country in the wOlld. \Vhen Lord Stratf~rcl de Redcliffe was 0:rr aml)assador there, he had only to put hIS finger on any atrocIOUS act that had been cOll1mittell and immediately)')uni"hment follo'\yed. The ohject of that me~ting was to obtaIn funds to send out medical comforts and medical assista~ce to those poor creatures who were now suficring. His ho~. fnend, <:olonel Loyd Lindsay, would infOllll thelll of the assmtance wInch the National Aiu Society intenuell to give on this occa. ion. Col~nel Loyd Li~ldsay, M.P" Chairman of the ~ ational Society for. AId to the SIck and \Vounded in "Val' (a body wbich is belie,ved to have l1lOl'e than £GO,OOO at its di, po.'al for elllcrg~m~Ies), tl;er: made a statement as to the part which the J'\ atlOnal SocIety proposed to take. He said the F "uncl ",yas created for thc sick and wounded in "\"'iTar :-1. In the case of war in wh,ich England is. a principal, the Fund would be applied exclUSIvely to the I'elief of our "'iyounded. 2. In the case of war between t\yO i.nclepenclent countries, with 110th of which England, as a neutral, IS con~lectecl by friendly diplomatic relations, the Fur: d wO~11cl be ~pphcd .to each party, through the assistance and aclvIce of our dIplomatIC representatives in those countries. It was a case of this character-the Franco-Gmman war-wbich excited tl.1c sympathy of this country) and for 'which the Fm.d :YUS contnbutell. All the r111e8 for the guidallce of the trustees 11:. the m.ana~·ement of th~s FUl:d ha1'e been formed in ha11110ny '; ]tl: tIns VIew. . Accordi~gly, In the cafle of the recent war in ~palll-a WaI' of l11SUrrectIOn again. ,t the Government, a civil war ]11 fact-all requests for the intervention of the Fund were refuscll as .i nconsistent vyith the principles upon which the Fund was e 'tal)hshed. In tIns course the Committee were unanimous, anll there was eve]'y rea, 'on to believe that the course they adopt~'(l was approye.d ~y public sentiment. The question arises) Is tIn;:; precedent Llll(lmg upon the Committce in the prcsent

case, or are there t1rising O\lt of t1~is war in the East special ~ir cumstances anll consideratIOns whIch should relea.'e the application CJf the :E unu from the rules by ",:hich it has hi.thert~ Leen restricted? This is not an internatIOnal war. It IS aJ?- ~n.sur rectionary contiict between people half barbarou~, half CIVIl~sCll. \Ve have no security that the sacr?d chara?ter of the Red Cross will be recocfJlised as a safe<fuard In the mIdst of the barbarous atrocities which are attribut~d to both partics. ,Ye are told that the Roumanian Government asked permission from the Porte to send ambulances uncleI' the protection of the Refl Cross to both the Turkish and Servian Armies) and that the Ottoman Government, in reply, stated that it did not believe its soldiers wero sufficiently civilised to understand tl-:e nature. of the ambulance " so that the, e lattc)' might run t~le rIsk o.f ,beln~ attacke~l by the troops. On the other hand, tIns ,val' differs hom the I~1.SUlTec tionary wa,r in the north of Spain .in one important p,artIcularnamely, that we can apply our aI~ through. the aS~Istance a.n d a(l \Tice of our cliplomatic representatIves both In Ser\"'1a and -:Vlth the Turkish Army. 'Ve have a consul at Belgrade) and chplomatic relation with the TUl'ki. h Army. Although the Fun.d was not CJriginally subscribed with a view to a .waI~ of th,IS character, yet we believe there are grolUld~ to Justify u . ill concluclinCl' that the subscribers would now WIsh to see a portIOn of the Fu~d expended where there ~s SUC? overwhe~l11il~g ne~d, The Committee has, therefore) placed Its~lf In .communlcatI?n ",nth Lord Derby, who has communicated "WIth SI:r Henry EllIOt a.nd ~tJ:r, \Vhite) our consul at Belgrade, to ascertaIn fl:0I?- the TurkIsh and Servian Governments whether they are WIllIng to accept aid from the Society, on the express understanding that the as.'i tance given on one side will be given t? the same extent on the othor and also in what way that a sIstance can be best furnished. \Vith reCl'ard to this last point, it is to be observed that we (rather froll~ the best allvice within our reach that, 'with the exception of a few articles which are not ve:'Y bulky, it will be better to procl~re storcs nea~' the sc?ne .of actIOn. • Indeed) the citics of the contulent) of wInch I WIn Instanc \ TlOnna as one, are superior to London .i~self as a depot for such wares. The Tinws conespondent, wrItIng from t1~e ,seat of 'war, says "a combination of ctForts from all thc SOClOtlCS would promote both efficiency and econ?my; a~ld the n:ws furnished by the correspondents of other Journals In to-~ay s l?apers of the u!lf?rtunate disunion between the representatIves oi two of the. oClebes demon'tl'ates clearly that the advice is much needc~l. It i· to be hoped that the N ationa~ Society, who are l~ccC:E?'nl. 'c~l by tl~e Foreirfn Office and who WIll act through the Englu'lh lhplomatlC agent~, and vyith strict in~partiality, .'will be a~)lc, th.rongh thejl' agent, to ulli te allll cOUllJIlle th~::;e fOI'ces) whIch) uf cour,'e, can II

