First Aid Journal 1918 - 1920 by Museum of the Order of St John

F I R S T AID AN D

ST.

JOHN

THE

-----

A M BU LAN CE

OAZETTE.

Edited by ARTHUR B. DALE. No. 283.—

o l

X X IV .

NOTICE

JANUARY,

by a much

READERS.

Its aim and object being the advancem ent of A m bulance W o rk in a ll its branches, the E d ito r invites Readers to send A rticle s and R eports on subjects pertaining to the M ovem ent and also welcomes suggestions for P ractical Papers. A ll R eports, & c., should be addressed to the E d ito r, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accom panied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, A dvertisem ents and other business Com m unications connected with F I R S T A I D should be forwarded to the P ublishers, REYN O LDS

C O .,

wider acquisition of ambulance knowledge

throughout the world.

F I R S T A I D is published on the ao th of each m o nth . T he A n n u a l Subscription is as. 6 d. post free ; single copies 2d.

DALE,

tw p2 a ™ ™ 0™ Cf . . e

1918

We do not propose to describe the film in detail, but would recommend our readers to take the earliest oppor tunity of seeing it for themselves.

It is to be hoped that

the various Centres of the Association and Divisions of the Brigade will arrange for the exhibition of the film, not only as a means of education in first aid methods for their mem bers but also in order to interest others in the good work which is being accomplished in connection with the ambu lance movement, for it assuredly has great possibilities as a recruiting agent for the ranks of ambulance

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L

t d

men and

ondon

, E . C . 4.

women.

The film should also be shown in various cinema

theatres throughout the country, so that the general public

Telegraphic A ddress: “ Twenty-four, London." Telephone No. 5477 Bank.

may gain a better appreciation of the activities of our am bulance workers. It is interesting to record that the overseas branches

EDITORIAL.

of the St. John Ambulance Association have taken a keen interest in the project since it was first suggested, and be

First Aid Instruction by Cinematograph.

T h e possibilities and advantages of the

fore the film was even nearing completion had made pre

employment

of the cinematograph for

liminary arrangements

educational

purposes are being more

understand that orders have already definitely been booked

appreciated

day

day,

its

exhibition

abroad.

the

for Canada and Australia, and shall be surprised and dis

announcement that the official film of

appointed if long before the year has run its course the first

the St. John Ambulance Association,

official film of the St. John Ambulance Association has not

illustrating various phases of ambulance work,

and

for

has now

been completed and will shortly be available for exhibition, marks a new era in first aid instruction.

been exhibited in all parts of our Empire. In another part of this Journal we give a brief descrip tion of the section of the film depicting “ Railway Ambu-

We were privileged to be present recently at a private

Ambulance Work,” and some particulars of its preparation,

view of the film, and must say that it far exceeded our

from which it will be seen that the work has been under

expectations from the educational standpoint.

taken with a wholeneartedness and thoroughness which is

No pains

have been spared in it preparation, and all concerned in

highly'commendable, and when our readers have them

this unique production are

selves had an opportunity of seeing the pictures depicted

to be congratulated on the

success which has been achieved.

Mr. Harold Lomas, a

cinema-photographer of world-wide experience, was,

on the screen we feel sure they will endorse our apprecia

tion of the efforts of all who have been concerned in the

understand, the operator, and it is largely due to his initia

production, for having given oftheir ambulance knowledge,

tive that this most interesting series of ambulance pictures

for the furtherance of the Movement which we all have so

have been taken and are now available for exhibition.

much at heart.

We trust that the reception of the new film in ambu lance circles will be such as to result in further employment of the cinematograph as a means of instruction in ambu lance subjects, for this departure will doubtless be followed

Pte. Sewell, of the No. 29 (Walthamstow) Division, who is a member of the R.A.M.C., volunteered to allow i|- pints of blood to be taken from him to save a patient’s life, which was accomplished.

— F I R S T

tJThe Grand J rio rg of th« 0 rd»r of the h o sp ita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE

Jh e

Jo h n

.Ambulance S rigade.

D ISTR ICT” ORDERS.

No. . District. D

S t.

DEPARTM ENT.

e pu ty

o m m issio n e r

W IN N Y .

-------

F E B R U A R Y , 1911. S u n d a y D u t y , S t. P a u l’s C a t h e d r a l. S u n d a y , 3 r d .— N o . 17 D iv is io n , M e r to n a n d W im b le d o n . „ lo t h . — N o . 19 „ S o u th M e tro p o lita n G a s C o . „ 1 7 t h .- N o . 20 „ H a m p ste a d . „ 2 4 th .— N o . 21 „ B r o m le y . F r o m 2 .3 0 p .m . to 8 p .m . K e y fro m S t. J o h n ’s G a te , 2 p.m . HONOURS

FO R

M EM BERS D IS T R IC T .

TH E

NO.

T h e D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r h a s m u c h p le a s u r e in a n n o u n c in g th a t the s e r v ic e s o f M r s . C h a p m a n , L a d y S u p e r in te n d e n t o f th e E a s t C r o y d o n a n d A d d is c o m b e N u r s in g D iv is io n ; M is s B e a t r ic e B e e s o n , M is s J e s s ie C h a rt , b o th m e m b e rs o f th e W h it e h a ll N u r s in g D iv is io n , h a v e b e e n r e c o g n is e d b y the g r a n t o f th e R o y a l R e d C r o s s 2 n d C la s s . I t is a ls o u n d e r sto o d th a t M a jo r H u d s o n , w h o is S u p e r in te n d e n t o f the H a m p s te a d N o . 20 D iv is io n , h a s b e e n a w a rd e d the D .S .O . S P E C IA L

DUTY

ST.

J O H N ’S

GATE.

D u r in g p e r io d s o f th e m o n th w h e n a ir r a id s a re m o st e x p e c te d , a rr a n g e m e n t s a re b e in g m a d e fo r m e n , in c h a r g e o f a S e r g e a n t o r C o r p o r a l, to a tte n d at St. J o h n ’s G a te in the e a rly p a r t o f th e e v e n in g . C o m m u n ic a t io n s o n t h is m a tte r s h o u ld b e m a d e to th e D is t r ic t S e rg e a n t , M r . J . E la m , at h e a d q u a rte rs. I t is h o p e d th a t e v e ry D iv is io n w ill ta k e its s h a re o f t h is w o rk . ARM LETS. M e m b e rs a re r e m in d e d th a t the s p e c ia l “ S .J .A .B . A r m le t s ” a re n o t in t e n d e d to be w o rn w ith th e u n ifo rm , a n d th e y w ill n o t b e is s u e d to m e m b e rs w h o c a n r e a d ily o b ta in t h e ir u n i fo rm in c a s e o f a n a ir r a id c a ll. T h e a rm le ts a re n o t th e p r o p e r t y o f th e m e m b e rs to w h o m th e y a re is s u e d , b u t a re is s u e d o n lo a n . O ffic e rs a n d M e m b e rs in C h a r g e o f D iv is io n s s h o u ld keep a n a c c o u n t in a r e g is t e r o f m e m b e rs to w h o m a rm le ts a re g iv e n , a n d s h o u ld a m e m b e r g o o n A c t iv e S e r v ic e o r le a v e th e D iv is io n o r n o t b e a v a ila b le fo r a ir r a id s e r v ic e , the a rm le t s h o u ld b e r e c o v e r e d a n d s e n t to H e a d q u a r t e r s . (S ig n e d )

W . H . W IN N Y ,

Deputy- Commissioner. H e a d q u a r t e r s :— St. J o h n ’s G a te , C le r k e n w e ll, E . C . IM P O R T A N T

N O T IC E .

D iv is io n a l S e c r e ta r ie s a re re q u e s te d w h e n s e n d in g n e w s p a p e r c u tt in g o f t h e ir m e e t in g ', e tc., to g iv e the d a te o f p u b li c a t io n o f th e n e w s p a p e rs .— E d i t o r . H a m p s t e a d ( N o . 2 0) D i v i s i o n . — O n D e c e m b e r 15th a n in t e re s t in g c o m p e t it io n b e tw e e n te a m s r e p re s e n t in g the H a m p s te a d D iv is io n , R e g u la r a n d S p e c ia l C o n s t a b u la r y , w a s h e ld at th e lo c a l P o lic e S ta tio n . D r . C e c il M a c F a d d e n , C h ie f S u rg e o n N o . 1 D is t r ic t , e x a m in e d th e c o m b in e d team w o rk a n d g a v e a m o st u p -to -d a te test, w h ic h p o rtra y e d th e p o s s ib ilit ie s o f w o rk d u r in g p r o g r e s s o f a n a ir r a id — fo u r p a tie n t s b e in g m o re o r le s s s e r io u s ly in ju re d . D r . C o rb e t F le t c h e r , H o n . S u r g e o n o f th e D iv is io n , w a s re s p o n s ib le fo r th e In d iv id u a l W o r k a n d set so m e h ig h ly p r a c t ic a l tests a n d q u e s tio n s . T h e B r ig a d e team s e c u re d to p n a i k s in e a c h p o rtio n o f the c o m p e tio n , a n d w on firs t p la c e , w h ile the R e g u la r P o lic e o b ta in e d s e c o n d p la c e b y a s m a ll m a r g in o v e r th e S p e c ia ls . L a t e r in th e e v e n in g a m o st

AID. —

January, 1918.

e n jo y a b le s o c ia l e v e n in g a n d c o n c e rt w a s h e ld at th e P o lic e S t a t io n , S u b - In s p e c t o r W . A n d e r s o n b e in g in th e c h a ir , a n d a n d s u p p o rte d b y b o th d o c to rs a n d S .D . In s p e c t o r P a r k e r . A / O E r n e s t T . M illb u r n is c o n g ra tu la te d o n h is w e llm e rite d p ro m o tio n to H o n . S e r v in g B r o t h e r o f th e O rd e r. E a s t H a m ( N o s . 8 & 15) D i v i s i o n .— S ilv e r m e d a ls fo r lo n g s e r v ic e w e re p re se n te d at a c o n c e rt in E a s t H a m T o w n H a ll o n D e c e m b e r 30 th . u n d e r th e a u s p ic e s o f the T a s t H a m A m b u la n c e a n d N u r s in g D iv is io n s . T h e p re s e n t a t io n s w ere m a d e b y D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r W . H . W in n y , w h o w a s a c c o m p a n ie d b y A s s is t a n t C o m m is s io n e r V ilv e n , S u p ts A t k in s a n d S ta th a m , D r . B e n to n , D s t .- S e rg t . E la m , etc. T h e r e c ip ie n ts w ere S e rg t. R . L ' E d m o n d s a n d P te . C . E . E a t o n , w h o se s e r v ic e in e a c h c a s e c o v e rs a p e rio d o f 15 y e a rs . T h e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r re fe rre d to th e s p le n d id w o rk w h ic h th e E a s t H a m D iv is io n s a n d o th e r d iv is io n s d id o n th e o c c a s io n o f th e g re a t e x p lo s io n in E a s t H a m . T h a t w o r k h a d b e e n re c o g n is e d to a lim it e d e x te n t, b u t, h e w a s s o r r y to sa y , o n ly to a lim it e d e xte n t. S u p t. A t k in s m e n tio n e d th a t the E a s t H a m D iv is io n w a s e s t a b lis h e d in 1895, a n d th a t th e N u r s in g D iv is io n w a s a s m u c h a p a rt o f th e m o v e m e n t a s th e m e n ’s D iv is io n , a n d e q u a lly d e s e r v in g o f g r a titu d e fo r th e g o o d w o rk th a t h a s b e e n a c c o m p lis h e d .

No. 5 District. W o r k s o p D i v i s i o n . — T h e s u p e rin t e n d e n t a n d s e c r e t a r y w e re a b le to p re s e n t p a r t ic u la r s a t the firs t m e e tin g a fte r the e n d o f the B r ig a d e y e a r w h ic h s h o w th e a c t iv it ie s a re g re a te r th a n e v e r. T h e d iv is io n h a s b e en g r e a t ly fa v o u re d w ith a s u c c e s s io n o f e n t h u s ia s t ic s u p e rin te n d e n ts . D r . M o n ta g u e — n o w w e a rin g th e S e r v ic e M e d a l, a s ta ff o ffic e r (d is t r ic t s u rg e o n ) a n d a n A s s o c ia t e o f the O r d e r , w h o w a s fo llo w e d b y D r . M o r r is , w h o h a s g a in e d th e M ilit a r y C ro s s a n d b e e n p ro m o te d C a p t a in in F r a n c e , a n d h e b y A c t in g S u p t. G re a to r e x , w h o h a s a n e x p e rie n c e r e a c h in g b a c k to A s s o c ia t io n d a y s , a n d h a s , p e r h a p s , a r e c o rd a s t ra n s p o rt o ffice r. T h e p re s e n t m e m b e rs h ip is 162, in c lu s iv e o f 10 3 (fo r m e r ly 108) o n A c t iv e S e r v ic e . T w o m e m b e rs h a v e th e S e r v ic e M e d a l (a n d c la im s a re p e n d in g fo r tw o m o re ). T h ir t y - f iv e m e d a llio n s , 8 la b e l m e n , a n d 41 n u r s in g c e r t ifib a te s sh o w c a p a c it y a n d a p p lic a t io n ; a n d tw o R . A . M . C . m e d a ls c o m m e m o ra te s e r v ic e in S o u th A fr ic a . O n e h u n d r e d a n d t h irt y - e ig h t c a s e s o f firs t a id , 59 r e m o v a ls , w ith 1 ,11 5 r e m o v a ls o f w o u n d e d s o ld ie r s to the w a r h o s p ita l a n d r e g u la r o r d e r ly d u tie s , s p e a k w e ll fo r th e W o r k s o p D iv is io n .

No. 11 District. W E S T G l a m o r g a n . — A t B r it o n F e r r y on D e c e m b e r 15th th e re w a s a g a t h e r in g o f th e m e m b e rs o f th e W e s t G la m o r g a n C o r p s p r e s id e d o v e r b y M r . J . B . W illia m s , a g e n t to L o r d J e r s e y , w h e n c e rt ific a t e s w e re p re s e n te d to O ffic e rs a n d N . C . ’s o f th e c o rp s b y M r . a n d M r s . H . M . E l li s . V o u c h e r s w e re a ls o p re se n te d b y M r s . F r e d T h o m a s to m e m b e rs o f th e B r it o n F e r r y D iv is io n . T h e fo llo w in g D iv is io n s w e re p re s e n t in fu ll s tr e n g th — B r y n , C r y n a n t , C y m m e r , G ly n c o r r w g , L la n s a m le t , M o r r is t o n 1 O n llw y n , P o n t a rd a w e a n d B r it o n F e r r y , a ls o N u r s in g D iv is io n s fro m G ly n c o r r w g , L la n s a m le t , M o r r is t o n a n d P o n ta rd a w e . C o r p s S u p t. W h e e l g a v e a n e x c e lle n t a d d re s s o n th e o r ig in o f th e O rd e r, w h ic h w a s m u c h a p p re c ia t e d b y th o se p re se n t. T h e W e s t G la m o r g a n C o r p s is fo rtu n a te in h a v in g s u c h a n a b le m a n a s C o r p s S u p t. W h e e le r a s t h e ir h e a d , a n d th e fe e lin g o f th e m e m b e rs w a s w e ll s h o w n b y the m a n n e r in w h ic h th e y s u b s c rib e d to a s u ita b le p r e s e n ta tio n w h ic h w a s h a n d e d h im b y M r s .D a v ie s M o r ris t o n o n b e h a lf o f th e C o r p s .

No. 12 (Irish) District. C i t y o f D u b l i n . — T h e o ffic e rs a n d m e m b e rs o f th e St. S t e p h e n ’s G re e n N u r s in g D iv is io n a n d th e C it y o f D u b lin A m b u la n c e D iv is io n h e ld a s o c ia l e v e n in g a t th e D . B . C . ,

— FIRST

January, 1918.

D a n e - s t r e e t , D u b lin , on D e c e m b e r 15th . T h e s e d iv is io n s h a v e w o rk e d in p a r t n e r s h ip fo r so m e tim e in g re a t h a rm o n y . A ll th e m e m b e rs o f b o th d iv is io n s a re in b u s in e s s . A ft e r h o u rs t h e y g o o n th e a tre d u t y e v e ry e v e n in g , a n d a ll r e a d y to d o a n y p a r t o f V . A . D . w o rk th e y c a n p o s s ib ly fit in o n the s h o rte s t n o tic e . A t h ird o f the m e m b e rs o f b o th d iv is io n s h a v e g o n e on A c t iv e S e rv ic e . A m o n g th e g u e s ts w h o h o n o u re d th e d iv is io n s w ith t h e ir p re s e n c e w e re — W . G . S m ith , E s q ., A c t in g D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r, w h o a c te d a s C h a ir m a n ; D r . E l l a W e b b , L a d y D is t r ic t S u p e rin te n d e n t ; M is s B la n d fo r d , D is t r ic t O ffic e r ; G . P . M e ld o n , E s q . , M .D ., C o r p s S u rg e o n ; M r s . S h a n k s , L a d y C o r p s S u p e rin te n d e n t ; A . J . M c W illia m , E s q ., C o r p s O ffice r. T h e o c c a s io n w a s ta k e n a d v a n ta g e o f b y th e s is t e r s o f th e n u r s in g d iv is io n “ at h o m e a n d o n s e r v ic e ” to p re s e n t to t h e ir A c t in g L a d y S u p e rin te n d e n t, M rs . R o w le tte , a fitte d a tta c h e c a s e “ a s a s m a ll to k e n o f th e ir lo v e a n d e ste e m .” T h e o ffic e rs a n d m e m b e rs o f the A m b u la n c e D iv is io n p r e s e n te d a s ilv e r w a tch to t h e ir H o n . S e c re ta ry , F r a n k J . H o r n e , E s q ., o n h is p ro m o tio n to A m b u la n c e O ffice r. C o r p l. C a s s id y r e c e iv e d s e rg e a n t ’s s trip e s. V o te s o f t h a n k s h a v in g b e e n p a s s e d to th e c h a ir m a n a n d a rt is t s , w h o m a d e the e v e n in g s u c h a s u c c e s s , th e p ro c e e d in g s t e rm in a te d w ith th e h e a rty s in g in g o f G o d S a v e th e K in g .

The

Railway

Ambulance

Film.

I t can only be regarded as a tribute to the efficiency of Great Western Railway Ambulance workers that they should have been selected by the St. John Ambulance Association to demonstrate the application of first aid methods for the railway portion of the official cinematograph film. As soon as the project became known among the Great Western staff it was taken up with enthusiasm, and on the Sunday morning selected for taking the first series of pictures some hundred and twenty “ first-aiders” and their friends assembled at Paddington station where the numerous scenes were arranged. T he scheme attempted was the reproduction of a rail way accident, involving a collision between two trains, in order to demonstrate the methods of ministering to the needs of the disabled passengers. The scene commences with the collision, and passengers are shown alighting from the coaches, some being liberated from the vehicles, the doors of which have become jambed by the impact ; mes sengers are despatched for medical aid and to summon the corps, who are soon seen hurrying to the spot with their first aid equipment. Passengers injured and otherwise are extricated from the compartments and wreckage, and then is commenced the treatment of the various injuries sus tained, in which teams of women workers participate. A fractured leg, a crushed foot, spinal injury, bleeding, scalds, a broken collar-bone, fractured knee-cap, and many other cases are dealt with, in some of which the preliminaries have to be performed under the wrecked rolling stock. Eventually a relief train arrives upon the scene, the injured are loaded into it, conveyed to a station, unloaded and transported to hospital. Some of the women workers in the meantime are seen providing an improvised rest station, to which certain of the injured are taken to have dressings changed, & c , and here refreshment is also pro vided for the patients. Some of the “ treatment ” pictures are of a general character, depicting several teams at work, whilst others showing specific injuries are taken at close range in order that the first aid work may be more closely followed. The realism of some of these cases is remarkably strik ing, as, for instance, that in' which the driver of one of the

AI D. —

locomotives is seen lifting down his injured mate (fireman) from the foot-plate and rendering the prescribed treatment for extensive scalds on the face. There is throughout the pictures an entire absence of camera-consciousness which contributes not a little to their value; in fact, were it not made clear that the pictures represent ambulance workers at practice, one might be excused for assuming that inci dents attending a real accident were depicted. It is understood that besides Mr. W. G. Chapman (G.W.R. Centre Secretary), Mr. A. Gardner was primarily responsible for staging the representations, assisted by a number of the more prominent ambulance workers at Pad dington. T he whole of the proceedings were supervised by Dr. J. M. Carvell, whose familiar features will be recog nised by many as one of the medical men in attendance on the injured. The film was produced by Mr. Harold Lomas, under the auspices of the St. John Ambulance Association. All those who took part in the representations were recently invited to see the pictures on the screen in the General Meeting Room at Paddington. Mr. Frank Potter, the general manager, presided, and was supported by the chief officers of the Company, whilst among those present were Major Prichard, the Chief Secretary of the St. John Ambulance Association and Col. J. Cantlie. Mr. Potter reviewed briefly the Great Western Com pany’s association with and progress in first aid training, and mentioned that the first ambulance class was composed entirely of railway servants, recorded in the history of the St. John Ambulance Association, was held at Paddington in 1878. Since 1896, when the present G.W.R. centre of the Association was formed, there had been distributed to members of the Company’s staff examination awards total ling 28,292. He said the directors and officers encouraged the movement in every way they could and were much gratified by the success it had met with. Major Pritchard spoke of the growing recognition by the Government of the value of ambulance training among workers, and gave some striking figures representing the usefulness timely first aid had proved in munition and kin dred works. He commended the Great Western workers for their sustained interest in the movement in the face of the difficulties of war conditions, and thanked those who had given their services in the prepara tion of the film for carrying out the work, willingly and successfully. Mr. Lomas, with whom originated the idea of taking the cinematograph film for first aid instructional purposes, gave an interesting account of the origin of the scheme, and congratulated the Great Western workers upon having provided the subject matter for the first of a series of edu cational films that would undoubtedly be used throughout the world.

Messrs. Bailliere, Tindall and Cox, of 8, Henriettastreet, Covent Garden, London, W.C., have just issued the 2nd edition of “ Chemistry for Beginners,” by C. Kingzett, F.I.C., price 2s. 6d.

The first edition being so quickly

exhausted, shows that the book was received with much favour.

T he new edition has been enlarged by the incor

poration of additional information and some re-arrange ment of the matter has been made. The book provides a good ground work of practical chemistry and should prove most helpful to those desirous of gaining knowledge of this absorbing study.

IOO

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

G A ZETTE. —

January, 1918.

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. The T

h e

Capture

h a n k sg iv in g

of Jerusalem.

e r v ic e

. J

o h n

th e

r d er

O n Friday, January n t h , at noon, the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England held at the Grand Priory Church a solemn Service of Thanksgiving for the recapture of the Holy City from the hands of the Turk, to which all Mem bers and Associates were invited. There have been many services of thanksgiving for this thrilling feat of British arms, but to this particular service very special solemnity and significance are attached in view of the Order’s age-long connection with Jerusalem, of the fact that its history is inseparably bound up with the Holy City and that it bears its name. T he church was crowded during the service, which was preceded by a procession of the members of the Chapter-General of the Order, in their robes, from St. John’s Gate to the Churoh, the order of procession being as follows :— B a n n e r o f th e K in g d o m o f Je ru s a le m . E s q u ir e s .— C o l. W . G r a y d o n C a rt e r , E d w in D a w e s , E s q ., C h a r le s B o u g h t o n H a m ilt o n , E s q ., C .M .G . K n ig h t s o f G ra ce.— F r a n k H . C o o k , E s q ., C . I . E . , S ir W illia m St. J o h n H o p e , J . H a m m o n d M o rg a n , E s q ., C .V .O ., F . R . C . S . , R o b e r t A . G ib b o n s ,E s q ., M .D ., J o h n S. G riffit h s , E s q ., M . R . C . S . , S i r W illia m H . B e n n e tt, K . C .V .O . , F . R . C . S . , C o l. S i r J o h n W . O ttle y , K . C . I . E . F la g o f th e O r d e r b o rn e b y a n O ffic e r o f th e S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e w ith a n e s c o rt o f B r ig a d e m e m b e rs. K n ig h t s o f J u s tic e .— C o l E . D . B r o w n - S y n g e - H u t c h in s o n , V . C . , C .B . , S ir J o h n P . H e w e tt, G .C . S . I . , C . I . E . , S ir O w e n C . P h ilip p s , K . C . M . G . , M .P ., C h a r le s G , K e k e w ic h , E s q . , I n s p e c t o r - G e n e r a l B e lg r a v e N in n is , C .V .O ., F r a n c is W . P ix le y , E s q . , J . H o r n e S te v e n s o n , E s q ., S ir W illia m W y n d h a m P o r t a l, B t ., C o l. J . W illo u g h b y W r a y , C o l. S ir J a m e s R . A. C la r k , B t ., C .B ., C .M .G ., T h e L o r d Is lin g t o n , G .C .M .G ., D .S . O . , L ie u t .- C o l. S ir R ic h a r d C . T e m p le , B t., C .B ., C . I . E . , L ie u t .- C o l. A . C . Y a te , T h e L o r d M o s t y n , C o l. S i r C h a r le s W y n d h a m M u r r a y , K .C . B . , A r t h u r F . G . L e v e s o n G o w e r, E s q ., E d w in F r e s h f ie ld , E s q . , L L . D . , C o l. T h e L o r d W illia m C e c il, C .V .O ., M a jo r G e n e r a l J . C . D a lt o n , C o l. B. M . D a w e s , S ir J o h n F u r le y , C .B . C r o s s o f th e C h a p t e r - G e n e r a l. T h e S ecreta ?y ( W . R . E d w a r d s , E s q .) . D ir e c to r o f C erem onies ( S ir A lf r e d S c o tt- G a t ty , K . C .V .O . G a rte r). A lm o n e r ( S i r D y c e D u c k w o r t h , B t., L L . D . , M .D .) . D ir e c to r o f A m b u la n ce D e p a r tm e n t ( T h e R t . H o n . T h e E a r l o f R a n f u r ly , G .C .M .G . ). S ecr eta ry -G en er a l ( T h e R t . H o n . E v e ly n C e c il, M .P .). C h a n c e llo r ( C o lo n e l S ir H e r b e r t J e k y ll, K .C . M . G .) . B a i l i f f o f E a g le .— C o lo n e l S ir ( H e r b e r t C . P e rro tt, B t., C .B .) T h e S u b - P r io r .— T h e R ig h t H o n . T h e E a r l o f P ly m o u th , C .B .) . T h e V e n e r a b le A r c h d e a c o n H o lm e s , B is h o p J o h n T a y lo r S m ith , C .V . O . , T h e R e v . C a n o n E d g a r S h e p p a rd , K .C .V . O ., D .D . T h e P r e la te (The Archbishop of York) with his Chaplain.

T he procession was met by the clergy and choir of the Chapel Royal, who conducted it to the church. A detach ment of the Prince of Wales’s Corps of the St. John Ambu

lance Brigade was on duty during the procession and sub sequently lined the centre aisle of the church during the service. His Majesty, the Sovereign Head and Patron of the Order, was represented by Viscount Sandhurst (Lord Chamberlain), who occupied a seat in the sanctuary, and the Royal Family was also represented by the presence of H .R .H . Princess Beatrice and H.H . Princess Marie Louise, Ladies of Justice. The Grand Prior, H.R .H . the Duke of Connaught, was unfortunately unable to be pre sent, as he had not sufficiently recovered from the effects of his recent illness. The Service, which was most impressive, was con ducted by the Rector, the Rev. T. C. Elsdon, the first lesson being read by Bishop Taylor Smith, ChaplainGeneral to H.M. Forces, and the second lesson by Canon Edgar Sheppard, Sub-Dean of the Chapel Royal and Domestic Chaplain to the King. A most eloquent sermon was preached by the Arch bishop of York, Prelate of the Order, who took his text from Psalm C X X X V I I . : “ If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning.” A full report of the sermon will appear in our next issue. The T e Deum was sung after the sermon, and after the Prelate had pronounced the Benediction the service concluded with the National Anthem. The music of the Service was arranged by Dr. C. H. Lloyd, M.A., Organist and Composer to H.M. Chapel Royal, who officiated at the organ, and was beautifully ren dered by the choristers.

The Genesis of the Indian Branch of the S.J.A.A By

L ie u t.-C o l.

A. C. Y A T E , F.R.G.S., F.R.Hist.Soc. ( C o n tin u ed fro m p a g e S j . )

Ambulance Department of the Order of St. John asked for further information, and I therefore devoted another three weeks to the consideration of my subject, and then returned to the charge with a letter pointing to Railways, Volunteers, Police, Native States, Municipalities, Missions, Colleges, Schools, not to mention the British and Native Armies and Imperial Service troops, as material for ambulance work, urging that the Indian Branch should be started with the support and co-operation of the highest authority, with headquarters at Simla and centres in each Province, and attach a copy of a letter which I had received from Lord Curzon of Kedleston, expressing his sympathy with the proposal which I had laid before him. The second reply, dated September n t h , 1900, was more encouraging, and to this effect:— “ The first step to be taken is to ask the Chapter to recommend to H .R .H . the Prince of Wales that you should

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be appointed Organising Commissioner for the Ambulance Department for India. Twenty years or so ago we appointed Surgeon Major (now Surgeon-General) Manley, V.C., Commissioner for India, on his being sent out there for military duty. He was at that time Director of the Ambulance Department, being succeeded in that office by the late Colonel Duncan, C.B., M.P. There was no particular scope for Surgeon-Major Manley’s energies in this direction in India, so that his holding the office was practically a dead letter,* and on his return to England a few years after the appointment lapsed. Pend ing your return to India, we would be in a position to com municate with the Viceroy and the other officials suggested in your recent letter, and as soon as you are appointed Lord Knutsford would communicate with Lord Curzon, and he would also write to and he would see Lord George Hamilton ” (then Secretary of State for India). On the 1st December, 1900, Lord Knutsford wrote to me :— “ The Council and Chapter were unanimous in recom mending your appointment as Organising Commissioner for India, and I sincerely trust that you will be able to take up the work. When the proper time arrives I shall do my best to assist you by writing to Lord Curzon, Lord Northcote and Lord Ampthill, who, I feel sure, will do the best they can.” On the 1 ith December came the formal notification from the Chief Secretary :— “ I have the pleasure to inform you that H .R .H . the Grand Prior has sanctioned the recommendation of the Chapter that you should be appointed Honorary Organis ing Commissioner of India, in accordance with the sugges tion made by Viscount Knutsford and the Central Executive Committee.” Before I left India at the end of January, 1901, I had an interview with Mr. (afterwards Sir Richmond) Ritchie at the India Office, to whom I explained the work which I hoped to carry out. I further received a letter from Lord Roberts saying, “ I will communicate with (SurgeonGeneral Sir William) Taylor about your ambulance scheme and hope that he will see his way to assist you in carrying it out.” Finally, Sir Stewart Bayley, on behalf of the National Indian Association, invited me to lecture on ambulance work for India ; but time did not permit of that. That Association then informed me that they proposed that their different local branches in India should be urged to take it up, and invited me to give them all the possible informa tion on the subject. T o that request I responded to the best of my ability. The voyage from Marseilles to Bombay, where I arrived on the 10th February, afford me time and leisure to write the pamphlet in which, under the title.of “Ambulance Work in India,” I laid my scheme before the Indian public. During the four days which I spent in Bombay I had the privilege of explaining my plans to Lord and Lady Northcote, and in Messrs. King, King & Co. and Mr. George Lund, I secured allies of the highest value. Mr. Harold King, a brother of Sir H. S. King, had in former years been a keen worker on behalf of the St. John Ambulance Association. On 15th February I left for Calcutta, His Excellency * T h is is a euphem istic method o f saying that the official w orld of In d ia , w ith characteristic beaureaucratic blindness, w ould do nothing. I at least started w ith the go o dw ill of L o rd Curzon, the G overnors of Bom bay and M adras (L o rd s N orthcote and A m p th ill), m y brother the C h ie f Com m issioner of B aluchistan and H . H . the G a ik w a r o f B aroda, a ll of whom and m any others lent me a h elping hand.

JOHN

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Lord Curzon of Kedleston received me on the 19th, expressed his approval of my proposals, estimated that the Indian Branch would take two years to organise, and directed the Secretary to the Government of India in the Military Department to request the Military Authorities to grant me two months leave to start with. This was arranged on the 20th February. It was perfectly clear to me that on my success in Calcutta depended the future of the Indian Branch of the St. John Ambulance Association. After consultation with the Lieut.-Governor, Sir John Woodburn, 5 p.m. on the 18th Mrrch was fixed for the public meeting in the Town Hall of Calcutta at which India was to be invited to say whether she would or would not have the St. John Ambu lance Association. I may add that my health at this time was in a very critical state. The stimulus of a work which I was determined should not fail probably carried me through a month of extremely strenuous effort. It was my clear duty to conciliate and interest all classes, official and unofficial, Hindu, Mahommedan, Parsi and Eurasian, and above all to secure the support of the Press. I owe much to the Indian Press for the help they gave me, and to none more than to the late Mr. Hensman of the Pioneer and Mr. Bennett of the Times 0f In dia ; but, in simple truth, the entire Press of India, English and Native, was with me, as far as its opinions came within my cognisance. I entertain the most grateful remembrance of the sup port which Calcutta afforded me. At the meeting on the 18th March General Sir Edward Collen came down and said “ On behalf of the Army, that he considered the work proposed to be done was likely to be a valuable aid in time of war, and that he knew the Viceroy, the Commander-in-Chief (Sir William Lockhart) and the AdjutantGeneral (Sir Edmund Elies) to be favourably disposed to it.” {Pioneer M a il, 22nd March, 1901.) Among others who supported the scheme were the Maharaja of Darbangha, Maharaja Jotendro Mohum Tajore, Mr. Justice (now the Right Hon.) Ameer Ali. Mr. Justice Gurudass Banerjee, Sir Patrick Playfair and Colonel T. H. Hendley, Sir Richard Temple, then Commissioner of the Andaman Islands, and since well known at St. John’s Gate, informed me that he intended to turn the native convicts into “ first-aiders,” and, what is more, he did it. Although the Calcutta meeting was essentially a success, I found the formation of a Local Committee with an honorary secretary and treasurer, a matter of decided difficulty. Still the centre did steady work, the Port Defence Volunteers showing especial keenness, so much so, that in March, 1905, they won the Volunteer Challenge Shield, which was presented to them at an ambu lance demonstration held in the gardens of “ Belvidere,” the residence of the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, at which I was present.

(T o be continued.)

T h e O rd e r o f M e r c y . — Our readers will be in terested to hear that amongst the recipients of the Order of Mercy at the Investitute held at St. James’ Palace on December 2rst, was Col. R. T. Blackham, C .I.E , D.S.O., Col. Blackham, who is an Assistant-Commissioner of the St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas, has been a VicePresident of the League of Mercy for upwards of ten years, and is the founder of the Indian Branch of the League.

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The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the O rd e r , St. John's Gate , C lerken w ell , Lo n d o n , E . C . , oam iary n t h , 1918. T h e K in g h a s b e e n g r a c io u s ly p le a s e d to s a n c t io n the fo llo w in g p ro m o tio n s in , a n d a p p o in t m e n t s to, th e O r d e r o f th e H o s p it a l o f S t. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d :—

A s K n ig h ts of Grace : L ie u t .- C o lo n e l J u a n J a y - G o u ld , C .B . E . , l.M .S . C o lo n e l J o h n S c o tt R id d e ll, M .V .O ., M .D . (fro m A s s o c ia t e ).

AMBULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

Notes Notice classes :—

has

been

and received

January, 1918.

News. of

the

following

new

Hom e N u rs in g Mondays at 5 p.m. Commencing Jan. 28th, at King’s College for Women, Campden Hill-road, Kensington, W. Hon. Sec., Miss Baddeley, 87, Cadogan-gardens, S.W. 3. Fee 1 2s. 6d. Toynbee Hall, 28, Commercial-street, E .i. For Women, Fridays at 8 o’clock. Commencing Jan. 18th. For Men, Tuesdays at 8 o’clock. Commencing Jan. 15th. Fee, including text book, 5s.

F i r s t A id . H o n o ra ry

A s L a d y o f G ra c e : T h e M a r c h io n e t s o f B u te .

A s H o n o ra ry S ervin g B ro th ers : L ie u t . R o b e r t P in gjet. E r n e s t T h o m a s M ilb u r n . W a lt e r W illia m B u rt o n . C h a r le s M id d le t o n . W i ll ia m H e n r y B ir d . C a p t a in F r e d e r ic k J o s e p h C u n n in g h a m . F r e d e r ic k W a lt e r M u llin e u x . H e n r y H e w e tt-D e a n . J o s e p h L a n c a s h ir e W o ls t e n h o lm e . J o h n R o b e r t C ro s s . F r a n c i s L a n c e lo t B o o th . J o h n G e o r g e F in la y s o n . G e o rg e H e n n e k e r. G e o rg e F e a rn . W i ll ia m H a n c o x . W i ll ia m H e n r y W o o d . R ic h a r d A le x a n d e r S m ith . J o h n T o n k in O lle y .

A s H o n o ra ry S ervin g Sisters : Ir e n e M a r g a r e t , M is s H o b a tt . D o ro th y B a n n e rm a n , M rs . W a tso n . E v e ly n , M is s L a s c e lle s . M a r io n , M is s S o a n s . F lo r e n c e , M is s S k ip w it h . E d it h , M is s C liff. F r a n c e s , M is s G a r fo rt h . D a is y , M r s . M a r k h a m . C o n s t a n c e , M is s W r ig le y . B e rth a , M rs. Lee. M a r g a r e t , M is s N o b le . K a te M a ry , M rs. R o bso n .

For Women, Wednesdays at 8 p.m. Commencing Jan. 16th, at Brondesbury Hall, Iverson-road, Brondesbury, N.W. Fee 2s. 6d. Hon Sec., Miss A. Wyche, 19, Dean-road, Cricklewood, N.W. 2. * * * Information has been received from the War Office that no V.A.D. member is to be allowed to transfer to the W .A .A C. unless she first resigns her membership of her Voluntary Aid Detachment. The same ruling will apply to members who wish to join the Women’s Royal Naval Service.

V In the list of St. John Ambulance Nursing Sisters mentioned in Despatches, which we published in our November issue, we regret the following names were omitted :— N u r s in g S is t e r K . E a r n s h a w (n o t St. J o h n ), E a s t H a d d o n C o n v a le s c e n t H o m e (1 0 b e d s ) fo r 18 m o n th s. I n c h a rg e . N u r s in g S is t e r E . D r a n e , in c h a r g e o f G u ils b o r o u g h A u x ilia r y H o s p it a l (2 7 b e d s ) fo r 18 m o n th s. N u r s in g S is t e r F . B r a d fo r d , in c h a r g e o f B r a m p t o n A u x i li a r y H o s p it a l (3 6 b e d s ) s in c e A u g u s t 1916. N u r s in g S is t e r L . M o r ris , in c h a rg e o f B la k e s le y A u x ilia r y H o s p it a l ( 1 7 b e d s ) fo r tw o y e a rs . N u r s in g S is t e r F . E l la r d (n o t re p o rt e d ) 1/5 N o r t h e r n G e n e r a l H o s p it a l, L e ic e s t e r , s in c e M a y 19 15. C o m m a n d a n t M r s . P a t t e n a ll, in c h a r g e o f H ig h a m F e r r e r s A u x ilia r y H o s p it a l s in c e M a r c h 1915N u r s in g S is t e r D . P it t s , M a s s e u s e a t W e s t o n F a v e ll A u x ilia r y H o s p it a l fo r 18 m o n th s.

* * * Names of Brigade Members mentioned in despatches by Sir Douglas Haig and published in the Gazette , Decem ber, 24th, 1917 :—

T h o m a s B u x t o n F li n t , M . R .C . S ., L . R . C . P . J o h n A le x a n d e r N e ila n , L . R . C . S . & P ., D . P . H . S e p t im u s F a r m e r , L . R . C . P . A n d r e w D o u g a ll, L . R . C . P . C e c il P r y o r L a n k e s t e r , M . R . C .S ., L . R . C . P . C h a r le s S u m m e r S c o tt. A le x a n d e r G r a n v ille , L L . D .

B a n is t e r , M r s . M . G ., S a lo p 4 2 ; B a r re t t, S. V io le t , D u b lin 3 8 ; B a rto n , S y b il, L o n d o n 9 6 ; B o y d , M a r y E t h e l, N o r t h u m la n d 5 2 ; B u t le r , S. W in if r e d , C it y o f D u b lin 2 4 ; D is r e a li, M a r g u e r it e K. K a t h e r in e , L o n d o n 96; D ix o n , B e r t h a W ig h t m a n , W . R . Y o r k s 6 6 ; D o w n , H i ld a N ., S e r re y 1 1 6 ; G ilh o v le y , R o s e , L o n d o n 126 ; G ra v e s , M a d g e , W a t e r f o r d 9 1 0 ; H e n n e s s y , K a t h le e n , C o r k 2 ; K e a r n e y , A n n ie M a y , S lig o ; K y d d , A n n ie V . R ., W . L a n c s . 2 2 ; L a r s e e n , A n n ie 0 '., N o r t h u m b e r la n d 56 ; M ir r in g t o n , G e r t r u d e E . , B r is t o l 2 ; P e a rt, E le a n o r I. , D u b lin ; P e te rs G e rt ru d e , E . L a n c s . 1 5 8 ; R it c h ie , M r s . S y d n e y , W . R . Y o r k s 9 8 ; R u s s e ll, A lic e M ., D u b lin 2 0 ; S ilv a , N a n c y D e , W . L a n c s . 59 ; S te e le , M a r y , N o r t h n n t s 2 ; S te v e n so n , H i ld a M a r y ,

T h e O r d e r o f t h e B r i t i s h E m p i r e . — Miss Harriet Estill, whose name appears in the honours list as a Member of the Order of the British Empire, has carried out per sonally the whole of the administrative and secretarial work of the Highfield Auxiliary Military Hospital, Norton, Malton, since the opening in August 1914.

F lo a t , M illie , L e ic e s t e r 1 6 ; H a ig h , A n n ie , L o n d o n 1 48 ; H o u s t o n , A lic e S ., O tto w a 1; N ic h o ls , A n n ie , D u b lin ; S a v a g e , R o s e M a r y , A n t r im 2 8 ; S te w a rt L a u r ie , B e lf a s t ; T in g e r y ,

B o r E n ro lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A ssociates:

W. Lancs. 58; Usher, Edith Hannah, Worcester 68; Williams, * * * The following are the names of Members of Territorial Branch of St. John’s mentioned in despatches by Sir Douglas Haig and published in the Gazette, December 24th, 1917 :—

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Gladys, London 146; Wallis, Annie R., Flint 6; Wood, Lucy E., W.R. Yorks 36; Wood, Rosa Dorothy, W.R. Yorks 36; Williams. * * * T he Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police in a New Year’s address takes the opportunity of bearing special tribute to the most valuable services rendered to the com munity by members of the St. John Ambulance Associa tion and Brigade, the British Red Cross Society and other First Aid and Transport Associations, who since the out break of War have never failed to assemble in adequate numbers to render succour to the victims of air raid attacks. At great inconvenience to themselves, in all weathers and at all times of the day and night, they have, on being summoned, assembled promptly and have rendtred aid with skill and efficiency whenever their ministrations have been required. The Commissioner has no hesitation in testifying to the unanimity and warmth of public appreciation of the services thus rendered, and he will be grateful to the various

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

St. John Warehouse, for Hospital Supplies.— Address Chairman. 56, St. John’s Square, E.C. 1. St. John Ambulance Brigade Depot.— Address Superin tendent, Halkyn House, Belgrave Square, S.W.

F irst Aid in th e Field. B y C O L O N E L R. J. B L A C K H A M , C.I,E., D .S .O , Member of the Order of M erc y; Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John, and Assistant Commissioner, St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas.

T o those of us who have spent all the best years of our lives in teaching first aid and preaching its importance, it has been of absorbing interest to see the methods we have preached and taught, actually practiced in the present war. The art of first aid is practiced in war by two medical formations, viz. :— 1.— Regimental medical establishments composed of regimental stretcher bearers working under the command of the regi mental medical officer, and 2.— Bearer divisions of the Royal Army Medical Corps working under officers of the field ambulances. The duty of the regimental stretcher bearers is to carry the wounded from the firing line to the regimental a i J p o s ts . At the regimental aid posts the wounded are taken over by R.A M C , and c<>nve>ed by (a) hand c image, (o) wheeled stretchers, or (c) trench tramways, to the advanced dressing stations. R A.M.C. Training lays down : —

A corner of the War Supply Depot at Belfast in charge of Mrs. President of the St. John V.A.D. organisations if they will convey to all their members the Home Secretary’s cordial recognition of their valuable work.

* * * The following addresses may be found useful to our

readers :— The Headquarters of the Joint War Committe, 83, Pall Mall. Among departments which are accommodated at this address are those of the Central Joint V.A.D. Committee, Stores and Transport, Trained Nurses, Travelling and Passports. The Central Prisoners of War Committee, 4, Thurloe Place, S.W. 7. The Central Workrooms, Royal Academy, Burlington House, Piccadilly. Medical Stores, 10, South Crescent, Store Street, W.C. I. Wounded and Missing, 18, Carlton House Terrace, S.W.i. Women’s Joint V.A.D. Department, Devonshire House, Piccadilly, W. 1.

Each medical officer with a unit, u n d e r the orders of the C .O , will e n d e a v o u r to select suitable places which m a y be used as regimental aid posts, to which the regimental stretcher bearers will bring the wounded, and where they can be attended to and left until taken over b y the field ambulances. A regimental aid post should be under cover or out of the line of fire, but sufficiently near the firing line as to be readily accessible. One or more will be selected for each battalion or other unit. Early in the war these aid posts were located in build ing or in cellars, but with the advent of trench warfare they had to be located in dugouts or shelters in the trenches. Most of these now in use are only splinter-proof. When our army started to advance last year even these shelters had to be abandoned and regimental aid posts located in shell holes or in any form of shelter abandoned by the enemy. T he Regimental Medical Officer with a battalion holding the line has quite a considerable number of men under his command, viz. : 1 Regimental Corporal, as “ Sick” Corporal. 1 Orderly and servant. 16 Regular Stretcher Bearers. When the unit is preparing for an attack he has in addition :—

16 Reserve Stretcher Bearers. 1 N.C.C., R.A.M.C. 2 Runners, R.A.M.C. 8 R.A.M.C. Bearers.

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ST.

JO H N

In other words, just before a battle the medical officer of a battalion has about 45 men, more or less, directly under his orders. The regular stretcher bearers move in rear of their companies and carry, instead of rifles and ammunition, stretchers and haversacks of dressings. Each regimental stretcher bearer wears on his left arm a brassard with the letters “ S.B.” The regular stretcher bearers of a battalion appear to be entitled to wear the Red Cross armlet, as they are definitely told off for medical duties, and are continu ously employed in this way. They at all times are un armed, and carry stretchers instead of rifles. Each company has four stretcher bearers and two stretchers, complete with slings. The senior bearer always carries a water bottle and surgical haversack, containing the following :— A r o m a t ic s p ir it o f a m m o n ia , s m a ll fla sk . B a n d a g e s , ro lle r , 1 doz. B a n d a g e s , t ria n g u la r , 4. B o r ic p o w d e r, in d re d g e r. P r e s s u r e fo rc e p s , 1 p a ir. D o u b le c y a n id e g a u ze , 6 p a c k e ts. D o u b le c y a n id e w o o l, I doz. oz. p a c k e ts. C a n d le la m p . M o r p h in e ta rtra te . N e e d le s a n d s a fe ty p in s . R u b b e r a d h e s iv e p la s te r. S c is s o r s . S t e rile s u r g ic a l s ilk , 3 0 in . le n g th s , 12 T a p e , 2 p ie c e s. T a llie s , s p e c if ic a t io n ( A . F . B . 166), 1 b o o k . T h r e a d , sto u t, I re el. T o u r n iq u e t s , F ie ld , N o . 2.

The other bearers each carry a haversack of shell dressings :— The official medical equipment of a battalion consists of a pair of field medical panniers, a medical companion, surgical haversack and two water bottles, but in addition to these the regimental aid post in rest camps and billets is generously equipped. It contains the following :— C u p s , fe e d in g . C u p s , s p it t in g .

Dressings :— G a u z e , w h ite , p a c k e ts , 10 G a u z e , c y a n id e , p a c k e ts , 10. Ja c o n e t, y a r d s 6. L in t , b o r ic , p o u n d s , 2. L in t , w h ite , p o u n d s , 4. S h e ll, d r e s s in g s , 100. Io d in e a m p o u le s , 100. A m m o n ia a m p o u le s , 200. T in c t u r e io d in e , p in ts , 1. P a n , be d , 1. T a b le , im p r o v is e d , 1. F a n s , a n t i-g a s , 3. L a m p , a c e ty le n e , 1. W h a le o il, g a lls ., 1. O x y g e n c y lin d e r s , s m a ll, 2 S to v e , “ B e a t r ic e ,” 1. S to v e , “ P r im u s ,” 1.

Splints :— A r m , 6. L e g , w ith fo o tp ie ce , 6. L is t o n , lo n g , 4. T h o m a s ’s, 3. G o o c h , y a rd s , 2. T in s , p e tro l, fo r w a te r, 2 T o r c h e s , e le c t r ic , h a n d , 3 T o u r n iq u e t s , 2. T o w e ls , h a n d , 3.

AMBULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

January, 1918.

Urinal, I. W a s h s t a n d , im p ro v is e d , 1.

Medical Comforts :— C a n d le s , 12. C o c o a a n d m ilk , tin s , 12. M e th y la t e d s p ir it , 2. M ilk , G la x o , tin s , 5. O x o , 12 ozs. S u g a r, 2 lb s . T e a , 1 lb .

A good deal of this equipment is left behind and only a small portion carried up to the trenches. The field am bulance running the advanced dressing station has large supplies of dressings and splints, and readily supplies any drugs, dressings and surgical material asked for. Solidified spirit is of the utmost value in regimental aid post work, and I always see that plenty of it is available. A wounded man is always a thirsty man, but is seldom hungry if got in early. Soup the private soldier abomi nates, but tea he loves, and I always insist on plenty of it being available at collecting posts and dressing stations, both advanced and main. Let us accompany the first aid workers of a battalion going up into the trenches on the Western front at this time of year. The journey is made after dark and the bearers plod along through the mud in single file. The darkness is relieved only by the gun flashes and the Very Lights which go up at regular intervals from the front line trenches on both sides of “ N o Man’s Land,” to assist the sentries in detecting anything of the nature of a raid or attack. The effect of this fitful illumination is weird and im pressive, and when accompanied by the arrival of shells near the narrow duck-board track, the road to the trenches often calls to mind the Psalmist’s “ Valley of the Shadow of Death.” Fortunately the men have little imagination and trudge along stoically, cursing the weather, the mud and the war, in the strange oaths which the Old Army has bequeathed to the New. Arrived at the wet, cheerless dug-out, the bearers take over their routine of work from their predecessors in the line.

(T o be concluded).

The King has signed a warrant ordaining that anyone who, after having rendered services for which the Royal Red Cross Decoration, First Class, is awarded, afterwards renders such approved services as would, if she had not received the decoration, have entitled her to it, shall be awarded a bar to be attached to the decoration.

The presence of larger British Forces on the Italian front has meant increased calls for the co-operation of the Joint War Committee of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St. John, Among other things a request was made for more motor ambulances, and within the past few weeks the Motor Ambulance Department of the Joint War Committee at 83, Pall Mall, has handed over to the Army authorities a fully equipped convoy of 50 ambulances for service on the Italian front.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ First Aid ”

— FIRST

January, 1918. CO NTEN TS E

d it o r ia l

T H IS

ist r ic t

with Dr. Henry Briggs, Heriott-Watt College,

epo rts

N o . 1 ; N o . 5 ; N o . 11 ; N o .

St . Jo

h n ’s

m bu lan ce

...

a ze tt e

—

...

100 100

...

H o s p it a l o f ... ...

102

N o te s a n d N e w s

...

102

...

103

...

105

...

106

...

107

...

107

U s e a n d A b u s e o f D is in f e c t a n t s ...

A n E m e rg e n c y S tre tch e r etter

d it o r

...

u e r ie s

a n d

...

Edinburgh,

from whom further information can be obtained.

Before

any actual designs which have not already been patented are sent to Dr. Briggs, it is desirable that inventors should apply to the Patent Office,

25,

Southampton-buildings,

Char.cery-lane, London, W.C. 2, for provisional protection for them. * * *

We are pleased to hear that the War Office has issued instructions to all military commands at home to the effect that members of the M .H .H . Reserve who have been com pulsorily transferred to combatant units may, if desired, be re-transferred to the R .A M.C.

—

L is t o f A m b u la n c e S t a t io n s n sw ers

o r r espo n d en ts

—

D e s c r ip t io n o f Io d o fo r m

...

108

P r u s s ic A c id P o is o n in g ...

...

108

D a n g e rs o f W o u n d s

...

108

N ic o t in e P o is o n in g

...

108

I t was stated at an inquest last month on one of the victims of the recent air raid in the London district that two members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade volunteered to carry an injured man to the hospital on a litter when the anti-aircraft gun firing was at its most intense pitch.

The

conduct of these men was highly praised by the Coroner,

D is lo c a t io n o f A n k le

...

108

D r e s s in g s fo r B u r n s

...

108

...

108

T r e a t m e n t o f P u n c iu r e d W o u n d s

. ..

...

110

D r e s s o n F ir e . . .

...

In answer to Colonel Faber in the House of Commons

...

on December 18th, Mr. Beck (Saffron Walden, L.) said :—

B a n d a g e s fo r F s a c t u r e d ...

...

T re a tm e n t o f C o m p o u n d F ra c tu re P

...

T h e G r a n d P r io r y o f th e O r d e r o f the S t. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d F ir s t A id in th e F ie ld

T h e G e n e s is o f th e In d ia n B r a n c h o f th e S . J . A . A . . . .

B r e v it ie s

...

12 ...

T h e C a p t u r e o f Je r u s e le m

III.

...

—

T h e R a ilw a y A m b u la n c e F ilm T

valves for self-contained breathing apparatus to commuicate

—

IO S

who have designs for automatically-adjusting oxygen feed

NUM BER.

F ir s t A id In s t r u c t io n b y C in e m a t o g ra p h D

AI D. —

r a c t ic a l

o in ts

who said he was proud that he was a life member of the Association. * *

The total number of men of military age employed by the

—

E f fic ie n t F ir s t A id

...

110

British Red Cross Society in France is stated by the society

M e d d le s o m e F ir s t A id

...

to be approximately 1,900. made by the Recruiting

men are being withdrawn for service in the armed forces,

Since the series of raids at the end of September the St. John Ambulance Brigade in London has provided a staff to attend to cases of fainting and illness in the tubes Even when there is no damage in the im

mediate locality the first air staffs find their hands suffi ciently full with people who are suffering from shock and exhaustion.

At Finsbury Park Station on two consecutive

nights 300 such cases were dealt with, although very often all the first aid that is necessary is a mug of water.

The

principal stations are now manned by the Brigade when a raid is expected, and the Borough Councils also dispatch a number of woman lavatory attendants.

Where possible,

an unused lift or storeroom is placed at the disposal of the St. John men.

to General Head

quarters, France, in June this year, a proportion of these

. Brevities.

during raids.

As a result of representations Department

Although fatalities have not been unknown

since the public began crowding into the tubes, the fewness of the serious casualities under the unusual circumstances, reflects great credit alike upon tube management,

the

ambulance service, and the police.

on the principle that men fit for general service and men of Catagory B 1, under 30 years of age, shall be released, sub ject to the right of appeal by the society cases of indispensability.

The British Red Cross Society

further states that there are also approximately 200 men of military age similarly employed in other theatres of the war.

In this country, excluding tribunal cases, there are

approximately 250 men of military age employed by the British Red Cross Society.

With two exceptions, none of

these men are fit for general service.

In addition to the

above there are a certain number of men of military age who have been granted exemption

by tribunals in

ordinary course, and who have undertaken work,

T h e Mine Rescue Research Committee of the Depart ment of Science and Industrial Reserch invites inventors

the

either

whole or part time, under the British Red Cross Society. Col. Faber asked if it could be assumed that all Red Cross men fit for the front had been combed out.

Beck thought that could not be taken for granted, but the the matter was being very carefully watched.

***'

to the Field-

Marshall Commanding-in-Chief in France in very special

Many of the

men had been granted exemption by the tribunals, and there were men who had been in the Red Cross Society from the beginning and whose services were very valuable.

— F I R S T

111.

U se a n d

A buse of

D isin fe c ta n ts.

Bv N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B.. B.A., B.C., Cantab., M.R.C.S., Eng.

Hon. Surgeon Hampstead D ivision S ./.A .B . A uthor 0/ “ A id s to F i r s t - A i d “ A id s to Home Nursing," &*c. ( Concluded from page 92.) L y s o l (Liquor Cresol Saponatus) belongs to the group of disinfectants known as Cresols of which other members are Creolin, Izal and Cyllin. These are all, like Carbolic Acid, obtained from coal tar, are much less poisonous than the latter, are similar in their action, and are available fo r a ll purposes , e g , hands, dressings, glass and metal instruments, &c. Lysol consists of cresols and potash soaps; is exten sively used as a disinfectant (1 per cent.) and as an anti septic (£ per cent.) ; is eqally reliable as as detergent and— apart from its expense— is valuable for cleansing bed pans, urinals, &c. Lysol is neutralised by alcohol, the immediate application of which (e.g., methylated spirit) will counter act its irritant effects and prevent the formation of a burn or blister. Solutions of Lysol should be prepared with warm (not hot) water. T i n c t u r e o f I o d i n e is an alcoholic solution, con taining Iodine, a non-metallic element which is so named from the violet colour of its vapour, was originally manu factured from seaweed, but is now prepared from ctrtain natural salts. It is powerfully disinfectant and irritant, the latter quality being drawn out by repeated applications. Applied to the skin, Iodine produces a yellow stain (which can be removed by an alkali), and gives rise to a sensation of heat and burning with dilatation of vessels and some escape of white cells of blood. Iodine, then fore, differs fro m other disinfectants in that, far frcm interfering with Nature’s Method of protection against infection, it actually supports these efforts, s;nce it brings about a marked and prolonged congestion of the part Further, it can be applied freely to the wound without fear of poisonous effects or danger of burning the tissues, provided that it is not repeated, and is allowed to dry by evaporation before the dressing is applied. It is most effective when applied to a dry wound. In other words, Tincture of Iodine is the quickest, safest, and most efficient antiseptic dressing —alike for septic wounds and for prevention of sepsis— especially in an emergency. (3) S o l i d s .

T he best examples of this group of Chemical dis infectants are Soaps and Chlorinated Lime. S o a p s are solid compounds of oil or fats with soda (hard soaps) or potash (soft soaps) used in washing. They possess cleansing and also valuable antiseptic'properties, because the alkalies of soap dissolve the fatty secretions of the skin and friction of the part removes germs, together with surface impurities. T o this end soft soap is more effective than hard. C h l o r i n a t e d L i m e (Bleaching Powder) is a dull white powder, smelling strongly of Chlorine gas, which it gives off on addition of an acid or exposure to air. It is obtained by passing this gas over moist, unslaked Lime. When fresh, Clorinated Lime (sometimes incorrectly termed Chloride of Lime) contains about 34 per cent, of

AID. —

January, 1918.

available Chloride gas, to which is probably due its undoubted disinfectant power. It is cheap and is chiefly indicated f o r disinfection of excreta, drains, urinals, bed-pans, &c., for which purposfi it is usually used in the strength of 2 2-4 oz. per gallon. If exposed to air, it will absorb moisture and become inert, such change being proven by the pasty appearance of powder and by absence of strong odour of Chloride. It is noteworthy that during the last two years solu tions of Bleaching Powder— prepared in various ways have been used in the treatment of septic wounds, and that some of them are now accepted as efficient— though some what unstable— -disinfectants which promote natural heal ing, and are free from poisonous and irritating effects. II I .— R U L E S

D ISIN FECTIO N .

Keeping in mind the inestimable benefits which have resulted from the use of Disinfectants, we are now able to epitomise concisely in four definite Rules all that has been discussed in this Article. (1) Disinfection M u st be Suitable to the Purpose. We have seen that the Methods of Disinfection vary in their potency ; that their efficiency depends on many factors, e.g., temperature and strength of solution, medium, & c . ; and that the ideal object is to select that most suitable to the purpose. Thus, cotton and linen articles may either be boiled for 30 minutes or soaked in Ctesol (2 per cent.) or Carbolic (5 per cent.) solutions for at least 2 hours, whereas blankets and woollen goods must be steri lised by steam, which is also the method of choice for a ll bu/kv articles, e g., mattresses, pillows, clothing, &c. Again, feeding and nursing utensils are first cleansed by fie 2 use of brush and water containing soda, and then disinfected either by being placed in antiseptic solution for 30 minutes or, better still, by immersion in cold water which is gradually raised to and maintained at boiling point for 510 minutes. Lastly, the clinical thermometer can only be sterilised by means of disinfectant solution, e.g., Cirbolic (5 per cent.), which in its turn is removed by riming in cold, sterile water. (2) Disinfection M ust be Commenced on the Spot. We have seen that Infection— viz, the transmission of disease— is spread by living germs. When, therefore, we appreciate the possibilities of infection, we must deal with it at its source of origin. For example, the excreta of a Typhoid Fever patient must be placed in strong Carbolic solution (5 per c e n t ) or treated with Chlorinated Lime (2 per c e n t ) at the bedside, and not immediately thrown down the drain or put on one side for subsequent disinfec tion. Otherwise, an epidemic of Typhoid Fever may arise from delay in commencing action. Again, the hands of the attendant, who has completed this task, must forthwith be cleansed and scrubbed thor oughly with soap and water, and further disinfected by be ing soaked in antiseptic lotion, e.g , Perchloride of Mercury (1-2000) or Carbolic (1-40), for a minimum period of 2 minutes. Lastly, the feeding utensils, which have been used by this patient must not be removed from the sick room until they have been soaked for 20 minutes in a bucket of strong disinfectant placed near the door. (3) Disinfection M u st be Sufficiently Prolonged. We have seen that Disinfection means the destruction of germs and that most disinfectants are powerful poisons. Yet we often fail to realise that time must be allowed for this purpose, and also that the time allotted varies with the method adopted. Thus, disinfection by heat demands

— F I R S T

January 1918

15 minutes if boiling is adopted for instruments, at least one hour if steam is used for bulky or woolen articles, whereas disinfection by Chemicals requires 30 minutes if liquid solutions are preferred for nursing utensils, and not less than 1 2 hours if gas is chosen for the sick-room. At the same time it must be pointed out that Dis infection can be carried to excess, For examples, many kinds of material, e.g., rubber, are rapidly ruined by being too long or too frequently, and extravagance in fuel also results. Similarly, water required for drinking loses it natural gases when boiled for more than one minute, and is rendered flat and unpalatable. (4) Disinfection M u st be Sufficiently Potent. We have seen that most methods of Disinfection are, if indiscreetly used, injurious to the tissues, and that some germs are able to resist their action for a long time. Hence there is need for care in the application of the method selected. Thus, for efficient disinfection by boiling the water must be carefully kept at boiling point for the full period, whilst for that by steam the correct amount of pres sure must be maintained throughout. Similarly, with liquid disinfectants it follows that the more potent the solution, the more rapid and complete will be its task of destroying germs. Indeed, it is remarkable that Lister based his Principles of Antisepsis on a weak (1-40) solution of Car bolic Acic which could only prevent the growth of germs, and that he always taught that the washing of the operator’s hands in soap and water would interfere with the activity of the antiseptic lotion. Under these circumstances we must carefully recognise the disinfectant — as compared with the antiseptic — strength of the drug selected. Lastly, combinations of such chemical solutions do not tend to greater efficiency and potency, because most of them are incompatible and incapable of acting together in harmony. F

in is

E m erg en cy B

AID .— beneath the patient is to see that the buttocks lie third loops. The following advantages can be claimed :— (1) It is cheap and easily made. (2) under a patient in bed as easily as a draw-sheet, patient can then at once be lifted and taken away

(ID

..rz

over the

It can be put and the over the

fa ]

--------- 1 TT •— - T n- • 1 II 1 » l| I

: ! ;

jii

1 1 1

: j!

■'• 1 1 d 1 ij'i ii ! 11 ■ 1 > h 1 1 •(' 1 i ! ■ 1 1: 1 ___ L -'L■ ____ ! - E b_ ------------L ______________ j J m

i f )

foot of the bed. (3) Four women can lift a heavy patient. (4) It is very useful in cottage houses. It can also be used as a carrying chair, one bearer on each side, taking the first and third loops, and the patient sitting and leaning back on the canvas between these points. Each side of the canvas may be turned over to form a channel for introduction of poles, thus allowing it to be used as an ordinary stretcher. It can be easily made at home, but can also be bought from Messrs. Knight & Co., The Square, Bournemouth.

Setters to the Sditor. We are in no may responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

L IS T

S tr etch er .

BOTTOMLEY,

Surgeon and Acting Supt., Bournemouth Div., S.J A B. T he stretcher described was devised to enable nurses to carry a patient up or down the somewhat narrow angular staircase of a V.A.D. hospital, and to be especially avail able in case of fire. An ordinary stretcher with poles has to be lifted over the banisters and require strong men, whereas on this stretcher a heavy patient can be easily con veyed by four women It has been used for taking patient to and from the operating theatre, and is well adapted for this purpose and other short journeys. It consists of a piece of canvas 5 ! ft. long by 20 in. w ide; four loops for hand-holds are fixed on each side of this, and the stretcher is carried by two bearers on each side holding a loop in each hand. The loops are conveni ently made from 3 in, webbing, which is sewn in two lines across the under surface of the canvas. They are placed respectively about 7 in., 19 in., 33 in. and 54 in. from the head end, and support the head, shoulders, buttocks, and legs (below the knees). It will be noticed that the third and fourth loops are further apart than the first and second ; this enables the bearers at the foot end to take some of the main weight of the body \ and the important point in placing the canvas

AM BULAN CE

S T A T IO N S .

S i r , — I h a v e o ften t h o u g h t w h a t a g re a t a ss e t it w o u ld be if in c a s e o f a c c id e n t s th e first a id e r k n e w if th e re w a s a n a m b u la n c e s ta tio n n e a r b y w h e re s k ille d a s s is t a n c e c o u ld b e h a d if n e c e s s a ry . T h e r e a re m a n y a m b u la n c e s ta tio n s a ll o v e r th e c o u n t ry , b u t I am a fr a id m a n y o f u s d o n o t k n o w w h e re to fin d th e m , e s p e c ia lly o u t o f o u r o w n to w n , o r e v e n d is t r ic t ; a n d 1 t h in k it w o u ld be a v e r y g re a t a d v a n ta g e in t h is g o o d c a u s e if y o u c o u ld p u b lis h in F i r s t A i d a lis t o f th e a m b u la n c e s ta tio n s t h ro u g h o u t th e c o u n try . I f t h e ir n u m b e r s a re too m a n y fo r o n e is s u e , p e r h a p s y o u c o u ld d e a l w ith a d is t r ic t e a c h m o n th .— Y o u r s t ru ly , A . T . G o o d in g . [ W e a re a fr a id it w o u ld be im p o s s ib le to c o m p ile s u c h a lis t as o u r c o r r e s p o n d e n t s u g g e s ts , a s th e a m b u la n c e s e r v ic e s o f v a r io u s to w n s a re in c h a rg e o f m a n y d iffe re n t a u t h o r it ie s . G e n e r a lly , in p r o v in c ia l to w n s, th e a m b u la n c e s ta tio n s a re in d ic a t e d b y la m p - p o s t s ig n s , w h ile in L o n d o n w e h a v e th e c a llb o x s y ste m a n d te le p h o n e .— E d . “ F . A . ” ]

In dealing with the annual report of the Manchester Special Constables in our last issue, we regret an error occurred. Special

The report was not that of the Manchester

Constables Ambulance Corps,

E a s t D ivision of the Corps.

but only of

the

T he Corps comprises five

divisions, and, therefore, has a larger membership than that indicated in the paragraph.

— F I R S T

io8

Queries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

D o e s N ic o t in e a ct lik e O p iu m a n d p ro d u c e s le e p , p in p o in t p u p ils , & c . ? (2 ) S in c e it s ta in s th e fin g e rs , & c ., s h o u ld a n e m e tic be w ith h e ld , a s la id d o w n in C a n t lie (p. 1 5 1 ) ? (3 ! W h a t is c o r r e c t tre a tm e n t in c a s e s o f p o is o n in g w ith N ic o t in e ?

Queries w ill be dealt w ith under the following rules :— 1 . — Letters containing Queries ?nust be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 .— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. 7 . — Queries, accompanied by stamped addressed envelope, w ill be answered by post.

D escription of I odoform. P . L . ( S w a n s e a ) :— A t a n A m b u la n c e C o m p e titio n I w a s a s k e d “ W h a t is Io d o fo rm ?” W a s I r ig h t th a t it is a n a n t is e p t ic u s e d fo r prevention o f accumulation o f g e rm s. Y e s , b u t p e r h a p s prevention o f growth o f g e rm s w o u ld h a v e b e e n a b e tt e r a n s w e r. I t c o n s is ts o f fin e y e llo w c r y s t a ls (w h ic h h a v e a p e c u lia r a n d c h a r a c t e r is t ic s m e ll) a n d a c ts b y lib e r a t io n o f fre e Io d in e .— N. CORBET F letche r.

January, 19 18.

AID. —

( 1 ) N o . N ic o t in e c lo s e ly re s e m b le s S t r y c h n in e a n d b e lo n g s to th e Ir r it o - N a r c o t ic g r o u p o f p o is o n s . I t is (lik e S t r y c h n in e a n d P r u s s ic A c id ) a m ost p oten t n erv e p o iso n a n d m a y c a u s e d e a th in 3 m in u te s w ith s y m p to m s o f p ro fo u n d C o lla p s e — the p u p ils b e in g w id e ly d ila t e d , a lth o u g h in th e e a r ly sta g e s th e y a re c o n tra c t e d b y N ic o t in e . I t is u s u a lly a s s o c ia te d w ith n a u s e a a n d v o m itin g , a n d o c c a s io n a lly w ith c o n v u ls io n s a n d s ig n s o f A s y p h y x ia . (2 ) A s w ith S t r y c h n in e a n d P r u s s ic A c id , a n e m e tic s h o u ld be g iv e n w ith o u t a m o m e n t’s d e la y a n d b e fo re in s e n s ib ilit y d e v e lo p s . W it h c a s e s o f p o is o n in g it is th e “ b u r n in g ” (w h ic h is o n ly fo u n d w ith C o r r o s iv e A c id s a n d A lk a lie s ) a n d n o t the “ s t a in in g ,” w h ic h c o n tra in d ic a te s th e a d m in is t ra t io n o f a n e m e tic , b e c a u s e — w h e n we fin d th e lip s a n d m o u th b u r n e d — th e n w e s u s p e c t th a t the s to m a c h is a ls o b u rn e d a n d lia b le to ru p tu r e i f v o m it in g is e x c ite d . (3 ) I n m ild c a s e s , a ct a s y o u r m o th e r d id w h e n y o u s m o k e d y o u r firs t p ip e — v iz., a n e m e tic , a d o se o f c a s to r o il a n d to b e d w ith y o u 1 I n s e v e re c a s e s , g iv e e m e tic a n d tre a t a s fo r P r u s s ic A c id p o is o n in g , p a y in g s p e c ia l a tte n tio n to th e C o lla p s e , w h ic h is th e m o st p ro m in e n t fe a tu re w ith N ic o t in e . - N . C O R BET

F le tc h e r .

D islo c a tio n

Prussic A cid P oisoning. P . L . (S w a n s e a ) I f a m a n w h o h a s ta k e n P r u s s ic A c id is in s e n s ib le , a n y t h in g qiven by mouth is fo rb id d e n . (1 ) H o w c a n y o u m a k e p a tie n t, i f t ic k lin g th e th ro a t f a ils ? (2 ) W o u ld a F ir s t - A id e r be ju s t ifie d in u s in g a s to m a c h p u m p , if m e d ic a l a s s is ta n c e w a s t o t a lly im p o s s ib le ? ( 1 ) T h e p a tie n t b e in g in s e n s ib le , y o u m u st n ot a tte m p t to m a k e h im v o m it. S o y o u r s u g g e s t io n o f t ic k lin g h is th ro a t is v e r y b a d tre a tm e n t a n d a n e x a m p le o f M e d d le s o m e F ir s t - A id . A ll th a t y o u c a n d o is la id d o w n in C a n t lie (p . 152). (2 ) Certainly not. The use of stomach pump involves ex

D angers of W ounds . E . (S o u t h s e a ) a s k s fo r G e n e r a l T r e a t m e n t p u n c t u r e d , c o n tu s e d a n d la c e r a t e d w o u n d s.

in c is e d ,

Y o u w ill fin d th e G e n e r a l R u le s in Cantlie (p p . 7 6 a n d 94). E x e r c is e th e P r in c ip le s o f F ir s t A id ( Cantlie , pp . 17 a n d 1 8 ) a n d m o d ify th e R u le s to s u it th e d iffe re n t v a rie t ie s o f w o u n d s w ith s p e c ia l re fe re n c e to t h e ir d a n g e rs . W it h contused a n d lacerated w o u n d s H a e m o rrh a g e is n o t u s u a lly m a rk e d — w ith th e fo rm e r, b y re a s o n o f th e a s s o c ia te d b r u is in g a n d d e p o s it o f b lo o d c lo t ; w it h th e la tte r, b e c a u s e o f th e in f o ld in g o f th e m u s c u la r c o a ts o f v e s s e ls w h ic h , as it w ere , c o r k s th e v e s s e l m o u th s , b u t w h ic h m a y b e fo llo w e d b y s e v e re R e a c t io n a r y H a e m o rrh a g e a s w h e n a lim b is to rn off. W it h b o th v a r ie t ie s a n d fo r s a m e re a s o n s the d a n g e r o f S e p s is is g re a t. W it h incised w o u n d s s e v e re H a e m o rrh a g e is fre q u e n t ly se e n b e c a u s e th e v e s s e l w a lls a re c o m p le t e ly s e v e re d ; b u t th e re is a c o r r e s p o n d in g ly s lig h t r is k o f S e p s is , o w in g to th e fre e b a t h in g o f w o u n d w ith b lo o d . W it h punctured w o u n d s th e r is k o f b o th H a e m o rrh a g e a n d S e p s is a re u s u a lly u r g e n t b e c a u s e d e e p v e s s e ls a re in ju r e d a n d th e b lo o d is r e ta in e d in w h a t a re p r a c t ic a lly c lo s e d c a v itie s . W it h a ll varieties of w o u n d s th e d a n g e r s o f S h o c k a re v a r ia b le , a n d d e p e n d c h ie f ly on th e q u a n t it y o f b lo o d lo s t a n d th e ra te o f lo s s o f b lo o d .— N . Corbet F letcher.

A n k l e .

( 1 ) D is lo c a t io n s o f jo in t , c o m p a re d w ith fra c t u re s o f b o n e s, a re e x c e e d in g ly ra re a c c id e n t s , a n d u s u a lly a ffect th e u p p e r lim b . S p r a in o f a n k le jo in t is a s fre q u e n t a s d is lo c a t io n is in fre q u e n t. (2 ) N o . I t is w ro n g to u n c o v e r a d is lo c a t e d jo in t , u n less so m e s p e c ia l in d ic a t io n is p re s e n t (e .g ., c o m p o u n d - d is lp c a tio n ) a n d u n t il p a tie n t h a s b e e n re m o v e d to h is [h ou se. T r e a t as la id d o w n in C a n tlie (p. 6 3 ).— N . C o r b f .t F l e t c h e r .

pert knowledge and experience, failing which a First-Aider should not presume to employ it, more especially with an in sensible patient.— N. CORBET F letcher .

o f

W . M . (P e m b r o k e ) a s k s (1 ) i f a d is lo c a t e d a n k le o ften o c c u r s ; a n d (2 ) i f th e b o o t s h o u ld be re m o v e d a n d lim b p la c e d in s p lin ts .

D r e ssin g s

f o r

B u rn s.

R . W . M . ( E r i t h ) sta te s th a t h is D e ta c h m e n t (w h o se m e m b e rs a re d e ta ile d fo r A i r R a id D u t y ) r e q u ir e a s u ita b le , s e lf-c o n t a in e d d r e s s in g fo r B u rn s , to re p la c e P ic r ic A c id a p p lic a t io n s w h ic h a re n o w u n o b t a in a b le . H e a s k s fo r s o m e th in g w h ic h c a n be p la c e d o n in ju r y at o n c e a n d re m o v e d w it h o u t le a v in g m a te r ia l in w o u n d . C y a n id e G a u z e (k e p t in s e a le d p a c k e ts a n d u s e d in its e n t ir e ty w h e n p a c k e t is b r o k e n ) is a jv e r y u s e fu l p re p a re d d r e s s in g fo r B u rn s , b e c a u s e (1 ) it a b s o rb s a n y d is c h a rg e , (2 ) p re v e n ts its d e c o m p o s itio n , a n d ( 3 ) — to so m e e x te n t— s o o th e s th e in ju ry . T h e a d d it io n o f B o r a c ic A c id (4 p a r ts ) a n d S a lic y lic A c id (1 p a rt) p o w d e rs — w e ll m ix e d a n d lig h t ly d u s te d o n the g a u z e — h a s b e e n s u g g e s te d to in c r e a s e b o th its a n t is e p t ic a n d a ls o its s o o th in g p ro p e rtie s . B o r ic L in t , if u s e d w ith s a m e p r e c a u t io n s , p o s se ss e s s im i la r a d v a n ta g e s a n d is the m o st s e r v ic e a b le F ir s t - A id d r e s s in g fo r a n y lo c a l in ju ry . F a i li n g tn e se , p ie c e s o f lin t o f s u ita b le size c a n b e s p r e a d w ith B o r ic O in tm e n t (d ilu t e d w ith e q u a l p a rts o f V a s e lin e ), a n d k e p t r o lle d u p in a s u it a b le c o n ta in e r fo r u se in a n e m e rg e n c y . S u c h d r e s s in g s a re a n t is e p t ic , s o o t h in g a n d u s e fu l.— N . C o r b e t F le tc h e r .

B an d ag es

f o r

F r actu r ed

F em u r .

N icotine Poisoning. H P . (H a m p s t e a d ) r e m a r k s th a t s o lu t io n s o f N ic o t in e a re n o w

M . R . ( N o t t in g h a m ) :— I n y o u r A n s w e r to M . B. ( N o v e m b e r is s u e ) y o u s a y — w ith re fe re n c e to b a n d a g e s fo r fra c t u r e d f e m u r— “ first c o n tr o l fra c t u re b y tw o b a n d a g e s , o n e a b o v e a n d o n e b e lo w fra c t u r e .” H o w d o y o u r e c o n c ile th is t e a c h in g w ith th e in s t ru c t io n s la id d o w n in C a n tlie (p . 58) ?

b e in g fre e ly u s e d fo r g a r d e n in g p u rp o s e s a n d a s k s : ( 1 )

By exercising the Principles of First-Aid and especially

January, 1918

— F I R S T

AID

109

—

FIR S T-A ID I0 D E X

A BLAND & PAINLESS

(Un£. Iodi M . ^ )

—IODINE DRESSING.—

for U n ifo r m s

a n d

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A n tise p tic .

I O D E X is a First-Aid Dressing of great merit— painless and bland It promotes rapid healing and is ideal in septic wounds, tears, abrasions, bruises, burns, scalds, inflamed feet, etc.

IO D E X has been supplied to :

E q u i p m e n t

H .M . F l e e t S u r g e o n s , R .A .M .C . Surgeons, R ed C r o s s S u r g e o n s ,

Vast modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge comparb son with any other clothing of equal quality.

Croix R o u ge F rancalse B e l g i a n F i e ld H o s p i t a l s ,

I O D E X is non-staining, non irritating Free Iodine of great penetrative power. It is a power ful absorbent and antiseptic, and rapidly reduces inflammation.

F r e n c h F i e ld H o s p i t a l s , N um erous M ilita ry Hospitals, M e m b e r s of St. John A m bulan ce.

I0 D E X

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Prices and Samples on request. 1 6 ,

I L E

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E n l a r g e d G la n d s , G oitre. T u b e r c u lo u s Joints, B u r s itis , S y n o v it is , S c ia tic a, N e u ritis, Gout, R heu m ato id A rthritis, H yd rocele, P arasitic S k in Diseases. R in g w o r m , Chilblain s, Acne, Bolls, M u m p s , S p r a in s , AND ALL IN FL A M M A T O R Y C O N D ITIO N S. L it e r a t u r e

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U s e d e x t e n s i v e l y in British, Civil and M il ita ry hospitals, and by the Re d C r o s s So c ie tie s ol G r e a t Br itain, the ov er s e a Dominions, and the Allies. Sold in tins by Chemists,etc. , everywhere BENGER'S FOOD LTD., — Otter Works, — MANCHESTER, Eng.

as below, is exclusively devoted to the

Clothing & Equipment

Branch <fficcs : NewYork Sydney. llepolNthroughout Canada.

Officers of all Ranks and all Services, and the supply of High Grade Tailor ing

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Uniforms

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moderate prices. U

C H EA PEST HOUSE

Pattern

FOR

P R IC E

L IS T

AND

P A TTER N S

TO : -

Uniform Clothing & Equipment Co, (FRED

EVANS.

Proprietor;,

C le rk e n w e ll Green, F a r r in g d o n Road, L O N D O N . E.O T e l e p h o n e — N o, 2353 H o lb o r n , T e l e g r a m s — " E -vaoa, C l e r k e n w e l l G r e e n , L o n d o n .

— FIRST

m y “ d i s c r i m in a t i o n ” a n d “ r e s o u r c e f u ln e s s ” ! ! T h e danger is a t th e se a t o f fra c t u re w h ic h m u st re c e iv e im m ediate a tt e n tio n . F u r t h e r , o n p a g e 58 o f C a n tlie a lis t o f b a n d a g e s r e q u ir e d is set o u t w ith o u t an y reference to s e q u e n c e o f a p p lic a tio n w h ic h c o n s t itu te d the d if fic u lt y o f th e c o rr e s p o n d e n t n a m e d .— N. C orbet F letcher . P.

C . ( P a r r a m a t t a , N . S . W ) a s k s h o w to p r e p a r e S a lt s , s u c h a s th o se s u p p lie d b y c h e m is ts .

S m e llin g

S m e llin g S a lt s c o n s is t o f A m m o n iu m C a r b o n a t e w ith L a v e n d e r. T h e y a re in d ic a te d a s b r a in a n d r e s p ira t o r y s t im u la n t , e s p e c ia lly w iih S y n c o p e a n d c o n t r a -in d ic a t e d w ith s e v e re H a jm o r r h a g e a n d H e a d - ln ju r ie s . T h e ir p r e p a r a t io n is b e y o n d the s c o p e of F ir s t A id . — N. C orbet F letcher .

T reatment of Punctured W ounds . C . M . ( S o u t h s e a ) :— A m a n h a s in ju re d h is foo t w ith a fo rk w h ile d ig g in g p o ta to e s. T h e r e is d ir t in the w o u n d . H a v in g n o s te r ile w a te r, s h o u ld I w a sh w o u n d w ith ta p -w a te r, a n d th e n p a in t w ith Io d in e , o r s h o u ld I le t w o u n d b le e d a lit t le to w a sh o u t p o is o n to so m e e xte n t, a n d th e n p a in t w ith Io d in e ? \ o u r s e c o n d s u g g e s t io n is th e r ig h t o ne. T h e le s s a w o u n d is in t e rfe r re d w ith in a n e m e rg e n c y , th e le s s a re the d a n g e rs o f S e p s is . F o r t h is re a s o n , th e T e x t -b o o k c o n c e n tra te s a tte n tio n o n tre a tm e n t o f H a e m o rrh a g e (s in c e the d angers to life a ris e fro m lo s s o f b lo o d ) a n d m a k e s th e p re v e n t io n o f S e p s is a s id e — b u t n o n e th e le s s im p o r t a n t — is s u e . I n th e C a s e q u o te d , the t a p w a te r m ig h t be a f u r t h e r s o u rc e o f S e p t ic In f e c t io n , the d a n g e r o f w h ic h is a lr e a d y u r g e n t .— N . C orbet F letcher .

D ress on F ire . F.

A . (S e lw y n , N .Z .) a s k s w h y a p a tie n t, w h o se d r e s s is on fire , is p la c e d o n g ro u n d w ith fla m e s u p p e rm o s t •

The p ro n e (o r re c u m b e n t) p o s itio n m in im is e s the d a n g e r s o f fire , b e c a u s e (1 ) it lim it s th e ra n g e o f a c t iv it y o f th e fla m e s , (2 ) it s to p s a n y d ra u g h t w h ic h w o u ld fa n the fla m e s in to in c r e a s e d a c t iv it y , a n d (3 ) p la c e s p a tie n t in s it u a tio n m o st c o n v e n ie n t fo r s m o t h e r in g fla m e s , fo r d r e s s in g b u m s a n d fo r c o m b a t in g s h o c k .— N. C orbet F letcher .

T reatment of C ompound F racture . G.

C . M . ( F o r t W i l l a m , C a n a d a ) e x p re s s e s h is s in c e r e a p p r e c ia t io n o f the u t ilit y o f th e se c o lu m n s , a n d a s k s : — ( 1 ) W it h c o m p o u n d f r a c t u r e o f fe m u r (bone p r o tr u d ing), w h y s h o u ld a F ir s t - A id e r a v o id a p p lic a t io n o f e x te n s io n to lo w e r fra g m e n t ? (2 ) W o u ld it be rig h t to d re s s w o u n d , th e n s tra ig h t e n (bu t n o t ex ten d ) lim b , a n d f in a lly a p p ly s p lin t s a n d bandages ? ( 3 ) W o u ld th e p r o t r u d in g b o n e be p u lle d b a c k in to its p la c e b y s tr a ig h t e n in g the lim b ? I f so , w o u ld it su ffii e to d r e s s th e w o u n d , a p p ly s p lin t s a n d b a n d a g e s , a n d k e e p lim b at r e s t a s fa r a s p o s s ib le ? (4) I f the a c c id e n t h a p p e n e d in th e b u s h , a n d the ser vices o f a doctor w ere n o t a v a ila b le fo r 2 o r 3 d a y s , w o u ld e x t e n s io n b e ju s t if ie d u n d e r th e se s p e c ia l c ir c u m s t a n c e s ?

AI D.

January, 1918

because sp ecia l a n tisep tic p r eca u tio n s m u st be taken w ith c o m p o u n d f ra c t u r e s (m o re p a r t ic u la r ly if o n e o r b o th f ra g m e n ts p ro tr u d e ) — b o th to c o u n te ra c t a n y e x is t e n t (a n d a ls o to a n t i c ip a te a n y s u b s e q u e n t) S e p t ic In f e c t io n ; a n d ( iv ) because e x tension req u ires ex p e r t k n o w ledge o f a n a t o m y a n d s k ill in the n e c e s s a ry m a n ip u la tio n s , w ith o u t w h ic h it c a n n o t be e ffic ie n t, a n d is , th e re fo re , u n ju s t if ia b le a n d bo th o f w h ic h a re b e y o n d th e m o st h ig h ly - t r a in e d F ir s t - A id e r . (2 & 3 ) W it h c o m p o u n d fra c t u re s the first s te p in tre a t m e n t is to d r e s s th e w o u n d . S t r a ig h t e n in g (w it h o u t e x te n s io n o f) the lim b w o u ld in m o st in s t a n c e s a g g r a v a t e th e fra c t u r e a n d in c re a s e the p a in w ith o u t d o in g a n y g o o d ; fu rth e r, e x c e p t w ith fra c t u re s o f fe m u r a n d h u m e ru s , w h e re th e re is m a rk e d s h o r te n in g a n d o v e r - r id in g o f fra g m e n ts it w o u ld b e w e ll- n ig h im p o s s ib le . C o r r e c t tre a tm e n t r e q u ir e s f i r s t th a t the w o u n d be d re s s e d a n d a n y h a e m o rrh a g e c o n tr o lle d , secondly th a t th e fra c t u r e be fix e d w ith s p lin t s a n d b a n d a g e s as fir m ly a n d as com fortably as i s p ossib le u n d e r th e g iv e n c ir c u m s t a n c e s ; a n d th ir d ly th a t the p a tie n t b e re m o v e d re c u m b e n t o n th e s tre tc h e r. (4 ) F o r th e re a s o n s a lr e a d y g iv e n I am o f o p in io n that eAen th e se m o st e x c e p tio n a l c ir c u m s t a n c e s d o n o t ju s tify a n y a c t iv e in te rfe re n c e , e s p e c ia lly if b o n e p ro tu d e s ; a n d th a t the p a tie n t’s in t e re s ts w ill be b e st c o n s id e re d i f th e F ir s t - A id e r (1 ) ta k e s ste p s to k e e p th e fra c t u r e d fe m u r a s c o m p le t e ly at re st a s is p o s s ib le w ith d u e a tte n tio n to the c o m fo rt o f th e p a tie n t, a n d to tre a t th e w o u n d w ith fu ll a n t is e p t ic p r e c a u t io n s , a n d (2 ) d e c id e s to a w a it th e a r r iv a l o f the d o c to r, m o re e s p e c ia lly a s s o m e a u t h o r it ie s c la im th a t, p ro v id e d a fra c t u re is e ffic ie n tly c o n tro lle d in th e first in s t a n c e , n o g re a t h a rm is lik e ly to e n s u e , e v e n i f th e fin a l s e t tin g o f th e lim b is p o s tp o n e d fo r a w e e k .— N . C orbet F letcher .

^Practical Joints. The E d itor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to geea and bad taints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

E fficient F irst-Aid. A g ir l d r a n k so m e O x a lic A c id b y m is ta k e . F a i li n g o th e r re m e d ie s , a F ir s t - A id e r g r o u n d d o w n a c la y p ip e a n d a d m in is te re d th is a s a n a n tid o te , th e re b y s a v in g th e g ir l’s life . N . B . — T h e s a lts o f S o d a a n d P o ta s h a re n o t p e rm is s a b le , b e c a u s e th e y c o m b in e w ith O x a lic A c id to fo rm s o lu b le p o is o n s. A c la y p ip e is c o m p o s e d o f lim e , c h a lk a n d c la y , the first tw o o f w h ic h in t e ra c t w ith t h is a c id to p ro d u c e a n in s o lu b le c o m p o u n d a n d so re n d e r th e p o is o n in n o c u o u s .— C . M ., S o u th S h ie ld s .

Meddlesome F irst -Aid.

A g ir l, s u ffe rin g fro m a p o is o n e d fin g e r, c o n s u lte d a d o c to r w h o la n c e d the fin g e r a n d a d v is e d h e r to a p p ly b o r a c ic fo m e n ta tio n s. N e x t m o r n in g s h e c o m p la in e d o f g re a t p a in a n d u n w is e ly to o k in to h e r c o n fid e n c e a F ir s t - A id e r , w h o — fo rg e tfu l o f th e P r in c ip le s o f F ir s t - A id — ig n o r e d th e d o c t o r’s in s t ru c t io n s a n d p re su m e d to o p e n u p the w o u n d w ith a n e e d le . W h ile r e d r e s s in g th e fin g e r, th e F ir s t - A id e r a c c id e n t a lly p r ic k e d h is o w n h a n d w ith th e n e e d le , a n d w it h in 24 h o u rs w a s ly in g d a n g e r o u s ly il l w ith B lo o d p o is o n in g w h ic h in c a p a c it a t e d h im fo r th re e m o n th s. (1 ) W it h a ll lo c a l in ju r ie s th e d a n g e rs a re H a e m o rrh a g e , N . B . — T h i s c a s e c le a r ly p ro v e s ( i ) t h a t M e d d le s o m e F ir s t S h o c k a n d S e p s is ; w ith c o m p o u n d f ra c t u r e s th e se a re a ll p r e A id m a y be a c c o m p a n ie d b y u rg e n t d a n g e r to a m e d d lin g s e n t in m a rk e d d e g re e , e s p e c ia lly th e la s t n a m e d . In c i F ir s t - A id e r n o le s s th a n to th e p a tie n t ; a n d (2 ) th a t a p p a r e n t ly d e n t a lly , in th e p r e -a n tis e p t ic d a y s p a tie n ts w ith s u c h in ju rie s s m a ll in ju r ie s m a y r e q u ir e im m e d ia te e x p e rt a tte n tio n . B . C ., w e re fo rtu n a te to e sc a p e d e a th , a n d s t ill m o re fo rtu n a te to H a m p s te a d . r e c o v e r w ith o u t a m p u t a tio n o f th e a ffecte d lim b . A l l a tte m p ts a t e x t e n s io n o f a c o m p o u n d f ia c t u r e a re r ig h t ly r e g a r d e d a s M e d d le s o m e F ir s t A id . a n d a re s t r ic t ly fo r b id d e n to a F ir s t - A id e r , w h o is , b y th e w a y , a q u a lifie d a n d c e r t ific a t e d m e m b e r o f th e c o m m u n ity (1) because h is d u ties are d iie c te d to the p r e v e n tio n of f u r t h e r in ju r y a n d n o t to a c tu a l tre a tm e n t o f a n y c o n d it io n , s a v e u n d e r e x c e p t io n ^ c iic u m ireiji.:r.kd i'D s ta n c e s w h en life is a t stake (e .g ., A s p h y x i a ) ; ( ii) because a ctive in terferen ce w i l l increa se th e d a n g e r s o f H e m o r r h a g e a n d S h o c k , q u it e a p a rt fro m a g g r a v a t io n o f the f ra c t u r e it s e lf ; ( iii)

READY SOUPS II

January, 1918.

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AI D. —

h i

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For

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We make this announcement as a guide to the purchaser and as a pro tection to the dealer, because a few cases have come to our notice where Hall’s Wine has been sold above the advertised price.

H a lls W in e

Pilot C l o t h .................. Army Cl o th ..................

48763767/6

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\ X) O ffic e rs •O .XX ..JD . G r e y

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THE

-----

A M BULANCE

GAZETTE.

Edited by ARTHUR B. DALE. No. 284. —

V o l.

XX IV .

NOTICE

FEBRUARY,

1918.

[2/6 Per Annum, Post Free

{ E n u r e d a t S ta tio n e r s '

these ambulance men and women have acquired the neces

READERS.

sary training which enables them to render first aid to the

F IR S T A ID is published on the 2 0 th of each m onth. A n n u a l Subscription is a s .

T he

6 d . post free ; single copies 2 d .

tunity of applying their knowledge for the alleviation of the

Its aim and object being the advancem ent of A m bulance W o rk in a ll its branches, the E d ito r invites Readers to send A rticle s and R eports on subjects pertain in g to the M ovem ent and also welcomes suggestions for P ractical Papers. A ll R eports, & c., should be addressed to the E d ito r, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accom panied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, A dvertisem ents and other business Com m unications connected w ith F I R S T A I D should be forwarded to the P ublishers, DALE,

REYN O LDS

C O .,

ailing and injured, and they ask no reward for the oppor

suffering of their unfortunate brothers and sisters.

Any

other attitude would be foreign to the spirit of the Move ment which springs from a sincere

appreciation of and

devotion to high and noble ideals. Prior to the outbreak of war the ignorance

of the

general public with regard to activities in connection with the ambulance movement was frequently remarked, and whilst it was known that there existed an organisation in

L t d .,

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E .C . 4.

the country which provided uniformed workers for service on occasions when large concourses of the public assembled,

Telegraphic A ddress: “ Twenty-four, London." Telephone No. 54TJ Bank.

such services were more or less taken for granted.

It was

known possibly that certain large undertakings encouraged

EDITORIAL.

their employees to acquire efficiency in first aid methods, and that an association was in being having for its object the preparation of men and women to succour the wounded

T h o s e

First Aid on the Home Front,

of our readers who peruse the

correspondence columns of the London daily press will have noticed quite a number of letters from various sources eulogising the valuable work performed

by ambulance men and women on behalf of the unfortunate victims of the more recent air raids.

Such letters are sig

nificant only because they are so few and far between. We have seen many tributes to the efforts of the special con stables, hospital staffs and others concerned— all richly and fully deserved— but have been struck by the paucity of praise meted out to the London ambulance workers who have always been at their posts to succour the wounded on these occasions.

Anyone acquainted with the complete

organisation of the St. John Ambulance Brigade for tend ing the injuries resulting from hostile air raids may be par doned for asking why our ambulance workers have hitherto been denied the thanks and encouragement which is their just due.

in what was then regarded as the very remote possibility of war— particularly a hostile invasion.

Beyond this the man

in the street knew little of the ambulance movement, and apart from the small minority of ambulance enthusiasts, he cannot be regarded as having taken much interest in the subject. War, however, has changed all this.

It has, in a way,

brough ambulance and Red Cross workers into the fore front, and we do think it is up to the public— or those who speak for them— to express their sincere appreciation of the ambulance workers on the “ Horfie Fron t” who, day and night, hold themselves in readiness to undertake what our new allies, in present day war-slang, would refer to as the “ samaritan stunt.”

That the ambulance worker seeks

no thanks is no reason why the public should be so reluctant to express any gratification they feel.

After all,

a word of thanks can only act as an incentive to further effort.

The ambulance workers themselves, however, seek no such thanks, as they seek no reward for their services.

dint of perseverance and zealous devotion to practise, in volving in many cases the sacrifice of well-earned leisure,

Home Hygiene Class for men and women starts on April 16th (Tuesday), at 8 30 ; held at Christ Church Schools, New End, Hampstead ; fee for course, 4s. Secre tary, W. B. Norwood, 5, Gayton-road, Hampstead.

- F I R S T

ii4 0<^4L^ j | ||| » 4 “

JJh« Qr»nd Jrio rg of the 0 r d « of the Jtospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE

Jh e S t.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

N o. i D is t r ic t . deputy

-----

C ommissioner : H.

DEPARTM ENT.

John .Ambulance Brigade.

W IN N Y . M ARCH,

1918.

S u n d a y D u t y , St. P a u l’s C a t h e d r a l. S u n d a y , 3 r d .— N o . 22 D iv is io n , H o s p it a l S a t u r d a y F u n d . „ 1 0 th .— N o . 2 3 „ N o rw o o d . „ 1 7 t h . - -N o . 28 „ H a rro w . ,, 2 4 th .— N o . 29 „ W a lt h a m s to w . F r o m 2 .3 0 p .m . to 5 .3 0 p .m . K e y fro m St. J o h n ’s G a te , 2 p.m . O P E N IN G OF P A R L IA M E N T . T h e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r d e s ir e s to e x p re s s h is a p p r e c ia t io n o f the p ro m p t w a y in w h ic h m e m b e rs re s p o n d e d to the c a ll fo r d u ty o n th e o c c a s io n o f th e O p e n in g o f P a r lia m e n t b y H i s M a je s t y the K in g , a n d a ls o fo r th e s m a rt a p p e a ra n c e o f the p e r so n n e l a n d e q u ip m e n t o f th o se m e m b e rs w h o d id d u ty on th a t d a y . A IR R A ID SH ELTERS. A p p lic a t io n s a re c o n s t a n t ly r e a c h in g th e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r fo r v o lu n t e e rs , b o th n u r s e s a n d m e n , to ta k e d u t y in the v a r io u s a ir r a id s h e lt e rs in L o n d o n . T h e s e c o m p r is e v a r io u s p r iv a t e a n d p u b lic b u iid in g s , C o u n t y C o u n c il S c h o o ls a n d T u b e S t a t io n s . T h e m o st p r e s s in g re q u e s t fo r th e m o m e n t is fo r v o lu n t e e r s in th e n e ig h b o u rh o o d s o f St. P a n c r a s , B la c k f r ia r s , a n d the C it y . O ffic e rs a n d m e m b e rs in c h a r g e o f D iv is io n s w h o h a v e m e m b e rs w h o c a n ta k e d u t y in th e se n e ig h b o u rh o o d s s h o u ld c o m m u n ic a te w ith th e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r a s e a r ly a s p o s s ib le . CLASSES

F IR S T

A ID

AND

HOM E

N U R S IN G .

A t t e n t io n is c a lle d to th e fa c t th a t c la s s e s in F ir s t A id a n d H o m e N u r s in g a re b e in g c o n t in u o u s ly h e ld at St. J o h n 's G a te . M e n a n d w o m e n d e s ir o u s o f j o in in g th e se c la s s e s s h o u ld c o m m u n ic a te w ith th e H o n . S e c r e t a r y o f A m b u la n c e C la s s e s , at St. J o h n ’s G a te , E . C . 1. R E C O G N IT IO N

S E R V IC E S .

T h e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r h a s m u c h p le a s u r e in m a k in g it k n o w n th a t M is s F lo r a S a n d e s , a m e m b e r o f the C ro y d o n N u r s in g D iv is io n , is r e p o rte d to h a v e r e n d e re d c o n s p ic u o u s s e r v ic e in th e S e r b ia n A r m y , a n d h a s b e e n g iv e n th e r a n k o f S e r g e a n t M a jo r in th a t a rm y . S h e h a s r e c e n t ly b e e n r e c e iv e d in p r iv a t e a u d ie n c e b y H e r M a je s t y Q u e e n A le x a n d r a . (S ig n e d )

W . H . W IN N Y ,

Deputv- Commissioner. H e a d q u a r t e r s :— S t. J o h n ’s G a te , C le r k e n w e ll, E .C . IM P O R T A N T

N O T IC E .

D iv is io n a l S e c r e ta r ie s a re re q u e s te d w h e n s e n d in g n e w s p a p e r c u tt in g o f t h e ir m e e tin g s, e tc., to g iv e th e d a te o f p u b li c a t io n o f th e n e w s p a p e rs .— E ditor . N o . 44 ( W e s t L ondon ) D ivision.— A b r ie f re p o rt o f th e p a s t y e a r ’s w o r k o f th e 44th W e s t L o n d o n D iv is io n o f the S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e B rig a d e . T h i s d iv is io n , w h ic h is c o m m a n d e d b y A c t in g S u p t. E . D a ls t o n , h a s r e g u la r ly s u p p lie d m e n fo r d u ty a t A c t o n C o tta g e H o s p it a l, C h e ls e a , F u lh a m a n d lo c a l fo o tb a ll g ro u n d s , H a m m e rs m ith P a la c e , S h e p h e r d ’s B u s h E m p ir e , H a m m e r s m it h E l e c t r i c P a la c e , a n d o th e r p la c e s in the d is t r ic t w h e re a s s is t a n c e is lik e ly to be r e q u ire d . 2 ,4 7 7 a tt e n d a n c e s fo r p u b lic d u tie s h a v e b e e n re c o rd e d ,

AID.

February, n i8

a n d 4 ,1 1 2 c a s e s h a v e r e c e iv e d tre a tm e n t fo rm m e m b e rs o f the d iv is io n w h ile o n o r o ff d u ty . A n a v e ra g e o f 20 m e m b e rs h a v e t u rn e d o u t fo r d u t y w ith the p o lic e o n e v e ry o c c a s io n o n w h ic h a n a ir r a id w a r n in g h a s b e en s e n t o ut, a n d th e y h a v e re n d e r e d v a lu a b le a s s is ta n c e o n s e v e ra l o c c a s io n s in d is t r ic t s w h e re b o m b s h a v e b e e n d ro p p e d . M e m b e r s h a v e b e e n s u p p lie d fo r s p e c ia l d u t y o n e v e ry o c c a s io n w h ic h h e a d q u a r t e rs h a v e s e n t o u t a c a ll d u r in g the p a st y e a r. T w o c la s s e s fo r m e n a n d tw o c la s s e s fo r w o m e n h a v e b e e n h e ld d u r in g th e p e rio d u n d e r re v ie w , a n d 92 p e r ce n t, o f the c a n d id a t e s s u c c e s s fu lly p a s s e d th e r e q u ir e d e x a m in a tio n . 68 m e m b e rs o f th e d iv is io n a re on a c tiv e s e r v ic e w ith H i s M a je s t y ’s F o r c e s , b u t the s tre n g th o f th e d iv is io n h a s b e e n w e ll m a in ta in e d b y r e c r u it in g n e w m e m b e rs. A ll n e w m e m b e rs p a ss e d t h e ir a n n u a l e x a m in a tio n , o ne q u a lif ie d fo r th e L o n g S e r v ic e M e d a l (1 5 y e a rs ), 9 q u a lif ie d fo r S e rv ic e S t a rs , 4 q u a lif ie d fo r p ro m o tio n , a n d a n a v e ra g e o f 24 a tte n d e d e a c h o f th e 55 d r ills w h ic h w e re h e ld . T h e d iv is io n h a s b u ilt, e q u ip p e d , a n d is n o w m a in t a in in g a firs t a id d r e s s in g s ta tio n in A c t o n V a le to re n d e r a s s is ta n c e in the m a n y c a s e s o f a c c id e n t w h ic h u n fo r t u n a te ly o c c u r. T h i s s ta tio n , w h ic h w a s o p e n e d b y th e R t . H o n . E v e ly n C e c il in J u n e la s t, is o p e n a n d sta ffe d b y m e m b e rs o f th e d iv is io n d a ily fro m 8 a.m u n t il 10 p .m ., S u n d a y s a n d h o lid a y s in c lu d e d , a n d a lr e a d y o v e r 500 c a s e s o f a c c id e n t o r s ic k n e s s h a v e re c e iv e d tre a tm e n t g ra tu it o u s ly . T h e s ta tio n is a ls o o p e n e d , a n d a s q u a d o f m e n a re in a tte n d a n c e , w h e n e v e r a n a ir r a id c a ll is r e c e iv e d d u r in g th e n ig h t a fte r c lo s in g tim e .

No. 3 District. Birmingham.— O n J a n u a r y 5 ih , 19 18, a s p e c ia l P a r a d e o f o ffic e rs a n d m e m b e rs o f th e B ir m in g h a m N u r s in g C o r p s w a s h e ld at th e G r o s v e n o r R o o m s , G ra n d H o t e l, th e o c c a s io n b e in g th e p r e s e n ta tio n o f a n A d d r e s s to L a d y C o r p s S u p t. M rs . H . C . P o rt e r , c o n g r a t u la t in g h e r u p o n h e r a p p o in t m e n t a s a L a d y o f G ra c e o f th e O r d e r o f S t. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . T h e A d d r e s s , w h ic h w a s b e a u tifu lly illu m in a te d , w as s ig n e d o n b e h a lf o f 8 7 5 m e m b e rs b y th e D iv is io n a l O ffic e rs o f th e C o r p s , a n d w a s a s fo llo w s : — A my F rances Porter , L ady of G race of of the O rder of St . John of Jerusalem in E ngland . W e , the O ffic e rs a n d M e m b e r s o f the B irm in g h a m N u r s in g C o rp s , St. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e , b e g to o ffer to y o u , o u r L a d y C o r p s S u p e rin te n d e n t , o u r h e a r ty c o n g ra tu la tio n s o n th e h o n o u r b e sto w e d u p o n y o u b y the S o v e r e ig n H e a d o f th e O rd e r. I n a ll th e w o rk w h ic h h a s b e e n a c c o m p lis h e d b y the B ir m in g h a m N u r s in g C o rp s , y o u h a v e b e e n o u r le a d e r a n d in s p ir a t io n . Y o u r u n t ir in g e n e rg y in p ro m o tin g o u r e ffic ie n c y in tim e o f p e a c e h a s b o rn e f ru it in o u r w id e -s p re a d o r g a n i s a tio n , a n d h a s a lo n e e n a b le d u s to “ c a r r y o n .” W e s h o u ld lik e to a s s u re y o u o f o u r u n s w e rv in g lo y a lt y in th e w o rk w e h a v e u n d e rta k e n , a n d in a n y w o rk w h ic h y o u m a y c a ll u p o n u s to d o in the fu tu re . I n the N o v e m b e r is s u e o f F irst A id, a p a r a g r a p h s p e a k s o f th e g o o d w o rk d o n e b y th e n u r s in g s is te r s in B irm in g h a m in c o n n e c tio n w ith d is t r ic t n u r s in g ; a n d in r e a d in g M is s T h e k la B o w s e r ’s b o o k “ T h e S t o r y o f B r it is h V . A . D . W o r k , ” s h e a ls o m e n tio n s t h is w o rk w ith th e a d d it io n , th a t s h e t h in k s th e y a re th e first to m a k e t h is n e w d e p a rt u re in n u r s in g la b o u rs . v P e rh a p s it w ill in te re s t re a d e rs to k n o w th a t t h is b r a n c h o f w o rk h a s b e e n c a r r ie d o n b y the n u r s in g s is te r s o f the S .J .A .B . a lm o s t s in c e the fo rm a tio n o f th e N u r s in g D iv is io n . C e r t a in ly w h e n th e N o rw o o d N u r s in g D iv is io n (N o . 5, P r in c e o f W a le s ’s C o r p s ) g o t to w o rk in th e e a r ly p a rt o f 1894, th is w a s a s p e c ia l fe a tu re o f th e d iv is io n , a n d th e co tta g e n u r s in g , h a s c o n tin u e d e v e r s in c e . A t th a t tim e (1 8 9 4 ) th e re w a s a t r a in in g h o m e a t W o r c e s t e r , k n o w n a s S t .J o h n ’s h o m e , w h e re m e m b e rs m ig h t g o fo r a s h o rt

February, 1918.

— F I R S T

course in district nursing ; so it is evident that nursing divi sions in other parts of this country also took up this branch of work. A t one time the S .J .A 'A . proposed issuing a “ Cottage Nursing” certificate for those who had independently nursed fifty cases in cottages, or dwellings of the poor, under the super vision and to the certified satisfaction of a registered medical practitioner, and then passing an examination showing that they had sound, practical knowledge of the subject. C a s e record books were published, but somehow the certificates did not mature. Kettering . — U p to d a te c o n s id e ra b ly o v e r a h u n d re d m e m b e rs o f the H e a d q u a r t e r s D iv is io n h a v e jo in e d th e F o r c e s a n d m a n y h a v e g a in e d d is t in c t io n , d u e , in n o t a few in s t a n c e s , to the c a r e fu l t r a in in g r e c e iv e d d u r in g t h e ir c o n n e c tio n w ith the d iv is io n . D u r in g the c lo s in g w e e k s o f 1 9 1 7 a la rg e first a id c la s s w as h e ld u n d e r th e d ir e c t io n o f S u p t. R a b y a n d In s t r u c t o r s (S ta ffS e rg t. C u r t is , S e rg t. G ro o m a n d C o r p l. D y s o n ), w ith C h ie f S u rg e o n L . W . D r y la n d a s le c tu re r, a n d the r e s u lt w a s a ll th a t co u ld be d e s ire d , a n d h a s s u b s t a n t ia lly in c re a s e d th e p e rs o n a l o f the d iv is io n . O n J a n u a r y 29th the a n n u a l c o m p e t it io n fo r th e “ R a b y ” c u p p r o v id e d a n in t e re s tin g ite m . C h ie f S u rg e o n D r y la n d a rra n g e d a “ w a r ” ca se , a s s is te d b y S ta ff-S e rg t. C u r t is , a n d s ix s q u a d s co m p e te d . T h e s q u a d a w a rd e d th e c u p — P te s. H e w itt, W . H a n k in s , L . B a g le y , H o u g h t o n a n d G . T u r n e r — w e re p o p u la r w in n e rs , a n d g a v e a n e x c e lle n t e x h ib it io n o f w e ll th o u g h t-o u t m e th o d s. T h e N . C . O .’s d id n o t jo in in th e co n te st. T h e d iv is io n h a s le a r n e d w ith re g re t th a t S e r g t - M a jo r P . S c a r r , R . A . M . C . , is r e p o rte d m is s in g , b u t h o p e is e x p re s s e d that th is p r o m is in g o ffic e r h a s n o t g o n e u n d e r ; a lw a y s an e n t h u s ia s t ic w o r k e r h is re tu rn to the d iv is io n h a s b e e n lo o k e d fo rw a rd e d to. T h e m e n at h o m e a re d o in g a lo t o f u s e fu l w o rk . S e c r e ta ry S e rg t. C la y p o le is d o in g g o o d w o rk at th e lo c a l V . A . D . h o s p ita l, a n d s p e c ia l m e n tio n m u s t be m a d e o f the s ta lw a r t s w ho, n u m b e r in g u n d e r a d o ze n , h a v e in fu s e d the n e w b lo o d w ith the n e c e s s a r y g r it a n d e ffic ie n c y to k e e p th e fla g fly in g .

AID.

” 5

1 9 1 7 , h a v in g p r e v io u s ly fille d th e p o s it io n o f C h ie f L a d y S u p t. o f th e In s p e c t io n D e p a r t m e n t . T h i s in v o lv e d th e d u t y o f e n g a g in g a ll w o m e n r e q u ir e d as E x a m in e r s , a s w e ll a s th a t o f r e v is in g a n d c o n t r o llin g t h e ir c o n d it io n o f u n ifo rm , fo o d a n d s e r v ic e . A t p re s e n t M r s . D e a s e ’s r e s p o n s ib ilit ie s a ffe c t th e in t e re s ts o f b e tw e e n 50,0 00 a n d 60 ,0 0 0 w o m e n s c a tt e re d t h ro u g h o u t the U n it e d K in g d o m . D r . E l l a W e b b , L a d y o f G r a c e o f the O r d e r o f St. J o h n , h a s b e e n a p p o in t e d M e m b e r o f th e B r it is h E m p ir e . D r . W e b b jo in e d the B r ig a d e a s L a d y D iv is io n a l S u r g e o n to th e C it y o f D u b lin N u r s in g D iv is io n in N o v e m b e r, 19 12 , a n d w a s p ro m o te d L a d y D is t r ic t S u p e rin te n d e n t in O c to b e r, 1914, is m e m b e r o f th e J o in t V . A . D . C o m m itte e fo r Ir e la n d , a n d C h a ir m a n o f th e J o in t W o m e n ’s V . A . D . S e le c t io n B o a r d . F o r m a n y y e a r s D r . W e b b h a s g iv e n a g re a t d e a l o f h e r tim e a n d th o u g h t to s o c ia l p r o b le m s in D u b lin . S h e h a s a fre e

No. 12 ( I r is h ) D is t r ic t . W e m u c h r e g r e t to h a v e to r e c o rd the d e a th o f M r s . M i d d le to n C u r t is , L a d y C o r p s T r e a s u r e r o f th e C it y o f D u b lin C o r p s , a fte r a s h o rt illn e s s . M r s . M id d le t o n C u r t is jo in e d th e B r ig a d e , 1909, p ro m o te d L a d y D iv is io n S u p e r in t e n d e n t J a n u a r y , 1910, a n d L a d y C o r p s T r e a s u r e r o f th e C it y o f D u b lin C o r p s . O c to b e r, 1914. M rs . M id d le to n C u r t is w a s o n e o f the first la d ie s in Ir e la n d to take a n in te re s t in th e B r ig a d e , a n d w o rk e d in th e e a r ly d a y s w ith D r . L u m s d e n to p u t th e o r g a n is a t io n o n a s o u n d b a s is , a n d w h ile in c h a r g e o f th e C it y o f D u b lin N u r s in g D iv is io n a tte n d th e m a s a m b u la n c e w o rk e rs at v a r io u s p u b lic fu n c tio n s , a n d w a s p re s e n te d w ith th e K in g ’s M e d a l fo r s e rv ic e d u r in g h is firs t v is it to D u b lin . O n th e o u t b r e a k o f w a r, M rs . C u r t is e s ta b lis h e d a n d o r g a n is e d T e m p le H i l l H o u s e , B la c k r o c k , as C o n v a le s c e n t H o m e fo r w o u n d e d s o ld ie rs , a n d a c te d a s C o m m a n d a n t th e re fo r s ix m o nth . U p to to th e tim e o f h e r d e a th , M rs . C u r t is w a s in d e fa t ig a b le in a ll w o rk c o n n e c te d w ith the B r ig a d e , a n d h a s b e e n a co n sta n t w o r k e r in th e B la c k r o c k W a r H o s p it a l S u p p ly D e p o t. O n the 6th J a n u a r y sh e w a s in c h a r g e o f the p a ra d e at D a lk e y C h u r c h , a n d o n e o f h e r la s t a c ts w a s to p re se n t th e C it y o f D u b lin C o r p s w ith a s h ie ld fo r the b e st k e p t r e tu r n s a m o n g s t the N u r s in g D iv is io n s . M r s . E d m u n d D e a s e h a d th e h o n o u r o f a p p e a rin g in th e first lis t o f d e c o ra t io n s a s a n O ffic e r o f th e O r d e r o f the B r it is h E m p ir e . M r s . D e a s e , w h e n re s id e n t in S o u th T ip p e r a r y , jo in e d th e B r ig a d e in N o v e m b e r, 1914, a n d a s L a d y S u p t. o f the N e n a g h N u r s in g D iv is io n d is p la y e d g re a t p o w e rs o f o r g a n i sa tio n , a r r a n g in g w o rk p a rtie s , d e v is in g p r a c t ic a l s c h e m e s, a n d c o n s t a n t ly in s p ir in g th e m e m b e rs w ith ze al a n d e n th u ia s m . M r s . D e a s e at p re s e n t o c c u p ie s the v e r y im p o rt a n t p o s i tio n o f C h ie f L a d y S u p t. o f th e C e n t r a l S to re D e p a r t m e n t o f M in is t r y o f M u n it io n s , to w h ic h s h e w a s a p p o in t e d in M a y ,

T h e

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M r s. M id d le to n

C u r t is.

d is p e n s a r y n e a r St. P a t r ic k ’s w h e re sh e p r e s c r ib e s tw ic e a w e e k fo r p o o r c h ild r e n b ro u g h t to h e r, th u s s a v in g m a n y in fa n t liv e s , a n d h e r w o rk in c o n n e c tio n w ith B a b y C lu b s is w e ll-k n o w n . W h ile n o t p e r m it t in g B r ig a d e w o rk in a n y w a y to in t e rfe re w ith h e r o th e r in te re s ts , it w o u ld be im p o s s ib le to p a y f u ll t rib u t e to h e r fo r a ll sh e h a s d o n e to p u t th e B r ig a d e in Ir e la n d o n a s u re fo u n d a tio n . M is s B e r t ie B r u c e , a p p o in t e d M e m b e r o f th e O r d e r o f the B r it is h E m p ir e , jo in e d th e B r ig a d e in J a n u a r y , 19 15, a n d in it ia t e d a n d e s t a b lis h e d th e B o r r is o k a n e N u r s in g D iv is io n , o f w h ic h sh e b e c a m e L a d y S u p e rin te n d e n t . I n O c to b e r, 19 15, M is s B r u c e , a fte r h a v in g u n d e rg o n e a c o u rs e o f t r a in in g in th e m a k in g o f W a r H o s p it a l s u p p lie s at C u r r a g h m o r e , u n d e r th e s u p e r v is io n o f th e M a r c h io n e s s o f W a t e r f o r d , w a s a p p o in t e d H e a d In s t r u c t r e s s o f th e I r i s h W a r H o s p it a l S u p p ly ( C e n t r a l) D e p o t, 40, M e r r io n - s q u a r e , D u b lin , fro m w h e n c e s h e s ta rte d a n d o rg a n is e d m a n y s u b -d e p o t s in d iffe re n t p a rts o f Ir e la n d . In th e s u m m e r o f 1916, M is s B r u c e w a s a p p o in t e d W e lfa r e S u p e r in te n d e n t at B ir m in g h a m u n d e r the M in is t r y o f M u n it io n s a n d , w ith th re e a s s is ta n ts , in s p e c t s o v e r a h u n d r e d fa c to rie s , a n d lo o k s a fte r the in t e re s ts o f t h o u s a n d s o f w o m e n m u n itio n w o rk e rs . M is s B r u c e ’s in flu e n c e w ith th e m is e x t r a o r d in a r y , m a n y s t r ik e s a n d e m p lo y m e n t t ro u b le s , w h ic h h a v e fro m tim e to tim e a ris e n , h a v in g b e e n s e ttle d th ro u g h h e r in flu e n c e .

W h e n corresp on d in g w i t h A d v e r t i s e r s please m en , tion “ F i r s t A i d .”

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THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Service of Thanksgiving for the Re capture of Jerusalem from the hands of the Turks. Sermon Preached by t h e A R C H B I S H O P of Y O R K (.Prelate o f the Order). “ I f I forget thee, O Jerusalem , let my right hand forget her cunning.” P s a l m C X X X V I I . , V e r s e 10. O f all the happenings in this world wide war, Its battles, its revolutions, the ebb and flow of its mighty armies, many have had greater military and political importance, none have more deeply stirred the imagination of men than the capture of Jerusalem ; for no city in the world has been the centre of memories so hallowed, of longing so intense, of a devotion so deep, so universal and so prolonged. If we may speak of Athens as the city of the world’s intellect, of London as the city of its commerce, of Florence as the city of its art, we may speak of Jerusalem as the city of its soul. For long centuries before the Christian era it had been regarded and venerated as the chosen City of Him whom the Hebrews gradually came to worship as the God of all the earth. When it was desolated and laid low the Hebrew people turned to it with a love and longing which still moves the spirit of men in their imperishable Psalms. Still that wonderful people, preserved through trials and persecution so marvellously that it still seems marked for some high mysterious destiny, veneratee Jerusalem as the city of its dreams, its prayers and its hope. T o the Chris tian it is the home of even holier and more hallowed memories, for its streets felt the footprint, its courts and gardens heard the voice of the highest and the holiest of the sons of men, of Him in whom God walked this earth and spoke to men as a friend. His longing love for Jeru salem was uttered in words of unforgettable pathos. There He suffered, died, was buried and rose again. There His Spirit flowed into the hearts of men. When the Holy Places fell into the hands of the infidel, the chivalry of Europe sacrificed itself in a passionate desire to rescue. Thither for long centuries hundreds of pilgrims have wended their way from every region of the earth. Still in every part of Christendom where men assemble to celebrate the most sacred rite of their religion a memorial is offered which takes their spirit back to the upper room of Jerusalem. Truly every man and woman in whom the soul is living must needs say, “ If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning.” We of all others who belong to this Order have our own very special association with the Holy City. We bear its name. Its history and ours are inseparably bound * H e ld by the G ran d P rio ry o f the O rder of the H o sp ita l o f St. Jo h n o f Jerusalem in E n g la n d at St. John P rio ry C h urch , C le rken w e ll, on F rid a y , Ja n u a ry n t h 1918.

together. Nine hundred and seventeen years have passed since the Merchants of Amalfi set up within its gates a Hospital for pilgrims, dedicated to St. John Eleemon, which soon became the noble Hospital dedicated to St. John the Baptist and the central home of the widespread Order of the Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem, with their Knights, their Chaplains and their Serving Brothers. Driven forth by the conquering Saladin 730 years ago, the Order set the rescue of the City before their face as the supreme object of their care, From this place where we are assembled our fathers sent forth their arms, their prayer and their knights to aid the great adventure of the Crusader. It was an adventure stained indeed by ferocity and feuds, typical of a wild and passionate time, but yet it was ennobled by devotion to a high ideal : it gave to the Middle Ages the great tradition of chivalry, the central fire of arms, of literature and art. Even now this restored English Branch of the Order has given proof of its faith fulness to the old ideals and traditions, in the Hospital of St. John, which looks across the Valley of Hinnom to the tomb of St. David, and beyond it to the Citadel of Zion and the holy places of the Lord. For all these centuries, through manifold vicissitudes, this Order has been mindful of its origin, and its heart has kept repeating the refrain, ‘ If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning.” We therefore of all others must needs have been thrilled by the news that a British Army had entered and taken possession of Jerusalem. Most fitting is it that we should assemble to give thanks to Almighty God for this fulfilment of an age-long hope and desire. It was indeed with no pomp and pageantry of the Middle Ages that the British General on December n t h entered the Jaffa Gate and proclaimed on Mount Zion that the long struggle of the Crusades had at last been achieved. The City was won, not by hosts of knights with waving pennants and shining armour, but by plain citizens in arms, our brothers taken from the fields and the factories of England and the plains and cities of the British Dominions beyond the seas. Their memories of the Holy Places may have been faint and few, recalling distant days in our English schools, but, however unconsciously, they, too, like the Crusaders, were giving proof of their loyalty to a high ideal. We may dare to believe that it was an ideal not unworthy of Him who, when He stood in the City of Jerusalem, confronting the representatives of the world-power of His human day, set before Him the claims of a higher and nobler kingdom of moral and spiritual truth. How long we may be in posses sion of the Holy City— what the future political settlement of Palestine may be— these things are uncertain. What is certain is that a new era in the history of the most sacred City of the world dawned on that day when it was placed within the care of a great Christian nation. But Jerusalem is not only the centre of hallowed memories; it is the symbol and the type of that spiritual City of God, that divine order which never comes and yet is ever coming; the City laid up in the heavens, whose Maker and whose Builder is God. Even when the earthly

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Jerusalem had been burned and wasted by the legions of Rome the seer of Patmos saw the Heavenly City, the Holy Jerusalem, descending out of Heaven from God, hav ing the glory of God. T o that vision I would you bid lift your hearts and eyes this day. T o him it was a vision of the Church of Christ, adorned as a bride for her husband. Since then, to countless generations of Christians it has been a vision of that City of peace in which the long travail of the human spirit finds its rest and its reward ; a vision which has sustained the hope of the human race. It has given mankind courage to endure the seeming futility of its highest ideals and the pathos of its doom of death. Jerusalem, my happy home, Name ever dear to me. When shall my labours have an end, Thy joys when shall I see ? When shall my eyes thy heaven-built walls And pearly gates behold, Thy bulwarks with salvation strong And streets of shining gold ? In this longing for rest, in this invincible fath that there is some higher destiny for human life than can here be ful filled, man has in every age repeated to himself, “ If I for get thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning.” Yet to us of this twentieth century the vision brings an even nobler meaning. It speaks to us not only of the promise of a peace hereafter, but of the ideal and goal of resolute and high-hearted effort here and now. We are to see the heavenly city, the holy Jerusalem, not so much awaiting us hereafter as here and now, descending out of heaven from God, calling us to bring its light and order into the human life and society in which we have to fulfil our service. The whole of human history may indeed be rightly regarded as one long struggle between Babylon, the power of material Might, and Jerusalem, the ideal of moral Right. Is it presumption that we should see in this pre sent conflict a stage in that age-long struggle ? May we not dare to believe that we are meeting the challenge of a great power, swollen with the ambition to achieve world dominion by material force, with the ideal of a higher kingdom of truth and justice and mercy and freedom and peace? If it be so, we have indeed to stay our souls, in the midst of increasing strain, on the height and strength of our spiritual ideal. There are still harder sacrifices which we must meet, still more bitter trials which we must endure— let us meet them with the refrain of courage rising in our hearts, “ If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning.” In the days to come may we be mindful of this heavenly vision. This generation will be called to the task of rebuilding a civilisation which has been shattered by the convulsions of war. The question which the conscience of the men and women of this generation will have to meet is the question whether in our rebuilding we are to follow material or spiritual ideals, whether Babylon or Jerusalem is to prevail. The call to restore and build the earthly Jerusalem stirred the hearts of the Hebrew exiles and sum moned Christendom to the great adventure of the Middle A g e s ; in the twentieth century the call to restore and re build on earth the heavenly Jerusalem, the city of spiritual ideals, in our land and Empire and in the wider common wealth of nations must arouse within us a like spirit of chivalrous adventure. Let us in these coming days have the courage of a high ideal which will rebuke cynicism and faintheartedness. Well would it be if with our thanksgiv

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ing of this day there were to arise the offering of a great desire and a fixed resolve. Bring me Bring Bring me Bring

my me my me

bow of burnished gold, my arrows of desire ! spear. O clouds, unfold, my chariot of fire !

I will not cease from mental strife, Nor shall the sword sleep in my hand Till we have built Jerusalem In England’s green and pleasant land. In the coming struggle between materialism on the one hand and spiritual ideals upon the other, between the pur suit of private advantage, comfort and ease and the pursuit of a truer polity based upon fellowship for the common good, there is no doubt as to the place which the members of this Order, if they are faithful to their high traditions, must take. It is for them to give witness resolutely and undauntedly to the spiritual, the ideal ; to say ceaselessly amid the clamour of rival policies, “ If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning.” It is not only the trust of the Holy Places in Jerusalem that has been committed to this nation, but the higher and nobler trust of the faith and ideals of which these are but the earthly symbols. So may the capture of Jerusalem be the parable and the promise of the capture of all the energies of our social and national life for the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ.

First Aid in the Field. B y C O L O N E L R. J. B L A C K H A M , C.I,E., D.S.O., Member of the Order of Mercy; Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John, and Assistant Commissioner, St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas.

( Concluded from page 104.) T he life of the first aid man now centres round this aid post. They carry back to it their wounded and hand them over to the R.A .M .C. bearers, and apply to the “ Sick ” Corporal for fresh supplies of dressings and the like. Occasionally the placid course of trench life is inter rupted by Raids— i.e., a decision is taken to raid a portion of the enemy’s trenches opposite to our own, with a party of 10 to 100 men, or even more. Such departures from the normal mean a goodly temporary increase of wounded, and the Regimental Medical Officer usually asks for, and obtains, a special party of bearers. Very often a special Advanced Aid Post is got ready for the raid, and the medical officer moves forward to it. The R .A .M .C. bearers, of course, also move forward to this advanced post and clear it to the advanced dressing station. Less frequently than raids come the battles which have been a feature of work on the Western front of late years. These are the occasions when the whole medical service has a very anxious time. War is an uncertain thing, and much provision is necessary to be prepared for the various eventualities of a great battle. One has to remember that, in a modern attack, there is generally a rush of casualties at the beginning, or, at any rate, occurring in a short space of time, and if there are

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not plenty of stretcher bearers (and stretchers) available, cases will be lying about on the field for hours, or even days before being removed to the rear, an occurrence which has a bad effect on the morale of the men, and is contrary to all dictates of humanity, and prospects of re covery for the patients concerned. As noted above, each battalion has at least 32 stretcher bearers, and we will now show how these are disposed in battle formation. There seems to be two fairly obvious ways in which they can be distributed, viz. :— (1) equally amongst the four companies, or (2) a certain proportion of the regimental aid post for subsequent disposal by the regimental medical officer (say 2, 3 or 4 squads = 8, 12 or 16 men), accord ing to circumstances, and the remainder detached with their companies. The corporal in charge of stretcher bearers remains with the regimental medical officer. T he decision as to which method one will adopt must necessarily be influenced by the nature of the operations to be undertaken, and here I might remark that it is essential for the regimental medical officer to make himself thor oughly familiar beforehand with all the essential details of the attack, so that he may make arrangements most suitable for the occasion. On him lies the responsibility, not only of attending to the wounded of his battalion, but of satisfying himself, so far as it is possible for him to do so, that all wounded are brought in ; a far more important responsibility than that of merely attending to the wounded. It is impossible to lay too much stress on the neces sity for training the stretcher bearers thoroughly in first a i d ; if this has been done satisfactorily, there will be less necessity for the regimental medical officer to re-dress the cases himself, and many of them can remain as they are until the patient reaches the field ambulance, provided that haemorrhage is arrested and broken limbs are adequately in splints. Time will thus be saved, and the regimental medical officer will be able to devote himself to, firstly, getting touch with his battalion headquarters, which we will assume will, in most cases, have moved forward consider ably, following the course of the attack, and will now be established in a new position. He will there in all likeli hood gain information as to where most of the casualties have occurred, and will be able to organise and lead in person, if he thinks necessary, his reserve stretcher bearers to any point where help is most urgently required, or if the casualties should be exceptionally severe, he can request additional assistance from brigade headquarters or, failing them, from the field ambulance ; and secondly, he will also be able to reconnoitre the ground with a view to selection of a site for a new and more advanced aid post. As soon as he has established this, he should inform his battalion headquarters of his new position, and ask them to communicate the position by wire or runner to the several company commanders for the information of the stretcher bearers, he must also inform the field ambulance commander of his change of position, in order that R.A.M.C. bearers can be sent up to him. There is still one more “ activity ” which he can apply himself, and that is the sending out of bearers to search the ground over which the attack has passed, to see if there are any cases lying out which have been missed by the stretcher bearers, and to bring them in. The role of the field ambulance personnel rendering first aid is no less arduous than that of their regimental comrades. They take over the wounded at the regimental aid posts and carry or wheel them back to the advanced

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dressing station, where usually motor ambulance transport is available. The first aid rendered in the advanced dressing station is of the utmost value as it enables the wounded man to stand the journey back to the casualty clearing station. But of the long and tedious journey of the bearers to the advanced dressing station, how shall I speak ? It is difficult to imagine more arduous labour than the carrying of stretchers along a muddy track, winding amongst shell holes or along slippery duck-boards. Add to the insecure foothold the constant screech of shells and the frequent hail of shrapnel bullets and pieces of high ex plosive shell. Infantry walking along a shelled track can dodge hurriedly into shell holes out of danger, but the R .A M.C. bearers must keep stolidly on. There is no escape for them if the Bosche gunner ranges successfully on the track. Moreover, the R.A .M .C. have none of the joy and lust of battle; no power of hitting back. They must just “ carry on ” with the satisfaction of duty well done. Their regimental comrades are the first to give them credit for their work, and it will generally be ' found that the group of field ambulances of a division get as much or more, recognition for their work than any group of similar strength in the division. No one who has seen their work on the blood-stained battlefields of Flanders during the present war, grudges the R.A.M.C. its proudly humble motto of “ In Arduis Fidelis.”

General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to County Directors. I send you the following for your information:— With reference to our recent appeal in the Press, and the needs of our Auxiliary and Military Hospitals, we find that if advertisements are inserted by the County Directors in their local press, for the special branches of work for which we are in urgent need of recruits, the response is very much better than that which we obtain from a general appeal. We recently obtained a large supply of cooks in this way. I therefore suggest that County Directors should advertise, under “ Situations Vacant ” in their chief local paper, for the following: Cooks, Ward Maids, Ward Orderlies, Assistant Cooks, Housemaids, Scullery Maids, typists, all of whom we urgently need. All General Service members who go for Foreign Service will, in the future, wear kahki shoulder straps on their outdoor uniform and brown overalls over their in door uniform. These may be obtained from Messrs. Hobson. Will County Directors please impress upon their Com mandants that every V.A.D. member must be in possession of a copy of J.V.A.D. 24 duly signed by her Commandant and County Director. All other uniform permits are now entirely obsolete, and the Police have authority to accept no form but J.V.A.D. 24. All shops and tailors have been instructed to refuse to supply the registered official uniform unless this Form is produced. It is very hard on those members who come up to London for service abroad and desire to obtain their uniform without delay if their Commandant has never provided them with the only official permit which enables them to ob tain it. This ruling does not refer to the St. John Ambulance

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Brigade, Nursing or Ambulance Divisions, for which there is an official Uniform Certificate. County Directors are advised to remind their Com mandants that V.A.D. members must not leave their county for work elsewhere without the written permission of their Commandant and County Director, and that on no account may they take their County Brassard out of the County to which it belongs. We recently had a complaint from the Military Authorities that a V.A.D. member was using a very old County Brassard to obtain travelling facilities in France Aliens. The War Office requires to be supplied with the Christian names of the Father and Mother and the maiden name of the Mother, in the case of all alien appli cants for Auxiliary War Work. Yours faithfully,

C hilston, Chief County Director.

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order , St. fohn's Gate , Clerkenwell , London , E . C ., January 2g'h. ig i8 . T h e K in g h a s be en g r a c io u s ly p le a s e d to s a n c t io n the fo llo w in g p ro m o tio n s in , a n d a p p o in tm e n ts to, the O r d e r o f the H o s p it a l o f St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d :—

A s Lady o f Justice (from Lady o f Grace): M a r y , M r s . A n t h o n y H ic k m a n M o rg a n .

A s K nights of Grace : C o l.

S ir T h o m a s C r is p E n g lis h , K . C . M . G . , F .R .C .S . C o l. S ir J a m e s P u rv e s S te w ;, t, K . C . M . G ., F .R .C .P . T h e H o n . H u b e r t G e o rg e B e a u m o n t. W illia m B a r c la y S q u ir e (fro m E s q u ir e ).

M . B . B .S ., C .B , M .D .,

A s Ladies o f G race: J e s s ie M a t ild a , M r s . W . H . S e fto n M o o rh o u se . F r a n c e s E m ily , C o u n t e s s o f C a s s illis . A n n ie A lle n , T h e H o n . L a d y L a w le y , G .B .E . H a r r ie t A m e lia , M is s A ls o p . T h e L a d y A m p t h ill, G . B . E . , C . I . E t h e l, M is s D e a n e .

A s E squire : H a r r y K n ig h t S te p h e n s.

A s Honorary Serving B rother : L ie u t . H e n r i D e w a v r in .

A s Honorary Serving Sister : E liz a M a r y , M r s . B a lc o m b e B ro w n e .

F o r Enrolm ent as Honorary Associates: L ie u t .- C o l. W ilf r id S e r v in g t o n D in n ic k . W illia m H u g h W a r d r o p e . C o l. H e r b e r t L in d s a y F it z P a t r ic k . C a p t a in A lf r e d H e n r y A r n o ld . C a p t a in A lb e r t E d m u n d C h a r le s B u rd e n . C a p t a in E d w a r d S la to r. B r ig a d ie r - G e n e r a l E v a n E y a r e C a r t e r , C .B ., C .M .G . , M .V .O .

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The Genesis of the Indian Branch of the S.J.A.A. By

L ie u t .- C o l.

A. C . Y A T E , F.R.G.S., F.R.Hist.Soc.

( Continued from page 101.) A t the time of, or just after, the meeting under Sir John Woodburn on March 18th, 1901, the Pioneer ventured on the prediction “ It is evident that the work of the St. John Ambulance Association has come to stay.” Nine years elapsed before I felt confident of endorsing that forecast, but I accepted the omen and went on my way encouraged. Madras, Baroda and Quetta were the scents of my next three efforts. Lord Ampthill, the Gaikwar of Baroda, and my brother Colonel E. C. Yate (now M.P. for Melton Mow bray) severally took the lead in those places. Colonel Harvey Kelly in Madras and Dr. Dhanjibhai Mehta in Baroda worked admirably, but in Quetta difficulty arose. Still it is to Dr. A Jukes of the C.M.S. in Quetta that I was indebted for the first translation into Hindustani of Shep herd’s First Aid Manual. That was published in Bombay in 1902. Marathi, Gujarati, Burmese, Hindi and Pashtu translations of various ambulance manuals were ready or in preparation before I left India in 1905. When I reached Quetta from Baroda, early in April, 1901, after having travelled from 7,000 to 8,000 miles by rail, the doctors at once sent me before a medical board. I had come to the end of my tether. The Indian Office Medical Board in January, 1901, finding no specific disease, had ordered me to return to duty. We may readily pardon them their error. They were the unwitting instruments in the creation of a work which has done much for the armies of the Empire and to help their profession during the great war. On the recommendation of the medical board at Quetta, I went to Bombay en route for England. The Commissioner of Bombay, to whom H. E. Lord Northcote, being away at the hill-station of Mahabaleshwar, had sent a message of goodwill and approval, convened a public meeting, which I attended, in the Municipal Buildings for the purpose of inaugurating the Bombay Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association. From 1901 to 1909 it was the most important centre in India. This was due, firstly, to the hon. secretary, Mr. George Lund, a host in himself, a Municipal Councillor, a Volunteer Officer and indefatigable philanthropist, and, secondly, to the establishment there of the Indian Branch Store Depot. When the Duke of Connaught spoke on ambulance at Bombay in February, 1903, he paid a just tribute to the good work of the Bombay Centre. My ill-health necessitated eight months’ absence from India. I kept in touch during that time with the five centres— Calcutta, Madras, Baroda, Quetta and Bombay— which had been started. I took over command of the 129th Baluchis in February, 1902, I found my regiment, of all places in the world for a man who had to communicate with all parts of India, at Chaman, on the very border of Afghanistan. However, correspondence went on, and the work grew and prospered. Not that it was all plain sailing. Far from it. The spadework of ambulance was as other spadework, and the soil it tilled was as the soil of St. Matthew’s parable; and of the seed sown some fell on

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stony places and withered away ; some fell among thorns and the thorns choked them, and some fell into good ground and brought forth fruit, some an hundredfold, some sixtyfold, some thirtyfold. Railways especially did well, so much so that I felt justified in inviting St. John’s Gate to grant a Challenge Shield for competition among the rail ways of India. The proposal was favourably received, and on May 1 2th, 1903, the Chief Secretary of the Ambulance Depart ment wrote me th u s:— “ I have the pleasure to inform you that H .R .H . the Prince of Wales and the Chapter have sanctioned the pro-/ posal that a Silver Challenge Shield should be offered for competition among the railway companies of India, in the same manner as that presented by the Order of the English railway companies. The Chapter has also sanctioned the proposal, of which I gave you a private notice, that prizes of the value of twenty guineas per annum should be pre sented to the individual members on winning teams on the same lines as is done at home.” Hhe first competition for this shield was held at Jabal pur on M irch 15th and 16th, 1904. I remember, with a gratitude that is still lively, the way in which I was helped on that occasion by the officers of the R .A .M .C. and I.M.S. at Jabalpur, and by the railway companies. Placed as I was in Karachi in command of my regiment, called upon to frame rules and devise plans for a brand-new competition at a place distant a thousand miles or more, granted the barest leave by my general to get to Jabalpur to superintend the competition and return, I need scarcely say that help was invaluable. Therefore I remem ber and record it. The team of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway won the Shield, and the Chief Commissioner of the Central Provinces, Mr. (now Sir) John Prescott Hewett kindly presided when the result of the competition was notified. Sir John Hewett now appropriately presides over the Indian Soldiers Fund Committee, which sits at 1, Carlton House-terrace, the town residence of the Viceroy, who guided my tentative essays in the early days of the Indian Branch. Ex-Viceroy and Ex-Chief Commissioner are privileged to see in time of war the adult stage of the enterprise, the infancy of which they fostered in days of peace. The success of the Railway Shield in 1904 em boldened me to ask for a similar shield for the Volunteers of India. It was granted, and in 1905 both were competed for. I have always regretted that an admirable design for an Indian Ambulance Shield prepared by Mr. Sher Mahommed, Headmaster of the Mayo School of Art, was never utilised. It reached me too late, Messrs. Elkington having already secured the commission with a banal design of distinctly inferior merit. The Railway Shield of 1904 was finally presented to the G.I.P. Railway Team at Ganeshkind, the Poona residence of the Governors of Bombay, on June 18th, 1904, by Lord Lamington, Governor of Bombay, in the presence of Lady Lamington, General Sir Archibald Hunter, commanding the Bombay Forces, SurgeonGenerals McConaghey and Gubbins, and others.

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February, 1918.

News.

Complaints have recently been received that badges are issued to people who are not entitled to wear them owing to ignorance of the regulations on the subject. It is particularly requested that the following rules should be strictly complied with :— The regulation badges, buttons and titles of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and Voluntary Aid Detachments can only be supplied as follows :— T o officers, on production of an authority signed by the Deputy-Commissioner of the District. T o Corps or Divisions, on the written order of the officer or other member in charge. T o individual members, on production of an authority, signed by the officer or other member in charge of her Division. T o firms supplying uniforms, on production of an authority, signed by the officer or other member in charge of the unit for which the uniforms are being made. In every instance the authority must be written on official stationery, and the name of the member, a list of the articles to be supplied and the registered number of each given. Unless the purchaser has an account with the Asso ciation, a remittance covering the valve of the order must accompany it. T o a Detachment, on the authority of the Com mandant. T o an individual member, on the production of an authority from her Commandant, or her uniform certificate.

Examinations for Demonstrator’s Certificates will take place as follows:— London, at St. John’s Gate, 2nd M a r c h ; Birmingham, 2nd M a r c h ; Cardiff, 4th March; Belfast, 1st March; Dublin, 1st March; Man chester (if sufficient candidates are forthcoming), 1st March. * * * Notice has been received of the following new classes :

F ir s t Aid. For Men and Women. Lecturer, Samuel Osborn, Esq., F.R.C.S., Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John. Commencing 18th February, 6 p.m., and following Mondays. Hon. Sec. Mr. Pearce, St. John’s Gate, E C. Fee 5s., in cluding book and bandage. For Women. Commencing February 19th at 3 p.m., and following Tuesdays, at 41, Tothill-street, Westminster. Hon. Sec. Miss Baddeley, 87, Cadogan-gardens, S.W. Fee 1 2s. 6d. Also evening couise for maids, fee 4s. inclusive.

Home Nursing.

{To be continued.)

For Men and Women (separate lectures as arranged). Lecturer, N. Corbet Fletcher, Esq., M.B., M.R.C.S. Com mencing 13th February, 6 p.m., and following Wednesdays, at St. John’s Gate. Hon. Sec. Mr. Pearce (as above). Fee 4s.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ F irst Aid ’’

Eustace Miles Restaurant, Chandos-street, Strand. Commencing February 14th, at 6.30 p.m., and following Thursdays. Lecturer, J. M. Carvell, Esq., M.R.C.S. Hon. Sec. Miss Baddeley (as above). Fee 4s.

February, 1918.

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

41, Tothill-street, Westminster. Commencing Friday, February 15th at n a.m., and following Fridays. Hon. Sec. Miss Baddeley (as above). Fee 12s. 6d.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

The following addresses may be found useful to our readers :— T h e H e a d q u a r t e r s o f the J o in t W a r C o m m itte , 8 3 , P a ll M a ll. A m o n g d e p a rt m e n ts w h ic h a re a c c o m m o d a t e d at t h is a d d re s s a re th o se o f th e

Selected Special Service V.A.. Members commended for Hospital Service in the Times of 2nd February, 1918.

C e n t r a l J o in t V . A . D . C o m m itte e , S t o re s a n d T r a n s p o r t , T r a in e d N u r s e s , T r a v e llin g a n d P a s s p o rt s .

Bathurst, Countess (Lilian Margaret Frances) Gloucestershire 84 G ilb e rt s o n , S y lv ia , G la m o r g a n 66. G ilb e rt s o n , P h llis , G la m o r g a n 69. G re a v e s , M r s . G o n s ta n c e M a r y , L o n d o n 232. N o e l, C h a rlo tt e I d a F r e d e r ic a , N o r f o lk 88. T ilia r d , E d it h , H u n t s 10. T u r n e r , C a t h e r in e M a r y , H e r t s , 42.

** * Extract from the Times , dated the 2nd February, 1918. The names of the following ladies have been brought to the notice of the Secretary of State for valuable services rendered in connection with the establishment, maintenance and administration of hospitals.

G A ZE TT E. —

T h e C e n t r a l P r is o n e r s o f W a r C o m m itte e , 4, T h u r lo e P la c e , S .W . 7. T h e C e n t ra l W o r k r o o m s , R o y a l A c a d e m y , B u r lin g t o n H o u s e , P ic c a d illy . M e d ic a l S to re s , to , S o u th C re s c e n t, S to re S tre e t, W . C . I. W o u n d e d a n d M is s in g , 18, C a r lt o n H o u s e T e r r a c e , S . W . i. W o m e n ’s P ic c a d illy , W . St. J o h n C h a ir m a n . 56,

J o in t V . A . D . D e p a r t m e n t , D e v o n s h ir e H o u s e , 1. W a r e h o u s e , fo r H o s p it a l S u p p lie s .— A d d r e s s St. J o h n ’s S q u a re , E . C . I.

S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e D e p o t .— A d d r e s s S u p e r in te n d e n t, H a lk y n H o u s e , B e lg r a v e S q u a re , S .W .

St. John Hospitals. B a irs to w , M r s . M a r ia n , A u x . H o s p ., T o w c e s te r. B a rn e tt, M rs . M a r g a r e t , E s s e x H o u s e , C h u r c h S tre tto n . B a rth o lo m e w , M r s . S a r a h , V . A . D . H o s p ., B la k e s le y , N ’h a n ts. B a rto n , M r s . E m m a H o p e , S ta p le to n P a r k , P o n te fra c t. B a r tr u m , M r s . M a r ia n , E g g e r s la c k A u x . H o s p ., L a n c s . B la ik lo c k , N o r a , V . A . D . H o s p . S o u t h a ll, M id d le s e x . B o y n e , V is c o u n t e s s , 7 th D u r h a m A u x . H o s p ., B ra d c e p e th . B r a s s e y , M r s . V io le t , A u x . H o s p ., C o tts b ro o k . C a u s to n , M rs . I. J ., A u x . H o s p . P in n e r . C h a rr in g t o n , M r s . M a r y , G iffo rd H o u s e , R o e h a m p to n . C h ill, M r s . E v e ly n , A u x . H o s p ., S o u t h a ll, M id d le s e x . D a ly , T h e H o n . F lo r e n c e , A u x . H o s p ., M a n o r H o u s e , F o lk e sto n e. D a r lo w , M r s . E l le n F r a n c e s , A u x . H o s p ., N o rt h w o o d , M id d x . D u n d o n a ld , C o u n t e s s of, A u x . H o s p ., 84, E a to n -s q ., L o n d o n . E d e n , L a d y ( S y b il) , 19th D u r h a m A u x . H o s p ., F e r r y h ill F it z w illia m , M r s . E v e ly n , M ilt o n P a r k , P e te rb o ro u g h . G e o g h e g a n , M r s . M a r y E liz a b e t h , A u x . H o s p ., B la c k r o c k , D u b lin . G o o d s ir , M r s . G e rt ru d e , A u x . H o s p ., W a lla c e fie ld , C ro y d o n . H a re w o o d , C o u n t e s s of, H a r e w o o d H o u s e , Y o r k s . H e a th c o te , T h e H o n . M r s E v e ly n , C o tta g e H o s p it a l, M a rk e t D r a y to n . H o llin s , L a d y D o r a , S t. J o h n V . A . D . H o s p ., L a n c s . H o w a r d - T a y lo r , M r s . G e rt ru d e , M id d le w o o d H a ll , D a rfie ld . H u g h e s , M is s A n n e , S ilv e rd a le , L a n c s . H u g h e s , M is s C h a r lo t t e , A u x . H o s p ., S h re w s b u r y . L o w t h e r L a d y ( M a r jo r ie N o e l), S w illin g t o n H a ll, L e e d s . M o u n t g a rre t t, V is c o u n t e s s , M o u n t g a rr e t t H o s p ., C a d o g a n G a rd e n s. N u m b u r n h o lm e , D o w a g e r L a d y , R o y a l N a v a l H o s p ., H u ll. O r le b a r , M r s . F a it h , H in w ic k H a ll, W e llin g b o r o u g h . P e a s e , M r s . H e le n a M a r ia , 10th N o r t h u m b e rla n d V . A . D . H o s . R e c k it t , M r s . H i ld a B re n t , R e c k it t ’s H o s p ., H u ll. R o s s a ll, M is s J a n e , S t a r r H i l l s A u x . H o s p ., L y t h a m . St. J o h n M ild m a y , M r s . C e c il, A u x . H o s p . T h o r n b y . S h a k e r le y , L a d y ( H i ld a M a r y ), S o m e rfo rd P a r k , C o n g le to n . S k ip w o r t h , M r s . S o p h ia , L o v e r s a l H a ll, D o n c a s t e r. S m ile y , M r s . C o n s ta n c e , A u x . H o s p . T e m p le L a n e , D e rb y . S to b b a rt, M r s . J e s s ic a , 1 7 th D u r h a m A u x . H o s p ., E t h e r le y . P o w e ll, M rs . L il y , D in a s P o w is A u x . H o s p ., G la m o rg a n s h ir e . T r e n c h - G a s c o ig n e , G w e n d o lin e , L o th e r t o n H a ll, A b e rfo rd , Y o rk s. W a le s - F a ir b a ir n , M r s . L il y , A s k h a m G ra n g e , Y o r k s . W a k e fie ld , M r s . M a r y , A u x . H o s p ., S t ra n m o n g a t e , K e n d a l. W h e le r , M r s . F a it h , L e d s t o n e H a ll, C a s te lfo rd . W o o d , M r s . G ra c e , St. J o h n V . A . D . H o s p it a l, C re s s w e ll.

Mentioned in Despatches. G o r d o n , M r s . M a r y , F o r t R o u g e , W in n ip e g . S .J .A .B .

Another course of X-Ray training is being started early in March. Applicants should apply at once to the Secretary. X-Ray Course, Devonshire House, London, W. 1, An attractive Ambulance Competition Meeting will be held at the Ambulance Hall, Pontypool, Monmouth shire, on April 2nd, when contests will be held for a silver shield and ^ 5 for male teams; female team tests ^ 5 (and possibly a trophy). Full particulars may be obtained from the Secretary, J. Bees, 17, Nicholas-street, Pontypool, or District-Supt. G. H. Nelms, 37, Wainfelin-avenue, Ponty pool. Programmes 2^d. each.

The following extract appears in the Annual Report of the Leicester Royal Infirmary :— “ We must not forget also to pay a tribute to the valuable help of Mr. A. W. Faire, the County Director, and to Mr. J. R. Corah, the Assistant Director, for sending St. John Ambulance men with all convoys of wounded soldiers to the infirmary, to assist is their speedy admission to the wards. The men’s services have been much valued, and the report now pre sented affords a suitable opportunity of acknowledging them.” The Cape Medical Council has decided that military probationers must spend one year training in a general hospital. If some such decision had been arrived at in this country at the beginning of the war, says “ The Nurs ing Times,” we should still have had the V.A.D. problem with us, but in a less contentious form. What are our civil hospitals going to do about it? For, as we said last week, the question is really one for them to decide. We note that Miss McCarthy, Matron-in-Chief of the Army Nursing Service in France, is reported to have said to a Press representative : “ I hope that it will be possible to approach the civil hospitals to give an allowance for length of service here. I think the hospitals here should allow the work here to count as one year’s training, or two years for two years’ service. Subject to the consent of the War Office, every case would be considered separately.”

122

— F I R S T CONTENTS

THIS

AID.

—

February, 1918.

surgeon to the Allies French-English Hospital, who has

NUMBER.

served on the floating ambulance Ocean in Belgium, has

E ditorial -

written a report on the utilisation of the extensive water

F ir s t A id o n th e H o m e F r o n t

113

D istrict R eports — No. 1 ; No. 3

...

114

N o . 12

115

T he St . John’s A mbulance Gazette — S e r v ic e o f T h a n k s g in g fo r th e C a p t u r e o f J e r u s a le m fro m th e H a n d s o f th e T u r k s F ir s t A id in th e F ie ld

...

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V . A . D . the C o u n t y D ir e c t o r s

ways in France and Belgium to transport wounded.

Any craft that is not

the gravely

more than 40 metres

long, 5 metres wide, and does not draw more than 2 metres of water can travel along the numerous available waterways from the fighting lines far into the interior of

1 16 117

the country. kind exist.

C o m m itte e to

This gives ample room to instal a comfort

able ambulance, and many barges and other craft of this The

advantages

118

are such that, on the Ocean, there were as many as 52

T h e G r a n d P r io r y o f th e O r d e r o f th e S t. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d

1 19

abdominal

viscera

* * *

122

...

R a ilw a y A m b u la n c e

the

per cent, of cases cured. 120

N o te s a n d N e w s

water for

119

B r e v it ie s

wounds

T h e G e n e s is o f th e In d ia n B r a n c h o f the S .J . A . A . . . . H o s p it a l o f

penetrating

of transport

grave

123

P ractical Points — A C o m p lic a t e d A c c id e n t

123

A C o m p e t it io n H o w le r ...

124

T h e record of six months’ work of the American Red Cross (4 Place de la Concorde, Paris), is full of interest. Beginning in June, 1917, with a staff of thirteen persons, by September the organisation comprised and

Q ueries and A nswers to C orrespondents —

sixty

workers.

The

staff, not

nine

bureaux

including

members

T re a tm e n t o f B ro k e n N o se

124

of the Friends’ Unit, now numbers three hundred and

In ju r ie s to In t e r n a l O r g a n s

124

sixty-four

1 14

bureaux

M e d d le s o m e F ir s t A id

...

persons. at

The

124

where a Red Cross

L ia b ilit y fo r D o c t o r ’s F e e

124

tion with

B le e d in g tro m R a d i a l a n d U ln a r A r t e r ie s ...

126

tional

P r u s s ic A c id P o is o n in g ...

126

care

B lu e B a g fo r S t in g s

126

reconstruction and relief,

F a t a l I n j u r y to F e m o r a l V e in

C a r b o lic A c id P o is o n in g

126 126

activities.

F r a c t u r e o f F lo a t in g R ib s

126 126

T r e a t m e n t o f In s e n s ib ilit y

126

includes

children’s

(among which is Chalons,

physician

Friends’

campaign

A r t if ic ia l R e s p ir a t io n B le e d in g at B a c k o f N e c k

the

holds

Maternity

clinics

bureaux

in connec

Hospital), on educa

with a travelling picture

of the b a b y ;

&c.,

work

various centres

film on

for tuberculosis,

re-education of

muti/es,

and complete records are being kept

the

refugees

&c.,

all the

* *

Some preventable accidents :— Workman at steam hammer in hammer shop, after pulling a tyre on horn, swung around with hook and

Brevities.

struck another workman standing near by on the nose. Injured man was compelled to lose time from work as a

deputation from the Lincoln Corps of the St.

result,

John Ambulance Brigade had attended the Watch Com mittee meeting with respect to the position of members of

Suggestion : Looking out for the other fellow would have prevented this accident.

the brigade whilst on duty during air raids, and, after con

Rolling mill labourer was carrying a bar in his hands

ferring with them, the following resolution was passed, with

and had his fingers interlocked, so that whep he wanted

which the deputation expressed their satisfaction, viz .:—

to drop the bar he could not get his fingers loose in

Resolved that the Corps be informed that should it unfor

time and his hand was pinned on the floor by the bar.

tunately happen that a member of the St. John Ambulance

H e received contusion of index and ring fingers.

Brigade be incapacitated by an injury received by him in the city while assisting the police in the execution of their

Suggestion : Bad practice to interlock fingers when carrying heavy weights.

duties in connection with air raids, and is, at the time he receives the injury, acting under the supervision or in accordance with the directions of the Chief Constable of the city, or dies from the effect of any injury so received without his own default, the case will be most sympathetic ally, considered on its merits by the Watch Committee. * * *

D r . G eorge L ouvard , of the French Army, and

Hammer over

reins,

shop man, while helping to turn bloom

die,

got

through

manipulating

his

failing

hand to

caught

extricate

between his

hand

tongs while

the tongs, received a severe contusion of

hand. Suggestion : A

little more “ Safety First ” thought;

these are the kinds of accidents that make up the “ 74 per cent.” class.

February, 1918

— F I R S T

Railway Jlmbulance. S.E. & C .R .— On this line first aid work among the staff has for a long course of years received much en couragement from the officers and directors of the Com pany. The South Eastern and Chatham Railway was con stituted a centre of the St. John Ambulance Association in 1905, although, previous to this date, classes were organised throughout the system, and the foundation laid for the excellent results herein recorded. T he railway is divided into nine districts, each district having its own secretary and committee. During the past season. 289 first year certificates have been issued to new members, whilst nearly a thousand members of the staff, already holding an award of the Association have successfully passed a more advanced examination. In 1910 a medal of special design was instituted for presentation to members passing an ambulance examina tion seven years in succession. Since then no less than 701 men have qualified in this manner. The medal is a much coveted distinction, and is undoubtedly the means of ensuring that members of the staff will keep themselves proficient in first-aid knowledge and attend annually for re examination. It is also a tangible evidence of the fact that the holder is absolutely competent to deal with any case of accident or sudden illness with which he may be brought into contact. The following figures represent the awards issued to successful members of the classes since the formation of tHe centre :— Year. 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917

Certificate 1st exam. 408 267 274 360 240 316 232 163 148 222 231 289

Voucher 2nd exam.

145

295 201 217 218 >83

'99

119

113 83

81 129

Medal Label 3rd 4th & subse Total. exam. quent exam. 86 732 93 179 '34 875 257 302 1,034 185 480 1,242 594 19' ',243 206 1,428 723 810 142 1.383 798 '54 1.234 86 817 1,164 780 74 ','59 822 1,189 55 92 873 1,373

It will thus be seen that the number of first certificates granted during the past season has been greater than for several years past, whilst the total number of awards com pares favourably with previous years, especially bearing in mind that, owing to the exceptional conditions prevailing, it has been found impossible to hold the usual competions and demonstrations, and that this undoubted stimulus has, therefore, been wanting. With the advent of female labour on the railway, classes have been held for women members of the staff in various districts. These classes have been well attended, and a high percentage of successes gained at the examina tions. O f South-Eastern and Chatham Railway employes serving with the Colours at the present time, 230 are mem bers of the Centre. A successful First Aid Class ^for members of the staff attached to the Railway Operating Division at Boulonge has been held under the auspices of this Centre, and the many reports of first aid rendered by the members prove the value of the knowledge gained. First aid has been rendered by members of the staff in

AID

123

4,114 cases during the past twelve months, making a total of 32,000 instances where the patients’ sufferings had been alleviated and further complications prevented since the formation of the Centre in 1905. These figures speak for themselves. Since the outbreak of war, all ambulance trains con veying patients to five hospitals on the South-Eastern and Chatham Railway have been entirely unloaded by the railway’s ambulance employes. This work has been performed by the members of the staff in the districts affected, and has been carried out in the men’s own time at all hours of the day and night, necessitating a great deal of self-sacrifice. The men, how ever, who, by-the-bye, have individually purchased their own uniform and equipment,'are glad to realise that, all un consciously, the knowledge gained by them in the past has been but a preparation for the time when they would be able to ensure the comfort of those broken in our wars whose lot it has been to be drafted to hospitals situated on the South Eastern and Chatham Railway Company’s system. The practical interest taken in the ambulance move ment by the staff generally is evinced by the action of the station masters, inspectors, and locomotive foremen who have combined for the purpose of instituting a fund, which has been subscribed to by all grades of the service, for pre senting prizes to ambulance men performing meritorious acts of first aid, and by other means encouraging the staff to take up the work. The subscriptions this year amount to no less than ^ 9 7 — twice the amount received on any previous occasion. With this sum a magnificent shield has been purchased for annual competition by teams of men throughout the railway, ^ 3 5 has been distributed amongst the various corps and in the purchase of surgical aid letters for the benefit of ambulance men and their families, and the remainder for the purchase of prizes. The action of the station masters, inspectors and loco motive foremen in connection with the fund is greatly appreciated, and there is not the least doubt that it is a means of encouraging the staff to take up the first aid work. On no other line, as far as it is known, is a fund of this kind in existence. It is worthy of record that, by means of collections, the proceeds of concerts, etc., the members of the SouthEastern and Chatham Railway centre have been enabled to subscribe the sum of over ^ 1 0 0 to the funds of the St. John Ambulanoe Brigade Hospital, acknowledged to be one of the best, if not the best equipped, hospital in France, thus showing their interest in the work of the Order of St. John over-seas as well as at home.

practical joints. Tke Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to goea and bad boints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column. A

o m p l ic a t e d

c cid en t

At a certain Railway Terminus a young man was in charge of a cellar lift, which was covered in by two falling-in trap doors. Recently he forgot to loosen the inside bolts, set the lift work ing and attempted to force open the trap-doors with his head. Being unsuccessful, he was crushed between lift and doors, and was killed by reason of fracture— dislocation of spinal column, complicated fractures of ribs, &c. A woman-porter, who was passing with a barrow loaded with luggage, saw the accident, let go the barrow, fell on the •piatform in a dead faint. The blade of the barrow knocked

124

— FIRST

d o w n a n o t h e r w o m a n -p o rt e r a n d c a u s e d a c o m p o u n d f ra c t u r e o f b o th b o n e s o f h e r r ig h t le g , w h ils t a la d y p a s s e n g e r, b e in g o v e rc o m e at s e e in g th is c o m b in a tio n o f a c c id e n t s , h a s te n e d in to th e r e s t a u r a n t fo r the p u r p o s e o f o b t a in in g so m e s tim u la n t. F a in t in g in h e r t u r n , sh e fe ll d o w n so m e s te p s a n d s u s ta in e d a s e v e re s c a lp w o u n d w ith c o n c u s s io n of b r a in w ffic h n e c e s s ita te d h e r r e m o v a l on a s tre tc h e r. F in a lly , a n o th e r w o m a n -p o rte r r u s h e d in to a n o ffice w ith th e n e w s o f th e a c c id e n t a n d th e n f a in t e d — thus making four separate and distinct emergencies which were the direct outcome o f one accident.— W . C . B ., V ic t o r ia . A

o m pe titio n

o w le r

D u r in g a R a ilw a y C o m p e t it io n o n a h o t s u m m e r ’s d a y , a a c o m p e t it o r tre a te d a m a n supposed to be insensible a n d s u ffe r in g fro m a ’ s e v e re s c a lp w o u n d , w h ic h h e d re s s e d n e a t ly a n d e ffic ie n tly . A s k e d b y th e J u d g e if h e h a d d o n e a n y t h in g e lse , h e r e p lie d th a t h e h a d g iv e n the p a tie n t a w h is k y a n d s o d a ! ! W h e n r e p r im a n d e d , h e r e p lie d “ T h e B la c k B o o k te a c h e s u s to s t u d y o u r p a tie n t ’s c o m fo rt, a n d f u rth e r, th e m a n a s k e d fo r a d r in k ! !” — F . A ., C h is w ic k .

Queries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— I - — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana comer of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-strect, London, E . C. 2.— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the fournal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. S ' — The Tcxtbookfto which reference may be made in these columns, is the Revised (19/7) Edition o f S .J .A .A . M anual o f First-A id.

r ea tm en t

r o ken

ose

P . S. (S y d n e y , N . S . W . ) a s k s fo r th e tre a tm e n t o f a b ro k e n n ose. T r e a t a s a b r u is e (T e x t -b o o k , p. 106) a n d a d v is e p a tie n t to c o n s u lt a d o c t o r w ith o u t d e la y , N o s e b le e d in g is o fte n a p r o m in e n t fe a tu re o f th e c o n d it io n , w h ic h m a y — i f e x tre m e v io le n c e h a s b e e n u s e d — be c o m p lic a t e d b y s ig n s o f f ra c t u re d b a se o f s k u ll. E x t e r n a l s p lin t s a re , o f c o u rs e , u s e le s s .— N . C

o r bet

le tc h e r

ju r ies

te r n a l

rg an s

W . S. ( F i n c h l e y ) : — T h e re v is e d T e x t b o o k s ta te s th a t fo r in ju r ie s to th e b la d d e r a n d k id n e y s “ c o l d ” s h o u ld be a p p lie d . T h e o ld b o o k r e c o m m e n d e d “ h ot fo m e n ta tio n s .” W h ic h is c o r r e c t ? T h e p o in t is n o t im p o rt a n t b e c a u s e ( 1 ) h e a t a n d c o ld p r o d u c e th e s a m e r e s u lt ; a n d (2 ) the p a tie n t ’s c o m fo rt (a n d w is h e s ) c o n t r o l the s it u a tio n . A t the s a m e t im e — if I w e re th e p a tie n t — I s h o u ld p re fe r h o t fo m e n ta tio n s a s re c o m m e n d e d b y D r . C a n t lie .— N . C . F . M

ed d leso m e

ir st

-A

R . M . (L it t le h a m p t o n ) : — T h e f o llo w in g Q u e r y is b a s e d o n p e r s o n a l e x p e rie n c e . (1 ) B e in g in L o n d o n re c e n t ly d u r in g a n a ir - r a id , I t re a te d a f a in t in g w o m a n in a T u b e S ta tio n a n d s e ttle d h e r c o m fo rt a b ly o n th e p la tfo rm . T h e S .J .A .B . m e n in u n ifo rm th e n c a m e u p without asking any ques tions o f th e b y s t a n d e r s o r m y s e lf b e g a n at o n c e to u p se t th e p a tie n t a n d re p e a t the e x a m in a tio n u n t il I re m o n s tra te d w ith the m . (2 ) U n d e r th e se c ir c u m s t a n c e s , I a s k w h a t lin e a c t io n s h o u ld b e t a k e n w h e n o n e F ir s t - A id e r is a lr e a d y in c h a r g e o f a c a s e a n d a n o t h e r a r r iv e s u p o n the sce n e .

AI D. —

February, 1918.

S h o u ld th e firs t m a n be a llo w e d to c a r r y o ut h is o w n m e th o d s u n le s s th e se a re m a n ife s tly w ro n g , a n d u t ilis e th e o th e r m a n ’s h e lp to k e e p b a c k th e c r o w d ? W o u ld th e w e a r in g o f a n o ffic ia l u n ifo rm a ffect th e s it u a t io n ? (1 ) B e y o n d a ll q u e s tio n th e S .J .A .B . m e n w ere , o n y o u r sta te m e n t, g u ilt y o f M e d d le s o m e F ir s t - A id , a n d n e g le c te d s o m e im p o rta n t e le m e n t a ry P r in c ip le s . F ir s t , they forgot that F irst-A id aims at prevention of f u r t h e r in ju r y a n d n o t a t t re a t m e n t ; s e c o n d ly , they were palpably unskilled in observation s in c e th e y d id n o t n o te the c o m fo rta b le p o s it io n o f p a t ie n t ; t h ir d ly , they lacked discrimination in n o t r e a lis in g th a t— a s an a ir - r a id w a s in p r o g r e s s — th e re w a s n o t h in g f u rth e r to b e d o n e ; a n d fo u rth ly , they demonstrated a deplorable want o f tact in t h e ir tre a tm e n t o f yo u. (2 ) T h e fir s t m a n o n the s c e n e is the m a n in c h a rg e , a n d s h o u ld n o t y ie ld u p h is r e s p o n s ib ilit ie s unless and until he k n o w s th a t the s e c o n d m a n c a n re n d e r m o re e ffic ie n t a s s is ta n c e to th e p a tie n t whose interests centrol the situation. T h i s — a n d n o t a n o ffic ia l in u n ifo rm — is th e p r a c t ic a l test, a lt h o u g h in t h e o ry th e m a n in u n ifo rm (e -g ., S . J . A . B . ) is m o re lik e ly to b e c a p a b le o f e ffic ie n t a id in a n e m e rg e n c y , b e c a u s e h e s u b m its h is k n o w le d g e to a n n u a l re -e x a m in a t io n . T h i s test, h o w e v e r, m a y n o t a lw a y s h o ld g o o d , a s y o u r e x p e rie n c e p ro v e s . I n p ra c t ic e , F ir s t - A id e r s s h o u ld c a r r y o ut the P r in c ip le s o f F ir s t A id a n d a ct a s d o c t o rs d o w h e n th e y m e et in c o n s u lta tio n o r in e m e rg e n c y . F ir s t , w ith a few d ip lo m a t ic q u e s tio n s a n d a n s w e rs they establish their identities a n d th e fa ct th a t th e y a re b o th q u a lifie d p r a c t it io n e r s ( if th e se a re n o t a lr e a d y k n o w n ) ; s e c o n d ly , they listen carefully to opinions expressed by each other, r e c o g n is in g th a t th e se a re w o rth y o f a ll c o n s id e ra t io n ; t h ird ly , they discuss and agree upon th e m e th o d s b y w h ic h th e R e q u ir e m e n t s o f th e c o n d it io n o r e m e rg e n c y m a y be m o st s a t is fa c t o r ily d e a lt w ith . I n s h o rt, b y a d o p tin g so m e s u c h p la n F ir s t - A id e r s w ill (lik e th e d o c t o rs ) s h a re th e r e s p o s ib ilit y o f th e ca se , w h ile the p a tie n t w ill o b ta in the a d d it io n a l a d v a n ta g e o f a w e ll c o n s id e re d p la n o f a c tio n , m o d ifie d , o f c o u rs e — in a n e m e r g e n c y — b y th e n e c e s s it y fo r s p e e d a n d fo r th e p r o v is io n of e x p e rt a s s is t a n c e .— N . C . F . F

a tal

ju r y

em o r a l

e in

J . H . (P a r a m a t t a , N . S . W . ) in v it e s o u r c r it ic is m o f a n e w s p a p e r c u tt in g w h ic h (a) r e p o rt s “ the e x t r a o r d in a r y s u d d e n d e a th o f a c h ild fro m h a e m o rrh a g e d u e to w o u n d in g r o in , c a u s e d b y f a llin g o n b r o k e n c r o c k e r y ” ; a n d ( b) s ta te s th a t “ a s p e r s io n h a s b e e n t h ro w n o n the h u m a n ity o f tw o lo c a l d o c to rs .”