10 have only one 01ject--viz., to aid the unfortunate sufferers in the war. For these considerations the Committee think they are justified in asking the tru tees to devote a sum of money to be used, according to the rules of the Society, in this war in the East. :Thly lord, I have answered your question to the best of my power, and I hope to the satisfaction, and in a way to inspire confidence, in the many, many thousands of Engli h111en ancl Englishwomen who contributed to the Fund in 1870 and 1871, of which we are the trustees. (Cheers.) Careful watchfulness will be needed on the part of the persons intrusted. Colonel Sandwith moved the second resolution, ,,,hich proposed the formal appointment of the Provisional Committee as a Committee with power to add to their number. Sir Edmund Lechmere was to be Chairman; Mr. Andrew Johnston, Treasurer; Captain H. e. Perrott and Mr. Barrington Kennett were to be Honorary Secretaries; Lord Conyngham, Lord Shaftesbury, Lord Leigh, Sir G. Beaumont, Sir J. St. George, Sir T. Dick-Lauder, Sir H . Daubeney, Sir J . Sinclair, :ThI.P., Dr. Longmore, Dr. Porter, and Dr. Humphry Sandwith, were to be among the members. Colonel Sandwith, in proposing this list of names, recommended the formation of local committees throughout the cities, towns, and villages of the kingdom, like the committee which had already been formed at Worcester. 111'. '\v. ~l'Uormac, F.R.e.S., seconded the resolution. He spoke of men who had died, and of men who are dying, the most horrible of deaths from the simplest injuries, merely because the ordinary surgical aid was not at hand. 1lr. Andrew Johnston moved the third resolution-" That the hearty thanks of this Meeting be tendered to Miss Nightingale, for her invaluable support and her warm expressions of sympathy to the Eastern Sick and Wounded Relief Fund." Even in the French and German war, between two of the most civilised powers in the world, :NIl'. Johnston said he had seen enough of what was suffered by the sick and wounded to form, perhaps, some faint and indistinct idea of what must be the condition of things in a struggle, carried on day after day and night after night, by two sets of combatants so far removed from civilisation, and in such a distant and out-of-the-way part of the world as that in which war is now carried on. To have separate societies was a waste of power. At the same time, the diversities of these societies had, unintentionally no doubt, been somewhat ~xag gerated by the correspondents at Belgrade. For instance, a correspondent had, the day before that, spoken of surgeons sent out by the Order of St. John and surgeons sent out by the National Aid Society, whereas every surgeon mentioned was sent out bv their own Committee. :Thh:. John Furley cconded the rc.olution. He ohf.;crved that

it is not only in England Miss Nightingal: .i~ known, b~lt her is honoured in every country of the CIVIlIsed world Just as ~taI~~e . Lon" on This Committee might well use the tenns 1 L In u. . 1 . I 1\1' "in aluable support" in speaking of the manner In w nc 1 ISS Nicl'htincrale had come forward.. (Hear, hear.) Sir Edm und Lechmere proposed a vote o~ tha~lks to Lord Hanowby, whose nallle is associated, he saId, WIth s? m~n! hilanthropic objects, and who had shown so d~ep an Interest fn that which caused their presence there. ~e hllns~lf had l felt some hesitation in accepting the post ~f Cha~rJ?an of t.he C~~n mittee. Those duties which he had$ In adchtIOn to ~llS parliamentary duties, called him into the country, and whIle ~e W~b ready to do everything ehie he could by correspoJ?-dence or otherwise, he could not give his personal attendanc? In .London.. He hoped and believed we were abo:ut .to see a combInatIOn of vano~s bodies and that a stron o ' aSSOCIatIOn would be formed. Thouoh ladies' could not be employeu at present in the Ea~t, theI~e ,~as much that coulcl be done here. Mr. :Manley, who was ill ,-,h~ r'oolll woulJ. upply any lady ·with a model of a bandag~, l~rge quantities of which could be mad: and sent. o~t. SubscnptIOns of money ,vere much wantecl . B&s dCf.-t qU,L cdO ..dat, and they had received in the room clonatIOlls from Lord Hanowby, Colonel Loyd Lind 'ay, and the Hon. G. :ThI. Fortescue. The Rev. \V. Owen, in seconding the vote of thanks, spoke of the devotion of ~liss Trby and ~Ii. s Johnston, not Ol~l:y now, but for a long period, to the amelioration of the C?nchtIOn of the Serbs, among whom they had promoted educatIOn, and whose lancrua(fe they had learnt to benefit t h e m . . . H. Collingridge said ~le had the aut~10nty of :Thfr. ~l~Ite, our consul at Belgrade, for statIng that the fn:nds of any surgeon in Servia need not be unduly anxious as to hI~ safety. . The vote of thanks was carried, as the prevIOUS resolutIOn had been, unanimously. . ., . .' Lord Harrowby, in acknowledgIng It, saId that ?hele were those whose services had been much greater than hI , to whom the thanks of the meeting ought to be addre. ~ecl. It would, )el'haps, be harcliy grateful to :ThIiss Irby and ~hss J ohn~t,on to tlave those thanks formally expressed; but perh~ps he ~Ight be permitted to refer to the gratitude felt ~or then exertIOn : J?-ot ut forth at thi' crisis alone, for the best Interests ~f the SCI VIan ~eople. One O'entleman who addressed tl1e ~neetmg had dwelt upon the mise~ies of war. He did J?-ot knov~T If we are gen.eral~y aware of the greatness of the ble. SIngs we In El~glancl nJ?y In our immunity in that re pect. We st~ncl spectatols of .the dramas cnactin a for our instruction, to eXCIte our sympatllles, to call forth o~r national virtue of henevolcnce. (~ea)', l?car.) At any moment the caprice of' H, (lc~pot, or the capnee of H, <tcmagogue ..l

Mr. W.