(a) W it h r e g a r d to th e w o u n d w e n o te ( 1 ) th a t d e a th w a s d u e to h a e m o rrh a g e fro m fe m o ra l v e in (the artery being uninjured) ; (2 ) th a t, a lt h o u g h th e c h ild w a s p la c e d in re c u m b e n t p o s itio n , d ig it a l p r e s s u re (which would have saved the childs life ) w as n o t e x e rte d on th e w o u n d ; a n d ( 3 ) th a t th e t h ig h w a s so s w a th e d in s h e e t in g th a t th e g ra v e d e g re e o f b le e d in g w a s n o t r e a lis e d t ill too late. F r o m t h is e x c e e d in g ly r a r e c a s e w e le a r n , 1st, th a t th e v e n o u s b le e d in g is n ot a lw a y s “ s lo w ” (a s the T e x t b o o k u n fo r t u n a te ly t e a c h e s )— d e a th in t h is in s t a n c e t a k in g p la c e w ith in fifte e n m in u te s ; a n d 2 n d , th a t th e a p p lic a t io n o f d ig it a l p r e s s u re w o u ld h a v e s to p p e d th e b le e d in g a n d s a v e d life , w h e re a s th e s h e e t in g encouraged (while it concealed) the c a u s e o f th e in c r e a s in g p a llo r a n d fa in tn e s s . (b) W it h r e g a r d to th e c o m p la in t th a t th e d o c to rs re fu se d to co m e , w e n o te ( 1 ) th a t th e a c c id e n t h a p p e n e d “ w it h in tw o o r th re e m in u te s w a lk o f th e h o s p ita l ’’ a n d (2 ) th a t a m e s s e n g e r, d e liv e r d a v a g u e v e r b a l m e ss g e w h ic h c le a r ly s u g g e s t e d a s lig h t in ju r y to le g . F r o m th e c a s e , th e re fo re , w e le a r n fu rth e r — 1st, th a t it is n o t a lw a y s w is e to “ s e n d fo r ’> a d o c to r, s in c e , as in t h is ca se , v a lu a b le tim e m a y be lo s t b y s u c h a c tio n ; a n d 2 n d , th a t p r e c is e w ritte n m e s s a g e s — w ith f u ll d e t a ils — a re a lw a y s p re fe ra b le to v e r b a l. F o r fu rth e r c r it ic is m see A n s w e r to A . E . (H e n d o n ) . — N . C. F. L

ia b il it y

for

o c t o r ’s

e e

o f A . E . ( H e n d o n ) a s k s w h o is lia b le to p a y th e d o c to r’ s fee w h e n a F ir s t - A id e r c o n s id e rs it n e c e s s a r y to s e n d fo r expert a s s is ta n c e .

February 1918

— F I R S T

AID.—

125

FIR S T -A ID

IODEX |

(<Jn£. lodi M &J)

A BLAND & PAINLESS ;

—IODINE DRESSING.—

for U n ifo r m s

A sep tic.

a n d

A n tise p tic .

I O D E X is a First-Aid Dressing of great merit— painless and bland It promotes rapid healing and is ideal in septic wounds, tears, abrasions, bruises, burns, scalds, inflamed feet, etc.

IODEX has been supplied to :

E q u i p m e n t

H .M . F le e t S u r g e o n s , R .A .M .C . Surgeons, R ed C r o s s S u r g e o n s ,

V a st modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge compari son with an y other clothing of equal quality.

C rolz R ouge Francalse B e l g i a n F i e ld H o s p i t a l s ,

I O D E X is non-staining, non irritating Free Iodine of great penetrative power. It is a power ful absorbent and antiseptic, and rapidly reduces inflammation.

F r e n c h F i e ld H o s p i t a l s , N um erous M ilitary H osp itals, M e m b e r s of St. John A m bulan ce.

IO D E X

so ld

1 oz.

P o ts,

P rice

1 /3 .

I O D E X has benefitted the follow ing and numerous other conditions.

Prices and Samples on request. 1 6 ,

I L E

S T

CITY R O AD , LONDON, N .I., and at 6, YORK PLACE, LEEDS, and 84 , MILLER STR EET, GLASGOW.

E n l a r g e d G la n d s , G oitre, T u b e r c u l o u s Join ts, B u r s itis , S y n o v it is , S c ia tic a , N eu r itis, G out, R h eu m a to id A rthritis, H yd rocele, P arasitic S k in Diseases. R in g w o r m , C hilblain s, Acne, Bolls, M u m p s , S p r a in s , AND ALL IN FL A M M A T O R Y C O N D ITIO N S. L it e r a t u r e

a p p lic a t io n

Menley & James, Ltd., T H

“

PICTORIAL

F I R

S T

to —

39, F a rr ln g d o n R o ad , LONDON, E .C .

I D

”

T RI ANGULAR

BANDAGE. Jfaval, JfCtlitarij and Civil Jailors and Sreeches Jfiakers. The West End House of Hazel & Co., as below, is exclusively devoted to the

Clothing & Equipment OF

Officers of all Ranks and all Services,

Illustrating the various w ays of using the Bandage in cases of injury.

and the supply of High Grade Tailor

Triangular Bandages can also be supplied plain, unprinted.

ing

for

Gentlemen’s

Wear.

Best

materials and workmanship only at moderate prices. U n ifo r m s

a n d

SOUTHALL BROS. & BARCLAY, Ld„

L iv e r ie s.

B IR M IN G H A M , Established

P R

I N

HANOVER

S Q .,

S T

LONDON,

Catalogues on application.

W. 1.

1820 ,

M anufacturers of Surgical Dressings, Fine Chem icals and Pharm aceutical Preparations. Enquiries invited.

- F I R S T T h e p e rs o n w h o a c t u a lly s u m m o n th e d o c t o r is in la w lia b le fo r the fee. I f a F ir s t - A id e r , th e re fo re , w is h e s to a v o id t h is r e s p o n s ib ilit y — w h ic h , h o w ev er, is r a rely en forced — he s h o u ld e it h e r (1 ) s e e k firs t th e c o n s e n t o f th e p a tie n t o r (2 ), b e tte r s t ill, d e le g a te th e d e c is io n to a p o lic e o ffic e r w h o is a u t h o r is e d to e x e r c is e h is d is c r e t io n , a n d m a y in c u r s u c h lia b ilit y at th e e x p e n s e o f p u b lic fu n d s. B y th e w a y , a d o c to r is a fre e a g e n t. N o le g a l o b lig a t io n c a n c o m p e l h is a tte n d a n c e — e v e n in a n e m e r g e n c y — w ith o r w ith o u t fee, a lth o u g h h u m a n it a r ia n p r in c ip le s u s u a lly c a u s e h im to w a iv e h is la w fu l r ig h t s to fre e d o m o f a c t io n a n d to r e m u n e ra t io n .— N . C . F . B l e e d in g

f r o m

R a d ia l

a n d

U ln ar

A r te r ies.

S. ( W a r r in g t o n ) a s k s if th e St. J o h n S lin g s h o u ld be u s e d fo r b le e d in g fro m r a d ia l a n d u ln a r a rt e r ie s a s fro m th e p a lm a r a rc h e s . H e a d d s th a t th e T e x t b o o k is n o t c le a r o n the p o in t, a n d th a t a n e x a m in e r r e c e n t ly p e n a lis e d h e a v ily a c a n d id a t e w h o u s e d a la r g e a rm - s lin g .

B le e d in g fro m th e p a lm o f h a n d is d iffic u lt to c o n tro l, b e c a u s e w e c a n n o t e x e rt firm p re s s u re o n th e s p o t u n less a n d u n t il w e r e la x the fib ro u s tis su e w h ic h c o v e rs a n d p ro te c t s the p a lm a r a rc h e s . T o d o t h is e ffe c tiv e ly w e m u st u se the S t. J o h n S lin g , w h ic h r a is e s th e h a n d w h ile it k e e p s th e e lb o w fle x e d at a n a c u te a n g le . T h i s c a u s e , h o w e v e r, d o e s n o t o p e ra te w ith b le e d in g fro m r a d ia l a n d u ln a r a rt e rie s , a n d a la r g e s lin g is u s u a lly s e le c te d , e v e n th o u g h a St. J o h n S lin g m ig h t be m o re c o m fo rta b le a n d c a u s e e le v a t io n o f b le e d in g p a rt. B r ie f ly put, the la t te r s lin g m ig h t be m o re a d v a n ta g e o u s , b u t it is n o t e s s e n t ia l.- N . C . F . P r u ssic

A c id

P o iso n in g .

C . W . ( G r a v e s e n d ) . — I n a re c e n t A n s w e r I n o te th a t y o u a d v is e th e im m e d ia t e a d m in is t ra t io n o f e m e tic fo r P r u s s ic A c id P o is o n in g , “ p r o v id e d p a tie n t is c o n s c io u s a n d a b le to s w a llo w .” H o w d o y o u r e c o n c ile th e se in s t ru c t io n s w ith th e T e x t b o o k , sin ce a l l acids b urn ? Y o u h a v e fa lle n in to a fa v o u rit e e x a m in a tio n t ra p ! T h e T e x t b o o k te a c h e s y o u to w ith h o ld e m e tic s w ith C o r r o s iv e P o is o n s . P r u s s ic A c id is n ot a C o r r o s iv e A c id a n d d o e s n ot u lc e r a t e the s to m a c h . O n th e c o n t r a r y , it is a m o st p o te n t n e rv e p o is o n a n d a n e m e tic m u s t be g iv e n at o n c e , b e fo re in s e n s ib ilit y o c c u r s .— N . C . F . B lu e

B ag

fo r

Stin g s.

A . G . (N e a s d e n ) : — I n C a n tile , th e b lu e b a g is a d v is e d s tin g . S h o u ld th is b e a p p lie d w et o r d r y ?

fo r a

T h e b lu e b a g c o n ta in s s e v e ra l a lk a lie s (s o d a b e in g the c h ie f c o n s t itu e n t ), a n d is u s e fu l fo r s o o t h in g th e p a in a n d i r r i ta tio n o f a s tin g . F o r t h is re a s o n it w ill be m o re e ffic a c io u s if a p p lie d w et. 1 n o te th a t y o u q u o te C a n tile ( s ic ) tw ic e . G iv e m o re p la y to y o u r p o w e rs o f ob servation ! ! — N . C . F . C a r b o l ic

A c id

P o iso n in g .

L . G . ( W ille s d e n ) a s k s w h a t n e rv o u s s y m p to m s w ith C a r b o lic A c id .

m ay appear

S y m to m s o f g r a v e c o lla p s e — in s e n s ib ilit y , co m a , s te rto rio u s b r e a t h in g , lo s s o f re fle x m o v e m e n ts , h u r r ie d a n d s h a llo w b r e a t h in g , d e a th . C a s e s m a y im p ro v e , r e c o v e r c o n s c io u s n e s s , a n d a fe w h o u r s la t e r d ie s u d d e n ly fro m c o lla p s e .— N . C . F . A r tif ic ia l

R e sp ir a tio n .

A . G . ( N e a s d e n ) : — I n o t ic e y o u p re fe r S c h a e fe r's M e th o d o f r e s p ir a t io n w h e n e v e r p o s s ib le . I n C a n tile it is la id d o w n fo r L a b o r d e to b e u s e d in in ju r y to d is e a s e o f b r a in , a n d fo r c h ild r e n in c o n v u ls io n s c a u s in g s u s p e n d e d re s p ir a t io n . D o y o u t h in k th a t t h is is b e tte r o r w o u ld y o u re c o m m e n d S c h a e f e r ’s M e th o d fo r th e se c a s e s a ls o ? ( 1 ) Y o u r p o w e rs o f observation a re a g a in at fa u lt ! ! Y o u h a v e m is r e a d C a n tlie (p . 140), w h ic h p re fa c e s its s u g g e s t io n s fo r L a b o r d e th u s “ W h en fr o m any cause the above m ethods (S c h a e f e r a n d S ilv e s t e r ) cann ot be c a rr ie d out, Labbrde?s m ethod s h o u ld be tried. (2 ) A ls o , y o u r k n o w le d g e is d e fic ie n t ! C e s s a t io n o f

AID.—

February, 1918

r e s p ir a t io n is th e in d ic a t io n fo r a r t ific ia l r e s p ir a t io n a n d n o t in ju r y to o r d is e a s e o f th e b r a in ! ! F u r t h e r , it is n o t p o s s ib le to c a r r y o u t s u c h m o v e m e n ts w h ile a c h ild is c o n v u ls e d ! ! ! R e a d y o u r T e x t b o o k (e s p e c ia lly C h a p t e r s I . a n d V .) a g a in w ith g r e a t e r c a re a n d d ilig e n c e , a n d a ls o th e A n s w e r s to Q u e rie s w h ic h y o u c r it ic is e — a n d y o u w ill fin d that S c h a e f e r ’s M e th o d is n o t o n ly the la te s t (d e s c r ib e d in 1905 ; L a b o r d e in 1 9 0 2 )— b u t a ls o the q uickest, easiest a n d m ost effective m ethod o f a r t if ic ia l r e s p ir a t io n .— N . C . F . F r actu r e

o f

F lo a tin g

R ib s.

A . S. ( B r is t o l) .— I s it r ig h t to a p p ly tw o b ro a d b a n d a g e s fo r f ra c t u r e o f flo a t in g r ib s ? W h a t g o o d w o u ld th e y d o ? T h e y c a n n o t c o n t r o l th e fra c t u re d r ib s w h ic h a re a tta c h e d to s p in a l c o lu m n o n ly . If , h o w e v e r, th e s u p p o rt o f a b a n d a g e g iv e s e a se a n d c o m fo rt (a s it o ften d o e s) w ith th e a s s o c ia te d b r u is in g o f m u s c le s , th e o ne b a n d a g e w o u ld p r o b a b ly su ffic e a n d be g o o d tre a tm e n t.— N . C. F. B l e e d in g

f r o m

B ack

o f

N ec k .

M . B. ( M o r e c a m b e ) : — I b e g to s u b m it a n e w m e th o d o f a p p ly in g a t r ia n g u la r b a n d a g e to b a c k o f n e c k w h e n th e re is a w o u n d w ith s e v e re b le e d in g . F ir s t , p la c e p a d in p o s it io n ; secondly, p la c e c e n tre o f b ro a d b a n d a g e o v e r p a d , b r in g b o th e n d s o v e r s h o u ld e r s d o w n in to a rm p it s , a n d tie at b a c k b e tw e e n s h o u ld e r b la d e s ; th ird ly , ta k e a n a rro w b a n d a g e , t h r e a d the e n d s t h ro u g h lo o p s o f first b a n d a g e , a n d tie e n d s in fro n t o n b re a s tb o n e . B y t h is m e th o d the re q u is ite a m o u n t o f p re s s u re c a n be o b ta in e d , a n d p re s s u re on a rt e r ie s o f n e c k a n d w in d p ip e is a v o id e d . Y o u r s u g g e s t io n is a u s e fu l o n e , th o u g h 1 b e lie v e th a t yo u ca n s e c u re th e c o rr e c t a m o u n t o f p r e s s u re b y m e a n s o f the firs t b a n d a g e o n ly , th e s e c o n d b e in g u n n e c e s s a ry a n d lik e ly to c a u s e d is c o m fo rt. O f c o u rs e , y o u r e a lis e ( 1 ) th a t the p re s e n c e o f the k n o t in th e m id d le o f b a c k is a d is a d v a n ta g e , if p a tie n t h a s to be k e p t ly in g o n h is b a c k ; a n d (2 ) th a t y o u c a n n o t tie off k n o t o n p a d a s is u s u a lly re c o m m e n d e d .— N . C . F . T r eatm en t

o f

In se n sib ility .

J . C . (T u f n e ll P a r k ) : — A m id d le -a g e d m a n (k n o w n to h a v e h e a rt d is e a s e ) s u d d e n ly c o lla p s e d in a T u b e lift. H e w as ta k e n in to fre s h a ir , b u t r a p id ly lo s t c o n s c io u s n e s s a n d c e a se d b r e a t h in g in ten m in u te s. (a) I s t h is a c a s e in w h ic h “ s p e c ia l s i g n s ” a n d “ a r a r e o c c a s io n ” (a s y o u r W h y a n d W herefore te a c h e s ) ju s t if y th e a d m in is t ra t io n o f b r a n d y w h ile th e p a tie n t is u n c o n s c io u s ? ( b) S h o u ld a r t if ic ia l r e s p ir a t io n h a v e b e e n t r ie d ? (1c) W h a t c a n a F ir s t - A id e r do, p re s u m in g d ia g n o s is is c o rr e c t ? (a) T h e S p e c ia l S ig n s fo r b r a n d y a re , b r ie f ly (1) f a i l u r e o f S u p p o r tiv e ^treatment (r e m o v a l o f c a u s e , re c u m b e n t p o s itio n , e tc .); (ii) p r o g r e ssiv e .character o f C ollapse, a s p ro v e d b y S t a n d a rd G u id e s (fa ce , p u ls e , b re a t h in g , e t c .); (Hi) in tro d u ctio n o f S p e cia l P o is o n (e .g ., s n a k e v e n o m ); a n d (iv) absence o f M e d ic a l A i d in s p it e o f h o n e st a tte m p ts to s e c u re sam e . I n t h is c a s e , th e firs t, s e c o n d , a n d (p re s u m a b ly the fo u rth in d ic a t io n s w e re p re se n t. F u r t h e r , th e c o n t r a - in d ic a t io n s — H s e m o rrh a g e a n d H e a d in ju r ie s — w ere a b se n t. T h e r e fo re , y o u r s u g g e s te d d o se o f b r a n d y w o u ld , in m y o p in io n , h a v e b e en g o o d tre a tm e n t, p r o v id e d p a tie n t w a s c o n s c io u s a n d a b le to s w a llo w , th o u g h it w o u ld not h a v e s a v e d th e m a n ’s life. ( b) C e s s a t io n o f r e s p ir a t io n is th e in d ic a t io n fo r a r t if ic ia l r e s p ir a t io n , a n d a b s e n c e o f s ig n s o f o b s t ru c tio n , p re s s u re , etc., is n o a rg u m e n t a g a in s t its use . U n d e r th e se c ir c u m s t a n c e s , it w o u ld c e r t a in ly be e x c e lle n t tre a tm e n t fo r a F ir s t - A id e r to c o m m e n c e a c tio n w ith o u t d e la y a n d to p e rs e v e re u n t il the a r r iv a l o f a d o c to r w ho is the o n ly com petent ju d g e o f the sig n s o f death. (c) A n e x a c t d ia g n o s is (h o w e v e r g r a t if y in g it m a y be to a k e e n s tu d e n t) is n o t r e q u ire d in o r o r e s s e n t ia l to F ir s t - A id . T h e r e f o re , y o u m u st a p p ly th e G e n e r a l R u le s o f In s e n s ib ilit y (T e x t b o o k pp. 127 to 149). T h e s e a re b a se d on s y m p to m s o n ly a n d m u st be m o d ifie d in a c c o r d a n c e w ith v a r ia t io n s p re se n t a n d the P r in c ip le s o f F ir s t - A id . - N . C . F.

February, 19 1 8

— F I R S T

127

AID. —

for

t d

N u rses'

W ear

Section is devoted entire ly to the sup p ly of e verything that is necessary to the outfitting o f Profes sional and V .A .D . N urses. W e are appointed by the St. Jo h n A m bulan ce Brigade and B ritish Red C ross Society, by whom m aterials and patterns are approved. W e''w elcom e enquiries as” a com plim ent to ourundoubted sphere of usefulness. Red Cross Regulation Apron, in stout apron cloth, linen finish. Lengths 34, 36, 38 and 40 .. 2/0 Regulation Sletves, fine cambric 8 4 . pair

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— F I R S T

128

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THE

-----

AM BU LAN CE

GAZETTE.

Edited by ARTHUR B. DALE. No. 2 8 5 . — V o l . X X I V

NOTICE

MARCH,

««w

1918

Haii.\

by bearers trained

READERS.

[2/6 pP^ ICaENNum°postCEf RBej

the

medical

department

army in the time of peace; in civil

of the

life the training of

F I R S T A ID is published on the a o t h of e a c h m o n th . T he A n n u a l Sub scriptio n is a s. 6d. post free ; single copies 2 d.

the bearers was left to members of the

sion under the direction of civil ambulance

bodies.

military work the medical

out

department

medical

sent

profes In

trained

men under its control to bring in the wounded,

but

civil life, surgeons and physicians waited for the injured

to be brought to the hospitals, but took no responsibility

Subscriptions, A dvertisem ents and other business Com m unications connected w ith F I R S T A I D should be forwarded to the Publishers,

no part in the training *or

D ALE,

REYN O LDS 46 , C

annon

C O .,

L t d .,

S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E . C . 4.

or control for how or in what state the injured were to be brought to them.

Universities and medical schools took teaching

first-aid

bearers

or ambulance workers.

First aid, as now known, was a

special

surgical

branch

of the

art,

and

those

the

medical profession who wished to take it up had to

Telegraphic A ddress: “ Twenty-four, London." Telephone No. 3 4 7 7 Bank.

beyond their schools

acquire

the

sary in either the practice or the

knowledge

teaching

neces

the

art.

As a profession we shut our eyes to the condition of the

EDITORIAL

wounded in the streets and took no care,

for

instance,

to prevent the simple fracture from becoming compound TO

OUR

READERS.

and septic.” Sir James Cantlie then went on to say we want the

For a lon g t im e w e ha ve f o u g h t a g a in st W a r c o n

best appliances,

the

best

ditions, bu t w e now find it n e ce s s a r y to increa se t h e

physicians and surgeons

price of

“ FIRST A I D ”

April issue.

to 3d., com m encin g w it h the

T h e g r e a t r e s tr i c t io n s and cost of paper,

etc., t h a t w e, in com m on w i t h

m a n y other im porta nt

papers ha ve for t h e tim e be ing to endure, to m a ke t h i s tem porary.

alte ration,

c om pels us

w h ic h w e hope will on ly be

W e a s k e v e r y reader to s ta n d by us during

quite

agree

this

take

and

the

our

matter

statement,

always maintained that the medical

for

The Principles and Practice of Ambulance Work.

C a n tlie ,

the

veteran

the S.J.A.A. that the many them to render able

assistance

The more

the medical and nursing schools do

men who

that a medical man becomes interested

London

the

Principles and Practice of Ambulance the

injured persons as speedily as possible,

from the battle front to the base, or from

the

mov either

factory,

First aid as it

is ought

impart

facilities

will

Unfortunately

not

before a meeting of the members of the of

the

a fellow worker in

medical

ject in their curriculum, and

Medical Society

was

thousands of workers in all

ambulance work, read a paper) recently

Work, which he defined as ing of

have

fields of industry have acquired the knowledge, enabling

the layman have in receiving instruction. Jam es

hand.

profession

instruction in ambulance work the greater S ir

foremost in

backbone of ambulance work, and it is due to them and

case of accident.

t h is stress.

with

teachers,

take

is only by in

the

sub

coincidence the

subject.

taught, was not in the

stage of the little knowledge which is a dangerous thing. It was. Sir James said, a definite part of medicine and complete in its limitation and its purpose. we

welcome

the suggestion

that

the

That is why

medical

schools

the harvest field, or the street to the hospital:—

should give their students a training in the subject,

“ In military ambulance work the injured man was moved

we feel sure it would benefit the whole community.

for

130

— FIRST J h e Grand 3*riorg of the 6 r d tr of the h o sp ita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Stigland. AM BULANCE

The S t.

Jo h n

DEPARTMENT.

.Ambulance S rigade.

DISTRICT- ORDERS. D epu ty

C o m m issio n e r

W IN N Y .

A P R I L , 1918. S u n d a y D u t y , S t. P a u l’s C a t h e d ra l. S u n d a y , 7 t h .— N o . 3 0 D iv is io n , E a s t L o n d o n . „ 1 4 th .— N o . 3 3 „ B e rm o n d s e y a n d W a lw o r t h . „ 21 S t . — N o . 3 7 „ G r e a t W e s t e r n R a ilw a y . ,, 2 8 th .— N o . 38 „ L . B . & S .C . R y ., V ic t o r ia . F r o m 2 .3 0 p .m . to 5 .3 0 p .m . K e y fro m S t. J o h n ’s G a te , 2 p.m A IR

R A ID

DUTY.

T h e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r w is h e s to c a ll a tte n tio n to th e e x c e lle n t s e r v ic e s r e n d e r e d b y m e m b e rs o f th e B r ig a d e w h e n b o m b s fe ll o n th e o c c a s io n o f re c e n t a ir r a id s in N o r t h L o n d o n , C e n tra l L o n d o n a n d N o rth -W e st L o n d o n . I n so m e c a s e s the d u t y w a s p e rfo rm e d in c ir c u m s t a n c e s o f e x c e p tio n a l d iffic u lt y , a n d th e m e m b e rs o f the B r ig a d e , r e g a r d le s s o f a ll r is k , d id e v e r y t h in g p o s s ib le fo r th e p a tie n ts . F o r m s h a v e r e c e n t ly b e e n is s u e d to e a c h D iv is io n in o rd e r th a t a m e n d e d lis t s o f a ir r a id w o rk e rs m a y b e p re p a re d . In s o m e c a s e s th e in fo r m a t io n r e q u ir e d w a s fu rn is h e d p ro m p t ly , b u t it is re g re t t e d th a t a n u m b e r o f D iv is io n s a re s t ill la g g in g b e h in d in g iv in g in fo rm a t io n w h ic h it s h o u ld b e p o s s ib le to f u r n is h w ith o u t m u c h tro u b le . T o f a c ilita t e th e w o rk at H e a d q u a r t e r s , it is h o p e d th a t a d d it io n a l r e m in d e rs w ill n o t be n e c e ssa ry . T h e r e is s t ill n e e d fo r m o re a s s is t a n c e fro m m e m b e rs o f th e B r ig a d e , a n d it is h o p e d th a t n o m e m b e r, w h o c a n p o s s ib le r e n d e r h e lp , w ill f a il to s e n d in h is o r h e r n a m e at o n c e to H e a d q u a r t e r s , t h r o u g h t h e ir D iv is io n a l O ffic e r. B R IG A D E

RETURNS.

T h e C h ie f C o m m is s io n e r is d e s ir o u s th a t th e A n n u a l R e p o r t b e in r e a d in e s s a s s o o n a s p o s s ib le . T h e r e a re s t ill so m e D iv is io n s w h o d e la y th e ir A n n u a l R e t u r n s y e a r a fte r y e a r, a d d in g g r e a t ly to th e w o rk o f th e H e a d q u a r t e r S ta ff, a n d r e n d e r in g it im p o s s ib le to fu r n is h a c o m p le te re p o rt . I t is h o p e d th a t th e se D iv is io n s w ill m a k e a s p e c ia l e ffo rt to s e n d in t h e ir B . F . l ’s, etc., a n d t h e ir D iv is io n a l B o o k s to H e a d q u a r t e r s a s e a r ly a s p o s s ib le . M O TO R

D R IV E R S .

I n o r d e r th a t th e M o t o r A m b u la n c e p re s e n te d b y the S h o w m e n ’s G u ild to the N o . 1 D is t r ic t m a y be a v a ila b le w h e n r e q u ir e d fo r u se , it is d e s ir a b le th a t th e re s h o u ld b e a d d it io n a l d r iv e r s fo r it. M e m b e r s o f A m b u la n c e D iv is io n s w h o c a n d r iv e a F o r d C a r , a n d g e t to St. J o h n ’s G a t e q u ic k ly in c a s e o f e m e r g e n c y , w ill b e v e r y w e lc o m e , a n d if a ro s te r o f d u t y c a n b e p r e p a r e d , it w ill n o t be n e c e s s a r y to c a ll o n a n y o n e d r iv e r s o fre q u e n t ly . (S ig n e d ) W . H . W I N N Y ,

Deputy-Commissioner. H e a d q u a r t e r s :— S t. J o h n ’s G a te , C le r k e n w e ll, E . C . IM P O R T A N T

N O T IC E .

D iv is io n a l S e c r e t a r ie s a re re q u e s te d w h e n s e n d in g n e w s p a p e r c u t t in g o f t h e ir m e e tin g s, etc., to g iv e th e d a te o f p u b li c a t io n o f th e n e w s p a p e rs .— E d i t o r .

H a m p s t e a d . — A n in t e re s tin g in n o v a t io n in the t r a in in g o f t h is D iv is io n h a s b e e n m a d e t h is y e a r, m e m b e rs b e in g e n c o u r a g e d to re a d p a p e r s o n t h e ir e x p e rie n c e s . S o f a r we h a v e h a d p a p e r s o n C iv ilia n , N a v a l a n d M ilit a r y d u tie s .

A I D. -

Marc h,

.8.

O n J a n u a r y 4th C o r p o r a l O w e n , n o w a s e n io r s ic k b e rth a tte n d a n t, a d d re s s e d th e D iv is io n o n th e t ra n s p o rt o f n a v a l p a tie n t s a n d t h e ir r o u t in e tre a tm e n t a fte r a r r iv a l in h o s p ita l. H e d e ta ile d th e m a n y w a y s in w h ic h th e b r ig a d e t r a in in g h a d h e lp e d h im in h is n e w d u tie s . C o r p o r a l O w e n is s t ill o n s e r v ic e , a n d g a v e a m o st c le a r, in s t r u c t iv e a n d in t e re s tin g d is co u rs e . O n F e b r u a r y 6 th C o r p o r a l M o r e la n d o p e n e d a d is c u s s io n o n “ D is c r im in a t io n in F ir s t A id , ” illu s t r a t in g h is s u b je c t b y p e rs o n a l e x p e rie n c e s in c iv il w o r k a n d in th e S p e c ia l C o n s ta b u la r y . O n e in t e re s tin g p o in t ra is e d w a s th e lin e o f a c tio n to be a d o p te d w h e n a c a s e is a lr e a d y b e in g tre a te d b y a t ra in e d a m b u la n c e m a n . T h i s g a v e ris e to m u c h d is c u s s io n , a n d w a s u lt im a t e ly re fe rre d to D r . C o rb e t F le t c h e r , w h o se d e c is io n w a s p u b lis h e d in th e Q u e r y c o lu m n o f F e b r u a r y is s u e o f F i r s t A id .

O n F e b r u a r y 2 6th P r iv a t e F o w le s (w h o w a s h e a r t ily w e l co m e d o n h is re tu rn a fte r 3 ! y e a r s ’ s e r v ic e in R . A . M . C . ) re a d a p a p e r o n h is e x p e rie n c e s in th e M ilit a r y H o m e H o s p it a ls . D u r in g h is term o f s e r v ic e h e h a d b e e n e n g a g e d u p o n th e p r e p a r a t io n o f a u x ilia r y m ilit a r y h o s p ita ls , th e re c e p tio n o f p a tie n ts a n d t h e ir s u b s e q u e n t tre a tm e n t, a n d w a s th e re fo re w e ll q u a lifie d to d e a l w ith th e s u b je c t O n e m o st in t e re s tin g fa c t h e re p o rte d w a s th a t, w h e n h e jo in e d u p a t M illb a n k H o s p it a l the R . A . M . C . s ta ff m a rc h e d o ff th e s q u a re , a n d w a s im m e d ia t e ly r e p la c e d b y m e m b e rs o f th e St. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e , a ll o f them v o lu n t e e rs . T h i s c le a r ly d e m o n s tra te d th a t the B r ig a d e h a s b e e n tru e to its o b je c ts o f fo rm a tio n , a n d h a s t ra in e d a b o d y o f m e n d u r in g p e a ce a s a re s e rv e fo r the r e g u la r m ilit a r y a n d n a v a l m e d ic a l s e r v ic e s in tim e o f w a r. F u r t h e r p a p e rs w ill fo llo w la te r, b u t o u r n e x t item o f in s tru c t io n is a p u b lic c o u rs e o f le c tu re s o n “ H o m e H y g ie n e ,” w h ic h s ta rts o n T u e s d a y , A p r i l 16 th , a n d a re o p e n to b o th m e n a n d w o m e n , w h e th e r m e m b e rs o f th e B r ig a d e o r not. F o r p a r t ic u la r s a p p ly to S e rg t. N o rw o o d , 5, G a y t o n - r o a d , H a m p ste a d . N o . 7 7 ( U n d e r g r o u n d R a i l w a y s ) D i v i s i o n .— A s the u n d e r g r o u n d r a ilw a y s a re n o w u s e d fo r a ir r a id s h e lte rs , b e in g c o n s id e re d b o m b -p ro o f, th e y a re in c o n s e q u e n c e c ro w d e d d u r in g th e se d a n g e ro u s p e rio d s . T h e N o . 7 7 D iv is io n is n o w tw e lv e m o n th s ’ o ld , a n d a re s u m e o f the d u tie s p e rfo rm e d m a y be in t e re s tin g . U n d e r n o r m a l c o n d it io n s , a c c id e n t s u n fo rt u n a t e ly o c c u r (u n d e r t h is w id e s c o p e the m e m b e rs h a v e d e a lt w ith s u ic id e s a n d b ir t h s ), a n d it is s a t is fa c t o ry to r e c o rd th a t a ll c a s e s r e q u ir in g tre a tm e n t h a v e b e e n c o r r e c t ly d e a lt w ith b y th e m e m b e rs. D u r in g a ir ra id s , B a n k h o lid a y s a n d o th e r s p e c ia l e v e n ts a ll the m e n a re r e q u ir e d fo r d u t y o n th e r a i l w a y s , b u t it is c o n te n d e d th a t a lt h o u g h n o t p e rfo rm in g o u ts id e d u ty , a s s is t a n c e to th e p u b lic is r e n d e re d w h e n n e c e s s a ry , h e n c e th e fu n c t io n s o f th e b r ig a d e a re in effect. O u ts id e d u ty h a s b e e n u n d e rta k e n o n th re e o c c a s io n s d u r in g th e y e a r. D u r in g th is y e a r fo u r s e p a ra te c la s s e s h a v e b e e n u n d e r tu itio n , a n d it is a n t ic ip a t e d th a t a c o n s id e ra b le in c r e a s e to th e d iv is io n w ill re s u lt. S in c e th e d iv is io n h a s b e e n fo rm e d , th e s u p e r in te n d e n t o f the lin e a n d o th e r o ffic e rs o f th e C o m p a n y h a v e t a k e n so m e in te re s t in a m b u la n c e w o rk . A t s ta tio n s w h e re th e re is a n e ffic ie n t s ta ff in firs t a id a n a m b u la n c e b o x is p r o v id e d b y th e C o m p a n y , a u d p r a c t ic a lly a ll s ta tio n s h a v e a s tre tc h e r, b a n d a g e s , etc.

No. 3 District. B i r m i n g h a m . — I t is w ith d e e p re g re t w e h a v e to a n n o u n c e th e d e a th o f D r . T h o m a s N e ls o n , w h o p a s s e d a w a y on M a r c h 4th. T h e la te D r . N e ls o n w a s a n E s q u ir e o f th e O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d , w a s o n e o f th e o r ig in a l m e m b e rs o f th e B ir m in g h a m C e n t re o f th e St. J o h n A m b u la n c e A s s o c ia t io n w h ic h w a s fo rm e d in 1880 : h e w a s a L if e M e m b e r, a n d a m e m b e r o f th e H o n o r a r y M e d ic a l S t a f f o f th e F ir s t A id C o m m itte e . I n 1911 D r . N e ls o n w a s a p p o in te d C o u n t y D ir e c t o r u n d e r th e T e r r it o r ia l F o r c e A s s o c ia t io n fo r V o lu n t a r y A id D e t a c h m e n ts, B ir m in g h a m a n d (p a r t ) W o r c e s t e r s h ir e , a n d in J u ly , 1914, A s s is t a n t C o m m is s io n e r to N o . 3 D is t r ic t (S t. John Am b u la n c e B r ig a d e ).

March, 1918.

— FIRST

S in c e th e fo rm a tio n o f th e C e n t re in B ir m in g h a m a n d th e first A m b u la n c e D iv is io n s , D r . N e ls o n a s s o c ia te d h im s e lf m o st w h o le -h e a rte d ly w ith the w o rk o f the A s s o c ia t io n a n d B r ig a d e , o r g a n is in g a n d c o n d u c t in g c la s s e s in firs t a id , n u r s in g , s a n it a tio n , etc., a r r a n g in g fo r th e p r o v is io n o f a m b u la n c e s in v a r io u s p a rts o f th e to w n ; fo r the t r a in in g o f m e m b e rs , th e o r g a n is a tio n o f a n n u a l c a m p s , c o m p e t it io n s a n d tea m w o rk , d r ill, etc. H e w as r e s p o n s ib le fo r the t r a in in g a n d e q u ip m e n t o f 40 a m b u la n c e m e n fo r s e r v ic e in th e S o u th A f r ic a n W a r . A s C o u n t y D ir e c t o r h e w a s r e s p o n s ib le fo r th e V o lu n t a r y A id D e ta c h m e n t s fo rm e d fro m th e a m b u la n c e a n d n u r s in g d iv is io n s o f th e B r ig a d e u n d e r th e T e r r it o r ia l s c h e m e o f the W a r O ffice. In 1 9 1 4 th e re w e re fo u r W o m e n ’s a n d tw o M e n ’s V . A . D . ’s re a d y fo r d u t y at th e o u t b re a k o f w a r : n o w , in 1918, th e re a re two B r ig a d e C o r p s , A m b u la n c e a n d N u r s in g , a n d the V o lu n ta ry A id D e ta c h m e n t s fo rm e d fro m the m n u m b e r six te e n W o m e n ’s a n d s ix m e n ’s, w ith n e a r ly 2 ,00 0 w o rk e rs . S in c e th e c o m m e n c e m e n t o f th e w a r, th e in c r e a s e o f w o rk has b e en v e r y g re a t ; in a d d it io n to a r r a n g in g f o r the e ffic ie n c y a n d d is c ip lin e o f th e w o rk e rs , D r . N e ls o n , a s C o u n t y D ir e c t o r and C h a ir m a n o f th e J o in t V . A . D . C o m m itte e , w a s r e s p o n s ib le for the lo c a l V . A . D . H o s p it a ls , in c lu d in g th o se at M a lv e r n a n d H a le s o w e n , w ith u p w a rd s o f 1,000 b e d s ; th e R e s t S ta tio n at S n o w H i ll , a c k n o w le d g e d to be th e b e st in th e k in g d o m ; the t ra n s p o rt o f w o u n d e d fro m th e a m b u la n c e t r a in s to h o s p ita ls a n d fro m B a s e H o s p it a l to o th e r d e s t in a tio n s ; th e E n q u ir y D e p a rtm e n t fo r w o u n d e d a n d m is s in g s o ld ie r s , etc. T h e w o rk o f St. J o h n m e m b e rs w ith th e B ir m in g h a m a n d a n d D is t r ic t N u r s in g S o c ie t y w a s o n e in w h ic h D r . N e ls o n took a v e r y k e e n in te re s t. T h e fin a n c ia l s id e o f th e w o rk in v o lv e d the o u t la y o f m a n y th o u s a n d s o f p o u n d s a m o n t h ; th e r e s p o n s ib ilit ie s o f th is, c o m b in e d w ith the c le r ic a l w o rk o f th e v a r io u s d e p a rt m e n ts in a d d itio n to the d u tie s o f a la r g e p riv a t e p ra c t ic e , c a n o n ly 'b e re a lis e d b y th o se w ho w e re a s s o c ia te d w ith D r . N e ls o n in h is w o rk f o r th e s ic k , a n d w o u n d e d a n d s u ffe rin g , h e w a s a lw a y s re a d y to h e lp th o se w h o n e e d e d h is a d v ic e a n d c o u n s e l, a n d h is lo ss is v e r y d e e p ly fe lt b y a ll c la s s e s o f th e C ity . T h e r e is n o d o u b t th a t h is d e v o tio n to d u t y h a s h a s te n e d his d e a th , w h ic h to o k p la c e v e r y s u d d e n ly at h is re s id e n c e at 78, H a g le y - r o a d , E d g b a s t o n ; h e h a d n o t ta k e n e v e n a n h o u r ’s le a ve s in c e th e b e g in n in g o f the w ar. A m e m o r ia l s e r v ic e w a s h e ld at B ir m in g h a m C a t h e d r a l on M a r c h n t h , w h e n re p re s e e t a t iv e s o f m a n y p u b lic b o d ie s w e re p re se n t in c lu d in g S ir J o h n H o ld e r , B a r t. ( K n ig h t o f G r a c e o f the O r d e r ), M r . J . H . R o g e r s (re p r e s e n t in g th e E a r l o f P ly m o u th ), M r . T . H . W o o ls t o n (D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r N o . 3 D is t r ic t ) , a n d M r . A . J . L o w e (r e p re s e n t in g the B .R . C .S . ) . T h e B is h o p o f B ir m in g h a m d e liv e r e d a n e lo q u e n t a d d re s s .

No. 4 District. M a n c h e s t e r . — A m o st e n jo y a b le e v e n in g w a s s p e n t in c o n n e c tio n w ith th e M a n c h e s t e r S p e c ia l C o n s ta b le s N . E (B r a d f o r d ) D iv is io n o n F e b r u a r y 24th. I t to o k th e fo rm o f a s m o k in g c o n c e rt, a t w h ic h a b o u t 50 m e m b e rs w ere p re se n t. T h e a c t in g - s u p e r in t e n d e n t o f th e p o lic e fo r th e E D iv is io n (M r . R . T h o m a s ) p r e s id e d , a n d w a s s u p p o rte d b y th e C o r p s In s p e c t o r o f S to re s ( M r . H . E a s t w o o d ), a n d o th e r g e n tle m e n . M u s ic a l ite m s w e re a d m ir a b ly r e n d e re d b y M e s s r s . E . P ilk in g t o n , D . C r o s s le y a n d H . E a s t w o o d , a n d r e c it a ls o f a v a r ie d c h a r a c t e r w e re g iv e n b y M r. C . A . J o n e s , w h o w e ll s u s ta in e d h is h ig h r e p u t a t io n a s a n e lo c u tio n is t. T h e a c c o m p a n is t w a s M r. J . B a n d f o rd , A . L . C . M . T h e p re s e n t a t io n o f c e rt ific a t e s , v o u c h e r s a n d m e d a llio n s o b ta in e d in the re c e n t e x a m in a tio n w a s m a d e b y th e c h a ir m a n w ho p a id a h ig h t rib u t e to th e S u p e r in te n d e n t , M r . F . E l l i son , w h o fro m its fo rm a tio n in 19 16 h a d u n d e rta k e n the in s tru c tio n o f the c la s s w ith s u c h c o m m e n d a b le re s u lts . P r iz e s w e re a ls o d is t r ib u t e d to th o se m e m b e rs w h o h a d been s u c c e s s fu l in th e In d iv id u a l C o m p e t it io n o r g a n is e d b y the d iv is io n a l o ffic e rs , a n d w h ic h to o k p la c e o n F e b r u a r y 10 th . A m o st p le a s a n t a n d s u c c e s s fu l s o c ia l g a t h e r in g w a s b ro u g h t to a c lo s e b y th e u s u a l v o te s o f t h a n k s a n d th e s in g in g o f th e N a t io n a l A n th e m a b o u t 10 p .m .

AI D. —

No. 5 District. P o n t e f r a c t . — T h e c o r p s c o m m e n c e d th e y e a r w ith 1 1 9 m e m b e rs , a n d the s tr e n g th is n o w 1 3 0 ; o u t o f th e se 1 0 2 a re s e r v in g in th e R . A . M . C . , etc., in c lu d in g th re e o ffic e rs , th re e s e r g e a n ts a n d th re e c o r p o r a ls ; fo u r m e n o f th e c o r p s h a v e b e e n k ille d in a c t io n a n d o n e re p o rt e d m is s in g ; 1 2 h a v e b e e n w o u n d e d , a n d C p l. D . S c o tt h a s w o n th e M ilit a r y M e d a l fo r b r a v e r y o n th e fie ld . D u r in g th e th re e y e a r s o f w a r t h is c o r p s h a s b e e n th e a m e n s o f r a is in g ^ 7 5 0 fo r “ O u r D a y ” R e d C r o s s F u n d s , b e s id e s a b o u t £ 6 0 0 fo r o th e r A m b u la n c e a n d R e d C r o s s w o rk .

No. 6 District. H U L L .— T h e S t. J o h n V . A . D . H o s p it a l at H u ll , w h ic h is sta ffe d b y the m e m b e rs of th e N u r s in g D iv is io n a n d V . A . D . , is o n e o f th e fin e s t a u x ilia r y h o s p it a ls in th e c o u n t r y , it h a s a c c o m m o d a t io n fo r 4 5 0 p a tie n t s a n d is e q u ip p e d w ith e v e r y m o d e rn a p p lia n c e . L a d y N u n b u r n h o lm e is th e c o m m a n d a n t, a n d sh e ta k e s a d e e p in t e re s t in it, w h ile M r . K . W a t e r h o u s e is q u a r t e r m a s t e r a n d M is s H a in e r is th e m a tro n . L o r d F r e n c h o p e n e d th e h o s p it a l in A p r i l la s t y e a r, a n d it h a s h a d m a n y d is t in g u is h e d v is it o r s , in c lu d in g th e K in g a n d Q u e e n .

No. 11 District. I p s w i c h , — M is s M a r y C o u lc h e r , o n e o f th e r e c ip ie n t s o f the O r d e r o f the B r it is h E m p ir e , a tte n d e d at B u c k in g h a m P a la c e o n F e b r u a r y 20th fo r th e in v e s t it u re . U p o n h e r t e t u r n to Ip s w ic h M is s C o u lc h e r w a s m et at th e r a ilw a y s ta tio n b y r e p re s e n ta tiv e d e ta c h m e n ts o f o ffic e rs a n d n u r s e s o f th e I p s w ic h N u r s in g C o r p s , u n d e r th e s u p e r in t e n d e n c e o f D r . W . F . F r y e r , M is s E m w o r t b , S u p ts . G . C u r t is , J . P a w s e y , T . D a m a n t , a n d W . R a m s e y , a n d 1st O ffic e rs R . A . E l l i s a n d A . C . H i ll . B o u q u e ts w e re p re s e n te d to M is s C o u lc h e r fro m th e M a tr o n a n d S is t e rs o f B r o a d w a t e r H o s p it a l a n d fro m th e N u r s in g C o rp s. S u b s e q u e n t ly M is s C o u lc h e r w a s c o n g r a t u la t e d a t th e A m b u la n c e H a ll b y D r . F r y e r o n b e h a lf o f th e o ffic e rs a n d m e n o f th e S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e , a n d a ll p re s e n t w e re g iv e n th e p r iv ile g e o f e x a m in in g the e m b le m o f in v e s t it u r e . B e fo re le a v in g th e h a ll M is s C o u lc h e r t h a n k e d the c o m p a n y fo r the h e lp th e y h a d g iv e n a n d th e w o r k th e y w e re n o w d e v o t in g to a c a u s e s h e h a d s o m u c h at h e a rt.

No. 12 (Irish) District. O n M a r c h 2 n d a “ s o c ia l ” w a s h e ld in c o n n e c tio n w ith th e C it y o f D u b lin C o r p s o f th e B r ig a d e in St. A n d r e w ’s H o t e l, E x c h e q u e r - s t r e e t , D u b lin , a t 8 o’c lo c k p.m . T h e f u n c t io n w a s h o n o u r e d b y th e p re s e n c e o f th e D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r ( D r . L u m s d e n ), M r s . L u m s d e n , a n d M is s N o r a h L u m s d e n , a ls o M r s . S le a th G e n t ( P r in c e o f W a le s ’ C o r p s , L o n d o n ). T h e f o l lo w in g m e m b e rs o f th e d is t r ic t a n d c o rp s w e re p re s e n t :— M r . W . G . S m ith ( D is t r i c t S u p e r in t e n d e n t ) a n d M r s . S m ith , M is s E l l a W e b b ( L a d y D is t r ic t S u p e r in te n d e n t ) a n d D is t r ic t O ffic e r M is s B la n d fo r d , M r . J a m e s H . W e b b (C o r p s S u p e r in t e n d e n t ) a n d M r s . W e b b , M r . R e g . K e a t in g e ( C o r p s S u p e r in t e n d e n t ) a n d M r s . R e g . K e a t in g e , M r s . S h a n k s ( L a d y C o r p s S u p e r in t e n d e n t), a n d M r s . W a t s o n ( L a d y C o r p s O ffic e r). A ft e r th e a d m ir a b ly s e rv e d tea, p r o v id e d b y M is s J o h n sto n , th e p r o p r ie t o r o f th e h o te l, C o r p s S u p e r in t e n d e n t J . H . W e b b c a lle d fo r a w a rm a n d re a l h e a r ty w e lc o m e to th e D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r , w h o h a d ju s t r e t u r n e d fro m F r a n c e , w h ic h w a s c a r r ie d b y a c c la m a t io n . C o r p s S u p e r in t e n d e n t K e a t in g e th e n g a v e a v e r y in t e r e s t in g d e s c r ip t io n o f h is re c e n t v is it to F r a n c e (in c o n n e c tio n w ith R e d C ro s s w o rk ), illu s t r a t e d b y la n te r n s lid e s o f p ic t u re s t a k e n in h o s p it a ls , fir s t a id d r e s s in g s ta tio n s , etc. T h e m u s ic a l p r o g ra m m e w a s s p le n d id ly o r g a n is e d b y L a d y D iv is io n a l S u p e r in t e n d e n t M is s C a m p b e ll, w h o w a s m o st fo rt u n a te in s e c u r in g th e s e r v ic e s o f M is s F lo r e n c e H o w le y , M r . K it t y F a g a n , th e M is s e s D o w s e , M r . A r t h u r L u c a s a n d M r . I r v in e L y n c h , w ith M is s C u o la h a n a s a c c o m p a n is t. T o o m u c h p r a is e c a n n o t b e g iv e n to th e se t a le n t e d a rt is t s fo r the c o m p e te n t w a y in w h ic h th e y s u s t a in e d t h e ir p a r t o f the e n te rta in m e n t.

J32

— F I R S T

AID.

—

March, 1918.

A t th e c lo s e o f th e m u s ic a l p a rt o f th e e v e n in g , D r . L u m s d e n p re s e n te d the “ M id d le t o n C u r t is S h ie ld ” fo r th e m o st e ffic ie n t ly k e p t r e c o r d s o f a d iv is io n fo r the b r ig a d e y e a r — k in d ly p r o v id e d b y th e la te L a d y C o r p s T r e a s u r e r M r s . M id d le t o n C u r t is — w h ic h s h ie ld w a s w o n b y th e C it y of D u b lin N u r s in g D iv is io n , L a d y D iv is io n a l S u p e r in t e n d e n t M is s M o w b ra y . I n m a k in g th e p re s e n t a t io n , D r . L u m s d e n re fe rre d in th e m o st fe e lin g te rm s to th e lo s s th e b rig a d e h a d s u ffe re d th ro u g h th e d e a th o f M r s . M id d le t o n C u r t is , w h o h a d b e e n o n e o f the firs t w o r k e r s in Ir e la n d in c o n n e c tio n w ith the b rig a d e . M r. G e r a ld C u r t is , w h o w a s p re s e n t, o ffe re d , o n b e h a lf o f h im s e lf a n d h is b ro th e r , a T r o p h y in m e m o ry o f t h e ir m o th e r— to be c o m p e te d fo r a n n u a lly b y th e n u r s in g d iv is io n s o f th e b rig a d e . A m e d a l w a s p re s e n te d to S e rg t. T u g w e ll (M e s s r s . W . a n d R . J a c o b ’s & C o .’s D iv is io n ) fo r c o n s p ic u o u s c o u ra g e a n d b r a v e r y d u r in g th e In s u r r e c t io n o f 1916. S e re t. T u g w e ll h a s ju s t re tu r n e d fro m R u s s ia , w h e re h e w a s e n g a g e d in R e d C ro s s w o rk . T h e D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r re tu rn e d t h a n k s to the a rt is t s fo r t h e ir S e r v ic e s , a n d to M r s . S h a n k s , L a d y C o r p s S u p e r in te n d e n t, fo r the th o ro u g h m a n n e r in w h ic h th e a rra n g e m e n t s o f th e s o c ia l f u n c t io n w e re c a r r ie d out.

d is t r ic t w e re p re s e n t, a m o n g s t w h o m w e re s e v e ra l m e m b e rs o f th e d is t r ic t staff. T h e P r im a t e o f Ir e la n d , th e M o s t R e v . D r . C ro z ie r , w a s th e p re a c h e r , a n d in d e a lin g w ith th e w a r h e e x h o rt e d h is h e a r e rs to b e a r w ith o u t m u r m u r in g th e p e tty h a r d s h ip s a n d p r iv a t io n s t h e y w e re c a lle d u p o n to e n d u re , a n d to re m e m b e r w h a t th e m e n a n d w o m e n fig h t in g a n d w o r k in g in th e w a r zo n e s h a d to face . T h e p a ra d e o f m e n a n d n u rs e s in th e c h u r c h g r o u n d s at th e c o n c lu s io n o f th e s e rv ic e w a s in c h a r g e o f C o r p s . S u p ts. W e b b a n d K e a t in g e a n d L a d y C o r p s S u p t. M r s . S h a n k s , a n d th e r a n k s w ere in s p e c te d b y th e A c t in g D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r a n d L a d y D is t r ic t S u p t. T h e o ffe rto ry in a id o f th e B r ig a d e w o rk a m o u n te d to o v e r ,£ 5 3 , a n d th e I r i s h D is t r ic t is fu r th e r in d e b te d to th e re c to r, th e R e v . P e r c y P h a ir , w h o h a s fo r so m e y e a rs p a st a rr a n g e d t h is s e r v ic e e a c h y e a r a n d g iv e n m u c h h e lp a n d e n c o u ra g e m e n t, n o t o n ly to th e d iv is io n c o n n e c te d w ith the c h u r c h , L e e s o n P a r k , b u t to th e b r ig a d e a n d its w o r k g e n e ra lly .

T h e fir s t a n n u a l m e e tin g o f th e N o r t h C o . D u b lin N u r s in g D iv is io n w a s h e ld o n M a r c h 4th , in th e St. G e o r g e ’s P a r o c h ia l H a ll. T h e fo llo w in g o ffic e rs w ere p r e s e n t :— D is t r ic t S u rg e o n , L ie u t .- C o l. P r in g le , R . A . M . C . ; D is t r ic t O ffic e r, M is s E . F . B la n fo r d ; C o r p s S u p t-, J a m e s H . W e b b ; L a d y C o r p s S u p t., M r s . S h a n k s ; C o r p s O ffic e r, A . J . M c W illia m ; a n d E . M c D o w e l C o s g r a v e , K n ig h t o f G ra c e , a c te d a s C h a irm a n . T h e c h a ir m a n re a d th e a n n u a l re p o rt, a ft e r w h ic h a c o m p e titio n to o k p la c e b e tw e e n th re e te a m s, w h o s h o w e d t h e ir a b ilit y in r e n d e r in g first a id b y th e k e e n n e s s o f th e co n te st. L ie u t .- C o l. P r in g le a n d C o r p s S u p t. W e b b a c te d a s ju d g e s . N o . 2 te a m c a r r y in g a w a y the p rize . O n e fe a tu re o f th e p r o g r a m m e w a s th e “ D r il l- d o w n ” b y th e N u r s in g S is t e rs u n d e r th e d ir e c t io n o f C o r p s O ffic e r A . J . M c W illia m , w h ic h re s u lte d in a s c o re fo r N u r s in g S is t e r H ig m a n . A d e lig h t f u l m u s ic a l p ro g r a m m e w a s r e n d e re d b y M a d a m A l i c i a K e o g h , M is s E . S t a n fo r d C a m p b e ll, a n d M e s s r s . V in e S a n d e r s o n a n d W . L e w in . A ll th e a rt is t e s w e re h e a r t ily e n c o re d . M r s . M a c D o w e l C o s g r a v e k in d ly d is t r ib u t e d t h e p riz e s , w h ic h in c lu d e d o n e f o r b e s t a tt e n d a n c e d u r in g th e y e a r. T h e o ffic e rs a n d m e m b e rs to o k the o p p o r t u n it y o f p r e s e n t in g th e L a d y S u p t., M is s H a ll, in to k e n o f t h e ir este em a n d a ffe c tio n , w ith a n a d d re s s a n d p re s e n ta tio n , w h ic h to o k th e fo rm o f a g o ld p e a rl a n d t u r q u o is e p e n d a n t. T h e a d d re s s w a s a r t is t ic a lly d e s ig n e d a n d illu m in a t e d . T h e m e e tin g c o n c lu d e d w ith th e s in g in g o f the N a t io n a l A n th e m .

Messrs. Reynolds and Branson, Ltd., of 13, Briggate, Leeds, have placed on the market a se.ies of First Aid Cabinets to meet the requirements of the recent Home Office Order relating to iron works, etc. The one illus

D is t r ic t S u p t. W . G . S m ith h a s ju s t b e e n a p p o in te d H o n o r a r y A s s o c ia t e o f th e O r d e r o f S t. J o h n . H e is th e s e c o n d m e m b e r o f o u r D is t r ic t to re c e iv e th is d e c o r a t io n , the o th e r b e in g D is t r ic t S u rg e o n C a p t a in W a lt e r C . S te v e n s o n , R . A . M . C . M r . S m ith jo in e d the B r ig a d e in 19 0 7, a n d it w a s o w in g to h is e ffo rts th a t a n e x c e lle n t A m b u la n c e D iv is io n w a s s ta rte d in M e s s r s . W . a n d R . J a c o b a n d C o .’s F a c t o r y in D u b lin . M r. S m it h w a s a p p o in t e d D iv is io n a l S u p t. o f th a t D iv is io n in J u ly 19 0 7, C o r p s O ffic e r, N o v e m b e r 19 14, C o r p s S u p t. in A u g u s t 1 9 1 5 , a n d D is t r ic t S u p t. in D e c e m b e r 1915. D u r in g th e S in n F e in R e b e llio n o f 19 16, M r . S m ith a c te d w ith g r e a t g a lla n t r y , a n d w a s a ft e rw a rd s a w a rd e d th e life s a v in g s ilv e r m e d a l o f th e O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m . D u r in g th e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r ’s a b s e n c e in F r a n c e , he f ille d th e p o s it it io n o f A c t in g D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r w ith d is t in c t io n , a n d a s th e C h ie f S t a ff O ffic e r to th e D e p u t y - C o m m is s io n e r h e h a s p ro v e d h im s e lf a m o st a b le o ffice r.

A n in t e r e s t in g p a r a d e s e r v ic e w a s h e ld a t C h r is t C h u r c h , L e e s o n P a r k , D u b lin , o n S u n d a y , F e b r u a r y 3 r d , w h e n o v e r 150 o ffic e rs , m e n a n d n u r s in g s is t e rs o f th e b r ig a d e in th e D u b lin

First Aid Cabinets.

trated herewith contains all the necessary requisites for a Local Dressing Station. Our readers interested in works to which the Home Office Order applies should write Messrs. Reynolds and Branson, Ltd., for their price list.

C h e s te r .—

The report of the Centre for the past year

is of a very satisfactory character.

The St. John’s V.A.D.

had been very much in demand during the year for the care of the wounded soldiers, and that work alone was deserving of the greatest praise to all those who had assisted in such noble work.

The competitions this year had been excel

lent. The silver challenge cup, kindly given by Mr. W. Carstairs Jones, was competed for on the 8th December, and won by St. John V.A.D. No. Team. T he “ Sir Owen Philipp’s ” medal was competed for on the 15th of the same month, and this was won by Mr. J. Carswell. The thanks of the committee were also due to Mr. J. R. Morris for kindly supplying additional medals. The detachment was formed in 1915 with a membership of six or seven men, and to day the total membership of all ranks was 70. Of these 70, 40 held first aid certificates, 28 held medallions 2 4 one or more labels, and 20 the nursing certificate.

March, 1918,

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

133

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE ^ GAZETTE. The Priory for Wales of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. A f t e r 1 1 3 0 (or about that time) when Jordan de Briset gave ten acres of land in Clerkenwell to the Knights of St. fohn, on which to build their Priory, they acquired much property and received a number of Charters conferring on them valuable privileges. There is in the Cathedral Library of Canterbury a document dated 4th November, i 4 8 6 , in which are set out and confirmed Charters of Edward IV, Richard II, Edward III, Edward II, Edward I, and Henry III. T he document itself is of doubtful authenticity, but the previous Charters mentioned in it had undoubtedly existed, though they were probably destroyed by fire when rebels under Wat Tyler destroyed the greater part of the Clerkenwell Priory. In the reign of • Queen Mary, the Order, which had been suppressed by Henry V I I I , was reconstituted by Royal Letters Patent, dated 2nd April, 1557. Queen Elizabeth, however, again seized the property of the Order but did not revoke its Charter, and the English Branch continued to exist in Malta. In the early part of last century the Order was revived in England, and on the 14th May, 18 88 , received a Royal Charter from Queen Victoria. By this Charter no power was given to form Priories, but on the 22nd May, 1 9 0 7 , the necessary powers were obtained, and these have been exercised for the first time to form the Welsh Priory, a step taken by the Duke of Connaught as Grand Prior of the Order as at St. David’s Day last (1st March), Priories of the Order had previously existed at Torphichen in Scotland, and Kilmainham in Ireland, where the Order had several properties. The Priory of Wales now formed is, however, the first that has existed in the Principality, though the Order had possessions there, as is shown by the following list:—

Breconshire. —Llanfigan, Llanvyrnach. Cardiganshire.— Cardigan, Homdon (Cardigan), Llanrhystyd, Moelon, Rhostie, Troed-y-raur, Ystrad-Merie, Llansantffraid. Carmarthenshire.— Cilmaenllwyd,Cilsant, Kidwelly, Esgermaentir, Newcastle Emlyn, Llanllwch. Carnarvonshire.— Permachno. Glamorganshire.— Multon, Penmark, Porth Ceri, Margam, Dinas Powis ; Ilston, Llandimore, Llandrhidian, Lloughor (in Gower); Penkeyte (? Pencoedj; Oxwich, Penmaen, Porteynon, Rhosilly, Walterston (in Gower); Swansea. Pembrokeshire.— Ambleston, Amroth, Lanelau, Llan Deilo, Martltwy, Rosmarket, Rowistick, Slebech, Stremenrick, East Walton, Wiston (Castel Gwrys), Templeton, ’’•olgenwol (Yspythy Ifan), Claresbeston, Minwear, Alleston, Boulston, Canaston, Cuffern, Haverfordwest, Letterston, Llanfair-nant-ygof, Merryborough, Merthyr Kinlas (Malhry), Newport, Prendergast, Redberth, Rinaston, Rudbaxton, S. Lawrence, Stackpole, Stokeburgia, near Llawhaden, Ozmaston, Bury. Radnorshire.— Llanvihangel-nant-melan. County not identified.— Benegerdon, Betmenon, Blakedon, Bocchinfeild, Burlake, Dolbryvaur, Garlandston, Ros (Castle of), Sarnnelay, Welsh Hook, Willanvel, Woodstock.

Most of the properties were under the governance of the chief house, which was situated at Slebech in Pem brokeshire. This was a Preceptory, in charge of the sub ordinate houses, and returning the profits to Headquarters at Clerkenwell. The unsettled state of the Principality is illustrated in a Return of 1338, in which the Preceptor, John de Frouwyck, charges the expenses of servants and adds : “ And for the many others who come in from Wales in great numbers and are great wasters and a heavy burden.” He also claims : “ Payment to two of the magnates of Wales, for maintaining and protecting the bailiwick against the highway robbers and malefactors of the countryside of Wales, who are fierce in those parts ; to wit, Richard Penres, 40 shillings and to Stephen Perot 40 shillings.” The total receipts are returned at ^ 3 0 7 ts. io£d., and the expenses as ^ 1 4 1 2s. 7d,, showing that there was a substantial balance to send to the Grand Priory at Cletkenwell and thence to headquarters in Rhodes. In the Library of the Order at St. John’s Gate, is an original deed of the 15th century, being a grant from the Bishop and Chapter of Bangor to the Hospital of Jerusalem of the Church of Permachno at Dolgenwo), also known as Yspythy Ifan (the Hospital of St. John). With the exception of the ancient churches, of which the Order held the avowsons, antiquarian relics of the Hospitallers in Wales are very scarce. At Slebech there are still interesting/emains, and in the manor house along twohanded sword, found upon the site, is preserved. The theory put forward by some authorities that this sword was used for conferring the accolade upon Knights of the Order is untenable, as such Knights were made, except at the Headquarters of the Order or at a Grand Priory. Never theless, the weapon is a fine example of the skill of the 13th century amourer. Tne Prince of Wales, whom the King made a Knight of Justice of the Order last year, has consented to be the first Prior of the Welsh Priory, and the Grand Prior of the Order has appointed as the Executive Officers of the Priory, to hold office for three years :— T h e R t. H o n . th e E a r l o f P ly m o u t h , C .B . ( K n ig h t o f J u s t ic e ) , S u b - P r io r fo r W a le s . S ir O w e n P h ilip p s , K . C . M . G . , M .P . ( K n ig h t o f J u s t ic e ) , A c t in g S u b - P r io r fo r W a le s . T h e B is h o p o f St. D a v id s , C h a p la in fo r W a le s . T h e E a r l o f P o w is ( K n ig h t o f G ra c e ), B a ilif f o f S ;. D a v id s . L o r d M o s t y n ( K n ig h t o f J u s t ic e ), H o n o r a r y B a ilif f f o r W a le s . T h e R t . H o n . D a v id L lo y d G e o rg e , M . P , C h a n c e llo r fo r W a le s . T h e H o n . M r . J u s t ic e S a n k e y , G . B . E . , V ic e - C h a n c e llo r fo r W a le s . C o l. S ir W a t k in W illia m s - W y n n , B a r t ., H o n . T r e a s u r e r fo r W a le s . L ie u t .- C o l. T h o m a s W a lla c e , M .D . ( H o n . S e r v in g B r o t h e r ), T r e a s u r e r fo r W a le s . M r. L e o lin F o r e s t ie r - W a lk e r , H o n . D ir e c t o r fo r W a le s o f S t J o h n A m b u la n c e A s s o c ia t io n . T h e R t . H o n . T h o m a s R ic h a r d s , M .P ., D ir e c t o r fo r W a le s o f S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e A s s o c ia t io n . L ie u t .- C o l. D a v id D a v ie s , M .P ., H o n o r a r y A lm o n e r fo r W a le s . C o l. J . A r n a u lt J o n e s , M .D . ( K n ig h t o f G r a c e ), A lm o n e r fo r W a le s . L o r d K e n y o n , K . C . V . O . , R e g is t r a r fo r W a le s .

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T h e R t . H o n . E l l i s J . G riffit h , K .C ., M .P ., S t a n d in g C o u n s e l. M r . H u g h M . In g le d e w , H o n o r a r y S o lic it o r . M r . H e r b e r t L e w is ( K n ig h t o f G r a c e ), P r in c ip a l S e c r e t a r y a n d C o m m is s io n e r fo r W a le s .

The objects of the Priory, subject to the jurisdiction of the Grand Prior and the Chapter-General of the Order, are :— I . — T h e e n c o u ra g e m e n t a n d p ro m o tio n o f a ll w o r k s o f h u m a n it y a n d c h a r it y in th e r e lie f o f s ic k n e s s d is t r e s s , s u ffe r in g a n d d a n g e r w ith o u t d is t in c t io n o f ra c e c la s s o r c re e d , a n d th e e x t e n s io n o f th e g re a t p r in c ip le o f the O r d e r “ P r o U t ilit a t e H o m in u m .” II. - — A id in g th e s ic k p o o r a s b y p r o v id in g th e c o n v a le s c e n t o u t -p a t ie n ts o f p u b lic h o s p it a ls a n d d is p e n s a r ie s w ith d ie ts p r e s c r ib e d b y th e m e d ic a l o ffic e rs a n d v is it in g th e m at t h e ir h o m e s d u r in g th e p e rio d o f s ic k n e s s the f o u n d a t io n a n d m a in te n a n c e o f c o tta g e h o s p it a ls a n d c o n v a le s c e n t h o m e s a n d t r a in in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s fo r n u rs e s to a tte n d the s ic k p o o r. M a k in g p r o v is io n fo r th e c a r e a n d w e lfa re o f w o u n d e d o r d is a b le d s a ilo r s a n d s o ld ie rs . I I I . — T h e p ro m o tio n o f a m o re in t im a t e a c q u a in ta n c e w ith th e w a n ts o f th e p o o r in tim e o f s ic k n e s s a n d th e s u p p ly in g o f s u c h in fo r m a t io n a s m a y u s e fu lly a id th e p r o p e r a u t h o r it ie s in th e p ro s e c u t io n ;o f m e a s u re s fo r th e im p ro v e m e n t o f th e lo c a lit ie s a n d h o u se s in h a b it e d b y th e p o o r. I V . — T h e o r g a n is a t io n o f a id to th e s ic k a n d w o u n d e d in w a r a n d th e p r o m o tio n in th e P r in c ip a lit y o f s u c h p e r m a n e n t o r g a n is a t io n d u r in g th e tim e o f p e a c e a s m a y be at o n c e a v a ila b le u p o n th e o c c u rr e n c e o f a n y n e c e s s it y fo r a c t iv e e x e rtio n . V . — B r in g in g to th e n o t ic e o f th e O r d e r a n y s p e c ia l s e r v ic e s in th e c a u s e o f h u m a n it y e s p e c ia lly fo r th e s a v in g o f life a t im m in e n t p e r s o n a l r is k a s th e C h a p t e r o f the P r io r y fo r W a le s m a y d e e m w o rt h y o f re c o g n it io n b y the O rd e r. V I . — T h e m a in te n a n c e a n d d e v e lo p m e n t o f th e a c t iv i tie s a n d w o r k o f the St. J o h n A m b u la n c e A s s o c ia t io n a n d th e St. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e a s e s t a b lis h e d a n d c o n tro lle d b y th e O r d e r , a n d s u c h o th e r d e p a rtm e n ts a n d w o rk a s m a y b e fro m tim e to tim e e s t a b lis h e d a n d c o n tr o lle d b y th e O r d e r .

T he Chapter of the Priory will consist of the Executive Officers of the Priory and of all the Knights of Justice, not more than six Knights of Grace, three Esquires, and teD other Members or Honorary Associates of the Order resident in Wales, or of Welsh descent or association. The Chapter will meet on St. David’s Day and at other times when neces sary, and will from time to time submit to the Prior as Members or Associates or Serving Brothers or Serving Sisters of the Priory for Wales such persons professing the Christian faith as the Chapter may think fit. The candi date must merit admission either for work done for the Order or its Departments or the Priory of Wales or by a persistent course of attachment to its objects. In the latter case the candidate’s admission shall rest upon the expectasion that under the guidance of the Priory for Wales, he or she will continue to carry out in his or her life, and con duct those principles which actuated him or her before admission. T he admission of candidates to the Priory for Wales will not constitute admission to the Order, but they will be styled Members, Associates, Serving Brothers or Sister of the Priory for Wales. Every Member or Honorary Associate of the Order who is resident in the Principality or is of Welsh descent, or association, may become a Member of the Priory for Wales on signifying to tho Principal Secretary for Wales, Herbert Lewis, Esq., 46, Charles-street, Cardiff, by notice, in writing, his desire to become a Member thereof. Any question as to what constitutes Welsh residence, descent or association will, in case of doubt, be determined by the Chapter.

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No doubt those who are qualified to join the Priory will seize the opportunity afforded to them and by their active support contribute to the usefulness and prosperity of the first St. John Priory in Wales, and also the first established by the revived English Branch of the old Hospitaller Order.

The Genesis of the Indian Branch of the 5.J.A.A. By

L i e u t . - C o l . A. C . Y A T E , F.R.G.S., F.R.Hist.Soc.

(Continued from page 120.) A n e r a in the progress of the Indian Branch was marked

when H .R .H . the Duke of Connaught came to India for the Durbar of 1902-03. On the 24th of February, 1903, His Royal Highness distributed certificates to qualified members of the St. John Ambulance Association in Bom bay, and afterwards addressed these words to the Bombay Centre and to India “ Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,— Before I left England the Grand Master of the Order, the Prince of Wales, asked me if I would take the opportunity of showing the interest he takes— and I take— in the St. John Ambulance work ; and I had an interview with Colonel Yate at Delhi, when it was arranged that I might have the opportunity here at Bombay, with the permission of His Excellency the Governor, of meeting those who were do ing such good work on the part of the St. John Ambulance Association and of presenting certificates. You have all heard the report which has been read by the General Officer commanding the Bombay Army, and I am very pleased to .see that Sir Robert Low takes so very deep an interest in the promoting of this good work. I am certain the Bombay Centre is very grateful for the great interest shown by his Exceilency the Governor and Lady Northcote in the work, which is still in its infancy, but which will, I hope, spread far and wide throughout India. T o those gentlemen I desire to express my grateful appreciation of the time they have given up to this work, and of the excel lent results that have already attended their endeavours. Help to those who through accident are momentarily in capacitated and who for immediate aid may not be able to get the attendance of a medical officer, is of such import ance, that I am certain that in a country like India, where there is great humanitarian feeling, people will readily respond to the endeavours which are being made by the St. John Ambulance Association to promote its objects, and teach those who are mostly brought into contact with passengers and others how to render the requirements of first aid. Such people are naturally the police and employees of the railways, and I am very much pleased to see that the Commissioner of the Bombay Police and the Bombay and Baroda Railway have so largely taken up this work, and that already two of the police have been able to put to practical test the great advantages of first aid, by which two boys taken out of the sea almost dead were able to be restored to animation. “ Ladies and gentlemen, this is a special work in which ladies can do a great deal, and I am sure that the kindly interest taken by ladies, both British and Native, in this work, will largely promote its propagation throughout the

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country. Bombay has taken a leading part in the St. John Ambulance work, and, considering that it is only two years since it was fairly started, I may say I am immensely struck with and very much pleased to see what has already been done. We hope it is not going to remain in Bombay alone, but that all parts of India will take this work up and will recognise its utility and its humanitarian influences. It is not so long since this work was started in England, but the way in which it has spread within the last twenty-four years is marvellous. I do not know what we should have done in the late war in South Africa had it not been for the assist ance given by the bearer companies who went out from the Ambulance Association, and who were able to assist the Royal Army Medical Corps in their onerous duties. Let me assure you, ladies and gentlemen, that not only I, but Her Royal Highness also, who has come here to-day, takes the deepest interest in this work. I wish it every possible success, and I hope that our coming here to-day will show you the very practical interest we take in the work, which we are sure is only it its infancy in India, and which will, we hope, spread amongst all nationalities and among all creeds, and that as time goes on there will not be a town or village in India which cannot count among its inhabitants someone who has obtained the St. John Ambulance cer tificate.” When His Royal Highness saw me at Delhi, one thing he said remains fixed on my memory. Possibly I expressed some little disappointment at the slowness of progress, for he replied: “ It took twenty-five years to make progress in England. You must make India perhaps even a more liberal allowance,” In less than fourteen years from the start India was ready for the great war. It was not till 1898 that the bureaucrats of the War Office dis covered the virtues of St. John’s gate, which had been at work since the early seventies, under the directorship, as already mentioned, of Surgeon-Major Manley, V.C., and Colonel Duncan, M.P. As early as 1904 I made to the Government of India the offer of sending an ambulance contingent to Japan, then at war with Russia. It remains to say a few words about the transfer of my duties as Honorary Organising Commissioner, under the orders of Viceroy, on the 31st March, 1905, to a Committee of which Lord Kitchener most kindly accepted the chair manship. Deeming it wise to take time by the forelock, I wrote on the 12th of April, 1904, to the Viceroy’s private secretary and asked if His Excellency would approve of the formation of a Central^Committee of the Indian Branch of the St. John Ambulance Association. The reply, dated 27th April, was as follows :— “ Your letter of April 12th has been laid before the Viceroy, who has given it his careful consideration. His Excellency desires me to say in reply that, as he is just returning to England, he cannot undertake at present to arrange for the constitution of a Committee, and that it would be undesirable that you should, yourself, take any steps to constitute it in his absence.” The command of a regiment and the management of a branch of the St. John Ambulance Association which had already formed 14 Provincial and Native States Centres did not let time hang heavily on my hands. Among those who came forward during 1904 to support the ambulance cause may be mentioned Sir James Digges La Touche, Lieut.-Governor of the United Provinces, Mr. Orange, the Director-General of Education, Colonel Brown Synge Hutchinson, V.C., of the 14th Hussars ; Colonel Simlette, I.M.S., the Residency Surgeon at H.H. the Nizam’s capital, and Colonel (now General Sir John) Nixon. This

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was before the days when the Viceroy looked out upon the work of the Indian Branch and saw that it was good and forthwith -.— Arinuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum The men who helped me in 1901-05 did not wait for the Viceregal nod.

(T o be concluded).

The Present S tate of Preparation for Relief Service of the Red Cross Society of Japan. Contributed through M rs. R. J. B L A C K H A M , Lady of Grace of the Order of St. John, a Member of the Japanese Red Cross. I.— R e h e f Corps. There are 126 Relief Detachments consisting of trained nurses, 29 Detachments consisting of trained attendants (male), and 2 hospital ships. II.— Personnel of the same is composed of 197 physicians, 330 head nurses, 77 head attendants, 3,458 trained nurses, 918 trained attendants, 873 probationers (female), and 37 probationers (male). I I I .— Relief Supply, (a) Relief supply in time of war is always in readiness to meet all the necessaries for 126 Relief Detachments consisting of trained nurses, 29 Relief Detachments consisting of attendants (male), and 2 hospital ships. (b) Relief supply in time of natural calamities is pre pared as follows:— Surgical instruments, 3,028 pieces; patient’s gowns, 20,140 pieces; bedding, 28,6rr pieces; stretchers, 727 pieces ; tents, 201 sets ; mantles for mem bers of the Relief Detachment, 1,392 pieces ; uniforms for members of the Relief Detachment, 4,868 suits ; miscel laneous, 3,583.

R e lie f Work in Time o f War. The war with Germany in 1914-15 caused our Society to administer its relief service to the sick and wounded. Two hospital ships, “ Hakuai Maru ” (Philanthropy) and “ Kosai Maru” (Humanity), of the Society, always in readi ness at a moment’s notice, were thoroughly equipped and engaged in transporting the wounded of both belligerents between Tingtao and Japan. In addition, we despatched 4 Relief Detachments to the naval and military hospitals at Sasebo (Japan) and Tingtao (China) respectively. The number of patients treated by these Relief De tachments are given below :— Patients, including 12 German war-prisoners, on board the hospital ship “ Hakuai Maru,” 1,025 > patients, includ ing 19 German war-prisoners on board the hospital ship “ Kosai Maru,” 1,059 patients, inoluding English soldiers, at the naval hospital at Sasebo, 729; patients, including 339 German war-prisoners, at the military hospital at Tingtao, 247.

R elief Detachments sent Abroad. Upon the outbreak of the present war in Europe, our Society, desiring, in conformity with the principle of the Red Cross, to render our humble service to the war victims of the allied countries, despatched three Relief Detach ments there, each one having had a different destination, namely, England, Russia and France. Speaking more particularly, one to England was en gaged in the work there for 335 days, from January 31st to

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December 31st, 1915, and returned to Japan in March of the following year; one to Russia for 475 days, from December 20th, 1914, to April 8th, 1916, and returned to Japan in May, 1916 ; and one to France for 501 days, from February 15th, 1915, to June 30th, 1916, and came back to Japan in September, 1916. The number of patients treated by them is as follows : — By the Relief Detachment stationed at the British Red Cross Hospital at Netley, 2,591 ; in hospital temporarily established by our Society in Petrograd, 496 ; in Paris by the Relief Detachment sent out there, 910.

The R e lie f and Inform ation Service f o r the Prisoners of War. In December, 1914, our Society instituted the Com mittee for the Relief and Information Service for the Prisoners of War, with the object of transmitting to them letters, parcels and money coming directly from their relatives and friends or indirectly through the International Red Cross Committee at Geneva. The number of such things we dealt with is given below :— Received and delivered in 1915, 323 articles; in 1916, 183. Despatched i 9 i 5> 263 ,, 1916, 162. Our Society has contributed 2,500 francs towards the fund of the similar committee established within the Inter national Red Cross Committee at Geneva.

The R e lie f W ork in Time o f N a tu r a l Calamities. The term “ natural calamities ” here implies such accidents as often caused by the conflagration, the collision of railway cars, the public crowding, and the like. During the year 1916 the number of cases where dis aster relief was carried out by the First Aid Departments of local branches of the Red Cross Society of Japan amounted to 146, and the number of patients to 2,841, whilst those who were treated by the permanent posts of relief in the city of Tokyo and Kyoto numbered 3,390 in the same year.

Anti-Tuberatlosis Campaign. During the year of 1916 the consumptive patients who were taken into our local Red Cross hospitals numbered 1.501 persons, and those of day-patients 5,940, whilst ordi nary ones taken into our Central Red Cross hospital in Tokyo and local Red Cross hospitals numbered 21.902, and day-patients 153,356 in all.

Membership. The number of members of the Society at the end of 1016 is as follows :— Honorary members, 49; special mem bers, 26,138; ordinary members, 1,726,208; total, i , 7S8. ° 5 "' Members bearing Order of Merit (“ Yukosho ” ) in these groups number 2,282 persons.

Pinance. Annual income, ¥ 4 ,2 8 1,75 1; annual expenditure, Y 2 ,043,053; balance, ¥2,175,698. Out of this balance Y i , 837,670 was carried into the Fixed Fund, and ¥338,028 into the expenditure for the following year.

The Committee of Ladies. A special committee of ladies, called the “ Ladies’ Volunteer Nursing Association,” exists inside the Red Cross Society of Japan, and consists of Imperial Princesses and lady members of the Society. A t the end of 1916 the whole members of the Asso

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ciation numbered 15,234. Its principal objects are, firstly, to propagate the principle of the Red Cross work among our fellow country men and women ; and, secondly, to take in time of peace, nursing instruction and. in time of war, to assist relief work. During the wars in the past their services were worthy of notice in re manufacturing the bandage materials to be used in the military and naval hospitals, in visiting and consoling the sick and wounded there, and in practically engaging themselves in nursing work. They have done a great deal of relief work also in the tiaie of natural calamities.

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order , St. fohn's Gate , Clerkenwell, London , E .C ., M arch 2nd, i q i S. T h e K in g h a s b e e n g r a c io u s ly p le a s e d to s a n c t io n the f o llo w in g p ro m o tio n s in , a n d a p p o in tm e n ts to, the O r d e r o f the H o s p it a l o f St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d :—

A s Lady o f Justice ( from Lady o f G race): T h e L a d y E d e lin e S t r ic k la n d .

A s Knights of Grace : M a jo r D u d le y H e n r y A le x a n d e r , C .M .G . (fro m E s q u ir e ) . C h a r le s L e e N ic h o ls .

A s Ladies o f G ra ce: E d it h , L a d y D a n e . E t h e l M a r y , M r s . L y c e t t G re e n . H a n n a h S h a w , M r s . J. W . M o r k ill. E m m a , M r s . H o p e B a rto n . E lle n Lytcott, L a d y D o u g la s .

A s E squ ire : P e rc y P ie r p o in t B u rg e s s . S te p h e n H e r b e r t V ilv e n (fro m H o n o r a r y S e r v in g B r o th e r ). C e c il J o h n R e a d M a c F a d d e n , M .D . , C .M . (fro m H o n o r a r y A s s o c ia t e ).

A s Honorary Serving Brothers : L ie u t .- C o lo n e l F r a n k B e n ja m in C re s w e ll. J a m e s T h o m a s C h u rc h e r. E rn e st Seym our W ood. T h o m a s G e o rg e N o b le . Jo h n L a rd e r. C a p t a in W illia m H e n r y S a x o n D a v ie s . W illia m C la r e L e e s . W illia m B e n ja m in W illia m s .

A s Honorary Serving Sisters : M a r g a r e t , M is s M e lle tt. H e le n M a t ild a , M is s B o w e r. E v a K a t h a r in e , M is s B a d d e le y . E l le n R o s e , M r s . A n d re w s . M a r y C a t h e r in e B r u n o , M r s . M illa r , R . R . C .

B o r Enrolm ent as Honorary A ssociates: J o h n J o h n s o n , M .B ., C .M . H e n r y D o u g la s J o h n s , M .D . W illia m S lin g s b y M a n n , M .R . C .S . , L . R . C . P . M a r y L o u is a , M is s C a ld w e ll. E l le n K a t e , M is s F in n e m o r e . C h a r le s G e o ffre y S a w y e r. E liz a b e t h B la c k a ll, B a r o n e s s de T ’ S e rc la e s . M a ir i L a m b e r t C h is h o lm G o o d e n , M is s C h is h o lm . C o l. F r e d e r ic k K id d le , C .M .G . , A .M .S .

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THE

ST.

C o l. A lf r e d E d w a r d W e b b - J o h n s o n , D . S .O ., F . R . C . S . M a jo r A lf r e d W illia m A d a m s o n Ir w in , R .A . M . C . C a p ta in G e o rg e H a r o ld L a w s o n W h a le , M .D ., F .R . C . S . , R .A .M .C .(T .F .). C a p t a in L e s lie B ly t h M a x w e ll, O . B .E . C a p t a in H u m p h r e y N o c k o ld s , M .B ., B .S ., R . A . M . C H a r o ld L e p p in g t o n T h o r n t o n . T h e R e v . H e d le y H a s la m . W illia m G e o rg e S m ith .

Novel Essay Competition. D u r i n g the month of November, 1917, Sergt. Hanmer gave a series of his lectures in Dublin. The series con sisted of five lectures, all different subjects. T o create in terest in the work, the lecturer offered a prize of a First Aid Haversack to the writer of the best essay, each com petitor to write a paper on any three of the subjects. The winner of the first prize was Miss Lily Griffin, of Clontarf, whose work is shown below, the Doctor who judged the competition considers the Essay to be quite a course of first aid for either a beginner or an advanced student.

B E N E FITS

G IVEN I.— T r ia n g u l a r

D ER IVED BY

S e r g t .

B a n d a g e—

FROM C.

LECTURES

HANMER.

F r a ctu r es

a n d

t h e ir

T r e a t m e n t.

The triangular bandage, commonly called “ Esmarchs,” is a very valuable asset in first aid. In its open form it can be very effectively used as a fan by holding the apex between the teeth and the two ends in both hands. In this form the triangular bandage also makes the “ St. John ” and “ Large Arm ” slings. It is also used as a means of keeping on dressings or poultices as on the breast, shoulder, knee, elbow, etc. The triangular bandage when folded into “ Broad,” “ Narrow,” or “ Medium ” bandages can be used for securing splints, in case of fractures, or for affording support to dislocated or sprained limb, as in case of ankle. Then we have the “ Small Arm Sling,” made by folding the triangular into the broad bandage ; and lastly, we have the “ Ring Pad ” made from the triangular bandage. This pad is very effective in haemorrhage cases where there is also a fractured bone, as fractured skull. When making “ Two-handed Seat” it greatly relieves the bearer to use “ Ring Pad ” instead of hooking the fingers (Hanmer’s method). Fractures .— A fracture is a broken bone. Fractures may be caused by direct or indirect violence or muscular action. If a bone breaks at the spot where the injury is received it may be called direct violence. If a bone breaks at some other spot than that where injury is received it may be called indirect violence. A fracture caused by muscular action is where a bone is broken by contraction of muscles attached to it, as in knee-cap, etc. Fractures may be classed as follows Simple .— The bone is broken and there is no injury, or very slight injury, to surrounding parts. Compound .— The bone is fractured and there is also a wound which permits air and germs to enter. In this fracture the broken ends of long bone may protude. Complicated .— In this fracture, as well as the broken bone, there is also an injury to some internal organ, blood vessel or nerve.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

i 37

C om m inuted— A comminuted fracture is one where the bone is broken into several pieces. Green Stiek. — When the bone bends or cracks without really breaking across it is called “ Green Stick ” fracture, this usually happens in bones of children. Impacted.— An impacted fracture is when broken ends of bone are driven into each other. Signs and symptoms of fractures are as follows :— jPain, swelling , loss o f pow er , irregularity , unnatural move ments and crepitus. A first aid worker must never look for crepitus, that should be left to the doctor. Treatment o f Fractures. — T reat on the spot, holding up traffic if necessary. Restrain a ll movement on part of the patient, as a careless movement may cause a simple fracture to become compound or complicated. Ge?itly draw injured limb into position. Steady atid support by means of padded splints and bandages. D o n 't forget to treat patient for shock by covering him up warmly, and while attending to injury, if patient is conscious, talk cheering to him and make light of his injury. Send for doctor immediately and see to proper means of transport. As regards splints and bandages, the first aider should be resourceful, and when proper appliances cannot be procured make use of whatever is avail able. For instance, in a street accident it is not always easy to procure the proper splints, but a gentle man standing by may have an umbrella or walking-stick, both of which make very good splints, or there may be a shop near by where someone can procure for you a rolled-up map, some stiff cardboard, a brush or broom handle. A policeman’s truncheon can also be utilised, and folded newspapers make excellent splints for a broken leg. Splints should be long enough and firm enough to keep the joints, below and above fracture, immovable. Splints should be padded, and if padding has to be improvised, the clothing of patient can be used effectively. Bandages can be im provised from scarfs, neck-ties, strips of clothing, etc. By standers can always be made use of, to help under your supervision and they can usually tell you the history of the case, which is a great help. Wken in doubt treat as a fracture. Rem arks.— In cases of badly crushed limbs, I think the cradle-splint, as illustrated by Sergt. Hanmer, an ex cellent means of support as well as an easy and comfort able one, also his suggestions about examining a leg for varicose veins or ulcers, so as to take great care when ap plying splints and bandages, as many a first aider might overlook this, and so make the patient’s last condition worst than his first.

(T o be continued).

Notes

and

News.

Home Hygiene Class for men and women starts on April 16th (Tuesday), at 8.30; held at the Mission Hall, Heath-street (a few doors from Hampstead Tube Station). Fee for course, 4s. Lecturer, Dr. Corbet Fletcher. Secre tary, Mr. B. Norwood, 5, Gayton-road, Hampstead. *** A course of First Aid Lectures will commence on the 9th April, from 7.30 to 9 p.m. at the Northampton Poly technic Institute, Clerkenwell, London, E.C. v. The course consists of eight lectures, and the fee is 3s. for non members of the Polytechnic, including the examination.

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

Further enquiries should be made to the Lady Super intendent, Miss A. M. Tuck. *** T he Ambulance Committee has appointed Sergeant Hanmer as Official Demonstrator of the First Aid Cine matograph Film recently prepared for this Association, details of which were given in our January issue. Sergeant Hanmer is organising a lecturing tour in all parts of the United Kingdom. The first series will take place in London between the dates of March 25th and April 30th inclusive, and the second series in the country. Each visit to a division or class will consist of two meetings on consecutive evenings ; the first being a lecture on First Aid, illustrated by the official film and a very comprehensive set of lantern slides, and the second a prac tical display of First Aid. In times like the present, when a knowledge of first aid is undoubtedly so essential to everyone, these lectures should do much to stimulate an interest among all classes. Full particulars as to dates, expenses, etc., can be obtained from the Chief Secretary, S.J.A.A., St. John’s Gate, Lon don, E.C. ** * A series of lectures on First Aid have been given by Captain G. A. Skinner, R.A .M.C., at Gillingham during the past months. The examination took place on Saturday, Jan. 5th, 1918, at the Casualty Hospital, Chatham. The examiner was Major J. E. Bates, R.A.M.C.(T.). officer in charge Surgical Division, Military Hospital, Fort Pitt, Chatham. At the conclusion of the examination, Major Bates stated that the ladies, the members of the class, had done ex ceedingly well and that they had an excellent knowledge of first aid. Quartermaster Sergeants Chesterman and Billingham, R .A .M .C., undertook the work of demonstra tion. * * * 11,050 members of the V.A.D . posted from Devon shire House are now working in military hospitals at home and abroad, under the Joint Committee, and 863 of these members were posted in January. The members are work ing in England, France, Switzerland, Italy, Malta, Holland, Salonika, Egypt and Mesopotamia. 597 ordinary applica tions for work were received during the month, and in answer to Sir Arthur Stanley’s appeal in the press 850 applications were received up to the end of January ; these applications were of a very satisfactory type. V .A.D. members working in military hospitals who are ill are sent to Queen Alexandra’s Military Hospital, Vincent-square, or to the Royal Free Hospital, Gray’s Innroad. Those members serving under the Joint Committee are sent to St. Thomas’ Hospital. In connection with these hospitals two convalescent homes have just been opened— one in Warwickshire, owing to the kindness of Mrs. Dawson, with the kind co-operation of Mr. Little, County Director of Warwickshire, which is for the members of Vincent-square, and Ardington Manor, which has been generously lent by Lady Wantage, and with which Admiral Fleet, County Director for Berkshire, is kindly helping. It is with deep regret that we report the death of eight members during the month. Six were drowned in the “ Aragon,” and another at Busrah in Mesopotamia. One General Service member is dangerously ill, hav ing received serious injuries in the railway accident near Carlisle. Her life was at first despaired of, but she is now slowly recovering. More and more requisitions are being received, includ

JO H N

AMBULANCE

G A ZE TT E. —

March, 1918.

ing one from Salonika for 120 General Service members, and we are requiring new members to meet these requi sitions. The Motor School has now re-opened— this time at Devonshire House. There are also a certain number of assistant cooks being trained in the canteen at Devonshire House, and this arrangement seems to be answering very satisfactorily.

V The following addresses may be found useful to our readers :— T h e H e a d q u a r t e r s o f the J o in t W a r C o m m itte , 8 3, P a ll M a ll. A m o n g d e p a rt m e n ts w h ic h a re a c c o m m o d a te d a t th is a d d re s s a re th o se o f the C e n t r a l J o in t V . A . D . C o m m itte e , S to re s a n d T r a n s p o r t , T r a in e d N u r s e s , T r a v e llin g a n d P a s s p o rt s . T h e C e n t ra l P r is o n e r s P la c e , S .W . 7.

of W a r

T h e C e n t ra l W o r k r o o m s , R o y a l H o u s e , P ic c a d illy .

C o m m itte e , 4, T h u r lo e A cadem y,

B u r lin g t o n

M e d ic a l S to re s , 10, S o u th C re s c e n t , S to re S tre e t, W . C . 1. W o u n d e d a n d M is s in g , 18, C a r lt o n H o u s e T e r r a c e , S . W . i. W o m e n ’s P ic c a d illy , W . St. J o h n C h a ir m a n . 56,

J o in t V . A . D . D e p a r t m e n t , D e v o n s h ir e H o u s e , 1. W a r e h o u s e , fo r H o s p it a l S u p p lie s .— A d d r e s s S t. J o h n ’s S q u a re , E . C . 1.

St. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e D e p o t.— A d d r e s s S u p e r in te n d e n t, H a lk y n H o u s e , B e lg r a v e S q u a re , S .W .

B o m b a y . — His Excellency the Governor presided, and Lady Willingdon gave away awards at the annual meeting of the ambulance classes organised by Mr. and Mrs. D. F. Panthaki, under the auspices of the Bombay City Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association, held on 12th January, 1918, at Bombay. There was a large attendance of ladies and gentlemen taking an interest in the institution. The proceedings opened with a display of first aid and and home nursing. This consisted of a demonstration in triangular and roller bandages and of first aid in cases of dislocated shoulder, fractured knee cap, drowning, acci dental hanging and of burns at a fire. A number of young Parsi lades and gentlemen took part in the display. Mrs. Shirin D. F. Panthaki, Honorary Class Secre tary, then gave an account of the ladies ambulance class for the year ending 30th Septembei, 1917. She said : “ I beg to present the report of the work performed in the ambulance classes orgauised by me under the auspices of the Bombay City Centre of the St. John Ambulance Asso ciation during the year ending 30th September, 1917. Besides being the founder ond organiser of the Parsi Nursing Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade Over seas, I have been connected with the Bombay Centre of St. John Ambulance Association for the last seven years. Before the official year 1910-11, ambulance instruction was not much spread amon the women of Bombay, but since then, 56 First Aid, Home Nursing and Home Hygiene Classes, besides four classes in Mid-wifery and Infant Welfare, were organised by me at various stages in Bombay, and they became very popular. Mr. and Mrs. Panthaki gave an excellent report of the year’s work, which shows the interest being taken in ambulance work in India. In all, 1381 females and 323 male students received instruc tion in various objects during the year.

— FIRST

March, 1918.

AID.—

139

spat in it, and then offered it to an officer. CONTENTS

T H IS

NUMBER.

charity in warfare, caused the

E d it o r ia l—

T h e P r in c ip le s a n d P r a c t ic e o f A m b u la n c e W o r k ...

“ This per

sistent degradation of the Red Cross, universal emblem of

129

deepest

possible impres

sion on the British prisoners, both officers and men, at that time.”

D is t r ic t

R epo rts—

No. 1 ; No. 3

...

* * *

130

N o . 4 ; N o . 5 ; N o . 6 ; N o . 1 1 ; N o . 12

131

F ir s t A id C a b in e t s ...

132

T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e

h e

third annual report of the joint finance com

mittee of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St, John of Jerusalem has been issued, covering the year

G a zette —

ended October 20th,

1917,

and

including a statement

T h e P r io r y fo r W a le s o f the O r d e r o f the H o s p it a l o f St. J o h n o f J e ru s a le m in E n g la n d ...

133

of accounts for the past

T h e G e n e s is o f th e In d ia n B r a n c h o f the S . J . A . A . . . .

134

tion and management of the great work of the Red Cross

T h e P r e s e n t S ta te o f P r e p a r a t io n fo r R e lie f S e r v ic e o f the R e d C r o s s S o c ie t y o f J a p a n ... ' ...

135

T h e G r a n d P r io r y o f th e O r d e r o f th e St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d

136

scribed by the public for the

137 137

wounded.

showed for the first time since the war began a deficiency

139

as compared with the expenditure.

H o s p it a l o f

N o v e l E s s a y C o m p e t it io n N o te s a n d N e w s B r e v it ie s

...

Q u e r ie s

a n d

A n sw ers

years.

T he

at home and abroad during the twelve

adminstra.

months

under

review involved no direct charge upon the funds sub The

income

C o r r espo n d e n ts—

t o

I n j u r y to P a lm a r A r c h e s

three

benefit the

Red

the sick and

Cross,

however,

* * *

140

question having been raised as to the position of

B a n d a g e s fo r F r a c t u r e d F e r m u r ...

140

T o b a c c o S m o k e in In s e n s ib ilit y ...

140

the members of the L.C.C. staff who are members of volun

P a in t in E y e

140

tary aid detachments in the event of their mobilisation in

...

P o is o n o u s S n a k e B it e

...

h e

140

a national emergency, the General Purposes Committee in

U s e o f S a l V o la t ile

140

a recommendation adopted by the Council

S u b s e q u e n t T r e a t m e n t o f B u r n s ...

140

meeting, stated: “ Subject to the permission of the head

E x te rn a l U s e o f M u sta rd

at a recent

142

of the department concerned being obtained, no objection

...

142

be raised to officers and employes of the Council becoming

...

142

Red Cross Society and the St. John Ambulance Associa

F ir s t A id W it h o u t D is c r im in a t io n

142

tion on the understanding that occasional duty may be

F ir s t A id W it h o u t K n o w le d g e

142

A p p lic a t io n o f R o lle r B a n d a g e P r a c t ic a l

members of the voluntary aid detachments of the British

P o in ts —

A n o t h e r C o m p lic a t e d A c c id e n t

performed so long as it does not interfere with their official duties ; and that, in the event of the detachment being mobilised (i.) for the purpose of repelling the enemy in the

Brevities.

event of an invasion being imminent, or (ii.) in the event of civil insurrection, the Council’s war service regulations

are so accustomed to German brutality that we are not

apply to members of its staff thus called out, provided that

surprised at any new evidence of it, yet we cannot suppress

their position and service under the Council are such as

a feeling of astonishment and pain when we learn that those

would have entitled them to the benefit of such regulations

who are the type of mercy— Red cross workers and nurses

if they had been eligible for enlistment and had enlisted in

should so shamelessly break all the

H.M . Forces.”

service.

traditions of their

We cannot imagine any British nurse being other

than gentle and skilled in her ministrations to German wounded, for the helplessness of the wounded man appeals to high instincts, and we could not vent on him, even if we were German, the natural anger that we feel towards our cruel enemy. * * * A

W h ite

Paper just issued, based on the sworn reports

h e r e

were up to the end of December,

1917, just

100 aid raids over the United Kingdom reported, viz., 51 by aeroplanss and 49 by Zeppelins.

T h e total casualities

incurred numbered 1,082 killed and 2,724 injured, viz., by areoplane 599 killed and 1,572 injured.

Four Areoplane

raids in 19 17 alone caused 404 deaths and injured 881 persons.

There were six Zeppelin raids and 13 aeroplane

of British officers and men, tells us that “ the Red Cross

raids over London.

women showed a positive hatred of the British” ; they

30th, 1917, were officially given as 366 killed and 1,092

refused them food and drink, and they frequently spat in

injured.

their faces.

46 aeroplanes brought down.

They would tantalise the starving prisoners

T h e casualties in London up to July

The casualties to raiders were 12 Zeppelins and The military damage caused

with the sight of food and then take it away, saying it was

by the raids was negligible, and the property loss well be

“ not for swine.”

low the annual fire loss.

One woman brought a glass of water,

140

— F I R S T

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

AID. —

March, 1918.

p o s s ib le g o o d c o u ld r e s u lt fro m fo u lin g fre s h a ir w ith to b a c c o s m o k e ? I n a ll e m e rg e n c ie s , th e re fo re , c a r r y o u t th e in s t r u c tio n s o f th e T e x t b o o k a n d p a y n o a tte n tio n to th e fo o lis h s u g g e s tio n s o f ig n o r a n t b y s ta n d e rs . O r b e tte r s t ill, g e t r id o f th e m b y a llo t t in g so m e ta s k , e.g., ta k e w ritte n n o te to d o c to r, fe tch p o lic e litte r, & c .— N . C . F .

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :—

1 ■ Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana comer of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F 4.6, Cannon-street, London, E .C .

ir st

P a in t

2 • A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon" cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. 2- — Tke Texfbook, to which reference may be made in these columns, is the Revised [cgry) E d iticn o f S . f . A . A . M an ual o f First-A id.

t o

P a lm ar

A r ch es.

L . (N o r w o o d ) :— I s th e f o llo w in g tre a tm e n t c o r r e c t fo r a s ta b in p a lm a r a r c h e s ? A p p ly im m e d ia t e ly d ig it a l p re s s u re to r a d ia l a n d u ln a r a rt e r ie s ; a d v is e p a tie n t of in t e n t io n s ; p r o m p t ly la y h im d o w n a n d u t ilis e c o a t s le e v e fo r p a d b y fle x io n w ith fig u re -o f-e ig h t b a n d a g e a t e lb o w . N e x t a p p ly c le a n d r e s s in g o n w o u n d ; p la c e r o lle d p a d in h a n d a n d fix w ith p a lm a r a rc h b a n d a g e . F in a lly , lo o se n f le x io n ; u n d o t ig h t c lo t h in g p a y in g s p e c ia l c a r e to b o d y b e lt ; k e e p c r o w d b a c k to a llo w p le n t y o f fre s h a ir ; k e e p w a rm a n d g iv e s ip s o f w a te r ; a s k fo r n e a re s t d o c t o r ; a n d ta k e p a t ie n t ’s n a m e a n d a d d re s s .

Y e s , e xd e p t ( 1 ) th a t y o u fo rg o t to ra is e th e lim b d u r in g tre a tm e n t a n d to a p p ly th e S t. J o h n S lin g a fte r c o n t r o llin g h a e m o rrh a g e ; a n d (2 ) th a t, i f th e b o d y -b e lt is th e u s u a l lo o se fla n n e l b a n d , it is b e st le ft a lo n e a s a m e a n s o f r e t a r d in g b o d y h ea t. I t w o u ld n o t in te rfe re w ith r e s p ir a t io n .— N . C o r b e t F letch er

B an d ag es

f g r

F r actu r e d

P a in t g e n e r a lly c o n s is ts o f o il, w h ite le a d a n d p ig m e n t w ith t u rp e n tin e a d d e d to “ t h i n ” m ix tu re . B o th le a d a n d tu rp e n tin e a re in s o lu b le in w a te r. T h e r e f o re , tre a t a s fo r fo re ig n b o d y e m b e d d e d in e ye (T e x t b o o k , p. 1 1 7 ).— N . C . F .

I f W . G . is c o n v in c e d th a t h is p o in t s a re m a tte r is e n d e d . P e r s o n a lly I am n o t, a n d , w h e n fe m u r, I w ill— if I a m c o n s c io u s a n d a b le to t a lk — th e F ir s t - A id e r fir s t c o n t r o ls th e fra c t u re , then th e la s tly th e lim b s . — N . C . F .

S m o ke

Sn a k e

B it e .

P . C . (S y d n e y , N . S . W . ) . — I f a m a n h a s b e e n b itte n b y a p o is o n o u s s n a k e a n d n o firs t a id tre a tm e n t is p o s s ib le for h a lf- a n - h o u r — (1 ) w o u ld the a p p lic a t io n o f lig a t u r e s d o a n y g o o d ? a n d (2 ) w h a t is th e b e st tre a tm e n t u n d e r these c ir c u m s t a n c e s ? (1 ) L ig a t u r e s a re a p p lie d to cu t o ff th e v e n o u s re tu rn ot b lo o d to h e a rt a n d to p re v e n t the e n t r y o f th e p o is o n in to the g e n e r a l c ir c u la t io n . I f h a lf- a n - h o u r h a s la p s e d , t h e ir u t ilit y is e x t re m e ly d o u b tfu l. A t the s a m e tim e , if y o u d e c id e to tre a t th e w o u n d a c t iv e ly , som e la ten t p o iso n m ay be le t loose, a n d fo r t h is re a s o n I w o u ld a d v is e a p p lic a t io n o f lig a t u r e s a s a p re lim in a r y to tre a tm e n t. (2 ) T h e c o n d it io n o f the p a tie n t m u s t b e y o u r g u id e . I f h e I s in a s ta te o f C o lla p s e , y o u m u st c o n c e n tra te a tte n tio n on t h is c o n d it io n a n d a d o p t im m e d ia t e s tim u la n t tre a tm e n t. If,' h o w e v e r, th e re is lit tle o r n o C o lla p s e , th e n th e w o u n d r e q u ir e s first ca re . B y th e w a y , d o n o t fo rg e t th e m e n ta l s id e o f the p ic t u re , a s m a n y p a tie n t s h a v e d ie d fro m s h e e r f rig h t a n d , a fte r d e a th , a ll e v id e n c e o f s n a k e -p o is o n in g h a s b e e n a b s o lu t e ly e x c lu d e d .— N . C . F

F e m u r .

W . G . ( C a v e r s h a m ) s e n d s a le n g t h y le tte r in w h ic h , r e fe r r in g to A n s w e r s in is s u e s o f N o v e m b e r a n d J a n u a r y la s t, he e n d e a v o u r s to p ro v e ( 1 ) th a t th e (a)l(b) (c), & c ., o f th e T e x t b o o k m u s t n e c e s s a r ily s ig n if y 1st, 2 n d a n d 3 r d ; a n d (2 ) th a t th e im m e d ia te a p p lic a t io n o f b a n d a g e s (a) a n d (6) w il e n s u re c o n t r o l o f u p p e r fra g m e n t o f f ra c t u re d fe m u r.

T obacco

E ye .

E . ( P o p la r ) a s k s fo r tre a tm e n t o f p a in t in eye.

P o iso n o u s In ju r y

A id ,

p ro v e d , I b re a k see to it s p lin ts ,

the my th a t and

U se

C o n g r a t u la t io n s o n th e p ro p e r e x e r c is e o f y o u r d is c r im i n a tio n o n tw o o c c a s io n s — o n th e firs t in th a t, n o t k n o w in g , yo u d id n o t in t e rfe r e ; o n th e s e c o n d in th a t y o u d e c lin e d to u se a m e th o d o f tre a tm e n t, c o n c e r n in g w h ic h y o u w e re ig n o ra n t. N o . T h e u se o f to b a c c o is a p o p u la r f a lla c y . An in s e n s ib le p a tie n t r e q u ir e s a s m u c h fre s h a ir a s y o u c a n o b ta in fo r h im , because h is V it a l F u n c tio n s are a t a le w ebb. S o w h a t

S al

V o l a tile .

A . S . ( B r is t o l) .— I s it r ig h t to g iv e S a l V o la t ile in a c a s e o f p a l p it a t io n — s e v e re o r s lig h t ? P a lp it a t io n is d u e to d is e a s e o r d is t u r b a n c e o f h e a rt, fo r e a c h o f w h ic h S a l V o la t ile is a v a lu a b le re m e d y . F ir s t - A id e r s te n d to a d m in is t e r S a l V o la t ile fa r too fre e ly a n d fre q u e n t ly , a n d s o m e tim e s fo r g e t to carry o u t f i r s t th e P r in c ip le s o f F ir s t A id — e s p e c ia lly r e m o v a l o f c a u s e , c o r re c t p o s it io n o f p a tie n t, & c ., w h ic h w ill b e {fk m o re e ffe c tiv e t h a n th e s tim u la n t s u g g e ste d . D o n o t fo rg e t th a t s tim u la t io n is in v a r ia b iy fo llo w e d b y d e p r e s s io n .— N . C . F

In se n sib il it y .

T . ( T o t t e n h a m ) :— I s it a g o o d t h in g to b lo w to b a c c o s m o k e u p a p a tie n t ’s n o s t r ils w h e n h e is f a in t in g o r in a fit ? On o n e o c c a s io n I s a w a n u n c o n s c io u s p a tie n t b e in g h e ld u p b y fo u r m e n w h ile a fifth w a s b lo w in g p u ffs o f s m o k e u p h is n o s t r ils . A s k in g fo r p a r t ic u la r s , I d is c o v e re d th a t the p a tie n t h a d b e e n in s e n s ib le fo r fo rty -fiv e m in u te s , a n d th a t h is f r ie n d h a d s m o k e d fiv e c ig a re t te s . I d id n o t in te rfe re . R e c e n t ly , I w a s t re a t in g a c a s e o f s e v e re E p ile p s y a n d the b y s t a p d e r s s u g g e s te d th a t to b a c c o s m o k e s h o u ld be b lo w n in to th e p a t ie n t ’s n o s t r ils . I re fu s e d to a llo w t h is to be done.

o f

S u bseq u en t

T r ea tm e n t

o f

B u r n s.

A . ( E d g b a s t o n ) .— M y w o r k b e in g in a m u n itio n fa c to ry , I o fte n h a v e to u n d e r ta k e s u b s e q u e n t tre a tm e n t o f in ju rie s , a n d s h a ll be g ra te fu l if y o u w ill a n s w e r th e se q u e r ie s : — ( A ) C a n P ic r ic A c id b e u s e d fo r b u r n s w h e n s k in is b ro k e n ? C a n it be a p p lie d to d ir t y , g r e a s y s k in ? S h o u ld it b e a p p lie d u n t il w o u n d is h e a le d ? I f n o t, w h a t t re a t m e n t s h o u ld be u s e d ? ( B ) C a n L e a d a n d O p iu m lo tio n be a p p lie d fo r b u rn s w h e n s k in is b r o k e n ? S h o u ld it be u s e d a s first d r e s s in g o n ly ? ( C ) W h a t is b e st tre a tm e n t fo r p a in s in e y e ?

W h e n y o u re a d y o u r T e x t b o o k , y o u p a lp a b ly s k ip p e d o v e r C h a p t e r I. R e a d t h is now , a n d r e a lis e (1 ) th a t F ir s t A id a im s o n ly at p re v e n t io n o f f u rt h e r in ju r y ; (2 ) th a t th e S .J . A . A . r u le s fo rb id s e c o n d d r e s s in g s ; a n d (3 ) th a t y o u r p a tie n t s a re fo o lish to tru s t t h e m s e lv e s to y o u r u n t r a in e d s k ill. T h e o n ly ju s t if ic a tio n fo r s u b s e q u e n t tre a tm e n t is th a t y o u a c t (lik e a N u r s e u n d e r m e d ic a l in s t r u c t io n a n d s u p e r v is io n .

— F I R S T

M a rch , 1 9 1 8

A I D

141

FIR S T-A ID

I0DEX I

A BLAND & PAINLESS

(U n£ Iodi M

—IODINE DRESSING.—

for A se p tic.

U n ifo r m s

a n d

A n tise p tic .

I O D E X is a First-Aid Dressing of great merit— painless and bland It promotes rapid healing and is ideal in septic wounds, tears, abrasions, bruises, burns, scalds, inflamed feet, etc.

IO D E X has been supplied to :

E q u i p m

e n t

H .M . F l e e t S u r g e o n s , R .A .M .C . Su rgeon s, RedCross Surgeons,

V a st modern factory resources, added to a century’ s experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge comparison with any other clothing of equal quality.

Croix R o u ge F r a n c a is e B e l g i a n F i e ld h o s p i t a l s ,

I O D E X is non-staining, non irritating Free Iodine of great penetrative power. It is a power ful absorbent and antiseptic, and rapidly reduces inflammation.

F r e n c h F ie ld H o s p i t a l s ’ N um erous M ilitary Hospitals, M e m b e r s of S t. John A m bulance.

I0 D E X

so ld

1 o z.

P o ts,

P rice

1 /3 .

I O D E X has bcncfitted the follow ing and numerous other conditions.

Prices and Samples on request. 1 6 ,

I L E

S T

CITY ROAD, LONDON, N .I., and at 6, YORK PLACE, LEEDS, and 84 , MILLER STR EET, GLASGOW.

E n la r g e d G lan d G o itre. T u b e r c u l o u s Join ts, B u r s i t i s , S y n o v i t i s , Sc ia tic a, N eu ritis, G out, R h eu m a to id A rthritis, H yd ro ce le , P arasitic S k in D is e a s e s . R in g w o r m , C hilblain s, A c n e Bolls. M u m p s, S p r a in s , AND ALL IN F L A M M A T O R Y CO N D ITIO N S.

L lto r a lu r e on a p p lic a tio n

Menley & James, Ltd., T

“

P I C T ORI A L

F I R

S T

39, F a rrln g d o n R oad, LONDON, E .C .

I D

”

T RI ANGULAR

BANDAGE. J'faval, Jfiititanj and Civil Jailors and Sreeches jffakers. T he West End House of Hazel & Co., as below, is exclusively devoted to the

Clothing & Equipment OF

Officers of all Ranks and all Services,

Illustrating the various w ays of using the Bandage in cases of injury.

and the supply of High Grade Tailor

Triangular Bandages can also be supplied plain, unprinted.

ing

for

Gentlemen’s

Wear.

Best

materials and workmanship only at moderate prices. U

n if o r m s

P R

I N

HANOVER

an d

S T

S Q .,

iv e r ie s

LONDON,

Catalogues on application.

SOUTHALL BROS. & BARCLAY, Ld ,

B IR M IN G H A M , T ,

W. 1.

Established

1820 ,

M anufacturers of Surgical Dressings, Fine Chem icals and Pharm aceutical Preparations. Enquiries invited.

142

— FIRST

( A ) P ic r ic A c i d is u s e fu l f o r d r e s s in g b u r n s a n d m a y be a p p lie d to b r o k e n o r g r e a s y S k in ? If , h o w e v e r, th e s k in is v e r y d ir t y a n d g r e a s y , w h y n o t s o a k th e p a rt first in a s t r o n g s o lu t io n o f b ic a r b o n a t e o f s o d a a n d w a rm b o ile d w a te r to re m o v e a s m u c h d ir t a n d g re a s e a s p o s s ib le ? F o r s u b s e q u e n t tre a tm e n t c o n s u lt a d o c to r. (B ) Y e s. S u c h a lo t io n is a n e x c e lle n t a p p lic a t io n , b e c a u s e it p r o te c t s a n d s o o th e s th e p a rt. A d o c t o r w ill d e c id e w h e th e r it s u s e s h o u ld be c o n t in u e d o r n ot. ( C ) C o n s u lt a d o c t o r.— N . C . F .

E x t e r n a l

U se

o f

M u sta r d .

B . ( B i r k e n h e a d ) : T h e T e x t b o o k d e s c r ip t io n s o f m u s ta rd p la s t e r a n d p o u lt ic e v a r y . T h u s , so m e b o o k s g iv e m u s ta rd p la s t e r a s m a d e e n t ire ly w ith m u s t a r d a n d a p o u ltic e as m a d e w ith m u s t a rd a n d lin s e e d in v a r y in g q u a n t it ie s , w h e re a s o th e rs g iv e m u s t a r d p la s t e r a n d p o u ltic e a s s y n o n y m o u s te rm s . T h e s a m e d iffe re n c e a p p lie s to b o r a c ic fo m e n ta tio n s a n d p o u ltic e s .

T h e te rm s a re n o t s y n o n y m o u s . A p o u ltic e ( = p o r r id g e ) is a so ft, p a s t y e x t e r n a l a p p lic a t io n , w h ile a p la s t e r ( = m o u ld e d o n ) is a m e d ic in a l a g e n t c o n s is t in g o f a n a d h e s iv e s u b s ta n c e s p r e a d o n c lo th o r le a th e r so a s to s t ic k to the p a rt. A m u s t a r d p la s t e r is c o m p o s e d o f o il o f m u s t a r d — e x t ra c te d , p o w d e re d a n d s p r e a d o n c a r t r id g e p a p e r, M u s t a r d is a v e r y p o w e rfu l lo c a l ir r it a n t , a n d c a n be u se d either concentrated a s a p la s t e r o r p o u ltic e or diluted w ith v a r y in g q u a n t it ie s o f lin s e e d . I n th e fo r m e r c a s e the re s u lt s a re m o re r a p id a n d s e v e re , a n d r e q u ir e c lo s e r o b s e r v a t io n le st b u r n s a n d b lis t e r s r e s u lt ; in th e la t te r so m e o f the e ffe c tiv e n e ss o f m u s t a r d is lo s t p a r t ly b y d ilu t io n a n d p a r t ly b y the a c t io n o f h e a t, w h ic h d is s o lv e s o il o f m u s t a rd . F o r t h is re a s o n a m u s t a r d p o lt ic e is m a d e w it h te p id , a lin s e e d p o u ltic e w ith b o ilin g w a te r. T h e d iffe re n c e n o te d in T e x t b o o k s , th e re fo re , d e p e n d s o n th e d e g re e o f d ilu t io n a d v o c a te d b y the d iffe re n t a u t h o r it ie s . I d o n o t k n o w w h a t a b o r a c ic p o u lt ic e is. A b o r a c ic fo m e n ta tio n r e q u ir e s th e c o m b in a tio n o f m a x im u m h e a t w ith m in im u m m o is t u r e .— F . C . F .

A p pl ic a t io n

o f

R o ller

AI D. —

March, 1918.

Jracticat Joints. The E d itor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and had Points in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

A n o th er

C o m p lic a t e d

A c c id e n t .

R e f e r r in g to th e in t e re s tin g “ P r a c t ic a l P o i n t ” in th e F e b r u a r y is s u e , 1 h a v e t re a te d a case which resulted in four addi tional emergencies, a lt h o u g h m in e d iffe rs fro m th a t re p o rt e d b y W . C . B . in th a t I was one o f them !! T h e fa c ts a re t h e s e :— A y o n n g m a n , w o r k in g in a c o a l m in e , s u s ta in e d a s m a ll s c a lp w o u n d , a n d b e in g so m e w h a t h y s t e r ic a l w a s re m o v e d to h is h o m e in the c o llie r y tra p , a c c o m p a n ie d b y m y s e lf a s a m b u la n c e m an. W h e n we a r r iv e d at the h o u se , th e M o th e r (s u s p e c t in g so m e g r a v e in ju r y ) im m e d ia t e ly fa in te d ; a n d , in f a llin g , g a s h e d h e r rig h t fo re a rm o n a b r o k e n iro n p a il a n d s e v e re d b o th r a d ia l a n d u ln a r a rt e r ie s ! B o th p a tie n ts w ere p la c e d o n c o u c h e s in d o o rs , th e m o th e r b e in g n o w u n c o n s c io u s a n d the so n in a m o st h y s t e r ic a l c o n d it io n . W h ile th e a rt e r ia l b le e d in g w a s b e in g c o n tr o lle d , a d a u g h t e r w a s in s t ru c t e d to b a k e so m e p la te s as s u b s titu te s fo r h o t-w a te r b o ttle s, r e q u ir e d fo r tre a tm e n t o f sho ck. H a s t e n in g to c a r r y o ut o rd e rs , s h e s tu m b le d , fe ll o n th e g ra te , a n d b u r n e d the p a lm s o f bo th h a n d s s e v e re ly !! A t t h is s ta g e th e d o c t o r a r r iv e d a n d to o k c h a r g e o f th e th re e c a s e s . A ft e r a s h o rt tim e th e d r iv e r a n d 1 d e c id e d to re tu rn to th e c o llie r y . A s w e w e re g e ttin g in to th e tra p , h o w e v e r, the h o rs e b o lte d a n d th re w us in d iffe re n t d ir e c t io n s , w ith th e r e s u lt th a t th e d r iv e r s c ra p e d th e w h o le o f o n e s id e o f h is fa c e a n d I s p r a in e d m y r ig h t a n k le b a d ly ! ! ! — C . H . R o t h e r h a m .

F ir s t - A id

W ith o u t

D isc r im in a tio n .

D u r in g a n A ir - R a i d in L o n d o n , a h o u se w a s s t r u c k b y a b o m b a n d s e v e ra l o c c u p a n ts w ere b a d ly in iu re d . A R e d C ro s s D e ta c h m e n t w a s q u ic k ly on the sp o t, a n d the O ffic e r -in -c h a rg e — disregarding the grave condition o f the victims — is s a id to h a v e c o m m e n c e d o p e ra t io n s b y lin in g h is m e n u p in fro n t o f th e s tr e tc h e r a n d o r d e r in g the m to n u m b e r o ff in th e o rth o d o x f a s h io n !! — B . N ., K e n t is h T o w n .

B an d ag e. F ir s t -A id

T e x t b o o k s te a c h u s to b a n d a g e from •within outwards. T w o d o c t o rs h a v e re c e n t ly in s t ru c t e d u s to b a n d a g e from left to right W h ic h is c o r r e c t ?

A . S. ( B r is t o l) . — T h e

T h e T e x t b o o k s a re rig h t . I d o u b t y o u r s e c o n d s ta te m e n t, a n d b e lie v e th a t y o u h a v e m is t a k e n the in s t ru c t io n s g iv e n . T h e s e p r o b a b ly w ere th a t (1 ) w h e n a p p ly in g b a n d a g e s y o u m u s t fa c e y o u r p a tie n t ; a n d th a t (2 ) in b a n d a g in g the le ft lim b y o u m u s t u se y o u r r ig h t h a n d a n d v ic e v e rs a .— N . C . F .

B i r m i n g h a m . — The annual report states that no report has been issued since September, 1914, owing to the pressura of work incident upon the war. The demand for am bulance tuition at the outbreak of war increased enormously, and owing chiefly.to the generous assistance of the honorary medical lecturers, 3,671 certificates were issued during 1915. and 1916. N o fewer than 201 classes had been held— 50 men’s first aid, 12 men’s nursing, 78 women’s first aid, and 61 women’s nursing, and compared with from 20 to 30 classes in a normal year. Out of the male classes 112 men were recruited into the R .A .M .C. by the centre, and 236 members of the Birming Corps of the brigade had joined the military home hospitals of the Royal Naval Sick Berth Reserves. Six new nursing divisions had been added to the Birmingham corps of the brigade during the two years, making 11 in all, and from these fifteen women’s V .A . D .’s had been formed.

W it h o u t

K n o w led g e.

O n a re c e n t o c c a s io n a F ir s t - A id e r , w h o w a s t re a tin g a m a n w ith a fra c t u re d fe m u r, a s k e d fo r h o t-w a te r b o ttle s. B e in g to ld th a t th e re w e re n o n e in the h o u se e x c e p t a T h e r m o s F la s k , h e in s is t e d o n t h is b e in g fille d w ith h o t w a te r a n d p la c e d a g a in t th e p a tie n t ! A p p a r e n t ly h e d id n o t k n o w th a t a T h e r m o s F la s k retains and does not transmit h e a t!! — B. A ., C a m b r id g e .

The Mayor of Plymouth publicly presented to the George-street Church Ambulance Corps, on March 7th, a Motor Ambulance for voluntary service in the town. The ambulance corps is not connected with the St. John Ambulance Brigade, although nearly all its members have passed through the classes of the Association. The corps was founded in 1910, with Dr. T. G. Cawdrey as hon. surgeon, and Mr. Hedley V. Miller as the superintendent. The ambulance station is open night and day throughout the year.

■

M . W - '. d l .i h

[iff READY SOUPS j

— F I R S T

March, 1918.

A ID .—

143

f or

t e

Nurses’

W ear

R A RRO D S are appointed by the St. Jo h n Am bulance B r i g a d e and

B r i t i s h Red C ross Society, and a ll m aterials and p a t t e r n s are approved thereby.

T h e

We welcome en quiries as a complinvint to our un doubted sphere of usefulness.

U rg en t

N e e d ROM doctors on behalf of patients— and from patients themselves— urgent appeals lor special supplies of Hall’s Wine continue to reach us.

N. U. 7. — Well-cut Apron, good skitt, handy pocket, in stout Apron Cloth, linen finish. Lengths 36, 38 and 40 in., 2/6. N- U. 31. — Circular Cloak with Under front in thoroughly showerproof and shrunk cloths. Cravenetted Cashmere, 29/6 . Fine Coating Serge 34/- and 39/-

HARRODS LTD

A lad y w rites : “ M v husband having derived much benefit from H a ll’s W in e w ould lik e to continue taking it. I should be grateful if you could send some.” A nother lady w rites : “ T h e doctor has ordered it for my son, who has had a serious illness. Please o b lig e .”

SW 1

Uniform Clothing & Equipment Co.

Patients must not forget that although Hall’s Wine is vital to their health— it is equally necessary to thousands of others.

H a lls W in e

LONDON

Woodman Burbidge Managing Director

BEST AND

Latest

C H E A PE ST HOUSE

Pattern

Khaki

IN T H E T R A D E .

Uniforms a Speciality.

C o n tra cto rs f o r : — S t. Jo h n A m b u lance B rig a d e ; B r it is h Red C ro ss, & c .; O fficers and P riv a te s; also fo r A rm y , N avy, Police and F ir e B rigades. SEND

FOR

P R IC E

L IS T

AND

P A TTER N S

TO :-

Uniform Clothing & Equipment Co, (FR ED

5, $

EVANS,

Proprietor!,

C le rk e n w e ll Qreen, F a r r in g d o n Road, L O N D O N . E.O. Telephone—No. 2 3 5 3 Holborn. Telegrams— " Evao*. Clerkenwell Green, London,

The Supreme Restorative Owing to war restrictions we are Only able to meet a proportion of the orders for Hall’s Wine. All our agents are treated alike, and get a fair share. Where retailers are temporarily out of stock we appeal to the public to show patience. Extra

L arge

Size,

4/6.

S m a l l e r S i z e , a/9.

0/ a ll W ine M erchants, and Grocers and Chemists w ith W ine Licences. S t e p h e n S m it h &

Co.,

Ltd .,

Bow,

L ondon,

E. 3.

Bcngcr s admirable preparation The Lancet.

F o o d

«or I n f a n t s , I n v a l i d s & theA g e d . C o n s l a n t p r e s c r i p t i o n b v l e a d i n g m e d i c a l a u t h o r i t i e s in E n t e r ic , a n d o th e r f e v e r s , h a s s t a n d a r d is e d B e n g e r s fo r a ll i lo e s s e s in v o lv in g s e r io u s d i g e s t iv e d is tu r b a n c e .

Sold in tins ly Chemists,etc. , everywhere BENOER’S FOOD 1TD ., — Otter Works, — MANCHESTER,

Eng.

Branch Offices : NewYork & Sydnev. Dc-pfltsthroughout Canada.

— F I R S T

144

AID. —

M a rch , 1 9 1 8

MANUALS

FIRST-AID,

&e.,

By N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , B .A ., M .B ., B .C (C a n ta b ), M .R .C .S .

AIDS

F I R S T -A ID .

Third Edition. Post free, 70. |( First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with Aius to Memory. ‘ €*l. S a n t lie contributes an introduction an d we endorse his good opinion 0/ the book. ”— Lancet.

AIDS

H O M E -N U R SIN G .

Second Edition. Price 7 d . , post free. Home-Nursing Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory. “ This book w onderfully sim plifies a complex subject and should be read by a ll students." — L . & N . W . R y . Gazette.

WHY

H a n m e r ’s L ife -S a v in g L e c tu r e s . CAN B

T U

P A

L A

I f so , d o it a t o n c e ! G e t th e p r o m is e o f the lo a n o f it fo r o ne n ig h t a n d th e n w rite to “ H A N M E R ” fo r p a r t ic u la r s o f a s c h e m e th a t w ill g iv e th e A m b u la n c e m o v e m e n t in y o u r d is t r ic t a g o o d lift. M r. H a n m e r is n o w b o o k in g d a te s fo r e x h ib it io n s in the p r o v in c e s o f the O

F F I C I A L

F I R

S T

A I D

F I L M

Send 3d. stamps for N o velty B o oklet and full p a rticu la rs to :— I I A N M E R , Official Demonstrator S .J .A . A ., G o l d t h o r p e , N r. Rotherham . W ir e : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe. ”

R E A D IN G ”

an d

“

P R E SC R IP T IO N

ELEM ENTARY

HINTS

App ly (stamp) to Me. J. E. Waldbn, Sec., Westminster College (Lady Dispensers Section of the Westminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874), I 12 , S t . G e o r g e ’ s R o a d . S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

F iR S T - A I D .

FOR

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AN M.

IN D EX O F F IR S T -A ID . C A R V E L L , M .R .C .S ., L .S .A .L on d .

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Price 7 d . , post free. Difficulties la Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer. l l lVe commend this book to Lecturers and Students who w ill f n d it o f great serviee. " — First Aid.

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P ric e 6 d . n e t.

NOTES

ON By

P ost fre e 7d.

FIRST S id n e y

AID H.

SIMPLIFIED.

Lam b.

\ T> O ffic e rs R e g u la t io n G re a t C o a ts . D a r k A H an dboo k in a tabulated ar d sim plified form givin g the main points in •fj .X X .X ) . G r e y b e a v e r c lo th , 4 5s. to m e a su re . first aid, so arranged as to im press them on the memory of the student. S u p e r io r q u a lit y M e n ’s G re a t C o a ts , 32 s. 6d .— W r it e fo r D A L E , R EYN O LD S & CO ., L td ., 46, C a n n o n S t., LONDON, E .C . 4 . p a tt e r n s a n d p a r t ic u la r s , T h o r n t o n & C o ., t a ilo rs , B r ig h o u s e .

O R S A L E . — R e g u la t io n B r o w n L e a t h e r B e lt s a n d P o u c h e s ; a ls o C a p s a n d O v e rc o a t s ; s a m p le s o n a p p r o v a l.— F o lle tt, 4, V ic t o r ia - a v e n u e , B is h o p s g a t e , L o n d o n , E . C .

Prin ted and P ub li.h ed by D a l e , R

eyn o ld s

“ FIRST AID” QUERY and REPLIES COUPON. To be cut out and enclosed w ith a ll Queries M

arch,

1918.

& C o ., L td ., 46, C annon S t., L o n d o n , E .C .4 ., to whom a ll com m unication, .h .u ld be addressed.

F I R S T AID AN D

ST.

JOHN

THE

-----

A M BU LAN CE

GAZETTE.

Edited by ARTHUR B. DALE. A PR IL,

No. 286.— V o l . X X IV .

NOTICE

1918.

[E n tered a t S ta tio n e rs'H a ll.]

[

PRICE THREEPENCE Annum, Post FreiI

16 Per

part in the important services it represents.

READERS.

In the mean

time, we must be content to carry on as usefully as we possibly can, and we hope our readers will support us in

F I R S T A I D is published on the a o t h o f e a c h m o n t h . A n n ual Subscription is 3 s . 6 d . post free ; single copies 3 d .

T he

this effort. N .B .— The subscription rate will be 3s. 6d. per annum post free.

Liverpool Auxiliary Hospital Wounded Officers.

Subscriptions, A dvertisem ents and other business Com m unications connected w ith F I R S T A I D should be forwarded to the Publishers, D ALE,

REYN O LDS

46, C a n n o n

S treet,

L td .,

C O .,

London,

E .C . 4.

Telegraphic A ddress: “ Twenty-jour, London Telephone No. 3 4 7 7 Bank.

for

Avenue Auxiliary Hospital was opened on February

9th by the Lord Bishop of Liverpool.

Mr. Tobin, chair

man of the Hospital Committe and also of the Liverpool Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association, explained the origin and purpose of the new hospital, said :— We meet here to-day to add one more stone to that great edi fice of hospital work, the foundations of which were laid in

EDITORIAL.

Jerusalem 870 years ago. Since the beginning of the war the Order of St. John

A s n o t if i e d in o u r la st is su e, c o m m e n c -

To Our Readers.

i n g w it h th is n u m b e r o f F i r s t A i d th e price

r a is e d

further n otice. th is

step

w ith

threepence

u n til

W e have d ecid ed upon

great reluctance.

A lth o u gh

n e a r ly e v e r y

o t h e r J o u r n a l h a s r a i s e d its p r i c e l o n g a g o , w e h a v e so far h e s i t a t e d in t a k i n g th is c o u r s e , b u t t h e c o n t i n u o u s ris e in cost

paper

r e s tr i c tio n s s e r io u s

and

labou r and

paper

sh ortage

also

con su m ptio n ,

s u p p l ie s ,

have

th e

drastic

attribu table now

official to

rendered

th e th is

in crease necessary. A s regard s th e effect o f the c h a n g e o f p rice u p on our c i r c u l a t i o n , w e a n t i c i p a t e th a t w e m a y lo se s o m e o f

our

has established in England 230 hospitals, and the number grows month by month. The zeal and activities of our great rival and close friend, the British Red Cross Society, are well known to all of you. Side by side we strive and struggle to alleviate this great mass of suffering, and to answer: “ We will help you— we will help you,” to that great silent appeal. And we meet here that our voices, small and humble though they be, may go to swell that mighty answer to that call by saying : “ We will help you.” No effort shall be spared in this Hospital to translate those words into action. I look forward hopefully, trustfully, anticipating that the wounded who pass through this Hospital will carry with them pleasant memories of care they received here, and grateful thoughts of the skill of the surgeons and doctors, the devotion of the nurses, and the zeal, cheerfulness, and efficiency of the whole staff.

re a d e rs, a n d w e w o u l d a s k t h o s e w h o d e c i d e to d i s c o n t i n u e the p u rch ase of F

irst

to n o t ify t h e ir n e w s a g e n t s at

th e e a r li e s t p o s s i b l e m o m e n t , so as to e n a b l e u s to p r in t u p

irst

has m a d e

m any new

friends d u rin g the

w a r a n d its c i r c u l a t i o n s t a n d s at a h i g h e r f ig u r e t h a n it h a s d o n e f o r s o m e y e a r s past.

The Official Cinema Ambulance Film was shown for the first time at Poplar on April i6tb, in connection with which

c l o s e l y to m e e t a c t u a l r e q u i r e m e n t s .

W h e n m ore h a ppier con d itio n s

1st Ambulance Officer Hanmer gave his First Aid Lecture. T he Mayor of Poplar presided over the gathering, supported by Sir A. W. Yeo, M.P., and Captain-Allen.

In spite of

inclement weather, a large and enthusiastic audience was

p r e v a i l w e h a v e i d e a s for i n c r e a s i n g its s c o p e , in te r e s t a n d

present, and the film created a great deal of interest,

u t i li t y

besides being of much educational value.

w h ich , we

h o p e , w ill e n a b l e it to p l a y a v a l u a b l e

146

— FIRST jvalej,,

? 1

|||

jp ,, Qr*nd J rio rg of the 0 e d « of the h o sp ita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland.

* “

AM BULANCE

Jhe

John

C o m m issio n e r :

.Ambulance B rigade.

D IS T R ICT- ORDERS.

No. . District. D epu ty

S t.

DEPARTM ENT.

--------

W IN N Y .

M A Y , 1918. S u n d a y D u t y , St. P a u l’s C a t h e d r a l. S u n d a y , 5 th .— N o . 40 D iv is io n , B e c k t o n . „ 1 2 th .— N o . 44 „ W est London. „ 1 9 t h .- N o . 46 „ Ilf o r d . „ 2 6 th .— N o . 4 7 „ L .B . & S . C . R y . , W illo w W a lk F r o m 2 .3 0 p .m . to 5.30 p .m . K e y fro m St. J o h n ’s G a te , 2 p.m . C O M B IN E D

D R IL L .

A c o m b in e d d r il l o f s e v e ra l D iv is io n s w a s h e ld o n S a t u r d a y , A p r i l 1 2 th , in th e T e m p le G a rd e n s . T h e d r il l p ro v e d to b e v e r y s u c c e s s fu l, a n d th e D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r h a s b e e n r e q u e s t e d to a r r a n g e s im ila r c o m b in e d d r ills in th e c e n t r a l p a rt o f L o n d o n . I f p o s s ib le , t h is w ill b e d o n e a t a n e a r ly d a te . A r r a n g e m e n t s w ill b e m a d e , a s in th e T e m p le G a rd e n s , fo r p r a c t ic e in t r a n s p o r t in g p a tie n ts , a n d lo a d in g a n d u n lo a d in g A m b u la n c e W a g o n s . NEW

D IV IS IO N S .

T h e f o llo w in g n e w D iv is io n s h a v e b e e n fo rm e d :— A ?n b u la n ce D iv is io n s .— N o . 7 9 , G e n e r a l E le c t r ic D iv is io n . N o . 80, S to k e N e w in g t o n D iv is io n . N u r s in g D iv is io n s .— N o . 40, S t ra t fo rd . N o . 4 1 , B rix t o n . RO LL OF HONOUR. T h e D e p u t y C o m m is s io n e r m u c h re g re t s to re p o rt th a t the f o llo w in g m e m b e rs o f th e St. J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e , N o . 1 D is t r ic t , h a v e b e e n k ille d in a c tio n . P te . P . H . P r in g le , N o . 3 7 D iv is io n , G .W . R . P te . B o u lto n , N o . 58 D iv is io n , L o n d o n P o s t O ffice . P te. G e o rg e A r t h u r W a lk e r , N o . 58 D iv is io n , L o n d o n P o s t O ffice . P te . W o o lv e r t o n , N o . 7 5 D iv is io n , S o u th e n d . P te . M a lc h e r , N o . 51 D iv is io n , C ro y d o n . P te . H . J . W a k e le y , N o . 2 D iv is io n , H a g g e r s t o n . P te . C . H . B u n t in g , N o . 1 3 D iv is io n , K in g ’s C ro s s . P te . S te v e n s , N o . 7 5 D iv is io n , S o u th e n d . P te . K il li p , N o . 11 D iv is io n , W e m b le y a n d H a r le s d e n . P te . W illia m W r ig h t , N o . 40 D iv is io n , B e c k to n . E X E M P T IO N

FRO M

B R IG A D E T IO N .

R E - E X A M IN A

A n im p r e s s io n s e e m s to be c u r r e n t a m o n g s t so m e D i v i s io n a l O ffic e rs th a t i f a m e m b e r o f th e D iv is io n is e n g a g e d in a G o v e r n m e n t O ffic e d o in g c le r ic a l w o r k in o r d in a r y h o u rs o f d u t y , h e is a u t o m a t ic a lly e x e m p t fro m th e B r ig a d e r e -e x a m in a tio n . I t h a s b e e n d e c id e d th a t e x e m p tio n m a y be g r a n te d to th o se m e m b e rs o f D iv is io n s w h o a re c a lle d u p fo r the A r m y , o r w h o a re g iv in g th e w h o le o f t h e ir tim e to H o s p it a l w o rk , o r a re d o in g s u c h o th e r w o rk c o n n e c te d w ith th e w a r th a t it is n ot p o s s ib le fo r th e m to p u t in a n a tte n d a n c e a t t h e ir D iv is io n o r s it fo r t h e ir B r ig a d e R e -e x a m in a t io n , b u t t h is is n o t in te n d e d to im p ly to th o se m e m b e rs o f D iv is io n s w h o a re s im p ly d o in g a n o r d in a r y d a y ’s w o rk in a G o v e rn m e n t O ffice , M u n it io n F a c t o r y , o r d o in g o th e r w o rk o f N a t io n a l Im p o r t a n c e , a n d c a n a r r a n g e a fte r o ffic ia l h o u r s to d o t h e ir D iv is io n a l w o rk . (S ig n e d )

W . H . W IN N Y ,

Deputv- Commissioner. H e a d q u a r t e r s :— S t. J o h n ’s G a te , C le r k e n w e ll, E . C . IM P O R T A N T

N O T IC E .

D iv is io n a l S e c r e ta rie s a re re q u e s te d w h e n s e n d in g n e w s p a p e r c u t t in g o f t h e ir m e e tin g s , etc., to g iv e th e d a te o f p u b li c a t io n o f th e n e w s p a p e rs .— E d i t o r .

AI D. —

April, 1918.

No. 3 District. C o v e n t r y . — O n S a t u r d a y , M a r c h 2 3 rd , a w h is t d r iv e a n d s o c ia l w a s g iv e n b y the n u r s in g s is t e r s o f th e S .J .A .B . C o v e n t r y C o - o p e ra t iv e N u r s in g D iv is io n to th e p a tie n ts in th e B a r r a c k s M ilit a r y H o s p it a l, a n d a ll s p e n t a n e n jo y a b le e v e n in g . N u m e r o u s p riz e s w e re g iv e n to th e s u c c e s s fu l p la y e rs , a n d a fte r w h is t the p a tie n ts p a rto o k o f re fre s h m e n ts p r o v id e d b y N u r s in g S is t e rs T ip le r a n d B a ll. A w e ll- a p p r e c ia t e d c o n c e r t fo llo w e d , S u rg e o n M a jo r O r t o n o c c u p y in g the c h a ir . A m o n g th o se p r e se n t w e re M r s . a n d M is s O r t o n a n d C a p t. N e w to n , R . A . M . C . A ft e r th e c o n c e rt, M a jo r O rto n k in d ly p re se n te d th e p riz e s to th e s u c c e s s fu l p la y e rs , a n d m o v e d a v o te o f t h a n k s to th e N u r s in g S is t e rs , the L a d y O ffic e r (M r s . E . H e w it t ) a n d th e L a d y S e c r e t a r y (M r s . M . A . G a s k in s ) fo r th e th o ro u g h m a n n e r in w h ic h th e s o c ia l fu n c t io n w a s c a r r ie d o ut ; a n d a ls o t h a n k e d th e a rt is t s fo r t h e ir s e r v ic e s . S e rg t. W y n n e , o n b e h a lf o f n u rs e s a n d staff, re sp o n d e d .

No. 9 Disrict. E x e t e r . — D r . R . H . G r im b ly , th e D . C . o f th e D is t r ic t , p re s e n te d lo n g s e r v ic e m e d a ls to m e m b e rs o f th e C it y o f E x e t e r D iv is io n . T h e r e c ip ie n ts o f th e m e d a ls w e re D iv is io n a l S u p t. E . A . B o w d e n , A m b u la n c e O ffic e r F . R iv e r s , S e rg t. Y o u n g a n d P te . C la rk e . T h e la t te r w a s a b s e n t w ith a b a tt a lio n o f th e D e v o n s , a n d h is m e d a l w ill be f o rw a rd e d to h im . D r . G r im b ly s a id th e h o n o u r h a d b e e n c o n fe rre d o n th e m , n o t fo r a n y p a r t ic u la r a c t, b u t fo r lo n g a n d fa ith fu l s e r v ic e in a m b u la n c e w o rk . H e h o p e d th e o th e r m e n w o u ld be e n c o u ra g e d to e m u la te t h e ir e x a m p le . I t w a s la r g e ly d u e to D iv is io n a l S u p t. B o w d e n th a t the E x e t e r D iv is io n h a d a tta in e d its p re se n t e ffic ie n c y , w h ile A m b u la n c e O ffic e r R iv e r s w a s a lm o s t th e m a in s p r in g o f the w o rk . W h a t th e E x e t e r m e n w e re d o in g at t h is tim e w a s p a r t ic u la r ly u s e fu l, a n d b y th e h o s p ita ls it w as h ig h ly v a lu e d . F a l m o u t h . — A p re s e n ta tio n w a s m a d e b y th e m e m b e rs a n d s tu d e n ts o f the F a lm o u t h D iv is io n a n d V o lu n t a r y A id D e ta c h m e n t , S .J . A . B ., o f a g o ld w ris tle t w a tch , h a n d b a g , & c ., to C o m m a n d a n t M r s . A . G . C ro p p e r , o n the o c c a s io n o f h e r d e p a rt u r e fro m F a lm o u t h to ta k e u p f u ll tim e w a r s e rv ic e . M r s . C ro p p e r h a s b e e n in c h a r g e o f th e d iv is io n s in c e its fo rm a tio n in 1910, a n d it is th e s e n io r d iv is io n in C o r n w a ll, h a s a s tre n g th o f 50 m e m b e rs , f u lly u n ifo rm e d , a n d h o ld s a g o o d r e c o rd o f w a r s e r v ic e . F ir s t O ffic e r M r s . R . S. H o s k e w m a d e th e p re s e n ta tio n , a n d e x p r e s s e d th e d e e p r e g re t o f th e m e m b e rs o n th e lo s s o f t h e ir c o m m a n d a n t, a n d w is h e d h e r s u c c e s s in h e r fu tu re w o rk .

No. 11 District. B l a i n a . — T h e a n n u a l in s p e c t io n o f the B la in a A m b u la n c e D iv is io n to o k p la c e o n M a r c h 7th . T h e m e n w e re u n d e r the c o m m a n d o f S e rg t. W m . G a r d n e r , a n d th e re w a s a g o o d tu rn o ut. T h e in s p e c t io n w a s ta k e n b y A c t in g D is t r ic t O ffic e r B . F . M a b e r ly , o f C a r d if f, w h o m a d e a th o ro u g h e x a m in a tio n o f th e w h o le d iv is io n a n d fo u n d th e m e m b e rs w e ll u p in fir s t a id a n d d r ill, a n d h e c o m p lim e n te d th e m o n t h e ir w o rk . T h e p a r a d e t e rm in a t e d w ith a v o te o f t h a n k s to M r . M a b e r ly .

The Victorian Railways, N.S.W. Ambulance, recently completed their Annual competitions with very satisfac tory results. Hitherto it has been the practice to hold the competitions extending over two days, but owing to the increased number of entries that were received it was de cided to hold District Competitions. This year the State was divided into six districts, viz, Northern, North-Western, North-Eastern, Eastern and South-Western (combined), North Suburban and South Suburban.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ First Aid "

—FIRST

April, 19*8

The Treatment of Special Wounds and Bites. By

C H A R L E S PH E LPS CU SH IN G .

R a t h e r g r i m , th is lis t o f t o p i c s — “ a b d o m i n a l w o u n d s , s n a k e b ites, e y e w o u n d s , d o g a n d c a t b it es, l o c k j a w , stin gs a n d b i t e s o f i n s e c t s a n d s p i d e r s , w o u n d s w h e r e b l e e d i n g is

AI D. —

14 7

T he principle is simple : set your heel on a garden hose and you stop the flow of water from the nozzle. “ Any doctor or nurse can show you in halt a minute or less how to apply a tourniquet. “ First of all, the student must learn the location of the courses of the arteries and the best pressure points at which to apply the tourniquet’s pad. It is as if you had to mend a leak in a garden hose without shutting off the faucet. If you stepped on the hose at a point beyond where the leak occurred, the water would keep on spout ing You have to shut off the flow at a place between the leak and the pumping station. Now the heart is a pump, a wonderful little double-sided affair (twocylinder, if you prefer) no bigger than your fist, but pulsating on an average of seventy-two times a minute and driving the blood at a lively rate to the very ex tremes of your body. T he left side of the engine drives the supply tp the greater part of the body ; the right side " supplies the lungs.

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B r a d f o r d C ity D

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severe.” If sensitive readers cannot fore bear a shudder at the prospect, the writer knows just how they feel. H e felt the same way himself when the time ap proached for his interview with the Red Cross surgeon who is the source of in formation for these articles. But as the interview progresses the reporter experi enced a decided change of sentiment. His repugnance turned into admiration for the mechanism of the human machine and into wonder at some of the achieve ments of modern medical science. “ The last time we got together,” the surgeon was saying, “ I told you that in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred all that is necessary to stop a wound from bleed ing is exposure to the air or the pressure of the dressing applied. Knowing this, don’t become alarmed at the sight of blood. Don’t become flustered and hurried. If the pressure of the wound dressing does not check the flow, check it yourself with a tourniquet. “ Now a tourniquet, as I told you last month, is simply a band or strap of any material that happens to be convenient (a bandage cloth, a necktie, a hankerchief, a towel) twisted tightly enough to press hard on a pad and stop the vein or artery underneath it from flowing into the wound. a watch

The pad may be a stone, a cork,

anything solid and of convenient size— wrapped

up in cloth or paper to prevent it from bruising the skin.

* 1

“ The left side of our pumping engine drives the blood away from the heart along these courses, across the collar bone and down the inside of the arm in a line almost paralleling the seam of a man’s coat sleeve, but up] a line on each side of the neck to the temples, down a line inside the thigh and the calf of the leg, again almost following the seam the tailor puts in the clothing. Is this difficult to remember ? As for the pressure points, they are simply

B r a d fo r d C ity N

u rsin g

ivisio n .

convenient spots along these lines to apply the tourniquet’s local pressure, as, for example, at the bend of the elbows, at the temples, or back of the knee.” There are two ways, the surgeon pointed out, to tell when the wound we are dealing with has severed an artery. One is by the bright red colour of arterial blood, and another by the fact that the flow from an artery is in spurts and pulsations, not in a steady stream. “ All efforts to

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stop bleeding have as their object clotting of blood so that the clots will plug the bleeding vessels. Therefore we must know the best way to help the clots to form. In order to clot, the blood must be at comparative rest. A spouting stream of blood will never clot. This is one reason why bleeding from arteries is particularly dangerous. As soon as we stop the bleeding the blood begins to clot but not before. Any foreign material, especially if it has many points on which clots may form, will help in the formation of clots. Surgical gauze is a good example. Just as the pipes of a waterworks system diminish in size as they divide and branch off from a main, the arteries “ as they go further from the heart become smaller and thinner-walled till they finally end in still smaller vessels called capillaries, from the Latin word meaning hair. The capillaries form a delicate network of vessels everywhere, and give the rosy colour to the skin. . . . Naturally, on account of the minute size of these vessels, bleeding from them, except from a very large surface, is not danger ous to life. Capillaries branch so freely that pressure used to check capillary bleeding, to be effective, must be made on the bleeding point. The blood lost from capillaries is no longer bright red in colour like that from the arteries, but is somewhat darker.” The darkest blood of all, a bluish red, is that which after passage through the capillaries returns toward the heart through the veins. The flow from a cat vein is steady, not in spurts ; and as its course is toward the heart, pressure to stop it must be placed upon the vein on the side away from the heart. “ I do not dare to dwell too long on the details of giving first aid in the kind of case which occurs so rarely as does this of severe bleeding,” the surgeon continued.* “ But as a matter of education we all ought to know, in a general way, enough about the blood system to learn to respect it and to know what to do in an emergency. Often enough the most difficult thing the first aider has to do is to keep his own self control and not allow the sight of blood to fluster him. Remember three duties:— 1, Send for a doctor. 2, Check the bleeding. 3, Make the patient as comfortable as possible. Next to a warning not to leave a tourniquet on any longer than is necessary. As a jog to memory, the surgeon skimmed rapidly over the headings in two chapters of the text book that deal with wounds. “ We have discussed how to treat ordinary wounds and wounds where bleeding is severe,” he remarked. “ Be fore we leave the subject a few words should be added about some special wounds. “ Most wounds are no worse for exposure to the air, but beware of that when the delicate structures of the con tents of the abdomen are exposed. Such a wound must not be allowed to become dry or the result may be fatal. Cover the wound with a clean cloth kept constantly moistened with a weak solution of salt and water— and if possible have the water boiled. Take every precaution to prevent infection. “ Concerning eye wounds which are severe enough to require the assistance of a doctor, the best thing the first aider can do while the professional is on his way is to lessen the inflammation by binding both eyes with soft cloths soaked in cool water. A drop of castor oil or olive oil is soothing. 1 The text book devotes several paragraphs to the treatment of poisonous snake bites. Thisjfis not, however, on the ground that such injuries are generally common, for they aien’t. Briefly, the treatment is this : First, twist a string or bandage tightly enough above the wound to shut

AID. —

April, 1918

off the poisoned blood from circulating through the body. Then ‘ milk ’ or suck the wound to extract as much of the poison as possible. There is no danger in this latter pro cess unless your mouth is cut or bruised. Then burn the place with a hot iron or cauterize it with ammonia. A d minister stimulants as required. “ The treatment for a dog or cat bite is the same as for a snake bite— tie it off, squeeze the wound to make it bleed and then cauterize it. Don’t lose any time about consulting a doctor. Hydrophobia is preventable but not curable.”— From the U.S.A. R ed Cross Magazine.

practical joints. The E d itor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to goes, and bad toints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

C ulpable

and

M e d d leso m e F ir st A id .

A p a c k in g c a s e s lip p e d fro m it s p o s itio n , s t r u c k a m a n w ith fo rc e s u ffic ie n t to d o u b le h im u p a n d re n d e r h im u n c o n s c io u s . A ft e r a s h o r t tim e he r e g a in e d c o n s c io u s n e s s , b e c a m e c h a t t y a n d c h e e rfu l, a n d w a s a b le to m o v e h is toes. H i s s h o p m a te s, th e re fo re , d e c id e d th a t th e re w a s n o t h in g m u c h w ro n g , b u n d le d h im in to a fo u r-w h e e le d c a b a n d re m o v e d h im to h is h o m e , a s s u r in g th e m a n ’s w ife th a t the in ju r ie s w e re a s c a lp w o u n d a n d b r u is e d le g . T h e y p la c e d h im o n th e flo o r o f h is b e d ro o m , p ro c e e d e d to u n d r e s s h im b y c u ttin g th e s id e sea m o f th e tro u s e rs a n d fo u n d th a t b lo o d w a s is s u in g fro m a w o u n d th r o u g h w h ic h a b ro k e n t h ig h b o n e c o u ld be felt. F u rth e r e x a m in a tio n p ro v e d th a t, in a d d it io n to th e c o m p o u n d , c o m p li c a te d fra c t u re o f fe m u r, the m a n w a s s u ffe rin g fro m in ju r ie s to c h e s t a n d fro m s e v e ra l s c a lp w o u n d s. N . B . — T h e s ig n s o f fra c t u re v a r y c o n s id e ra b ly , a n d it is t o t a lly in c o r r e c t to e x c lu d e a fra c t u r e o f lo w e r lim b b y re a s o n o f a b s e n c e o f S h o c k a n d m o v e m e n ts o f to e s .— F . A ., C h a r in g C ro s s . M u lt ip le E

m e r g e n c ie s.

W it h re fe re n c e to th e in t e re s tin g m u lt ip le e m e rg e n c ie s r e c e n t ly re p o rte d u n d e r “ P r a c t ic a l P o in t s ,” I have had eight cases under treatment at the same time, a ll b e in g d u e to the sa m e ca u s e s. I n a c e rt a in L o n d o n O ffic e tw e lv e g ir ls w ere a c c u s t o m e d to w o r k in a ro o m w h ic h m e a s u re d 18 ft. in le n g th , 16 ft. in b re a d t h a n d 12 ft. in h e ig h t. O n e m o r n in g a fu rth e r s ix g ir ls w e re d e ta ile d fo r d u t y in t h is ro o m , w ith th e r e s u lt th a t a n h o u r la t e r I w a s s u m m o n e d , a s a m b u la n c e m a n , to the o ffice b e c a u s e a g i r l h a d fa in te d . B e fo re I a r r iv e d , h o w e v e r, f u r t h e r f a in t s o c c u r r e d , a n d I am n o t lik e ly to fo rg e t th e p ic t u r e w h ic h g re e te d m e o n a r r iv a l. I n s h o rt, th e ro o m r e s e m b le d a s la u g h t e r-h o u s e , b e c a u s e s c a tte re d h e re th e re a n d e v e ry w h e re w e re e ig h t g ir ls in v a r io u s d e g re e s o f fa in ts , a n d fo r th e m o m e n t I w a s p u zzle d w h e re to b e g in ! N . B . — T h e m e n ta l a n d p h y s ic a l c a u s e s o f S y n c o p e a re w e ll illu s t r a t e d in t h is re p o rt , th e fa in ts b e in % partly due to d e fic ie n t a ir - s u p p ly c o n s e q u e n t o n a b s e n c e o f p ro p e r v e n t ila t io n , partly due to th e effects o f s y m p a th y , a n d partly due to the c o m b in a tio n o f th e se tw o c a u s e s .— A . R ., L o n d o n B r id g e .

P s e u d o -I n t e r n a l H a e m o r r h a g e . A F ir s t - A id e r w a s re c e n t ly o n O p e n S p a c e d u t y w ith h is D iv is io n , a n d fo u n d , so m e d is t a n c e fro m th e A m b u la n c e S ta tio n , a m a n in a s ta te o f a p p a re n t c o lla p s e . W h ile he w a s e n d e a v o u r in g to e s t a b lis h th e c a u s e , th e p a tie n t v o m ite d a n d b ro u g h t u p a d a r k b ro w n , e v il- s m e llin g m ix tu re . F e a r in g u lc e r a t io n o f s to m a c h w ith in t e r n a l h a e m o rrh a g e , the F ir s t A id e r w is e ly e x e rc is e d h is “ d is c r im in a t io n ” a n d im m e d ia t e ly se n t fo r th e O ffic e r -in -c h a rg e , w h o d e m o n s tra te d th a t th e “ c o ffe e -g ro u n d ” v o m it c o n s is te d o f s ta le b e e r a n d c h o c o la te 1 S h o r t ly a ft e rw a rd s th e p a tie n t g o t u p a n d w a lk e d a w a y q u ic k ly . — C . T ., H a m p s t e a d .

April, 1918,

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ST.

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AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

149

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. The Genesis of the Indian Branch of the S.J.A.A. B y L ie u t .- C o l.

A . C . Y A T E , F.R.G.S., F.R.Hist.Soc.

( Continued from page 135.) I n December, 1 9 0 4 , Lord Curzon resumed his Viceroyalty at Calcutta. On the 23rd of that month I again wrote to His Excellency’s Private Secretary, and a month later found myself placed in communication with the Secretary to the Government of India in the Military Department, MajorGeneral De Brath. Space bids me compress into a few lines the result of two months correspondence and con ference with him. I handed over to him at Calcutta by the 26th March, under instructions from the Viceroy, three memoranda, viz. :— (1) List of Provincial and Native Centres, * 1 4 in all, excluding Railway and District Centres. (2) Memorandum on the Powers and Duties of the Central Committee of the Indian Branch. (3) “ Instructions for the guidance of the Central Committee of the Indian Branch.” (This last subject to the approval of the Central Exe cutive Committee of St. John’s Gate). These were acknowledged by Major-General de Brath in a letter dated 27th March, 1905, which says :— “ I have laid the matter before the Viceroy, and am desired to say that His Excellency approves of the formation of a Central Committee composed as follows ” I refrain from re peating a long list which is on record at St. John’s Gate and in India. Suffice it to say that the Committee was thoroughly representative of class and office, and that the Viceroy himself was President of the Branch, and the Commander.in-Chief President of the Committee. I tele graphed that day to St. John’s Gate that the Indian Branch Committee was formed, and left on the 31st, via Singapore, Japan and Canada, for England. From 1905 to 1908 the Indian Branch was a sort of waif and stray. Like a gallant ship, it weathered the time of trouble bravely, but there was no strong hand at the helm. I possessed my soul in patience, and at last fell in with two strong men who meant work, j Mr. Vivian Gabriel, I.C.S., and Major (now Colonel) Blackham, R .A .M .C. They went to India and worked to good purpose. Lord and Lady Minto supported them effectively, and the Governors* Lieut.-Governors. Chief Commissioners, Heads of Departments, Native Princes, and lesser official lumi naries, fell into line, and when war broke out in 1914 *V ide lists in the O rd e r’s R eport for 1906, p. 178, signed by L ie u t .C olonel A la n E . Y ate, R . A . M .C ., their J-Ion. Sec. In d ia n Branch. T h e M ad ras C entre is there shewn as “ in abeyance.” T h e truth is that much work was going on in M adras, but the G overn o r declined to cast his sem i-official aegis over it. + M r. G ab rie l had previously w orked w ith the Sim la, and M a jo r Blackham w ith a D evo npo rt or Plym outh Centre.

India was, from a Red Cross point of view, in some mea sure prepared for war. My congenial task was now finished. I tendered my resignation of the post of Hon. Organisining Commisioner for India. It was accepted in words which I esteem it an honour to quote. They are those of the Secretary-General of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem :— “ I am requested to convey to you the very best thanks of the ChapterGenral for your valuable services in India, and after leaving that country, in the office you have vacated— services which have tended to place the work of the Ambulance Depart ment in the Indian Empire on a much more satisfactory footing, and which will always be remembered by the Chapter-General, and the members generally, with grati tude, and as a further proof of your well-known interest in all that affects the well-being and prosperity of the Order.” Of one other utterance I cherish the memory. They are words spoken by the late Viscount Knutsford, Director of the Ambulance Department in 1900, and later SubPrior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, on 10th July, 1910, in the House of Lords :— “ In India we have done magnificent work, helped by Lord Curzon, Lord Minto and Lord Kitchener, and by Lieut.-Colonel A. Yate, who did good service in promoting it.” In the cold weather of 1905, the visit to India of the Grand Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, H .R .H . George Prince of Wales, was marked by the address pre sented to His Royal Highness, and signed on behalf of the Indian Branch Committee by Lord Kitchener, Sir Denzil ibbetson, and the Bishop of Lahore (Dr. Lefroy). Lord Kitchener discussed the Indian Branch with me in Calcutta, at the end of March, 1905, and was insistent that it should be made “ a big ,thing.” His address to the Prince of Wales, a copy of which is in my posession, states :— “ Work in this country was commenced in 1901 by Major (now Lieut.-Colonel) A. C. Yate, Indian Army, who in July, 1900, had submitted to the Central Executive Com mittee in London a scheme aiming at a permanent organi sation on definite lines, and who, with the sanction of the Grand Prior, was in December, 1900, appointed Hon. Organising Commisioner for India. This office, with brief intermissions, worked indefatigably until March of the present year, when, on the eve of his permanent de parture from India, and upon his application, His Excellency the Viceroy was pleased to approve of the formation of a Central Committee, with headquarters- in Simla, the object of its formation being to take over the direction of and to foster the movement in India, while giving a certain measure of official recognition and support.” I consider it necessary to draw particular attention to those words, “ official recognition and support,” because subsequently some misunderstanding arose about this. Lord Kitchener’s address further gave the composition of the Indian Branch Committee, a list of the Provincial Native States and Local Centres (sixteen in all) in India, an account of the work that was being done by the Rail ways, Volunteers, and Police, and a description of the

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“ most successful depot of stores managed at Bombay by Mr. George Lund.” T o this address H .R .H . the Grand Prior was pleased to vouchsafe a gracious reply, and during his tour in India presented the Railway Challenge Shield, at Khandwa Railway Station, to the team of the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, which had won it at the com petition at Jabalpur in March, over which I, for the second and last time, presided. His Royal Highness also pre sented twenty-two silver and bronze medals, awarded by the Order to twenty-two officers and men of the 1st and 7th Gurkha Rifles for the gallantry which they displayed in saving life during and after the disastrous earthquake which took place at Dharmsala on April 4th, 1905. The Railway Challenge Shield Competition Volunteers’ Challenge Shield has proved more difficult to arrange to the convenience of competitors coming from a distance. His Majesty’s Secretary of State for India has been prompt during the war in recognition of and expressions of gratitude for the conspicuous generosity of the [native Princes— generosity which has not infrequently taken the form of contributions of money aud material for the use of the Indian Branch of the Ambulance Department of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. The Indian Branch itself, which has thus, in the space of fifteen years, won the confidence and regard of high and low in India, should not be forgotten. Once only do I recollet a Secretary of State for India expressing appreciation of its services, and that was when a bomb was thrown, with disastrous results, at Lord Hardinge of Penhurst during his ceremonial entrance into Delhi. T he Ambulance Detachment close by was prompt to render aid. The thanks accorded to it were well deserved.

Benefits I Derived From Lecture' Given by Sergt. Hanmer. ( Continued fro m page 137). I I .— B l e e d i n g . supports life ( 1 ) by regulating and sustaining the body temperature (II). Supplying the body and tissues with liquid and moisture (III). Absorbing from the air and carrying oxygen to the tissues (IV). Renewing and replacing the output of nourishment, and (V) by carrying out Nature’s plans for the discharge of waste material. The organs concerned in the circulation of the blood are the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries and lungs. Arteries carry blood from the heart and convey it to all parts of the body. T he Capillaries connect the arteries and the veins The veins convey the blood back to the heart, from whence it passes into the lungs, where it gives off its impurities and gets a fresh supply of oxygen. The blood in the arteries is of a bright red colour and issues from a wound in spurs or jets, but if the artery is deep seated it may not issue in this manner. Venous blood is of a dark colour and issues from wound in continuous stream. Hcemorrhage — In all cases of injury examine carefully for haemorrhage and give it your fir s t attention. Nature’s way of arresting haemorrhage is by formation of a clot, and this is the best of all ways— a clot shou'd never be disturbed, as a clot not only arrests bleeding but also prevents entrance of germs. Haemorrhage can be arrested by (I) digital pressure, (II) pad and bandage, (III) flexion, (IV) torniquet. In all cases patient must be placed in recumbent position and bleeding p a r t elevated and supported. When arresting B

lood

AMBULANCE

G A ZE TT E. —

April, 1918

haemorrhage let the flection method and tourniquet be used only as last resources. O f course, in the case of very severe injury, such as limb torn off, you may have to put on a tourniquet as a precautionary method, but in this case the tourniquet should not be left on long ; get the doctor immediately, and if any delay arises loosen touriquet very often to see if bleeding is controlled and then you may leave it slightly loosened unless haemorrhage starts again ; of course, patient must be watched incessantly. In all cases of haemorrhage let there be no delay in getting the services of a doctor. It is most important in all cases of haemorrhage to treat for shock by keeping the patient warm ; see that he get as much air as possible and watch carefully for signs of collapse. A r ter ia l Hcemorrhage is to be stopped when possible by pressure either on the wound or on the pressure point; this pressure can be applied by the finger or pad and bandage, and don't forget position o f body and elevation of

part. Bleeding From Nose.— This is a case very often met with. Place patient sitting near open door or window with head slightly back and hands raised above head. Undo all tight clothing. Apply cold to bridge of nose and nape of neck. In arterial haemorrhage the pressure point is on heart side of wound. There is one case of arterial haemorrhage where pressure is to be applied on both sides of wound, that is, when “ carotid artery ” is wounded, as there is a connection between the two carotid arteries. The jugular vein lies so close to the carotid that it is very often wounded at the same time, and this another reason for pressure on both sides of the wound. In tern a l Hcemorrhage.— When an injury is accom panied by severe internal bleeding the patient shows signs of collapse, suffers from a ir hunger, yawns, throws the arms about, and the skin feels cold and clamy and pulse is low. Place patient lying with head low, see to free circulation of air, cover warmly, place ice-bag on seat of injury, and if haemorrhage is very severe bandage limbs from toes up to thighs and from fingers to arm-pits. Get doctor. Varicose Veins.— Bleeding from a varicose vein is a case the first-aider may meet with any day. The veins of the leg become varicose by long standing or the wearing of tight garters, etc., that is, the valves of the veins become diseased. Treatment.— Place patient lying down. Elevate the limb. Expose the wound. Remove all constrictions. Apply clean pad and tight bandage to wound. Apply another pad and bandage (on side of wound away from heart, and it may also be necessary to apply pressure on side of wound nearest to heart. On account of diseased condition of valves a varicose vein can bleed from both ends. In case of blood issuing from ear, no attempt must be made to stop it, just wipe away as it issues. Wounds.— Treatment. Stop bleeding. Prevent germs from entering. Expose wound. Remove foreign bodies if you see any in the wound, but don’t search for them. Then cover with a clean, dry, absorbent antiseptic dressing. Support injured part. Never wash a wound unless the water has been first boiled to render it antiseptic.

Mrs. W. Harvey Reeves, Assistant County Director Northants V.A.D., was among the recent recipients of the Royal Red Cross. Mrs. Reeves has been actively asso ciated with the St. John’s Ambulance Brigade in North ampton for many years past.

April, 1918

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ST.

The Chapel of St. John Brigade Hospital, Etaples. h i s Chapel was dedicated on the 1 6th November, 1 9 1 7 , by the Rt. Rev. the Bishop of New Westminster. It is situated nearly in the centre of the Hospital, adjoining the patients’ dining room. It is about 24 ft. by 20 ft., and capable of seating 45 people. For a largely attended service, screens are removed between the Chapel and the Dining Hall giving accomo dation for well over 100. The funds for this Chapel were collected within a fortnight of permission being granted for its erection, and during the few months since it was dedicated it has proved quite a centre to the Hospital. On entering there is such a feeling of repose. The delightful harmony and colouring of the Sanctuary carpet,

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to County Directors.

T he

C h apel

o f

St . Joh n

the blue and green shaded hangings, the beautiful crimson of the super-frontal, on which is embroidered the eight pointed Cross of the Order, do, indeed, make a happy change after the rush of a busy hospital life at the Front. On completion of the Chapel it was found that a harmonium was needed, and this was immediately pre sented by the generosity of Lady Mount-Stephen, who had already been one of the largest donors to the funds. Miss du Pre, a Lady of Grace of the Order and a member of the Brigade, was another generous donor. A Competition in First Aid between the Norwood Division Special Constables and the Norwood Section Volunteers took place last month, resulting in a win for the Specials. Dr. Halliwell was the examiner and Messrs. W. C. Banks, A. Vincent, and H. Mear of the -S.E. and C. Ry. Ambulance Corps were responsible for instructing the teams.

I s e n d you the following for your information:—

R e A lien s .— County Directors would help us consider ably and would also enable the War Office to give fair and just decisions regarding aliens, if they would be good enough to send any private information from Commandants or other sources with the first application, Identity Book, Passport, etc. In several instances the War Office has re fused to allow these aliens to be employed, and we have immediately received strong letters from their Com mandants giving information to the credit of the applicant, and urging the War Office to reconsider their decision. This seems to be a very unsatisfactory method of approach ing a Government Department.

B r ig a d e

H o sp ita l, E t a p l e s .

County Directors are asked to notify all their Com mandants that they must not enrol in their Voluntary Aid Detachments personnel employed by the Metropolitan Asylums Board, unless such applicants can produce a letter stating that they have permission to enrol. You will have notice in the Press that the War Office have now arranged to grade V .A .D . Nursing Members who have completed two years continuous service in a Military, Territorial or War Hospital, who have already been awarded the red efficiency stripe, rand who are recom mended by the Matron and C.O. of the Hospital. This promotion carries no increase of pay, but it is an enormous encouragement to our members who have so anxiously awaited some official recognition of their work. The Central Joint V.A.D. Committee have now under consideration a similar scheme for grading V.A.D . members working in Auxiliary and V.A.D. Hospitals, and we hope o be able to issue the scheme very shortly.

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I 1egret to inform you of the death of Dr. Nelson, County Director for Birmingham. The War Office has informed us that in future General Service Members and Labour Women will only be em ployed in Military Hospitals, where suitable accommadation already exists and where the conditions of work are satis factory for the employment of women. The. War Office have sanctioned the issue ot gum boots to General Service members serving Overseas, when these are considered necessary by the local Military Authority. The Committee hope very shortly to issue some simple suggestions regarding the duties of Commandants, Matrons, Lady Superintendents and Quartermasters in Auxiliary Hospitals, which it is hoped may be found useful. The rules are at present in the hands of the printers. County Directors are asked to impress upon their Commandants the necessity of all V . A D. personnel, officers and members alike, being in possession of the uni form certificate, J.V.A.D. 24. It has been agreed that if any senior member or Com mandant, after three years’ service in a Detachment, can show a certificate from her County Director that he is unable to give her suitable employment in his County, and that Devonshire House is unable to offer her a suitable post, such member shall be allowed to serve with an Allied Unit without having to resign from her Detachment, It has been found necessary to rule that no V.A.D. member shall, under any circumstances whatever, be posted for work under a domestic servant. Yours faithfully, C

h ilsto n

Chief County Director.

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order , St. fohn's Gate , Clerkenwell, London , E .C ., M arch 28th , ig i8 . T h e K in g h a s b e e n g r a c io u s ly p le a s e d to s a n c t io n the fo llo w in g p ro m o tio n s in , a n d a p p o in t m e n t s to, the O r d e r o f the H o s p it a l o f St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in. E n g la n d :—

A s Lady o f Justice ( from Ladv o f Grace ) : H e r G r a c e T h e D u c h e s s o f D e v o n s h ir e .

A s Knights of Grace : A r t h u r H e n r y L e s lie - M e lv ille . L t .- G e n e r a l S ir J o h n S te v e n C o w a n s , G .C .M .G ., K . C . B . , M .V .O . S ir W illia m P le n d e r , G .B . E . J a m e s F r a n c is C la r k H o s s a c k , F . R . C . C . S . , L .R .C .P .( F .d .) , (fro m H o n o r a r y A s s o c ia t e ). F r a n c i s E d w a r d J a m e s S m ith . S ir C h a r le s F o r r i s N ic h o ls o n , B t., M .P .

A s Ladies o f Grace : C a t h e r in e L e s lie , L a d y W in g a t e . F r a n c e s , L a d y L a y la n d B a rra t t .

A s E squ ire : L t .- C o l. H u b e r t F r e d e r ic k B a r c la y .

A s Honorary Serving Brothers : P e r c y G e o r g e R ic h e s . E d w in S c o tt. W i ll ia m T h o m a s K n ig h t . A lb e r t G e o r g e G u is e . H e r b e r t E d m u n d R ic h a r d s o n .

JO H N

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

April, 1918.

A s Honorary Serving Sisters : G e r a ld in e G e r t r u d e , M is s C o le s . R u t h , M is s L in d s a y . M in n ie , M is s B a te s. E l s i e M a u d e , M is s L e in s t e r . E u n ic e M a r y , M r s . P a d le y . M ia , M is s L u c a s . M a b e l, M is s W ig h t . S a r a h , M r s . W illia m s .

L o r E nrolm ent as Honorary Associates : C a p t a in M a u r ic e G . L o u is s o n , M .B ., B .S ., M .R . C . S . , L . R . C . P N .Z .M .C . M a jo r J o h n R e s t e ll T h o m a s , M .B .. N .Z .M .C . C a p t a in C h a rle s A r t h u r C o v e n to n , M .R .C .S ., L . R . C . P . N ig e l C o rb e t F le t c h e r , M .B ., B .C ., M . R .C .S ., L . R . C . P . T h e H o n . E u s t a c e S c o t t H a m ilt o n R u s s e ll. J o h n C h a r le s P ro b s t. M a jo r L o r im e r J o h n A u s t in , F . R . C . S . , R . A . M . C . , T . C . M a jo r B e r n a r d H u d s o n . J o h n L a n e K in g . J o s e p h C r y e r , M . R .C . S ., L . R . C . P . E d m u n d T h u rm a n .

Notes

and

News.

Fifty-four members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas arrived in England on the 4th April from Canada. These members were officially sent over for woik in the Military Hospital in England. They reported at Devon shire House the next morning, and in the afternoon were taken, in charge of Miss Gow, to St. John's Gate, where they were received by their Deputy-Commissioner, W. H. Morgan, Esq. Mr. Morgan conducted them over the building, and afterwards to the Crypt of the Church. They were much interested in everything they saw, and im pressed by their first visit to their Headquarters, of which they had heard so much. *** V.A.D. selected members mentioned for Nursing Services in the Times , March 14th, 1918 :— M rs. M is s M is s M is s M rs. M is s M is s M is s M rs. M is s

M a r g a r e t B r a m le y , G la m . 70 , B .R .C .S . J e s s ie F u lt o n D o w n ie , W . L a n c s . 54, S .J .B . M u r ie l M T a n s h a w e , D e v o n 42, B . R . C . S . D o r is J o h n s o n , W . L a n c s ., S .J .B . L e o n o r a K e n n y , L o n d o n 40, B .R . C .S . V io le t M . K e n r ic k , H a n t s 2, B .R .C .S . 1 G ra c e M a r g a r e t L e u c h a r s , S u r re y 52, B . R . C . S . M u r ie l C a r y O liv e , C o r n w a ll 56, B .R . C .S . M a b e l E m i ly S e v e rn , D e r b y 26, B .R . C .S . G w e n y th W o r t h in g t o n , S taffs. 64, B .R . C . S .

Corrige?idum.— The following name is now correctly described :— M r s . M a r g u e r it e D ic k s o n , M id d le s e x 44, S .J .A .B .

R a d s t o c k . — Dr. J. E. Scales, on April 7th, conducted the Radstock 15th annual re-examination of such certified local First Aid men who chose to submit. Before the ex amination commenced Mr. S. Lloyd Harvey referred to the fact that the occasion was the sixth successive year Dr. Scales, at no small sacrifice to his valuable time, had gratuitously undertaken the work. During the 14 years the re-examinations had been held 52 vouchers, 35 medal lions and 115 bars had been obtained, a total of 202 awards. Mr. Lloyd Harvey moved “ That this meeting tenders its best and heartiest thanks to Dr. Scales for his sustained kindness in again undertaking the re-examinations gratuitously.”

—FIRST

April, 1918 CO NTENTS

T H IS

American and British Expeditionary Forces has announced the discovery that trench fever is communicated by the

T o O u r R e a d e rs

145 145

L iv e r p o o l A u x ilia r y H o s p it a l fo r W o u n d e d O ffic e rs R epo rts—

N o . 1 ; N o . 3 ; N o . 9 ; N o . 11

146

T h e T r e a t m e n t o f S p e c ia l W o u n d s a n d B it e s ... P r a c t ic a l

i 53

combined committee of investigators from the

T h e

NUM BER.

E d it o r ia l —

D istr ic t

AI D. —

147

P o in ts —

body louse.

The germ is not yet isolated, but the progress

made in combating the disease is regarded as important. The committee has been working for two months at a British Hospital in France with part of the ^20,000 which the Red Cross has set aside

for research work.

Five

C u lp a b le a n d M e d d le s o m e F ir s t A id

148

American doctors are on the committee, which reached its

M u lt ip le E m e r g e n c ie s

148

conclusions from one American officer and seven men who

...

P s e u d o - In t e r n a l H a e m o rrh a g e T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e

148

G aze t te —

T h e G e n e s is o f th e In d ia n B r a n c h o f th e S . J .A .A . ...

149

B e n e fits I D e r iv e d fro m H a n m e r ...

1 50

The

L e ctu re s

C h a p e l o f th e St. J o h n E t a p le s

g iv e n b y S e rg t

151 C o m m itte e to

T h e G r a n d P r io r y o f th e O r d e r o f th e St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d

151 H o s p it a l o f 152

N o te s a n d N e w s B r e v itie s

...

A m b u la n c e W o r k o n G .W . R . , 1 9 1 7

153 154 '55

...

R e v ie w s—

t h e

'55

E d it o r —

A n E m e rg e n c y S tre tch e r Q u e r ie s

a n d

A n sw ers

t o

156 C o r r espo n d e n ts—

C o m p le te A m p u t a t io n o f L im b

. ..

and laundries

W o r k W o r t h D o in g F ir s t A id in B o m b a r d e d P a r is

158 158

Trench

all the Red Cross societies of the belligerent and neutral nations to a conference, which will take place at Geneva on The programme of the conference is to formu

late principles of humanity which ought to inspire the new law of nations. * * * T w o new hospitals in France, now waiting to take from opening

...

the

***

'57 '57 '57 '57 '57 '57 '57 '57

B u r n s o f C o r r o s iv e P o is o n E r r o r s in T e x t b o o k

nearer

Personal cleanliness will be

International Red Cross Committee has invited

T h e

T re a tm e n t o f A p o p le x y ...

L ia b il it y fo r D o c t o r ’s F e e

much

baths,

Western front during the past three years than any other

C o m p lic a t e d E x a m in a t io n T e s t

disease except scabies.

156

I n j u r y to F in g e r

supply

fever has been the cause of more cases of sickness on the

156

F r a c t u r e w ith o u t L o s s o f P o w e r ...

the

insisted upon even more strongly than before.

B a y o n e t a n d B u lle t W o u n d s C o m p o u n d F r a c t u r e w ith H a e m o rrh a g e

T he first result

the immediate increase

probably

“ delousing” stations,

April 30th.

S ix L e c t u r e s to S t. J o h n V . A . D . M e m b e r s t o

efforts,

152

O n D is c r im in a t io n ...

Letter

“ delousing ”

actual front than hitherto.

B r ig a d e H o s p it a l at

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V . A . D . C o u n t y D ir e c t o r s ...

volunteered as experimentation subjects. of these conclusions will be

their

maids,

full

complement by the

lack

and other paid

wounded,

ward

General

are

prevented

orderlies,

house

Service V.A.D.

mem

bers. Sections of other hospitals are also closed for lack of workers. Two hundred women are required at once,

and a

steady flow of recruits must be kept up all through the spring and summer, that the men fighting for us shall not miss the care of women from home. The General

Service V . A . D . ’s live in hostels and

camps, and are paid at the same rates as other women in

Brevities.

the services. the

A tte n tio n

is drawn by the

London

Fire Brigade

Terms and conditions can be obtained from

Women’s

Joint

Committee,

Department,

* * *

Committee in a report to be presented to the County Council to the initiative shown by Miss Logan and Miss Hopkins, members of the staff of the ambulance service.

V.A.D.

Devonshire House, Piccadilly, W.

A n

Army

Council

instruction notifies that special

military probationers and nursing members of Voluntary

On February 17th the Bloomsbury ambulance, of which

Aid Detachments who have

they formed the staff, was despatched in response to a call

tinuous

to Albany Chambers, Regent-street, where a woman was

pitals,

hanging in the lift, suspended by her arms, her hands

assistant nurse.

being jammed between the lift and the floor.

not carry any increase of pay, is to be recommended,

She asked

service are

in be

military eligible

Promotion

completed Territorial for

grade

to this grade,

for something to relieve her pain, and in the exceptional

however, for efficiency only, and

eircumstances the attendant in charge of the ambulance,

vice.

Candidates

the

two years’ con war of

hos

V.A.D.

which does

not for length of ser

must already have been awarded the

administered chloroform, while Miss Hopkins went up to

red efficiency stripe.

the floor above and, as the patient came under the influence

will wear the letters “ A .N .” on the right side of their

Probationers appointed to this grade

of the chloroform, succeeded in unclasping her hands, thus

aprons in indoor uniform, and on the shoulder straps of

enabling her to be extricated.

their outdoor uniform coats.

1 — F I R S T

154

On By

Discrimination.*

R IC H A R D

M ORELAND, J u n r.,

Corporal , Hampstead D iv ision , ,S7 John Ambulance Brigade. study o f Discrimination compels one to follow the revised (1917) Edition of ths S.J.A.A Manual and to take account of the Signs, which are abnormal conditions— such as pale or flushed face, deformity, swelling, haemorrhage, etc. ; the Symptoms , of which the patient will make much or little— such as pain, e tc .; the History, which may be what the First Aider saw or heard himself, or was told by bystanders; the Causes, Effects and Surroundings which may give possible clues to diagnosis ; the Help, appli ances, shelter and means of transport available, and, lastly, the Observation, Tactfulness, Resourcefulness and Explicit ness— required by the First Aider in addition to Discrimi nation. In considering the question of Discrimination I pro pose to take headings and to quote cases which are taken from actual accidents. T h e headings which I have adopted are The

(1)

The Discrimination required in whether a Doctor should be or not.

deciding sent for

(2)

The Discrimination required in deciding whether the patient should be taken home or to hospital.

(3)

The Discrimination required in selecting means of treatment and of transport.

(4)

The Discrimination required in handling a case already under treatment by another First Aider.

AID.

—

April, 1918.

clined to act on the assumption that the easiest way of getting rid of a case is to send it post haste off to the hos pital. From all reports, however, this excellent arrange ment would be much improved if the attendant exercised a little more Discrimination in attending to the Signs, Symp toms and History of the case before taking it off at full speed to the hospital, and undoubtedly this will be done. The following are two Cases which deal with the problem of “ Sending for the Doctor.” C

ase

A girl, riding a bicycle down a steep hill, lost control owing to faulty brakes, and ran into a horse and cart. A First Aider saw the accident, which, as it was dark, appeared to be very serious and hastened to the girl’s assistance. During his examination a boy came along and asked if he should ring up the ambulance; but the First Aider, fearing possible injuries to the head, spine or pelvis, decided to send for a doctor. Afterwards, finding that the patient could move both upper and lower limbs freely, and wished to get up, the First Aider assisted her into a house close by, leaving a bystander to tell the doctor where to come. The latter on arrival found that there was nothing to be done, and had a wasted journey, as, being away from home when called, he had to travel a distance of two miles. The patient, after resting, was taken home about a mile by train by the First Aider. What actually happened was that the bicycle received the worst of the blow, and the girl only a slight scalp wound with a bruise on the inner side of the left leg. In this case the First Aider was too quick in deciding to send for the doctor, although at the time the injuries appeared to be serious. C

ase

The second case occurred on one of the tube stations, where two “ Specials ” (one a First Aider) were called by the lift attendant to a woman who, having fallen down (5) The Discrimination required in deciding stairs was unconscious and bleeding trom the temple. to do nothing. They succeeded in stopping the haemorrhage, and then (1) In deciding whether a D octor should be s nt Jor took the patient up the lift for more air. Failing to revive or not. her they decided to send for a doctor. When payment was being arranged, the Police In the S.J.A.A. Manual there are several accidents for Authorities thought that the case did not warrant the sum which the services of a Doctor are required, such as frac moning of the doctor, and that the First Aider should have tures of spine and femur, insensibility, poisoning, disloca been able to deal with the case himself. tions, etc. In most instances, however, the First Aider has to attend to the most urgent necessities and to utilise his (2 ) In deciding whether the case should be taken home or to hospital. common sense and experience, always remembering that he is not a doctor, and “ must on no account take upon This will give free play to our Discrimination. If the himself the duties and responsibilities of a Doctor.” injuries are slight, and can be attended by an efficient First It is, I believe, common knowledge that the Police are Aider, there seems to be no reason why the patient should very adverse to calling doctors. Indeed, it hardly seems not, after treatment, be escorted home by the First Aider. fair to take up medical men’s valuable time on what can Hospitals cannot admit all cases, as if they attempted frequently be done by a qualified first aider, a point which to do so these would soon crowd out other (and possibly brings out very forcibly the great importance of educating more serious) cases. It would follow that, if there was a as many people of both sexes in the Principle of First Aid, hospital or doctor’s house near, the patient should, when because (a) if a First Aider meets with an accident, he can ever possible, be taken there. By this step expert assist help himself by telling the bystanders what to do ; and (b) if ance is obtained without calling a doctor to the emerhe finds a casualty he can treat it efficiently. Moreover, it is gency. jf apparent to our commonsense that a patient should be The following case, which occurred at one of the taken to the doctor in most cases rather than that the Tube Stations during an air raid will illustrate this doctor should be summoned. point :— In these days, when in large towns there are motor A working woman was found in an epileptic fit on the ambulances in readiness at a moment’s notice, one is inplatform and remained unconscious until the raid was over * T h e se N otes are based on a paper read at a recent meeting ot when she was brought up by lift and placed in the station the H am pstead D iv isio n , S .J .A .B . hall. The First Aider in charge, not being able to restore

— F I R S T

April, 1918.

consciousness, telephoned for a wheeled ambulance, on which the patient was taken to hospital 400 yards away. On further examination, the case was not considered serious enough for admission, and was subsequently sent home by motor ambulance.

(T o be continued,)

A I D . —

Notwithstanding the exceptional stress of the times, members of the medical profession have continued to sup port the movement by training and examining students, and the active and sympathetic interest shown by the Company’s Directors and officers has doubtless done much to maintain enthusiasm in the ambulance cause throughout the railway. Y e a r.

Ambulance Work on G.W.R., 1917. N o t w ith st a n d in g the unprecedented demands which have continuously been made upon the railways since the outbreak of war, involving the handling of an enormous amount of additional traffic with a heavily depleted staff, ambulance work goes on among railway employees with un remitting zeal. In connection with the Great Western Railway Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association upwards of two thousand examination awards have been gained during the past year, which figure is in excess of that for the year 1913, when the results achieved were in access of any previous year. The accompanying table shows the number of exami nation awards gained by members of the Centre in each of the past eight years, and whilst, as was only to be antici pated, the number of certificates, vouchers and medallions shows a falling off as the war goes on from year to year (due to enlistments and other causes) it proves that the older men retained in the service are keeping up their first aid efficiency, as the number of label awards— i.e., for third and subsequent re-examinations— constitutes a record achievement for the Centre. A feature of the year’s work has been the number of classes formed among women employees, and it is gratify ing to know that a good proportion of those who are now engaged upon the railways in replacing men serving with the Forces are acquiring the knowledge which will enable them to minimise the effect of accidents involving personal injuries which may arise in the course of their employment. A large number of Great Western Railway ambulance workers are serving with the medical units of the Navy and Army, and reports received indicate that the knowledge they have obtained in the railway ambulance classes has proved invaluable. Many who cannot be released from their railway duties have enrolled in the V.A.D. and other hospitals for duties in their leisure hours, while others are regularly affording valuable assistance in the transport of wounded between trains and hospital. Among the women employes a similar spirit has been manifest in connection with hospital duties. Arrangements for the provision of voluntary ambu lance workers on the occasion of hostile air raids have been completed, and no fewer than fifteen calls have been answered by an average number of sixteen men and women since September last, when a number of injuries have been dealt with, illustrating the practical utility of the training. As in past years, a number of cases of exceptionally meritorious first aid treatment have been reported, many of which have drawn unstinted praise from the medical men who subsequently took charge. These cases are now being adjudicated upon in connection with the Directors’ annual issue of medal and certificate awards. The preparation of the railway section of the official first aid film of the St. John Ambulance Association was a noteworthy departure, and the large number of G.W.R, ambulance workers who took part in the preparation of the pictures evinced a whole-hearted interest in the project.

155

C e r t if ic a t e 1st Y e a r.

1910 1911 1912

1913 1914 1915 1916 i 9 '7

551

510 368 823 1,698

639 455 400

V o u c h e r M e d a llio n M e d a llio n L a b e ls fo r 3 rd 2nd R e -e x a m . Y e a r. Y e a r. 269 35? 147 2 15 355 157 150 381 185 608 215 36 7 823 617 434 8 56 383 639 1 ,16 7 563 443 1,211 2 74 234

T o t a l.

',324 1 ,2 3 7 1,084 2 ,0 1 3

3,672 2,497 2 ,6^8 2 ,1 1 9

Reviews. S IX

LECTU RES

ST.

JO H N

V .A .D .

M EM BERS. B y T h e k la B o w s e r, F . J . I . B ir m in g h a m : C o r n is h B r o s ., L td .

Price is. 6d. net. T h e s e le c tu re s w ere d e liv e r e d at B ir m in g h a m la s t y e a r to m e m b e rs o f th e n u r s in g c o rp s o f th a t c it y o n s u b je c t s c lo s e ly a llie d to t h e ir w o rk , s u c h a s “ T h e H is t o r y o f th e O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f J e r u s a le m ,” “ T h e B ir t h o f th e S . J .A .A . a n d B r ig a d e ,” “ T h e W a r O ffic e V . A . D . S c h e m e a n d its D e v e lo p m e n t ,” “ T h e M a k in g o f a n O ffic e r,” “ T h e D u t ie s o f Q u a rt e r m a s t e r a n d S e c tio n L e a d e r s ,” a n d “ D is c ip lin e a n d E f f ic ie n c y .” M is s B o w s e r, w h o h a s h a d c o n s id e r a b le e x p e r ie n c e in b r ig a d e w o rk , e x p la in s in m u c h d e t a il it s w o r k a n d r a m if ic a t io n s in t h is lit tle b o o k . I t is a h a n d y lit t le v o lu m e to a ll th o se in te re s te d in th e w o rk .

F. B. (Gateshead) sends us four stamps to obtain Home Office First Aid leaflets, without his address. Please send us this and we will try and assist you.

“ R e s c u e W o r k ” i n C o a l M i n e s . — Owing to the fact that many thousands of men from the “ Coal Mines ” have joined the Forces, the ranks of the trained “ Rescue Men ” have been considerably depleted. It is essential that the establishment of such a body should be complete, and that reserves should be constantly in training, for when an explosion takes place the men are needed in full force. It is, however, owing to the present situation, diffi cult to obtain the right kind of men for the work ; but the task of finding and teaching the men will be made less difficult if the medium provided by “ Hanmer’s Lectures ” is employed. First Officer C. Hanmer, who is well known throughout the United Kingdom as a “ Rescue Worker ” and promoter of “ Ambulance" and “ Rescue Work.” gives a special illustrated lecture on the subject, and his services are always at the disposal of “ Coal-Mining ” districts.

W hen corresponding w ith A dvertisers please men tion “ F i r s t A id .”

— FIRST

£etters to the Sditor. We are in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

EMERGENCY

STRETCHER.

the January number of H i s atten tion was particularly arrested by the illustrated article “ An Emergency Stretcher,” by F. C. Bottomley. Whilst most fully and heartily endorsing all the points raised in favour of the article described, the writer has the temerity to submit that the “ carrying sheet” introduced by him, and catalogued by Messrs. Ferris & Co., Ltd., Bristol, in 1908, possesses equal recommendations, and, moreover, is yet even easier to make, and— as really specially designed for— folds into a compact package (9^ in. by 6 in. by f in.) for inclu sion in a portable first aid outfit. The home-made one’ the writer uses is made of white “ duck ”— this material is strong and can be boiled for cleansing if necessary— folded from each side to the middle, giving a double thickness, the whole fairly closely (3 in.) quilted together with five lines of sewing parallel to edges all round, forming a strong selvege about liin. wide, in which, on the fourth line from the outer edge, are cut the hand-holes, each of these being 4 in. long and strongly button-holed. Weight 1 lb. It can be. used as an improvised stretcher by threading even awkward shaped or size poles up to the limits of the size of the holes— through the hand-holes. Possibly exception may be taken to the width shown, i.e., 21 in., but in practical use such has left nothing to be desired. Too-wide carrying sheets are apt to be sloppy, with a conseD ear

S i r , — It was only a day or two ago that F i r s t A i d came to the writer’s notice.

C en tp es—

i ! Z ~ , v-asw.

AID, —

A p ril, 19 1 8

be brought; down six flights of stairs; these were fairly capacious, but had several “ hair-pin ” turnings at the landings. After reviewing the whole position, it was decided, to obviate any risk of bumping the patient when lifting it over the bannisters, to leave the stretcher in the hall, bring the patient down on the sheet, place both on the stretcher, and all in the ambulance van. Such was done, and when arriving at the cottage hospital, such procedure was reversed— viz., the whole taken into the vestibule, then the sufferer lifted off stretcher, and carried into the ward and placed on the bed, on the carrying sheet. In a few moments the matron handed out the sheet, remarking “ Thank you. We have never had a patient brought in a nicer manner, or with less trouble.” Why some such article as suggested by Mr. Bottomley is not more readily and generally adopted passes compre hension. One pertinent consideration for the use of such is the extra protection from cold when placed on a stretcher on a carrying sheet to the sufferer’s back— a point all too frequently overlooked.— Ycurs truly, S.

lo yd

a r v e y

Radstock, Som., April 6th, 1918.

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 . — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana c o m e r of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 4.6, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 .— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. ? .— The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns, is the Revised { iq if ) E dition o f S .J .A .A . M an ual o f F irst-A id .

Harvey

C a r r y in y Sh.ee t .

quent loss of command in manipulation, especially as when negotiating narrow steep stairs. The writer well remembers one such instance where a collier, badly crushed from head to toes by a fall of the roof underground, had to be carried up very narrow, quarter-wind stairs rising 9 ft. in a base length of 6 ft., the risers being un usually high, and the treads particularly meagre. Whilst in the middle of the ascent, the patient’s body was practically vertical, and here it was the not-too-wide carrying sheet— one bearer each end— proved to be just the thing, as by bringing the two lower hand-holes together in one grip below the feet the whole body was kept from slipping downwards, and although the sufferer screamed at the idea of being carried up stairs— his doctor could not undertake his examination where he laid, and the bed, from want of space in the room down stairs, could not be brought down— he was put on the sheet, carried up, and laid in bed and sheet removed, without a mur mur or groan. As a very exceptional experience, it is pleasing to add that, in relation to this transport case, the then, and great, sufferer met one of the bearers a few evenings ago, and, amongst other generalities of a chance meeting, observed in very grateful tones “ I have never forgotten your carrying me upstairs when I was hurt underground eight years ago.” Another instance of usefulness of some such article as under review was a case of acute rheumatic fever, which had to

o m plete

m pu ta tio n

o f

im b

F. C. (Victoria) asks for correct treatment of case in which the lower limb has been accidentally amputated through the hip joint. Remembering the dangers— Haemorrhage, Shock and Sepsis,

we first control bleeding partly (and when possible) by placing patient— with head and trunk low and pelvis raised— on an in clined plane (e.g., table with legs at one end elevated 12-18 in.) and partly by exerting immediate digital compression on the femoral artery at the brim of pelvis ; secondly, we prevent Sepsis by covering wound with pad consisting of three or four layers of dry boracic, on which further pressure is permis sible ; thirdly, we minimise Shock partly by treating the cause and partly by keeping the patient as warm as possible and by giving him sips of cold water to drink. Digital compression requires just enough pressure to pre vent escape of blood from the vessel compressed, and can rarely be efficiently maintained for more than ten minutes. I t is the only F irst A id Treatment possible— pending the doctor’s arrival— for complete amputation of lower limb, and necessi tates relays of assistants to keep up constant pressure.— N. C o rb e t F le tc h e r.

a y o n e t

an d

u lle t

o u n d s

E. M. (Cardiff).— What is First Aid treatment of bayonet an bullet wounds ? Apply General Rules of Treatment for Wounds Htemorrhage— (Text-book, p, 79, seq.).— N. C. F.

—FIRST

April, 1918 T

r e a t m e n t

(Swansea)

asks

with

po p le x y

reference

treatment

A p o p lexy—

(A) Why does Textbook teach us, when face is flushed, to raise head ? May not the rush of blood to face be Nature’s method of reducing pressure within the brain ? (B) Would not application of cold to head (which is advocated by some authorities, though not by Dr. Cantlie) be harmful, since it would drive blood from the surface vessels into those more deeply situated, and thereby in crease leakage of blood into brain? (A) Your suggestion is incorrect. First you have misread the Textbook, which teaches us to raise head and shoulders slightly j secondly, you are mistaken in presuming (i) that the blood in the surface vessels of face is drawn from the brain, and (ii) that the change applies to the vessels of face only. The flushed face is due to dilatation of blood vessels, a process which affects the superficial vessels o f the whole body (since it arises from irritation of the Circulatory Centre of Brain by increased pressure due to extravastated bloodj, and will also result in considerable loss of body-heat unless we take steps to prevent it (as instructed in Textbook) by application of warmth to the body, The slight elevation of head and shoulders, therefore, does not decrease the blood supply to face so much at it tends to diminish pressure within the skull and to limit any further escape of blood into brain. (B) This suggestion also is incorrect. Application of cold does not drive blood into internal parts. On the contrary, (i) by direct action on the vessel walls it causes the superficial vessels to contract, and (ii) by indirect (i.e., reflex nervous) action it brings about a similar contraction of the deep vessels. Further, the application is to the head and not to the face. Therefore, the application of cold to head in Apoplexy, even if its power for good be limited, can certainly do no harm and will not aggravate the condition. By the way, reference to the revised Textbook (p. 145) shows that this step in treat ment has been re-inserted and is now recommended.— N. C. F. C

o m pou n d

r a ct u r e

w ith o u t

e m o r r h a g e

S. H. (Dowlais) quotes a recent fatal accident in which a man sustained fractures of skull, spine, sternum, ribs, thigh and leg, and asks if it is possible to have a compound fracture of leg without a spot of blood on the surface of skin. No. The pressing dangers of fractures are Haemorrhage, Shock and Sepsis— the last named being particularly urgent with compound fractures, the distinguishing characteristic of which is communication between the air and the fracture. To this end (1) the skin must be torn or punctured and (2) there must be some bleeding, though this may be very slight, especi ally with the more superficial bones (e.g., tibia and clavicle) and when the fragments do not protrude. From your letter I suspect that you have confused a com plicated with a compound fracture. The former can certainly occur without a spot of blood on surface of skin and yet be accompanied by serious internal (or concealed) hmmorrhage. — N. C. F. F

r a ctu r e

w ith o u t

oss

o w er

A. M. (Regent’s Park).- In a recent case of fractured leg there was acute pain with some deformity of limb and slight irregularity at seat of injury, but the woman was able to move her foot up, down and round. It seems to me remarkable that “ loss of power” was practically absent. Your statement is incomplete, and I question the accuracy of your conclusions. Loss of power is a certain sign of frac tured limb, and is constantly present unless (the fracture is impacted (e.g., radius) or (2) the less important of two bones (e.g., fibula) is alone involved. In the case quoted, movement of the foot— which must be carefully distinguished from loss of power— would be possible, if the tendons of the leg were intact and if the broken frag

A ID

—

157

ments were at rest on ground or couch. If, however, the patient had attempted to raise the foot, to stand or walk, then (in the absence o f the two conditions tiatned) you would have quickly discovered loss of power.— N. C. F.

In ju r y

t o

F in g e r .

M. B. (Stockport) asks for treatment of badly trapped finger. Remove from trap ; seat patient and instruct raise and support hand ; control bleeding, if present, by pressure through dry boracic lint ; when finger dry, paint with Iodine and allow drying by evaporation ; cover with fresh piece boracic lint ; improvise, pad, and bandage splint to palm of hand and fingers ; rest limb in St. John Sling.— N. C. F. L ia b il it y

fo r

D o c t o r ’s

F e e .

G. B. (Caerphilly) refers to Answer on this point given in February issue, and asks whether or no a First Aider is still liable for fee if he summons medical aid (1) when the patient is unconscious and (2) when no policeman is available. Yes.— N. C. F. C o m p l ic a t e d

E x a m in a t io n

T est.

R. C. (Bath). — In a recent examination I was asked to (1) stop the axillary artery, (2) treat for crushed hand, and (3) fix up a fractured forearm— a ll tests on the one limb. Please give your advice in a case like this. Treat crushed hand on same lines as laid down for case of M. B. (Stockport), but improvise, pad and apply splints which will control both the anterior and posterior aspects of the fore arm and extended hand. Then fix axillary pad in position ; place limb in 'St. John sling, keeping hand well raised and elbow as far forward on chest as possible ; and finally tie limb to chest with transverse bandage. By this means you will avoid pressure on both crushed hand and fractured forearm. Lastly, expose the collarbone and (when the examiner comes) demonstrate that you are prepared to exert digital pressure on subclavian artery, if the pressure on axillary artery by pad and bandage fails to control bleeding.— N. C. F.

B u r n s

o f

C o r r o s iy e

P o is o n s .

E. M. (Cardiff).— (1) What are the detailed signs present in a case of Corrosive Poisoning? (2) What is the appearance of burns due to Corrosive Poisons? (3) What colour is the stain ? (1) Imagine yourself indulging in such a drink and you can work out the details. First, you will get immediate burn ing pains in mouth, throat and stomach ; next, you will suffer from severe vomiting, thirst, &c. ; finally, you will exhibit signs of Shock, which may pass on to fatal Collaps. See A id s to First A id (3rd Edition). (2) Much depends on the strength of the solution and duration of contact. If this is concentrated and the antidote cannot be administered immediately there is usually loca charring (3rd degree of burn) in places of contact. Otherwise, there may only be local redness, swelling or blistering (1st or or 2nd degrees). (3) The colour of burn varies with the poison. Thus, the Corrosive Alkalies all give muddy-white stains ; while of the Corrosive Acids, Nitric gives a yellow stain, Sulphuric a black, Carbolic a dead white, Oxalic a white, &c., &c — N. C. F.

E r ro r s

T ex tb o o k .

W. S. (Finchley) points out that on p. 63 of revised Textbook it states that inner splint should reach “ to just above the knee,” and asks if this not a misprint for “ just below knee.” Dr. Cantlie (p. 58) taught “ to the knee,” and this— in con

— FIRST junction with his definition of a splint (p. 36)— was usually accepted as “ just below and including knee joint.” The in structions— “ just above knee”— in revised Textbook, though strictly correct, are unfortunate, because they may cause an inexperienced First-Aider to select too short a splint. Person ally, for First Aid purposes 1 prefer an internal splint, which extends from fork to ankle.— N. C. F.

First Aid in Bombarded Paris. T h e growing frequency of bombardment in Paris from air craft bombs and long-range shells has resulted in the organisation of a new public service to provide rapid help for the victims among the civil population, help rendered the more necessary since during the bombardment all normal means of transport by motor-bus, taxicab, and underground cease. T he Under Secretary of State for the Service de Sante has sanctioned the transformation of all military hospitals and ambulances into permanent first-aid posts available for injured persons of whatever category. A medical officer is on duty continuously day and night. When a raid is announced an equipe arranged in advance, and consisting of a surgeon, an assistant, and a radiologist is sent express by military automobile to each of a dozen principal surgical centres. Here they attend to the injured persons brought in from the surrounding district within easy reach of the hospitals, as well as other cases sent on from the less important hospitals, where on arrival they have been judged too severely injured to be properly attended to on the spot. Further, in each of the barracks and fire stations scattered over the capital a military medecin-major is continuously on duty, each for a period of 24 hours, ready in case of accident to sally forth at once to examine the wounded in his neighbourhood, render first aid, and secure their transport by stretcher to the nearest ambulance, from which a motor ambulance then conveys the severer cases to one of the 12 surgical centres. On the alarm being given all the wounded in each hospital are carried into the basement, where operating theatres have been installed as far as this is possible. Since bombard ment has become a daily affair the transport to the base ment involves great hardship to the severely wounded and to the recent operation cases, and an order has been given to evacuate all bed patients into the environs or further south.— The Lancet.

A remarkable case of resuscitation after electric shock is narrated in the recent report of an inspector of a New York power company, which gives particulars of the recovery of one of his men from the effect of an electric shock. T he man was apparently killed by touching acci dentally a wire carrying current at 2,300 volts. A lineman immediately took hold of the ankles of the limp body, lift ing it until the whole weight rested on the neck, and letting it fall. He then took a pair of connectors and hammered the soles of the injured man’s feet without removing his shoes. Another lineman was about to begin the Schaefer method of resuscitation, when the man returned to life. H e was removed to the hospital, and is now well, though suffering severely from his burns. Similar cases of recovery are mentioned in connection with the plan of striking the feet without removing the boots or shoes in cases of electric shock,

AID. —

April, 1918.

Work

Worth

Doing.

I n Miss Bowser’s book dealing with St. John’s and the Red Cross at the front, a capital picture is given of work on lines of communication and of the first V .A .D . rest station which was established at Boulogne. T he staff of three trained nurses and eighteen Red Cross workers went out under Mrs. Furse. They were given by way of plant three railway wagons and two passenger coaches. The rollingstock was in its native dirt, and they could only procure three smallish spirit-stoves on which to cook and boil water. Within twenty-four hours a thousand wounded men had been fed, and within a day or so stoves were fitted into the wagons, shelves and cupboards were put up, and the wagons were turned into really charming rooms, bright with clean paint, gleaming tin utensils, and even with comfort able chairs out of barrels. S o m ebo d y

h a s

g o t

t o

d o

In a certain French hospital, Miss Bowser relates, is a young English V.A.D. member who has for months on end worked for the best part of the day in a cellar at retrim ming lamps. The lighting of these French hospitals is one of the difficulties which has to be faced, and every day someone has got to trim between one and two hundred lamps. The cellar is cold and dark, the work is dirty, and the life is lonely. There is no glory and no fame, and certainly no sort of comfort in a job of this kind. “ Some body has got to do it.” N ot

fo r

g o o d

There is a popular opinion that after the war a large proportion of the nursing V .A .D .’s intend to enter the hospitals for regular training. This opinion is not confimed by the experience of Miss McCarthy, R.R.C., Matron-in-Chief in France. Desirous of finding out the attitude of these women with regard to the future, she sent out a circular to inquire how many had any intention of taking up nursing as a profession and would be willing to go into civil hospitals to train. Out of 2,000 who are working under htr at present, only 149 troubled to reply

A special committee appointed by the chairman of the Mayor’s Committee (New York City) on the training of volunteer “ nurses’ aides ” reports that, with certain slight changes in the theory, and a moderate increase in the amount of time devote to certain practical procedures, the present course appears to be a suitable one. It recom mends the extension of the training now given in base hospitals to hospitals approved by the Red Cross Service. The report states: “ In view of the fact that hospitals lacking proper educational facilities and unable to offer a proper field for such training are attempting to establish short courses of training, it is of considerable importance that such efforts should as far as possible be placed under the control of the Red Cross, which forms our national nursing service. In no other way can volunteer nurses’ aides be given the official recognition which will make them available for service wherever they may be most needed.”

When corresponding with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid.”

— F I R S T

April, 1918.

AID. —

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AI D. —

April, 1918

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F IR S T AID AND

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AM BULANCE Ed ited b y A R T H U R

No. 287.— V o l . X X IV .

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DALE,

-----

patriots

zeal and

courage,

and

would be the last to shirk any military duties desired of them, and we hope the authorities in making this further call upon the manhood of this country will do so as far as possible without imparing these efficient services. As the new Act now stands the Tribunals have power when exempting a man, at the same time to exempt him from service in the Volunteers Force.

This

exemption

can no doubt be obtained for ambulance men, and should always be pressed for, as it is well nigh impossible for a man, in these days to serve in the Volunteers and the Brigade in his leisure time.

L t d .,

Str eet, L ondon,

E.C.

It is also understood that it is not the intention to utilise the older men in the actual firing line, and we opine

Telegraphic Address: "Twenty-pour, London." Telephone No. 5477 Bank.

that it would be consistent with the highest economy of man power if those too old for the rigours of the trenches,

EDITORIAL.

who have proved their efficiency in tending the sick and wounded, should be attached to medical units for ambu lance duties— duties for which there must unfortunately,

M an Pow er

O u r readers will be familiar with the

but invariably be, increasing need before the end to which

leading features

we all look forward, can be achieved.

of the

new

Military

an d

Service Act, the principal provision of

A m bulan ce

which is the extension of the age eligi-

M en ,

bility for military service.

This exten

sion of the age limit will further deplete

In Colonel Yate’s article on p. r49 of our last issue in

the ranks of the St. John Ambulance Brigade, whose per

in the paragraph commencing with “ In the cold weather

sonnel has been seriously reduced in the past.

of 1905,” the 17th line, “ This office with brief intermis-

The response that ambulance men have made and the effective service they have rendered in fighting and medical units have been the subject of generous commendation by

missions” should read “ This officer with brief intermis sions.”

In the Note at the foot of p. 149 the lists were

signed by Lieut.-Col. Alan E. Tate, R.A .M .C., and not Lieut.-Col. Alan E. Fate, R .A .M .C.

those who know and appreciate what has been done, and when, if ever, the whole history of the work of the St. John Ambulance Association and the St. John Ambulance

Arrangements have now been made that all matters

Brigade during the war comes to be written, the activities

concerning the procuring and distribution

of these bodies will surprise many people.

Auxiliary Hospitals shall be dealt with from headquarters.

Ambulance men have shown by their alacrity in join, ing the Reserves of the Brigade at the outbreak of war and by their fearless activities during air raids and the splendid system of transport of wounded

from hospital trains to *

hospitals and work in hospitals, which has been organised, and has been carried out since

the beginning of

the

food

for

County Directors who experience any difficulty in obtain ing the necessary supplies, or who desire any information on the subject, should communicate with the Food Branch of the Stores Department, 83, Pall Mall, London.

All

Food Consumption Statistics will continue to be dealt with by Capt. Colchester Wemyss. 8, St. Algate-square, Glou cester, and these should be sent direct to him,

162

— F I R S T SJhe Qrand JPriorg of the 0 r d « of the K ospital 0} S t. Uohtt of Jerusalem in Sttgland. AM BU LANCE

The S t. No. . D i s t r i c t . d e p u t y

o m m issio n e r

DEPARTM EN T.

John

.Ambulance B rigade.

D IST R IC T - ORDERS. -------

AID.

—

May, 1918.

assembled in the Temple Gardens for practice and combined drill. Both uniformed and non-uniformed men were present, and practice was afforded in loading and unloading wagons and carrying out such movements, as are only possible when large numbers of men meet together. The Deputy-Commissioner addressed the parade, and in vited Lady Maud Wilbraham to distribute “ Mons ” Ribbons, Service Medals, and Bars to members of the Prince of Wales’s Corps On the motion of Mr. W. R. Edwards, seconded by Captain Cahusac, a vote of thanks was passed to Lady Maud Wilbraham.

W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E. JU N E, 1918. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 2nd.— No. 47 Division, L.B. & S.C.Ry. „ 9th.— No. 49 „ Erith. „ 16th.— No. 51 „ Croydon. „ 23rd - No. 56 „ Crickelwood. „ 30th.— No. 58 „ London Post Office. From 2.30 p.m. to 5.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. V I S IT

A M ER ICA N TROOPS [MAY nth, 1918.

LONDON,

The Deputy-Commissioner wishes to express his thanks to the members of the District who turned out at very short notice for duty on the occasion of a visit to London of the American Troops, when they were reviewed by His Majesty The King. Some members were on duty from an early hour in the morning at Waterloo Station until late in the afternoon. The Deputy-Commissioner wishes to congratulate both Ambu lance and Nursing Divisions for the smart way in which their duties were carried out, and the very efficient way cases were treated. ANNUAL

R EPO R T.

Members of the District are again reminded that the work of the District Office, with a depleted staff, is made much more difficult owing to the failure of certain Divisions to send in their Annual Returns, and bring up their Divisional Books for inspection. It is thought that if Officers in Charge of Divisions realised the amount of inconvenience to which the District is placed by this omission, they would make a greater effort to comply with the Brigade Regulations. The failure to send these Returns in, tends to delay the Annual Report. NIGH T

GUARD

ST.

JOHN’S

GATE.

The Deputy-Commissioner desires to express his indebted ness to those Divisions which have furnished members to take duty at certain periods of the month, as a night guard, under the charge of District-Sergeant Elam, at St. John’s Gate in the evenings when air raids were thought likely to occur. POLICE

CO M PETITION S.

It is proposed to hold the annual competitions in aid of the Metropolitan and City Police Orphanage, at the Zoological Gardens, Regents Park, about the end of August. One of the features of these competitions is an Ambulance Competition amongst air raid workers registered with the Police. It will no doubt be remembered that when last the St. John Ambulance Brigade entered teams, the Prince of Wales’s Corps Detach ments, both nursing and men, came out first. It is hoped to furnish teams in August next which will do equally well. (Signed)

W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E.,

No. 70 ( R o y a l B o r o u g h o f K e n s i n g t o n ) D i v i s i o n . — This Division is in charge of Sergeant Millard, and consists of 2 sergeants and 25 rank and file. The superintendent, 2 sergeants, 2 corporals, and 30 rank and file are on Active Service. Drills and duties have been well attended, especially Bank Holiday duties on Wormwood Scrubbs, where the Division has a permanent ambulance station, which has proved very useful on these occasions. Also men have performed duty on Barnes Common on Bank Holiday. Men attend twice weekly at Gifford House Auxiliary Hospital, Roehampton ; Chelsea Palace and Granville Music Halls. An average of 12 men have turned out to assist the police on all occasions when an air raid warning has been given, and rendered valuable assist ance when called upon to do so, for which services this division has been specially mentioned by the Press. Also men have been standing by in readiness when the conditions for air raids have been favourable. Fifty cases have been treated on duty and 1,153 cases treated off duty, making a total of 1,203 cases treated in the past twelve months by members of the division. Seventeen members sat for annual re-examination, and all passed. It is the intention, with permission of the authorities, to erect an ambulance station in the Royal Borough of Kensing ton, but this project has for the present been postponed, and p 100 of the funds has been invested in War Loan. We regret the death on Active Service of Private Reader.

No. 3 D is t r ic t . O l n e y . — Supt. W. T. Knight, who was recently selected as an Hon. Serving Brother of the Order of St. John, has been associated with ambulance work since 1894, when he assisted in the formation of the Olney Ambulance Division, which was reorganised in 1902 when he was appointed Sergeant and Hon. Secretary, which office he filled for 10 years ; being promoted to the rank of First Officer in 1904. In 1905 he organised First Aid and Nursing Classes for men in conjunction with the R.N.A.S.B.R. He was presented with the long servjee medal of the Order by H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught, Grand Prior, and had the honour of taking a Detachment for Public Duty at Northampton on the occasion of the visit of H.M. the King. Not content with these labours he has formed Field Ambulance and Sick Nursing Classes. Also Classes for Home Nursing both at Olney and Emberton. The Division of which he is Superintendent has been able to send upwards of 50 men for service in various theatres of war, not to mention a number of ladies who have gone from Olney to the various Military Hospitals, both at home and abroad. This record of work is one of which he may be justly proud, and we are glad he is still able to continue his good work although his Division has been so sadly depleted in numbers.

Deputy-Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C. I M P O R T A N T N O TIC E. Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . C o m b i n e d D r i l l i n T e m p l e G a r d e n s .— On Saturday, May 4th, a number of selected Divisions of the No. 1 District

R o w l e y R e g i s . — This Division held its second annual Church Parade on Sunday, May 12th, to Christ Church, Cradley Heath, when there was a good muster. Brigades assembled at the headquarters, Meredith Schools, when the Division (under Corps Surgeon McQueen, Divisional Surgeon Petit, Supt. Chapman, 2nd Lieut. L. T. Dallow, R.E., % secretary (who was over on leave), and Sergt. Hunter, were well supported by the following bodies :— Police and Special Constables : Inspectors Myatt and Tucker. Cradley Heath Town Prize Brass Band, Bandmaster Billingham. Rowley Regis District Fire Brigade, Lieut. Smith.

May, 1918.

— FIRST

Dudley and Brierley Hill Ladies Nursing Sections, Lady Offi cers Little, Scrivens, Hogetts, Share and Yardley. The Motor Ambulance “ Edith Cavell,” Driver J. Cook, and neighbouring Divisions of the St" John Ambulance Brigade, including Smeth wick and West Smethwick: Supt. Cripps, Ambulance Officer Lamb, Sergeants Dunmaker, Moore and Brettle. Stourbridge : Divisional Surgeon Darby, Supt. Bolton. Lye : Supt. Stacey, Quartermaster Schofield ; and Stewarts and Lloyds, Supt. Williams, N. W. Corps Secretary. The Boy Scouts (under District Scoutmaster Jacquiss, Scoutmaster Yardley, Assistant Scoutmaster Bloomer) were present in good numbers and were accompanied by their own band ; Old Hill, Cradley, Blackheath and Cradley Heath Troupes being represented. The advertised route had unfortunately to be curtailed somewhat as the early inclement weather caused a delay in starting. The Reverend C. A. Ashelford preached a most inspiring sermon, and a collection was taken in aid of the British Red Cross Society. The arrangements were in the hands of the Divisional Acting Secretary, Corpt. H. G. Unlow.

AID. — bdrs having been trained mainly at the classes held in the College by Dr. Ella Webb (First Aid, Oct.-Dec., 1912 ; Home Nursing, Jan.-March, 1913), were formed into a Division under Miss E. V. McComas, the present Lady Supt., and Miss A. O ’Kelly, now Lady Supt. of Harcourt Nursing Division, who did much by her energy to advance the efficiency of the members in the early stages. The Division entered a team for the first competition held by the St. John Ambulance Brigade for the Irish Women’s Challenge Cup in June, 1913 (4th place), and again in 1914, when the cup was awarded to the team representing the Division, trained by Lieut.-Col. Pringle, District Surgeon, then the Divisional Surgeon. They again competed in 1915 and 1916. On the outbreak of war, frequent practices were held and many new members joined from the classes organised in College, bring up the total to 48 in 1915. The Division was registered as a V.A.D. in Dec. 1914, under the No. St. John, 646. Dublin 8 afterwards (1916) changed to Co. Dublin 52, and through it many members have been on active service. The present strength is 3 officers and 49 members, of

No. 5 D is t r ic t . N o t t i n g h a m . — At a concert organised b y the Central Division of this corps on April 10th occasion was taken to pre sent nursing certificates to members of the newly-formed Jewish V.A.D. Mr. Snook, J.P., who presided, observed that the divisional officers had been responsible for training no fewer than 350 recruits in first aid and nursing during the war period, and altogether over 4,000 hours had been spent in practice, and over 3,000 in attending on the wounded. He congratulated both Mrs. Weinberg and Divisional Supt. T. R. Scott (the instructor) on the success of the Jewish detachments formed in connection with the Jewish Girls’ Club, and he expressed the hope that other cities would follow the example set by Not tingham. The chairman then presented to Divisional Supt. Scott a wallet containing Treasury notes subscribed by the members of the Central Nursing Division in recognition of his services as instructor.

No.

D istrict.

L lw y n y pi a .— In order to further the good work of the ambulance movement in the district, the Division has been fortunate through their Superintendent, D. Morgan, M.E., agent of the Cambrian Combine, and Hedley Clark, Esq., general manager, in procuring a Challenge Shield, the gift of Peter Haig Thomas, Esq , chairman of directors of the col lieries from which teams will be drawn for competition— i.e., Cambrian, Naval, Glamorgan, Gilfach Goch Collieries, Messrs. D. Davis & Son1 Ltd., and Welsh Navigation (Coed Ely) Col lieries. The competition will take place on June 22nd, 1918, at the Cricket Field, Llwynypia, at 3 p.m. Judges— Capt. D. Rocyn Jones, M.B., D.P.H. (Newport) and Dr. De Vere Hunt, life member of S.J.A.A. (Cardiff). The annual examination of the ambulance classes, held under the auspices of the Division, took place on March 9th. Examiner— Dr. De Vere Hunt. The following were the suc cesses :— First Aid, 21 ; Vouchers, 15 ; Medallions, 2 ; Labels, 5 ; total, 43. The successful session reflects great credit upon the lecturer, Dr. Irbris, who sacrifices his valuable time to the good work ; also to Corps Supt. Payne, who had charge of the morn ing classes; 1st Ambulance Officer Ben Lewis, and the secretaries, Enoch Trcharne and W. R. Matthews. No. 12 (Irish) D is t r ic t . A l e x a n d r a C o l l e g e N u r s i n g D i v i s i o n , V.A.D. 646, R e p o r t , 1 9 1 3 - 1 9 1 8 . — The Alexandra College Nursing Division was registered at headquarters in November, 1 9 1 3 , but had

been at work since the previous May.

The 20 original mem-

is t r ic t -S u p t .

S m it h ,

Hon. Associate of the Order and Assistant County Director for the City and County of Dublin. whom 29 have been in hospital, including 13 who have served overseas, and 23 have been constantly engaged in the work at 40 Merrion-square since it began in Nov. 1915. This was the first Division to undertake the work of keeping and cleaning the house, and has always maintained a supply of members regularly attending for the purpose, and this is the principal corporate work undertaken by the Division. There are but few who are not regular in some form of special work for the war, and they are always available at all hours of the day and night. But of Brigade work (which must be also maintained in the midst of all extra activity) an average of 22 practices are held each year and the re-examination is always well attended by available members— of 31 medallions three have four labels and several have three, two and one. At a special Home Nursing examination, 1917, 10 passed for the pendant. Seven members are qualified for the Service Star and there will be many more very shortly.

— F I R S T

164

Several cases of accident have been attended by individual members, including fractures, haimorrhage, epilepsy, burns, sprains, etc. Enough money was contributed by and through the Division in Jan., i9i7,to endow an Alexandra College Nursing Division bed in the Duke of Connaught Hospital at Bray. In order to maintain efficiency in ambulance and nursing work a week-end was recently arranged by the officers, and a furnished house at Greystones was obtained for the purpose, 16 members attended and the programme was as follows :— The Quartermaster and her orderly went down by an early train on Friday to take over the house and to make arrangements, the remainder arriving by 7 p.m., when the work of the house, meals, etc., was divided into shifts— one to serve dinner and wash up, next to light range, prepare breakfast and clean house, and so on, the whole work being arranged in this way during the visit. On Saturday morning a trained nurse— Sister Phelan— very kindly came by an early train from Dublin and until luncheon instructed the members most exhaustively in Home Nursing— practical bedmaking, bandaging, administering of medicines, etc., and also in theoritical work. After lunch Dr. Ella Webb arrived and saw the members work on a scheme prepared by her for their practice, including first aid, lifting, and emergency work. After tea more Home Nursing ques tions. Altogether six hours ambulance and nursing work was done and much useful knowledge was gained. On Sunday Church Parade was the only fixture, all enjoying the lovely weather in the afternoon either resting or walking. After an early breakfast, the larger number returned by the 8.50 train to Dublin, leaving a few to give up the house and complete the cleaning, etc. This plan has proved most successful in keeping up the esprit de corps of the Division and promoting keeness in ambulance work and in the Brigade, but it would not have been possible but for the capable way in which the arduous duties of the Quartermaster were carried out, which left nothing to be desired in that most important department.

AID. —

May, 1918

Chapter IV. we find an astounding breach of the Principles and Etiquette of First Aid— viz., the inclusion of an article on Trench Foot, for which no First Aid treatment is allowable or even possible, and we know several examiners who have already declared that under no circumstances will they ever ask a question on this subject. On the other hand, we welcome the final disappearance of oil and other greasy substances (and the recognition of the pressing need for active antiseptic measures) in the treatments of burns and scalds. The most striking changes are in Chapter V. (Insensi bility), where a praiseworthy attempt has been made to deal systematically with a grave condition which may be intimately associated with other and equally serious emergencies. For purposes of tuition, however, we find the chapter extremely complicated, and we fear that the novices will, unless specially warned, become involved in the sections and sub-sections which are in places mixed up together. In Chapter VI. (Poisoning) some re-arrangement and amplification of the subject has been made with advantage, but in their essentials the instructions remain as before. In the remaining Chapters we find few material alterations Under transport the modification of the two-handed seat, known as “ the human stretcher,” has been added, and will prove most serviceable. Finally, we note the addition of an appendix containing a description (with methods of application) of the roller bandage. We are glad that this is not included in the Syllabus of In struction in First Aid, because we have always felt that no First Aider can be regarded as really efficient unless and until he qualifies in the additional subject of Nursing, and so acquires a knowledge of the use of the roller bandage. In conclusion, we congratulate the committee on their whole-hearted endeavour to simplify the subject, and we hope that the Manual may continue to be successful in teaching laymen and laywomen the most efficient ways in which they can render temporary assistance to their injured fellows.

WHY

AND

W HEREFORE

FIRST

AID.

By N. Corbet Fletcher, M.B., B.C., Cantab., M.R.C.S.

Reviews.

Third Edition. London : John Bale Sons & Danielsson, Ltd.

FIRST

A ID

THE

IN J U R E D .

Price 6d. net.

Thirty-second Edition. London : The St. John Ambulance Association.

Price is. net. We have received a copy of the new edition of “ First Aid to the Injured,” which we note has been revised by a committee of medical men under the chairmanship of Mr. W. R. Edwards. To console those old-time First-Aiders— to whom the thought of a new text-book and the necessity for further study are fraught with fears and trembling— we may state at the outset that the changes are chiefly by way of re-arrangement rather than by addition of fresh matter. We have always maintained that this Manual is the best of the numerous Textbooks because it teaches General Rules based on Principles. Looking through the new edition, there fore, we hoped to find further improvements on these lines, but we were disappointed. In Chapter I. (Outline of First Aid) new and valuable matter has been added. This, however, will prove most useful for Senior Students, especially for competition purposes ; and we fear that the novices will be so frightened at the review of technical words, phrases, etc., therein set out that they will hesitate to pursue the subject further. With regard to Chapters II., III. and IV. (Fractures, Haemorrhage and Miscellaneous Injuries) we observe that the committee have wisely refrained from interfering with the sub ject matter except in some minor details. We note an elabor ate sequence of bandages for an injured elbow, and we regret the omission of treatment for fractures of both clavicles. In

When this book was originally published in 1915 we were able (on account of its concise and practical methods of teach ing) to recommend it strongly to lecturers and students, and we prophesied a ready sale. Our prophecy has been fulfilled, and to-day we welcome whole-heartedly the recently published third edition, which has been completely revised and brought up-to-date. As our readers are aware, Dr. Corbet Fletcher has for the past three years acted as honorary expert correspondent to this Journal, and has firmly established his position as a most efficient exponent of First Aid, the proof of which is seen in the marked increase in the number of queries, difficulties, etc., submitted for his elucidation month by month. We are not surprised, therefore, to note that the new editionjof “ Why and Wherefore” contains many queries derived from this source ; and our readers can discover for themselves which queries impressed their teacher and are deemed worthy of inclusion. Owing to paper restrictions, some re-arrangement of type and spacing has been made in order to compress old and new matter into a smaller compass. This, however, has been done without sacrificing either the usefulness or the appearance of the book, which is well printed on good paper. Under these circumstances, we again commend the book to all who take an intelligent interest in First Aid.

When corresponding with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid.”

May, 1918,

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JO H N

AMBULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Benefits

1Derived

From Lectures Given by Sergt. Hanmer. ( Continued, fro m page 150). In

se n sib il it y

is caused by interference with t h e brain or its functions, or interference with the heart or lungs or their functions. Therefore, it may be caused by any of the following:— (1) Apoplexy; (2) Epilepsy; (3) Injuries to the brain; (4) Obstruction of air passages ; (5) Disorder of nervous system. Discrimination is most important in cases of insensi bility, let surroundings help as far as possible. Promptness in all cases is most essential. Observe for signs of acci dent, poison, etc. Then carefully and gently examine patient for signs of haemorrhage, injury to head, etc. Note condition of limbs, face— whether pale or flushed, tempera ture— high or low, breathing— whether stertorous or stopped altogether. Carefully examine eyes, as they are a great guide in cases of insensibility. Note whether pupils respond to light or if fixed or uneven. In cases of fractured skull, eyes may have blood-shot appearance. In cases of collapse from alcohol, eyes will usually respond to light. On examination, if one side of body is limp, it may be taken as a sign of paralysis. Examine lips, mouth and throat for stains, etc. Treatment.— In all cases of insensibility the following rules may be applied :— Lay patient gently down. Arrest haemorrage if apparent. Undo all tight clothing. If face pale , lower headj if flushed , raise head and shoulders slightly. Treat for shock by covering patient warmly. Provide for supply of fresh air. If breathing has stopped, apply artificial respiration. Get a doctor promptly. Watch patient carefully till doctor arrives. Give nothing by the mouth so long as patient is unconscious. If a limb is frac tured, see that it is properly steadied, supported and secured before moving patient. Even when the first aider is not able to diagnose the cause of the insensibility he will be perfectly safe in carry ing out above treatment, Compression or Apoplexy. — Caused by pressure on brain. Face flushed ; breathing stertorous. Very serious condition, and insensibility may be long and profound. Lay patient down ; raise head and shoulders; undo tight clothing ; apply cold to head and warmth to lower limbs ; get doctor immediately. Concussion o f B ra in . — This is one of the common causes of insensibility. Concussion is caused by some injury to the head, or falling from a height on to the feet often causes concussion. Insensibility from concussion may be mild, or it may only last a short time, or it may be severe and last a long time. Compression often comes on after concussion, so it is most important to get a doctor at once and see that the patient has rest and quiet, however slight the injury may appear. A life may be lost by neglecting these points. Epilepsy. — Prevent the patient hurting himself by In

se n sib il it y

gently restraining or steering his movements ; raise and support head and shoulders ; place gag between teeth and hold there, as patient might swallow it. When fit is over, let patient rest, but watch him carefully for recurring fits. If he asks for a drink give him a sip of cold water off a metal spoon. Fainting. — This condition is caused by want of blood to the brain. Lay patient down with head low ; undo tight clothing : cover up warmly ; raise lower limbs. Fan patient and apply smelling salts to the nose, if there is no injury to the head. Look for obstruction in air passages. Serve nothing by mouth while unconscious. Hysteria. — In this condition the patient is not entirely unconscious, but he needs the services of a doctor. Deal firmly but gently with him ; give no sympathy, but threaten him if necessary. Hysteria is usually caused by mental excitement. Collapse.— Treat as for fainting. Elevate and massage the limbs, and if very severe bandage limbs from toe up to body and from fingers to armpits, etc. H eat or Sunstroke.— Flushed face; skin dry; full pulse. Remove patient to cool, shady spot and lay down ; strip to waist; elevate head and shoulders; apply cold water or ice to head and spine. Infantine Convulsions.— These are usually caused by fevers, teething, or stomach trouble. Support the child in bath of water at body temperature; apply cold to head ; send for doctor. Electric Shock — Insensibility may be caused by elec tric shock. Before touching patient be sure to insulate yourself— roll some pieces of rubber or dry clothing round your hands and stand on rubber mat or dry coat, etc. ; use a stick to hook away wire. If drawing away patient, don’t catch under armpits or anywhere that may be moist. When you have removed patient from the current, lay him gently down and apply “ Laborde’s method ” of artificial respiration 12 to 15 times per minute, also flick neck and chest with wet towels. Don’t forget that there may also be very severe burns in this case. Narcotic Poisoning. — Morphia, laudanum, opium, syrup of poppies, etc. After any of these a patient is very very much inclined to go to sleep and so sink into insensi bility. This should be prevented at any cost, and while the patient is being treated for the “ poison ” he should be made to walk about and his neck and chest flicked with wet towels, or any other means resorted to that will keep him conscious till the doctor arrives. In a case of this kind an intelligent written message should be at once sent to the doctor. Rem arks. — When examining an unconscious patient it is not at all safe to come to the conclusion that he is in toxicated because his breath smells of alcohol. H e may just have taken a little when he felt unwell.

Mr. Polwhele,

County

Director for

changed his address from 25 Princess-street, Truro.

Cornwall,

River-street, Truro, to

has 1,

— FIR ST

A ID

TH E

ST.

JO H N

G eneral L etter of th e Joint V.A.D. C om m ittee to County Directors. D e a r S ir , you the following for your information:— T he Finance Committee has agreed that, since the Military Authorities now require V .A .D . members to be vaccinated before they are posted to Military Hospitals at home, the cost of vaccination may be paid by the County Director and charged to his grant-in-aid applications (para C(b).), in accordance with the conditions laid down in J.V.A.D. 124, para 1, June 27th, 1917, and J.V.A.D. 147, para. 2, November 26th, 1917. I have been asked to endeavour so ascertain the cor rect number of V.A.D . members, men and women, working in the counties. I am aware that County Directors have already been asked to supply these statistics more than once, but unfortunately we have never obtained anything like the true figure. Will you please do your best to let me have the nearest approximate number. I regret that we have been obliged to raise the price of Uniform Certificate Cases to Sd., owing to the increased cost. I am asked by Miss Swift, Matron-in-Chief Joint War Committee to insert the following :—

sen d

Owing to the expense, difficulties of travelling and risk of infection, I am writing to ask all Doctors and Commandants of Hospitals to co-operate with me and make as few changes in their nursing staff as possible, also to ask them to make my request known to the sisters. T he conveyance of the wounded is a serious matter, and the time has come when only journeys of necessity should be undertaken. I am sure I may count on the help of you and your staff in this matter. You will feel with me that the time has come when everyone should unhesitatingly sink minor diffi culties and tastes and do their duty as our soldiers are doing theirs, regardless of conditions. T h e following is the scheme which we have drawn up for the grading of V.A.D , members working in A u x ilia ry Hospitals. It is hoped that this scheme will give the encouragement which our members desire and so richly deserve. A V.A.D. nursing member who has gained the blue stripe in one hospital will not be posted to another for inferior duties ; naturally in these days of great emergency it may sometimes be necessary to ask a “ blue stripe ” mem ber to perform minor duties, just as fully trained sisters are sometimes asked to do them, but it must be clearly under stood that such a request is a temporary and not a perman ent one. Application for the blue stripe should be made to Lady Ampthill at Devonshire House, on a special form, which wdl be issued as soon as we receive it from the printers. T he following resolutions on the subject of grading Nursing V.A.D , members in Auxiliary Hospitals were brought before the Joint Women’s V.A.D. Committee on April 9th, 1918, and were agreed upon. 1. That only Nursing V.A.D . members with two white stripes should be allowed to enter for the exami nation. 2. That the examination should be conducted by

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

May, 1918.

the Matron and Medical Officer of a Hospital where none of the candidates have worked, in various towns to be named later. 3. That there should be a written paper as well as a viva voce examination. The written examination to consist of six standardised questions from head quarters, four of which must be answered correctly by each candidate. Questions on medical and surgical work, also precautions to be taken against infectious diseases. Ten marks given for each question. For the viva voce examination 30 marks for six questions. 4. That the personal reports on the candidate from the Matron or Sister in charge of her hospital on her work and punctuality, obedience, neatness, dis cipline, ward work and nursing capabilities be taken into consideration. 5. That members who qualify at this examination shall be permitted to wear a blue stripe instead of the white ones, and that only such members shall be eligible for the post of Assistant Nurse. 6. That members who have qualified as above and are deemed suitable should be recommended by the Matron of the hospital for the post of Assistant Nurse, and such appointment should be confirmed by the County Director and Headquarters. 7. That the letter A be worn by assistant nurses on their aprons. 8. That the blue stripe be worn on the Indoor and Outdoor uniform. It should be clearly understood that this scheme applies only to Auxiliary Hospitals. With reference to para. 4 J.V.A.D. 156, dated January 28th, 1917, all General Service members, whether working in Home Hospitals or Hospitals abroad, must now wear the brown shoulder straps on their outdoor uniform, and brown overalls. County Directors are urgently -asked to see that this order is carried out. At a meeting of County Presidents and County Directors, which was held at the Automobile Club on Thurs day on the n t h inst. the question was discussed of our Organisation undertaking to supply and administer beds in connection with existing hospital establishments to the ap proximate number of 18,000, for the treatment of dis charged men who have been invalided out of the Army. Mr. Hodge, the Minister of Pensions, attended and undertook to provide the full expenses necessary for equip ment and maintenance, and further, to provide money that might be necessary for rent if suitable buildings could not be obtained free. It was understood that, subject to the protection of the tax-payer, the County Director should exercise similar control over these beds to that exercised over the beds in existing Auxiliary Hospitals provided for by the War Office. It was clearly understood that under no circumstances should any expenses or money charges be entailed upon the Red Cross Organisation. I promised to send round to the various Counties a copy of the table drawn up by the Ministry of Pensions of the number of beds which they desire to have in each county, and it was understood that County Directors would thereupon endeavour to ascertain how far they could meet the Ministry of Pensions’ requirements, and would draw up an estimate of the capital expenditure necessary, and any annual cost that might be chargeable by way of rent. I have pleasure in sending herewith a copy of the table referred to, in which you will see the number of beds that it is

May, 1.918.

—

FIRST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

hoped that your County would provide. I shall be grateful if you will kindly consider the matter, and let Doctor Fox Symons know at this address before Saturday, May 4th, the number of beds, up to the figure desired, which you think you could provide in your own County, together with your estimate of the cost thereof. . ^ 33^ Your estimate should set out under separate headings the estimated cost of equipment, of rental— if any, and of alterations necessary to convert the buildings suggested into satisfactory hospitals. It would be a further advantage if you could give an indication of the time which you expect it would take to complete the buildings satisfactorily, pro vided that Priority Certificates were obtained by the De partment to enable you to obtain the necessary materials and labour. You will observe that we are asked to supply 18,000 beds, and I would ask you to bear this number in mind in making your investigations, but for the present it probably will suffice for the needs of the Ministry of Pensions if we can provide about he (that number. Yours faithfully, A

r t h u r

t a n l e y

Chairman.

Duties of a Commandant, Medical Officer, Matron or Lady Superintend= ent and Quartermaster in Hospital.* D

u t ie s

o m m a n d a n t

o sp it a l

w h en

o r k in g

Commandant.— The Commandant will be in charge of the Hospital, except for Medical and Nursing Services, and will

(a) Be responsible to the County Director for all duties connected with the Hospital. (b) Issue the necessary local orders for carrying out Hospital duties and for the maintenance of discip line. (c) Be responsible for all buildings, equipment, stores and supplies. (d) Be responsible for all monies belonging to the Hospital and see that all books, returns, records and documents are properly kept. (e) Be responsible to the County Director for all Military Returns and other business in connection with the War Office. The Commandant must carefully avoid any interfer ence in the Ward Work or nursing arrangements. T he Commandant should be responsible for V .A . D .’s in non-nursing, capacities working in Hospitals. The Commandant should be responsible for V .A .D .’s off duty (if resident) and for their punctuality in reporting for duty. If the Hospital is large enough to need Staff Hostels, there should be a special Superintending Officer appointed to manage them, who would be responsible to the Com mandant. Special rules should be laid down for the treatment of infectious disease or for temporary isolation. * These hints for Officers in Auxiliary Hospitals should not be taken as rules, because it is fully recognised how different the conditions are in every county ; but they are published as a guidance to what has proved to be a workable scheme.

AMBULANCE D

u tie s

M edical

GAZETTE. — of

th e

e d ic a l

167 O

f fic e r

Officer.— The

Medical Officer has entire charge and control as far as medical and surgical matters are concerned. D

u t ie s

o f

th e

a t r o n

e n io r

ist er

ad y

S H

u p e r in t e n d e n t o sp it a l

T he Matron, Lady Superintendent or Senior Sister (who must be a three years’ Trained Nurse) will direct the work of the Nursing Staff, and will supervise the special points bearing upon Nursing, the sterilization of instruments and other professional matters in the Wards and Operating Rooms. In the absence of the Commandant and the Medical Officer she will be in complete charge of the H os pital. She will ordinarily

(a) Be responsible to the Medical Officer for the treatment and care of the sick. ( b) Be responsible that all poisons and external applications are kept in their appointed place, and that the Poisons Cupboards are kept locked. (c) Receive daily any alcoholic drinks ordered for the patients and be responsible for their correct distri bution, in accordance with the Medical Officer’s orders. (d) Go round the wards at breakfast, dinner and tea, and see that the diets are properly distributed and served. The Matron, Lady Superintendent or Senior Sister should have entire control and management of the patients and Nursing Staff in the Wards, and the responsibility for this should be clearly laid down. She should Attend the Visiting Surgeon or Physician, taking his instructions with regard to treatment, and giving orders accordingly. See all new members of the Nursing Staff as soon as possible after arrival at the Hospital, arrange all offduty times— three hours daily— -as in all Military Hospitals. Prevent waste and extravagance, both of food and also of dressings in the wards. Give report each night to the Night Sister and receive report from her in the morning of all that has happened during the night. Have a written report from the Sister of every nurse leaving a ward on being transferred to another. Exercise great care that all members of the Staff fully understand the necessity for care and disinfec tion, and that they should be taught to cover carefully every scratch or sore on fingers or hands before doing dressings, and be careful to use forceps to remove soiled dressings See that the sanitary arrangements for the Nurs ing Staff are adequate, and entirely separate from those used by the patients. See that the Nursing Staff report at once the slightest illness to the Matron or Sister on duty. D

u t ie s

o sp it a l

u a r t e r m a st e r

The Hospital Quartermaster will be responsible to the Commandant for the receipt, custody and issue of all articles in the equipment and provision store, and will

(a) Command in the absence of the Command ant, Medical Officer and Matron. (b) Keep a register of all articles loaned. (c) Prepare and submit indents connected with supplies for the approval and signature of the Com mandant.

i68

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

(d) Be responsible for all the soldiers’ kits in Hospital and for the issue of the Hospital clothing. (e) Keep a careful list of all men’s kits. See that their clothing is washed and cleaned and any valuables kept under lock and kep. ( / ) Keep a careful list of anything committed to her care.

The College of Ambulance. A s u m m e r course o I special lectures and demonstrations on Ambulance Work and First Aid will be held in the Lecture Hall of the College of Ambulance, 3, Vere-street, Cavendish-square, London, W. 1., on Thursday afternoons at 4.30 p.m., in May, June and July, 1918, as indicated below. Each lecture or demonstration will be illustrated as far as may be possible and will be followed by a dis cussion. May 23rd, at 4.30, p.m. “ The Evolution of Ambu lance Work in the Army.” Surgeon-General G. J. H. Evatt, C.B., M.D., R .A .M .C., President Travelling Medical Board, Western Command, 1915-16 May 30th, 4.30 p.m. “ Ambulance, First Aid, and Welfare Work in Factories.” William J. O ’Donovan, Esq., M.D., B.S., M.R.C.P., Chief Medical Adviser to the Ministry of Munitions of War. June 6th, 4.30 p m. “ First Aid in Infectious Fevers.” Col. William Hunter, C.B,, M.D., F.R.C.P., Senior Phy sician London Fever Hospital and Consulting Physician to the Eastern Command. June 13th, 4.30 p.m. “ First Aid in the Management of Mental Cases.” Major Sir Robert Armstrong-Jones, M.D., F.R.C.S., F.R.C.P., J.P. R.A .M .C., Consulting Physician in Mental Diseases to the London and Aidershot Commands. June 20th, 4.30 p.m. “ First Aid in the Treatment of Injuries and Affections of the Ear, Nose and Throat.” Herbert Tilley, Esq, B.S., F.R.C.S., Surgeon to the Ear and Throat Deparment, University College Hospital. June [27th, 4.30 p.m. “ First Aid in Injuries and Affections of the Eyes.” Arthur Hugh Thompson, Esq., M.A., M.B. Surgeon Western Ophthalmic Hospital. July 4th, 4.30 p.m. “ The Work of the Royal Life Saving Society.” William Henry, Esq., Chief Secretary of the Royal Life Saving Society. July n t h , 4.30 p.m. “ First Aid in the Management of Burns and Scalds.” J. M. H. Macleod, Esq,. M.A., M.D., F.R .C.P. Physician for Diseases of the Skin, Char ing Cross Hospital. July 18th, 4.30 p.m. “ The Work of the Royal National Life Boat Institution.” George F. Shee, Esq., M.A. Secretary of the Royal National Life Boat Insti tution. T he Course is intended primarily for the Governors, Fellows, Members and Associates of the College of Ambu lance, but medical officers of health, medical practitioners, nurses, health visitors, and others engaged in public health duties, social assistance and all forms of National service are invited to attend. There is no fee for this course of special lectures and demonstrations. Further particulars and information regarding election to the College of Ambu lance may be obtained on application to the Secretary at 3, Vere-street, Cavendish-square, W. 1. (Telephone: “ May fair 4652).

AMBULANCE

G A ZETTE. —

May, 1918.

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order , St. fohn's Gate , Clerkenw ell , London , E .C ., A p r il 30th, ig i8 . The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :—

A s Chaplain : The Right Rev. The Bishop of St. David’s.

A s K nights of G ra ce: John Eyre. The Hon. Mr. Justice Sankey. Leolin Forestier-Walker. Lieut.-Colonel David Davies, M.P. The Lord Kenyon, K.C.V.O. Hugh Murray Ingledew Lieut.-Colonel Thomas Wallace, M.D. (from Hororary Serving Brother). The Right Hon. Thomas Richards, P.C., M.P. Sir William Benjamin Gentle. Lieut.-General Thomas Herbert John Chapman Goodwin, C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O. Colonel William Gordon Thomson (from Honorary Associate). The Hon. Sir Charles Algernon Parsons, K.C.B. William Francis Paul. Edward White. Colonel (Temporary Brigadier-General) Valentine Murray, C.M.G.

A s Ladies o f G ra ce: Frances Fownes, Lady Maxwell Lyte. Adela Harriet, Lady Codrington. The Hon. Mrs. Ernest Guinness. Julia Mary, Lady Sheffield. Hilda Mary, Lady Shakerley. Emma Bettine, Mrs. Paget. Marion, Mrs. Bruce. A s E squ ire : Robert Peacock, M.V.O. (from Honorary Serving Brother).

A s Honorary Serving Brothers : Thomas Lamb. Jonathan Clingo. Henry Thorp.

F o r E nrolm ent as Honorary Associates : Thomas Parkyn Blades, F.R.C.S. Colonel Henry Herrick, D.S.O., L.R.C.P., and S., A.M.S. Colonel Conrad Theodore Green, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H., A.M.S., T.D. John Willett, L.R.C.P.E., L.R.C.S.E. Lockhart Edward Walter Stephens, C.B.E., M.R.C.S. Charles Bell Child Clipperton, C.M.G. Captain Frederick Charles Lefevre. Mary Elizabeth, Miss Davies.

A Home Nursing Class for women is assembling at 6.30 p.m. on May 30th at 41, Tothill-street, Westminster. T he fee for the course is 4s., and application should be made to Miss E. Fraser Baddeley, 87, Cadogan-gardens, S.W. Mr. E. M. Tailby, Winchester House, Victoria-square, Birmingham, has been appointed County Director for B ir mingham, in the place of Dr. Nelson, deceased.

— F I R S T

May, 1918. CONTENTS E

d it o r ia l

TH IS

the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St. John

NUMBER.

has reached the immense total of ten million pounds, and lays stress on the fact that “ never was there a need for a

—

Man Power and Ambulance Men D

ist r ic t

epo rts

continuance of the ministration of the Red Cross more

—

urgent.”

No. 1 ; No. 3 ... No. 5; No. 11; No. 12 ... R

e v ie w s

A I D . —

163

—

i6a

First Aid to the Injured...

The work of the Red Cross costs seven pounds

a minute, and it is certain that the recent severe and con tinuous fighting will make increased demands upon the resources of the organisation. * *

Why and Wherefore in First Aid T

S t . Jo

h n ’s

m bu lan ce

aze tt e

—

Benefits I Derived from Lectures given by Sergt Hanmer ... ... ... ... ...

A n ingenious little appliance, the Demonstrator Clini 165

cal Thermomometer, designed for demonstrating the mark

General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to County Directors ... ... ... ... 166

ing and reading of

the clinical

Carvell, who is well

Duties of a Commandant, Medical Officer, Matron or Lady Superintendent, and Quartermaster in Hospital ... ... ... ... ...

ambulance

workers

The College of Ambulance

...

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... Brevities ... ... On Discrimination ...

... ...

167

... 16S

... ... ...

... 171

P r a c t ic a l

P o in t s —

...

Masking of Signs of Epilepsy t o

t h e

a n d

...

... ...

...

known to

examiner

Demonstrator is obtainable from the St. John Ambulance * * * I

n c r e a sin g

attention is being paid to the health and

conditions of factory workers, and not only has a Com mittee of the British Association been appointed to investi

172

a Committee set up by the Minister of Munitions, has

... 172

issued a number of important memoranda on welfare super

E d it o r —

Complicated Accident Emergency Stretcher Q u e r ie s

171

and

gate industrial fatigue from the economic standpoint, but

Natural Remedies L etter s

...

lecturer

Association at the price of sixpence.

168

Life on Board an Ambulance Train

thermometer, has been

first aid and kindred subjects of many years’ standing. The

169 170

Clinical and Ordinary Thermometer (Fahr.) Notes ...

Dr.

A n sw ers

vision, industrial canteens, employment of women, hours of ... ...

... ...

173 173

C o r r espo n d en ts—

t o

Fractures of Clavicle and Scapula

...

... 174

work, industrial fatigue, ventilation and lighting of munition factories and workshops, sickness and injury, and special industrial diseases.

In addition, Professor Stanley Kent

...

174

has published under the auspices of the Home Office, an

...

174

important jpoint on the investigation of industrial fatigue

Fracture Involving Elbow Joint ...

..,

...

174

by physiological methods, in which he co-ordinates and

174

amplifies the recommendations made in these memoranda,

Improvised Treatment

...

Transport of Fracture Cases

Fracture of Humerus and Forearm

...

Fracture without Loss of Power ...

...

... 174

pleading for a more careful study of the physical capabili

...

... 174

ties and limitations of the worker, both in his own interest and that of his employer.

Vagaries of Textbook

...

Extract from a Letter from a Fellow V.A.D.

174

* * *

Brevities.

A t the Institute of Public Health Sir James Cantlie stated that a soldier s chances of recovery from wounds

W e had the pleasure in inspecting this month the

depended upon treatment received during the first half-

splendid ambulance station which has been erected by the

hour in which he is brought up from the trenches.

No. 44 Division of the No. 1 District of the Brigade, and

same applies to persons injured in works or street, hence the necessity of a training in First Aid.

while there its usefulness was amply demonstrated by a case coming in for attention.

* * *

The Supt. had the greatest

difficulty in raising funds to accomplish his project, but now it has been attained, the station is a landmark to the resi

The

May

6th,

the

offices

Messrs.

Crescus

Robinson & Co., Ltd., Newington Causeway, S.E., certifi

dents of the district, and is a constant reminder to them

cates were presented to eleven members of the firm who

of the work of the division, and thus he anticipates to be

sat, all of whom passed the examination of the St. John

well supported financially.

Ambulance Association.

Other divisions please note.

T h e King’s letter of congratulation to the Times sets forth in moving terms the claims of the Red Cross upon the people of the Empire.

His Majesty expresses great

satisfaction that the fund of the Joint War Committee of

The Chapter-General has sanctioned the issue of a War Service Badge to people who have been working under any department of the Order of St. John. Full particulars will shortly be in the hands of all County Directors, Deputy Commissioners and Centre Secretaries.

— FIRST

D iscrim ination.*

B y R I C H A R D M O R E L A N D , J u n r .,

CorporaI, Hampstead, D ivision , S J .A .B . ( Concluded from page i j p . ) (3)

selecting means o f treatment and op transport.

In a large number of cases the First Aider will find himself alone with a patient and a few bystanders, who know nothing about First Aid. He may be out of reach of a telephone ; there may be no available medical help and no hospital within useful distance; and he will then have to exercise his Discrimination, and to act entirely on his own responsibility. In proof of this we will consider the following case :— An Alpine Touring party— consisting of two men and a guide, with knapsacks and stocks— was descending a mountain, when crossing a ravine one of the men slipped and fractured his patella. The other man, who was a F'irst Aider, found him un conscious with a scalp wound and with his sleeve saturated with blood. They were an hour’s journey from the nearest inn and within one hour of sunset in the late autumn. The First Aider at once began to treat the haemorrhage by apply ing digital pressure and by instructing the guide to keep the patient in a restful position, to utilise the dry bracken and heather which lay near at hand, to undo clothing, to cover up patient with their light shawls, and to prop him up with the knapsacks. On exposing the wounded arm, he found that the digital pressure only temporarily controlled the haemorr hage, and by further explicit instructions to the guide he was able to put on an improvised tourniquet. Using his Discrimination, he next examined for other injuries, and finding none treated the insensibility and suc ceeded in restoring his friend to consciousness. H e also released the tourniquet at intervals to avoid congestion of the limb. H e then had to solve the problem of transport against time, and sent his guide a short distance to find help. After ten minutes the messenger found two shepherds, who agreed to assist until sunset. During this time, with the assistance of the patient he set the fractured patella and dressed the wounds of arm and scalp. As all four men were necessary to carry the patient down to the road, he decided to make use of a hurdle as stretcher. On reaching the road, the shepherds had to return, so putting his patient under shelter the First Aider sent the guide for a horse and cart, which he obtained at an inn'three-quarters of a mile away. At the same time he gave instructions to have a bedroom prepared for patient and also to send two more men. During this interval he treated for shock, gave the patient some water to drink, made use of his smelling salts, and kept him warm. Further, anticipating some jolting, he collected bracken and heather, which he subse quently placed under the hurdle in the cart. On reaching the inn the patient was put to bed, and the First Aider, learning that a doctor could not arrive until the morning, sat up all night applying cold water dressings to patella, and giving proper attention to the comfort of patient and to tourniquet, the continued use of which was indicated by recurrence of hasmorrhage.

* These Notes are based on a paper read at a recent meeting of the Hampstead Division, S.J.A.B.

AID. —

M ay, 1918.

(4) In handling a case already under treatment by another F ir s t Aider. Under these circumstances an unusual amount of Discrimination is required, especially when it is quite evident that an accident has occurred; that the patient is ill and has met with an accident; and that another man is in charge. Sojne First Aiders, however, being over-anxious that the best treatment is not being adopted, in many in stances forget to ask for the signs, symptoms and history, “ butt in,” begin to examine, and thereby give rise to trouble. The best way, in cases such as these, would be for the First Aider who arrives last, to mention first to the other that he is certified and qualified to render First Aid, and to ask if he can be of any assistance. Afterwards he could quietly suggest that the proposed treatment might be ex plained, so that he might give the benefit of his experience and knowledge. Then after consultation he could assist the first man, who might, however, decide to hand over the case to him as the more efficient First Aider. If, however, the first man wishes to continue in charge of the case, he should be allowed to do so, and the second man should loyally assist. Again, it must not be taken for granted that a man— in plain clothes and without any badge— is incapable of dealing with a case, as he may be a first class ambulance man. Further, we can imagine and sympathise with his feelings if he has to stand by and see another man, possibly in uniform, come up, interfere and undo a good deal of the treatment which he has already put in. (5) In deciding to do nothing. This is probably the most difficult task before a First Aider, and is best illustrated by an actual case. Thus :— A St. John nurse was walking along a road in uniform, when she was informed by a boy that there was an accident two hundred yards away. A man had fallen from a ladder resting against a tree which he was cutting, and came down with the branch cut off. When she arrived on the spot, the nurse saw that two bystanders had picked the man up and were just going into a neighbouring house. From enquiries she found that the man had come down quite slowly in the branches and that he could walk. She did nothing ! It might be asked whether she should not (1) have volunteered assistance ; and (2) have gone into the house, on the chance of the man having received a blow on the head, or some other injury that might have caused in sensibility later. I believe, however, that the nurse acted wisely and with discrimination, since signs of external injury were absent and her assistance was not invited by those in charge of the case. In selecting “ Discrimination ” as my subject, I have endeavoured both to point out some important ways in which this quality may be called into play, and also to emphasise its significance as a most essential qualification for any one who desires to carry out efficiently the Prin ciples of First Aid.

We regret that there were two errors in “ Promotions and Appointments to the Order” appearing in our last issue— viv., Sir Charles iffirris Nicholson, Bt., M.P., should be Sir Charles vVorris Nicholson, Bt., M . P . ; and Mia M iss Lucas should be Mia M rs. Lucas.

— F I R S T

May, i 9 l8 -

Clinical and Ordinary Thermometer (Fahr.) Notes. B y S.

LLOYD

HARVEY*.

he appended details are the collation of notes from lecture, general reading, and observation whilst preparing for a St. John Home Nursing examination. In the form presented, such may be helpful to entrants for ^similar course of instruction.

AID. — (by attraction) at the dots and transforming them into smudges. A “ Certified Clinical,” “ Bath ” (Clinical size are on the market) and Sick-room thermometers should be in cluded in the equipment of every nurse.

Condition.

Lowest.

Highest.

Limits of life ... Generally fatal Great danger... High fever 0 Low „ £ “ Sick patients ... O Normal Average normal Sub. normal ... Collapse Shock and rigor ...

110 108 106 106 103 100'5

93 95

102 100 996 981

98 '4

1Reaching higher /point in evening

995 98

90 —

Notes.

—

Temp, may be normal, or, even raised

2 to 6 A.M. 2 to 6 P.M. Temp, of body „ of sick 65 55 room — 60 „ for frost bite Baths, tepid ... No effects nerve 95 85 centres or lungs, no reaction „ infantile 95 95 convulsions >> 72 98 „ general cleansing .S96 101 „ warm ... Stimulates nerves, •5>increases pulse, O slight reaction 102 no „ hot Greatly increases pulse and re spiration 1 11 120 „ very hot Short time only, strongly affects heart and lungs Freezing point — 32 212 _Boiling „ — 245 250 Steam disinfecting Equal to pressure of 28 lbs. to the square inch G

e n e r a l

o tes

Clinical thermometers vary in extent of markings below 95 degs. Preferably’ they should, at least, range from 92 to 110 degs. An uncertified clinical thermometer is valueless for real practical use. Instead of “ jerking” down the mercury, with con sequent risk of breakage, place about half length of bulb end in cold water. See mercury is below normal before using. If, from any cause, in doubt of correctness of reading, take temperature again before marking record sheet. When marking chart with pen and ink, make dot on point of variation, and draw connecting line just short of, and not quite to, the previous made dot. Not actually connecting will prevent the ink running off too freely

Life on Board an Ambulance Train. A w r i t e r in “ The L. & N.W. Railway Gazette” for April gives the following description of the work of an ambulance train in this country : “ Imagine, for a little while, that you are an onlooker on the quay of a certain English port. See the stretcher bearers with their bundles of blankets and piles of stretchers, waiting to board the big ship as it comes alongside. They begin their task of mercy. They pass before you in an endless stream, carrying the weak and suffering, but ever cheerful, lads from the ship to the train, with the care and consideration which a mother bestows on her child. Friend and foe are treated alike. T he other day I was watching some bearers removing some wounded Germans. The first two or three pairs came and put down their burdens on the platform, saying to the sergeant in charge: ‘ Fitze,’ ‘ square head,’ or ‘ Berlin Scottish’— for, of course, the bearers have all sorts of names for the Hun. After them came another pair with step firm and slow, carrying their patient very steadily, and, placing him gently on the platform, they just said ‘ German,’ and walked away. This German was both blind and legless, and I noticed in this instance particularly the care and attention which was given him. While the patients are being entrained the examiner makes his final inspection to see if the train is in proper order and fit for running. Eulogy of the examiner is superfluous. He is a man who knows that the lives of many depend upon him, and his patriotic spirit renders trustworthy. The train is now loaded and steams out of the station en route, let us say, for some place in the North. T he orderlies make the patients comfortable for their journey, and then collect the labels which are attached to each patient and hand them in at the office, where a record is made. “ The medical officer comes round with his cheery smile and jocular manner, dieting them according to their complaints. 1 Where are you wounded, sonny?’ says he to one of them. ‘ Left thigh, right hand and right foot.’ ‘ Y ou ’ll only get one gold stripe for that, you know; why couldn’t you be satisfied with one wound?’ And so he goes on with a pleasant word for everyone. “ The patients have to be fed, and the orderlies rise to the occasion. Feeding patients is an art in itself when the train is travelling at the rate of 50 to 70 miles an hour. The carrying of soup in basins on trays, especially, neces sitates a good deal of juggling. The orderlies delight to display their skill. Old Bill, who balances a tea-pail in each hand, defied competition. Those who dare to follow his example fail in the attempt to maintain their equilibrium, and leave a wet trail behind them. Jam sandwiches go down with a relish, and there are many ‘ Oliver Twists ’ among the patients. Perchance there are many among our readers who have had to go without food for a somewhat lengthy period, but their hunger cannot be called by that name, according to ambulance orderlies. They see men who experience hunger every day, and the ozone of the Channel is productive of not easily satisfied appetites. “ When all are fed and warm, inside as well as out, cigarettes are distributed, and some smoke while others

172

— F I R S T

sleep. Those who remain awake look out of the window if old King Sol has not yet gone to rest. They gaze in awe and wonder at the stately grandeur, it may be, of the northern ranges, or admire the placid rivers and woodlands of the South. The fields are white with daises, or perhaps Nature has clothed herself in a mantle of snow. Some times she appears in the ffowing golden robes of a rich harvest of grain, and her cbeeks are red as the scarlet poppies. Sometimes she has dressed herself in a drab brown, and the farmer ploughs his land and sows his seed, and hopes that she has not discarded her bridal dress for ever, but will appear in due time as fresh and gay as before. “ Some of the patients are fond of passing away the tedious hours in recounting their experiences. Invariably they make light of their wounds. ‘ There was a careless chap in our company,’ says one, ‘ and the night I got hurt he was eating oranges and throwing the peel all over the battlefield. So, of course, when I went to see ’Aig ter ask if it was dark enough ter have some fireworks, blow me if I didn’t slip on one of those bits of peel and cut me fingers on a salmon tin.’ ‘ How many Germans did you shoot?’ asks Joe of Charlie. 11 never shot one, and I had a good chance, too. The Huns were charging in close formation.’ ‘ Shoot at will,’ shouted the captain. ‘ Which one is ’e ?’ I answers, and before anyone could tell me I got it in the chest. The idea that the average soldier is unin telligent and ignorant is quite wrong. Most of them know what they are talking about. Captain Bairnsfather’s Old Bill is nothing more than a caricature, which it is intended to be. These men who come over and travel in our ambu lance trains we find to be, as a rule, men who think as rational men should think. The drill sergeant may tell us ‘ You are not supposed to think in the Army.’ If the British soldier had refused to exercise his mental faculties failure would be inevitable, whereas we have reason to be lieve that victory is imminent. “ T o continue our journey, the agricultural and horti cultural area are left behind, and we pass into an iudustrial area, where smoking chimney rise skywards and grime and dirt replace the grass and flowers, and we stop at one of our great railway centres. A [large crowd of women and children and business men peer in at the windows, handihg in gifts for the patients or wishing them good luck. A nursing orderly hands out some postcards and letters with the request that they be posted, most of them being roughly pencilled lines to relatives and friends. T he V .A .D . nurses, who come on the train with refreshments, endeavour to make the men happier than ever, and their services are much apprciated, and it would be well if they could be car ried on more extensively. The train moves off once more, and the next stop is at our destination. There we find motor ambulances drawn up in readiness, with patriotic women of the W.A.A.C. standing beside them to drive away as soon as they are loaded. Men of the R .A M . C . : the St. John Ambulance Corps, the Red Cross stretcher bearers are waiting to enter the wards with stretchers. The medical officer and sergeant alight. ‘ Boards out !’ roars the sergeant, and the orderlies adjust the boards at the doors so that the bearers may avoid the step. The stretchers are carried into the wards, and the work of detraining begins. Tommy and Jack and Bill and Bob bid each other farewell in case they should be separated, and off they go to join the sick and wounded in our British hospitals, to be taken care of by our efficient staffs of doctors, nurses and orderlies. There we must leave them while we get to our work, roll up our sleeves, change the linen, make the beds, and, with brush and soap and water

AID. —

May, 1918.

elbow-grease, make our train spic and span for the next convoy, as we return to the disembarkation port once more.”

J r a c tic a l J o in ts . The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and bad boints in Treatment—for inclusion in this Column. N a tu r a l

R e m e d ie s.

A man on one occasion is said to have set his mind on committing suicide. To ensure this object, he (1) swallowed a potent dose of opium ; (2) saturated his clothes with paraffin oil ; (3) fixed round his neck a cord, one end of which he attached to a tree overhanging a river ; and (4) loaded his revolver. At the critical moment he applied a lighted match to his clothing, jumped from the river bank, placed his revolver to his head and fired. Did he accomplish his object ? N.B.— No. The shot missed his head but severed the rope ; the water quenched the flames of the burning clothes ; the paraffin and water made him vomit ; and a policeman pulled him out of the river. For these reasons he escaped the combined dangers of shooting, hanging, burning, narcotic poisoning and drowning ! ! !— A. I. M., Kentish Town. M a s k in g

o f

S ig n s

o f

E p il e p s y .

A man was found lying unconscious beside a row of waggons in a Railway Siding. There was no bruising or wound of head. In short, signs of Concussion of the Brain were present and well marked, except that these were accompanied by slight twitching movements, involving face and all the limbs and recurring spasmodically. Doubt, therefore, hrose as to the exact diagnosis. Fifteen minutes later and before the arrival of the doctor, the patient vomited and the effects of Concussion begin to abate— the face regaining its normal colour, the pulse and respiration becoming stronger and more regular, although there was no return of consciousness. Shortly afterwards a typical attack of Epilepsy, with severe convulsive movements took place. The history obtained subsequently demonstrated that the man, who was subject to Epilepsy, was suddenly seized with an attack while standing near the waggons, and that, in falling, he struck his head against an axle box, with the result that during the first attack the convulsions were probably limited in their violence by the Concussion which intervened and masked the signs of Epilepsy.— E. T. M., Tufnel Park. A course of First Aid Lectures will be held at St. Luke’s Church Room, West Kilburn, N.W. on May 30th, at 8 o’clock. Application should be made to Sergt. G. Faire, 43, Marne-street, Queen’s Fark, W. 10. The fee is 3s. 6d., including book and bandage and examination. Lecturer, Dr. Newman. These classes will be held on alternate weeks. Candidates for Demonstrator’s Certificates are re minded that the next examinations take place during the first week in June as follows:— June 1st: London, Bir mingham, Manchester, Bristol and Dublin. June 3rd: Cardiff. Examinations will also be held during the same period at a few of the other centres in the event of their being sufficient candidates.

A MEAL IN A MINUTE

—FIRST

May, 1 9 1 8

£ etters

the

1 73

S d ito r .

We are *n n0 roay responsible for (he opinions expressed, or statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c . COM PLICATED

AID. —

the

A CCIDEN T.

D EAR S i r , — With reference to the Complicated Accident

(which resulted in four additional emergencies) reported under “ Practical Points” in your April issue, I am inclined to infer that, if three of the Principles of First Aid had been carried out, four of the cases might have been avoided. First, if the ambulance man had been tactful he would have sent a messenger on before to a sensible neighbour, who could have warned the mother and sister and saved them from injuries, which seem to have been caused by their being flurried. Secondly, if the ambulance man had been observant, and at the same time resourceful, he would have noticed the restive condition of the horse and would have gone to the head of the animal while the driver obtained control with the reins, whereby he would have prevented the last two accidents.— Yours respectfully, H.

r e st

19, Norman-grove, Kirkstall, Leeds. EMERGENCY D

ear

STRETCHER.

S i r , — In reading Mr. S. Lloyd Harvey’s letter in

April issue, he says that one bearer in front and one bearer at back of carrying sheet is just the proper thing to convey a badly crushed patient up narrow stairs ; but he does not men tion the position of injured person’s back while ascending the stairs. I will give my experience on this work :— When going to load an injured person on a stretcher, to convey him home (or hospital), I have a good strong rug laid over stretcher, which is comfortable for patient to lay on, and the sides of the rug can be used for covering and warmth. On arriving at patient’s home, and the necessary preparations made for removal upstairs, I have one bearer at the head, one bearer at the feet, and a third at the patient’s hips, to help in lifting injured man on my back, while I am on my hands and knees deside the stretcher. When the patient is laid flat on my back, I go on hands and knees until the stairs are reached, the bearer at head goes backwards, and I go upstairs on my hands and feet, thus keeping the patient in a recumbent posi tion ; the two bearers only steadying the patient. On arrival at top of stairs, the march to bedside is done on my hands and knees, when the third bearer is called on for help to lift patient into bed. Hoping my experience may help any other first aider under such circumstances.— Yours truly, F

r ed

o tto m ley

Tankersley, Barnsley. May 6th, 1318.

for

U n if o r m s

a n d

E q u i p m e n t V a st modern factory resources, added to a century’ s experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and E q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge comparison with an y other clothing of equal quality. Prices and Samples on request.

16,

N IL E S T R E E T , C ITY ROAD, LONDON, N .I., and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M IL LER S T R E E T , G LA S G O W .

HOME FOR

OF F IC E

O RDER

FACTORIES.

An Order made by the Secretary of State, requires that the Occupier in all Factories in the following classes: Blast Furnaces, Copper Mills, Iron Mills, Foundries, Metal Works shall provide F I R S T A I D C A B I N E T S in the proportion of at least one to every 150 persons, where 25 persons or more are employed. We supply for this purpose two C a b in e t s :— No. I, containing the minimum requirements of the Order. Prices, 1 to 4 Cabinets, 25/=; 5 to 10 Cabinets, 23/9; 11 to 20 Cabinets, 22/6; over 20, 21/3 each nett. No. 2, containing in addition, the Dressings recommended by H.M. Medical Inspector of Factories in the First Aid Leaflet for the Treatment of Minor Injuries. Prices, 1 to 4 Cabinets, 50/- ; 5 to 10 Cabinets, 47/6, 11 to 20 Cabinets, 45/d J over 20 42/6 each nett.

T er m sP a c k in g free, carriage paid.

Cash with order.

First Aid Cabinets are not required in Blast Furnaces where an Ambulance Room is provided.

U s e d e x t e n s i v e l y in B r it is h , C iv il a n d M il it a r y h o s p ita ls , a n d b y t h e R e d C r o s s S o c ie t i e s ot G r e a t B r it a in , t h e o v e r s e a D o m in io n s , a n d t h e A llie s .

Sold in tins by Chemists,etc.,everywhere BENGER’S FOOD LTD., — Otter Works, — MANCHESTER, B r a n c h O ffic e s : N ew Y o r k & S y d n e y .

Eng.

D e p d ts th ro u g h o u t C a n a d a .

A M B U L A N C E R O O M S must be provided where 500 persons or more are employed in Factories to which this Order applies. We supply estimates for the equipment required, also for the construction of the Rooms where necessary.

S o u th a ll B ros. & B a rcla y , Ltd., C h a rfo rd

M ills ,

B IR M IN G H A M .

— FIRST

r 74

Q u eries

and

J U is w e r s

C o rresp o n d en ts. Queries will be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-streei, London, E.C. 2.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. ?. — The Textbook, to which teference may be made in these columns, is the Revised (79/7) Edition of S.J.A.A. Manual of First-Aid.

AID.— of forearm ? cation ?

o f

C l a v ic l e

Sc a pu la .

a n d

G. A. (Victoria) asks for treatment of fractures of right clavicle and left scapula. Treat as for fracture of both clavicles ( Cantlie , p. 51). This method has unfortunately been omitted in revised Text book.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r . I m p r o v is e d

T r ea tm e n t

o f

F r actu r e d

L eg .

D. H. (Bridgend).— For treatment of fractured leg— splints not being available— is it correct to straighten leg and fix it to uninjured fellow with bandages at knees, ankle and feet and with wadding packed between legs to keep limb

straight ? The padding is good treatment if it is carefully arranged to fill up irregularities between legs, but it would not keep leg straight. Otherwise treatment is correct, though 1 suggest using four bandages— one above and one below break, to con trol fracture ; one just above knees and one round ankles, to control limbs.— N. C. F. T r an spo r t

o f

F r a ctu r e

C ases.

I. B. (Wigan).— In transport of fractures, should the stretcher come to rest feet first and fracture last, wherever it may be ? When a stretcher is being lowered, the patient must be kept (where possible) in a horizontal position, and all four runners of stretcher must touch ground at the same moment. The position of fracture does not affect the point.— N. C. F. F r actu r es

o f

H u m eru s

a n d

I n v o l v in g

r a ctu r e

it h o u t

oss

o w er

A. M. (Regent’s Park) supplements his Query, published in April issue, with more complete details. The patient was intoxicated, fell off a bench, and broke both bones of left leg. Afterwards, while sitting on edge of the bench, she was able to move her feet freely up, down and round ; further, she insisted on standing up and on walking round the room, supporting herself with her arms round the shoulders of two women. Under these circumstances, A. M. asks if this is not a case of fracture without loss of power. No.

Since the patient was not able to stand or walk Further, the mental condition of the patient would dull the sense of pain, while it encouraged foolhardy action. Incidentally, the frag ments must either have been impacted or pressed so firmly together that there was practically no break in continuity oj the bones which could, therefore, be used for certain limited movements.— N.C.F.

except -with assistance, there was loss of power.

ses

r i o n a i ..

E. T. (West Green).— What are the properties and uses of Trionai ? Is it safe to use on Burns ? Trionai drug, taken beyond the sive, and I N. C. F.

is a powerful and dangerous sleep-producing by mouth. As such, therefore, it is absolutely scope of First Aid. Further, it is most expen have never heard of it being used externally.—

F o r ear m .

W. P. (Oldham).— (1) With simple fractures of humerus (lower third) and of forearm, would it be right to secure with right angled splint? (2) What sling should be used, since Textbook recommends small arm sling for humerus and large for forearm ? (1) Yes— with modifications. Improvise and pad a rightangled splint, the vertical limb of which should extend well up the arm, while the horizontal should reach to finger tips. Apply same to inner (palmar) aspect (supported by another splint on outer aspect) of forearm. Fix splints with five band ages— one in middle of arm and one below elbow joint to con trol fractured humerus (and splints) ; one above and one below fractured forearm, to control fracture thereof-, and one round hand, to complete control o f splints. Finally, rest limb in large arm sling. (2) The Textbook rightly allocates injuries involving elbow joint to forearm, and recommends large arm sling in all such cases.— N. C. F. F r a ctu r e s

If not, what is the best position for its appli

The necessity for the fourth bandage is not clear. In fact, I consider it a bandage wasted and quite unnecessary, since the weight of the forearm is efficiently supported by the armsling, which will remedy any defect in the strength of the rightangled splint. Reference to the Textbook, however, shows that a new method (Fig. 25) of tying splints together is recommended. This differs from the old method taught by Dr. Cantlie (Fig. 26) in the absence of diagonal turns of the controlling bandage. It is palpably weak, and permits movement of the transverse and horizontal limbs of the splint. For this reason an extra figure-of-eight bandage may be necessary (although to me this disadvantage is overcome by the large arm-sling), and should be applied as close to the elbow joint as the splints allow.— N. C. F. F

F r a ctu r e s

May, 1918.

E lbow

Jo in t .

I. G. (Newport).— For Fractures involving elbow joint the Textbook (p. 59) now instructs us to “ apply a fourth band age as figure-of-eight round arm and forearm.” What is the special object of this bandage ? Should it be applied round the middle or upper third of the arm and the middle

E xtract from a L etter from a F ellow V.A.D. D e a r old E. F. Barker died on Wednesday evening. She was only ill fifteen hours, and became unconscious almost at once. She was buried on Friday with full military honours. First of all was the firing party with reversed rifles, then the ambulance with her ; then six orderlies carrying wreaths ; then 30 of the R .A .M .C. Detachment, and then all the M .O .’s and some of the General Service V .A . D .’s. We went in ambulances, and followed two and two to the cemetery, first V .A .D .’s and then Sisters. Capts. Roberts, Rankin, Aidie, MacMichael, Wagstaffe and Marrett carried her coffin so nicely. The padre saluted the grave at the end of the service, and when the Last Post was sounded it was almost more than I could bear. Heaps of outsiders came— Miss Hartigan (matron-inchief for that area) and three other matrons, various head quarter V .A .D ,’s, A .D.M .S .’s, etc. It was all most impressive, and very nicely done.

— F I R S T

May, 1918.

A I D

FIRST-AID IO D E X

T fa v u x te Nurse’s Outfits

A BLAND & PA IN LESS

^ (Un£. Iodi

— IO D IN E D R E S S IN G .—

Aseptic.

Antiseptic.

IO D E X

has been supplied to : h.M . F le e t S u r g e on s, R .A .M .C . S u rgeon s, RedCross Su rgeon s, C ro ix R o u g e F r a n c a i s e B e l g i a n F i e ld H o s p i t a l s F r e n c h F i e ld H o s p it a ls , N um erous M ilitary H o s p it a ls , M e m b e r s of S t. John A m bulance.

I0D EX

T J E R E at Harrods the Private or Professional Nurse will find every requisite of her calling, and she may depend implicitly upon the correctness, the quality, and the service of every thing supplied. Advice on all out fitting matters gladly given by post to those prevented from visiting the Department (on Harrods 2nd Foor).

I O D E X is a First-Aid Dressing of great merit— painless and bland. It promotes rapid healing and is ideal in septic wounds, tears, abrasions, bruises, burns, scalds, inflamed feet, etc. I O D E X is non-staining, non irritating F re e Iodine of great penetrative power. It is a power ful absorbent and antiseptic, and rapidly reduces inflammation.

sold in l o z . Pots, Price

Harrods are appointed by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the British Red Cross Society and all materials and patterns are approved thereby. N . U . 13 0 . W e ll cut U n iform D ress, as sketch , bodice lin ed , in fine N a v y C o a tin g Serge. S to c k S i z e s . . .. 39/6 and 4 5 / M ad e to order, w ith fittin gs . . .. 6 3 /-

1/3.

IO D EX has benefited thefollowing and numerous other conditions. B n larg-ed C la n d s , G o itre. T u b e r c u lo u s J o in ts, B u rsitis, fe y n o v ltls, S c ia tic a , N e u ritis , G o u t, R h eu m a to id A rth ritis, H y d ro c e le , P a ra sitic S k in D ise a se s. R in g w o rm , C h ilb la in s , A c n e B o lls, M u m p s , S p r a in s , AN D A L L IN F LA M M A T O R Y C O N D IT IO N S.

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to —

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Collars, w ith 2 stud

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holes, in a ll sizes, 8 } d . each. band and finished w ith e la stic at top. C o t t o n .. .. U n io n .. .. Pure L in e n ..

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O r unlined, 4 7 / 6 . In 3 sizes— S m all, M edium and L a rge.

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In N a v y for B .R .C .S . O r B la c k for S .J .A .A .

In le n g th s 48 in ., 5 0 in .,

White Apron, reg u lation p attern , w ith tw o p a tc h p c c k e ts, in le n g th s, 34111-, 36 in ., 38 in ., 40 in ., 3/11 each.

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52 in., 54 in ., 56 in.

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Aprons, welT-fitting G ored S k irts.

In len gth s 34 in.,

Oversleeves, for w ear in h osp ital, 1/2-V, 1/6}, 2/3} per pair. Stiff White Belts in a ll sizes, 2} in. w ide, 1/- each.

Hemstitched Obloug Cap, in fine L a w n , 18 in. b y 27 in. and 19 in. b y 28 in ., 1/each.

36 in ., 38 in., 40 in. A s illustration , 3/11 each.

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in vario us d ep th s, an d a ll sizes kept in stock .

sizes, 2} in. dep th , 1/- each.

Summer Coals.

in Z e p h y r a n d M atron C lo th , in s e lf colou rs an d strip es, from 13/11 each . In 3 s to c k sizes.

Ladies’ Overalls on w ell c u t lines.

Sister Dora Cap, 7 j d . , 1/0}, 1/11} each.

116,

Bold

Operating Coats, as w orn in the M ilita r y H osp stals. In fine Irish C a lic o , lig h t yet stron g, 9/11 each . In C ream L in en -fin ish ed C lo th , 9/11 each. S p ecial m easurem ents for la rg er or sm aller C o ats c a re fu lly follow ed, o r differen t s ty les m ade acc o rd in g to c u sto m ers’ req uirem en ts.

Linen Masks, 1 /6 } each .

S tr e e t, LIVERPOOL.

“ St . Cecilia Apron.” W ith e x tra la rg e bibs an d w ide c urved strap s over the sh oulders, and w ell cu t gored skirt m easuring 72 in. at foot. M ad e in L inen-finished C lo th , w ith or w ith out p ock et, 5/ 3 each. S to c k ed in 3 le n g th s, 36 in., 38 in ., and 40 ins.

C a rr ia g e

Paid on

all Orders overlO/-

’ ,85#

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- F I R S T

176

AID.—

May, 1918

MANUALS

FIRST-AID,

&e.,

By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C (Cantab), M.R.C.S. A ID S

F IR S T -A ID .

T h ir d E d itio n .

“ C o l.

S U B S T IT ^

P o st free, 7 d .

First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with A|ds to Memory. Cantlie contributes tin introduction tend we endorse his good o p i n i o n 0/ the book." — L a n c e t .

A ID S

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

P ric e 7 d . , post free. Home-Nursing Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory. S econ d E d itio n .

^ ilc a k e s i^ ^

“ This book w onderfully sim plifies a complex subject and should be read by a ll students." — L . & N .W . R y . G a z e t t e .

H a n m e r ’s L ife -S a v in g L e c tu r e s.

WHY

AND

W HEREFORE

E F F IC IE N C Y CAN

YOU

B O R R O W A P I C T U R E P A L A C E ? If so, do it at once ! Get the promise of the loan of it for one night and then write to Ambulance Officer H a n m e r for par ticulars of a scheme that will give the Ambulance movement in your district a good lift. Mr. Hanmer is now booking dates for exhibitions in the pr ovinces of the O F F IC IA L F I R S T A ID F IL M , accompanied by his well-known system of teaching First Aid, by aid of Lantern Slides and practical demonstrations. Special opportunities offered to Coal Mining Districts. Send 3d. stamps for Novelty Booklet and full particulars of Eight Special Features to :—

HANMER, Official Demonstrator, St. John Ambulance Association, GoLDTHORrE, Nr. Rotherham. Wire: “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe."

PO STAL IN S TR U C TIO N in “ PRESCRIPTION R E A D IN G ” and “ ELEM ENTARY DISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member of S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted for the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) Special terms no w — half fees— to members of S.J.A.B., &c. A p p ly (tta m p ) to M r . J . E . W a l d e n , S e c ., W estm in ster C o lle g e (L a d y D isp en sers S ectio n o f the W estm in ster C o lle g e o f C h em istry and P h a rm a cy, estd. 1874),

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HOWARD

Dem onstrator

PRESTON,

the

Pelyteehnic.

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Second-H and Prices, N ew

T O :-

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E.O .

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H al f

NOTES

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FIR S T

AID

SIMPLIFIED.

B y S id n e y H . L a m b . A Handbook in a tabulated and simplified form giving the main points in first aid, so arranged as to impress them on the memory of the student.

i T ) Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark , _/\ . I ) . Grey beaver cloth, 45s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 32s. 6d.— Write for DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., I ONDON, E,C.4. gatternsjrn^jrarticularSj^hornton^&^Ca^ailorSj^righouse^

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F IR S T-A ID .

P o st free, i s . ad. Problems Study, Treatment and Examination solved for Senior Students. “ W ithout doubt the book w ill be o f great service in the tra in in g o f those f o r whom it is designed. " — B r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

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P ric e 7 d . , post free. Difficulties iu Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer. 11We commend this book to Lecturers a n d Students who w i l l f i n d i i o f great serviee . " — F i r s t A i d .

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F F

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a l i,

“FIRST AID’’ QUERY and REPLIES COUPON. To be cut out and enclosed w ith a ll Queries M ay,

1918.

R e y n o l d s & C o ., L td ., 46, Cannon S t., London, E.C. 4., to whom all communications shoald be addressed.

F IR S T

AND

ST.

JO H N

THE

AM BULANCE E d ite d b y A R T H U R

No. 288.—

o l

A ID

X X IV .

JUNE,

1918.

GAZETTE.

DALE. {E ntered a t S ta tioners' H a ll.)

PRICE THREEPENCE [ 3/8 P

A nn u m , P o st

F ree]

number of Dutch, Swedish and Norwegian noblemen, who N O TICE

READERS.

would be likely to exercise their influence. This

F I R S T A I D is published on the 2 0 th of ea ch m on th . The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

Its aim and object being the advancement of Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE,

REYNOLDS & CO., 46 , C

annon

protest

worthiest

has

been addressed to

motives— namely,

the

with the

lives

our

wounded soldiers in hospital ships may be saved, and the treatment of British sick and wounded prisoners in Ger many may be improved by the protest which the Order in England has made to the Order in Prussia. A small section of the Press, notably The E vening

Standard , has criticised the protest, commenting on the circumstance that after nearly

four years of

war with

Germany any body of British such be ready to address to Germans such a communication.

L td .,

that

We think such a view

altogether misguided, and cordially agree with the Duke of

S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E .C . 4.

Somerset, who has publicly refuted it.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twenty-four, London.” Telephone No. 3471 Bank.

The Duke writes

that it would be criminal to miss any chance, however slight, to save the lives in hospital ships or improving the treatment of the British sick and wounded in Germany,

EDITORIAL.

and as the Order in Prussia is a very influential body there is at least such a chance.

W e publish in another column of this A P r o te st and an A p p e a l t o Germ any.

issue a solemn appeal it has been de cided

by the Order of

St.

John

to the utmost the interests of our sick and wounded should write against the dignified protest of the Order of St. John in England on their behalf.

Jerusalem in England to address to the same Order in Germany to exert its

influence in securing that a stop shall

H e further expresses astonish

ment that any British newspaper which desires to promote

When The Eveuing Standard says that it would have supported the appeal had it been made in August, 1914,

put to the

it certainly forgets that no one at that time would have

sinking of hospital ships, the ill-treatment of prisoners

given the Germans credit for such barbarities, or for a

and of the wounded, and other breaches of the Geneva

moment thought the appeal necessary.

German section of the Order before

It is a record that the Order in this country has ful

the war numbered upwards of 3,000 Knights, all of noble

filled the duties of its historic mottoes :— “ Pro F id e ” and

Convention.

The

birth, with the Kaiser as the Protector, who were pledged

“ Pro Utilitate Hominum.”

to devote themselves to the objects of the Order, which are the Christian principles of the care of the wounded T

and the protection of the weak and unprotected without regard to nationality. The Johanniter Orden, as it is described in Germany, is the Prussian branch of the ancient Order of St. John, and in this country it is hardly realised what importance and influence is attached to and wielded by the German section of the O rder; it also embraces a considerable

the

Order

rder

will

S t . J o h n .— The annual Festival of

celebrated

.June

25th.

Commemoration Service, which the Duke of Connaught, as Grand Prior, will attend, will take place at the Grand Priory Church (St. John’s) Clerkenwell, Archdeacon of Wesminster will preach. a General Assembly of the Order will Chapter Hall at St. John’s Gate.

2.30.

The

After the service be held in the

178

— FIRST

AID. —

June, 1918.

IMPORTANT J h ( Grand Shriorg of the Ordar of the h o sp ita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BULANCE

Jh e

S t.

Jo h n

DEPARTM EN T.

.Ambulance Brigade

D IST R IC T D

epu ty

o m m issio n e r

ORDERS.

W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E.

JULY, 1918. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 7th.— No. 63 Division, Smith & Son. „ 14th.— No. 64 „ St. Pancras Y.N.C.S. „ 21st.— No. 66 „ Mitcham. „ 28th - No. 67 „ Boro of St. Pancras. From 2.30 p.m. to 5.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. A IR

R AID

C A SU A L T Y .

The Deputy Commissioner announces with deep regret that Private White, of the No. 4 Division, whilst preparing to proceed on air raid duty, was killed together with his wife, by a bomb from hostile aircraft on May 19th, 1918. The funeral took place on the following Wednesday, and was attended by an escort from his Division, the special permission having been obtained from General Sir Francis Lloyd that the coffin should by draped with the Union Jack. OFFICERS

TRAINING.

It has been arranged that Officers of the No. 1 District shall meet occasionally near the headquarters for special training, such as might be given in an Officers Training Corps. The senior Superintendent Mr. Liddell, has promised to assist. A number of officers have expressed their desire to take part, and it is specially desired that officers of experience shall attend in order that the newer officers shall have the advantage of their help. If it can be arranged it is also proposed that drills for sergeants and corporals shall be held. Officers who are able to attend are requested to advise the Deputy Commissioner, stating the day and time they would prefer the training to take place. [A L T E R A T I O N S

U N IF O R M .

It is expected that very shortly Brigade Orders will be issued indicating changes in the uniform of officers; and rank and file. Members are therefore advised not to purchase new uniforms without consulting the Deputy Commissioner. A IR

RAIDS.

Reports have been received from various Divisions show ing that members of the Brigade did excellent service in each part of London where bombs fell on the occasion of the air raid on Whit Sunday, May 19th. The members in charge of a contingent treating serious cases should report at once in writing to the Superintendent, and if necessary, to the Deputy Commissioner. Detachments who assemble for duty but do not treat cases need only send in the ordinary periodical report through the officer in charge of the division. NEW

DIVISIO N S.

The following new divisions have been formed :—

N ursing.— No. 42. Euston Nursing Division. Ambulance.- No. 81. Kilburn Division. (Signed)

NOTICE.

Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

W. H. W I N N Y , O.B.E.,

Deputv-Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.

H a m p s t e a d (20) D i v i s i o n . — The Division took a full share in the Recruiting Parades recently organised by the V.A.D. County Director. On Sunday, May 12th, a good muster of the available members attended Church Parade in the morning at Christ Church, and in the afternoon joined in the route march through the borough. On the following even ing a public meeting was held at St. Stephen’s Hall, the Mayor of Hampstead being in the chair. Miss Lilian Braithwaite was the principal speaker and emphasised the pressing need for more help from the women of England in the military hospitals. Further appeals for full and part-time workers in the local hospitals were made by Dr. Cecil MacFadden, Dis trict Surgeon, S.J.A.B. ; by Miss Hoare, Commandant Caenwood Towers Hospital (S.J.A.B.); by Miss Cutbush, Commandant Rosslyn Lodge Hospital (B.R.C.S.) ; and by others. At the conclusion of these speeches the Divisional Surgeon — Dr. Corbet Fletcher— gave an interesting account of the part taken by the Brigade in the development and furtherance of the Red Cross Movement, and then directed an excellent display of the various methods of transport, which were well carried out by squads selected from the Division. On Monday, May 27th Private W. G. Wickens, with the help of his friends, organised and conducted a most successful concert at St. Stephen’s Hall in aid of the Divisional funds.

U n d ergro u n d R a ilw a y (N o. 77) D i v i s i o n . — The annual concert was held at the “ Albert Stanley” Institute, Hammersmith, on May 23rd and 30th. The concert was run in duplicate owing to the staff being on duty. On both dates the London Electric Railway Black and White Minstrels gave a very good and varied programme consisting of songs, dance, and solo instrumental music. This troop is composed entirely of Underground male and female staff, and is managed by a member of the Division. On the 23rd Mr. W. E. Blake, Supt. of the Lines, was in the chair. In a suitable speech he stated that the division had dealt with over 200 cases during the year, and the Railway Company show their appreciation by refund ing the examination fees to successful students. Mr. W. A. Agnew, mechanical engineer, was in the chair on the 30th. He offers a medal for individual competition at the annual sports. Sixty-one certificates and 13 medallions were distributed as a result of recent examinations, only two students failed to pass the examination.

No. 2 D is t r ic t . S o u t h a m p t o n . — It is with sincere regret we have to re cord the death of Pte. E. H. Crook of this Division, he having joined the 3rd Battalion Grenadier Guards in May, 1917, was severely wounded whilst serving with that unit in France and died in one of the Canadian hospitals (in France) on the 15th May last. Pie. Crook joined the Southanpton Division in January 1910, and was a member who was always ready and willing to undertake his share in ambulance work whenever the Division was out on public duty, and was a fair attendant at Divisional drills. In the early stages of the War he also rendered valuable help at the local Rest Camp, and immediately the Voluntary Aid Hospitals were opened he took up the duty as a night orderly. His loss will be keenly felt by all members of^the Southampton Division.

No. 3 D is t r ic t . N o r t h E a s t W a r r i c k s h i r e — The Coventry Nursing Division regret the loss of one of its members, Miss Gertrude Haines, who was taken ill and passed away very suddenly, suffering from the new complaint (Botulism). Six nursing sisters attended the funeral, which took place on May 22nd in the Coventry Cemetery.

June, 1918.

No.

— F I R S T

D istric t.

C H O R L E Y . — A civic welcome was given to Sick Bay Steward Montague, who took part in the recent Zeebruggee and Ostend raid. Montague, who is a member of the Chorley Division of the Brigade, has been serving since 1914, and is attached to a monitor. He was presented by the Mayor with £5, and also with a safety razor, the latter the gift of the Division. The Mayor said that nothing stood out as a greater indication of the real bravery and heroism than the action of those men who volun teered to take part in the great exploit— one of the greatest in the annals of the Navy. The Chorley Division had since the outbreak of war sent out 148 men to the various naval and military forces. Supt. Ashton said in addition to the men they had sick nurses serving in France, Egypt, Salonika, and various parts of the United Kingdom,

No. 9 D is t r ic t . With much regret we have to record the death of Dr. R. H. Grimbly, which took place on April 4th at his residence at Newton Abbot, after a short illness, from pneumonia. Dr. Grimbly was a native of Banbury (Oxon), but in his early days went to Newton Abbot, where he soon established an extensive practice. He was the founder of the Newton Ambulance Corps, and his services were recognised in 1911 by his appointment as Deputy-Commissioner for the counties of Devon and Cornwall (No. 9 District) and in addition he was made a Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Also through his instrumentality the V.A.D. Hospital at Newton was established in 1914, with 45 beds, but the accommodation was not long ago increased to 100. Of this institution he was medical officer in chief, and as Assistant County Director of the Red Cross Society he carried out his work at the hospital in a manner which won the highest praise from headquarters. About a month ago this work was recognised by his having conferred upon him by His Majesty the King the Order of Officer of the British Empire. A few years ago he built a house at Hay Tor, Dartmoor, and had looked forward to retiring to that lovely spot. His funeral took place on April 8th, in Ilsington church yard, on the edge of the moor which he loved so much.

No.

12 (Irish) D is t r ic t .

Sir John Lumsden, D.L., Deputy-Commissioner Irish Dis trict, and Director-in-Chief Joint V.A.D. Committee for Ireland (excluding Ulster), whose name appeared in the last Honours List as a Knight of the British Empire, formed the first active Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade in Ireland in 1903, and he has pioneered its extension to 30 Ambulance Divisions and 58 Nursing Divisions. He despatched 100 fully trained Royal Naval Sick Berth Reservists on the day of the outbreak of war, and since then has mobilised 500 men for [service in Military Home Hospital Reserve. Sir John Lumsden has acted as Director-in-Chief of the Joint V.A.D. Committee for Ireland (excluding Ulster) since its formation in February 1916. B u i l d i n g T r a d e s C o r p s . — This corps has been steadily increasing in strength and has recently added another Nursing Division to its numbers. The Central Nursing Division has been formed, the Divisional Superintendent being Mrs. Chas. Keatinge. Already some of the new members have volun teered for service abroad, and it is hoped that the new division will be as useful as the older ones in the corps have proved themselves to be. A m b u l a n c e W e e k . — An interesting event took place in Dublin during the week commencing May 13th, when a strong amateur company produced “ The Duke of Killicrankie ” and “ The Man from Blankley’s ” at the Gaiety Theatre. The per formances were in aid of the funds of the No. 12 (Irish) Dis trict of the St. John Ambulance Brigade, and a very substantial profit accrued. The Marchioness of Headfort very kindly gave her ser vices and acted at every performance. Her personal charm

A ID

—

179

and delightful acting were important factors in the success of the undertaking. The plays were produced by Mr. Herbert Bailey, who has so often helped the Red Cross movement in Ireland, and he and his clever players are to be heartily con gratulated on their magnificent success— not only in raising so much for the funds of the Brigade, but the truly artistic way in which the plays were interpreted. A committee was formed to promote the sale of tickets, and Lady Arnott, D.B.E. (Lady of Grace) kindly acted as Chairman of Committee, and also gave her house for committee meetings. Miss Macnie acted as hon. secretary to this Com mittee, and Corps Supt. Reg. H. Keatings as hon. treasurer. His Excellency Viscount French, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, attended the performance during the week, making his first public appearance in Dublin society. A Guard of Honour of Nursing Sisters was drawn up in the foyer of the theatre and inspected by His Excellency, who, in a delightful speech, acknowledged the work of our V.A.D’s in France and else where. After the week’s performances, the artistes were entertained to supper in the theatre by Lady District Supt. Dr. Ella Webb, M.B.E. (Lady of Grace), District Supt. W. G. Smith, District Officer Miss Blandford and Corps Supt. Reg. H. Keatinge— representing the Irish District of the St. John Ambulance Brigade— when a presentation was made to Mr. Bailey as a token of gratitude from the Brigade. The hon. business manager and organiser, Corps Supt. Reg. H. Keatinge, is to be congratulated on the success of Ambulance Week, which has realised a sum of over £350.

S t.

3ohn N

J lm b u la n c e ^ A sso ciation . ew

ou th

a les

e n t r e

T he 27th annual report of the Centre, which is just to hand, is a record of steady progress. Recruiting for the Australian Imperial Force has lead to numerous applica tions being made for instruction by men desirous of enlist ing in the Army Medical Corps. T he past year’s record show that 106 classes have been held, comprising 69 First Aid, 33 Home Nursing and four Hygiene, and 2,151 individuals qualified for an award. The St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas, N.S.W. District continues to grow in numbers and usefulness. The various Divisions have rendered the Association assistance by organising new classes and giving the members instruc tion in the practical work. The Nursing Divisions as V . A . D ’s, in conjunction with the Red Cross Society have helped in the Convalescent Homes for returned wounded and sick soldiers, and the men of the Ambulance Divisions have on many occasions attended to the needs of Queens land returned soldiers on the train from Sydney to Brisbane. The annual statement of accounts shows a credit balance of £ 4 1 6s. 9d.

It is interesting to note the comparison in the progress of the London Ambulance Service; in 1915,

the com

mencement of the service, 2,405 calls were received; in 1916, 9,244; and in 1917, 12,652.

We attribute this in

crease not to the fact of their being such an increase of accidents, but to the general recognition on the part of the public of the usefulness of the service.

i8o

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE.

June, 1918

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to County Directors. D

ear

you the following for your information:— A V.A.D. Club has now been opened at Devonshire House, Piccadilly, for the use of V.A.D . members. The Club contains a writing-room, and a drawing-room. The garden at Devonshire House is at the disposal of members, who may also use the three tennis courts on payment of a fee small enough to help with the upkeep. Members may also use the canteen attached to Devonshire House. There is no entrance fee or subscription (except for the use of the tennis courts), but no member will be allowed inside the Club except on the production of J.V.A.D.24. With reference to J.V.A.D. 160, para. 2, dated March 1 8th, the War Office request that the members referred to will wear the letters “ T .F .A .” on their shoulder straps in lieu of the single letter “ T ,” as already laid down in the paragraph referred to. In view of the shortage of paper, J.V.A.D. 80 should not, in future, be filled in in duplicate. Owing to the increasing difficulty of supplying mem bers to Auxiliary Hospitals, Lady Ampthill asks that County Directors will, whenever possible, supply these hospitals from local detachments. Will you kindly impress upon your Commandants once again that all General Service members must be provided with J.V A .D . 24, This is the only permit for buying uni forms and must be given to all V.A.D. members to what ever section they belong. General Service members are continually presenting themselves at Devonshire House prior to going abroad, but are found not to be in possession of this necessary certificate. Please notify St. John Commandants that they must instruct their General Service members to get brown over alls. All General Service members have now to wear brown whether they are St. John or Red Cross members. A third class return ticket for single fare will now be issued by the War Office once every six months to women of the mobile branch of the General Service Section V . A . D .’s, serving in hospitals under military control, when travelling in uniform on leave. County Directors will, therefore, not have to provide mobile members in future with half their leave travelling expenses. The concession, however, will continue to be paid in the case of immobile members. Members who have served three months whole time consecutive service in a hospital may now enter for First Aid and Home Nursing examinations without attending the usual course of lectures. It is hoped that the examination questions for the blue stripe will be finally settled very shortly. We have now received the drafts of questions from the Chairman of the Education Committee of the British Red Cross Society and the Chief Secretary of the St. John Ambulance Association. se n d

Full instructions regarding these questions and the blue stripe will be issued later. Colonel Carr-Calthrop, I.M.S., 9, Grange-road, Ealing, W.5, has been appointed County Director for Middlesex, in the place of Major Darvil-Smith, retired. Mr. Edward Tailby, Winchester House, Victoriasquare, Birmingham, has been appointed County Director for Birmingham in the place of the late Dr. Nelson. Yours faithfully, C

h iltso n

C h ie f County Director.

The Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England and the Johanniter Order. A s p e c i a l meeting of the Chapter of the Order of St. John was held under the Presidency of the Duke of Connaught, Grand Prior, on May 14th, at the opening and conclusion of which prayers were read, according to custom, by the Chaplain, the Rev. Canon Sheppard, D.D., Sub-Dean of the Chapel Royal and Domestic Chaplain to the King. T he Secretary General, the Rt. Hon. Evelyn Cecil, M.P., at the request of the Duke of Connaught, then made a statement that the object of the meeting was to approve a communication from the Order of St. John in England to the Order of St. John in Prussia, protesting against the sinking of hospital ships, the ill-treatment of ' sick and wounded prisoners of war and other breaches of the Geneva Convention. The protest was emphatically not from Government to Government, but from the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England to the same Order in Prussia. The Order was founded to carry out Christian principles, it was international, and it was an ancient Order of Chivalry dating from the twelfth century. The Grand Prior then read the communication, as under:— 14th May, 1918. We, Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Prinee of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire land, Grand Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England, and the Knights of Justice, Knights of Grace, and other members of the said Order, in Chapter-General solemly assembled, desire to approach the most illustrious Grand Master of the Bailiwick of Brandenburg, and the Knights of Justice, Knights of Honour, and other members of the Johanniter Orden, with regard to certain belligerent acts committed by the Imperial German Government dur ing the present war, which appear to us to be opposed to the declarations, maxims, and professions of our ancient and illustrious Order of Christian Chivalry. Strongly im bued with the spirit of our Order, we would beg of the noble members of the Johanniter Orden to petition his Imperial Majesty the German Emperor,and exercise their influence with the Imperial German Government to pre vent henceforth the sinking of hospital ships, to foster in all camps .the humane treatment of sick and wounded prisoners of war, and to observe scrupulously all the pro visions of the Geneva Convention. We regret to record

June, 1918.

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

our opinion that in these respects the Government of his Imperial Majesty has not always acted up to the ideals and laws of our Christian brotherhood. These objects are so much the purpose and goal for which our ancient Order has continually striven, that we appeal with the more con fidence to its eminent members in Germany, in the hope and belief that they will unite with us in endeavouring to uphold our historic mottoes, “ Pro Fide ” and “ Pro Utilitate Hominum,” and to maintain the highest standard of Christian generosity, charity, mercy and honour. To the Most illustrious Grand Master of the Bailiwick of Brandenburg of the Johanniter Orden and Knights and Members of the Orden. A r t h u r , Grand Prior.

JOHN

Sub-Prior. C e c i l , Secretary-General.

lym o u th

velyn

GAZETTE. —

181

In connection with the last sentence of the SecretaryGeneral’s letter, it is interesting that the Swiss corre spondent of a Zurich paper which supports the cause of the Allies writes as follows: “ I was much impressed by the noble tone and sentiments of the letter from the British Order of St. John to the Prussian Order of St. John and have already written on the subject to my paper.”

A V.A.D. Bed.

H e r b e r t J e k y l l , C h a n cello r. P

AMBULANCE

liz a b e t h

a r r e t t

n d erso n

o sp it a l

The Duke of Connaught commended the letter to the Chapter as dignified and maintaining the high spirit of chivalry and humility which had always imbued those who had the honour to belong to the Order, and he trusted that this exposition of their true feelings expressed in a friendly manner might be productive of some good. They had all deplored the sinking of our hospital ships and the terrible treatment of our prisoners of war, and he felt that they would not be acting up to the tenets which they held so precious if they did not make an appeal, now assembled on this solemn occasion, to try whether it might not have some effect for good with the representatives of the Order in Germany. The Earl of Plymouth moved, and Sir Herbert Jekyll seconded, an expression of thanks to His Royal Highness the Grand Prior.

W e are asked to publish the two letters below with regard to a bed at the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital being endowed by V . A . D . members.

The Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital, Euston-road, London, N.W. 1. A p r i l 1 r th, 1918 . D

ear

S ir ,

velyn

C e c il ,

Secretary-General.

ad a m

,—

I am venturing to write and tell you about the Memorial Appeal now being made by this Hospital in honour of its Founder, Dr. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, who, as you doubtless know, died last December. Dr. Garrett-Anderson founded the Elizabeth Gairett Hospital, the pioneer women’s hospital, in 1866, and it is felt that there could be no better way of honouring her memory than by placing on a sure foundation for the future the Hospital started by her. We hope, therefore, to raise a sufficient sum to endow as many as possible of the existing beds, and various representative groups of women workers are being asked to collect severally £ 1,000 to endow or “ Name” a bed in perpetuity. Miss Irene Vanbrugh is collecting for a Stage Bed, Miss Beatrice Harraden for a Women Writers Bed, Dr. Ethel Smyth has collected over ,£140 for the Musicians’ Bed, etc. The leaflet enclosed will show you the beds we are trying to endow, and I am writing to ask if you could give us any help with the “ V.A.D. Bed,” which has only just been started. We should indeed be grateful for any contribution you could send us. I am, dear Madam, yours faithfully, (Signed) W in if r e d £. E v e r it t . Appeal Secretary. • Lady Ampthill, 65, Ennismore Gardens, S.W. 7.

The following letter in reply to criticism in an evening paper has been addressed to a correspondent by the Secre tary-General :— Chancery of the Order of St. John. 8th June, 1918. I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter regard ing the protest recently addressed by the Order of St. John of St. John of Jerusalem in England to the Johanniter Orden in Prussia, and enclosing a copy of an article in the E vening Standard. I regret that I cannot agree with you or with the E ven ing Standard. How any newspaper which has the welfare of our sailors and soldiers really at heart can write in such terms is to me astonishing. It amounts to saying that, rather than leave no stone unturned to prevent the sinking of hospital ships or improve the treatment of British prisoners in Germany, we are better employed in singing hymns of hate everyday. That is not the principle upon which the Order of St. John in England has ever acted, and I trust it never will. To quote its statutes, its objects are “ the encouragement and promotion of all works of humanity and charity in the relief of sickness, dis tress, suffering and danger, without distinction of race, class, or creed,” and so long as there is the slightest chance that the Order can do good towards saving the lives of our wounded soldiers or bettering the lot of British prisoners in Germany by appealing on Chris tian grounds to the Order in Prussia, I have not the least doubt that it was right that it should be done. And the protest could not possibly be effective"unless it was couched in absolutely polite and traditional language. If the Prussian Order, which is a powerful body in Germany, has sunk so low that it persists in disregarding its Christian and international obligations, this very fact is brought into stronger relief by the protest from the Order in England, and is helpful in influencing neutrals towards the side of Great Britain and her Allies. Yours faithfully,

Lady NorthclifiPs Hospital (for Officers), 14, Grosvenor Crescent, S.W. May 1st, 1918. M v

d ear

ady

m pth ill

,—

I am asked by a great friend, Lady Hall, who is Treasurer of the fund for the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Memorial, to write to you in support of the suggestion for a bed to be endowed by V.A.Ds. I know that you have already been appealed to on this subject and that the Appeal Secretary has had a sympatnetic reply, but Lady Hall asks me to suggest that if every V.A.D. gave 6d. or is. the bed would be endowed at once. Perhaps you would consider doing this through the various detachments, and I only make this suggestion entirely for you own approval. Yours very sincerely, (Signed) M ar y N o r t h c lif fe , The Lady Ampthill, G.B.E., etc.

A Home Nursing Class for women is assembling at the Northern Polytechnic at 7.30 on Friday evenings. Application should Jbe made* to Mrs. Adcock, Northern Polytechnic, Holloway-road, N.

— F IR S T

182

A ID

TH E

ST.

JO H N

Members whose Names were Mentioned in Dispatches by Sir Douglas Haig. P u b lish e d

th e

G azette,

2 5 t h M a y , 1918 .

Auchinleck, Evelyn, Dublin 6, B.R.C.S. Barford, Dorothy Mary, Oxford 30, B.R.C.S. Batten, Winifred E. S., Somerset 74, B.R.C.S. Bishop, Molly, London 136, B.R.C.S. Boycott, Ethel A., London 128, B.R.C.S. Burton, Winifred. London 146, B.R.C.S. Caldwell, Annie M., Belfast 604, S.J.A.A. Carmichael, Florence K., Forfar 6, B.R.C.S. Chambers, Doris Elaine, London 198, B.R.C.S. Charlton, Marjorie, Worcester 70, S.J.B. Ching, Mary Eveline, Northumberland 70, S.J.B. Clague, Emily, Ramsey, Isle of Man, 550, S.J.A.A. Cole, Mary E., Oxfordshire 28, B.R.C.S. Colvin, Lva, London 148, S.J.A.A. Corsellis, May, Dublin 22, S.J.B. Cowdall, Constance Lovell, Leicester 26, S.J.B. Cowper, Florence, Durban 18, B.R.C.S. Darvall, Annie E. J., Bustave, Queensland 2, B.R.C.S. Deane, Susan, Sussex 156, B.R.C.S. Ewen, Marjory D’Arcy, Leicester 18, S.J.A.A. Farie, Alice, London 28, B.R.C.S. Forrestal, Catherine, Surrey 96, B.R.C.S. Galloway, Helena R., Warwickshire 44, B.R.C.S. Henman, Louisa Janet, Berks 50, B.R.C.S. Hoblyn, Joan Winifred, Hants 100, B.R.C.S. Hollongs, Hilda, Hants 10, B.R.C.S. Holmes, Bella R., Co. Dublin 38, S.J.B. Howship, Alice Emily, London 210, B.R.C.S. Hughes, Dulcie, Derby 10, B.R.C.S. Jackson, Cicely Mary, Hants 68, S.J.B. Johnson, Mabel G. C., London 96, S.J.B. Johnson, Gertrude Frances, Kent 132, B.R.C.S. Jones, Price Millette, Carmarthenshire 8, B.R.C.S. Kaas, Rubina Agnes, Isle of Man 918, S.J.A.A. Kenshole, Ida M., Glamorgan 100, B.R.C.S. Kerr, Muriel Shannon, London 252, B.R.C.S. Lyon, Muriel F. F. Bowes, London 48, B.R.C.S. Maconochie, E. Bridget, Edinburgh 2, B.R.C.S. MacDonald, Helen Whightman, Renfrew 12, B.R.C.S. MacFarlane, Mary Clark, Stirling 4, B.R.C.S. Matthews, Doris M. W., Sussex 92, B.R.C.S. Mallor, Juliet Vivien, London 268, B.R.C.S. Morony, Emily Helena, Co. Dublin 24, B.R.C.S. Norrie, Emily Helena, Aberdeen 40, B.R.C.S. Oram, Gladys, Margaret B. A., Cambridge 28, B.R.C.S. Pinkerton, Evelyn, Carmarvonshire 4, B.R.C.S. Rees, Margaret Oliver, Glamorgan 96, B.R.C.S. Rogers, Violet Grace Minnie, Devon 66, B.R.C.S. Sandys, Hilda Maud, Co. Wicklow 2, S.J.B. Smith, Marjorie Kathlene, Bristol Nursing Division, S.J.B. Stuart, Myrtle Irene, Kent 100, S.J.B. Taylor Antoinette Wilhelmina, London 268, B.R.C.S. Thomas, Dorothy Una G., London 128, B.R.C.S. Thrippleton, I. Violet, W.R. Yorks 42, S.J.A.A. Twnnard, Florinda, Haddington 6, B.R.C.S. Walker, Mabel Louise, Surrey 124, B.R.C.S. Waller, Vera, London 46, B.R.C.S. Watt, Amelia Allan, London 144, S.J.A.A. Wheeler, Kathleen Georgina, Middlesex 10, S.J.A.A. White, Dorothy Margaret, London 154, B.R.C.S. Wood, Alathea, Yorks 4, B.R.C.S. Woolnough, Clara, Suffolk 84, S.J.B. Wright, Nora R., Staffs 40, B.R.C.S. C r o s s , 2nd C l a s s , 3rd J u n e , 1819. Bartholomew, Elizabeth C., Berks 4, B.R.C.S. Gale, Margaret, London 6a, B.R.C S. Jameson, Margaret Edith Cyra, Berks 4, B.R.C.S. Robinson, Christobel, London *32, S.J.B. A

w a r d ed

t h e

e r v ic e s

o yal in

a l y

for

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

Women

June, 1918.

V.A.D. Notes.

T h e V.A.D. Department are urgently in need of voluntary nursing members for Auxiliary Hospitals, They are, how ever, anxious to impress upon nurses in civil hospitals that they do not wish to disturb their present work, which is of great national importance. They can very probably render a service to the V.A.D. Department in a different direction. Girls wishing to take up nursing frequently apply in the first case to a friend engaged in the nursing profession. It is hoped that nurses will in such instances suggest that girls who are too young for general training or who can afford to work for their expenses only, should offer their services to the V.A.D. Department. It might be pointed out that although no salary is given or uniform allowance made, the fact that free board and lodging are provided makes the offer quite equal to a small wage, when one considers the present high cost of living. All would-be nurses above the age of 19 should be in vited to communicate with the V.A.D. Department (8), Devonshire House, Piccadilly, London, W.i.

Red Cross Help in France. i e u t . - G e n e r a l S i r A. T. S l o g g e t t , who, on giving up the post of Director-General of Medical Services in France, is also relinquishing that of Chief Commissioner of the Red Cross, has addressed from headquarters to the Hon. Sir Arthur Stanley, Chairman of the Joint War Committee of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St. John, a letter of thanks for the help of the joint societies in France. He says :— “ The great success of the service which I have had the honour to command out here during the last three years and nine months I attribute in no small measure to the un failing and very generous assistance I have received from your Committee. It would have been impossible to have kept up the extremely high standard of comfort in our military hospitals if the Army stores had not been very largely supplemented by the gifts from the British Red Cross So cie ty; their provision of several perfectly staffed and equipped hospitals, their supply of motor ambulance convoys, and last, but not least, the splendid Store Depart ment, have all contributed enormously to the efficiency and smooth working of the Medical Service. “ As regards the officers, nuring sisters, and other ranks employed by the Joint Committee, whether in their hospitals, motor ambulance convoys, stores or offices, the work they have done and the devotion to duty they have shown has been beyond praise, and their desire to be of use in every possible way has earned the affection and re spect of every one with whom they have come in contact, and the heroism shown by the drivers of the motor ambu lance convoys— male and female— has been the admiration of every one in France. “ Throughout the long period I have been here the very cordial and harmonious working between the Joint War Committee in France and the Royal Army Medical Corps has been a source of great satisfaction to me, and this is due largely to the very happy relations that have existed throughout between myself and the three successive Commissioners— namely, Sir Courtauld Thomson, Lord Donoughmore, and Sir Arthur Lawley, to whom I shall ever feel grateful. I can honestly say that since the early days of the war there has not been the slightest friction,

June, 1918,

— FIR ST

A ID

TH E

ST.

and these gentlemen have always most loyally and sympa thetically'co-operated with me in our mutual endeavour to better the condition of our sick and wounded. “ T o Major Wynch, the secretary, and to Majors Paget and Guise, heads of the Transport and Store Departments, I tender also my most grateful thanks for all they have done for the good of the cause. “ T o yourself personally I cannot sufficiently express how much I appreciate the ever-ready and generous re sponse you have always given to my many demands. My work with you and the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and British Red Cross Society will always be a very happy memory to me. I feel sure that the help that has always been given to me will continue to be extended to my successor.”

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order, St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell, London, E .C ., June 3rd, ig i8 . The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :—

A s K nights of Grace : Col. Sir Herbert Lloyd Watkin Willins Wynn, Bt. The Rt. Hon. Sir Ellis Jones Ellis Griffith, Bt., P.C., K.C., M.P. Col. Sir John Godfrey Rogers, K.C.M.G., D.S.O., A.M.S. Frank Tobin (from Honorary Serving Brother). Major-General Alban Randell Crofton Atkins, C.B., C.M.G. Arthur Vernon Davies, M.B., M.B.E.

A s Ladies o f Grace : Julia, Mrs. McMordie. Caroline Sydney, Lady Arnott, D.B.E. Violet Edith, Mrs. Brassey.

A s E squ ire : William Stanley Woodcock (from Honorary Serving Brother).

A s Honorary Serving Brothers : Captain George Sampson Elliston, B.A., R.A.M.C.(T:). Charles Conroy.

A s Honorary Serving Sisters : Evelyn Graham, Mrs. John Abercrombie. Gertrude Lucy, Mrs. C. S. de Segundo. Frances Ada, Miss Sheldon. Mary Isabella, Miss Burdett. Frances, Mrs. Brennan. May Isabel, Mrs. MacFadden.

L o r E nrolm ent as Honorary Associates : Edward Thomas Scowby, M.B. William Hutton, L.R.C.P. and S.Ed. James Thomson Scott, M.D., C.M. Surgeon-Colonel Arthur Henry Robinson, M.D., M.R.C.S., D.P.H. Constance Elizabeth, Miss Todd, R.R.C. Lieut.-Col. James Clendinning Browne. Col. Colquhoun Scott-Dodgson, C.B., C.M.G. Frank Alexander de Rougemont. Col. Charles Walker Cathcart, F.R.C.S., A.M.S. Major (temporary Lieut-Col.) Guy Belfield Kensington, R.E. Edward Robert Morris.

JO H N

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

Notes

and

News.

T he Minister of National Service has officially in formed the Secretary-General of the Order of St. John that he will make it clear in any future instructions issued re garding the “ protection” of Red Cross workers that they specifically include workers under the Joint War Committee of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St. John. ** * A club for V.A.D, members was opened at Devonshire House on May 23rd. The club is entirely free, and any V .A .D . member wearing correct uniform may use it on signing a book and producing her J .V .A .D .24. It is hoped that all members working in hospitals will use the club, where daily and weekly papers are provided and where they may write letters. There are Patience cards and indoor games, but members must not play for Money. A library is also being formed in connection with the club. There are three Tennis Courts, which may be used at a charge of 3d. each player per hour. Members may have luncheon in the canteen between 1 and 1.45 p.m, and tea between 4.15 and 5 p.m. at reason able cost. *** Miss Audrey Forse, of Surrey 96, has been awarded the Military Medal for courage and devotion to duty dis played when, during a hostile Air Raid, a bomb fell on the hospital marquee, of which she was in charge, and although great damage was done and many patients injured, she showed admirable coolness in the performance of her duties throughout, and carried on as if nothing had hap pened, Her matron says “ She was splendid.” *** The Joint War Committee have issued an interesting pamphlet on the War Library by H. M. Gaskell, which explains the organisation for the collection and distribution of literature to the sick and wounded. By a recent decision of the Army Council the sick and wounded only receive 10 per cent, of the supply of litera ture sent through the Post Office. This hardly provides a fifth of what is now being distributed by the Red Cross War Library, and hardly a tenth of what is asked for. County Directors and others are asked to co-operate in the scheme for the collection of literature for the wounded. Communications should be addressed to the War Library, Surrey House, Marble Arch, London, W.

* * * Enquiries from persons desirous of obtaining certifi cates are often addressed to Headquarters as to classes of instruction. It would be of great assistance to the Chief Secretary if any of those who contemplate the formation of classes in First Aid, Home Nursing, Home Hygiene or Sanitation, especially in London and the surrounding disstricts, would advise him of their intention as early as pos sible. This would enable him to forward information to enquirers in time for them to apply to the Class Secretary for admission to the course of instruction. * * * We regret to state that owing to the recent German Air Raids on Red Cross Hospitals in France, several casualties have occurred among Brigade members. We hope to publish a full report in our next issue.

184

— F I R S T CONTENTS

T H IS

AID. -

June, 1918.

with the hoofs was asking for trouble ; while the cow kicked

NUMBER.

sideways to protect its udder, and the safe place was behind. E

—

d it o r ia l

Transmission of glanders from the horse was an appreciable

A Protest and an Appeal to Germany D

ist r ic t

epo r ts

...

177

—

risk, he pointed out, and the symptoms of the disease should be known to all farm-workers.

No. 1 ; No. 2 ; No. 3 ; No. 4

...

178

No. 9; No. 12 ...

...

179

...

179

...

St. John Ambulance Association

...

* * * T

St . Jo

h n ’s

m bu la n ce

a ze tt e

—

General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to County Directors ... ... ... ...

180

cleaning purposes ; the yokel was apt to keep arsenic in the same kind of bottle as he kept his beer, and the corro

The Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England and the Johanniter Orden ... ... ... 180

sive acids and alkalies used for cleaning needed

A V.A.D. Bed ...

known and recognised.

...

181

Members whose Names were Mentioned in Dis patches by Sir Douglas Haig ... ...

182

Women V.A.D. Notes

...

Red Cross Work in France

...

accident occurred,

...

182

...

182

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ...

183

Notes and News Brevities

...

the harvest-field there was danger from drinking

impure water and from the internal cramp induced

...

184

drinking

accidents of the farm were tears and bruises, the severance

...

185

...

186

d it o r

183

...

to know the pro

...

th e

it was necessary

per antidote to use, as the doctor’s house might be miles away. * * *

...

Leicester V.A.D. Competitions ett er s

If in spite of such knowledge

...

Alteration in Revised Textbook L

cupboard of the country stable contained a num

h e

ber of poisonous substances used for cattle medicine and

—

copiously

icy

water.

Among

the

serious

of limbs from careless use of machinery, poisoning from fungi and toxic plants and berries.

There were also

An Appreciation

...

... 187

dislocations through

When the Raiders Come

...

... 187

tivitis due to floating pollen, stings of bees and wasps,

...

r a c t ic a l

o in ts

accidental

—

Resourcefnl First Aid

Maladministration of Sal Volatile Dangers of First Aid Getting Better Q

u e r ie s

an d

...

... A

...

n sw ers

188

...

... 188

...

... 188

...

... 189

...

Bandages for a Fractured Femur

189

went of

avin g

enumerated the risks,

impress

...

... 189

...

... 190

deal

...

... 190

Neutralisation of Burns...

...

... 190

men

Rules of Disinfection

...

... 190

Uses of Trinol...

...

... 190

quet.

the

a n tlie

from

touching

that at

some

on future

first

aid

time

cattle,

Sir John

Cantlie

the

essentials

illustrating

his points

with

severed

cut

artery

cross

Bleeding with paper

being the ashes

place

with

braces

made

if need

and

rope made

the

caused

two

strips

as a tourni wound

burnt

was

hay or

was handy, paper

two a

leg

teaching that

be,

freshly

whichever

lint;

the his

staunched,

bracken,

straw

reiterated

available,

poles

good

laced

stretcher.

urgency a hurdle could be used.

lance Work and First Aid for the Agricultural Worker,” at the College of Ambulance on May 10th.

which

assistants dressed as farm labourers.

wear

the

Sir James

hearers

and improvisation,

each

took

gave his first lecture, “ Ambu

his

should

gether C

webbing,

straw,

am es

things

aid of

scythe

dressed

simplicity

...

other

Corrosive Acid Poisoning

many

conjunc

* *

with

Brevities.

horseback,

ambulance.

Hasmorrhage from Stomach A First Aid Library

and

from

the need of increasedattention to farm

188

Inventor of Triangular Bandage... ...

shooting,

fully justified

—

o r r e spo n d e n ts

falling

***

Fie refrained as

hoped

McFadyean, prin

cipal of the Royal Veterinary College, would deal with the

the

p ea k in g

Chertsey

Edward Hutton, sphere

subject. * * * So long as horses were still employed on the farm

at a meeting recently in connection

with

Red Cross Week. Lieutenant-General Sir

too well

K.C.B.,

said

tointerfere with

women understood their the men when

they

returned from service with the Colours,

and the men

would find their jobs available for them.

Women would

in fact fall back naturally to their homes, and to those

bites and kicks would occur, although, he said, even the

other female and womanly duties in the social world all

townsman soon grasped the,elementary fact that the horse

the better for having shown what they could do in a great

always kicked behind, and that a man’s head in direct line

time of national emergency.

—FIRST

June, 1918.

Alterations

Revised

Textbook.

B y N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B.. B.A., B.C., Cantab., M.R.C.S., Eng. Hon. Associate Order o f St. J o h n ; Hon. Surgeon St. Jo h n Ambulance Brigade. S e v e r a l correspondents have written with reference to the alterations in the Revised (1917) Textbook of the St. John Ambulance Association, and have suggested that a tabu lated list of the changes would serve a most useful purpose. Under the circumstances, I take pleasure in complying with their requests and suggestions. C

h a pter

u t lin e

o f

ir st

Page 1 7 sets out a more complete definition of First Aid with regard to diagnosis and treatment under the head ing “ What First Aid is.” Pages 18-22 contain new matter, not essential to be ginners, though most helpful to advanced students. This section deals with the P atien t or Patients (differences in sex, position and numbers); with the Signs, Symptoms and History (their meanings, inter-dependence and co-relations); with the Cause or Causes (their effects and significance); with the Surroundings (their importance in relation to danger, diagnosis, help, appliances, shelter and transport). Pages 22 26 ,— The old Principles remain practically the same, although (1) they are now sub-divided into Qualifications (observant, tactful, resourceful, explicit and discriminating) and P rin cip les ; and (2) emphasis is laid on the fact that a doctor is the only judge of the signs of death. Removal of boot is now effected by undoing the laces and not by slitting up back seam. C

h a pter

Pages

II.

k e le t o n

r a c t u r es

, &

.),

28-39 .— The descriptions of skeleton, joints,

etc., are almost identical, except that (1) there is some transference of explanatory words and sentences, and (2) there is a more complete explanation of the internal mechanism of joints. Pages 41-43 — Emphasis is laid on the dangers of handling comminuted fractures and on the use of splints and bandages for fractures. In the description of the triangular bandage the name of “ Esmarch ” is rightly re moved. Pages 47-49. — In the General Rules of Treatment of Fractures, various changes have been made. Thus (1) Rule No. 2 (Haemorrhage) is the late No. 5 ; (2) Rule No. 4 (Shock) replaces the old No. 7 ; (3) Rule No. 5 (Trac tion) is the previous No. 3, to which are added these em phatic words “ with great care and without using force” ; (4) Rule No. 6 (a) introduces a third qualification for a splint— i.e., width— in addition to firmness and length ; (5) Rule No. 7 (late No. 6) no longer names the stretcher as the “ preferable” method of transport for fractures of spine, etc., etc. Page 7 1 .— T o the direct causes of Fractured Spine is added “ the fall of a heavy weight upon the back.” Page 5 5 .— In treatment of Fractured Collarbone, two special instructions have been added. Thus, (1) Rule No. 3 (b) includes a warning to steady the limb while applying the St. John Sling, which is illustrated by a new full-length diagram (Fig. 20); (2) Rule No. 4 insists on the necessity of testing the pulse after applying the broad bandage to body. The treatment of Fractures of both Collarbones is deleted.

AID. —

185

Page 3 8 .— In treatment of Fractured Humerus the warning (Rule No. 2) against pressure on blood vessels now includes armpit as well as elbow joint. Unfortunately, the difference between the slings for this fracture and for the shoulder bandage (p. 161) is reproduced in this edition. Page 3 9 .— The treatment of Fracture involving Elbow Joint has been altered in several particulars. Thus ( i ) a new method (Fig. 25) of tying the right angled splint is in troduced, and differs from the old illustration in the absence of diagonal turns of the bandage ; (2) the splint is to be applied to the side of the limb “ that shows the least injury ” ; (3) an extra bandage is applied round the hand, to control the splint; and (4) a fourth bandage is added and to be used “ as figure-of-eight round arm and forearm.” Page 6 3 .— In treatment of Fractured Femur certain alterations are noted. Thus, the inner splint now extends to “ just above the k n e e ” instead of “ to the knee.” Further, “ when single-handed or when patient is a woman,” then— (1) eight (instead of seven) bandages are advised; (?.) the bandages are marked in diagram (Fig. 20) by num bers instead of letters ; and (3) instructions are now given as to the sequence of their application— i.e., “ in order shown by numbers.” Page 64 — In treatment of Fractured Kneecap several changes are noted. Thus, (1) Rule No. 2 requires that the back splint should only extend “ to the heel ” instead of, as previously, “ to beyond the heel”; (2) Rule No. 3 gives more complete instructions for placing bandages round the kneecap ; (3) Rule No. 5 now substitutes two bricks for the previous dangerous device of “ resting the injured leg on its fellow” ; (4) Rule No. 6 adds the reason for application of cold, viz., “ to lessen effusion of blood ” ; (5) the illustra tion (Fig. 31) is altered, the bricks being shown in correct position, and the second bandage being indicated by dotted lines. Page 6 7 .— In the treatment of Fractured Leg “ when single-handed or when patient is a woman”— similar changes have been made as for Fracture of Femur, six bandages being now required instead of five. In the treat ment of Crushed Foot precise instructions are now given for application of figure-of-eight bandage, and emphasised by numerals shown in the new illustration (Fig. 54). Page 68 .— In Signs of Dislocation, swelling is de scribed “ about the joint ” in place of “ about and below the joint.” C

h a pt er

III.

ir c u l a t io n

t h e

lo o d

P'ai e 75 -— T o the description of the Heart are added the words “ a muscular organ which acts like a pump.” Page 79 . — The old section on “ Haemorrhage ” now refers to “ Wounds and Haemorrhage.” Further, (1) the General Rules for Treatment of Wound with Arterial Bleeding now number 13 (instead of 9, as in previous edition); (2) the instructions for controlling haemorrhage by pressure, tourniquet, etc , which used to precede the General Rules, are now included in sub-sections therein ; (3) Rule No. 2 issues a warning against elevating a bleed ing part “ in the case of a fractured lim b ” ; (4) Rule No. 4 teaches that the pulp of thumb (or fingers) must be used when exerting digital pressure; (5) Rule No. 5 is new, deals with “ indirect pressure,” and serves to introduce the use, indications, etc., of a tourniquet, including the special St. John Tourniquet, which is fully described in context and by illustration (Fig 3 7 ); (6) the latter displaces the de scriptions not only of a tourniquet but also of elastic band

i 86

F I R S T

ages, the use of which is now extended to “ cut ” as well as “ torn o f f ” limbs; (7) Rules Nos. 6 and 8 are also new, the former dealing with the danger of septic infection of “ clean” wounds and with methods of avoiding such con tamination, the latter with instructions for treatment of “ dirty ” wounds with Tincture of Iodine, sterile water, etc. ; (8) Rules Nos. 10, 11 and 12 are concerned with the appli cation of pad over the dressing and of bandage over the pad— the indications and contra-indications thereof, where in the need for early removal of indirect pressure is empha sised and thirty minutes is definitely stated to be the maxi mum period for which such pressure (e.g., tourniquet) may be continuously exerted; (9) the importance of a blood clot— “ to keep blood in and germs o u t ”— is emphasised in a special Rule (No. 14) and is followed by warnings (a) against the use of sticking plaster and ointment, and (b) against the risk of severe, delayed (reactionary) haemorrhage in cases of lacerated wounds and of accidental amputation of a limb.

Page 8 7. — Compression of Carotid Artery is more easily understood by reason of a new and improved illus tration (Fig. 37).

A I D . —

June

(3) all the oily applications (and the potato) are finally re moved ; (4) strips of dressing are again recommended, though, unfortunately, without any suggestions as to size— the original “ breadth of palm ” being omitted; (5) for burns by Corrosive Acids, magnesia and slaked lime are not now advised. Page 1 1 3 .— In treatment of Stings the subsequent application of oil or vaseline is now suggested. Pages 1 1 4 - 1 1 5 .— An article on Trench Foot from The Practitioner is presented in abridged form with the curious final observation— “ These patients should always be under medical observation ”— which palpably places the subject beyond the scope of First Aid. Page 1 1 6 .— The treatment of Fishhook Injury is not now complete until a boracic fomentation (incorrectly de scribed as “ soaked in hot water ”) is applied. Page 1 1 7 .— For Foreign Body in Eye, the embedding of any substance (not necessarily a piece of steel) definitely contra-indicates attempts at removal. With Foreign Body in Nose it is now advised to “ take patient to doctor” if treatment fails.

( To be continued.)

Page 89. — Compression of

Facial Artery may (in addition to the previous methods) be also obtained by utilising the bandage for fractured jaw, the knot being tied over the pressure point. Compression of the Occipital Artery is now stated to be difficult, and the precise loca tion of its pressure point is (unfortunately) not insisted upon. Page 96. — For digital compression of Femoral Artery the operator is now advised “ to face the feet ” of the patient. Page 100. — With Varicose Veins, the result of the valves failing to span the vessels is now set out clearly— “ thus allowing the backward flow of blood.” For General Rules of Treatment of Wounds with Venous Haemorr hage— the Rules for Arterial Bleeding must now be applied, subject to three specified modifications. Page 1 0 1 . — In treatment of Wound with Capillary Haemorrhage a paragraph is added, showing the necessity for protecting wounds with slight bleeding, and labelled “ General Rules.” Pa?e 10 2 .— Bites of Snakes, Rabid Animals, etc., are now included under “ Wounds and Haemorrhage.” For these wounds (1) caustic potash is no longer recommended ; (2) the criticism of solid caustic is unfortunately omitted ; and (3) for bites by venomous snake the previous instruc tions to inject permanganate of potash are superseded by the advice to “ scratch the skin round wound and rub in powdered permanganate of potash.” Page 10 3 . — T o the Signs of Internal Haemorrhage are now added “ cold, clammy skin ” and “ air-hunger.” For the treatment the position of patient is further modified “ with head low and turned on one side.” Page 10 3 .— For treatment of Haemorrhage from Mouth, etc., the instruction to compress carotid arteries is withdrawn. Page 10 6 . — Bruises are now described under “ Wounds and Haemorrhage.” In place of witchhazel the application of lint soaked in spirit and water is ad vised. C

h a pt er

IV .

isc e l l a n e o u s

n ju r ies

Page h i .— In treatment of Burns several alterations are noted. Thus, (1) Rule No. 3 reads “ immediately ex clude air” in place of the old instruction “ immediately cover up part ” ; (2) cotton wool is advised as first choice of dressing, with boracic ointment as the only alternative;

Leicestershire V.A.D. Competitions. T h e new silver challenge shield recently given by Mr. A. W. Faire (County Director), for competition among the Men’s Voluntary Aid Detachments of the town and county, promises to arouse keen rivalry. The trophy is to be com peted for annually, and in addition Mr. Faire has promised to give a badge to the members of the winning squad. The first competition was held at Leicester on May 20th and attracted a good deal of interest. The judges were:— Col. A. V. Clarke, Col. L. K. Harrison, Lieut.-Col. R. Pratt, Major Blakesley, Major Gordon Kelly, Major Williams, Capt. C. M. Serjeantson, O.B.E., Capt. Barnes, Dr. H. Skipworth. The shield was presented to the team gaining the highest aggregate number of marks, this was Leicester V.A.D. 15, teams 10 and 11, the other results were as under :—

Squad Drill.— 1 and 2, 8th and 9th Loughborough V.A.D. 13. Stretcher Drill.— 1, 8th Loughborough V.A.D . 1 3 ; 2, n t h Leicester V.A.D. T5. Collect Wounded.— 1, Leicester V.A.D. 3; 2, Leicester V.A.D. 15. Improvisation.— 1, Leicester V.A.D. 1 5 ; 2, Leicester V.A.D. 3. Air Raid.— 1, Melton V.A.D. 1 1 ; 2, Loughborough V.A.D. 13. Lady Kathleen Curzon-Herrick distributed the awards. Moving a vote of thanks to her, the County Director men tioned that her ladyship had recently undertaken the sec retarial duties of the British Red Cross Society for the county. Colonel A. V. Clarke, who seconded, said Leicestershire had a proud record in connection with the V.A.D. In supporting, Colonel Harrison gave some in teresting details of the Transport work locally. The pro position was adopted with enthusiasm. Briefly responding, Lady Kathleen Curzon-Herrick returned thanks for what she described as a most enjoyable and instructive after noon. The band of the Leicestershire Regiment contributed delightful selections.

—FIRST

June, 1918.

£ etters

the

S d ito r .

tVe are in no w a y responsible fo r the opinions expressed., or the sta tem en ts m ade, by C orrespondents. — E d i t o r , E t c .

APPRECIATION.

SIR,— As a subscriber of many years to your invaluable journal F i r s t A i d , I should like to say how greatly I value the practical articles in the same. Only to-day I received a letter which bears eloquent testimony to its usefulness. The writer, a naval officer (one of our own members), says :— “ When we are in the base, the C.O. has asked me to take charge of the sanitation and the sick. Flies are the great curse out here, and the C.O. has asked me to give lectures on sanitation to the men to enforce cleanliness. In a F I R S T A i d , May 1 9 1 6 , there appeared a paper on ‘ Flies,’ by Dr. Henton White, which is the very thing I want. Can you send it to me ?” Fortuantely, I had that one by me and was able to send it as desired. I make a practice of circulating my copies among the members and they are greatly appreciated. Yours truly, W. T. K n i g h t , Divisional Supt. Olney Division.

When A B

t e

d e

the in ts

Raiders th e

Come

m bu lan ce

a n

L. JO N ES , No. 7 (Toynbee Division, S.J.A.B.

Hall)

Now that air raids, like the poor, seem always with us, the first aid man finds that he has to accommodate himself to entirely different circumstances to those generally prevail ing in peace time. Accidents occurring in peace time are more easily dealt with as a rule owing to the fact that then one factor, to wit, the King’s enemies, has not to be taken into account. During air invasions that factor has to be reckoned with, and first aid and rescue work have often to be con ducted in partial darkness owing to the danger of exhibit ing any illumination to the enemy. This brings before us the fact that one of the best friends an ambulance man can have is an electric torch, which, while not showing too much light, can be directed on the ground to enable the injuries on a wounded person to be easily seen, and will also be extremely useful in unfamiliar ground, enabling him to pick his way in safety among debris, through strange gardens, houses, etc. Other necessary parts of his equipment are first aid dressings, consisting of dressings stitched to roller band ages, and the whole wrapped in sealed paper, so that the dressing can be applied instantaneously to a wound without much handling with hands, probably dirty from contact with debris. These dressings are far superior to those con sisting of separate pieces of lint, etc., kept in place by roller bandages applied after these operations necessitating much more handling. In this connection the writer can recom mend the “ Asepto ” bandage as having been very useful in air raids. The ambulance man would be well advised to wear a stout pair of either canvas or old lined kid gloves, so that after handling any dirty lumber, etc., he can re move the gloves if required to dress a wound. Should splints be required and none available at the moment there need be no difficulty, and there is no need

AID. —

187

to wait for the orthodox ones to be fetched, as on the scene of a bomb explosion any amount of loose wood can usually be picked up. It is advisable for the first-aid man to familiarise him self with the various ways of safely knotting ropes, as in case of rescues being effected from the upper floors when staircases are destroyed, it might be necessary to lower rescued persons to the ground by means of ropes, or to tie patients on to stretchers before bringing them down. In one case that came under the writer’s notice during an air raid, a top floor had been demolished and the stairways were blocked and impassable. An elderly woman who was lying injured on a bed, had to be brought to the ground, and the rescue was effected in the following manner:— The fire-escape ladder was run into the room on the first floor, where the woman was lying. She was then lifted on to a stretcher and tied to it securely by a line placed round her chest and legs. One fireman stood on the steps of the escape and a companion stood behind him holding the escape with one hand and his comrade’s belt with the other hand. The first man having both hands free, took hold of the poles of the stretcher at the foot, and with the assistance of ambulance men on the building, placed the stretcher on the escape. H e then proceeded to slowly pull the stretcher, which slid down the ladder, an ambu lance man meanwhile holding the top poles pressed down so that the stretcher should not slip off sideways. After the stretcher had slid down a few rungs the man at the lower end of the stretcher was ordered to stop by a man watching at the top. The ambulance man at the top end of the stretcher, who was leaning forward, was then enabled to bring his feet down a few rungs, to the poles of the stretcher, when the process was repeated till the ground was reached. This method can generally be carried out down an escape or ladder provided it is not at a steep angle. Should the angle be steeper than is altogether safe it would be necessary to have steadying lines fixed to the upper poles or to the traverse bar of the stretcher. The air raid man should always be provided with a full water-bottle, as persons rescued from demolished buildings are often half choked with dust and crave water. The writer will not soon forget the eagerness with which his water bottle was grasped by a man rescued after being buried for an hour under piles of bricks and mortar. Another point to remember is that many persons rescued from damaged houses are in night attire, and atten tion should be given at once to securing blankets or other covering for them, as they are usually suffering from shock, and warmth is imperative. While injuries are being treated a bystander should be at once set to collecting such covering. Should you have to treat burns often caused by fires from bombs of an incendiary nature, it is advisable not to apply oils but only dry cotton wool or lint, cut into small pieces instead of being put on in one big piece. An ambu lance man found this policy endorsed by the doctor at the hospital, who was able to uncover and treat the burns piecemeal without exposing the whole of the burnt surfaces at the same time. Smelling salts and sal-volatile should invariably be carried, as their prompt use will often prevent collapse and a long fainting case, which would take a lot of time and attention that might be required for more serious cases. The fall of a bomb often causes damages to houses some distance away by concussion, blowing in windows bringing down ceilings, etc., and though the damage may appear trivial from the outside, all such houses should be

i88

— FIRST

searched, as experience has 'shown that many people are injured by ceilings coming down ; in one case the writer treated, a small boy in bed who was injured on the face by a lump of plaster. It has also been found that injured per sons turn up hours after a raid, probably feeling dazed they sat down in a room or garden, and feeling better later they come out to seek assistance for their injuries. Thus, then, when to all appearances all the injured in a locality have been collected, it is necessary for the first aid man to keep his eyes open for cases that may require treatment. Lastly, in all cases except the very slightest, see that the patient is seen by a doctor or taken to a hospital for further examination, as closer inspection may reveal injuries not easily discernible when dealing with cases under the conditions prevailing in an air raid.

J r a c tic a l J o in ts . The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and bad tioints in Treatment—for inclusion in this Column. R

eso u r cefu l

ir st

Following the explosion of a bomb dropped on a house during a recent Air Raid, three patients— a ll suffering from fractures o f both legs — were found lying under cover of a totter ing wall. The Fire Brigade Officer gave warning that the wall would fall within 2 minutes. Under the direction of a First-Aider, who emphasised the need for speedy action and the danger of handling broken legs, three firemen dashed forward, each selecting a patient. They gently raised their patients a short distance from the ground by locking their hands through the arm-pits and then dragged them directly backwards— with the lower limbs trailing over the ground— to a position of safety. Immediately afterwards the wall fell, and the fractures were quickly and efficiently splinted on the spot and before further removal. N.B.— The removal of a patient suffering from a fracture should not, as a general rule, be attempted until the fracture has been controlled by splints, &c. In this case, however, the choice lay between death from asphyxia and other injuries as a sequel to the fall of a wall and the danger of converting sim ple fractures into compound or complicated. The First Aider and his assistants, therefore, must be congratulated on their display of discrimination and resourcefulness.— A. J. M., Kentish Town. M

a l a d m in istr a t io n

o la tile

During an Air Raid a member of a Red Cross Detachment, who was on duty in a Tube Station, was called upon to deal with a fainting patient who had fallen on the platform. With out bothering to loosen the patiends clothes, the bearer quickly mixed a dose of Sol Volatile, filled his mouth with the fluid, and — to the utter amazement of the onlookers— expectorated the mixture into the face of the patient who immediately recovered, sat up and swore lustily ! !— E. C., Tufnell Park.

a n g er s

ir s t

A First-Aider, who was known to suffer from a weak heart on one occasion went on Public Duty and was called upon to treat a half-drunken man who had attempted suicide by throw ing himself into the sea from which he was removed nearly drowned. Forgetting his own weakness, the First-Aider at once went to the man’s help and by arduous work at artificial respiration brought him back to consciousness. Later he assisted to carry the patient (who was struggling violently) to shelter. While thus engaged, the First-Aider fell back and

AID. —

June, 1918.

instantly expired from heart failure, the result of the excep tional exertion undergone in his humane efforts on behalf of his patient. Truly, First Aid carries with it dangers to its exponents no less than to its patients, and this man was well worthy of the Victoria Cross.— F. A., Canonbury.

Getting Better. P r i v a t e B r o w n was getting better. Generally when one is making recovery from a dangerous illness one does so with feelings far remote from regretful. Yet Brown had regrets. He reviewed the past three months of his life. The last visit to the trenches was the beginning of a series of scenes in his mental cinematograph. The time in the trenches did not seem so dreary, looking back ; the fatigues, dangers and miseries were toned down, while the memory of his comrades was more vivid. The big stunt and getting hit was a blurred picture. The journey down the line was very indistinct— portions of it missing altogether. Then clear and distinct comes the picture of the ward in the casualty clearing station. A few days of waking and sleeping, and then a time of study. Brown had never known womenfolk very well ; now he was absolutely in their hands. At first it was with some feelings of mistrust that he studied them, but soon that gave way and the very opposite took its place. The sisters and nurses were friends, nay, more, they were also like mothers and sisters for the time. For many weeks he had been in the constant care of these womenfolk, and now the time was approaching when he was to draw away from them and fend for himself. One speaks sneeringly of petticoat government, but it must be put on record that Brown will leave it with regret. A. R., in the Stebonheath Journal.