1:2

~~¥ o~lugl'e o~n' fnotilgh bour~' fiolds vvith 1100d and dCfmlatc them. y loal 0 lese thmo' But I 1 . . olwht to sy th' d I b~·. ' on y learmg ot them ,YeO tb~m ' and ~~a ]s~ t ~ep y wIth th.ose who actual1y ellclul'e , " oug 1 0 pay our tnbute not only of 111 '1 sympathy, but of material help, towanls th~se 'who ' ft'. Ol~ cannot expect to H 1 1 l' .. . , I)U Cl as "e Gene"'(Ta C t: e 10pec t len: Rchef Fund migbt under the \ onven lOn be of o'!'eat se" . . . . ' which are now desolatmo' the fertil~v~ce~ ~n l~~Itlgat~lg tho ho1'1'ol's (Applause.) 0 Cs 0 1e ower DanuLc. The meeting then dispersed. . I~ consyequence of the foregoing statement by Colonel Lovd L InClsay C 1t1: P . " .J "N t ' '1 ne~ocIatlOns wore onteroll into ,,-ith the at.lOna OClOty for AId to the Sick and Wounded in 1N ar" a 't C, c mee mg of whose Executive C followin' R ' ommI tee was helel, at which the g esolutlOns were passed, as reported in tl ']1.' , f August 17 : 1e ~1nes 0

S", '"

1. That the Trustees be request d t 1 exceeding £20 000 t b 1 .e 0 c eyote a sum, not in the relief of' th~ o. : use~ accordmg to the rules of the, 'oci ty no; e~gaged in the ~~ar ~~(th:oE~!ed of the belligerent armies 1 hat Colonel Loyd Lindsa b l . Commissioner of the Society at'tClY e t ctCJ.uested to act as the 3 Tl 10 sea 0 war . . lat Mr. M'Cormac, Sura'eon of St Tho~' , requested to accompany Colgnel L Tc1 'L' I las s HospItal, be tOJI mc say as SUl'geon-inChief of the National Aid So . t 4 Tl t S', E I Cle Y a t 1e seat of war, . la 11 c mund Lechmere M P b I Deputy Chairman of C . ' . ., e requestec to act as Galton be invited to acce ~~~lIttee, an~l ~hat Captain Douglas Committee during the alsenc: ;l~ ~f Ci1~rm~nL~t the Executive 5. That the res t C ' 0 ?ne oye Inclsay. vVounded ReliefF~l~nd beommlttee of the Eastern V\r ar Sick and National Aid Society acld~~l t~ the General. Committee of the eighteen members be' fo~'~~ed ~a, an ExecutIve Committee of funus cOlltributed by the N a:tioO~alt~ IP~l'p~se of allo~ting the sources towards this war and c. OClCty and flom other thirds from the N ation~l Aic~o~lp~s~d In the propO,rtior: of tvvoc C.ommittee of the Eastern '\\'"ar 8i \e y, ~~ one-thu'd !rom the vlz,-Lieutenant-Colonel Lo d Li~c~s:n ~unded Rehef ]und, stone, Lord Shaftes1mrv K G~ C 1 '1 y'l Y.c., :rvr,P., Lord Over,-,' H . u' . . , 0 one tIe Hon C H L ' 1 ~ll' any Yorlley, Sir N. lVI. de RotllR C1 '11 M ' . " me say, Galton, Ljeutenant-Colonel lkt.' 'k'P" Ca,ptalll Douglas Furley, Surgeon-General Lo . lac enbUlY, lVlr. John C. J. Bu]'o'c 's 8i1' ELI ngmore, lVIr. Kilkman . Loyd JHajor JIb " ' . ec lmel'e 1IP M1' ,\V 1tl'C 'M o ll1ston, Lil'lltenant-GenC1'aJ S' ~ J 'J " Nt .C · O!'lllaC, r. A, General Sir }J, ( (, D, DallLC'}<w,'.llr {~ /}l ~ " :t:c.Ol'g~, h ,C,B., MajOl·v' \..\. ,.v" \. aptaIll :B Ol'tl's(;ue. o.J.

9.B.,

13 G, That Messrs, Coutts and Co" the Treasurers to the National Ai<l Society, he requested. to receive suLscription' for purposes of relief by this Uommittee. The reasons "which induced the Relief Fund Committee to accept these resolutions may be thus briefly described :-First, the great importance of united action, more especially because, acting as it was under the rules and regulations of the COllvention of Geneva, by which also the J: ational Society is equally Lound to preserve strict neutrality as regards belligerents, the existence of two distinct organisations, with precisely simIlar objects, would only Ilave tended to have frustrated, to a great extent, the humane intentions of the subscribers, Secondly, the power of the National Society to afford at O?1Ce substantial aid, owing to the large balance of funds remaining unexpended after the Franco-German ,\Var. Thirdly, the con£denc~ which the public have in them a a tried and ol<1.-establif5hed body, and the comparative ea 'e 'with which, consequently, they would be able to raise a(lditional funds when neces ary, And fourthly, the fact of their recognition by our own and foreign governments, "hich would greatly facilitate the prompt and efficient use of the means at their command. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the surgeons sent out under the auspices of the Relief Fund Uomlllittee were eventually taken into the service of the National Society, and, as will be seen by the Balance Sheet, the subscriptions received by the former "ere paid over, after deducting liabilities, to the latter, a small sum only being retained for the present, to defray the cost of printing and issuing this Report. The work of the "Eastern V\r ar Sick and vVounded Relief Fund" as a separate body being thus tcrminated, a final Meeting of the Gencral Committee 'was helLI, at which cordial votes of thanks were passed to Sir Edmund Lechmere, not only for his ahle conduct in the Chair, Lut for the great expense saved to the lfund by the generous manner in which he had allm,ed the use of his house as temporary offices; as wcll as to Captain Herbert C. Perrott, "for the zealous and valuable services which he has rendered to the Committee as i.ts Honorary Secretary." The best acknowledgments must also be made to 1Iesf5rs. Lovelock and H. 'V. S. \Vhiffin, Public Accountants, of ID, Coleman Street, E.C., for their lilJcl'ality in accepting and pClfonning the duties of Honorary AUllitors.

This Report would be incomplete, if reference to the W Ol'cester Local Committee and its indefatigable Honorary Secretary, Mr. R . Woof, F.S.A., to whose labours on its behalf so much of its success is owing, were omitted. It may not be generally known that Worcester is, it is believed, without exception, the only town in the United Kingdom which has preserved intact the same organisation by which it was enabled to perform such valuable and efficient aid as a local branch of the National Aid Society during the recent lmfortunate conflict between France and Germany. \iVithin a few days, therefore, of the initiation of the present movement by the Order of St. John, a Preliminary Meeting was held, and a Committee was formed, of which the Hon. John S. Pakington was elected Chairman. An appeal was immediately made to the reRidents in the county and elsewhere for funds, and the Mayor kjncUy placed a room in the Guilclhall at Worcester at the disposal of the Committee for the reception of ?71aitftriel, numerous bales of which were sent by Mr. Woof to the offices at Bolton Row, whence they were forwarded with tl~e other stores to the seat of war. It only remains now for the Committee to offer its best thanks to the many ladies and gentlemen who have rendered such valuable aid by their useful and honorary service; to the long list of contributors, both in money and in kind, whose names are appended; and, finally, to express a hope that the work left in the hands of the older Society may b carried on, not alone to the satisfaction of those who are interested in it in this country, but in every civilised nation where Christian Charity labours to alleviate human pain and suffering. (Signed)

EDMUND A. H. LECHMERE, Chai?'man.

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JOTE.-Subscriptions received from two members of the Order of St. John, viz., the Earl of Glasgow (£ 25), and the Rev. G. n. Portal (£5), are not included in the Ba;iance Sheet or following lists, these sums having been forwarded to Sir Edmund and Lady Lechmere, and disbursed with other monies sent to them for the use of the Servians only, during their recent visit to the llospitals i ll Turkey and Servia. (Vide Appendix).

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LIST

OF SUBSCRIPTTOJ..YS.

Order of St. John of Jerusalem ill EngJand £50 0 0 Sir E. A. II. Lechmcre, Bart., ~I.P. 50 0 0 Pcr Charlcs J .Alfol'll, ES(l.,C.E. 29 9 0 His Grace the Dukc of cstminster, K.G. 25 o o Lady Louisa Percy 20 o o Lady Lechmere 20 o o A. F. L. 20 o o Edwiu Freshfieltl, Eeq . 15 o o Per the Lord Provost of Aberdeen 12 0 0 :Miss Florence Tightingale 10 10 0 :Mrs. " -ilson 10 10 0 The Most HOll. the Marquis of 11 ertfonl 10 10 o R. E. l\I onice, Esq. 10 10 o J. P. ThomaseolJ, Esq., (Per E. A. Freeman, Esq.) 10 o o The Rt. Hon. the Earl of Harrowby, KG . 10 0 0 J. Hilyard, Esq . . . . 10 0 0 '1'hc Rt. Rev. the Lord Bishop of ' Yin chester . 10 0 0 T. RO"'ley Hill, Escl" M.P. 10 0 0 Miss Nunl1 aud Si::.ter 10 0 0 Anonymous, ,Yands\\,orth 10 0 0 Per Captain Fortescue . . 6 10 0 Offertory, t . Micbael's, Cambridge, per Hcv. E. Haggis 6 8 0 Mrs. A. ::\1. Gladstone (children and. governess) 5 16 0 Lcwis EYans, Esq. 5 14 0 Licut-General Sir J. Lintom SimllJOl1s, K.C.B. 5 10 0 St Leonard's (Parish) Strcatham, pCI' Hev. J.R Nicholl 5 10 0 Sir lIarry ' -erney, Bart. 5 5 0 Lady Yerney . 5 5 0 H ev . Canon Liddon 5 5 0 Evan Hare, Esq. 5 5 0 Surgeon-Major "-iles, reI' Surgeon SmlLlfOJ U Moore 5 5 0 Sir Arthur II. Elton, Dart. 5 5 0 S. B. Bevington, ESl!. 5 0 0 5 0 0 Mrs. F. 11. Leaf Captain Douglas Galton . . 5 0 0 },] l'. and 1\1rs. Edward Douglas. 5 0 0 Miss Etl wards 5 0 0 }'Irs. Trotter 5 0 0 :Miss Anne Carnegy and Sister 5 0 0 H. C. F. Dallas, ES(1' 5 0 0 ] lOll. 1111'. alld Mrs Locke King 5 0 0 :'IIi!;s E. Leteb\'orth . 5 0 0 ,T. .\1. L. . 5 0 0

'1'. T\\"ining. EsCJ.. Hey. D. \\'rig-ht

o o o o o 0

£5

l!010ne1 I30111~ne, M.P., reI' Sir K Lccbmere 5 John Corbett, Eeq., M.P . 5 Hey. ,V. Lea, 5 Hey. S. J. Lawrence 5 Lally Charle ' Pan let 5 Miss Jane Wil::;Oll 5 Do. 2nd Donation 5 The Yiscount Rilcoursie 5 " Coralie " . . . 5 Lt. Colonel Gould 'IYeston,F.S.A. 5 Stalllcy Edwards, ES(1' 5 William Paton, ESl1 5 Rey . Canon }IunfLY Brown 5 l\[i~s M. A. Morse, ]Jer S. Edwanls, Eq. . . 5 A Lally (\Yeston-SUl)Cr-}Iare). 5 Anonymous 5 Misl'; Emily Pomeroy Pomcroy 5 Sir '1'. X. Did-::-Lallder, Bart. 5

J. D. H. Robert II. Arklcy, Esq Hemy Hoscoe, Esrl' I~cv. Z. '1' . Purcell Cecil E. Smith, Esq., p8l' A. H. Pearsoll, Esc1. P CI' Hcy. W. J . Frere II. Twining, Esq. Moiety, IJalTcst FestiYClI, pcr liev. '1'. Lmlgley Rev. 'W illiam Tate Ht. lIOll. theEad of Kintorc_. George O. Joy, Esci. Mrs. W . U. CUltIer