We have received a copy of the 3rd issue of the Stebonheath Journal, which is the organ of the auxiliary hospital which bears that name. It is a credit to its editor, and is well produced, containing a number of bright articles.

A First Aid Class for men and women is assembling at the Eustace Miles Restaurant, 40 Chandos-street, Strand, at 7.30 p.m. on May 16th, and a further course at 7.30 p.m. on June 4th. Application for membership should be made to Miss E. Fraser Baddeley, 87, Cadogan-gardens, S.W. T h e fee for admission is 4s. This course will be followed by one on Home Nursing.

M a r k e t H a r b r o u g h . — It is with regret that we have to record the death of Pte. Percy Carter, R .A .M .C., who was killed in France, together with two other men while carrying down a wounded man. They were hit by a shell, three of them being killed and the other wounded. Pte. Carter was a member of the Market Harbrough Division of the Brigade and had been out in France for nearly three years.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers p lease m ention “ F irst Aid ”

— F I R S T

June, 19 18.

Q u eries

and

J ln s w e r s

C o rresp o n d en ts.

AID. —

A S K

Y 0 U

Queries w i l l be dealt w ith u n d er the fo llo w in g rules :—

1,— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 4b, Cannon-strcct, London, E.C. 2.—A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. ?. — The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns,

is the Revised [19/7) Edition of S.J.A.A. Manual of First-Aid.

ven to r

r ia n g u la r

an d a g e

189

R C H

E M I

S T F 0 R

SEPTIC WOUNDS Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid healing. For inflamed conditions I o d e x is ideal. Try it. All good chemists stock it.

F. A. (Canonbury) : In your A id s to F irst A id (3rd Ed. p. 14) you say “ the triangular bandage was invented by Mayor of Lausanne and popularised by Esmarch of Kiel.” As most of us probably associate this bandage with the name of Esmarch, and as the point is of historical interest, will you favour us with your authority for the statement ? With pleasure. My authorities are two books which were given to me by a reader of these columns. The first in an ori ginal copy of the S.J.A.A. Manual, which was written by Dr. Peter Shepherd and published in 1878. In it the bandage is called “ triangular” and the name of Esmarch (who began his lectures on First Aid in 1882) was not coupled with it until the edition of the manual, which was revised by Dr. Robert Bruce in 1893. In the 1917 edition the name of Esmarch has been omitted. My second authority is a book called Popular Surgery (published in 1836 by Dr. Thomas Cutler)— “ being translated from the French of a pamphlet published by Dr. Mayor (of Lausanne) in the year 1831, under the title of Fragments o f Popular Surgery I' In his description of the treatment of fractures, Mayor praises the utility of handker chiefs, which “ can be cut diagonally into triangular bandages” or, as he calls them elsewhere, “ three cornered bandages.” In an appendix he describes various ways in which the bandage may be used. Thus, for an eye bandage, he begins— “ Take a soft handkerchief (say cambric) and fold it diagonally so as to form a triangle.” The invention of the triangular bandage, therefore, lies to the credit of a Swiss and not a German sur geon.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .

H E.

e m o r r h a g e

from

o m ach

(Cardiff") For hcemorrhage from Stomach, the Text book ( p. 106) says, “(Treat as for internal haemorrhage, except that nothing is to be given by mouth.” Why may we not give cold water to sip or ice to suck ? Would not such treatment assist clotting of blood and check the flow of blood from the torn vessels?

REGULARLY F leet Surgeons, R .A .M .C . Surgeons, Red C ross Surgeons, Croix R ouge F rancaise,

M E N L E Y

USED

BY:

B e l g ia n Field H ospitals, F r e n c h F i e ld Hospitals, N um erous M ilitary H ospitals, M e m b e r s of S t . John A m bulan ce.

J A M E S ,

U n if o r m s

a n d

E q u i p m e n t

Yes— probably it would in some cases ; but in others it might stimulate the stomach vessels, cause more profuse bleed ing, and bring about effects contrary to the Principles of First Aid. Further, haemorrhage from the stomach suggests ulcera tion and with it possible perforation of the stomach wall— the diagnosis of which is beyond the most experienced First Aider; and the dangers of which are most urgent and will be aggra vated by liquids and solids passed into the stomach. For these reasons, in First Aid we play for safety, take no risks and give nothing by mouth.— N. C. F.

F irst-A id

L ib ra ry .

F. A. (Canonbury) :— Will you be good enough to suggest

L td .,

39, Farrlngdon Road, LONDON, E.C.1. Contractors to H.M. Government.

16,

N IL E S T R E E T , C ITY ROAD, LONDON, N . 1., and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M ILLER S T R E E T , G LA SG O W .

— FIRST some books (excluding text and aid books) which are are worthy of inclusion in a keen First-Aider’s library? Much depends on your taste for books. I presume you refer to works of history and fiction. Unfortunately, as with Medicine, so with the Ambulance Movement, the history has been sadly neglected. Of such works I can only suggest (1) Order o f St. John o f Jerusalem, by W. H. Fincham (St. John’s Gate) ; (2) Under the American Red Cross Flag., by Mabel Boardman (Lippincott); (3) E rrand o f Mercy, by Mostyn Bird (Hutchinson); (4) Reminiscences of Surgeon-Major G. A . Hutton (Lewis). If you refer to works of fiction, which touch on the various periods of the Ambulance Movement, then you have a wider choice. Thus, The Bethrothed and The Talisman, by Sir Walter Scott, and Richard Yea-and.Nay, by Maurice Hewlett, will carry you back to the time of the Crusades both in Eng land and Palistine, while Richard Dehan’s books (Heinemann) will probably interest you, since Between Two Thieves deals with the Crimean War, The Man o f Iron with the FrancoGerman War of 1870, and The Dop Doctor with the South African War. I give this list in the hope that other readers of these columns may come to our help and send along some further suggestions.— N. C. F.

an dages

for

r a ctu r ed

e m u r

In the Revised Textbook you will find a third method ! In short, the Textbook (p. 63) instructs you when single hand or patient is a woman to apply bandages ” in order shown by numbers” in diagram, a method which practically amounts to first, the limbs; then, the splints; lastly, the frac ture. Provided, however, you are resourceful and at the same time discriminating in carrying out the objects of treat ment— viz., prevention of aggravation of fracture and provision of proper transport— then it is immaterial in what order or by which method you apply the bandages. At the same time, my method is based on two facts. First, since the Principles of First Aid teach us to “ remove the cause,” and since the pressing danger is at the fracture— I believe it right to deal first with the danger, at its seat of origin. Secondly, since the adoption of a definite system serves to simplify the work, I prefer to teach “ General Rules ” (which in this instance are applicable to the treatment o f a ll fractures ) in accordance with the Principles of First Aid.— N. G. F.

e u tr a lisa tio n

o f

u r n s

M. C. (Brighton) ;— In the case of a wound— the result of a cut from a poison bottle— should one apply the antidote that would be given for the same poison internally ? Some poisons affect the part touched ; others have no local effect and act on the system, only after absorption. If the poison in question is one that acts locally (e.g., corrosive acid or alkali) and if the part is burned, then immediate appli cation of the neutralising substance is indicated.— N. C. F.

o r r o siv e

c id

o iso n in g

W. B. (Newport, Mon.) says that he has been warned to give small doses of alkalies in Corrosive Acid Poisoning and asks the reason of this warning. The choice of alkali is important because Acids re-act with Alkaline Carbonates and give off Carbonic Acid, which would

June, 1918.

distend’ the stomach and might cause rupture of its wall, if this was weakened and ulcerated by the Corrosive Acid. Chalk, whiting, washing soda, and bicarbonate o f soda are nil alkaline carbonates— and, if used, must be given in small quan tities and freely diluted with water. On the other hand, plaster, lime water, callcined magnesia, and soap and water lack this danger and may be used without fear. Another practical point is that the mouth must be well washed out before any of the alkaline solution is swallowed, because some of the acid might be retained therein and would otherwise be diverted into the stomach.— N. C. F.

ag a r ie s

e x tb o o k

H. C. (Bristol) asks what First Aid has to do with Trench Foot. Heaven knows ! Trench Foot is absolutety beyond the scope of First Aid. The Committee of Revision evidently for got that by copying an article from the Medical Journal they were deliberately inciting First Aiders to interfere with condi tions for which “ they must on no account take upon themselves the duties and responsibilities of a Doctor” (p. 25).— N. C. F.

E. M. (Cardiff) :— In the November issue of F I R S T Aid you gave the correct sequence of applying bandages for frac tured femur as “ first, control the fracture ; then, control the splints ; lastly, control the limbs.” In the B.R.C. Manual I note that this order is reversed, i.e., first, the splints; then, the fracture; lastly, the limbs. Will you be good enough to state the advantages and disadvantages of these two methods ?

AI D. —

u les

is in f e c t io n

B. C. (Bristol).— In your A id s to Home N ursing (p. 29) you give a most helpful aid to memory for the Rules of Venti lation— viz., the air must be P. U. R. E. (Bure in quality ; Upward in direction ; Regulated in rate of entry ; Expelled through exits). Can you help me similarly with the Rules of Disinfection ? With pleasure. Disinfection must be S. U. R. E. (S u it able for the purpose ; Undertaken on the spot ; Reliable and sufficiently potent ; Effective and sufficiently prolonged). For complete details see Article on “ Disinfectants,” published in issue of January last.— N. C. F.

The Q.W.R. “ S a fe ty ” Movement. Every year since 1913, when the Great Western Railway Company inaugurated the “ Safety” Movement for the pre vention of accidents to railwaymen, the records of injuries to members of the Company’s staff have gone to show that the campaign was attended by very beneficial results, and although the latest available statistics— those for 1917 indicate in the aggregate a slight increase over those for the previous year, they are substantially below those for preceding years. The following are the figures :— 1913 1914 191 s 1916 1917

Persons Killed. 40

44 30

Persons Injured.

3,331

3,220 2,686 2,375 2,401

Total

3,371 3,244

2,716 2,418

2,433

Of accidents caused by the movement of trains or vehicles, the total for 1917 was 410, as against 499 for the previous year and an average of 561 for the three preceding years. Of accidents due to other causes, there was an increase of 104 in 1917 as compared with 1916. This increase mainly represented comparatively slight injuries sustained while load ing or unloading wagons, or in moving goods or luggage. Many of the men and women now employed upon these duties are new comers, engaged as war workers, and have not had comparable experience to that of the regular staff. An analysis of all the injuries to the Company’s staff dur ing the last year reveals that in 203 cases they were attributable to misconduct or want of care, and 2,186 could be described as misadventures. A large proportion of the latter might, how ever, been prevented by vigilance and forethought, which is the object of the “ Safety ” Movement to inculcate.

— FIRST

June, 1918

The S t. Joh n

AID.—

A m b u la n c e

A s s o c ia tio n . N u r se s’ W ear

L I F E - S A V I N G L E C T U R E S . Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

A m bulance O fficer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

TJJERE at Harrods the Private ^ or Professional Nurse will find every requisite of her call ing, and she may depend im plicitly upon the correctness, the quality, and the service of every thing supplied. Advice on all outfitting matters gladly given by post to those prevented from visiting Plarrods (2nd Floor). Harrods aie appointed by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the British Red Cross Society and all materials and patterns are approved thereby. U N IF O R M

A M B U L A N C E R E S C U E

A N D

M O V E M E N T S -

I.— L I F E A

M IN E S

Popu lar

B O N N ETS

SA V IN G .

F ir s t

Aid

DRESS

N . U . 1 3 1 . — W ell cut U n iform D ress (as illu stra te d ) b odice lined, in fine N a v y C o a tin g S erge. S to c k S iz e .. .. -. 4 5 /“ In good q u a lity A lp a c a .. 36/N .U . 1 3 6 . — F in e S tra w B onnet, e x tra broad shape, trim m ed folds o f goo d q u a lity p iece V e lv e t 10/6

L e jt u r e .

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the Official First Aid Film. The film is at present shown in licensed Halls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged.

N . U . 3 3 . — B eco m in g B onn et o f fine S traw , trim m ed good q u a lity p iece V e lv e t. N a v y or B la c k .. .. 9/6 B row n , G reen or G r e y .. 10/6

Sen t Carriage P a id .

HARRODS Ltd

II.

Managing Director

LONDON SW 1

Similar to the above, but without the film. III.— R E S C U E A

peep

in to

WORK the

life of

M IN ES.

a Miner,

Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue Work in Coal Mines. IV.

— NATURE Nature’ s

FIRST

m e t h o d s and fu r th e r them .

h ow to

f ir s t

a id

W h y e v e r y o n e should ha ve a k n o w le d g e of F ir s t Aid.

A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. Special inducements are offered to Mining Districts. No entertainment tax is payable in respect of any of the above, provided that no music or other extraneous amusements are included in the proceedings.

For terms and dates available apply to

AmbuTance Officer C. HANMER, 205.

FOR

OF F IC E

ORDER

FACTORIES.

AID ER.

First Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. This lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiographs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject. v ._ P R A C T IC A L

HOME

D o n c a s te r R o a d , G o ld th o rp e , N e a r R o th e rh a m .

Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.”

An Order made by the Secretary of State, requires that the Occupier in all Factories in the following classes:— Blast Furnaces, Copper Mills, Iron Mills, Foundries, Metal Works shall provide F I R S T A I D C A B I N E T S in the proportion of at least one to every 150 persons, where 25 persons or more are employed. We supply for this purpose two C a bin ets: — No. I, containing the minimum requirements of the Order. Prices, 1 to 4 Cabinets, 2 5 / = ; 5 to 10 Cabinets, 2 3 / 9 ; 11 to 20 Cabinets, 2 2 / 6 ; over 20, 2 1 / 3 each nett. No. 2, containing in addition, the Dressings recommended by H.M. Medical Inspector of Factories in the First Aid Leaflet for the Treatment of Minor Injuries. Prices, 1 to 4 Cabinets, 5 0 / - ; 5 to 10 Cabinets, 4 7 /6 ; 11 to 20 Cabinets, 4 5 / - ; over 20, 4 2 / 6 each nett. Terms:— Packing free , carriage paid. Cash with order. First Aid Cabinets are not required in Blast Furnaces where an Ambulance Room is provided. A M B U L A N C E R O O M S must be provided where 500 persons or more are employed in Factories to which this Order applies. We supply estimates for the equipment required, also for the construction of the Rocms where necessary.

S o u th a ll B ros. & B a rcla y , Ltd., C h a rfo rd

V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ J

M ills ,

B IR M IN G H A M .

192

— FIRST

AID.—

June, 19 1 8 .

MANUALS

F I R S T -A I D , &e.,

By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C (Cantab), M.R.C.S. A ID S

F IR S T-A ID .

T h ird E d itio n .

P o st free, 7<l.

First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with A|ds to Memory. “ Col. Cantlie contributes an introduction and wo endorse his Rood opinion o f the book. " — L a n c e t .

•K m e S ,

A ID S

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

Secon d E d itio n .

^ « J J cak es

P rice 7 d . , post free.

Home-Nursing Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory. “ This book w onderfully sim plifies a complex subject and should be read by a ll students."— L . & N .W . R y . G a z e t t e .

SEND

WHY

YOUR

A D V E R T I S E M E N T S for on e P u b lic a t io n or m a n y , a n d w e w ill a r r a n g e

E F F IC IE N C Y

R E Y N O L D S & C O ., L t d ., A dvertis ing Agents, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E . C . 4.

P O STAL IN STR U C TIO N in “ PRESCRIPTION R E A D IN G ” and “ ELEM ENTARY DISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member of S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted for the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) Special terms no w — half fees—to members of S.T.A.B., &c. A p p ly (stam p ) to M r . J . E . W a l d e n , S e c ., W estm inster C o lle g e (L a d y D ispensers S ectio n o f the W estm in ster C o lle g e o f C h em istry and P h a rm a c y , estd. 1874),

112, S t . G e o r g e ’s Road, S o u t h w a r k , London.

U niform C loth in g & E q u ipm en t Co. B ES T AN D CH EAPES T HOUSE IN T H E TR A D E. Uniforms

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Con tr a ctors f o r : — S t . John A m b ulan ce B rig ad e; B ritis h Red Cross, & c . ; Officers and P riv ates; also for A r m y , N avy , Police and F ir e Brigades. SEND

FOR

P R IC E

L IS T

AND

F iR S T -A ID .

H IN TS

P A TTER N S

FOR

H O S P ITA L

O R D E R L IE S .

Post free, 7d. “ A most compact brochure w hich contains much usefu l inform ation ." — P r e s c r ib b r .

D A LE,

Khaki

T O l-

AN M.

IN D E X

CARVELL,

F IR S T-A ID .

M .R .C .S .,

EVANS,

B y the Sam e A utnor.

With Coloured Diagrams. 12 pp. Folder. Paper, 2d. H O M E N U R S I N G IN F E W W O R D S . (16th B y th e S a m e A uth or.

HOW ARD

PRESTO N,

116 Illus. THE

T A T ) Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark .tl Grey beaver cloth, 45s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 32s. 6d.— Write for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

4d.

Dem onstrator

the Polytechnic.

Price, is. net; postage 2d. R O L L E R BANDAGfE.

B y the S am e A u th o r

Its Application Accurately Described by Words a n d 1 6 1 D i a g r a m s . Price, is. net;.postage, 2d. F I R S T - A I D A N A T O M I C A L D IA G R A M S . Twelve in set, on Roller. Post free, 2S. lod. Each Diagram separately, 2d. 5 and 6 (coloured), 6d. each. No. 14. — H U M A N B O D Y . - S H O W I N G A R T E R I E S & P R E S S U R E P O IN TS . Coloured. Price, 6d. T H E W H O L E A R T O F B A N D A G IN G . By

THEKLA

BOW SER,

F.J.I.

Introdmction by J a m e s C a n t l i e , F. R . C . S. Illus. Post free, 1 s . 2d. P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G O U T & M A K IN G UP H O S P I T A L G A R M E N T S F O R S I C K & W O U N D E D . {Approved by the Red Cross Society). Illustrated. Post tree, is. 2 d. A S H O R T C O U R S E OF P H Y S IC A L TR A IN IN G . By

ALLAN

P ric e 18. 8d. p o st free.

BROMAN.

JOHN BALE, SONS A DANIELSSOIN, Ltd., 83-91, G r e a t T l t c h f l e l d S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W . On F irs t A id, M edicine, S u rg e ry , an d a ll other S c ie n tific and L ite ra ry S ubjects.

5, O i e r k e n w o l l G r e e n , F a r r i n g d o n R o a d , L O N D O N . E.O .

Cloth,

thousand).

Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2d. Clothed. T H E C O M P L E T E M A N IK IN , Systems of Body accurately indexed. Invaluable to Students of Anatomy, Medicine, First-Aid and Allied Subjects. Price 2 S . net; postage, 2 d. . T H E TR IA N G U LA R B A N D A G E : Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams.

Proprietor),

Telephone*— No. 2353 Holborn. Telegrams — 11 Evans, Clerkenwell Green, London.

L.S .A .L on d .

A vade-mecum for the Ambulance Worker. F. cap. 8vo. Post free, I s. 2d. F I R S T A ID IN F E W W O R D S . (38th thousand).

U niform C loth in g & E q u ipm en t Co. (FRED

F IR S T-A ID .

Orderly Duties Simplified aud Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

s a v i n g y o u t i m e a n d t r o u b le .

Pattern

Problems Study, Treatment and Examination solved for Senior Students. ‘ ‘ W ithout doubt the book w ill be o f great service in the tra in in g o f those f o r whom it is designed."— B r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

for t h e i r in se rtio n a t O ffic e R a t e s , t h u s

L atest

W HEREFORE

Post free, i s . a d .

(L a rg e o r S m a ll)

46,

AND

P ric e 7 d . t post free. Difficulties in Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer. “ IVe eammond this book to Lecturers a n d Students who w ill fin d it o f groat service . " — F i r s t A i d .

Second-H and Prices, N ew

H al f

B oo ks at C a ta lo g u es

, — D isco u n t P rice s. w. S ta te wants. B ooks sent on ap p reTal. B o o k s bought. W. & G. F O Y L E . - r and 123. C h a rin g C r e w R oad, L o n d o n , W .C .

P ric e 6 d . n e t.

NOTES

ON By

P ost fre e 7d.

FIRST S id n e y

AID H.

SIMPLIFIED.

Lam b.

A Handbook in a tabulated atd simplified form giving the main points in first aid, so arranged as toimpressthem on thememory of the student.

OR SALE, a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 9s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co., 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

OR SA L E.— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

“ FIRST AID” QUERY and REPLIES COUPON.

I G H T Ambulance Brougham, rubber tyres ; for single or pair ; fitted with stretcher bed complete.— Poad & Helps, Coach Builders, Bristol.

To be cut out and enclosed w ith a ll Queries

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., LONDON, E,C.4.

J u n e , 1918.

Printed and Published by Dal*, Reynolds & C o ., L td ., 46, Cannon S t., London, E .C . 4., to whom all communications iheald be addressed.

FIR S T

A ID

— AND

THE —

V O L U M E

X X V .

(No. 289, July, 1918, to N o . 300, June, 1919).

LONDON. DALE,

REYNOLDS

CO.,

L t d .,

46,

CANNON

STREET,

E.C. 4.

I N D E X .

A Alterations in Revised Textbook, by N. Corbet Fletcher, u Ambulance Train, for the American Army, 74 Action, and Re-Action, 190

G G .W .R y . Ambulance W ork, 1918, 143

H B Bowdler, Col. Cyril William, C.B., 77 Blackham, Col. R. J., C.M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O., 58 B r e v i t i e s , 9, 25, 41, 57, 73, 90, 105, 123, 141, 157,173, 188 Brigade Overseas, 174 „ Services Overseas, 59

How to Get a Cinder Out of the Eye, 33 Humour of Air Raids, The, 91 I Invalid Carrying Chair, An, 142

C Closing of Auxiliary Hospital, 144 „ Caen Wood Towers Auxiliary Hospital, 144

L Lesson of Our Cross, The, 156 L

etters

Danger of Neglecting Cuts and Scratches, 191 Day’s Work at a Provincial Ambulance Station During Hos tilities, A, 136 Design of Ford Ambulance Body, A New, 11 Death of an Old St. John Ambulance Veteran, 175 „ Surgeon-Major Hutton, 178 D

ist r ic t

rd ers

No. 1— 2, 18, 34, 50, 66, 82, 98, 114, 134 150,166, 182 „ 2— 50,98,114,150,182 » 3— 2. 51. 166, 182 4— 3. 19, 34, 66, 82, 134, 151,167, 183 » S— 3, 18, 19, 34, 51, 66, 83, 98, 115, 135, 151, 167, 183 „ 6 - 1 3 5 , 167 >. 7 — 167 „ 8— 35,115,135,151 ,,

„ „ „

9— 67

10— 98 1 1 - 3 , 1 9 , 6 7 ,8 3 ,9 9 ,1 5 1 12 (Irish)— 35, 51, 67, 99, 135, 183

th e

d it o r

:—

Brigade Uniform, The, 45, 62, 78 „ Work During the War, 92 „ Medal, etc., 160, 175 Change of Uniform, 45 First Aid Library, 8 „ Essay Competition, 92 „ Competitions, 127 „ Training of Troops in Italy, 160 Notable Ambulance Dates, 175 Publication of Emergency Cases, 78 S.J.A.A. Benevolent Fuud, 127 Street Calls v. Telephone Exchange, 78 Suggestion, A, 46 Temporary Promotion of Officers, 78

M Meeting of V.A.D. Recruiting Commandants, 58 Mines Rescue Work, 42

E E

d it o r ia l

:—

Brigade Report, The, 17 First Aid to Minor Injuries, 33 From War to Peace, 65 Future of the V.A.D.s, The, 113 Importance of First Aid, The, 1 Organisation of the Brigade, 97 Prevention of Accidents, 133 Railway Ambulance Work, 165 Reconstruction. 81 Red Cross Conference at Cannes, 149 „ „ Finance, 165 „ „ League, The, 181 Ro-organisation of the S.J.A.A., 149 Safety Committees in Factories and Workshops, 49

F First Aid and Business Output, 26

New Water Bottle, A, 43 Notable Ambulance Dates, by N. Corbet Fletcher, M.B., 125, 140, 158 O Order of the Priory of Wales, 65 P Practical Points from the Textbook, 171, 189 Presentation to the County Director of Leicester, 107 P

r a c t ic a l

o in ts

:—

Abuse of Stimulants, 43 Complete First Aider, The, 62 Curious Accident, A, 192 Dangers of First Aid, 43, 110 Efficiency in First Aid, 172

IN D First Aid with Discrimination, 192 Foreign Body in Stomach, 43 Justifiable Interference, 144 Old Time Method of Transport, 13 Pseudo-Internal Haemorrhage, 192 Rare Complicated Accident, A, 13 „ Emergency, A, 76 Rapid Action, 156 Resourceful F irst Aid, 27, 76 Swell’s Downfall, 129 Transient Hemiplegia, 27 Unsolicited Testimonial, An, 144 Vagaries of Epilepsy, The, 83, 129, 156 „ of First Aid, 1 10 Worst Aid, 172

X .

R Railway Ambulance, io, 46, 6 8 , 9 1 , 126, 15 6, 178 Red Cross Congress at Cannes, 15 1 „ „ in Japan, The, 19 4 Report of S.J.A.B., 1 9 1 7 , The, 27 R

e v ie w s

:—

Home Nursing, 127 Motor Manual, The, 127 Official Handbook War Work in Middlesex, 177 Order of St. John of Jerusalem Past and Present, 1 7 7 Sunderland’s First Aid to the Injured and Sick, 127

S St. John Ambulance Association, 26

Q Q

u e r ie s

an d

n sw ers

St . Joh o r respo n d en ts

Alcoholic Poisoning, Treatment of, 44 Alteration in Textbook, 44 Ambulance Rooms and Outfits, 108 Artificial Respiration, 108, 110, 194 Bites of Rabid Animals, 146 Buried in Lime, 108 Burns and Scalds, 108 Burst Varicose Vein, Treatment of, 14, 28 Camphor Poisoning, 28 Causes of Hysterical Fits, 94 Competitions, Vagaries of, 60 Compound Complicated F'racture of Skull, 76 Contents of First Aid Outfits, 14 Concussion, Treatment of, 128 Corrosive Poisoning, 162 Crushed Fingers, Treatment of, 76 Detailed Marking Sheets, 176 Diagnosis of Alcholism, 94 Doses of Emetics, 29 Effects of Apoplexy, 14 Ethics of First Aid, 92 Fainting, Treatment of, 44 Foreign Body to Ear, 162 Fracture of Clavicle and Humerus, 28 „ F'emur, 94 „ Forearm, 94 ,, Knee-cap, 60 „ Spine, 162 Tibia, 77 „ with Insensibility, 146 „ Involving Elbow Joint, 94 F'ractured Femur, Treatment of, 76 Haemorrhage from Nose, 92 Indication tor Artificial Respiration, 29 Infantile Convulsions, Treatment for, 29 Injuries to Kidneys, 162 Injury to Scalp, 61 Insensibility, Treatment of 108 Meddlesome First Aid, 29 Method of Bandage Drill, 44 Opium Poisoning, 28 Perforating Wound of Lower Jaw, 61 Poisoning by Chloride of Lime, 76 „ Treatment of, 162 Prussic Acid Poisoning, 146 Recurrence of Gas Poisoning Symptoms, 61 Severe Abrasion of Face, 76, 108 Smelling Salts, Use of, 44 Snake Bite, Treatment of, 28 Sprained Ankle, Treatment of, 14 Strychnine Poisoning, 28 Swelling of Tissues of Throat, 108 Textbook, Vagaries of, 28 Tincture of Iodine, 108 Tourniquet, Uses of, 128 Transport of Fractured Pelvis and Ribs, 29 Tobacco Smoke in Insensibility, 194 Zinc Chloride Poisoning, 94

m bu lan ce

azette

:—

Ambulance Lecture given by Ambulance Officer Hanmer, 8 „ Competitions, 22 „ Features, 102 Brigade Hospital, 71, 88 „ Overseas, 87 Blue Stripe Examination Successful Candidates, 102, 118, 170 Copies of Letters Received by the Ambulance Department of the Order, 153 Doctor at the Front, 39, 53 Eight-Pointed Cross, The, 21 Extracts from Letters Received from V.AD. Members Working in Military Hospitals, 55 First Aid Jottings, 103 Freshfield, The late Edwin, LL.D., F.S.A., 37 General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors, 23, 56, 72, S8, 103, 119, 138, 154, 186 Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England, 7, 22, 70, 86, 101, 117, 138, 153, 169, 185 „ Prior’s Interest in the S.J.A.B., 23 Lecture Demonstrations, 102 Official Brigade News, 4,20, 36, 52, 69, 84, 100, 116, 137, 152, 168, 184 Open Air Treatment, 23 Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, Priory of Wales, 38 Our Day, 70 Railway Ambulance Competition, 117 Relief Unit for Syria, 120 Re-opening of the Oyhthalmic Hospital in Jerusalem, 138 St. John Ambulance Brigade Hospital, 6, 118 „ „ „ „ Southport, 104 „ „ „ Overseas, 23 „ „ „ Supply Depot, Halkyn House, 119 ,, West Riding V.A.D. 39, 120 S.J.A.B. Overseas, 124 Some Criticisms and Suggestions on First Aid Competi tions, 106 St. John Day, 7 Service of Thanksgiving for the Cessation of Hostilities, 85 Special Brigade Order, 154 Their Majesties Silver Wedding, 5 Thompson, Sir Courtauld, 71 Voluntary Aid Detachments, 24, 40 V.A.D. Summary of Work, 71, 88, 104, 119, 139, 155, 170 186 War Charities, 155 Work of the S.J.A.B. in the London Civil Hospitals, 87

T Training School for Girls, A New, 176

W Watford Junction Station Ambulance Class, 74

~ —

I N D E X .

Illustrations. A New Design of Ford Ambulance Body, 12, 13

Col. R. J. Blackham, C.M.G., 58

Eight Pointed Cross, 22

The Late Miss Sophia Barrett, V.A.D., 67

A New Water Bottle, 43

„

Mrs. G. Kate Mason, H.S.S., 99

The V.A.D. Section of the S.J.A.B. Nursing 'Division Maid stone, 60

„

Pte. G. Lovett, 175

American Ambulance train, 75

Lieut. W. W. McKinney, 189 Cheltenham Motor Ambulance, 125 Dr. C. Highet’s Patent Invalid Carrying Chair, 142, 143

o r tr a it s

—

H. Tucker, O.B.E., 10

The Late Edwin Freshfield, LL.D., 37

Air Raid Duty Certificate, 171 Glebe Men’s V.A.D. No. 41 Types of Microbes, 191

N.S.W., 174

F I R S T AID AND

ST.

JO H N

THE

—

AM BULANCE E d ite d b y A R T H U R

No. 289 — Vol. XXV.

JULY,

r9 i8

GAZETTE.

DALE. [E n tertd a t Stationgrs' H a ll.)

PRIC E TH REEPENCE [3/0 P e r

A n n u m , P o st

Free]

and the experience gained in military hospitals and other N O TICE

READERS.

spheres should prove of great service in civil life, if these persons do not let their knowledge so acquired be lost by

F I R S T A ID is published on the a o t h of ea ch m onth .

Annual Subscription is

The

3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

Its aim and object being the advancement of Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied [not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE,

REYNOLDS & CO., 46, C a n n o n

S tre e t,

discontinuing their studies. It is here that the St. John Ambulance Brigade has immense scope for expansion, in inducing these persons into its ranks, and we hope that no efforts will be lost in using every endeavour in this direction. By doing so, we shall have a vast body of trained men and women in every town and village in the country organised and capable of being of the utmost use to the community.

London,

E.C. 4.

Telegraphic Address: <tTwenty-Jour, London.” Telephone No. Bank.

No.

i n g ’s

ross

G.N.R.)

iv isio n

.—

A course

of first aid lectures to female members of the Company’s staff commenced on Wednesday, June 26th.

The ladies

are very fortunate in having Dr. W. Mailer as lecturer, "and

ED ITO RIAL

over

140 listened to a very interesting and instructive

lesson.

The very large number of entrants bids fair for the

formation of a Nursing Section of the above division. T

The

h e

Archdeacon of Westminster,

preaching a sermon of great interest at

I m p o r t a n c e of the Annual Commemoration Service of F i r s t Aid.

the Order of St. John, which is reported in another column, said that the Order

of St. John had a glorious and inherited privilege in the work of reconstruction which lay before us. the following of

It stood in

Hospitallers to whom the care of the

The Red Cross motor ambulance launches in Mesopo tamia are now not only operating all along the Tigris from Mohammerah, 20 miles below Basrah, to Samarra, some 500 miles above Basrah, but are also in service on the upper

and

Ramadie.

lower

Euphrates,

some

being

well above

Recent reports and statistics show that since

body— its food, its cleansing, its recover from sickness—

the first boat arrived on the Tigris in December, 1915, the

was a passion, but who were at the same time the champion

total mileage covered by all the craft is well over 500,000,

of the Cross of Christ— the symbol of our faith.

whilst the number of passengers carried is a large one.

theirs at once to “ uphold the Christ” abroad, redressing human wrongs.”

and

It was “ to ride

The noble sentiments

express the spirit in which the great body of workers under

In addition over 150,000 packages of medical stores, etc. have been carried. general

Perhaps

reliability of

could

show

built

the

Great

Britain more

done for the good of their fellow creatures.

especially in view of the very arduous nature of the service

which the Archdeacon of Westminster referred, one asset which should prove of special value will

the

vast

number of persons who have acquired a knowledge of First Aid.

These are spread over every section of society,

the

nothing craft

the banner of St. John carry on their work, work which is

In the work of reconstruction which lay before us to

than

motor

plain statement of these facts,

the difficulties of navigation in the river and the excessively muddy water, which is one of the greatest troubles that a marine motor can encounter.

It is fair to add that a good

proportion of the best known British engines are installed in the boats, which now number close upon 100, and that the results from all of them have been excellent.

— FIRST 7 h ( Grand fr io rg of thi Srdir of the h o sp ita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BU LANCE

ffhe S t. No. 1 D is t r ic t . D

epu ty

o m m issio n e r

Jo h n

July, 1918.

I M P O R T A N T N O TIC E. Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

DEPARTM EN T.

.Ambulance S rigade.

D IS T R IC T :

AID. —

ORDERS.

-------

W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E. A U G U S T , 1918. 'lunaay Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 4th. - No. 68 Division, City of London. „ nth.— No. 70 „ Royal Borough of Kensington. „ 18th.— No. 72 „ Barking. „ 25th.- No. 74 „ London City Missionary. From 2.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. W O M E N ’S

PROCESSION TO BU CKIN GH AM PALACE. The following is a copy of letter received by the Deputy Commissioner from the Right Hon. G. H. Roberts, M.P., Minister of Labour, with reference to duty performed by the No. 1 District on the occasion of the Women’s Procession, on June 29th, 1918. Ministry of Labour, Montagu House, Whitehall, S.W.i. July 9th, 1918. Dear Sir, I cannot let the occasion of last Saturday’s Proces sion pass without reference and thanks to the St. John Ambulance Brigade for the admirable arrangements made in connection with it. I appreciate the fact that the ordinary anxieties of a public ceremony were greatly enhanced by the fact that Saturday’s Procession consisted of women unaccustomed to the fatigue of marching. Whilst only a comparatively small portion needed the care of your workers, the speed and efficiency with which this assistance was rendered, contributed to a great extent to the smoothness and success of the proceedings. Yours sincerely, (Signed) G e o . H. R o b e r t s . ST. J O H N ’S DAY. On the occasion of the Annual Assembly of the Order of St. John, members of the No. 1 District had’ the privilege of forming a Guard of Honour to receive H.R.H. The Duke of Connaught, the Grand Prior. His Royal Highness inspected the Guard, and later on expressed his high appreciation of the work the St. John Ambulance Brigade was doing in London. P U B L I C DU T Y . On the occasion of Their Majesties Silver Wedding Cele bration on July 6th, the Brigade was asked to furnish twentyfive ambulance stations along the line of route. In spite of the frequency with which public duty has lately been performed it was found possible to amply staff the various stations with both men and nurses, and full equipment, both for first aid and transport. The Deputy Commissioner wishes to express his apprecia tion of the prompt way in which the members turned out at the appointed time, and of their general smart appearance. The occasions on which calls for public duty have been very frequent of late, and the Deputy Commissioner desires to warmly thank those members who, at short notice, so readily responded. S A L U T IN G . Attention is called to the recent Army Order abolishing the salute with the left hand. All salutes should be given by the right hand when a member speaks to an officer or is addressed by one. (Signed) W. H. W IN N Y ,

Deputv- Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.

W a l t h a m s t o w (No. 29) D i v i s i o n . — An impressive cere mony was held in this district on Sunday, June 16th, in con nection with the above division, which is one of the most progressive in the Metropolitan area. It seems quite recently that we witnessed the ceremony of founding the ambulance station, which has already become an established benefit in the locality. Since the occasion referred to the war has demanded its tribute from all parts of the Empire, and Walthamstow has responded to the call. The ceremony, which took place on the date above men tioned, was the unveiling of a wall tablet recording the death of four of the members of No. 29 Division, who had lost their lives in the service of their country. The names inscribed on the memorial were :— Lieutenant Robarts, Private G. Wilson, Private V. Dale, Private T. Kent. The ceremony was performed by Assistant Commissioner S. H. Vilven, upon whose arrival the Divisional Band gave the General Salute, the Division being subsequently inspected. The consecration service was conducted by the Rev. A. T. Fryer, who delivered an inspiring addiess. Special solos were sung by Mr. Bailey, from St. Giles’ Church, Cripplegate. In unveiling the memorial, the Assistant Commissioner referred to the solemnity of the occasion and stated that the Division in placing on record the names of those comrades who had lost their lives in the service were not only doing honour to the dead but also to themselves, as the tablet would be a lasting record of the esteem of their former comrades. On be half of the Brigade he extended to the relatives of the deceased the sincere sympathy of all those who had been associated with the members who had fallen, and felt sure if consolation were possible it should be drawn from the knowledge that the sacrifice which had been called for was equally deplored by the former comrades of those who had fallen. He also hoped that the presence of the memorial in their Ambulance Station would be the means of inspiring in those who had to follow a sense of determination to emulate the glorious example that had been set to them by the services of which the record was an eloquent acknowledgment. The closing prayer having been offered by the Rev. A. T. Fryer, the buglers of the Division’s band sounded the “ Last Post,” the members thereafter filing past and saluting the memorial. The proceedings were ably carried out under the charge of Supt. A. E. Blum, assisted by Ambulance Officer Cardo. A large gathering of members of the Nursing Division under the charge of Lady Supt. Mrs. Cardo, was also present. W e s t L o n d o n (44) D i v i s i o n .— Below is a brief report on the first year’s work of the First Aid Station, Acton Vale. The Station completed its first year’s work on June 22nd last and has amply justified its existence. During that period first aid has been rendered in 1,041 cases of accident and sickness, of which 200 cases have been taken to the various hospitals. The station has been open daily, Sundays and holidays included, from 8 a.m. till 10 p.m., and later whenever there has been an air raid warning.

No. 3 D is t r ic t . G l o u c e s t e r . — The Corps held its 2nd annual Church Parade on June 30th. Altogether about 130, exclusive of the bands, paraded under Ambulance Officer M. G. Matty and Sergt. G. Jackson (City Division), Commandant Watts (Red Cross), First Officer W. Palmer (Wagon Works'), Girl Guides (Captain Flora Bruton), and, headed by the Wagon Works Silver Band (Bandmaster A. Dowers) and the Bugle Band of

July,

— FIRST

the Gloucester Volunteer Regiment, marched to the church, where seats had been specially reserved for the visitors. An appropriate sermon was preached by the Vicar (the Rev. S. Richmond Robertson), who gave a brief history of the Order of St. John and made a strong appeal for the object of the collection— the fund for the reconstruction of the St. John Hospital destroyed at Etaples by German aircraft. At the close of the service the National Anthem was sung, and the Wagon Works Band rendered a sacred selection with taste and expression. T i p t o n P a r i s h . — Corpl. A. H. North o f this Division was recently awarded the British Empire Medal f o r gallantry and bravery shown on the occasion o f an air raid in the Midlands.

No. 4 D is tr ict. C H E S T E R . — The funeral of Section Leader W. D. Jones, of Cheshire V.A.D. 9, took place at Chester Cemetery on Wednesday afternoon, 27th June, amid tokens of great respect on the part of his numerous friends. He was a keen and clever worker in the cause of St. John Ambulance, and, up to the time of his illness, ever willing to do his duty and zealous in all the work of the Detachment. The body was taken to Christ Church where, as also at the graveside, the service was taken by the Vicar, the Rev. G. C. M. Bennett. Eight of his fellow workers on the railway headed the procession, after which marched 24 members of Chester V.A.D. 9, under the command of Quartermaster W. H. Dashcombe. The Rev. F. G. Wright, Incumbent of St. John’s Hospital, who has been connected with ambulance work for over 20 years, represented the Centre Committee. The coffin was covered with beautiful wreaths (among them a particular choice one, the gift of the Detachment) and bore the cap and belt of the deceased. Very real sympathy is felt for the widow and her family. Com mandant T. Oldham, to bis great sorrow, was unable to attend through illness. The late section leader possessed the certificate, voucher, medallion and 10 labels and did duty at St. John’s Hospital, and was senior section leader of the Detachment until his ill ness incapacitated him, which lasted 10 weeks. He was captain of the team which came second in the “ CarstairsJones” Challenge Cup Competition in December last. L i v e r p o o l . — An interesting ceremony took place at the headquarters of the Liverpool Division, at the conclusion of the annual examination on the 10th inst, when Capt. Llewellyn Morgan,R.A.M.C.(T.)presented Long Service Medals to Sergts. G. Allen and P. J. Conway. Both recipients have been mem bers of the Division since its inception in April, 1892, and were heartily congratulated by Capt. Morgan on their long associa tion with the Brigade and first aid work. In their brief replies both said they only regretted that they had not been able to give still more of their time to the work. Three rousing cheers were given for each man and with a vote of thanks to Capt. Morgan a pleasant little function ended.

On June 21st the Liverpool Divisions had the pleasure of listening in Y.M.C.A., to an address by Sir James Cantlie, who gave a most interesting rdsume of the history of the First Aid Movement and pleaded for the foundation of a “ College of Ambulance” in Liverpool, such as had been founded in the Metropolis, as a memorial to the First Aid work which had been accomplished since the commencement of hostilities. Sir James Cantlie’s account of the efforts to stem the war rush for emergency classes was most interesting, and must have been particularly so to three people at the back of the platform, Dr. and Mrs. Murray-Cairns and Miss Lydia Wilson, who, together have laboured in the S.J.A.B. cause for many years, and whose efforts at many centres succeeded in meeting the demands of 1914, and since that time. They must have felt proud of the audience in front of them, the great majority of whom owed their training to Dr. Cairns, who is looked upon with pride and affection by student, worker and Parent i" the S.J.A.B. Auxiliary Hospital, Myrtle-street, of which he is the O.C., and for the successful organisation of which Mrs. Murray Cairns is largely responsible.

AID. —

No. 5 D is t r ic t . N e w a r k . — Under the auspices of the Newark War Emergency Committee, the Newark Division held recently an air raid rehearsal. All the details of an actual raid were carried out and the ambulance men performed their duties to the satis faction of the medical men present. N o t t i n g h a m . — On 6th July the Corps was inspected by Lieut. S. W. Malkin, Deputy Commissioner of the District. There were 569 officers, nursing sisters and ambulance men on parade under command of Corps Supt. A. B. Gibson. The Deputy Commissioner after the inspection congratulated the Corps on its efficiency and smart turn out, the Duke of Port land, who was also present, commended the members on their work. The Duke of Portland, in opening the V.A.D. Hospital, said it was the first hospital equipped by the voluntary efforts of the Corps, which was formed some eight or nine years ago by the efforts and energy of the men working on the railways in the city, to whom, more than to anyone else, the credit was due for the present work. The hospital had accommodation for 40 beds, but was capable of extension to 70, and it was to be worked entirely by voluntary effort, with the exception of the lady at the head of the kitchen. Headquarters were providing two sisters (Sisters Perkins and Henny), but all the other helpers would be voluntary, and having regard to what he had just seen, he was sure that the hospital would not lack ample support in its beneficent work. There was more than 1,000 men and women in the Corps ; nearly 200 men were on active service in the army, the R.A.M.C., the infantry, and other branches, and many of the women were acting as nurses in military hospitals at the front, and nurses in V.A.D. hospitals. He commended upon their most efficient work at the Whitsun tide Patriotic Fair, when they dealt with 348 cases, and re joiced that they were going to participate in the August Fair. During a recent disaster, too, they had rendered invaluable aid, and within 20 minutes of the occurrence members of the Corps were on the spot to attend to the wounded.

No.

11 D is t r ic t .

b e r t i l l e r y . — The annual inspection of the Abertillery Man and Nurses Divisions took place on the 6th June, the men were under the command of Supt. Matthews and the nurses were under Nursing Sister Mrs. O. Strickland; the inspection was taken by the District Officer, Mr. Maberly, of Cardiff. After the inspection Mr. Maberly complimented the Divisions on their smartness and general efficiency, and after giving some useful hints on first aid, the proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks.

L l w y n y p i d . — The first annual competition in connection with the “ Peter Haig Thomas” Ambulance Challenge Shield, to be competed for by teams from the following colleries :_ Cambrian, Glamorgan, Naval, Gilfach Goch, and Messrs. D. Davis & Sons and Welsh Navigation (Coed Ely), took place on Saturday, 22nd of June, on the cricket and tennis grounds, Llwynpid. Owing to the fact that so many members have joined the colours several of the teams which had entered had to with draw from the competition, with the result that only four com peted, namely, Glamorgan No. 1 (captain, Cpl. D. Williams), Glamorgan No. 2 (captain, Frank Tudball), Tylorstown (cap tain, Sergt. J. Morgan), and Naval (captain, Sergt. H. J. Hopkins). After a keen competition the award was given to the Tylorstown team. The judges were Dr. J. Morgan Rees, Pontypridd, and Dr. De Vere Hunt, Cardiff. The officers of the committee were :— Chairman, Corps Supt. George Payne ; treasurer, Sergt. R. Davies, Clydach Vale ; secretary, Mr. W. R. Matthews, Trealaw.

W hen corresponding: w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ F irst Aid ”

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JO H N

AMBULANCE

G A ZETTE. —

July 1918.

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Official Brigade News. J u n e , 1918.

T h e Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No

1 D istr ict

( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ).

Divisional Supt. W. D. Liddell, No. 1 Division, to be Corps Supt., 28.6.18. East Croydon and Addiscombe N. Division.— Frederick Beard, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 12.6.18. No. 42 Euston Nursing Division.— Miss Stella Emery to be Nursing Officer, 4.6.18. Stratford Nursing Division.— Katherine E. Gardner to be Nursing Officer, 3.16.18. N o. 3 D istr ict.

Birmingham Corps (New Street, L. & N.W.R. Division)' — Wm. Chancellar, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 28.6.18' J. C. Graham to be Divisional Superintendent, 28.6.18. J. F. Lisle to be Ambulance Officer, 28.6.18. Birmingham N. Corps (Edgbaston N. Division).— Mrs. E. M. Milward to be Nursing Officer, 12.6.18. Birmingham Corps (West Smethwick Division).— Joseph Charles Cripps to be Ambulance Officer in charge as from 18.2.18. Arthur Challinor to be Ambulance Officer as from 19.2 .1 8.

Dudley and District Corps (Dudley Nursing Division).— Miss Hannah Little to be Lady Divisional Superintendent, 8.6.18., vice Lady Divisional Superintendent Mrs. Gittens resigned. No.

4 D istr ict.

Manchester and Salford Corps (North Manchester Divi sion).— Sergt. M. Lusckinski to be Temporary Superintendent during the absence of the Divisional Superintendent, on active service, 17.6.18. Cammell Laird (Birkenhead) Corps.— George M. Carter to be Corps Superintendent, 19.6.18, vice Corps Supt. W. John son resigned. Wm. Simpson to be Ambulance Officer, 19.6.18, vice A. V. Johnson resigned. Stockport Division.— Lewis Leonard Turner to be Ambu lance Officer, 7.6.18. John Thomas Barber to be Divisional Superintendent, 7.6.18. Hazel Grove Division.— Sergt. James Smith to be Tempor ary Ambulance Officer in charge during the illness of Ambu lance Officer J. Daniels, 26.6.18. N o . 5. D i s t r i c t .

Nottingham Corps (Great Northern Division).— William Harold Cunningham to be Divisional Superintendent, 4.6.18. vice Divisional Supt. R. Goddard retired owing to ill-health. Nottingham Corps (Corps Band Division).— George William Hall to be Ambulance Officer, 14.6.18. Nottingham Corps (Beeston N. Division).— Mrs. E. A. Paling to be Lady Divisional Superintendent as from 13.2.18. Hanley and District Corps.— Charles William Bradley to Ambulance Officer for Transport, 17.6.18. Denaby Main Corps (Askern Nursing Division).— Miss Florence Bellamy to be Nursing Officer, 14.6.18, vice Miss M. Elson resigned, 3.6.18. Mrs. Mary Jane Smith to be Nursing Officer, 15.6.18.

No. 6 D istr ict.

Friends (Newcastle) Nursing Division.— Elizabeth Brown to be Nursing Officer, 1.6.18. Dawdon Colliery Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. F. W. Squair resigns his appointment. West Hartlepool Nursing Division.— Mrs. Margaret Ann Strovor re-appointed Lady Divisional*Superintendent, 11.6.18, vice Mrs. Ada Lucy Coulson. Mrs. Ada Lucy Coulson to be Nursing Officer, 11.6.18. Murton Colliery Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. W. H. Gaunt resigns his appointment. N o. 8 D istr ict.

Hastings Corps (Hastings Nursing Division).— Mrs. Helena Harmer to be Nursing Officer, 20.6.18. Brighton and Hove Corps (Preston Nursing Division).— Miss Clara Mills to be Nursing Officer, 14.6.18. Amy L. Simmons to be Nursing Officer, 15.6.18. Temple Ewell Nursing Division.— Miss Olive Watson to be Nursing Officer, 14.6.18. N o . 12 D i s t r i c t .

Naas Nursing Division.- -Mrs. Mary Greer to be Nursing Officer, 6.6.18. D eaths.

The Chief Commissioner regrets to record the fol lowing deaths amongst Officers of the Brigade during the month of June :— No. 2. D F.

istr ict.

Oxford Corps (Woodstock Division).— Divisional Supt. T. Thorpe.

No. 8 D

istr ict.

Corps Officer Dr. E. C. Maguire.

The following sanctioned :— No. 1 D

istr ict

Ambulance

Division

has

been

( P r i n c e o f W a l e s C o r p s ).

Ambulance— No. 81 Kilburn Division, 1.6.18.

R oll

H onour.

During the month of June, notification has been re ceived of the death of the following Brigade members on Active Service:— Bailey, Pte. G. S., Hoyland, M.H.H.R. Bell, Pte. R. C., Clifton, Bristol, M.H.H.R. Bird, Pte. J., Pelton Colliery, M.H.H.R. Forster, 2nd Lieut. C., Scotswood, R.A.F. Greenwood, Pte. L., Manningham, M.H.H.R. Haslam, Pte. J. T., Blackburn, M.H.H.R. Hirst, Pte. J. S., Blackpool, M.H.H.R. Jennings, Pte. R., Murton Colliery, R.A.M.C. McConway, L.-Cpl. J., Newcastle (Western), M.H.H.R Parrin, Pte. S., Rochdale, M.H.H.R. Sykes, Pte. L., Armley, M.H.H.R. Skinner, Pte. A. W., Hull, M.H.H.R. Turney, Pte. W. J., Wing,JM.H.H.R.

July, 1918.

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

Young, Pte. C., Victoria Garesfield and Rowlands Gill, R.A.M.C.

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

Their M ajesties’ Silver Wedding.

St. John Ambulance Association (Territorial Branch):— Franklin, Pte. J., M.H.H.R. Keenan, Pte. W. J., M..H.H.R.

M il it a r y

D e c o r a t io n s .

Buzan, Pte., Dover Division, Military Medal.

Ministry of Labour, Employment Department, Queen Anne’s Chambers, Westminister, W.i Lady Ampthill, G.B.E., C.I., R.R.C., Joint Women’s V.A.D. Department, Devonshire House, Piccadilly, W.i. M a d a m ,—

B r ig a d e

r.N.

A u x il ia r y

S ic k

B erth

O r d e r s. R eser v e.

Recuits are still required for this Reserve. Brigade men up to 40 years of age, classified under the Ministry of National Service as Grade HI., and men between the ages of 40 and 50 as Grade II. and III., can be submitted to Deputy Commis sioners on Form S.B.R. 1 for immediate service in the Reserve, if accepted by the Admiralty. No.

13 ( U l s t e r ) D i s t r i c t .

The formation of No. 13 (Ulster) District, to consist of the Counties within the Province of Ulster, has been approved. The appointment of Sir Robert Kennedy, Bt., K.C.M.G., as Deputy Commissioner, has been sanctioned by H.R.H. The Grand Prior. No.

12 D i s t r i c t .

No. 12 District will in future comprise the Provinces of Munster, Leinster and Connaught. C e r t if ic a t e s r e c o g n is e d

fo r

A d m is s io n

B r ig a d e .

By resolution of the Chapter-General of the Order, the Certificates of the British Red Cross Society and the St. Andrew’s'Ambulance Association will in future be accepted as qualification for entry into the St. John Ambulance Brigade. Co u n ty

M e d ic a l

V o lu n teer

I am directed by the Minister of Labour to refer to the Women War Workers Procession of Homage to Buckingham Palace on the occasion of their Majesties’ Silver Wedding and to express his appreciative thanks for the assistance which the Joint Women’s V.A.D. Department gave to the Employment Department of the Ministry of Labour in organising the cere mony. The Minister feels that its dignity and impressiveness must be the subject of congratulation to all concerned, and more especially to the splendid body of women who formed the Procession and who represented many others engaged on war work of vital importance to this country and her allies. I am to enclose a copy of a letter addressed to the Minister by Lord Stamfordham expressing on behalf of the King and Queen the pleasure and satisfaction which they felt in receiving the Procession of Women War Workers. I am also to attach for the information of the Corps a copy of His Majesty’s reply to the Address of Homage. I am, Madam, Your obedient servant, (Signed) T. W. P h i l l i p s .

C o r ps.

Members of the Brigade not liable for Military service may, during the period of the war, enrol in a Volunteer Field Ambulance, nr Voluntary Ambulance Convoy of a County Medical Volunteer Corps, with the sanction of the DeputyCommissioner concerned. Applications for authority to enrol will be made in writing, through their Divisional Officer, or member in charge, to the Deputy Commissioner. In the case of a Division being asked by the Volunteer authorities of the County to form a Field Ambulance or Ambu lance Convoy, or a part thereof, the sanction of the Chief Com missioner will be necessary. Brigade men whose enrolment in a County Medical Vol unteer Corps has been authorised will be allowed to count efficient service in such corps as “ efficiency” under the Brigade Regulations for each complete year’s service during the period of the war.

The members of the Wellington South Nursing Division, N.Z , have successfully passed a high test in sig nalling, receiving certificates and congratulations on being the first squad to pass such an examination in Australasia. Enquiries from persons desirous of obtaining certifi cates are often addressed to Headquarters as to classes of instruction. It would be of great assistance to the Chief secretary if any of those who contemplate the formation of classes in First Aid, Home Nursing, Home Hygiene or sanitation, especially in London and the surrounding dis sects, would advise him of their intention as early as pas s' e. This would enable him to forward information to enquirers in time for them to apply to the Class Secretary or admission to the course of instruction.

Buckingham Palace, June 29th, 1918. The Rt. Hon. George H. Roberts, M.P., Minister of Labour. D

ear

. R

oberts

,—

The King desires me to assure you with what pleasure and satisfaction the Queen and he received the Women War Workers this afternoon. His Majesty considers the admirable parade reflected the highest credit alike on all who took part in the Procession and those responsible for its organisation. Their Majesties hope that no one suffered from undue fatigue and that the few cases of fainting in the ranks were not of a serious character. Yours very truly, (Signed) Stam fordham .

Copy o f H is M ajesty's reply to the Address o f Homage. The Queen and I heartily thank you for the Address to which we have listened with much interest and satisfaction. We are touched by the thought that the first expression of loyalty and devotion on the occasion of Our Silver Wedding should come from this representative body of women, who by their services have assisted the State in the full mobilisation of its man power. In our visits to various centres we have had opportunities of seeing and appreciating the great part which the women of our land are taking in all branches of war service ; and every where we have been filled with admiration at their achieve ments— an admiration which I believe to be shared by the whole nation. The Queen follows with deep interest every branch of women’s work and has constantly at heart the welfare of women and children. She is proud to be associated with the workers in her position of Commandant-in-Chief of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps, and it is a satisfaction to us both that our daughter is serving as a Commandant of a Voluntary Aid Detachment. The range of war work undertaken by women is well exemplified in your imposing procession. I understand tha

— F IR S T

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ST.

every woman in your respective units is a whole-time worker, engaged either in some work of national importance under a State Department or in some service of public utility under local authorities. When the history of our country’s share in the war is written, no chapter will be more remarkable than that relating to the range and extent of women’s participation. This service has been rendered only at the cost of much self-sacrifice and endurance. Women have readily worked for long hours and under trying conditions in our factories and elsewhere, to produce the supplies of munitions which were urgently needed at the front and to maintain the essential services of the country. As nurses and V.A.D. workers they have laboured in hos pital and dressing station for the care of the sick and wounded with even more than the accustomed devotion which has characterised our Red Cross service since the days of the Crimean War. They have often faced cheerfully and courageously great risks both at home and Overseas in carry ing on their work, and the Women’s Army has its own Roll of Honour of those who have lost their lives in the service of their country. Some even have fallen under the fire of the enemy. Of all these we think to-day with reverent pride. We should commemorate, too, the many acts of courage and self-sacrifice performed by women workers in the attempt to save life, and in other ways which appear in the lists of those to whom has been awarded the Medal of the Order of the British Empire. What has already been achieved must serve as a stimulus and a call to further effort. As the struggle in which we are engaged becomes more intense the need of the assistance of all the women of the country grows greater. In many branches of service— in Queen Mary’s Army Auxiliary Corps and the Land Army, to mention only two— more women are wanted and will be wanted. 1 trust this procession to-day will bring home to those who have not yet realised it, the country’s need of their help. I am confident that women and men alike are prepared to make every sacrifice to that end, and that, with God’s help, these sacrifices will not be made in vain. In the sure hope that your labours may soon have their reward in that decisive victory and enduring peace toward which we with all our brave Allies are ever striving, I wish you God speed, In that happy day it will be your proud satisfaction to feel that you have nobly shared in securing these priceless results.

Captain Peake, M .O , 20th County of London Volun teer Regiment, will shortly deliver a course of lectures on Military sanitation to the members of the ambulance section of tha£ regiment. The course of lectures will be free, and any Volunteer desirous of obtaining the St.John Certificate in this subject should apply to Sergt. Filmer, 26, Coningham-road, Shepherd’s Bush, W. J2. The first lecture will be given about the first Thursday in September. Mr. C. T. Kingzett, F.I.C., F.C.S., in presiding on the 3rd July, at the annual meeting of the “ Sanitas” Company, Ltd., congratulated the shareholders upon the satisfactory results of the year’s working.' The sales had exceeded those of any previous year, in consequence more particularly of increasing supplies of disinfectants to the various military and naval authorities and continued ex pansion of the export trade of the Company. An unusually large amount of working capital was locked up in stocks of raw material and other materials necessary for the Com pany’s manufactures, and he looked forward with con fidence to the continued prosperity of the business, which had now completed a successful career of 40 years. A balance dividend of 4J- per cent., making, with the interim dividend of 3 I per cent, already paid, a total distribution of 8 per cent, for the year, was declared.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

The

St.

G A ZE TT E. —

John Ambulance Hospital.

history of events since the

T he

July, 1918.

Brigade

18th May, which

has

brought to a close the first chapter of the life of an insti tution which may safely be said to be “ second to none” of its type in France, would be read with mixed feelings of pride and sorrow, admiration and disgust by all who are in any way connected with the St. John Ambulance Bri gade Hospital at Etaples. It is unfortunate, therefore, that it is not permissible to give a full account of the damage done by enemy aircraft to the hospital, or of the splendid behaviour and devotion to duty on the part of Colonel Trimble and the staff of the hospital. It is im possible to speak too highly of their courage and coolness in the face of so trying an ordeal, and it is indeed gratify ing to learn that some of them have been rewarded for their gallantry. The loss of life amongst the patients, nurses and orderlies is lamentable, and the wanton destruction of buildings erected to alleviate the sufferings brought about by war can only be looked upon as yet one more barbarous act of a cruel and ruthless enemy, who knows not the meaning of the words Honour and Humanity, and who observes no laws. The undamaged parts of the buildings have now been removed to an area removed from the fighting zone, and it is hoped that in a very short space of time they will again be ministering to the care of the sick and wounded, thereby beginning the second chapter of a wonderful record.

a r r a g h e e n

.—

“ Carragheen ” is the gaelic for sea

weed (chondrus crispus) which coast of Scotland and in known as “ Irish moss.”

is abundant on the west

Ireland,

where

variety is

For generations it has been used

■in the highlands cooked with milk.

Mrs. Maitland Mal

colm, a member of the Surrey 48 V.A.D. when working in a military hospital in Malta, found the gelatine supplied was so inferior that she sent for some carragheen from Scot land and used it as a substitute most successfully. On her return from Malta she made experiments to eliminate taste of seaweed, after a year brought specimens of jellies, etc,, to the Food Production Department, where the matter was taken up by the Hon. Assistant Director of Horticulture (Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil). Samples were submitted to both St. Tnomas and the London hospitals, where they were thoroughly tested and highly approved. An arrangement has been made with Sir Arthur Stanley to enable Mrs. Malcolm to open a depot for the sale of Car ragheen, and an organisation for the voluntary collection of seaweed on the English and Welsh coasts is being made by the Food Production Department. A book of direc tions and recipes can be obtained from Mrs. Malcolm, and orders for Carragheen should be sent to th Carragheen Depot, 8, Exhibition-road, South Kensington, S.W. 7. The price is 2s. a pound, carriage paid, including the book of directions. This gelatine substitute has been highly recommended by Sir Henry Thompson, Scientific Advisor to the Ministry of Food. It will be readily seen what a help this substitute will prove in providing nourishing and pleasant articles of diet for our sick and wounded, especially at the present time when good gelatine (now 7s. 6d. a lb.) is scarce and rising in price.

July, 1918,

— FIRST

AID

& THE

ST.

JOHN

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order , St. fohn's Gate , Clerkenwell , London , E .C ., fu ly gth , iq r8 . The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :—

A s K nights of G ra ce: Major-General Robert Arundel Kerr Montgomery, C.B., D.S.O. Robert Septimus Gardiner. John Caldwell Uhthoff, M.D. (from Honorary Serving Brother). Major John Murray Reddie, C.B. Edward Ansell. Ernest Bruce Charles, K.C.

A s Ladies o f G ra ce: Katharine, the Hon. Mrs.- Corbet. Marie Carola, Lady Galway. Emily Colby, Lady Perley.

A s Esquires : Lieut. Andrew Edmund James Clark, M.C., R.A. Frederick John Coward (f-iom Honorary Serving Brother).

A s Honorary Serving Brothers : Captain Michael Patrick Leahy, R.A.M.C. Henry William Hipwell. Edward Brownfield Wain. Frank Ernest Buckley. Charles John Adams.

A s Honorary Serving Sisters : Mary Ashlin, Miss Thomas. Elsie Clotilda, Miss Smedley. Winifred, Miss Noble. Georgina, Miss Skinner. Elizabeth, Mrs. Taylor.

B or E nrolm ent as Honorary Associates : Major Ebenezer Teichelmann, M.R.C.S., N.Z.M.C. Anthony John Capper Magian, M.D., B.Ch., F.R.G.S. Lieut.-Colonel John Archibald Turnbull, D.S.O., R.A.M.C. Captain Sir Henry Dennis Readett-Bayley, K.B.E. Major Edward Harman Hicks, R.A.M.C. John Frederick Arlidge. L.R.C.P. & S. Herbert Llewellyn Rutter, M.D., F.R.C.S.

St. John’s Day. Anniversary Service and General Assembly o f the Order were held on Tuesday, June 25th, being within the Octave of St. John Baptist’s Day. Holy Communion was celebrated at 8.30 a.m. in the Chapel of the Order in the Crypt of the Grand Priory Church, and a short service, at which the Grand Prior was present, was held at 2.30 in the church. His Royal High ness was received at the entrance by the Sub-Prior, the Executive Officers of the Order and Churchwardens, and was conducted to his seat in the sanctuary. The sermon was preached by the Archdeacon of Westminster, Dr. E. H. Pearce, who took as his text an ancient indenture pre served at Westminster Abbey, whereby the Order under T he

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

took to help the Carthusian monks to obtain a water sup ply, in return for which the Carthusians covenanted that on their deaths the names of the Prior of St. John and his brethren should be inscribed in the Charterhouse Book of Remembrance to be ever remembered in the prajers of monks. In explaining the reason for taking this deed as his text, the preacher remarked that the deed was sealed at the house of the Order in Clerkenwell on July 19th, 1431 — a time of great crisis, three weeks after the maid of Or leans had been burned at the stake in Rouen by the Eng lish, who were then heavily engaged in France against the French, and were steadily losing ground. T he preacher continued : “ In the midst of such a time as that, they that feared the Lord met here on this spot in the same quiet, confident, prayerful faith that keeps our hearts pulsing steadily at this grave hour of European destiny, and the one part said : ‘ Your water shall be secure ’; and the other side said : ‘ Our prayers for you shall never fail.’ The present Order of St. John, following the old Hospitaller Order, with whom the care of the body— its food, its cleansing, its recovery from sickness— was a passion, but who were at the same time the champions of the Cross of Christ, stood by their two mottoes taken together— inseparable expressions of one undivided pur pose ‘ Pro Fide; Pro Utilitate Hominum.’ ” The choral part of the service was rendered by the gentlemen and children of the Chapels Royal under the direction of Dr. C. H. Lloyd. The General Assembly was afterwards held in the Chapter Hall at St. John’s Gate, the Grand Prior pre siding. His Royal Highness first addressed the meeting, and said :— It is a source of great satisfaction to myself to be able to congratulate all the members of the Order on the excel lent work they continue to do. I am particularly happy to think that the Order of St. John and the Red Cross Society have combined in working steadily for the good of our sick and wounded soldiers and sailors. Since your last meeting it has been my great pleasure and of great advantage to me to have recently visited Egypt and to be able to hear for myself of the work which has been done there in our Ophthalmic Hospital previous to its destruction by the Turks. I went over the building myself, portions of which are still perfectly intact, although I regret that others are destroyed. The matter has been carefully gone into, and Sir Courtauld Thomson has recommended that we should spend ^3,000 on reconstruct ing the buildings so far as to make them perfectly usable and enable us to carry on the work that has been done in the past. It will interest you all to know that it is the only Ophthalmic Hospital in that part of the world that has done a great deal of most necessary and useful work, and that its present loss is very much felt. I feel certain that the whole of the Order would wish this most useful hospital to be so far at least reconstructed as to enable the good work to be continued. You are aware that at my special request sanction was given to the Order of St. John being conferred upon General Sir Edmund Allenby as a special honour for the British General who had taken Palestine from the Turks, and he was decorated by your Grand Prior in Jerusalem. I think the circumstances were unique, and I felt very proud to have the great honour of decorating our General, who has covered himself with glory in Palestine. Ladies and Gentlemen, I do not know that there is any thing further that I can tell you, but I would like to thank Sir John Rogers for the excellent work he has done in Egypt and Palestine for the Red Cross and St. John.

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

I should also like to mention that I hope you are all very proud of the excellent work done by our St. John members on the occasion of the air raids. They have been exposed to considerable danger themselves and they have carried out their work with great efficiency and great gallantry, and I would like you to show your appreciation of these splendid workers, many of whom formed the Guard of Honour outside to-day. I have to thank you for attending in so large a number to-day and for the support you give to the Grand Prior and the Order on such occasions. The Secretary-General made a report on the work of the Order during the year, making special allusions to the St. John Ambulance Brigade Hospital, in France, and the British Ophthalmic Hospital, in Jerusalem. The proceedings terminated with a resolution of thanks from the Sub-Prior to the Grand-Prior for presiding, and to Archdeacon Pearce for preaching.

New Lantern Lecture Given by Ambulance Officer Hanmer. T h e title of the lecture is “ Nature as a First Aider,” and it is based on an article with the same title, by Mr. W. R.

Edwards, which appeared in the “ St Gazette” in May, 1916.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

G A ZE TT E. —

July, 1918.

perature under various climatic conditions, introducing a small amount of the science of physics. The lecture terminates with a caution against hurrying Nature, the last slide of all illustrating Nature’s sovereign remedy. It will no doubt be remarked after reading the out line of the lecture that the methods of illustrating the art of first aid differ very materially from the plan adopted in the text-book. In the preparation of the lecture by the author of the article on which it is based, it was borne in mind that what is suitable for a syllabus of a course of lectures and pracT tical instruction is not necessarily the best way of lecturing with the aid of lantern slides. In the latter case thelec turer is quite free from the feeling that he is preparinghis audience according to a syllabus, and can allow himself a wider scope than if he had in his mind the questions which an examiner would be likely to set. Accordingly, matters which do not directly bear on first aid as practised have been introduced; in fact, some of the slides have atfirst sight no apparent connection withthe subject, and it is not until their significance is explained that anyone would imagine they could possibly belong to a first aid lecture. Many opportunities will be provided by Mr. Hanmer to those who wish to hear the lecture, and it is much hoped that it will be found alike interesting, novel and instruc tive.

John Ambulance

The principal objects of the lecture are to explain; firstly, Nature’s equipment for the preservation of our bodies in the struggle for existence, whether by prevention, warnings of danger, or remedies for damage actually done, and, secondly, how the first aider can best assist Nature in her efforts. T he lecturer begins by showing the value of resource fulness in bygone ages and affords examples, taken from tne early days of the human race on earth, illustrating a few of the fundamental principles which underlie the present practice of first aid. After this introduction is given a brief outline of the human body showing how its various parts are built up, and how admirably they are adapted for the purposes they have to perform. X-Ray pictures are shown illustrating fractures and their repair— imperfectly when Nature’s efforts are unaided, and perfectly with the surgeon’s help. An example is also given of Nature’s efforts going too far. The uses of hremorrhage are shortly demonstrated, while much importance is attached to the blood-clot which is looked upon as perhaps the most net essary part of Nature’s first aid equipment, serving as it does the double purpose of keeping blood in a wounded blood vessel and keeping out harmful germs. The subject of infection by germs and other septic matter invading the body through wounds or other ways, is dealt with. In this connection many very interesting slides of artistic uierit are introduced. The circulation of the blood is very briefly explained and the lymphatic system, which is not mentioned in the official text book, receives notice. The necessity for fighting flies, which are regarded as amongst Nature’s most powtrful enemies, is shown, three slides being devoted to this purpose. Nature’s methods of dealing with unwelcome intruders are illustrated in a novel way. Attention is paid to the regulation of the body tem

S e t te r s

the

S d ito r .

We are in no w a y responsible fo r the opinions expressed , or the statem ents m ade , by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

FIRST

A ID

LIBRARY.

R e First Aid Library. I herewith suggest a few more books which I think should be useful to anyone study ing the historical side of first aid. In the first place W. H. Fincham’s history contains a bibliography of works relating to the Order of St. John. Others are :— “ In Peace and War, Autobiographical Sketches,” by Sir John Furley (Smith, Elder & Co). “ Life of Florence Nightingale,” by Sir Ed. Cook. “ Florence Nightingale to her Nurses,” addresses to her probationers (McMillan). “ The 7 z>tt«-History of the War in South Africa” contains a good account of the medical service in that campaign, includ ing a short note of the S.J.A.B. Many books of personal experience of medical work in the present war have already appeared, most of them have been reviewed in F i r s t A i d . Thekla Bower’s (Hon. Serving Sister) is the most comprehensive and should certainly be in cluded along with “Six Lectures to St. John V.A.D. Members” (Cornish Bros.), by the same authoress. I should be giad to hear from anyone who has a copy of “ Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem,” by Bedford and Holbeche, for disposal, for my own library.— Yours, &c., D e a r S ir ,—

“ M

an ch ester

.”

At Newton Abbott Ambulance Hall, on the 17th inst., a tablet was unveiled to the memory of the late Dr. R. H. Grimbly, O.B.E.,

the founder of the local corps of the

St. John Ambulance Brigade, which is one of the strongest in the country. The unveiling ceremony was performed by Mr. G D. Woollcombe.

— F I R S T

July, 191& CO N T E N T S E

d it o r ia l

TH IS

ist r ic t

meanwhile hindering prompt medical

The enhanced value of knowing what is best to

do “ till the doctor comes ” was referred to by Sir Thomas

epo rts

...

Barlow, who presided at the sixth of the series of lectures on first aid at the College of Ambulance (3, Vere-street,

—

No. 1 ; No. 3 ...

...

London, W.) on June 20th.

...

himself, he added that the examination of the ear and the

St . Jo

h n ’s

m bu lan ce

Official Brigade News

a ze tt e

...

Their Majesties Silver Wedding...

...

St. John Ambulance Brigade Hospital

...

6 7

St. John’s D a y ...

...

Letter

th e

d it o r

First Aid Library Brevities

...

Railway Ambulance

o in ts

To know what is the matter, how to

the urgent need. + *

h e

lecturer, Dr. Herbert Tilley, surgeon to the Ear

and Throat Department of University College Hospital, after sketching the anatomy of the ear, nose and throat, dwelt on the serious after-effects of neglect in treating the

—

...

A New Design of Ford Ambulance Body P

...

given by Ambulance ... ... ...

Alteration in Revised Textbook

a c t ic a l

...

medical education.

examine, and what are signs of disease are a large part of

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... ...

With regard to the doctor

treatment of ear troubles was a patent defect in present-day

—

...

New Ambulance Lecture Officer Hanmer ...

—

many accidents and diseases to which these parts of the body are liable.

He went on to show how efficient first aid

can be rendered.

the same time

audience to call in medical aid

especially in cases of sore throat in a sign— as Colonel Hunter had

warned his

soon as possible, children,

already

a previous lecture— of infectious

A Rare Complicated Accident

attention.

No. 4 No. 5; No. 11 he

dearth of doctors

N U M B ER .

—

The Importance of First Aid D

AID. —

so often

emphasised

fever.

illustrated

...

the

Old-Time Method of Transport ...

...

by citing four cases from his personal experience of the

...

of a light scratch on the nose.

u e r ie s

an d

n sw ers

o r r espo n d en ts

Treatment of Sprained Ankle Contents of First Aid Outfit

... ...

...

Effects of Apoplexy

...

neglecting even the most trivial

accident

past twelve months, in which death was the result simply

—

Treatment of Burst Varicose Vein ...

risk

* * * T

h e

triennial appointments to the Executive offices,

Council, and Committees of the Order of St. John of Jeru salem in England took place

Brevities.

tist’s Day.

St.

John

the

Bap

The Duke of Connaught as Grand Prior made

the following nominations : The Earl of Plymouth, SubPrior ; Sir John P. Hewett, as Chancellor, to succeed Sir

to the large demand for reprints of the article

Herbert Jekyli, who has resigned owing to residence out of

on “ Alterations in Revised Textbook,” by Dr. N. Corbet

London ; the Hon. Evelyn Cecil, M.P., Secretary-General;

w in g

Fletcher, the first instalment of which appeared in our last

Mr. F. W. Pixley, Receiver-General ; The Earl of R^n-

issue, we have decided to reprint the article, as soon as it

furley,

is completed, in pamphlet form, at 2d. per copy, postage

Courtauld Thomson, Chairman of the British Ophthalmic

extra.

Hospital,

Readers desirous of obtaining copies should apply

Director

the

Ambulance

Jerusalem Co mmittee; Sir

Department; Dyce

to the publishers, Dale, Reynolds & Co. Ltd., 46, Cannon-

Almoner; Lord Claud Hamilton, M.P.,

street, London, E C 4.

Edmund * * *

Fraser,

Librarian;

Sir

Genealogist and Director of Ceremonies.

Duckworth,

Registrar;

Alfred

Sir

Mr.

Scott-Gatty,

The

following

members of the Council reappointed : Sir Herbert Perrott,

have in this issue a new feature— “ Official Brigade

Sir John Furley, Major-General J. C. Dalton, Lord William

News.” This is an official page, giving a list of promotions,

Cecil, Sir Richard Temple, Sir James R. A. Clark, In

etc., in the Brigade.

It will be a regular feature, and we

hope will be of use to our readers.

spector-General Belgrave Ninnis, Sir Owen Phillips, M.P., Sir William Bennett and Sir Mackenzie Chalmers.

The

new nominations to the Council were the Earl of DonoughV

more. Sir William Goschen, and Viscount Chilston.

* *

I t may well be that for many yeari after peace is pro claimed the general standard of health will be lowered by the aftermath of war.

The common accidents of life will

H .R .H .

h e

u k e

o f

o n n a u g h t

Grand Prior, Sir

James Clark and Sir Murvey Malcom, visited the Waltham

tend to increase at the same time that the speeding-up in

stow Ambulance Station this month.

factories intensifies the liability of industrial mishap, the

appear in our next issue.

full report will

— FIRST

J ta ilw a g

J lm b u la n c e .

L. & Y .R .— Mr. Tucker, whose name appeared in the recent Birthday Honours as having been made a Member of the Order of the British Empire, is the Commandant of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Voluntary Aid De tachment at Liverpool (West Lancashire No. 7). This detachment has rendered a great amount of voluntary service since the outbreak of war, and the mem bers have taken duty on 330 occasions when ambulance trains have arrived at Liverpool, and transferred from the trains to motor ambulances upwards of 60,000 wounded soldiers. Mr. Tucker has a long period of ambulance service to his credit and has given up a great amount of time in organising classes and helping forward the ambulance movement in the Liverpool district. He has for the last

July, 1918.

AID.—

captained the Yorkshire and Lancashire Company’s ambu lance team which won the Inter-Railway Shield at the Portman Rooms, London, in 1914, has recently been killed whilst on Active Service in France. Mr. Murphy, who saw service in the South African War, rejoined the Forces im mediately on the outbreak of war, and had won the Dis tinguished Conduct Medal during the present campaign and promoted to the rank of Battery Sergeant-Major.

Alterations

Revised

Textbook.

B y N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B.. B.A., B.C., Cantab., M.R.C.S., Eng.

Hon. Associate Order o f St. fo h n ; Hon. Surgeon St. John Ambulance Brigade. ( Concluded from page 18 6 .) Page 1 1 8 . — In the description of the Abdominal Organs (1) the stomach is now located “ just below the breastbone towards the left side ” ; (2) the pancreas is named here and on p. 120 ; (3) the kidneys are placed “ one at each side,” and (4) the bladder is situate “ to the front ” in the pelvis. The treatment of Wounds of Abomen is modified. Thus, (1) i f bowel protrudes the lint, towel, etc., must be “ wrung out of boiling water every two or three minutes (an unfor tunate incentive to Meddlesome First A i d ) ; (2) if bowel does not protrude instructions are given to “ treat as ordi nary wound.” Page 1 2 1 . — For Injury to Kidneys, etc., cold is now recommended in place of heat. For Rupture, “ a pillow under the knees ” replaces the previous raising of buttocks. C

h a pter

(In

se n sib il it y

Page 12j . — The descriptions of Brain and Spinal Cord

J. T

ucker

B.E.

fifteen years been the Secretary of the Liverpool Division of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association, and in addition has been the Superintendent of the Bootle Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade since 1907. Mr. Tucker is well known to the frequenters of the Inter-Railway Competitions conducted by the St. John Association at the Portman Rooms, London, having cap tained the Lancashire and Yorkshire team which won the Inter-Railway Shield in 1906 and 1908, whilst he acted as instructor to the L. & Y. team which secured the Shield in 1914. He was elected as Honorary Serving Brother of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England in 1910. We regret to record that Mr. James Murphy, who

have been— the former entirely, the latter partially— re written. Page 124..— The epiglottis is now described as a “ flap,” and attention is directed to the fact that inter ference therewith during insensibility— either by “ solids or fluids” or by “ the falling backward of the tongue”— will cause choking or obstruction of air-passages. Page 1 2 5 . — In the description of Respiration, “ en largement and diminution of chest cavity ” is substituted for the old “ expansion and contraction of the chest.” Pages 12 J -150 .— The most noteworthy alterations in the Textbook occur in the pages dealing with Insensibility,which have been completely re-written, Asphyxia and its treatment being no longer described separately. Thus (1) three grades of Insensibility are recognised— sleep, stupor and coma; (2) the re-actions of the pupils are set o u t ; (3) the objects of treatment are definitely stated— “ to ensure action of heart and lungs ” and “ to prevent stupor from deepening into coma ” ; (4) the various causes of Insensi bility have been (with advantage) re-arranged and collected into groups presenting similar signs and symptoms; (5) the rules of treatment have been divided into four sections— “ for all cases ii., “ when breathing is absent Hi,, “ when there are no convulsions,” and iv., “ when convulsions are present.” Passes 128-130 .— For treatment of Insensibility— in all cases— the old General Rules apply with certain modifica tions . Thus (1) Rule No. 5 directs special attention to p atient (for signs of injury), and to surroundings (for possible clues); (2) Rule No. 10 deals with the return to

July, 1918.

— FIRST

consciousness and emphasises the need for sleep (except in narcotic poisoning) and for warm drinks (except for haemorrhage). The last named warning is badly given and will create the impression that a ll drinks (cold or warm) must be withheld with haemorrhage. Pages 130 1 3 5 .— For treatment of Insensibility— when breathing is absent— the Rules are amplified, useful warn ings being given (1) that death is not necessarily present because “ signs of life are absent,” and (2) that attention to the breathing includes the air-passages, pressure on chest and abundance of pure air. Stings of insects are added as a cause of Swelling of Tissues of throat, in the treatment of which a recumbent (in place of a sitting) position is now recommended. Smothering and the effects of Lightning are completely omitted, while the first step in the treatment of Choking is to “ thump t h e . back hard between the shoulder blades.” For Suffocation by smoke, etc., attention is direction to “ heavier than air” gases (e.g., petrol) with the consequent advice to the rescuing First Aider to assume and “ move in an upright position.” Page 1 3 3 .— With regard to Artificial Respiration, cer tain alterations are made. Thus (r) the various methods are not, as in previous editions, scattered here and there but are collected together ; (2) three methods only (Schaefer, Silvester and Laborde) are described with precise particulars as to timing of each, the others (Howard and MarshallHall) being discarded; (3) alternation of method (Schaefer followed by Silvester ,‘ for 10 minutes”) is now advised instead of the previous combination ot mtthods (e.g., Silvester and Howard). For Schaefer’s Method new and much improved illustrations (Figs. 56 and 57) are presented and useful hints are given (1) for turning an unconscious patient from a supine to a prone position and (2) for changing the method of artificial respiration immediately signs of congestion appear in the patient’s face. Unfor tunately, however, Dr. Schaefer’s instructions “ to make no attempt to loosen or remove clothing ” are omitted ; and his advice to place the hands on the loins is now incorrectly given as “ on the lowest ribs.” Pages 1 4 1 -14 4 .— For treatment of Insensibility with no convulsions— some important alterations are made. Thus (i)the dangers of Concussion are emphasised by a valuable new paragraph (p. 142); (2) Shock, Syncope and Collapse are accurately scheduled and rendered easy of comprehension by contrast with former editions ; (3) the treatment of Syncope, secondary to haemorrhage, is fully dis cussed (p. 144); and (4) the peculiar dangers of stimulation are clearly set out. Page 1 4 5 .— The treatment of Apoplexy and Com pression is enlarged. Thus (1) the continuous application of cold to the head is advised as supplementary to warmth to b od y; and (2) the need for complete rest is urged. The particular effects of Sunstroke and Heatstroke are more fully described and treatment differs in that administration of cold drinks is not specifically mentioned. Page 14 3 .— The treatment of Insensibility “ with convulsions” is considerably improved, partly because (1) the causes are tabulated, and partly because (2) definite rules are laid down with clear indications as to possible causation, though “ Epilepsy ” (p. 148) is a palpable mis print for Apoplexy. The maximum period for a bath is said to be 15-20 minutes and the partial loss of conscious ness in Hysteria emphasised. C h a p t e r VI. ( P o i s o n i n g ). Page 13 2 .— The Non-Corrosive poisons are now labelled as Narcotics, Convulsants and Irritants. T o the old list of Narcotics are added Chloral, Veronal, Sulphonal and Trionai.

AID.

Page 1 3 4 . — In treatment of Poisoning by Non-Corro sives some minor alterations are made. Thus (1) mustard and salt are the only emetics named ; (2) their doses are doubled ; (3) the fingers (two must be used) are now only re commended as supplementary method, while (4) the feather and Ipecacuanha wine are omitted altogether. In treat ment of Poisoning by Corrosives (1) the doses of antidotes are now stated; (2) the advice to wash out mouth (before allowing patient to swallow) is most unfortunately withheld ; (3) the use of soda as antidote for corrosive acid is with drawn and with it warning of its special danger if used in Oxalic Acid poisoning. In treatment of Poisoning by Opium— Permanganate of Potash and Condy’s Fluid are specified as the correct antidotes and their doses are given. Page 13 6 .— Cyanide of Potassium is now bracketted with Prussic Acid, for which an emetic (when possible) is unfortunately not specifically recommended, though it is advised to “ give alcoholic stimulants freely ” — a note worthy exception to the Principles of First Aid. Page 138 . — Corrosive Sublimate and Iodine receive brief notices among the special poisons. C h a p t e r V III. ( M e t h o d s o f C a r r y i n g ). Page 1 3 6 . — For the Two-Handed Seat, interlocking of the flexed fingers is now the only method recommended, and a warning is issued that the bearers should hold “ a folded handkerchief to prevent hurting by finger nails.” The modification of this seat— known as the “ Human Stretcher— is included and fully described. Paoe 168 . — For the Three-Handed Seat the bearer must now “ grasp his own forearm,” instead of his wrist This change does not apply to the Four-Handed Seat. Pages 172 seq.— Stretcher Exercises are now included under “ Methods of Carrying.” The weight of the ordi nary stretcher is now given as 21-22 lbs.; traverse bars are described as “ traversers,” and foot wheels as “ runners” ; and the pillow sack is more fully explained. Pages \ j8 seq.— The 3 and 4-Bearer Stretcher exer cises are now exactly in accordance with R .A .M .C. and Brigade Orders, and three new illustrations (Figs. 83, 84 and 85) are introduced. The modified 3-Bearer and the 6-Bearer Exercises are omitted and the old term “ wagon ” is replaced by its modern equivalent— “ ambulance.” C h a p t e r IX. ( F o r F e m a l e s ). Excepting that the instructions which deal with “ lifting into b e d ” are transferred to Chapter V I I I , and that reference to “ the human stretcher ” is included, this Chapter is unaltered. Pages 210 2 1 9 .— An appendix describing the Roller Bandage is included, though it is definitely stated that this bandage is outside the Syllabus of Instruction in First Aid. F

in is

A New Design of Ford Ambulauce Body. By

H. L A N G L E Y JON ES.

T h e chassis is by Ford, the body being butlt to my own design by P. Morgan, of Prittlewell. In constructing the body, the following requirements have been borne in mind :— (1) The use of the vehicle for accident cases occurring in the borough. (2) The transport of invalids to Hospitals and Nursing Homes.

— FIRST

AID.—

July, 1918

(3) For Naval and Military work when loaned to the into the ambulance, although plenty of fresh air is admitted V.A.D. to the interior. A t the side of the blanket cupboard is a stretcher cup As will be seen from the photograph of the interior, board running the full length of the vehicle, and containing the frames or shelves for holding the stretchers are posi a spare stretcher. tioned towards the off side, so that there is a gangway Each of the frames or shelves are designed to take through the vehicle on the near side for an attendant, either a Furley or a R .A .M .C. stretcher or a Naval cot. with clear access for attention to the patient on either frame. The change from stretcher to cot can be made in a moment. The stretchers are retained by wooden stop blocks and When required for one stretcher case only, the upper straps, and the Naval cot by a stop block and an iron frame may be removed, thus giving even more room for safety pin. the patient and for the attendant, and also enabling Spare parts, Stepney wheel, tools, inner tube, etc., are a patient to be loaded in a sitting position if required. carried, as it is desirable to have these immediately at hand The stretcher runners are so placed that there is suffi for long runs and night journeys, in case of an accident cient space on the off side for the attendant to place one when a garage is not available. foot on that side of the vehicle and one in the gang The side lamps burn oil, and the head lamps are way thus standing astride) and lift the patient if neces sary. electric. The exterior of the body is covered with grey

There is a spring seat for the attendant in the gang way. On the wall of ths vehicle is a first aid cabinet con taining all the usual appliances, and along side it a water bottle which might be needed in an accident case, and long femur splints are strapped to the side of the vehicle. The interior is lighted at night by a small electric la m p ; there is thus no danger of fire as in the case of oil or acetylene lamps. A cupboard in the well of the vehicle is used to con tain spare motor parts. T he number plate at the rear is fixed to the flap of a cupboard in which are stored several blankets and a ground sheet, also a half-back curtain for the vehicle; the latter can be fixed in place of the ordinary back curtain, so that air is admitted to the vehicle on a long journey, and dust from the wheels and fumes from the exhaust are not drawn

waterproof material on which white panels are painted, with black lettering, and the St. John device on a metal moveable plate, interchangeable with a Red Cross plate when required for V.A.D. work. The sides up to a good height are all wood covered with “ Rexine.” The interior is enamelled white. When required on V.A.D. work for sitting cases, both frames are removed, and cushions installed giving accom modation for four patients who enter the vehicle from the driver’s seat. It should be mentioned that in the choice of a Ford, the necessity for a chassis which could be learned and handled easily by voluntary men had to be borne in mind, as it is necessary in such work to have a number of drivers available in order that a successful service might be main tained. It is extremely difficulty to obtain drivers with a knowledge of the more expensive chassis, whereas there are

—FIRST

July, 1918

any number of men already acquainted with the Ford, and a few lessons ensures competence.

AID -

A S K

p r a c tic a l J o in ts . The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with, special reference to gooa and bad boints in Treatment—for inclusion in this Column. O

l d

-T im

eth ods

r a n spo r t

The problem of transport which is only now being solved in its entirety was— previous to the introduction of the Furley stretcher by the St. John Ambulance Association— cruelly neglected. Your readers may, therefore, be interested to hear of an incident which occurred in 1876, and is reported in the biography of the late Dr. Robert Anderson. On this occasion a miner, who had sustained a compound fracture of the lee, was being carried on a hurdle over rough roads, shoulder high, by four men who were not marching in

0 U R

C H E M I

SEPTIC WOUNDS Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid healing. For inflamed conditions I O D E X is ideal. Try it. All good chemists stock it.

11 j

1 £5

REGULARLY H .M. F l e e t .S u rg e o n s, R .A .M .C . Surgeons, Red C ross Surgeons, Croix R ouge F rancaise,

M E N L E Y

USED

BY>:—

B e l g i a n F i e ld H ospitals, F r e n c h F ie ld Hospitals, N u m erou s M ilitary H o s p it a ls , M e m b e r s of S t . John A m b u lan ce .

J A M E S ,

L td .,

39, Farringdon Road, LONDON, E.C.1. Contractors to H.M. Governvient.

U n if o r m s

a n d

E q u i p m e n t I

n te r io r

ie w

ord

m bu la n ce

step, either broken or military. The screams and groans of the injured man were dreadful to hear. The surgeon protested and appealed to the men to handle and carry the patient more gently. Further, he pointed out that, if they would follow his irections in marching, it would be easier for their patient. Instead of complying with these kindly meant instructions, the men indignantly resented interference, and one remarked, Does he think that we are d d sodgers ?”— F. A., Canon-

ar e

o m p l ic a t e d

ccid en t

An old man fell from a tree and sustained slight concussion ot brain and fracture of right collarbone. No further injury was discovered by the doctors in charge. Removed to his ouse, the patient was placed in bed and warned against any attempts to move. Next day he was apparently making a good

Vast modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish —at prices that challenge compari son with an y other clothing of equal quality. Prices and Samples on request.

16,

N IL E S T R E E T , C ITY ROAD, LONDON, N . 1., and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M IL LER S T R E E T , G LA SG O W .

— FIRST

recovery. On the following day, however (when nobody was present), he got up from bed and was later discovered in a state of profound Collapse, to which he almost immediately succumbed and before medical aid could be summoned. At the Coroner’s Inquest it was shown that, in addition to the fractured collarbone, the patient had broken four ribs on the same side ; that the muscular strain involved in getting up had displaced the fragments of the broken ribs ; and that these had consequently nipped and torn several of the arteries beneath the ribs, with the result that the patient died from Collapse due to internal haemorrhage. N.B.— The interesting points of this case are (1) the diffi culty of demonstrating in all cases the presence of fractured ribs ; (2) the unusual and delayed complication of tearing the inter-costal arteries without injury to lung tissue ; and (3) the involvement of several arteries which produced the same results as would follow rupture of a main artery (e.g., femoral)— aggra vated in this case lay the age of the patient and the effects of recent Shock associated with the accident.— B. W. T., Peter borough.

Q u eries

and

.A n s w e r s

C o rresp o n d en ts. Queries will be dealt with under the following rules:— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana comer of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E.C. 2.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. 7.— The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns,

is the Revised (1917) Edition of S.J.A.A. Manual of First-Aid. T

r ea tm en t

p r a in e d

n k l e

In First Aid we aim at prevention of aggravation (rather than at treatment) of the injury. How would removal of the boot facilitate this object ? No— the advantages of leaving the boot in position with a Sprained Ankle out-of-doors are (1) limitation o f swelling which will almost certainly follow, and which will be restricted by pressure of boot ; (2) protection from exposure (and possible aggravation) while the boot is being removed and the precise nature of the injury is being settled— often a very difficult matter with injured joints ; and (3) avoid ance o f delay (incidental to taking off and replacing boot) in removal of patient to shelter and doctor. For these reasons we apply the bandage over the boot.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r . o n ten ts

ir st

u t f it

July, 1918.

large enough for any Ambulance Hamper. For further par ticulars refer to article on “ First Aid Outfits” published in issues of January and February, 1917.— N. C. F.

r ea tm en t

u r st

ar ic o se

e in

P. C. (Sydney, N.S.W.).— With a burst varicose vein, is liga ture of the vein necessary subsequent to First Aid treat ment, or will the vein repair itself without a surgical operation ? Under medical treatment the vein will usually quickly heal, and the only indication for an operation would be the advis ability of radical cure by excision of the varicose vein, which is so often complicated by the development of an ulcer. In many instances the bursting of the vein is the sequel of this ulcera tion, and the First Aider has to treat as a wound with haemorr hage.— N. C. F. E

ffects

p o p le x y

M. W. (Selkirk).— In Apoplexy, how does Nature repair the damage caused by the ruptured blood vessel ? Since there is a hole in the vessel, why does not blood keep {louring out ? Everything depends on the size of the vessel and the quantity of blood extravasated. Sometimes cases of Apoplexy do become steadily and progressively worse until a fatal issue results. In these cases the blood continues to pour out and to plough up the brain substance. In most cases, however, the vessel is a small one, while the escaping blood is small in quantity and forms a blood clot which (1) blocks the opening in the vessel, (2) prevents further loss of blood and consequent raising of pressure within the brain, and (3)promotes healingoi the vessel. In due course the blood clot is absorbed, chiefly through the activity of the white corpuscles of the blood. For this reason the patient may or may not be unconscious in Apoplexy.— N. C. F.

(Sydney, N.S.W.).— With a Sprained Ankle out of doors, why is application of tight bandage over the boot advo cated ? Would it not be better to remove the boot first ?

AID. —

M. L. (Manchester).— We have just purchased a large Ambu lance Hamper from Headquarters, mainly for use in Air Raids. It is supplied with Tinct. Iodine, Sal Volatile and Boric Acid in bottles, together with one 4-ounce and three 8-ounce empty bottles. We shall be much obliged if you will advise what would be the most useful to carry in these bottles, taking into consideration the purpose for which the hamper is intended. Why not consult your Divisional Surgeon— who is the best judge of local requirements ? Subject to this condition and pre suming that the empty bottles are poison receptacles with glass stoppers, then I suggest that you might use the 4-ounce bottle for pure Lysol, and that for the 8-ounce bottles you might make a choice between Distilled Extract of Witch Hazel or Lead and Opium Lotion (bruises, injured joints, etc.), Condy’s Fluid (cuts, opium poisoning, etc.), Solution of Picric Acid (burns and scalds), and Brandy. Incidentally an 8-ounce bottle is far too large and a 4-ounce bottle (which can be refilled from stock) is

HOME FOR

OFFICE

ORDER

FACTORIES.

Terms:— Packing free, carriage paid.

Cash with order.

First Aid Cabinets are not required in Blast Furnaces where an Ambulance Room is provided. A M B U L A N C E R O O M S must be provided where 500 persons or more are employed in Factories to which this Order applies. We supply estimates for the equipment required, also for the construction of the Rooms where necessary.

S o u th a ll B ros. & B a rcla y , Ltd., C H a rfo rd

M ills ,

B IR M IN G H A M .

— FIRST

July, 19*8-

A ID

—

r The S t. J o h n

A m b u la n c e

A s s o c ia tio n .

C orrect

L I F E - S A V I N G L E C T U R E S . Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

A m bulance O fficer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U L A N C E R E S C U E

A N D

fo r

O u tfits N u rses

REGULATION PATTERNS HARRODS QUALITY T J E R E at Harrods the Private or * Professional Nurse will find every requisite of her calling, and she may depend implicitly upon the correct ness, the quality, and the service of everything supplied. N . U . 147 •— N e a t G r e y Ma t in fine C anton S tra w , trim m ed g r e y ribbon band

6/11

M IN E S

M O V E M E N T S .

t t e

N . U . 145 . — S m a rtly tailored C o a t an d S k i r t in sh ow erp roo f and shrunk g re y tw eed , su itab le for h ard w ear,

I.— L I F E A

Popular

95/6

SAVIN G .

F ir s t

Aid

Le cture.

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the O ffic ia l F ir s t A id F ilm . The film is at present shown in licensed Halls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged. II. Similar to the above, but without the film. III.— R E S C U E A

peep

in to

WORK the

life of

Nature’ s

FIR ST

m e t h o d s and fu r th e r th em .

FIRST

A ID .

A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. Special Inducements are offered to Mining Districts. No entertainment tax is payable in respect of any of the above, provided that no music or other extraneous amusements are included in the proceedings.

For terms and dates available apply to

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, D o n c a s te r R o a d , G o ld th o rp e , N e a r R o th e rh a m .

Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.”

V-

HARRODS Ltd Managing

Director

LONDON SW1

‘ lM y. Benger'f admirable Preparation. ’’

1 he Lancet.

A ID ER.

h ow to

W h y e v e r y o n e should ha ve a k n o w le d g e of F ir s t Aid.

205.

Advice on all outfitting matters gladly given by post to those prevented from visiting the Nurses’ Department (on Harrods 2nd Floor).

M IN E S .

C o v ert C loth ,

£ 5 5s.

a Miner,

Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue Work in Coal Mines. I V .— N A T U R E

G re y

F o o d for I n f a n t s , I n v a l i d s &the A g e d . C o n s ‘ a n t p r e s c r ip t io n b * le a d in g m e d ic a l a u t h o r it ie s in E n t e r ic , a n d o t h e r f e v e r s , h a s s t a n d a r d is e d B e n d e r ’s fo r a ll 1 lo e s s e s in v o lv in g s e r io u s di - e s t iv e d is t u r b a n c e .

Sold in tins by Chemists, etc. ,everywhcn BENGER’ S FDOD I TD.. — Otter Works, — MANCHESTER Kng Branch Offices : New York & Sydnet. Dc-pOts ihrouyhoui Canada.

fffC o eo a VI-G O G O A restores lost energy and builds both brain and body. The ideal m id -m orn in g beverage.

The Food bcvcrage of the People. M a d e in

DELECTALAND

— FIRST

AID.—

July, 1918.

MANUALS

FIRST-AXD,

By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C ( A ID S

F IR S T-A ID .

T h ird E d itio n .

? f E

A ID S

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

S econd E d itio n .

SjjaJJ cakes

Post free, 7 d .

First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with Aius to Memory. “ €ol. €ontlie contributes an introduction and we endorse his good o p i n i o n o f the book."— L a n c e t .

S U B S T lT l ^ l SEN D

&e.,

i.tab), M.R.C.S.

P ric e 7 d . , post free.

Home-NursJng Simplified aod Tabulated, with Aids to Memory. “ Th is book w onderfully sim plifies a complex subject a n d should be reeul by a ll students.”— L. & N .W . R y . G a z e t t e .

WHY

Y O U R

AND

W HEREFORE

F IR S T-A ID .

P ric e 7 d . , post free.

A D V E R T I S E M E N T S

Difficulties la Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer. “ tVe commend this book to Lecturers a n d Students who w ill fin d it o f great service." — F ir s t A id .

E F F IC IE N C Y

F iR S T -A ID .

Post free, i s . a d .

Problems Study, Treatment and Examination solved for Senior Students. ‘ * IVit/tout doubt the book w ill be o f great service in the tra in in g o f those f o r whom it is designed ."— B r it is h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

(L a rg e o r S m a ll)

H IN T S

for on e P u b l i c a t i o n or m a n y , a n d w e w ill a r r a n g e

FOR

H O S P ITA L

O R D E R L IE S .

Post f r e e , 7 d.

Orderly Duties Simplified aud Tabulated, with Aids to Memory. A most compact brochure which contains much useful inform ation ."—

for t h e i r in se rtio n a t Office R a t e s , t h u s

P r e s c r ib e d

s a v i n g y o u t i m e a n d t r o u b le . By

IN D EX

CARVELL,

F IR S T-A ID .

M .R .C .S .,

L .S .A .L on d .

A vade-mecum for the Ambulance Worker. F.cap.8vo. Post free, is.2d. D A LE,

R EYN O LD S Advertising

46,

Cannon

S tre e t,

C O .,

Agents, London,

E . C . 4.

PO STAL IN STR UC TIO N In “ PRESCRIPTION R E A D IN G ” and “ ELEMENTARY DISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member of S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted for the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) Special terms now— half fees —to members of S.J.A.B., &c. A p p ly (stam p ) to M r . J . E . W a l d e n , S e c ., W estm in ster C o lle g e (L a d y D ispen sers S ectio n o f the W estm inster C o lle g e o f C h em istr y and P h a rm a c y , estd. 1874),

1 12, S t . G e o r g e ' s R o ad , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

EXOEPTIONAL ARE

OPPORTUNITIES

OFFERED

TH E

SANITARY TRAINING 335, H ig h

FIR S T

L t d .,

COLLEGE,

H o lb o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .I.,

O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, Weights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors, Maternity and Child Welfare Workers, Dispensers, Relieving Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personal and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and First Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology. For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost.

FEW

WORDS.

(38th thousand).

B y th e S a m e AutDor.

B y the S a m e A u th or.

Cloth, 4d. thousand).

Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2d. Cloth, 46. T H E C O M P L E T E M A N IK IN , bystems of Body accurately indexed. Invaluable to Students of Anatomy, Medicine, First-Aid and Allied Subjects. Price 2s. net; postage, 2d. T H E TR IA N G U L A R B A N D A G E : Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams. By

HOWARD

PRESTON,

Dem onstrator

ttu

Polytechnic.

116 Illus. Price, is. net; postage 2d. T H E R O LLER BANDAGE. B y th e Sam e A uthor

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 162 D i a g r a m s . Price, i s . net; postage, 2d. F I R S T - A I D A N A T O M I C A L D IA G R A M S . Twelve in set, on Roller. Post free, 2S. iod. Each Diagram separately, 2d. 5 and 6 (coloured), 6d. each. No. 1 4 .— H U M A N B O D Y . S H O W I N G A R T E R I E S A P R E S S U R E PO IN TS. Col 'ured. Price, 6d. T H E W H O L E A R T O F B A N D A G IN G . THEKLA

BOW SER,

F .J .l

Introdmction b y J a m e s C a n t l i e , F . R . C . S . Illus. Post free, is. 2d. P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G O U T & MA KIN G UP H O S P I T A L G A R M E N T S F O R S I C K Sc W O U N D E D . (.Approved by the Red Cross Society). Illustrated. Post tree, is. 2d A S H O R T C O U R S E OF P H Y S IC A L TR A IN IN G . By

ALLAN

P ric e is . 8d. po>t free.

BROMAN.

JOHN BALE, SONS a D A N lEL SSO N , L td ., 83-91, G r e a t T i t e h f i e l d S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W . On F irst A id, M edicine, S u rg ery, an d a ll other S cien tific and L ite ra ry Sub jects.

Second-H and Price*, N ew

!)iscount P rice s.

ree. S ta te wants. B oo ks sent on ap p ro v a l. B o o k s bought. ta t and 113. C h a rin g C roat R oa d , L o n d on , W .C .

P ric e 6 d . n e t.

NOTES A T> Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark , x T . J 3 » Grey beaver cloth, 54s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 45s. — Write for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse. T

With Coloured Diagrams. 12 pp. Folder. Paper, 2d. H O M E N U R S I N G IN F E W W O R D S . (16th

A ID

Hal f

B oo ks at C atalo gu es

W. & Q. FO YLE

P ost fre e 7d.

FIRST

AID

SIMPLIFIED.

B y S id n e y H . L a m b . A Handbook in a tabulated ar d simplified formgiving the main points in first aid, so arranged as to impress them on the memory of the student. DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., LONDON, E.C.4.

OR SALE, a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co., 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

OR SA L E.— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval. — Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

Printed and Published by D a l e ,

R e y n o ld s

“ FIRST AID’’ QUERY and REPLIES COUPON. To be cut out and enclosed with a ll Queries

& C o ., Ltd., 46, Cannon S t., London, E.C. 4.,

J u l y , 1918.

whom all communication* should be addresied.

F I R S T AID AND

ST.

JO H N

THE

-----

AM BULANCE Ed ited b y A R T H U R

No. 290.— V o l . X X V .

AUGUST,

1918.

GAZETTE.

DALE.

[E n tered a t Stationers' H a ll.]

PRICE THREEPENCE

[3/6 P e r A n n o m , P o s t F r e e ]

record to show this increase in strength, and shows that N O TICE

READERS.

the spirit of Brigade work is very much alive. We fully believe that the war will have given a great

FIR 5 T AID is published on the a o t h of ea c h m onth . Annual Subscription is 3 s . 6 d. post free; single copies 3 d .

The

impetus to the Brigade, for many thousands of people at present-engaged on Hospital work of some kind or other will want an outlet for their interest, which can be found in the civil activities of the Brigade,

We cannot foresee

what is going to happen to the Reserves of the Brigade

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for tntblication) by the name and address of the Correspondent.

adopted in this country, such Reserves on a voluntary basis

Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

prophesying in this respect, but we can see it has bright

DALE,

REYNOLDS & CO.,

after the war, for if a modified form of conscription is

will not be required.

However, we make no pretence at

prospects in its civil sphere.

L td .,

46 , C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E.C. 4.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twenty-Jour, London." Telephone No. S 471 Bank.

S o u t h a m p t o n C o r p s .— Miss Graham Smith, C o m mandant of Detachment 76, was invested by the K i n g o n the 25th ult. with the R . R C . 2nd Class for d e v o t i o n t o duty, in the Regent’s Park Hospital, Southampton, where she has been a constant worker since October, 1914.

EDITORIAL. We The

deal

another page with

the

annual report of the St. John Ambulance

B riga d e

Brigade for the past year.

Report.

of which everyone associated with the work must fetl proud.

It is a record

Although

cannot call the report an interesting volume, yet the figures and tabulated matter which it contains have a great signifi cance.

H.M. the King

of the Belgians has conferred the

M edaille de la Reine Elisabeth , in recognition of interest taken in the Belgian refugees and wounded, on the follow ing Ladies of Justice of the Order of St. John. H .R .H . the Duchess of Albany, the Duchess of Somerset, Adeline, Duchess of Bedford, the Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos, and Lady Perrott, R.R.C. This decoration is very highly prized in Belgium. It has also been given t o Viscount French and the Hon. Lady Lawley.

Take one instance alone, we find that the personnel

supplied by the Brigade to Naval and Military authorities, Private Hospitals and Hospital Ships, up to May, 1918, reached the huge total of 22,569, nearly the strength of the Brigade at the outbreak of war; such figures as

these

should convey to the man in the street some idea of the magnitude of the organisation. of the Brigade

is shown at

25,560 in i9t3 .

Again, the total strength 65,391, as compared with

We do not know whether this figure is

exclusive of members on Active Service; at

all events

there is an increase of approximately 4 per cent, over the previous year.

When it is considered that superintendents

have been sufficiently hard put to it by war conditions in carrying on their Corps and Divisions, it is a creditable

An ambulance competition was held on August 3rd at Congleton, Cheshire, in connection with a Garden Party in aid of the Red Cross and Somerford Park St. John Hospital. Owing to the heavy and continuous rain it had to be held in the Drill Hall instead of in the grounds of Hynshall Hall. Fourteen teams competed, the first prize being won by Newcastle North Staffs. Railway ; second, by London Road, Manchester; and third, by Cresswell, one point only dividing the teams. T he competition was organised and prizes given by Dr. Lowe, Surgeon of the Congleton Division, North Staffs. Railway Corps; secre tarial duties being carried out by Ambulance Sergeant Yates, of that Division. The judges were Dr. March, of Macclesfield, and Dr. Picton, of Holmes Chapel, whose decisions gave entire satisfaction. Sir Walter Shakerley distributed the prizes, complimenting the winners for their smartness and knowledge of first aid.

FIRST

a a

Jh « Grand frio rg of the 0rd«r of the K ospital of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE

Jhe No. 1 D is t r ic t . D eputy

S t.

Jo hn

.Ambulance B rigade. ORDERS.

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W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E.

S E P T E M B E R , 1918. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 1st.— No. 77 Division, Underground Railways. „ 8th.— No. 78 „ Enfield. „ 15th.— No. 72 „ General Electric Co. „ 22nd.- No. 80 „ Stoke Newington. „ 29th.— No. 81 „ Kilburn. From 2.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. PROM OTIONS

AND

APPOINTM ENTS.

Attention is called to B.O. 327 for promotions and appoint ments, which states :— “ Appointments, Promotions and Resignations of Officers ol the Brigade ; also Awards for War Service, and Casualties, will in future appear in “ First Aid and the St. John Ambulance Gazette.” A N N U A L RETURNS. There is still a number of Wales’s Corps whose returns for yet to hand. These must be sent possible. BRIGADE

Divisions in the Prince of the year 1916-1917 are not to Headquarters as soon as YEAR.

The Brigade Year for the future and including the current year commences on the 1st January and terminates on the 31st December. Returns for the current year should therefore be made, not up to the 30th September but up to the 31st December. Divisional accounts should also be made up to the end of December, and the annual meeting of the Division held as soon after the end of December as possible. In making returns, figures for the whole fifteen months should be included. APPLICATION

F OR

SERVICE

BADGES.

Application for Service Badges should now be made early in the new year, after the B.F .i’s have been prepared and sent to Headquarters. OFFICERS’

TRAINING

CO UR SE.

Arrangements vere made for the first meeting of the above to take place at St. John’s Gate on Thursday, August 15th, the District Surgeon delivering a short inaugural lecture in both nursing and ambulance wotk, followed by instruction in drill by the Coips Supetintendent. It is hope to continue these meet ings once or twice a month, if Officers respond in sufficient numbers. The course is intended to cover instruction in the work of Officers generally, and the organisation and mainten ance of Divisions. Every Ambulance Officer is welcome to these meetings, whether in charge of a Division or not, and on special occasions Nursing Officers will be invited. As it is at present difficult to ascertain the most convenient night for the greatest number of Officers to be present, notice of meetings will be sent to each Ambulance Officer by post card. S E R V I C E M EDA LS. A few Service Medals are now ready for presentation, and it is hoped to arrange for a public presentation early in September. (Signed) W. H. W IN N Y ,

Deputy-Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwel

August, 1918.

I M P O R T A N T N O TIC E. Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

DEPARTM ENT.

D IS T R IC T

C o m m issio n er :

A I D. -

E.C.

W a l t h a m s t o w ( N o . 29) D i v i s i o n .— Saturday, June 2 2 n d was a day which will ever live in the memories oi this Division a n d No. 11 Nursing Division.

Walthamstow War Weapons Week was opened on that day by Field-Marshall H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught and Strathern, K.G. It was considered to be a fitting occasion for the duke to be invited to inspect the fine new ambulance station so recently opened by the Princess Arthur of Connaught. On the invi tation of the Chief Commissioner, Col. Sir Jas. Clatk, C.B., the duke readily acquisced, with the result that Walthamstow Divisions, men and nursing sisters, combined to make the visit a memorial one. e Long before the scheduled time of arrival everyone con cerned was taking up their allotted positions. The excellent bugle band belonging to the Division was drawn up to the right of the entrance, facing the main street, and there, too, was a long line of men and nursing sisters foiming guard of honour to welcome H.R. Highness. The first to arrive was the Chief Commissioner Col. Sir Jas. Clark, C.B., accompanied by Major Darvil-Smith, C.B.E. His Royal Highness upon arrival, was received by the Chief Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner W. H. Winny, O.B.E.; District Surgeon C. J. R. MacFadden, M.D. ; Major P. G. Darvil-Smith, C.B.E.; Lieut.-Col. Challis, M.D. (Divi sional Surgeon) ; Div. Supt. A. S. G. Blum, H.S.B., and others. His Royal Highness was conducted round the Ambu lance Station—the casualty receiving ward taking his particular attention. Here there was seen most up-to-date appliances for dealing with first aid. His attention was draw to the special emergency surgical trolley for the use of medical men called in to a case. His Royal Highness expressed himself highly satisfied with the arrangements made for dealing with the sick and in jured. The nurses own room was admired, and the two nursing sisters in charge received a word or two of congra tulation from the duke. In passing once more through the casualty ward His Royal Highness spent some moments before the memorial placed there in memory of the fallen members of the Division. He was informed that the designer was one of the members— Pte. A. G. Mattacks— and the work was exe cuted under his personal supervision. The Duke read the names inscribed on the memorial and expressed the hope that they should have no further addition to make to them. The next part of the programme was an inspection of the men of No. 29 Division and the nursing sisters of No. 11 Divisian. They presented a very smart and imposing spectacle, and the Duke in passing down the lines did not fail to notice one of the members who had lost an arm in France and another who had received his discharge after serving his country since the outbreak of war. Ptes. Underhay and Martin will have something to remember. The Duke also conversed with some of the members who were in possession of their long service medals. He did not fail either to give one or two of the nursing sisters a word of congratulation. Both No. 29 Division and No. 11 Nursing Division con sider themselves highly favoured to think that on one day they should have the special honour of being inspected by the G i a n d Prior of the Order and also by the Chief Commissioner of the Brigade. The signed photograph of the Chief Commissioner, kindly pre sented to the Superintendent for the Division, and now hang ing in the Station, will ever temind them of the kindly thoughts and interest which obtained for them a visit from the Grand Prior of the Order. L i m e h o u s e (No. 76) D i v i s i o n . — In connection with the Remembrance and Commoration Day Services at St. Ann’s Church, Limehouse, this Division held a successful Church Parade. Under Ambulance Officer Mr. Arthur Marks the

August, 1918

— FIRST

“ failin’’ was made at East India Dock-road Police Station yard. The Division was favoured by the presence of repre sentatives from Nos. 2, 7, 10 and Grays Divisions, S.J.A.B., also about 250 Special Constables of “ K” Division, and the Dixon-street Patrol. The Rev. J. W. Green, M.A., Rector of Limehouse, preached a very telling sermon, taking for his text, “ Not by might nor by power but by My spirit, saith the Lord of Hosts.” During the singing of that fine hymn, “ Thro’ the night of doubt and sorrow,” the collection was made, which was to be divided between the British Red Cross Society and the Church expenses. Mustering after Church in the grounds attached, a march back was made where Mr. A. Marks thanked the members of the visiting Divisions for coming, promising to return the honour should an opportunity be given. No.

D is tric t.

N O R T O N H i l l .— Owing to so many having gone on active

service, and the consequent greatly increased demand upon the abilities of the medical gentlemen left in civil life, the St. John Ambulance Association, with the view of organising assistance for any doctor willing to take up a course of First Aid or Home Nursing lectures, invited sufficiently advanced in First Aid or Home Nursing members to submit to an examination for appointment, during the duration of the war, as officially recog nised demonstrators to any medical lecturer who might desire such help. Dr. John Griffith, the Deputy Commissioner for the dis trict, conducted an examination at Redland Park House, Bristol, on June rst last. From the result just announced it is learnt that two mem bers of the Norton Hill Division, Mr. S. Lloyd Harvey and Mr. Gomer G. Phillips, superintendent of the Somerset Mines Rescue Station, Midsomer Norton, were alike successful in obtaining Demonstrator’s Certificates in both First Aid and Home Nursing. No. s D is trict. S h e f f i e l d .— Two parties of Officers, N.C.O.’s and men of the Sheffield Corps, were privileged to inspect the “ Mine Rescue Station,” at Chesterfield, on July 6th and 20th respectively. To those who have had no experience in mining work these Rescue Stations are a revelation. That was the general feeling when the party left Chesterfield. On arrival, the members were introduced to the Chief Officer, Mr. Wilson, and his staff, and found, that here at any rate, the right man was in the right place. Mr. Wilson seems to have everything connected with mining and rescue work at his finger ends, and he first showed the electrical installation for calling out the men in case of emergency, from whence the party was shown the various apparatus used by the rescue teams, and some of the men were privileged to wear this equipment. The station is replete with a large motor fire pump and motor van, in which the men travel and convey their equipment to the scene of the disaster. There are only four men resident at the station, but each colliery has it own rescue team, the members of which come to the station for training. Here again Mr. Wilson has shown his capabilities as a first class instructor. The ground on which the station is built, being below the road level, a large basement has had to be built. This Mr. Wilson has constructed into a minature pit, with apparatus for filling it with smoke. The rescue team in their training having to clear the air and rescue dummy, or in some cases, real men, just as though they were in an actual pit on fire. A visit to the single mens’ quarters, which is a verit able home from home, brought to a close what was considered one of the most instructive days the Sheffield Corps has ever had, and most of its members will not be found wanting should they be at hand when a colliery disaster occurs.

No. 11 D istrict. P o n t a r d a w e .— The Public Hall was packed on Monday evening, July 20th, on the occasion of a reception to Pte. Wm.

AID -

D. Jones of the R.A.M.C. He was escorted from his home at Alltwen by the St. John Ambulance Brigade, men and nurses, headed by the Boy Scouts and bugle band. At the Public Hall Mr. Jno. Edwards presided over the meeting and presented the hero with a cheque on behalf of the Soldiers and Sailors Association, Pontardawe. Mr. J. Jenkins Jones presented a wrist-watch to him on behalf of the Glantawe woiks, where he was employed pre\ ious to joining the Colours. Divisional Supt. D. Williams read the official account of the brave deeds performed by Pte. Jones, which won for him the highest award and honour— the D.C.M. At the request of the chairman, Miss Jones, Commandant of the V.A.D. Nursing Division, ascended the platform and made a most suitable speech, in which she said how glad and proud we all were to turn out and welcome one of our members who had won such distinction. It is the highest honour yet brought to Pontardawe by a Pontardawe man.

No. 12 (Irish) D is t r ic t . The Joint Annual Inspection of the S.J.A.B. and . B.R.C.S. was held on Saturday, 16th' June, in Lord h eagh ’s Gardens, when over 800 nurses 300 men paraded. Owing to the unavoidable absence of his Excellency Lord French, Loid Lieutenant of Ireland, the inspection was conducted by the Earl of Donoughmore and the Hon. Sir Arthur Stanley, G.B E., M.P. The results of the competitions as announced by Sir John Lumsden, K.B.E., M.D,, were :— Irish Women’s Ambulance Challenge Cup— Harcouit -Nursing Division, 215 marks; 2nd, Borrisokane. (co. Tip perary) Nursing Division, 214 : (eight teams competed), Dublin Ambulance Challenge Cup— City of Dublin Divi sion ; 2nd, Irish Land Commission Division (Seven teams competed). Talbot C u p —co. Dublin No. 48 Team, B.R.C.S. (five teams competed). Meath Cup— co. Dublin No. 14 Team, B.R.C.S (eleven teams competed). Sir Arthur Stanley, at the request of Sir Maurice Dockerall, presented certificates of honorary life membership of the British Red Cross Society for distinguished service during the Sinn Fein rising of 1916, to Miss Jeanie Fitzpatrick, Miss Nora Fitzpatrick, and Mirs. Crawforth Smith (Commandant), co. Dublin V.A.D. No. 2 ; Miss Emily K. Harris (Com mandant) co. Dublin V.A.D. No. 28 ; Dr. Reginald Peacocke (Assistant County Director), Mr. W. G. Smith (Joint Assistant County Director), Mr. H. O’C. Fitzsimon (Commandant) ; Mr. R. Peat, Mr. S. W. Dixon (ex-Sergeant R.I.C.), Dr. S. Wayland, Medical Officer ; Mr’ W. Kennedy (pharmacist), Mr. M. J. McDonald, R.I.C.; Mrs. James Giltrap and Messrs. R. A. Olliver, W. P. Donnelly, Wm. Cantley, Henry Olds, W. Fetherstonhaugh, and Mr. Andrew Peat, co. Dublin, V A D No. 7. Sir Arthur Stanley expressed his hearty appreciation of what he had seen of the V.A.D. work on his first visit to Ire land. Mr. Justice Ross proposed a vote of thanks to the Inspecting Officers and the proceedings closed with the play ing of the National Anthem. Assistant County Directors W. G. Smith and Reginald H. Keatinge had charge of the arrange ments. A Nursing Division has been registered this month in Portarlington, Queen’s County, due to the efforts of Assistant County Director Mr. Algernon Odium. Dr. T. W. Rice, who has given all the lectures gratis, has consented to act as Divi sional Surgeon. About 30 persons have been enrolled. Boyle Nursing Division, Co. Rosecommsn, was inspected on May 31st by Lady District Officer Miss Blandford. Out of 15 members on roll 13 paraded in indoor uniform. Miss Mary ffolliott, Lady Divisional Supt., works indefatigably with little or no encouragement and under great difficulties. The mem bers are to be congratulated on the excellent work they are doing at the local War Hospital Supply Depot.

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THE

ST.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

August, 1918

THE ST. JOHN AM BULANCE GAZETTE. Official Brigade News. July , igi8. T he Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Birmingham Nursing Corps (Edgbaston Nursing Division). — Miss Kate Whitmore to be Nursing Officer, 15.7.18. Northampton Corps (Spencer Nursing Division).— Miss Emily Ada Osborn to be Lady Divisional Supt., 30.7.18. Mrs. Julia Bradford Livesley to be Nursing Officer, 30.7.18. Miss Alice Mary Nobles to be Nursing Officer, 31.7.18. Edward Arthur Saunders, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. to be Divisional Surgeon, 31.7.18.

No. 4 D

istr ict.

Altrinchan Nursing Division.— Mrs. Brenda Crosby to be Nursing Officer, 2.7.18. Colne Division.— James F. Tyson to be Ambulance Officer, 18.7 .1 8 .

Tottington Nursing Division.— Miss Mary H. Halliday to be Nursing Officer, 24.7.18, vice Nursing Officer Miss Greenhaigh resigned 18.5.18. Oldham Corps (Oldham Nursing Division).-— Florence Eastwood to be Nursing Officer, 26.7.18. Mary Ellen Easthope to be Nursing Officer, 26.7.18. Nelson Corps (Nelson Nursing Division).— Mrs. Lillie Booth to be Nursing Officer, 27.7.18, vice Nursing Officer Mrs. Maud Farrington resigned 11.5.17. Mrs. Margaret Waddington to be Nursing Officer, 18.7.18. Miss Ruth Mackwell to be Nursing Officer, 29.7.18. Miss Hilda Wood to be Nursing Officer, 3 0 .7.18. No. 5. D i s t r i c t . Nottingham Corps (Lenton Division).— Robert Pells to be Ambulance Officer, with effect from 28.4.18. Bulwell Division.— James Boxter to be Ambulance Officer, 1 3 .7 .1 8 .

Earby Nursing Division.— Miss Lily Slanden to be Nursing Officer, 11.6.18. Hanley and District Corps (Walstanton, May Bank and Porthill Nursing Division.-— Miss Jane Hobson to be Lady Divisonal Supt., 8-6-18. Mrs. Ethel M. Till to be Nursing Officer. Bradford Co-operative Society’s Nursing Division.— Mrs. Martha R. Meggs to be Lady Divsional Supt, 19-6-18. Robert Crawford, M.B., Ch. B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19-6-18. Castleton Division.— George Brown Hillman, L.M.S.S.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 26-6-18.

No. 6

D istrict.

Malton and Norton Division.— James Ernest Long, M.D., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 27-7-18. No. 8

ist r ic t

Corps Surgeon and Supt. George Looks, M.R.C.S., to be District Officer, 26-7-18. Tunbridge Wells Nursing Division.— Mrs. Harriott Aitkin to be Nursing Officer, 18-7-18. Mrs. Evelyn Lees to be Nurs ing Officer, 18-7-18. Hastings Corps (Hastings Division).— G. H. Howe to be Acting Corps Surgeon and Supt., 26-7-18. James Hope to be Ambulance Officer, 26-7-18. Temple Eweli Nursing Division — Lady Division Supt. Miss M. Nuttal resigned her appointment, July, 1918.

No. 9 D i s t r i c t . Divisional Supt. Edgar Thomson to be District Inspector of Stores, 2-7-18. Parkstone Nursing Division.— Mrs. Emma Swame to be Nursing Officer with effect from 19-2-18, vice Nursing Officer Mrs. Scott, resigned. No. 12 D i s t r i c t . Public Service Corps (Royal College of Science Division). — Joseph Bamford to be Divisional Supt., 4-5-18, vice Divi sional Supt. D. S. Jardin, deceased. 1 N ew

D iv isio n s.

Tne following new Divisions have been sanctioned and registered :— No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Y.W.C.A. (Birmingham Nursing Corps. 1 Spencer Nursing Division (Northampton Corps), 23.7.18. Motor Transport Division (Birmingham Corps), 27-7.18. No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Uttoxeter Railway Division (North Staffs Railway Corps), 25.6.18. Conisborough Division (Denaby Main Corps), 15.7.18 No. 6 D i s t r i c t . N.E.Ry. Hull Nursing Division (Hull Corps), 18.6.18. No. 12 D i s t r i c t . Morgan Mooney’s Division (City of Dublin Corps), 17.18. Portarlington Nursing Division, 20.7.18. St . John

V oluntary

A id

D etachm ents.

During the month of July three St John Women’s Detachments have been registered, as set forth below:— Northampton 32 (formed out of the Peterborough Nursing Division). Commandant, Mrs. Perkins, Hillmorton,The Park, Peterborough. Northampton 36 (formed out of the Geddington Nursing Division). Commandant, Miss Sheffield, St. Alban’s, Gedding ton, Kettering. West Riding Yorks. 184 (formed out of the Elland Nurs ing Division). Commandant, Dr. G. Hoyle, Burleigh House, Elland, Yorks. R oll

H onour.

During the month of July, notification has begn re ceived of the death of the following Brigade members on Active Service:— Bradley, Pte. E., Sheepbridge, M.H.H.R. Brewer, 2nd.-Lieut. T. E., Shotton Colliery, Royal Air Force. Daniel, Pte. L., Taylorstown, M.H.H.R. Darkens, Pte. C. R., No. 1 District, 13/E. Surrey Regt. Ellis, Pte. C., No. 7 Division (No. 1 District), M.H.H.R. Exton, Pte. C., Padiham, M.H.H.R. Flint, Miss F. D. L., Newarke, N.D., V.A.D. Fowler, Pte. F., Blackburn, M.H.H.R. Goodison, Pte. J., Spalding Railway, Sherwood Foresters. Green, Sergt. G., Olney, Bedfordshire Regt. Jones, Corpl. B. B., Ferndale, M-H.H.R. Lewitt, Pte. L. A., Leicester, M.H.H.R. Sanderson, Pte. A., Rotherham “ A ”, R.A.M.C. Scott, Pte. J., Littletown and Sherburn, R.A.M.C. Tugwell, Pte., Dover, 1/2 Lancashire Regt. Walker, Miss J., South Shields N.D., V.A.D.

Aqgust, 1918,

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Wallis, 2nd.-Lieut. N. H., Brighton and Hove, R.F.A. White, Pte. H., Harbury, R.N.A.S.B.R. Wilks, Sergt. C. P., Cheltenham, M.H.H.R. Willey, Pte. H., Olney, Oxford and Bucks L.I. Wraight, Pte. W., Beckton, K.R.R. M il it a r y D e co ra t io n s . Cavanagh, Miss M., Maidenhead N.D., Military Medal. Hounslow, Miss E., Oxford City, Military Medal. Rnaggs, Pte W. R., Whitby, Military Medal. Lyth, Pte. F., Whitby, Military Medal. Watts, Pte. F., Oxford City, Military Medal. B A

n nu al

-e

r ig a d e

x a m in a tio n s

r d er s

Particular attention is called to B.O. 305, dated 1st Sep tember, 1917. Jt has been brought to the notice of the Chief Commis sioner that the instructions laid down therein are not being carried out, and that in many cases application for Brigade Annual Re-examinations is being made to the Chief Secretary of the Association. As stated in B.O. 305, applications for these examinations should be addressed to the Deputy Commissioner of the District. Deputy Commissioners are in possession of the necessary forms i.e., B.F. I i a , B.F. 1 I B , etc., and will make all the necessary arrangements. The attention of Officers in Charge of Divisions is par ticularly drawn to the last paragraph of B.O. 305, which ap pears to be lately entirely ignored. Special care should in future be taken that this paragraph is strictly complied with, as non-compliance with the procedure laid down therein leads to a great deal of correspondence with the Examiner, which could otherwise be avoided. It has been necessary to make the following alterations in the additions to B.F. I IB :— (1) The Divisional Superintendent, after having entered on B.F. 1 I B , the names of the \vhole Division, should insert the word “ absent ’’ againt the names of those who, for various reasons, are not present at the examination, or ’ the letters “ O.A.S.” if they are on active service. },• i( (2) The name and address of the Divisional Superintendant should be entered in the space now provided for the purpose. (3) The date of the examination should be inserted in the space provided for the purpose. (4) The Divisional Surgeon conducting the examination should add his signature, together with his address, to Form B.F. 1 I B . P

r o m o t io n s

an d

p po in tm e n t s

In future, promotions and appointments to Corps or Divi sions of the Brigade which have not rendered their annual returns will not be entertained unless under exceptional cir cumstances.

The

E ight By

P ointed

Cross.

W m . R. E D W A R D S .

W h e n in the year 1 1 2 0 Raymond d u

Puy became Grand Master of the Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem, one of his first acts was to draw up statutes for its govern ance. These included an ordinance that members of the Order should wear on their robes a white eight pointed cross, and this has ever since been the badge of the Order. The cross was to be worn to put its wearers in mind of bearing always in their heart the cross of Jesus Christ adorned with the eight virtues that attend it. It was further laid down that brothers ought likewise to apply themselves continually to an exact observation of what they promised to God when they made the three vows— Chastity, Obedience and Poverty— and to the prac tice of all other moral and divine virtues, so that being inflamed by charity they might have no dread when taking

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

the sword in hand and exposing themselves with prudence, temperance and fortitude to all sorts of dangers for the honour of Christ our Saviour and His Holy Cross, and for the defence of justice, widows and orphans. It will be seen from the above that from the earliest times of the Order’s history the points of the cress were associated with the eight Christian virtues, and also that what are know as the four cardinal virtues— prudence, justice, temperance and fortitude— were mentioned in the Statutes of the Order. Moreover, evidence is available to show that the four cardinal virtues had long previously been asso ciated with the four arms of the rectangular cross. Later the expression “ beatitudes” look the place of “ virtues,” and in Helyot’s History of Monastic, Religious and Military Orders, published in French in 1715, the eight Beatitudes are set out. These do not at all closely correspond with the eight Beatitudes mentioned in St. Matthew’s Gospel, but the French words, somewhat freely translated, describe them as (1) Spritual tranquility, (2) Life without malice, (3) Contrition, (4) Patience in adversity, (5) Love of justice, (6) Mercy, (7) Sincerity and purity of heart, (8) Endurance under persecution. In the same work it is stated that the cross was ordained white as a sign of purity, and was to be borne without stain or spot, as much in the heart as outwardly. A prayer, based on the old traditions of the Order, is used at the services of the Order, and a copy is given to all newly appointed Members and Associates on signing the Homage Roll. The prayer runs :— F or

a l i. w h o

w ear

th e

h it e

ig h t -P o in t e d

ro ss.

Let us pray God, through Jems Chiist our Lord, that as we wear the sign of v ur Redemption, so we may ever remember in our lives that its four arms symbolize the Christian Virtues— Ptudence, Tem perance, Justice, and Fortitude ; that its points rep.esent the eight Beatitudes which spring from tfe practice of those Virtues ; and thit its whiteness is the emblem of that purity of life required in those who fight for the defence of the Christian Faith and live for the service of the poor and suffering. — Amen. It is now usual to associate the eight Beatitudes pre cisely as they appear in the 5th Chapter of St. Matthew, with the eight points, and in the east window of the Grand Priory Church of the Order, Clerkenwell, the glass of which was presented in 1914 by Mrs. Man Stuart, a Lady of Grace of the Order, in memory of her husband, Colonel J. A. Man Stuart, a Knight of Justice, the beatitudes are represented in medallions in the following manner :— Blessed are the poor in spirit , f o r theirs is the Kingdom o f Heaven. The Recording Angel with the forgiven penitent kneeling. Blessed are they that mourn , fo r they sh a ll be comforted. The Magdalene sees and recognises the Risen Lord.

Blessed are the meek f o r they sh a ll inherit the earth. The Annunciation.

Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after righteous ness., f o r they sh a ll be filled.. The last Communion of the Knights of the Order, on the morning of St. John’s Day, 1565, in the little chapel beneath the fort of St. Elmo, then besieged by the Turks. B lissed are the merciful , fo r they sh a ll obtain mercy. St. John the Almoner, the early patron saint of the Order. Blessed are the pure in heart, fo r they sh a ll see God. Our Lord with the Virgin Mary and Sir Joseph.

Blessed are the peacemakers, f o r they sh a ll be called Sons of God. The Turkish ruler Bajazet presenting to Grand Master D ’Aubusson the Relic of the right hand of St. John Baptist. This incident took place in 1484, on

— FIRST

AID

& THE

ST.

the conclusion ot a treaty of peace between the Order and the Turks. 1 he hand of St John was later preserved in the Conventual Church of Malta.

Blessed are they that have been persecutedfor righteous ness sake, f o r theirs is the Km dom of Heaven Blessed are ye when men sha ll reproach y o u , and persecute you, and say a ll manner o f evil againt you falsely, fo r M y sake. The Martyrdom of St. John Baptist. The beatitudes, as printed above, are taken from the revised version of the Bible ; they differ slightly from those in the authorised version. Quite recently the Council of the Order in England has agreed to add to each point of the cross a secular signi ficance specially applicable to the essential qualities of a

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

August, 1918.

can best be left for the patient or the bystanders to do, and what should be left to the medical man. (g) Persevering, that he may continue his efforts, though not at first successful. (h) Sympathetic, that he may give real comfort and encouragement to the suffering. Those earnest First Aiders who have been accustomed to associate the eight points of the cross with a religious significance only, will find the badge they wear doubly helpful when they realise the additional meaning of these points as being the qualities which they have for long, con sciously or unconciously, endeavoured to cultivate in themselves and instil into others.

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the Order, St. fohn's Gate, Clerkenwell, Tendon, E . C . , A ugust 1st, ig /8 . The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :—

A s Lady o f Justice (from Ladv o f Grace) : The Countess Beauchamp.

A s K nig ht of Grace {from Honorary Associate) : Lieut.-Colonel Harry VVoodburn Blaylock, C.B.E.

A s Ladies o f Grace:

First Aider. The points will thus have a double meaning for ambulance workers, while the symbolism of the white ness and the arms of the cross will remain without any addition. The secular significance of the eight points is (r) Observation, (2) Tact, (3) Resource. (4) Dexterity, (5) Ex plicitness, (6) Discrimination, (7) Perseverance, (8) Sympathy. Five of these qualities are mentioned on pages 22 and 23 of the First Aid Textbook of the St. John Ambulance Association, and it is proposed to add the other three if a revision of the book in other respects is found necessary. The complete list will then read thus :— In order to render the skilled assistance required the First Aider should be— (a) Observant, that he may note the causes and signs of injury. (b) Tactful, that he may without thoughtless questions learn the symtoms and history of the case, and secure the confidence of the patient and bystanders. (c) Resourceful, that he may use to the best ad vantage whatever is at hand to prevent further damage, and to assist Nature’s efforts to repair the mischief already done. (d) D extrous, that t'e may handle a patient without causing unnecessary pain, and use appliances efficiently and neatly. (e) E x p lic it , that he may give clear instructions to the patient or the bystanders how best to assist him. ( f ) D iscrim inating, that he may decide which of several injuries presses most for treatment by himself, what

Kathleen Laura, Mrs. Hugh Nicholson. Eleanor Jane, Miss Alexander. The Hon. Essex Eleanora French, O.B.E. The Hon. Agnes Freda, Lady Williamson. Alice Sedgwick, Lady Wernher. Eliza Frances, Lady Caillard.

A s E s q u ir e : Major Evelyn Milnes Gaskell.

A s Honorary Serving Brothers : Thomas McBride. Thomas Gillespie Shields. William Evison. William John Waite. Frank Edward Stallard.

F o r Enrolm ent as Honorary Associates : John Giles Denison Cort, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. William McLaren Macllraith, L.R.CP. and S.Edin. William Stacey Aslett, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Frederick John Walton, M.B., Ch.B. The Hon. Norah Dawnay. Lieut.-Colonel Harold Samuel Peeke, M.RC.S., L.R.C.P., R.A.M.C.

Ambulance

Competition.

A c o m p e t i t i o n in which teams of local units of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and Association, and of the Regular and Special Constabulary, took part, was held in the Whitgift Grammar School, Croydon, on Sunday, July 24th. The Earl and Countess of Ranfurly, who arrived be fore the competition began, inspected a number of ambu lance workers drawn up to receive them. T he result of the competition was that No. 51 Division

August,

1918.

— FIRST

AID

THE

ST.

of the Prince of Wales’s Corps secured the first prize for men, and the Croydon Nursing Division that for women. The judges were Mr. W. R. Edwards, secretary of the Order of St. John, with whom were Colonel Dean, Com mandant of military hospitals to the Croydon area, and Major Chambers, acting as medical referees, and Dr. T. Halliwell, of Forest Hill. The proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to Lord and Lady Ranfurly, proposed by the Mayor of Croy don, Alderman Houlder, to which his Lordship replied. In the course of his remarks, he thanked the organisers of the competition and the judges for their services in aid of the work of the Order of St. John, and expressed approval of the arrangements made by Mrs. Morris Chapman and others concerned.

The

G rand

P r io r ’s

In terest

th e

S .J .A .B . A pleasant instance of the interest taken in the Order and its work by the Grand Prior was afforded on the occa sion of their Majesties’ Silver Wedding. A member of one of the Nursing Divisions of the Prince of Wales’s Corp*, not sure of her way, asked an officer in khaki to direct her to her destination. After giving the desired information, he asked her whether she was going on duty and remarked that she wore the ribbon of St. John. She replied that she was an Honorary Serving Sister, and in answer to a fuither question stated her rank in the Brigade. The officer said, “ I am pleased to see you wear the ribbon ; I, too, have the pleasure of being in a position to wear it, as I am the head of your Order.” His Royal Highness the Duke of Con naught, for he it was, continued : “ Now tell me. Why do all the members of the Brigade wear the Prince of Wales’s feathers ?” to which the reply was given that the privilege had been granted by King George, when Prince of Wales and Grand Prior of the Order, to the London District only. The Duke added : “ l a m glad I asked you. I have often wondered just why they were worn. I am very glad to see you taking duty to-day. Good morning”— and saluting, the Grand Prior passed on.

O p e n = A ir

T rea tm en t.

JOH N

AM BULANCE

“ The prevailing epidemic of influenza has made its inroads upon our hospital, but the shortness of the attacks, seldom exceeding two days, and the entire absence of complications is, I venture to think, a veiy satisfactory tribute to the effectiveness of the open-air wards in dealing with this complaint. There has been marked contrast in the progress of these casts compared with those which are seen in private houses. Although special arrangements have been made in the command for the isolation of influenza patients, the temperature of our men falls so rapidly that they are practically well before the notification of the disease could be received and dealt with. We have reported altogether 33 cases, but now at the end of the month we are quite free.”

This hospital, which was organised in connection with the Southport and Birkdale Brigade Voluntary Aid De tachments, is the largest V.A.D. hospital in the country, and, with the exception of two or three small wards, is run on the open-air principle, which has proved most successful.

S t.

John

A m b u la n c e

B rig a d e

O verseas.

C anada T w e n t y -f o u r

m em bers

o f the

B rig ad e e m b a rk e d

ss.

“ T u n i s i a ” o n July 6 t h .

These V .A .D .’s were asked to assist in the hospitals, and throughout the voyage several members were 011 duty continuously in relays. They were ably helped by Miss E. Yates of the Canadian Red Cross Nurses, and later by two trained nurses who took night work in one hospital. Miss Ethel Goodhugh (Montreal Central Nursing Division) took charge ; she was on duty constantly. Miss Frances Johnson, Miss Ethe Cummins, Miss Phyllis Coles fof the same division), Miss Grace Holmes (Toronto C o l lege. N .D ) , and Miss Jessie Holliday (N. Toronto, N D.) assisted with tne responsible work and were on duty frequently. Miss Tucker took work from midnight, when a night nurse was considered desirable, and Miss G. Walker assisted first in the hospitals and afterwards with massage. Besides these members considerable help was given in many cases daily by the following members of the party :— Miss Margaret Carlyle, Miss Eva Mundy, Miss Margtret Whittaker and Miss B. B iptiste (Toron to); Miss Eva Pitblado, Miss Yvonne Morrill and Miss Margaret Ducles (Montreal). These ladies were glad to go wherever their services were required, and would willingly have worked much longer hours. (Signed) H e n r i e t t a F. W i l s o n , Member in Charge.

G eneral

L e tte r

C o m m itte e The following interesting paragraph is taken from the report, covering the period of June 1st to July 1st, of Dr. W. C. Bentall, the Medical Officer in charge of the St. John Hospital of 500 beds at Southport : —

GAZETTE. —

th e

C o u n ty

J o in t

V .A .D .

D ire c to rs.

D e a r S ir , I s e n d you the following for your information:—

Uniform. I have been asked by the Secretary of the British Red Cross Society to send you the enclosed amend ments to Form D (7). Aliens. May I again draw the attention c f County Directors to the necessity of sending with the first applica tion all possible information of a personal kind in favour of any alien applicants whom they put up for the sanction of the War Office. I have been asked by various County Directors to approach the War Office a second time in order to persuade them to reverse an adverse decision, and forwarding additional reasons for doing so. To-day I re ceived a letter from the War Office stating that, in future, no decision would be reconsidered, and requesting that County Directors would be good enough to send all neces sary information in the first instance. Flag Days. The Central Joint V.A.D, Committee passed an amendment at their last meeting to the effect

— F IR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOH N

that application for permission to collect in V.A.D . uniform for purely local funds of the British Red Cross Society need not be made to this Committee, only the sanction of the County Director being necessary. Blue Stripe. The questions for the examination for this stripe are now being printed. County Directors may make their own local arrangements for the examinations, provided the conditions laid down in J.V.A.D. 164 of the 17th April are faithfully adhered to. The questions may be obtained on application by the County Director to ihis office giving the name and address of the Medical Exami ner to whom the questions will be sent. Application for the Blue Stripe will be made in duplicate on J.V.A.D. 80a, to the Secretaries of the British Red Cross Society and St. John V .A . D .’s, exactly in the same way as for the War Service Bar. War Service Bar. Attention is drawn to the fact that permission to count the extra hours from one year to another will not enable a member to obtain more bars than there have been years of war, and must not be taken to encourage slacking. It is only intended to help a member who, through no fault of her own, cannot serve the requi site number of hours in a subsequent year. V.A.D. members who have gained the scarlet effici ency stripe may now wear the white stripe on their outdoor uniform. Please also note para. 6 of the amendments to D (7). Monmouthshire. Mr. J. W. Benyon, 35, Stow-hill, Newport, has been appointed County Director in the place of Col. Wallis. Catering Notes and Cookery Recipes. There are still many copies of Catering Notes for sale. I shall be glad to receive orders ; price 6d. Uniform for General Service Members. The War Office has now arranged to issue uniform in lieu of grants to General Service Members. A store for this purpose is being established at Devonshire House. V.A.D. Allowances. The Finance Committee has agreed that the grant for uniform for V.A.D. membe/s working in Auxiliary Hospitals, originally fixed at j £ 5 may now be raised to ^ 8 , providing the total amount of _£i per bed is not exceeded. Nursing Members. Lady Ampthill asks me to say that owing to tha. shortage of Nursing V .A .D .’s, it is im possible for her to supply Auxiliary Hospitals, and such members will in the future have to be drawn from local sources. Purchase of Uniform. M y attention has recently been drawn to two instances where shops have supplied V.A.D. members with regulation uniform without asking to see J.V.A.D. 84. Please ask] your Commandants to im press on all members at the time of enrolment the necessity or showing this certificate whenever they desire to purchase any uniform. Yours faithfully, C h iltso n ,

C h ie f County Director.

An examination for the Demonstrator’s Certificate in First Aid and Home Nursing will be held in the first week in September at the undermentioned places, provided that sufficient applications are received. London Birmingham Southampton

Hull Mancherster Dublin

Newcastle Leeds Belfast

Applications should be addressed to the Chief Secretary, St. John’s Gate, as early as possible.

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

V o lu n ta r y

A id

A u gu st, 19 18.

D eta ch m en ts.

V . A . D Chauflfeuses who received the Military Medal 22-7-18, for Conspicuous Bravery and Devotion to Duty :— Batten, Winifred Eleanor Sarah, Somerset 74. Davidson, Margaret Elizabeth, Aberdeen 6. Dickson, Stella Primrose, London 198. Fabling, Katherine, Sussex 2. Elwes, Winifred Millicent, London 146. Pennell, Rosamond Josephine, Kent Res. 88. Cuthbert, Galantha Mildred, London 62. Mellor, Juliet Vivian, London 268. Johnston, Gertrude, Kent 132.

Selected V.A.D. Members who have been awarded the Military Medal, 31-7-18 :— Brampton, Winifred A (wounded), Beds. 48, B.R.C.S. Campbell, Mary Gwynnedd, Denbigh 8, B.R.C.S. Cavanagh, Moyrs, Maidenhead N.D., S.J.A.B. Crewdson, Dorothea M. (wounded), Notts 36, B.R.C.S. Freshfield, Katharine M. (severely wounded), Sussex 77 B.R.C.S. Gregory, Lily A., Glam. 10, B.R.C.S. Hounslow, Edith, Oxford 44, S.J.A.B.

The following is an extract of a letter received from a Commandant recently sent to Salonika :— M adam,

1 beg to report that the majority of our members have now arrived. Our Camp is situated on one of the best sites within this Base. We overlook the sea, with Mount Olpympus in the background, and, in consequence, there is a eool breeze blowing over the Camp every afternoon. The girls are permitted to bathe on return from duty, and a great amount of pleasure is thereby derived. ' A cricket team is also in existence and we have played our first match, and won it. Our opponents were the Sergeants of the 43rd General (most of the members are posted to that Hospital), The men were handicapped in various ways, and we won simply because we were not taken as serious cricketers. I hope when the weather is cooler that we may have a hockey team. These games, together with the bathing, will give the necessary amount of exercise necessary to maintain health. The members are settling down very well and the Camp is beginning to look spruce and neat. A consider able amount of labour is entailed in keeping the tent trenches properly dug out and clear of stones, grass and rubbish, and this work is entirely done by our own members; the D.M.S. having given permission to retain sufficient of thzpersonnel for this purpose. With regard to work, every one seems to have come out with the idea of doing her best, and those who have been placed for some time are very well spoken of, particu larly those in the Base laundry. I have the honour to be, Your obedient servant, (Signed) J a n e K. E a g l e s o n , Commandant.

The following Members have died on Service :— Keetch, Catherine Winifred (London Reserve, S.J.A.B), 2nd July, 1918. Flint, Doreen (Leicester 32), 4th July, 1918. Carter, Vera Lorance (Bucks 44), 8th July, 1918. Slallard, Alice May (Worcester Reserve), 14th July, 1918. Morrison, Lizzie Neill (Co. Antrim 22), Snd July, 1918. Evans, Margaret Mary (Carnarvon 22), 20th July, 1918.

August,

—FIRST

19 1 8

CONTENTS

THIS

AID. —

Ambulance arrangement for the treatment of accidents at

NUMBER.

factories or parts of factories employing twenty-five or more persons, which are saw mills or in which articles of wood

E ditor ial — The Brigade Report

D istrict R ep ort s —

are manufactured.

The proposed Order requires the pro

vision and maintenance of first aid appliances, and, in the

No. 1 j No. 5 ...

case of factories employing 500 or more persons, of an am

No. 4 Np. 5; No. 11

bulance room and ambulance carriage. * * * T h e annual report on the examination of the accounts

T he St . Joh n ’s A m bu lan ce G a z e t t e — Official Brigade News

...

20 21

The Eight-Pointed Cross

of auxiliary Red Cross Hospitals in England, and Wales for

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England

Ambulance Competition...

The Grand Prior’s Interest in the S.J.A.B... Open-Air Treatment ... St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas

23 23 23

largely increased support extended by the Central Com

General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors

with its inevitable drain on private purses continues, is

Voluntary Aid Detachments

only to be expected.

system introduced for the prevention of waste, and proof of

St. John Ambulance Association

25 26

First Aid and Business Output

Brevities

...

last year has been presented to the Joint War Committee

...

27 27

The Report of the S.J.A.B., 1917 and

A nswers

C or r e s p o n d e n t s —

Treatment of Snake Bites

Treatment of Burst Varicose Veins

Fracture of Clavicle and Humerus

Vagaries of Textbook

...

Opium Poisoning

Strychnine Poisoning

This, as the war

Considerable space is devoted to the

its success is given in the fact that, despite the very large increase in the cost of food during the year, the amount expended in this way in the hospitals has only increased by

Transient Hemiplegia ... Q ueries

As might be expected, it

presents many interesting features, notably the fact of the mittee to the counties during the year.

P ractical P o i n t s — Resourceful First Aid

of the B.R.C.S. and the Order of St. John, and has been approved by the Army Council.

...

i'34d. per head.

A great divergence in expense still con

tinues, however, and seems to point for further need for control in

some

quarters, though

doubtless

conditions

which are not represented in the report have a bearing on this side of the question.

In many cases neither rent nor

rates come into the account, owing to the generosity of different donors.

The value of gifts in kind during 1917

stands at ,£151,680, while voluntary contributions amount

93°>496 against

t0 ^

Office and Ministry of Pensions— stupendous figures. * * * “ T a k e care of shock and Nature will do the rest”

the .£2,549,077 provided by the War

Camphor Poisoning

Transport of Fractured Pelvis and Ribs ...

Doses of Emetic

Indication for Artificial Respiration

summarises the teaching

Treatment for Infantile Convulsions

Scalds delivered at the College of Ambulance (3, Vere-

Meddlesome First Aid ...

street,

London,

of the

W.) on July

lecture on Burns and

nth

Dr.

MacLeod, physician for diseases of the skin at Charing Cross Hospital.

The lecture was the ninth of a series on

ambulance work and first aid intended for medical prac

B re v itie s.

titioners as well as ambulance workers.

Sir James Cantlie,

I n the United States the “ Safety First ” Movement is

who presided, spoke of the growing importance of burns

receiving a very considerable amount of attention in con

and scalds, on account of the improved methods of dealing

nection with all branches of railway working, and a leading

with

American contemporary has discussed the methods

recently completely revised.

which

the St. John

Ambulance

Handbook

had

The lecturer referred to the

which this movement may best be adapted to railway loco

increased number of accidents in factories due to war con

motive shop operations.

ditions, to the action in the war area itself of liquid fire,

In order, it says, that the best

results may be obtained from the “ Safety First ” propa ganda in any railway shop, it is of paramount importance

mustard

gas,

and the like, and to the terrible burns

the idea that their enthusiasm will be evidenced, not by

resulting from aeroplane accidents and air raids at home. * * * E x p e r i e n c e had already taught much. He described

words but by action.

the differences between the injuries caused by dry heat and

that the employees in that shop become so infused with A notice posted in one shop to the

effect that “ The greatest safety device known is the careful

moist heat.

man ” speaks volumes.

deeper than scalds, and nearly twice as fatal.

***

T h e Home Secretary gives notice that he proposes t o

make an Order to require the provision of First Aid and

As a rule burns

were

less

extensive and The im

mediate gravity in either case depended more upon the extent injury.

the surface injured

than the depth of the

— FIRST

St. John Jlmbulance dissociation. A nnual

R eport

I n d ia n

C o u n c il,

1917.

F o r the 9th year since the re-organisation of the Indian Branch we are able to report good progress in all directions, and the year under review is exceptional, having in view the times and the counter activities. During the year 16 new Centres were formed, and during the year ended 30th September, 1917, 23,218 persons have been instructed in First Aid, 1,684 in Home Nursing, 1,636 in Home Hygiene, and 136 in Sanitation, whilst 8,947 certificates, 237 vouchers, 112 medallions, and 79 labels have been awarded to successful candidates in First Aid, 932 certificates and 12 pendants in Home Nursing, 496 certificates in Home Hygiene, and 76 certificates in Sanitation. The above figures are an advance upon those of the previous year, and, with one exception, Sanitation, are the best obtained since the Indian Council was reorganised in 1909. An important feature during the year was the estab lishment of the Indian Defence Force, and the Commander-in-Chief has issued orders to the effect that all mem bers of this force should receive instruction in First Aid under the rules of the S.J.A A. T he railways of India are making steady progress. A new centre was formed by the Burma railways, making the number of railway centres up to seven. Nine hundred and sixty-three persons have received instruction during the year under the auspices of their centre. T he public schools and colleges in India are now re ceiving special and systematised attention. The progress and prospects here may therefore be said to be quite satis factory ; also the Police Forces, which have a strong body of ambulance men. During the year 11,616 men were trained, and 2,827 received certificates. This seems to us to be a low percentage of passes. The enrolment of members has continued to have the best attention of the Executive Committee. During the year under report 111 Life Members have been added to the list, bringing the present total to 915. Many new Annual Members and Associates have also been en rolled. Complete returns of these are not yet to hand, but their number, old and new, is expected to reach probably considerably in excess of 6,500 and 2,500, respectively, or a total of 9,915-

C an ad ia n

B ranch— A nnual

R eport.

During the year the work of the Canadian Branch has been carried on with great activity. The kindly interest of Their Excellencies, the Governor General and the Duchess of Devonshire, and the faithful and conscientious work of the officials of the various Pro vincial Councils, are to a large extent responsible for the splendid showing made. Since 1911, the first year of the Association’s instrucstructional activities, 62,923 candidates have passed through the various courses of study provided, 41,622 were success ful in securing certificates, and 6,154 received awards for re-examinations. T h e record for the past twelve months shows the work to be increasing in every department. During this period 13,076 individuals took one or other of the courses of lectures, compared with 10,024 in the pre vious year.

AID. —

A u gu st, 19 18.

During the past year, first aid instruction in connection with the Canadian Overseas Forces showed a natural de crease over the previous twelve months, due to the regretably smaller number of men enlisting and partly to the lack of opportunity. As a result of the introduction of first aid among the troops in Canada the policy has been continued overseas, and has become one of the most essential features of the soldiers’ efficiency. The Canadian Branch has received many congratulatory messages from officers and men at the front, in testimony of the high esteem in which the training is held. Largely due to the efforts of the Association, first aid instructions have been adopted by the Workmen’s Com pensation Board of Ontario, making it compulsory for all establishments having fifteen or more employers to supply suitable first aid equipment. Factories or workshops with 300 or more employee are required to have a first aid room fitted with beds, and a complete equipment for the care of the sick and injured.

F irst By

Pte.

A id A.

and

B u sin e ss

L. JON ES,

No. 7,

O u tp u t (T oynree

H all)

D i v i s i o n , S.J.A.B. h e relation between “ First Aid to the Wounded” and the output of a factory may not be discernable at first by the uninitiated, but there is a very real connection between the two can easily be shown. Take the case of a factory where there is no first aid organisation. A worker cuts his hand, and in a primitive fashion he usually wraps a handkerchief roughly round it, the consequence being that the handkerchief continually slips out of position during his work. The man then stops work to re-adjust the bandage and probably spends five minutes in so doing— this may occur half-a-dozen times in a day, the result being that the man loses at least half an hour from his work, and if there is a large number of workers it can easily be seen that a few similar cases may mean several hours’ work completely lost. On the other hand, if an injury occurs in a factory with efficient first aid assistance on the staff the case is attended to at once and properly bandaged up, the result being that the man returns to work in the majority of cases in a few minutes and no great stoppage of work ensues. In the same way the efficient ambulance worker can take charge of a fainting case single-handed ; whereas, if the case occurs in a factory or work-room where no such aid is provided there is usually a cluster of employees who have left their work to gather round and offer suggestions, &c., as to the treatment. Thus, perhaps, six or seven people each lose ten minutes’ work, and such losses in time have quite a considerable influence on the quantity of output made by a business firm. Another important aspect of the case for the provision of first aid treatment in all works is the fact that, properly tabulated injuries to the workers often reveal defects in plant and machinery, or faulty lighting of some part of the premises. For instance, if the first aid register shows a number of accidents have occurred by employees falling down some steps in the dark part of the works it is obvious that the lighting is defective, and further accidents of the same character can be obviated by increased light.

— FIRST

August, 19 1 8 .

The writer once treated a girl for a cut on the hand, received while running a machine in some cable works. Hardly had this been attended to when the worker who had taken the injured girl’s place at the machine also came in with a similar injury, and later a third girl appeared similarly wounded. It was thus evident that carelessness was not the cause of the injuries but some defect in the machine, and instant examination was made, with the result that a piece of broken glass with a sharp edge was discovered in a part of the machine constantly handled by the girls. This was immediately remedied on the machine and no further injuries were reported from that quarter. On another occasion an epidemic of splinters broke out, and after four or five girls had splinters extracted from their hands an investigation disclosed that a moving wooden drum revolved by hand had become damaged on one side, thus providing a plentiful crop of splinters for the girls engaged in handling the drum. The drum was handed over to the carpenter for repairs and this particular class of injuries ceased. It will thus be seen that first aid organisation has an important bearing of the efficient running of a workshop and the output thereof.

Jractical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and bad boints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

e s o u r c e f u l

ir s t

A man on one occasion attempted suicide. He attached a rubber tube to a gas-pipe, fixed this to his mouth, turned on the gas, and then deliberately slashed his wrist with a razor, sever ing both radial and ulnar arteries. By a fortunate chance he was discovered ; and the First-Aider who came to his assist ance was for a moment puzzled how to deal with an asphyxi ated patient, suffering from arterial bleeding, in a gas-laden room. Exercising his discrimination and resourcefulness, how ever, he first hurled a chair from the open door through the window and so let in fresh air ; next, covering his mouth and nose with a scarf, he dashed for the gas tap, which he turned off; next, bending low, he hastened to the patient, grasped the limb with his right hand, and controlled the hiemorrhage partly by raising it and partly by pressure on the arteries ; finally, re taining his grip of the patient and placing his free hand in the opposite armpit of the patient, he quickly dragged the man out of the room into the passage, where there was a free supply of fresh air. He then, without delay, delegated the digital control of the arteries to an assistant, while he himself immediately adopted Schaefer’s method of artificial respiration, and within four minutes had the satisfaction of restoring his patient to consciousness. Subsequent treatment was uneventful.— A. I. M. (Kentish Town).

r a n s i e n t

e m ip l e g ia

During a forward rush in a Rugby football match a man was kicked on the left side of the head and rendered momen tarily insensible. After a few minutes he recovered consciousnesss and was being assisted from the field when it was noted that his right foot was bent inwards, dragging and palpably deficient in power. An Ambulance man rushed up, and insisted that the leg was broken, and questioned the decision of one of the players who was a doctor, and had diagnosed “ temporary concussion of the brain with signs of hemiplegia.” Within ten minutes the patient recovered and resumed active participation in the game.— B.A., Cambridge.

AI D. — The

R eport

th e

S .J .A .B .,

1917.

T h e Chief Commissioner’s report for the Brigade year end

ing September 30th, 1917, is not of such a complete nature as in previous years— this is due to the temporary dispersal of members of the Brigade over land and water engaged on active war work ; nevertheless, it is a report showing a year of splendid work and progress. T h e total strength of the Brigade is now 65,391 members, showing an increase of 2,550 over 1916. This increase is not so large as previous years since the outbreak of war, but this can be accounted for by the operation of the Military Service Acts, and in many cases difficulty has been experienced in obtaining annual returns, as some divisions have been depleted ot their members. During the year under review the following new units have been formed:— Two Corps, forty-nine Ambulance Divisions and forty-three Nursing Divisions. In connection with Home Civil Work very valuable services have been rendered on occasion of raids, explo sions, mine and railway disasters and public street d u t y ; in connection with the last named the No. 1 District has carried out more duties than in peace times. It would be difficult tc give anything like an adequate account of the work done by members of this district on the occasion of air raids, which has been done sometimes in circumstances which entailed considerable risk of their lives. The members of the No. 4 District have collected ,£12,400 for the Brigade Hospital, and they rendered valu able assistance in connection with munition explosions in Lancashire, while the members of the No. 5 District ren dered service at the Minnis Pit disaster. The No. 6 Dis trict has raised a complete Medical Volunteer Corps of three Field Ambulances in Northumberland. In Durham one and another is in the course of formation. The personnel supplied by the S.J.A.B. to the Naval and Military Authorities, Private Hospitals and Hospital Ships, e t c , from the outbreak of war is as follows :— N aval A u th o r ities. R oyal N aval R oyal N aval Do. B ranch.

A u x iliary S ick B e rth R e s e rv e ... 2,056 D iv isio n (M e d ic a l U n it) ... 1,248 (S u pp lied by th e T e rrito ria l S . J . A A . ) ...................................... 240

4,444 M ilita r y A u th o r itie s. M ilitary H o m e H o sp ita l R ese rv e s ... ... 14,402 Do. (S u p p lied by th e T e rrito ria l B r a n c h , S . J . A . A . ) ....................................... 1,469 R .A .M .C . E x p e d itio n a ry F o r c e ............... L 43I S . J . A . B . H o s p i t a l , E t a p l e s , F r a n c e ...... 172

17,474 P r iv a t e

H o s p it a l s , S h ip s,

& c.

At Hom e ..................................................................... A b r o a d ......................................................................... 158 O n d e m a n d of J o in t C o m m itte e o f th e O rd e r o f St. J o h n a n d t h e B r i t i s h R e d C r o s s

Society

.............................................

170

393 T o tal

7 21 22,569

T h e fo re g o in g figures o n ly re p r e s e n t th e n u m b e r o f m e n w h o h a v e en listed th ro u g h th e B rig ad e. I n a d d itio n to th e above, m a n y m e m b e rs h a v e jo in e d th e c o lo u rs direct. V .A .D . M e m b e r s p o s te d to M ilita r y a n d A u x ilia ry H o sp itals ..................................................................................... V .A .D . M em bers e n ro lled tor lo c a l s e rv ic e in A u x ilia ry H o s p i ta l s ... ... ... ... ...

12,029

Total

14,989

2,960

— F I R S T

T he Brigade has sustained by casualties of war during the past year the heavy loss of 230 of its members, making a total of 608 since the commencement of the war. A list of the former is given in Appendix III. It has also suf fered the loss of two of its most active workers— Dr. R. H. Grimbly, D.C.., No. 9 District, and Dr. T. Nelson, A.C., No. 8 District. T he report of the Lady Superintendent-in-Chief con tains a list of the nursing divisions she inspected during the year, upon which she reports that she was everywhere much struck by the excellent work being done. The Brigade Hospital Depot at Halkyn House, Belgrave-square, has done admirable work, over 70,970 dress ings and bandages having been despatched.

Queries and Jlnswers to Correspondents.

AI D. —

A u g u s t , 19 18.

F racture

C l a v ic le a n d

H um erus.

S. T. (Mexbre).— With a comminuted fracture of left clavicle and a simple fracture of left humerus (one and a half inches below the shoulder joint) (1) would you apply extension of the shoulders by two handkerchiefs and a spinal pad, after passing a broad bandage round the body to secure the fractured humerus ? (2). The application of a broad bandage round the body and forearm appears to be the most suitable treat ment, but would it not cause crepitus and discomfort, especially during transport? (1), No. I should not. If I did, I should probably convert the simple fracture of humerus into a compound or compli cated fracture. Incidentally, a comminuted fracture of clavicle is exceedingly rare. (2). Treatment of a fracture which “ causes crepitus, especially during transport,”' is usually called Meddlesome First Aid ! ! As a fact, your suggestion is on the right lines. The fractured humerus demands priority in treatment as the more serious injury. So treat this fracture in the usual way with broad bandage above the middle of arm round the limb and body, but in place of the small arm-sling use a second broad bandage to bind elbow and forearm to body. This done, the broken clavicle also is controlled.— N.C.F.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 . — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana comer of the envelope “ Q u ery ” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2.— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?. — The Textbook, to which lejereme may bemad, in 1hesc columns, is the Revised (igif) Edition of S .f.A .A . Manual of Fiist-Aid. T reatm ent of Snake

V a g a r ie s of T e x t b o o k .

E. C. (Tufnell Park).— The Textbook, on page 25; gives the dose of Sal Volatile as h a lf a teaspoonful, and on page 143 as one teaspoonful. Which is correct ? The official dose of Sal Volatile is about half a teaspoonful for repeated and from one to one and a half teaspoonfuls for single administration. In most emergencies the smaller dose is sufficient, and in any case, can be repeated if necessary.— N. C. F.

B ites.

C. M. (Sydney, N.S.W.).— In a recent S.J.A.A. examination I was asked what I would do in the case of snake bite. I gave the correct answer as far as a limb. The examiner than asked what I w;ould do if the bite was upon the abdo men, and himself suggested that I sh.ould cutout the bitten area. Is this correct ? Surely this would be Meddlesome First Aid ! Also, what should be done if the bite were situated on the eye-iid ? Your examiner was not teaching Meddlesome First Aid. He was laying down the correct treatment from the medical point of view, but he failed to appreciate the real objects and also the limitations o f First Aid, which aims at prevention of aggravation of injury and not at cure. In short, excision of a snake bite is one of “ the duties and responsibilities of a doctor which the First Aid student must on no account take upon him self (Textbook p. 25). In such cases the Textbook instructions must be followed except that (1) the application of ligatures (which could not be used for the abdomen or eyelid) must be omitted and (2) steps taken to ensure the more speedy arrival of the doctor. Per sonally, I would commend the First Aider who exercised his discrimination in this instance and decided to administer alcoholic stimulants, which would counteract the depressing effects of the poison and also overcome the difficulty of pro moting free haemorrhage by dependent position of part, etc.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r . T r e a t m e n t o f B u r st V ar ic o se

V e in .

S. T. (Mexbro).— With bleeding from a varicose vein where the blood has clotted, would it be advisable to remove clots and apply instrumental pressure or would you allow Nature’s efforts to arrest haemorrhage to remain ? Accept my condolences on the most foolish query of the year ! First, how can bleeding occur when the blood has clotted ? Secondly, why not be truly resourceful, leave blood clots alone, avoid Meddlesome First Aid, and read your Text book (pp. 23 & 85)? Nature is evidently a better First Aider than you are !— N. C. F.

O piu m

P o iso n in g .

J. C. (Barbican).— The Textbook instructs us in Opium Poison ing to “ give ten grains of Permangamate of Potash in a p in t o f water and repeat in half an hour.” Is this correct or must the patient be thirsty ? Permanganate of Potash oxidises Morphine and is there fore an antidote to Opium Poisoning. Excess of fluid passed into the stomach will serve to dilute the poison and also to facilitate the act of vomiting. For these reasons two pints of fluid is good treatment and by no means excessive.— N. C. F St r y c h n in e

P o iso n in g .

E. C. (Tufnell Park).— With reference to this poison the Text book (p. 157) reads— “ The patient rests on his head and feet, and the body is arched.” I suppose that additional words “ during convulsions ” are understood. Your suggestion is correct. If adopted, it would prevent the very common misconception that cases of Strychnine Poisoning spend their time continuously in the arched back position. Refer to Query of July, 1917.— N. C. F. C a m p h o r P o iso n in g.

J. C. (Barbican).— A child aged three years swallowed a table spoonful of strong Camphorated Oil. What is the right treatment? Under which group of poisons does this case come ? Poisoning by Camphorated Oil frequently gives rise to alarming symptoms with profound Collapse, but is rarely fatal. A tablespoonful of the oil would contain about a teaspoonful of Camphor, which is an Irrito Narcotic poison. Death has re sulted in a child from swallowing a piece the size of a nut. The treatment is (1) doctor at once ; (2) emetic of mustard and water ; (3) external warmth by blankets, hot bottles, fric tion, etc. ; (4) stimulation by inhalation of ether or ammonia. Withhold administration of Alcohol and Sal Volatile which would dissolve and hasten absorption of Camphor.— N. C. F.

— FIRST

August, 19 18. T ransport of F ractured

P elvis a n d

R ibs.

S, T. (Mexbro).— With simple fractures of pelvis and ribs, what is the correct method of transport if the patient is lying in a confined space where it is not possible for bearers to work on both sides of patient ? My experience is that Exercise No. Ill, is unsuitable, and causes increased pain to the patient during the necessary movements. The best method would be to pass bandages under patient and tie to the poles as for Fractured Spine (Textbook, p. 52), and then to remove patient as in Exercise No. III. (p. 193) by three bearers, who would support the Weight by means of the poles and bandages instead of passing their hands under patient’s body. This combination of methods ought to meet the difficulties of the situation and save the patient much pain and jolting.— N. C. F. D oses o f E m e t ic .

AID.—

H. (Dudley).— (1) Why have the doses of mustard and salt been doubled in the Revised Textbook ? In my experience of over fourteen years’ Brigade work I have always suc ceeded in obtaining the desired result with half a tumbler ful of the emetic (old dosage). Again, (2) in a recent S J.A.A. examination, a candidate gave the new doses and was promptly corrected by the examiner, who halved his quantifies according to previous issues of Textbook.

(1) Ask the Committee of Revision. As a fact, the quanti ties now given are the ordinary official doses for emetics, and even with these (unlike yourself) I have seen patients slowly swallow a tumblerful and still smile ! If, however, the draught is made sufficiently nauseous and swallowed rapidly , then no stomach can retain it. (2) I presume your examiner had not observed the altera tion of doses in the Revised Textbook.— N. C. F.

A S K

Y 0 U R C

H E M I

S T F 0 R

REGULARLY H .M . F l e e t Surgeons, R A .M .C . Surgeons, R ed C r o s s Surgeons, C r o ix R o u g e F r a ii c a i s e .

USED

BY:

B e l g i a n Field hospitals, F r en ch Field H osp itals, N u m e r o u s M ilitary h osp itals, M e m b e r s of S t . John A m bulance.

M E N L E Y & J A M E S , Ltd., 39, Farrlngdon Road, LONDON, E.C.1.

In d ic a tio n

for

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Contractors to H.M. Government.

D. B. (York) sends a lengthy letter in which he complains that an examiner penalised him for omitting Laborde’s method of artificial respiration in a case of complicated fracture of ribs and dislocation of knee joint, and asks for an explana tion of such treatment. It is impossible to answer this query in view of the absence of all the facts. No examiner would expect a candidate to resort to artificial respiration with such injuries unless and until there were indications of cessation of breathing. I suspect that a serious change was supposed to have taken place in the condition of the patient while under your observation, and that you failed to ascertain this fact by judicious questions addressed to the examiner.— N.C.F. T reatm ent of

In f a n t il e

C o n vu lsio n s.

D. M. (Bedlinog).— How long should a child in convulsions be kept in a warm bath, and what would be the next step in treatment ? The utility of the warm bath for infantile convulsions is questionable. It is probably of real service only when the on set of fever is the exciting cause, and is contra-indicated if the child cannot be placed in bed between warm blankets imme diately after the bath. The Textbook (p. 148) now gives 1520 minutes as the maximum period for immersion in water.— N.C.F. M eddlesom e

F irst A id .