M. A. P. Miss Brodrick J. W. Nutt, EsCJ.. Miss Mary HeYllollls Pcr Hey. A . A. \\Tood l\In;. E. Macalla II Walter PhilJilllore, Esq. Dr. Ii,. E. Thompson F . It Davies, Esq., l\l.IU.A. 'IV. Charles J31'ml"u, Esq. Rev. A. J. Swainson Per Mrs. A . Harford Pearson . O. Douglas, Esq. Archdeacon Jacob Mi:s F. E. Green M iss Steward. Ney. George Hena.nd 1\1rs. Kelly l\lajor-{jc]J('ral Sir V. Eyre,

KC.13.

o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o 0 o o o o

o o o (I

o o

5 o

5 5 5

5 4 4

o o o o o

o u

0 0

3 10 6 3 3 o 3 3 0 330 :3 0 0 3 3

0 U

0 0

300 3

300 2 10 0 220 220 220 2

2 2 0 2 2 0 220 2 2 0 220 220 2

o o

. £2 o o Rev. T. ~r. B. Owcn :2 o o Mrs. I \ ('lIry Tumblill 2 U o ,J IJ hn l<'urh'y, ES(1' . 2 o o l\lajor-lIl' )J e mlj~.lwanl Lakc o o J .•\i chillsoll, ~S(1' \,' . .JLtl: La<.: hhn ESI1. '2 o (l Miss 11. 11. l)Olig,Oll ' . . '2 o o Tne J\(i-;ses 1\1oore, per .JlaJol'UCller<ll i:)ir 1I. C. B. lJil,ul>eiley, K. U. 13.. " 2 0 o Orphalls o[ ~t. Margaret s, East (hillstetlll, pcl' Rey. 1 11 2 L ..\.lisoll . . 1 10 0 P el' }[iss :\1arj' J. I'awh' nce 1 lU 0 :\liss 1'. A. 11ill " BIOLa".

1 lU

1 lC1 0 ML:;s E. D. ~e\\'collle 150 R "v. Thomas Lallgl~y 150 J\ll"n'lll'. lJO\\'SOll, ES(l' 150 Three ~isters 150 W. A. Goley, E::;fl.. 1 4 0 Pel' 1\[rs. 1ho\\'ulow 140 Miss Uilby O,l'crtory, t J ohn's Colt;h~s t er, pcr Rev. H.. T. \\ lllttill "Loll . ' 1 3 6 W. H. PottCI', ESI}. 1 1 o H. Uayll'<Ll"ll, l~S' l'.., For- 1 1 U Mrs. :-Ipooll er, per Capt. 1 o teSl:lle ~ G eneral IJatherlcy. p er Capt. Fort escuc . . . 1 1 o Jamcs Win'an, 1£S(1-> per .JIaJc.r Uelll·~tl Sir Il. C. 13. lJJ.lL llellUY, K. C.13. 1 1 o JL Hatstollc, ,Esl1' 1 o o 'l'llnlllltS ('lark, .r.,sq. 1 o o }l rs. LcLkin 1 o o Mis:; IIaUler 1 o o ll. Pries tly, 1£.;CJ.. 1 o o 1I1rs. Key 1 o o ,Vill iam ~nlllmers, Escl' 1 o o lZev. \Y. F. J\bdlidmre . 1 o o )~CY. U. M. Sykes 1 o o Dr. X l'cllhalll . 1 o o Mrs A . 1Ltrf"ol'u Pearson 1 U o o o Mrs ..J. Bll,;k o o J. 11 iggs, ]£';(1· Rev. ,J ohn L'any 1 o o Charles Martin, E:3C1. 1 U o Rey. A. G. Hun ter 1 o o Miss P. Ashm()re ' . ' 1 o o lIirs. 'l'ynvltitt, per Capt. 1'01'1 o 0 t esu lle 1 o 0 l\Irs. M . If. Pltl'tridgc 1 o 0 . Mrs. llollgins . 1 o 0 l\I rs. D. A. llallett 1 o 0 "\\' . Kay, ESll. 1 o 0 1\1 iss 11 lslop 1 o 0 Slll"<'eo ll-Major J. II. Porter Mis~ }l. E. D. Selwyn, pCI' o o Rev. A . A. ,Voall o o Miss K Wat k illS and ~ister o 15 o 1'er E. .\. Praegel', ES(l'

}r. D.

£0 15

Per .fi!iSci J. V. Brown ltev. G. ~l. Platt . 13. Agutter, ES11., }IllS. Bac. U l'Y . D. JOlles Hey. A. l!. D. llYller l\lrs. Law Mrs. 11. Do. vis J. !lorron, ES(1' Miss Glocisop . F. H.

L. .Jlrs. A. Hughes ~1 rs. H. \\'00 19ate ~ . A. Biller, ESI1 . .

'Y. T. B.