W. B. (Victoria).— In a recent railway accident the fireman 01 a train found a man ’with simple fractures of both legs. He told the bystanders to leave the patient alone until he came back with splints, &c. On his return, he found that some soldiers had picked the man up and, in so doing, had converted the simple into compound fractures. There is now every possibility of the patient losing one of his legs. Could the First Aider have done more ? Yes. Reference to the Qualifications of a First Aider (Textbook p. 22) suggests the following criticisms. First, the

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t Vast modern factory resources, added to a century’ s experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge compari son with an y other clothing of equal quality. Prices and Samples on request.

16,

NILE

C ITY

ROAD,

STREET, LONDON,

N . 1.,

a n d a t 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M IL L E R S TR E E T, GLASGOW .

3®

— FIRST

fireman by reason of his knowledge of First Aid was in charge of the case. If he had been truly resourceful he would not have left the patient except in charge of some responsible person. Secondly, if it was essential for him to leave the patient and if such assistant was not available, then he should have been more explicit in explaining the dangers of careless manipulations and more discriminating in taking care that his orders would be accurately carried out. Further, the fireman could have at least tied limb to limb or have improvised some appliance found on the engine (e.g., spanner) as emergency apparatus.— N.C. F.

AID. —

August, 1918.

The St. John Ambulance Association.

T lF E -S A V IN G LECTURES.

J. G. S. (Tipton).— If by “ S.J.A.B.” you mean the St. John Ambulance Brigade, then you cannot be a member of two Divisions. So you must make a choice, otherwise you can seek practice where you like and in as many divisions as you like.— E d i t o r .

Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

Miss Croft, of 119, Church-road, Hove, Sussex, has started a class on Home Hygiene, commencing on August 2nd. If a sufficient number join there will be an examina tion at the end of the course of about 10 lectures. Fee, 3s. 6d. for the course.

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER in any part of Engtand, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U LA N C E AND M IN E S R ES C U E M O VEM EN TS.

Ambulance Officer C. Hanmer gave his lecture to the members of the Pontefract Corps on August n th . The proceeds, which amount to ^ 7 0 , will be devoted to the Brigade Hospital. The secretary of the corps says —“ My advice to all divisions who have not heard Hanmer is : hire a picture house or theatre and get the services of Hanmer. They will never regret it.”

I.— L IF E S A V IN G . P opular F irst Aid Lecture.

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the

O f f ic ia l F i r s t A id F il m . The film is at piesent shown in licensed Halls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged.

The Americans are understood to be organising a sys tem of first aid by aeroplane. The doctor takes the place of the observer. The immediate object seems to be to render prompt assistance to men whose aeroplanes have been seen to fall from the flying aid posts which are part of the system. According to Pearson’s Weekly a fire-engine and an ambulance follow, so "that the effects of accident are remedied by every means. An air-man’s Ambulance Service has an up-to-date sound which we hope will fulfil expectations. Dr. J. Johnston, the well-known Bolton practitioner, has been presented with the Long Service silver medal of the Order of St. John, in recognition of his twenty-seven years’ service to the St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade. Dr. Johnston has for some time past be en en gaged as medical officer at the Townley Hospitals, Bolton ; and the presentation was made by Corps Supt. F. Lomax, at the request of Colonel Trimble, C.B., C.M.G., V . D , commanding the North-Western District. For a long period Dr. Johnston has been an enthusiast in ambulance work in Bolton and district— as Voluntary Instructor to a great many classes, Examiner for the Association, and Judge of railway ambulance competitions. M <1------ -----------Co. S l i g o N u r s i n g D i v i s i o n .— Lady District Officer Miss Blandford, accompanied by Lady Supt. Mrs. Woodward (Earlsfoot Nursing Division) inspected this Division on July 16th. Lady Supt. Miss Woodmartin, recently returned from active service in a military hospital in France, was in charge. Nursing Officer Mrs. Perceval lent her beautiful grounds at Hazlewood for the inspection, and afterwards entertained the company to tea and supper. Miss Olive Jackson, Nursing Officer and Commandant, who takes charge during Miss Woodmartin’s absence, has proved a most efficient officer. All on parade were in uniform and showed great efficiency in drill, first aid and home nursing. The inspecting officer had the helpful co-operation of Dr. McDowel, County Director. It is interesting to note that the Co. Sligo Nursing Division is one of the oldest units in Ireland, having been registered in July, 1914.

II. Similar to the above, but without the film.

III. — R E S C U E W O R K IN M INES. A peep into th e life of a Miner, Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue Work in Coal Mines.

IV.

— N A T U R E A S A F I R S T AIDER . N a tu re ’ s m eth od s and h o w to f u r t h e r them .

First Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. This lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiogiaphs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject.

V. — P R A C T I C A L

FIRST

AID.

W h y e v e r y o n e should have a k n o w le d g e of F irst Aid. A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. S p e c i a l I n d u c e m e n t s a r e o f fe r e d to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

No entertainment tax is payable in respect of any of the above, provided that no music or other extraneous amusements are included in the proceedings.

F or terms and dates available apply to

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 2 0 5 . D o n caster Near

R oad, G o ldth o rp e, R otherham .

Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.” V -

— FIRST

August, 19 1 8

HOM E

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1 12, S t . G e o r g e ’s R o a d , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams. By HOWARD M. PRESTON, Dem onstrator to the Polytechnic. 116 Illus. Price, is. net; postage 2d.

Apply ( i t a m p ) to M r . J . E. W a l d e n , Sec., W estminster College (Lady Dispensers Section of the W estminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874),

T R A IN IN G

(<oth thousand).

Systems of Body accurately indexed. Invaluable to Students of Anatomy, Medicine, First-Aid and Allied Subjects. Price 2S. net; postage,----2d.

S A N IT A R Y

W ORDS.

By the Same Author. Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2 d . Cloth, 4d.

at o n c e .

EXCEPTIONAL

FEW

N U R S IN G

TH E

Courses

F IR S T -A ID .

By the Same Author. With Coloured Diagrams. 12 pp. Folder. Paper, 2 d .

POSTAL IN STR U C TIO N In “ PRESCRIPTION and “ ELEMENTARY DISPENSING.” R E A D IN G ” E veryone

By J. M. CARVELL, M.R.C.S., L.S.A.Lond. A vade-mecum for the Ambulance Worker. F.cap.8vo. Post free, is . 2 d .

D A L E , R E Y N O L D S & C O ., L td ., 4 6 , C a n n o n S tr e e t, L on d o n , E.C. 4 .

above

r e s c r ib e r .

By for

P o s t f r e e 7d .

FIRST S id n e y

AID H.

SIMPLIFIED.

Lam b.

A Handbook in a tabulated ard simplified form giving the main points in first aid, so arranged as to impress them on the memory of the student.

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., I ONDON, E,C.4.

OR SALE, a juanlily of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co., 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

OR S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

“ F IR S T Q U ER Y

and

A I D ’’

R E P L IE S

CO U PO N .

To be cut out and enclosed with a ll Queries A ugust,

1918.

Printed and Published by Dale , R eynolds & Co., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., London, E.C.4., to whom all communications should be addressed.

F IR S T AID AND

THE -----

ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited b y A R T H U R No. 291.—

o l

XXV.

SEPTEM BER,

DALE. {Entered at Staitoners’ Hall.]

1918.

PRICE TH R E E P E N C E

( 3/8

P er

A n n u m , P ost

ately attended, no matter of what trivial nature.

N O T IC E

READERS.

Free]

It is only

by this means that fatal accidents arising from such cases can be reduced.

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d. Its aim and object being the advancement of Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for Publication ) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE,

REYNOLDS & 46,

a n n o n

C O .,

t r e e t

L L

t d

o n d o n

E.C. 4.

ED ITO RIAL. c a s e

was reported in the Press this

First Aid to

month of a child pricking its face with

Minor

a pin, thereby setting up acute mening

Injuries.

itis, which resulted in death. this

case

because

it is

the

We cite second

which has come to our notice within a short time, the other being a girl who pricked her finger with a loom needle, which, owing to neglect of treatment, resulted in amputa tion of the forearm.

There seems to be a tendency among

workpeople to neglect to seek treatment for their minor injuries, looking upon them as trivial.

In 99 per cent, of

the cases they a r e ; but as the two cases recorded above show, there is the risk, which could be greatly reduced if proper treatment were at once obtained.

good in reducing street and workshop accidents

by in

structing people to exercise care, in the same way its scope could be increased by instructing them to have their minor injuries attended, and we would suggest that the committee should print a small poster dealing with this subject, for we feel sure it would be the means of reducing unnecessary suffering, and at the same time perhaps prevent the loss of life.

Telegraphic A ddress: “ Twenty-four , London." Telephone No. 3477 Bank.

The Safety First movement has done a great deal of

Many of the

workshops of this country have properly equipped ambu lance stations on their premises, but a great many of these minor injuries do not come within their scope, for the simple reason that the workpeople will not trouble themselves to have these minor cases of injury attended to.

It is for

those who are in charge of these stations to impress upon workpeople the necessity of having their injuries immedi

H ow

G et

C in d e r

Out

th e

Eye.

N i n e persons out of every ten, with a cinder or other foreign substance in the eye, will instantly begin to rub the eye with one hand while hunting for the handkerchief with the other. They may, and sometimes do, remove the offending cinder, but more frequently they rub till the eye becomes inflamed, bind a handkerchief around the head and go to bed. This is all wrong. T he better way is not to rub the eye with the cinder in at all, but rub the other eye as vigorously as you like. A few years since I was riding on the engine of the fast express from Binghamton to Corning. The engineer, an old schoolmate of mine, threw open the front window, and I caught a cinder that gave me the most excruciating pain. I began to rub the eye with both hands. “ Let your eye alone, and rub the other 'eye ” (this from the engineer). I thought he was chafing me, and worked the harder. “ I know you doctors think you know it all, but if you let that eye alone and rub the other one, the cinder will be out in two minutes,” persisted the engineer. I began to rub the other eye, and I soon felt the cinder down near the inner canthus, and made ready to take it out. “ Let it alone and keep at the well eye,” shouted the doctor pro tem. I did so for a minute longer, and, looking in a small glass he gave me, 1 found the offender on my cheek. Since then I have tried it many times, and have ad vised many others, and I have never known it to fail in one instance (unless it was as sharp as a piece of steel or some thing that cut into the ball and required an operation to remove it). Why it is so I do not know. But that it is so I do know, and that one may be saved much suffering if they will let the injured eye alone and rub the well eye. Try it.

— M edical Summary.

— FIRST

3h< Grand f r io r g of th i G rd ir of the h ospita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE

fjhe S t.

e p u t y

o m m is s io n e r

DEPARTMENT.

.Ambulance Brigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

No. 1 District. D

Jo h n

W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E. O C T O B E R , 1918. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 6th.— No. 1 Division, St. John’s Gate. „ 13th.— No. 2 „ Haggerston. „ 20th.— No. 5 „ Hackney. „ 27th - No. 10 „ St. Mark’s. From 2.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. P R E S E N T A T I O N O F M E D A L S BY T H E CH IEF C O M M I S S I O N E R A T C O M B I N E D DRILL. On Saturday, September 14th, the Chief Commissioner, Colonel Sir James Clark, Bt., C.B., attended at Temple Gardens to present Medals and Bars to the members of the Prince of Wales’s Corps. The meeting was the last of a series of combined drills which have been held for the purpose of giving new Divisions of the Prince of Wales’s Corps the practice of drilling together under the Corps Superintendent, and at the conclusion of the drill the Chief Commissioner presented Medals, etc., to the following members :—

Medals. Dr. J. Stanley Davies, No. 16 New Cross Division. Sergt. Richardson, No. 11 Wembly and Harlesden Division. Acting-Cpl. Hayes, No. 11 Wembly and Harlesden Division. Pte. A. J. Shrimplin, No. 6 Cyclist Division. Nursing Sister H. Arnold, No. 1 Nursing Children’s Home Division. Nursing Sister E. Arnold, No. 1 Nursing [Children’s Home Division. Nursing Sister V. Pell, No. 2, St. John’s Gate Division.

Bars. Nursing Officer A. M. Dicketts, No. 2 Nursing, St. John’s Gate Division. 1st Class Sergt. Lomas, No. 7, Toynbee Hall, Division. Sergt. Storrar, No. 9, St. John’s Gate, No. 2 Division. Sergt. Gray, No. 10, St. Mark's Division. Nursing Sister Huggins, No. 2, St. John’s Gate Division. A Certificate from the Order of St. John was also pre sented to Sergt. E. M. Polan, of the No. 1 Division, for recog nition of War Services. The Commissioner, addressing the gathering, stated that Sir James Clark attended at great personal inconvenience, as he was at present acting as D.D.M.S., London District, but he had managed to snatch a short time from his duties to which he would return at the close of the ceremony. Sir James Clark then addressed the Parade, congratulated them on their smart appearance, and mentioned the valuable services the members of the Brigade had rendered throughout the country through the Military Home Hospital Reserve and the Royal Naval Sick Berth Reserves. He stated they had rendered a service to the country which could hardly be estimated. He was aware that some of them might feel they had a grievance, inasmuch as some of them were drafted into Infantry Regiments later on, and this may have implied a breach of contract. He could assure them that this action was only taken in consequenee of severe National stress, and he felt sure they would recognise this and remain loyal to the Brigade after the war was over. D IVISIO N AL O ffic e rs

and

M em b e rs

DR ILL. C h arg e

D iv is io n s

are

AID. —

S eptem ber, 19 18.

requested to notify Headquarters as to the day, hour, and place of meeting for their Divisional Drills, as it is proposed to arrange for the Corps Superintendent in conjunction with another Officer from Headquarters to visit the various Divi sions from time to time. P O L IC E C O M P E T I T I O N . The Annual Fete in aid of the Police Orphanage was held at Regent’s Park on August 29th last. Advantage was taken of the opportunity to hold competitions amongst teams of the various air raid workers registered with the Police for that duty. A representative team of various bodies assisting the police took part, and in the men’s competition resulted in the St. John Ambulance Brigade team coming first with a score of ninety-six marks, followed by a team from the South Eastern and Chatham Railway Corps with forty-one marks. In the women’s competitions the St, John Ambulance Brigade team were winners with fifty-nine marks as against fifty-six marks gained by teams sent from Addiscombe, Croydon. The British Red Cross entered a team, and succeeded in obtaining twentynine marks. The result must be highly gratifying to the District, and reflects great credit on the competitors, and especially District Surgeon C. J. R. MacFadden, who devoted considerable time to the training of the respective teams. (Signed) W. H. W IN N Y ,

Deputy-Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwel

E.C.

IM P O R T A N T N OTIC E. Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

No. 4 District. B i r k e n h e a d . — On August 29th a presentation was made to Mr. W. Johnson on his resignation from the Cammell Laird Corps. Mr. Johnson held the position of Corps Supt. and his resigning has caused much regret. Mr. H. M. Hinchliffe presided, and in the course of his remarks spoke most highly of the splendid work done by Mr. Johnson in the shipyard of Messrs. Cammell, Laird & Co., Ltd. The presentation, which was made by Corps Officer F. Phoenix, took the form of a handsome silver tea-service from the officers and men of the Corps. Mr. Phoenix gave many instances of the work accomplished by Mr. Johnson in the works, town and hospitals among the wounded soldiers and civilians. Mrs. Murray Mackie, Lady Divisional Superintendent, pre sented a silver hot-water jug on behalf of the Nursing Division, and thanked Mr. Johnson for the help and instruction given so willingly to the members. Mr. Johnson, in his reply, thanked them for their kind remarks and the tokens of their appreciation for his work among them, and then gave a brief history of the S.J.A.B. work done since 1912, when the Cammell Laird Corps started. In 1914, when the war began, this Corps was the only organ ised body of men in Birkenhead trained in first aid and able to do hospital duty. Since then the good work had gone on, and now there were six ambulance divisions, three nursing divisions and three St. John V.A.D.’s in the town. A hearty vote of thanks was passed to Mr. H. M. Hinch liffe for presiding.

No. 5 District. S h e f f i e l d . — There are two General Military Hospitals in Sheffield, besides numerous Auxiliary Hospitals, consequently, the Sheffield Corps has been, and is, able to maintain the standard of efficiency of the organisation, by taking full ad vantage of the scope thus provided for its utility. By their willingness, devotion, and self-sacrifice, the mem bers have been able to fill a real gap in the Hospital personnel, e.g., the Corps provides men for orderly duties every night, the members selected commence duty at 8 p.m., and remain until relieved at 5 o’clock the next morning.

September, 19 18.

— FIRST

Further, in the event of a convoy of wounded arriving, no matter at what hour, all members turn out to assist at the Station in the detraining. As practically the whole of the work falls upon the Corps, a squad of men are always on duty at the Corps headquarters, and when the news of the arrival is re ceived, their duty is to warn other members. As a result of this arrangement, sufficient willing hands are always present awaiting the arrival of the train. Apart from these, and other public duties which the Corps perform, must be mentioned those which are carried out on the alarm being given of the approach of enemy aircraft. As a mark of appreciation of all the work done by the Corps since the commencement of the war, the*Corps Officers invited members and their wives and friends to a Field Day. On Bank Holiday, August 5th, the Corps betook itself to the beautiful Bagshawe Park, kindly lent for the occasion by Mrs. Isherwood Bagshawe, of Norton Hall. Here, in the afternoon, a series of sports was arranged, the prizes for which were very kindly given by the members and friends of the Corps. In all there were 233 entries for 13 events, with 46 prizes, which Assistant-Commissioner H. C. Else presented on the ground after the sports. An excellent tea was provided by the Corps Officers at the Bagshawe Arms close by, to which 180 persons sat down. After the tea, a concert was given by members and friends, at which the Assistant-Commissioner presided. This brought to a close what will be remembered by the Corps as a Red Letter day in its history.

No. 8 District. M A I D S T O N E . — A plucky action was performed by one of the members of the Division— Mr. Pargeter— on August 14th. While attending a school fete one of the children fell down a disused well 100 ft. deep. Mr. Pargeter immediately on learn ing of this occurrence volunteered to descend the well, and by the aid of ropes he was lowered, and was the means of recover ing the body of the child. The coroner and foreman of the jury complimented Mr. Pargeter on his plucky action.

No. 12 (Irish) District. We are pleased to note the names of the following mem bers of the No. 12 (Irish) District recently mentioned by the Secretary of State for War for Red Cross Services :— Mrs. Harry Greer, Mrs. D. H. Lane, Mrs. Leslie-Ellis, Mrs. Horace Law, Miss Rachel Mahaffy, Miss Muriel Pde' Mrs. Ramadge, Mrs. E. H. Oiseau Robinson, The Marchioness of Waterford, Mrs. Isobel Watson and Mr. Reginald H. Keatinge. The annual cup competition and inspection of the Nenagh and Borrisokane Nursing Divisions were held at the Tennis Grounds, Nenagh, on August 28th. The examiners were Dr. Morton, Birr ; Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Woodward and Lady Corps Officer Miss Blandford. Four teams competed two from each division, and the cup was won by a Nenagh team composed of Miss Poe (captain) the Misses M. and' A. Hodgins and Miss M. Dagg. A Borrisokane team (runners up for the Irish Women’s Challenge Cup in June) was second. Sir John Lumsden, K.B.E., M.D., subsequently inspected the divisions and inspected the prizes. He heartily congratu lated the members on their efficiency and smart appearance. Dr. G. A. Johns, who from 1913 onwards has been giving lectures to the Nenagh Division and helping in its work was the recipient of a handsome presentation. In connection with the competition and inspection a fete was held for the Co. Tipperary “ Our Day ” effort, which it is hoped will result in a substantial addition to that fund. Much credit is due to the organisers of the fete and to the divisional officers of the S.J.A.B., who are untiring in their efforts in connection with their work. An interesting item of ambulance work in Dublin is the attendance, by request of the management, at all performances at the Empire Theatre of men of the City of Dublin Division

AID. —

under Supt. R. W. Jameson, and nursing sisters of the St. Stephen’s Green Nursing Division, under Lady Supt. Mrs. R. J. Rowlette. During the past year many cases of accident and illness have been attended to, and the service rendered is much appreciated by the management, staff, artistes, and the public attending the theatre. N a a s N u r s i n g D i v i s i o n . — This Division w a s the out come of a very small First-aid class, started by Miss Moore, at her home, in August, 1911. Classes in first aid and home nursing, taught gratuitously by Dr. O’Donel Browne, M.D., continued thoughout 1912, and on February 19th, 1913, the Naas Nursing Division came into existence. Its officers were Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Mills, Lady Divisional Sec. Miss Mills, Lady Divisional Treasurer, Miss V. Moore, and Divi sional Surgeon Dr. O’Donel Browne. In June of that year a team of four of its members, won the Irish Women's Ambulance Cup, at the Dublin Competition. On September 2nd, 1914, the Division was registered as a Voluntary Aid Detachment— S.J.A..B 536, Kildare 2— with Dr. Browne as Commandant, Miss Moore as Lady Divisional Supt. (Mrs. Mills being second for active service in Siberia), Miss V. Moore as secretary, Lady Albreda Bourke as quarter master, and Lady Borrowes as treasurer. The latter, however, being obliged to go to England, the treasurership was kindly undertaker by Mrs. Barton, of Straffen. A small branch of the Division was established at Car nalway, in 1915. In May, 1916, when the county hospital was started at Firmount, Dr. O ’Donel Browne was appointed county director and medical officer, and some of the members of the detachment who had been unable to volunteer for active ser vice, offered their services to the hospital and were accepted. About fourteen of the members have been, or are on active service since 1915 j two have qualified at massage ; two others run an auxiliary war hospital supply depot, and in all ; threefourths of the entire detachment are engaged in war work of some sort or another. Since the first seed of ambulance work was planted in 1911, Dr. Browne, as Divisional Surgeon, has given his services as lecturer gratuitously, and has spared neither time nor trouble in instructing the many candidates who have attended his classes. Recently,, owing to his being county director as well as divisional surgeon, he resigned the post of Commandant, which was then given to the Lady Divi sional Supt. Miss Moore. There are three nursing officers in the Division, Miss Violet Moore, Sister D. Gray and Mrs. Greer, and 34 nursing sisters.

In t e r -A l l ie d E x h i b i t i o n . — An exhibition illustrating the aftercare of wounded men took place in the Mansion House, Dublin, by kind permission of the Lord Mayor, during the week of August I2th-I7th. Demonstrations were given of the many appliances recently invented for the greater comfort of the maimed and the methods of using them. The St. John Ambulance Brigade and the British Red Cross Society were represented by a First Aid Dressing Station and by an Information Bureau, where recrpitingof new V.A.D. members was busily carried on. Mrs. Rowlette, Lady Supt! of St. Stephen’s Green Nursing Division, and Mrs. Worralli Commandant Co. Dublin No. 10 B.R.C.S., were in charge, and were assisted by V.A.D. nurses, who gave a most interesting exhibition of applying first aid dressings. The appreciation of the visitors were represented by un solicited donations of £4 2s. 8d. deposited in a collecting box.

Two First Aid Classes will be held at Toynbee Hall Commercial-street, E.

For men, Tuesday, Oct. 8th, at

7 o’clock ; women, Friday, Oct.

n t h , at 7 o’clock.

Lec

tures by Dr. Benton, M .R .C.S , M.R.C.P. Any further particulars can be had by applying to the Secretary, Toynbee Hall,

or to Class Secretary,

street, Walthamstow, E.17. and examination.

16, Daventry-avenue, Hoe-

Fee 5s , including Text Book

— F IR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOH N

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

S eptem ber, 1 9 ) 8

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. O fficia l

B r ig a d e

u g u s t

N ew s.

1918.

T he Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No. 2 D i s t r i c t . City of Bristol Corps (J. S. Fry & Sons Division).— Hugh Hampden Pridie, M.B., C.M., to be Divisional Surgeon, 12.8.18., vice Divisional Surgeon E. G. Hall, M.B., resigned. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Leicester Corps (Syston Nursing Steeds to be Nursing Officer, 3.8.18. be Nursing Officer, 4.18 .8. Birmingham Nursing Corps Division).— Miss Rose Edith Toney

Division).— Mrs. Marion Mrs. Annie Hopcroft to (Headquarters Nursing to be Nursing Officer,

3 .1 8 .1 8 .

North-East Warwickshire Corps (White and Poppe’s Nursing Division.— Choyce A. Bott to be Nursing Officer, 3 1.8 .1 8 .

No. 4 D i s t r i c t . Kirton Division.— Arthur Ward to be Ambulance Officer, 7 .8 .1 8.

No. 5. D i s t r i c t . Spen Valley Corps (Heckmondwike and Liversedge Nurs ing Division.— Mary Ellen Chappell to be Lady Divisional Supt., 17.7.18, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss H. Thornton, resigned. Derby Nursing Division.— Mrs. Alice Haddon to be Nurs ing Officer, 7.8.18, vice Miss Field resigned. N o .

i s t r ic t

Dunston-on-Tyne Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss I. Maughan resigned her appointment, 9.8.18. Stella Coal Co. Corps (Addison Colliery Nursing Division). — Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. S. B. Robson resigned her appointment, 1 5 .6 .1 8 . Mrs. Alice Mary Simpson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6.8.18. Sunderland Transport Division.— Arthur Sinclair Young to be Divisional Supt., 7.8.18. Malton and Norton Nursing Division.— James E. Long, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.8.18. Hull Corps (N.E.R. Hull Nursing Division).— Miss Ethel May Grove to be Lady Divisional Supt., 10.8.10. Hull Corps (Young Peoples Institute Nursing Division.— Mrs. Agnus Skelton to be Nursing Officer, 10.8.18. Willington Quay and N. Howden Nursing Division.— Miss Hannah Maddison to be Lady Divisional Supt., 29.8.18. No. 7 D i s t r i c t . Shrewsbury Corps (Hanwood Division-).— Samuel Joseph George to be Divisional Supt., 17.8.18, vice Divisional Supt. Dr. Riley, resigned. No.

is t r ic t

Dover Nursing Division.— John Reginald Long, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H., to be Divisional Surgeon, 1.8.18. Maidstone Nursing Division.— Mrs. Charlotte Falwasser to be Lady Divisional Supt., 28.8.18. Miss Evelyn M. Dunmill to be Nursing Officer, 28.8.18. Brighton and Hove Corps (Hove Nursing Division).— Elizabeth Baldwin Ireland to be Nursing Officer, 22.8.18, vice Miss Clemante promoted to District Officer. Brighton and Hove Corps (Brighton Nursing Division).— Miss Edith Dorothy Andrews to be Nursing Officer, 28.8.18.

Tunbridge Wells Division.— William Ambulance Officer, 31.8.18.

Harmer to be

No. 9 D l S T R f C T . Newton Abbot Corps (Newton Abbot Division).— James John S. Scrase, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, -3.8.18. No. 12 D i s t r i c t . Portarlington Nursing Division.— Mrs. C. Dorothy Odium to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6.8.18. Mrs. Florence Fincher to be Nursing Officer, 6.8.18. Thomas William Rice, L.R.C.P. and S., L.A.N., L.M., to be Divisional Surgeon, 6.8.18. A

m a l g a m a t i o n

o f

u r s i n g

i v is io n s

Temple Ewell Nursing Division amalgamated with Dover Nursing Division, which will in future be known as ‘ Dover and Temple Ewell Nursing Division.” N

e w

iv is io n

No. 2 D i s t r i c t . Cheltenham Corps.— Sunningend Division, 12.8.18. R

o l l

o f

o n o u r

Appleton, Corpl. A. F., Reading, M.H.H.R. Athorn, Pte. H., Pontefract, M.H.H.R. Bell, Corpl. H. S., Blaydon-on-Tyne, Royal Engineers. Bishop, Pte. H. G., Gloucester Wagon Works, M.H.H.R. Chapman, Miss M. D., South Shields, V.A.D. Cowley, Pte. N., Hetton-le-Hole, M.H.H.R. Foxton, Pte. G., Walthamstow, M.H.H.R. Hemming, Sergt C. H., Rugby, M.H.H.R. Hill, Pte. G. H., Whitworth, M.H.H.R. Holt, Corpl. J. W., Crawshawbooth, M.H.H.R. Kavanagh, Pte. Wm., Dawdon Colliery, M.H.H.R. Martindale, Pte. H., Bradford Tramways, R.A.M.C. Tottle, Pte. J., Exeter, M.H.H.R. The Chief Commissioner regrets to report the death of Ambulance Office R. M. Saville, Pease’s West Division. M

i l i t a r y

e c o r a t io n s

a n d

w a r d s

Smith, Pte. F., Toynbee Hall, French Croix de Guerre. Truslove, Pte. L., Smethwick, Military Medal. In "the Brigade Orders, |“ Military Decorations,” in the August issue, W. R. Knaggs, Whitby Division, No. 6 District, was described as a Private, R.A.M.C., this should have been Sergeant. F ir s t A id in D r e a m l a n d . — An active member of one of the Nursing Divisions of the Brigade in the London area, troubled with mosquito bites on the leg, before going to bed secured an alkaline dressing on the affected part in the most approved fashion with a figure of 8 bandage, fastening off with a safety pin in the usual way. In the middle of the night she dreamed that there was an air raid and amongst the casualties was a patient whose leg required bandaging. Finding herself short of apparatus and being of a resourceful turn of mind, she instinctively bethought herself in her dreams of the bandage on her own leg, which she proceeded to take off and roll up preparatory to treat ing the patient. Here the dream broke off, as dreams have a habit of doing . . . . but on awakening in the morning she found the bandage lying on her pillow, neatly and tightly rolled up and fixed with the safety pin !

Septem ber, 1 9 i 8

— F IR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

T h e L a t e E d w in F re sh fie ld , L L .D ., F .S .A . B y the death of Dr. Freshfield, who passed away at his home at Lower Kingswood, Surrey, on Sunday, ist Sep tember, the Order of St. John has lost one of its oldest and most zealous workers. Dr. Freshfield was born on 26th November, 1832, was educated at Winchester and Trinity, Cambridge, and, after serving eighteen months on H.M.S. “ Firebrand” in the Black Sea during the Crimean War, entered the legal profession, and in 1858 succeeded his father and grand father as one of the solicitors to the Bank of England. In 1861 he married the daughter of Mr. J. F. Hanson, of the Levant Company, whom he first met at Smyrna while the “ Firebrand ” was refitting there. Through her he inherited property in Smyrna, which he used to visit

h e

l a t e

d w in

r e s h f i e l d

LL.D., F.S.A.

every autumn, until the outbreak of war. In the course of his travels he acquired an exhaustive knowledge of the geography of the Near East and was able from intimate first-hand knowledge to describe the journeys of St. Paul, especially those in Asia Minor. He was also an authority on the liturgy of the Greek Church and on Byzantine archi tecture. Amongst the ways in which he turned this knowl edge to account was by designing a Mission Church on the plan of St Eirene at Constantinople, which was built at Lower Kingswood and dedicated to “ The Wisdom of God.” He presented to this Church a collection of marbles, chiefly connected with the Church of St. John at Ephesus and the Monastery at Constantinople, which he had made at Smyrna and Ephesus. Amongst his early pastimes was the rubbing of brasses, and he used to tell how, after the restoration of Winchester

JOHN

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

College Chapel, during which the brasses there were destroyed, he had duplicates made from his rubbings and presented them to the Chapel, where they still remain. He was a vice-president of the Society of Antiquaries and for several years its treasurer. Dr. Freshfield joined the Order of St. John as a Knight of Grace in 1877, was promoted to Knight of Justice on the Eve of St. John in 1888, to Honorary Co m mander in 1903, and to Honorary Bailiff in 1910. He held the office of Librarian from 1878 to 1884, when he was appointed Receiver-General, which office he held until the autumn of 1917. It was largely through his efforts that the Order obtained its Charter of Incorporation in 1888, and he closely identified himself with the restora tion of St. John’s Gate and the erection of the Chapter Hall. In recognition of his distinguished services his arms were placed in 1911 in one of the lights of the north window of the Council Chamber. During the restoration of the crypt of the Prioiy Church in Clerkenwell, excavations disclosed masonry, which proved that the nave was originally round, and Dr. Freshfield defrayed the expense of further excavations, which brought to light further portions of the foundations of the early nave. His interest in the Church led him to take the initiative in the purchase of its advowson by the Ordt r He also was the prime mover in the acquisition of the advowson of Little Maplestead Church, which is one of the four round-nave churches still existing in England, the others being the Temple Church, London, and churches at Northampton and Cambridge. Shortly before his death he became the Lord of the Manor of Little Maplestead. In January, 1890, he founded an Ambulance Station beneath the steps of the west front of St. Paul’s Cathedral. As Receiver-General he was Chairman of the Finance Committee of the Order and Treasurer of the British Ophthalmic Hospital, Jerusalem. On the Wednesday following his death he was buried at Kingswood, the first part of the service being read at the Mission Church at Lower Kingswood which he built. On the following day a Memorial Service was held at the Priory Church, Clerkenwell, when the Bishop of South wark, formerly head master of Winchester, and for many years an intimate friend of Dr. Freshfield, gave a short address, in which he referred to the diversity of Dr. Freshfield’s interests and bore personal testimony to his fine character, sound judgment, loyalty to the Order and his friends, and his love for his old school. Canon Sheppard, the Archdeacon of London, and the Rev. T. C. Elsdon (rector of the parish) also took part in the service, which was attended by many members of the Order and Dr. Freshfield’s friends. Amongst those pre sent were Sir John Hewett (Chancellor), the Rt. Hon. Evelyn Cecil, M.P. (Secretary-General), Sir Dyce Duck worth (Almoner), Sir Alfred Scott-Gatty (Genealogist), Mr. W. R. Edwards (Secretary), Sir John Furley, Mr. A. F. G. Leveson-Gower, Sir Edward Thackeray, Sir William Bennett, Sir John Freshfield and daughters, Sir William Leese, Colonel Browne-Synge-Hutchinson, General Sir Leslie Rundle, Sir Mackenzie Chalmers, Mr. E. C. Cole, Sir Gordon Nairne, Sir Thomas Sutherland and Mr. J. F. P. Rawlinson, K.C., M.P. The St. John Ambulance Bri gade was represented by Commissioner W. H. Winny and a number of other officers and members of the Prince of Wales’s Corps. Mr. F. W. Pixley (Receiver-General) was unable, owing to illness, to be present at the service for his predecessor in office. The Earl of Plymouth (Sub-Prior), Sir Herbert Perrott (Bailiff of Eagle), the Earl of Ranfurly (Director of the Ambulance Department), Sir Herbert

— FIR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

Jskyll (late Chancellor), Sir James Clark (Chief Commis sioner of the Brigade), and Major-General J. C. Dalton (Chief Commissioner of the Brigade Overseas) were also unavoidably absent.

The

O rder of

th e

J e r u sa le m

r ig a d e

H o sp ita l P rio ry

e a r

—

fo r

n n u a l

S t.

John

W a le s.

e t u r n s

Brigade year for the futuie, and including the current year shall commence on the 1st January and terminate on the 31st December. Returns for the current year should be made up to the 31st December, and the figures for the 15 months included.

h e

a r

e r v ic e

a d g e

A list of those qualified for the War Service Badge, as approved by the Chapter General of the Order, shall be submitted. T he award of the Badge is limited to certificate holders, whose work has been voluntary, and are able to comply with the following conditions :— (1) Workers in hospitals for two years. (2) Members of V.A.D.s with two white or red stripes. (3) Ambulance drivers or attendants who have responded to a minimum of 100 calls for duty involving in all a minimum of 250 hours’ work. (4) Workers in buffets, canteens, or workrooms, having made a minimum attendance of 1,000 hours. ( 5 ) Airraid relief workers and others undertaking perilous duties, whose cases will be con sidered on their merits. If you or any of your members are entitled to receive the Badge, please let me have, for certain, before Septem ber 7th, their names and addresses, with particulars of the work done, and the dates. In each case the account of the work done should be signed by the matron of the hospital, the officer in charge of the ambulance transport, canteen, workroom, or air raid squad respectively. M

o n s

ib b o n

a r a d e

u n e

15th, 1918.

I have pleasure in circulating the following letter re ceived from the Right Honourable The Earl of Plymouth, Sub-Prior of the Order of St. John, Priory for Wales :— D

e a r

e w i s

,—

I s h o u l d l i k e t o t e l l y o u h o w m u c h p l e a s u r e it g a v e m e a s S u b - P r io r o f th e P rio ry for W a le s to in sp ec t s u ch a s p le n d i d g a t h e r i n g o f m e m b e r s o f th e St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r i g a d e o n p a r a d e o n J u n e 15th a t C a r d iff, o n t h e o c c a sion of th e d is trib u tio n o f th e R ib b o n o f th e M e d a l g a in e d b y t h o s e m e m b e r s o f t h e B r i g a d e w h o h a d s e r v e d w ith th e E x p e d i t i o n a r y F o r c e i n B e l g i u m a n d in F r a n c e i n t h e a u t u m n o f 1914. W e d e s i r e d to d o all h o n o u r to t h o s e to w h o m th is m e d a l w as a w ard ed , a n d th e p re se n c e on p a r a d e o f N u r s in g D iv isio n s, so m e o f w h o m h a d ta k e n a lo n g jo u r n e y from d is ta n t p a rts o f W a le s , su ch , for in s ta n c e , a s th e N u r s in g D iv isio n s from W e ls h p o o l, a n d o th e rs, g re a tly a d d e d to th e im p o r ta n c e o f th e o ccasio n . T h e d ifficulties o f tra v e llin g a r e g r e a t a t th is tim e , a n d I w is h t o g iv e t h e s p e c ia l t h a n k s o f t h e P r i o r y to all t h o s e w h o by th e ir a tte n d a n c e on p a ra d e e n a b le d us to m a k e th e c e r e m o n y w o rth y o f th e sp ecial o ccasio n . I s h o u l d b e v e r y g l a d if y o u w o u ld , t h r o u g h th e O ffic e rs in c h a r g e o f t h e D i v i s i o n s , m a k e k n o w n t h e s e few w o rd s o f t h a n k s to th o s e p r e s e n t o n p a r a d e o n J u n e th e 1 5 th .— I a m , Y o u rs sin c e re ly , P

l y m o u t h

AM BULANCE S

u p p l y

GAZETTE. — D

e p o t

—

Se p te m ber, 19 1 8 . P

o r k i n g

a r t ie s

I am wishful to include in my report a list of the St. John Supply Depot Branches and Working Parties in the Principality. Will you kindly let me know if there are any such in your district, together with the name of the Presi dent and Secretary, and if you are able to obtain for me the number of articles sent from each Depot to the various places, it would be interesting. We much need clothing at this Central Depot for dis tribution to the St. John Hospitals in Wales, and if you are able to assist us in this direction I shall be glad. B

r ig a d e

e m b e r s

o n

e r v ic e

Will you please let me have the following informa tion :— (1) A list of members of your Division who are serving in any of His Majesty’s Forces, at home or abroad, with the full name of the Regiment or Hospital. (2) A list of those who have received Decorations or been mentioned in Dispatches, with par ticulars. (3) A list of those who have died on Service. (4) A list of those who have been discharged from the Service. A PPO IN T M E N T S

AND

P R O M O T IO N S .

I c o n f i r m t h e f o l l o w i n g :— C

o r p s

f f ic e r s

W i l l i a m s , D r . D . C ., B r y n f e d w a n , A s s i s t a n t S u r g e o n , R h o n d d a F a w r , 17-6-18 M o rris , T h o m a s , 97, T r e a la w - r o a d , T r e a la w , A s s is ta n t S e c r e t a r y , R h o n d d F a w r , 17-6-18 W i l l i a m s , A ., 137, W i l l i a m - s t r e e t , Y s t r a d , R h o n d d a , A s s i s t a n t T r e a s u r e r , R h o n d d a F a w r , 17-6-18 E n r i g h t , D a v i d T . , 25, N a n t g a r n - r o a d , C a e r p h i l l y , T r e a s u r e r , C a e r p h i l l y a n d D i s t r i c t , 17-6-18 H

o n o r a r y

e m b e r s

W y n n , H o n . M r. G ., R u g , N o r t h W a l e s , C o r w e n , 8-8-18 D iv is io n a l

S u p e r in t e n d e n t s .

J o n e s, M iss H ., D ry s c o e d , Sm ith field , P o n ta rd a w e , P o n ta rd a w e N u r s i n g , 17-6-18 R o b l i n g s , G e o r g e , L l w y n c e l y n , P o n t h e n r y , P o n t h e n r y , 17-6-18 S t r i c k l a n d , M r s . j O . , 2, B l y t h e - s t r e e t , A b e r t i l l e r y N u r s i n g , 1 7 -6 - 8 J o n e s , M rs . C. E ., H illfield , L l a n s m le t, L l a n s a m l e t N u r s i n g , 17-6-18 P a y n e , M rs. J a n e ,

F o u n d ry H o u se , T reala w ,

L lw ynpia N u rs

i n g , 5 -7 - 1 8 D a v i e s , T . L ., G a r d e n V illa g e , T r e h e r b e r t , F e r n h i l l , 5-7-18 L e w is , M rs . M ., 2 6 , W i l l i a m - s t r e e t , Y s t r a d , Y s t r a d N u r s i n g ,

5-7-18 D

iv is io n a l

u r g e o n s

M c C o r m a c , D r . S ., 179, C o m m e r c i a l - r o a d , N e w p o r t , M o n . , N e w p o r t R a i l w a y , 17-6-18 D a v i e s , D r . T . B ., G i l f a c h - r o a d , T o n y p a n d y , L l w y n y p i a N u r s in g , 5-7-18 B a k e r , D r . W . L . , 9 , A l m a - s t r e e t , T r e h e r b e r t , F e r n h i l l , 5 -7 - 1 8 T e r r y , D r . R . H e r b e r t , P e n y b r y n , N e ls o n , N e l s o n , 31-7-18 N u r s in g

O ffic e r s .

G i b b s , M r s . M . , 30, R i c h m o n d - r o a d , A b e r t i l l e r y , A b e r t i l l e r y N u r s i n g , 17-6-18 E v a n s , M r s . R . D . H . , 16, B e e c h f i e l d - a v e n u e , H e n g o e d , P e n a l l t a N u r s i n g , 17-6-18 S e w a r d , M is s E . M ., S tr a w b e r r y - p l a c e , M o r r is to n , L l a n s a m l e t N u r s i n g , 17-6-18 J o n e s , M i s s K . M ., 75, T r e h a r n e - r o a d , L a n d o r e , L l a n s a m l e t N u r s i n g , 17-6-18 W i l l i a m s , M r s . S., 76, L o w e r T h o m a s - s t r e e t , M e r t h y r T y d f il, M e r t h y r N u r s i n g , 24-8-18 W i l l s , M i s s E . M . , 3, V i c t o r i a - s t r e e t , M e r t h y r T y d f i l , M e r t h y r N u r s in g , 24-8-18

Septem ber,

1918. A

— FIRST m b u l a n c e

AID

f f ic e r s

THE

ST.

JOH N

Vaughan,

iv is io n a l

e c r e t a r i e s

Caradog, 278, Bridgend-road, Maesteg, Maesteg, 17-6-18 Rogers, Miss E., Belmont House, Grove-road, Pontardawe, Pontardawe Nursing, 17-6-18 Saunders, Fred, The Bungalows, Coedely, Tonyrefrail, Tonyrefrail, 17-6-18 Isaac, John, 16, Brookland-terrace, Nantymoel, Nantymoel, 17-6-18 Lewis, Mrs. M., 22, Gelli Crug-road, Abertillery, Abertillery Nursing, 17-6-18 Jones, Miss E. M., The School House, Bedwas, Bedwas Nurs ing, 17-6-18 Davies, Miss E. J., 154, Kenry-street, Tonypandy, Llwynypia Nursing, 17-6-18 Caple, Walter, I, Pengam-road, Ystrad Mynach, Penallta, 17-6-18 Williams, Leonard, 66, Shingrig-road, Nelson, Nelson, 31-7-18 D avies,

iv is io n a l

r e a s u r e r s

e r g e a n t s

Williams, David, Ponthenry, 17-6-18 Thomas, Frank, Abertillery, 17-6-18 Targett, A. J., Cymmer, Porth, 17-6-18 Thomas, I. G., Cymmer, Porth, 17-6-18 Elkins, Albert, Blaina, 17-6-18 Martin, George, Bedwas, 17-6-18 Baker. Reginald, Nelson, 31-7-18 Matthews, William R., Llwynypia, 6-8-18 Williams, David O., Llwynypia, 6-8-18 Davies, W. J., Fernhill, 6-8-18 C

o r p o r a l s

Purnell, John, H., Abertillery, 17-6-18 Davies, Lewis, Cymmer, Porth, 17-6-18 Russell, R., Cymmer, Porth, 17-6-18 Trow, R. W., Cymmer,. Porth, 17-6-18 Watkins, Watkin H., Blaina, 17-6-18 Williams, Herbert, Blaina, 17-6-18 Rossiter, James, Blaina, 17-6-18 Jenkins, William, Blaina, 17-6-18 Jones, David H., Nelson, 31-7-18 Harris, Jacob, Nelson, 31-7-18 Owen, Thomas T , Llwynypia, 5-7-18 Tudball, Samuel, Llwynyp;a, 5-7-18 Tudball, Frank, Llwynypia, 5-7-18 Williams, D., Fernhill, 6-8-18 Marston, James, Fernhill, 6 1-18 D

iv is io n a l

n s p e c t o r

o f

e w

iv is io n s

Since the establishment of the Welsh Priory on March 1st, 1918, the following Divisions have been formed 1— Rhyrriney Nursing, Mrs. J. W. Price, The Terrace, Rhymney, 25-4-18 Llwynypia Nursing, Mrs. J. Payne, Foundry House, Trealaw 13-5-18 Tonyrefail and Coedely Nursing, Mrs. £. M. Brereton, Wood lands, Coedely, Tonyrefail, 12-6-18 Percyrhun Nursing (Penybank), Mr. T. Davies, Brynbyfryd, Penybank, Ammanford, 31-7-18 Pontlottyn (Male), Mr. D. H. Phillips, 8, Waterloo-terrace, Pontlottyn, 12-6-18 Tonyrefail and Coedely (Male), Mr. A . Davies, The Bungalow, Coedely, 14-6-18 Nelson (Male), Mr. S. Lloyd, 36, Long Row, Nelson, 31-7-18 V

o l u n t a r y

e t a c h m e n t s

The undermentioned Detachments have been registered:— Llwynypia (Female), Mrs. J. Payne, Foundry House, Trealaw, 13-5-18, Glam. 236 Kenfig Hill (Female), Miss Jenkins, 59, High-street, Kenfig Hill, 31-7-18, Glam. 242 H E R B E R T LEWIS,

Commissiencr for Wales. September 12th, 1918.

Thomas, Richard, 229, Bridgend-road, Maesteg, Maesteg, 17-6-18 Mathews, Garfield, High-street, Tonyrefail, Tonyrefail, 17-6-18 Thomas, Miss L., Glyndwr, Pandy-road, Bedwas, Bedwas Nursing, 17-6-18 Jones, Miss M., 6, Sherwood, Llwynypia, Llwynypia Nursing, 17-6-18 Morgan, Mrs. Mary, 44, Penrhys-road, Ystrad Rhondda, Ystrad Nursing, 5-7-18 S

G A Z E T T E .—

Newbury, Mrs. S. J., 17, Trafalgar-terrace, Ystrad, Rhondda, Ystrad Nursing, 5-7-18

Wm., 34, Glyn-street, Cymmer, Porth, Cymmer, 17-6-18 Gardner, Wm., T., 23, Church-street, Blaina, Mon., Blaina, 17-6-18 Cadogan, Sydney, 2, Ardwyn-terrace, Ton Petre, Maindy and Eastern, 5-7-18 R e e s , John, 12, Ton Row, Ton Pentre, Maindy and Eastern, 5-7-18 Lloyd, Stanley, 56, Heol Vawr, Nelson, Nelson, 31-7-18

AM BULANCE

t o r e s

Davies, Miss M., Cynlais House, Grove-road, Pontardawe, Pontardawe Nursing Division, 17-5-18 Lewis, Arthur W., 70, Pritchard-street, Tonyrefail, Toneyrefail, 17-6-18 Garnett, Richard, 28, Waunlwyd, Nantymoel, Nantymoel, 17-6-18 Jones, Miss M., 2, Sherwood, Llwynypia, Llwynypia Nursing, 17-6-18 Thomas, Robert, 2, Donald-street, Nelson, Nelson, 31-7-18

The

D octor

th e

F ro n t.

h e Battalion or Unit Medical Officer is the keystone of the arch on which the Medical Services rest. In the front line of the battle, he bears the heat and brunt of the day, and a glance at the casualty lists will bring home to the reader the dangers, if not the difficulties, of his posi tion. Acting primarily in a purely advisory position, he can, by the exercise of tact, patience, and discrimination, win for himself a position in which he wields executive power. If he wins the confidence of his Commanding Officer, his way is smooth, and the battalion reaps the benefit of the harmonious co-operation. A good Battalion medical officer knows all his men, and can pick out the genuine case from the shirker, with ease. His primary duty is to keep men is the firing line, and everything which affects the health of the men, the provision of a pure water supply, the supply and preparation of food, and the supervision of the sanitary area all come under his control. T o assist him in his duties, the Regimental Medical Officer has the following personnel:— N.C.O.s. Other Ranks. Medical Orderlies ... 3 1 Batmen ... ... 1 Sanitary Detachment, (2 per Company) ... ... 1 8 Water Duty Men ... 1 4 Stretcher Bearers ... 1 16 In addition, the services of the pioneers are available. The sanitary personnel is often increased by the employ ment of men at transport lines. In addition to the 16 regular stretcher bearers, a reserve of at least 16 trained men is available. In a Rest area, the duties of a Battalion medical officer start with morning sick parade, which is usually held at an early hour, and are more or less continuous during the day. The camp or billets have to be inspected daily ; the

FIRST

AID

& TH E

ST.

JOHN

sanitary men require supervision and training, and the cook house requires constant attention. These duties, especially if the billets are scattered, occupy the whole morning. In the afternoon the stretcher bearers are trained. Routine inspections of the men for the prevalence of scabies and lice, are held, and water cart orderlies require instruction. Rest rooms are established in which men not seriously ill are admitted and treated. In this manner beds are saved at Field ambulance, and men are kept in their unit. In the trenches the medical officer is generally pro vided with a dug-out in one of the communication or support trenches, near Battalion headquarters. In this dug-out he establishes his Aid-post, which, in stationary trench warfare, is handed on from one medical officer to another. The Aid-post is equipped with drugs, dressings, stretchers, blankets (see schedule), and is kept in order by the medical orderlies. While in the trenches, the medical officer keeps in close touch with the Field Ambulance Officer of the sector, and makes himself thorougly familiar with the geography of the land and the general scheme of evacua tion.

Wounded .— In most cases the medical officer sees the case for the first time at his Aid-post, but he should always be ready to go forward. If the bearers have been well trained they are capable of giving first aid to the great majority of cases. The medical officer should remain as far as possible at his Aid-post so as to be available in the event of any rush of work.

AMBULANCE

Septem ber,

1918.

saves his own stretcher bearers a long carry and makes the Field ambulance commander responsible for an additional portion of the line of evacuation. It is his duty also to assure himself that the battlefield is cleared of wounded, and to do this he must utilise his own extra stretcher bearers and those provided by his Brigade. If these bearers are not sufficient he must report to the Field ambulance com mander and his Commanding Officer, asking for more help. The officer in charge of the evacuation of the Divi sional front is one of the Field ambulance commanders. It is his duty to make the most elaborate preparations be forehand, so that he may deal with any emergency which may arise. Under his command he has all the R.A.M.C. bearer officers and the stretcher bearers of the Division. In addition, he has about 50 trained men of the Employ ment Company and 100 untrained men from the Brigade in reserve, placed at his disposal by the Division. The Divisional front is divided into sectors, over each of which is placed a Field ambulance officer. At the advanced dressing station, officers and stretcher bearers are held in-reserve, so that they may be sent to that portion of the front which requires most attention. The Field ambulance commander is responsible for the evacuation of the wounded from the Regimental Aidpost to the advanced dressing station. It is not his duty to send out search parties beyond these posts. If, however, the Regimental medical officer moves forward, then auto matically the Ambulance Commander becomes respon sible for a further section of evacuation.

The medical officer makes any necessary alteration to the dressings, paying special attention to the treatment of fractures. In the majority of cases the first aid dressing has been so well applied by the bearers that no further treatment is necessary. N o case of fracture of the lower extremity should be sent further without taking the greatest care to immobilise the limb affected. T he use of the St. Thomas’s splint over the boot and clothing provides a quick means of securing this result, and this method has proved an inestimable boon to many patients, Shock, and the risk of sepsis are lessened and the journey down the line rendered bearable. In the event of a raid being undertaken, the medical officer should make his arrangements beforehand, and establish himself in a front line dug-out, with a reserve of stretcher bearers. The wounded are brought to this advanced Aid-post and kept there until the enemy’s barrage has died down. In active operations the Regimental medical officer has very onerous and responsible duties to perform. It is in the first place, his duty to make himself acquainted with the general scheme of operations, and the system of evacua tion is determined by the A . D . M . S , after consultation with his Field ambulance commanders. T h e Regimental medical officer must keep in the closest touch with the Field ambulances, and for this pur pose, two Field ambulance runners should be attached to Aid-post. During the first few hours of the fight the Regimental medical officer will be unable to leave his dug-out on ac count of the constant stream of walking cases which will arrive. One of the most striking features about a big fight is the quickness with which these early cases come back to the Collecting posts. If the attack has been a success the Regimental medical officer must be prepared to move forward his Aid-post to a dug-out or shelter in the enemy’s old line. In this way he

GAZETTE.—

(T o be concluued).

V o lu n ta r y

Selected V.A.D. Members, &c.,

A id

D eta ch m en ts.

and St. John

mentioned in

Ambulance Brigade

Despatches

for

Nursing

Services, 12.8.18.:— Alton, Mary Annie, Durham 64, S.J.A.B. Bowman, Hannah, W. Lancs. 60, S.J.A.B. Budgeon, Muriel Elizabeth, Salop 34, S.J.A.A. Clarke, Mabel Alice, E. Riding, Yorks. 48, S.J.A.B. Cocq, Rosomon E. le, London 148, S.J.A.A. Crosland, Mary Kilner, W.R. Yorks. 60, S.J.A.B. Crowther, Constant Harriet, W.R. Yorks. 60, S.J.A.B. Davies, Lilian W., W. Lancs. 24, S.J.A.B. Gibson, Ida L. W., Bucks 38, S.J.A.A. Hall, Alice Mary, London 138, S.J.A.A. Hill, Emily, W.R. Yorks. 12, S.J.A.B. Hutchinson, Frances F., Middlesex 54, S.J.A.A. Jones, Elsie A., Kent 124, S.J.A.B. Lord, Letitia, Cavan, S.J.A.A. Mackie, A. Winifred, London, 128, S.J.A.A. Marsden, Winifred, W. Lancs. 50, S.J.A.B. Newton, Vera Rosabel, Middlesex 6, S.J.A.A. Ogilvy, Muriel Beatrice, W. Lancs. 26, S.J.A.B. Parkinson, Ethel, Cheshire 68, S.J.A.B. Pearce, Florence Jane, Kent 70, S.J.A.B. Pewsey, Ellen Mary, Essex 94, S.J.A.B. Preston, Alice, W.R. Yorks. 66, S.J.A.B. Raymond, Mabel, Middlesex 4, S.J.A.A. Strickland, Emily, E. Yorks. 48, S.J.A.B. Walker, Violet, Co. Donegal 670, S.J.A.A. Watkin, Beatrice, Leicester 8, S.J.A.B. Welch, Grace, W.R. Yorks. 60, S.J.A.B. West, Gladys, Hepden Bridge N.D., S.J.A.B. Whitsitt, Nannie E., Armagh 722, S.J.A.A.

September, 1918.

—FIRST

Alt).—

I n France the latest addition to “ First Aid for the

CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

Wounded ” is the construction of a squadron of surgical aeroplanes called aerochirs.

E di torial — First Aid to Minor Injuries

How to (let a Cinder out of the Eye ...

D istrict R epo r ts — No. 1 j No. 4 ; No. 5

...

34 35

T he St . Joh n ’s A mb ulance G a z e t t e — ...

The late Edwin Freshfield, LL.D., F.S.A.... The Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, Priory of Wales ... ... ... ... The Doctor at the Front Voluntary Aid Detachments

41 42

...

Mines Rescue Work

43 43 43 43

Dangers of First Aid Abuse of Stimulants Foreign Body in Stomach Water Bottle

Q ueries

a nd

A nswers

C o r r es po n d e n ts -

Alterations in Textbook...

...

Treatment of Fainting ... Use of Smelling Salts

...

Method of Bandage Drill Treatment of Alcoholic Poisoning Letters

to t h e

machine will supply the current necessary for working the more quickly to the badly wounded.

It seems a risky

game, but so much has been achieved already in this war This squadron will be named after the famous French surgeon who was murdered recently by a mad patient May the aerochirs be remembered with as much gratitude as Professor Poz/.i— in the years to come. * * ♦ T

following hint to stretcher

bearers appears in

"Eastern Command Volunteer Ambulance Journal” :—

Pra ctical Poin ts —

A New

X ray

T h e dynamo of the

that nothing surprises us.

3<i 37 38 39

Brevities

apparatus, and an X-ray operator.

apparatus, and it is hoped in this way to bring succour

No. 8; No. 12 ... Official Brigade News

Each machine will carry an

army surgeon, a complete outfit of surgical and

44 44 44 44 44

E ditor—

The Brigade Uniform

...

45 45

Change of Uniform

Stretcher bearers are well versed in the practical details of convoy work, and the management of their stretchers ; but there is just one point that is sometimes overlooked at the hospital end.

When the bearers have reached the bed,

and placed their stretcher in position for the patient to be transferred, it often happens of course that the nurse or orderly receiving the patient must be helped by someone standing on the other side of the bed, 011 the far side of the stretcher.

That “ someone" cannot help effectively

unless the bearers, on the weight being taken from them, lower the far side of the stretcher so that the extra helper has not to reach across it.

A Suggestion ...

Railway Ambulance

This is very obvious, but

nevertheless it is often forgotten. V A ccor ding to the report of the Royal National l.ifeBoat Institution, it has, since its formation in 1S24, been instrumental in saving no less than 56,000 lives, and at the

B re v itie s.

end of last year it had at its disposal and under its control a fleet of 261 life boats.

Last year the number of lives

Wk have received a copy of the first issue of “ The

saved was 1,34s, and since the outbreak of war the number

Journal of the Eastern Command Volunteer Ambulance

of lives rescued has been 4,180, and nearly t5o vessels

Convoy."

have been saved.

It is the outcome of the “ Highgate Transport

* * *

Journal, which was the organ of the No. 7 Company of the Convoy.

The primary object of the Journal is to foster a

greater esprit <te corps amongst the members, at the satne

S u r g e o n - M a jo r

H utton ,

the

veteran

ambulance

time it should be the means of increasing efficiency in the

worker, celebrated his SStlr birthday this month.

work.

nately, for some years past he has suffered from heart weak

The Journal is well made up, and all concerned are

ness and is only able to get about in a bath-chair, but it as

to be congratulated upon its production.

keen as ever in bis interest in the work of the St. John

* * * T

Unfortu

Ambulance Association, and especially in its progress in

article, “ The Dr. at the Front,” which we publish

Cleveland.

It will be remembered

that he began

his

in this issue, will give our readers a good insight into

crusade on behalf of it in the year t88o, and for about

the

years examined most of the ambulance classes in this area.

wonderful

France.

medical

organisation which prevails

Very few have any conception of the services

It was due to bis inspiration and encouraging addresses

which have been rendered by the medical services in this

that the work was so enthusiastically taken

war, and until its history comes to be written we shall not

miners, workmen and railway servants, and the Middles

have the complete details.

However, the low percentage

of sickness is a proof of its efficiency.

up by the

brough and Cleveland Centre soon became the strongest and most active of all the local centres in the Kingdom.

— FIRST

42 M in e s

R escue

W o r k .*

B y R. W A T T . T

importance of mines rescue work at once makes it of

such a serious nature that its first lesson to those intending to take it up should be, that they are genuinely interested, there being no room for half-heartedness.

That being so,

it is necessary that those contemplating taking up a course of training should have all the likelihoods that may be their lot explained to them, and they in turn to give the matter their earnest consideration. When one has decided to offer himself as a trainee, he should be medically examined. This is absolutely essential for two reasons— namely, (1) in the best interests of the individual himself; (2) because he may be more of a hindrance than a help on any occasion where rescue work had to be carried out under the apparatus. Assuming one has received the hall-mark of being medically fit, his next step is to get thoroughly acquainted with the rescue apparatus. T o receive such training as will thus equip him, he will require to attend a class and receive a course of lessons from a capable instructor. These will include a thorough,knowledge of the apparatus and all its component parts, so that he may, in the first place, be able to look after himself, and have the confidence that he can do so. T he lessons, of course, include the wearing of the apparatus in working order, so that he may get used to breathing and other matters connected therewith. For sanitary and other reasons, it is essential that each man have his own mouthpiece, V nose clip, or mask as the case may be. T o make a complete course of training, one would also require to undergo several practices in the smoke chamber. This is an air-tight room filled with the fumes. On going there for the first time it is advisable to remain inside for ten minutes, and increase the length of time at each subsequent practice. Practising in this way seems to be the best method of gaining confidence, under what might be termed practical conditions. There is an old saying that “ familiarity breeds con tempt,” but the trainee can never be too familiar with his machine, so that he may be able to feel he knows it suffi ciently well to be able to control it, just to know when and where it is not in good working order. Make a point of attending all practices possible, so that you may gain and maintain efficiency. For the purpose of showing where and how the rescue brigade could be of service, assume that a violent explosion has occurred The rescue corps having been summoned, on arrival at the pit top they are formed into squads by the instructor. The mine manager, or other official of the colliery, takes a place in the first squad. Before attempt ing to make a descent into the mine a thorough inspection of the cages and the headgear should be made. All rescue members must thoroughly test their machine, and see that everything is in good working order. They require to carry with them safety lamps and mice or small birds. In this way they would be enabled to test for any further accu. mulation of firedamp. The mice or birds would enable them to know the condition of the atmosphere as they pro ceed. They should establish the first base at the nearest * at

Queensland Government M ining Journal

S ilk s to n e ,

train ers.

Q u een slan d ,

m eetin g

From

M in es

paper

R escue

,ead

B r /g a d e

AID. —

S e p t e m b e r , 19 1 8 .

point (that would be safe) to foul atmosphere; here relief squads Would be kept in readiness to take their turn, if such be required, or they could follow up the advance squad, making repairs or other necessary work. In this way it might be possible to form sub-base stations from time to time, so that rescurers without apparatus can follow up and lend valuable assistance. Tracings of the under ground workings should also be taken by the advance squad, showing, by distinctive marks, the intake and outlet airways. Where two or more roads branch off, marks should be made, these to be uniform and known to all members of the rescue brigade. This would allow subse quent squads to follow the track of the advance party; and each man should keep a close watch on his pressure guage, always making sure he has sufficient supply of oxygen to take him back through the foul atmosphere. If there was a possibility of the atmosphere being in such a condition as to make it awkward to see, a rope could be carried by each party to keep touch with the other Should they be in search of entombed men, they would carry with them the “ Salva tor” reviving apparatus. This machine was designed for resuscitating unconscious men found in a mine after a dis aster, but it may also be put to other uses. For instance, in some cases of injury to any of the tubes of a member’s apparatus, the cylinder and tube of the above could be fitted, thus allowing the rescuer a means of returning to safety. A few things worth of remembrance by any rescue corps are :— (1) Never to travel faster than will allow the slowest member of the party to feel that he can do it in comfort. (2) If anything should take place that would be the means of disabling any member of the squad, your duty is first to see him in a place of safety. (3) One member should never go exploring by himself. Leaders of squads should see that this rule is strictly car ried out. (4) Should your breathing bag become unduly in flated, this obstructs a free and easy breathing. Keep in mind that this can be corrected by the use of your relieving valve. All members should have a little knowledge of ren dering first aid to the injured, and all leaders of squads should be the possessors of a first aid certificate. In these circumstances an important part of the equipment would be ambulance outfit and appliances, as follows :— Clean water, antiseptic fluid or powder, splints, bandages, with stretchers in readiness, should they be required. F irst A id . It may not be out of place to give an explanation of how to set about rendering first aid to a person who has become unconscious, and is suffering from the following in juries :— Fractured thigh and scalp wound, these being the result of being near to where an explosion has occurred. T he patient being unconscious, one would make use of the “ Salvator ” apparatus by placing it on the patient, so as to restore him to consciousness. For the scalp wound, it would be necessary to apply a pad and bandage in the manner taught. Local pressure in this way is, as a rule, quite sufficient to arrest bleeding from any wounds of the head, because of the support given by the bones thereof. T o render first aid to a fractured thigh, one requires a splint long enough to reach from the armpit to the foot, and another the length of the leg. The first thing to do is to grasp the foot firmly, making some extension of the limb

— FIRST

September, 1 9 1 8

by pulling it downwards. This is to prevent all move m e n t , and may, to some extent, give the patient relief. Extension must be made until it is the same length as the other limb. Next, the splints should be placed-— the long one on the outside of the limb and the shorter one on the inside, and secured firmly by placing bandages as follows :— (r) Around the body, near the top of the long splint; (2) around the pelvis ; (3) around the thigh, above the fracture; (4) between the knee and the an kle; (5) above No. 4, near to the fracture, on the lower side; (6) around both ankles and crossed to pass under the feet— to be tied there; (7) passing right under both legs, just above the knees, and drawing the legs fairly firmly together. This having been completed, the patient should be laid on a stretcher, making him as comfortable as possible b y placing something under the head, so that it might be slightly raised ; also covering over the body with a blanket or any clothing to keep him warm during transport. When brought into purer atmosphere stimulants may be given— strong coffee or tea being quite equal to this purpose. The following traits of character are necessary for a man to be a successful member of a rescue corps :— (1) Not to be of an excitable nature ; (2) to be able to grasp an idea of any situation that may arise, and to determine which is the best way to deal with it effectively and as speedily as possible (especially leaders of squads); (3) to be temperate in habit, so far as alcohol is concerned, because anyone addicted to drink cannot be a successful trainee; (4) to remember always that although he may know a lot, there is still something yet to learn.

AID.—

quantity of blood, and, in consequence of this Meddlesome First Aid and unwarrantable interference, was reduced to a condition bordering on fatal collapse. N.B.— The use of Stimulants— both direct and indirect— requires, in all cases, great discrimination and must not be adopted as routine treatment.— A. M. (Regent’s Park). F

o r e ig n

o d y

t o m a c h

An interesting case of Foreign Body is recorded in The British Medical Journal for July 13th. An old man, over 70 years, who suffered from Chronic Bronchitis, swallowed a tea spoon which he passed naturally during an evacuation of the bowels one month later and without having complained of any pain, discomfort or inconvenience.— M.B., London.

N ew

W a ter

B o ttle .

P t e . T. H u n t , City of Exeter Division, S.J.A.B., has recently designed a most useful and compact water bottle (which is being protected) an illustration of which is given. The holding capacity is 5^ pints of water, a glass tumbler, a moveable shelf, on which a sponge, &c., may be carried. The dimensions ar e : Length, 9 inches; height 6 inches ; and depth 3 inches. It is worn with perfect ease and comfort, by two hooks resting upon the belt, and partly supported by strap over the shoulder, which can be liberated from the bottle by unfastening one safety hook

Jractical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and bad boints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

a n g e r s

o f

ir s t

i d

A curious First Aid accident once occurred, as follows :— A man was seen by a barman in a public house to empty the contents of “ a small white paper” into his glass of beer. The barman suspecting attempted poisoning sent for a police officer who administered a strong dose of common salt. The emetic, however, failed and the man died. At the inquest medical evidence showed (1) that the white p a p e r had contained a small quantity of zinc sulphate, which in the ordinary way would have made the man vomit and would h a v e had no injurious effects ; and ( 2 ) that the administration o f salt converted the harmless sulphate of zinc into the deadly chlorate of zinc, with fatal results. Fortunately for the police officer the absence of any “ intention” saved him from a verdict of manslaughter, although the man died as the result o f this interference and would not otherwise have succumbed. F. A., Canonbury. A

b u s e

o f

t i m u l a n t s

In a busy London street a man was seen to stumble and fa l l . The First Aider, who went to his assistance, found him in a collapsed state -dazed ; face pale ; breathing shallow ; pulse feeble- and complaining of pain in the pit of the stomach. Pending the coming of the ambulance, therefore, he treatedi the patient on general lines, by keeping him supine, loosening clothes, covering with coats, &c. While his back was momentarily turned, however, a V.A.D. member rushed up and stuck a bottle of smelling salts under the patient’s nostrils. The patient was immediately seized with a most violent attack of vomiting and brought up a

a nd attaching same to second button of tunic and then lifting from belt, the bottle will then swing around into position ready for use, leaving the wearer with hands free, this being a great advantage. This bottle can also be used as a hot water bottle when wrapped in flannel, as its shape will fit different parts of the body and feet where heat is required. This bottle comprises everything that is required for an ambulance man, and will be found a most useful addition fjr any men on public duty. Pte. Hunt will be pleased to supply further particulars and prices for any quantity, address Pte. T. Hunt, Headquarters, Waterbeer-street, Exeter.

A First Aid Class was started on the 18th inst. at the Church Institute, Three Colt-street, Limehouse, E. Ap plication for membership should be made to Mr. J. G. Hillier, 22, Arbour-square, Stepney, E .i.

— FIR St

Queries and Jlnswers to Correspondents.

AID.—

S e p te m b er , 19 18.

squarely beneath the nostrils, the stimulation may, as you know, be intense and may have grave consequences, as is recorded in Practical Points this month. It is interesting to note that the use of Tourniquet, Bandaging limbs, and Stimu lation with brandy and smelling salts- are pregnant with potential dangers (see Query above) and should only be adopted when specially indicated.— N.C.F.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 •— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 .— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a " Query Coupon" cut prom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. 2. — The Textbook, to which tejerence may be made in these columns, is the Revised ( 7 9 / 7 ) Edition o f S .J .A .A . M anual o f F iist-A id .

l t e r a t i o n s

e x t b o o k

B. N. (Hampstead) asks (1) if we can suggest any reason why Ipecacuanha Wine has been omitted in Revised Text book from list of emetics, and (2) if he should discontinue its use, should opportunity arise in an emergency.

r e a t m e n t

o f

l c o h o l ic

o is o n in g

P. T. (Netherton) asks what is the best thing to do when a patient suffering from Alcoholic Poisoning refuses to take an emetic. He writes that he met with this experience recently in the case of a patient who recovered conscious ness soon after his arrival on the scene, and who had been insensible for a total period of three hours. If the patient was so far sensible that he was able to refuse your dose of mustard, then he was already sufficiently recovered to need no further First-Aid treatment. With sane patients no law exists which compels acceptance of any treatment— medical or otherwise. So next time your offer of help is rafused, the best thing for you to do is to say “ Good day” and attend to your own affairs. In the case quoted, I would like to know why an uncon scious patient was left without medical assistance for three hours !— N. C. F.

(t) Ask the Committee of Revision. I can only suggest that salt and mustard are named because they are both effica cious and also more likely to be available in an emergency, whereas Ipecacuhana Wine is usually not procurable except U se o f S m e l l in g S a l t s. under special circumstances (e.g., proximity of chemist’s shop). (2) Certainly not. It is a most useful emetic and may be C. B. (Bristol).— In a recent examination I was asked to name freely used without fear of complications.— N . C o r b e t any conditions in which I should withhold the use of F l e t c h e r . Smelling Salts. I was unable to answer the question and so turn instinctively to you for help. T

r e a t m e n t

o f

a i n t i n g

A. M. (Hendon).— In a recent S.J.A.A. examination the ques tion was asked— “ In faintiug what differestce would you make in your treatment of an old and young person ?” The candidate replied that to an old person, if conscious, he would give an alcoholic stimulant, but not to a young person. The doctor made no comment but appeared satisfied. Please let us know if this answer was correct. I don’t know. Why not ask the examiner? If, however, I had been the examiner, then the answer, as given, would have been heavily penalised. Everything depends on the cause of the fainting, which is not stated, and I suspect that the examiner wanted the candi date to say that he would be more anxjous as to the conse quences of a fainting attack in an old person than in a healthy young adult, and that he would keep him under observation for a longer period. The only justification for alcoholic stimulant— in old or young— would be the failure of ordinary methods of treatment (removal of cause ; recumbent position ; external warmth ; hot drinks, &c..) after fa ir and efficient trial and the utter impossibility of securing medical aid.— N. C. F.

o f

m e l l i n g

a l t s

W. S. (Finchley) returns thanks for benefits received from these columns which, he says, are of great assistance to him, and asks if he is right in supposing that there is no point in offering Smelling Salts to a patient suffering from Shock unless the form of Shock threatens to go on to col lapse ? He adds that, in his opinion, such direct form of stimulation— while obviously correct and necessary in the case o f Syncope— is not specially indicated for Shock unless insensibility threatens and that the other methods of treating Shock should be first adopted. I am in full accord with your view, though, of course, a good deal depends on the strength and mode of administration of the Smelling Salts. If these be freshly prepared and planted

Haemorrhage, Head injuries and Apoplexy In the first named such stimulation might cause the heart to act vigor ously and re-start the bleeding. In the remaining two condi tions the stimulation might bring about increased pressure within the skull with consequent aggravation of the condition, be this Compression or Apoplexy.— N. C. F.

e t h o d

o f

a n d a g e

r i l l

J. S. (Cleckheaton).— Which is the proper method for bandage practice, two deep, in Brigade Drill ? In the old method the front rank bandage the rear rank ; then the front rank turn about, step forward one pace and bandage, On the order “ Rear rank bandage front rank,” the rear rank men take a side pace to left with one pace to front on right, then both front and rear rank men turn inwards together and bandage. In the other method the men line up in double rank and number off, the rear rank taking their numbers from the front rank men, each odd number bandaging his even number. Brigade Orders contain no Bandage Drill which would be contrary to the Principles of First Aid. Imagine yourself try ing to bandage up a man with a fractured clavicle while he re mained standing. If you did, then you would expose the patient to the danger of falling as the result of shock associated with the fracture, which might consequently be complicated by concussion of brain, if not by fractured base of skull. In prac tice of First-Aid, therefore, we first place the patient in the posi tion most suitable to the condition under treatment— sitting, semi-recumbent, recumbent, etc. The only advantage of Bandage Drill is that large num bers may be more easily educated in routine and technical part of the work— and of the two methods described the second is more serviceable because it is the less complicated.— N. C. F.

W hen

c o rre sp o n d in g w ith A d v e rtise rs

p le a s e m e n tio n

“ F ir s t A id .”

Septem ber,

— FIRST

19 18.

Setters to the Sditor. THE

BRIGADE

E d ito r,

S Y

E tc.

0 U R

UN IF OR M .

M 1 S

issu e o f

ir s t

I understand by these alterations that Divisional Supts. and Surgeons, although allotted officers tunics of military pattern are excluded from the Sam Browne belt, and that Ambulance Officers are to wear a dress similar to that of a private. It appears to me that this matter is worthy of the attention of the Brigade Authorities, and that the best way out of the difficulty would be to recind the regulations or to allow all grades of officers to wear the Sam Browne.— Yours truly, “ A

CHANGE

m b u l a n c e

f f i c e r

UNIFORM .

Food F o r v a l id s

I n f a n t s , e n d th e

a g e d

U s e d e x t e n s i v e l y in B r i t i s h , C i v i l a n d M i l i t a r y h o s p i t a l s , an d b y th e R e d C r o s s S o c ie t ie s of G r e a t Britain, the o v e r s e a D o m in i o n s , a n d th e Allies.

Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I O D E X ensures complete antisepsis and rapid healing. For inflamed conditions I o d e x is ideal. Try it. All good chemists stock it.

C H

F 0

REGULARLY

.”

S i r , — I notice with great pleasure the change of uniform tunic to the usual Military Service pattern, as being much more useful and convenient; but I regret exceedingly the abolition of the pouch for Divisional Superintendents. Though it did not hold much, yet in country districts, where the Supts. often have to work almost single handed, at school treats, bean feasts, &c., it held sufficient to be most useful. I carried in mine scissors, roller bandage, smelling salts, iodine tubes,

SEPTIC WOUNDS

D E A R Sir,— In the past there has been a good deal of controversy over the Brigade Uniform, but it is not my inten tion to raise such an issue now. However, it would appear to me to be putting Brigade Officers to needless expense in making such drastic alterations in the uniform in war time as were contained in the new Dress Regulations published in the July F

IVe ore in no may responsible for the opinions expressed, or the

statoments made, by Correspondents.—

—

a i d

Royal Navy.

IIODEX 1/3

Royal A rm y M edical C orps. B r i t is h Red C ross Society. C roix R o u g e Francaise.

USED

B Y :—

B e l g ia n Field H osp itals, F ren ch Field H osp itals, N u m e r o u s M ilitary H ospitals, M e m b e r s of 5 t . John A m bulance.

M E N L E Y & J A M E S , Ltd.,

39, Farrlngdon Road, LONDON, E.C.1.

Contractors to H.M. Government.

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t

Sold in tins by Chemists,etc.,everywhere B E N G E R ’S

FOOD

L T D ..

—

O tte r W o r k s ,

—

M A N CH E STE R ,

E ng.

Branch Offices : NewYork & Sydney. DepOts throughout Canada.

c o st - '/ts so r diffesty"

VI C O C O A restores _ ..lost energy and builds both brain and body. The ideal mid -morning beverage.

THE FOOD BEVERAGE

V a st modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge compari son with an y other clothing of equal quality. Prices and Samples on request.

16,

NILE

C ITY

ROAD,

STREET, LONDON,

N . 1.,

and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M ILLE R S TR E E T, GLASGOW .

— F I R S T

boric lint and ointment, and adhesive plaster ; and on many occasions have been able to treat rapidly and effectively the usual minor casualties, but now I shall be helpless, merely an appendage, having no material at hand. I trust it will be restored to us.— Yours, &c., “

o r k i n g

u p t

.”

SU G G ESTION.

S i r ,— B e i n g v e r y m u c h i n t e r e s t e d in a m b u l a n c e w o r k a n d l i v i n g in a c o l l i e r y v i l l a g e w h e r e w e d o n o t h o l d a c l a s s a t t h e co lliery, a m b u la n c e w o rk ers do not h a v e the o p p ortunities o f g a i n i n g k n o w l e d g e a s t h o s e in t o w n s . I f I a m n o t a s k in g too m u c h , I s h o u l d l i k e to m a k e a s u g g e s t i o n w h i c h m i g h t m e e t w ith y o u r a p p r o v a l, a lso o th e r r e a d e r s o f F IR S T A i d w h o are in a s i m i l a r p o s i t i o n t o m y s e l f . I f y o u c o u l d p u b l i s h a c a s e w h i c h m i g h t h a p p e n d a i l y in t h e m i n e , s t r e e t o r h o m e , a n d let t h e r e a d e r s g i v e t h e i r a n s w e r s t o s a m e , I t h i n k it w o u l d b e a g r e a t h e l p to m e m b e r s o f first a i d c l a s s e s w h i c h a r e n o t c a r r i e d o n a ll t h e y e a r r o u n d , a s I k n o w in s o m e c a s e s n e i t h e r b o o k n o r b a n d a g e is t o u c h e d a f t e r t h e e x a m i n a t i o n u n ti l t h e n e x t s e s s i o n s t a r t s . — Y o u r s t ru ly , A R egular R eader.

Sailwatj Jimbulance. Mr. Richard Bagnell, the hon. secretary of the Centre, was on August 30th presented with a cheque for ^ 3 4 subscribed by the directors and officials of the Railway Company and the officer and men of the Corps, upon his completion of 25 years service in that position. The presentation was made by Mr. W. D. Phillipps, and Lord Anslow, the Chairman of the Directors, presided. N

o r t h

t a f f s

.—

A Home Nursing Class was started at the General Electric Company, 67, Queen Victoria-street, E.C.4, on the 19th inst. Application should be made to Mr. F. W. Jackson, 6, Norwich-road, Forest Gate, E 7.

T he following Classes will be held at Tothill-street :— First Aid, Oct. 1st at 3 p.m., and Oct. 3rd at 8 p.m.; Home Nursing, Oct. 4th at 11 a.m. A First Aid Class for Women at King’s College will start on Nov. 4th at 5 p m. Applications for these Classes should be made to Miss E. Fraser Baddeley, 87, Cadogan-gardens, SW.

A course of First Aid Lectures will commence on Oct. 1st at 7.30 p m., at the Northampton Polytechnic Institute, St. John’s-street, Clerktnwell, E.C. 1. The course will consist of eight lectures and the examination, and the fee will be 3s. (including the examination). Application for membership should be made to Miss A. M. Tuck at the above Institute. Bertha Webb, aged 14, of Hornsey Rise, pricked a pimple on her nose with a pin, and next day her face became inflamed, and she died. At the inquest at Islington, Dr. Robinson stated that the pin had set up acute meningitis following celluitis, which the prick had caused, and the juryreturned a verdict of Death by Misadventure. P in pr ic k

C auses

D e a t h .— Isabd

A ID .

S e p te m b e r , 19 18.

—

The St. John Ambulance Association.

LIFE-SAVING LECTURES. Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U LA N C E AND M IN E S R ES C U E M O VEM EN TS. A

I.— L IF E S A V IN G . P opular F ir s t Aid Lecture.

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the

O fficia l F ir s t A id F ilm . The film is at present shown in licensed Halls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged. II. Similar to the above, but without the film.

III.— R E S C U E W O R K IN M IN E S. A peep into th e life of a Miner, Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue Work in Coal Mines.

IV. — N A T U R E A S A F I R S T AIDER . N a tu re ’ s m eth od s and how to f u r t h e r them . First Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. This lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiographs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject.

v .— p r a c t i c a l

f ir st

a id

W h y e v e r y o n e should have a k n o w le d g e of F irst Aid. A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. S p e c i a l i n d u c e m e n t s a r e o f fe r e d to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

No entertainment tax is payable in respect of any of the above, provided that no music or other extraneous amusements are included in the proceedings.

For terms and dates available apply to

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 2 0 5 . D o n caster Near

R oad, G o ld tho rp e, R otherham .

Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.”

V ---------------------------------- J

—FIRST

Se ptember, 19 18.

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ir m in g h a m

AID. —

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R E G U L A T IO N T.J ERE

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“F IR S T Q U ER Y

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A ID ”

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CO U PO N .

To be cut out and enclosed with a ll Queries September, 1918.

F IR S T AID AND

THE ----

ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited b y A R T H U R No. 292.— V

ol.

XXV,

NO T IC E

OCTOBER,

1918.

DALE. [Entered at Startoners' Hall.)

PRICE THREEPENCE [ 3/0 P e k A

nnum

, P o st F

ree

]

workers in factories were determined that avoidable acci

READERS.

dents should be prevented, and would co-operate in taking

FIRST AID is published on the a o t h of e a c h m on th. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

steps to prevent them,

selves and their families that result from accidents due to

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied [not necessarily for tublicatien) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE,

REYNOLDS & CO.,

L t d .,

It should be brought home to

workers the amount of suffering and extent of loss to them lack of care or thought in their work, and with this in view a firm in the north of England established an Accident Enquiry Committee, which was composed of officials and workpeople, with the primary object to enquire into and report on all accidents that occurred and to make such recommendations for the prevention of accidents as they considered desirable. As a result of these steps, the number of accidents in

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E.C. 4.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twenty-Jour, London." Telephone No. 5477 Bank.

the works were greatly reduced, and the further step was taken in instituting an extensive “ Safety First” scheme, with the appointment of a Safety Inspector, who educated the workers in all safety measures.

ED ITO RIAL.

These measures in a

single year reduced the accidents in the works by more than 50 per cent. This brief description shows what can be done in the

great amount of

way of accident prevention, and such a scheme could be

S a f e ty

attention has been given to the fencing

adopted by other industrial concerns with great advantage.

Committees

of machinery and the provision of safe-

For

many years

in Factories

guards against accidents in general, and

and

considerable advances have been made

Workshops,

in preventing the more serious classes of machinery accidents.

This has been

effected mainly by standardising precautions. Nevertheless,

W ar S e rvi ce B a d g e .— I t has been decided by the Council of the Order of St. John that no further appli cations for the St. John War Service Badge will be enter tained except on behalf of those who were qualified for the

in spite of these efforts that have been made, the yearly roll

Badge by the 1st October, 1918, as they understand it is

of industrial accidents is still a long one.

probable that other Badges will ultimately be issued for

In .1914, 969

persons were killed, and 147,045 persons were injured by accidents in factories and workshops in this country.

the same work.

If to

these figures were added the accidents in mines, quarries, railways and other industries, these figures would be more than double. It is of the first importance to this country, both dur ing the war and also during the period of reconstruction that this great cause of waste and loss of efficiency in our

In reply to a question whether the appeals of the British Red Cross were intended to relieve the Govern ment of their responsibilities to the sick and wounded in the war, Sir Robert Hudson, the chairman of the Finance Committee of the Society, has written that the vast bulk of the expenditure upon the sick and wounded rests with the

industrial organisation should be as far as possible removed

naval and military medical services.

There is no doubt that a large reduction in the number of

Cross is to supplement the State services, and to provide

accidents would be brought about if managers, officials and

added comforts and little luxuries.

The work of the Red

— FIRST

5°

| £

|||

jjh « Q n n d f t io r g of the 0 rd «r of the JCospital of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland.

* “

AMBULANCE

Jh e

o m m is s io n e r

3ohn

DEPARTMENT.

.Ambulance

Srigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

No. 1 District. C

S t.

----------

W. H. W IN N Y , O.B.E. N O V E M B E R , 1918. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 3rd.— No. 5 Division, Hackney. „ 1o h.— No. 7 „ Toynbee Hall. „ 17th.— No. 10 „ St. Mark’s. „ 24th - No. 11 „ Harlesden and Wembley. From 2.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. BRIGAD E m p o r t a n t

October, 1918

Division. The “ Agnew ” Medal tests had eleven entries and was won by Corpl. R. Grace (Stationmaster, Euston). District Surgeon C. J. R. MacFadden and Ambulance Officer C. T. Osborn (in charge of Hampstead (No. 20) Divi sion) acted as judges for the first aid events. A. R. Cooper, Esq., Line Engineer, was judge for the racing, tugs of war, &c., with Lewis Strom, Esq., as referee, and W. F. Wright, Esq., General Foreman, Mechanical Engineers Department, acted as starter. Mrs. A. R. Cooper kindly presented the prizes, which com pleted a very interesting'afternoon’s recreation and it is hoped a considerable number of first aid recruits will result, as that was the object of this meeting. On the 1st and 3rd inst, Divisional Supt. Atkins, East Ham (No. 75) Division, S.J.A.B., gave a very interesting and instruc tive lecture on First Aid, supplemented by a collection of (X-ray) radiographs showing some unique fractures which would be impossible to locate without this wonderful discovery. The information given by Mr. Atkins is advanced first aid, and very interesting to students who find the usual routine gets stale by continual repetition.

R E -E X A M I N A T I O N S .

Officers and members in charge of Divi sions arranging for the Brigade Re examination should be careful to see that the B.F. 1 ib. (which is to be filled in in trip licate) bears the name of the Examiner, the date on which the examination is conducted, and the name and address of the officer or member in charge of the Division with whom corres pondence is to be conducted. Care should be taken to see that the names of all those present are entered on the gummed slip, '•h-ich is pasted on the Examiner’s form. j I

AID.—

.—

UNIFORM

PERMITS.

> Members in charge of newer Divisions are reminded that every member of the Brigade wearing the authorised Brigade Uniform must be able to produce an official “ uniform permit,” which can be obtained upon application signed by the officer or member in charge of the Division from the Commissioner. Members not possessing this permit may find themselves in a serious'position. O F F I C E R ’S

TRAINING

C O U R SE .

Two lectures have already been given in connection with this course, and drills are now being arranged for such officers as desire to attend. A general notice in future will not be sent to all officers, but only to those officers of Ambulance Divisions who have expressed their desire to attend the instruction to be given by the Corps Superintendent. “ OUR

DAY.”

It is desired that members of the Brigade shall give assist ance in selling flags, etc., for the benefit of the funds which are being raised for the Joint Committee on “ Our Day.” Further particulars can be obtained from Miss Beeman, 10, West Bolton-gardens, S.W. (Signed)

W. H. W IN N Y ,

Commissioner.

S o u t h e n d -o n - S e a (No. i ) D i v i s i o n . — The funeral took place on September 25th, at Southend, of the late Nurse Maud Bertha Parish, who died at Queen Mary’s Hospital. Mrs. Parish (nee Simpson) was a member of the above Nursing Division and V.A.D. A few days previously the deceased, who was only 25 years of age, developed septic pneumonia, to which she succumbed. She was nursing a naval patient suffering from the same complaint, and contracted it. The patient also died on Sunday, and the funeral of both took place at the same time with naval honours. Her husband, who is serving with the Scots Guards in France, was at once telegraphed to, but although the message had been repeated no reply is to hand, considerable anxiety is felt at the hospital as to his safety. Mrs. Parish was a daughter of Mrs. Martion, of Silverseadrive, Leigh. A memorial service was held at St. John’s Church, and was conducted by the vicar (Rev. J. J. Whitehouse), who also officiated at the graveside. The remains were borne by members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade, of which body deceased was a member. Mr. E. R. Homfray, the secretary, and Miss Finnemore (matron), and Dr. Scott (medical officer), represented the hospital, patients and many members of the nursing staff be ing also present. The interment took place at the Borough Cemetary, the members of the St. John Men’s V.A.D., Essex 43rd, 44th forming an escort, while the 116th Detachment Women’s V.A.D., under Mr. Bower, was also present. The deceased was a V.A.D. nurse at the hospital ; she then went to similar duties on Salisbury Plain, but returned to Southend some three month’s ago and joined the permanent nursing staff at the hospital. She was much attached to her work, and showed at all times a strong devotion to duty. She will be greatly missed by the staff and patients, with whom she was very popular. The patient, who was buried at the same time as Nurse Parish, was Deckhand Thos. Collison, age 23.

R a il w a y s

A m b u la n c e

( N o . 77) D i v i

— The annual sports meeting was held at Golders Green Institute Fields on Saturday, Sept. 28th. There were I 3 e v e n t s , including two first aid tests, as follows:— “ W ebb” Cup (per petual trophy) with silver medals for the winning t e a m , a n d t h e “ Agnew” Gold Medal for individual competition. Five teams contested for the “ W ebb” Cup, which w a s awarded to a women’s squad trained by the m e m b e r s of the

W a l t h a m s t o w . — A successful Church Parade was held on September the 15th at St. Saviour’s Church, under the com mand of Supt. Blum. The Division marched to the church headed by the fife [and bugle band. The Rev. G. Siddons preached a most inspiring sermon, taking as his text “ Be a man.” Many representatives of other divisions attended, and were afterwards conducted over the ambulance station, on which they expressed their high appreciation.

s io n .

No. 2 District. The R.R.C. (2nd class) has been awarded to Nurse Dowson, member of V.A.D. 108 Glos., nursing sister of the Nursing Division of the Cheltenham Corps, S.J.A.B., who has worked

O ctobe r, 1 9 1 8

— FIRST

continuously at St. John Hospital, Cheltenham, since June, 1915. She received the honour from H.M. the King at an In vestiture held at Buckingham Palace on July 25th, 1918.

No. 3 District. B ir m in g h a m N u r s i n g C o r p s . — The funeral took place on October nth of Miss Mary Rolason, a member of the Edgbaston Nursing Division and of V.A.D. Worcestershire 30. Miss Rolason died of pneumonia, following influenza con tracted while on V.A.D. service at Mayfield Auxiliary Hospital. She joined V.A.D. Worcestershire 30 in October, 1914, and from that time until a few days ago, except when prevented by ill-health, she gave all her time to voluntary aid work, first at Snow Hill Rest Station, then at Highbury Hospital, and latterly at Mayfield Hospital, Edgbaston. A funeral service was held at Wretham Road Church, and those present included Dr. John Griffiths, Commissioner of No. 2 District, County Director for Bristol, and Mrs. John Griffiths, O.B.E., Lady Superintendent Bristol Nursing Division, uncle and aunt of Miss Rolason ; Mrs. Arthur Cham berlain, A.C.D., O.B.E., representing the County Director of Birmingham and part Worcestershire ; Mrs. Oliver Lee, representing Mrs. Porter, Lady Superintendent of the Birming ham Nursing Corps and Commandant Worcestershire 30 ; the Matron and Sisters from Highbury; the Commandant and Sister-in-Charge from Mayfield ; and about seventy members of St. John Nursing Division. The coffin, covered by the Union Jack, was borne by staff officers of the Birmingham Ambulance Corps. Members of the Ambulance Corps and many patients from Mayfield were also present. The service was conducted and an address given by the Rev. E. J. E. Shreck.

N o r t h a m p t o n . — An examination has been held at the Ambulance Headquarters, Northampton, for V.A.D. nurses who have worked in Auxiliary Hospitals for more than two years and possess two or more white stripes, in order that they may qualify for the position of Assistant Nurse and be allowed to wear a blue efficiency stripe on their uniform. The examination was conducted by Dr. Wagstaff, of North ampton, and Mrs. Fidler(late principal matron of theT.F.N.S., First Western Division, Lancashire). Sixteen candidates satisfied the examiners. The examiners were very pleased with the candidates and complimented them on their work. Two of the girls did ex ceptionally well, obtaining 97 and 98 marks respectively out of 100. It is intended that this examination shall be held periodically in order that the nurses may qualify for the position they so richly deserve.

No. 5 District. S h e f f i e l d . — We regret to announce the resignation of Supt H E. Baggs, of “A ” Division, who, for the last three years, has carried out the duties of Corps Supt. and Financial Secretary. Supt. Baggs stepped into the breach created by other Corps Officers joining His Majesty’s Forces, and crowded into what was already a very strenuous life, the many respon sibilities and worries which are inevitable in an organisation of such prominence and activity as the Sheffield Corps. A nervous breakdown in the early part of the present year, made it imperative that for some time, at least, he shouli relegate his Corps duties to others. The members of the Corps will keenly feel the loss of his services. Sergt. Growdon of the Corps has obtained the long service medal of the Brigade ; he is a most active worker for the Sheffield Corps, and we hope he may be enabled to render still greater service for many years to come. During the last few weeks many visits have been paid by old members who are serving with His Majesty’s Forces. Some of the visitors went out to the East with the Bearer Com pany soon after the outbreak of hostilities, and the news they bring of other comrades, and the work they are doing “ over

AID. —

there,” increases the pride in the Corps from which the Bearer Company came into being.

No. 12 (Irish) District. “ O u r D a y F u n d .” — As excellent working Brigade Com mittee with Mr. McWilliam as secretary and Mr. A. J. Connor as treasurer, has been formed to get together a second collection for “ Our D a y ” appeal. The committee is aiming at doubling the brigade subscription of last year, and Sir John Lumsden, K.B.E. Commissioner is confident that Divisional Super intendents will rise to the occasion.

C it y o f D u u l in D i v i s i o n was the first “ open” Divi sion in Ireland, being founded in 1905, under Dr. C. R. Browne, surgeon, and Mr. John Thompson, superintendent The latter gentleman held office for exactly ten years, until an important business engagement called him to reside in England. Before he left he had the satisfaction of seeing the membership rise to nearly one hundred, of whom the majority are engaged in ambulance work, in both the Army and Navy. His division had, moreover, the distinction of winning the highest ambu lance trophy in Ireland, the Dublin Ambulance Challenge Cup. In December, 1915, he was succeeded by Mr. Robert W. Jameson, who was until then 2nd Officer of the division, and under whose leadership the Challenge Cup was retained in 1916, and though lost by a very small margin in 1917, was re-won in 1918. During the Rebellion in 1916, Supt. Jameson was in charge of one of the two ambulance wagons attached to the Castle Hospital, which he manned day and night with teams of his own men and those of neighbouring divisions, the other car being run by the military. One of the officers, Mr. C. E. I ley, worked for the “ G.R.s” who defended Beggar’s Bush Barracks, another, Mr. J. F. Homan, carried killed and wounded, night and day, to four different hospitals.. For distinguished service during that trying time the Order of St. John awarded to Supt. Jameson a medal, and four officers and men of the division certificates of Honour for Gallantry. In no particular has the division been more fortunate than in its hononary-surgeons. Dr. C. R. Browne was succeeded Dr. Andrew J. Charles, Dr. A. E. Wynne and Dr. George Pugin Moldon, the latter gentleman is now Acting Surgeon, having been promoted to Corps rank. Probably no other division in Ireland possesses so large a number of Medallions, Labels, etc., as well as a Demonstrator, Nursing Hygiene, and Military Sanitation certificates. And no other bears any comparison with it for attendance in uni form at race meetings, theatres, bazaars, sports of every description, all the tumultuous activities of a crowded city, in which the members of the Brigade help in such a palpable and practical way.

On the afternoon of Saturday, September 28th, the Royal College of Science, Dublin, V.A.D. (City of Dublin, No. 11) visited G Camp in Phcenix Park, where Capt. Henson, Camp Adjutant, and Capt. Ball, R.A.M.C., very kindly explained the sanitary and camp-hospital arrangements. Under Capt. Hen son’s guidance, the members gained practical experience of methods of water supply, of the salving of otherwise waste material by grease-traps, and of the removal and incineration of refuse. The arrangements for washing were unconsciously demonstrated by a number of men returning from a football match. The insight thus givenqnto the absolute and systematised cleanliness of a camp of two thousand men planted on an open plateau formed a very valuable lesson in sanitation. Cordial thanks were accorded to Capt. Henson.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers p lease m ention “ F irst Aid ”

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O c to b e r, 19 18.

THE ST. JOHN AM BULANCE GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

N ew s.

S ep t e m b e r , 1918. T he Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations:—

No.

3 D is t r ic t .

South Moor Nursing Division is in Abeyance, all members being on Active Service. Victoria Garesfield and Rowlands Gill Nursing Division. — Miss A. M. Monkhouse rejoins the Brigade, her services counting as continuous. Sunderland Nursing Division.— Mrs. Marguerite Sharp Reed, A.R.R.C., to be Lady Divisional Supt., 28.9.18.

No. 8

D is trict. Brighton and Hove Corps (Brighton Police Division).— Harold Farley Seymour, M.D., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 7.9.18, vice Div. Surgeon E. C. Maguire, deceased, June, 1918.

Lye Nursing Division.— Miss Hannah Haywood to be Nursing Officer, 1.9.18. Henry C. Darby, L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 1.9.18. Miss P. Hamblett to be Lady Divisional Supt., 1.9.18. Miss Annie Cook to be Nursing Officer, 1.9.18. Northampton Corps (Headquarters Nursing Division) — Miss Emmeline Cowley to be Nursing Officer, 17.9.18.

No. 9 D is tr ict . District Sergt. A. W. H. Parker to be Acting Distict Sec retary during the absence of District Sec. on active service with effect from 2.9.18.

No.

4 D istrict.

Assistant Commissioner A. L. Garnett resigned his appointment September, 1918. Burnley Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss L. Simpson resigned her appointment September, 1918. Tottington Nursing Division.— Miss Elizabeth Masser to be Nursing Officer, September 13th, 1918, vice Nursing Officer Miss Halliday resigned August 5th, 1918. Manchester Special Constables Corps (East Division).— William Thomas Hesketh to be Divisional Supt., 20.9.18, vice Divisional Supt. Charles W. E. Leigh placed on Reserve. Whitefield Nursing Division.— Miss Susannah Cook to be Lady Divisional Supt., 19.9.18, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Lancashire resigned 24.4.17. Manchester Special Constables Corps (West Division).— Richard Lionel Fell to be Ambulance Officer, 24.9.18. William Cunningham Wilson to be Ambulance Officer, 25.9.18.

No.

5. D is t r ic t .

Dewsbury and District Corps (Dewsbury Nursing Divi sion).— Mrs. Maud Barraclough to be Nursing Officer, August 28th, 1918. Spen Valley Corps (Cleckheaton Division).— John William Swales to be Acting Divisional Supt., September 20th, 1918, vice Divisional Supt. D. P. B. Davies resigned. Bradford City Nursing Division.— George Kee, L.R.C.P. and S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 11.9.18. Heeley Nursing Division.— William Henry Helm, L.R.C.P. & S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 14.9.18. Miss Ethel Taylor to be Lady Divisional Supt., 14.9.18. Mrs. Margaret Seagrove to be Nursing Officer, 14.9.18. Nottingham Corps (Bulwell Division).— Ernest R. Collard to be Ambulance Officer, 28.9.18.

No.

6 D is t r ic t . Bishop Auckland Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss M. Nevison resigned her appointment, Sept. 1918. Scarborough (Y.M.C.A. Division).— William Alfred Jaggard to be Ambulance Officer, 9.9.18. Frederick Cecil Colclough to be Ambulance Officer, 10.9.18. Stella Coal Co. Corps. (Addison Colliery Nursing Divi sion).— Lady Divisional Supt. appointed was Mrs, Alice Matilda Simpson. Charlaw and Sacriston Colliery Co. Division.— William Liveredge to the First Class Sergt., 239.18. Birtley Iron Co. Corps (Birtley Nursing Division).— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Constant Kirkup resigns her appoint ment and is placed on the Reserve.

12 D i s t r i c t .

Bray Nursing Division.— Daniel J. Roantree, M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O., to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.9.18. Public Services Corps (Royal College of Science Division). — William Arthur Winter, M.B., B.Ch., F.R.C.P., D.P.H., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.8.18. Nenagh Nursing Division.— Mary F. The Lady Dunalley to be Nursing Officer, 25.9.18. City of Dublin Corps (North Dublin Nursing Division).— Miss Elizabeth Whitehead to be Lady Divisional Supt., 18.9.18, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Hall resigned. Mrs. Mary Barber to be Nursing Officer, 18.9.18. N ew D ivision . No. 1 D istri ct . Limehouse Nursing Division No. 43 (Prince of Wales Corps), 9.9.18. Acton Nursing Division, No. 44 (Prince of Wales Corps), 28.9.18.

No.

3 D is t r ic t . Kidderminster Division, 30.9.18.

No. 5 D istr ic t . Sonada (Bradford) Division, 13.9.18.

No. 6 D is t r ic t . Close Works (Gateshead-on-Tyne) Nursing Division, 17.9.18. Southmoor Nursing Division is in abeyance. All members are on active service. M il it a r y D ecora ti ons

a nd

A w ar ds .

Butterfield, Pte. James, Bingley, Military Medal. Hoggarth, Coy. Sergt.-Major H., Hull Central, Military Medal. Shipstone, Pte. O. H., Hull Central, Military Medal. Holmes, Pte. C. E., Newcastle Northern, Italian Croix de Guerre. Edwards, Mrs. H. (Lady Divisional Supt.), Brighouse N.D., Royal Red Cross (2nd Class). R oll

H on o u r .

Allen, Pte. C. E., Merton and Wimbledon, R.N.A.S.B.R. Barwood, Pte. D., M.H.H.R. Buckley, Pte. C. F., Terrritorial Branch, M.H.H.R. Burford, Pte. F., Dudley, M.H.H.R. Carruthers, A/Sergt. R.. Sleekburb, M.H.H.R.

O ctober, 1 918,

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Chippendale, Pte. A., Padiham, M.H.H.R. Clarke, Pte. W. T., Gloucester Wagon Works, M.H.H.R. Crighton, Nursing Sister G. M., Sunderland N.D., V.A.D. Dyde, Pte. S., Nuneaton, R.N.A.S.B.R. Ellingham, Pte. E., Wellingborough, M.H.H.R. Foran, Pte. T., Dublin, M.H.H.R. Green, Pte. A., G.C. Railway, Pier Division, Hull Corps, R.G.A. Gregory, Pte. B., Stalybridge, M.H.H.R. Grey, Pte., J. W., Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade Division, R.E. Harrison, Pte. W. S., Rochdale, R.N.A.S.B.R. Higginbottom, Pte. J., Ellesmere, M.H.H.R. Hodge, Pte. A., M.H.H.R. Holmes, Pte. W., Earby, M.PI.H.R. Hough, Pte. C. W., Warsop, M.H.H.R. Jones, Pte. L., Blaenau Ffestiniog, M.H.H.R. Jowett, Pte. W., Eccleshill, R.F.A. Keen, Temporary Sergt.-Major, Toronto 1, M.H.H.R. Kershaw, Pte. P., Bolton, R.N.A.S.B.R, Lamb, Senr. Res. Attendant, W. T., Crosfield, R.N.A.S.B.R. Lancaster, Pte. A., Nelson, R.N.A.S.B.R. Lassetter, Corpl. J. H., M.H.H.R. Lingard, S/Sergt. R., Accrington, M.H.H.R. Muckle, Pte. W. J. S., Percy Main Colliery, M . H s H . R . Reader, Pte., A. R., Kensington, R . N . A . S . B . R . Robinson, Pte. A., Accrington, M.H.H.R. Robinson, Pte. N. D., Maryport, M.H.H.R. Sadler, Pte. A., Ashton-under-Lyne, M.H.H.R. Sharpies, Pte. R., Thornton, M.H.H.R. Smith, Pte. L. F., Toynbee Hall, M.H.H.R.

S t . J ohn V o l u n t a r y A id D et a c h m e n t s . The following Detachments have been registered :— Cheshire 176 (formed from the Winsford Nursing Division). Commandant, Mrs. A. Dudley, Aden Cottage, Gladstoneroad, Winsford. Northants 34 (formed from the Rothwell Nursing Division). Commandant, Miss Sarjeant, The Poplars, Rothwell. Northants 38 (formed from the Wellington Nursing Division). Commandant, Mrs. Pickering, 20, Park-road, Wellington. Queens Co. 4 (formed from the Portarlington Nursing Division). Commandant, Mrs. C. D. Odium, Kilnacourt, Por tarlington. A pp o in tm en ts , P romotions an d R esi gnations . Devon.— Mrs. Emsall, Acting Commandant, Devon 96, re signed. Durham.— Mr. E. S. Wood to be Assistant County Director, 15.4-18. Mr. A. Sinclair Young to be Assistant County Transport Officer, 3.9.15. Durham 17.— Mr. G. Watkin to be Commandant, 21.8.18, vice Mr. E. S. Wood promoted. Durham 41.— Mr. J. Steel to be Acting Commandant, 23.12.17, vice Mr. R. Stokoe, resigned. Durham 77.— Mr. W. T. Ryan to (be Commandant, 28.1.18. Durham 14.— Mrs. Margaret A. Strover to be Commandant with effect from 1.5.18, vice Mrs. A. Coulson, resigned' Durham 106.— Miss Eleanor T. Parker to be Quartermaster, 1 3-9-19; vice Miss Prudhoe, resigned. Hants.- Miss Elverett, R.R.C., to be Commandant of the Hants Reserve Detachment. Kildare.— Miss E. Moore to be Commandant of the Kildare 2, vice Dr. O’Donel Brown, resigned. Londonderry.— Miss Givene to be Commandant of London derry 6, vice Miss A. Murray, resigned. Northumberland 3.— Mr. M. Thompson to be Commandant, 3.11.17, vice Mr. S. Embleton, promoted to County Quarter master. Northumberland 9.— Mr. M. S. Freeman to be Commandant, 28.1.18, vice Mr. E. Watson, resigned. Northumberland 37.— Mr. J. F. W. Russell, to be Commandant, 23.10.17, vice Mr. H. B. Watson, resigned. Northumberland 72.— Miss Annie Carse to be Commandant, 16.8.18, vice Dr. Fraser.

JOH N

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

W.R. Yorks.— Miss C. Richaby to be Assistant Commandant of W.R. Yorks 80. D e a th s . The .ollowing deaths are reported with deep regret:— Mrs. Blair Boyd, Commandant, Antrim 4. Mrs. Wilhelmina Bartley, member of Antrim 26. Miss H. Moorby, member of W.R. Yorks R. Miss Marjorie G. Kenley, member of Tyrone 22.

The

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( Concluded from page 40.) In the evacuation of wounded, all and every means are to be employed, and there is plenty of opportunity for improvisation. The use of ammunition and water wagons, or lorries returning from the front, the establishment of a tram service and the utilisation of the prisoners of war, all come under his influence. Care must be taken not to allow the advanced dressing station to be blocked by cases. This is especially likely to occur in the first three to six hours of a fight, when the walking wounded accumulate. These men should not be removed by ambulance car, but by motor lorries, horsed ambulance wagons, trams, and even a short way back by ambulance trains. Although the Field ambulance commander is not responsible for the evacuation beyond the advanced dres sing station, he must see that there is no hitch, or other wise his station will be blocked, and the resulting back pressure tell on the whole scheme of evacuation. Let us consider in more detail the preliminary arrange ments made by the Field Ambulance Commander for the collection of wounded. The secret of rapid evacuation depends on the amount of care and forethought which has been exercised. This preparation includes :— r. Careful reconnaissance by field ambulance com manders, officers, and senior N .C .O .’s. 2. The working out of schemes of evacuation, with preparation of maps and diagrammatic plans. 3. Provision for accommodation of wounded a t :— regimental aid posts, divisional collecting posts, advanced dressing stations, divisional dressing stations, casualty clearing stations, 4. Storage of materials :— Blankets, stretchers, splints, medical comforts. 5.. Provision of tea kitchens. 6. A supply of reserve bearers. 7. Evacuation. 1. Field ambulance commanders, bearer officers, regimental medical officers and senior N .C .O .’s must make themselves acquainted with the geography of the land, and mark positions where shelter may be obtained. As a part of this reconnaissance should be included the flagging out of tracks for walking wounded, and the provision of one-way lamps at night. It is not easy to exaggerate the importance of this preliminary survey. T o avoid delay and hesitation at a time when every moment is precious, and reduces the strain on the stretcher bearers. Alternative routes should always be borne in mind. 2. From these reconnaissances, often carried out under conditions of great difficulty and danger, a general scheme of evacuation is made out. Maps and diagram matic plans are carefully worked out, and should be in the

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JOHN

hands of all medical officers concerned two days before attack day. These maps should show position of R .A .P.’s, relay posts, advanced dumps of stretchers and blankets, tracks for walking wounded, light railways, divisional collecting posts, advanced dressing stations and main dressing stations. 3. Accommodation f o r Wounded.— (a) R .A .P .s . Each aid post should have an ample supply of shell dressings, stretchers, blankets, and splints. There should be room for at least six stretcher cases. A Primus stove with sup ply of water, and a number of rations of solidified alcohol must always be on hand. (b) Relay Posts ■ — Shelter is required for stretcher bearers, and room for two cases in the event of shelling. (c) D iv isio n a l Collecting Posts. — These posts should accommodate thirty stretcher cases. They may be im provised from existing dugouts, or made out of “ elephant” shelters. The large “ elephant ” shelters can be adapted to take eight stretchers a side. Three are required, two for stretcher cases, and one for personnel, walking wounded, and dressings. (d) Advanced D ressing Stations. — The present ten dency is to separate the walking wounded from stretcher cases, even as far forward as the advanced dressing station. Walking wounded are directed either to a separate build ing or to a separate department of the advanced dressing station. Arrangements must be made to issue field medical cards, and the Padres who are usually attached to^ these advanced posts can make themselves very useful by giving clerical assistance. The careful filling in of these cards saves endless trouble down the line. At the advanced dressing station a special feature should be made of the provision of hot tea, and if neces sary, rum. A large stock of chocolate should be available. 4. Storage o f M aterial. — The field ambulance com mander should assure himself that the regimental aid posts are fully equipped with stretchers, blankets and shell dress ings, and should obtain a statement from the regimental medical officers that they have all they require. Each regimental aid post should start with twenty stretchers and twenty blankets. Each brigade in the line should have a dump of 50 stretchers and 50 blankets. These dumps should be care fully selected and at as far an advanced point as is prac tical, so that in the event of a successful advance the stretchers may be ready to hand. At the advanced dress ing station it is necessary to keep a large reserve of stretchers, and 300 should be available at the commence ment of the action. It is important to arrange a good circulation of stretchers and blankets, by ensuring that the bearers pro ceeding to the front take the back blankets and stretchers. 5. Tea Kitchens. — Tea kitchens should be estab lished at the advanced dressing stations, and if possible, at the various collecting posts. Arrangements should be made with D.A.D.O.S. to supply Soyer’s stoves and tea urns. The field ambulance should supply Primus stoves as a stand by. The S.S.O. will supply the neces sary trench tea and sugar rations. These kitchens are greatly appreciated by the men, and the warm tea helps them to bear with fortitude the pain of their wounds, and often will prevent a “ walker” becoming a stretcher case. 6.— Reserve Bearers. — In an attack, the number of trained regimental stretcher bearers is increased to 32.

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

October, 1918.

These men are distributed between the companies, with the exception of two squads, which are generally held in reserve at the aid post, or battalion headquarters. These stretcher bearers carry back the wounded to the aid posts, and there their responsibility ceases. At the aid post R.A .M .C. runners are stationed, and they keep the Field Ambulance Commander informed of the number of R .A .M .C squads required to clear the wounded. The Regimental Medical Officer should on no account lose touch with the Field Ambulance. The lessons of the recent battles have taught us that even doubling the number of the stretcher bearers is in sufficient to clear the wounded, and a further reserve of untrained bearers must be available at Brigade head quarters. One hundred men are required. These men should be divided into four sections, each section being made responsible for the clearing of an allotted part of the battle field. The Regimental medical Officer should be able to demand these bearers from brigade. 7. The Field Ambulance Commander in charge of evacuation is responsible for the clearing of the wounded from the regimental aid posts to the main dressing station. It has been found that a system of relay posts estab lished at fixed points is of great value. The bearers work on fixed stretches of road. The number of relay posts varies of course with the length of the carry, and they should be established at least every 1,000 yards. The last hand carry ends at the divisional collecting post, which, as the name signifies, serves as a point to which all cases are brought from the various aid posts. If necessary, two of these posts should be established, one for each sector of the field. The posts serve as temporary shelters in which patients are kept while waiting for cars, or places in which urgent surgical needs may be attended to. From the divisional collecting posts the cases are evacuated by ambulance car, tramway or light railway, directly to the casualty clearing stations concerned, For the sake of recapitulation and to present a con tinuous picture of the stages of evacuation, let us follow an individual case from the front back to the C C S. A / 1, Private T. Atkins, was wounded in the thigh in in the first wave of the attack at 5 a.m. He succeeded in dragging himself to a shell hole, where he was found and dressed by one of the battalion stretcher bearers at 6 a.m. In a temporary lull of the enemy’s barrage he was removed by the battalion stretcher bearers to the R .A .P , where he was dressed by the medical officer at 7 a.m. He was then carried by R .A ,M .C. stretcher bearers to the first relay post where a change of bearers was effected. The second relay post was reached at 10.30 a.m., and the divisional collecting post at 11 a.m. At this post he was given a hot cup of tea and afterwards loaded into a Ford motor ambulance car, which took him to the advanced dressing station by 11.30 a.m. At the A.D.S. his wound was dressed, an injection of A .T . [was given and the field medical card made out. At 12.30'p.m. he was loaded into a M.A.C. car and reached the C.C.S. at 1.30 p.m. No. 124, Pte. H , was wounded in the arm at 5 a.m. H e applied his field dressing, and, following the flagged track, reached the A.D.S. at 6.30 a.m. Here he was dressed, fed and given a field medical card. He was loaded in a lorry at 7.15 a.m, and reached the C.C.S. at 8 a.m. It is this collection of the wounded that appeals most to the public, and as a measure of the efficiency to which the Service has been brought, the startling achievement which landed wounded men at Charing Cross in the after

O cto b e r, 19 18.

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noon of the same day as they had fought on the crest of Messines, speaks for itself. The battlefield of Vimy was cleared in less than twelve hours, yet it is difficult to imagine more arduous labour than the carrying of stretchers along a muddy track, winding amongst shell holes or along slippery duckboards. Add to the insecure foothold the constant screech of shells, and the frequent hail of shrapnel bullets and pieces of high explosive shell. Infantry walking along a shelled track can dodge hurriedly into shell holes out of danger, but the R. A-M.C. bearers must keep steadily on. There is no escape for them if the Bosche gunner ranges success fully on the track. Moreover the R.A .M .C. have none of the joy and lust for battle; no power of hitting back. They must just “ carry on ” with the satisfaction of duty well done. Their regimental comrades are the first to give them credit for their work, and it will generally be found that the group of field ambulances of a division get as much, or more, recognition for their work than any group of similar strength in the division. No one who has seen their work on the blood-stained battlefields of Flanders during the present war, grudge the R.A .M .C. its proudly humble motto of “ In Arduis Fidelis.”

E xtracts V .A .D .

fro m

L etters

M em bers

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W o rk in g

fro m

M ilita r y

H o sp ita ls. Sa l o n i c a . I th or ou g h ly enjoyed the journey out, and was very well looked after, both by people on the trains and the military authorities all over the place. I passed through two wellknown capitals, and saw the most important sights. The latter part of the trip was extremely hot, It is not unbear able here. We do not work very long hours during the summer, but make an early start about 8.15 a.m. We have to be in by 8 p.m. except on special leave, so that the evening is very short. There seems to be plenty to eat, and we always take every opportunity of having motor rides rather than walk. Pedestrians always have a weather eye on the motors, and the drivers are quite ready to help us along. The roads are very bad indeed. I thought you might care to have a few particulars of our life out here in camp, so will try and give an idea of the most interesting ones. Personally, I think if I had to choose a site for a camp this is the one I would have chosen. It is perfectly lovely with the sea in front, and be yond glorious purple mountains, Olympus being one of them— and mountains again, away to the back of us, and the town a most quaint and interesting old place— to the right, sloping right up, away from the sea seen at close quarters, the town is cobbled and dusty and dirty to a de gree, and redolent of every peculiar smell under the sun, from wine and coffee and resinous wood, aud rotting fruit and dust that seems to have had no rain on it for a hun dred years or so, to cresol and chloride of lime, of which the authorities love to disinfect any places with which we have to do. I generally go into town two or three times a week— in a “ Jin Lizzie”— a light Ford van, of which there are no end about— and do my shopping. A corporal drives me,

JOHN

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GAZETTE. —

and the driving in the street would send some of the L on don police to distraction, as the various nationalities dart about in all directions irrespective of whether they are on their right side for driving or not. I usually go into town for vegetables and things we don’t get in rations, and as the Greeks say “ English sister plenty money,” I hasten to disillusion their minds on that point, and have now become an adept at meeting them on their own ground and beating them down— as they expect one to do, a thing I could never have thought possible at home. I could tell you many things of interest if I might. Being so close to the sea, we all bathe and swim as much as possible, and I think to that we owe the fact that we are so fit and well, and stand the heat as well as we do. It has been frightfully hot this summer, but we wear white and the minimum amount of clothes, so it is not as bad as it might be. In town I sometimes see Macedonians wear ing thick coats lined with fur— I suppose to keep out the heat. With regard to food, it is excellent, and we want for nothing in reason, having plenty of bread, tea, jam, meat, bacon, flour, etc, and as we have a mess fund we buy things that are not issued in rations, and try and get as much variety as possible. Heaps of dried fruit we have, too ; currents and raisins, but we miss fresh vegetables, but we are getting more of those now. It is amazing what appetities all the girls have, myself included. I think it is with being so near the sea. It is a pretty strenous life, but we get amusements, too. There are some awfully good concert parties about, and there are some really first-class professionals amongst them. I ’ve seen far better and more amusing companies here than in town, and so sometimes the singing and act ing has been exceptionally good. We take it in turns to go to these concerts with the girls, and sometimes we go picnics occasionally by ambulance and sometimes by the Red Cross motor boat, of w h i c h has charge ; some of us have been out with her to-day across the bay, had a lovely swim and then tea on board, and home again, I trust I am not boring you with all these details, but I know what an interest you take in us all, and I thought you might like to hear some of our doings. Per sonally I am very happy here and like the life, but I always have liked roaming, and would not mind where I was sent. I am waiting this letter in the doorway of my tent with the pad on my knee and a fiystrafer by my side, and every now and again I get a good bag of flies and mosquitos. The latter usually begin operations about this time, but am glad to say they haven’t operated on me yet, Most of us are sleeping outside at present, the only difficulty is to arrange the mosquito nets securely when doing that. F

r a n c e

No doubt you will be pleased to know that I am enjoying myself while on active service. I also feel happy because I am sure the little bit I am doing is helping to comfort the poor boys who have suffered so many privatations for us all. I am so happy here and I just love my work, this is such a lovely place and quite near the sea. I had the influ enza after I had been here a short time and was sent down to the hospital. It was so nice down there and I had a lovely time, but all the same I was very anxious to get

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back to work again and I feel so well now. Commandant in so very kind and nice ; both Commandant and Quatermaster were so very good to me when I was ill. I have been twice moved, at first I worked in one of the blocks with my sister, and we got on well when we got used to it. We were moved after about a month, my sister into the M .O .’s mess and myself into the Sister’s mess. I did not like being there, and asked to be transferred; I was fortunate enough to get my transfer and am now working in the patients’ dining hall and find the work very hard— plenty of scrubbing— but I do not mind it much. My work in the ward is most interesting, and it is nice to feel one is actually doing something for the boys who have willingly done so much for me. You will be pleased to hear I am getting on nicely and still love my work ; I think it is most interesting to come out here. I am quite happy. I have had several moves and am now at the Sick Officers mess. I am quite happy there and I hope I shall not be moved again for some time. Our Commandant is so very nice and considerate.

G eneral

L e tte r

C o m m itte e D

e a r

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C o u n ty

J o in t

V .A .D .

D ire c to rs.

you the following for your information:— Blue Stripe Examination. It has been decided by the Central Joint V .A D. Committee that 75 per cent, of marks must be obtained fora pass. County Directors are asked to arrange, if possible, that the examinations shall be conducted by one doctor through out the county. Where this is possible, that the various examining doctors shall be asked to act in co-operation in order to ensure uniformity in examining and marking. Where possible it is advisable for the examinations to be held on the same day. They should be held at large centres and at fixed intervals. Several small examinations spread out over many weeks will tend to weaken the test of efficiency, as the kind of question asked may become known. The examination was arranged as a test of practical efficiency and of the knowledge obtained by our members while working at our hospitals. It is not intended that a syllabus shall be published beforehand or that the members shall have opportunity of reading up the subjects prior to examination. The Blue Stripe is not a two years’ service bar, and should be worn in addition to the white war service bars, or (in the case of those members who have obtained fo u r white bars) the blue or black frog which represents four years’ service. General Service. I am asked by Lady Ampthill to request County Directors kindly to send her any copies of Army Form W 3635 which may have been sent to them by officers commanding hospitals. According to A.C.I. 1330 page 7, para 15, these forms are required to be kept at Devonshire House. V.A.D. Allowance Scheme. County Directors apply ing for a further half-year’s grant should have the account for the past half-year audited by chartered accountants be fore sending it to the Finance Committee. s e n d

JOHN

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

O c to b e r, 1 9 , 8 .

St. John Honorary Commandants. I am asked by the Secretary of St. John V .A .D .’s to inform you that officers holding assistant rank in St. John Detachments may wear the letter “ A ,” and Honorary Commandants the letter “ H ,” in white metal on the shoulder straps. Investitures. Members of the Nursing Service, in cluding nursing V .A .D .’s, who are summoned to investi tures to receive a decoration, should wear indoor uniform with gloves. County Director Appointment. Lady Bellingham, Castle Bellingham, Co. Louth, has been appointed County Director in the place of Col. T. J. Jones, re signed. Aliens. County Directors are particularly asked to forward alien applications to this office on Devonshire House forms, such as J.W. 19c. All alien applications for transmission to the War Office should be sent in on forms J.V.A.D. 12b and 13b (in duplicate). Doctors. An Army Council Instruction has just been issued which states that Class A hospitals receiving 3s. 9d. per occupied bed per day will not be debarred from drawing payments for civilian practitioners. No. 1039, 13th September.) G.S. Members and Sick Pay. The Army Council have issued an Instruction under which General Service officers and members can obtain Insurance and Pay during sickness. (No. 1025, 13th September.) Uniform. Please ask your Commandants to see that their V.A.D. members do not wear the bonnet and veil authorised for Commandants and High Officers of the Society. It is entirely contrary to regulations for members to wear these. Yours faithfully, C h il t s o n , C h ie f County Director.

September, 27th, 1918.

To the County Director. D ear S ir ,—

In a letter which was sent to you by Lord Chilston on 9th June last permission was given for all V.A.D. Com mandants and members to wear their uniform for the street collection which will be made on “ Our Day.” I am now writing to ask you whether you would give notice to the commandants and members that they have this per mission, and to ask them that they do all they can to help us on October 24th, or on whichever date “ Our D a y ” is held in their particular County. We have to make a very big effort this year, as we have to get at least as much as we did last year— ,£2,500,000— if our work is not to suffer, and we can hardly expect the same very generous support from overseas that we have received in previous years. One special difficulty that we have to face this year is the shortage of ladies to sell flags, etc. This is not due to any falling off of their enthusiasm for the Red Cross but simply to the fact that so many members who sold in pre vious years are now working full time in one or other of the new war services, and therefore cannot give up the time to work for us on “ Our Day.” If Nurses, Command ants and V.A.D.’s will give us their assistance and will help in selling wherever they can the deficiency in sellers, which is a very serious matter for us, will be very largely decreased. Lord Chilston is away, but I know that he would approve my action in writing to you, and I am therefore asking you in his name and mine for this assistance, which will be of great importance to us and for which we shall be very grateful.— Yours faithfully, A

r t h u r

t a n l e y

Chairman.

October,

19 18,

- F I R S T

A I D —

bers of this section should enter into a definite contract

CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

with the Government, be paid by them, and be entitled to wear their uniform with a distinguishing badge; should be

E ditorial — Safety Committees in Factories and Workshops

appointed by the military authorities and gazetted.

50 51

the military authorities.

District R epor ts — No. 1 ; No. 2 ... No. 3; No. 5; No. 12

...

** *

T he St . John ’s A m bu lan ce G a z e t t e — Official Brigade News

...

52 53

The Doctor at the Front Extracts from Letters Received from V.A.D. Mem bers Working in Military Hospitals ... General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors Brevities

...

Col. R. J. Blackham, C.M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O. ... Meeting of V.A.D. Recruiting Commandants ... Brigade Services Overseas

...

Queries a n d A nswers to C o r r e s p o n d e n t s — Vagaries of Competitions Fracture of Knee-cap

60 6l

Recurrence of Gas Poisoning Symptoms ...

E ditor— ...

increased by over 50 per cent., bringing the total number * * * Mrs. Cran, the Lady Divisional Superintendent of the Salford Nursing Division,

No. 4 District,

H.M. the King of the Belgians,

fields in the country after the successful operation of the field.

The

advantage

the

new

of the aeroplane

of accidents, regardless and

affords

feature in the conduct of this Journal

has been the ever-increasing popularity During the past

twelve

our

months Dr.

Query Corbet

Fletcher has, on our behalf, dealt with no fewer than 108

aeroplane

the occupants

ambulance

with

* * *

Q.M.S. J. C h e s t e r m a n , R.A.M.C-, has the honour to have presented

respiration ; 7 to shock ; 4 to insensibility ; and the re

from the order of St.

mainder

and

history, etc.

propped-up

legs extending into the fuselage.

scalds and other local injuries; 8 to asphyxia and artificial textbook,

slightly

position with the head toward the pilot and the feet and

22 to wounds and haemorrhage; 12 to poisoning; 10 to

bandaging,

used for

the rear cockpit

is fitted with a com

to rest easily; he is strapped in a

Thus, 31 queries referred to fractures ;

e.g.,

a smooth and

bination of folding seats that will allow the injured man

queries on all phases of first aid work sent to us from all

topics,

is that it can

of the locality or

The standard training plane

cleared and enlarged sufficiently,

sundry

by her

United States Division of Military Aeronautics

comfortable trip.

B re v itie s.

* * *

poor roads,

parts of the world.

recognition

the

interest taken in the Belgian refugees and wounded.

reach scenes

column.

has had

Medaille de la Reine Elisabeth conferred upon her

first of these emergency air carriers in a southern flying

The Complete First Aider

n ote wo rt hy

the

has authorised the use of ambulance planes at all aviation

P ractical P o i n t s —

During

up to 1,325.

to t h e

Association.

56 57 58 58 59

Injury to Scalp

The Brigade Uniform

with the St. John Ambulance

Perforating Wound of Lower Jaw Letters

We have received a copy of the report for 1917 of the Northamptonshire Red Cross Committee in conjunction year the number of beds in the hospitals of the county have

...

Section

B should not be a State service or placed directly under

valuable

him the special thanks on vellum

services

John of Jerusalem rendered

for

the

zealous

furtherance

During the same period we have published

of the

work

32 “ Practical Points,” a new column first introduced in

Grand

Priory

October last, apd dependent for its continuation on the

John of Jerusalem

contributions of our readers, to whom we commend what

man has been a member of the Brigade

has proved column.

and has been in the R .A .M .C. service since August 6th, 1914. * *

most interesting

well

instructive

* * * .

the supply of V.A.D. nurses the following suggestions were made to overcome this shortage.

Ambulance

the Order in

England.

Department the

Hospital

Q M.S.

for

the

of St. Chester

years,

In a recent article in The Spectator on the shortage in

divided into two sections.

the

The V.A.D. should be

Section A to include the full

time workers, and section B those who can only give part of their time. Section A should be formed into a Women’s Auxiliary Branch of the Army Medical Corps,

All mem

Under the auspieces of the the Hampstead Division S.J.A.B., Dr. Corbet Fletcher will give a course of lectures on First Aid for men and women in the Lecture Hall of Oxendon Presbyterian Church, Haverstock Hill (close to Chalk Farm Tube Station), starting on Tuesday, October 15th at 8 p.m.

Special arrangements are being made for

those who cannot attend the first lectures.

— FIRST

C o l.

B la c k h a m ,

C .I.E .,

C .M .G .,

D .S .O .

O u r readers, especially those in India, will be interested to hear that Col. Blackham experienced three favourable turns of Fortune’s wheel recently, viz., he was mentioned in Sir Douglas Haig’s despatch, awarded the C.M.G., and promoted substantive Colonel. Col. Blackham services to the ambulance cause are well known, especially to members of the St. John Ambul ance Brigade, who will remember that he organised and commanded, in his capacity of Assistant Commissioner,

A i a — M e e tin g

O c t o b e r, 19 18.

V .A .D .

R e c ru itin g

C o m m a n d a n ts. A m ee ti n g was held on Friday, Sept. 27th, 1918, at Devonshire House, attended by a large number of Re cruiting Commandants from various parts of England and Wales. The chair was taken at 11 a.m. by Lady Ampthill, G . B . E , C.I. Mr. Armitage and Mr. Hankey were present in their dual capacity of County Director and Recruiting Commandant. Proceedings were opened by the reading by Lady Ampthill of a letter from the Chairman of the Joint War Committee, Sir Arthur Stanley, G.B.E., M.P,, which was as follows :— “ Dear Lady Ampthill, I should very much like to accept your kind invitation to meet the Recruiting Commandants on Friday next, but I am unfortunately obliged to be in Liverpool on that date. I entirely agree with you that they have done the most splendid work, and I wish I could have seen them to offer them personally my very sincere and grateful thanks. They have had a specially difficult time lately as so many other Womens’ Services have sprung up, but the way in which they have kept up our recruiting is wonderful, and reflects the greatest possible credit upon them. Will you please convey to them my very sincere regret that I can not meet them on Friday, and my earnest hope that I may have an opportunity of seeing them at some future time? Yours sincerely, (signed) A r t h u r St a n l e y .

o l

R. J.

l a c k h a m

C.M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O.

the contingents of the Brigade which rendered such signal service at the Coronation Durbar, and gained the thanks of the Secretary of State and Government of India for personal assistance to the Viceroy of India after the Delhi outrage in 1912. Not content with obtaining several of the higher medical degrees, such as the London D.P.H., Col. Black ham has been called to the Bar, and is a Member of the Society of Apothecaries and a Freeman of the City of London. H e has written a number of books on hygiene, ambul ance and kindred subjects. Most of these have attained great popularity, and his Indian Manual of First Aid has actually reached its nineteenth edition.

When corresponding with Advertisers please men tion “ First Aid.”

Lady Ampthill then said, “ There are many not able to be present to-day, owing to the strike, and Mrs. Proctor is unable to come, having heard of the death of her son. I am sure you will all wish me to convey to her our very sincere sympathy and regret. It is a great pleasure to meet you, and we fully realise at Headquarters all the work you have done for us in the past. I should like you to know how really grateful we are, and how much we appre ciate your efforts. We have between 6,000 and 7,000 G.S. members working now. The need for recruits, both Nurs ing and General Service, is entirely due to the enormous increase in the demands for members.” Questions having been previously sent up embodying various difficulties felt by the Recruiting Commandants, Lady Ampthill answered these questions categorically. The bulk of the questions referred to General Service. Many of the Commandants complain that G.S. mem bers are treated differently to the Nursing members, and expressed their opinion as to the inadvisability of any such treatment. It was pointed out to [them that the Nursing members rank as officers, and they replace trained nurses who have always held officers’ rank, whereas the G.S. members are releasing non-commissioned officers and men. Lady Ampthill suggested that this should be clearly ex plained to the G.S members, in order that they might not feel injured by any seeming difference in the treatment of the Nursing members and of themselves. The pay or allowances of cooks was also referred to, and it was agreed practically unanimously that the pay of cooks was inadequate, but that it was the same in all the womens’ services. The uniform question was also discussed with much interest. Lady Ampthill stated that an Army Clothing Store was under consideration, by which all G.S. members when called up for Hospitals would receive their uniform in kind instead of in the form of a money grant. This should remove the difficulty which is felt by G.S. members obtaining their uniform under the present conditions.

— FIRST

October, 19 1 8

A wish was unanimously expressed that the Reserve Commandants should, if possible, wear some star or joint badge to show that they ate recruiting for both Societies. This of course referred only to those Commandants to whom the above information applies. It was suggested that the Commandant’s Star of both Societies should be worn. Enquiry was made as to whether members who are discharged from hospitals are necessarily to be dismissed also from their Detachments. This was considered not obligatory, but a matter for the decision of the County Director. The best means of recruiting were discussed, and it was considered that local advertisements, and especially advertisements in village Post Offices, were the best means of obtaining fresh members. The question was brought up as to whether compulsory payment should be brought in for all V .A .D . members. This was unfavourably received, though many Com mandants expressed an opinion that more members should have allowances. Other suggestions were as follows:— That a list of the requirements in personnel be inserted every month in the Red Cross Journal, and also that when experienced mem bers were required for France, notices ’should be sent to Officers Commanding in Hospitals asking for a certain number of transfers to be made for the purpose. This would of course come through the County Director. That these meetings be held every three or four months. The Recruiting Commandant for Northumberland and Durham proposed a vote of thanks to Lady Ampthill for having so ably taken the chair. This was seconded by the Recruiting Commandant for Norfolk, and was carried unanimously. Votes of thanks to the other Officers at Devonshire House, and to the Commandant and Orderlies in the Hall were also given.

B rig a d e

S e rv ic e s

O verseas.

h e British Government having accepted a generous offer by the Colony of Hong Kong, to equip and bear the ex penses in connection with the immediate despatch of a Red Cross Unit for service in Siberia, the Hong Kong and China District of the Brigade Overseas has furnished a detachment of two medical men and eleven ladies, mem bers of No. i V.A.D. Nursing Division, under the charge of Mr. Edwin Ralphs, F.R.G.S., the Acting Assistant Com missioner in charge of the District. Nine of the ladies are fully trained and qualified. This is a matter of great satisfaction for the Order of St. John and its Ambulance Department, because the Hong Kong and Ching District is one of the latest develop ments of the Brigade Overseas, and has been brought to a condition of high efficiency by Mr. Ralphs, who has been persistently supported by the personal interest shown in the movement by H.E. the Governor and Lady May, the latter having been from its formation Commandant of the V.A.D., which she was mainly instrumental in starting and which is now some 50 members strong. Mr. Ralphs, who is head of the Hong Kong Techni cal Institute, and has been some 20 years or so in the Colony, occupies an important position in the Education Branch, and it is to his energy and enthusiasm that the

AI D.

Hong Kong and China District has advanced so rapidly and satisfactorily, He has already made valuable progress with the Chinese, who have been found particularly adapt able and keen first aiders. H e has been greatly assisted in this connection by a patriotic Chinese gentleman, Mr. H o Korn Tong, who has equipped and maintains one division of students entirely at his own expense. We understand that Mr. Ralphs, on his arrival at Vladivostock, will assume the duties of British Red Cross Commissioner pending the arrival of Major-General Sir C. H. Powell, K.C.B. The party of V.A.D. members who accompany him will, we feel sure, be a welcome and efficient reinforcement for the Red Cross workers in Siberia and we wish them every success in their humane mission. Very little is heard by the general public of the good work which is done so unostentatiously by the St. John Ambulance Brigade, and the two following brief accounts of the varied types of duties which they are called upon to perform are of interest. T he clerk of the Tyne Port Sanitary Authority in a letter of appreciation of the services of members of a Divi sion of the Brigade in that district referred to the circum stances under which these members were working as being “ somewhat unusual.” Arrangements had been made by the Brigade to meet a ship bringing over the Refugees from Russia, and on the arrival of the ship it was found that there were small pox and other infectious diseases on board, and the ship was consequently put into quarantine. After being ‘in quarantine for a few days the Brigade was asked to remove the first-class passengers who had been isolated. T o use the words of the Sanitary Authority, “ This work being of a highly dangerous character was, however cheer fully carried out by the members of the Brigade.” T he steerage passengers were also similarly dealt with, and finally, after a period of quarantine the six Serbian soldiers were landed. Another type of work in which members of the Bri gade have been engaged is the repatriation of prisoners of war. At a certain port, members of a Detachment of the Brigade had been busily engaged in the transference of cot cases among both British civilians or soldiers and German civilians or soldiers. These have been conveyed to and from the waiting ambulance trains and tenders, and members of the Brigade have also proceeded out to sea and assisted in conveying the wounded from the Dutch liners to the tenders and vice versa.

We shall be publishing in the next issue an illustrated article on the new Ambulance Train recently constructed by the Great Central Railway for the United States Mili tary Authorities.

We have received several letters from our readers relating to the alterations in the Brigade uniform. We regret that owing to the pressure upon our space we are unable to insert these. It would appear from this corre spondence that the majority of our correspondents do not approve of the alteration— some on the grounds of the expenses incurred and others on account of impractibility ; while the ambulance officers do not like the idea of what they call going back to private’s uniform.

— FIRST

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries will be dealt with under the following rules :— /.— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-strect, London, E .C I 2.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries f ’-om abroad from a recent issue. ?.— The Textbook, to which rejerence may be made in ihtse columns, is the Revised (79/7) Edition of S.J.A.A. Manual of First-Aid. V aga rie s S.

C o m pe tit io n s .

T. (Mexbro) expresses his sincere appreciation of the Answers to his Queries in August issue, and, in an inter esting letter, points out that all were based on actual

Photo by] T

V.A.D . S ecti on

AID. —

O c t o b e r , 19 18.

(2) My experience is that Competitions are usually run on the haphazard lines and that this explains many of the discrep ancies in treatment amongst the doctor-judges who, having no standard for judging, naturally detail the marks in accordance with their personal views. Indeed, precise conditions of Com petitions are rarely laid down beforehand or, if laid down, are so vaguely worded that they admit of several and totally different constructions. (3) Keep smiling, carry on, and urge those who promote competitions to draw up precise rules and conditions and to place a copy of the same in the hands of the judge before he sets to work to prepare the tests required.— N. C orbet F letcher. F racture

K n e e -cap .

E. P. (Poplar).— In a recent competition the shield was lost through the examiner deciding that the feet must be tied together for fracture of the knee-cap. Is this correct or should we follow the treatment laid down in the textbook. On your statement of facts, the decision was incorrect. With uncomplicated fracture of the knee-cap no advantage is obtained from tying limb to limb, because the danger of aggra-

[Sweetman Hcdgeland, Maidstone. of t h e

St . J ohn A m b u la n c e N ursi ng D iv ision , M a i d s t o n e .

Competitions in which his treatment tallied with ours but not with the various Judges. In his letter (1) referring to Query on “ Varicose Veins,” he accepts our condolences and asks what we would offer to the Judge who actually gave marks for removing the blood clot ; (2) he remarks that First Aiders have cause for complaint when the doctors, who are judging, differ so much in the methods required ; and finally (3) he asks what should be done under these circumstances. (1) A fre e c o p y o f th e te x t-b o o k — o p e n e d

at p. 85.

vation rests, not on side-to-side movements as with fractures of the leg and thigh, but on attempts at bending the injured knee. With a fractured patella, therefore, our chief object is to prevent this (and the consequent separation of fragments) partly by keeping the knee joint fully extended by raising the ex tended limb, whereby we ensure relaxation of the thigh muscles and also tend to minimise the swelling of the knee joint asso ciated with the injury. Under these circumstances, you should forget this accident and follow carefully the instructions of the textbook. See also Answer to S. T. (Mexbro).— N. C. F.

October, 19 18.

— FIRST I njury

S ca l p .

G. (Ossett).— A woman has been caught by a revolving pulley, as the result of which the scalp is torn off. What is the proper method of rendering First Aid?

Treat in accordance with General Rules for Wounds and and Hcemorrahage (Textbook, p.p. 79-85). Control hemorr hage at first opportunity with full antiseptic precautions. Treat shock ; release scalp from pulley, protecting it from further [contamination since the doctor will probably decide to stitch it back into position ; and summon medical assistance without a moment’s delay. If, however, the scalp is not torn off, but merely lifted, then act as before, but replace scalp in position, interfering with it as little as possible and await the doctor’s arrival.— N. C. F.

P e r f or a ti n g W ou n d G.

AID. —

L ower Jaw .

G. (Ossett).— A man, while removing wood from a timber stack, falls and comes into contact with a piece of wood which is stuck in the ground. He sustains a nasty wound under the lower jaw, the piece of wood penetrating into his mouth through the back of the tongue and injuring theTonsil. What is the right method of treatment ?

A S K Y 0 U «.

H E M I

S T F 0 R

SEPTIC WOUNDS Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I O D E X . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid h ea lin g. For inflamed conditions I o d e x is id ea l. Try it. All good chemists stock it.

First remove the cause, though I expect that the patient, if conscious, would do this for you. Then treat the perforating wound on General Rules (Textbook, pp. 79-85) and obtain medical assistance at once. By-the-way, the full extent of injury, detailed above, would probably not be known till after the doctor’s examination of patient.— N.C.F.

R ecurrence

G as Poisoning S ymptoms .

Royal Army Medica Corps. British Red Cross Society. Croix Rouge Francaise,

A First Aid class for men will be held in the ambu lance quarters of the Special Constabulary Division at 32, Church-road, Upper Norwood, S.E. The lectures will be delivered by Dr. Douglas, and application for membership should be made to Mr. Ernest Normand, 4, Foxhillgardens, Upper Norwood.

The course of instruction in first aid recently held at St. John’s Gate having been completed an examination in in this subject will be held at St. John’s Gate on Tuesday, 22nd October, at 5.30 onwards for ladies, [and 'on Thurs day, 24th October at 5.30 onwards for men. A further course of instruction will commence the following week, ^nd applications for admission should be made to the Honorary Secretary, Mr. F. Pearce, St. John’s Gate. A course of Home Nursing Lectures will jalso shortly be

USED

B Y :—

Belgian Field Hospitals, French Field Hospitals, Numerous Military Hospitals, Members of St. John Ambulance.

M E N L E Y & J A M E S , Ltd., 39, Farrlngdon Road, LONDON, E.C.1.

M. P. (Edmonton):— Men who have been gassed have been known to suffer from re-attacks in foggy weather. Please tell us the cause of this and what is the best treatment for the attacks. 1 have never met with nor heard of a true recurrence of gas-poisoning symptoms, apart from further exposure to gas. I suspect that your cases are those of after-effects, which are unfortunately exceedingly common and are the outcome of a weakened condition of the lungs. Amongst these we recognise Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Asthma and Bronchitis, all of which are aggravated by the functional disturbance of the Nervous System associated with the original injury and with atmospheric changes, as in foggy weather. Under these circumstances, * there is little or no indication for First-Aid interference, and nothing should be done beyond securing the patients’ comfort durinar transport to his home aud summoning medical aid with out delay.— N. C. F.

REGULARLY Royal Navy.

Contractors to H.M. Government.

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t V a st modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish —at prices that challenge compari son with an y other clothing of equal quality. Prices and Samples on request.!

, TY

NILE ROAD,

at 6 , Y O R K

STREET, LONDON,

N .I.,

P L A C E , L E E D S , and

— FIRST

AID. —

O ctobe r, 1918.

The old cross-belt and pouch had their uses, as “ A Working Supt.” points out: the new belt will be neither useful nor ornamental.— D ivisional S u p e r i n t e n d e n t .

Setters to the Sditor. tVe are in no may responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— Editor, Etc.

THE

BRIGADE

U N IF O R M .

[practical Joints.

The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa. and bad toints in Treatment—for inclusion in this Column.

SIR,— I endorse the remarks of “ Ambulance Officer,” in your September issue. If a change of uniform is considered necessary, why not seize the opportunity to get rid of the black cloth (so unsuitable for work and so difficult to keep clean and in good order), and adopt some serviceable neutral colour ? The changes now made seem nearly all for the worse. My Division is composed chiefly of business and pro fessional men, and has hitherto worn the khaki V.A.D. uniform. I have always anticipated difficulty in retaining the members after the war, and now they are to be dressed like railway porters I begin to dispare of its possibility. Most divisions have members who have been granted commissions in the Army, and I have been looking forward to seeing many of these in the position of ambulance officers after the war, but 1 fear the new uniform for ambulance officers will prove a stumbling block. Why should there be a greater difference between the uniform of superintendents and ambu lance officers than exists in the old uniform or in the V.A.D. uniform ? And surely the Sam Browne belt without a brace is too much like Hamlet with the Prince of Denmark left out. With such an abbreviation, why call it a “ Sam Browne” at all?

H USSEY & CO.,

T he C o m pl et e F irst -A ider . Returning home recently from Brigade Practice, I heard cries for help coming apparently from someone in the canal which runs th.ough the centre of the village in which 1 live. The night was very dark and a dense fog had settled over the valley. Having given the alarm, we dragged the canal for two hours and eventually recovered the body of a young lady. 'As this was the second fatal accident at this spot, due to the bridge being unfenced, I photographed the danger spot and sent copies to the foreman of the jury, who recommended the Urban District Council to fence the bridge and prevent further acci dentsOwing to scarcity of men, the Council were unable to erect the fence and have just completed the work. Thus, I discovered the accident ; gave the alarm ; dealt with the case ; proved the danger of the place ; finally made it impossible for another similar accident to occur at the same place. — O. B. Wigan.

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lt d .,

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Finest Irish Collars, Cuffs and Belts, in various depths, and all sizes kept in stock.

9/6, 16/6. In lengths 48 in., 50in. 52 in., 54 in., 56 in.

5/3

14/11

Best quality Irish Calico Aprons,^well-fitting Gored

our E.

“ S t. Cecilia Apron.” With extra large bibs and wide curved straps over the Operating Coats, as worn in shoulders, and weU cut gored two patch pcckets, in lengths, 34111., the M ilitary Hospstals. skirt measuring 72 in. at foot. 36in., 38in., 4oin., each. M ade in Linen-finished Cloth, Sister Grace Collar, with one stud, 8 * d . In fine Irish Calico, light yet with or w ithout pocket, strong, each. each. each. In Cream Linen-finished Sister Grace Cuffs, io*d. per pair. Stocked in 3 lengths, 36m., Cloth, each. 38 in., and 40ins. Oversleeves, for wear in hospital, / *, 1/11A, / * per pair. Stiff White Belts Special measurements for in all sizes, 2* in. wide, 1/- each. larger or smaller Coats care Hemstitched Oblong Cap, in fine Lawn, fully followed, or different styles made according to 18 in. by 27 in. and 19 in. by 28 in., 1/C a rr ia g e Paid on custom ers’ requirements. each. all Orders overlO/Linen Masks, 1/6 * each. Sister4Dora Cap, *d>, / *, / * each.

Skirts. In lengths 34 in., 36 in., 38in., 40in. As illustration,

5/6 each.

HUSSEY & CO., Ltd.,

17/6 each.

White Apron, regulation pattern, with

Blue Lustre Overall,

In 3 sizes—Small, Medium and Large.

L ist

19/6

36 in. square, / * and / *, 27 in. square, / * each.

Bonnets with and without veils in the newest styles.

34in., 36in., 38 in., 40in.,

Or unlined, 6 3 / -

P ric e

12/9

Grey Cotton Washing Dress, in 4 sizes,

In best N avy W est of England Serge, lined to waist and sleeves, /-

fo r

for all Nurses.

Cloaks and Coats cut on the smartest lines, and only the best and most reliable materials used.

holes, in all sizes, 8 * d . each. Sleeves, with wrist band and finished with elastic a t top. C o tto n .. .. 1/3* U nion .. .. 1/111 Pure L in en .. 2/11* Stiffened Belts in all sizes, 2* in. depth, 1/- each.

In Black or

W rite

Washing Dresses

in Zephyr and M atron Cloth, in self oolours and stripes, and leach. In 3 stock sizes.

Outdoor Uniform

Collars, with 2 stud

8 /6 each. In 4 sizes.

Nunes’ Uniforms of all descriptlous.

116

2 11

7/6

13/6

16 111

, Bold Street, LIVERPOOL.

Establ ished - • 1859. Telephone: 5162 Royal.

O ctober, 19 18.

— FIRST

AID.—

The St. John Ambulance Association.

NURSES’ WEAR I J E R E at Harrods the Private or 1 A Professional Nurse will find every requisite of her calling, all of the first quality.

LIFE-SAVING LECTURES. Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U LA N CE AND M IN E S R ESC U E M O VEM EN TS. A

N .U . 113.—E x clusive and be coming Bor net, extra wide shape. Good quality crepe de chine

1.— L IF E S A V IN G . Popular F ir s t Aid Lectu re.

16/9

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the O f f i c i a l F i r s t A id F ilm . The film is at present shown in licensed Halls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged.

N .U . 1 4 a .—Smartly Cut Dress in good quality washing Gingham. ^ Self colours. Mauve, pink, grey, blue and buff, also in a " l / I / 'I ' l variety of stripes .. !* § / I I

HARRODS LTD

»• . Similar to the above, but without the film.

III.— R E S C U E W O R K IN M INES. A peep into th e life of a Miner, Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue Work in Coal Mines.

LONDON SW1

Telegrams :

T elep h on e :

‘B a n g a g e s , B i r m i n g h a m .

(P .B .

ast

204.

E xch a n ge).

AM BULANCE

IV.— N A T U R E A S A F I R S T AIDER. N a t u re ’ s m eth od s and how to f u r t h e r them .

AND

“ FIR ST A ID ” A P P LIA N C E S.

V .-P R A C T IC A L F I R S T AID. W h y e v e r y o n e should have a k n o w le d g e of F irst Aid. A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth.

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(L im ite d ),

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For terms and dates available apply to

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 20 S. D o n c a s t e r R o a d , G o l d t h o r p e , Near

C h a r fo r d

M ills ,

B IR M IN G H A M .

R oth erh am .

Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.”

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O c t o b e r , 19 18.

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46 ,

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This little book is a reprint of articles in F irst A id , giving in a concise form the alterations in the Official Textbook of the S.J.A.A.

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NOTES

P ost fre e 7d.

FIRST

AID

SIMPLIFIED.

B y S i d n e y H. L a m b . for A Handbook in a tabulated ar d simplified form giving the main points in first aid, so arranged as to impress them on the memory of the student.

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., LONDON, E,C.4.

OR SALE, a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.—-Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

“ F IR S T Q U ER Y

OR SA L E.— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

and

A ID ”

R E P L IE S

CO U PO N .

To be cui out and enclosed w ith a ll Queries Oc to b e r,

1918.

F IR ST AID AND

THE ----

ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited by A R T H U R No. 293.— V o l . X X V .

N O T IC E

NOVEMBER,

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied {not necessarily *or Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, L t d .,

Telegraphic Address: “ Twenty-four, London." Telephone No. 547 7 Bank.

employees will eventually result.

these things will

Looking back, the record of the past four years has

Brigade, both serving with the colours and at home, which record one day we hope to publish.

Many of our old

comrades will never return, and we would suggest that individual Corps and

Divisions

should

hold

memorial

services for those of their members who have been called Such services would press home

the splendour and glory of self-sacrifice which, after all, is the keynote of our work.

The

O rder of th e

A pp o in t m e n t

P rio ry

an d

fo r

W a le s.

P rom oti ons .

transition has taken place in the war, and it is with joyful hearts that we look

T h e following appointments are confirmed.— Ambulance

forward to the conclusion of a fruitful

Officer— D. H. Phillips, 8,

It is too early yet to surmise what will be the future

but nevertheless in the meantime

must

Sergeant.— T. J. Davies, Corporals — E. 12.10.18.

transport duties and contemplate on the future of the

Pontlottyn, 12.10.18.

Association and the Brigade, to maintain and increase

accomplished has been the general recognition on the part

Pontlottyn,

Bethel House, Pontlottyn)

Pontlottyn, 12.10.18.

yet to be done by those who are engaged in hospital and

One far reaching effect that the war has

Waterloo-terrace,

12.10.18.

“ carry on,” for there will be an immense amount of work

their growth.

All

been one of self-sacrifice and duty for every member of the

prospects of the Ambulance Department of the Order of St. John,

Kk e k

trend to increase the importance of the work in which our

S ince our last issue appeared a great

peace.

P bk A n n u m , P o st

readers are engaged.

ED ITO R IAL.

Peace.

[ 3 /6

and that the training in first aid of a certain percentage of

to “ Higher Service.”

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E.C. 4.

From W a r t o

PRICE THREEPENCE

[Iinttred at Stationers' Hall.]

I918.

in due course that this will be extended to other trades

REYNOLDS & CO.,

DALE.

certain trades to provide first aid requisites, we anticipate

READERS.

PIR5 T AID is published on the 20th ot each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

DALE,

Lewis

Brown, 14, Garth-street,

Hoods,

Secretaries.— J. H. road, 8,

Chapel-street,

Rowlands,

Highfield,

Morriston, Morriston, 14.10.18.

Hamilton-street, Cardiff,

Pontlottyn, Pontlottyn,

Vicarage-

H. F. Andrews,

Cardiff Emergency, 9.10 18.

of the authorities and general public of the useful services that the Brigade has rendered to the community during the war; this should be a stepping stone to its future prosperity, and under careful guidance we survey the out look with every satisfaction. Another aspect as to the outlook is the recent legis lation which has been enforced, making it compulsory for

We regret to record the death of Sergt. J. P. Taylor. Robinson, who died from bronchial pneumonia on October 22nd at a British Red

Cross Hospital abroad.

Sergt.

Taylor-Robinson was for many years an ardent worker in the St. John Ambulance Brigade.

— FIRST

IThi G rin d ? rio rg of tht 6 rd tr of tht K ospital of S t. Jo h n 0i Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE

Jh e

S t.

Jo h n

Jlm bulanet

Srigade.

C ommissioner : W. H. W I N N Y , O.B.E. D E C E M B E R , 1918. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 1st.— No. 15Division, East Han. „ 8th.—^No. 16 „ L. B. & S. C. Ry. 15th.— No. 17 „ Wimbledon and Merton. ,, 22th.— No. 19 „ South Metropolitan Gas Co. „ 29th.— No. 20 „ Hampstead. From 2.30 p.m. to 4.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. LORD

M A Y O R ’S

DAY.

The following letter has been received from Sir William Nott Bower, Commissioner of the City Police :— 13th November, 1918. D ea r S i r , L ord M a y or ’s D a y . I beg to tender my sincere thanks for the very valu able assistance rendered to the City of London Police by members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade who were .on duty in the City on the 9th inst. The aid so kindly and well rendered was much appreciated.— Yours faithfully, J. W. N ott B ow er , Commissioner. W. H. Winny, Esq., O.B.E., Commissioner, St. John Ambulance Brigade, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.i. IN FLU E NZA

E P ID E M IC .

It is regretted that a considerable number of members of the No. 1 District, S.J.A.B., have succumbed to the influenza epidemic, amongst them being Dr. M. K. Hargreaves of the Wimbledon Divisions, who had been a member of the Brigade since 1895, and whose services were much appreciated. P U B L IC

LATE

COLONEL

B O W D LE R ,

C.B.

Members of the Prince of Wales’s Corps will learn with deep regret that Colonel Bowdler, C.B., a former Deputy-Com missioner and later Chief Commissioner, died recently. (Signed)

I M P O R T A N T N O TIC E. Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . W est L ondon (N o. 44) D ivision .— H aving, after two years, been successful in teaching and keeping together sufficient members to form a Nursing Division, Acting-Supt. E. G. Dalston states that this has now been duly formed and registered at St. John’s Gate, and is to be known as the 44th Acton Nursing Division.

No. 4 District. L iverpool — It is with deep regret that the Liverpool (North) Nursing Division, V.A.D. West Lancs. 80, records the death of Nursing Sister Miss Dorothy Mary Williamson, who was a member of the Division since its formation in October, 1915, and also of the ambulance class which was in existence for three years previously, and from which the Division sprang. Since February, 1916, Miss Williamson had spent a great part of her week-end leisure assisting in the wards of Walton Hospital, and feeling drawn to the work, she determined to enter for training. Accordingly, she relinquished a good post in town and joined the staff of the Institution as a probationer on October 1st, but after only four days on duty, she developed septic laryngitis. Tracheotomy was performed, but it was un availing, and Miss Williamson passed away in the early hours of October 9th. The funeral took place on Saturday, October 12th, at Kirkdale Cemetery, after an impressive service in the church of the Institution, many Sisters and Nurses of the Liverpool (North) Nursing Division walking behind the hearse from hospital to cemetery. The floral tributes were many and very beautiful. Though so short a time on the staff, Miss Williamson was well-known and respected by all at Walton, as she had lived in the grounds, her father being engineer to the Institution. She was 25 years of age, and an only daughter. Her sweet dis position and ready helpfulness made her loved by all who knew her. The chief mourners were her father and mother and her only brother, Lieut. Williamson, R.A.F. The Master of the Institution and the Chairman of the House Committee were both present.

DU T Y .

The Commissioner desires to express his appreciation of the loyal and efficient manner in which members of the Brigade have worked on occasions of recent public duty. On Lord Mayor’s Day the crowds were exceptionally large, and the cases were also exceptionally numerous, but a large’ staff of men and nurses on duty handled the cases promptly and effectively, remaining on duty to treat cases for some time after the procession had passed. It was necessary to remove a number of patients in Divisional ambulance cars. On the occasion of the visit of Their Majesties the King and Queen to St. Paul’s Cathedral on November 12th, and the Royal progresses through London on other days, much good work was done by the members of the Prince of Wales’s Corps, who attended at the stations allotted to them. Divisions are remined that the Parade State Forms, one for each station, should contain the names of all the units at that station. It should be signed by the senior member on duty, and forwarded immediately after the duty to the Commis sion,’ No. 1 District, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.i. THE

N o v e m b e r , 19 18.

DEPARTMENT.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

n o . 1 D is t r ic t .

AID. —

W. H. W I N N Y ,

Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.

No. 5 District. S h e f f i e l d C orps .— W ith deep regret we have to an nounce the death of Pte. B. Harvey, of “ C ” Division. He was attached to the ist-3rd W.R. Field Ambulance, and some months ago was awarded the Military Medal for rescuing wounded under fire during a gas attack on July 22nd, 1917. Sad to relate, he met his death as the result of being gassed on October 1st, 1918. The Ambulance and Nursing Divisions of the Sheffield Corps paraded at St. James’ Church on Sunday, October 20th, on the occasion of the visit of the Rev. H. F. C. Lewis, clerical representative of the National Institution of the Blind. In the course of a bright and helpful sermon, the Rev. gentleman (himself blind from birth) paid a high tribute to the excellent services rendered by the ambulance units and nurses of the Empire since September, 1914 ; he also gave some idea of the magnitude of the work carried out by the St. Dunstan’s Hostel. We hear with lively interest of the appointment of Dr. A. Lewis Husband, M.D., C.M.Edin., to the rank of corps surgeon. For many years it can be truly said Dr. Husband has held the premier position in Sheffield, as a lecturer and examiner in first aid. Soon after the outbreak of hostilities, he threw him self wholeheartedly into the work of training new members and brought the efficiency of the corps to a very high standard.

N o vem ber,

1918

— FIRST

Early in the year 1916, he found greater scope for exercising his knowledge and abilities for the national good and joined the R.A.M.C. (Ophthalmic branch), in which he holds the rank of captain. ' We have also to mention the general gratification occa sioned by the promotion of Ambulance Officer Alfred E. Taylor (“ B ” Division) to Divisional Superintendent (“ D ” Division), vice Supt. H. E. Baggs, resigned. Supt. Taylor is in all probabability the most popular ambulance officer in the Sheffield Corps ; a popularity gained entirely by his attractive methods of first aid instruction and ambulance practice. He is also Commandant of V.A.D. No. 47 W.R. Yorks, the personnel of which is composed of N.C.O.’s, and men drawn from the Sheffield Corps.

AID. —

Miss Anna Maud Grene Barry, Limerick 4, joined the Brigade in January, 1917, and was on her way to resume duty at Sutton Vervy Military College where she had been working since April, 1917. Miss Sophia Violet Barrett, Carrickmines Nursing Division, was returning to duty in France, where she had been working for the past two-and-a-half years. In February, 1915, she was appointed to Monkston (Co. Dublin) Auxiliary Hospital, and in April of the same year was sent to East Leeds Military Hospital. A year later she was posted to No. 6 General Hospital, France, and subsequently to No. 2 Stationary Hospital, France. Miss Barrett was mentioned in despatches last January. Her remains were laid to rest with military honours in Kiltiernan Churchyard, members of the Carrick-

No. 9 District. EXETER.— The Lady Divisional Supt. of the Nursing Division (Miss Uwins) has been successful in raising for “Our Day” in her District the sum of ,£225 us. 5d. out of a com plete total of ,£575 7s. 9d. for the City.

No. n

District.

N a n t y m o e l .— A first aid class (male) _was started last month under the St. John Ambulance Brigade, the lecturer is Dr. D. J. Thomas, the Medical Officer of the Division. The class is held on Sunday afternoons at the Workmen’s Hall, the class now numbers 40 strong and the attendance is well main tained. A home nursing class is also being held every Wednesday under the same lecturer. Ambulance Officer C. Hanmer paid |a 'visit to Nantymoel on Thursday, Nov. 7th, and gave two of his most popular and instructive lectures, which were well attended. The audience was delighted and showed its appreciation of the lectures by applauding at intervals. There were many striking new features in the lectures which were of great and valuable help to ambulance men, especially the hints “ What we ought to do and what we ought not to do.”

No. 12 (Irish) District. Long S e rv ic e M e da l .— A t the Pagent of Women’s Work held in Dublin an the 14th September, the Brigade was represented by members from the various Ambulance and Nursing Divisions under the direction of Dr. Ella Webb, M.B.E., Lady District Supt., and Ambulance Officer J. ! R. Grey. During the proceedings Commissioner Sir John Lums den, K.B.E., presented on behalf of the Grand Prior of the Order, the Duke of Connaught, a long service medal to Capt Taylor, who joined the Brigade in 1902 as a member of the Walthamstow Division, No. 1 District, and is now a R.A.M.C. officer station at the Curragh. T he “ L e i n s t e r ” O u tr a g e .— W e regret to say that the sinking of the R.M.S. “ Leinster” has taken toll of three of the V.A.D’s (nursings sisters) of the District. Two of them were on their way to work in hospitals in England while the third was returning to duty in France when the ill-fated steamer was torpedoed. Miss Sheelah Isobel Mary Randall Plunkett, daughter of Mrs. Randall Plunkett, 18, Landsdovvne-road, Dublin, was a prominent member of the Harcourt Nursing Division and one of the cup team which won the Joint V.A.D. Challenge Cup and the Irish Women’s Challenge Cup a few months ago. Miss Plunkett was on her way to take up duty in a London hospital. Previously she was an enthusiastic worker at the Irish War Hospital Depot, 40 and 64, Merrion-square, Dublin. Miss Aileen O’Kelly, Lady Supt. of the Harcourt Nursing Division, is promoting a memorial to her memory to take the form of a subscription to the “ Leinster” Fund and a Tablet in her church.

T he L ate M iss S ophia V iolet B a r r e t t , V.A.D. mines Men’s V.A.D., under Supt. C. St. George Orpen, acting as bearers, Miss Barrett, who was the younger daughter of the late Samuel Barrett, J.P., of Ballintava, Co. Galway, was held in very high esteem in the district and in the Brigade. Our sympathy goes out to the relatives of the three nursing sisters who have made the great sacrifice. In connection with the “ Leinster” outrage it is gratifying to note that the Brigade was well represented in the very trying work of receiving and removing injured, dying and dead as they arrived from the sea. This sad and painful duty, however, was undertaken by men and women alike, some of whom remaining at their posts for days and nights. We must draw a veil over the painful sights they were called upon to endure, but we must pay a tribute to their courage and devotion in very trying cir cumstances. The exigence of space prevents us from giving (as we should like to do) the names of all members who engaged in this admirable work. District, Corps and Divisional officers and members took an active part in this good work of mercy.

B rig ade H o nou rs .— W e are pleased to note that the Chapter General of the Order have admitted Miss Eileen F. Blandford, Lady District Officer, and Miss Charlotte Bird, Lady Divisional Superintendent, Dundrum, as Hon. Serving

— F I R S T

A I D. —

N o v e m b e r, 19 1 8

Sisters ; and Corps Superintendents James H. Webb, and Reginald H. Keatinge as Hon. Serving Brothers. We con gratulate the recipients on the high honour conferred upon them.

sions, making a total of 43,000 instances where the patient’s sufferings had been allieviated and further complications prevented since the formation of the Centre in 1905. With the advent of female labour on the railway, classes have been held for female members of the staff in “ O u r D a y ” P a g e a n t .— M e m b e r s o f t h e B r i g a d e a m b u various districts, and these have been well attended by l a n c e a n d n u r s i n g d i v i s i o n s c o n t r i b u t e d l a r g e l y to t h e s u c c e s s female clerks, ticket collectors, porters, carriage cleaners, o f t h e p a g e a n t b y t a k i n g p a r t in t h e v a r i o u s t a b l e a u x v i v a n t s and van women alike. a n d b y s t r e e t c o l l e c t i n g f r o m a n e a r l y h o u r in t h e d a y . Of the Company’s employees serving with the colours at the present time, no less than 230 are members of the H ospita l S h ip .— S ince the publication of our last notes Centre. the “ Braemar Castle” arrived in Dublin with nearly 500 In ten districts of the Centre the ambulance men have patients, most of them stretcher cases. The evacuation was formed themselves into corps, the members of which meet carried out without a hitch, and the commanding officer ex weekly all the year round for practice and drills. pressed his satisfaction with the expeditious and careful work These corps, each member of which is required to done by the members under the direction of Corps Supt. James H. Webb. buy his own uniform and pay a weekly subscription, have performed a very useful service in the localities in which I n f l u e n z a E p i d e m i c .— Members of the nursing divisions they are situated, and have received unqualified support have loyally responded to the appeal for help by the civil and from members of the public. military hospitals during the present serious epidemic. Their There is ample evidence— if any evidence is needed services have also been accepted by the Jubilee Nurses District — of the whole-hearted interest taken in the ambulance Nursing Association. movement on the S. E. & C. Ry. by members of the staff of all grades, by the fact that the stationmasters, inspectors, locomotive foremen and General Ambulance Fund Com mittee have this year succeeded in collecting no less a sum than ^ 1 3 0 for presenting prizes to ambulance men per forming meritorious acts ot first aid, and by other means encouraging the staff to take up the work. On no other railway is a fund of this kind in existence, S. E. & C. R y .— T he annual meeting of the Ambu and there is not the least doubt that the interest displayed lance Centre was held at the Cannon-street Hotel, London, by the stationmasters, inspectors, locomotive foremen and on 23rd October, over which Mr. H. Smithers, a director staff generally in connection with the fund, is an important factor in encouraging the staff to take up first aid work. of the Company, presided. A large gathering of the The Centre Committee appreciate, to the full, the officials and the staff was present. The chairman, before many difficulties in the way of members of the staff attend presenting the awards gained during the year, spoke of the ing classes at the present time, and are not unmindful of splendid services the ambulance men were rendering to the fact that it is not possible, under existing conditions, to their fellow employees, and that there was a human touch arrange anything in the way of ambulance competitions— about their work which the Board would endeavour to events which prove an undoubted stimulus to the work, cultivate. They are hopeful, however, that the time is not far distant Mr. E. A. Richards, the Centre Secretary, submitted when it will be possible to again adopt this means of the report of the Centre, and said that the South-Eastern arousing and retaining interest in the first aid movement, and Chatham Railway was constituted a Centre of the St. and in this connection have, during the war (apart from John Ambulance Association in 1905. the special awards granted by the stationmasters, inspectors, The railway is divided into nine districts, each with its and General Ambulance Fund), built up a fund which can own working committee and secretary. be used for the purchase of prizes when competitions are The secretaries of the respective districts form the renewed. This fund, at the present time, amounts to no Centre Committee, which meets periodically and is respon less than ^340sible for the efficient working of the Centre generally. In any case, the committee look forward with the The undermentioned figures represent the certificates, utmost confidence to the result of next season’s classes etc., issued to successful members of the Centre since the being even more satisfactory than in the past. formation of the Centre The list of awards gained by members of the Centre 2nd will appear in our next issue. 1s t 3rd 4th & Home exam . e x a m . s u d . ex. Nursing. Total Year exam . 408 66 1906 — 143 93 732 1907 295 267 179 — 134 875 D a n g er of U n ex pl o d e d S h e l l s .— R ecently Supt. 201 1908 — 274 257 3°2 i °34 217 360 1909 480 — 1242 Olley, of one of the Divisions in the East-end of London, i»S 240 218 1910 191 — 594 was called by the Police to attend a family injured by a 1243 316 206 1911 723 — 183 1428 shell brought home by the father, a member of the Army 232 199 142 1912 810 — 1383 Ordnance Corps, from France. The youngest child, aged 119 163 789 — 1234 154 1913 18 months, was killed outright, the mother was in a critical 148 86 1914 8.7 — 1164 113 condition and the father was severely injured. Prompt 222 780 1915 —. 83 74 1159 first aid was rendered by the members of the Brigade, and 231 81 1916 822 — 1189 55 289 128 92 1917 — the cases removed to hospital, 873 1373 212 101 1918 95 42 915 1365

Jtailwag ^Ambulance.

First aid has been rendered by members of the staff during the past twelve months on no less than 9,616 occa-

When corresponding with Advertisers please men tion “ First Aid.”

N ove m b e r, 19 1 8 ,

— F IR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

THE ST. JOHN AM BU LAN CE GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

c t o b e r

Vitler to be Corps Secretary, 5.10.18. vice Dr. Maguire, deceased, June, 1918. Littlehampton Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Quill resigned her appointment 10.10.18. Guildford Division.— Charles Edwin Chaplin to be Ambu lance Officer, 18.10.18.

N ew s.

1918.

T h e Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :—

No.

1 D is t r ic t .

Underground Railways Division (Prince of Wales Corps). —James Murchie Hodge to be Divisional Supt., 24.10 18. Fulham Nursing Division.— Frances Ruth Knight to be Nursing Officer, 30.10.18.

No.

2 D is t r ic t .

3 D is t r ic t .

Leicester Corps (Wigston Magna Railway Division).— Ernest Camden Pratt, M.D.L.M., L.S.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.918, vice Divisional Surgeon N. J. Kendal deceased 3.2.18. Birmingham Nursing Corps.— Lady Sarah Fanny Bowater, Lady of Grace of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in Eng land to be an honorary member of the Birmingham Nursing Corps, 5.10.18. North East Warwick Corps (White and Popes Nursing Division).— Mary Scott, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.10.18, vice Dr. Cripps.

No.

4 D is t r ic t .

Macclesfield Nursing Division.— Mrs. Fanny Sutcliffe to be Lady Divisional Supt., 2.10.18, vice Mrs. Gee resigned. Miss Dorothy Garner to be Nursing Officer, 2.10.18. Manchester Special Constables Corps (East Division).— John Harold Linton Foyster to be Ambulance Officer, 18.10.18. Herbert Hollinghurst to be Ambulance Officer, 19.10.18.

No.

5. D is t r ic t .

Nottingham Corps (Robin Hood Division).— Chris Tuckwood to be Ambulance Officer, 8.10.18. Hanley and District Corps (Kidsgrove Nursing Division). — Mrs. Elenor Price to be Nursing Officer, 7.10.18., vice Nursing Officer Miss Nixon resigned February, 1918. North Staffordshire Railway Corps (Stoke-on-Trent Divi sion).— Guy Reginald Hind, M.B., B.S., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 29.10.18. Eccleshill Nursing Division.— Mrs. Annie Leach to be Lady Divisional Supt., 24.10.18, vice Lady Divisional Supt Mrs. Buckley resigned.

No.

6 D is t r ic t .

Dunston-on-Tyne Nursing Division.— Miss Elizabeth Joyce Hunter to be Lady Divisional Supt., 16.10.18, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss J. Maugham resigned. Brancepeth Castle Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Crawley resigned her appointment 23.10.18. The Hon. Mrs. Olive Hamilton Russell to be Lady Divisional Supt. 28.10.18, vice Mrs. Crawley. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Crawley to be Nursing Officer, 28.10.18. South Shields Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Annie Binks resigned her appointment October, 1918.