David Francis, Esq. . Rev. J. H . Edg,ll', }I. A., per Sir II. C. B. Dan ueney, K. l!. 13. Hev. E. " pooner Miss C. S )loaner Sums nmler Tcn Shillings

o 12 o 10 o IJ o 10 o 10 o 10 o 10 o 11) o 10 o 10 o 10 o 10 o 10 o 10 o 10 o 10

o 6 (j

0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

o 10 o o 10 o o 10 o 5

Collected by JIiss Johnston. Miss P. Johnston. . 100 0 o lIlrs. Charles 13uxton 80 0 o 50 0 o \.!Hlrel\' J uhllstOll, j~sCJ.. . Samue11llorley, ES(1., ~\I. P . 50 0 o Sy(lncy l!. Buxton" ES(1' 30 0 o '1'. Fowe 'l Buxton. ESl1. . 25 0 o Itobl'rt lhrulay, Esq. 25 0 o '1' . G. Barclay, ES(l' . 20 0 o ~ir T. Fowell Buxton, ~al't . . 20 0 o lU. 1I0ll. W. Cowper 'Ielllp1e, .l\[.P. 20 0 o Offertory. Mitcham Church, 11 15 6 p er llev. D. Wilsall 10 0 o Lall \' Buxton 10 0 o l\[is~ C. E. Buxton 10 0 o G. lI. lIeall, ESl1 .. 10 0 o II. Hill, '&;(1. . . Ht. 11011. W. E. Forster, M.P. 10 0 o 10 0 o Mrs. Johllston 5 0 o .Jiiss BvelYll Buxton G 0 o Miles ;'[adllllcs, ES(l' 5 0 o Mrs. }LLd Hiles Edmund lhddlOuse, ES:l ,~I.P. 5 o o Joseph Hoare, ES(j. 5 o o }[rs. Fnl'slpr . 5 o o P er .Miss I~,l~rg('ss . . . ~ o o o o Alexander louueulI, ES(l' v Sir John U. T. ~illclar, Rut., 1\1. P. .. 35 0 o J. H. Gurney, Esq., Jum. 3 o .Miss R Llluisa Buxt.Oll ,', 3 0 o 1'er (, 8uUllay .Magazlllc :2 5 o 2 :2 o A . Southey, 11;sr1' . Mrs. Fuller lILtitlanll 2 0 o :Samuel Gurney, .ES(l' :2 0 o ~litiS MacInnes 1 1 o .Albert lle<ul, Est). 1 1 o ~\liss Eleaulll' lJuxtOIl 1 0 U

18 S. A. Blackwood, Esq. Rev. G. ,V. N e\YIlharn n. L. Miss Bennett Auonymous

. £1 1

0 0

o 10 2

0 0 0 0 6

Per AJess?·s. Hoare. H. W edgwood, E sq. S. Pepys Cockrill, Esq. W . de C. Brooke, E sq .. Miss C. W oUaston. . C.W.W. :Mrs. tocldart D ouglas . Dowager Lady P elly H . Fairfax, Esq. I-I on. G. 1\1. Fortescue R. 'Yebu, Esq. J. W. Barry, EsC] . . Miss Emily Cholmondeley G. U. Gray, Esq. Rev , V. T. L. Tilson Miss W. Martin Rey. W. \Y . Phelps HeY.S.J. Ram The Misses Pa~e C. H. F owler, Esq. H. Y. Stranger, Esq. Miss U . Burr . General Alexander John Smith, of Pera A ug. Cooper, Esq. J. CoUet t, Esq. L

14 10 ]0 10 10 10 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1

o o

0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0

2 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 10 10

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

P er l1fessrs. Robarts, L ubbock and Co. Offertory, St. Alkmunds,Derhy£13 W . Hobinson, Esq .. 5 Mrs . H eywood 5 R. E. E. W. 5 P . S. Duval, Esq. 3 Cheltenham Bank. 2 M. E. W . 1 F . U, E. 1 Mrs. Prideaux 1 The Misses James 1 Mrs. 111. Reynolds 1

13 5 0 0 3 10 0 0 0

Pe?' lJfeS81's. Banwtt, IIoct?·cs,

Co.

1\Ies rs. Truman, Hanbury, Buxton & Co. OITertory, Lutterworth Church per Rev. W . J . Wilkiu50n 1\iessri!. Barn ett and Co. . E. B. lIoare . Esq. . E. N. Buxton, Esq . . T. H . Buxton, Esq.

cf;

0 0 0

RELIEF FOR SICK A~D WOUNDED.

()

0 0 0

DiTections oj Surgeon-lIla,jar ]Jl anley, V.C., B.A ., j 01' Bandages, c{'c.

()

0 0

1. Esmark's Triangular Bandages to he of bleached calico, the calico to be 36 inches wide.

0 36 Inches.

10 13 10 10 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 5 0 0

Per illess?·s. Cocks, Bicldulph ancl Co. Lord Clermont

J. R T .

1\1iss Alice K endall Rev. E. M. Tomlinson Mrs. Deane C. A. Govet, Esq. Miss Deane

5 5

0 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 7 0

Mrs. Lee. ]\tIrs. Mudie. Mrs. ]\tIill. Per Rev. Thomas O'\V'en. Mrs. A. Harford Pearson. - - Roberts. l\lrs. Silverlock. l\Irs. Simpson. Miss E. Smith. Mrs. Tait. W. G. Taylor, Esq. C. G. Tindal, Esq. Mrs. Tite. The Misses ' Yatson. Miss \\Tilson. Mrs. right. Worcester Committee, Per R. , Voof, Esq., F .S.A.

36 Inches.

0 0

CONTRIBUTIONS of vanous descriptions of "materiel," lint, linen, charpie, bandages, &c., have been received from the following kind donors, as well as from others who have suppressed their names. Charles J. Alford, Esq., C.E. Mrs. Barclay. Borax Co. (Limited). Mrs. Charles Buxton. Messrs. F. C. Calvert & Co. Mrs. Cresford. Mrs. Crofts. :Miss M. Darrock. - - Dreeper. Mrs. Gibbs. :Mrs. W. Gurney. - - H unter. Miss A. P . Irby. 1Iiss E. H . Jenkinson. Miss Johnston. Miss E. Kew. 11rs. Key. Rev. Thomas Langley.

EASTERN , YAR, 1876.

II. Unbleached Calico Rollers 3 and 5 yards l~ng an~l ~~ incl~~s :de In each roller, at the out r encl, a piece of lint . 5 mc les WI e y . ci inches long, to be doubled and rolled in. . C.harple may ,also be used 111 this manner. Four pins, or one safety-pm, III each rollel. ______________~--~5~m ~.~ 3~ Ir~a1~n~s~ · -----------------r ~ ~ I L /? Icn . >-; ~~ ~

I~ ~

6 Inches,

III. Lint and Chal'pie.

These are the only articles th at are at present urgently required, and can be sent from Englanu. Small bales containing an assortment of the above, with the numbers of ea~h printed un the outside, may b~ forwarded.

A P PEN D IX. ACOOUNT

BRIEF

OF 80:\1 Ii: OF THE

CIIIEF TO'VN AND VILLAGE IIOSPlTALS IN SER,TIA , VISITED

SIR EDUUND AND LADY LECH:fiIERE, During the JJlonths of OCTOBER and JYOVEiliBER, in 1876. To u;hich is added em acconnt oj a Visit to the T·1.' I rr ' it",,/'sIL llosjJttal at Scntal'i.

collected and sent from 13, Bolton Row, through the National Aid Society. Ho. 'pital Gangrene unknown here. No had smells to be discoverfd in the wards, except, and that rarely, in very bad cases of sloughing wounds. Death. not numerous, and would have been even fewer, but for the strong ohjection of the men to amputations, frequently preferring death as the n,lternative, and sometimes consenting to hn,ve a lim h amputn,tcd wben too late to be of any use. The Eng1ish Hospital is pronouneefl by a competent judge, Baron :Mundy, to be the he::;t in Servia, and though of course its arrangements were as they ou(,ht nn,turally to be, far superior to the crowlled Hospitals ncar the front, it must be allowed, that with one or two exceptions, no Hospital at Belgradp came nearly up to it in respect of order, cleanlines', good ventilation and comfort. The sanitary arrangements seemed excellent, Nothing could exceed the energy and care with whi(;h the Director, n,ided most efficiently by his excellent Band of Sisters, carried out the wish of the Red Cross Society, in giying eyery possible attention to the wants of the many sufferers in his charge. SERVIAN HOSPITAL (GENERALLY CALLED THE LADIES' HOSPITAL).

BELGRADE

HOSPITALS.

Octouel', 1876. THE first Hosp't I .. 1 HOSprrAL ~ 1 ~ l'~ve YlSltec ~t ~elgra(le was THE BRITISH Dr, Laseron 'is e:l~~) ~i~,~~t~~ th e, N atlOnn.l Aid Society, and of ,yhich ~Iessrs. Attwood, Hnme, BO;7~s~1~~(1Il)j: s,e\'elm.~ En~lish filll'gco,llS, 111 hll'n to the !'ront Tl J' e aI, ane,' Ith, &c" ::;ome gOlllu , 1. Ie urses are Deacone 'ses f' D 1 b In, tltution at Tottellham thp , " < ::;. I~m r. Jaseron'::; y others, and Sel'yian Soldi~rs a; i~~~ a~s18ted Ib ]natl ve ,rumen and is on ninht elllty TIle S ,< 11'll1ler~ unc cr t 1em. One ])rHCOl1CSS b . Ul (feons seep 11 tl H 'lIT at a Hotel a(ljoinin o•• The Hos 't l' .1 H:J o'l!lta, t le ,urses Im,ilding (formerly ~ ColIeo'e) aJ~ ~i~~l cor~poi<;e,c~ ~f more tlUl:ll one t sUlte(~ to it::; temporary pll~p~se. Ahout ;~On, ;:I'latlO;lS made, :s well occuI)led. (Y lJ -L t , . t' J"T ' ue( s, ,0 of wInch n,re (J lie 10SjntuZ '/.I'U8 f ll) '1'1 ' mry and cheerfhl bed.s excellent -1 ~Il' 10 looms are lofty, each. The diets ,;'ore ~vcll cook ~J an\ I ylt llample space between and ,,,ine. The Government all e am 1 )era -soup, poultry, colfee illfl:l'ior Cluality Dr L " ( I °"1'8 meat, but that suppliecl bein o' of < , • aSeIon as cec an(l obtaine l I t b " (,l,ct III a manner more likel to tem ',l ~ave.o ,vary the 1 Clgarettes given out three tin;es d 'I appetIte of 81(;k men. plea ed and content. The Ho~ ,t~ J: 10 men, seem?tl [Lll well and chlorofol'lu, bandages mi}{llt a h~v~v~l supplIed wIth, quinine though large quantities were fOl'wal'lled f ,een ;lU~ie ~lentlflll, for <.Ida.) l:U very 1011 u on the road an 1 ., 1on~ . ~lg an , they were Afterwards, a go~d supply a~'l'iv~clt ~v~~~. aatt th~13 tune most wanted. ,< b1l: pm t com}losetl of stores ,

.J...,

{(

yt i;lC

A small Hospital, containing 25 beds. Managed by Servian Ladies. 21 patients the first time we visited it, A charming little Hospital, airy, well ventilateu, with a large space between each bed, wa.rm, clea.n, and most comfortable. MILITARY HOSPITAL. Contains about 130 patients or more. The rooms are large, rather (hrIt, and mn,(le more so by the colour of which the wn,lls are painted. The beds somewhat near each other. The urgeons seemed active and clever men. The Nurses are Servians, superintended by the wife of the Minister of ,,\Yar, Madame Jicol ky, who spends all her time here, and worl{s like a true Sister of Charity. There are many serious cases, but they flatter themselves they have few deaths, indeed, they say, scarcely any np to the present time (October 27th) . In connection with this Ho.'pital is a small one in a separate building, built by Princess Julie, now married to Prince Aremberg of Belgium. A SMALL HOSPITAL FOR 25 BEDS, a kind of "Barraque," built under Baron Mundy's specin,l superintendence. The beds were rather close together, and it wn,s not yery light (doubtless an advantage in summer though not now). Two heated stoves warmed it more tha.n desirable; it was exquisitely clean, and very comfortable. ACADEl\HE HOSPITAL. Military Academy, temporarily turnrd into n, Hospital. The buildillg was large, draughty, defcds in the sanitary arrangements