No.

D is tr ic t .

Brighton and Hove Corps.— Ambulance

D e ath s . No. 6 D istr ict .

Henley-on-Thames Nursing Division.— Mrs. Rouquette appointed temporary Lady Divisional Supt. during the absence of Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Stisman for duration of the war.

No.

No. 9 D ist r ic t . Redruth Division.— Ambulance Officer Edward Ernest Hattam to be Divisional Supt. 7.10.18, vice Divisional Supt. Trounson, promoted to District Inspector of Stores. Simon Magor to be Ambulance Officer, 7.10.18.

Officer

Alfred

Hull Corps (De la Pole Division).— Capt. T. W. Southern, Divisional Supt., deceased, October, 1918. N ew D ivision . No. 3 D ist r ic t . Kings Norton Metal [Co. Nursing Division (Birmingham Nursing Corps), 2.11.18 M il it a r y D eco ra ti on s a n d A w ar ds . Braithwaite, Major J., Buxton, D.S.O. Harvey, Capt., Alverstoke, Military Cross. Willey, Pte. M., Springwell Colliery, Distinguished Service Medal. Bate, Pte. G. A., Pelton Colliery, Belgian Medaille Militaire. Beatty, Pte. J., Addison Colliery Division, Stella Coal Com pany Corps, Military Medal. Chapman, Pte. T. H., Ilkeston, Military Medal. Clarke, Pte. S. F.arby, Military Medal. Garrett, Sergt. J , Pease’s West and District, Militaiy Medal. Gordon, Sergt. W., Buxton, Military Medal. King, Pte. M., Stobswood and Widdrington. Military Medal. Moss, Pte. E. H., Limehouse, Military Medal. Pears, Pte. J., Pease’s West and District, Military Medal. Petre, Pte. W., Pelton Colliery, Military Medal. Pigg, Amb. Officer J. H., Pelton Colliery, Military Medal. Wdde, Pte. R. E. F., Mossley, Military Medal. R oll of H o n o u r . Anderton, Pte. R., Padiham, M.H.H.R. Atack, Pte. H., Leeds, M.H.H.R. Atkin, Pte. C. T., British Gas Light Co. Division, Hull Corps, R.N.D., Oak Battn. Baker, Pte. W., Leicester, M.H.H.R. Barker, Pte. J. W., Huddersfield, M.H.H.R. Bleazard, Pte. J., Clitheroe, M.H.H.R. Bortfield, Pte- G. H., Adlington, R.N.A.S.B.R. Brewis, Nursing Sister E., Hampstead, V.A.D. Corps, M.HH.R. Brighty, Pte. R. T., Barclay Perkins Division, Prince of Wales Corps, M.H.H.R. Castle, Pte. A., Banbury, M.H.H.R. Chambers, Pte. R. J. T., Territorial Branch, M.H.H.R. Clapham, Pte. P., Clitheroe, M.H.H.R. Clarke, Pte. H., M.H.H.R. Collingham, Pte. C. E., Carrington, 12-13 Northumberland Fusiliers. Cooper, Pte. J. E., Haslingden, M.H.H.R. Copeland, Pte. A. E., Dele Pole, Hull, M.H.H.R. Davies, Pte. David, Wolverhampton, M.H.H.R.

— FIR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOH N

Disbury, Pte. F. W., Winsor and Eton, M.H.H.R. Doughty, Pte. H. S., Hoyland, M.H.H.R. Elliott, Pte. W., M.H.H.R. Fenton, Pte. H., Blackburn, M.H.H.R. Furness, Pte. J. W-, Dukinfield, M.H.H.R. Garland, Pte. W.. Bridlington, M.H.H.R. Garlick, Pte. J., Pontefract, Royal Engineers. Garside, Corpl. J. H., Todmorden, M.H.H.R. George, Sergt. J. H., Bristol. M.HH.R. Gilchrist, Pte. F., Boston, M.H.H.R. Greenwood, Pte. J., Bacup, R.N.A.S.B.R. Grover, Pte. V. H., Brighton, M.H.H.R. Harrison, Pte. W. T., Territorial Branch, M.H.H.R. Heyes, Pte. J., Ashley Bridge, R.N.A.S.B.R. Holgate, Pte. A., Accrington, M.H.H.R. Horrocks, Pte. J., Bolton, M.H.H.R. Huntley, Pte. Wm., Wearmouth Colliery, R.A.M.C. Jacklin, Pte. H., Grimsby, M.H.H.R Jackson, Pte. A., Bradford Tramways, 12-13 Northumberland Fusiliers. Jones, Pte. E. A., Territorial Branch, M.H.H.R. Luke, Pte. A. E., Territorirl Branch, M.H.H.R. Lummas, Pte. F., Pease’s West and District, M.H.H.R. Morgan, Pte. C. B., M.H.H.R. Morgan, Pte. H. E., Leyton, M.H.H.R. Morley, Pte. A ’, Blackburn, M.H.H.R. Petley, Corpl. P. W. J., Ramsgate Town, R.N.A.S.B.R. Ramsbottom, Pte. G., Accrington, M.H.H.R. Roberts, Pte. J., Tynybedw, M.H.H.R, Rolason, Miss M., Edgbaston, V.A.D. Scott, Sergt. A., Wearmouth Colliery, Durham Garrison Artillery. Simpson, Pte. T., Bothal, R.N.D., F.A. Southern, Capt. T. W., De la Pole (Hull), 11 East Yorks. Standring, Acting-Corpl. T., Ashton-under-Lyne, M.H.H.R. Swann, Sergt. D., Wigan, R.N.A.S.B.R. Voysey, Pte. S. J., Clifton, R.N A S.B.R. Waite, Pte. S., Oldham, M.H.H.R. Warhurst, Pte. R., Mossley,.i2th Manchesters. Wilson, Pte. T. G., Pease’s West and District, M.H.H.R. Wood, Pte. P., Buxton and Fairfield, R.A.M.C.

S t . J ohn V o l u n t a r y A id D e t a c h m e n t s . The following Detachment has been registered :— West Riding, Yorks 186 (formed under the Territorial Branch of the St. John Ambulance Association). Commandant, Miss A. Goring, Crow Wood Hospital, Sowerby Bridge.

A ppo in tm en ts , P romotions

and

R esi gnations .

West Yorks.— Mrs. Annie Leach, 1, Airidale-square, Eccleshill, to be Commandant, vice Mrs. Buckley, resigned.

D eaths. The following deaths are reported with deep regret:— Anna Maud E. Barry, Limerick 4. Violet Barrett, Dublin 48. Bertha Bartlett, Newfoundland V.A.D. Yvonne R. A. H. D. Brent, London 232. A. M. Baron, East Lancs. 240. Dore Helen Caren, Leicester 28. Eleanor Dabner, Kent Reserve. V. M. Flint, London 120. Venice Clementina Henrietta Hackett, Tipperary 4. Florence Hogg, W.R. Yorks Reserve. Bertha Lamer, Birmingham Reserve. Minnie Miller, London 232. Sheila Isabel Mary Plunkett, Dublin 28 Edith Radford, Notts. 122 Mary Rolason, Worcs. 82. Gladys Runton, East Yorks. 16. Kathleen Tapsell, West Yorks. 84 Muriel E. F. Tichborne, Armagh Reserve.

AM BULANCE

The

G rand

H o sp ita l

GAZETTE. —

P rio ry of of

S t. in

A S ervice

th e

John

N o v e m b e r , 19 18.

O rder

th e

J e r u sa le m

E n g la n d . of

h a nks gi vi ng .

A Solemn Service of Thanksgiving for the Cessation of Hostilities in the Great War will be held at the Grand Priory Church of the Order, St. John’s-square, Clerkenwtll, on Tuesday, November 26th, 1918, at 12 o’clock noon. Owing to the limited accommodation in the church only members and honorary associates of the Older can be in vited to attend this Service. His Royal Highness the Duke of Connaught, Grand Prior, has signified his inten tion of being present, and a short address will be givtn by His Grace the Archbishop of York. The alms will be for the work of the Order in the Holy Land. Admission to the Service will be by ticket, application for which should be addressed to the Secretary of the Order, who will issue them in the order in which appli cations are received.

“ Our

D a y .”

T he appeal for “ Our D a y ” has been responded to with even greater generosity than last year. This is not because the end of the war being in sight, a term seems put to Red Cross needs, but because the public are confident that the Joint War Committee will carry out the work of mercy en trusted to it with the utmost zeal and efficiency. Many were the notable offerings, including the sum of _^io,ooo from the King, but among them the gift of ^500,000 from the American Red Cross to the Joint Com mittee has perhaps the greatest significance. On the occa sion of the presentation Lieut.-Col. William Endicott, the American Bed Cross Commissioner, gave a small dinner to the representatives of the Red Cross Organisation, includ ing among others the Duke of Connaught (Grand Prior of the Order of St. John), Lord Lansdowne (Chairman of the British Red Cross Society’s Council), Sir Arthur Stanley (Chairman of the Joint War Committee), the Rt. Hon. Evelyn Cecil (Secretary-General of the Order of St. John) Sir Robert Hudson (Chairman of the Joint Finance Com mittee), and also the Earl of Reading and Lord North cliffe. Colonel Endicott handed the sum over “ to be used in such ways as the expeiienced judgment of the Joint Societies might suggest,” and, conscious of the fact that in the hands of the British Red Cross Society and Order of St. John the money would be spent so as best to serve the identical aims of the two societies. A fitting honour has been awarded to Colonel Endi cott in that the King has been graciously pleased to sane tion his appointment as Honorary Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England.

M e d a l of t h e O rd er of t h e B ritish E m pir e — Nursing Sister Philbrick has just received the medal granted to her in connection with the Order of the British Empire, for conspicuous bravery shown during air raids. She went through the barrage on several occasions to take up her duty as Supervisor on the telephone exchange at an important Government factory.

Novem ber,

S ir

1918. — FIRST C o u r ta u ld

AID

THE

ST.

AM BULANCE

Thom pson.

To the well-deserved honours that Temporary Colonel Sir Courtauld Thompson, K.B.E., C .E , has already gained the Egyptian “ Order of the N i l e ” Class 2 and the Italian Order “ Croce al Merito ” recently conferred on him are fitting additions. They have been bestowed “ in recogni tion of services rendered under the auspices of the British Red Cross during the present war.” Sir Courtauld Thompson is Red Cross Commissioner for Italy, Malta, Egypt and the near East, and the very comprehensiveness of this designation shows the wide reaching and onerous duties attached to the post. The work he has done in visiting and reporting on Red Cross work, advising and assisting in bringing it up to date, and, especially in so far as our Order is concerned, in his comprehensive enquiry into the state of the Ophthalmic Hospital in Jerusalem, has been of enormous service, and much of the success of our work in the East is due to his able handling of various questions.

B rig a d e

JOH N

V . A . D ’s

GAZETTE. —

Su m m ary

W ork

fo r

O cto b er. u r i n g the month of October the Military and Naval Department at Devonshire House has been very busy, and has experienced great difficulties in fulfilling the large requisi tions received for nursing members— 795 in a l l ; 977 mem bers have been posted, among these being 100 members requisitioned for American hospitals. A number of 977, however, have been allocated on requisitions of previous months which would appear to make the shortage of mem bers not so great as is really the case. The demand for more nursing members is very urgent.

J oi nt C o m m i tt ee a n d M otor A m b u la n c e D epartments. The Joint Committee Department reports a decided increase against the figures given last month and includes the posting of members to France (59 members including 20 motor drivers), Salonika, Egypt, Holland and Italy. Ten motor drivers have also been posted through the General Service Motor Drivers Section in England to the American Hospital at Dartford.

H o sp ita l.

G e n e r a l S erv ice D e p a r t m e n t .

France .— We are still receiving requisitions steadily O nce again the banner of the Order floats over the neat rows of huts, marquees and covered ways that form a base hospital in France. The outrage on the Brigade Hospital at Etaples is known to all the world, and will for ever be one of the crimes that Germany will have to answer for at the bar of civilisation and humanity, before she can be ad mitted on terms of equality with nations whose hands, though war worn and weary, are clear from stains such as this. By permission of the authorities, and with military help, the remains of the hospital that could be transferred were removed and new buildings erected on the site allotted. This is an excellent situation, and although in all probability with the war the activities of the hospital are drawing to a close there is still much work to be done there, and this will be carried out with the same regard to perfect efficiency as heretofore. B r ig a d e H o s p it a l

t a f f

Miss Todd, matron ; Miss Chittock, assistant matron ; with six of the senior sisters, left England on October 17th to take up their work at the Brigade Hospital, being followed later by the rest of the nursing staff. As it is important to have a good reserve which can be called upon at short notice to undertake work of this kind and other household duties, the Lady Superintedent-inChief, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, will be glad to hear from the Commissioners of Districts of any members of nursing divisions who would like to go out for other than nursing duties. All the members of the Brigade Nursing Divisions at the Brigade Hospital are giving their service voluntarily, but a considerable amount of uniform is provided, and all expenses are paid.

Continuous First Aid and Home Nursing Classes are being organised by Miss E. Fraser Baddeley, 87, Cadogan Gardens, S.W. Continuous First Aid and Home Nursing Classes are also being organised at St. John’s Gate, and application should be made to the secretary, Mr. F. Pearce, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C- 1.

for military hospitals in France, chiefly for ward orderlies and assistant cooks. At the present time, however, some difficulty is being experienced in fulfilling all these requisi tions owing to influenza, which is very prevalent in the military hospitals at home; and, therefore, as more mem. bers are being required for these home hospitals we are unable to send out such large numbers to France as hitherto. We regret to say that a number of our General Service members in France are also suffering from influenza. Ita ly .— A party of General Service members have been sent to Italy this month consisting of one officer and 30 members. The Auxiliary Hospital Department is also sorely in need of members both for Nursing and General Service. During the month 132 requisitions for 167 members were received and these were referred in the usual way to the County Directors, and the 93 members whom they were unable to supply were posted from this office. In connection with the Welfare Department, a hospital was opened early in the month at 34, Nottingham-place. This hospital is for the benefit of all sick V. A D. members — either General Service or Joint Committee, both Red Cross and St. John— where they will receive treatment from eminent physicians and surgeons, and a fully trained resident staff assisted by Y .A .D . members. Up to the present time three patients have been received. The members will receive every care, and attention and we hope that the hospital will be of the greatest benefit to those who require such treatment as the result of their work under our Committee. Military Nursing Members have also received treat ment at Millbank Hospital (13), at the Q .A .I .M N.S. Hospital, Vincent-square (36), and at St. Thomas’ Hospital (1). These members have all been visited from the Welfare Department every week. A few figures from the Post Office, which though a small department is a steadily busy one, will, we feel sure be of interest. During October a larger total than usual has been reached:— Incoming letters, 17,8 81; outgoing letters, 14,026; incoming wires, r,of 3; outgoing wires,

544-

— FIR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

In conclusion, we should like to add a few lines with regard to the Canteen at Devonshire House. This has now been open for considerably over a year, and owing to its exceptional excellence is the very greatest boon, not only to the members of the staff at Devonshire House and 83, Pall Mall, but also to workers at the Wounded and Missing Department, Lansdowne House, and the Central Prisoners of War Committee, to whom passes have been issued. In addition, many V.A.D . members, either living in London or passing through, have been able to make use of the Canteen. Such members who use the V.A.D. Club at Devonshire House are there able to buy tickets and obtain entrance to the Canteen. The last week of this months shows a total of 1894 lunches served.

G eneral

L e tte r

C o m m itte e

th e

C o u n ty

J o in t

V .A .D .

D ire cto rs.

D ear S ir , I

send

you the following for your information:—

I am asked by the Secretary, St. John V .A D.’s, to point out that the bonnet and veil referred to in para. 10 of my last General Letter J V.A.D. 174, is only authorised for Officers of Detachments of the British Red Cross Society, not those of the Order of St. John. T he Ministry of Food has prescribed a special form of register for the use of Institutions under the Rationing Order of 1918, but has issued instructions for the exemption of “ V .A D. Hospitals and Auxiliary Hospital under the direction of the British Red Cross Society, provided that the Red Cross Form C.D. 24 is regularly kept and furnished to the Director of Food Economy in Auxiliary Hospitals through the County Director.” For the purpose of this regulation the words “ British Red Cross Socie ty” include all hospitals under the jurisdiction of the County Director. Please ask your Commandants to act on rule 2 on the back of J.V.A.D. 24, stop all V.A.D. members wearing irregular uniform, take their names and Detachment numbers and report them to their County Director. The Committee are aware that they are asking Commandants to undertake a difficult task and one requiring a good deal of tact and courage, but the irregular wearing of our V.A.D. uniform is now so common, the Com mittee feel bound to ask Commandants to assist them in this matter. Will County Directors please ask the officers in charge of the Military Hospitals to which they have posted General Service members whether they have any senior General Service members whom they cannot promote and whom they can recommend for service abroad in a higher grade of work. It is difficult to find sufficient General Service officers or members for the higher positions. The O/Cs helped us in this way once before, and we have reason to believe that some of them would be glad to recommend their senior members now for promotion. Would you very kindly endeavour to ascertain how many of your Nursing V . A D. members desire to take up nursing as a profession after the war in civil hospitals. Lady Ampthill is anxious to draw up some schemes whereby these members could be trained for this work when the war is over.

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

N o v e m b e r, 19 18.

I am asked by the Secretary of the Joint Finance Committee to send you the following :— “ My attention has been drawn to certain differences between the figures of the cost of maintaining patients in Auxiliary Hospitals quoted in the Annual Reports of some of the County Directors, and the figures given in the Annual Publication of the Accounts of Auxiliary Hospitals in England, Wales and Ireland. The differences are due to various causes, sometimes to errors of principle by the County Director’s staff in working out the statistics, and sometimes to the fact that the figures of Officers’ Hospitals are included with the mens’ hospitals. I think that you will agree that it is most desirable that the figures given in the County Directors’ Reports should agree with the pub lished statements, and with this object in view it is suggested that the accounts of the Mens’ and Officers’ Hospitals should be kept separate, and that the accounts and statistics should, as far as possible, be agreed with the figures given in the publication above referred to.” Mr. Mayhew would be pleased to give any information which may be necessary to enable this very desirable agreement of figures to De made. Yours faithfully, C h il t s o n , C h ie f County Director.

We are very glad to hear that the Earl of Plymouth (sub-Prior of the Order) is recovering from his serious illness.

With the approval of the King,

Lady Ampthill, chair

man of the Joint Women’s V.A.D. Committee, Devonshire House, W., has been nominated a member of the Queen Alexandra’s Army Nursing Board which, with Queen Alexandra as President, has been formed from the Nursing Board of Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Nursing Service and the Territorial Force Nursing Service Advisory Council.

At a luncheon party recently given by representative women to the Matrons-in-Chief of the Military Nursing Services,

Dame

Ethel

Becher,

who responded for the

Matrons-in-Chief, paid a most generous tribute to the work of the V . A . D ’s in military hospitals. She said perfectly plainly the work could not have been carried on without their help, and she could not express enough gratitude for all they had done.

D em o n s tr a to r ’s

C ertificate

E x a m in a t i o n .— A n

examination for the Demonstrator’s Certificate in First Aid and Home Nursing will be held during the first week in December at the undermentioned places provided suffi cient entries are received :— London, Newcastle, Bristol, Manchester, Southampton, Birmingham. Application for entry should be made to the Acting Chief Secretary, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C. 1, accompanied by a fee of 5s. for each subject, and the number of the Medallion and dates of two Labels.

N o vem ber,

— FIRST

19 18.

CONTENTS

THIS

AI D. —

everyone did not see eye to eye with him in his policy, but

NUMBER.

E ditorial — From War to Peace

as events have proved it was the right one. * * * “ O ur D ay ” observed throughout the British Empire

The Order of the Priory of Wales

...

D istrict R epor ts — No. 1 ; No. 4; No. 5

...

great and unqualified success.

No. 9 ; No. i i ; No. 12 ...

...

capacity of the universal provider for the sick and wounded,

...

Railway Ambulance

...

T he St . John ’s A mbu lance G a z e t t e — Official Brigade News ... ...

on October 24th for the benefit of the Red Cross was a T he

Red

Cross, in its

has been of inestimable value to this country, and its appeals have been responded to most generously by the British

...

public for the last four years.

...

war appeal that will be made, but the Red Cross has still

The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ...

Sir Courtauld Thompson

“ Our D a y ”

...

Brigade Hospital

...

an immense amount of work to do. * * * W e 'continue to receive letters of comment on the

...

recent alteration in the Brigade uniform ; some letters upon

...

V.A.D. Summary of Work for October

General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors ... ... ... Brevities

...

An Ambulance Train for the American Army ...

...

Watford Junction Station Ambulance Class

...

Practical P o i n ts — Resourceful First Aid

...

... ...

A Rare Emergency ... ... ... Queries a nd A nswers to C o r r e s p o n d e n t s — Severe Abrasions of Face ... ... Treatment of Fractured Femur'... Poisoning by Chloride of Zinc

...

Treatment of Crushed Fingers ...

...

Compound Complicated Fracture of Skull Fracture of Tibia

...

This is probably the last

the subject we publish in this issue.

One fact seems to be

overlooked by the majority of our correspondents, and that is that the

Brigade authorities are to a certain extent

governed by the War Office in the matter of uniform regu lations. A

correspondent,

* * * evidently

keen

sick

berth

...

going to happen to the Brigade Reserves now that the war

...

is over.

...

utterly impossible for us to answer such a question as this.

...

We would prefer to “ wait and see.” * * * T he steam launch “ His Majesty ” placed at the dis

...

Colonel Cyril William Bowdler, C.B. ...

...

reservist, who in the old days used to enjoy his seven days’ training in the sick bay of a battleship, asks us what is We must confess that in these early days it is

posal of the Red Cross Society by the Port of London Authority, made 78 runs on the Thames with wounded men

Letters to t h e E d i t o r — The Brigade Uniform ...

...

of His Majesty’s forces during the season from June to

Temporary Promotion of Officers

...

September, inclusive, and carried a total of 7,111, including

Publication of Emergency Cases

...

100 nurses.

Street Calls v. Telephone Exchange

...

“ Gaiety,” chartered by some members of the Authority,

...

During the same period, the steam launch

representing subscribers to a fund for supplementing the Port

B re v itie s.

Authority’s

nurses. We are pleased to see that a Factory First Aid Association

1 5,667,

has recently been

5° . 7°S-

formed,

having

for

its

object

the

and

for

The

standardisation of quality, packings and methods of steri

Erith,

lisation of dressings to meet the requirements of the various

were provided,

Home Office Orders

pictorial

making it compulsory for certain

trades to provide first aid requisites.

In the past there has

been a very wide difference in the goods supplied, and to

trips,

This makes

four

carried total

completed

trips were made

or London

8,536, for the

summer

either

to Teddington.

and each guestwas

including two

Tea

122

vessels of seasons

from London to and

cigarettes

presented with

map of the river as a souvenir. *** M essrs . C u x o n , G e r r a r d & Co., L t d ., of Oldbury,

set up standards and maintain qualities to be officially

the first aid specialists, have issued the fifth

recognised is to be the primary object of the Association.

“ First Aid Ready Reference for Factories and Ambulance

The founders of the Association hope that it will eventually

Stations.”

include all the leading firms manufacturing or handling

reading matter is good.

these goods.

All such firms interested should write to the

Hon. Sec., Fountain-lane, Oldbury, Birmingham. * * ■ *

This little book is well illustrated,

edition of and the

It is published at is. *** Red Cross and Order of St. John Act,

1913,

which leceived the Royal assent on June 27th, enables the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St. John to

Bv the death of Col. C. W. Bowdler, the St. John

apply to the public advantage such of the residue of their

Ambulance Brigade has lost one of its early members, who

property acquired for the purpose of the present war as

in the capacity of Chief Commissioner did

they may have to deal with after its original purpose has

work to establish it on a firm foundation.

much good At that time

been fulfilled.

— FIRST

A m b u la n c e

T ra in

fo r

th e

A m e ric a n

A rm y.

T hs medical officers associated with the United States Army were quick in appreciating the outstanding features in the design and equipment of the British-built ambulance trains now in use on the Continent, and already several similar trains have been supplied through the medium of the British Railway Executive Committee for the use of the American armies in France. One of the latest of these trains to be sent overseas is that recently built at the Dukinfield Works, Manchester, of the Great Central Rail way Company, and in it the latest requirements of the United States Army Medical Department have been em bodied. The train for the American Army may properly be termed a “ First Aid ” or “ Clearing ” train, rather than a strictly “ Hospital ” train, as its prime function will be the removal of the sick and wounded from the battle area, and its equipment is in striking contrast with even the best arrangements that were available overseas in the early stage of the war. T he train is vestibuled throughout, except the guards’ compartments. The bodies of the cars are uniformly 56 ft. long, and have a net width of 8 ft. 10b in. There are nine ward cars of exactly similar general design, which will each accommodate thirty-six recumbent cases, or sixty cases altogether. There are two kitchen cars in the train, and in each case this type of car is the third from one of the re spective outer ends of the train. The “ Pharmacy ” car, which has treatment and dispensary compartments, and a ward for serious cases, is about central in the length of the train, being actually the eighth vehicle from one end, so that it is conveniently situated to be of easy access from any of the four ward cars which run at one end of it, and the five ward cars which run at the other end of it. One of the kitchen cars serves the “ forward ” portion of the train which includes the doctor’s and nurses quarters, as well as the forward ward cars— while the other kitchen serves the ward cars in the rear of the “ Pharmacy ” car, as well as the “ Personnel’s ” quarters. The general food provision and meat stores cars forms the rear portion of the train. It should be stated that the working and living quarters, which latter include a bed seat, enclosed washdown w c , lavatory, folding table, cupboard, etc., for the guards or the train crew are at each extreme outer end of the train, out without vestibuled access thereto. T he whole plan of the train is upon the generally approved lines, such as has already been adopted by the authorities for the use of British troops operating upon’ the Continent, except that certain Unites States’ requirements have now been specially provided. T he type of vehicle which predominates is, as will have been gathered, the “ Ward ” car, each of which is replete, with all accessories, which include thirty-six cots placed in tiers of three. The cots are portable, and can be arranged so that those on the lowest, intermediate and upper levels may all be placed in the horizontal position for the receipt of “ recumbent ” cases. The intermediate can also be lowered so as to form “ seat backs ” for men to rest against whilst they are seated upon the lower cots. The cots can also be turned upwards against the sides of the car when the floors are to be cleaned, and it should be noted that the floors are rounded at their juncture with the sides and ends of the car to facilitate the last-mentioned operation. Each cot is furnished with a removable head

AID. —

N o v e m b e r, 19 18.

board, and has a tick mattress stuffed with wool fibre and secured by canvas straps, as well as two pillows, stuffed with wool flock. Special stools are provided to ease the handling of patients occupying the upper cots, and each tier of cots has two leather straps which extend from floor to ceiling for safeguarding patients in transit, There is a number plate to denote each cot, a bracket to receive an electrically oper ated portable fan, which latter may be set at any desired angle, and may be operated to give any patient ease who may have been “ gassed.” Other items include a cup or basin holder, with brackets, a folding paper or letter rack, and a combined ash tray and match striker to each cot. In each ward car there are overhead tanks to carry 150 gallons of water, each fitted with gauge glass, shut-off cock and connections, as well as a portable six-gallon water tank, the cover and tap of which are secured by means of padlocks. The doors for passing stretchers directly in or out at the sides are arranged about the centre of the length of the car, and are of the folding type, each one of a pair being arranged so that it can be hooked back against the side of the car when open. As the medical letter and number of the car are plainly painted upon the insides of the doors they can be easily and quickly discerned from a distance. Near the double doors a desk table is fitted inside the car and camp stools are provided, and near this point poitable electric lamps and fans, as well as the ordinary f re extincteurs and the six-gallon water tank, before referred to, are kept. The total length -of the train, including engine, is 948 ft, and, unloaded, the train weighs 442 tons. We are indebted to The Engineer for the foregoing particulars.

W a tfo rd

J u n c tio n

S ta tio n

A m b u la n c e

C la sse s. R ailway ambulance men assembled in large numbers at Watford Junction Station on Wednesday, October 2nd, 1918, to receive at the hands of Sir Robert Turnbull, a Director of the Company and formerly General Manager, the awards gained at the examinations held during the previous session. The Divisional Engineer (Mr W. H. Williams) pre sided and was supported by Mr. J. F. Bradford, Acting District Superintendent, Mr. E. W. Cross, Station Master, Mr. C. Kingston, Goods Agent, and Mr. J. Rowbottom, Locomotive Department. Before making the presentations, Sir Robert Turnbull, in the course of a very interesting speech, congratulated the members on the unique position the Centre held in the North Western Ambulance world, that of being the only Centre on the whole L. & N.W. system that has maintained its classes and examinations during the war period with the same regularity as in normal times. The successful members are employed in the various departments of the Company, and the awards were as follows: certificates 6, vouchers 6, medallions 4, labels 19, total 35. Following the distribution of awards, the chairman said the success of the centre was mainly due to the energies of its officers, viz., Mr. W. G. Judge, instructor, and Mr. A. J. Hopkins, secretary, but he regretted that the secretary would soon be leaving Watford. Mr. W. G. Judge then said the members felt they would like Mr. Hopkins to take with him some token of

— F I R S T

their appreciation and regard, and he had much pleasure in asking Sir Robert Turnbull to present Mr. Hopkins on their behalf with a wristlet watch, which he did in a felicitous speech, to which the Secretary suitably responded. A hearty vote of thanks to Sir Robert Turnbull for attending was carried on the motion of Mr. Bradford, who, in a very happy speech, said how highly esteemed was the name of “ Turnbull” throughout the system. He also added his congratulations on the good work accomplished by this Centre. Sir Robert Turnbull briefly responded, whereupon Mr. Cross proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. Williams for presiding and for the deep interest he took in the welfare of the Centre. Mr. Rowbottom seconded and Mr. Williams responding, saying how very glad he was to do what he could, brought a very pleasant gathering to a close.

Jractical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special rejeretice to gooa and bad boints in Treatment—for inclusion in this Column. R e sq u r c e fu l F irst A id . 1 was about to play a golf match with an old friend when he informed me that he could not play, fearing that he had an inquinal hernia, with a good deal of pain. I found that he was right. So I laid him down ; raised his thighs and shoulders ; reduced the rupture; put a padded golf ball over the seat of injury ; stitched several torn-up handkerchiefs ; and applied them as a spica bandage. My friend played the match without the slightest discomfort and beat me badly— a most unusual occurrence for him ! —M. M., Hampstead. A R a re E m er g en cy . My brother whilst in the trenches last year was hit in the thigh with shrapnel. As he lay on the ground the R.A.M.C. sergeant major came along, asked if he could move his toes, and, finding that he could do this, promptly told off his bearers to assist him to rise and walk back to the stretcher. My brother walked 80yards with this assistance, and on arrival at the first aid post w:as discovered to be suffering from a com pound fracture of the femur, which was immediately set up in a Thomas splint. He escaped with life and limb, which has now completely healed and is only one and a-half inches shorter than its fellow. N.B.— Movement of toes does not exclude presence of fractures of lower limb.— W. T., Gospel Oak. R es o u rc e fu l F irst A id . A man crawled under some goods wagons which were standing in a station yard when the loco driver, not knowing ffiat the man was there, started his engine, with the result that the man’s foot was almost completely severed. We had to get under the truck to treat the patient. By means of an iron nut wrapped in a bandage we improvised a tourniquet, which we applied to the femoral artery and tightened with a piece of iron, as the bleeding was severe and digital pressure failed. When the doctor and ambulance arrived, bleeding had practi cally ceased. However, the doctor took off our tourniquet and put on an elastic bandage, which promptly broke into two pieces. He then threw it away, with expressions more forcible than polite and replaced our tourniquet in position ! The patient made a good recovery and lived three years after his injury. N.B.— The indication for application of tourniquet to femoral, rather then to anterior and posterior tibial, arteries in this case is not clear. A tourniquet should be applied as low down the limb as is consistent with its efficiency and security.— H. W,, Kirkstall.

N o v e m b e r , 19 18.

AID. —

Queries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

Queries will be dealt with under the following rules :— /.— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E.C. i . — A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. — The Textbook, to which tejerence may be made in these columns, is the Revised (i g i f ) Edition of S.J.A.A. Manual of First-Aid. S e v e r e A brasions

F ace.

M. B. ^Stockport) asks whether in the case of severe abrasions following fall on face the dirt which cannot be washed away should be treated with Tincture of Iodine or by application of hot fomentations. There is lack of detail in this query, which gives no sug gestion of the scene of accident. If the accident happened away from the patient’s home, then spraying with Tincture of Iodine would be useful, but it is obviously not practicable to apply fomentations in the street. If, however, the patient had reached home, then the application of a boracic fomentation would be cleansing soothing and antiseptic.— N. C orbet Fletcher. T reatment

F ractured F emur.

H. W. (Kirkstall) asks if it is not better with a fractured femur to leave the extension of the limb to the doctor. Yes. I think your suggestion is the correct one, though the Textbook allows extension provided the fracture be simple. If, however, the fracture be compound, and especially if one or other fragment protrudes, then extension is absolutely forbidden to a First-Aider, who should first treat as wound by covering with antiseptic dressing after controlling any haemorr hage present, and then fixing the fracture as best he can in the position in which found. See Why and Wherefore in FirstA id (p. 13)— N. C. F. P oisoning

C h loride

Z in c .

R. M. (Altrincham) returns thanks for many benefits received from this column and, referring to the “ Practical Point ” published in September issue, asks if the combination of salt and sulphate of zinc would produce chlorate of zinc. He suggests that in his opinion, salt and sulphate would combine to form sodium sulphate and zinc chloride, the latter being the poisonous compound, and asks if he is correct. Your suggestion is correct. “ Chlorate of Zinc” was a printer’s error for “ chloride of zinc.”— N. C. F. T reatment

C rushed F inge rs .

M. B. (Stockport) asks whether three fractured fingers should be each treated separately or treated as for crushed hand. The correct course is to treat for crushed hand (Textbook 60). If M. B. will consider the alternative plan for a moment, she will realise how difficult it would be to apply narrow bandages and splints without risking movement and consequent further injury to the other fingers. Other advant ages of the former method aie less pain and discomfort to patient, increased speed in completing treatment, and more rapid removal of patient to doctor.— N. C. F. p.

C ompou nd C ompl icated F r a c t u r e

Skull.

H. W. (Kirkstall) asks for correct treatment of fractured skull, with brain protruding, in a patient found lying in street.

N o v e m b e r,

— FIRST

19 1 S .

With such an injury the patient might be already dead and so no First Aid Treatment would be necessary. If, how ever, there were signs of life present, then cover the protruding brain with dry antiseptic dressing to prevent ingress of dirt and germs, keep patient as quiet and motionless as possible until the doctor’s arrival, and cover up warmly to minimise shock.— N. C. F. F

racture

ib ia

I fail to see any advantage in applying splint to back of limb. In fact, such a position necessitates unnecessary move ments of the limb which would be avoided if the splint were placed, as the Textbook teaches, at the side of the limb, and which would increase considerably the danger of aggravation of injury.— N. C. F.

C y ril

W illia m

B o w d le r,

—

A S

K Y 0 U

H. W. (Kirkstall) asks if an improvised splint applied to the the back of the leg would be suitable in the case of a patient with fractured tib'a found lying in roadway, and in absence of other assistance, provided that limbs were tied together subsequently.

C o lo n e l

A ID

C H E

M I

S T F 0

SEPTIC WOUNDS Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid healing. For inflamed conditions I O D E X is ideal. Try it. All good chemists stock it.

C .B .

We much regret to announce the death of Colonel Bowdler, for many years Chief Commissioner of the St. John Ambu lance Brigade, who died at Camberley on 7th November. Colonel Bowdler, who was born on 28th September, 1839, joined the 8th Hussars in 1864, and on his retire ment from the Service in 1891, was employed for a few years in the Intelligence Department. He was admitted to the Order of St. John as Knight of Grace in 1891 and promoted to Knight of Justice in 1903 In November, 1895, he was appointed as the first Deputy Commissioner for the London District of the St. John Ambulance Bri gade, and three years later succeeded Colonel Thackeray as Chief Commissioner, an office which he held with the utmost distinction for five years, after which he continued his connection with the Brigade as Commissioner for special Services. In this capacity he was largely responsible for the work of the Brigade overseas. Also to his efforts is due the creation of the bearer companies of the Brigade, which, as a supplement to the Royal Army Medical Corps, became incorporated on the outbreak of war and of the Royal Naval Auxiliary Sick Berth Reserve as a supplement to the medical personnel of the Navy. The latter was so well organised that its mobilisation was completed 24 hours after the outbreak of hostilities. Colonel Bowdler was created a C.B., in 1902, largely in recognition of his work in connection with supplying orderlies in the Boer War. Not only was Colonel Bowdler a soldier, but he held a medical degree, was a bachelor of Music and a Doctor of Laws, while he wrote and spoke several languages pro ficiently. Amongst his musical compositions was an Anthem on the eight Beautitudes of which the eight points of the Order’s Cross are symbolic. Though somewhat reserved in manner and strict in discipline he was a true and charming friend to those who earned his confidence.

REGULARLY

USED

Royal N avy.

IODEX

Royal Army M edica C orps. B r i t i s h R ed C r o s s Society. C r o ix R o u g e F rancaise

BY:

B e l g i a n F i e ld H o sp ita ls, F r e n c h F i e ld H ospitals, N u m e r o u s M ilitary H ospitals, M e m b e r s of S t . John A m bu lan ce.

M E N L E Y & J A M E S , Ltd., 1/3

39, Farrlngdon Road, LONDON, E.C.1. Contractors to H.M. Government.

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t V ast modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A i d and all other Services with uniforms and e q u i p m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d materials, workmanship and finish — at prices that challenge comparb son with an y other clothing of equal quality. Prices and Samples on request.

A Christmas card with an illustration of General Allenby’s entry into Jerusalem, and ancient and modern designs relating to the Order of St. John, will shortly be issued, and can be obtained on application to the Director of Stores, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C. Price, with envelopes, 5s. per dozen, post free, remittance with order.

16,

NILE

C ITY

ROAD,

STREET, LONDON,

N . 1.,

— FIRST

£etters to the Sditor. IVc are in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— Editor, Etc. THE D

e a r

i r

BRIGADE

U N IF OR M .

,—

I have read with great interest the letters in the iast two issues of your valuable journal from officers of the Brigade commenting on the new Uniform Regulations. In my opinion these letters have voiced, on the whole, the feelings of the majority of the Brigade officers. It is a matter of wonder to me and toother officers with whom I have discussed the sub ject, that such a vast change should be made in the uniform of the ambulance officer. In some circumstances, such as may arise when working inside a hospital or dressing station, an ambulance officer may remove his cap. It will then be necessary for Brigade mem bers who are on duty and who may not know him personally, to look at his waistbelt or his trousers to see whether he is an ambulance officer or a private, which, in my mind, is a ludicrous position. The omission of the shoulder brace from the Sam Brown of officers below District Staff rank is also, in my opinion, quite as ridiculous. The General Regulations of the Brigade states that ambulance officers rank as warrant officers, and taking this into consideration, together with the fact that Service Dress has been adopted, why not carry out the thing properly and dress the officers and warrant officers accordingly? I would like to suggest the following additions, which, I think, would complete the uniform as far as Service Dress goes, and would meet the needs of the case : The Sam Browne belt to be worn by all officers and warrant officers ; warrant officers to wear a special badge, for instance, a St. John cross, such as is worn by V.A.D. officers, in a little larger size, above a pointed cuff, to be worn 'on both sleeves. The objection raised by “ Working Superintendent” to the wiithdrawal of the cross-belt and pouch can be easily remedied by the wearing of a small pouch on the right of the Sam Browne, and he would also find the expanding pockets of the Service Jacket exceedingly useful, as they will hold quite a lot without showing any signs of being bulky. There are a few other points which have apparently been overlooked in the new dress regulations. We are told that Fiist-class Sergeants are to wear the chevrons on both sleeves, but no mention is made with regard to the other ranks of N.C.O.’s. We are not told whether officers are to wear white or brown gloves ; nothing is said whether the new regulations also apply to cyclists. I hope that the Brigade authorities will take this matter up and rectify what is obviously a sore point.— Yours faithfully, A n ot h er S u p e r i n t e n d e n t . TEMPORARY e a r

i r

,—

PROMOTION

OF FIC E R S .

In June, 1915,, Brigade Order No. 288 was issued, which allowed the temporary promotion of officers and N.C.O.’s. This Order states that those so promoted who have passed the necessary examinations must have their names sub mitted to the Chief Commissioner for approval, and may be borne on the list of the Division as Supernumerary of the rank. This appears to infer that those who have been promoted under this Order and have not passed the examinations will have to revert to their original ranks. I do not consider that this is quite fair, as in many cases, through various reasons, there has been no opportunity for these temporary officers and N.C.O.’s to enter for the examinations. Many of these, if not all, will have carried out their duties with the utmost efficiency perhaps more efficiently and successfully than those whose places they are temporarily filling. It will be very hard on such men if they have to revert after carrying on under the most difficult circumstances the Brigade at home has had to deal with. I think that efficient service in the temporary rank for a D

A l t t -

N o v e m b e r , 19 18.

stipulated minimum period should be accepted as equivalent to passing the examinations. If not, we shall have cases of men who have been promoted under the second part of the Order on home service coming home and taking up ranks senior to those held by the men who have trained and have not been able to go away on service.— Yours faithfully, T emporary O ffi ce r . PUBLICATION

EMERGENCY

CASES.

D e a r S ir ,— In the September issue a good suggestion was given by “ A Regular Reader.” A series of emergency cases published would undoubtedly be of use to many who are situated as he is, and enable them to work out the solutions, which they could either send for publication (after being censored by our good friend Dr. Corbet Fletcher) or compare with a published worked-out solution. Several correct solutions could also be printed to show that at times somewhat different treatment would give similar final results. Personally, 1 have the honour of refreshing the minds of the men who have already passed a First Aid Examination. This I do by setting cases to be trealed and I act as judge to the best of my ability. We also discuss the cases, and settle a correct conclusion after the discussion. A number of correctly answered emergency cases would aid me greatly, and I feel sure there are others who would act as instructors between class session;, to whom such examples would be valuable. May I also register my thanks to Dr. Corbet Fletcher for his valuable replies to the queries which are published month by month.— Yours faithfully, “ A r em .” Altrincham, Cheshire. STREET

CA L L

POSTS A N D T E L E P H O N E EXCHANGE. D ear S ir ,— A s you stand on Hammersmith Bridge and look along the river eastward, and bear in mind the long wilderness of houses and the mighty congregation of human beings situated right and left of that river, extending to Highgate Hill on your left and Forest Hill on your right, to Blackwall Tunnell in front of you, and realise that only 6 ambulance stations, three with six motor ambulances on the right, and three with three motor ambulances on the left, is the entire provision made officially for the capital of the British Empire, where an average of three killed and 100 injured, varying in age from 5 years to 60, every week, is below, rather than above, the real condition of affairs throughout each 52 weeks. On the first page of “ F.A.” for May, 1896, we see that New York has 12 stations and 31 vehicles established in 1869, that the Police Commissioners have already (May, 1869) placed in some districts call boxes, “ a well nigh indispensable adjunct to a well-governed city,” and that in London to-day you find no such thing, bar the 52 call posts in the one square mile of the ancient City of London. With these thoughts in my mind I endeavoured to find out if everything that can possibly be done is being done in the matter of direct and immediate call for ambulance aid in this 30 cities grouped in one. I have been told, in practice, the use of the public tele phone system meets all requirements in every way. My own experience is that not one person in a thousand knows anything about it or how the ambulance service is called when they see it in the streets. The call post system I have been informed is not regarded favourably, because— first, and above all, it costs money to establish ; secondly, it requires continuous supervision ; thirdly, it can never be entirely relied upon in practice. But they keep 1,000 fire-call points and 60 stations to protect pro perty ; these other call posts are merely meant to save life and reduce human pain — therefore save expense. We can’t afford to spend money on such things. We have ambulance service forced on the authorities by public opinion ; they establish one and keep it on the cheap after twenty years’ agitation ; and there we stand, and doubtless are likely to stand.— Yours, &c., E r nes t James R ackw it z .

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ F irst Aid ”

— FIRST

N o ve m b e r, 19 18.

AID. —

r The St. John Ambulance Association.

t e

NURSES’ W EAR

LIFE-SAVING LECTURES.

U V E R Y article you buy from Harrods bears our wellknown guarantee. If that article fails in any way to please you, we will exchange it or refund your money. Here is an example of value from the Nurses’ Section, where Harrods show a large selection of every requisite for Nurses’ wear.

Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U LA N C E AND M IN E S R ESC U E M O VEM EN TS. A

W ATERPROOF U N IF O R M COAT. N.U. 160. — Well cut Uniform Coat in fine Black Rubbered Sheeting, fastening at neck with tab. Belt at back. Lengths 4 8 , 5 0 , 5 2 a n d 5 4 inches.

I.— L I F E S A V IN G . Popular F i r s t Aid Lecture.

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the

O fficia l F irs t A id F ilm .

32s.

The film is at present shown in licensed Halls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged.

Han'od. pay carriage on all drapery goods in the United Kingdom.

II.

HARRODS LTD

M a n a g in g D ir e c to r

LONDON SWI

Similar to the above, but without the film.

III.— R E S C U E W O R K IN M INES. A peep into th e life of a Miner, Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue Work in Coal Mines.

IV.— N A T U R E A S A F I R S T AID ER . N a tu re ’ s m eth o d s and h o w to f u r t h e r them . First Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. This lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiographs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject.

V .— P R A C T I C A L F I R S T AID. W h y e v e r y o n e should have a k n o w le d g e of F irst Aid.

lor I n f a n t s , I n v a l id s &theA g e d .

Cons ant prescription by leading- medical authorities in Enteric, and other fevers, has standardised B e n g e r s for all i loesses involving serious digestive disturbance. S o ld in tin s by C h em ists,etc . , tv e r y w h c n B E N G E R 'S

FOOD

L T D ..

—

O tte r W o rk s,

—

M A N CH ESTER ,

A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth.

The

S p e c i a l i n d u c e m e n t s a r e o ffe r e d to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

No entertainment tax is payable in respect of any of the above, provided that no music or other extraneous amusements are included in the proceedings.

Food

Beverage.

For terms and dates available apply to

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 205 . D o n c a s t e r R o a d , G o l d t h o r p e , N e a r R oth erh am . Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.”

V --------------------------------------------- J

E ng.

Branch Offices: NewYork & Sydnev. Dcpfltsthroughout Canada.

I t’s s o d i g e s t y — 1C O # ) /y C MADE \ IN ”

' *

DELE< D ELECTALAND.

— FIRST

A I D, —

N o v e m b e r , 19 18.

M ANUALS OF FIR ST -A ID , &e., By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C (Cantab), M.R.C.S A ID S T O F IR S T -A ID . Post free, 7<I,

Third Edition.

First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

“ C e l. S i r J a m e s C a n t lie con tribu tes an in tro d u ctio n a n d w e endorse h is goea opinion o f the b o o k "—L a n c e t .

A ID S

H O M E -N U R S IN Q .

Second Edition.

Price 7d., post free.

Home-Nursing Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

“ T h is book w o n d e rfu lly sim p lifie s a c o m p lex su b je ct a n d sh o u ld be r e a d by at. stu d e n ts ."— L. & N .W . Ry. G a z e t t e .

WHY

ALTERATIONS IN REVISED TEXTBOOK,

AND

W HEREFORE

Third Edition.

Dr.

CORBET

FLETCHER,

M.B.,

F IR S T -A ID .

11W e com m en d th is book to L e c tu r e r s a n d S tu d e n ts w ho w i l l f i n d it o f grea t service ."— F i r s t A i d .

E F F IC IE N C Y By

Price 7 d ., post free.

Difficulties In Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer.

etc.

F iR S T-A ID .

Post free, is. ad. Problems in Study, Treatment and Examination solved for Senior Students.

' ‘ W ith o u t doubt th e book w i l l be o f g r e a t service in th e tr a in in g o f those fo r

T h is li t t l e b o o k i s n o w e n t i r e l y o u t p r i n t , a n d n o f u r t h e r c o p ie s c a n b e s u p p lie d .

w h o m i t is d esig n ed ."— a r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

H IN TS

FOR

H O S P ITA L Post free, 7d.

O R D ER LIES .

Orderly Duties Simplified aud Tabulated, with Aids to Memory. A m ost com pa ct brochure w h ic h co n ta in s m u ch u s e fu l in fo r m a tio n ."— P r e s c r ib e r .

FACTO R Y

F IR S T

A ID -

A f u l l y d esc rip tive B o o k le t, profuse w i t h illu s tra tio n s. B y A. H. O E R R A R D , M.D. Published by

CUXSON, GERRARD

& Co., Ltd.,

Price 1/3 post free.

a u st s,

POSTAL IN STR UC TIO N in “ PRESCRIPTION R E A D IN G ” and “ ELEMENTARY DISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member 01 S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted tor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) S p e cia l te r m s n o w — half fees— to members of S.J.A.B., &c. Apply (stam p) to M r. J . E. W a l d b n , Sec., W estminster College (Lady Dispensers Section of the W estminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874), 11 2 , S t . G e o r g e ’s R o a d , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

F IR S T

OPPORTUNITIES

A R E O F F E R E D BY T H E

S A N IT A R Y

T R A IN IN G

C O LLE G E ,

3 3 5 , H i g h H o l b o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .1 ., T llO

T )

IN F E W W O R D S . B y t h e S a m e A u tn o r .

12 pp. Folder.

(40th thousand).

Paper, 2d.

Cloth,

4d.

(16th thousand).

Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2d. Cloth, 4d THE

COM PLETE

M A N IK IN .

Systems of Body accurately indexed. Invaluable to Students of Anatomy, Medicine, First-Aid and Allied Subjects. Price 2 s. net; postage, 2d. TH E

TR IA N G U LA R

BANDAGE:

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams. By

HOW ARD

PRESTON,

D e m o n stra to r

th e

P o ly tech n ic.

116 Illus. THE

Price, I S . net; postage 2d. R OLLER BANDAGE. B y t h e S a m e A u th o r

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 162 Diagrams. Price, IS . net; postage, 2d. F IR S T -A ID

A N A TO M IC A L

D IA G R A M S .

Post free, 3s. 6d. net. Each Diagram 5, 6 and 14 (coloured), 6d. each.

Thirteen on Roller. separately, 2d.

HUM AN B O D Y .— S H O W IN G P R E S S U R E P O IN TS .

Coloured.

A R TE R IE S

Price, 6d.

THE

W H O L E A R T O F B A N D A G IN G . By TH B K LA B O W SER , F .J .I. Introdmction bv J a m b s C a n t l i e , F.R.C.S. Illus. Post free, i s . 2d P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G O U T A M A K IN G UP H O S P ITA L G A R M E N TS FO R S IC K A W O U N D E D .

(Approved by the Red Cross Society).

Illustrated.

Post free, is. 2d.

A S H O R T C O U R S E O F P H Y S IC A L T R A IN IN G . B y A LLAN BROM AN. Price is . 8d . post free. JO H N B A L E , S O N S & D A N IE L S S O N , L td ..

83- 91, Great

Tltchfleld Street, London, W.

On First Aid, Medicine. Surgery, and all other Scien tific and L iterary Subjects. S e c o n d -H a n d at Half P ric e * , New Books at Discount Prices. Catalogueree. State wants. Books sent on approval. Books bought. W , & G . F O Y L E 12T and 123. Charing Cross Road, London, W.C. P r i c e 6d . n e t .

NOTES Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark .T T .J D # Grey beaver cloth, 54s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 45s. — Write patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

A ID

N U R S I N G IN F E W W O R D S . B y t h e S a m e A u th o r .

No. 1

EXCEPTIONAL

IN D E X O F F IR S T -A ID . C A R V E L L , M .R .C .S ., L .S .A .L o n d .

With Coloured Diagrams. HOME

OLDBURY.

AN M.

A vade-mecum forthe Ambulance Worker. F.cap.8vo. Post free, is.ad.

P ost fre e 7d.

FIRST

AID

SIMPLIFIED.

B y S i d n e y H. L a m b . A Handbook in a tabulated ar d simplified form giving the main points in for first aid, so arranged as to impress them on the memory of the student.

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., LONDON, E,C.4.

F F

OR SALE, a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse. OR SA L E.— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

“ F IR S T Q U ER Y

and

A ID ”

R E P L IE S

CO U PO N .

To be cut out and enclosed w ith a ll Queries N ovem ber,

1918.

F IR ST AID AND THE ----

ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited b y A R T H U R No. 294.— V o l. X X V .

N O T IC E

DALE.

D E C E M B E R , 1918.

maintained throughout the war with admirable results.

READERS.

Its aim and object being the advancement of Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, REYNOLDS & CO.,

discussing this problem now, we do not infer that the efforts of the Joint Committee must be considered at an end, for

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

DALE,

L td .,

although the war is over there are thousands of wounded in our hospitals at home and abroad who will require care and treatment for many a long day to come ; as these are gradually released the work of the Joint Committee will cease. Is then this splendid organisation to lapse out of existence?

We hope not; f^r surely it can be put to some

useful and necessary purpose, such as that which concerns the community, health and welfare and the after care of the wounded soldiers.

the same time,

organisation must exist for the purposes of war.

46, Cannon Street , L ondon, E.C. 4.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twenty-four, London." Telephone No. 54.77 Bank.

a skeleton We can see

a big scope for efforts in these directions, and no doubt they are exercising the minds of the member of the Joint Com mittee, who should not be handicapped by the lack of funds for these purposes, for by the recent Act of Parlia ment the surplus funds of

ED ITO RIAL.

the Joint Committee can be

utilised. Whether this work will be solely undertaken by the

“Jirst Jlid” extends to its readers and patrons a cordial greeting for Christmas and best wishes in the New Hear.

British Red Cross Society while the Order of St. John through its various departments pursues its ordinary peace time activities, we are not yet in a position to state, but Sir John Furley, recently writing in the 19 th Century , states “ I am am not prepared to acknowledge the propriety of amalga mating two Societies with such different objects into one .

should this be attempted, both Societies must

inevitably suffer.”

We, at the moment, are not concerned

with the merits or demerits of

amalgamating the two

Now that the war has come to an end,

Societies, for if each Society pursues its respective spheres,

Reconstruction, we are faced with the consideration as

there is still a big field for the activities of the Joint Com

what is to be the future of the huge organisation which has been built up, for the purposes of

mittee on the lines which we have indicated.

Such a

partial amalgamation, for it can be called so, would go a

the war, by the Joint War Committee of the Order of St.

long way to overcome the friction and overlapping which

John and the British Red

existed before the war.

Cross Society.

It must be

borne in mind that at the outbreak of war the two organi sations were each working independently, doing identical work for the sick and wounded.

T o avoid overlapping,

an event which was bound to occur under such circum stances, the Joint Committee was formed, composed of members of each Society, and this working union has been

Mr. W. Johnson, of the Cammell Laird Corps was recently the recipient of a presentation by the members of corps for his valuable services to the first aid cause. His wife also received a presentation for so ably assisting her husband.

— FIRST

{Jht Grand f r io r g of the 0 rd «r 0} the h ospita l of S t, Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE

Jh e

S t.

Jo h n

Am bulance

Srigade.

C o m m issio n er :

W. H. W I N N Y , O.B.E.

JANUARY,

PROM OTION S.

When Officers in Charge of Divisions nominate a member for promotion, they should ascertain whether the promotion will involve the nominee passing over the heads of senior men or women. If so, in making the nomination they should ex plain in writing to the Commissioner the reason for passing over these senior members. Care should be taken to safeguard the interests of senior men or women serving with the Forces by making nominations for acting appointments only where possible, if members who have been away from their Division serving their country, would be passed over by a nominee at home. Where an examination is involved, application should be made to the Commissioner for the special District Form for Examination of candidates, and when the result of the exami nation is known, application can then be made for Form B.F. 7 or 8 if necessary. A IR

R AID

SH E L T E R S .

The following letter has been received from the Com missioner of the City Police :—

Re A ir R aid Shelters. D e a r S i r ,— Referring to your letter of the 28th Feb

ruary last, the air raid precautions being now no longer required, I beg to tender you and your assistants my sincere thanks for the great and valuable assistance renderded to the City Police during the past time of stress.— Yours, very truly, (S ign ed)

J. W . N o t t B o w e r ,

Commissioner. W. H. Winny. Esq., O.B.E. TRAIN IN G

C O U R S E FOR S E R G E A N T S C ORPORALS.

AND

It is hoped to arrange a meeting early in January. All members eligible and desirous of attending the meetings, should forward their names to Headquarters at once, and state the most convenient night for them to attend. LECTURE

AND

D E M O N STR A TIO N HALL.

CA X T O N

A lecture and demonsration is being arranged to take place on January 28th and 29th next at Caxton Hall, by Ambu lance Officer Hanmer. Full particulars will be given later, but information can be obtained from the Secretary of the Order of St. John, W. R. Edwards, Esq., O.B.E., at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C. 1. (Signed)

R o y a l B o r o u g h o f K e n s i n g t o n (No. 70) D i v i s i o n . — Under the auspices of the St. Luke’s Branch, a successful concert was held at Queen’s Park Congretional Hall on November 19th. Sergt. G. Fairs was responsible for the organisation of the concert and an excellent programme was arranged. The proceeds of the entertainment are to be de voted to the equipment fund.

No. 4 District.

Sunday, 5th.— No. 22 Division, Hospital Saturday Fund. „ 12th.— No. 33 „ Norwood. „ 19th.— No. 28 „ Harrow. „ 26th.- No. 29 „ Walthamstow. From 2.30 p.m. to 4.30 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. FOR

I M P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

1919.

Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral.

N O M IN A TIO N S

D e c e m b e r , 19 18.

DEPARTMENT.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

No. 1 District.

AI D. —

W. H. W IN N Y ,

Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.

W e s t D e w s b u r y . — A church parade was held at the Parish Church on Nov. loth. The following Divisions were represented : Dewsbury, Ravensthorpe, Batley, Horbury, Gomersal, Morley, Ossett and Birstall. Lady Nursing Supt. Miss L. J. Gadie was in command of the Nursing Division, and Corps Officer W. Ledgard was in command of the Brigade. There were about 12 officers and 180 nursing sisters and men on parade. The preacher was the Vicar of Dewsbury, who preached an appropriate sermon on the text “ The power of the Lord was present to heal them.” The collection was devoted to the St. John’s Ambulance Brigade Hospital in France. B i r k e n h e a d . — An interesting ceremony took place on the 20th November in the Boiler shop of Messrs. Cammell Laird & Co., Ltd., in the form of a presentation to Mr. Joseph B. Edwards, Ambulance Officer of Cammell Laird Ambulance Corps. Sir George Carter, K.B.E., Managing Director of Cammell Laird & Co., Ltd., made the presentation, and was accompanyed by Mr. Nicholson, the General Manager, and Mr. Beck and M. Staveley of the Boiler Department. The Yard Ambulance Corps under the command of their Superintendent, M. G. M. Carter, was drawn up in front of the platform and looked extremely smart, each man conspicuously displaying his Yard ambulance badge. In making the presentation, Sir George said he was there on behalf of the firm to acknowledge and recognise a most noble act performed by a brave man, and hoped that this would not be the final recognition of such an act. Explaining the deed performed by Mr. Edwards, Sir George said, a riveter had entered a boiler which had recently been under test, and as he had not allowed time for the foul air and gases to escape, he was immediately overcome. Mr. Edwards was called to the case and notwithstanding the fact that he might himself be overcome, immediately went into the boiler to render what assistance he could. He managed to get the patient far enough through the manhole of the boiler to enable helpers outside to pull him out, and of course this excluded all fresh air from him self, and whilst trying to get out he collapsed with his head through the manhole, and was pulled out in a semi-conscious condition. The man he had rescued was in a serious condi tion, his pulse had stopped and artificial respiration had to be applied for half-an-hour. Both rescuer and rescued were then sent to the hospital. ' “ We all admire a brave man, but we admire still more a brave man who does not hesitate to act, for had Mr. Edwards waited one moment, without the shadow of a doubt, the man he had rescued would not have been here with us to-day, and I will ask Mr. Edwards to accept this token of our appre ciation.” Mr. Edwards then stepped from the ranks of the Corps and received a handsome silver half hunter watch inscribed as follows: “ Presented by the Chairman and Directors of Cam mell Laird and Co., Ltd. to Joseph Benn Edwards in recog nition of his gallant rescue of a fellow workman at the risk of his own life on November 4th, 1918.” Sir George then called for three cheers for Mr. Edwards, which were most heartily and lustily given. A hearty vote of thanks was then accorded to Sir George

D e c e m b e r , 19 18.

— FIRST

by all present for the splendid way in which he had recognised the special services of one of his workmen.

No. 5 District. L e ic es te r .— T he 12th annual meeting of the Park Vale Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade was held at Ashfordby-street Adult School on December 12th. Supt. H. Leeson presided, supported by A. W. Faire, Esq., County Director, Corps Supt. L. L. King, and officers of the Brigade. One interesting item of the evening’s proceedings was the presentation of a chased silver cigarette case made to Supt. Leeson by Sergt. Bailey on behalf of the old and new members of the Park Vale Division. In making the presentation, Sergt. Bailey referred to the self-sacrificing efforts and the splendid work achieved by Supt. Leeson in training men of the Park Vale. Division in ambulance work. Supt. Leeson, evidently greatly surprised and much moved at this token of loyalty of his pupils, expressed his heartfelt thanks for the handsome gift made to him. Mr. A. W. Faire, in presenting certificates to the new members, emphasised the value of ambulance work and strongly urged the men to keep up their practice and regularly attend the ambulance classes. Although it seemed strange to say at such a time as this that ambulance work was only in its infancy, yet this was no doubt the case as the Home Office were already issuing instructions that a qualified ambulance man or woman should be installed in every factory.

MANCHESTER.— To celebrate the winning of the Arthur Haworth Challenge Cup by a team of the Special Police Ambu lance Corps, N.E. (Bradford) Division, a social evening was held on Monday, Nov. 11th. The date, chosen months before, proved to be most auspicious, as it was Armistice Day. A capital musical programme was arranged and was thoroughly enjoyed by the audience. The chair was occupied by Police Supt. R. Thomas (E Division), who was ably supported by Police Supt. Tongue (D Division) and Councillor Pendlebury. Ambulance Supt. F. Ellison handed over the Arthur Haworth Challenge Cup to Supt. Thomas for safe custody, who in turn presented the members of the Division with the medallions, vouchers, and certificates which had been obtained as the result of a recent examination. During an interval refreshments were provided for the ladies and other guests, and a most pleasant evening was brought to a close by hearty votes of thanks to the ladies, artistes and chairman. STOKE.— The first combined parade since the outbreak of war of the North Staffordshire Corps and Divisions of the Brigade took place in Sutton-square, Stoke, on November 17th, when some 463 officers and men were inspected by LieutenantCommissioner S. W. Malkin. The Adjutant for the day was District Secretary J. R. 1fey, the detachments and officers on parade including the follow ing :— Hanley and District Corps : Corps Secretary G. T. Boul ton, Supts. J. W. Heap, D. J. Deanville, A. L. Lovatt, and E. Dudley ; Ambulance Officers S. Hancock, J. D. Weaver (Meir Division), J. H. Banks (Wolstanton Division); Nursing Officers Mrs. Jervis, Mrs. Hudson, Mrs. Till (Wolstanton Division), and Miss Moore (Longton Division); total on parade,. 143 ambulance officers and men and 79 nursing officers and sisters. North Staffordshire Railway Corps : Corps Supt. Bury, Supt. Longsdale ("Stoke Railway Division), Corps Officers Bagnall and Tassell jfctotal on parade, 139. Biddulph ana District Corps : Corps Supt. E. B. Wain, Divisional Supts. Buckley, Brindley, and Coates ; total on parade, 82. Adderlep Green Division : Divisional Supt. Heath and 22 men. At the conclusion of the inspection Commissioner Malkin said he knew full well the way in which the whole of the No. 5

A ID

—

District had been at high pressure during the past four years, and the attendances on parade represented 50 per cent, of the strength, a satisfactory attendance under the circumstances. He then dealt with the splendid services rendered by Members of the District during the war, particularly mentioning the convoy work and their interest in the Brigade Hospital at Etaples. He said it is up to us to maintain this high standard of efficiency in our District. Since taking the command of No. 5, it has been and it will be so long as 1 remain in office, my firm intention that No. 5 District shall be second to none of the 12 Districts in the Brigade in its work and in its effi ciency. No. 5 District heads the strength with 2,500 members. Now we must aim to maintain that high standard of efficiency so that we shall be second to none on that score. Luckily and happily, thanks be to God, we are at the be ginning of the end of the war. It has been a long, weary, anxious time. We shall look forward to the return of our members and to our resumption of our civil duties. We shall be stronger and we shall be all the better for the hard times through which we have passed. 1 am deeply grateful to you men and nursing sisters and to my officers for their attendance to-day. Go forward in the same line that you are now occupying and you will ever be the credit that I desire you to be to No. 5 District and to the St. John Ambulance Brigade.

No. 11 District. R h on dda F awr .— T he Llwynypia Ambulance Division of the Corps has been fortunate in procuring a cup for compe tition from Mr. G. Oliver, of Leicester. A committee has been formed and the competition will take place early in the new year.

[practical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and bad toints in Treatment—for inclusion in this Column. T he V agaries

E pi lepsy .

A working man, returning homeward, with a bag of tools on his shoulder, was leaving a railway terminus when he was seized with a typical, major epileptic fit, for which he was treated by two policemen. Five minutes later he had appar ently recovered, and was moving off when one of the policemen asked for the return of a handkerchief which he had generously used to wipe away saliva from the patient’s mouth and lips. The patient immediately assumed an insulting attitude, be laboured the policeman with offensive epithets and squared up as if about to fight. He continued this conduct for three or four minutes, when suddenly a great change took place ! The patient placed his hands on his head, asked where he was, said that he had a handkerchief which did not belong to him, and which he immediately returned without further question and with sincere thanks for the assistance rendered during his fit. N.B.— This is an interesting experience which emphasises the need for discrimination after an epileptic attack, because the patient may appear quite rational and yet be completely irresponsible (as in this instance) for his actions. The sudden return of the power of understanding is a common occurrence in such cases.— A. J. M., Kentish Town.

A course of Home Nursing lectures will be held at the Northampton Polytechnic, Clerkenwell, on Tuesday even ings, from 7 33 to 9 p.m., and will consist of eight lectures followed by the examination. The fee will be 3s. (for the course and examination. Should sufficient entries be received, this course will be followed by a course of lectures in Home Hygiene.

— FIR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

JOH N

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

D e cem b er , 19 18.

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE.

T he Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :—

Supt., I I . 1 1 . 1 8 . Mrs. Florence Marie Pearce to be Nursing Officer, 11.11.18. Littlehampton Nursing Division.— Miss E. Bryant to be Lady Divisional Supt., i i . i i . i 8, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Quill, resigned, 2 0.1 0 .1 8. Maidstone Nursing Division.— Miss Margaret Brown to be Nursing Officer, 2 5 . 1 1 . 1 8 . Mrs. Amelia Woolton to be Nurs ing Officer, 2 6 . 1 1 . 1 8 .

No.

O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

N ew s.

N ovem be r , 1918.

1 D is t r ic t .

Harrow Nursing Division (Prince of Wales’s Corps).— Annie C. Loudon to be Lady Divisional Supt., 15.11.18. Wembley Nursing Division (Prince of Wales Corps.— Miss Mary E. Latinoff to be Lady Divisional Supt., 13.11.18. Rugby Division.— William f. Verrier to be Divisional Supt., 9.11.18., vice Supt. Parsons, deceased. Birmingham Corps (Smethwick Division).— Joseph Henry Lamb to be Ambulance Officer, 9,11.18. Herbert Miller to be Ambulance Officer, 11.11.18. Southern Division (Birmingham Nursing Corps).— Mrs. Maude Giles to be Nursine Officer, 16.11.18. Miss Hetty Walsh to be Nursing Officer, 17.11.18. White & Popes Nursing Division (North East Warwick shire Corps).— Mary Scott, M.B., Ch.B., to be Lady Divisional Supt., 9.11.18. Edgbaston Nursing Division (Birmingham Nursing Corps).— Miss Elsie Maude Margaret Biggs to be Nursing Officer, 23.11.18. No. 4 D ist r ic t . Morecambe Nursing Division.— Miss Florence Shakelton to be Nursing Officer, 6.11.18. Fleetwood District Nursing Division (Fleetwood Corps.— Miss Ada Walker to be Nursing Officer, 20.1 r. 18. North Manchester Division (Manchester and Salford Corps).— Edward J. Dunn to be Ambulance Officer, 27-11.18. Albert G. Birkhead to be Ambulance Officer, 28.11.18. No. 5. D istr ic t . District Supt. William Henry Chambers to be Assistant Commissioner, 21.n . 18. Corps Band Division (Nottingham Corps).— F. A. Banner to be Ambulance Officer, 16.11.18, Alsager Division (North Staffordshire Railway Corps).— Matthew Hazlitt Sayers M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.11.18. Bolsover Colliery Nursing Division.— Miss Rosa Kirk to be Nursing Officer, 20.n . 18. . Newcastle Division (North Staffordshire Railway Corps). — Thomas Harold Morris, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.11.18.

12 D i s t r i c t .

District Officer William George Smith to be Acting Assistant Commissioner. Carrickmines Nursing Division (County of Dublin Corps). Mrs. Margery Cooke to be an Honorary Member. N ew D ivision . No. 3 D istrict . Birmingham Corps.— Oldbury Metro Division, 11.11.18. No. 5 D istrict . North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— Cauldon Lowe (sec tion) to be Cauldon Lowe Division, 9.11.18. North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— Longton Division re formed October 3rd, 1918. North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— Stoke Station No. 2 Division, November 22nd, 1918.

No.

D e aths . 1 D is t r ic t .

Prince of Wales Corps (Wimbledon and Merton Nursing Division).— Dr. Hargreaves, 26.10.18.

No.

2 D is t r ic t .

Bournemouth Division.— Ambulance Officer F. Clewett, 22.10.18. City of Bristol Corps (B. Division).— Divisional Secretary Sergt. V. A. Owens Britton, 31.10.18.

No.

3 D is t r ic t . Rugby Division.— Divisional Supt. Parsons, 27.10.18. S t . J ohn V o l u n t a r y A id D e t a c h m e n t s . N ew D e t a c h m e n t s .

Lincoln 74 formed from the Scunthorpe N.D. Commandant, Miss Ashdown, Goodwood House, Scunthorpe. Staffs. 116 formed from the Kidsgrove N.D. Commandant, Dr. J. Steele, Ravenswood, The Avenue, Kidsgrove. Londonderry 22 formed under the St. John Ambulance Asso ciation. Commandant, Mrs. Chicester, O.B.E., Moyolapark, Castledawson, Londonderry.

No. 6 D ist r ic t . Close Works (Gateshead-on-Tyne) Nursing Division).— Miss Margaret Hyde to be Lady Divisional Supt., 25.11.18. Whitby Nursing Division.— Mrs. M. S. K. Shepherd to be Nursing Officer, 25.11.18, vice Nursing Officer Miss Birch, resigned. South Shields Nursing Division.— Elizabeth E. Arrowsmith to be Lady Divisional Supt., 2.12.18, vice Lady Divi sional Supt. Miss Binke, resigned, 21.9.18. No. 8 D ist r ic t . Brighton and Hove Corps (Brighton Nursing Division).— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss A. Clark resigned her appointment 4 11 18 Miss Hilda Maud Theobald to be Lady Divisional

. . .

The following have been disbanded— Leicester 6. Disbanded owing to depletion of strength, and remaining members transferred to Leicester 2. M i l it a r y D eco rations

a nd

A w ar ds .

Pte. G. F. Robson, Percy Main Division, Military Medal. Pte. E. H. Moss, Limehouse Division, Military Medal. R oll

H o n ou r .

Barton, Pte. P., Beckton, R.N.S.B.R. Bennett, Corpl. B. J. E., Maidstone, 4th East Surrey.

December, 1918, — F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N CE G A Z ET T E . — Bentley, Pte. J., Tottenham, M .H .H .R . Carr, Pie. G‘, North Shields, R.N .A .S. B.R. Crook, Pte. A., Oldham, R .N .A .S.B .R . Dadds, Pte. L., Dover, Royal Garrison Artilery. Dodson, Pte. J., Burnley, M .H .H R. Edgar, Pte. R., Maryport, M .H .H .R . Farrimond, Sergt. J., Wigan, R.N .A .S.B .R . Ford, Sergt. F., Folkestone, M .H .H .R . Fort, Pte. J. J. G., Burnley, M .H .H .R . Gabbatt, Pte. I., Colne, R .N .A .S.B .R . A p p o in t m e n t s , P r o m o t io n s

a n d

R e s ig n a t io n s .

Miss V. G. Kinley to be Commandant of Tyrone 22 vice Miss M. Kinley, deceased. Miss Blair Boyd to be Commandant of Antrim 4 vice Mrs. Blair Boyd, deceased. Mrs. Tucker to be Commandant of Devon 96 vice Miss M. Moysey, resigned. Miss Clarke, Leicester 6, resigned. D ea th s.

Miss Bradshaw, West Lancs. 50. Miss Ellen Cockrell, London 138. Miss M. Erskine, Im perial South African Detachment. Miss Lily Hamilton, Belfast 4g Miss Em iiy Hartman, West Yorks. 66 Miss D. Jones, London 284. Miss M. Parish, Essex 116. Miss A. Sringer, Essex 116. Miss Ethel L. Taylor, London 138. Miss Forence Warren, Northants Reserve. Miss Hannah Wilson, West Lancs. 36. Miss Hannah Wilson, Cumberland 10. Gill, Pte. A. P., Barroldswick, M .H .H .R . Gledhill, Pte. A., Sowerby. M .H .H .R . Greaves, Sergt.-Major A. T., Brighouse North, R.A.M .C. Hague, Pte.F., Territorial Branch, M .H .H .R . Hartley, Pte. W., Dawdon, M .H .H .R . Harvey, Pte. B. (M .M .), Sheffield “ C ”, 1/3 West Riding. Hayes, Pte. G. C., Broadsworth Main, M .H .H .R . Haley, Pte. J. E., Cleckheaton, R.A.M .C. Helm, Actg. Corpl. J.R., I ’adiham, M .H .H .R . Hockley, Pte. C. E., Wembley and Harlesden, 12th Suffolk. Holland, Pte. J., Leicester, M .H .H .R . Hughesman, Pte. G. H., Cleckheaton, M .H .H .R . Hixted, Pte. W . G., Sittingbourne, M .H .H .R . Irvine, Pte. J. G., Percy Main, M .H .H .R . Jones, Pte. H. ]., E ryri, M .H .H .R . Joynson, Pte. D., Maidenhead, M .H .H .R . McNeil, L/Corpl. J., Tibshelf, West Yorks. Metcalf, Pte. H., Padiham, M .H .H .R . Pashler, Pte. F. J., Rushden, M .H .H .R . Pounder, Pte. R., Accrington, M .H .H .R . Raine, Pte. W., Barrowford, M .H .H .R . Runton, Miss G., Kingston Nursing Division, V.A.D . Seeley, Pte. A., North Seaton, M .H .H .R . Share, Pte. G. M., Bolsover, M .H .H .R . Stocks, Pte. J. W ., Barnsley, R.A.M .C. Summerville, 2/Lieut. J., Annfiele Plain, 8th Yorks. (M.C., M.M. and Bar), Todd, Pte. J. P., Clitheroe, R.N .A .S.B .R . Turner, Pte. W. B., Tunstall, Sherwood Forresters. Wayiing, Pte. H. V., Limehouse, 17th Batt. 6th Royal Fusiliers. Whaliey, Pte. A., Chorley, R.N .A .S.B .R . Wix, Pte. L., Birmingham, M .H .H .R .

W e un derstan d that the Uniform R e gu la tio n s o f the Brigade ha ve be en altered, m a kin g the A m b u l a n c e Office rs’ uniform the sam e pattern as for D ivisio nal Superintendents, but w ith out sho ulder brace.

When corresponding w ith A dvertisers please m en tion “ F irst A id.”

S e r v ic e

T h a n k s g iv in g

C e s s a t io n

fo r

th e

H o s t ilit ie s .

A d d re s s given b y the A R C H B I S H O P O F Y O R K (P re late o f the O rde r) at th e G r a n d P r io ry C h u r c h o f the O rd e r o f St. John, on T u e s d a y , N o v e m b e r 26th, 19 18. I t is fitting that, while the light o f victo ry is shining upon us and the thrill o f it is still m o v in g in our hearts, we o f this O r d e r should a ss e m b le in our c h u rch , laden with the associations o f our history, a n d m a k e this corporate act o f t h a n k sg ivin g to A l m i g h t y G o d . It is o n ly sober truth to say that we ha ve been passing throu gh the most m e m o ia b le da y s in all history. It is difficult to realise the m a gn itu d e of these t i m e s ; the m ind is dazed, the im a gin atio n baffled, .and our spirit— m ore perhaps than we k n o w — is so worn by the strain o f these m ore than four years o f struggle that it ca n n o t rise to the h eight o f these great days. D im l y a n d reveren tly we realise that our gen eratio n has seen the m ost s tup en do us vin dication o f the truth that in this universe, after all, right and ju s tice are en th ro n e d . W e see in the dissolving clo u d s o f war the van ish ing o f o n e age in the w orld’s history and the c o m in g o f another. “ O co m e , let us worship and fall d o w n a n d k n ee l before the L o r d our M a k e r .” It is very right that we here a sse m b led , b e lo n g in g to or w orking with the* O rd e r o f St. Joh n o f Jerusalem in E n g la n d , s h o uld give thanks to G o d for the place w hich has been giv en to us th rou gh o u t this great ordeal. Both by our own efforts a n d by those w hich we have m a d e in associatio n with the R e d C ro ss S o c ie ty we ha ve been a llo w ed to be o n e o f the main cha n ne ls by w hich the stream o f the n atio n ’s co m p as s io n and care for the men who ha ve fought and suffered in the cause o f freedom and justice has re a ch ed them to save and heal a n d cheer. W h o o f our founders, la b ou rin g but a short tim e ago amid so m a ny difficulties a n d m isun derstan dings for the re stora tion o f the Order, c o u ld have fore seen that in the tim e o f the w orld’s greatest struggle the O rd e r w ou ld stand in the very forefront o f the chivalry o f s e r v ice ? W e must needs pay this m orn in g a tribute o f gratitude to our confreres, both men a n d w om en, w ho ha ve given for more than four years unstin tedly their labour, tim e and thought, to the cause for w hich we stand. T h e y have m a d e the O rd e r o f St. J o h n a h o useho ld word in eve ry h o m e in this E m p i r e — nay, b e yo n d this E m p i r e — w herever there have been p eo p le with .hearts o f s y m p a th y and co m p assio n for the sick 'and w ou nded. W e must needs with all the p eo p le o f this coun try rejoice that, th rou gh o u t a tim e o f unp arallele d trial, our So vereign H e a d and Patron, the K in g , has set an e xa m p le o f unwearied hopefulness, co urag e and co n sta n c y o f service. W e are thankfu l a lso — let us say it in their p re se n ce — for the help that has been given to us by the G r a n d Prior and by the R o y a l ladies who ha ve been a ssociated with our work. W ith them we shall this day giv e thanks to those w ho h a v e g iven their willing and un tiring labou r in organis ing and distributing the great fund that has been p lace d at our disposal, to the doctors a n d nurses w ho ha ve been sent out b y our help and with our blessin g to s u cco u r the w ou nded, to the a m b u la n c e m en serving both a b ro a d and here at home, to that great b ro th e rh o od and sisterh ood o f service w hich this O rd e r has s u m m o n e d to the ca u se o f the country. W e may, I think, dare revere ntly to say that C h ris t our K in g , to W h o s e service this O rd e r is for ever devo ted, has been with our arm ies in the struggle, using their skill

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. — December, 1918.

a n d ten a city and bravery for the vin d ica tio n o f the eternal principles o f truth and justice and freedom, w hich are the signs o f H i s k in g d o m here. B u t esp ecially m ay we think that C h ris t our K i n g has b e en with those o f our num ber w h o h a v e been ca lled to the privilege o f giving the suprem e sacrifice o f their lives a n d w ho m this d a y w e p ro udly and th a n k fu lly co m m e m o ra te . I w o u ld dare reverently to t h in k that H e says this day to all o f our O rd e r w h o ha ve faithfully given service to their fellows at this great time : “ I was hu ng ry and y e g a ve M e m e a t ; I was thirsty and ye g a ve M e drink ; a stranger, and ye to o k M e i n ; n ak ed and y e clo t h e d M e ; sick and in prison and y e c a m e un to M e ; for in as m uch as y e did it unto o n e o f the least o f these, y e did it un to M e . ” F o r this high privilege we desire this d a y to offer the h o m a g e o f our thanks. It was a true a n d d e e p instinct w hich im p elle d not o n ly the H i g h C o u r t o f P a r lia m e n t but the w hole people, within a few hours o f the a n n o u n c e m e n t o f the ce ssation o f hostilities, to b e ta k e them selves to the H o u s e o f G o d and to fall on their kn ees in t h a n k s g i v i n g ; b e cau se we k n o w — th o u g h we a lm ost shrink from p uttin g our k n o w le d g e into w ords— we k n o w that w e h a v e seen on a vast scale a w o n derful revelatio n o f the s o vereign ty o f G o d . S o m e tim es y o u will see a p lay w here the issues seem to b e c o m e so c o n fu se d that it is im p o ssible to see the en d to w hich the m o v e m e n t is pro ceedin g, a n d then the dramatist seizes all th ese issues and m akes them m o v e to the a pp o inted end. S o we ha ve seen the G re a t Dram atist o f history take into H i s han ds all the tan gle d issues o f this war and m a ke them pass on to their ap p o in te d go a ls — swiftly and decisively. S in c e we were last here ,and g a ve thanks for that first augu ry o f our vic tory, the liberation o f the H o l y L a n d , ho w im pressive has been the rapid se q u e n c e o f events, c u lm in a tin g in the surre nder o f G erm an y . “ T r u l y with H i s own right ha n d and with H i s holy A r m hath H e go tten H im s e l f the vic to r y.” ‘ T h e L o r d hath laid bare H i s holy A rm in the sight o f all the n ations.” A n d lastly, we shall re m em ber, shall we not, a sse m b led in the p resen ce o f G o d , the great a n d u n s p e a k a b le s o le m nity o f the trust w hich in this victory is co m m itte d to the ch a rg e o f our ge neration. I f we dare to believe that victo ry has c o m e from G o d , the only honest tha n k sg ivin g is to vow that for G o d our victory shall be used. T h e m ore we claim that H e has been pleased to vin dicate our faith, the m ore must we be d e te rm in e d that that faith shall be the basis o f the new a ge w hich is at hand. I f we ha ve fought for freedom we must see that e ve ry w h ere — not least in our own la n d — men and w om en are free to live the life w hich G o d has destin ed for them. I f we have struggled for justice, we m ust see to it that no man, w om an or child is d e n ie d that w hich is their d u e and their heritage in the sight o f G o d . I f we ha ve learned the lesson that we find our lives just in p roportion as we lose them, our main care h encefo rw ard shall not be our own c o m fo rt or ease or pleasure or success, but service to the co m m o n life in which we h a v e our part. M a y this O rder, as in the war so in the n ew tim e w hich is com in g, ha ve a p lace in the forefront o f the chivalry of service. A l l our traditions, our very titles— K n ig h t s and L a d ie s o f Justice, K n ig h t s a n d L a d ie s o f G ra ce, Serving B roth e rs and Se rv in g Sis ters— call to us to take that place a nd to strive for the de fe n ce o f the Ch ristian faith and to live for the service o f the p o o r a n d suffering. I would venture to h o p e that a m o n g the citizens w h o rise from the e x p er ien ce o f this great tim e to be steadfast in the n atio n ’s service an h o n o u ra b le p lace will be tak en by the men and w o m e n who are enrolled in this Order. W e h a v e seen “ the L o r d sitting up o n a thron e high a n d lifted u p .” L e t us

also hear the V o i c e o f the L o r d saying to us, as we stand at the thresho ld o f a new age, “ W h o m shall I send and w ho will go for us ?” A n d let this O rd e r from the heart o f all its m e m bers m a k e reply, “ H e r e a m I ; sen d m e .”

T h e G r a n d P r io r y of th e O rd e r o f th e H o s p it a l of S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery o f the O rd er , S t. fo h n ’s G a te , Clerkenw ell\ L o n d o n , E . C . , N ovem ber 1st, i g i 8 .

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s C h a p la in :

The Rev. Arthur James Mason, D.D . A s K n ig h ts o f G ra ce:

Major-General Edward Sinclair May, C.B., C.M .G. Major Joseph Henry Stanley, C.B .E. Lieut.-Colonel Claude Glennon Bryan (from Honorary Asso ciate). Thomas H a ll W insley Chambers. Francis Priestroan, D .L., J.P. M ijor-General Francis George Bond, C.B., C.M .G. The R 'ght Hon. Almeric Hugh, the Lord Queenborough. Captain Sir Henry Dennis Readett-Bayley, K .B .E. A s H onora ry K n ig h ts o f G race :

General Maurice Marie Joseph Wissemans Lieut.-Colonel W illiam Endicott. A s L a d ies o f G race :

The Hon. Irene Constance Lawley. Charlotte Dorothea W illie, Mrs. E. S. May. Marie Heloise, Mrs. Henry W atkins. Ethel M ary Hutton, Miss Storey, M .B.E. A s H o n o rary L a d ” Oj G ra ce: M ary Jeanne Henriette, Madame Bohny (from Honorary Asso ciate). A s E squires :

James Page (from Honorary Serving Brother). Isaac Gibson Modlin, M .D. (from Honorary Associate). Colonel George Easton. John James Cockshott. A s H onorary S erv in g B ro th e rs:

James Henry Potter. John Dyson Busfield. Captain and Quartermaster Thomas Allen, R .A .M .C. George Busuttil, M .D. Robert James Hdliar, M .B.E. Captain James Beckett, M.D., R.A .M .C. 1st Class W arrant Officer Thomas Donnelly, R.A .M .C. Sergeant Peter Macgregor Ogle, R.A.M .C. Reginald Heber Keatinge. James Henry Webb. A s H onorary S e rv in g Sisters :

A lix Christine, Mrs. W . H . Grey. Gladys Mary, Miss Whitaker. Helen Catherine, Miss Stewart. Mabol Adeline, M iss Chittock. Charlotte, M iss Bird. Sister Kate H ’lda Austen. Eileen Florence, M iss Blandford. Sibyl Louisa, Mrs. Lane. M arjorie Ruth, M iss Scott. Ellen, Mrs. Allen. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A sso cia te s:

W illiam Reeves. Captain Donald Moore Barry, L.F.P.S., L.S.A., R.A .M .C. Robert Vyvian Acton Mosley, M .B., Ch.B.

December, r 9i8. — F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N C E G A ZETTE. —

lated on the authority of the Executive Committee of the Division, with the approval of the Officer in Charge of the Division. Service of members (number of hours and duty performed) is to be recorded and return made to Brigade headquarters in due course. The Emergency Voluntary Health A uxiliary is reresponsible to the Provincial Secretary, and Officers in Charge of Divisions are requested to render every assist ance possible to the Medical Health Officer and Board of Health in imparting emergency nursing instruction to those who may desire to volunteer for service under the Emergency Voluntary Health Auxiliary. Ladies qualify ing for service under the Provincial Secretary need not be members of the Brigade. The service will be rendered under the authority of the local Boards of Health and M edical Health Officer. Officer in Charge of Divisions will co-operate to the fullest extent with the local officers of the Canadian Red Cross Society in rendering every assistance possible during this present emergency. The St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas within the Dominion of Canada takes no responsibility for payment of remuneration or expenses in connection with this service.

Thomas Irvine Bonner, M.B., C.M. Lieut.-Colonel Frank Ashley. Lieut-Colonel Alexander Kenneth Gillespie. Captain Maurice Auguste Francois Aujay. Commandant Andre Gellie. Lieut.-Colonel Nathan Raw, C.M .G., M.D., R.A.M .C. Arthur Wellesley W inder, LL .D . W illiam Henry Macoun Mawdsley. N ovem ber 29 th, 1 9 1 8 . A s K n ig h ts o f G race :

Colonel W illiam Henry Parkes. Sir James Knott, Bt. Temporary Brigadier General Cyril Montagu Luck, D.S.O. Sir Francis Henry Dent. Major-General James Thomson, C.B., A.M .S. Lieut.-General Charles Henry Burtchaell. Major-General Foster Reuss Newland, C.B., C.M .G. A s L ad ies o f G race :

Pamela Frances Audrey, Countess of Lytton. The Lady Marjorie Louise Dalrymple. A s H onorary Serv in g B ro th e rs :

Frank Claridge. Richard W illiam Hendon. George Jackson. Frank Adnitt. Charles Hanmer. A s H onorary S erv in g S is te r s :

Margery Randal, Mrs. Cooke. Mary Margaret, Miss Shaw. Isobel, Mrs. Watson, Elizabeth Bell, Mrs. Potter. Mary, M iss Akenhead. Alice, M iss Akenhead. Alice, Mrs. McCarthy. Margaret R. M iss Simpson. Jessie, Mrs. Harding. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H onorary Associates :

Norris Briggs. Colonel Frank Sheffield, V.D . Margaret Ethel, Mrs. Maxtone-Graham. Major Edmund James Dease. Major W illiam Wood Dobbin. Herbert Joseph Moore. Haydon Parker. Lieut.-Colonel Arthur Chopping, C.M .G., R.A .M .C. A s D o n a t : (B ro n ze Badge).

Nathan Samuel Hamburger.

B r ig a d e T h e

S p a n is h

O v e rs e a s.

I n flu en za

C a n a d a .

T h e heads o f the B rig ad e O verseas in the D o m in io n of Can ada have, with their usual initiative, taken a step which might with adva n ta ge be follo w ed in other Districts, viz., the m em bers o f the N ursing D ivisio ns o f the B r ig a d e O v e r seas in the P r o v in c e o f O n ta rio have been p lace d at the disposal o f the “ O n ta rio E m e r g e n c y V o lu n te e r H e a lth Auxiliary ” to assist in m eeting the n e e d s created by the rapid spread o f the e p i d e m i c of influenza. “ Esp ecial Order N o. 2 N . D . o f 1 9 1 8 —-O ntario District ” was sent out in O c t o b e r last, o f w h ich the main gist was :—

Officers in charge of Nursing D ivisions in Ontario are requested to assist in every possible way the localBoards of Health in providing emergency assistance in meeting condition incident to the spread of “ Spanish influenza.” Members of Nursing Divisions volunteering for service will wear uniform when on duty, and any fees or monies received are to be funded in the Divisional Treasury. Should members feel the necessity of remuneration, such remuneration will be determined from the fund so accumu

T h e a b o v e O rd e r has been issued also to all N ursing D ivisio ns th rou gh o u t C a n a d a . A letter to G e n e r a l D a lto n , the C h i e f C o m m i s s i o n e r for the B r ig a d e O ve rsea s, c o ve rin g the S p ecia l O r d e r in question, e n d s — “ It is gratifying to k n o w from reports re ce ive d that the m e m b er s o f our N u r s in g D iv is io n s have been perform ing s p len did service t h r o u g h o u t the w hole of the D o m i n i o n o f C a n a d a .”

W o r k o f th e S t . J o h n A m b u la n c e B r i g a d e in th e L o n d o n C iv il H o s p it a ls . work at the C iv il H o s p ita ls during 1918 has increased co n siderably, partly o w in g to the shortage o f trained nurses a n d also to the in fluenza e pidem ic. A t the be gin n in g o f January, the m atron o f C h a r in g Cro ss H o s p ita l ask ed for extra help in th e m o rnings so as to e n a b le her o w n staff to attend sp ecia l lectures, a n d for three mornings a week, from Jan ua ry to J u n e o ver 80 m em bers o f the B rig ad e attended, and also from S e p t e m b e r to D e c e m b e r 30 more for the sam e reason. A u g u s t and S e p te m b e r were b usy m o n th s o w in g to the holidays, a n d since then the in fluenza e p id e m ic has m a d e great calls u p o n the members. A d d e d to this 3 military wards ha ve b e en o p e n e d at K e n s in g t o n Infirmary, the matron there a sk in g for extra help. O v e r 40 m em bers per w eek are h e lp in g with this work, besides the usual 24 w orkin g in the C iv il W ards. A few o f the m e m b ers for a m o n th at a tim e ha ve u n d e rt a k e n night duty at C h a r in g C r o s s H o s p ita l, a n d also at the C o n s u m p ti o n H o spital. S ix teen m em bers atte n d w e e k ly at the R e c e iv in g R o o m , L o n d o n H o s p ita l, w here th e y m eet w ith the most varie d e xp erien ce a n d see every sort o f ca sualty. F o u r m e m b ers also attend w e e k ly at the Surgica l O u t Patien ts D e p artm en t, L o n d o n H o sp ita l. A t the R o y a l F r e e H o s p i t a l 9 m e m b e r s atte n d e ve ry Sa tu rd a y a n d w ork in the w a r d s ; a n d at St. M a r y ’s H o s pital, P a d d in g t o n , o n e or two m e m b e r s w ork daily. L a s t year 9,7 90 a tt e n d a n c e s were m a d e at the C iv il H o s p ita ls , a n d n o d o u b t w h e n the reco rd s are m a d e up for 1 9 1 8 there will be a c o n s id e r a b le increase. T h e a b o v e bare statem en t o f facts ha rdly co n v e y s to t h e gen eral reader all that this w ork d o n e by m e m b e r s 0{ T h e

F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE - Decem ber, 1918.

the B r ig a d e means. First, there is the organisation w h ic h goes to the p lacin g o f the m em b ers where th e y are n ee d ed a n d w here their services ca n best be utilised, and ke ep in g in to u ch w ith them to k n o w w hen their work co m e s to an end, or w h en th e y can n o longer spare time for these duties a n d the re p lacin g o f those w ho ha vin g leasure wish to take up their posts again. S e c o n d ly , the work o f the m e m b er s them selves. U n l ik e the regular staffs o f these civil hospitals, few, if any, o f these B r ig a d e m e m bers “ live i n ,” but go to a n d fro som etim es great distances to their da ily duties, no matter w h at the season or weather. And th o u g h the war is now at an end, they will c o n tinue to giv e un h e sita tin g ly o f their powers w herever and w h en e v e r th e y m ay be needed.

B r ig a d e

H o s p it a l

L a d ie s C o m m it t e e o f the O rd e r ha ve sent as usual this year presents for all the patients and staff at our h o s pital, in clu d in g a large n u m b e r o f crackers, and also a c h e q u e so as to p ro vid e a X m a s dinner for the B r ig a d e O rderlies. It will be o f interest to our readers to k n o w how the different districts are represen ted by our m em bers o f N ursing D iv is io n s at the B r ig a d e H o s p i t a l :— T h e

No. 1. District.— M iss Collett*, M iss Owen*, M iss Bean, M iss H ill, M iss Carr. No. 2 District.— Miss' Arnell. No. 3 District.— M iss Martin. Miss Hugh-Smith. No. 4 D istrict.— Miss H. Trim ble, A .R .R .C ,, M iss Turnbell-Smith, M iss Cuff, M iss Mather. No. 5 District.— M iss Dickenson*, M iss Patchett. No. 6 D istrict.— M iss Batey, A .R .R .C ., M iss Tait, Miss Nisbet, M iss Fenwick. No. 7 District.— M iss White*. No. 8 District.— Miss Harding, M iss D. Hubbard, Miss Fraser, M iss Stacey. No. 12 D istrict.— Miss Murray*, M iss RennyTailyour, Miss Stewart, M iss Wilson. Overseas.— Miss M. Hay. * Have been at the Hospital since 1915.

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r N o vem b er. s u m m a ry o f w ork from the V . A . D . D e p artm en t, D e v o n s h ir e H o u s e for the m on th o f N o v e m b e r, alth ou gh a short one, contain s several points o f so m e interest. T h e outstan ding feature reported by the W e lfare D e p a r tm e n t is the su p p ly o f further details with regard to the H o s p ita l, un de r the J o in t W a r C o m m itte e , for G en er al S e r vice and Join t C o m m i t t e e m em bers at N o ttin gh am -pla ce. T o w a r d s the e nd o f O c t o b e r the real benefit o f this H o s pital be gan to be felt, a n d since the o p en ing early in O c t o ber 40 patients ha ve been re ceived. O f this n u m b e r 21 ha ve now been d isch a rg ed a n d 18 are in hospital. We regret very m u c h to say that the rem ainin g m e m b er died in the hospital o f p n e u m o n ia co n tracte d in F ran ce. For so m e days it was h o p e d that she m ight pull through, but w hen p n e u m o n ia spread to the seco n d lung she had not sufficient strength to fight against it. H e r parents, w ho were with her at the end, expressed their entire satisfaction at the ca re she had received. T h e hospital contains 24 beds, but should the n eed arise for more beds further a c c o m m o d a tio n has been p ro cured for the nursing staff in a ho use close by. T h e W e lfare D e p a r tm en t also reports the treatment d u rin g the m o n th o f 52 patients at V i n c e n t square a n d n at M illb an k. T h e

M il it a r y

a n d

N aval

D epa r tm en t.

T h e n u m b e r of nursing m em b ers ap p o in te d during N o v e m b e r throu gh this D e p a r tm e n t is 649. R e quisitio n s h a v e been re ce ive d for the ser vices o f 4 76 m e m bers for Military, N a v a l and A m e r ic a n H o s p ita ls — in cludin g 5 for W . R . N . S . S ic k Bays. A l th o u g h the shortage o f N u rs in g m em bers has slightly decreased, there is still an urgent need, w hich is like ly to co n tin u e for a no the r year. T h e Joint C o m m i t t e e D e p a r tm en t reports the posting o f 70 m em bers ; alm ost all these members, in cludin g 19 mo to r drivers, re ceivin g app o intm ents in F rance. A u x il ia r y

H o s p it a l s .

1 1 7 requisitions were re ce ive d asking for 166 m e m bers, a n d were as usual referred to the C o u n t y Directors. 74 m em b ers were posted from this office on the re quis i tions returned from the C o u n t y Directors. C o n tra cts were ren ew ed by 72 members, the total n u m b e r of m em b ers now at work a n d p o sted throu gh this office is

573G en er al

S e r v ic e .

T h e month o f N o v e m b e r has been o n e o f great activity in this departm ent, a large requisition having been received from Sa lo n ica for clerks, laboratory assistants and store keepers, a n d a re quisition from Ita ly for co o k s a n d house members. A t the last m om ent, how ever, the armistice ca u sed the c a n ce llin g o f the requisition both for Ita ly and Salonica, and D e v o n s h ire H o u s e was c a lled upon to cop e with a b o u t 30 m em bers on the point o f departure. For tun ately as many co ntracts in F ra n c e are now expiring, re quisitions from there were able to be fulfilled with some o f these members, w hile most o f the rem ainder were only too gladly a c c e p t e d for H o m e S e rv ice a n d were p o sted to hospitals w ith out delay. T h e few rem aining m em bers for w hom there were no posts available received their discharge a n d one m o n th ’s pay. T h e departm ent was still faced w ith so m e unfulfilled requisitions for orderlies o f all sorts for F ran ce. The A u th o rities at W o o l w i c h A rs en a l having seen the appeal for V . A . D . members in the newspapers rang up to suggest that as m a ny o f the girls there were b ein g d isch a rg ed we sh o u ld utilise their services. T h e result was that large num b ers o f these m un ition girls vo lu n tee re d for V . A . D . duties, and 270 have b e en e nrolled and are already at work in E n g l a n d and F rance.

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m it t e e to C o u n t y D ir e c to r s. D ear

S ir ,

I sen d

y o u the followin g for yo ur in fo r m a t io n :—

I s h o uld b e g la d i f you will forward n ot later than the first T u e s d a y in e ach m o n th the nam es o f successful ca n did ates in the B lu e Stripe exam ination, in order that I m ay lay them before the meetings o f the C e n tr al Joint V . A . D . Co m m ittee . Please n ote that G e n e r a l Service m em b ers leaving Military H o s p ita ls on a cco u n t o f ill-health should be m e d i cally bo ard e d by a proper M ilitary M e d i c a l Bo ard, as they are entitled to co m p en s atio n and pensions if their illness is attributable to military service, and we o u g h t to claim such co m p en s a tio n a n d p en sion s from the War Office under A . C . I . 10 25, para. 4. P le a s e ask your C o m m a n d a n t s to n ote that the m o n th ’s p robation has been ca n c e lle d in the case o f G en er al S ervice members.

December, 1918. — F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NC E G A ZETTE. — W e have been a sk ed w hether V . A . D . m em b ers would be willing to train in the m a kin g o f plaster and wax castes of a m pu ta ted stumps in order to assist in the m a kin g o f provisional limbs for discharged men. T h e Joint War Co m m ittee is anxious to establish depots and bran ches of this work in all parts o f the co u n try ; the proce ss is simple and requires little practice. P le a s e apply for a ny further particulars to the Secretary, Pro visio nal L im b s D e p artm en t, R o o m 82, 83, P a ll Mall. W e sh o u ld be grateful if C o u n t y D irecto rs a n d C o m mandants would fill up the date to w hich the W a r Service Bar is gran ted w hen sen din g in J . V . A . D . 80.

I e nclo se a c o p y o f a letter w hich the C h a ir m a n has received from the M inistry o f Pen sion s. H e has replied that the M in istry s h o uld decide, in co n ju n ctio n with the C o un ty Dir ector, w hat hospitals may be retained for dis abled men and length o f tim e they m ay be required, and that the C o u n t y D ir e c to r will then ascertain w heth e r the building will be ava ilab le a n d w hether the staff are pre pared to run it, a n d on w hat conditions. W h e n these points ha ve been ascertained please co m m unicate with us a n d we will d o all in our power to assist. A list o f C o u n t y D irecto rs has been sent to Sir F ra n k Gates with a request that he will instruct his various in spectors in the counties to c o m m u n ic a t e with you before going rou nd the hospitals. I am afraid you will find these inspectors are, in som e cases, already at work. P le a s e give any assistance you can. It must, o f course, be th o ro u gh ly u n de rstoo d that no hospitals can un dertake work for disabled men until the War Office no longer requires its services.

• M inistry of Pensions, Secretary’s Office, Westminster House, Millbank, London, S .W .i. November 16th, 1918. S i r , — W ith reference to the interview between you and Sir Frank Gates I am directed by the Minister of Pen sions to set out the terms on which it is understood that the British Red Cross Society or the Order of St. John of Jerusalem would be willing to manage hospitals for dis charged disabled sailors and soldiers, and to request that you will be so good as to accept or amend the statement. The Ministry is to select such hospitals as it thinks (a) likely to be wanted by the M inistry ; (b) likely to be relinquished by the W ar Office or Admiralty at a convenient time, and is to state for what time and for what purpose the hospital is likely to be needed. The names of the hospitals so selected are to be com municated to you for transmission to County Directors, with an intimation by the M inistry whether the premises are wanted for general medical and surgical treatment or for special cases, such as paraplegics or for a mixture of both, and what the probable period of need will be. County Directors will intimate whether the hospital selected is available for use by the M inistry, and if so, for what minimum and maximum periods (a minimum of one year and a maximum of five years will probably be the outside limits). I f a hospital will be available the County Director will state whether it will be managed by the British Red Cross Society or the Order of St. John of Jerusalem on behalf of the Ministry. If it can be so managed, the County Director will propose (a) A capitation rate per unoccupied bed. (b) A capitation rate per occupied bed for medical attendance.

(c) A capitation rate per occupied bed for all other expenses. The rate mentioned under (b) next above will include all medical attendance except (i) Special operations, and (ii) the salary of a resident medical officer where the hospital is large enough to need one. In the latter case the medical officer would be approved and paid by the Ministry. I f the managing body is desirous of including special operations also, it can propose to do so. The County Director will state whether out-patient as well as in-patient treatment can be given ; if it can, he will propose a capitation rate ; the arrangements as to admis sion and furnishing reports will be the same as in volun tary general hospitals. It seems likely that in many in stances C ivil Hospitals who have given generous help during the war conditions may find k necessary to use all their accommodation for their own cases. It is important that out-patient facilities should be provided. W here out patient treatment has not been given in the past, it is de sired that information be furnished as to the possibility of making the necessary arrangements in connection with a proposed hospital. Alternatively, in respect of small hospitals in large towns suitable for paraplegic and other incurable cases, the M inistry may propose to take over a building and either manage the hospital itself or hand it over to a special com mittee or voluntary hospital to manage. In such a case the County Director will say whether he can assist the M inistry in negotiations with the owner of the building and in obtaining nursing and domestic staff or whether the building is not likely to be available. In every case, the County Director will state the arrangements proposed for securing medical and surgical attendance.— I am, Sir, your obedient servant, (S ig n e d ) F. E. G a t e s (for Director of Medical Service). T h e follow ing is a copy of the letter which I have received from the W ar Office in reply to my enquiry regarding the position as to dem obilisation. I have shown your letter 10/14263 to the Director General. I think the position should be summarised as follows :— (a) W e cannot reduce beds for the next few weeks until we know the returning British Prisoners of W ar problem. At present we do not know how many will require admission to hospitals. It is quite possible that a large number would require auxiliary hospital accommodation, if not convoy accommodation. (b) When we know the number of Prisoners of W ar that we shall have to deal with, then we can estimate the amount of accommodation required to take cases from all Overseas forces, and I suggest then to ask you to find out through your County Directors the numbers of hospitals which would like to close at once ; for instance, those who have turned out of their homes to allow the building to be used for a hospital or other domestic and personal reasons. (c) Those who would be w illing to remain open for 3, 4, 5 and 6 months, or longer if necessary. I think such a list might soon be contemplated. W ill you please com m unicate at once with your hos pitals and ascertain the following inform ation :— 1. T h e num ber of hospitals w hich for personal reasons desire to close at once. 2. T h e num ber w hich can only rem ain open for a definitely stated period, i.e., 3, 4, 5 or 6 months. 3. T h e num ber which are prepared to remain open as long as they may be required. I should be glad to hear the result of your enquiry as soon as possible. Y o urs faithfully, C h ilsto n , Chief County Director

— FIRST

9° CONTENTS

THIS

has be en a llo w ed in view o f the special circum stan ces in

NUMBER.

furniture a n d ca b in e t m a kin g trade where large n u m b e rs of workers are som etim es e m p lo y e d on w ork s uch as u p h o l

E d it o r ia l —

Reconstruction D is t r ic t

...

... ...

...

No. 1 ; No. 4 ... No. 5 ; No. 11 ...

■

... ...

T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e

...

t o

t h e

A n sw ers

t o

stery, polishing, etc., in departm ents where no m achin ery is used, and the risk o f serious a cciden ts is slight.

** * un d e rstan d that the C o m m i t t e e o f the C o l l e g e of

W e

A m bulance

are in

... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

suit able

perm anent

It is pro p o sed to

institute special courses o f instruction at the C o l l e g e for

86 87

tropical climates, where t hey are exp o sed to m a ny dangers to

those

leavin g

the

h o m e lan d for work and

health w hich are new to them.

residen ce in

T h i s s h o uld be a valuable

87 88 88

course o f training to such individuals.

88 90 91 91

tio n o f classes for First A i d In struction w here req uired and

92 92

C o r r espo n d en ts—

Ethics of First A id ... ... Haemorrhage from Nose ... Fracture Involving Elbow Joint ... Zinc Chloride Poisoning ... Causes of Hysterical Fits ... Fracture of Forearm ... ... Fracture of Femur ... ... Diagnosis of Alcoholism ...

for

been given to pupils since 1 9 1 4 in h a rm o n y with the great

***

T h e

S . J . A . A . , in a letter co m m u n ic a te d to the Press

this month , offered to give every e n co u r a g em e n t to forma w here sufficient c a n d id ates can be found. c o m m e n t in g

upon

92 92 94 94 94 94 94 94

this, says “ W e

Lancet ,

The

heartily

e n d o rse the

plea o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e A sso cia tion that every e n co u r a g em e n t

... ...

n eg otia tio n

prem ises to ca rry on the tech n ica l instruction w hich has a m b u la n c e in stitutions o f the country.

E d it o r —

F irst Aid Essay Competition ... Brigade W ork During the W ar ... a n d

G a zette—

Official Brigade News ... ... ... ... Service of Thanksgiving for theCessation of H ostilities... ... ... ... ... The Grand Prioryt of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... Brigade Overseas ... ... ... ... W ork of the St. John Ambulance Brigade in the London C ivil Hospital ... ... ... Brigade Hospital ... ... ... ... V.A .D . Summary of W ork for November ... ... General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... ... Railw ay Ambulance ... ... ... ... The Humour of A ir Raids ... ... ... ...

Q u e r ie s

82 83

P o in t s —

The Vagaries of Epilepsy

L etter s

R epo r ts—

P r a c t ic a l

December, 1918.

AID, -

sh o u ld

be given to those w ho desire to

gain a c o m p e t e n t k n o w le d g e o f first aid, h o m e nursing and

hygiene.

fact

that

led g e

with

o f first aid

V . A . D . ’s and

should

the

like,

cessation and

too, of

e le m e n ta ry

tho usands

e m ph asise the

hostilities

the

o f others

s h o uld

not

uses of

■* * ♦

T h e

nam es

be cast

off as a garm ent, but rather put to the gentler p e a c e .”

know

nursing a cq u ire d

War

of a

Office

large

has

issued

number

list con tain in g

o f ladies

and

the

ge n tle m en in

various co un ties th rou gho u t the K i n g d o m brought to the n otice o f the Secretary o f State for W a r by the C h air m an o f the Join t W a r C o m m i t t e e o f the British

B r e v it ie s . T h e

R e d Cross

S o c ie ty and O rd e r o f St. J o h n o f Jerusalem in E n g l a n d for

H o m e Office O rder, da ted N o v e m b e r 8th, w hich

v a lu a b le services in c o n n e c tio n with the war.

* * *

c o m e s into force on J an uary 1st, 1919, requires the pro

M r .

A. W.

F a ir e ,

s p ea k in g at the 38th annual m eet

vision o f First A i d a n d A m b u l a n c e arrangements for the

in g

treatm ent o f a ccid en ts at all factories or parts o f factories

county

e m p lo y in g 25 or more persons, w h ich are saw mills or in

affect centres already in existence, as th e y w ou ld b e c o m e

w hich articles o f w oo d are m anufactured.

sub-centres.

T h i s O rd e r is in

the sam e terms as the D raft O rd e r issued in J u ly last

o f the

L eice ste r Centre, said

reorganisatio n

o f the

centres was bein g carried out, but it w ou ld not H i s a d v ic e was that they should go in for re

organisation a n d recon struction from within, a n d the rules,

e xce p t that if an a m b u la n c e room is p ro vid ed at the factory

he thought, were in striking n ee d o f reform.

a n d such a rra n ge m en ts are m a d e for the im m ediate treat

great future for the L e ic e st e r C o m m it t e e if it w o u ld realise

m ent there o f all injuries, the C h i e f In sp ecto r may, by a

its position sufficiently and p lace itself more before the

certificate in writing, e xe m p t the factory from the require

public.

m ents o f the provision o f First A i d boxes ; and paragraphs

5 a nd 9 re quire works e m p lo y in g 500 or m o re persons to

p o ssib le footing.

p ro v id e an A m b u l a n c e R o o m

H e ho p ed steps w o u ld be taken to bring matters

to date a n d to put the organ isation

and A m b u l a n c e Carriage,

but a p rovision has n ow b e en inserted that in re cko n ing

W e

T h e r e was a

upon

the best

* *

* h a ve re ce ive d a c o p y o f “ C a s tin g out F e a r ,” by

the n u m b e r o f perso n s e m p lo y e d for the purposes o f these

F lo ra B ig e lo w G uest, a n d p u b lis h ed by J o h n L a n e , V igo -

p aragraphs

street, L o n d o n , W., at 3s. 6d.

any

de p a rtm e n t o f the

works

m a c h in e r y is used m ay be e x c lu d e d .

w hich

T h i s m o dificatio n

s tudy o f oneself.

T h e b o o k is an interesting

December, 1918

— FIRST

Jlailwaij Ambulance. S. E . & C. R v .— T h e following is the list of those who received awards for m eritorious first aid rendered and services to the first aid cause on the railway :— Platelayer Fairey, Meopham. Goods Foreman Rowland, Meopham. Foreman Sabine, Deal. Policeman T. N. Burstow, Charing^Cross. Sergt. R. J. Taylor, Blackfriars. P.R. Signalman Heathfield, Barham. P.R. Signalman Gillett, Minster. Porter J. Croucher, Folkestone Central. Inspector Oxley, London Bridge. D river Burgess, Orpington. Platelayer Mepham, Tonbridge. Turner Sutton, Ashford Works. Painter Day, Ashford Works. Coachmaker Edmunds, Battersea Shops. Yard Foreman Newman, Orpington. Fitter J. Hulse, Reading. Clerk H. Barnett, Loco., Reading. Guard W. Putland, Reading. Marine Porter H. Pluck, Dover Harbour. Platelayer H. Tiltman, Winchelsea. Gateman Smith, Battle. D river H. Neighbour, Slades Green. D river H. Catt, Slades Green. Fitter Siveter, Battersea. Ganger Wraight, Gillingham. Platelayer Robinson, Newington. Foreman Burchell, Broadstairs. Certificates were awarded to the following :— H arry Fairey, platelayer, Meopham. James Rowland, goods foreman, Meopham. George Robinson, platelayer, Newington. James Wraight, ganger, Gillingham. George Day, painter, Ashford W orks. W ar Service Badges granted by the St. John A m bu lance Association for servicts in connection with the un loading of am bulance trains :— James Akers David Tille W illiam Neil Percy Botts Ernest Prew W illiam Hancox W illiam Bury W alter Banks Lewis Fielder Silas Gndwin Alfred Vincent Ralpy G. Neat Henry Hope W illiam Mean Edwin Thorpe Charles Oxley Ed. G. Browning Ebeneza Day Wm H. Smith James Baker H arry Fairey Wm. H. Taylor Arthur Belcher Alfred Shearman James W raight Silver M edal awarded to :— Ernest Duff, highest first year man, Victoria Class. M .R .— At the M idlan d Institute, Derby, on Novem ber 12th, M r. C. Booth presented gold and silver medals and illum inated certificates awarded to members of the staff by the A m bulance Committee. From the 24th annual report it appeared that during the past year t6 classes for men and 6 classes for women were held, and 368 men and 95 women were successful in the examinations, 55 o f the former and 62 of the latter being new members. In the whole of the departments there were 8,209 am bulance men, or 13 5 per cent, of the staff, and 186 am bulance women, or 2 5 per cent, the net percentage to the total staff being 12-3. U p to September 30th, 1579 am bulance men had joined H is M afesty’s forces, of whom 315 were in the R .A .M .C . T h e applicants for awards totalled 98, as compared

AID. —

with 149 in the previous year, and 9 gold medals, 32 silver medals, and 13 illum inated certificates were awarded.

The B y P t e . A.

Hum our d e

A ir -R a id s .

L. J O N E S , No. 7 (Toynbee H a ll) D ivision , S .J.A .B .

F r o m the earliest ages com edy and tragedy have w a n d e r e d hand in hand. T h e am bulance man being associated with the tragedy of air-raids has often opportunities of seeing the hum our also. People suddenly awakened from sleep be come flustered, and one such man was observed by an air raid worker w ildly running from his house to an adjacent shelter with his nether garments on hind part before, and he did not discover his m istake until he became conscious of an extreme draught where such was not usually felt. In another case a lady was observed to be hobbling painfully along, and on a first man approaching to render assistance it was discovered that she had her boots on the wrong feet. Another agitated damsel in her night attire ran out of her garden gate just as an elderly man, the father of a num erous family, passed by. On the im pulse of the moment he gave the scurrying form a sharp smack and told her to go back to bed at once. T h e surprised and scandalised damsel turned round and precipitately fled in doors without a word of remonstrance at such a greeting from a stranger. On one occasion two St. Joh n A m bulance men were conveying an injured man on a wheeled litter to hospital. Tw o boys with lanterns offered to lighten the way, but as the procession proceeded two bombs fell a little way up the road. Struck with fear, the two boys made for home at high speed and took the lights with them. T h e am bulance men watched the rapidly disappearing lights for a moment then burst into laughter and resumed their journey in the dark. A brother and sister were standing at the gate of their house when they heard the rattle of a descending aerial torpedo. T h e sister rushed in and banged the door, leav ing her astonished brother outside. H e im m ediately lay down in the road as the bomb dropped some way off. Follow ing the explosion came a moment’s silence, then came a quivering voice from inside the house through the letterbox— “ Are you all right, C h arlie ?” But the lockedout youth was sitting in the roadway laughing with the usual good hum our of the B ritish “ T o m m y ” at the general situation. D u rin g a raid on London a certain street had a num ber of houses damaged by bombs and concussion, and a police man with a St. Jo h n A m bulance man in attendance was detailed to exam ine every house each side of the street. Entering one house they called out, “ A nybody h u rt? ” Im m ediately from a back room came a cry, “ Yes ! Yes !” and out popped an agitated Hebrew , w ringing his hands. “ W hat’s the m atter?” he was asked. W ith much gesticu lation and waving of hands, all he could say was, “ Look at my vinders ! Oh, my vinders !” T h ey looked at his “ vinders,” and not being glaziers, they departed. T h en the am bulance man entered the next house and was looking under beds, in passages, etc,, when a typical dock labourer entered and began to bluster “ Oet out of my house. D o n ’t want none of you here.” T h e point was being argued when the constable entered, and seeing the am bulance man being interfered with in his duty he seized

— FIRST

AID.

the man and ran him out of the h o u s e ; and shortly after a very much astonished labourer was out in the road musing over the fact that he had been chucked out of his own house.

Setters to the Sditor.

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Q u e rie s w i l l be d ea lt w it h u n d e r the fo llo w in g r u l e s : — 1 . — L e tt e rs c o n ta in in g Q u e rie s m u s t be m a rk e d on the top le ft h a n a c o rn e r of

W t a re i n no w a y re sp o n s ib le f o r the o p in io n s ex p ressed , o r the statem ents m a d e , by C o rre s p o n d e n ts . — E d i t o r , E t c .

December, 1918.

—

4.6,

the en velope “ Q u e r y ,"

a n d a d d re sse d — F i r s t A i d ,

C a n n o n -s trc e t, L o n d o n , E . C .

2 . — A l l Q u e rie s m u s t be a cc o m p a n ie d by a “ Q u e r y C o u p o n ” c u t fro m the c u r r e n t is su e of the J o u r n a l, o r i n case o f Q u e rie s f r o m a broa d

A ID E S S A Y C O M P E T IT IO N S . I was recently looking through F i r s t A i d for 1906 and was reminded of the series of competitions that you set from time to time. I wish these Essay Competitions could be revived ; to my mind they were a great incentive to practical work-a-day study and brought out that greatest of all principles of first aid, viz., “ commonsense.” They were a great help and always the sub ject of much discussion in the Brigade division to which I then belonged. You had a series of 5s. monthly competitions, but these were of no value to the practical working “ first-aider,” but fell to the competitor who was able to gather and put together in sequence the most suitable collection of text-book phrases. Trusting you will give this your consideration.— Yours faith fully, C. R. [W e hope at an early date to comply with our corre spondent’s request.— E d .]

f r o m a re cen t issu e.

F IR S T

D ear

S i r ,—

B R IG A D E W O R K D U R IN G T H E W A R . S i r , — I would like through the medium of your correspondence columns to suggest that the time is opportune for the various Districts to send in an outline of the work carried out by them during, and in connection with the war— such work as “ Wounded Soldiers’ Convoys,’, “ Duties at Hospitals,” A ir Raid Duties,” and experiences. As Corresponding Secretary to the Sheffield Corps, I should be glad to hear what other Secretaries think of this, and perhaps you would be able to publish the same as a Supplement to our official organ, F i r s t A i d . — I remain, yours faithfully, D ear

F r a n k

R o d ley.

S o u t h a m p t o n C e n t r e . — W e have received a copy of the P ro vision al R eport of the Centre for the year October, 1917, to September 30th, 1918. 227 certificates and other awards had been gained during the year, this m aking a total of 6,828 since the centre was revived in M arch, 1905. T h e Borough C o u n cil having purchased a motor am bulance of their own, the centre handed theirs to them on N ovem ber 5th, 1917 ; 61 calls had been made in this year up to that date. T h e am bulance of the centre had therefore attended and carried free of charge 3,841 emer gency cases between M arch, 1908, and Novem ber 6th, 1917. T h e financial statement showed a balance in hand of ^ 1 3 2 16s. T h e report of the St. John H o spital showed that many im provem ents in the equipm ent were made dur ing the year, and the hospital account shows a balance in hand of ^ 7 2 3 4s. 4d.

W h e n c o r r e s p o n d in g w it h A d v e r t is e r s p le a se m en tio n “ F ir s t A id

”

— The

T e x tb o o k , to w h ic h 1 e jc r e r c e m a y bt m a de i n these c o lu m n s, is th e R e v is e d ( 2 9 / 7 ) E d i t i o n o f S . J . A . A . M a n u a l o f F i t s t - A id .

E t h ic s

o f

F ir s t

A id .

G. G. (Vancouver) asks our opinion on the following facts. Not long ago an accident occurred in a station yard where he works. H e enquired as to the whereabouts of the patient and was told by a First-Aider that the man had received attention and that there was not much amiss with him. Going to the patient, he found him standing up, in a dazed condition, unable to answer questions coherently, and bathing his head with cold water. By discriminating enquiries addressed to patient and bystanders, he dis covered that the man had fallen from his wagon and had struck his head on some railway lines. He, then, tele graphed to the man’s employers, who sent a foreman to take charge of the patient and of his team of horses. Meanwhile, the patient improved considerably but com plained of intense headache ; and the foreman, refusing good advice, took the man home instead of to hospital by ambulance. Anxious about the result, G. G. next morning telephoned the foreman who “ was exultant in that he had beaten me— a kind of doctor’s agent— out of a make-up )case.” Lastly, he adds that the matter gave him “ a nasty pain for which he requires a prescription.” I fail to see real cause for pain or for complaint, thoug;h I note that you over-ruled the expressed opinion of a fellow FirstAider. Apart from this, your actions were perfectly correct, since patients and their friends are at liberty to accept or reject the advice of Doctors and First-Aiders. At all events, your advice to seek medical aid was sound, and your conscience would have been clear if things had turned out otherwise than they did. So do not be discouraged, regard the implied insult with the contempt which it deserves, and, if you like, turn up the February issue of this journal, where you will find the ethics of First-A id fully discussed in these columns.— N. C o r b e t F le tc h e r .

H /e m o r r h a g e

fr o m

N o se.

C C. (Coventry) asks why in Haemorrhage from Nose the hands are raised above the head and the head thrown slightly backwards. H e relates a case in which the patient objected to these instructions on the ground that the blood ran down her throat, but consented to hold ice to her neck with both hands. He adds that he tried comforting words and that after two hours busy work he believes he found the right words, because the patient relaxed, the htemorrhage ceased, and the doctor arrived ! ! ! M agic words ! W hy not complete your story by repeating them 1 ! Alas, I suspect that they were parrot-like repetitions from the Textbook ! ! ! Humbug apart, by placing the patient’s hands at the back of her neck you accomplished what was re quired. In short, you both increased the capacity of the chest thereby and also lowered the blood pressure in the large veins at their entry to the right side of the heart so that the return of blood was facilitated. Lastly, the tilting backwards of the head resulted in elevation of the bleeding part which you will re-

—FIRST

December, 1918. r

A I D. —

The St. John Ambulance Association.

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C H

M I S

Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

T F 0 R

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FIRST

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t

AID.

V a st modern factory resources, added to a century’ s experience, enables us to supply F irst A id and all other Services w ith uniform s and e q u ip m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d m aterials, w orkm anship and finish — at prices that challenge com pari son w ith an y other cloth ing of equal quality.

Why everyone should have a knowledge of First Aid.

A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. S p e c i a l i n d u c e m e n t s a r e o f fe r e d to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

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V------------------------------

16,

— FIRST member is one of the three most important steps in control of bleeding—position of patient, position of part, and pressure. For further particulars see Why and Wherefore in F ir s t- A id (pp. 49-51).— N. C. F. F r a ctu r e

In v o l v in g

E lbow

Oh ! What are the qualifications of a First-Aider, and what is the difference between “ involving jo in t” and “ at the joint ”? You are mixing up the general instructions for injuries to elbow joint with a special variety of injury which our Textbook — wisely, as it appears to me— does not recognise. Other text books, introducing intricacies of diagnosis which are beyond the capabilities of most First-Aiders, advise a straight splint as for fracture of patella, when the tip o f elbow [olecranonprocess o f ulna) is broken. My advice, therefore, is to use the angular splint unless the comfort of the patient contra-indicates its adoption.— N. C. F.

C h l o r id e

Enough said— but the case did occur, and the man did die of zinc chloride poisoning, and the policeman was acquitted by the unanimous verdict of the coroner’s jury.— N. C. F.

o f

gested difference in position of inner and outer splints would tend to less efficient control of forearm and elbow joint (see definition of splint— p. 42), while the inner splint might cause pain through pressure on the lower end of the humerus.— NC. F.

F r a ctu r e

o f

F em u r .

J. C. (Tufnell P ark).--T h e M.O. of our Volunteer U nit said recently, with reference to fracture of femur— “ You will save yourself a lot of trouble and the patient a lot of pain if you get him to hospital straight away. D o not apply ex tension. It cannot be done owing to the muscular spasm, which lasts 1^ to 2 hours. The muscles will relax as soon as chloroform is administered, and no harm will result by delay of, say, half an hour.” As this dictum appears to contradict our Textbook, I shall welcome your opinion. I agree entirely with your M.O First-Aiders are apt to regard extension as a simple and easy process until they attempt it. The Textbook reads “ Gently draw down foot” (p. 62), but this instruction must be taken in conjunction with the General Rules (p. 47), where we find the words “ W ith great care, and without using force, place the limb in as natural a position as possible.” In short, the Textbook anticipates the difficulties which your M.O. described.— N. C. F.

P o is o n in g .

L. M. (W arrington) in an amusing letter enters a vigorous pro test against “ the attempt made to point out the misapplica tion of sodium chloride ” in the report of Zinc Chloride Poisoning published in the September issue. She says that the idea is erroneous and should be immediately dis pelled ; that it is quite impracticable for sodium chloride to combine with zinc sulphate and yield zinc chloride ; and that it is only fair to vindicate the action of the policeman.

C au ses

December, 1918.

Jo in t .

H. C. (Oswestry) :— The Textbook teaches us how to treat a fractured arm— at shoulder, in middle of shaft and involv ing elbow joint ? How should we treat a fracture at the elbow joint ? W ould you advise a straight splint as in case of fractured patella or an angular splint ?

Z in c

AID. —

H y s t e r ic a l

F it s .

A. J. ( L e e ) I n the streets and other public places there are now frequent cases of men from the front— wounded, shell shocked, or gassed — being seized with fits, resembling epi leptic attacks, though in some instances the epileptic con vulsions alternate with periods of mania in which the patient glares fiercely round, struggles violently, raves and curses as though he were back in the fighting line. Is there any special treatment other than that on general lines laid down for Epilepsy? When patient recovers and is able to swallow, should anything else but cold water be given ?

D ia g n o s is

o f

A l c o h o l is m .

A. M. (Regent’s Park).— Recently I took to the hospital a patient whom I found in the street half conscious and with evidence of head injury, and concerning whom no history was available. The house surgeon examined the patient and then took out of a poison cupboard a bottle, with con tents of which he saturated some cottonwool. I was stand ing close by and detected no peculiar smell. He held the cottonwool close to the patient’s nose for 2 or 3 minutes, and, turning round, said— “ T his man is drunk. Send for the police." W as this a faked diagnosis? I f not, what was the test ? I do not know any such test, or, indeed, any single conclu sive test which enables us to diagnose positively and at once collapse due to drink. In fact, I suspect, with you, that the differential diagnosis was made not on one test, as suggested but by a process of exclusion.— N . C. F.

A. A. (Near Bolton).— It is quite contrary to the rules and regulations of the S.J.A.B. for members to be paid for attend ing drills and practices. The Brigade is a purely voluntary organisation.— E d .

These cases lack the sudden and cotnplete loss o j conscious ness , which is the leading sign of Epilepsy, and cannot, there fore, be regarded as examples of this disease. They belong, in fact, to those conditions which, for want of a better name, we group under the term “ Hysteria,’' since they are the result of a most profound disturbance of the Nervous System by the causes specified in the query, and they should be treated as laid down in the Textbook (pp. 147-149). Hot non-alcoholic drinks are often more soothing than cold water.— N. C. F

F r actu r e

o f

t h e

F o r ear m .

A. S. (Nottingham) asks if in the case of fractured forearm the inner splint should be placed a little beyond the elbow, as shown in Textbook, or if it should only just reach the lower end of the humerus. The instructions and diagram clearly indicate that both splints must be placed beyond the elbow. Otherwise the sug

Joint parades of the Sheffield N ursing and A m bu lance D ivisions have been recently inaugurated with much success. M id d l e s b r o u g h C e n t r a l D i v i s i o n . — M r. Cooper, who volunteered for service with the B .R .C .S . as a motor driver, gave a descriptive account of his experiences both in F rance and Ita ly to the members of this division last month. T h is proved of considerable interest.

W h e n c o r r e s p o n d in g w it h A d v e r t is e r s p le a se m e n tio n “ F ir s t A id .”

— FIRST

December, 1918. Telegrams:

T e le p h o n e : E a s t

AID. —

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-F IR S T

December, 1918

AID. —

M ANUALS OF FIRST-AID , &e.,

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14 p p . F o l d e r . P a p e r ,

THE

r p O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, JL W eights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors, Maternity and Child W elfare Workers, Dispensers, Relieving Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personaf and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and F irst Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology. For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost. Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark Grey beaver cloth, 54s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 45s. — W rite for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

T )

O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

O R S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

A N T E D to Sell.— Three long Cloaks, two Officer’s Bonnets, seven Nursing Sister’s Bonnets ; worn on average three times.— Apply, Mrs. Mervyn Stewart, Falmouth.

2d.

C l o t h , 4d,

M AN IK IN .

TR IA N G U L A R

THE

BANDAGE:

ROLLER

BANDAGE.

B y th e Sam e A u t h o r . I ts A p p lic a t io n A c c u r a t e ly D e s c r ib e d b y W o r d s a n d 16 2 D ia g r a m s . P r ic e , IS . n e t; p o s ta g e , 2d.

A N A TO M IC A L

D IA G R A M S .

P o s t f r e e , 3 s . 6d. n e t . 5 , 6 a n d 14 ( c o l o u r e d ) ,

T h ir te e n o n R o lle r . s e p a r a t e l y , 2d.

E a c h D ia g ra m ' each.

6d.

No. 1 4 . - H U M A N B O D Y . — S H O W I N G A R T E R I E S P R E S S U R E P O IN TS . TH E

3 3 5 , H i g h H o l b o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .1.,

C l o t h , 4 d.

I t s A p p lic a t io n A c c u r a t e ly D e s c r ib e d b y W o r d s a n d 1 1 6 D ia g r a m s . By H O W A R D M . P R E S T O N . D e m o n stra to r to th e P o ly tech n ic. 1 1 6 I ll u s . P r ic e , i s . n e t; p o s ta g e 2 d .

C o lo u r e d .

C O LLE G E,

2d.

(16th thousand).

S y s te m s o f B o d y a c c u r a te ly in d e x e d . I n v a lu a b le to S tu d e n t s of A n a t o m y , M e d ic in e , F ir s t - A id a n d A llie d S u b je c ts . P r ic e 2 5 . n e t; p o s ta g e , 2d.

A R E O F F E R E D BY T H E

S A N IT A R Y

(4oth thousand).

P ap er,

WORDS.

COM PLETE

F IR S T -A ID

OPPORTUNITIES

WORDS.

12 p p . F o l d e r .

B y th e Sam e A u th o r.

I 12, S t. G e o rg e ’s Road, S o u t h w a r k , Lo n d o n .

EXGEPTIONAL

L .S .A .L o n d .

B y th e Sam e A u th o r . W it h C o lo u r e d D ia g r a m s .

I n c l u d i n g u s e f u l r e f e r e n c e t a b le s .

PO STAL IN S TR U C TIO N in “ PRESCRIPTION R EA D IN G ” and “ ELEM ENTARY D ISPENSIN G.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member or S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted tor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T. B.) Special terms now —half fees—to members of S.J.A.B., &c.

F IR S T -A ID . M .R .C .S .,

A v a d e - m e c u m fo r th e A m b u la n c e W o r k e r . F .c a p .8 v o . P o s t fr e e , i s . 2 d .

P u b lis h e d by

CUXSON, GERRARD

r e s c r ib e r .

W HOLE By

P r ic e ,

ART

TH E tC L A

6d.

B A N D A G IN G .

BOW SER,

F .J .I.

I n tr o d m c tio n b v J a m e s C a n t l i e , F . R . C . S .

I llu s .

P o s t fre e , I s .

2 d.

P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G O U T & M A K IN G UP H O S P IT A L G A R M E N T S FOR S IC K & W O U N D E D . (A p p ro v e d by the R e d C ro s s S o ciety).

A By

SHORT

COURSE

I llu s tr a te d .

P H Y S IC A L

P o s t fre e , i s .

2 d.

TR A IN IN G .

B R O M A N . ___________________Price is . 8d . post free.

ALLAN JO H N

BALE,

SONS

D A N IE L S S O N ,

L t d .,

8 3 - 91. G r e a t T i t e h f i e l d S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W .

On First Aid, Medicine, Surgery, and all other Scien tific and Literary Subjects. S e c o n d -H a n d P rice s, New

Half

Books at D iscount Prices. Catalogues ree. _________ State wants. _ Books sent on aapproval. Books bought. W . & G. F O Y L E _ pi i2 t and 123. Charing Cross Road, London, W .C. P o s t f r e e 7d .

P r ic e 6 d . n e t.

NOTES

F IR S T

S id n ey

A ID H.

S IM P L IF IE D .

Lam b.

A H a n d b o o k in a t a b u l a t e d a n d s im p l if ie d f o r m g i v i n g t h e m a in p o in t s in f ir s t a i d , s o a r r a n g e d a s t o i m p r e s s t h e m o n t h e m e m o r y o f t h e s tu d e n t.

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., LONDON, E,C.4. it Q U ER Y

f ir s t

and

A ID ”

R E P L IE S

CO U PO N .

T o be cut out a n d enclosed w ith a l l Q ueries D ecem ber ,

19 18 .

FIR S T AID AND THE -----

ST.

JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 295.—

XXV

V o l.

N O T IC E FIRST AID

3s. 6d.

DALE. [Entered at Stationers' Hall.)

PRICE TH RE E PE N CE T3/6 P e r A n n u m , P o s t ^ r e e

B rigade on a County system, each County having an

READERS.

is p u b li s h e d o n t h e

A n n u a l S u b s c r i p t i o n is I ts a im

J A N U A R Y , 1919

Assistant Com m issioner at its head, with County Corps

aoth of each month. s i n g le c o p ie s 3d.

Superintendent and C ounty A m bulance and N ursing Corps, The

p o st free ;

a n d o b j e c t b e i n g t h e a d v a n c e m e n t 01 A m b u l a n c e W o r k

taking the name of the C ounty which they represent, with a Com m issioner over a certain area as inspecting officer.

to s e n d A r t ic le s a n d

T h e Association being organised on a County Centre

R e p o r ts o n s u b je c ts p e r ta in in g to th e M o v e m e n t a n d a ls o w e lc o m e s

system presents a parallel case to this, but is yet too early

in a l l it s b r a n c h e s , t h e E d i t o r i n v i t e s R e a d e r s s u g g e s t io n s f o r P r a c t i c a l

P ap e rs.

A l l R e p o r ts , & c . , s h o u ld b e r e a c h h im b e f o r e t h e

( not n e c e s s a rily

to say what results it will produce. a d d r e s s e d t o t h e E d i t o r , a n d s h o n ld

I2 th o f ea c h m o n th , a n d

fo r P u b lic a tio n ) b y

th e

m u s t b e a c c o m p a n ie d

nam e

and

a d d ress

th e

C o rre sp o n d e n t.

opinion it will create a more lively interest in F irst A id training, and the B rigade being organised on the same lines the two bodies would work hand-in-hand— a very desirable

S u b s c r ip tio n s , A d v e r t is e m e n t s a n d o th e r b u s in e s s C o m m u n ic a tio n s c o n n e c te d w ith

How ever, we are of

F I R S T A I D s h o u l d b e f o r w a r d e d t o t h e P u b li s h e r s ,

D A LE,

R EYN O LD S 46,

Cannon

C O .,

Street,

L t d ., L o n d o n , E .C . 4.

T e le g ra p h ic A d d r e s s : “ T w e n t v - f o u r , L o n d o n ." T e lep h o n e N o . 3 4 7 1 B a n k .

result, as the one is the outlet of the other.

Furtherm ore,

on a County system, the Brigade would create more interest among country people, and thereby lead to its expansion and support. W e notice among other things that the Chairm an of the Joint W ar Com m ittee has stated that the motor am bulances which were presented to the Com m ittee are to be returned,

ED ITO RIAL.

where possible, to the towns which subscribed them for the use of the c iv il com m unity.

W ith an A m bulance

D ivision in existence in such a town, with very little N a tu r a lly,

with the advent of peace

O rganisation

there will be a fair amount of discussion

of the

in St. Joh n Am bulance Brigade circles

Brigade.

as to its future prospects, and it is very

desirable that a programme of the future work of the Brigade should be put before its members soon, otherwise a large num ber on dem obilisation will be dis persed and lost.

It is not our intention here to lay down a

policy for its future, but to indicate certain lines which we think would make for its more complete organisation and welfare.

organisation, a

com plete

am bulance

service could

brought into being throughout the country, and a much needed and useful work accom plished by the members of the Brigade. Such schemes as these are no doubt engaging the zealous attention of the B rigade authorities, and it is doubtless obvious to them of the necessity of announcing their programme as early as possible, so as to retain those people who during the last four years have devoted their time to the sick and wounded.

It has been adm itted in the past that the districts of the Brigade cover too large an area for effective adm inistra tion, and the C h ie f Com m issioner, with this in view, some years ago, slightly re-arranged them, with very desirable results.

It is to be hoped that as full a record as possible w ill be made of the voluntary work done by members of the Jo in t W ar Committee during the war.

W ith the great expansion of the Brigade of recent

years a further sub-division would appear to be a wise act on the part of the authorities, for it would sim plify adm inisrration and place units more in touch with headquarters. In our view, the sim plest way would be to organise the

D u rin g the year the Lo n d on A m bulance Colum n has conveyed 108,947 wounded soldiers, and the motor am bulances have covered 1,340,000 miles. T h e organisa tion has moved every patient that has come into London.

—FIRST

3 h i Brand ? rlo rg of the B rd ir of the Hospital of S t. Jo h n of [Jerusalem in Sngland. A M B U LA N C E

SJhe S t.

No. 1 District. C o m m is s io n e r

DEPARTM ENT.

[John .Ambulance

Brigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

W . H. W IN N Y , O .B.E. F E B R U A R Y , 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 2nd.— No. 29 Division, Walthamstow. „ 9th.— No. 19 „ South Metropolitan Gas Co. „ 16th.— No. 20 „ Hampstead. „ 23rd.— No. 30 „ East London. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. O F F IC E R ’S T R A IN IN G C O U R S E . The next meeting in connection with this course for train ing officers, will be held on Wednesday, January 23rd, at St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, at 7.30 p.m., under the charge of the Corps Supt. Candidates for promotion to officers rank are also invited to attend this meeting. S E R G E A N T S ’ D R IL L . The next meeting for sergeants and corporals, and candi dates for promotion to these ranks, will be held under the direction of the D istrict Sergeant at St. John’s Schools, C lerk enwell, E .C .1, on Wednesday, February 5th, at 7.30 p.m. P U B L IC D U T Y . Officers in charge of Nursing Divisions should see that all members of their unit, when parading for public duty in the streets, wear uniform of the same pattern. Some members of the same unit should not wear bonnets and cloaks whilst others wear hat and coat. AN N UAL RETURN S. It is noticed that some Divisions do not include form B.F. 5 when sending in their annual returns. Care should be taken that this form is included. Form B .F .1 should show the number of Divisional drills separate from the figures of the V .A .D . attendances. R E C O G N IT IO N O F S E R V IC E S . The Commissioner has pleasure in announcing that Miss Natalie Dodd, of the W hitehall Nursing Division, has been awarded the Royal Red Class (2nd .Class), for work done in Salonica. (Signed) W . H. W IN N Y , Commissioner.

C r o s s , L .B . &

S .C .

R y .

(N o.

16 )

D i v i s i o n .— O n

December 28th the members were invited to a tea and social evening in honour of Sergt. C . E. and Mrs. Cherry, who cele brated their silver wedding. Mrs. J. Stanley Davies (wife of the superintendent) presented the awards gained during the past year. No. 2 District.

B ristol .—T he annual returns of the Redland Division

AID. —

January, 1919.

shows a strength of 212 members, 185 of whom are in H.M . Forces, and 27 doing duty with the Division. To commemorate the Great War, and the part taken in it by the Division, an album, called the “ Redland Division W ar Memorial Album,” has been instituted, containing the Regimental No., Name, Rank and Corps of all the members who have joined H.M . Forces ; by the name of each man his portrait has been inserted. This idea has been heartily ap proved of by the Headquarters of the District. The work done by the home members of the Division during the war has been very strenuous ; consisting of Police and Fire Brigade duties, Red Cross work, meeting ambulance trains all hours of day and night, embarking and disembarking wounded and sick from hospital ships at Avonmouth, convoy duties, and all ordinary Brigade work. No. s District. S H E F F I E L D . — In connection wtih the Sheffield Corps and Voluntary Aid Detachments, Nos. 66, 47, 49 and 108, West Riding, Yorks., a highly successful W hist D rive and Social was held at the Im perial Hall, Pinstone-street. Mr. H. C. Else, Assistant Commissioner for No. 5. District, presided, and other Corps Officers present included Captain Stanley Else, Lieut. Leonard H . Else and Mr. Alfred E. Taylor, who are Divisional S u p t s . attached to A, C and D Divisions. Supt. Taylor, speaking of the voluntary war work done by the Brigade and the V.A.Ds., said, during the period, Sept. 1914 to Sept. 1918, there was received in Sheffield considerably over 300 wounded convoys, arriving at all hours, but chiefly be tween 10 p.m. and 8 a.m., which involved the detraining of something like 55,000 wounded ; of this number 25,000 were cot cases, and required stretcher transport from the train to the motor ambulances; the total number of hours taken up by such work during this period was over 700. That means, said Supt. Taylor, if only one of our Brigade members had attended all these convoys, he would have over 700 hours of service to his credit, but the facts are that on many occasions the members of the Sheffield Corps have turned up for this detraining duty 40, and even 50, strong, and some of them have hardly missed a convoy since they were permitted to assist, hence the hours of voluntary service rendered by the Corps runs into thousands. Apart from these convoy duties, certain members of the Corps had, during the last eight months, done duty as ward orderlies at the base, or 3rd Northern General Hospital, after a hard day’s work, from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. the next morning. Certain members of the Corps ran a comforts fund, and visited both the Wharncliffe and Winter-street Hospital every Satur day and Sunday to distribute comfort to the wounded, about ,£300 worth of tobacco and cigarettes had been distributed by them in this way. In connection with the Brigade Hospital in France, Supt. Taylor stated that the members of the Sheffield Corps have contributed and influenced donations which amount to a sum not far short of ;£ 1,000. The Nursing Division which is attached to the Sheffield Corps has not been idle, and had proved a very necessary adjunct to the ambulance divisions. The winning whist players were :— Ladies : 1st, Mrs. A. Allsop; 2nd, M iss L. Osborne; hidden number, Mrs. A. E. Taylor; consolation, Mrs. Ruston. Gentlemen; 1st, Mr. R eynolds; 2nd, Mr. N eal; hidden number, Mr. Dibnah; consolation, Sergt.-Major Martin. The M .C.’s were Sergt. Growdon and Pte. Gregory.

No. 10 District. C r o m e r . — Capt. H. C. Dent, R .A .M .C., presented cer tificates, &c., to the members of the Division on January 7th. Among those present were Asst.-Commissiorier, F. H . Barclay, Divisional-Surgeon A. Burton, Divisional Supt. F. J. Emms, Dr. Robert Grant, Divisional Secretary R. L. Randal, and 1st Officer W . H. Balls, the last-named being warmly welcomed after serving with the Navy throughout the war. Mr. Barclay said that during the war the D ivision had met over 1,000 sick and wounded soldiers at the station and

January, 1919.

—FIRST

conveyed them to different hospitals; and it had rendered help at the Colne Home Hospital. Since the D iv i sion had started its members had rendered first aid to 482 cases needing treatment. The success of the work of the division, he said, was due almost entirely to the devoted attention and ceaseless time given to it by Mr. Randall. He had born the blunt of the work, and a ll he asked in return was the hearty support of the members. s p le n d id

No. 11 District. R h o n d d a F a w n C o r p s . — (Llwynypia Division)— A lec ture and presentation meeting was held on the ioth'December, when Mr. E. M. Bowen, B.Sc., delivered an interesting lecture o n “ W ells of the Future Medicines.” Corp Supt. G. Payne presided and the lecturer kept his audience very attentive ex plaining the various poisons derived from coal. Certificates, etc., were handed to the successful students for 1917-18 by Mr. D. Morgan. Sergt. W. R. Matthews (Divisional Secretary) referred to

AID. —

early stages of the war Mr. Keatinge took a very active part in the work of the Brigade, and as joint secretary of “ Our D a y ” Fund has rendered splendid service to the cause. W e are also pleased to note that District Supt. W illiam G. Smith has been appointed Assistant Commissioner, No. 12 District, a position which he is well qualified to fill. The following had the honour of being invited by H is E x cellency the Lord Lieutenant, at the Vice Regal Lodge, on Nov. 6th, 1918 : S ir John Lumsden, K .B E., D .L., Knight of Grace of the Order; Lady D istrict Supt. D r E lla Webb, M .B.E., Lady of Grace ; Lady Corps Officer Mrs. Hignett, O.B.E. A most interesting meeting of the Brigade was held recently at the Shelbourne Hotel, Sir John Lumsden presiding, to discuss the ways and means by which the work of the Brigade may be carried on in the future. The chairman out, lined a scheme for co-ordinating the activities of the men and women who have done such splendid war work during the past four years, and who recognised the necessity of continuing to devote themselves to social problems lying nearer home. Com mandant Professor Granville Cole, Corps Supt. H.- Webb, and others spoke in support of the movement, while Corp Officer A. M. Fullerton, who is Deputy Chairman of the Soldiers’ Central Club, spoke on behalf of the soldiers who will require assistance and sympathy for a long time to come. N o r t h C i t y . — Formed by Supt C. E. Iley, previously of the City of Dublin Division, at the request of Headquarters, there being at the time no Division on the North side of Dublin. Many of the members of this Division before joining the S.J.A.B. belonged to the old G .R. Volunteer Corps, and took part in the defence of Beggars Bush Barracks during the Sinn Fein Rebellion. They then saw for themselves the value of first aid. W e much regret to announce the death from Septic pneu monia following influenza of Nursing Sister Vera W ilkinson, St. Stephen’s Green Nursing Division. H er remains were laid to rest in Mount Jerome Cemetary. The Brigade was represented by Lady D istrict Officer M iss E. F. Blandford, Lady Divisional Supts. Mrs. Rowlette, Mrs. Woodward, and Miss O’K e lly ; Nursing Officers Mrs. Graham-Corbett and Miss Bertha Irwin, Members of the St. Stephen’s Green N urs ing Division, and Ambulance Officer Horne. Members of the City of D ublin!Ambulance Division acted as Pall Bearers, W hile the Nursing Sisters laid beautiful wreaths on their comrades’ grave. W e learn witn much regret of the resignation of Lady Corps Officer Mrs. M cCraith Blakeney. T his lady was form ally Lady Supt. Cheltenham Nursing Division, No. 2 District, and on coming to Ireland in 1915 was appointed Nursing Officer, Clonmel Division, Co. Tipperary, which post she vacated on her promotion to the rank of Lady Corps Officer Co. Dublin Corps in April, 1916. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Woodward has rendered valuble service to the Brigade by compiling a card index giving full Brigade History of every member of our District. The index is greatly appreciated at Headquarters.

T h e l a t e M r s . E. K a t e M a s o n , H.S.S. Mrs. Mason was a devoted worker in the S.J.A.B., and was Lady Supt. of the Portsmouth, Southampton, and Croydon Nursing Divisions. the support and the active part Mr. Bowen had rendered to the Division and his readiness at atl times when approached to comply with their request, and said that another lecture would be very acceptable, to which Mr. Bowen, as usual, con sented before the end Qf the session.

Pte. J. T h o m a s , o f the N a n t y m o e l D iv is io n o f the Br ig a d e has been a w a rd e d the M ilitary M e d a l for fetching w o u n d e d un der fire.

A rm s tro n g W h itw o rth C o r p s held their ann ual c o m p e tition

for the

Sco ts w o o d

M e d a ls on D e c e m b e r 7th.

W orks

Ch allenge

S hie ld

and

N o . 42 S h o p were t he winners,

No. 12 (Irish) District.

the team bein g Sergt. W . Ba ggo tt, Sergt. T h o m p s o n , C o r p l .

We congratulate Mr. Reginald H. Keatinge on receiving the honour of the Order of the British Empire. From the

E d . F airlam b, Pte. W . J on e s a n d P te. C . Sco tt. S h o p was p la ce d second.

N o. 45

IOO

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. —

January, 1919.

THE ST. JOHN AM BULANCE GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

D ecem b er ,

N e w s.

19 18 .

C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointments, prom otions, transfers and resignations ;—

T h e

No.

D is t r ic t

( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’s C o r p ) .

Bromley Division (C Section).— Divisional Surgeon J. A llan removed from list of Brigade by order of the Chief Com missioner, January 3rd, 1919. L.B . & S.C. Ry. Victoria (No. 38) Division.— First Class Sergt. W . C. Packham placed on the Reserve List of the B ri gade, December, 1918. Limehouse (No. 76) Division.— Arthur Marks to be D iv i sional Supt., 9.12.18. St. John’s Gate (No. 1) D ivision Sergt. Frank E. Stal lard to be Ambulance Officer, 10.12.18. Erith and District (No. 49) Division.— James Thomas Trollope to be Ambulance Office, 10.12.18. Leyton and Leytonstone (No. 4) Division.— Sergt. A. G. Barker to be F irst Class Sergt., 17.12.18.

No.

D is t r ic t .

Smethwick D ivision .— Divisional Supt. W . H a ll resigned his appointment, November, 1918. Kettering Corps.— Corps Supt E. Lane resigned his ap pointment December, 1918. Divisional Supt. H. Raby to be Corps Supt., January, 1919. I rthlingboro Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. W illiam s resigned her appointment, January, 1919. Nursing Officer M iss R. M. Rawlin resigned her appointment, January, 1919. Stanwick Nursing D ivision— Struck off Brigade by order of the Chief Commissioner, 6.1.19.

No.

D is t r ic t .

Sonada (Bradford City) Division.— Arthur Brook to be Ambulance Officer in charge, 21.11.18. Hanley and District Corp (Wolstanton Division).— AmbuOfficer James H. Banks to be Divisional Supt., 28.11.18, vice Divisional Supt. H. Turner promoted to Corps Supt. North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— John A. Hoodham to be Corps Officer, 28.11.18. Hanley and D istrict Gorps (Burslem Division).— Sidney Hancock to be Divisional Supt., 7.11.18, vice Divisional Supt. T. W . Boardman, deceased.

No.

No. 12 D i s t r i c t . Carrickm ines Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. S Lane placed on the Reserve List of *the Brigade, Dec., 1918.

N ew N o.

D iv is io n s .

D is t r ic t .

Y .W .C.A . Nursing Division (Bolton Corps), 1 6 . 1 2 . 1 8 . — In charge, M iss F. W . Dowson, Y.W .C.A ., Crown-street, Bolton. St. Austin’s Nursing Division, 6 . 1 2 . 1 S . — In charge, Miss D. V. Ross, W icken House, Stretton, near Warrington. N o . 6 D is t r ic t .

Earles Shipyard Division (H u ll Corps), 1 7 . 1 2 . 1 8 . — In charge, John W . Sayer, 1, Clyde-avenue, Balfour-street, Hull.

D ea th s.

Nottingham Corps.— Corps Treasurer J. E. Bryan, Dec. 14th, 1918.

D is t r ic t .

Lunesdale Nursing Division. - A. N. Benson, M .B., Ch.B., to be D ivisional Surgeon, 6.12.18. Clitheroe Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. M iss Landles resigned her appointment, January, 1911. Kendall Nursing Division.— Eliza Jaundrill to be N ursing Officer, 23-12.18.

No.

Corps Officer, 6.12.18. Mrs. Clara Wheatley to be Lady Corps Officer, 6.12.18. H u ll Corps (Central Nursing Division).— Miss Lavinia Jane Bailey to be Lady Divisional Supt., 17.1218, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. C. Wheatley promoted. H u ll Corps (Kingston Nursing Division).— Mrs. Maude P. Jameson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 17.12.18, vice Lady D iv i sional Supt. M iss A. Mabel Ayre promoted. H u ll Corps (Earles Shipyard Division).— Francis Pielder Walton, M .R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.S.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 28.12.18. H u ll Corps (De-la-Pole Division).— Edward Bailey Stephenson to be Divisional Supt., 9.12.18, vice Supt. T Southern killed in action, 1918. W est Hartlepool D ivision.— W illiam W inter to be Ambu lance Officer, 6.12.18.

D is t r ic t .

District Sergt. Cairns Palmer resigned his appointment December, 1918. St. Peters W orks Division.— Divisional Surgeon J. Bowers, M .D., resigned his appointment January, 1919. H u ll Corps.— M iss Florence M uriel Ayre to be Lady Corps Supt., 6.12.11. M iss Adeline Mabel Ayre to be Lady Corps Officer, 6.12.18. Mrs. Bertha Atkinson to be Lady

N o . 6 D is t r ic t .

Hebburn Nursing Division.— D ivisional Surgeon Capt. J V. Duffy, R.A ,M .C., died on active service, 7.12.18. S t.

J oh n

V o lu n ta r y N ew

A id

D etach m en ts.

Worcestershire 102, formed from the Harborne Nursing D ivi sion. Commandant M iss A. W right, 26, Hamdsteadroad, Handworth, Birmingham. Worcestershire 104, formed from the Harborne Nursing D ivi sion. Commandant M iss Hugh Smith, I, St. Phillip’splace, Birmingham. Worcestershire 106, formed from the Harborne Nursing D iv i sion. Commandaut M iss Spiers, 13, Augusta-road, Edgbaston, Birmingham. O .B.E.

A w ard s

a n d

D e c o r a t io n s .

British Em pire Order :— Mrs. J. McMordie, Belfast, O.B.E. Oliver, Lady Beryl (Lady Quartermaster-in-Chief), O.B.E. Bishop, Mrs. Pearl, W. Lancs., O .B.E. Cliff, Miss E., W . Yorks., O .B.E. Mostyn, Baroness Mary Florence Edith, Flintshire, O .B.E. Ham ilton-Russell, The Hon. Eustace Scott, O .B.E, Selby, Dr. Prideaux, O.B.E.

January, 1919,

101

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N C E G A ZETTE. —

Royal Red Cross 2nd Class Baldwin, Blanche, Cork 2. Jeffreys, Barbara, Westmorland 2 Johnson, Mabel, G. C., London 96. Coombes, Margaret, London 94. Dodd, Nathalie T., London 108. Lowden, Mrs. A. E., Denbigh 16. Court, Edith A. C., W. Yorks, 8 Green, Edith W ., Tyrone 8. Haigh, Annie, London 148. Moseley. E lsie L., Northumberland 64. Peters, Gertrude A., E. Lancs. 158. Usher, Edith H., Worcester 68. Mentioned in Despatches :— Arnott, Edith, Northumberland 52. Anderson, Helen, Glasgow Women’s Ball, M urial K., City of Dublin 30 Bousfield, Mary C., London 88. Dewhurst, Elsie, W . Lancs. 10 Douthwaite, Mary, Northumberland 26 Duffin, Emma S., Belfast 54. Fraser, Lulu, London 114. Grainger, Dorothy, Antrim 8. Howes, Clara V., Kent 44 MaClelland, F. E.. Tipperary 4. Maholm, Mary B., Dublin McLachlan, Jean, W. Lancs. 70 Montgomery, Margaret G., Edinburgh 1 Morris, Gertrude C. M., Canadian Imp. Rhodes, Kathleen T., W. Yorks. 28 Samuels, Dorothy G., Antrim 850 Scobie, Ellen B., Ottawa 1 Taylor, Phyllis M., Canadian Impl. Thomas, M ary M. I., Toronto Cent. Wrigley, Barbara C., Bucks. 42 R o ll

o f

H o n o u r .

Proctor, D. J., W . Yorks. 98 Richardson, J., London 118 Shortt, F., Belfast 48 Taylor, H . , E. Yorks., 38 R oll

o f

M il it a r y

D e c o r a t io n s

a n d

A w ar d s.

Scott, Capt. A. (M .C.), Tyne Main, 2nd Bar to M ilitary Cross. Bicknell, Ambulance Officer H., Clifton, Croix de Guerre. Bradbury, Pte. Tom, M eir (Hanley), M ilitary Medal. Moore, Pte. J., Newcastle Headquarters, M ilitary Medal. Chisholm, Pte. J. R., Carl Division, Ashlington Coal Co. Corps, M ilitary Medal and Bar. Fox, Corpl. F., Dover, M ilitary Medal.

T h e G r a n d P r i o r y o f th e O rd e r o f th e H o s p it a l o f S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery 0) the O rd er , S t. John's G ate , C le rk e n w e ll , L o n d o n , E . C . , J a n u a r y n t h , /(?/<?.

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the OYder of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n ig h t o f Justice (from K n ig h t o f G race ) : H is Excellency The E a rl of Liverpool, G.C.M .G., M.V.O. A s C h a p la in :

The R ight Rev. Edw in James Palmer, Lord Bishop of Bom bay. A s K n ig h ts o f G race :

Major General Sir Maurice Percy Cue Holt, K.C.M .G ., C.B. Alexander Granville, C.M .G., L L D ., (from Honorary Asso ciate). H is Excellency General Sir Charles Carmichael Munro, K.C.M .G ., K.C.B. Lieut.-Colonel Arthur John Barry. Edward Mantle Tailby. A s L a d ies 0j G race :

The Lady Victoria Alexandrina M ary Cecil Herbert. Helen Mary, the Hon. Lady Murray. H o n o u r .

Ashfield, Pte. W . N., Oxford City, M .H .H .R . Barnes, Pte. J. H., Haslingden, M .H .H .R . Bradley, Pte. S., Earby, M .H .H .R . Brooksbank, Pte. H., Padiham, M .H .H .R . Carbis, Pte. C. H., Redruth, M .H .H .R . Clayton, Reserve Wardmaster J. W ., Ossett, R .N .A .S.B .R . Crossley, Pte. A. E., Pontefract, Northumberland Fusiliers. Crowson, Pte. H., Spalding, R.A.M .C. Duffy, Capt. J. V., Hebburn, R.A.M .C. Gull, Corpl. W. M., Limehouse, R.A.M .C. Gumbridge, Pte. W., Prince of W ales’ Corps, M .H .H .R . Hargreaves, Pte. D., Bacup, R.N .A .S.B .R . Harold, Pte. A. H., Clifton (Bristol), R.N .A .S.B .R . Hughes, Pte. R., Blaenau Festinog, M .H .H .R . James, Pte. A., Spalding, 51st Gordon Highlanders. Larkin, Pte. C. V., Scarborough Y.M .C.A., M .H .H .R . Lowe, Pte. H., Crompton, M .H .H .R . Mayoh, Pte. F., Adlington, R .N .A .S.B.R. McClymont, Pte. C., Cardiff, M ..H .H .R . McDonald, Pte. F., Bolton, R.N .A .S.B .R . McGarrigle, Pte. G., Territorial Branch, M .H .H .R . Newman, Pte. A. J., Keighley “ A,,’ 1/9 K ing’s Liverpool. Pilkington, Pte. R., Bolton, M .H .H .R . Rogerson, Pte. A., North Manchester, M .H .H .R . Seed, Pte. J., Bolton, M .H .H .R . Shakespear, Sergt. E., Doe H ill, 13th Grenadier Guards. Taylor, Pte. A., Hulme, M .H .H ,R . Travis, Pte. G. F., Oldham, M .H .H .R . Williams, Pte. G.. Treherbert, M .H .H .R . Wilson, Lance Corpl. S., Ravensthorpe, 15th West Yorks. Winfield, Pte. J., Denaby Main, M .H .H .R .

A s H o n o ra ry S erv in g B ro th e rs :

Ernest George Allen. George Charles W ells. H arry Rayner Catt. A s H onora ry S erv in g Sisters :

Kathleen Josephine, Mrs. Shanks. Nora Grace, M iss Dillon. Clara, Mrs. Swallow. Lynda Ethel, M iss Irwin. Bridget Mary, M iss Slevin. Marguerite Katherine, M iss Disraeli. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H onorary A ssociates :

Lieut.-Colonel E ric Felton Falkner, D.S.O. Doctor (M iss) Anne Louise M cllroy, M .D., D.Sc. Malcolm Dillon. Henry W illiam Martyn Strover, M.B.. Ch.B. James Chalmers, M.B., C.M. Robert Stuart, M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P . Henry Adamson Fielden, M .D., B.S. George Robert Harland, L.R .C .P . Ma>or John Curtis Webb, M .B., B.C., M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P . A s D o n a t : (B ro n ze Badge).

Captain Francis Colby. A H o m e N ursing class w ill start at the C h u rch House, Barnet, on W ednesday, February 5th, at 2.30 p.m. T h e secretary of the class is M iss B. H . W eber, H a d le y Bourne, Barnet, H e rts ; lecturer, D r. J. M . Carvell.

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— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. —

S u c c e s s f u l C a n d id a t e s

fo r

B lu e

S t r ip e

A m b u la n c e

January, i 9 i 9

F e a tu r e s .

E x a m in a t io n . D o r s e t .— A ustice F. Harvey, R. Sneyd-Kynnersley, Annie Keats, Penelope Todd, Louisa Purchase, Elizabeth Bown, M illicent Nix, Lady Lilian Digby, A. L. Martin, Miss Sands, Kathleen Pott, M ary Pullibank, Elizabeth Pullibank, E. Barclay, Catherine Stay, Mrs. Evelyn Hargreaves, Mrs. M ar jorie Gallop, Barbara Rawson, Louisa Holland, Mrs. Mary Hosmer, B. Howell, E. Blyth, V. Belgrave, M. Whitley-Baker, D. Chissell, Agnes Kent, M uriel Tait. S o m e r s e t .— M isses S. Hare, D. Gibbs, J. Woolcott, N. Forbes, L. Brameld, F. Hallett, E. L. Barber, H. Catley, H. Perkins, M. Harper, E. Gordon, Proctor, Danger, North, Nicholls, Elm an, Randolph, Teek, Langer, Mansfield, Shortland, F. Collins, E. Gibbons, Steele, Ellicott, C. W right, A. Coles, Mrs. Turner. Y o r k s h ir e , E .R .— Misses Gladys Runten, Agnes Lyen, Doris Brighouse, M ildred Dobson, Monica Foord, Helena Braithwaite, M uriel Gestick, Ethel Askew, Gladys Dobson, Gladys Sjonehouse, Mabel Ayre, Ruth H all, E. G. Swaine, Phyllis Benthem, Noel Hildyard, Katharine Dobson, M. Stuart, E. Bradley, Mrs. S. A. Beal, Mrs. E. Harvey. Y o r k s h ir e N .R .— Misses Irene Mott, Moss, Thompson A. Imeson, N. Kirby, D. Sill, D. Binns, E. Kay, W. Redgers, E. Turner, K. Chester, E . Haw, E. Murray, Gardner, W inch, W ilson, Pease, Mrs. Bateman, Mrs. Talbot, Mrs. Austen, Mrs. Eaton, Hon. S. Fitzroy. B e r k s h ir e .— M isses Avice Barnett, Clare Bartholomew, Marion Betts, Gertrude Boyle, Helen Forster, Annie Haslam, Id a Heaton, Dorothy Hermes, Nancy Hichens, Ida Holmes, E m ily Worster, Beatrice Jenkins, Bessie Watts, Noel Lacy, H ilda Lillingston, Em ily Low, Gertrude Rowsell, Monica St. Quintin, Dorothy Salmon, Yorke Scarlett, Kathleen Stanford, Mary Frances W ing, Mrs. Adela Cook, Mrs. Ethel Jay, Mrs. Ellen Moody, Mrs. Palmer. M o n m o u t h s h ir e .— M isses Olive Reese, Lily Jackson. D e r b y s h ir e .— M isses S. Turner, V. Rowney, S. Hey, V. Smart, S. Moon, M. Coupland, H. Hewitt, B. Sutherland, E. Kirby, Mrs. C. N. S. Smiley, Mrs. K. Bonham-Carter, Mrs. R. O. Arkwright, Mrs. Haddon, Mrs. M. Gamble. M id d l e s e x .— C. Cranmer, E. M. W icking, M. Berkeley, M. E llis, H. E. Riggs, B. Sherriff, E. Callard, F. Whitehead, G. Hern, A. M. M cLaren, A. Stansbery, N. K. Berrill, N. McGlashan, M. Gray, N. Anthony. E. G. Harper, N. Clayton, G. James, L. Wakefield. E. Attwell, Anderson, L. A. Boylett, I. M. Crook, E Jeffrey, L. Kettle, M. F. Lovell, K. S. Proctor, R. Bell-Hughes, D. Knox, D. Matthews, M. L. Hodges, F. Monkhouse, N. Higgins, T. G. Fowle, E. A. Fisher, V. W. Landown, I. M. Rand, A. N. Menzies, J. Hearn, A. Templeman, E. M. Dobito, M. Workman. G l a m o r g a n s h ir e .— M isses Kathleen E.Thom as, Frances Morris, M ary Ann Jenkins, Atta Booker, Dulcie Booker, Ethel Booker, Marion Jones, Irene Powell, M ary Bloomer, Violet Gaman, Dorothy Hawken. M ary Vaux, Ethel Cann, Margaret Reid, Jessie Holmes, Eudora Samuel, Mrs. Jones, Mrs. M or gan. H e r e f o r d s h ir e .— M isses Joyce Croft, M uriel Haines, M. Hatton, Diana Hopton, D. M. L. King-King, S. G. Knapp, H. Ramage, E. Starey. ( To be concluded.)

A course of F irst A id lectures will commence on F eb ruary 5th at 6 p.m. at St. Jo h n ’s Gate, Clerkenw ell. The fee for the course will be 4s., in cluding examination, and application should be made to the honorary secretary of the class, Mr. F. Pearce, St. Jo h n ’s Gate, Clerkenw ell, E .C . 1. A course of Hom e N ursing lectures is also being arranged, but no definite date has yet been fixed.

A s h o r t account of the work done by A m bulance Officer H anm er during the past year may be of interest to our readers. There can be no doubt that these lectures and demon strations with exhibitions of the F irst A id F ilm of the St. Joh n A m bulance Association have been of the greatest use in bringing before the p ub lic the necessity of possessing a knowledge of first a id ; nor is this the only result of Mr. H anm er’s tour all over England, for many ambulance workers and first aiders have had an opportunity of witness ing practical demonstrations which show them how their knowledge of first aid may be utilised when opportunity offers in cases of emergency. V ery many letters appreciative of M r. H a n m e r’s work have been sent by those who witnessed these displays, and, in addition, in most cases the profits resulting from his visits to towns have enabled promoters to forward dona tions either for “ O ur D ay ” or for the rebuilding of the St. John A m bulance Brigade H ospital, or at any rate for use in the carrying on of their own am bulance work. It is hoped and anticipated that these lectures will meet with equal success this year.

L e c tu re

D e m o n s t r a t io n s .

demonstrations of peculiar.interest to ambulance workers w ill be given at the Caxton H a ll, Caxton-street, Westm inster (close to St. Jam es’ Park Station) on Tuesday, the 28th and W ednesday the 29th January, 1819, at 8 p.m., by Am bulance Officer C . H anm er. T h e chair will be taken on Tuesday by S ir W illiam Bennett, K C .V .O ’, F .R .C .S , Surgeon-in-Chief to the St. Jo h n A m bulance Brigade. T h e programme will be :— Part I. Nature as a F irst A id e r : a lantern lecture written by W illiam R . Edwards, O .B .E ., Secretary of the Order of St. John. In this lecture are explained firstly N ature’s equipment for the preservation of our bodies, whether by prevention, warnings of danger or remedies for damage actually done, and, secondly, how the first aider can best assist Nature in her efforts. N ature’s first aid apparatus is described, and the way in w hich she uses it in the repair of fractured bones, stopping bleeding, building up tissues, waging war on her attackers and in regulating the temperature of the body is sim ply explained. Several X -R a y pictures are shown, while many of the slides are of exceptional artistic merit. Part I I . A display of practical first aid. M r. Hanmer does not confine him self to text-book methods of working, but introduces novel variations w hich have proved their practical worth. Jiach item is introduced in the form of a mental tableau, and the demonstrator has so selected and arranged them that the incidents w ill appeal to all. On W ednesday the chair will be taken by the R t. Hon. E ve lyn Cecil, M .P ., Secretary-General of the Order. T h e programme w ill be :— Part I. Life-saving : a popular first aid lantern-lecture — demonstration illustrated by a splendid collection of slides, which cover the whole teaching of Lthe Official Text-Book. ^ e c tu re

January, 1919

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N C E G A ZETTE. —

T h e pictures, which have taken the lecturer eighteen years to prepare, show accidents of every description and their treatment. T h e collection of botanical studies used to illustrate the poison section is of real artistic merit, while the interest of this part of the demonstration is enhanced by an ingenious electrical contrivance showing how acids neutralise alkalies and vice versa. Part I I . T h e Official F irst A id F ilm of the Order. Part I I I . “ T h e B ody’s deadly foes.” A superb ex ample of micro-kinematography illustrating the circulation of the blood and the effect of alcohol and other [drugs upon it. T h e deadly effects of bacteria fn the blood are also vividly shown. Part IV . “ W hy everyone should have a knowledge of first aid.” A lecturette, illustrated by lantern slides. Tickets, to be obtained from the Secretary of the Order of St. John, St. Jo h n ’s Gate, Clerkenw ell, E .C . 1, 5s., 2s. 6d. and is. for each night. E arly application is desir able, as the accommodation o f the H a ll is limited. T h e proceeds will be devoted to the F u n d for the Restoration and M aintenance of the B ritish O phthalm ic H ospital at Jerusalem . Doors open at 7.30 p.m .; com mence at 8 p.m.

F ir s t

A id

J o t t in g s .

T h o se who like to know “ the reason w h y ” may have wondered why, when m aking pressure on the subclavian artery, it is best to depress the shoulder and cause the patient to incline his. head towards the side to be attended to. T h e answer, which can well be seen in the lookingglass, is that depressing the shoulder lowers the collar-bone, which, as we know, passes over the subclavian artery, and inclining the head relaxes the large muscle at the side of the neck and forces back the sm aller ones behind it, thus enabling the thum b to be placed in the deep hollow formed behind the collar-bone, right on to the artery, which in the case of a thin subject may distinctly be felt pulsating.

I m p r o v is e d T o u r n iq u e t .— T he following method (based on the principle of the St. Jo h n tourniquet) of applying a pad and bandage on a pressure point, which differs from that described in the textbook, may sometimes prove advantageous. 1. W rap a stone in the centre of a narrow bandage and apply it to the pressure point. 2. Pass the bandage twice round the lim b, tie a half knot, insert twister and over it tie a reef knot. 3. Tighten the bandage and secure the twister. As compared with the ordinary method, this plan makes the pressure on the main artery more direct and does not so fully compress the sm aller blood-vessels over which the bandage passes. * * * C r e p it u s .— A t an ambulance com petition the other day the judge was rather startled by the discharge of a battery of questions by a member of a team, not the least surprising of which was “ Is there any crepitus ?” T h e question was absolutely futile, because the team was actually engaged in treating, quite correctly, both legs which, in view of the history and signs already discovered, were almost certainly fractured. Furtherm ore, the patient was insensible and was keeping perfectly still.

How did the competitor expect the judge to know

103

whether there was crepitus or not ? T h e latter would have been quite justified in saying : “ Y o u are looking for crepitus, notwithstanding the fact that you are distinctly told that it is a doctor’s business and not yours to do th is ; and it can only be presumed that in your search you either know that you have so carelessly handled the lim b as to make bony grating audible or that you have deliberately m ishandled the lim b out of curiosity.” In either case, he deserves, and should receive, negative marks sufficient to rob his team of any chance of the prize. U n d er the prevalent system of m arking competitors for exam ining a patient whose disabilities are not in the first instance disclosed, a tendency has arisen to fire off in n u m erable questions and to make an exam ination which could well be left to a more opportune moment in the hope of securing a few marks by “ e lim in a tin g ” all possible injuries. W ith a capable judge the effect is not quite that anticipated, as the competitor is not only credited with the exam ination which he makes consistently with his duty as a first aider but is debited as an interferer in respect of all points in which he goes beyond his province.

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m it t e e to C o u n t y D ir e c to r s. D e a r S ir , I s e n d you the following for your in fo rm atio n :— Please note that on and after January 1st, 1919, the address of my office and of the Central Jo in t V .A D. C o m mittee will be Room 2 7 instead o f 3 1 ; the new office is at the other end of the landing. A s a tribute to the splendid service w hich has been rendered by V .A .D . members during the war, a training and scholarship scheme drawn up by Lady A m p th ill has been approved by the Central Jo in t V .A .D . Committee. A pplications from members w orking in the counties will only be received through their Com m andants and County Directors, those working in m ilitary hospitals will apply through the M atron-in-C hief and those under the Joint Com m ission abroad, through the principal Com m andants and Com m issioners. F u ll details and particulars w ill be sent to you early in the year for circulation to your members. I am requested by the W ar Office to inform you at once that no more G eneral Service members should be enrolled for M ilitary Hospitals. W ill you please instruct your Reserve and other Com m andants to this effect without delay. T h e Secretary of the Fin an ce Com m ittee asks me to say that the forms of L iq u id a tio n A cco unt for A u xilia ry H ospitals, together with instructions as to their use, are now ready, and a parcel containing a num ber of blank and specimen forms w ill be forwarded to you during the course of the next day or two. W ill you please have these forms distributed amongst your hospitals as early as possible. Y ours faithfully, C h ils t o n , C h ie f County D irecto r

A course of H o m e N ursing lectures w ill be given at 37, Church-crescent, M usw ell H ill, N. 10, on the 17th inst. at 8 p.m. A pplication for m em bership should be made to M iss W ilk ie at St. Jo h n ’s Gate.

104

— FIR ST A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE — V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y of W o r k fo r

S t. John

A m b u la n c e

January, ly i 9

H o s p it a l

S o u th

D e c e m b e r.

port.

T h e Sum m ary of work from the V .A .D . Department, D evonshire House, for the month of Decem ber, as may be expected, is a very brief one. A marked decrease is shown in figures, both with regard to the num ber of members who have been posted and the num ber of requisitions which have been received. M il it a r y a n d N a v a l D e p a r t m e n t . Five hundred and forty-tour nursing members have been appointed to naval and m ilitary hospitals during the month, while requisitions num bering 274 have been received. T h e dem and for nursing members has not been quite so great, which may partly be attributed to the dem obilisation of the A m erican hospitals. These hospitals will, therefore, no longer require the services of our members. A point of great interest from this Department is the mention of 56 nursing members in Sir Douglas H a ig ’s D ispatch of Novem ber 8th, for valuable services rendered with the B ritish E xpeditionary Force. T h e Jo in t Com m ittee reports the posting of 39 mem bers, including io drivers, to France, Italy, M alta and H o llan d . A lso n G eneral Service D rivers to France. D uring the month 61 Joint Comm ittee M em bers have returned home on the termination of th tir contracts. A u x il ia r y H o s p it a l s . R equisitio ns during Decem ber received by the A u x iliary H o spital Department numbered 72, requisitioning a total of 90 members. Seventy-four members out of the latter figure were posted from Devonshire H ouse com pris ing all the requisitions returned from County Directors, to whom, as usual, they were referred in the first instance. Contracts were renewed by 72 members. T h e W elfa re D epartm ent. T h e above Departm ent reports the closing of A rdington House, Wantage, Berks, one of our Convalescent H om es, at which members have been received since M arch, 1918. T h is has been necessitated owing to the fact that Ardington H ouse was found an unsuitable place for a winter Convalescent Hom e. Another house has, however, been opened instead at Hartsleap, Sandhurst, Berks. Tw elve members have been received at the new H o m e since its opening on the 20th Decem ber, 1918. D urin g Decem ber the W elfare Departm ent reports the treatment of 12 patients at M illb an k H ospital, 40 at Vincent-square, and one at St. George’s H ospital. O ur hospital at Nottingham -place has received 27 patients. G e n e r a l S e r v ic e . T h e Departm ent has been very busy throughout the month although the requisitions received have not been quite so num erous as formerly. A considerable num ber of members whose contracts have terminated in France have reported at this office, and have either been granted their discharge or, if they ex pressed a desire to continue in the Service, have been transferred to H om e Service to be posted, as far as possible to H o m e Hospitals. At the same time it is gratifying to learn from France that a large num ber of members whose 12 months contracts expired this month have signed on for duration. A few members of our Salonika U n it have returned during the month owing to ill-health, but on the whole their health has been excellent, and those who have re ported here have been fu ll of regrets at having been cbliged to leave.

T h e 3rd annual report of Dr. Bentall, m edical officer of the hospital for the third year— Novem ber 1st, 1917 to Novem ber 1st, 1918— shows that the work has been car ried on with increasing efficiency in this the largest volun tary hospital in Great Britain. Last year 29 am bulance trains came to Southport compared with 2*1 the previous y e a r; and the num ber of patients admitted to the Grange and W oodlands H ospitals was 2,458, 11 straight from the front..............almost entirely cot cases of a severe type, against 2,161 the previous year ; yet so successful was the m edical service— a fine tribute to doctors and nurses— that only eight deaths occurred, a percentage of 0 32 only, or one death in 320 cases; a re duction of mortality by one-half on last year and two-thirds on the first y e a r; in the first year the hospital lost by death 1 in 10 0 ; in the second year 1 in 290 ; in the third year 1 in 300. W hat higher praise could the doctors and nurses have than these eloquent figures— achieved, moreover, in face of “ a severe epidem ic ” which depleted the already “ overworked ” m edical staff. T n e Southport St. Joh n Transport d*scharged all the transport for the hospital since the comm ncem ent of the woik. D uring the year three more am bulance cars have been provided, m aking a fleet of to — in addition to private cars ; there were 29 as against 21 convoys dur ing the year ; and such efficiency has been achieved by the am bulance workers at the station, “ largely men from the V u lcan and W hiteside’s M otor W orks,” that “ during the last convoys a full train of stretcher cases, num bering about 120, has usually been unloaded 50 minutes, giving an average of 25 seconds per man.” T h e report also records the im portant work of the V olunteer Guards, returns thanks to the proprietors of the local entertainment houses for facilities for recreation afforded to the men, and to the clergy and choirs who have inspired the Sunday services; and finally adds : “ The m arked success of all our efforts would never have been so great but for the hearty co-operation at all times of the local press.” Dr. Bentall pays the highest tribute to the V .A .D s., of whom there were 400 and 23 professional nurses. D u r ing the year ,£ 8 ,8 5 0 is s .s d . was subscribed for the m ain tenance of the hospital.

A pplicants for the Dem onstrator’s Certificate exam ina tion in M arch should send in their names, numbers of medallions, etc., together with the fee, not later than Feb ruary 21st, in order that suitable arrangements may be made. Continuous classes in F irst A id and H om e N ursing are being run at 41, Tothill-street, Westminster, on Thursday evenings at 7 p.m. A pplication for adm ission should be made to the honorary secretary, M iss E . Fraser Baddeley, 87, Cadogan-gardens, S.W . W h e n c o rr e s p o n d in g w it h A d v e r t is e r s p le a se m en tio n “ F ir s t A id ”

January, 1919.

— FIRST

CONTENTS

THIS

many, and it is un like ly that most of them w ill be of reaj use by the time they pass out of com m ission.

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l —

***

Organisation of the Brigade D is t r ic t

R epo rts—

No. 1 ; No. 2 ; No. No. 1 1 ; No. 1 2

; No.

...

T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e

G a zette—

Official Brigade News ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England Successful Candidates for Blue Stripe Examination Ambulance Features Lecture Demonstrations First Aid Jottings ... ... .................. General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors V.A.D. Summary of W ork for December ... St. John Ambulance Hospital, Southport ... brevities ... Some Criticism and Suggestions on First Aid Competi tion Presentation to the County Director of Leicestershire ... Q u e r ie s

a n d

A n sw ers

AID. —

10 0

10 1 10 2 10 2 10 2 10 3

10 3 I0 4 10 4 10 5

10 6 10 7

C o r r espo n d en ts—

Artificial Respiration Burns and Scalds Tincture of Iodine Severe Abrasion of Face Swelling of Tissues of Throat Buried in Lime ... Treatment of Insensibility Ambulance Rooms and Outfits Artificial Respiration

I0 8 I0 8 I0 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8

I IO

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s —

Dangers of First Aid The Vagaries of First Aid

110

B r e v it ie s . T h e Joint W ar Committee of the B ritish R e d Cross Society and the Order of St. Joh n have under consideration, as part of the general work of dem obilisating their R ed Cross forces, a scheme for using their motor am bulance in the service of the sick and injured throughout the country. The scheme w ill probably provide for the return of the cars to the districts from which they were originally pre sented, and their use in association with the hospitals for the benefit of the civil population. It is anticipated that some form of central control will be established to ensure that the cars w ill be properly maintained and employed to the best public advantage.

T here are about 3,000 R e d Cross am bulances and a very large num ber at home, and the majority will gradually become available for peace-time The R ed Cross lorries for the transport of stores

abroad, of these service. are not

A s a tribute to the splendid service which has been given by V .A .D . members during the war, a Sch olarship scheme has been approved by the C entral Jo in t V .A .D . Committee, by which it is hoped that training may be given to members after dem obilisation, in the different branches of health and welfare work. T n e F in an ce Com m ittee of the Jo in t W ar Com m ittee has decided to grant a sum of money for this purpose. W e know that there are many women who gave up their work or their training to meet the dem and for V .A .D . service, and we therefore hope that those members, both whole and part time, who fulfil the necessary conditions, w ill avail themselves of this scheme, as their experience should be a valuable foundation for any such work. Inform ation w ill shortly be circulated to V .A .D . members.

V A s a memorial to the work of the R e d Cross during the war, the G loucestershire B ranch of the R e d Cross Society propose to add to the equipm ent of one of the V .A .D . hospitals in the county (subject to satisfactory arrangements being made with the owner), m aking it as complete as possible for tne treatment of tuberculosis, and to offer it as it stands to the County C o uneil, if funds w ill allow, with the rent paid for several years, as a tuberculosis institution. T h e only conditions asked for are :— T h at an extended scheme for the treatment of tuberculosis in the county on a large scale, and already drafted, be proceeded with im m edi ately. T h e ex-soldiers and ex-sailors have priority in treatm ent; and T h at the county branch of the B ritish R ed Cross Society have the nom ination of no fewer than two members of the committee of management of the general scheme. I t was stated at a meeting that the branch has a surplus of between ,£ 9,0 00 and ,£ 10 ,0 0 0 , after setting aside a sum for dilapidations. * * *

T h e R ed Cross Pearls sold at C h ristie ’s last month realised a sum of ,£85,00 0. In addition to this sum, donations in cash am ounted to ,£ 8 ,5 0 0 . * * * W e understand that the Brigade authorities have under consideration the proposal to establish a S .J.A .B . Benevo lent Fund. At the moment we are not in a position to give particulars of this proposal, but some such scheme, we feel sure, would meet with warm approval in the Brigade. We also hear that the Brigade R egulations are under revision.

106 om e

— F I R S T

C r it ic is m a n d S u g g e s t io n s F i r s t A id C o m p e t it io n s .

B y F. J. A N D E R S O N {Sub Inspector o f Sp ecia l Constabulary F ir s t A id D iv isio n ).

C o m p e t it io n s must certainly be regarded as an essential part of the training and study of first aid work to-day. T h e ir object is not only to determine the actual merit and sk ill of competitors when compared against each other, but also to test their in d ivid ual knowledge and capability of dealing with cases under certain conditions and emergencies. Com petitions have also this value, viz., that they in duce practice and discussions by the teams who take part in them, and they are, therefore, a most useful and inter esting form of study. Prospective competitors should always spend some time in endeavouring to frame original tests for themselves, and then go carefully through the various treatments as suggested by the other members. In my hum ble opinion every competition should be judged by two judges and a referee, as it seems to be absolutely essential in m aking com parisons of team or in d ivid u al work that not only shall the tests and cases be identical , and presented in identically the same way, but that the marks shall be given upon a pre-arranged basis and upon some set rule. T o o frequently, owing to a certain want of rules or slackness of rules, and the system of allotting marks, in justice is unwittingly done, with the unfortunate result that some competitors become discouraged. M y in d ivid u al experience may of course be singular, but I can truthfully say that I have seldom attended a first aid competition, either as an onlooker or as a competitor, when, if there had been a referee, he might not have been appealed to when the in dividual marks were given out. I must here say that usually the f i n a l result has not been open to question. Indeed, first aiders show the true sport ing spirit, and I have never yet heard a public protest made against the judge’s verdict. T h e fact remains that, unlike any other sort of com petition, too m uch is left to the in d ivid u al discretion of the judge. I cannot find that there are any very definite rules— judges are but human, and, particularly when work ing single handed" fail to notice certain incidents, or forget, or do not hear, certain questions, and, therefore, marks are sometimes lost or wrongly credited. In a team test it is an im possibility for one man to carefully watch four competitors, note their various actions, answer questions, take note of bandages, etc., and allot marks. T h is should be the work o f two judges and a referee, who should make notes independently and after wards com pare and agree same. I am aware, of course, that this is sometimes done, but I contend it should be the rule. I would like to say here that any remark I make is not meant in the very slightest degree to cast any reflection upon the im partiality of those medical men who so un selfishly come forward and give their valuable time to the thankless task of judging ; I am sim ply of opinion that it is a practical im possibility for any man without more definite guiding rules, as regards allocating marks, to do so without laying him self open to criticism . I have noticed that certain judges are much impressed with and give high marks to the competitor who, when asked how he has treated a patient, reels off like a gramophone

AID. —

January, 1919.

the exact words of the textbook in their proper order. T h is custom may, of course, be defended, but I submit that very often the competitor who, owing to a study of cer tain “ tips ” and a good memory, scores to an undue extent over the man with real practical knowledge who, although he has actually treated his patient in a certain way, omits to give every detail of the treatment to the doctor in textbook form. T h e team which is lucky in having for No. 4 a man who memorises as well as visualises has a splendid advan tage. No. 4 must, as well as having practical knowledge, be possessed of what I call a “ photographic brain ” and imagination, supplemented by plenty of nerve, and if, added to this, he is a bit of an actor and well supported by his men, I ’ll back that team every time. T o be a successful team you must never forget that you are playing a part on a stage and without scenery, and this requires rehearsals, practice, and im agination of a high order. H o w often are marks dropped by neglecting to keep back an im aginary crowd, failing to remove supposed cause, such as a live wire, a motor car or a piece of orange peel ? A common mistake, entailing heavy penalties, is treating the wrong leg or arm. In an actual case it is high ly im probable that such ordinary precautions could be neglected or that such obvious mistakes should be made. I will give some instances to illustrate my arguments. T h e scene of our test was supposed to be a pond— a sm all mattress did duty for the pond— and a man was dis covered lying face downwards on it. O f the three teams competing all fell into the same trap, and ignored after a while that the mattress was a pond ; men knelt on it (no doubt to save their knees) whilst applying artificial respira tion, etc., and they seemed puzzled by the roar of laughter from the onlookers. One man, before com m encing his work, carefully removed his overcoat and placed it in the m iddle of the supposed pond until it was required to cover up the patient, when the judge, to the com petitor’s confusion, pointed out that a soaking wet overcoat would not be of m uch use against shock. In a recent case, the scene was set as during an air raid and at 10 yards from the Ham pstead T ub e Station. None of the teams visualised the nearness of such an im portant sh e lte r; all teams decided to take the patient to the Ham pstead General H ospital, although the dropping of bombs was expected any minute. I subm it that in reality self-preservation would have dictated the proper course to adopt. A s an instance of the im portance of having more than one judge, the following is an illustration. In an in d ividual test a man is supposed to be dis covered at the foot of a ladder in a dining-room, having fallen whilst m ending a blind. H e has a sim ple fracture of the tibia. T h e card of instruction read “ Treat this case with one triangular bandage only.” T h e competitor enquired of the judge if he might use his handkerchief as a supplement, or the lath of the blind, or give the patient a drin k of water. H e was very em phatically referred to the card and told he could use one triangular bandage only. W hen marks came to be allotted, he found he was penalised and lost marks “ for not having treated the patient for shock by covering him up with his coat or something.” T h e competitor had realised the difficulty o f treatment for shock without material, but after his various enquiries and the judge’s in variable reply— “ read your card,” did not dare to use any thing but the bandage. I contend that to set such a case expressed in such a

January, 1919]

—FIRST

way was misleading, and it was certainly strange to give extra marks to another com petitor who covered up the patient with a tablecloth after the express notice upon the card. H a d the card read *• F o r the treatm ent o f the fracture one bandage only must be used,” then, of course, it would have been quite correct to penalise the com petitor who had not carried out one of the first principles of first aid and treated for shock. One more incident in support of the difficulty that competitors find in understanding the basis upon which marks are given. T h e test for three teams was “ four patients discovered in the street during the progress of an air raid, all more or less seriously injured or suffering from shock.” None of the teams visualised the scene ; the result was they did not behave as they certainly would during an air raid, but calm ly went about treating the patients according to text book. T h e leader of one team finding fo u r cases to be attended to at one time, whilst being constantly reminded by the judge that “ there was an air raid in the vicin ity,” lost his temper and withdrew his team, leaving four victim s in the street half attended to. You may think, as most onlookers did, that a regretable incident such as that would mean absolute disqualifi cation. On the contrary, the treatment of the four patients up to the time the team left the scene apparently earned them certain marks, and they were awarded second place. These are just [some incidents which must be my excuse for advocating that a more definite set o ft rules governing com petitions should be framed and published by the St. Joh n A m bulance Association. Now for a few other suggestions. I am of opinion that in a team test the patient should not be a member of the team, for obvious reasons. The patient should be rehearsed in the part he has to play, and sometimes indeed the use of a little grease paint, chalk, etc., would be of assistance to bring more realistically be fore the competitors the position of wounds and bruises and the history of the case. W hen a member of the team is sent by the leader to despatch a telephone message for a doctor, or to procure means of transport or hot water, blankets, etc., he should at once be told the time he must remain out of the com peti tion. M any judges are far too lenient on this point, and you will find a man has, presumably, gone 500 yards, got a kettle of hot water, etc., and is back again in three or four minutes. W e are told in our textbooks and lectures that “ a case of fracture must be treated on the spot,” yet in actual prac tice if a man is run over in a crowded street, the M etropoli tan police, trained as some are as first-aiders, w i ll not hold up the traffic, say, in Fleet-street while a man with a broken leg is being given first aid. T h e patient is invariably re moved to the side walk, with great precaution of course, and with the least possible r is k ; but the traffic is not held up even for ten minutes. A ll the same you will lose marks in a competition if you act as you really have to act in such a case. A t the conclusion o f a com petition it is the practice of some judges to review the manner in which the various cases have been treated, pointing out the merits of certain competitors and the faults o f others. T h is, of course, is extremely interesting and valuable from the educational point of view, but I contend that this criticism should be made to the competing teams in private and not before a mixed audience. In F irst A id we are told to be “ observant.” W ell, you

107

AID. —

must all have observed that some men have thinner skins than others, and sometimes a man very much resents is being told in public that he has in fact made a silly fool o f himself. H e very likely has found this out for him self long before this stage of the proceedings has been reached. T o my certain knowledge this matter has discouraged men from joining a team. I feel that a hum ble student of first aid like m yself is perhaps not quite justified in m aking such criticism s and suggestions as I have dared to d o ; my apology must be that by so doing I hope to arouse some interest in what is undoubtedly a very important part of the study of First A id. [Perhaps other of our readers w ill give us their views and suggestions on this subject.— E d .]

P r e s e n t a t io n to th e C o u n t y D ir e c t o r of L e ic e s te r s h ir e . A v e r y interesting cerem ony took place at a D in n er given by the V olunteer D rivers o f the V .A .D . Transport Service, at the R oyal H otel, Leicester, on D ecem ber 20th, at w hich M r. A. W. Faire, the County Director, was the principal guest. Captain C. M. Serjeanston, O .B .E ., Secretary of the Leicestershire T e rrito ria l Association was in the chair, and Colonel L. K . H arrison, R .A .M .C ., C.O . of the Northern General H ospital, Leicester, presented M r. F a ire with a very handsome jew elled badge of the O rder of St. Joh n, accom panied by a H isto ry of the Order, bearing the following inscription :— “ T h is book, with a Jew elled Badge of the O rder of St. John, is presented to A rthu r W. Faire, Esq., D .L , J.P ., County D irector, by the M em bers of the V oluntary A id Detachm ents and A u xilia ry H o spitals in the Tow n and County as a token of esteem and appreciation of his ser vices in the Great W ar 1914-1919.” C olonel H arrison , in m aking the presentation, gave a short resume of the history of the O rder from its inception to the present day, expressing the great pleasure it gave him to make the presentation and speaking in highest praise of the work accom plished and the success achieved by the organisation of which M r. Faire is the head. M r. Faire in acknowledging the gift, spoke in high praise of the help he had received from the M em bers of the Organisation and from the Staff of the 5th Northern G eneral H ospital. H e expressed his deep gratitude for the loyalty with w hich they had supported him, and stated that the perform ance of his duties as County D irector had always given him the greatest pleasure. M ajor H enry, R .A .M .C ., Registrar of the 5th Northern H o spital, in proposing the toast of the V .A .D ., said that in his opinion and also in the opinion of C o lo n el H a rris, the work of the V .A .D . in Leicester and C ounty was second to none in the country. H e particularly mentioned the N ursing M em bers and G eneral Service M em bers em ployed at the 5th Northern G eneral H o s p ita l; he also said the Transport Service was of a model character and could not be excelled anywhere. A t the close of the proceedings M r. F aire proposed the health of the V oluntary Drivers, thanking them for their hospitality, and for the great service they had ren dered at all times in the transport of the wounded. By invitation of the V o lun tary D rivers, the C o m mandant of Quartermaster of each Detachm ent or A uxiliary H o spital in the county was present at the D inner.

io8

Queries and jinswers Correspondents.

— FIRST

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following ru es :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Q uery" and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-streel, London, E .C . 3 .— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?.— The Textbook, to which reference may be made in ihise columns, is t he Revised ( ig if) Edition of S .J .A .A . Manual of First-Aid.

A r t i f i c i a l R e s p ir a t io n . W. W . (Kentish Town).-— W ith reference to the new instruc tions in Textbook for artificial respiration (1), W hy do the Royal Humane Society men rely on the Silvester method only? and (2) W hat is the meaning of “ signs of conges tion in patient’s face,” which is now the indication for change of method ? (i.)'S u cce ss with one method does not in itself prove infficiency of another, though it may demonstrate greater efficiency with this method. I f your statement of facts are correct, then it is open to question whether or no the R .H .S. men would not obtain the desired results sooner with Schafer’s method. (2.) As for the new instructions, the alternation of methods (Schafer followed by Silvester) now suggested does not com mend itself to me as routine treatment because of the change in position of patient and of the time spent in loosening clothes, arranging pad, &c., before Silvester can be adopted. Under these circumstances, 1 decided to obtain Professor Sir E. A. Schafer’s opinion, and herewith I give you his reply to my letter : — “ Signs o f Congestion.— W hat may this mean ? Return of circulation ? I f so, the method which produces it ought to be continued. Anyhow, the passage to the supine posi- ■ tion and the reversion to the inadequate Silvester method would probably prove fatal.” The fact remains that much will depend on the special surroundings of the case under treatment ; and that in view of this fact you must exercise your resourcefulness and discrim ina tion in your choice of methods.— N. C o rb e t F le t c h e r . B u r n s a n d Sc a ld s . H . W . (K irkstall) says that the valuable assistance retailed month by month in these columns is so freely given that he is encouraged to seek for more information as occasion arises, and asks— 1. Is boiled water always a safe and reliable neutraliser for acids and alkalies ? 2. Is dilute Carbolic Acid a proper remedy for alkali burns ? 3. Is the statement in A id s to F ir s t A i d (p. 31) that scalds are due to “ dry heat” a printer’s error? Many thanks for your appreciative remarks. Though the profit may be yours, yet the pleasure is mine ! 1. To neutralise means to make neuter,” i.e., neither acid nor alkali. W ater cannot do this ; but, since it is the best sol vent we possess, it serves this purpose while it also dilutes the poison, be this acid or alkali. Further, if it is boiled, then it will be germ-free, and for these reasons boiled water is always safe and reliable as a dissolving and d ilu tin g agent, 2. No. Carbolic A cid is not “ strongly acid ” and does not redden litmus paper. To neutralise an alkali burn, there fore, it is not as valuable as certain other acids, e.g., the lemon juiee (citric acid) or vinegar (acetic acid) of the Textbook. Further, First-Aiders can safely administer these acids intern ally, whereas they dare not give any solution, however weak,

AID. —

January, 1919.

of carbolic acid, which, though feebly acid, is not only an irrit ant and caustic, but also a most potent nerve poison, remark able for the grave degree and rapid onset of Collapse. 3. Yes. The proof reader was evidently not a First-Aider ! — N. C. F. T in c t u r e o f I o d in e . J. C.(Tufnel Park).— What does the Textbook (p. 83) mean by “ m ild ” Tincture of Iodine ? T his is the Tincture in common use and is so-called offi cially, to distinguish it from a stronger solution, formerly termed Liniment but now Strong Tincture of Iodine. —N .C.F. S e v e r e A b r a s io n s o f F a c e . M. F. (Barbican).— In the November issue you suggest spray ing severe abrasions of face with Tincture of Iodine. May I ask— (1) W ould not spraying with Iodine be dangerous to the eyes ? and (2) what is the best form of spray to use ? (1) Yes— if you use your spray carelessly and without thought for this danger. Otherwise you can avoid all such risks. (2) Practical experience proves that the ordinary scent (or throat) spray serves the purpose admirably.— N- C. F. S w e l l in g o f T is s u e s of T h r o a t . O. P. (Sydney, N .S.W .).— Surely the revised Textbook is at fault when it teaches us in treatment of this condition to lay the patient before the fire, On the contrary, the Textbook is correct because it dis cusses the condition under “ Insensibility.” If, however, the patient is fully conscious, then he will probably be m ore comfortable and better able to breathe, if placed sitting before the fire and wrapped in a blanket as taught in previous edi tions.— N. C. F. T r e a t m e n t o f I n s e n s ib il it y . M. C. (Finchley).— In the Textbook (p. 128) the objects in Treatment of Insensibility are given— (a) to ensure action of heart and lungs, and (b) i f possible to prevent stupor from deepening into coma. Is that “ if possible” a joke, and do the Committee of Revision regard “ (a )” as a cer tainty in treatment and “ (b)” a possibility? In any case, how on earth can a First-Aider prevent stupor from deep ening into coma ? Alright ; don’t get cross ! As a fact, this is a difference without a distinction which I cannot explain. When, however, you take steps to ensure action of heart and lungs “ if possible,” then you are already endeavouring to prevent stupor from deepinto coma— also “ if possible.”— N .C .F. B u r ie d in L im e . H. W . (K irkstall).— A boy tripped and fell into some lime with which he was smothered from head to foot. I brushed away the lime as much as possible, paying special attention to the face and eyes, and then gave vinegar and water in ternally and applied same externally. Finally, I placed two drops of olive olive oil in the eyes and gave a dessert spoonful of olive oil to drink. W as my treatment correct? Yes, except that on your statement, while it might have been necessary to wash out the mouth, I find no justification for internal administration of vinegar and oil.— N. C. F. A m b u l a n c e R ooms a n d O u t f it s . H. W . (K irk s ta ll):— W ith reference to the article on “ Use and Abuse of First-Aid Outfits ” published in issues of January and February, 1917, I wonder if you would kindly tabulate some rules and instructions for the benefits of those of us, who will be in charge of the ambulance rooms which, by reason of an Act of Parliament, will soon be established up and down the country. Alas 1 I fear you ask what is impossible, and I cannot see

—FIRST

January, 1919 A S K Y 0 U R

C H

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AID -

109

y k w tc d b , NURSES’ W EA R j j E R E are tw o ex* a m p le s o f V a lu e fro m th e N u r s e s ’ S e c tio n , w h e re H a rro d s s h o w a l a r g e s e le c t i o n o f e v e r y r e q u i s i t e fo r N u rse s’ w ea r.

Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid healing. For inflamed conditions IO D E X is ideal. T ry it. A ll good chemists stock it.

R E G U LA TIO N RED CRO8S APRON

(N .U . 166) in stout apron cloth, linen finish. Length 14, 36 and 38 in. Special price,

3s. 9 d . C A M B R IC

EEVES

button at wrist, elastic at elbow. Per pair, 1S . R EG U LA TIO N

REGULARLY R o ya l N a v y . Royal A rm y M ed ics C o rp s. B r itis h Red Cross S o c ie ty. C ro ix R ouge

F r a n c a is e ,

USED

CAP

Oblong shape, hemstitched border, pri~e

B Y :—

8 d. & is.

B e lg ia n F ie ld H o s p ita ls , F re n c h F ie ld h o s p ita ls , N u m e ro u s M ilit a r y H ospita ls, M e m b e rs of S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e .

The British R ed Cross Society R E G U LA TIO N COAT

(N .U . 17T) lined to waist Red Serge. Showerproof and shrunk. West of England Serge,

49s. N ap Cloth,

£3

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£4

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HARRODS LTD

Contractors to H .M . Government.

Food F o r in v a l id s

I n f a n t s , a n d th e

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U se d e x te n siv e ly in B ritish , Civil an d M ilitary hospitals, an d by th e R ed C ro ss S o cieties oi G re a t B rita in , th e over s e a D om inions, an d th e Allies. S o ld in tin s by C h em ists,etc . , everyw here BENGER’S

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15s.

N avy Garbardine,

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IVoodman Burbidge, M a n aging D irector

LONDON SW1

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t V a st modern factory resources, added to a century’ s experience, enables us to supply F irst A id and a ll other Services w ith uniform s and e q u ip m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d m aterials, w orkm anship and finish — at prices that challen ge com pari' son w ith an y other cloth in g of equal quality. Prices and Sam ples on request.

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and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M IL L E R S TR E E T, GLASGOW .

110

— FIRST

how one can tabulate the Principles and Rules of First-A id and Hom e-Nursing, since this combination will be necessary in running an ambulance room. W hat can be done in this direc tion has already been done in the article quoted, and I can only refer to the final instructions thereof— “ be Clean, N ea t and Precise ”— and all the details included under these key-words. — N. C. F. A r t i f i c i a l R e s p ir a t io n . H. G. (Finchley) :— I presume that the principal difference be tween the Schafer and Silvester Methods of Artificial Respiration is that Schafer attaches most importance to initial expiration, requires compression of loins and thus allows the elastic recoil of the muscles of chest and diaphragm to provide for inspiration, and for this reason gives about three seconds to the former and two seconds to the latter movement, whereas Silvester— attach ing more importance to inspiration— commences with a movement which in itself expands the chest cavity and is followed by compression of chest wall which causes expira tion, so that three seconds are allotted to the former and two to the latter movement. Am I right ? Y es— and on this account Professor Schafer claimed that his method was a more correct and efficient imitation of natural breathing.— N. C. F. “ F ir s t A id e r .”— W e regret we cannot answer your query. Awards are generally made on the recommendation of the County Directors.— E d . “ F. A.”

AID.—

January, 1919

The St. John Ambulance Association.

LIFE-SAVING. ;1 Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U LA N C E AND M IN E S R ES C U E M O VEM EN TS. These are so arranged that they can be given either in the largest Theatres or in the smallest Lecture H alls to suit the requirements of any District. A

L IF E S A V IN G . Popular First Aid Lecture.

Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the O fficia l F irs t A id F ilm .

The film is at present shown in licensed H alls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged.

[practical Joints.

R E S C U E W O R K IN MINES. A peep into the life of a Miner,

The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to gooa and bad toints in Treat7ncnt—for inclusion in this Column.

Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue W ork in Coal Mines.

D a n g e r s o f F ir s t -A id . On one occasion I witnessed a street fight which ended in a fractured jaw for one of the combatants. First aid being then clearly indicated, 1 stepped forward and was busily en gaged in controlling the fracture when a policeman— coming up, late as usual— caught me by the collar, slung me back into the crowd, and abused me roundly for interfering with the patient. Under the circumstances, 1 did not stop to argue but exercised my “ discrim ination” and moved off rapidly, con sidering that, as per Textbook (page 20), the “ Surroundings” indicated a “ possible source of danger ” toward myself.— H. F., Gospel Oak. V a g a r ie s o f F ir s t -A id . Following a collision between two motor cars in Trafalgar Square, I was called upon to treat a lady occupant of one car for a badly incised wound of the face which 1 dressed with two clean handkerchiefs supplied by the patient. In view of the risk of recurrent haemorrhage from the facial artery, I advised the lady to proceed at once in her car to hospital. When she demurred, 1 insisted. Ultimately and with difficulty I over came her objections by consenting to accompany her to the casualty ward of the hospital, where the wound was properly dressed. Imagine my consternation when I discovered later I had been laying down the law to, and treating, a lady doctor ! !— C. W ., Hampstead.

C o r r e c t io n .— W e stated in our last issue that M r. W. Johnson was the receipient of a presentation by members of the Cam m ell L a ird A m bulance Corps. W e are inform ed that M r. Jo h n so n ’s fellow workmen in the Y ard subscribed to this^presentation.

N A T U R E A S A F I R S T AIDER . Nature’ s methods and how to further them.

F irst Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. This lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiographs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject. THE

V E R D IC T ,

OR W H A T REVEALS.

THE

PRESS

An entirely new feature, showing in a series of tableaux how accidents could have been avoided or remedied. P R A C T I C A L F I R S T AID. Why everyone should have a knowledge of First Aid.

A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. S p e c i a l i n d u c e m e n t s a r e o f fe r e d to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

No entertainment tax is payable in respect of any of the above, provided that no music or other extraneous amusements are included in the proceedings. The lecturer carries the exemption certificate with him. Those desiring to take advantage of the facilities offered should write for a special brochure and application form to

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 205. Doneaster Road, Goldthorpe, Near Rotherham. Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.” --------------------------------------------------------------------------- J

January,

—FIRST

i f i g.

J .

A .

AID. —

Y L I E MAKERS

C O .,

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DESIGNS AND QUOTATIONS POST FREE.

SEND YO UR ENQUIRIES.

C o n tra c to r s to H .M . G o v e rn m e n t.

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Medals can be made up lighter to come out at a less price if desired. A n y oolour enam el d esired, b u t unless ordered o th erw ise m edals are s e n t o u t w ith enam elled ce ntre s. WHEN ORDERING, QUOTE NUM BER .

62,

H OLBO RN

V IA D U C T,

LONDON,

E.C.1

b la c k

—FIRST

112

January, 1919

AID. —

M ANUALS OF FIRST-AID, &e.,

By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C (Cantab), M.R.C.S A ID S

F IR S T -A ID .

Third Edition.

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First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

“ C ol. S i r J a m e s C a n t lie con tribu tes an in tro d u ctio n a n d w e endorse h is goto, opinion o f the book." —L a n c e t .

A ID S

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

Second Edition.

Price 7 d . , post free.

Home-Nursing Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

SEND

“ T h is book w o n d e rfu lly sim p lifie s a c o m p lex su b je ct a n d sh o u ld be r ea d by al. stu d e n ts.” — L. & N .W . Ry. G a z e t t e .

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WHY

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F iR S T -A ID .

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o r one Publication or m any, and w e will a rran g e for their insertion a t Office Rates, thu s s a v i n g you tim e and trouble.

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P O STAL IN S TR U C TIO N In 11 PRESCRIPTION R E A D IN G ” and “ ELEM ENTARY D ISP EN SIN G .”

Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member ox S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted tor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) Special terms now —half fees—to members of S.J.A.B., &c. Apply (stam p) to M r . J . E. W a l d e n , Sec., W estminster College (Lady Dispensers S « tio n of the W estminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874),

112, S t.

F IR S T

A ID

W it h C o lo u r e d D ia g r a m s .

HOME

N U R S IN G THE

A R E O F F E R E D BY T H E

COLLEGE,

3 3 5 , H i g h H o l b o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .1 .,

O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, Weights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors, Maternity and Child W elfare Workers, Dispensers, Relieving Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personal and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and First Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology. For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost.

A T> Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark , A . I > . Grey beaver cloth, 54s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 45s. — W rite for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

O R S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval. — Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

14 p p . F o l d e r .

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THE

TR IA N C U L A R

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I t s A p p l i c a t i o n A c c u r a t e l y D e s c r i b e d b y W o r d s a n d 116 D i a g r a m s . By H O W A R D M . P R E S T O N , D e m o n stra to r to th e Polytoekn ic. 116 I l l u s . P r ic e , I S n e t; p o s ta g e 2 d .

THE

ROLLER

BANDAGE.

B y th e Sam e A u t h o r . I t s A p p l i c a t i o n A c c u r a t e l y D e s c j b e d b y W o r d s a n d 162 D i a g r a m s . P r ic e , IS . n e t; p o s ta g e , 2d.

F IR S T -A ID T h ir te e n o n R o lle r . s e p a r a te ly , 2

A N A TO M IC A L

D IA G R A M S .

s. d.

P o s t fre e , 3 6 n e t. 5 , 6 a n d 14 (c o lo u r e d ),

No. 1 4 . - H U M A N B O D Y . - S H O W I N G P R E S S U R E P O IN TS . C o lo u r e d .

OPPORTUNITIES

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THE

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NOTES

P o s t f r e e 7d .

F IR S T

A ID

S IM P L IF IE D .

By Sidney H. Lamb. A H a n d b o o k in a t a b u l a t e d a n d s i m p l if ie d f o r m g i v i n g t h e m a in p o in t s in f ir s t a i d , s o a r r a n g e d a s t o im p r e s s t h e m o n t h e m e m o r y o f t h e s t u d e n t

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QUERY

a f ir s t A ID ” and R E P L I E S C O U P O N .

To be cut out and. enclosed w ith a l l Q ueries

J a n u a r y , 1919.

FIR ST AID AND THE -----

ST.

JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited by A R T H U R

No. 296.—

V ol.

F E B R U A R Y , 1919.

XXV.

N O T IC E

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be' accompanied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other bnsiness Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

C annon S tre e t,

\Entored a t Sta tioners' H al!.]

PRICE THREEPENCE ( 3/8

nnum

, P o st F ree

a training and scholarship scheme, to provide specialised

Its aim and object being the advancement o< Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers.

D A LE, REYNOLDS & CO.,

DALE.

W ith these ends in view La d y A m p th ill has initiated

READERS.

F IR S T A ID is published on the 2 0 th o l each m onth. The Annual Subscription is 3 s. 6d. post free j single copies 3d.

46,

training.

T h is scheme has been approved by the Jo in t

V .A .D . Committee, who have decided to contribute a sum of money for these scholarships and for training.

Some

60,000 members, who must have joined their detachments before January, 1917, have been circularised in order to obtain their views on the proposal. T h e scheme includes part time

workers— who are

qualified under its terms-— as well as those who have given full time, and the form sent out mentions the following kinds of work for which application for scholarships may be m a d e : M edicine,

nursing (m ilitary, naval and c i v i l ) ;

district nursing, village nursing, m idwives ; school nursing

L td ., London,

E.C. 4.

(elementary schools), nursery

nursing,

school

matrons,

physical culture, instructors of mental defectives,

Telegraphic Address: i i Twentv-four, London Telephone No. S 471 Bank.

phar

macists, X-ray assistants, dentistry, domestic science, in sti tutional cookery, sanitary inspectors, health visitors, welfare supervisors, hospital alm oners, and infant welfare workers.

EDITORIAL.

In each case the possible salaries and general conditions, the qualifications, and period of training are set out as a guide.

m e e t in g

was held this month

T h e age lim it is 20-40, and it is pointed out that

The Future of

Geneva of the A llie d R e d Cross to hear

certain scholarships require a high and definite standard of education.

the V . A . D ’ s .

the reports of the delegates who attended

In addition to the above scheme, we understand that

the Cannes conference. T h is meeting'decided that for the encouragement of the works of

and other kindred work, and the B rigade A uthorities are

peace, in full agreement with the International R ed Cross

form ulating a scheme with this end in view, whereby their

Committee sitting at Geneva, a meeting of the R ed Cross

nursing sisters can undertake this work under the direc

of all nations should be summoned after the conclusion of

tion of D istrict Nurses, School M anagers Authorities.

peace to draw up a programme to this end.

W e under

the S .J.A .B . is contem plating undertaking Infa n t W elfare

and

H ealth

stand that the International Com m ittee w ill be asked to

These are most am bitious schemes, and if they can

extend the work of the R e d Cross Societies throughout the world to cover civil distress, as well as the needs of the sick and wounded in war.

now be consolidated and the whole effort diverted towards

W e have reason to believe that the activities of the R ed Cross in this country w ill be extended to such sub

the betterment of our health and living conditions it will have laid the foundation for probably the greatest work w hich can be undertaken by the two bodies.

U n d er their

influential support they should meet with success.

jects as infant and child welfare, district nursing and tuber culosis.

These and kindred subjects should give ample

scope for the V o lun tary A id Detachments, and thus keep together this splendid organisation, which has shown such remarkable developm ent as a result of the war.

T h e M arket H arborough D ivisio n has been presented with a fully equipped motor am bulance, w hich has been generously given to the division by M rs. H . W , Sym ington and her son.

— FIRST

ii4

ct'WLt.

SJhi S tand J r io r g of the S rd tt of the K ospital of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. A M B U LA N C E

The N o . 1 D is tric t.

S t.

Jo h n

DEPARTM ENT.

.Ambulance

Srigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r : W . H . W IN N Y , O .B.E. M A R C H , 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 2nd.— No. 33 Division, Walworth and Bermondsey. 9th.— No. 37 Great Western Railway. 16th.— No. 38 L.B. & S.C. Railway. 23rd.— No. 40 Beckton. 30th.— No. 42 Barnet. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m.

W E L F A R E W ORK. The following letter has been received from the Chief Commissioner, S ir James Clark, Bt. : — February 8th, 1919. “ The Commissioner, No. I District, In view of the war work ceasing, and the large amount C ivil work which is open to those who have been engaged in war work, it is suggested that Lady Superintendents of N ursing Divisions should compile a roll of those of their members who are willing to assist in the following branches of work, viz. :— D istrict Nursing, Assistance to Health Visitors, Assistance to School Nurses, Infant Welfare. Lady Superintendents of Nursing Divisions having members willing to take up voluntary work in one or other of these branches, should place themselves in touch with respective District Nurses, Health Officers, etc., with a view to supplying them with such voluntary assistance as may be required by them. It must be fully understood that volunteers for this work will, when employed, work under the direction of the District Nurse or Health Officer. Such work will count towards efficiency and must not be interfered with in any way by superior Officers of the Brigade Brigade uniform should be worn by members when carrying out this work. (Signed) J a m es R. A n d r e w C l a r k , Colonel, Chief Commissioner.” Lady superintendents should make enquiries with as little delay as possible, as to whether their member’s services will be accepted, and report the result of their enquiries to the Com missioner, No. 1 District. Probably further instructions will be issued shortly. IN D U S T R IA L U N R E S T . In view of possible disturbances during periods of indus trial unrest, Divisions desirous of undertaking duty in case of necessity should follow the procedure adopted for organising assistance during air raids, and report to the local Police Station offering their services for duty. They are to take their instructions from the Police, and only in very exceptional cir cumstances undertake independent duty. A I R R A ID S . A letter has been received by the Commissioner, No. I District, from Sir James Bird, Clerk to the London County Council, in which he states “ I have to inform you that the Council no longer require the assistance which members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade have kindly given at certain shelters, and at the Council’s Ambulance Stations, in connec tion with attacks by aircraft. I have to convey to you the Council’s appreciation of the valuable services rendered by members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade in this connec tion.”

AID. —

February, 1919.

O F F IC E R ’S U N IF O R M . The Chief Commissioner has agreed that Superintendents of Divisions may wear the shoulder brace with the new uniform described in Brigade Order No. 322, and that Ambulance Officers may wear this uniform, but without the shoulder brace. The silver lace on the cap should no longer be worn, but be replaced by the black lace band. The white enamelled cross belt is now obsolete. D E A T H O F M IS S T H E K L A B O W S E R . Superintendents and members of the No. 1 D istrict will learn with much regret that M iss Thekla Bowser, Lady Supt. of the No. 39 Temple Nursing Division, passed away at Hastings in January last after a very long illness. (Signed) W . H. W IN N Y , Commissioner.

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E .C . IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . D ivisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . C ro y d o n (N o. 13) N u r s in g D iv is io n .— T he 9th annual meeting was held last month, when Lady D iv. Supt. M iss Wyndham gave a general summary of the work of the division since the outbreak of war. The division has increased its strength very considerably, and all have been engaged in most useful work in hospitals, air raid emergency calls, and at railway stations with convoys of wounded. Dr. John M cIntyre, one of the hon. surgeons of the division, has gained the M ilitary Cross, and Mrs. Goodsir has been awarded the O.B.E. L im e h o u s e (N o . 76) D iv is io n .— T he E arl of Ranfurly dis tributed awards and certificates gained by members of Nos. 76 Ambulance and 43 Nursing Divisions on Jan. 23rd. Addressing the members, his lordship congratulated those who had obtained awards and hoped all present would do all in their power to encourage classes in first aid. The division, although mere babes in the matter of age, had done wonders in its time. Mr. W inny told how, on the outbreak of war, orders were sent to the members of the S.J.A.B., and within twenty-four hours they were in barracks at Devonport and elsewhere, and thus relieved the Naval Medical Service for active service. It was due to the St. John system and careful training of their members that the British Army were able to take up its work so com pletely when war broke out. H a m p s t e a d (N o . 20) D iv is io n .— On January 21st the twenty-third annual general meeting was held at Christ Church School, and was attended by 25 members, Dr. Corbet Fletcher, hon. surgeon, being in the chair. Sergt. W . W arren, hon. treasurer, presented his balance sheet and congratulated the members on the satisfactory condition of the Divisional funds, which proved that the annual receipts continued to exceed ex penditure. Sergt. B. Norwood, hon. secretary, reported that the membership had increased to 107, of whom 62 (including the superintendent, Major J. H. Hudson) were on active ser vice, and that a good average attendance had been obtained at the 64 drills and 41 public duties held. The chairman, referring to the origin of the Hampstead Division, eulogised the valuable services of Ambulance Officer C. T. Osborn, who was one of the original founders of the division. H e further reminded the members that the Brigade is a civilian organisation with five definite objects, and that each division had to satisfy not only local requirements but also headquarter calls. Finally, he reviewed the work accomplished during the year, urged the members to continue their efforts in sustaining their present high standard of efficiency, and in vited suggestions as to methods of tuition and work.

February, 1919

—FIRST

On January n t h Miss Thekla Bowser, Hon. Serving Sister of the Order of St. John and Lady Supt. of No. 39 Nursing Division, No. 1 District, passed away at St. Leonards-on-Sea, after a long and painful illness. To the many members of the S.J.A.B. and the B.R.C.S. who have known her, this ne'"S will mean keen sorrow, as few people were so well known and respected as was this lady in the ambulance world. Miss Bowser has been for many years a very active mem ber of the Brigade, and has travelled all over the country meet ing other brigade officers and divisions. She was the writer of many articles and books on the work of the Brigade, amongst which was “ The W ork of the V .A .D ’s. During the W a r ” ; she also contributed to the columns of F ir s t A id . She was at work in charge of an Aid Post on the lines of communication in France until her final illness became so acute that she was compelled to return home. On her return she formed the No. 39 Nursing Division, and became Commandant of V.A .D . London 291, from which unfortunately her illness forced her very soon to retire. On her discharge she received the Silver “ Services Rendered Badge,” being one of the few women holding this token. The internment took place at the cemetery, St. Leonardson-Sea, on January 18th. Besides the many personal friends who attended the funeral, there were present the divisional sur geon, and as many members of her late division as could get away from London, Supt. Lowe— with whose division she had worked for so many years on Bank Holidays at Hampstead Heath, a detachment of some 30 soldiers from the local depot, several members of the local ambulance division, with the am bulance, attended. Some nursing officers and sisters met the cortege at the Cemetery Chapel to pay their last respects to their departed sister. The coffin was covered with the St. John Ambulance Flag, and among the many floral tributes was an eight-pointed white cross of St. John. The decorations of the deceased were also on the coffin. After the coffin was lowered into the grave the buglers rendered the whole call of the “ Last Post,” during which the large assembly all stood to attention. And so was laid to rest one of the most energetic and loyal Sisters of the Order of St. John, whose loss will be felt by all who knew her, and whose place will ever be vacant among her old associates. No. 2 District.

O x f o r d .— A dinner given by District Staff Officer C. A. Coventon to men of the Oxford Corps who had worked on the transport of wounded during the war was held at Queen’s College H a ll on January 15th. There was a notable assembly of the surgical and medical profession attached to the 3rd Southern General Hospital sup porting the host, including Col. W. T. Brooks, Col. W . Collier, Major Bevens, Major J. C. R. Freeborn, Capt. Ormerod, Capt. Waters and Divisional Surgeon Dickson ; also the Mayor of Oxford, Sir Robert Buckell and the Rev. G B. Cronshaw. Col. W . T. Brooks, in giving the toast of the St. John Ambulance Brigade, said that the Oxford Corps had done splendid work during the war, he could assure all those present that the work had been highly appreciated by the officers attached to the 3rd Southern General Hospital. D istrict Staff Officer C. A. Coventon, in reply, thanked Col. Brooks for his kind appreciation of the work done by his men of the Oxford Corps. He- could from the bottom of his heart say he was indeed proud of them. It was his proud duty this evening to present to the Corps Surgeon J. C. R. Fieeborn his long service medal for 15 years of efficient work in the brigade, and he was also, delighted to present many members of the corps with the St. John W ar Service Badge for two years’ service. H e hoped that in the future all men would continue the work of the brigade as well as it had been done in the past. Amb.-Officer E . E. Bateman, of the City Division, proposed a hearty vote of thanks to the host. H e had worked for 11 years with District Staff Officer Coventon, and he could assure him the men were proud to do what work they had done, and if it were appreciated by him and officers of the 3rd Southern General Hospital they were amply rewarded,

A I D — Q.M. Sergt. J. C. Chesterman, R.A .M .C., of the Oxford Corps, was presented with the long service medal of the Order of St. John by Dr. Col. J. C. Bates on February 2nd at the M ilitary Hospital, Sheerness. B r is t o l .— S ummary of the work done by the City of Bristol Corps during the war. The transport department has regularly assisted the Bristol branch of the B.R.C.S. in the work of transporting the wounded soldiers from the railway station to the various militory hospitals in the city. The number conveyed by the corps ambulances, 2,960. The transport department is worked from headquarters, Unity-street, St. Philips, where trained drivers and attendants are on duty day and night, ready for any call or emergency. The following are the number of civilian cases dealt with dur ing the period of the war :— Accidents, 6,722 ; invalid removals, 7,425 ; fire calls, 591 ; total, 14,298. The Voluntary A id Detachment has been on duty at Avonmouth Dock, embarking and disembarking hospital ships, loadand unloading ambulance trains, the number of cases dealt with being 36,541. Several members have been assisting the 2nd Southern General Hospital as orderlies for the transfer of wounded sol diers to the auxiliary hospital of the above ; in this way over 10,560 cases were handled by them. Members are scattered all over Bristol at work in factory, workshop, &c. The number of cases reported by them for the period as above being 22,995. By adding all the cases dealt with, both civil and military, a grand total of 87,544 is reached. The strength of the corps is 1,130 officers and men, 850 of whom are on active service. No. 5 District.

H e e l e y .— T he second annual meeting of the Heeley Division was held on January 25th. In the unavoidable absence of Assistant-Commissioner H. C. Else, Sergt.-Major Whitworth, R.A.M .C., 3rd N .G .H ., was in the chair, and was supported by Col. Stephenson, D.S.O., M.P., and the officers of the Division. The secretary’s report, covering a period of 15 months, showed the strength at October 1st, 1917, as 2 officers and 40 men, and at December 31st, 1918, as 4 officers, 66 N.C.O .’s and men. One officer and 12 men are still on active service. The chairman voiced his own high admiration, and the Administrators of the 3rd N .G .H . sent through him their best thanks and warmest appreciation for the work performed by the members at the hospitals, which consisted of good attend ances at the unloading of 43 convoys of stretcher cases at night-time, and a total of over 1,500 hours in all-night duties as ward orderlies at Winter-street Hospital, and over 200 cases had been attended to whilst on public duty. The growth of the Division had necessitated the change to larger headquarters at Meersbrook Vestry Hall, and the recent possession of an in dependent orderly room is greatly appreciated. The financial report showed an expenditure of over .£100 on equipment and stores, with a small balance of cash still in hand. Some very capable artistes contributed with songs and recitals to the success of the meeting, and the Ladies’ Division had charge of a splendid tea to about 150 members and friends. The Heeley Nursing D ivision was officially recognised in June 1918, and has a membership of 23— a divisional surgeon 2 lady officers and 20 ladies. No. 8 District.

ISLE OF T h a n e t .— R amsgate, owing to its position on the coast, suffered considerably from air raids, bombardments, and other incidents of the war. This gave the Corps a con siderable amount of work, as is indicated by the annual report. No less than 327 calls to duty were made, of which 42 were air calls. The strength of the Division on December 31st, 1918, was 41 all ranks. W e regret to see that the financial position is not stronger, but with the advent of peace, this should be on a stronger basis,

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. —

February, 1919.

THE ST. JOHN AM BULANCE GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

D ecem ber ,

N e w s.

19 18 .

City of Dublin Corps (St. Stephen’s Green Nursing D iv i sion).— A. P. C. Harte Barry, M.B., B.Ch., to be Divisional Surgeon, 1.1.19. City of Dublin Corps (South Dublin Nursing D ivision).— Mrs. Kathleen Allm an to be Nursing Officer, 14.1.19.

C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointm ents, promotions, transfers and resignations :— T h e

N e w D iv is io n s .

No. 1 D is t r ic t (Prince of W ales’s Corp).

N o . 2.

Divisional Surgeon Dr. Collier, St. John’s Gate No. 1 Division, resigned his appointment, January 1919. Divisional Supt. Burton, transferred from No. 6 Cyclist Division to St. John’s Gate No. 1 Division, 3.2.19.

No. 3

No. 2 D is t r ic t . Southbourne Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon S. J. Haylock resigned his appointment, 15.11.18.

No. 3 D is t r ic t . W ellingboro’ Corps (Irthlingboro’ Nursing Division).— M iss N. Hardwick to be Lady Divisional Supt., 8.1.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. W illiam s, resigned 31.11.18.— M iss A. Lovell to be Nursing Officer, 8.1.19, vice Nursing Officer M iss R. Rawlins, resigned 31.11.18 Birmingham Nursing Corps (Y.W .C.A . Nursing Division). — Mrs. Marianna Neme Hawkins to be Lady Divisional Supt., 1.2.19. Birmingham Nursing Corps.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Margaret E . Heaton to be Lady Corps Treasurer, 1.2.19. Kettering Corps. — Divisional Supt. Henry Raby to be Corps Supt. 18.1.19. v'ce Corps Supt. E. R. Lane, resigned.

No. 4 D is t r ic t . Hulme Division.— Divisional Supt. T. M cKinley resigned his appointment, 9.1.19. and is placed on the Reserve List of the Brigade. Stockport Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Barker resigned her appointment, 20.1.19. W halley Bridge Nursing Division.— Mrs. Rebecca Jacklin to be Lady Divisional Supt., 11.1.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Beard, resigned 25.9 18.

No. 6 D is t r ic t . South Shields Volunteer Life Brigade Division.— Charles E. Shaw to be Ambulance Officer, 28.1.19, vice Ambulance Officer James Page, promoted to District Officer.

No. 8 D is t r ic t . M iss Rachaell W eigall to be Lady District Officer, 27.9.19. Redhill D ivision.— T. Anstey Chave, M.B., F.R .C .S., to be D ivisional Surgeon, 11.1.19, vice Divisional Surgeon C. Fen wick resigned. Canterbury Division.— Supt. F. Holgate Smith resigned his appointment, January, 1919. Strood and Rochester Nursing Division.— Mrs. H arriet E . Ireland to be Lady Divisional Supt., 11.1.19, vice Lady D ivisional Supt. Mrs. H. B. Clarke, resigned 31.11.18. ^ City of Rochester D ivision.— Charles W illiam Green, M .B „ F .R .C .S ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 30.1.19, vice Divisional Surgeon T. H. Morton, resigned 10.1.19.

No. 12 D is t r ic t . City of Dublin Corps (St. James Gate Nursing Division). — A e? e Corry to be Lady Divisional Supt., 1.1.19, vice Lady D ivisional Supt. M iss E. Ryder resigned.

D is t r ic t .

Slough Nursing Division, 31.10.18. D is t r ic t .

Change of Name.— Kings Norton Metal W orks Nursing Division to Stirchley Nursing Division, 3.2.19. D ea th s.

No. 6

D is t r ic t .

Eastern Nursing Division (H u ll Corps).— Nursing Officer Jessie Fletcher, 19.10.18. No . 1

D is t r ic t .

Temple Nursing Division (Prince of Wales Corps).— Lady D ivisional Supt. Miss Thekla Bowser, January, 1919. R o ll

o f

H o n o u r .

Barker, Pte. G., Bradford City, Duke of W ellington’s Regt. Beeson, Lance-Corpl. G. W ., Duffield, Sherwood Forresters. Beeson, Corpl. J. H., Duffield, Sherwood Forresters. Campbell, Pte. J. G., Earby, Prince of W ales’ Yorkshire Regt. Cookson, Pte. T., Carl Division, Ashington Coal Company Corps, M .H .H .R . Curson, Pte. S., Norden, M iH .H .R . Dalby, Pte. D., Bradford City, A.S.C. Devine, Pte. T., Felling and District, R .A .M .C. Eaton, Pte. A. R. C., East Ham, R.A.M .C. Fawcett, Pte B., Bradford City, R.A.M .C. Fletcher, Pte. R., Bradford City, Duke of W ellington’s Regt. Garton, Pte. G., Bradford City, 6th East Yorks. Regt. Gricewood, Pte. C., Bradford City, 6th East Yorks. Regt. Hobbs, Pte. A., Oxford City, R.G.A. Howartb, Pte. W., W haley Bridge, M .H .H .R . Pivock, Pte. W., Bradford City, R.A.M .C. Murfin, Pte. E.A., Duffield, Sherwood Forresters. Salt, Pte. W ., Duffield, Sherwood Forresters. Slater, Pte. L., Ramsbottom, M .H .H .R . Smith, Pte. C.E., Duffield, R.A .M .C. Thompson, Pte. L. T., Blackburn, M .H .H .R . Tindle, Pte. J. W., Bradford City, M .G.C. Wootton, Pte. A., Bradford City, R.A.M .C. W right, Pte. H. W., Duffield, Durham L .I. M il it a r y D e c o r a t io n s a n d A w a r d s . Abbs, Pte. G., Bradford City, M ilitary Medal. Armstrong, Pte. M., Cramlington, M ilitary Medal. Beatty, Pte. John, Addison Colliery, Bar to M ilitary Medal. Bushnell, Sergt. G. E. J., W . H. Smith & Sons, London, Meritorious Service Medal. Comber, Pte., Walthamstow, M ilitary Medal. Hanson, Sergt. F., Bradford City, Certificate of Merit. Howell, Capt, Trevor, Barnsley, M ilitary Cross. Kemp, Sergt-Major, J., Walthamstow, Meritorious Service Medal. M clnnes, Pte. J. M., Pelton Colliery, M ilitary Medal.

February, 19i 9.

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N C E G A Z E T T E .—

S t . J o h n V o l u n t a r y A id D e t a c h m e n t s . A p p o in t m e n t s . Mrs. Lund to be Commandant of W. Yorks 94. R e s ig n a t io n s . Dr. F. Nichols, Commandant of Surrey 116. Mrs. R. Webb, Commandant of W . Yorks 94 Dr. S. Green, M.B.F.., Commandant of Lincoln 42. The Hon. Mrs. Burrows, Commandant of Cavan 2. The Lady Farnham, Commandant of Cavan 4. D eaths. Bourset, Miss J., London 298. Burgess, Mrs. Mary, Surrey 118. M cLaughlin, Miss M. M., Scarborough Nursing Division. Smith, M iss E , East Lancs. 104. W right, M iss A. B., West Yorks 62. O .B.E. A w a r d s a n d D e c o r a t io n s . British Em pire Order :— Hulme, A. Maud, London 88, O .B.E. Tracy, Cyprienne E. M. Hanbury, W . Lancs 12, O.B.E. Figgis, Ruby Norah, City of Dublin 24. M .B.E. Waterfield, May Constance Flora, Kent 73, M .B.E. The following ladies who were shown as having^received the O.B E. in the last issue of F ir s t A id should read as C.B.E. Lady Oliver. Mrs. McMordye. British Em pire Medal :— Jacobs, M ary Haylock, Essex 94.

T h e G r a n d P r i o r y of th e

O rd e r o f th e

H o s p it a l o f S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery 0) the O rder , St. John's G a te , Clerkenw ell, L on d on , E .C ., F ebruary 3 rd , /<?/<?.

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A K n ig h ts o f Grace:

Field Marshal the Lord Methuen, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., C.M.G. Kenneth Peel Birley. Richard W hytock Leslie, M .D. (from Honorary Associate). Lieut.-Colonel James W illiam Leigh Wood, C.B., C.M.G. John Henry Rogers, O .B.E. (from Esquire). A s L a d ies o f G r a c e :

Ellen Constance, Countess of Kilmorey. Ellen Scott, Mrs. H. F. Hann. A s E s q u ir e s :

Captain Aired Henry Arnold, M .B.E. (from Honorary Asso ciate). Captain Albert Edmund Charles Burden, M .B.E. (from Honary Associate). Francis Columba Somerville Cameron-Head. William Edw ard'Adlard (from Honorary Serving Brother). Charles Noble M ilner (from Honorary Serving Brother). A s H onorary S erv in g Brothers :

John Thompson. Joseph Herbert. John W hillis. Walter Noble.

117

W illiam Edward Hartland. Louis W all. A s H on ora ry S erv in g Sisters :

Bertha Sophia Clarke, M iss Smith. Alice Gwendolen, Mrs. Herbert. E llen M aria, Miss Alderson. M ary, Mrs. Raymond. Annie, Mrs. Grummant. Alace Maud, Miss Walker. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A ssociates :

Gilbert Phillips Mosscrop, M.B. Captain Robert Marshall, M.D., R .A .M .C. Robert George Riddell, M.D., Ch.B., F .R .C .S .E . Herbert Green. Helen, Mrs. Abercromby. Lieut. Gaoffrey Budibent Whitworth. Captain John Alfred Halgren, M.C., U.S.A.

R a ilw a y

A m b u la n c e

C o m p e titio n .

A m e e t in g of representatives of R ailw ay Com panies, Joint Railw ays and Joint Committees in E ngland and Wales was held at St. Jo h n ’s Gate on Frid ay, January 24th, with the R t. H o n . T h e E a rl of R anfurly, G .M .C .G ., in the chair. T h e following were present :— G. H. Nutter and G. S. H ill (Lancashire and Yorkshire Ry.). G. F. J. Rudd (Great Central and London and North Western Joint Rys.). R. C. Woods (Cheshire Lines Committee). E. G. Palmer (M idland and Great Northern Ry.). L. Evans (London and North Western and Great Western Joint Rys.). A. J. Green (Alexandra (Newport and South Wales) Docks and Ry.). R. Bagnall (North Staffs. Ry.). T. O. Mein (Great Eastern Ry.). F. M. Lead (London and North Western Ry.). Wm. Hollings (North Eastern Ry.). J. King and W. L. G irling (London, Brighton and South Coast Ry.). J. Hope (Furness Ry.). M. E. R. Jones (Great Western Ry.) J. W alker (H u ll and Barnsley Ry.). H. E. Richardson (M idland Ry.). W. B. Brockett (Metropolitan Ry.). H. C. Higson (Great Central Ry.). A. E. Stukins (Great Northern Ry.). W. R. Edwards (Hon. Secretary). T h e advisability of holding a Com petition in 1919 for the Challenge Shield and prizes presented by the St. Joh n A m bulance Association was considered. It was decided to hold the next Com petition in May, 1920, and to call a meeting of railway representatives next November, when, in settling the conditions of the Com petition, the part that women are playing as members of railway personnel should receive consideration. T h e proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to the chairman.

W e regret to record the death of Supt. T . Deaville, of the H a n ley and D istrict Co-ps, who passed away on January 28th. Supt. D eaville com m enced his am bulance career in 1902 on the Staffordshire Railw ay, and in 1916 was appointed d ivision al superintendent of the H a n ley Corps.

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. — February, 1919, S u c c e s s f u l C a n d id a t e s fo r B lu e E x a m in a t io n .

S t r ip e

N o r t h a m t o n s h ir e .— N ursesKatherine Earnshaw, Annie Brawn, Mabel Valentine, May Whitehead, Cecil St, John Mildmay, Majorie Bairstow, Florence Markie, Edith Drane, -Jousia Holland, Edith Carpenter, Jessie Spokes, Em ily Bland, Croodie W hitney, Alice Robins, Nellie Jackson, Gertrude Newman, Florence Ellard. W a r w ic k s h ir e .— M isses V. Daly, M. Ellice, S. M. Good win, B. Hackforth, M. Newdigate, J. Rodocanachi, N. Shaw, M. E. Strickland, C. M. Cell, E. Guinness, Mrs. V. C. A rk wright, Mrs. E . V. Joynson, Mrs. M. G. Philbrich. C u m b e r l a n d .— M eade, Hon. Theodosia ; Johnstone, Jean ; Harrison, Mabel O. ; Helps, M ary Isabel ; Strickland, B. M. ; Irvine, Jean ; Hawthorn, C. M. ; Newtown, M ary! Dawson-Scott, B. ; Porter, M atilda ; W right, Alice W . ; Case, Margaret ; Hind, M ary B. ; Dalton, Norah. W e s t m o r l a n d .— M iss W inifred Chatfield. S h r o p s h ir e .— W ace, D. T . ; Hallowes, G .jM .; Franklin, J . ; Hemming, M .; Rigby, Murray, M is s ; Gedge, M rs.; Llord-W hite, D. ; Pearson, Agnes ; Corbet. Olive ; Clarke, Ethel. W o r c e s t e r s h ir e .— E velyn Stallard, Sybil Lyster, Helen Violet Gibbs, Nora Webb. B ir m in g h a m .— H . Addenbrooke, D. Boyd, M. Bond, D. Danielsen, M. Hugh Smith, E. F. Meyer, E lsie Smith, H. Wadsworth, M iss G. Legge, R. M ilward, E. A. Potter. D e v o n .— M isses Aldersey, Pepys, Pullin, Vigars, Mrs. Fosse. S u r r e y .— A my D. Anderson, Anna H. Anderson, Amy D. K. Anderson, Elizabeth Anderson, Gladys JLenanton, M ary Impey, Mabel Goldsmith, Beatrice Healey, Margaret Atkins, M arion Barker, M uriel Badham, Dorothy Donald, Dorothy Gore-Brown, Marie Horne, Blanche Fielden, Catherine Biss, Florence Missum, Amy Clarke, Jeanette Gaydon, Emma Long, M uriel Midwinter, Francis M. Oakes, Jessie D. Robertson, Edith Ware, Ellen R. Stephens, C. Woolfgang, Ethel Mason’ Theodora Green, May Griffin, Doria Charnaud. S u s s e x .— B artholomew, Mrs. Pemley; Plant, E lsie ; Angell, Dorothy; Doughty, Susan D .; Swettenham, H. M. S.: Mountford, F .; Cane, A. M .; Swettenham, C. S.; Aitkins, Dorothy; Maxwell, M. C.; Case, Rosamund; Bell, Janet M .’; Saunders, K., Peacock, M rs.; Philpot, Mabel; Bell, Nora: Le Mare, Evelyn; Barrow, U rsula; Elwes, Joan: Somerville, Hon. M ary; Hardy, W inifred; Jensen, Margrethe; Tyler, Evelyn; Tyler, M rs.; Vizard, Phyllis M .; Hudson, K .; Jones, D .D .; Gemmill, Gertrude; Jones, A. N .; Long, E. M .; Padbury’ Mabel; Sale, Lilian ; Churches, Yram ia; Cullen, C.; Wood, J. C.; Marsham, Leila; Lorton Slamond, F .B .; Clarke, Elinor; Hill-Joseph, Gertrude; Taylor, E va; Sparks, Em ily A .; Yetts’ W inifred M. ; Samuel, Evelyn ; Redwood, Beatrice ; Scarlyn W ilson, Sybil; Gelhart, E lla ; Cooper, E dith; Withington, Dorothy; Simpson, Mrs. A lice; Delafons, Majorie; Kirkm an, Catherine; Mansell, Maude; Oldfield, E nid; Tyrwhitt, (Elsa; Lester, Mrs. Effis; Price, M abel; Price, Nora; Curtis, MaryJackson, Mabel C.; Tuttiet, M. E.

S t . J o h n A m b u la n c e B r ig a d e F ra n c e .

H o s p it a l,

N ow that the St. Joh n A m bulance Brigade H o spital in France has been closed, the events most closely connected with it during the past year w ill be of interest. During this period the hospital continued the very efficient work it had been carrying on since September, 1915, without inter ruption until the end of M ay, when, as is well known, it was severely bom bed by Germ an aeroplanes. T h e hospital had by its efficiency gained a very high reputation amongst the responsible authorities, as was evidenced by the fact that practically none but the severest cases were sent to be treated there, no “ walking cases ” being received, except a few officers. T h e total num ber of patients treated in the hospital amounted to about 37,000, of which 35,288 were treated at Etaples. T h e norm al establishment was 520 beds, but this was expanded when severe fighting took place to 744 beds, out of which 88 were allotted to officers. It was precisely at the time the resources of the hospital and staff were being strained to the uttermost as a consequence of the rapid ad vance of the Germ an A rm y to the outskirts of Am iens that the enemy, by its inhum an aerial attacks, put an end— but only tem porarily— to its activities. T h e first attack, on M ay 9th, 1918, led to heavy losses among the personnel, as the figures given hereunder w ill show, but did com paratively little structural damage. On the 31st M ay, 1918, a more determined effort on the part of the enemy led to the utter dem olition of four entire wards and to such a dislocation and disturbance of all the other buildings constituting the hospital that orders were received to evacuate. T h e patients were removed to other hospitals on June 1st, the female nursing staff were sent to England, and were shortly followed by the m edical and surgical officers. T h e following are the figures showing the effects of the raids on the staff, personnel and patients. It w ill be observed that one of the sisters was k ille d at her post on the occasion of the second raid. 1 s t A i r Raid, M ay 19th, 1918.

Killed or died of woun Wounded. — Hospital Staff— M .O.’s 4 — — Sisters Personnel 6 5 Patients-- I n hospital 5 Brought in after raid 26 of whom 9 Total

2 nd A i r R aid, M ay 3 1st, 1918.

Hospital Staff— M.O.’s Sisters Personnel Patients-- I n hospital Total

5 2 3 13

— 1 3 7

W ILTSH IRE.— Misses Lavington, Elliot, Love, Parkinson, Dickens, Morrice, Maidment, Baynton, Hughes, Gilbert, Butt, Rogers, King, Bradfield, Hulbert, Mattingly, Bartholomew, W illiam s, Cowlin, Mrs. Lupton, Mrs. Roberts, Mrs. N. Norris, Mrs. Clarke, Lady K. Bouverie.

M r. W. H . M organ, director of stores department, S .J.A .A ., has been appointed an Officer of B ritish Em pire.

G l o u c e s t e r s h ir e .— M isses. M. A. Hall, E. Holloway, K. Slater, G. Theobald, D. Vick, D. Ratcliffe, P. Radcliffe, M. Jeffrey, M. Seabrook, B. Stevens, B. Hyatt, E. Goodwyn, E. Strange, V. Dugeon, D. Fenski, M. Hankins, C. Todd, S. Moore, E. Dunn, I. Joseph, L. Barnicott, J. McLeod, S. McLeod, M. W alker, V. Bastard, E. Cox, Mrs. Wilson, Mrs. H. Duncuft.

T h e H o n . Sir A rthu r Stanley (chairm an of the Joint W ar Com m ittee) was presented, on February n t h , with his portrait in oils, painted by M r. H . de T . Glazebrook, and a silver salver, by the committee and staff at headquarters, 83, P all M all. Princess C hristian made the presentation.

February, 1919

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N CE G A ZETTE. —

S t . J o h n A m b u la n c e B r i g a d e S u p p ly D e p o t, H a l k y n H o u se . W it h the cessation of hostilities and the closing of the St. Joh n A m bulance Brigade H o spital in France, the splendid work that has been carried on at H a lk y n H ouse also comes to an end. T h is depot was opened early in 1916 by H is R oyal H ighness'the D uke of Connaught, G rand Prior of the Order of St. John, and has been supplying the Brigade H ospital with dressings and bandages for nearly three years. A n enormous num ber of these dressings and bandages have been despatched to this hospital since the depot opened, and nearly 100 of the workers have earned the badges awarded for regular attendance. Great assistance was given by the sub-depot, under the able management of M rs. Gordon, of Gollanfield, Invernessshire, who continually sent supplies of splendidly made dressings, etc., to the d e p o t; many gifts were also received from the depot at 35, Park-lane. Not only was the depot open in the morning and after noon but latterly also in the evening, when there were very large attendances of workers. O ur most grateful thanks are due to Lo rd Beauchamp, not only for lending H a lk yn H ouse for this work, but also for providing all the light used during the two years the depot was working. It may be mentioned that the heads of each depart ment at the depot were members of the St. Joh n Am bulance Brigade. T h e Park-lane depot, which has been working almost since the commencement of the war— Countess Grosvenor having set aside part o f her house for the purpose— is still open and work is being continued there. T h e depot is sending garments and bandages not only to the St. John W arehouse |for the use of the V .A .D . hospitals but has also assisted some of the civil hospitals in London.

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m it t e e to C o u n t y D ir e c to r s . D e a r Sir , I s e n d you the following for your inform ation:— W ould you very k in d ly send all lists of B lue Stripe examination candidates direct to me and not to the E ditor of the R e d Cross. T h e Committee also desire me to ask that the total num ber of unsuccessful candidates (not their names) may be sent to me with the list of those who have been successful. Please do not send in forms C .D . 15 for any hospital until it is closed. It is most important that we should have the exact date of closing. I f the forms are sent in while the hospital is still open, the num ber of patients, etc., will not be correct, I do not want any form returned to me until the hospital has been altogether closed down and the statistics can be complete. T h e Comm ittee has agreed that the Scholarship Scheme drawn up for W omen V .A .D .’s, as embodied in the forms sent to you with C .D . 16, shall apply, as far as it can apply, also to men V .A .D .’s. I should be glad, therefore, if you would ascertain what demand there is in your county from V .A .D . men to participate in the scheme. T h e men must, of course, fulfil the same conditions as the women,

119

and no man who already had a trade or profession before he volunteered as a V .A .D . w ill be eligible. Y ou are no doubt aware that some V .A .D . members have been given officer’s rank while working at head quarters, either because o f their position on the head quarter’s staff or as recognition of the work they have done. T h is rank is only intended to be “ tem porary,” and this is clearly stated on the certificate signed by Lad y A m p th ill and myself, which each receives. If, however, you think there is any case of outstanding m erit in w hich this tem porary rank should be retained, please forward such cases to me and I will lay them before the Central Jo in t V .A .D . Committee. Th is, of course, should not be done until Peace has been declared and our work.— so far as the W ar is concerned— finished. I f any of your Detachm ents were m obilised in order to work at a given hospital, when that hospital is closed, the Detachm ent should be dem obilised through the same authorities, i.e., the Secretary of the T e rrito ria l Force Association of the County and the m ilitary Com m and. T h is is a formality, and does not in any way im pair the corporate identity of the Detachment. Y ours faithfully, C h ils t o n , C h ie f County D irecto r

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r J an u ary A f u r t h e r decrease in the work of this Departm ent as a

whole during the past month must be reported, but in spite of this, some of the Sections— especially the M ilitary and N aval— still continue to be very busy. W e are very glad to be able to in clud e quite a num ber of honours awarded to members, chiefly a'taong those who have been serving abroad. M ost satisfactory reports on the work done by V .A .D . members have also been re ceived from Officers Com m anding U nits, both at home and abroad, and a further mention with regard to these w ill be found later in the report. Am ong several honours received by the members of the staff at D evonshire H o use itself, we should like especi ally to m ention that of La d y O liver, R .R .C ., who has been awarded the C .B .E . Lad y O liver is L a d y Quartermasterin -C h ief of the T e rrito ria l B ranch of the O rder o f St. John, and is responsible for the M ilitary and N aval Department. H e r activities in connection with the work of Jo in t Societies since the very beginning of the outbreak of hostilities— first at St. Jo h n ’s Gate, Clerkenw ell, E .C ., and later, since A pril, 1916, at Devonshire House, have been both con stant and untiring. M il it a r y a n d N a v a l D e p a r t m e n t . Since Decem ber 26th of last year 208 requisitions have been received by the M ilitary and N aval Department, and during the month of January there have been 447 post ings. W e understand that the need for nursing members still continues. A letter of thanks has been received from the Officer Com m anding the U .S .A . Base H o sp ital at D artford with regard to the staffing of the hospital, in w hich he says he cannot speak too highly of the services of the V .A .D . members who have been posted there. W e are also able to quote an extract from a Despatch from G eneral Sir George F . M ilne, K .C .B ., D .S.O ., Comm ander-in-Chief, B ritish Salonika Forces :— •

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A Z ET T E -

120

“ I s h o uld like to ca ll attention to the indefatigab le and d e v o t e d w ork of the person n el o f the N u rs in g Services and V o lu n ta r y A i d D e t a t c h m e n ts during the past three years. I n m a n y instances th e y h a v e sacrificed their o w n health for the sak e o f the soldiers in their charge. “ T h e M e m b e r s o f the G e n e r a l S e rv ice V o l u n ta r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t org anisation, a lth ou gh o f co m p arativ ely recent arrival in this theatre o f war, ha ve p ro ve d their value. “ T o all these ladies the British A r m y in the Balkans, an d m a ny o f our Allies, owes a d e ep de b t o f t h a n k s.” T h irty -five o f our m em b ers ha ve been a w a rded the R o y a l R e d C ross, and eighty-six ha ve been m entio ned in D e s p a t c h e s for their v a lu a b le services. O n e m e m b e r has re ce ive d the M e d a l o f the British E m p ir e for gallan try in an A ir R a i d in Salo nika .

J o in t C o m m it t e e D e p a r t m e n t . T h e r e is a c o n sid e ra b le d rop in the n u m b e r o f post ings from the Join t C o m m i t t e e D e p artm en t, the total for the m o n th bein g o n ly 13 m e m bers for F r a n c e — including four m o to r drivers. Sin ce D e c e m b e r 4th, however, 30 mo to r drivers ha ve been called up for service in F rance. T h e M o f b r S ch o o l, w h ich has been run in co n n e ctio n with the Join t C o m m i t t e e D e p a r tm e n t for co n siderably over two years, was clo s ed at C h ristm as, a n d the work has since that tim e been carried on by the latter D ep artm en t.

G e n e r a l S e r v ic e D e p a r t m e n t . T h e w ork in this D e p a r tm e n t in co n n e ctio n with the d is ch a rg e o f m e m b ers has been co nsiderable, both in regard to those d is ch a rg e d on co m p a s s io n a te groun ds o wing to return or d e m o b o lis a tio n o f hu sbands, illness o f parents, etc., a n d also those m em b ers w ho have either term inated their co n tracts or have b e en e va cu a te d sick to the U n i t e d K in g d o m . D u rin g the m on th there ha ve been no postings until the last week, this bein g a c c o u n te d for b y the W ar O ffice p ro h ibitio n to sen d a ny but transfers overseas. W it h in the last few days, how ever, sanction has been r e c e iv e d to fill v a ca n c ie s in F r a n c e with n ew ly enrolled m em bers as transfers are not procurable. R e cru its ,h ave been o b ta in e d from a m o n g d ischa rg ed m un ition girls at W o o lw ich , and s o m e o f these ha ve be en enrolled and are a b o u t to p r o c e e d overseas.

A u x il ia r y H

o s p it a l

D epartm ent

also shows a d e c id e d decrease in the figures as a gainst those given for the p re ced in g month s. O n l y 46 requisitions were re ce ive d ask ing for a total o f 63 members. T h e s e in the usual w ay were referred to the C o u n t y Directors, and on those w hich were returned from them together with a small n u m b e r unfulfilled from the pre vious month, 67 m e m b e r were p o sted altogether, D u rin g the m on th 53 co ntracts were renew ed.

W elfa re D epartm ent. T h e hospital at N o t tin g h a m P la ce for G en eral Service a n d Join t C o m m i t t e e m em b ers has during Jan ua ry received 28 patients. O f these nine ha ve been discharged, while 19 still rem ain there. N o n e ha ve be en very serious cases, but on e or two ha ve been lo ng and tedious ones, requiring m u c h ca re a n d patience . T h e patients, w h o are visited fre q u en tly by representatives from the W e lfare D e p a r tm en t at D e v o n s h i r e H o u s e , are e xtre m e ly c o m fo rta b le a n d well ca re d for, a n d are full o f 'praise for all the kin dn ess they receive. T h e treatm ent o f 13 M ilitary m e m b ers at M illb a n k H o s p ita l a n d at 3 1, V in cen t-sq u are H o sp ita l, is also reported.

R e lie f

U n it

For

February, 1919 S y r ia .

A t the request o f G en eral A l le n b y the O rd e r o f St. John jo in tly with the Syria a n d Pa lestin e R e l i e f F u n d c o n te m plates sen din g a R e l i e f U n i t to Syria. A Join t C o m m it t e e has been fo rm ed un der the cha irm an ship o f Lt.-C o l. Sir H e n r y M c M a h o n , as chairm an o f the L o n d o n C o m m it t e e o f the Syria and Palestin e R e l i e f F u n d , and a K n i g h t of G r a c e o f the Order, to carry out details. T h e U n it will consist o f a co m m is sioner, medical officers, trained nurses, V . A . D . ’s, refugee workers, w orkshop organisers a n d clerical staff, a n d it is h o p e d will start early in March. T h e n ee d for such a unit is believed to be very great and it is e m inently appropriate that the O rd e r sh o u ld carry out this beneficent work so near Jerusalem, the place of its origin.

St. John

W e s t R id in g V .A .D ., 3 9 .

a quiet and efficient manner the officers a nd men o f this de ta ch m en t have re n dered valuable service. R egistered at the W a r Office in Septem ber, 19 14 , the d e ta c h m e n t ’s first duty was to sup ply men for night d uty at the “ R e s t Station ” o p en ed at the B radfo rd M id la n d Station by the B radfo rd nurses a tta ch e d to V . A . D . W est R id in g, 39. In

T w o m e n were on duty e very night m eeting the night trains, sup ply in g tra velling soldiers with refreshments, attendin g to the wounds o f soldiers returning, a n d c o n v e y ing them to their homes. OwiD g to most o f the old m e m bers having “ jo in e d u p ” this m ean t two nights each for those w ho were left, from n . 6 p . m to 6.30 a.m., then a rush home, wash, ch a n ge and a hurried breakfast and off to their ordinary d a y ’s work. T h i s was before the St. L u k e ’s W a r H o s p ita l and the K h a k i C l u b were op en ed. S in c e then the officers o f the de ta chm en t ha ve trained a great n u m be r o f m en in first aid and a m b u la n c e duties, over 100 o f w hom are serving with the R . A . M . C . and N a v a l S ic k B e rth R eserve. T h e men o f this de ta ch m en t also put in m a ny hours cle an in g a n d fitting up F ie ld H o u s e A u x ilia ry Hospital, this hospital re ce ivin g the first batch o f w o u n d e d soldiers arriving at Bradford, w h o were c o n v e y e d from B e d u t t s P a r k H o spital, L ee d s, C o m m a n d a n t E llis bein g in charg e o f the co n vo y . Sin ce then the men o f the d e ta c h m e n t have been on d u ty at the station a n d at St. L u k e s W ar H o s p ita l when w o u n d e d c o n vo y s ha ve been sent to Bradford ; up to date o n e h u n d red and. nineteen co n v o y s ha ve arrived, co m p ris ing 18,336 cases, with an a verage a tte n d a n ce o f 16 men at each con voy. In addition to this work the V . A . D . m em b ers have atte n d e d at the various A i r R a id A m b u l a n c e Stations in the B radfo rd district a n d h a v e a nsw ered all calls for their services willingly a n d cheerfully, realising that w hat little they c o u ld do it was their duty to do. M e m b e r s o f the d eta chm en ts wers also on d u ty at the disaster o f L o w m o o r M u n itio n W orks, and rendered va lu a ble assistance in co n ju n c tio n with the St. J o h n A m b u la nce Brigade. V e r y great credit is d u e to C o m m a d a n t Ellis and Q uarterm aster G eld a rd , upon whom the work o f tra ining a n d supervising o f the various duties has in vo lved

February, 1919

—FIRST

AID. —

121

A GREAT AID TO FIRST AID.

The St. John Ambulance Association.

LIFE-SAVING.

Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

in any part of England, Ireland or W ales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A P o p u la r F ir s t A id Lecture. Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the O fficia l F irs t A id F ilm .

The film is at present shown in licensed H alls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged. RESCUE

WORK

M INES.

A peep in to the life of a M in er, Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue W ork in Coal Mines. NATURE

FIRST

AID ER .

N a tu re ’ s m ethods and how to fu r th e r them . First Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. This lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiographs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject. THE

V E R D IC T ,

OR W H A T REVEALS.

THE

PRESS

An entirely new feature, showing in a series of tableaux how accidents could have been avoided or remedied. PRACTICAL

FIRST

W h y e ve ryo n e should have a kno w ledge of F ir s t Aid. A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth.

“ Its all-round excellence makes it a valuable acquisition. The section dealing with ambulance work is especially good. The book is written ir. splendid style and the illustrations are first rate. The method of payment places it within the reach of all.”

S p e c i a l i n d u c e m e n t s a r e o ffered to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 205. Doncaster Road, Goldthorpe, Near Rotherham. Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.” ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------j

W IL S O N .

ONE OF M A N Y OPINIONS. Mr. J. DANIEL, Kent Avenue, Ashford, writes:—

AID.

ANDREW

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an epitome of all that specialised m edical and surgical knowledge necessary for First Aiders, as well as an authoritative manual or reference on all inform ation relating to H ealth and Disease, is a work to be welcomed by all our readers who wish to study their subject more deeply than is possible from superficial text books. In “ T h e M odern P hysician ,” by Dr. Andrew W ilson, fullest space is devoted to “ F irst A i d ” and A m bulance W ork. In respect of completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, “ T h e M odern Physican ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being d ull ; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of H ealth laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. T h is work is absolutely complete as regards H ealth and Disease. As a knowledge of the body in H ealth is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame w ill be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the body’s m icroscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ m a n n ik in s ” or dummies more especially ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the hum an body. T h e section devoted to H ygiene includes the full exposition of the Laws of H ealth, and special attention is devoted to Physical Culture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, holidays, temperament, &c., are treated in this section. T h e last volum e is especially devoted to the H e alth of Women, and Dr. W ilson has here been assisted by a num ber of eminent women physicians. M idw ifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fuily dealt with.

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER

L IF E

DR.

A FREE BOOKLET. TO

THE

CAXTON

83,

P U B L IS H IN G

S urrey Str e e t, L ondon,

C O M PA N Y , W .C .2.

Please send me, F r e e o f C h a r g e and without any obligation on my part :— Illustrated Booklet of *■T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n and particulars of your plan whereby the complete work is delivered at once, payment being made by small monthly amounts without any extra cost to the purchaser. N

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—FIRST

122

AID. — A S

K Y

0 U

fo r

U n ifo rm s an d E q u ip m e n t

E M I

S T F

V a st modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply F irst A id and a ll other Services w ith uniform s and e q u ip m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d m aterials, w orkm anship and finish —at prices that challenge com pari son w ith any other clothing of equal quality.

February, 1919.

SEPTIC WOUNDS Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid h e a lin g . For inflamed conditions I o d e x is id e a l. T ry it. A ll good chemists stock it.

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R o ya l A r m y p .-iM e d lc a C o rp s . B r it is h Red Cross S o c ie ty. C ro ix R ouge F ra n c a ls e ,

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No. 63V.—OUTFITS.

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X 6 i n, X 6 i n.

Made of Strong Tin, Enamelled White inside, Blue out. N o t e R in g Attachm ent f o r S c is s o r s .

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Founderies and Engineering S h o p s .....................................

2 5 /-

Leather and Dye W o rks

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SPECIA L

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£ 2

AM BULANCE

XO O 3 Palrs Splints. Picric Dressing (for burns). Asst. Aseptic Wools & Lints. I doz. White Open Wove Safety Pins. Bandages.

...

STRETCHER

V ery

Contains : Friars Balsam. Iodine Solutionjstoppered Sal Volatile j bottles Triangular Bandage. 5 y d s . J in. Plaster

G o v e rn m e n t.

AM BULANCE

5 0

...

(No.

104)

X O s. serviceable.

ROOM

for L arge

W orks,

G u in e a s . ROOM for Smaller Works,

G u in e a s .

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Consult H. 0. EATON, A„T& .p£?'i£L, 338, Dewsbury Road, LEEDS.

— FIRST

February, 1919. CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l — The Future of the V .A .D .’s D is t r ic t R e p o r t s — No. 1 ; No. 2 ... No. 5 ; No. 8 ... T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e — Official Brigade News ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England Railway Ambulance Competition Successful Candidates for Blue Stripe Examination St. John Ambulance Brigade Hospital, France General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors St. John Ambulance Brigade Supply Depot, Halkyn House V.A .D . Summary of W ork for December ... A Relief U nit for Syria ... St. John West R iding V.A.D. 39... Brevities ... S.J.A.B. Overseas ... Welsh Ambulance Unit Notable Ambulance Dates ... Railway Ambulance R e v ie w s — J. F. Sutherland s First Aid to the Injured and Sick The Motor Manual Home Nursing... L e t t e r s to E d it o r — S.J.A.A. Benevolent Fund F irst Aid Competitions ... Q u e r ie s a n d A n s w e r s to C o r r e s p o n d e n t s — Treatment of Concussion Uses of Tourniquet P r a c t ic a l P o in t s — The Vagaries of Epilepsy The Swell’s Downfall

113

AID. —

councils are to bring together representatives from all parts of the area in question, who would survey the posi tion in the area outside the town where battalions exist, and appoint County representative or otherwise endeavour to work up an interest in the work.

114

* * *

115 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 119 120 120 123 124 125 125 126 127 127 127 127 127 128 128 129 129

B r e v it ie s . E d ito rial last month on the B rigade reorganisa tion has created a good deal of comment, and it is generally admitted that now is the opportunity to put into operation various schemes for extending Brigade work. One of our correspondents informs us that now the Special Police are being disbanded, many of the F irst A id D ivision s connected with that body w ill be anxious to continue their work, which should provide a fruitful field for the Brigade. We commend this suggestion to the authorities. O u r

* * * T h e suggestion of placing the Brigade on a County basis, a correspondent points out, has for some while been adopted by the B oys’ Brigade, in which organisation D istrict or Area C o uncils are appointed. T h e objects' of these

123

understand this to mean that more or less a P u b licity Com m ittee is appointed in each County, whose chief object is to make the work known and increase its scope. Such a committee has many merits, for its sole object is to propagate the work to w hich it gives its un divided attention. W e

V In auother colum n we report the decision of the R ailw ay A m bulance Com pettiion Com m ittee with regard to holding competitions. It has been decided not to hold any Inter-R ailw ay Com petition this y e a r; this decision was no doubt arrived at after careful consideration, for the railway are very much occupied with dem obilisation, and many railway am bulance men are still on service. We note that the committee are going to consider at their meeting next Novem ber the part that women are playing as members of railway personnel. T h is looks like a railway com petition for women.

V A l t h o u g h there is to be no Inter-R ailw ay Com peti tion as regards the Com panies’ in d ivid ual com petitions, it is not intended to adopt any uniform action, and each Com pany w ill no doubt be guided by the circum stances on their own line in deciding whether to resume their com petitions in 1919. I f railway am bulance men return to duty, and conditions become anything like norm al later in the year, we quite expect several of the Com panies w ill make an effort to get their own local com petitions going again, say towards October, although at the outside these may be on a more lim ited scale than in pre war days. * *

D r . N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r gave a very interesting lecture to the members of the S .E. & C .R y . this month on “ Practical Points from the T extbo o k.” We shall be shortly publishing this lecture in F ir s t A id , and we are sure it w ill create a great deal of interest. * * *

An attractive series of first aid com petitions w ill be held on Easter Tuesday in connection with the Pontypool annual Eisteddfod, consisting of team test (for men) for the Ponty pool Shield and ^ 5 ; team test (for ladies) for the H a m burg Bow l and ^ (5 ; essays for both sexes; and com peti tions in first aid and signalling for G irl G uides and Boy Scouts, prize value ^ 5 5s. Certificates w ill also be pre sented to winners in all the events. T h is meeting is now considered one of the best and most popular of the year.

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S . J .A .B . O v e r s e a s . R epo rt

of t h e

C h ie f C o m m is s io n e r O v e r s e a s , 1915-17.

B r ig a d e

O w in g to the great pressure of the war very much abridged reports of the Overseas D istricts have been published for the year 1919 in conjunction with the report of the ChapterG eneral for 19 l6. Now this report deals more fully with the work o f the last two years, which, we are pleased to say, shows satisfactory development and efficiency. Alm ost without exception the districts have vied with each other in loyal co-operation with the M ilitary M edical Authorities in assisting in war work of every character. T h e report con tains a graphic description of the terrible disaster of 6th December, 1917, by which a large part of the city of H a li fax was destroyed, owing to the collision of two steamers in the harbour, one of which was loaded with high explosives. T h is imposed on the Brigade in N ova Scotia extraordinary strain, all in a moment, but the resourcefulness which was displayed on this occasion was remarkable. T h e D istrictSupt. in his report says, “ W ithout any fear of contradiction, I say that members saved hundreds of lives by their prompt response, efficient work and their perfect organisation.” One im portant feature which deserves special notice, is the num ber of Overseas members of the V .A .D ’s. on active service, these num ber 391. In 1915 there was only one properly constituted V .A .D ., viz., that of H o n g K ong, w hich may be considered the pioheeer, now many N ursing D ivision s are registered as V . A .D ’s. T h e total strength of the Brigade Overseas on D ecem ber 31st, 1917, was approxim ately 200 Am bulance and 144 N ursing D ivisions, with a personnel of 9,951. A full report of the Com m issioner of each D istrict is given ; these reports afford much interesting reading, as also does the report of the Lad y Supt.-in.Chief. C a n a d ia n D is t r ic t . T h e Executive of the C anadian B ran ch has received many acknowledgements of the instructional work in first aid given to the troops in training camps before they left C a n a d a for overseas. Lieut.-G eneral S ir Sam H ughes prom ptly acquiesed in the offer of the Ottawa Executive to undertake instructional work, and 30 graduates of St. John were appointed in different parts of Canada, and attached to the C anadian A rm y M edical Corps. It is estimated that over 300,000 Canadian soldiers were given first aid instruc tion before leaving the D om inion. T h e F irst A id film bought by the Canadian B ranch from the parent Association has been “ re-made ” at Ottawa to meet Canadian requirements. Some little disappoint ment was expressed at the static defects, and while these cannot be remedied, the Canadian copy o f the film has been greatly im proved by the insertion of local cinem a pictures. O ne o f C an ada’s methods of meeting war expenditure is a tax upon cinem a film s of 15 per cent, on each film for each day on w hich it is used. In order to save bother to theatre owners in which the film may be exhibited, the Canadian B ran ch made an arrangem ent with the Departm ent of C u s toms and In la n d R evenue to furnish a statutory declara tion at the end of each quarter as to the num ber o f times the film had to be shown. T h e pictures are now on their first tour in the M aritim e provinces, after which they will be taken to Western Canada by the G eneral Secretary. One of the provisions of the M arine Law for Canada com pels all candidates for certificates as M asters or Mates

AID.—

February, 1919

on ocean or lake going vessels to hold the St Joh n certifi cate in F irst A id. D r. G odin, M edical A dvisor at the Departm ent of M arine, is a member of the Canadian E x e cutive. H e is arranging now for instructional work among fishermen on the atlantic coast of Canada. A t the last meeting of the Canadian Executive, Col. C. A. Hoggetts, C .M .G ., one 01 the most devoted F irst A iders in Canada, received a cordial welcome from his colleagues. Col. Hoggetts has been overseas four years as Canadian R e d Cross Com m issioner. M r. F red Cook, President of the Canadian Branch, holds the dual position of Chairm an of the Executive as well as President of the Association. A great honour was conferred upon a former President of the Canadian Branch, Sir L o u is H . Davies, on New Y ear’s Day, when he was made a member of H is M ajesty’s P rivy Council. T h e first com petition in Canada since .the outbreak of war was recently completed. It was participated in by the police of eastern Canada. T h e winner of the Shaughnessy S hield was the team o f C .P .R . police, stationed at the Angus Shops near M ontreal. A F irst A id Com petition among the school cadets of B ritish Colum bia was recently arranged for, but not com pleted owing to the influenza epidemic. T h e Chairm an of the Canadian Branch, M r. Fred Cook, has been appointed the A ssociation’s representative upon the Brigade E xecutive in the Dom inion. T h e annual meeting of the Canadian Association will be held at Ottawa this month H is E xcelle ncy T h e G ovenor General, who is patron of the Canadian Branch, sent a personal letter to all P ro vin cial Secretaries at C h rist mas, com m ending them for their zeal and interest in the F irst A id movement. It was a thoughtful act, w hich will serve as an additional stim ulus to these workers. S y d n e y , N.S.W . T h e 28th report of the S .J.A . N .S.W . Centre, covering the period of October 1st, 1917 to September 30th, 1918, was recently issued. Seventy five first aid and 35 home-nursing classes have been held ; 2,607 men ar)d women have been successful in gaining certificates and other awards, w hich have been dis tributed as follows :— F irst aid certificates* 1,336 ; home nursing, 5 7 3 ; medallions, 14 9 ; labels, 107 ; and pendants 69. These figures, added to those given last year, bring the total num ber of persons who have attended classes of the Association since its foundation to 43,945, and of these 35,234 have passed examinations. T h e retirement of M r. Boles R . R ainsford from the position of hon. secretary is recorded with regret. F o r 14 years he devoted him self wholeheartedly to the work of the association in this State. M r. H . G. W illiam s, also, is much missed from the executive, o f w hich he has been a member for many years. T h e am bulance and nursing divisions of the St. John A m bulance Brigade in New South Wales have given evi dence of m uch activity during the year. T h e men V .A .D .’s have assisted the m ilitary authorities on many occasions as orderlies on the trains w hich have conveyed returned soldiers from M elbourne to Sydney, and from Sydney to Brisbane ; while the nursing sisters, in addition to helping the R e d Cross in many wartime movements, have helped in furnishing soldiers’ homes.

W h e n co rresp o n d in g : w ith A d v e rtis e rs p lease m e n tio n “ F irs t A id ”

February, 1919 W e ls h

—FIRST A m b u la n c e

U n it .

AID. — N o t a b le

A m b u la n c e

D a te s .

Com piled by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , L i e u t e n a n t - C o l o n e l J. E . H . D a v i e s , D.S.O ., R .A .M .C ., com manding the 130th (S t-J o h n ) F ie ld Am bulance, has M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M .R.C.S., Eng issued a special order of the day on the occasion of the Hon. A ssociate Order o f St. J oh n ; Hon. Surgeon conclusion of fighting. T h e 130th is the original field St. J o h n A m bulance Brigade. am bulance raised by M r. Lewis, of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem (W elsh Priory), for the W elsh A rm y Corps in T h e following dates and historical facts have been collected the autumn of 1914, and the unit has covered itself with from many and varied sources, and jotted down at odd glory. T h e officer com m anding has been decorated with moments in a notebook. T h ey are now published at the the D.S.O ., and 16 of the members have received either suggestion of some of my am bulance friends who, having the M ilitary Cross, the C ro ix de Guerre, or the M ilitary read the series with interest, agree with me in appreciating Medal. Lieutenant-Colonel B ickerton Edwards, who is two facts :— (1 ) ignorance and neglect of history is a fault now chief medical officer in the recruiting department on w hich F irst A id has acquired from its mother science, Lord Treow en’s staff,.went out with the unit as second in M edicine ; and (2) it becomes us to remember the names command and was later promoted to the com m and of of those pioneers who, in the face of untold difficulties and another unit and then seconded for duty at home. opposition, created and established am bulance work. P os In the special order of the day Lieutenant-Colonel sibly there may be some errors in my list, and it is-rem ark Davies says :— able how often different authorities disagree even with “ Y o u first showed your grit and staying power in 1916 regard to historical facts. So if there be any such, then I at Festubert and Laventie, and later on in 1916 during the shall welcome correction no less than the addition of any first battle of the Somme and at H ebuterne ; then, during outstanding dates or details omitted. many weary months of trench warfare at Ypres, later at the battles of P ilkem and Langem arck, when day after day you carried wounded amid shell crater and a sea of mud, long 1864 {A u g u st 2 2 n d ).-—-First International Convention distances, never giving up until work was done. — “ f o r the succour o f w o u n d e d " — Delegates of 15 European “ In the winter of 1917-18, in front of Arm entieres at Countries assembled at Geneva, through efforts of M . regimental aid posts and advanced dressing stations, your H e n ri D unant, assisted by M. Gustave M oynier, and caused knowledge of and strict com pliance with all ‘ g a s ’ orders enthusiasm for am bulance work throughout Europe, with and regulations enabled you to carry on in a gas-laden consequent formation of N ational A id Societies. C h ie f atmosphere with your work among the wounded and points of agreem ent:— gassed, often wearing your box respirators day and i. R esponsibility for its own relief corps accepted night. by each government. “ D urin g the whole war, even during great stress of ii. Neutrality extended to all who render aid to battle, no fault has been found with the mode of splinting sick and wounded. or dressing on any patient sent to a casualty clearing station ; on the other hand, great praise has on many occasions been accorded you. T h e work of the stretcherbearers, your coolness and courage under enemy fire, together with your steadiness, endurance, willingness and determination, has been beyond praise, and in the last phase of the war, your splen did stretcher-bearers won a repu tation you should ever be proud of. “ In the days from August 21st to Novem ber n t h you were constantly in the line during nearly 70 m iles advance of con tinual fighting, when many hun dreds wounded of our own, and other divisions (and very many wounded G erm ans) had to be dressed, often in the open, under heavy machine-gun and shell fire, and carried by you many rough miles on stretchers to the nearest S p l e n d id A m b u l a n c e W o r k . car posts, where you, you dare The St. John Ambulance car, presented to the Cheltenham Corps, St. John devil car drivers, brought up cars Ambulance Brigade, by Mrs. Percy Shewell in 1915, has been continually driven along what seemed im possible and by Ambulance Officer W. Tandy. He is proud of the fact that he has conveyed to hospital upwards of 3,000 patients from transport trains, also nearly 400 impassable shell-riddled roads, con patients from the local V.A.D . hospitals. The mileage covered in the Chelteham stantly ‘ taped ’ by the enemy, day district is over 10,000 miles. and night— but you got there.” By courtesy C h elte n h a m C h ro n icle .

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111. Im partiality of assistance assured to wounded friend and foe. iv. A doption of red cross as universal (inter national) emblem. 1870 (Tuly l g t h ).— Outbreak of Franco-G erm an war provided first practical test of V oluntary A id Scheme. A u g u s t 4 th .— B ritish N ational Society for A id to Sick and W ounded founded through efforts of M r. (now Sir) Joh n Furley, Col. Llo yd Lin dsay (afterwards L o rd W an tage) and D r. Thom as Longm ore (Professor of M ilitary Surgery), under patronage of Queen V ictoria, and organ ised a great deal of voluntary aid for both combatants. 18 7 4 . — St, Jo h n ’s Gate purchased by Sir E dm u nd A. Lechm ere, and restored to O rder of St. John of Jerusalem in England. W estern tower occupied, though full posses sion postponed till 1887. I S77-— St. Joh n A m bulance Association established by O rder o f St. Joh n through efforts of Furley, Lechm ere and Col. F rancis D un can — “ to tra in men a n d women in F ir s t A i d f o r benefit o f sick a n d w oun ded " — after B .N .A .S . defi nitely declined to undertake this duty which " th e C o un cil considered too great an enterprise.” F irst Centre at W ool wich. S .J.A .A . introduced F irst A id lectures and certificates. 1878 ( October 2 0 th ).— F irst editioD of S .J.A .A . M an u al— called “ A ids for cases of In ju rie s or Sudden I l l ness,” and written by Dr. Peter Shepherd. 18 7 9 ( A d ’)-— S .J.A .A . introduced F irst A id “ m edal lion ” awards. 1880 (J u n e ').— Margate Am bulance Corps inaugurated — “ f o r duty on la n d a n d sea ”— by W illiam Jo h n C hurch Brasier, and inspected by Furley, who subsequently in iti' ated the A shford and Seven Oaks Corps. 1881 ( October 1 s t ).— Am erican R ed Cross Society founded — “ f o r r e lie f o f suffering by ivar, pestilence , flo o d , f ir e , etc.— chiefly through efforts of M iss C lara Barton. 1882.— St. A ndrew ’s A m bulance Association founded in Glasgow. Leicester A m bulance Corps established. In v a lid Transport Corps founded at St. Jo h n ’s Gate — " a s am bulance service f o r rich a n d p o o r ”— through efforts of Furley and C h u rch Brasier (1st superintendent). Decem ber 4 th .— O phthalm ic H o spital opened in Jerusalem by Order of St. John, through efforts of S ir E. Lechm ere. 1884.— Volunteer M edical Staff Corps established through efforts of M ajor Andrew M acClure, Dr. Ewatt, and D r. (now Sir) Jam es Cantlie. 1887.— St. John Am bulance Brigade established by O rder of St. John, through efforts of Furley, B rasier and Lechm ere— “ fo r civilian needs a n d as arm y a n d navy reserves ”— on the model of Margate Corps. F irst D ivision, St. Jo h n ’s Gate No. 1. J u n e 2 1 s t .— Jubilee of Queen V icto ria celebrated, and first official p ublic duty of members of S .J.A .B ., 50 men on duty. 1889.— H ospitals Association Street A m bulance Ser vice started in Lo ndon through efforts of D r. R yan (St. M ary’s H o sp ital) and of M r. H . L. Bishoffheim er, who paid all expenses. A m bulance Service established in Paris, through efforts of Dr. H e n ri Nachtel. 1890 ( J u ly ).— First A nnual Cam p of Instruction, S .J.A .B ., held at Tetherdown, M uswell H ill. Repeated year by year to 1898, after which date annual D istrict Cam ps held. 1892.— F irst Overseas A m bulance Corps, S .J.A .B ., established at D unedin, New Zealand.

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^ 9 3 (J a n u a ry 1 s t ).— F irst N ursing D ivision, S .J.A .B ., formed at St. Jo h n ’s Gate, through efforts of M rs. Church B rasier (Supt.) and Mrs. C alvin Lin es (Secretary). J u ly 6 th .— W edding of George, P rince of W ales, and M ary, and first p u blic duty of N ursing Sisters, S .J.A .B . f u ly .— Challenge C u p 'presented to S .J.A .B . by Dr. Symons E ccle s— “ to commemorate their duties a t R o y a l W ed d in g ”— and won this year by St. Jo h n ’s Gate D ivision. Revision of S .J.A .A . M an ual— now called “ F irst A id to the In ju re d ”— by D r. Robert Bruce. 1894.— Deaths of S ir E . Lechm ere and C olonel F. Duncan. fit ly .— F irst appearance of the monthly journal F i r s t A id , edited by Dr. Heaton How ard. N ovem ber .— N ursing Lectures introduced by Dr. Sam Osborn for members of Brigade. S .J.A .A . Textbook on H om e-N ursing written by Dr. E . M acD ow ell Cosgrave. 1895 (M a rch p th ).— F irst Conference of Officers, S .J.A .B ., assembled at Northam pton — " t o arrange details o f organisation, including uniform , d r i ll a n d code o f rules.” Chairm an, Colonel E. T . Thackeray, V .C . (Com m issioner); Secretaries, M r. W illiam R . Edw ards and M r. W. H . W in n y ; Delegates, 8 5 ; Brigade membership, 4,218 men and 480 women. U niform of M etropolitan Corps adopted. T h is Conference brought about the consolidation of the Brigade and the settlement of outstanding difficulties between the M etropolitan and P ro vin cial Corps. It was repeated annually at various centres up to (and including) 1901, when it was discontinued — "because B rig a d e now thought established an d w e ll organised.” A p r il .— -Am bulance Service established in B erlin.

Beginnings and popularity o f A m bulance Reviews, Com petitions and displays. (T o be concluded).

Sailwaij JUnbulanee. L . & N.-W . R y .— T he annual meeting of the New-street Station Class at Birm ingham was held on January 8th, when the awards gained by the members were distributed by |the D istrict Supt., M r. R . T . M orcom , who is president of the Classes. F o r the first time a class has been organised for the female staff, and the result has been very satisfactory. Some particulars were given of the work done by the members, who form the New-street D ivision of the St. Jo h n A m bulance Corps, and who are also enrolled with the 15th W orcestershire V .A .D ., under Com m andant H ickm am H aw kin s. These included d rills (70 4 ) and hospital and public duties (540). T h e hospital duties were performed principally in the Q ueen’s H o sp ital Casualty W ard and the V .A .D H ospitals. T h e p u blic duties covered motor transport, rest stations and doing p u blic duty. In recognition of their services, presentations were made to A m bulance Officer J . F . L isle and Sergt. W . H . B ird, also a wedding gift to the A m bulance Superintendent of the New-street D ivision, M r. J. C. Graham . A present from the W om en’s Class was given to D r. W . Chancellor, lecturer,

W hen corresponding w ith A dvertisers please m en tion “ F irst A id.”

— FIRST

February, 1919. R e v ie w s . J.

S U T H E R L A N D ’S F IR S T A ID TO T H E IN J U R E D A N D S IC K . By H alliday G. Sutherland, M.D. London : Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., Ltd. P rice 4<i. net.

THIS book was first published in 1887 by Dr. J. F. Sutherland! and his aim was to give a concise and clear account of first aid in a volume that could be carried in the waistcoat pocket. This book has now run to thirty-nine editions. It contains, besides the reading matter, ten diagrams, two of which are in colour, and for the purpose of ready reference it should prove of much use. T H E M O TO R M AN U AL. London : Temple Press, Ltd. P r ice 2s. 6d. net.

The ambulance man and woman have of recent years had to handle motor ambulances, and a book which gives them in formation non-technical language should be of considerable use. The twenty-second edition of the manual is thoroughly up-to-date and contains a complete description of the magneto with diagrams. T h is is probably the most baffling part of a motor car from the amateur’s point of view. Lighting systems are also fully dealt with ; in fact everything that a motorist should know. It is an excellent book. HOME N U R S IN G . London : St. John Ambulance Association. P rice is . 6d. net.

Nursing lectures were in 1894 added to the Syllabus of Instruction of the St. John Ambulance Association, and the excellent textbook by Dr. E. MacDowel Cosgrave has enjoyed a long spell of well-merited popularity and usefulness. In view, however, of many advances in medicine and nursing it has fallen behind the times, and a new edition of the textbook has now been published. This has been entirely re-written by Miss Mildred Heather-Bigg, Matron of Charing Cross Hospital, and revised by the same Committee which dealt sim ilarly with the new edition of the “ First Aid Manual.” The book has been brought thoroughly up-to-date, and in its mode of compilation shows a decided improvement. A list of questions has been added to each chapter, and should prove of great assistance to beginners, while the glossary at the end of the book (which is not intended for purposes of examination) will be most serviceable to advanced students. Further, dis cussion of fevers has been most wisely transferred from the beginning to the termination of the course of lectures. On the other hand, we regret the absence of a Summary of Contents, such as figures in the “ First Aid M an ual” and also the presence of some unfortunate errors, for which the Com mittee must accept full resposibility. M iss Heather-Bigg appears to have overlooked the fact that she was writing a textbook for treatment in the home by members of the house hold, as is apparent on p. 188, where it is laid down that the patient roust be made “ accustomed to his surroundings and nurse,” although he is actually in his own home and probably being nursed by his wife. Further, there are many other instructions which could only be carried out by fully-trained hospital nurses. As an example of this details are given on p. 102 for the feeding of an unconscious patient, a step totally opposed to the teaching of first aid and all emergency work by laymen and women ! Another peculiar instruction is given on p. 190, where the home nurse is told to “ paint again (with iodine) immediately before operation and yet again before last stitching ” ! Again, the instructions on p. 195 for counting of swabs is decidedly out of

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place, as it is difficult to imagine any surgeon undertaking an abdominal operation, as is actually suggested, without skilled assistance ! In short, we are of opinion that although the textbook as a whole creates a most favourable impression, yet the chapter on Surgical Nursing, excellent as it may be for professional nurses, will require further and more careful revision before it can be deemed suitable for a Home Nursing course. Lastly, we must warn students not to be misled by the mistake on p. 198, where primary is badly confused with reactionary arterial haemorrhage.

Setters to the Sditor. We are in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , Etc.

S.J.A.A. B E N E V O L E N T F U N D . S i r ,— I n the January issue of F ir s t A id , under “ Brevities,” I notice that the S.J.A.B. authorities are spoken of as having under consideration a proposal to establish a Brigade Benevolent Fund. This being so, it may interest you, also the S.J.A.B. authorities, to know that our Men’s V .A .D ., Cheshire 9, formed a Detachment Benevolent Fund in June, 1918, which has un questionably supplied a means of assisting each other, and in cidentally will help considerably in keeping the members of the detachment together, now that the time is reached' when luke warmness and a falling off might naturally be expected. D u r ing the eight months our fund has been running, we have assisted by way of grants from the fund various members, who have unfortunately been laid aside by sickness during that time. Experience teaches, and the members are convinced that the formation of the Benevolent Fund was a move in the right direction. The expressions of thanks and gratitude from members who have benefitted more than repay for the trouble taken in carrying out the details, and our motto will be— go right on with it. That is what we hope the Brigade authorities will do, and if at any time Cheshire 9 can be of assistance re details or any other matter, I am sure my committee will be only too pleased to do all they can to help. Trusting the S.J.A.B. Benevolent Fund will become an accomplished fact, and wishing it every success,— I am, yours faithfully, W . H. D a s c o m b e , Hon. Sec. St. John V .A .D . Cheshire 9 Benevolent Fund. S i r ,— I t is very gratifying on looking back these past four years to see how well “ F .A .” has endured and survived the trials, difficulties and anxieties only properly understood by those who know what producing a periodical means. I hope you will accept my sincere congratulations, and further that “ F. A.'' may yet be on a firmer footing in the future, particu larly espousing the cause of S.J.A.A. The information on page 105 for January that “ the B ri gade authorities have under consideration the proposal to establish a S.J.A.B. Benevolent F u n d ” is very pleasing to me. You will see what I had to say on that matter on p. 138, “ F. A.” for January, 1913. On p. 101, F. A .” December, 1912, I find, under “ Editorial,” that “ It is much to be regreetted that the proceedings were held in camera ” when this project was first mooted— mainly, if I remember rightly, through the instrumentality of “ F. A.”— Yours faithfully, E. J. R. F IR S T A ID C O M P E T IT IO N S . SIR,— I have read with much interest the views expressed by Mr. F. J. Anderson, in your issue of January, on Ambulance Competitions, which are all much to the point and, I trust, they may be taken to heart by those responsible for the organisation of the many ambulance competitions, which it is the wish of all

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— FIRST

enthusiastic first aiders, will be resumed as soon as circum stances permit. As one who has been prviileged on many occasions to witness the final rounds of which are perhaps the most import ant of such contests, viz., the Inter-Railw ay Challenge Shield and Dewar Shield (Brigade) Competitions, I realise the great importance of some of the points dealt with in Mr. Atkinson’s helpful criticisms and suggestions. I regard the question of the “ patient’’ being a member of the team as one which calls for immediate remedy, and remember that from time to time you have advocated a change in this respect in the columns of F ir s t A i d , and put forward arguments in favour of the “ patient” not being known to the competitors, which are both)sound and convincing. Mr. Anderson speaks of the advantages of the No. 4 man (the captain) of a team being able to memorise and visualise the surroundings under which the competition test cases are suppose to take place, in which I entirely agree, but I have often been struck by the advantages to a team under existing conditions when their No. 5 man, or “ patient,” is possessed of the qualities so desirable in No. 4, and it must be borne in mind that the “ patient” is not handicapped by having to take any active part in the treatment. I do not here wish to re iterate the many telling points you have advanced in your pages on various occasions in favour of the four-man team sug gestion, but would point out that at a time when the conditions of these competitions are being reviewed with regard to their revival is opportune for those concerned to again seriously con sider the distinct advantages of the “ patients” in all first aid competitions being unknown to the competitors. Reverting to the remark that competitors should be able to visualise their supposed surroundings, has not the time arrived when some real assistance should be afforded in this direction, and when the test should be adequately staged ? Your correspondent cites the case of a man being penalised because he folded up his overcoat and placed it on a mattress supposed to represent a pond. Is any ambulance worker likely to make such a mistake in an active case? These com petitions are devised to train ambulance workers to act promptly and intelligently in times of real crisis ; surely then they should be assisted, and not handicapped, in their efforts to handle cases of supposed disability ? W hat man in his senses would put his overcoat on a pond and fish it out to cover a patient afterwards ? The idea is too ridiculous, and for a man to be penalised in the circumstances is to discourage ardent workers and to deter others from taking up this form of first aid educa tion, when a more intelligent system of staging the “ tests” and marking the work would do much to make the competitions not only attractive but distinctly helpful from an educational point of view. Those of us who have been associated with ambulance work for many years, and during that time readers of F ir s t A id , will remember that the points to which your correspond ent refers in his article, have nearly, if not all, been discussed in your columns in pre-war days, and it is hoped that your campaign for the general improvement of first aid competitions will be carried on until the suggestions to which he so ably directs attention, and to which you have directed attention in the past, are adopted. It is not putting the case too high to say that these con tests are regarded by many as an integral part of the education of the complete first-aider, besides which they infuse that whole some spirit of rivalry between various sections of ambulance workers which makes for efficiency and provides a welcome diversion in the study of a subject which, pursued on ordinary lines of textbook study and practice, is liable to become some what desultry and irksome because of its limitations.— Yours, &c., I. O. D in e .

U n d e r g r o u n d R y s . ( N o . 7 7 ) D i v i s i » n . — A success ful P lain and Fancy Dress C arn ival was held at the A lbert Stanley Institute, Ham m ersm ith, on January 7th, in aid of division al funds. T h e large num ber of fancy dresses made the judging d iffic u lt ; six prize were awarded.

AID. —

February, 1919

Queries and .Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana comer of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A id , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut prom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?. — The Textbook, to which iejerer.ce may be made in tktse columns, is the Revised (1Q17) Edition of S .J .A .A . Manual o f First-Aid. T r eatm en t

o f

C o n c u s s io n .

H. G. (Finchley).— The Textbooks are diplomatic about the position of a patient suffering from Concussion of Brain. Generally speaking, we know why pallor of face indicates low position of head and vice versa. In concussion we get pallor of face, but the cause which set up these signs may soon change them to those of Compression. Anticipating the latter, should not the First-Aider be very careful about the position of the head, as the bloodvessels are strained and possibly ruptured by the blow? The condition, there fore, may be dangerously aggravated by effects of gravity in lowering the head below level of heart when patient is recumbent. As this point is in dispuie, we shall appreciate your ever-welcome riding. Before dealing with the query 1 must first point out two errors— ( l) Compression is a very rare complication of Con cussion, and (2) pallor (or flush) of face indicates slig ht lower ing (or raising) of head and shoulders and not head only. The latter (for reasons fully discussed in these columns last April) would do no good, and might gravely interfere with breathing. The “ diplom acy” of the Textbooks is due to the fact that there are degrees of Concussion (as of Shock) varying with the severity of the cause from momentary giddiness and mental confusion to complete loss of consciousness. For this reason it is difficult to lay down precise instructions as to position of patient, choice of which must be left to the First-Aider’s dis crim ination in exercising General Rules modified by Prin ciples. Thus, no change of position may be required. On the other hand, i f p a llo r o f fa ce is w ell marked and persistent , after head injury, then the degree of Con cussion is palpably severe, and a recumbent position w ith head and shoulders slightly lowered is indicated. Note that theGeneral Rules for Tieatment of Insensibility are based on the assumption that the First-Aider may not know the cause, and that he can always treat the symptoms (i.e., effects of a cause) as these arise. Lastly, keeping head and shoulders low would not precipitate the onset of Compression, though raising of head, &c., might tend to delay recovery from Concussion.— N. CORBET FLETCHER.

U ses

o f

T o u r n iq u e t .

A. B. (Newcastle).— I have searched several textbooks in vain for precise instructions as to when a tourniquet should be used, and shall be greatly obliged if you will help me in this matter. You will find the instructions in A id s to F ir s t A i d (p. 42). W ith a Tourniquet six points merit attention. Thus, (1) its use is indicated only when direct pressure is impossible or fails, especially with a main artery (brachial or femoral), a foreign body in wound, or a fracture beneath wound ; (2) its use is a last resource in treatment, like stimulation with brandy and bandaging limbs for collapse ; (3) its p a d m ust be p laced (and kept) accurately on the pressure joint ; (4) its tw istin g appara tus m ust be arranged (and kept) carefully on the side of the

February, 1919.

—FIRST

limb exactly opposite to the pad ; (5) its pressure m ust be ju s t sufficient (this often varies from moment to moment) to stop the bleeding ; and (6) it m ust be relaxed and, if possible, removed

129

AID. —

his dress and excited universal admiration on account of his immaculate appearance. One day he slipped outside my place of business and cut his leg. So, of course, 1 offered my help — but, when I exposed the wound, I found that “ all is not gold that glitters,” and that the d irt, was so ingrained into his Je g that I could have scraped it off with my penknife. I did not attempt this, but producing a bucket of water and some soap, I told my patient to clean his leg first. Next, I sent for another bucket of water and declined any treatment until the other leg had been sim ilarly treated ! T h is done, 1 dressed the wound of the leg and gather that it healed alright ; but nowadays, though I often meet my late patient, yet he never' sees me !— C. W. (Hampstead).

within thirty minutes, according to the Textbook, though per sonally I consider that this period is too long— in view of the pain and discomfort caused to patient— and that this step should be taken within fifteen minutes.— N. C. F.

S^actical joints. T h e E d i t o r in v it e s N o tes on a c t u a l C a ses— w it h s p e c ia l re fe re n ce to gooa a n d b a d b o in ts i n 7're a tm e n t— f o r in c lu s io n i n t h is C o lu m n .

FACTORY AND WORKSHOP T h e

V a g a r ie s

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FIRST AID

Referring to the interesting “ Practical P o in t” published in the December issue, I recently met with a similar experi ence. Being on duty at a Boxing Exhibition 1 wa$ called to the help of a man who was seized with a severe epileptic fit, from which he seemed to recover quickly. Consequently I advised him to accompany me downstairs to a quiet room. On the stairs, however, he suddenly became excited and accused me of having emptied his pockets and stolen his season ticket. In fact, he became so violent that two policeman had to inter fere and restrain him. Five minutes later he, with equal sud denness, became quiet and was most profuse in his thanks for services rendered.— F. S. (Broad-street). T h e

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We Invite Every Ambitious Nurse to Study at leisure this Expert Nursing Knowledge at home or in Hospital, for seven days, free. A H IS T O R Y O F N U R S IN G : The Law relating to Nurses and Nursing— Training Schools and Nursing Institutions— Nursing as a Vocation —The Relation of the Nurse to Doctor and Patient— Hospital Management— The Work of a Hospital Probationer— Nursing in Poor Law Institutions — Army Nursing— Male Nursing. T H E T H E O R Y O F N U R S IN G A N A T O M Y : by D r . R u s s e l H o w a r d . P H Y S IO L O G Y : by D r . B o s a n q u e t . B A C T E R IO L O G Y : b y D r . S l a t e r — Elementary Pharmacy— The Elements of Public Hygiene, Air, Water, Soil, and the Physical Condition of the People. T H E P R A C T IC E O F N U R S IN G : Personal Hygiene for the Nurse — Signs and Symptoms of Disease as observed by the Nurse— Practical Details of Nursing— The Nursing of Phthisis— The Nursing of Chest Affections other than Phthisis—Surgical and Accident Nursing— Nursing of Infectious Diseases— The Nursing of Tropical Diseases— District Nursing— The Nursing of Light, X-Rays, Heat and Electricity Cases—The Nursing of Nervous Diseases—Nursing Sick Children— The Nursing of Orthopedic Cases. G Y N A E C O L O G IC A L N U R S IN G : The Nursing of Heart and other Affections. M E N T A L N U R S IN G : I. Theoretical, by D r . Percy H ughes — II. Mental Practical Nursing of the Insane— The Care of the Aged— Sick Room Cookery. M A S S A G E : The Nauheim or Scott Treatment. M ID W IF E R Y : The Pelvis—The Organs of Generation— The Ovum—Pregnancy— Normal Labour— Obstetric Diagnosis —The Puerperium—Antiseptics— Puerperal Sepsis— Prolonged Labour— Uterine Inertia— Slow Dilation—Contracted Pelvis— Abnormal Presentations— Multiple Pregnancy— Post-partum Hemorr hage— Interrupted Pregnancy— Ante-partum Haemorrhage— Eclampsia— Rupture of the Uterus— Pulmonary Embolism— Complications of Pregnancy— Drugs and Appliances— Abnormalities of the Infant. M O N T H L Y N U R S IN G : Pregnancy and Preparation for Confinement— Care of the new-born Infant— Glossary— Index. H u n d re d s

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— FIRST

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February, 1919.

M ANUALS OF FIRST-AID, &e.,

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ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. Edited by A R T H U R No. 297.— V

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and the travelling public, and we understand that during the two years the organisation has been in existence, street accidents in the Lon don area have been reduced by 35 per cent.

Efforts are now to be directed to the industrial

undertakings, this is bound to have a beneficial effect. T h ere is a large class of accidents sometimes said to due to carelessness, but often arising from the inevitable fallib ility of the hum an m achine.

Such are cases of

workers allowing their hands to be drawn into machines when feeding them, such accidents are inevitable, and whatever precautionary measures are adopted such classes of accidents are bound to arise, in a word, you cannot make factories “ fool proof.”

Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London.” Telephone No. 5471 Bank.

T h is move

ment in the past has been directed to large corporations

It is, therefore, necessary,

when accidents do occur to lessen the risk of their becom ing fatal. M u ch has been done in this respect in providing first aid equipment, and in certain industries it has been

ED ITO RIAL.

made com pulsory to provide such equipm ent.

T h ere is no

doubt that these com pulsory measures w ill be extended to other industries in the course of time, but what we should The Prevention of Accidents.

S o m e years ago a Departm ental Com-

lik e to see is the expansion of the training of first aid, so

mittee

that employees know how to use the equipm ent provided,

was

appointed by the Hom e

Office to enquire into the causes and

to the best advantage.

circum stances of the increase in t h e .

hand-in-hand with the “ Safety F ir s t ” M ovement, when we

num ber of reported accidents in certain

shall then arrive at something like accidents being reduced

classes of factories and workshops, and,

to the minim um , instead of the startling figures with which

after sifting a great deal of evidence, certain recom menda

T h is training in first aid should go

we are now confronted.

tions were made, amongst which were the improvement in the guarding of m achinery and the absolute prohibition against all forms of cleaning m achinery while in motion. A t the date of the appointm ent o f the committee the constant rise in the num ber of reported accidents had been the cause of disquietude for some years.

T h e total of

reported accidents rose from 79,020 in 1900 to 100,609 ‘n 1905 and 124,325 in 1907, while in the year 1918 they rose to approxim ately 150,000. T h is alarm ing increase in the num ber of accidents, is in a great measure due to the “ speeding u p ” in industries owing to the war, but, nevertheless, these figures are alarm ing, in spite of the great im provements which have been

L e ic e s t e r V .A .D s.— M r. A. W. Faire, the County D irector, entertained on M arch 3rd, at Leicester, a large party of V .A .D s . In c lu d e d in the invitations were 21 detachments of women, and 9 of men, and the gathering was thoroughly successful and highly interesting. M r. Faire made an excellent host and, as might be expected, the m ilitary element was strongly represented. W hat the town of Leicester owes M r. Faire for his persistent and selfdenying efforts in the organisation and efficient maintainance of the V .A . Detachm ents, only those who have been brought closely in touch with the movement can "ade quately appreciate,

— FIRST

J 34

Jta» Grand 3*riorg of the G rd tr of the h o sp ita l of S t. Jo h n of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BULANCE

The

S t.

Jo h n

DEPARTM ENT.

.Ambulance

Brigade.

No. 1 District.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r : , W . H. W IN N Y , O .B.E.

------

A P R IL 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 6th.— No. 44 Division, West London Division. „ 13th.No. 46 „ Ilford. „ 20th.— No. 47 „ L.B. & S.C. Ry. W illow W alk. „ 27th— No. 48 „ Ealing. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Key from St.John’s

Gate, 2 p.m.

P U B L IC D U T Y . Officers and Members in charge of Divisions are reminded that much inconvenience would be saved if, when it appears in the Public Press that public duty may be expected, they at once ascertain how many members of their Division will be available for duty. It is noticed that some Divisions appear on duty with in sufficient stores. It is very important that every ambulance detachment should parade with stretcher and surgical haversac. Nursing Divisions should also provide themselves with a light haversac containing simple equipment. It is expected that duty will be required on Saturday, M arch 22nd, officers in charge should ascertain as soon as possible how many of their members will be available. A N N U A L G E N E R A L M E E T IN G . The annual general meeting of the ambulance and nursing officers, and members in charge of divisions in the No. 1 D is trict, will be held at St. John’s Gate on Saturday afternoon, March 29th, at 3 30 p.m. Officers who wish to place any motion on the agenda for discussion, should send it in as early as possible, but notice must reach the D istrict Office not later than the first post on Friday, March 21st, in order .that the agenda may be cir culated before the meeting. O F F IC E R S T R A IN IN G C O U R S E . The next meeting in connection with the officers training course will be held on Wednesday, A pril 19th, at 7-3° P - m -, the St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, E.C., under the direction of the Corps Superintendent. S E R G E A N T S ’ A N D C O R P O R A L S ’ C LA SS . The next meeting in connection with the Sergeants’ and Corporals’ class will be held in the St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, E.C., on Wednesday, A pril 2nd, at 7.30 p.m. No other notice will be sent of these meetings. E X A M IN A T IO N S F O R P R O M O T IO N . Officers in charge of Divisions sometimes ask Head quarters to arrange for the examination of men who prove, when the examination is held, to be far below the standard re quired. It is pointed out that this is throwing unnecessary wor-k on the Examiner, and gives needless disappointment to the candidate. It is hoped that officers will in future be careful to ascertain as far as possible, that the candidate whose name is sent in, has a reasonable chance of passing the examination. Candidates should have a knowledge of the use of litters and the loading of ambulance wagons. “ M E N T IO N S ” F O R S E R V IC E . Office communication issued on February 13th stated that Mr. G. J. Gully, of the “ P ” Division, Special Con stable, had beed brought to the notice of the Home Secretary, A

H o m e

AID. —

March 1919.

for valuable services rendered during the war. Mr. G ully is the Superintendent of the Norwood Division of the Prince of W ales’s Corps. M E M B E R S ON A C T IV E S E R V IC E . Officers in charge of Ambulance Divisions should ascer tain as promptly as possible when members of their Division who have been incorporated in units of the Army and Navy, other than through the Reserves of the M .H .H .R . or the R.N .A .S.B .R ., are demobilised. Hitherto, men serving either in the Army or Navy have been allowed to count the lime in these Forces towards their efficiency in the Brigade, but when demobilised this privilege will at once cease. Members who receive the rank of Sergeant or Corporal in the Regular Forces will be allowed to carry this rank in the Brigade on their return to civil life. T his does not apply to Volunteer Forces at home. (Signed) W . H. W IN N Y , Commissioner.

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C. IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . Lady Maud B. W ilbraham , Lady District Supt. No. 1 D istrict, and Miss Rideout, Staff Officer No. 1 District, pre sented on February 19th, a wedding present to II.R .H . Princess Patricia on behalf of the nursing officers and nursing sisters of the Prince of W ales’ Corps (No. 1 District) which the Princess graciously accepted. The present was a handsome W illiam IV . silver tea tray. The inscription in the middle of the tray was as follow s:— “ Presented to H .R .H Princess Patricia on the occasion of her marriage, February 27th, 1919, by the Nursing Officers and Nursing Sisters Prince of W ales’ Corps, St. John Ambulance Brigade.” The St. John Cross was engraved in the centre. H a m p s t e a d N u r s in g D iv is io n .— On Monday, Feb' ruary 24th, the members of the Hampstead Nursing Division, who had been acting as V.A .D s., nursing at Caen Wood Towers American Hospital during the war, were entertained at the Hampstead Town H a ll by Miss Hoare and Mrs. Noble. Amongst those present in addition to ihe Detachment were the Mayor of Hampstead, The Commissioner, The Lady D istrict Superintendent Lady Maud W illbram , and a large number of other visitors. The gathering was very successful, and formed a pleasing termination to a period of hard work done for wounded soldiers. P o p l a r N u r s in g (N o . 19) D iv is io n .— On February 22nd a successful concert was held in Christ Church Parish H all, Cubitt Town, the proceeds being devoted partly to the funds of the Section and also towards purchasing sick room requisites. A scheme has been started whereby the members of this Section are devoting their time to Home Nursing, and will be enabled to loan out such articles as are required in the carrying out of this work, but which in the ordinary home are not obtainable. Sir James and Lady Cantlie were prevented by indis position from being present. Nursing Sister Mrs. A. Reid (Member in charge of the Section) and Pte. J. Reid (M illw all Section) No. 7 (Toynbee H all) Division, were the promoters of the concert. No. 4 District. M a n c h e s t e r . — On March 8th the South Division of th Manchester Special Police, St. John Ambulance Brigade

M arch, 1919

—FIRST

a very successful social evening. A splendid programme was arranged and much enjoyed by all present. Among the visitors present were Police Supt. Tongue, Ambulance Supt. F. Ellison, Corps Supt. of Stores H. Eastwood, and Police Sergt. Clarke. The members took the opportunity of expressing their esteem and regard for the Superintendent of the Division, R. T. Stratham, by presenting him with a silver rose bowl suitably inscribed. The presentation was made by Mr. Vowles, who in a very happy speech expressed the good feeling and fellowship existing between Mr. Stratham and all the members during the four years the Division has been formed. Mr. Vowles also eulogised the services rendered to the Division by Mr. Stra tham in giving them so freely of his time and his great know ledge and experience of ambulance work. During the evening refreshments were provided and a very pleasant Social was concluded with singing Auld Lang Syne.

No. 5 District. S H E F F I E L D . — Saturday, Sunday and Monday (February 8th, 9th and 10th), are days which will stand out prominently in the chronicles of the Sheffield Corps, and probably in the city itse lf; the Cinema had not hitherto found a place in Shef field Sunday engagements, but it did so on Sunday evening, February 8th at the “ Don Picture Palace,” when the Asso ciation’s official Lecturer and Demonstrator, Ambulance Officer C. Hanmer, delivered his interesting and instructive lecture entitled the “ Verdict, or What the Press R eveals” to an audience of close upon 1,600 people. The chair was taken by the Lord Mayor, Alderman Irons, who was supported by Assistant Commissioner H. C. Else, numerous medical gentlemen, and representatives of some of the large steel and engineering works. The film which depicts some of the “ body’s deadly foes,’ the heart of a rabit beating under normal and abnormal con ditions, and the wonderful working diagram showing the blood circulation, all combined to keep the large audience interested until the final picture was shown and the lights went up. Supt. Taylor (who organised the arrangements for Ambu lance Officer Hanmer’s visit), when addressing the audience at the conclusion of the lecture, said they had heard a lecture, the title of which was “ The Verdict ” ; he would like a verfict from them ; would they like the lecturer to come again ? The affirmative response was a sufficient indication that everybody had been pleased. Two other excellent lectures were delivered by Ambulance Officer Hanmer during his v isit: “ W hy Everybody should have a Knowledge of First Aid ” on Saturday evening, Feb ruary 8th at St. James’ Institute,: “ Nature as a First A id e r” at the Victoria Hall, on Monday evening, both lectures were well attended and keenly appreciated. We regret to have to record the death of Nursing Sister E . W illis, of the Nursing Division of the Sheffield Corps. Mrs. W illis was one of the most ardent workers, being a member of V.A.D. W .R. Yorks., No. 66. She had rendered valuable ser vice for twelve months at the Ecclesall Auxiliary Hospital and twelve months at the Birmingham and Ripon War Hospitals, and up to the time of her death was head cook at the Lydgatelane Auxiliary Hospital, Sheffield. At the interment at Burngreave Cemetery on February 28th, there were present a number of her old comrades of the Sheffield Nursing Division, who formed a Guard of Honour at the Church.

No. 6 District.

H u l l .— T he Corps secretary’s report of the H ull Corps from October 1st, 1917 to December 1st, 1918, states that the strength on December 31st, 1918, was :— Ambulance Divisions : Corps officers, 5 ; divisional sur geons, 13; divisional superintendents,^; ambulance officers, 11 ; sergeants, 2 4 ; corporals, 3 9 ; privates, 525 ; total, 626. Nursing Divisions : Corps officers, 4 ; divisional surgeons, 14 ; divisional superintendents, 10 ; nursing officers, 39 ; nursing sisters, 729 ; total, 796. A total of 1,422, being an increase o&f

AID —

135

83 over last year. The above comprises 23 divisions, 12 am bulance and 11 nursing. Two new divisions have been formed during the year, North-Eastern Railway Nursing Division, with headquarters at Paragon Station, and E a rl’s Shipyard, Hedon-road. Owing to the large increase during the past four years in the number of nursing divisions, headquarters have sanctioned the formation of a complete staff of lady corps officers, who will, in future, deal with all matters concerning nursing divisions. W ith the signing of the armistice the necessity of staffing air raid dressing stations with ambulance workers automatically ceased. Cordial thanks are accorded the members who, for more than four years, gave their time and services to this valu able work. Thanks are also accorded to the member who for two years formed the naval transport section meeting the ambu lance trains. The motor ambulance service during the year has been augmented by the presentation of two ambulance cars, one by the H ull Co-operative Society and the other by Messrs. Coch rane & Sons, shipbuilders, Selby. U p to the present, owing to shortage of petrol, these waggons have only been used for long distance cases, 40 journeys being made, covering a total distance of r, r59 miles. No. 8 District.

B r ig h t o n & H o v e .— T he annual distribution of awards to members of the Division took place in the Town Hall, Brighton, on February 24th. The chair was occupied by Sir W. Gentle, Corps Supt., who was supported by the Mayor, Col. Robinson, Divisional Surgeon Dr. Orlebar, Lady Supts. Miss Mayhew, Mr«. Hart, Miss Theobald, Supts. Fillm er and Pickett, and Ambulance Officer Heath, A well-deserved tribute to the work of the members was paid by the chairman in his opening remarks. Personally, he was glad to take the earliest opportunity of expressing his deep gratitude to them for all they had done. He was glad to be able to state that the superintendents of the various D ivisions reported that they were in the highest state of effici ency, and that they had been more than pleased with the attention shown by every individual member in the lectures. The awards, consisting of medallions and certificates were then distributed by Col. Robinson, who also handed to Commandant Yates and Divisional Corps Secretary Vitler labels to be added to their medallions.

No. 12 (Irish) District.

Although the war is virtually ove'-, steps are being taken to carry on the excellent work done by the Brigade during the past four years. There are numerous directions in which its activities can be continued, and it is gratifying to note the enthusiasm which is being displayed, especially by the women, in organising schemes to meet the needs of the moment and of the future. The influenza epidemic at present raging in the country has provided an opportunity for service by nursing sisters, to which they have loyally and unselfishly responded. Night and day they are on duty in hospitals, with dispensary doctors or district nurses, or tending the poor at their humble homes. Surely a great work of mercy. In conjunction with the Royal Irish Automile Club, who have offered the use of an ambulance to the Lord Mayor of Dublin, the Brigade have placed stretcher bearers at the ser vice of the public health authorities for the removal of infected patients to hospital. Messrs. W. & R. Jacob’s Nursing Division, composed en tirely of girls who work in the factory, have taken up the care and nursing of those in that firm who are laid up with in fluenza, and, headed by M iss Barrington, their Divisional Superintendent, this unit after working hours are doing valiant service for their fellow workers. M a n y p e op le are a s k i n g what is to be do n e n o w th at the

—FIRST

136

war is over. The answer is, “ carry on.” The war is oven suffering remains ; the hospital ships have ceased to arrive but there are thousands of our fellow creatures who require our services; sick folk who get little or no attention at home; little mites whose mothers cannot afford them the care or the food they require ; bed-ridden patients to whom a friendly chat is a tonic ; these are but a few of the many channels into which Brigade members may direct their energies, and we are sure there will be a hearty response to any call that may be made on them — P r o utilitate H om inum . W e regret to announce the death from influenza of Dr. N eill J. Blayney, Maryboiough. Dr. Blayney was most popu lar in the district and gave valuable assistance to the local division. He was lecturer and examiner for the Irish Centre St. John Ambulance Association. A D u b lin V .A .D . Club .— A unique feature of Brigade work in Dublin is the opening of a club for the use of women members of the British Red Cross Society and of the St. John Ambulance Brigade at 24, Molesworth-street. W e recently had the pleasure of visiting and inspecting the club premises, and were favourably impressed with the arrange ments that have been made to provide for the comfort of its members. A ll the appointments are very complete. On the ground floor is a large, airy and tastefully decorated dining room where luncheons and teas are provided at moderate charges. The upstairs portion is devoted to lounge, writingroom, library and bedrooms. There is also a class-room, which may be booked at a nominal charge for meetings. An entire St. John Division or Red Cross Detachment can join the club for a guinea per annum. For is. a member can join the library, and a charge of id. is made each time a book is changed. Members can introduce visitors of either sex to the club, which is open on weekdays from n a.m. to 10 p.m., and from 3 p.m. to 10 p.m. on Sundays. Members of any Detachments or Divisions that have joined are entitled to all the privileges of membership and are most welcome at any time. Much of the success of the club is ' due to Assistant County Director Mrs. C. F. Cooke, Com mandant Mrs. McCrae, and Lady Superintendent Mrs. Rowlette. Owing to a breakdown in health the Commissioner Sir John Lumsden, K .B .E ., has been obliged to go to the South of France for 3 months. We are pleased to hear that Sir John is benefiting by his enforced holiday, and he has the best wishes of every member of the Brigade for a speedy return to his usual good health. In the meantime his work is being carried on by his deputy, Mr. W . G. Smith.

A D a y ’s W o r k A m b u la n c e S t a t i o n

a t a P r o v in c ia l D u r i n g H o s t ilit ie s .

By H E D L E Y V. M I L L E R (Fello w of the College of Am bulance).

I t is 7 a.m., the “ m orning re lie f” arrives before full daylight and the men who have voluntarily spent the previous night at the station relate their experiences whilst their senior colleague writes the report ere they journey to their occupations in business, workshop or amidst the din of the shipyard. T h e motor driver proceeds to clean the large am bu lance which from 3 a.m. to 5.30 a.m. was engaged in re moving from the neighbouring docks to hospital the piti able remnant of the crew of a large merchant vessel which at nightfall had become a victim to the pirate U boats cruising in the vicin ity of the port. T h e blood stained stretchers tell a story of shrapnell riddled lifeboats— and worse. Car washing is barely completed and the store officer

AID. —

March, 1919

hardly replaced the last bandage in the depleted haversacks when the telephone gives its first ring. A factory is calling for help for an employee who, by disregarding “ Safety F ir s t ” rules urgently needs “ F irst A ids. In two minutes the large glass doors of the station have opened and the am bulance, with its driver and two attendants in their black uniforms, speeding on its errand of mercy, its warning gong clearing the road like that of a London fire engine. On returning to the am bulance stations, the patients who are sent by their m edical men for redressings or fomentations are attended in the well-equipped casualty room. T h e poor people, who are attended free of charge, are at first somewhat abashed at the spotless floor, white enamelled walls and gleaming sterilisers, but the sympa thetic attention of the white gowned dressers soon puts them at their ease. It is now 11.30 a.m., and the staff is enjoying a brief “ stand easy,” when the clang of the accident alarm and the drop of the indicator summons aid to a neighbouring thoroughfare. T h e call is from the indispensable con stable, who is found strenuously endeavouring to keep the crowd from preventing fresh air reaching the prostrate form of a man wearing a silver badge, who is lying in the grip of the convulsions which so frequently follow shell shock. After lunch the call of a country doctor means a jo u r ney for the sm aller “ Overland ” am bulance van to a hamlet fifteen miles away, and within an hour and a half the child of a farm labourer lies on the operation table of the large town hospital, his danger of death from appendicitis being now most remote. At tea time the am bulance station, despite its lengthy R o ll of H onour, has several additional men in attendance, who have come, perhaps, direct from desk or shell lathe. T h e lecture rocm is well filled, and the honorary surgeon, after investigating the case list of the day, delivers a lecture on fractures and their treatment. H e is interrupted by two men being called out to attend a man in a state of serious collapse through alcoholic excess. T h e eagerness of some in the crowd to know where the p u blic house is situated which now sells beer of such strength as to make a man in such a condition is pathetic and humorous. Tow ards the close of the evening, when the superin tendent is demonstrating the surgeon’s lecture, all is bustle and the large room is quickly cleared of all but the mock patient who is “ trussed u p ” fo ra fractured thigh, and one comrade left to release him. T h e electric alarm bell connected with the central fire station has rung, and everyone with disciplined haste is donning equipm ent and proceeding to the outbread of fire, for the A m bulance Corps forms the “ R ed C ro s s ” of the fire-fighters when they engage their relentless enemy. In valids are cared for or removed from danger zones, and firemen and helpers suffering from smoke inflamed eyes, scorched hands or faces, or who have received injuries from falling debris, get prompt attention, and, if necessary, removal to hospital for further treatment and detention. B y 1 a.m. the am bulance men are able to follow the fire engines from the scene of their three hours’ labour, and the full night duty staff occupies the am bulance station, tired, but quite ready to respond to any further calls to serve stricken humanity. H o n . Surgeon G. B. M itchell, of the W hitby Nursing D ivision was recently presented with the vellum vote of thanks of the O rder for services rendered in connection with the ambulance movement.

March, 1919,

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A Z E T T E .—

THE ST. JOHN AM BU LAN CE GAZETTE.

O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

N e w s.

T h e G rand Prio r of the O rder has made the following appointments :— No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Assistant Commissioner W illiam Edward Audland, M .B.E., M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P ., to be Commissioner, vice Mr. T. H. Woolston, resigned. No.

D is t r ic t .

Assistant Commissioner Lieut.-Col. Clarence Isidore Ellis, M.D., C. M., R .A .M .C.(T.), to be Commissioner, vice Major R. H. Grimbly, deceased. T h e C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No. 1 D i s t r i c t (Prince of W ales’s Corp). No. 39 Temple Nursing Division. — Mrs. Margaret Holmes to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6.2.19, v'ce Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Thekla Bowser deceased. No. 3 Wembley Nursing Division.— Miss Maud E llis Duligall to be Nursing Officer, 5.2.19. M iss Mabel Mary Comben to be Nursing Officer, 6.2.19. No. 5 Norwood Nursing Division.— Mrs. E. Le May to be Nursing Officer, 7.2.19. Mrs. M. Douglas to be Nursing Officer, 8.2.19. M iss Bloomfield Shea to be Nursing Officer, 6.2.19. No. 2 Haggerston Division.— Ambulance Officer Harry George W akely to be Divisional Supt., 17.2.19. No. 76 Limehouse Division.— Jeremier Reidy, M.D., D .P .H ., M.B., L.R .C.P. & S., to be Divisional Surgeon 15.2.19. No. 43 Limehouse Nursing Division. — M iss Ada Mary Cook to be Lady Divisional Supt,, 24.2,19. N ew

D iv is io n .

Paddington Nursing Division.— February 14th, 1919, in charge Mrs. Gitsham, 47, Chippenham-road, M aida Vale. No.

D is t r ic t .

Portswood Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. N. G. Horne resigned her appointment 25.2.19, owing to illhealth. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Kettering Corps (Headquarters Division).— Charles W illiam Curtis to be Divisional Supt., 25.1.10. W alter Dyson to be Ambulance Officer, 25.1.19. Leicester Corps (H inckley Nursing Division).— Miss Ger trude Ismay to be Nursing Officer, 22.2.19. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Harborne Nursing Division). — M iss E. M illicent Hugh Smith to be Lady Divisional Supt., 1.3.19. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Heaton promoted to Lady Corps Treasurer. No.

137

D is t r ic t .

Todmorden Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. S. Pilling resigned her appointment February, 1919. Liverpool Corps (Abercromby Nursing Division).— Elinor Mary Jones to be Nursing Officer, 5.2.19, vice N ursing Officer Miss M. Woodward resigned. Clitheroe Nursing Division.— M iss Rose Harrison to be Lady Divisional Supt., 14.2.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss E. Landles resigned.

Cammell Laird Corps (Birkenhead Nursing Division).— Mrs. Louisa Blair to be Nursing Officer, 21.2.19. vice Nursing Officer Miss Hughes resigned.

No. 5 D is t r ic t . Bolsover Division. — Divisional Supt. W . R. Collier resigned his appointment February, 1919. Barnsley N uising Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. C. Bennett resigned her appointment February, 1919. Denaby Main Corps (Cadeby Division).— W alter W ilk in son to be F irst Class Sergt., 13.2.19. Denaby Main Corps (Denaby Division).— W illiam Ainley Akester to be First Class Sergt., 13.2.19. Barnsley Nursing Division.— Mrs. M aria Saunders to be Lady Divisional Supt., 24.1.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. C. Bennett resigned. W hitby Colliery Nursing Division.— Mrs. Laura Hopkinson to be Lady D ivisional Supt., 14.2.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. K . M. Robson resigned. No. 6 D is t r ic t . Thomas F. Thompson to be D istrict Officer, 12.2.19. W ylam-on-Tyne Nursing Division.— W illiam Hoyle to be an Honorary Member, 28.2.19. Chester-le-street Division.— George F. Jennings to be Ambulance Officer, 3.3.19, vice Ambulance Officer George Jolly resigned 1.1.19, and reverted to the rank of Sergeant at his own request.

No. 8 D is t r ic t . City of Rochester D ivision.— Charles W illiam Green, M.B., F.R.C .S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 30.1.19, vice D ivisional Surgeon T. H Morton resigned io.f.19. Canterbury D ivision.— Harold Wacher, M.B., B.Ch., M .R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 20.2.19. Reginald Graham W ills, M .D., C.M., to be D ivisional Surgeon, 20.2.19. W illiam Ambrose King to be Divisional Supt., 202.19, vice Divisional Supt. F. Holgate Smith resigned, 31.1.19.

No. 12 D is t r ic t . City of Dublin Corps (South Dublin D ivision).— Mrs. Eliza B. Manders to be Lady D ivisional Supt., 11.2.13, vice Lady Divisional Supt. M iss A. J. Hogg resigned. Dublin Building Trades Corps (Central Nursing Division). — Miss L ily Griffin to be Nursing Officer, 10 2.19. Public Services Corps (Alexandra College Nursing Division).— Mrs. M ary W halev Thompson to be Nursing Officer, 11.2.19. M il it a r y D e c o r a t io n s

and

A w ards.

Newns, Res. Wardmaster J. E. (R .N .A .S.B .R .), W arrington Meritorious Service Medal. Birkby, Pte. L., North Bierley, M ilitary Medal. English, Pte. J., Gateshead Fell, M ilitary Medal. R o ll

H onour.

Ainsworth, Lance-Corpl. F., W arsop Main, R .E . (30th Light R y Coy.). Bailey, Pte. T. H., Clifton (Bristol), M .H .H .R . Bracewell, Pte. F., Foulridge, R .N .A .S.B .R . Bramley, Lance-Corpl. F., W arsop Main, n t h Notts and Derby. Cooper, Pte. A. W ., Worksop, l/5th Sherwood Forresters. Crew, Lance-Corpl. D., W arsop Main, 2nd Lincolns.

— FIR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. — Fenton, Corpl, J., W arsop Main, and Lincolns. Freeman, Pte. V. P., Worksop, R .F.A . Johnson, Pte. S. C., W arsop Main, R .A .M .C. Kelly, Major T. (M .C.), Chopwell, n th Royal West Surrey. Knight, Pte. P., Bradford City, M .H .H .R . Lowe, Pte. H., Crompton, M .H .H .R . Lumley, Pte. T., Gateshead Fell, R .A .M .C . M cN eill, Sergt. J., Chopwell, 9th Durham L .I. Moore, Pte. )., Grimsby, M .H .H .R . Smith, Pte. W ., Chopwell, R .N .D . (M edical Unit). Spacey, Pte. S., Worksop, R.A.M .C. Willetts, Pte. T., Goldthorpe, 10th West Yorks.

St. John

V o lu n t a r y

A id

D e ta c h m e n ts.

March, 1919,

W ilson Redfearn. W alter Parkinson. John Herbert Cross. Leslie Alfred Sheppard. A s H onorary Serv in g Sisters :

Margaretta Kathleen, Mrs. Borton. Minnie, Miss Brown, M .B.E. Freda Christelle, Miss Jackson. Agnes Maud, Miss Hulme. Margaret, Miss Harvey. Adelaide Florence, Miss Millar. H ild a Marie, Miss Smith. Rose Georgians, Miss Kingsley. Helen Mary, Miss Argles. F o r E n ro lm en t as H onorary Associates :

A p p o in t m e n t s . Miss N. Price to be Commandant of Surrey 116. H. Raby to be Commandant of Northants 3.

Lieut.-Colonel Jean Ballut. Roger Edward Norton. Charles John Ritchie. Captain Stanley Melville, M .D.(Brux.), M .R.C.S., L.R.C.P.

M e n t io n e d in D e s p a t c h e s . Salonika : — Acheson, Florence Adelaide Em ily, City of Dublin 36, S.J.A.B. Gregory, Elsie May, W .R . Yorks. 176, S.J.A.A. Sturgeon, Kathleen, W .R . Yorks. Rest, S.J.A.A. Tombs, Elizabeth, Middlesex 74, S.J.A.A. W alters, Dorothy Edna, Glamorgan 60, S.J.A.B.

R e = o p e n in g of th e O p h t h a lm ic h o s p it a l

D eaths. G. E. Bolton, Montreal Central 19. M. C. Bousfield, London 88. J. L. Harding, Kildare 2. M iss M. Johnston, Commandant of Antrim 12. E . M. Vaughan, West Yorks Reserve. Mrs. E . W illis, West Riding, Yorks 108.

T h e G r a n d P r io r y of th e

O rd e r of th e

H o s p it a l of S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery oj the O rd er, St. fo h n 's G ale, Clerkenw ell, London, E . C . , M a rch 12 th , v p /p .

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n ig h ts o f Grace:

Major-General Sir W illiam Henry Rycroft, K.C.M .G., C.B. Colonel Cathcart Garner, C.B .E., A.M.S. Brigadier-General Ronald Storrs, C.M .G., C.B.E. S ir Henry Bernhard Samuelson, Bt. Major-General Gilbert La F'ayette Foster, C.B. W illiam Harvey Reeves, O.B.E. Sir W illiam Favnham Burke, K .C.V.O ., C.B. (Garter). A s L a d ies o f G r a c e :

Adelaide Mabel, Lady Allenby. The Lady Evelyn Margaret Mason. Jean, the Lion. Lady Ward. Florence Faith, Vicountess Downe. Blanche, the Lady Algernon Gordon-Lennox, D .B .E. A s E s q u ir e :

Colonel Alfred Shipton Rooke, O .B.E. A s H onorary S erv in g Brothers :

M ajor Edward Fairburn Milthorp.

in J e r u s a le m . T h e announcem ent of the re-opening of the O phthalm ic H ospital in Jerusalem is very gratifying to all wearers of the white cross. T h is institution has been one of which the Order has been justly proud. Not only has it a rom antic interest, being, as it were, a living embodiment of the old time work of the early hospitallers, but it is the centre of far reaching and well directed charitable skill. Those who have seen the white-walled building, with its scrupulously clean wards, theatre and buildings, must re joice to know that once more it will be thronged with the motley and picturesque crowds of Oriental patients seeking remedies from the dreaded and so terribly prevalent eye diseases of the East, and, not only seeking, but finding there care and relief and in many cases complete restora tion. It is earnestly to be hoped that this work may be carried on and extended in the spirit of our ancient proto types and with the efficiency and devotion demanded by modern requirements.

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m it t e e to C o u n t y D ir e c to r s . D ea r Sir , I s e n d you the following for your in fo rm atio n :— W e have had a great many enquiries from different County D irectors as to the possible directions in which we can employ our V .A .D .’s in times of peace. As you are probably aware, under the present Charter of the B ritish R ed Cross Society— as generally understood— R ed Cross V .A .D .’s can only undertake work for the sick and wounded in war. T h e Charter of the O rder of St. John, on the other hand, provides greater scope for its members. We have already taken steps for the enlargement of the B ritish Red Cross Charter to include all kinds of health and [welfare work, but until this is an accom plished fact, we cannot— strictly speaking from a legal point of view— do anything of the kind under the aegis of the R ed Cross. There is no doubt whatever that p u blic opinion will support us in our efforts to extend the splendid service

March, 1919

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N CE G A Z E T T E .—

rendered by our V .A .D .’s during the war, to the assistance of the civil population in peace time, and every one will agree that if we are not to lose our members, some action must be taken without further delay. I f we allow our D e tachments to dwindle away for want of work, enthusiasm will die out, and it will be im possible to draw together again the large numbers now enrolled in our service. T h e Central Joint V .A .D . Comm ittee has therefore de cided to circularise all County Directors, asking them to encourage the V .A D. members to remain in their detach ments with a view to the large demands for their services, which we know will be made— and are already being made — on all sides. In the meantime, V .A .D . members may undertake work for the civilian sick and in the direction of infant and child welfare. M embers must, of course, have the perm is sion of their Com m andant to undertake any such work, and in any case of doubt Com m andants must consult their County D irector and obtain his sanction. M em bers undertaking infant and child welfare work or nursing in civilian hospitals, may wear their .V .A .D . uni form, but in no case may V .A .D . uniform be worn if a member is doing private nursing for payment. I f any objection is raised to the wearing of uniform on the occasions sanctioned above, I should be glad if you would com municate at once with me, giving full par ticulars. I am asked by La d y A m pthill to say that the A uxiliary H ospital Department at D evonshire H o use has now closed, and any staff still required for A u xiliary H ospitals in the counties must, I fear, be obtained from local detachments. Y ours faithfully, C h ils t o n , C h ie f County D irecto r

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r F e b ru ary W ork at Devonshire H ouse during the month of Feb ruary has varied considerably, keeping some departments fully occupied, while in others as will be seen, there has been much less activity. M il it a r y a n d N a v a l D e p a r t m e n t s . R equisitions are still being received from m ilitary and naval hospitals, and also some of the R .A .F . hospitals. The num ber of requisitions received during the month of February was 277, a considerably larger figure than that for the previous month. T h e postings num ber 409. Tw elve of our members working out in Salonika have received mention for their services. J o in t C o m m it t e e D e p a r t m e n t . T h e report from this Departm ent for the month is a very brief one and merely announces the posting of 14 members— all motor drivers— to France. A u x il ia r y H o s p it a l s . Requisitions have increased again during February and 64 have been received asking for 94 m em bers; of this number 4c members have been posted from Devonshire House upon those requisitions which were returned from County Directors, to whom as usual, in the first instance, they were referred. Contracts were renewed by 60 mem bers.

139

G e n e r a l S e r v ic e D e p a r t m e n t . G eneral Service postings to F ran ce have now been stopped, and the work of this Departm ent has dealt m ainly with discharges and dem obilisation. G eneral dem obilisation of G eneral Service V .A .D . members is about to begin, and a D ispersal H o stel has been established at Folkestone to which members can go on arrival in England. One half of the hostel— in w hich 200 can be accom m odated— is to be devoted to General Service members, the other half to N ursing members. T h e domestic and clerical work w ill be carried out by G eneral Service members. W elfa re D epartm ent. O ur Convalescent H o m e at Hartsleap, Sandhurst, which was opened before Christm as, has been very full, 21 members having been received there during February, and all have been greatly benefited by their stay and rest there. Sick members have been received both at the Q .A .I.M .N .S hospital, Vincent-square, and also at M illbank, the num ber at the former— 59— being a much larger num ber than usual. M illb a n k received 13. O ur hospital at Nottingham P lace has also been very full, and it is gratifying to know that over 100 patients have been treated there since the opening. V .A .D . S c h o l a r s h ip S c h e m e . In conclusion, we should lik e to give a few details with regard to the V .A .D . S cholarship Scheme. T h is scheme, recently inaugurated, is steadily taking definite shape, and applications are now com ing in. T h e object of the scheme is to assist members financially in all branches of training in connection with health and w-Jfare work. A ll V .A .D . members have been circularised during the course of the last few weeks with papers giving them the conditions with regard to length of service, age, etc., full details with regard to types, cost, and length of train ing and an application form. T h e last named should be filled in by candidates desirous of applying for help under the scheme, and forwarded to this office before M arch 31st, 1919. Part-time workers who are qualified under the terms, as well as those who have given full time, are included under the scheme, and the Com m ittee are particularly anxious for members to receive help in training for which either the work they have already done, or their educational training, would render them most suitable. W ith regard to finance, a G rant-in-A id is being con sidered by the Fin an ce Com m ittee of the B ritish R ed Cross Society and the O rder of St. Jo h n of Jerusalem in England. Nothing very definite, however, can be settled with regard to this until some idea has been formed as to the num ber of applications for help under the scheme which w ill be received, and the extent to which the scheme may therefore develop. M any letters have been received at D evonshire H ouse, and members have also called, expressing both interest and gratitude in the prospect of being able to continue work in the professions which they are desirous of taking up. Messrs. Sir W. C . Leng & Co., Ltd., H igh-street’ Sheffield, have just published Part I. of A n H isto rica l R o ll (with portraits) of those women of the B ritish E m pire to whom the M ilitary M edal has been awarded during the Great W ar 1914-18. It is published at is. net, and con tains eight portraits and biographies.

— FIRST

140

N o t a b le

A m b u la n c e

D a te s .

C om piled by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M .R.C.S., Eng Hon. A ssociate Order o f St. J o h n ; Hon. Surgeon S t. J o h n Am bulance Brigade. ( C o n tin u ed from page 12 6 .)

1896

(J u n e 16//1).— F irst public display of realistic FirstA id (house on fire) by S .J.A .B . at F ire Brigades E xh ibitio n, Islington, organised by C h urch Brasier. (J u ly ). — U niform for S .J.A .B . Nurses adopted from design of M rs. C alvin Lin es and M iss Bourke. S .J.A .B . introduced annual re-examination.

1897

( Ju?ie 2 2 n d ) . — Diam ond Jubilee of Queen V icto ria celebrated and “ Dewar S h ie ld ” presented to S .J.A .B . by Sir Thom as Dewar, Sheriff of London —-“ to commemorate the D ia m o n d J u b ile e a n d p u b lic services o f the S .J .A .B . 800 men on duty. Brigade Com petitions established and Q ueries be came a regular feature of F ir s t A id . S .J.A .B . U niform less unpopular. (M a y 6 th ). — F irst Inter-R ailw ay Com petition, pro moted by S .J.A .A . through efforts of M r. C hurch B rasier and M r. W. R. E dw ards— “ to commemorate the D ia m o n d J u b ile e ." the shield being presented by the O rder of St. Joh n and won this year by G. E. Railw ay. J u l y ) i — F irst official acknowledgm ent of S .J.A .B ., the Com m issioner (C o l. T h ackeray) beiDg created K C .B . and the members being awarded medals by Queen V icto ria — “ I n recognition o f the w ork done

1900

(F ebru a ry). — S .J.A .A . introduced H ygiene Lectures and certificates, and published M anual writen by Dr. Jo h n F. Sykes. (M a rc h ). — Beginnings of S .J.A .B . A m bulance H a lls (with waggons, & c.), the first being established at C olne, Lancashire. ( Tune).— Central B ritish R ed Cross Com m itte formed at the request of Secretary of W ar from S .J .A .A , B .N .A .S ., and A rm y N ursing Reserve— " f o r co-ordi nation w ith official organisation on lines already e x isten t on Continent '.”

1899

(Ja n u ary). — M r. Joh n F urle y knighted by Queen V icto ria — “ f o r lifelong a n d u n tir in g efforts on behalj o f sick an d w ounded." (J a n u ary ) — Central B .R .C . Com m ittee recognised

by the Secretary of State as the national red cross organisation. (F ebru a ry). — F irst am bulance com petition con ducted under realistic conditions (train sm ash) at K in g ’s Cross (G . N. R y .) by Superintendent Painter assisted by Drs. S. Osborne and M ain. (M a y J u ly ) . — F irst International Peace Conference at Hague. (O ctober 1 s t). — Standard of Efficiency in S .J.A .B . fixed at 12 drills, annual re-examination and inspec tion. (October n t h ) . — Outbreak o f South A frican W ar provided the opportunity for S .J.A .B . which till then was not well known or properly appreciated. D u r ing this war the S .J.A .A . was entrusted by the B .R .C .

Committee with the entire arrangements for despatch of stores, medical and and other comforts, w hile the B .N .A .S . undertook the collection of necessary funds. (N ovem ber 3 r d ). — F irst A ppeal of W ar Office to S .J.A .B . for volunteers to supplement orderlies of Arm y M edical Service. W ithin two months 500 men answered the call, and before the war ended 2,046 had served, of whom 61 (5 sergeants and 56 privates) died in South A frica— “ from illness con tracted while engaged in attendance on sick and wounded.” (M a rch ). — Lon don School Board (now L C .C .) established independent A m bulance (T ra in in g and Certifying) Organisation, through efforts of Dr. (now Sir) John Collie. (D ecem ber). — Challenge Shield presented to S .J.A .B . by Dr. Sam O sborn— “ f o r competition in methods o f im provisation."

1901

(J a n u a r y 2 1 s t) . — Death of Queen V ictoria. A c cession of Edw ard V I I . (F ebruary). — Form ation of Brigade Bearer Com panies. (M a y 4 th ). — R .A .M .C . declared formed vice A .M .D . R evisio n of S .J.A .A . M anual of F irst A id by Dr. Jam es Cantlie. Deaths of L o rd Wantage and Sir W illiam M acCormac, first Surgeon-in-Chief, S .J.A .B . (D ec. 16th).

1902

(M a rch ). — M otor am bulances introduced in Am erica

by the B rig a d e on m any p u b lic occasions."

1898

March, 1919.

AID —

1903

1904 I 9°5

amid great discussion as to their practical value. ( M a y 3 1 s t ) . — E n d of South A frican W ar. Peace of Vereeniging. (O ctober). — Official recognition of efforts of S .J.A .B . in South A frican W ar— C .B .’s being awarded to Sir Joh n Furley, C o l Bow dler and S ir H . Perrott, and the C .M .G . to Col. C . J. Trim ble. (M a rch ). — R oyal N aval Sick Berth Reserves formed in S .J.A .B .— “ f o r service in necessity on board ship or in n a v a l hospitals." S .J.A .B . uniform now popular and universal. (M a y ). — Central B .R .C . Committee re-named Council. ( J “ ly I 7 t^)-— British R ed Cross Society formed by

fusion of Central B .R .C . C o u n cil and B ritish N.S. for A id to Sick and W ounded at instance of K in g Edw ard V I I . and under presidency of Queen V icto ria — “ to fu r n is h a id to sick and. w ounded in time o f w a r."

S .J.A .A . introduced re-examination and awards.

“ la b e l”

(T o be concluded.)

W e are inform ed that M rs. Samuel Symington and her son Mr. H . W. Symington, presented the motor am bu lance to the M arket Harborough D ivisio n and not as stated in our last issue by Mrs. H . W. Sym ington and her son.

In response to numerous requests, the Pontypool Eisteddfod Com m ittee have decided to include an In d i v id u al Oral Test in the com petitions to be held on Easter Tuesday. One of the best am bulance judges in the country has been secured to adjudicate, who will also present a splendid haversac for the prize.

March, 1919

—FIRST

CO NTENTS

T H IS

NUM BER.

E d it o r ia l — The Prevention of Accidents ... ... ... 133 D is t r ic t R e p o r t s — No. 1 ; No. 4 ... ... ... ... ... 134 No. 5 ; No. 6 ; No. 8 ; No. 12 ... ... ... 135 A D ay’s W ork at a Provincial Ambulance Station during Hostilities ... ... ... ... ... 136 T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e — Official Brigade News ... ... ... ... 137 The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... 138 Re-opening of the Ophthalmic Hospital in Jerusalem 138 General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors ... ... ... 138 V.A.D . Summary of W ork for February ... ... 139 Notable Ambulance Dates ... ... ... ... 140 Brevities ... ... ... ... ... ... 141 An Invalid Carrying Chair ... ... ... ... 142 G .W .Ry. Ambulance Work, 1918 ... ... ... 143 The Closing of A uxiliary Hospitals ... ... ... 144 P r a c t ic a l P o in t s — An Unsolicited Testimonial ... ... ... 144 Justifiable Interference ... ... ... ... 144 Closing of Caen Wood Towers Auxiliary Hospital ... 144 Q u e r ie s a n d A n s w e r s to C o r r e s p o n d e n t s — Bites of Rabid A nim als... ... ... ... 146 Prussic Acid Poisoning... ... ... .. 146 Fracture with Insensibility ... ... ... 146

B r e v itie s . T h e N o. 12 (Iris h ) D istrict is m aking a bold start on its post war work, realising the possibilities o f its scope in assisting the civil community. W e should like to call the attention of our readers to the report w hich appears in this issue, which shows the general line on which the future work is to be directed. * * * L ie u t .-C o l . F is k e , M .C ., Com m anding the Am erican Base H o spital at Dartford, has addressed to La d y A m pthill, H ead of the W om en’s Jo in t V .A .D , Departm ent of the British R e d Cross Society and the Order of St. John, a letter, in w hich he says :— * * * “ It has brought to our minds in a very forcible man ner that we are deeply indebted to you and your assistants for your w illing and generous assistance. Y o u r organisa tion has been responsible for the proper conduct of very vital departments in this hospital. T h at every one of these departments have been conducted in a most satisfactory and credible manner is, I am sure, a source of great satis faction to yourself and those in authority. It shall always be our privilege to look back upon this assistance that the British women have given to the U n ited States A rm y as something worth while, as something to be told wherever we are as a proof of the cordiality, generosity, and nobility of B ritish womanhood."

AID. — A t a committee meeting of the A berdeen Centre of the St. A ndrew A m b ulance Association, held last month, the question of establishing and m aintaining an am bulance service, for invalids and others requiring it, was considered, at the suggestion of the St. A ndrew ’s A m bulance Association headquarters in Glasgow. It was intim ated that the Scottish B ran ch of the B ritish R e d Cross authorities con templated handing over a certain num ber of their motor am bulances to the St. A ndrew ’s A ssociation when no longer required in connection with the war, provided that the A ssociation would establish and m aintain such service for the civilian population in Aberdeen and the north-eastern counties of Scotland. A feeling was expressed at the meet ing that were the A berdeen Centre of the St. A ndrew ’s Association to establish such a service it would supply a felt want, and it was remitted to a sub-committee to make further inquiries into the matter and report.

V T h e closing of the A u xiliary M ilitary H ospitals and depots marks a distinct era in the national life, for they have played a great part in woman’s side of the war. From one point of view they m arked clearly the advance of the voluntary helper. I can remember at the beginning of the war hearing two trained nurses who had m arried doctors talking in very slighting t®nes of the value of voluntary help even in the hum bler and auxiliary work of hospitals— the m aking of bandages, and so on. B ut one at least of them lived to resent her opinion, and even to work at a depot where she was “ shown ” by a voluntary helper how to ro ll and make a bandage, and found salvation in a sense of hum our. B ut in more im portant ways these depots did real work. M ore than anything else they brought together all classes and conditions of women for a common o b je c t; more than anything else they taught a mutual understanding and tolerance, and, apart from the actual and positive work they did for the wounded and the men in the trenches, these H o spitals and depots broke down the barriers of cliques and classes. *** A correspondent, who is him self a superior officer of the Brigade, writes to us that he has received enquiries from members of the Brigade as to when the O rder of St. Joh n w ill make the announcem ent with reference to the issue of a medal for the Great W ar. T h e O rder has the power to issue medals under its Charter, and a good num ber of Brigade men wear the medal w hich it issued for the South A frican W ar. Now that the 1914 and 1914-15 Stars have been issued and that the ribbon for the General Service medal for the war has been approved and illu s trated in the press some announcem ent by the O rder on the subject of the medal which it would issue to its mem. bers will, we are sure, be m uch appreciated. T here is a strong feeling that as a special distinction has been given by the K in g to 1914 and 1915 men some special decoration from the Chapter G eneral should be issued to the original members of the Brigade who went Overseas in 1914 and 1915-

— FIRST

142

In v a lid

C a r r y in g

AIR —

March, 1919

T h e back-rest, with arm rests attached, is held in position at a suitable angle by a bolt and butterfly nut at each side, with the nut to the inside, to occupy less space. T h e back-rest can be folded flat upon the seat when the chair is not in use. T h e chair, when closed, measures 4 ft. in length by 1 ft. 8 in. in width, and stands 1 ft. 1 in. h ig h ; hence little storage space is required. T h e length, fu lly extended, is 5 ft. 9 in. These dim ensions allow it to pass into the com partment of any train, corridor or other vehicle : while it can also be used in narrow stairways and passages im pass able to a stretcher, as proved by experience in the V .A .D . H o spital, Worcester, and elsewhere. D u rin g his tour of inspection at R eading in Ju ly last year, M ajo r General Sir F. Treherne, M edical Inspector of W ar H ospitals, after a thorough test of the chair, was pleased to recommend it for use in hospitals. It has been tested by the W ar Office and reported upon as satisfactory in all respects, especially for chest and leg cases, and for transport in trains. It is now in use at the B ritish R ed Cross H ospital, Netley, and the R eading W ar H ospital. B y the courtesy of Sir Jam es Cantlie, K .B .E ., P rin ci pal of the College of Am bulance, 3, Vere-street, London, a specim en chair may be inspected there. C h airs may be obtained from Messrs. A. W. Gamage,

C h a ir .