22 very obvious, and the rooms stuffy. As the objection of the patients to having the windows opened is not combated, and as there is no scheme of ventilation, this is hardly to be wondered at. 'We visited this Hospital again a fortnight later, when it had been made over to the Russians, and the Princess Schakovski had just taken possession of the wards. She complained bitterly of the dirty state she found the place in, but of course had not had time to make reforms, so we found it " as before." . At that time the Hospital was not so well provided with chloroform, and the Princess Schakovski told us she would be glad of a few bottles, which we accordingly ordered to be sent from the store we brought out with us. The Russians had a larger Hospital at Topschidere, some way out of the town of Belgrade; we had not time to visit this before starting for the Interior, and when we returned it was just being moved to several houses in the town. 'Ye were told by a French gentleman who had visited both, that the Russian Hospital was not equal to the English in point of cleanliness. THIRD RESERVE. Managed by Russians. About 67 patients when we vi. ited it on the 8th of November. It was by no means a "beau icleal" of a Hospital, not very clean, and some of the wards were heated to suffocation.

HOSPITALS

SEMENDRI~

RUSSIAN HOSPITAL OF THE "OLD BELIEVERS." I.Ierr Marcovitch, Director. This Hospital of which all the fittmgs, beds, tables, medicament." &c., were brought from Moscow, and are to be left as a free gift to the Oountry, is composed of three houses, one of which is a kind of Pavilion, glazed. An excellent and well supplied" Pharmacie." All was well arranged and seemeu very comfortable. The patients here, have the usual objection to am.putat~on, which, the Director says, is generally overcome by giving a httle tIme.

H 0 S PIT A L SAT

PAR ATe H I N.

We went over two large Russian Hospitals, cro,~ded with patients brought from the Battle Field. That ~hese HospItals could not ~e the perfection of neatness may be easIly understood. Every care seemed taken of the wounded, who were in most cases sen~ on to Scmendria and Belgrade as soon as they were fit to bear the.Journey. Crowded and dirty as some of the wards were, we. were mformed that cases of erysipelas are unknown, probably owmg. to the constant change which goes on. The Princess Schakovski was at the head of the Russian work here-she afterwards ~emoved to Belgrade. Two English Ladies (Miss Mc.LaugWen and MISS Pearson), have a kind of Ambulance here, where wounded we~'e brought, and when necessary the dressings changed before removmg them further. HOSPITALS IN THE VILLAGES BET'YEEN BELGRADE AND P ARATCHIN. Almost, if not quite, every village betwe:n these. two town~ on the hio'h road which connects them, has ItS HospItal, sometunes more than one Hospital, the smaller ones being simply "Houses of Call" for wounded soldiers, where the men are placed for a. few days, and then conveyed to one of the town Hospitals. SometIm~s the Village Reading-room, surmounted by the Red. Cross Flag,. IS fitted up with a few beds, and composes the. HospItal. ~ Russwn Surgeon generally in charge, and a man to aSSIst as Infirmwr, forms the staff. These little Hospices are clean and neat. At GROTSKA is a larger one, with two wards and ab~ut 20 beds -very well arranged. We visited it t:vice and found It on both visits clean and comfortable, and the patIents well cared for. Also at JAGODINA about four hours' drive from Paratchjn, good-sized Russian Hospital, one of the most airy and well ventilated that we saw.

SERVIAN HOSPITAL.

It was much to be desired that the English Red Cross Soci~ty could have been induced to have a similar one there, or at Paratclul1, or between Paratchin and Semendria, as for wounded men the long journey between Deligrad and Belgrade, alo~lg bad roads, i:r great heat, or latterly, intense cold, was very pamful, and especIally. so before the English barge,o)(. designed by Baro~l Mundy, and whIch conveyed men from Semendria to the HospItal at Belgrade was complete, and the whole journey was made over land.

About 1~0 patie.nts, a great number of whom were suffering from fever. ThIS HospItal was not the perfection of cleanliness, but the ~en ~eemed :vell. cared for. The Director was very courteous and kind m showmg It to us, and was gla(l to receive some bottles of chloroform, and especially of quinine of ",bieb he 'was in want.

* This barge was under the charge of ~Ir. V. Rarrington-Kennett, ror ~ sho~t time Assistant IIon. Secretary to the Rehef Fund, whose good serVIce III thls humane work was equally as zealous as his labor to promote the comfort of the wounded was unremitting.

SCUTARI HOSPITAL

(TURKISH).

November 231'd, By the kindness of Dr. Temple, Physician to the Household of the Sultan, and the courtesy of the Director, Steffan Pasha, we went over this excellent and well managed Hospital, containing about 800 beds, the greater part of which were now occupied. One can hardly speak too highly of its management; it might vie with any English Hospital for cleanliness and neatness. The dressing of the wounds was very good, and they were very clean. The ventilation was perfect, and such a thing as a bad smell seemed unknown. Infirmiers only were, of course, employed, and the want of Sisters or Infirmieres was not perceptible. The persons of the men, their bed linen, and their wards, were as neat and clean as one could wish. It was remarkable that all the wounds were in front. We saw the bath room (Turkish bath), where each man is bathed before being placed in his bed on arrIval. The food was varied, carefully dressed, and good in quality. The chief meal the day we were there was composed of soup, pillau, meat, vegetable, a compote of fruit, and rice dressed with milk. Each man has what the doctor orders him, including wine when required-the wine given as a medicine. The men are as patient as are the Servian wounded, and seemingly more reasonable in complying "vith the necessary amputations, when unavoidable.