T h is chair (patent N o. 106947) is the invention of Dr. Cam pbell H ighet, M .O ., Berks 13, V .A .D ., Reading. It is intended for the carriage, in a sitting position, ol persons unable to walk, and is adm irably adapted for use in the home, the hospital, and in railway trains. It weighs about 20 lbs., and can be handled easily by two persons. T h e idea of having such a chair occurred to the inventor in connection with the removal from the am bulance trains to the cars in waiting at the railway stations of the “ sitting wounded ” suffering from “ trench fe e t” or m inor in juries of the lower extrem ities, and also for use in the hospitals, where experience has proved its utility. T h e chair consists of three light but strong wood frames, filled in with strong canvas. T h e side parts of the frame of the seat and leg-rest, i i i n . square, form the rear and front handles respectively. T h e extensible leg-rest is held in place by an anglebracket at each side attached to the seat frame, so that the former can be pulled out from underneath the latter. Bent steel supports, strengthened by struts of sim ilar material, are attached to these frames, raising the seat one foot from the floor.

2-, ovue n F r u r w e ^ L e g t ? e s t . s/10 mjirig S t o p B r a e / e ' f - S j - i ' n e d to J o tte r

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Sksnm^ S t r u t , X,

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Car ° f Fraj.ie B a tte n h e ) <2 by S c r e m s

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a r r y in g

A »g/e "Bracket held i>y Bo/ts an d JVuts. Ch

a ir

—

March, 1919.

—# IR ST

L td , London, or through A. W. Tudo r, Esq., manager, Reading W ar H ospitals Supplies Depot, at a cost of 4 4s., carriage paid.

G .W .R .

A m b u la n c e

W o rk ,

1918.

N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g the many difficulties experienced owing to reduction of staff, heavy demands made upon all railway workers in connection with the transport of war materials, and the fact that so large a num ber of the am bulance enthusiasts are overseas with the Colours, work in connec tion with the am bulance movement has gone on steadily on the Great Western R ailw ay during the year 1918. A lthough it has not been possible to show an increase in the year’s total exam ination results over those of 191 7, it is gratifying to observe from the figures now available that efficiency is being well maintained among the trained am bulance

D r . C .

H i g h e t ’s

P ate n t

workers, as is seen by the increasing number of “ la b e ls ” or re-examination awards gained in the table below. Certificate. Voucher. Medallion. Medallion 1st 2nd 3rd labels for Year year. year. year. re-exam. Total. 215 608 832 2013 1913 367 1914 1698 617 823 3672 434 856 19 15 639 639 383 2497 1916 1167 2628 455 443 563 1917 400 274 1211 2119 234 1918 206 197 1302 371 2076 A large num ber of men qualified in am bulance work by attendance at the classes organised by the G .W .R . Com pany are serving in the medical units of the N avy and Army, and cases are not infrequently recorded in which they have been able to apply the knowledge gained at the railway classes in times of peace for the good of those “ broken in the wars.” B y the men rem aining at home, and who have had to be retained for the working of the railway, excellent work

AID. —

has been accom plished in the transport of wounded to and from am bulance trains, whilst others have sacrificed their lim ited leisure hours for service as hospital orderlies ; this work having been undertaken, in some cases, throughout the whole period of the war. Such self abnegation and devotion to high ideals has not been confined to the male staff only, for many of the women employees have also undertaken voluntary aid detachm ent duties in various hos pitals, and some mention should here be made of those who banded themselves together for duty during hostile air raids. M any G .W .R . am bulance workers had the pain ful duty of m inistering to the victim s of Germ an frightful ness on these occasions. T h e practical utility o f the knowledge gained in the G .W .R . classes is continuously being proved by the num ber of reports of efficient first aid rendered which come to hand, and the medical testimony which accom pany many of them is evidence of the high standard of work done. T h e reports received during the year are being submitted to the

I n v a l id

C a r r y in g

C h a ir .

C om pany’s m edical officer for adjudication in connection with the annual gold and silver medal and certificate awards made by the Com pany. D urin g the year some three members of the staff, who have rendered services of an exceptional character in ad vancing the am bulance movement on the railway over a num ber of years, have been recognised by the Order of St. Joh n of Jerusalem by selection as H on orary Serving Brothers of that Order. I t is hoped that the resum ption of norm al conditions of working w ill bring about a stim ulation of interest in am bulance work generally among the staff and a revival of activities in the form of com petitions which are regarded by so many of the employees as an essential part o f their am bulance education. T h e continuance of good work in connection with the movement is to a large extent due to the interest evinced in it by the directors, general manager and officers of the Com pany and to the influence and good work of the d iv i sional secretaries, committeemen and class secretaries, who

—FIRST

144

meet regularly at intervals for the discussion of am bulance matters. T h is report would be incom plete without some refer ence to the untiring effort of M iss C . A u lt of the general m anager’s office, who has filled the position of centre secre tary during the two years that M r. W . G. Chapm an has been serving with the Forces.

The

C lo s in g

A u x i li a r y

H o s p it a ls .

T h e closing of A u xiliary H ospitals calls forth many con flicting emotions. N o one can but rejoice to realise that the great holocaust of life and health is complete and the wounded and sick are no longer coming to this country in those long hospital trains so fam iliar to us all. But, on the other hand, there is much that makes those who have taken their share in V .A .D . work feel a sadness— or perhaps, rather it should be called a wist fulness— when they realise it is all coming to an end. F irst the occupation that has filled so many days is “ gone,” then the life in the little comm unity, where friends met daily has to be broken up. T h e friendly chat with “ the patients,” which over and above the medical care and nurs ing extended to them, have brought into closer sympathy so many varied personalities w ill no longer be possible. T h e whole of the bustling living group will be scattered far and wide. T h e staff w ill for the most part return to their pre-war existences, while the patients will don “ civies” and pass from our lives, though not from our memories. It has all been a wonderful experience, and if it has been taken— as assuredly it has— in the right spirit, it has meant a widening of interest and outlook. Though the actual life and work are done with the many lessons learnt remain : Lesson of patience, of endurance, of sympathy as well as practical lessons in all dom estic arts. These can be carried on into “ civilian ” life and ought to be a great help in whatever betides each individual. But above all the sense of belonging to a band who have been pledged to work, and have worked together, and who can continue to work together, should not be lost sight of, and it will be a great help if those under whose directions and orders we have lived w ill not squander this energy but lead it into further channels of usefulness. A dinner was given in Paris on February 21st by the R e d Cross Delegates of Great B ritain, the U nited States, France, Ita ly and Japan to the international Press repre sentatives in that city. T h e speeches of S ir A rthur Lawley, representing the B ritish R ed Cross, and M r. H e n ry P. D avidson, representing the Am erican R ed Cross, outlined plans for a League of the R ed Cross Societies of the W orld as an accom panying and supplementary organisation to the League of Nations, for international peace-time work. These plans have been initiated by a committee of repre sentatives of the R °d Cross Societies of Great Britain, the U n ite d States, France, Ita ly and Japan ; and a congress of all the R ed Cross organisations of the world to consider them has been called to meet at Geneva thirty days after the declaration of peace. T h e speakers referred par ticularly to the outbreak of influenza, and urged that a suitable international hum anitarian organisation would probably have been of great assistance in preventing the enorm ous loss of life caused by it. M r. D avison added that at present it was thought that their first efforts should cover the subjects of hygiene and sanitation, tuberculosis, nursing, venereal diseases, maleria and certain other in fectious diseases.

AID. —

March, 1919.

Jcactical Joints. T h e E d i t o r in v it e s N o te s o n a c t u a l C a s e s — w it h s p e c ia l re fe re n ce to g o o d a n d b a d b o in ts i n T r e a t m e n t — fo r in c lu s io n i n t h is C o lu m n .

A n U n s o l ic it e d T e s t im o n ia l . The late Sir James Paget, famous amongst surgeons, used to tell an amusing story against himself. On one occasion, while on holiday, he came across a man who had broken his leg. He set the fracture and despatched the patient to the hospital. Next day he called to enquire about the case, and was informed by the house surgeon that the patient was doing well and that the emergency treatment reflected the greatest possible credit on the First Aid Movement !— J. M. H ., Ham p stead. J u s t if ia b l e I n t e r f e r e n c e . On one occasion, whilst taking shelter with my invalid wife in a Tube Station during an air-raid, I came across a good example of what Dr. Corbet Fletcher succinctly calls “ Med dlesome First Aid.” A woman had fainted and, though totally unconscious, was being supported by a Red Cross nurse and orderly, while a special constable, who wore the St John bras sard, was— with the consent of his colleagues— trying to force a dose of sal volatile down the patient’s throat. This was too much for me, and without a thought for the ethics of First Aid, I dashed forward and protested vehemently against what was being done. When, however, having gently laid the woman flat upon the ground, I turned round for a woman’s help to loosen the clothing— then I found that all three— orderly, nurse and constable— had fled precipitately 1 So I called my wife to my help, and between us we had the patient quite all right in ten minutes.— M. F., Barbican.

C lo s in g

of C ae n W ood T o w e rs A u x ilia r y H o s p it a l.

A n interesting farewell party took place at the Am erican H o spital for E ng lish Soldiers, Caen W ood Towers, Highgate, on M arch 1st, when M rs. Chapin, the administrator, entertained the m edical officers, D r. C . J. R . M acFadden and D r. Henderson, the matron, M rs. Crawford, and the staff, M iss Hoare, Com m andant V .A .D . 114 London, and the members of her detachment, all of whom have worked at the hospital with ardour and success. T h e hospital has had a busy and eminently successful life of more than three years, and all concerned in it may find cause for honest pride and thankfulness. T h e har mony existing throughout between doctors, nurses, patients and V .A .D . nurses has undoubtedly helped in the attain ment of this end. M rs. Chapin, in presenting D r. M acFadden with a magnificent canteen of silver, laid stress upon the fact that during its whole career there has not been one epidemic outbreak, nor a single death in the hospital. Dr. M acFadden was not only the recipient of good things ; it was also his pleasant task to give them. H e presented Mrs. Chapin with a fine silver bowl from him self, the staff, the commandant, and the V .A .D .’s, in re membrance of their pleasant association together. And later he gave to M iss H o are a beautiful coffee service and tray as a token from her own nurses of their affectionate gratitude for her devoted work throughout the four and a half years of war. T h e detachment had also the pleasure of giving a silver inkstand to M iss W augh, quartermaster, and a pair of silver spoons to M rs. M acFadden, nursing officer, and an

March, 1919.

—F I RST

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M 1

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“ > / r. B e nger s a d m ira b le p rep a r a tio n .” T h e L a n c e t.

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Outfits to comply wiih the Home Office Order made by the Secretary of State in regard to Ambulance and First Aid arrangements at B L A S T F U R N A C E S , C O P P E R M IL L S , IRO N M IL L S , F O U N D R IE S , M E T A L W O R K S , S A W M IL L S , and F A C T O R IE S in w h ic h A rtic le s of W ood are m anufactured.

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W ounds bathed with a 1% solution of “ L ” B ran d L ysol are freed from all septic matter and heal rapidly. “ L” B r a n d L y so l is the ideal antiseptic for all purposes connected with personal hygiene. In B o ttle s, from a ll C h em ists,

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146

— FIRST

antique cross of b rillian ts with a platinum c h a in 'to the matron, M rs. Craw ford. It is interesting to record that twenty-three of the V .A .D . nurses who have served the hospital throughout its career received from the adm inistrator gold bars inscribed with the dates T 9 15-1919.

(pueries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1■ — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Query," and addressed—F ir s t Aid, 4.6, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 .— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?.— T h e

T e x tb o o k , to w h ic h t e jc rc n c c m a y be m ade in these c o lu m n s, is th e R e v is e d (79/7) E d i t i o n o f S . J . A . A . M a n u a l o f F i i s t - A i d .

March, 19x9

AID. —

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

The St. John Ambulance Association.

LIFE-SAVING. Below are outlined five of the LectureDemonstrations given by

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER in any part of England, Ireland or Wales, as an aid to students and to promote interest in the

A M B U LA N C E AND M IN E S R ES C U E M O VEM EN TS. These are so arranged that they can be given either in the largest Theatres or in the smallest Lecture- Halls to suit the requirements of any District. L IF E

B it e s o f R a b id A n im a l s . W. S. (Neasden).— I f a First-A ider has occasion to cauterise the bite of a rabid animal, the treatment laid down in the Textbook would result in a burn. Should the wound be treated subsequently as a burn or as an ordinary lacerated wound ? I presume your difficulty is whether or no you should neu tralise the effects of the fluid caustic applied to destroy the germ of Rabies. You should not attempt this, lest you counter act your remedy, but should follow the directions of the Text book (p. 103) and apply a clean, dry dressing which would be neutral.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .

O fficia l F irs t A id F ilm .

The film is at present shown in licensed H alls only. Sunday demonstrations can be arranged. RESCUE

F r a c t u r e w it h I n s e n s ib il it y . M. B. (Stockport).— I f a person becomes unconscious as the result of a fracture, which should be treated first— the in sensibility or the fracture? Your query lacks detail and lenders a concise answer difficult. Insensibility after fracture is, apart from other injuries, due to Shock, except with Fracture of Skull, when it may be due to Concussion or Compression. I f you treat your fracture cases properly, your first thought should be the correct position of the patient— often assumed naturally a n d " not to be thoughtlessly a ltered " (Textbook, p. 24) to suit your conveni ence, while your second thought should be directed to avail ability of doctor and means of transport. If, therefore, a patient should be insensible alter a fracture, you should protect the fracture (remove cause) while you apply the General Rules for Insensibility— patient flat, clothing loosened, abundance of air, warm covering, etc.—and so obtain the right position for such a patient. This done, you fix the fracture in the ordinary way. In short, the two conditions are in practice dealt with together, and not separately.— N. C. F.

WORK

MINES.

A peep in to the life of a M in er, Showing the miner at work, at play and on the battle field. Calculated to create new interest in Rescue W ork in Coal Mines. NATURE

P r u s s ic A c id P o is o n in g . W . S. (Neasden).— In Prussic Acid Poisoning, after giving alcoholic stimulants, would you give an emetic and treat according to General Rules? No. I would give the emetic without a second’s delay and would postpone the stimulant until vomiting had been produced. Otherwise, the patient may become unconscious and possibly die before the delayed emetic could be ad ministered, and further, the act of vomiting would remove the stimulant. Of course, if I could not make the patient vomit,-if salt or mustard were not immediately available as emetics, and if a stimulant was at hand— then, under these circum stances, a preliminary dose of the latter would be good treat ment.— N. C. F.

S A V IN G .

A P o p u la r F ir s t A id Lecture. Illustrated by an unrivalled collection of Lantern Slides and Chemical Demonstrations, and an exhibition of the

FIRST

AIDER .

N a tu re ’ s m ethods and how to fu r t h e r them . First Aid is discussed in an entirely original manner with the object of showing how Nature prevents and heals injuries and warns us of dangers. T his lecture is suitable alike for the novice or expert, and includes several radiographs and a number of slides of artistic merit directly or indirectly illustrating the subject. TH E

V E R D IC T ,

OR W H A T REVEALS.

THE

PRESS

An entirely new feature, showing in a series of tableaux how accidents could have been avoided or remedied. PR ACTICAL

FIRST

AID.

W h y e ve ryo n e should have a kno w ledge of F ir s t A id. A practical display suitable for indoors or the open air. The demonstrations are not confined to text-book methods, but show a variety of novel variations which have proved their practical worth. S p e c i a l I n d u c e m e n t s a r e o ff e r e d to M i n i n g D i s t r i c t s .

Ambulance Officer C. HANMER, 205. Doncaster Road, Goldthorpe, Near Rotherham. Telegrams : “ Hanmer, Ambulance, Goldthorpe.”

— F I R S T

March, 1919

A I D . —

& CO.,

J. A. WYLIE M AKERS

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A n y colou r en am el d esired , b u t un less ord ered oth erw ise m ed als are sent out with bl&ck en am elledcentres. W H E NO R D E R IN G , Q U O T EN U M B E R .

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148

— F I R S T

A I D —

March, 1919.

M ANUALS By

c ?

u b s t it ia

NO W R E A D Y .

FLETCH ER,

F I R S T - A I D , &e., B .A .,

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during the G r e a t W a r

for

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M W ithout doubt the book w ill be o f great service in the tra in in g o f those for rvhom it is designed." — B r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

P r e s c r ib e r .

\ f u lly d e sc rip tiv e B o o k le t, pro fuse w ith illu s t ra t io n s . By

GERRARD,

At . D.

P u b lis h e d b y

CUXSON, GERRARD P r ic e

1/3

p ost

P O S T A LIN S T R U C T IO Nin “P R E S C R IP T IO N R E A D IN G ” a n d “E L E M E N T A R Y D IS P E N S IN G .” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A m e m b e r or S . J . A . B . w r i t e s I fe e l d e e p ly in d e b te d to r th e c o u r s e s o f in s tr u c tio n r e c e iv e d , h a v e o fte n w a n te d to t a k e s u c h c o u rs e s , b u t c o u ld n e v e r f in d w h e r e t o g e t s u c h . ” (T . B .)

S p e cia l te rm s n o w — h a l f f e e s — t o m e m b e r s o f S . J . A . B . , & c . A p p ly (.ta m p ) to M r . J. E . W a l d e n , S e c ., W estm in ster C o lle g e (L a d y D ispensers S ection o f th e W estm inster C o lleg e o f C h em istry and P h a rm a cy, estd. 1874)

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S A N IT A R Y T R A IN IN G C O LLE G E, 335, H ig h H o lb o r n , L o n d o n , W.C.1., O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, Weights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors’ Maternity and Child Welfare Workers, Dispensers, Relieving Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personal and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and First Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology. For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost. A T> Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark . X A - . X ) . Grey beaver cloth, 54s. to measure. Superior quality Men’s Great Coats, 45s. — W rite for patterns and_particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse. O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 12s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

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To be cut out and. enclosed w ith a l l Queries M a r ch ,

H alf

B oo ks at D isco u n t P rice s. C atalogu es B o o k s b ough t. W . & O . F O Y L E

19 19 .

F IR ST AID AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

AMBULANCE Edited by A R T H U R

No. 2 98.— V o l. X X V ,

N O T IC E

-----

DALE.

A P R IL , 1919.

GAZETTE.

[E n te re d a t

S t a t io n e r ,• H a ll.

a w a y any

The

Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers, L L

A n n u m ,

P o st

F r ee

m isun derstan dings

h ap pen to exist

of recon struction w hich is in progress t h r o u g h o u t the world,

are

now bein g taken for the creation o f a brig hter and

healthier world.

T R e o r g a n is a t io n of th e

decen tralisatio n

was

discussed

Leeds

S .J .A .A . ,

may

and it will rank as one a m o n g st the im p o rtan t steps w hich

ondon

that

proposal is part and parcel o f the s tup en do us work

46, Cannon Street,

[3/a

o b je c t o f carrying the s c h e m e still further a n d o f clearing

READERS.

D A LE, REYNOLDS & CO.,

this

R anfu rly,

E.C. 4.

at a month .

who

The

S.J A . A .

pre sided,

held

Earl

said

such

step, it is felt, w ou ld not o n ly o b via te m u c h of the difficulty a n d d e la y that

Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London." Telephone No. Bank.

the

m e e t ir g

pre sent

system,

but

w o u ld

also

aid

arises

un de r

in e xte n d in g

furthering the work o f the A ssociation .

the and

H e g a ve details

o f the p roposed schem e, w hich puts the w h o le A ss o cia tion

EDITORIAL.

on a c o u n ty ce n tre basis.

L o r d R a n f u r l y also m e n tio n e d

that negotia tions were go in g on be tw ee n the R e d C ro ss a nd the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e A ss o cia tio n as to the work A

c o n fer en ce

was co n v e n e d at C a n n e s

Red Cross

the b eginn in g o f this month o f repre-

Conference

sentatives o f all the international R e d

at Cannes.

C ro ss

organisations.

The

purpose o f

the co n fe re nce was to outline measures

after

being the org anisation

o f an

International C o u n c i l and

Bureau o f H y g i e n e and P u b l i c H e a lt h , w hich will map out the latest and best m eth ods o f relieving suffering and co m b a tin g disease.

war,

and

w ou ld

he en d

exp ressed in

the

hope

friendly

spirit,

that as

the both

org anisatio ns were w orking hand in ha n d for the ca u s e o f hu m an ity.

T h e meeting u n a n im o u s ly agre ed to ad o p t the

schem e.

necessary to w id en still further the activities o f R e d Cross Societies in time o f peace, the first step in that direction

the

negotia tions

W e feel sure that w hen the C o u n t y C e n t r e S c h e m e is in full operation it will lead to a

big e xp ansio n in the

tea ch in g o f first aid

subjects, and that

and

kin d re d

is a m o v e in the right direction.

A t a future da te w e h o p e

to be a b le to deal m ore fully with this subject.

A l th o u g h the organisatio ns will, it is to

be presumed, retain their natio nal character, their activities will be co -ordin ated under a central co m m itte e o f direction. T h e im p o rtan ce o f this sch e m e ca n n o t be over-estim ated ; what the

League

o f N a tio n s should

be in maintaining

peace, this union o f R e d C ro ss Societies aims to be in pro tecting p u b lic health. F o llo w in g the C a n n e s confere nce,

In view o f the recent o u tbre ak o f cereb ro spinal fever, Messrs. A. & C . B l a c k ’s a n n o u n c e m e n t o f a fo rth co m in g b ook on the su b je c t is timely. are

W o rste r-D ro ug ht,

B .A .,

T h e authors o f the work M . B .,

and

A le x .

Mills

K e n n e d y , M .D ., w ho were b o th p o sted for d u ty at W o o l thirty days

after

wich, and were in c h a rg e o f patients suffering from this

p eace is de clared a co n fe re n c e will be held at G e n e v a by

dis ease

the invitatio n o f the In terna tio na l R e d

district.

C ro ss

with

the

among

the

troops

the

W o o l w ic h

military

— F I R S T

3ht Grand friorg of the 6rdir of the Xospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BU LAN CE

Uhe St. No. 1 District.

DEPARTM ENT.

John .Ambulance Srigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C om m issio n er :

W . H. W IN N Y , O .B.E. M A Y 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 4th.— No. 49 Division, Erith. „ u t h .- N o . 50 „ Hoddesdon. „ 18th.— No. 51 „ Croydon. „ 25th— No. 53 „ Watford. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m.

O F F IC E R ’S T R A IN IN G C O U R S E . The next meeting in connection with this course will take place on Wednesday A pril 16th, at 7.30 p.m., in St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell. A ll officers and candidates for officer’s rank, are invited to attend this meeting. S E R G E A N T ’S A N D C O R P O R A L ’S T R A IN IN G CLA SS . The next meeting in connection with the above class will be held on Wednesday, May 7th at 7.30 p.m., in St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, E .C . A ll member of the above ranks and candidates for that rank are invited to attend this class. No other notice will be sent of these meetings. C O R R E S P O N D E N C E TO H E A D Q U A R T E R S . Officers and members in charge of divisions are requested to quote the registered number of the member of their D iv i sion to whom correspondence refers, as this saves a great deal of time to the Headquarter staff. ANN UAL RETURN S, W hen the B .F .l’s are returned to a Division after scrutiny at Headquarters, members who are marked non-efficient should be notified at once. U N IF O R M U S E D ON A C T IV E S E R V IC E W IT H N A V A L O R M IL IT A R Y F O R C E S . Superintendents and Members in charge of Ambulance Divisions will perhaps ascertain which of their members have worn out their Brigade uniform whilst on active service in the Navy or Army The returns should give the member’s name, Brigade number, unit to which he was attached, and the date of joining up. U N IF O R M . Surgeon’s cap.— The netted button and silver braid will not in future be worn by surgeons. Handkerchief cap.— Nursing Divisions— The handkerchief cap as worn by St. John V.A .D . will in future be worn by nursing sisters in place of the Sister Dora cap. Black tie.— Nursing Divisions— A black tie will be worn with the collar on the washing dress when worn out of doors in the summer without apron ; the tie to be fastened with the Brigade brooch. W E A R IN G O F R E S E R V E B A D G E S ON U N IF O R M . Members of the M ilitary Home Hospital Reserve, on re joining their Divisions after demobilisation, may retain their membership, and wear the badge, of that Reserve on Brigade uniform. (W ar Office Authority 83/177 (A .M .D .l.) 8/4/19). W O U N D S T R IP E S . A ll members of the Brigade who are entitled to wear the wound stripes for wounds received, may wear such ipes on B rigade uniform.

A I D —

April, 1919.

D ATE OF EN RO LM EN T OF N EW M EM BERS. Sometimes a considerable period elapses between the date on which a candidate’s name is submitted to a Division and the date on which the application for membership is submitted to Headquarters. T his period varies from one to twelve months in certain Divisions. It should be understood that the date of enrolment will be regarded as the date on which the form is received at District Headquarters, and this date should be used on all forms on which it is required. T his date is shown on the application form, which is returned to the D iv i sion after the member has been registered at Headquarters. (Signed) W . H. W IN N Y , Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C.

Commissioner.

IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . On Saturday, M arch 29th, the annual meeting of the No. 1 District of the St. John Ambulance Brigade was held at St. John’s Gate. The Commissioner, Mr. W . H. W inny, pre sided. In the course of the meeting, the E a rl of Ranfurly, Director of the Ambulance Department, distributed Service Medals, Bars and W ar Service Badges to members of the district. In the course of a short address he stated that having given four years arduous service to the department during war, he felt that for reasons of health he must now retire. He congratulated the Commissioner and the District on the excel lent work they had done. R oyal B orough

K e n sin g to n

(N o.

70) D i v i s i o n .

— The fifth annual general meeting of the above division was held at headquarters, St. M ary Abbot’s Instituteon March 14th, and was attended by 22 members. Acting Sergt. M illard, member in charge, being in the chair. Acting Sergt. M illard presented the balance sheet and con gratulated the members on the state of the funds of the divi sion. Private Sier, hon. sec., gave a brief outline of the work of the division during the year. The division consists of supt., 4 sergeants, 2 corporals, and 64 privates, of whom supt., 3 sergeants, 2 corporals and 35 privates [are on Active Service, the remainder being in charge of Acting Sergt. M illard. Fiftyfour drills and 85 duties were attended, including Wormwood Scrubbs, hostile air craft raids (attending on two occasions in damaged areas), Gifford House Auxiliary Hospital, Roehampton ; Chelsea Palace and Granville Music Halls, and others when called upon by headquarters. Nine new members were enrolled and nine members resigned during the year. Fifty cases were treated on duty and 390 cases treated off duty, making a total of 440 cases treated by members of this division. Fifteen members sat for re-examination and all passed. The death of Private Greenham, one of the most arduous workers of the division is much regretted. No. 2 District. C H E L T E N H A M . — Mrs. R. Kitson, of Cheltenham, member of the Nursing Division of the above corps, and member of St. John V.A .D . Glos. 108, has been awarded the Royal Red Cross 2nd Class in recognition of her services at the St. John Hospital, which was one of the auxiliary hospitals in the Cheltenham group. She is the second member of this voluntary aid detach ment to receive this honour, and has worked continuously at the hospital from the time it was opened in 1915 till it was closed this year. Two other workers at this hospital have been mentioned in dispatches recently [for work done, viz., Mr. W. W ard Whittard, who acted as Secretary, and Mrs. Ing lis, who was in charge of the linen room all the time.

April, 1919.

— F I R S T

No. 4 District.

successful W hist Drive and Dance, arranged by the Committee of the Division was held on March 13th at the Public H all, Altrincham. During the proceedings Dr. H . Cooper spoke of the work done by the Division, and mentioned that during the war a great number of cases were treated by the members at the munition works in the district. Prizes, given by Mr. E. G. Parker, Messrs. Edwin Watson, Ltd., Miss Jackson, and the members of the committee, were handed to the successful competitors, M iss Carson and Messrs. Bamber, Mankin, Hotley, Glough and Astwick, by Dr. Cooper. Messrs. A. Chadwick and F. V. Lamb gave their services as M.C.’s. A sum of £ 1 6 will be handed over to the treasurer of the Division for Brigade funds as a result of the effort. A

l t r in c h a m

.— A

AID. —

prize and 10s. for the second. A very interesting test was given, and the judge was Dr. W . G. W illiam s. The teams were placed as follows :— Llwynypia No. 1, 79 ; Llwynypia No. 2, 71 ; Naval, 63 ; Cambrian No. 1, 61 ; Cam brian No. 3, 51 ; Cambrian No. 2, 48. The total marks were 120.

Red C ro ss C o n g re ss a t C an n e s. C

o n fer en ces

o f the scientists ca lle d to geth er

the

com

m ittee o f R e d C r o ss Societies to prepare a p ro gram m e to aid h u m an ity the world over in fighting disease began on

No. 5 District.

March 11th a W hist Drive was held at the Im perial Rooms, Sheffield, arranged by the Social Com mittee of the Corps. T his is the third drive held this winter, and it proved to be as great a success as its predecessors. The Social Committee were also responsible for a concert which took place at the Montgomery Hall, Surrey-street, Shef field, on A pril 5th under the auspices of the V .A .D .’s, Nos. 47, 49, 66 and 108, the complement of which is drawn from the Sheffield Corps. A very enjoyable programme was rendered by the “ M ascots” pierrot troupe, who gave their services voluntarily. The chairman, Councillot Arthur Neal, Esq., M.P., in his opening remarks, said that the general public perhaps did not know what had been done by the members of the Sheffield Corps of the St. John Ambulance Brigade. When he told them that no less than 65,000 soldiers had been brought into Sheffield during the war, he was sure they would agree with him that as the detraining of these men meant the stretcher bearers turning out at all hours of the night, this service for their country was no small one. Apart from this, he knew from his connection with the 3rd Northern General Hospital that the members had rendered assistance there which was highly praised by the administrator and Officers of that In sti tution, and he was very pleased to be able to associate himself with such a fine body of men and women. S

h e ffie ld

. — On

No. 8 District. M a i d s t o n e . — The annual meeting of the division was held on March 12th. The Supt. in his report states that the year has been one of steady progress and success. The strength of the division comprised one divisional surgeon, one supt., two ambulance officers, six sergts., eight corpls., and 20 privates, making a total of 98 men. Of these 34 were still on active service in various branches of the Forces. It was with sincere regret that he announced that Private B. E . Bennett, whilst serving as corporal in the East Surrey Regt. was killed on November 28th, 1917. The V.A.D. branch had 51 mem bers, and had done excellent work as night orderlies at \ .A.D. hospitals, besides carrying out day duty when required. The transport department under the direction of Ambu lance Officer J. T. Pickard, had undertaken 92 private re movals— an increase of 28 on the previous year. Many patients were very poor, and the cost in nearly all cases was met wholly or in part from Brigade funds. The Brigade was greatly indebted to the Transport Officer of the V.A .D . (Mr. Bernard Haynes) for the loan of the two motor ambulances of the V.A.D., which had been a great boon to this branch of the work.

No. 11 District.

LLWYNYPlA.An ambulance competion was held on March 29th, at Llwynypia, for a handsome silver challenge cup, pre sented by Mr. G. Oliver, of Leicester, and silver medals gi\en by Mr. A. G. Bennett. In addition, Mr. Herbert Lewis, O.B.E., the Commissioner of the District, gave £ 1 as first

A p ril 1st. at Can nes. A p lan for an international health bureau w hich should bring to every part o f the world

the

latest

m eth ods

scientists for the pro tectio n o f health was presented by C o l. R ic h a r d P. Strong,

U .S .A .

T h i s k n o w le d g e w ou ld

best b e distributed, said C o l. Strong, throu gh the a gen cy o f the national R e d C ro ss Societies. A m o n g the well k n o w scientists to a p p ro v e Col. S t r o n g ’s idea were Dr. E. M a chia fa va , professor o f a n a tom y and p ath o lo gy at the U n iv e rs ity at R o m e ; Professor K e n wood, o f L o n d o n , and a n d Professor R o u x , director o f P a steur Institute, Paris, w h o was ele cted presid en t of the congress. A sup plem ental m e m o ra n d u m , w h ich provides for a training sch o o l for m en and w om en w h o w ould later be sent to various countries to h a n d le th e scientific program m e, was presented by Dr. H e r m a n Biggs, o f N e w Y o r k . H e n r y P. D a vid so n , cha irm an o f the C o m m it t e e o f R e d C ro ss Societies, said that the p ro gram m e did not con tem plate in any w ay lim iting the N a tio n a l R e d C ro ss Societies, but in te n d ed rather to stimulate them and to in crease their usefulness in tim e o f peace. “ It is the u n an im o us sen tim en t,” said Mr. D a vid so n , “ that the n ee d for such an un d e rtak in g is universal and urgent, and that the p roposed plan will afford the longde sired means for international co-o peration in p ro m o ting the general welfare o f all peoples. U p o n the p eo p le will d e p e n d the d egree o f success w hich this m o v e m e n t o b tains, a n d we shall see that the m essage w h ich these scientists have to c o n v e y to the w orld will be carried. “ It is in our power to devise the necessary machinery. W e are co m m itte d to no hard a n d fast pro eram m e. Our org anisation is and will rem ain flexible, so that we shall always be rea dy to take a co urse where, with the least d elay and in the m ost direct manner, we ca n reach the p eo p le an d a d v a n c e their happiness a n d welfare. W e plan an org anisation that will deal in the q u ic k e s t a n d wisest way throu gh united a ction with p ro b lem s arising from ca ta s trophes, pestilence, diseases a n d fam in e.” A t the follo w ing m eeting Sir R o b e r t Ph illips, o f E d i n burgh, said he ca m e to the c o n fe re n c e fearing that the esta b lish m en t o f a C e n t r a l R e d C r o ss organisation might interfere with the work o f the so-called ve sted interests, s uch as p u b lic health b odies and the N a tio n a l C o m m i t t e e for C o m b a t i n g T u b e rc u lo s is , but he a n d his co leagu es were all c o n v in c e d that the new org anisation w ou ld not in any w ay infringe on the work o f a n y o n e. T h e de legates as a w ho le had certainly tak en the lessons o f the war to heart. T h e y all realised the n eed for an efficiently c o n d u c te d health p ropaganda, w orkin g on the most up-to-date lines, w hich w o u ld e n d e a v o u r to explain health facts in sim p le la n g u ag e to every m an and wom an.

152

— FIR ST

A ID

TH E ST.

THE

ST.

JOHN

JOH N

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

April, 1919

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

N e w s.

M A R C H , 1919. T h e C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No. 1 D i s t r i c t (Prince of W ales’s Corp). No. 72 Barking Division.— Alma James Newman Nice to be Ambulance Officer, 11,3.19, vice Ambulance Officer H. Simons, resigned 30.12.18. No. 3 D is t r ic t . Lady Corps Supt. Mrs. Martha Reeves to be District Lady Supt., 22.2.19. Lady Corps Supt. Mrs. Amy Francis Porter to be District Lady Secretary, 22.2.19. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Carrs Lane Nursing D iv i sion).— Miss Ruby Floyd to be Nursing Officer, 9.3.19. Leicester Corps.— Lady Corps Supt. M iss M. Noble re signed her appointment, 4.4.19. No. 4 D is t r ic t . Manchester and Salford Corps (North Manchester D iv i sion).— M ark N. Luschinski to be Ambulance Officer, 18.3.19. No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Barnoldswick Nursing Division.— Mrs. Bell Parker to be Lady Divisional Supt., 27.2.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt., Mrs. Thornton, resigned. Nottingham Corps (Beeston Nursing Division).— Sarah Agnes Armstrong to be Nursing Officer, 11.2.19. Derby N ursing Division.— M iss Nellie Falconer to be Nursing Officer, 24.2.19. Mrs. E . Eagle to be Nursing Officer, 25.2.19. M iss Kate Darley to be Nursing Officer, 26.2.19. Hanley and District Corps.— W illiam H. Robinson, J.P., to be Honorary President, 28.3.19. Richard R. Read, L.R.C.P,', M .R.C.S., to be Corps Supt., 14.3.19. Lincoln Corps.— Robert Ashleigh Glegg, M ,D., to be Corps Supt., 25.3.19, vice Corps Supt. K. R. Deighton, re signed. North Staffs. Railway Corps (Longton Division).— W illiam Louis Newton to be Ambulance Officer, 25.3.19. North Staffs. Railway Corps Newcastle Division).— Charles E. Evans to be Divisional Supt., 25.3.19. North Staffs. Railway Corps (Congleton Division),— James Hollinshead to be Ambulance Officer, 25.3.19. Worksop D ivision.— Calvert Wheeler to be Ambulance Officer, 26.3.19. M eir Division.— Divisional Supt. Heath is placed on the reserve list of the Brigade. Keighley Corps (Oxenhope N ursing Division). — Mr. Bertha Bancroft to be Ladv Divisional Supt., 21.3.19. Mrs. Hannah M ary Ratcliffe to be Nursing Officer, 21.3 19. Robert G. Thomson, M.D., M .B.Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 21.3.19. Bradford City Nursing Division.— Mrs. Elizabeth Warnett to be Nursing Officer, 21.3 19, vice Nursing Officer Miss M cIntosh, resigned owing to ill-health. No. 6 D is t r ic t . West Hartlepool Division.— Thomas Henry Burnup to be Ambulance Officer, 7.3.19Blyth and District Nursing Division.— M iss Ada Charlotte Mitchell to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6.3.19. Gateshead Saltwell Nursing D ivision.— Divisional Sur

geon S. Robson resigned his appointment, 24.1.19. James Alwin Colville Scott, M .B., B.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, >-3-19H ull Corps (Argyle Division).— Divisional Supt. A. R. Warnes resigned his appointment, 16.1.19. W alter Usher to be Divisional Supt., 1.4.19, vice Divisional Supt. A. R. Warnes, resigned. No. 8 D is t r ic t . Lady D istrict Officer Rachell P riscilla W eigall to be Lady D istrict Supt., 28.3.19, vice Lady District Supt. the Hon. Florence Daly reverting to Lady District Officer, 17.3.19. Canterbury St. Martin’s Nursing Division.— Lady D iv i sional Supt. Miss Wemyss resigned her appointment, 7.3.19. Mrs. Marion Kingsford to be Lady Divisional Supt., 11.3.19. Strood and Rochester Nursing Division.— Miss Clara Lynch to be Nursing Officer, 10.3.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss Biggs, resigned. Maidstone Division.— Ambulance Officer James T. Pickard resigned his appointment, 20.3.19. No. 9 D is t r ic t . Parkstone Nursing Division.— M iss Laura De la Combe to be Nursing Officer, 5.3 19. Penzance Division.— John Basil Page, M.B., to be D iv i sional Surgeon, 14.3.19. Richard R. Quick to be Divisional Supt., 14.3.19. No. 12 D is t r ic t . County of Dublin Corps (Glenageary Division).— W. H. Paget Hadfield to be Divisional Supt., 28.1.19, vice Divisional Supt., Dr. C. Burnett Scott who reverts to Divisional Surgeon. County of Dublin Corps (Dundrim Nursing Division).— Lady E nid Nutting to be Honorary Member, 17.3.19. City of Dublin Corps (City of Dublin Division).— Frank J. Horne to be Divisional Supt., 12.12.18, vice Divisional Supt. R. W. Jameson, resigned. George W. Belton to be Ambu lance Officer, 10,3.19, vice Ambulance Officer Frank J. Horne, promoted. N

iv isio n

No. 4 D is t r ic t . Armsworth-Whitworth Openshaw Ambulance Division 11.3.19. No. 8 D is t r ic t . Canterbury St. Martin’s Nursing Division, joined with Canterbury Nursing Division, 1.4.19. Mrs. Kingsford remains a Lady Supt. supernumerary to establishment. No. 9 D is t r ic t . Penzance Ambulance Division, 14.3.19. D

e ath s

No. 8 D is t r ic t . Littlehampton Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. M iss Biyant. No. 6 D is t r ic t . Duke Division.— Divisional Surgeon R. J. M ills, 3.4.19. R

oll

o n o u r

Binks, Capt. H. W., Castleford, 113th Brigade, R .F.A . Burbidge, Pte. G. A., Boston, M .H .H .R . Byrne, Pte. L., St. James’ Gate, Dublin, M .H .H .R .

April, ! 9 1 9 ,

— FIR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

Cade, Acting Quartermaster L. H., North Camberwell, M .H .H .R . Dalton, Pte. J. W., West Hartlepool, M .H .H .R . Drew, J. A. V., Kensington, R.N .A .S.B .R . Embleton, Corpl. F., Friend’s Division, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1st Inniskilling Fus. French, Pte. T., North Walbottle, Tyneside Irish Regt. Lomax, Acting Sergt. J., Swinton, M .H .H .R . Meehan, Pte., North Walbottle, Tyneside Irish Regt. Moore, Corpl. T. H., Worksop, M.G.C. Neppiras, Pte. T. E., Merton and Wimbledon, M .H .H .R . Ruffell, Pte. G. E., London Post Office, R.A .M .C. Scott, P. G., Skipton, R.N .A .S.B .R . Smith, Lance-Corpl. A. E., Castleford, R.A.M .C. Walker, Pte., J. R., Accrington, M .H .H .R . M

ilita r y

e c o r a t io n s

an d

w a r d s

Curry, Sergt.-Major, G. R., No. 6 District, Meritorious Service Medal. French, Pte. T., North Walbottle, M ilitary Medal. Ibbotson, Corpl. S., Castleford, Certificate of Merit. Jones, Corpl. W. Z., Castleford, M ilitary Medal.

S t. J o h n

V o lu n t a r y

A id

D e ta c h m e n ts.

M A R C H , 1919. A

p po in t m e n t s

, P

r o m o t io n s

an d

e sig n a t io n s

Miss W . Lyle, appointed Commandant Londonderry 6. Miss G. Giveen, resigned Commandantship of Londonderry 6. Miss S. Keay, resigned Commandantship of Leicester, 28. R

o l l

o f

o n o u r

Ainsworth, M iss G., London 264. Primrose, The Viscountess Jane, London 264. Somerville, Mrs. R., W. Lancs. 70. Spargo, Mrs. Adeline, London 148.

T h e G r a n d P r io r y of th e

O rd e r o f th e

H o s p it a l of S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery 0) the Order , St. John's Gate , Clerkenwell , London, E .C ., A p r i l Qth, 191Q.

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n ig h ts o f Grace:

The Right Hon. David Lloyd George, P.C., M.P. Sir Anderson Crichett, Bt., K.C.V.O., F.R.C.S.(Ed-). Colonel Edward Baron Hartley, V.C., C.M.G., M .R.C.S. Lieut.-Col. Herbert Lindsay FitzPatrick, O .B.E. (from Honor ary Associate). A s Ladies o f G ra ce:

Leila, M iss Power. Constance Katharine Mary, Mrs. Reddie. Julia Elizabeth Mary, Mrs. Talbot. Marie Jeanne, Lady Coats. Calita, Mrs. Palmer. Dame Emma Maud McCarthy. A s E squires:

Walter St. John Fox, M .B.E. George Cecil Herbert Brown. W illiam George Smith (from Honorary Associate).

JOHN

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

153

A s H onorary S e r v in g B rothers :

Richmond John Stevenson Gray. Captain Percy Walker. Captain Frederick Crawford Smith, O .B.E. Stanley Brown Craig. A s H onorary S erv in g Sisters :

Mary, Miss Crowdy, C.B.E. Marguerite Ethel, Lady Allan. Eileen Leslie, Mrs. McCausland. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A ssociates :

M ajor Frederick John Scrimgeour, R .A .M .C. Constance Gertrude Lilian, the Hon. Mrs. Cozens Hardy. Ada Constance, Mrs. H. K. Stephens. Diana Geraldine Vere, Mrs. Claude Magniac, Lieut.-Col. Henry Cooper, D.S.O., M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P ,, R .A .F . The Rev. Charles Hamilton Mylne. Censtance Viti Molesworth, Miss Allardyce. Katharine Angell Keva, Miss Allardyce. Grace Evelyn Ogilvie, Mrs. Lobb.

C o p ie s o f L e t t e r s R e c e iv e d b y th e A m b u la n c e D e p a r t m e n t of th e O rd er. W ar Office, Adastral House, Victoria Embankment, E.C . 4. March, 1919. S i r ,— I am commanded by the Army Council to acquaint you that they desire to place on record their appreciation of the very valuable services which have been rendered by the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the St. John Ambulance Association throughout the war. Owing to the formation of the Home Hospital Reserve previous to the war, and by reason of its rapid mobilisation in August, 1914, large numbers of the personnel of the Royal Arm y Medical Corps were set free and were thus enabled to proceed without delay with the original Expeditionary Force to France. Through their patriotic action in undergoing training in time of peace, the members of your Association were able at once to take up their duties in the hospitals of the United Kingdom, and it has been in great measure due to the effici ency with which they have performed those duties, which have been both arduous and continuous, that these institutions have been successfully carried on. I am to ask that you will be so good as to convey the thanks of the Council to the members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and Association for the very valuable services they have rendered.— 1 am, Sir, your obedient servant, (Signed) B. B. CUBITT. The Medical Department, Admiralty. 10, Charles-street, Berkeley-square, W .i. March qth, 1919. S i r ,— I have the honour to thank you, the officers con cerned, and members of the Brigade for the way in which they have worked to make the R .N .A .S.B .R . such a success during the war. The work of preparation for active service during peace time needed much self-denial, and the results attained by the Sick Berth Reserve staff reflects the greatest credit on all concerned in that preparation. I sincerely trust that there will be the same loyal co-operation in the future as in the past, so that, in case of any further national emergency, we may be ready to mobilise an even greater Reserve rating than at the outbreak of hostilities in 1914.— I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, (Signed) W. H N o rm a n , M edical Director General. W h e n c orresp on d in g w i t h A d v e r tis e r s please m e n tion “ F i r s t A id .”

i 54____________ — F I R S T

AID

THE

ST.

JOHN

S p e c ia l B r i g a d e O rd e r. D

e m o b il isa t io n

th e

r ig a d e

o sp it a l

h e St. John Ambulance Brigade Hospital having completed its work in France and been demobilised, the Chief Com missioner conveys to the personnel of all ranks his congratu lations on the work they have done, and his admiration for the devotion, courage and loyalty which has animated them throughout, by virtue of which the Hospital has gained the high distinction of being “ second to none” within the sphere of its work. Those who have given their lives in its service will live in the memory of the Brigade a sacred and honoured tradition. (Signed) Jam es R. A n d r e w C l a r k , Chief Commissioner.

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m i t t e e to C o u n t y D ir e c to r s . D

ear

sen d

y o u the follo w ing for yo ur i n fo r m a t io n :—

T h e W a r O ffice has gran ted an extra 3d. per d a y per o c c u p i e d be d to C la ss “ A ” A u x ilia ry H o s p ita ls as from the 1st D e c e m b e r , 19 18. C la im s can therefore be sent in for a n y A u x ilia ry H o s p ita ls from that date w hether they h a v e since clo s ed or not. I sh o u ld be grateful if you w ou ld k in d ly give all the a ssistan ce y o u ca n to a re p resen tative o f the N a tio n al S o cie ty for the P re v e n tio n o f C o n s u m p tio n w h o m ay apply to you. T h i s S o c ie ty works in clo se to u ch w ith the G o v e r n m e n t A u th o rities in co-ordin ating the voluntary side o f the work. Y o u will p ro b a b ly receive a visit from either M is s M c G a w or so m e other la dy o f the Society. I am a sk ed by the C e n t r a l Join t V . A . D . C o m m i t t e e to say that m e m bers o f m e n ’s V o l u n ta r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t s w ho rejoin their d e ta ch m en ts from service with H is M a je s t y ’s F o rce s s h o uld rejoin with their form er position as supernu m eraries aw aitin g absorption. I am in fo rm ed by the W a r Office that it has now been d e c id e d that, if desired , brassards in the possession o f m e m b er s o f V o l u n ta r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t s m ay be retained on de m o bilisa tion on the u n d e rstan d in g that t h e y are not worn u n d e r a n y circum stances. T h e W a r Office stamp will be obliterated. I a m a sk ed by L a d y A m p t h il l to say that G en er al Se rv ice V . A . D . m em bers released since N o v e m b e r n t h on C o m p a s s io n a t e gro u n d s are entitled to D e m o b o lisa tio n B e n e fits un de r A C .I. 79, a c c o rd in g to their m o bile or i m m o b i le co ntracts, p ro v id ed that they have co m p le t e d one y e a r ’s service. A n y m e m b er w h o is in possession o f A . F . Z . 38, issued on co m p as s io n a te release, a n d w h o has not re c e iv e d her gratuity, s h o uld be instructed to m a ke app li ca tio n im m e d iate ly in writing to the C o m m a n d i n g Officer o f the hospita l in w hich she worked. O n a n d after M a y 1st the a ddress o f this D e p a r tm e n t will be R o o m 54, s e co n d landing. Y o u will have s£en a n o tic e in the Times formally a n n o u n c i n g the esta b lish m en t o f the C e n t r a l C o u n c i l for In fa n t a n d C h i ld Welfare. W e are aware that our V . A . D . m e m b e r s n ee d a rest after four years o f war work, but I h o p e you will e n c o u r a g e them after they h a v e had a h o li d a y to v o lu n tee r for the e qu ally im portan t work c o n n e cte d w ith In fan t and C h i l d Welfare. W e only p ro p o se at the p resen t tim e to allow our V . A . D . m e m b er s to work for the

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

April, 1919.

Societies represen ted on the C e n t r a l C o u n c il and, o f course, civil institutions un der the G o v e r n m e n t ; e.g., C a r e C o m mittees. I f you are do ubtful a b o u t an app lica tio n re ceived from any particular Society, it m ay help y o u to refer to the Secretary o f the C o u n c il at 83, P a ll Mall. I am ask ed by the S ecretary o f th e N a tio n al L e a g u e for H e a l t h M ate rn ity a n d C h i ld W e lfare to say that they h a ve a N ursery T ra in in g S c h o o l atta ch e d to the B a b ie s H o sp ita ls at 4, G leb e-p la ce, Church-street, C lis s o ld Park, S to k e N e w in gto n , N ., and th e y are very anxious to obtain pro bationers. T h e r e are vacancies for probationers w h o will p ay fees, a n d after co m p letio n o f trainin g can be gu aran teed salaries ra nging from ^ 4 0 to ^ 1 0 0 , and also for p ro b a tioners neither paying fees nor re ceivin g salaries. A p p l i c a tions for particulars sh o u ld be m a d e to M iss H a lford , 4, T av is to ck -s q u are, L o n d o n , W . 1. T h e E d u c a t i o n C o m m i t t e e o f the British R e d Cross S o cie ty ha ve a sk ed for fuller particulars with reference to successful can d id ates in the blue stripe examination. I should be very grateful, therefore, if in future y o u would sen d me 1. T h e n u m b e r or p ercen tag e o f marks obtained, and 2. T h e D e t a c h m e n t s to w h ich the m em bers belong. I shall, o f course, require these details for St. J o h n and T errito ria l m em bers also. Y o u r s faithfully, C

h i l s t o n

C hief County Director

A t the m eeting o f the Joint W a r C o m m it t e e o f the British R e d C r o ss S o cie ty and the O rd e r o f St. John, held at 83, Pall-mall, S .W . 1, on A pril i s t . 't h e Rt. H o n . E v e ly n C e cil, M . P ., was e le cted vice-chairm an in the p lace o f the E a rl o f P ly m o u th , who has been co m p e lle d to resign owing to con tin u e d ill-health.

T h e fo llo w in g “ R e v ie w ” o f the H o m e N u r s in g T e x t b o o k app ea red in the “ B rit ish M e d i c a l Jou rn al ” on the 29th M a r c h T h e official Home N u rsin g Handbook o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e A s s o c ia t i o n has be en co m p iled b y a m edical c o m m it t e e m ainly from the m anu scrip t o f M is s M. H e a th e r-B ig g , matron o f the C h a r in g Cross H ospital. I t is a ve ry sensible, clear, a n d practical p o c k e t v o lu m e o f reference, c o n v e y in g the ru dim en ts of the art o f nursing in the form o f sim p le rules for the treat ment o f illness or a c c id e n t in a private house. T h e n eed for loyal co-operation with the m e dical a tte nda n t is insisted upon throughout.

A t B u c k in g h a m P a la c e on the 28th M a rch , her M a je s ty the Q u e e n o f R u m a n ia was presented, on b e h a l f o f his R o y a l H ig h n e s s the G r a n d P rio r a n d the C h a p t e r G e n e r a l o f the O rd e r [of St. J o h n o f Jerusalem, with the insignia o f a L a d y o f J u s tic e o f the O rd e r as a tribute to her heroism a n d de vo tio n to the ca re o f the sick a n d w o u n d e d during the war. In the a b s e n c e o f the D u k e of C o n n a u g h t , the G r a n d Prior, w h o is a broad, a n d o f the Sub-Prior, the E a rl o f P ly m o u t h , th ro u gh illness, the p re sentation was m a d e by the R t. H o n . E v e l y n C e cil, M .P ., as Secretary-G eneral, a n d L o r d C l a u d e H a m ilt o n , as R e g is trar. Mr. W . R . E d w a r d s , the Secretary, was present. H e r M a je s t y ’s a p p o in tm e n t was fo rm ally g a z e tte d on the 28th M a rch .

Aprii, 1919

— FIR ST

AID

THE

ST.

JOHN

AM BULANCE W

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r M arch h e r e is little to g iv e in the w ay o f a S u m m a r y of the work at D e v o n s h i r e H o u s e for the m o n th o f M a rch . W ith the e xcep tio n o f the d e p a rtm e n t dealing w ith the V . A . D . S ch ola rs h ip S c h e m e , a n d the F o re ign S ection o f the G e n e r a l Se rv ice D e p artm en t, most o f the departm ents have been very slack, e xce p t for o cca sio n a l spurts o f work. W e should like to tell our readers that this is likely to be our last S u m m a r y o n w ork c o n d u c t e d at D e v o n s h ire H o use . It is p ro p o se d very shortly to re m o v e the h e a d quarters a n d co n tin u e the work at a h o u s e in G ro s ve n or Gardens. M u c h real regret is felt b y the m e m b ers o f the staff w ho ha ve been p rivileged to carry on the w ork here for the past four years ; at the sam e time, however, they feel a d e e p sense o f gratitude that, ow in g to th£ kindness o f the D u k e o f D e vo n s h ire , they have e n jo y e d this pri vilege for so long. W e h o p e in our next m o n th ’s notes to give further details o f the V . A . D . S ch o la rs h ip S c h e m e . T h e 3 1st M a rch b ein g the day given as the last for re ce ivin g app li cations for help u n d e r the s ch e m e is m a kin g the depa rt ment dealin g with this work extre m e ly busy. A large num b er o f app licatio n s have been re ce ive d from m em bers in all parts o f the country, from F r a n c e a n d E g y p t , etc., and each app lication is bein g carefu lly co n sid e re d by a specially cho se n C o m m ittee .

il it a r y

an d

ava l

e pa r tm e n t

M a n y hospitals are now bein g dem o bilised, and this, together with the fact that we are n ot posting m em bers to the Q . A . I . M . N . S . , as this is bein g d o n e b y the Matron-inChief, m akes the d e m a n d for our m e m bers very m uch smaller W e are still requiring g o o d senior m em b ers for posting to N a v a l hospitals and to W . R . A . F . sick bays. In the case o f the latter we a pp o int two m e m b e r s — o n e senior and one ju n io r— to e a c h sick bay the senior m e m b e r ranks as a L a d y S u p e rin te n d en t a n d receives ^ 3 5 per annum, the junior m e m ber ^ 3 0 . T h e two m e m b ers are in entire charge o f the sick bay, and so m e o f our best m em b ers the re fore are required for these posts. T h e n u m b e r o f postings for the m o n th to N a va l, M ilitary and W . R . A . F . hospitals was 32 1. R e q u is itio n s n u m b e re d 308. Jo

in t

o m m ittee

an d

otor

e pa r tm e n t

D u rin g M a rc h six m e m b er s — o f w h o m three were motor drivers— were p o sted to F ran ce. M a n y members have reported here on the term ination o f their contracts from F ra n ce, Italy, Sa lo n ik a and E g y p t. A m o n g these was a m e m ber w ho had b e en w orkin g as an invalid diet kitchen cook in E g y p t for three years and during that tim e she had no h o m e leave. W e feel that this m e m b e r m a y well be proud o f her service. A

u x ilia r y

o sp it a l s

In this d e pa rtm e nt the de cre ase o f w ork is very marked. T h e r e has been a very large d rop in the figures as against those o f last month . It has therefore been d e c id e d that m em bers will n o longer be posted to A u x ilia ry hospita ls from this office, a n d a ny h o s pitals still re m a inin g o p en must, for the future, obtain their staff locally. O n l y 27 m e m bers h a v e been posted from D e v o n s h ire H o u s e during the month. C o n tracts were re n ew ed b y 27 members.

GAZETTE. —

e lfa r e

e pa r tm e n t

155 .

D u r i n g M a rc h a large n u m b e r o f our m e m b e r s ha ve been in hosp ital— there has been m u c h in fluenza with co m p licatio n s. T h i r t y ha ve been re c e iv e d at our own hospital at N o ttin gh am -pla ce, a n d the fo llo w in g at other ho sp ita ls— two at St. T h o m a s ’ hospital, 39 at M i l l b a n k hospital, 50 at V in cen t-sq u ar e hospital, 26 at the P r in c e o f W a le s ’ hospital. T h e cases at the P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ hospital were o n ly slight ones w h ich F r a n c e was a n x io us to evacuate. H a rt s le a p C o n v a le s c e n t H o m e has been q u ite full, 42 cases h a vin g re ce ive d care a n d benefit there. G

e n e r a l

e r v ic e

e ct io n

In this de pa rtm e tt work has been unusally heavy, ch iefly in co n n e ctio n with the d is ch a rg e o f m em bers, the p ay m e n t o f d e m o b ilis a tion benefits and p ay m e n ts in regard to sick pay. A Disp ersal H o s t e l has be en establish ed at S o u t h a m p to n in a d d itio n to the o n e at F o l k e s t o n e m e n tio n e d in last m o n th ’s report.

W ar

C h a r it ie s .

h e signing o f the arm istice a n d the cessation o f a ctiv e warfare brought-to an e n d the o b jects o f m a n y war ch a ri ties, m ore especially those for prisoners o f war, war hospital supplies, comforts for men o n a ctiv e service, a n d other like purposes. In callin g attention to this in their report for 19 1 8 , th s C h a r ity C o m m is s io n e rs state that m ost o f the charities w hich ha ve c e a s e d or are a b o u t to ce ase operations h a v e in h a n d u n e x p e n d e d funds often o f co n sid e ra b le a m o u n t, a n d th e y take the view that these b alan ces are, at a ny rate in a very large n u m b e r o f cases, held on C h a r ita b le T ru sts , a n d ca n n o t legally be d isp osed o f w ith ou t proper authority. T h e C o m m issio n e rs ha ve a c c o rd in g ly is sued circulars to all R e gistra tio n A utho rities p o in tin g out that W a r C h arities ho ld in g un ap p lied funds s h o u ld a pp ly to them for autho rity to a pp ly such funds to o b jects cy pres to the o riginal o b je cts o f the charity. T h e funds ha ve in m a ny in stances been raised lo cally for the benefit o f the men o f the locality or b e lo n g in g to specified regiments, the C o m m is s io n e rs are often urged to allow an a pplication in a m a nn er n ot perhaps strictly cy pres to the original o b j e c t s ; but h avin g in view the benefit either o f the men o f the particular lo cality or regim en t w hich m a y return from a ctiv e service or o f the locality gen erally, and, in view o f the p ossibility that in m a n y cases a claim m ight be legally m a d e that, the strict o b jects o f the fund ha vin g c o m e to an end, there is a resulting trust in favour o f the subscribers, they ha ve not th o u g h it n ecessary or desirable to insist in cases o f d o u b t on an a bso lu te ly strict o b s e r v a n ce o f the doctrine cy p r ’es. T h e app lication o f surplus funds o f the British R e d C r o ss So cie ty , the O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f J erusalem , a n d the J oin t C o m m i t t e e is re gu lated by the A c t o f 19 1 8 , a n d the C o m m is s io n e rs have arranged with the C e n tr al D e m o b ils a tion C o m m it t e e fo rm ed to ca rry out the provisions o f the A c t a system by w hich the a pp ro v al o f the C o m missioners can be o b ta in e d with a m in im u m o f tro ub le a n d delay,

T h e C o m m is s io n e rs say they re ce ive d in the co urse o f the year various c o m m u n ic a t io n s expressin g the view that the W a r Ch arities A c t , 1 9 1 6 , or similar a n d in so m e re spects m ore drastic p rovisions s h o u ld be e x t e n d e d to all charities for w hatever p u rp o se established.

— F I R S T

jlailway Jlmbulance. M e t r o p o l i t a n . — T h e annual com petition was held on Saturday, A p ril 5th, at Neasden W orks, a good num ber of friends being present. F o ur teams competed for the Challenge Shield and medals presented by directors and officers of the Com pany. D r. Corbet Fletcher acted as judge, and afterwards addressed the gathering, giving the formation and history of the St. Joh n A m bulance up to the present day. In the absence of the general manager, R . H . Selbie, E sq , the prizes were presented by W . W illcox, Esq., chief engineer. Awards gained during the year 1918 were also presented, which num bered— voucher, 1 3 ; medallions, n ; labels, 23 ; and 4 m eritorious certificates to members in recognition of services rendered during the year. T h e possible marks for com petition tests were 220, and the results were as fo llo w s:— 1st team, 1 5 0 J ; 2nd team, 144 J ; 3rd team, 125 ; 4th team, 100. T h e marking sheet of this com petition will be in cluded in our next issue.

The

L esso n

Our

AID. —

1 919

as practical as in other matters. L ik e the five wise virgins recorded in the scriptures, we must have the oil in our lamps ; that is, we must add to our knowledge if we are to fulfil amidst the toil and turm oil of life, all that prudence means. T h e only object of our being called into existence was to be fitted to be of service to m ankind. T h e setond arm of the cross signifies Fortitude. To you and I it means that we must patiently bear whatever comes by sorrow or adversity. D o n ’t make the world more sad by your own sadness, but put on a sm iling face and meet your troubles in the true spirit of the cross. T h e third arm stands for Tem perance. Practice moderation in all your habits of life. D o n ’t let your pas sions prevail or your virtues stagnate ; but whether it be in your work or leisure, your habits or your pleasure, be tem perate in all things. T h e last arm of the cross heralds the fact that Justice must have its place in your life and mine. F a ir to all and the enemy of none should be our aim. Jesus was ju s t ; and so must you and I be just, if we truly realise the depth of meaning in the cross.

^practical Joints.

C ro ss.

T h e following is an extract of an address by Sergt. S. C. K night, Walthamstow (N o. 29) D ivision, given at the Shernhall-street U n ite d M ethodist C hurch, on the occasion of a church parade, January 26th, 1919. I wish first of all, on behalf of the officers and mem bers of No. 29 D ivision and No. 11 N ursing D ivision , to say how much we appreciate the honour conferred upon us, of asking one of its members to take an active part in the service, and before such a large congregation. I should like this morning to draw your attention to a cross which you see on the bannerette before you. It is the cross we all wear as a badge upon our uniform . Over 100 years ago R aym ond du Puy, G rand M aster of the O rder of St. Jo h n of Jerusalem , ordered all its members to wear the white eight-pointed cross upon their black cloaks. It has ever since been the symbol of a great service ren dered to m ankind. W herever it went, there went, too, that spirit of w illing service in the cause of h u m a n ity ; and all down the centuries it has meant the same. D urin g the great war it has been carried to all theatres of the struggle; on the field, on our ships, in our hospitals, in our cities and towns w hich have been visited by enemy aircraft, and at our railway centres conveying our wounded to hospital. Everyw here the cross has gone ; it has meant a ceaseless, unflinching and unselfish desire to be of C h rist-like service to stricken hum anity. N urses and men alike, lay aside all thought of self to m inister to the wants of others. M any there have been decorated with various crosses. T h e y have deserved them. M ay the treasure them ! But to us there is no cross we value more, and no honour con sidered more precious than the honour of wearing the eight-pointed cross. Please remember it was white. Its whiteness in its meaning is the embodim ent of all the C hristian virtues. It rem inds us that in our lives we have to be p u re ; pure in mind, thought, word and deed ; to treasure that ideal as som ething which once attained must never be parted with. Let me now draw your attention to its four arms. Th ese sym bolise :— Prudence, Fortitude, Tem perance and Justice. P rudence rem inds us that in our wisdom we must be

April,

T h e E d i t o r in v it e s N o te s o n at I n a l C a s e s — w it h s p e c ia l re fe re n c e to g o o d a n d b a d b o in ts i n T r e a t m e n t — *or in c lu s io n i n t h is C o lu m n .

a p id

c tio n

An elderly man slipped and fell with both arms out stretched into some gearing wheels. When I reached him he had walked out of the gearing room without support in search of help. One hand was completely amputated and the other was hanging by the flesh only to a badly lacerated forearm. W e dressed the wounds with iodoglidine, covered them with boracic lint and removed the patient by motoi ambulance to the Infirmary, where he was immediately operated upon within fifteen minutes of the accident.— H. W., Kirkstall. T

h e

a g a r ie s

p ile psy

fellow workman suffered from severe Epilepsy for many years and was most difficult to control after an attack. In fact, I was the only man in the factory who could handle him him when he was in this state. One morning after a three weeks illness he turned up at work, clothed only in shirt and trousers and slippers and followed by two weeping sisters, whose earnest appeals to return home he rejected on the plea that he had during the night received a special message from Heaven for his workmates. When I arrived pandemonium reignsd in -he factory. Exercising my discrimination, I endeavoured to divert his attention and even suggested that there was a large crowd outside waiting at the street corner for the divine message. Failing in these tactics, I approached the patient and laid my hand on his shoulder to test the wisdom of using physical force, but immediately drew back when he picked up and threatened me with a long and heavy iron bar. As a last resource we sent for a policeman who, being in his turn threatened with the bar, not only drew back but also cleared out of the factory in double-quick time. Finally, after two hours, the patient was forcibly removed on a litter to his home, where he was kept under close observation for ten days and ultimately made a complete recovery.— H. F., Hampstead. A

Sergt.-M ajor R . W. Stone, R .A .M .C ., Supt. of the R o y al Borough of K ensington (No. 70) D ivision, has been presented with an illum inated address by the Mayor, C o u ncillo rs and inhabitants of the Borough of Bethnal Green as a token of gratitude and esteem for his services w hilst at B ethnal Green M ilitary H ospital.

— F I R S T

April, 1919.

AID. —

157

shorter, it had to be r e m e m b e r t d that re scue work had

CO N TENTS E

d it o r ia l

T H IS

NUM BER.

—

149 149

Red Cross Conference at Cannes Reorganisation of the S.J.A.A. . . . D

ist r ic t

...

o in ts

etters

u e r ie s

sur

th e

d it o r

an d

result o f the m ine re scue organisatio n on the

‘ Si 151 152 153

n sw ers

given in m ine were

M a n y d e fe cts in the apparatus co rr ec te d and

during

actual

the

front

*** I t s ee m ed to him that if a M in istry

o f Pu b lic H ealth

was form ed, it was very d e sirable that there

154 155 155 156 156

in tensive

w ork in the

into effect.

153 154

160 160

o r r espo n d en ts

and

were

line and valuab le m o d ifica tio n s were suggested and carried

properly

qualified

with m in in g— one. the diseases

m e d ic a l

who

had

in sp ecto r an

in tim ate

p eculia r to the mines.

should be

co n n e c t io n

k n o w le d g e o f

T his

app o in tm e n t

c o u ld be c o m b i n e d with that o f the inspector o f re scue organisation. well

F ra n ce,

a rra n ge m en t w here

the

similar to

officer

organisation supervised also the m e dical

this w orked m ine

re scue

services to the

tun ne lling co m p an ies. 500 R e d C ro ss motor a m b u la n ce s are to

Some

—

warfare.

d is co ve re d

tra inin g in the schools,

157 158

Fracture of Spine Foreign Body to E ar Injuries to Kidneys Corrosive Poisoning Treatment of Poisoning

* *

W e ste rn F ro n t had been that m a ny va lu a b le lives

156 156

Brigade Medal, &c. First Aid Training of Troops in Italy Q

and

saved, a n d im portant a ssistance in other ways had been

—

Rapid Action ... The Vagaries of Epilepsy Brevities ... Notable Ambulance Dates ... L

fire

150

—

Official Brigade News ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England Copies of Letters Received by the Ambulance D e partment of the Order Special Brigade Order . . . General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to the County Directors V .A.D . Summary of W ork for February ... W ar Charities ... Railway Ambulance The Lesson of Our Cross P

un de r shell

—

epo rts

T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e

r a c t ic a l

out

trench warfare.

T he

No. 1 ; No. 2 ... No. 4 ; No. 5 ; No. 8 ; No. 11 Red Cross Congress at Cannes

fre quen tly to be carried

r o u n d e d by all the dangers, disco m fo rts a n d difficulties o f

made

available

schem e.

for

service

H o m e Se rv ice

home

under

A m b ulan ce

c o u n ty

Com m ittee

has

been ap p o in te d to work the s c h e m e for a period o f twelve

—

162 162 162 162 162

month s, and at the e n d o f that p eriod the s c h e m e will co m e up again for consideration.

T h e C o m m i t t e e hope

that e ach c o u n t y director will set up a small co m m ittee to operate and con trol the a m b u la n c e o f his area.

It is

suggested that a c h a rg e o f is. 3d. per mile s h o uld be m ade for the use o f an a m b u la n ce , the c o u n t y directo r or the suggested co u n ty

B r e v it ie s .

co m m it t e e

ha vin g

p o w er to remit the

ch a rg e in cases o f em erge n cy , or w hen the circum stan ces o f the patient m a ke it desirable.

A t the annual meeting of the H o sp ita l Saturday F und,

held

this

month ,

the

report

***

the A m b u l a n c e

A t

a m eeting o f the F a c t o r y F irst-A id A ss o c ia tio n

C o m m itte e led to an a nim a ted discussion upon the de cision

recently held in L o n d o n

of the B o a r d of T r a d e that the a m b u la n c e boxes p rovided

o f the le a d in g m anufacturers o f H o m e Office a n d surgical

for first aid in w orkshop s sh o u ld be eq u ip p e d in a particu

dressings.

lar manner.

there

was a large

a tte n d a n ce

T h e Secretary p lace d b efore the m eeting the report

Several delegates expressed the view that,

besides in vo lvin g unnecessary e xp en diture to the F u n d , the

o f the b acteriologist

Board o f T r a d e ’s suggestions were useless from the s ta n d

sterility the H o m e Office dressings su p p lie d by members.

point o f the practical a m b u la n c e man.

sp ecia lly c o m m is s io n e d to test for

H e co n gra tula ted them on the fact that twenty-three o f

* *

their

A t a recent m eeting o f the M in in g In stitu te o f S c o t

dressings

out

twenty-four

came

land there was read an interesting paper co n tr ib u te d by

tion, and were p r o n o u n c e d sterile.

Lieut.-Col. D a l e L o g a n , M . D . , relative to re search work on

ta k a b ly

rescue apparatus.

standard o f efficiency— and h a d re a ch e d it.

H e wrote that mine re scue work on the

battlefield p resented m any points o f difference to the c o n ditions prevailing in mines at home.

A l th o u g h military

successfully

throu gh the trying ordeal o f a ba cte rio lo gica l that

the m e m bers

had

set

sh o w ed

th e m selve s

e x a m in a u n m is a

high

M o re o ve r, the R e p o r t s erved to in dicate that all the firms represen ted in the the A ss o c ia t io n were sup plyin g

mine systems were less extensive than those in collieries,

dressings o f a superior q ua lity a n d

and the lengths o f roads to be traversed b y the men were

ility for use o f the workers in factories a n d foundries.

o f g u a r a n tee d

ster

— F I R S T

N o t a b le

A m b u la n c e

C o m p i l e d by N. C O R B E T

D a te s .

A I D. — 1910

FLETCHER,

by the Metropolitan Corps but also by the Brigade as a whole at home and abroad." {May 7th). — D e a t h o f E d w a r d V I I . A c c e s s i o n of

Hon. Associate Order o f St. J o h n ; Hon. Surgeon St. John Ambulance Brigade.

G e o r g e V.

{May 10 th) — A ltera tion in co n ditio n s o f C o m p e t i for In ter-R a ilw a y Sh ie ld ( S . J . A .A .) — “ the object is to test the ability o f men to deal w ith cases under conditions o f actuai emergency," a n oteworth y tion

( Continued from page 140.)

1906

1907

1908

1909

(M arch 25th ).— F o rm a l in auguration o f Ce n tral C o m m it t e e o f In d ia n B r a n c h o f S . J . A . A . un der ch a irm a n s h ip o f L o r d K it c h e n e r , chiefly through efforts o f M a jo r (n ow L ie ut. C o l o n e l ) A . C. Y a te s , a p p o in t e d O rga n isin g C o m m is s io n e r for I n d i a by O rd e r o f St. J o h n in 1900. {M arch ).— M e tr o p o lita n C o r p s S . J . A . B . re n am e d “ N o . 1 D is trict.” M o t o r a m b u la n ce s first in tro duced in U n i t e d K i n g d o m b y S . A . A . A . {July 6th ).— S e c o n d In ternatio nal G e n e v a C o n v e n tion — “ f o r succour o f i v o u n d e d D e leg ate s o f 41 E u r o p e a n P o w ers a ss e m b led at G e n e v a and agreed to so m e m odification o f original articles and to their a pp lica tio n to naval warfare. {September 30th) — S . J . A . B . m e m bership — men ! 3 ,5 9 8 ; w om en , 2,148. {M av ).— S e c o n d In terna tio na l P e a c e C o n f e r e n c e at the H a g u e . {June 1 1 th ) — In ternatio nal R e d C r o ss C o n f e r e n c e in L o n d o n . {November ).— V o l u n te e r M e d i c a l Staff C o r p s re named R .A .M .C .(T ). {January ).— D e a t h o f H . L . B ishoffeim ier (aet. 80), w ho for nineteen years paid expenses o f an a m b u la n c e service in L o n d o n . {June ) . — First In terna tio na l C o n g r e s s in First A i d a n d L ife S a v in g a ss e m b led at Frankfort. {October).— S . J . A . A . M a n u a l o f First A i d aga in revised by Dr. C a n tl ie and re m a rka ble for in tr o du c tio n o f “ P rin c ip le s o f First A i d . ” {December).— S . J . A . A . r e c o r d : 747,000 ce rtificate s; 119 ,0 00 m edallio ns in thirty years. {A p r il ).— D e t a ile d m a rk in g sheets in tr o d u ce d for first time in R a ilw a y C o m p e titio n s , an in no vatio n w hich stands to the credit o f the late Dr. L . M. F ra n k Christian, whose influence on co m p etitio ns as a means o f e d u ca tio n still prevails. {August 16 th ) — S c h e m e o f V o l u n ta r y A i d D e t a c h m ents for M e n and W o m e n inaugurated by the W a r O ffice — “ fo r organisation o f voluntary aid fo r

1911

ch ange, credited to Dr. F ra n k Christian, and far reachin g in effect on a m b u la n c e training a n d c o m petition. {May 20th).— F un eral o f K i n g E d w a r d , a n d c o m plete re cogn ition by p olice authorities o f valuable services o f S . J . A . B . {August i j t h ) . — D e a t h o f F l o r e n c e N ig h tin ga le (aet, 90) w ho revolutionised field hospitals a n d intro d u c e d the trained nurse. {November 10th). — D e a t h o f H e n r i D u n a n t (aet. 82) who, h avin g crow n ed his life’s work by bringing ab ou t the G e n e v a C o n v e n t io n o f 1864, disappeared mysteriously in 18 67 a n d was ultim ately rescued from poverty by the In ternatio nal R . C . C o m m it t e e of G en ev a. {February 4 th ).— D e a t h o f W. J. C h u r c h Brasier (aet. 55), to whom, more than to a n y other person, is d u e the success o f the S . J . A . B .

{February).— B . R . C . S . in tr o d u ce d lecture s a n d ce r tificates in First A i d and H o m e - N u r s i n g — “ f o r the sole purpose o f entitling the holders to enrolment in a V .A .D .," all three tex tb o o ks bein g written and co m p lete d (O cto b er , twelve months.

1 9 1 2 ) by Dr. C a n tlie within

{A p r il n t h ) . — D e a t h o f C la ra B a rto n (aet. 91), w ho has been c a lled “ T h e F lo re n c e N ig h tin ga le o f A m e r ic a .” {July).— S . J . A . B . m em bership, m en 1 8 ,7 1 2 ; wom en 4,223.

{December).— G e n e v a R e d C ro ss p ro tected by A c t o f Parliam ent, k n o w n as “ G e n e v a C o n v e n t io n A c t . ” 19 1 2

{Tune 22nd). — R o y a l R e v i e w o f S . J . A . B . at W in dsor G reat Park, w hen 15,000 m e m bers (13,000 men, 2,000 wom en), in cludin g overseas co n tin ge n t (81) from all parts o f the world p arade d before the K i n g and Q uee n , under c o m m a n d o f Sir Jam e s C la rk ( C h i e f C o m m issio n e r). S p e cia l display o f life sav ing from w reck a n d o f mines re scue work.

sick and wounded in the event o f w ar in the Home Territory." T h i s was based on m o d e l o f J ap anese and G e r m a n R . C . S . , a n d is sup ple m e nta ry to the R . A . M . C . ( T . ) — the men to be specially trained by B . R . C . S . , S . J . A . A . , S . J . A . B . and C o u n t y A s s o c ia tions ( T . F . ) in first-aid, m e th o ds o f transport and s a n i t a t i o n ; the w om en in nursing and cooking. {December) — A m b u l a n c e S e rv ice established in the C ity of London. Re-o rg an isatio n o f C e n t r a l C o m m i t t e e o f In d ia n B r a n c h o f S . J . A . A . throu gh interest o f L o r d M in to , V i c e r o y o f In dia, a n d a p p o in tm e n t as H o n . S e c r e tary o f M a ior (now C o l o n e l ) R. J. B la c k h a m , R A . M . C . , to w hose enthusiasm and un tiring efforts d u rin g his period o f office (7 years) is d u e the present flourishing co n d itio n o f a m b u la n c e work in In dia.

{January 1st). — N o . 1 D istrict S . J . A . B . re n am e d “ P r in c e o f W a l e s ’s C o r p s ,” with feathers as dis tinc tive badge, at the express wish o f G eo r ge, P r in c e o f W a le s — " I n appreciation o f the work done not only

M .B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M .R.C.S., Eng.

1905

April, 1919.

{September).— In structio n in F irst-A id b y lime-light

- 1913 1914

lantern lectures first in tr o d u ce d to general p u b lic by Mr. C h a r le s H a n m e r at Barnsley. {October 1st). — C o l l e g e o f A m b u l a n c e fo u n d ed at N ewcastle. A n ote w o rth y date in the history of a m b u la n ce work. {September gth). — S e c o n d International C o n gr es s in First A i d a sse m b led at V ien n a. {January 14th). — First a p p earan ce o f B . R . C . S . Journal “ R ed Cross.” {A u g u stJth). — O u t b r e a k o f E u r o p e a n War. W ithin twenty-four hours 800 m e m bers o f S .J . A . B . R eserves were called up, and within two m o n th s 6,000 had been m obilis ed out o f a total m e m b ership o f 20,615. {September 4th).— C o l l e g e o f A m b u l a n c e fo un ded in L o n d o n b y Dr. J am e s C a n tlie, w ho first proposed

April, 1919

— F I R S T

A I D

—

A G R E A T AID T O F I R S T AID. By

fo r

Uniforms and Equipm ent

C IT Y

ROAD,

STREET, LONDO N,

N .I . ,

and at 8 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M ILLE R S TR E E T, GLASGOW .

T e le g r a m s :

T e le p h o n e :

“ Banuages, Birmingham.

(P.B.

E ast

W IL S O N .

In “ T h e M odern P hysician ,” by D r. Andrew W ilson, fullest space is devoted to “ F irst A i d ” and A m bulance W ork. In respect of completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, “ T h e M odern Physician ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being dull ; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of H e alth laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. T h is work is absolutely complete as regards H e alth and Disease.

P ric e s and S a m p le s on request.

NILE

ANDREW

V a s t m odern factory resources, added to a ce n tu ry 's experience, enables us to su p p ly F ir s t A id and a ll other S e rv ice s w ith u n ifo rm s and e q u ip m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d m ate rials, w o rk m a n sh ip and fin is h — at prices that ch alle n g e co m p arF son w ith a n y other c lo th in g of equal q u a lity .

16,

DR.

20 4 .

E xch a n g e ).

AMBULANCE AND

“ FIRST A ID ” APPLIANCES.

As a knowledge of the body in H ealth is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame w ill be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the body’s m icroscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ m a n n ik in s ” or dummies more especially ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the hum an body. T h e section devoted to H ygiene includes the full exposition of the Laws of H ealth, and special attention is devoted to P hysical C ulture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, hoi ays, temperament, & c., are treated in this section. T h e last volume is especially devoted to the H e a lth of W omen, and D r. W ilson has here been assisted by a num ber of eminent women physicians. M idw ifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fully dealt with. ONE

M ANY

O P IN IO N S

Mr. J . DANIEL, K e n t A v e n u e , A s h f o r d , w r i t e s “ I t s a l l- r o u n d e x c e l l e n c e m a k e s i t a v a l u a b l e a c q u i s i t i o n .

H O M E

O F F IC E

R E Q U IR E M E N T S .

s e c t i o n d e a l i n g w i t h a m b u l a n c e w o r k is { s p e c i a l l y g o o d . w r itte n

ir.

s p le n d id

s t y le

and

The

T h e b o o k is

t h e il l u s t r a t i c n s a r e f ir s t r a t e .

The

m e t h o d o f p a y m e n t p la c e s i t w i t h i n t h e r e a c h o f a l l . ”

SOUTHALL BROS. & BARCLAY (L i m i t e d ),

A FREE TO

TH E

M a n u fa c tu re rs of S u rg ic a l D re ssin g s, & c., Please s e n d C h a r fo r d

M ills ,

B IR M IN G H A M .

BOOKLET.

CAXTON

P U B L IS H IN G

83 ,

S t r e e t,

S u r re y

COM PANY,

L o n d o n ,

L t d ,

W . C . 2.

m e , F r e e o f C h a r g e a n d w it h o u t a n y o b lig a t io n o n m y p a r t : —

Illustrated Booklet

“

T he M o d ern

P h y s ic ia n .

N a m e .................................................................................................................................................................................................

(Send

D rin k in g

F o u n ta in s

S p e cia lity .

th is

Form on

Postcard.)

Address.................................................................................................

i6o

1915

1916

1917

- F I R S T t he idea at a C o n f e r e n c e o f S . J . A . B . Officers in 1899. {October 2 1 s i) .— Join t C o m m i t t e e o f B . R . C . S . and O . S J . , form ed for duration o f present w ar— " t o represent the two Corporatiotis in com munications to be made to the G overnm ent on a l l m atters concerning the r e lie f o f sick a n d wounded , to a d m in isterfu n d s an d to issue reports .” {October).— R e tir e m e n t o f Sir H e r b e r t C . Perrott, C . B ., for 38 years C h i e f Secretary o f A m b u l a n c e D e p a r t m e n t — to w h o se un w e a ry ing labours m ay in great measure b e attributed the present position o f t he S . J . A . A . as the pioneer o f a m b u la n c e work and the universal a d o p tio n o f its system o f instruction. { fa n u a r y 1 s t) .— A m b u l a n c e S e rv ice for L o n d o n at last in aug urated by L . C . C . , the first station bein g estab lish ed at F u lh a m a n d follo w ed later in the year by five other stations. A c t passed in 1909. ( fu ly ) .— V . A . S c h e m e nullified b y failure o f invasion o f H o m e T er rito ry , and m odif ied to sup ple m e nt work in T errito ria l H osp itals. {September 6 t h ) — O p e n in g o f S .J . A . B . B a se C l e a r ing H o sp ita l at E t a p l e s — destro yed by hostile air craft M a y 18th a n d rebuilt A u g u st, 19 18. { A p r il) .— First a p p ea r an ce o f S . f . A . G azette. (fu n e ).— W a r O ffice p lace con trol o f V . A . S c h e m e in h a n d s o f C e n tr al Joint V . A . D . C o m m itte e , w hich co nsis ts o f representatives o f O .S .J ., B . R . C . S . , and T .F .A . {Tuly).— S . J . A . A . in tr o d u ce re-e xaminations in H o m e -N u r s in g , H y g i e n e and Sanitation with “ p en d a n t ” awards co rresp o n d in g to “ l a b e l ” award for First-A id. {September 2 n d ).— S . J . A . A . hold first exam in ation for D e m o n s t r a t o r C e rtificate — “ w hich does not entitle holder to give instruction except under direc tion o f a Surgeon In stru cto r." {A u g u st).— R e vis io n o f all S . J . A . A . M a n u als c o m m e n c e d by a co m m it t e e o f d o cto rs and co m p lete d in 19 18, {Septem ber).— B r ig a d e m e m b ers h ip 4 4,56 3 men, 20,821 wom en, o f w h o m 22,5 69 men (e xcludin g very m any w h o jo in e d the colours direct) were on service, a n d enlisted throu gh the B r i g a d e ; while 14,989 w om en were d o in g d u t y in military and auxiliary hospitals. C

1877

1890

1892 1893

o r r e c tio n s

T h e n a m e o f Co). Sir H e r b e r t C . Perrott was a c c i d e n ta lly o m itte d from the list o f founders o f the St. John A m bulance A ssociation . Elected C h ief S ecretary from the start, he retained office till 19 1 5 , a n d p iloted the A sso cia tion throu gh its most difficult years. First N u r s in g D iv is io n .— C h i ld r e n ’s H o m e (No. 1) — S . J . A . B . fo u n d e d throu gh the efforts o f Dr. A . C . T u n s ta l l {to whose enthusiasm a n d fo re sig h t is due the in itia tio n o f nu rsin g divisions), assisted by M is s B l y e B o u r k e . D e m o n s tratio n given by m e m bers o f this division at B u rlin g to n H a ll on D e c e m ber 23rd. First p u b lic d u ty o f N u rs in g Sisters S . J . A ! B ., on L o r d M a y o r ’s D a y , w h en 9 sisters paraded for duty. St. J o h n ’s G a t e N u r s in g D iv is io n (N o . 2) S . J . A . B , fo u n d e d throu gh efforts o f Mrs. A g n e s C a lvin L in e s assisted by M is s B l y e B o u r k e a n d Dr. T unstall, Mrs. C h u r c h Brasier jo in in g the div isio n a few m o n th s later. T h e first p u b lic d uty in regu lation

AID. —

April, 1919

unif orm (d esign ed by M iss B l y e B o u r k e and Mrs. C a lv in L in e s) was un de rtak en on B a n k H o l id a y (A p ril 3rd) at H a m p s t e a d H e a t h , B l a c k h e a t h and Ch igw ell.

Setters to the Sditor. We

a re in no w ay resp o n sible fo r th e o p in io n s exp ressed , or the sta tem en ts m ad e, by C o rresp o n d en ts. — E d i t o r , E t c .

B R IG A D E M E D A L , E t c . S ir ,— Your “ Brevity ” re issue of a medal for the “ Great W a r ” by the Order of St. John will doubtless be of great interest to many of your readers. It is not made quite clear, however, whether it is suggested that a special decoration should be given to those original members of the Brigade who went overseas in 1914 and 1915, and to those only, or whether they should receive a special decoration whilst other members who went overseas at a later date should also receive a deco ration of a different design. If the former method of award is adhered to many members of the Brigade who, like myself, joined up in 1914, but were not sent overseas until after 1915. I f the latter is adopted then it is an unnecessary distribution, as these members would be already in possession of the 1914 or 1914-15 Star. I consider that each original member of the Brigade who has served overseas deserves a medal if he joined up in 1914 or 1915, whilst those members who served overseas in those years would be distinguished by his 1914 or 1914-15 Star, The older members of the Brigade who have done such yeoman service at home in transporting the sick and wounded also deserve some recognition of their services. I think also another recognition of service might be granted, namely, that those members of the S.J.A.B. who have actively assisted in this crisis of the world’s history might have this period of ser vice counted double towards the Long Service Medal, such as has been done, I understand, as regards the Long Service Territorial Decoration, which is granted after 12 years service as against the 15 years service for the St. John’s Long Service Medal.— Yours faithfully, C a p t . R.A .M .C. (T .F.R .). D e a r S ir ,— In reading your “ Brevities,” which are al ways very interesting, I am pleased you have made mention of decoration to St. John’s men who have done duty. You also state special distinction for overseas ; would it not be better to suggest all men that answered the call in 1914 and 1915, so as to avoid the error that has undoubtedly been made with 1914 and 1915 Service Star. For instance, in my own case my Fleet Surgeon ordered me to stop on the Navy Ambulance T rain although on draft for Belgium. Those that went got the 1914 and 1915 decoration, although they only did the one trip on the hospital ship. So you see it was not my fault that I did not go, and I get punished twice, and this applies to quite a a lot of R.N .S.B. men who were left to do their share on this side, and I can assure you we had just as much to do, if not more. I can assure you there are a great number of St. John men waiting anxiously for a statement.— Yours, &c., S e r g t . W . H i r o m , S.J.A.B

F IR S T A ID T R A IN IN G O F T R O O P S IN IT A L Y . Sir,— I feel sure it will be of interest to the readers of F i r s t A i d to know something of how the St. John ambulance work has been spread during the last year in Italy amongst the British troops by some of its members and asso ciates. W hilst the British troops were in Italy it was decided to teach them some knowledge of ambulance work in case of need, and a Medical School was started with the 23rd Division by Col. Blackharo, C.M .G. I was choosen as the N.C.O. instructor, having been associated with the S.J.A.B. for many years and classes in first aid were started, also classes for

— F I R S T

April, 1919

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— FIRST

162

sanitation and chiropody. Men were sent from each unit for a course of instruction and were taught chiefly from the textbook ; at the end of each course an examination took place and any man wishing to pass for the St. John Certificate, could do so ; over 600 men gained the certificate which is a great credit to them. Thanks to Col. Blackham for his books, and to the Brigade for charts, which were a great help to us in instructing the classes. Apart from those gaining certificates it has been a refresher to lots of old Brigade members.— Yours, &c., C h ar lels

P a r k e r , S e r g t.,

R.A .M .C. Late Ackon H a ll Colliery Brigade, ^th District.

AIR —

April, 1919

(page 120)— (i)jwould there also be signs and symptoms of internal haemorrhage ? and (2) should anything be given to patient by mouth ? (1) Yes— there would certainly be signs of concealed (in ternal) haemorrhage, the degree of which, however, would depend entirely upon the extent of laceration of the kidneys. In a slight case, therefore, the signs might not be sufficiently marked for you to detect them, especially in view of the pre sence of shock due to the accident apart from results of haemorrhage. (2) W ith an injured kidney there is no contra indication to administration of fluid, and treatment should be carried out as laid down on pp. 120 and 104 of Textbook.— N. C. F. C

Queries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

Q u e rie s w i l l be d e a lt w it h u n d e r the f o llo w in g r u le s : — i - — L e t t e rs c o n ta in in g c o rn e r o f

Q u e rie s m u s t be m a rk e d on the top le ft h a n a

the en velope “ Q u e r y "

a n d a d d re sse d —F ir s t

Aid,

4 6 , C a n n o n -s tre e t, L o n d o n , E . C . 2 . — A l l Q u e rie s m u s t be a c c o m p a n ie d by a “ Q u e ry C o u p o n ” c u t f ro m the c u r r e n t is su e of the J o u r n a l , o r i n case of Q u e rie s f ro m a b ro a d f r o m a re c e n t issu e. ?. — T h e

T e x tb o o k , to w h ic h re fe re n c e m a y be m ade i n these c o lu m n s, is th e R e v is e d ( i g i f ) E d i t i o n o f S . J . A . A . M a n u a l o f F i r s t - A i d .

F r a ctu r e

S p in e .

o f

W . R. M. (Rhondda).— In a recent Competition I was asked this question :— “ A man has fallen down. On examination you find that he is conscious but that his arms and legs are paralised with complete loss of sensation. Give your diagnosis and treatment.” I shall welcome your version of the question. Your difficulty is not clear. M y “ version” (by which term I presume that you mean “ translation”) of the question is that the signs presented clearly demonstrate a lesion of the spinal cord, situ a ted between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae and due presumably to effects of a fall, i.e., injury to or pressure on the cord by displaced fragments of fractured cervical vertebrae, or possbly to disease of the cord, e.g., hnemorrhage into cord. For treatment I should follow the instructions of the Textbook (p. 5 1 ) . — N . C o r b e t ' F l e t c h e r . F o r e ig n

B o d y

E a r .

L. A. B. (Torquay).— The Textbook is emphatic about making no attempts to remove foreign body in the ear if the ser vices of a doctor can possibly be obtained. What are the reasons for this advice? The reasons are :— (1) The duties of F irst Aid aim, not at cure, but at prevention of aggravation of injury or condition, and the immediate dangers of foreign body in ear are practi cally nil ; (2) the ear passage is narrowest at its centre so that unskiful attempts at removing a foreign body may actually aggravate the accident by pushing the foreign body beyond this point and quite conceivably necessitate a major operation for its recovery; (3) permanent injury may bv the same means be caused to the delicate drum of the ear with consequent deafness ; and (4) probing the ear may give rise to laceration of the passage with septic infection, which may later spread to the covering of the brain and cause septic meningitis and death.— N. C. F. In ju r ie s

o f

K id n e y s .

A. T. G. (W illesden).— W ith injury to kidneys by fracture of ribs , &c., in addition to signs mentioned in Textbook

o r r o siv e

o iso n in g

D. R. (Edgware) asks (1), if all the corrosive poisons named on p. 153 of Textbook are likely to cause the throat to be come swollen, and ( 2 ) if Acetic Acid comes under the same heading. (1) Yes— all the corrosive poisons named would cause swelling of the throat consequent either (as generally happens) on the passage of some of the acid or alkali down to the larynx or on inflamation set up in surrounding tissues. This, how ever, would be more marked with the more volatile poisons, viz., hydrochloric and nitric acids, and caustic ammonia. ( 2 ) Yes— since strong Acetic Acid is a powerful irritant and caustic poison.— N. C. F. T

r e a t m e n t

o f

o iso n in g

A. T. G. (W illesden).— Does the Textbook mean (1) that in treatment of poisoning we should give an emetic in all cases except when the mouth is burned and stained, and ( 2 ) that the special treatment of certain poisons should be given in place of general treatment, especially Rule 4 (P- 155)(1) Yes— the instructions are most emphatic on this point and cover a ll cases of non-corrosive poisoning. ( 2 ) N o— the General Rules of Treatment apply to all cases, and the special treatment of certain poisons is additional thereto, as the Textbook clearly teaches.— N. C. F. B r i g h t o n a n d H o v e C o r p s . — A t a social evening g iven by m e m b e r s o f the H o v e N u r s in g D iv isio n , Miss M a y hew, L a d y D iv is io n a l Supt., was presen ted with an a ttache case, and M iss F i e l d C o m b e r with a ha n d b ag , as a mark o f a ppreciation o f the w ork d o n e by them for the division during the past three years.

W e have re ce ive d a c o p y o f Part 2 o f A n H isto rica l R o l l o f those W o m e n of the British E m p ir e to w ho m the M ilitary M e d a l has been a w a rded d u rin g the war. It c ontains eight portrait a n d biographies. C o p ie s o f all parts can b e o b tain ed from Messrs. Sir W . C . L e n g & Co., L td ., High-street, Sheffield. P r i c e is. each. A co urse five lectu res on T h e H y g i e n e a n d M o ra l T r a in i n g o f Y o u n g C h i ld r e n will be given by Dr. M a i y Scharlie), C . B . E , on W e d n e s d a y e venin gs at 8 o ’clock, c o m m e r c i n g M a y 7th, at the N o rt h a m p t o n P o ly t e c h n ic Institute, C le rk en w e ll. F e e s for the course 5s. Further particulars can be obtain ed from the L a d y Supt. o f the Institute. T h e war service m edals o f the Join t W a r C o m m itte e o f the R e d C ro ss has been a w a rded to the followin g m e m bers o f the 2 2st W e s t R id i n g D e t a c h m e n t St. J o h n V . A . D . : — L ie u 's . H u n t , M e n n i o n and H a rr o w e ll and the R e v . E. C . Sm ith, Staff Sergt. H . Piercy, Sergis. W. SmithsoD, H . W a t s o n and H . E. C o l e m a n . • Co rpls. T . G ray, C . W a ls o n and E. E W a ts o n , P ie . L , Stroud.

April, 1919.

— F I R S T

AID. —

163

SERIOUS SHORTAGE OF NURSES. A t t e n t i o n h a s b e e n d i r e c t e d b y t h e p u b l i c P r e s s to t h e v e r y s e r i o u s s h o r t a g e of N urses. E v e r y o n e i n te r e s te d in First A i d w o r k s h o u l d q u a l i f y t h e m s e l v e s to b e a b l e to t a k e a n y a n d e v e r y kin d o f a c a s e , a s o u n d , p r a c t i c a l h e l p to H o m e S t u d y a n d a g u i d e at n e e d to h o s p ita l life is “ T H E S C I E N C E A N D A R T O F N U R S IN G ," w r i t t e n w i t h a u t h o r i t y , h e l p f u l l y illustrated, p o p u l a r l y ca lled

T h e

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On Health, Hygiene, Sanitation, Disease, Accidents and Emergencies. W e o ffe r t h is W o r k F R E E fo r a W e e k ’s U s e a t H o m e w it h o u t c h a r g e o r o b lig a t io n to o r d e r a n y t h in g , y o u m a y s t u d y th e se s u b je c t s a t le isu re . A B R ID G E D S Y N O P S IS O F C O N T E N T S : A H IS T O R Y O F N U R S IN G : The Law relating to Nurses and Nursing— Training Schools and Nursing Institutions— Nursing as a Vocation—The Relation of the Nurse to Doctor and Patient_ Hospital Management—The Work of a Hospital Probationer—Nursing in Poor Law Institutions — Army Nursing— Male Nursing. T H E T H E O R Y O F N U R S IN G A N A T O M Y : by D r . R ussel Howard. P H Y S IO L O G Y : by D r. Bosanquet. B A C T E R IO L O G Y : by D r. S la t e r — Elementary Pharmacy— The Elements of Public Hygiene, Air, Water, Soil, and the Physical Condition of the People. T H E P R A C T IC E O F N U R S IN G : Personal Hygiene for the Nurse — Signs and Symptoms of Disease as observed by the Nurse— Practical Details of Nursing— The Nursing of Phthisis—The Nursing of Chest Affections other than Phthisis—Surgical and Accident Nursing— Nursing of Infectious Diseases—The Nursing of Tropical Diseases— District Nursing— The Nursing of Light, X-Rays, Heat and Electricity Cases-The Nursing of Nervous Diseases—Nursing Sick Children— The Nursing of Orthopaedic Cases. G Y N A E C O L O G IC A L N U R S IN G : The Nursing of Heart and other Affections. M E N T A L N U R S IN G :!. Theoretical, by Dr. Percy Hugi-ies— II. Mental Practical Nursing of the Insane— The Care of the Aged— Sick Room Cookery. M A S S A G E : The Nauheim or Scott Treatment. M ID W IF E R Y : The

hage—Interrupted Pregnancy— Ante partum Haemorrhage— Eclampsia — Rupture of the Uterus— 1 ulmonary Embolism Complications of Pregnancy—Drugs and Appliances— Abnormalities of the Infant. M O N T H L Y N U R S IN G : Pregnancy and Preparation for Confinement— Care of the new-born Infant— Glossary— Index

Hundreds o f Nurses Have Written to Praise this Work. M is s M a ry Dodd, Coppull, Lancs.:— ‘I am very pleased with the books.”

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w e

w ill

a rran g e

R a te s, th u s

tr o u b le .

D A L E , R E Y N O L D S & CO., Ltd., A d v e r t is in g

46, C annon

A g e n ts ,

S tr ee t, London, E.C. 4.

O R S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval. — Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

Q U ER Y

F IR S T A ID ” and R E P L IE S CO U PO N .

To be cut out and enclosed with a ll Queries A

p r i l

19 19 .

FIRST AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 298.— V o l . X X V .

A PR IL,

I9 I9’

READERS.

GAZETTE.

DALE.

PRICE THREEPENCE

[ E n te r e d a t S ta ito n e r s ' H a ll.)

future.

N O T IC E

AID

— -

[ 3/8 P e r

A nnum ,

P o st

F r e e

F o r it must be a d m it te d their w orkin g hours were

in m a ny cases lo ng and arduous, and we feel c o n v in c e d that no small part o f the ad d ition a l leisure w hich will n ow be

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

theirs will be d e v o t e d to

m a in te n a n c e o f that high

t he past.

T HERe c o u ld be n o higher tribute to

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (n o t n e c e s s a rily fo r P u b lic a tio n ) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

the

s tan dard o f first aid efficiency that th e y h a v e a c h ie v e d in

Red C ro ss

the

F in a n ce.

m a rvello us efficiency o f the great

task p erfo rm ed th rou gho u t the four and a quarter years o f war by the Join t W a r

C o m m i t t e e o f the O rd e r o f St. J o h n a n d the British R e d C ro ss S o c ie ty than the fact that as d isclo sed by the fourth

D A LE, REYNOLDS & CO., L td .,

a nn ual financial report o f the J oin t F in a n ce C o m m itte e .

46, C annon St r e e t , L ondon , E.C. 4.

T h is report was issued last m on th , a n d the figures w hich

T e le g ra p h ic A d d r e s s : “ T w e n t v - f o u r , L o n d o n ."

it gives are a m azing.

T e lep h o n e N o . S 471 B a n k .

T h e total in c o m e for the four years

to O c t o b e r 20th last was ^ 1 5 , 8 7 7 , 2 0 0 , while the aggreg ate e xp en diture for the sam e period a m o u n t e d to ^ 1 4 , 4 2 2 , 2 0 0 ,

ED ITO RIAL.

the ba lan ce o f funds on O c t o b e r 20th last bein g ^£1,455,000. T h e figures for the financial year e n d e d O c t o b e r 20th are the

I n pre-war days M a y was a m o n th full R a ilw a y

o f interest in railway a m b u la n c e circles

Ambulance

by reason o f the fact that the various

Work.

railway co m p etitio ns were held, termi n atin g with the In ter-R a ilw a y C h a lle n g e

Shie ld C o m p e tit io n o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e Association.

m ost striking.

T h e y sho w receipts o f nearly seven

millio ns a n d a h a lf and

e xp en d itu re

o f o n ly a few

tho usands less. T h e F in a n c e C o m m i t t e e a dm its that h a d the arm istice been d e cla r ed before “ O u r D a y ” app eal in O cto b e r, 19 1 8 , th e y w o u ld h a v e found th e m s elve s in a position o f so m e a nxiety as to the sufficiency o f funds for w in d in g up the org anis atio n.

H o w e v e r , the respon se to the last appeal

It was h o p e d that it m ig ht be p o ssible to re viv e this p o p u

was gen erou s, a n d the C o m m i t t e e is a b le to look forward

lar c o m p etitio n this year, but with so m a ny railwaym en still

to the future with co n fid e n ce.

on a ctive service this was d e e m e d to be im p ra cticable , and

tration was surprisingly low, a n d the C o m m it t e e is a b le to

one must p re su m a b ly wait for M ay, 1920, before witnessing

claim that o f every p o un d a p p lied last year 193. 9d. went

another

to m eet the needs o f the sick,

o f those

eagerly

intere sting

d e m o n stra tion s

first aid.

T h e cost o f h o m e a d m in is

wounded

a n d prisoners

o f war.

A s is well k n o w n the railways o f this co un try were in

These

figures are m ost gratifying, a n d w hen detailed

the van o f the first aid m o v e m e n t and h a v e d o n e m u c h to

statistics

make it w hat it is to-day.

work carried out by the R e d C r o s s is in creased.

T h e railw a y m e n have n ow been

are

e x a m in ed

a dm ira tion

for

the

beneficen t T h e in

granted an eig ht-hours’ w orkin g day, and, kn o w in g their

va lu a ble work e xp a n d e d in its s c o p e sufficiently to m eet all

record with regard to a m b u la n c e work in the past, we feel

dem an ds,

co n vin ced that this augurs well for the m o v e m e n t in the

ava ilable to m eet the ever-in creasin g strain.

and

the sam e

tim e

adequate

funds

were

— F I R S T

166

JJtat Grand Jrio rg of the Grdtr of the Jtospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BULANCE

The St. No. 1 District. C

o m m issio n e r

DEPARTM ENT.

John .Ambulance Brigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

W. H. W IN N Y , O .B.E. J U N E 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 1st.— No. 54 Division, Brentford. „ 8th.— No. 56 „ Cricklewood. „ 15th.— No. 58 „ G.P.O. „ 22nd.— No. 59 „ Carshalton. „ 29th— No. 63 „ W . H. Smith & Son. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. P U B L IC D U T Y . The Commissioner desires to thank members of the No. 1 D istrict who came out for duty on the occasion of the Oversea Troops march through London and other sim ilar duties which have occurred recently, for the ready way in which they offered their services, and (the efficient manner in which cases were dealt with. Public duty is expected on Saturday, May 24th, 1919 (Em pire Day), and the Commissioner will be glad if Officers and Members in Charge of Divisions will ascertain how many members they can supply on that day, together with equipment and fill in the form sent them, and return it to the Com missioner, No. 1 District, St. John’s Gate. E .C .i, as early as possible, but not latter than Wednesday morning, May 21st (first post). It is important that as many stretchers and ground sheets as possible, should be supplied by each detachment, and members should be instructed in the carrying of patients for short distances in ground sheets. R E C O G N IT IO N

S E R V IC E S .

The Commissioner has been asked to nominate a number of members of the No. 1 District, who have done W ar Service insufficient for the grant of the W ar Service Badge, for recog nition by means of a Certificate of Thanks by the Order of St. John. The number of nominations available amount to about one per Division. The Commissioner will therefore be glad to receive names, limited ordinarily to one member for each Division, for such recognition, in order that their claims may be considered. . W A R G R A T U IT Y . The following communication has been received from the W ar Office, through the Chief Commissioner :— May 7th, 1919. Sir, W ith reference to your letter of the 2nd inst, I am direct:.! to inform you that the W ar Gratuity is issuable to those who served as enlisted soldiers and draw Army rates of pay, provided they had more than six months service. No men who were not enlisted soldiers, or who were not receiving Army rates of pay, are entitled to the gratuity. I am, Sir, Your obedient Servants, (Signed) J. G. E a s t o n , Major, for Director-General, Arm y Medical Service. W E A R IN G O F M E D A L S . It should be borne in mind that when Medals are to be worn on duty, instructions will be given. On no other occassion should Medals be worn,

AID. —

May, 1919

R A IL W A Y V O U C H E R S . Members of newer Divisions are reminded that the cost of travelling on Brigade duty when in uniform, may be reduced by the use of Railway Vouchers. Superintendents may obtain a book of these Vouchers on application to Headquarters. O F F IC E R ’S T R A IN IN G C O U R S E . The next meeting in connection with this course will be held on Wednesday, May 21st, at 7 p.m., in the grounds of the Merchant Taylor’s Schools, Charterhouse square, E C .i, by the kind permission of the Headmaster. Officers and candidates for Officer’s rank, are invited to attend this meeting. No other notice will be sent of this meeting. S E R G E A N T ’S A N D C O R P O R A L ’S C L A S S . The next meeting in connection with this class will be held at 7 p.m. sharp, on Wednesday, June 4th, under the direc tion of the D istrict Sergeant, in the grounds of the Merchant Taylor’s Schools, Charterhouse-square, E .C .i, by kind permis sion of the Headmaster. Members of the above ranks and candidates of these ranks are invited to attend these classes. (Signed) W . H. W IN N Y , Commissioner.

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E .C . IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . W e s t L o n d o n (No. 44) D iv is io n .— The following is a brief report of the work of the West London Division during the past year. During the period under review the Division, which is under the command of A /O E. Dalston, recorded 750 air raid attendances and rendered assistance in several districts where bombs had been dropped, on some occasions doing duty two or three nights in succession ; 166 attendances at Ducan M ilitary Hospital, 191 at Acton Hospital, 724 at the First Aid Station and 2,852 at public duties, 1,250 attendances at drill and practices, with an average of 19 per drill. The total number of cases is recorded at 6,971, of which 1 , 3 9 5 received treatment at the First Aid Station, a large num ber of which were conveyed to hospital, and the remainder advised to consult a doctor after receiving treatment. On the occasion of the visit Iof H is Majesty the King to Acton, the Division formed a Guard of Honour under the command of Ambulance Office E . Dalston. H is Majesty, after inspecting the men and inquiring about the First Aid Station and its work, complimented the officer on the good work he had achieved in founding the First Aid Station, and remarking that “ it was creditable work, very creditable indeed.” Five classes in first aid and home nursing were held, three for men and two for women, at the examination held at the end of these classes 100 per cent, were successful on two occasions with 98 per cent, at the remaining three. A ll members of the Division who attended for their annual re-examination were successful in satisfying the examiner, and 10 members qualified for Service Stars awarded for three years efficient service. The First Aid Station, which has been opened to the public every day, has justified its existence by the good work done and number of cases treated. A Nursing Division, to be known as the 4th Acton Nursing Division, has recently been formed and registered, and in con nection with the Ambulance Division rendered great assistance at all hours day and night during the recent outbreak of influenza in Acton. No. 3 District. S t o u r b r i d g e . — The annual meeting of the division was held at Stourbridge on A pril 26th, Lieut.-Col. W . Kirkpatrick presiding. The secretary, Sergt. S. Newall, submitted the

May,

1919

— F I R S T

annual report, which stated that the division had maintained its efficiency but its strength had been reduced owing to re moval of members to other districts. The division working as V.A .D . W orcester 23, in conjunction with the Lye Division, had unloaded the whole of the ambulance trains arriving at Stourbridge Station, making a total of over 11,000 cases being removed during the war period. A ir raid duty had been under taken on four occasions, and many of the members had at tended to assist at the 1st Southern General Hospital. D iv i sional Supt. Bolton made an appeal for funds, and was suc cessful in raising .£212 for the equipment of the division. The division had a total strength of 78, a decrease of 13 since the last report. During the meeting D ivisional Surgeon Jarvie was pre sented with an illuminated address. Dr. Jarvieh as been hon. surgean since April. 1914, he is now retiring from that position owing to ill-health. No. 4 District. W a r r i n g t o n . — A social evening was held by the Nursing Division on May 8th. During the course of the evening the opportunity was taken of presenting Dr. M ary Noble, the divi sion lecturer, with a silver inkstand as a token of the good wishes of the members, on her forthcoming departure to India. The Lady Supt. (M rs. W arhurst) voiced the thanks of all present for the invaluable help which the doctor had given in the past, and assured her that, although she was going far away, she would always be in the thoughts of the members. In responding, Dr. Noble said that she had been proud to help the Division in the past, and testified to the help which she had received at the Whitecross Hospital from both the men and nurses of the St. John Ambulance Brigade. Presents were also made to Mr. I. Roberts (the instructor) for his many years’ help, and to Mrs. Leicester for her kind assistance.

No. s District. H a n l e y . — The members of the M eir Division were entertained to dinner by Mr. J. Barlow, J.P. (hon. treasurer), and Divisional Supt. F. H. Heath. The Mayor of Stoke-onTrent, in proposing the toast of “ The Brigade,” said he wished to congratulate the M eir Division upon its splendid service during the war. Commissioner S. W. M alkin prefaced his remarks in re sponding to the toast by referring to the members of the Order who had died in the service of the country, and, proceeding to thank the Mayor for his observations on the work of the Order, he said the members would be proud to know that his W orship was to become President of one of the Staffordshire Corps. The St. John Ambulance Brigade, as a whole, had performed its duty during the war. The No. 5 District, which he had the honour to command, had some 13,000 members, and he did not think there was a single member among either the men or the nursing sisters who had not been actively engaged in the great struggle. R o t h e r h a m . — The Mayor gave a dinner to the members of the corps on 17th May. In the course of Dr. R iddell’s remarks in response to the toast “ Success to the Brigade,” proposed by the Mayor, he stated that the men were returning and the Brigade was endeavouring to revert to the old condi tions. They were very anxious to obtain some kind of head quarters which would form the centre for all ambulance work in Rotherham, not only for men but for women. That was very important and he hoped they would have the support of the public bodies of the town in raising the funds for that obect. Rotherham had always held a high place for ambulance work. Ambulance work was now being recognised more than ever before. The Government had realised its value and were encouraging the Brigade. It was extremely important that ambulance men should be trained in the various workshops, especially in colleries.

S h e f f i e l d .— O n April 28th, 1919, the last o f a series of

A I D —

167

lectures arranged by Supt. Taylor, took place at the Victoria H all, Sheffield, when Capt. W . Harwood Nutt (R A .M .C.) gave an excellent lecture entitled, “ Body Injuries as revealed by the X -R a y.” Everyone who attended the lecture could not help but be imptessed by the enormous strides that have been made by science and surgery during the last five years. The X -R a y , said the lecturer, was responsible for the saving of many thousands of lives and limbs during the Great W ar. By its use the surgeon was enabled to know before he performed an operation what he would see, and what treatment would be re quired by him, and invariably, with the assistance of Nature, he could make good limbs out of what seemed to be worthless ones. In his concluding remarks, Capt. Nutt referred to the use fulness of such an organisation as the St. John Ambulance Brigade, and he thought that during the process of Reconstruc tion, a sphere could be found for its activites, and advised both officers, nurses and men to think seriously of this, and try to devise some means whereby the organisation’s activities could be put to the best advantage for the assistance of the Nation in these times. There was an echo of the splendid lecture given by Am bu lance Office Hanmer in Sheffield last February when Supt. Taylor announced that the essays which had been sent in, on that lecture, had been submitted to Mr. Hanmer who had awarded the prize, for the best essay, to Pte. F. Rodley, of “ A ” Division. The prize consisted of a First Aid Outfit. No. 6 District. H u l l . — The splendid work done by the corps was indi cated at the annual meeting held on A pril n th , and amongst the interesting statements made was that headquarters had been obtained and will cost ,£5,000. The Rt. Hon. T. R. Ferens, J.P., presided, and amongst those present were Major A. Hammersley, Major Atkinson and Messrs. J. O. and F. H. Vaughan. The 36th annual report of the Association, which was adopted on the motion of the President, stated that 845 students had been instructed during the year, and during 15 month ending December 31st, 1918, 166,521 soldiers and sailors had been given refreshment at the Paragon-street Rest Station, The motor ambulance service had been aug mented during the year by the presentation of two motor ambulances, and the St. John V.A .D . Hospital, one of the largest V.A .D . hospitals in the kingdom, had continued its work efficiently during the year. The recent war, said Mr. Ferens, in the course of an interesting address, had emphasised the great importance of Red Cross work and the St. John Ambulance Association. The H ull centre could take a retrospective view of the past four years with satisfaction and thankfulness. The preparation and training of the pre-war period had proved invaluable.

No. 7 District. P o n e y p o o l . — The members of the Pontypool and District Corps gave a splendid reception and welcome home on May 3rd, at the Ambulance Hall, Pontypool, to a number of re turned members, male and female, who had served with the Colours in practically every theatre of w’ar. The proceedings were presided over by Dr. R. W. Haslett the corps surgeon, who was supported by Mrs. Haslett, Corps Supt. A. J. England, Supt. G. H. Nelms, and Supt. and Lady Supt. R. T. Davies. About 150 persons sat down to a cold spread, which was excellently served by ladies of the Nursing D ivision and the Dancing Committee. Dr. Haslett, in welcoming the guest of the evening, re marked how pleased he and all the other members felt to have them back amongst them once again. He was pleased to see them all looking so well, and he was sure that the corps were proud of the services they had rendered to their country. They had not only served their country well, but some of them had distinguished themselves and brought honour to the corps.

— FIR ST

i6 8

AID

TH E ST.

THE

ST.

JOHN

JOH N

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

May, 1919

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

N e w s.

A P R IL , 1919. T h e C h i e f C o m m is s io n e r has s an ctio n e d the following a pp o intm e nts, prom otions, transfers a n d resignations :—

No. 1 D i s t r i c t (Prince of W ales’s Corp). No. 40 Stratford Nursing D ivision.— Catherine L ivin g stone Fruin to be Nursing Sister, 9.4.19. No. 29 Walthamstow D ivision.— Samuel Crawford Knight to be Ambulance Officer, 22.4.19. George Sidney Pasco to be Ambulance Officer, 22.4.19. No. 39 Temple Nursing D ivision.— Mrs. Lily W alton to be Nursing Officer, 11.4.19, vice Nursing Officer Mrs. Holmes, promoted. L.B. & S C.Ry. (No. 47 W illow W alk Division).— D iv i sional Surgeon J. T. Clarke resigned his appointment, A pril 1919N o . 2 D is t r ic t .

City of Bristol Corps (Temple Meads D ivision).— John Allmond Reynolds to be Divisional Supt., 10.4.19. Bournemouth Nursing Division.— Mrs. Jane Louisa DuffDunbar to be Lady Divisional Supt., 31.3.19, vice Lady D iv i sional Supt. M iss S. Stewart, resigned. Southbourne Nursing Division.— Henry James Ley, M.D., C .H ., M .R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 31.3.19, vice D iv i sional Surgeon Dr. Haylock, resigned, 11.1.19. North East W arwickshire Corps (W hite and Poppe D iv i sion).— Norman John Lancelot Rollaston, M .D., to be D iv i sional Surgeon, 12.4.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. Mary Scott, left the district. Kettering Corps (M idland Railway Division).— Divisional Supt. C. W. Jones resigned his appointment, April, 1919. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Headquarters Nursing D iv i sion).— M iss Nellie M ills to be Nursing Officer in charge, 19.4.19. Dudley and District Corps.— Corps Supt. W . E. Hartland resigned his appointment and is transferred to the Brigade R e serve, May, 1919. N o . 4 D is t r ic t .

Stockport Division.— D ivisional Supt. J. T. Barker re signed his appointment, April, 1919. Ambulance Officer Turner resigned his appointment, April, 1919. Cammell Laird (Birkenhead) Corps.— Edward Gerrard to be Ambulance Officer, 8.4.19. W illiam Banton, Senr., to be Ambulance Officer, 9.4.19. Openshaw (Armstrong Whitworth) Division.— Thomas Thompson Wearmouth to be Divisional Supt., 8.4.19. Todmorden Nursing Division.— Miss Ida M ary Sutcliffe, to be Lady D ivisirnal Supt., 24.3.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt Mrs. Pilling, resigned, February, 1919. Mrs. Betsy Eliza H a l stead to be Nursing Officer, 24.3.19. Mrs. Hannah Mary H a l stead to be N ursing Officer, 25.3.19. D

ist r ic t

No. 6

North B e rle y D ivision.— Henry W . Robinson, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 5.4.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. Dearden, deceased. Spen Valley Corps (Cleckheaton D ivision).— John W illiam

ist r ic t

H u ll Corps (Peel House Nursing Division).— M iss Emily Hirstle to be Nursing Officer, 12.4.19, H u ll Corps (Eastern Nursing Division).— Mrs. Blanche E llis to be Nursing Officer, 12.4.19. Mrs. Kate Butterworth to be Nursing Officer, 13.4.19. M iss Mabel A. G ill to be Nursing Officer, 14 4.19. H ull Corps (Western Nursing D ivision)— M iss Laura Leggott to be Nursing Officer, 12.4.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss K. Sheppard, resigned. St. Peter’s W orks Division.— Edward Frederick Pratt, M.B., B.S., L,R .C .P ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 25.4.19, vice Divisional Surgeon J. Bower, resigned, 22.12.18. North Shields Nursing D ivision.— Nursing Officers E. J. Davidson and M ary Sopwith resigned their appointments, A pril, 1919. Osborne (Newcastle) Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Reah resigned her appointment, April, 1919. Friends (Newcastle) Nursing Division,— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Embleton resigned her appointment, April, 1919. No. 8

N o . 3 D is t r ic t .

N o. 5

Swales to be D ivisional Supt., 15.4.19, vice D ivisional Supt. D. P. B. Davies, resigned. Hanley and District Corps (M eir Division).— James D ar lington Weaver to be Divisional Supt., 17.4.19, vice Divisional Supt. Fred H. Heath placed on reserve list of officers, 8.4.19. Keighley Corps (Oxenhope Nursing D ivision).— William J. McCracken, M .B., B.Ch., to be Divisional Surgeon, 7.4.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. Thomson, deceased, 12.11.18. Keighley Corps (Skipton D ivision).— W illiam Reynolds to be Divisional Supt., 19.4.19.

ist r ic t

Sandgate Division.— Divisional Supt. A. Gregg resigned his appointment, April, 1919. No. 9 D i s t r i c t . Torquay Y.W .C.A . Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Marnham resigned her appointment, April, 1919. Parkstope Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Herbert Scott has been granted six months’ leave of absence, owing to ill-health, 2.5.19. No. 12

ist r ic t

Public Service Corps (Dublin University Nursing D ivi sion).— Mrs. Averill Dewerill, B.L., to be Nursing Officer, 4.4.19. The following D ivisions have been struck off the Roll of the Brigade by order of the Chief Commissioner, A pril 15th, 1919 : Barrington Division. Bedlington Colliery Division. Broomhill Division. Newbiggan Division. North Seaton Division. N

N o. 3

ist r ic t

iv isio n s

Leicester Corps. — The Granby Nursing Division, 12.4.19. . . . Wellingborough Corps.— The Victoria Nursing Division, 12.4.19.

May, 1919,

— FIR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

No. 5 D is t r ic t . Cresswell Division.— Joined to and form part of the North Staffordshire Railway Corps, 18.3,19. Huddersfield Corps.— Slaithwaite Nursing Division, 24.4.19. In charge, Corps Supt. G. Haigh, 14, Victoria-street, Holdgreen, HuddersfieldNo. 8

ist r ic t

(W inchelsea and Rye Section.) Hastings Nursing D iv i sion (Hastings Corps).— Approved 22.4.19. In charge, M iss Ethel Deane, The Yew Tree, Winchelsea.

JOHN

AM BULANCE M

GAZETTE. —

e n t io n e d

No. 3 D is t r ic t . Erdington Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon W . J. Clarke, April, 1919. R o ll of H ono ur. Avard, Sergt. F. F., Tunbridge W ells, 6th Royal West Kent. Bloom, Pte. T. E ., South Shields Police, West Yorks Regt. Collett, Pte. H., Gomersal, Royal Navy. Dodd, Pte. G. B., Nottingham, Great Northern, Royal E n g i neers. Dyson, Pte. L., Gomersal, 1/4 Royal Scots. Elliott, Pte. L. T., Torquay, R.A.M .C. Eve, Pte. S., Torquay, Northants Regt. Fair, Pte. F. J., City of London, C ivil Service Rifles. Harsant, Pte. F., Torquay, 10th Worcesters. Hatch, Pte. J., Ashburton, 4th Devons, Lawrence, 2nd Lieut. J. H., Bodmin, Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry. McDougall, Pte. A. J., Rochdale, M .H .H .R . Odgers, Lance-Corpl. J. E., Pool Cam Brea, 1/20 City of Lon don Infantry. Parnell, Pte. W ., Torquay, 1st Devons. Pickles, Pte. A. E., Batley, R.N .A .S.B .R . Polkinghorne, Pte. E., Pool Cam Brea, South African M edical Corps. Ree, Pte. T. E . B., Dunston, M .H .H .R . Renton, Lieut. S. J., Newton Abbot, 8th Devons. Richards, Pte. R. W. C., Pool Carn Brea, South African M edi cal Corps. Singleton, Pte., W. H., Newton Abbot, Somerset L .I. Stoneman, Pte. E., Newton Abbot, M .G.C. Trestrail, Pte. A., Dolcoath, Duke of Cornwall’s Light In fantry. Watson, Sergt. W . B., Torquay, R .A .M .C.

espa tch es

Addison, Lora, Durham 100. Benton, Elsie, Surrey 118. Braithwaite, Elizabeth, W est Yorks. 4. Buckley, Doris, West Yorks. 60. Duprey, Anna L., Middlesex 60. Glyne, Constance, W est Yorks. 2. Holmes, Anna F., Galway 4. Myers, Elsie, M., West Yorks. 11. Ogier, Dora C., Guernsey 2. Revis, Kathleen, West Yorks. 62. Smith, Emma, W est Yorks. 10. D

D eaths.

169

eath s

Ainsworth, Mrs., West Lancs. 52. Chapman, Mrs. A., W est Yorks. Reserve. Smith, Mrs. E., West Lancs. 52. Somerville, Mrs, R., West Lancs. 70.

T h e G r a n d P r i o r y of th e

O rd e r o f th e

H o s p it a l o f S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery o f the Order , St. fohn's Gate, Clerkenw elf London , E . C ., A p r il 20th, 19 19 .

The K ing has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n ig h ts o f Grace:

Francis Edward Adams. S ir Charles Augustin Hanson, Bt,, M .P. Colonel W illiam Henry W illcox, C.B., C.M .G., M.B. A s Ladies o f G ra ce:

M illicent Em ily, Mrs. W . Salting. Martha, Mrs. Harvey Reeves, A .R .R .C . (from Honorary Serv ing Sister). A s E squ ires:

Captain Arthur Tahu Gravenor Rhodes. Colonel W illiam Clow (from Honorary Serving Brother). A s H onorary S e rv in g B rothers :

M il i t a r y D e c o r a t io n s a n d A w a r d s . Pickering, Pte. G., Bradford City, Merititorious Service Medal. Roe, Corpl. J., Haworth, M ilitary Medal.

Arthur Payne. Constantine Thirkell, M .B.E. A s Honorary Serving S isters:

D iana Lily, Mrs. James, M .B.E. Margaret Ann, Mrs. Strover, R .R .C .

St. J o h n

V o lu n t a r y

A id

D e ta c h m e n ts.

A p p o in t m e n t s , P ro m o tio n s a n d R e s ig n a t io n s . Major R. E. Gibson to be Commandant of Guernsey 1, vice Dr. Marcus Bulteel, resigned. Mr. W. P. Wheelwright to be Commandant of Leicester 15. A w ards. Royal Red'Cross (2nd Class). Anagnastoppuls, Irene, W . Lancs. 70. Bate, Marjorie P., F lin t 12. Broadhead, Grace, London 232. Lee, H ild a M., West Yorks. 4. Pearce, Florence J., Kent 70. Storey, Eleanor A., Westmoreland 4. Woolf, Annie G., London 114. Wynee, Frances, Denbigh 10.

F o r Enrolm ent as Honorary A ssociates:

M ajor General Sir Samuel Hickson, K .B .E ., C.B. Ethel Harriette Mary, Mrs. Buckle. E van Roberts, Junr. Surgeon Commander Arthur Reginald Schofield, M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P ., R.N .

M.B.,

A s D o n a t : (Bronze Badge).

Abraham Hamburger.

M r . C h u r c h i l l says that the services r e n d er ed by m e m bers o f the V o l u n t a r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t s h a v e n ot b e en o v e r l o o k e d in the co n sid e ra tio n o f the grant o f m edals for war services.

— FIR ST

170

L is t

S u c c e ssfu l

A ID

THE

C a n d id a t e s

ST.

JOH N

th e

B lu e S t r ip e E x a m in a t io n . County o f London. — Misses Ida Elizabeth Finch, Gertrude H ilda May, Marian Margaret Harrison, A. Margaret Lamont, M urial F. Western, U na Violet McCoy, Katherine M. Hicks, Florence Gertrude Larksworthy, Olga Livingstone, Marie J. Stephens, Margaret J. C. M cLaughlin ; Mrs. Catherine Edith Peach, Dorothy Grace Allen, Christabel Hulbert Sewell. H am pshire .— Misses E. J. Weatherby, M. H. Gregg, M. Spens, E. W ild, S. F. Cullen, I. E . C. Finder, M. H all, C. Papillon ; Mrs. G. F. W arner, Graham Hutchinson. Isle o f W ight .— Misses Amy Dambril, C. W. Stacey, C. Somerville, A. Rand, G. Dashwood. M iddlesex .— Nurse M inna Sweet, H. G. Haines, J. East, E. Holland, M. Hargreaves, F. E. Hutchinson, M. Barrett, J. Stronge, M. M ills, K. James, M. Maunsell. E s se x .— Misses O. W alker, R. W alker, A. Trounce, E. Trounce, H. C. Cleverly, Russell, Allott, Ashbridge, Laura Cutchey, Janet Tozer, Ellen Read, Sylvia Bradshaw, Jessie Bray, Joan Sheppard, Effie W ells, Freda Meeson, Evelyn Boake, Dora Cawdron, Jessie Cramphorn, Freda Wattson, H ilda Wattson, Kathleen Reay, Innis Lempriere Daisy Dow sed, Anne W ilkes, H. Bastard, Adams, E. Copeman, Nellie Lister, J. Cutchey, A. Hulls, E. Gilham ; Mrs. Matcham, Chapman, M. Ingram , R. Christy. B erkshire .— Misses M arjory Cave, Gladys Challenor, Mercy R. Challenor, Phyllis Etty, Margaret Goodenough, May Harington, M ildred Hearn, Christine Kennard, Mary Marchant, Ursula M ascie-Taylor, Olive Pretty, Elizabeth Salmon ; Mrs. Anna Phipps Hornby, Effie Theobalds ; Lady E va Foley Berkeley.

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r A p r il

AM BULANCE

May, 1919.

not included on the list of trainings given, in view of the fact that the committee feel that there w ill be a lim ited num ber of openings for this work. So many people have recently taken the training, and also it is expected that a num ber of blinded soldiers w ill be able to manage the work, and it has therefore been decided not to encourage members to take the short courses of train in g ; but those who have a definite post in view on com pletion of training, or those who are prepared to take an eighteen months to two years course, are receiving consideration under the scheme. Before either final rejection or acceptation, each case w ill be considered by experts in the particular subject for which the application has been made. M

ilita r y

an d

ava l

e pa r tm e n t

T h e M ilitary hospitals are being rapidly dom obilised and there are, therefore, few vacancies for our members now. Some requisitions are still being received from Naval hospitals and W .R .A .F . Sick Bays. T h e num ber of mem bers posted during the month num bered 172, some of these being for outstanding requisitions from the previous month. One hundred and thirty-six requisitions were received, a num ber of these were, however, fulfilled by the M atron-in Chief, Q .A .I.N .S . T h e question of a gratuity for V .A .D . nursing mem bers has now been definitely settled, they will receive ^ 1 0 for the first year and 10s. for each subsequent month’s service. W

elfa r e

e pa r tm e n t

A n unusually large num ber of our members have re ceived hospital treatment during A p ril 1— 33 at Vincentsquare hospital ; 33 at M illb an k hospital ; 19 at the Prince of W ales’ ho spital; 26 at our own hospital at Nottinghamplace ; 2 at Islington Fever h o sp ita l; 1 at K in g ’s College O ur Convalescent H om e at Hartsleap, which appears to be more and more appreciated by our tired and sick members, has received 39 members. G

headquarters of the B ritish R ed Cross Society a n d the O rder of St. Joh n have now been established at 52, Grosvenor-gardens, S.VV. 1, the move taking place just be fore Easter. T h e new office, though, of course, very much sm aller than Devonshire House, is a nice one and very conveniently situated just opposite V icto ria Station, with an excellent bus service passing the door. It has recently been used as the headquarters of the A m erican R ed Cross. T h e V .A .D . S c h o l a r s h i p S c h e m e is now in full swing, and a large num ber of V .A D. mem bers are availing themselves of the opportunity of obtaining training in the various branches of work included under the scheme. A careful consideration of the applications received has revealed, in the majority of cases, candidates who are in every way suited to receive the help— both financially and with advice— which the committee are so desirous of giving. A great num ber of candidates are anx ious to continue their hospital work and are entering for their general training. M any hospitals have consented, in the case of V .A . D. members having given two years ser vice in a m ilitary hospital, to allow o le year off the ordinary four years training, thus reducing it to three years alto gether. A few hospitals have also made this concession to those having given the same period of service in auxiliary hospitals. T n e re have been a large num ber of applica tions for X-ray work and also for social and welfare work, many members applied originally for massage, but this is

GAZETTE. —

e n e r a l

e r v ic e

e c t io n

T h e Departm ent has been busy throughout the month dealing with members returning on demobilisation and with re-posting them, in some cases, to H om e hospitals. In all, the cases of some 145 overseas members have been dealt with here. Sanction was received during the month for the posting of G eneral Service members to work with the Arm y o f O ccupation, and one requisition for head dispensers, dispensers, head-clerks and clerks, has already been sent in and is in process of fulfilment.

o v en a n t

th e

e ag u e

a t io n s

.— A

r t ic l e

X X V . — “ T h e members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishm ent and co-operation of duly authorised voluntary national R e d Cross organisations having as purposes the im provem ent of health, the preven tion of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the w orld.” M r. Charles Parker, of the A ckton H a ll C olliery D iv i sion, has been awarded the D .C .M . for gallantry in the F ie ld on October 27th and 29th, 1918. A lso gained the M ilitary M edal in June, 1917, and m entioned in Despatches February, 1918. M r. Parker is well known in Com petition work in the No. 5 D istirct. H e has been four years on active service and been wounded twice.

May,

— FIRST

1 919.

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s f r o m

th e T e x tb o o k .*

AI D. —

17 1

instructions your own property, and are th e re b y e n a b le d to set them out, as re quired, in your own w ords a n d

phrases. C o m p il e d by N. C O R B E T

FLETCHER,

M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M .R.C.S., Eng Hon. A ssociate Order o f St. J o h n ; Hon. Surgeon St. J oh n Am bulance B rig ade; A u th o r o f “ A id s to F ir s t A id ," <Sr*c., IFc. h e c h o ic e o f an in teresting and instructive s ubject for my lecture was not easy. R e alising, however, that teachers a n d students should c o m b in e and present their special points o f view, I co n su lte d one of your num ber, as my custom is, a n d took him into m y confidence. In response to m y suggestion he was em p h atic in his o p in io n that an explanation o f som e o f the difficulties met with in the R e vised T e x t b o o k o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e A sso cia tion and o f the mistakes c o m m o n ly m ade by F irst-A iders w ou ld be most a c c e p t a b le a n d profitable to you. A ft e r d u e c o n sideration I co n curred in this view, more esp ecially because in these strenuous days a larger share than usual o f the task of instructing the juniors must and will fall more and more o n the senioi members, esp ecially the A m b u l a n c e Officers of Divisions, who in their turn must not only de vo te time to learn so that they m ay teach but also aim at a higher stan d ard o f k n o w le d g e in order that th e y m ay instruct more efficiently. In view o f this fact, therefore, an in tim ate a c q u a in t ance with the T e x t b o o k is o f param o u nt im portance , alth ou gh som e o f us ha ve met m em bers a n d even officers to w ho m the T e x t b o o k is alm ost un kn own . Further, that there m ay be no m isunderstanding, I desire at the outset to point out that the title o f m y s ubject does not in dicate any desire on m y part to quarrel with or p ick holes in the T e x t book, but is in te n d ed to impress on y o u — one and all— the urgent necessity o f studying it frequently a n d carefully, and o f brin gin g to bear on it a spirit o f enquiry, or, i f y o u pre fer, a “ W h y a n d -W h e re fo r e attitude,” be cau se to you and your pupils there must be m a ny difficulties w hich are not a pparent to us, your lecturers a n d instructors. T h e first difficulty met with, then, is a d e p lo rab le la ck o f a p p re cia tion o f the T e x t b o o k , which, in m y opinion, is far aw ay the best o f an in n u m erab le n u m b e r written on First A id . U n l ik e m ost of its competitors, it is co ncise, practical and usually correct, th o u g h to me its pre-em inence is d u e to the fact that it lays d o w n G en er al R u le s w hich must be m o d i fied in a c c o r d a n c e with certain definite Principles, and which serve to cover the vast range o f p o ssible em ergencies. In spite o f this, how ever, how often d o we m eet students w ho confess that they skip p e d over C h a p t e r I. because, as they say, “ it contain s so m uch un n ecessary talk ” — whereas they sh o u ld ha ve re-read a n d app lied this C h a p t e r with each a n d every C h a p t e r that follows. A ga in , even w hen we d o appreciate the valuable qualities o f the T e x t b o o k , how often d o w e — lecturers a n d students a lik e — fail to realise that k n o w le d g e is e l u s i v e ; a n d that, to retain our grip on the standard o f k n o w le d g e set out in the T e x t b o o k , we must read a n d re-read it again a n d again. In so doing, however, you must studiously avo id the t em p tatio n o f learn ing off the b o o k p age b y page, paragraph by paragraph, word by word, lest you be c o n v ic t e d o f n eg le ctin g First Principles, esp ecially resourcefulness a n d discrimination. In short, y o u must study thfe T e x t b o o k in such a w ay that_ scornin g parrot-like repetitions— you m a k e all its facts and

* Lecture delivered to members of S.E. & C. Railway Ambulance Centre at Cannon Street Hotel, February 4th, 1919.

In dealing with the c o m m o n difficulties e x p er ien ce d a n d errors m a d e by First A iders, I thin k that I ca n best a c h ie v e m y o bjects by w orkin g throu gh the T e x t b o o k p ag e by p ag e a n d giv in g the n u m b e r o f the p a g e for reference. C

h a pter

u t lin e

ir st

Page 1 7 . — It is aston ish ing how few o f you realise that the main o b je c t o f First A i d is prevention o f aggravation o f in ju ry or co n d itio n until the d o cto r com es, w hich phrase sum s up co n cise ly the o p en in g pages o f the book. No other treatm ent is necessary or desirable. Pa g es 18 a n d 1 9 .— It is worth n oting that, a lth o u gh the T e x t b o o k em phasises the difference betw een “ signs ” a n d “ s y m p t o m s ,” yet in practice d o cto rs c o m m o n l y use the terms as ide ntica l a n d sy n o n y m o us. I k n o w it is wrong, but custo m is a hard task -m aster; a n d k n o w le d g e o f this fact m a y save you m a ny mark s in the e x a m in atio n room. Page 20.— W ith regard to the “ S u r ro u n d in gs ,” a so u n d practical point, often ove rlo o ke d, is laid d o w n — viz., an am bulance m an has no rig h t to expose h im s e lf unduly to d a n ger, since his duties, tho ugh primarily d ir ected to patient a n d bystanders, in vo lve n everth eless re sponsibilities to wards himself, and an inju red a m b u la n c e man will be of little or no a ssistance in an e m er ge n cy .

Above we reproduce a Certificate which has been pre sented to the members of the Walthamstow Division for A ir R aid Duties.

17*

— F I & S T

Page 2 1 . — O n this p age we ha ve three very, very c o m m o n faults n aile d to the counter. F irst, in spite o f the in structions laid d o w n in the T e x t b o o k , how often does it h a p pen that the last person w ho m the a m b u la n c e man wants to see c o m in g ro und the corner is the d o cto r ! O n two o cca sio n s recently I ha ve had m y offers o f assistance in an e m e r g e n cy re fused ! Secondly, F irst-A iders are often too q u ic k in exam in ation in “ sen din g for the d o c t o r ” ; a n d the a d v i c e n ow giv en to “ exercise discretion ” as to w heth e r you send for or take patient to the do cto r is good, e specia lly in these strenuous times w hen doctors are sca rce a n d very busy. T h e latter step is ce rtainly advisa ble with children a n d m inor injuries. B y the way, the person who a ctu ally s u m m o n s the do cto r is in law liable for the fee. I f y ou, therefore, wish to a vo id this extra responsibility (which, how ever, is rarely enforced), you s h o uld either ( i ) s e e k first the c o n se n t o f the patient or (2), better still, delegate the d ecisio n as to the n ecessity for m e dical ad vice to a police officer, w h o is a utho -ised to exercise his discretion, and m ay in cur s uch liability at the expense o f public funds. Thirdly , a w arnin g is issued against slave-like a d h e ren ce to t he special treatm ent set forth in the book, where such sh o u ld be m odified under peculiar circumstances. Page 22.— T h e fault o f parrot-like repetition, in m y exp erien ce , applies more to the Q ualification s o f F irst-Aiders a n d the Principles o f F irs t-A id than to a n y other part o f the book. H o w often does a ca n d id a te say “ I should be re so urce ful,” and fail to give p ro o f that h e kn o w s the m e a n ing o f the word, m uch less its practical app lication ! A ga in , h a vin g set up a fracture a n d b ein g ask ed if there is a n y thin g else to be done, can d id ates too frequently and a u t o m atically re p ly — “ Y e s , treat S h o c k ” — but o nce n eglect to de m o n stra te that th e y k n o w w hat is m eant thereb y or how it s h o uld be d o n e under varyin g circum stances. A g a in , w hen a sk ed what you w ou ld do un de r given circumstances, so m e o f y o u tho ughtlessly re p ly — “ O h ! r e m o ve the c a u s e ” — an answer actu ally giv en by a ca n d id a te w hen to ld that a m an was drow n ing in the T h a m e s . D id he p ro p o se to drain the river ? Page 23 — T h e Principles o f F irst-A id are often m i s un derstood. T h u s , s o m e o f you b elieve that haemorrhage must in varia bly be co n tro lled before any other treatm ent is c o m m e n c e d . A s a fact, the T e x t b o o k reads “ Severe haemorrhage must re ceive the first attention ” — i.e., rapid a n d profuse b lee d in g w hich carries with it im m ediate and re m o te dangers to life. A g a in , for “ Artificial R e s p ir a tio n ” m ost o f y o u forget to insist that the purity o f the air is as im portan t as the position o f the patient and the a b se n ce o f obstruction to air passages. A g a in , the instructions as to “ R e s t ” are all too frequen tly ignored, and the position o f the patie nt is tho ughtlessly altered to suit the a m b u la n c e m a n ’s c o n v e n i e n c e — in spite o f an e m p h a tic warning first given on p. 18 and again rep eated here. T h u s , ask ed in e xam in atio n to treat a fracture or a burst varicose vein, so m e o f y o u begin by making the p atient stand up !! Y o u forget that in e ach case the patient is suffering from Sho ck , t he co n se q u e n ce s o f w h ich may lead to aggravation o f the original co n d itio n s — be this a fracture d skull from a fall or in creased loss o f b lo o d from the varicose vein as a sequel to the erect posture. I n practice, how ever, your first t h o u g h t at all times sh o u ld be to s elect the po sitio n — often assumed by the patient naturally — in w hich the c o m fort o f the patie nt a n d the part is most easily s e c u r e d ; and yo ur seco n d th o u g h t sh o u ld be directed to the availability o f d o c t o r and the possibilities o f transport where this is nece ssary, A ga in , with reference to “ R e m o v a l o f C l o t h in g,” the T e x t b o o k assum es that y o u will e n d e av o u r to r e m o v e the clo thes by o rdin ary m e th o d s before resorting to

AID. —

May, 1919.

scissors a n d slitting the seams o f coat, vest, trousers, & c . O th erw ise you may be ca lled “ T a i l o r s ’ T o u t s ” ! Page 2 5.— It is perhaps worth yo ur n o tic e that the six substitutes suggested in p lace o f the all-too-popular a lcoh o l in clude direct (e.g., tea, coffee, sal volatile) as well as in direct m e th o ds o f stimulation w h ich affect the brain through certain special o rgan s— e.g., stomach (hot drinks) ; nose (sm ellin g s a l t s ) ; skin (sprin kling f a c e ) ; blood vessels (friction), & c. It is also w orthy o f remark that P russic A c i d pois on ing is the only co n d itio n for w h ic h the admin is tration o f a lcoh o l is re c o m m e n d e d in the book. L astly, i f you ask m e why the do se o f sal volatile is given here as h a l f a teaspoon ful and on p, 143 as o n e teaspoonful, then I shall refer you to the C o m m i t t e e o f R e v is io n a n d tell you (1 ) that the official dose is a b o u t h a lf a teaspoonful for repeated and from o n e to one-a nd a-half teaspoonsfu l for single administrations ; (2) that in m ost em erge ncie s the smaller dose is sufficient and can in any case be repeated where n e c e s s a r y ; a n d (3) that it sh o u ld be diluted and

administered in sips. ( To be continued.)

Jcactical Joints. T h e E d i t o r in v it e s N o te s on a c t u a l C a ses —w it h s p e c ia l re fe re n ce to g o o d a n d b a d b o in ts i n T r e a t m e n t — fo r in c lu s io n i n t h is C o lu m n .

ffic ie n cy

ir st

-A

A fellow workman got his hand caught in a printing machine with the result that the extremities of his index, middle and ring fingers were completely amputated. Without delay I dressed the wounds, treated for shock and removed the patient by taxi to his doctor. At the last moment I re membered the finger tips which I recovered from the machine and slipped into my pocket. Later 1 had reason to con gratulate myself on this after-thought, because the doctor, after inspecting the fingers, immediately asked for the amputated portions, which he stitched back in position, each in its proper place. The wounds healed quickly and perfectly, leaving the hand intact though with finger tips somewhat squat and stumpy by contrast with the other hand.— B. A., Cambridge.

orst

W hile skating last winter on a frozen pond in London, a man fell and sustained severe concussion of the brain with an incised scalp wound. He staggered to his feet and reached the edge of the pound where he again fell and lay in a semi conscious state for a few minutes. Two policemen then came up and decided to remove him to hospital situated 600 yards away To this end, raising the patient from the ground, they supported him between them and moved off, the patient reel ing along like a drunken man with bright red blood escaping from the wound. At this point a lady interfered and stopped a motor van, the driver of which gladly agreed to take the pat'ent to hospital. She then approached the policeman who, not only refused the offer of rapid transport but also told the lady to mind her own business. They then proceeded leisurely on their way to hospital where the patient was immediately ad mitted as an inpatient and for a week hovered between life and death as the result of untreated concussion and uncon trolled arterial haemorrhage. Needless to add, instruction in First-A id is not encouraged in this district by the police authorities.— M. H., Bedford Park. W h en p le a s e

c o r r e s p o n d in g

m e n tio n

w ith

“ F ir s t A id .”

A d v e r tis e r s

May, 1919.

— F I R S T

CO NTENTS

T H IS

AID. — A n y o b je ctio n to the p ro p o s e d O r d e r

NUM BER.

the S e cre tar y

o f Sta te

the

Railway Ambulance W ork Red Cross Finance

165 165

n otice.

Official Brigade News ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England List of Successful Candidates in the Blue Stripe Examination V.A .D . Summary of W ork for April Practical Points from the Textbook ...

168 169

number by

made

must

the

da te o f this

writing

and

must

o f the

b e h a lf

o ccup ie rs

and

stated , or, if the

o b je c t io n

b e h a l f o f its

associatio n

o c c u p ie r s

170 170 171

m em bers, the n u m b e r o f m e m b er s a ffected by the O rder.

172 172

o rgain is ed, we shall again p ublish the m a rk in g sheets o f

*** that

am bulance

co m p etitio n s are again b ein g

these tests, for we realise that they are m ost necessary from the

tuition

poin t o f view,

a n d are

interesting

a lik e to

ju d g e s a n d first aiders,

***

L ett e r s to t h e E d it o r —

Brigade Medal, &c. Notable Ambulance Dates Death of an Old St. John Ambulance Veteran Q u e r ie s a n d A n sw e r s to

j o i n t ly

occupie rs, the n am es

their a ddresses made

173 174

Brigade Overseas ...

objection* is

Now

...

P r a c tic a l P o in t s—

Efficiency in First Aid ... W orst Aid

m ust

(a) the re quirem ents in the draft O r d e r o b je c te d to ; (b) the sp ecific gro un ds o f o b je ctio n ; and

166 167

T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e —

o b je c t io n

state —

D istr ict R e po r ts—

No. 1 ; No. 3 ... No. 4 ; No. 5 ; No. 6 ; No. 7

The

must be sent to

H o m e Office, W h ite h a l l 1

L o n d o n , S .W . 1, w ith ing 21 da y s after

E d it o r ia l —

B revities

1 73

175 175 175

Correspondents—

T h e D iv isio n a l Supt. o f the S t o u r b r id g e D iv is io n

W a r Services ” o f the D iv isio n . size,

‘Detailed M arking Sheets A New Training School for G irls

176 176

R e vie w s—

The Order of St. John of Jerusalem— Past and Present Official Handbook— W ar W ork in Middlesex Railway Ambulance Death of Surgeon-Major Hutton

and

V . A . D . , S . J . A . B ., has sent us a c o p y o f the “ R e c o r d o f we c a n n o t

re p ro d u ce

W e regret, o w in g to its

this.

T here

m ay

other

divisions w ho are lo o k in g out for s o m e idea o f a p er m a n e n t re co rd o f similar war services, so we will d e sc rib e it.

It is

sheet 39^-in. by 2 2 f in. and h e a d e d b y the d e v ic e o f the

177 177 178 178

S . J . A . B . , with list o f officers, a n d in the right and left hand co rners are the p h o tog ra p h s o f the H o n . S u r g e o n a n d the D iv is io n a l Supt. : in the ce n tre is the p h o to o f the D i v i sion, a n d at the foot the 1st and 2nd officers a n d those who ha ve fallen in the war.

W o r k e d a ro u n d these p h o tog ra p h s

is a c o m p le t e record o f ser vices o f the division.

B r e v it ie s .

V T he

C e r tifica tes

similar

that

re p ro d u ce d

p age

1 7 1 can be su p p lie d to a ny other a m b u la n c e division on application

the

p ublishers

this

Journal.

actual size is 1 9 ! in. b y 12^ in., and is prin ted and black.

Its

in sepia

H a lifa x D a ily

Guardian, in its editorial

M a y 1 2th on the work o f the S . J . A . B . , m akes the follo w ing co m m e n ts.

T h o u g h they did n ot face de ath on the battle

fronts the men o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r ig a d e in the various towns t h r o u g h o u t the length and b rea dth o f this co un try were, during the war, very m u c h on a ctiv e service. T h e y did well for their c o u n try a n d their stricken c o u n t ry

* * *

men, a n d th e y d e se rv e well o f both.

T h e H o m e Secretary gives n otice that, in p ursuan ce

the

occasion,

T h e y rose n o b l y to

and th e y rose early a n d late.

N o matter

o f the powers co n fe rred on him by S e ctio n 7 o f the Po lice,

w hat the hour at w h ich a c o n v o y o f the stricken arrived

Factories, & c .,

from the battlefields the St. J o h n ’s men were on the spot,

(M is ce lla n eo u s

Provisions) A ct,

19 1 6 , o f

making O rde rs for secu rin g the welfare o f the workers e m

ch e er y and willing.

p loyed in factories or workshops, he proposes to m a ke an

t h e m — not a duty to be p erfo rm ed m e cha nica lly , a n d c e r tainly n ot grudg ing ly.

O rder to a p p ly to all factories or parts o f factories in which the

preserving

o f fruit is

carried

on.

Official C a u tio n a ry N o t ic e as to effects

co p y

o f the

o f le m o n — and

orange— is also to be posted up in front o f the works in which a ny s uch process is carried out. C o p ie s o f the draft O r d e r and the

It was not a m ere m atter o f d u ty to

V D ire cto r- G e n e ra l o f V o l u n t a r y O rga n isa tio n s notifies, for general information, that n o requisitions will be T he

issued through his D e p a r tm e n t after A p r il 25th, a n d t hat no N o t i c e may be

obtain ed on app lica tio n to the H o m e Office, W h itehall, L on d o n , S .W . 1.

co rr e s p o n d e n ce , with the e x ce p tio n o f n ece s sa ry c o m m u n i ca tio n s relating to the official “ B l u e b o o k ,” can be re ce ive d or dealt with after A p r il 30th.

— F I R S T

174

B r ig a d e

O v e rs e a s.

T h e follow in g report has been sent us by Supt. G. M ille r :— F o r t W i l l i a m D i v i s i o n ( N o . 35), O n t a r i o , C a n a d a , was fo rm e d on M a r c h 15th, 1 9 1 5 , and the division has d o n e s o m e s p len did w ork since it was org anised. B e fo r e we re ce ive d our papers several o f our p ro sp ec tive m e m bers had enlisted, and we had to org anise first aid classes to secu re recruits for the division. F o u r h u n d r e d and forty miles from the nearest d iv i sion, it has be en d o in g outpost d uty for the brigade, and as a result o f the w ork two nursing divisions ha ve been form ed. T h e division has held five m e n ’s first aid classes, six la d ies ’ classes, o n e m e n ’s class for sanitation, three la dies’ h o m e nursing classes, and four jun io r classes. O u t o f a m e m b ers h ip o f fifteen, eig ht men have served overseas, six in the C . A . M . C . , and two in the infantry.

AID. —

May, 1919.

ha vin g got the worst o f it— “ a cco rd in g to p l a n ”— w ere re treating ho m ew a rd s, w h en the N o rth force, seizing its cha n ce, fell up on the retreating Southerners on the Island, inflicting n um ero us casualties o f a tem porary nature, in d i ca te d by tickets dis crib ing their wounds, distributed lav ishly b y the N . C . O . ’s a m o n g st the co m patants. T h e battle over, the w o u n d e d were ga the re d up by the c o m p etin g team s a n d hurried off to the hospital tents for attention. W ith no fewer than 135 teams c o m p etin g from all parts o f the Preside ncy, it m ay be im agin ed that the m e dical men o f M a d ra s were re quired in full strength for the judging, R . A . M . C . , I.M .S ., railway m edical officers a n d others hard at work. F ifty

up-country

teams

co m p eted,

twenty-four from the M a dra s Police.

a n d there The

were

K o la r G old

F ie ld Rifles, w hich last year by their third year co n se cutiv e win secu re d the G o v e r n m e n t S hie ld as their perm anent property, were not represented this year, w h en the winning

G l e b e M e n ’s V.A .D . No. 41A, N.S. W a l e s . Left to right, Ptes. O. Rotten, J. W. Regan, Commandant W. J. Harris, Ptes. A. C. Wyatt, H. Leman. T h e division has d o n e p u b lic duty on twenty-three o ccasions. In structio n in first aid was given to the men o f the 94th a n d i4 2 s t Ba ttalio ns. F o rt W illia m a n d P o rt A rth u r N u rs in g Divisio n s have r e n d er ed s p le n d id services to the c o m m u n it y during the influenza e p id e m ic a n d badges are to be p resented to all w h o served in the hospital or un de r the supervision o f the local doctors. Dr. E . B. Oliver, H . O . H . , as divisional surgeon, d e serves great cr e d it for his loyal services to the division. M

a d r as

r e sid e n c y

m bu lan ce

o m p e t it io n

—

W e are in d eb te d to C o l o n e l B la c k h a m , C . M . G . , C . I . E . , D . S . O . , M . D . , for the followin g brief a c c o u n t (taken from an In d ia n new spap er to hand by last mail) o f the M a dra s P r e s id e n c y A n n u a l A m b u l a n c e C o m p e tit io n , held last m o n th on the Is la n d Madras. T h e first aid and a m b u la n c e work was p re ced e d by a sham fight betw een N o rt h and S o u th M adras. T h e So uth

team was fo un d in the I . D . P . team from the S .I. R ailw ay, Po da ur. A m o n g s t other awards, the la dies’ c o m p etitio n for in divid ual ba n d a gin g efforts was won b y Mrs. W orke. T h e ladie s’ team com petitions, for w h ich ten teams had entered , had to be p o stp o n e d for want o f time. A large gatherin g o f spectators was present to witness the operations, a n d H i s E x c e l l e n c y the G o v e r n o r followed the p ro ce ed in gs th rou gh o u t with close interest, and s ubse q u e n tly presented the prizes to the winners. T h e bulk o f the b u rd en o f org anising the com p etition fell to M a jo r H in g s to n , I . M .S ., but h e had a n u m b e r o f helpers, w ith out w hom it w ou ld have been im possible to ru n com p etitions on so vast a scale. R o w l e y R e g is D iv is io n held its third annual C h u rc h P a r a d e on M a y 10th, when a large n u m b e r o f m e m bers o f t he D iv is io n and local b odies a tte n d e d the U n i t e d M e th o d is t C h u rc h , B la ck h e a th , B irm in g h a m , Supt. C h a p m an was in charge.

— F I R S T

M ay, 1 9 19

D e a th

St. John V e teran .

A I D . —

A m b u la n c e

B y the death o f P r iva te G. L o v ett, the H a rr o w D iv is io n of the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r ig a d e has lost its m ost deeply lo ve d mem ber. H e was 73 years o f age, a n d the o ldest m e m ber o f the brigad e, a n d also the o ldest m e m b er in regards to years o f service in the H a rro w Divisio n , bein g the first man to present him self when the division was formed 22 years ago. H e was d e v o t e d to the work o f the brigad e, having “ first aid ” at his finger tips, and m any o f his old co m rades will have ca u se to h o ld him in grateful m em ory for the help, tuition and e n co u r a g em e n t he was eve ry rea dy to give. H e was always rea dy for d u ty w hen the call came, and in variably “ stood by ” for air raid d u ty during the war.

I 75

£etters to the Sditor. IV e

a re i n no w a y resp o n sib le f o r th e o p in io n s exp re ssed , or sta tem en ts m ad e, by C o r r e s p o n d e n ts .— E d i t o r , E t c .

th e

B R IG A D E M E D A L , E T C . ill you allow me correct an error in Capt. R.A.M .C(T .F .R .)’s letter in the current issue of F i r s t A i d . Ths T .F . Decoration (for officers) is only granted after 20 years commissioned service or the equivalent. The T .F . Efficiency M ed a l (for O. R.) is granted after 12 years efficient service. The counting double of embodied service in the Great W ar is a good idea, but it is not a new one. The matter, it is understood, is receiving attention at Headquarters. I agree entirely with his suggestions in paragraph 2, and the first sentence of paragraph 3. The granting of such medals would be a great consolation to members of the B ri gade and an incentive to further work. Due consideration should, of course, be given to the claims of St. John Nursing Sisters who have nursed or otherwise cared for the sick and wounded, both at home and abroad.— Yours faithfully, S

,— W

n co u r a g em e n t

D e a r S i r , — Re your “ Brevity ” on the subject of a medal for members of the S.J.A.B. who enlisted into the R .A .M .C . during the Great W ar, I should like to suggest the follow ing :— That all members of the Brigade who enrolled into the M .H .H .R . previous to August, 1914,and enlisted into the R .A .M .C. during 1914 or 1915, should have the honour of a decoration, independent of w hen theywent overseas, as in a great many cases S.J.A.B. men werekept serving at Home Hospitals owing to their general knowledge of first aid and home nursing, and were unable to get away although they repeatedly volunteered for overseas. I think that (Capt. R .A .M .C .,T .F .R .) in A p ril issue, also Sergt. W. Hirom, S.J.A.B., both express the feeling of all Brigade members, viz.— that those who enlisted in 1914 or 1915, are being punished quite sufficient in not having the 1914 or 1914-5 ribbon. I should like also to support Capt. R.A .M .C., T .F .R . re Long Service Medal, time in the Arm y to count double, the same as the Territorial Force Medal, and the length of service should be lowered from 15 years to 12 years efficiency.— Yours faithfully, E. W. A l l s o p , Sergt. S.J.A.B.

N O TA BLE A M B U LA N C E DATES. S i r , — The year 1890 is given in “ Notable Am bu lance Dates ” as the date of the formation of the fir s t Nursing Division, and I am now writing to notify the fact that on Feb ruary 1st,' 1886 the Central Nursing Division, H ull, has regis tered at Headquarters, Mrs. Laverack being appointed Lady Divisional Superintendent, to whose memory a brass tablet recording this fact is inserted it the crypt of St. John’s Church, Clerkenwell. I think this correction should be pub lished in fairness to the H u ll Corps (No. 6 District), members of which were the original pioneers of Nursing Ambulance W ork.— Yours truly, D

H e held two medals for duty at the coron ation o f K i n g E d w a r d V I I . and K i n g G e o r g e V ., and also the L o n g S e rv ice M e d a l o f the O rder, a n d h a d the h o n o ur o f bein g co m p lim e n t e d by H . R . H . the D u k e o f C o n n a u g h t on his s p len did record. H e was borne to his grave in H a r r o w C e m e t e ry by four o f his old co m rades, and follo w ed by d e ta ch m e n ts of the a m b u la n c e a n d nursing divisions. T h e coffin was d rap ed with the flag o f t h e O rder, and at the co n clu s io n o f the service the “ L a s t P o s t ” was s o u n d e d by a m e m b e r o f the W e m b l e y Divisio n . A m o n g the m a ny beautiful floral tributes was o n e from the nurses o f the 22 H a rro w Division, a n d o n e from his old c o m r ad e s in the form o f a St. J o h n Cross. W e are indebted, to P r iva te M it c h a m , o f the H a rro w Divisio n , for the p hotograph.

When corresponding: with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid ”

ear

abel

y r e

H u ll Lady Corps’ Secretary. [Reference to the Brigade Report shows that the Oldham Nursing Division (No. 4 District) was registered on Septem ber 15th, 1885, and the Leicester Nursing D ivision on Jan uary 15th, 1886. The credid for the first nursing division therefore belongs in point of fact, to Oldham.— E d .]

T h e H e a d q u a r t e r s o f the J o in t W a r C o m m i t t e e for Lein ste r, M u n s ter , a n d C o n n a u g h t ha ve be en r e m o v e d from 51, D aw son -street to 40, M errion-square, D u b lin .

—FI RST

17 6

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt w ith under the follow ing rules :— r .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top lefl hana corner of the envelope “ Q uery," and addressed — F i r s t A i d ,

46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 . — A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jro m

the current issue of the Jo u rn a l, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. ?. — T h e T e x tb o o k , to w h ic h re je re n c e may be m a de in these c o lu m n s, is th e R e v is e d ( 1 9 / 7 ) E d i t i o n o f S . J . A . A . M a n u a l o f F i r s t - A i d .

e ta il e d

a r k in g

h eets

G. M. (Fort W illiam , Canada) returns thanks for many benefits received from this column and asks where he can secure detailed marking sheets (both team and individual) of competition tests. H e adds that neither he nor his col leagues have had any experience in this work and that, when they venture to have a competition in their district, then everything has to be arranged for the local doctors, who are not very keen. M y sympathy to you in your difficulties and my congra tulations on your efforts to overcome the same. I do not know any such collection of detailed marking sheets, though possibly my Efficiency in F ir s t A i d with its three carefully analysed test pieces may be of some assistance. Further, there are a few detailed tests drawn up by the late Dr. Frank Christian at the end of Probem s in F ir s t A id . The disadvantage, from your point of view of such collec tions, however, is that you have the views and teaching of one man only, although in the latter instance you enjoy the counsel and instruction of a Judge whose influence on First-Aid, and especially on competitions as a means of education in ambu lance work still exists and has never been appreciated at its true value. I consider, therefore, that your best plan will be to watch the columns of F i r s t A i d , in which detailed marking sheets from many competent judges used to be published, and will again reappear with the resumption of normal conditions and the revival of numerous competitions. Lastly, I would advise you to coax up the enthusiasm of your local doctors by the exercise of discrim ination, tact and resourcefulness , as has been done on many occasions in this country by other FirstA iders.— N . C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .

AID —

May, 1919.

w ho m a n a ge the H o t e l are satisfied the parents are u n ab le to pro vid e a suitable h o m e for their children. No. 4, G lebe-pla ce, is m ainly in te n d e d for children o f the w orkin g class who habitually attend D a y N urseries o f In fan t W elfare Centres, but w ho are o b lige d to leave ho m e for a short tim e o wing to the illness o f their m o th e r or so m e other em ergency. T h e s e tw en ty or thirty ch ildren required skilled and trained care by d a y a n d by night, a n d a fairly large staff is necessary. T h e Principal was form erly the Sister in a large C h ild r e n ’s H o sp ital, and has had great exp erien ce in train ing nurses, probationers, V . A . D s , & c . U n d e r her super vision re sident pupils are trained as nursery nurses, with a view to p u b lic posts un der local authorities, or under the N a tio n al S o cie ty o f D a y N urseries— or, if they s h o uld pre fer it, as nurses in private families. A l l these openings are very g o o d ones, the d e m a n d greatly exce ed s the supply, and a yea r’s training at S t o k e N e w in g to n should ensure a s u bsequ en t salary o f from ^ 4 0 to £ 1 0 0 resident. T h e fees for a year are 50 gu ineas (w hich in cludes board, residence and tuition, but not laundry), a n d students passing the necessary exam ination will receive a certificate. Shorter coursesv(without certificate) can be taken, if va ca n c ie s o ccur at six guineas per month. T h e practical instruction in clu d e s e ve ry th in g relating to the care o f children from birth to seven years o f age, a n d the m a n a ge m en t o f a nur sery, nursery co o kin g, nursery laund ry a n d n eedlew ork. Q ualified teachers also give co urses o f instruction in infant care and hygiene, the p h y siolo g y a n d p s y c h o lo g y o f children, character training, kindergarten occupations, g a m e a n d songs. S tudents must be over 17 years o f age, a n d must be passed by the scho o l do cto r before a d m is sion. T h e hotels are under the m a na gem en t o f a jo int co m m ittee o f the two societies, the N a tio n al L e a g u e for H e a lt h , M a te rn ity and C h ild W elfare a n d the N a tio n al S o cie ty o f D a y Nurseries. A p p lica tio n for s tudents’ forms or for any further details s h o uld be m a d e to the Principal (M iss H o d g e s ), A m e r ic a n R e d C ro ss B a b ie s H o tels, 2, G lebe-p lace, C lis s o ld P ark, S t o k e N ew in gto n , N. 16.

Sir M a l c o lm D e le v in g n e , A ssistan t U n d e r Secretary o f for H o m e Affairs, stated before the C o a l C o m m is s io n that the H o m e O ffice system for regulation o f mines had pro duced

A N e w T r a i n i n g S c h o o l F o r G ir ls .

good

dim in ished,

results. and

The

a very

accid en t rates had

high

gen erally h a d been obtained.

standard

steadily

m a na gem en t

A t the sam e time the exist,

M a n y girls a n d y o u n g w o m e n w h o h a v e b e en serving their

ing system was not perfect.

co u n try in different capacities during the war are now search ing for p erm an e nt occu p a tio n . A career with a de finite e le m e n t o f “ service ” in the h ig hest sense o f the w ord m akes a special appeal to them, aDd if that service is a m o n g the ch ild ren o f their o w n nation it is sure to find willing candidates. T h r o u g h the gen ero sity o f the A m e r i c a n R e d C ross three most suitable houses with large gard en s ha ve been re ce n tly a c q u ire d at G leb e -p la ce , S t o k e N e w in gto n , and o p e n e d as “ B a b i e s ’ H o t e l s .” In 1 a n d 2, G leb e -p la ce , ch ildren o f the P rofessional classes are tak en a n d ca re d for b y a skilled staff during the tim e w h e n their parents, o w in g to the exigen cies o f their profession are u n a b le to k e e p them at home, The c h i l d ’s visit to the H o t e l m a y be quite a short one, or may be p ro lo n g ed for a year or two, p r o v id e d the C o m m i t t e e

ally re sponsible, was the p aid servant o f the owner, and as

T h e manager, tho ugh n o m in

such was s u b je c t to his orders.

It not in frequ en tly h a p

p e n e d that the owner u n duly interfered with or ha m p ered the m anagem en t. A g a in , the o wner m igh t have too m uch to do. A t the present tim e there was but little co-opera tion be tw ee n the m a n a ge m en t a n d the workers in p r o m o t in g safety. T h e system of Join t Safety C o m m it t e e s had not so far been d e ve lo p e d in the mines, but the H o m e Office felt strongly that if the full interest o f the workers co u ld be enlisted, and m eans giv e them o f ta k in g effective part in the p rom otion o f safety, a m u c h higher standard c o u ld be reached.

W h e n c orresp on d in g w i t h A d v e r tis e r s please m e n tion “ F i r s t A i d .”

— FIRST

May, 1919.

R e v ie w s . T H E O R D E R O F ST. J O H N O F J E R U S A L E M — P A S T AND PRESENT. By Rose G. Kingsley. London ; Messrs. Skeffington & Sons, Ltd.

A I D —

A G R E A T AID T O F I R S T AID.

P rice 4s. 6d. net.

is yet another book to add to the many which have been written about the Order of St. John, and, like its predecessors, it goes over much of the same ground, starting, from the found ing of the Order to the time that Napoleon seized Malta in 1798, amd then dealing with the English branch from the end of the n th century until the present day, one chapter being devoted to its work at the present, embracing the work of the Association and Brigade and their work during the war. W e must confess we should have liked to have seen a greater portion of the work dealing with the modern history of the subject, for it is of this that we have not yet a complete record. The authoress has made the best of her subject, and she gratefully acknowledges the help she has received from the authorities at St. John’s Gate. T

17 7

DR.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

h is

O F F IC IA L H A N D B O O K .— W A R W O R K IN SEX. M i d d l e s e x B r a n c h S.J.A.A.

M ID D L E

h i r book is not intended to be a complete record of work whick has been undertaken in Midelesex during the war, but is intended to promote the objects and interests of the Order of St. John and the work of its departments in the county, and this object it should admirably fulfil. It contains many illus trations both of the modern and ancient work of the Order, also various phases of war work undertaken in Middlesex, and with photographs of many of the auxiliary hospitals and their staffs.

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an epitome of all that specialised medical and surgical knowledge necessary for First Aiders, as well as an authoritative m anual or reference on all inform ation relating to H e alth and Disease, is a work to be welcomed by all our readers who wish to study their subject more deeply than is possible from superficial text books. In “ T h e M odern P h y sician ,” by D r. A ndrew W ilson , fullest space is devoted to “ F irst A i d ” and A m bulance W ork. In respect of completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, “ T h e M odern P h y s ic ia n ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being d u ll; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of H e alth laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. T h is work is absolutely complete as regards H ealth and Disease. A s a knowledge of the body in H e alth is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the body’s m icroscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ m annikins ” or dum m ies more especially ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the hum an body. T h e section devoted to H ygien e includes the fu ll exposition of the Laws of H ealth, and special attention is devoted to Physical Culture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, hoi ays, temperament, &c., are treated in this section.

fo r

Uniforms and Equipm ent V a s t m odern factory resources, added to a c e n tu ry 's experience, enables u s to su p p ly F ir s t A id and a ll other S e rv ice s w ith u n ifo rm s and e q u ip m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d m ate rials, w o rk m a n sh ip and fin is h — at prices that ch a lle n g e com parison w ith a n y other c lo th in g of equal q u a lity . P ric e s and S a m p le s on request.

16,

NILE

C IT Y

ROAD,

STREET, LON DO N,

N . 1.,

and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M ILLE R S TR E E T, GLASGOW .

T h e last volum e is especially devoted to the H e a lth of Women, and Dr. W ilson has here been assisted by a num ber of eminent women physicians. M idw ifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fully dealt with. ONE

MANY

O P IN IO N S

Mr. J . DANIEL, K en t A v en u e, A s h f o r d , w r i t e s :— “ I t s a ll- r o u n d e x c e lle n c e m a k e s it a v a lu a b le a c q u is it io n . s e c t i o n d e a l i n g w i t h a m b u l a n c e w o r k is e s p e c i a l l y g o o d . w r itte n

s p le n d id

s ty le

and

th e illu s t r a t io n s

a r e f ir s t

The

T h e b o o k is ra te .

The

m e t h o d o f p a y m e n t p l a c e s it w i t h i n t h e r e a c h o f a l l . ”

A FREE TO

TH E

CAXTON 83,

Please send me, F r e e Illustrated Booklet o f

S u r r ey o f

BOOKLET.

P U B L IS H IN G S t r e e t ,

L o n d o n ,

COM PAN Y,

L t d .,

W .C .2.

C h a r g e a n d w i t h o u t a n y o b l i g a t i o n o n m y p a r t :—

“ T h e M o d ern

P h y s ic ia n . ”

(Send this Form on a Postcard.) A d d r e s s ..........................................................................................................................................................................................

— F I R S T

F ractured leg.

jlailwaij Jlmbulance. G. E R y .— Captain Quarterm aster W. Goodley, R .A .M .C ., 136th F ie ld Am bulance, has been awarded the M .C . for distinguished service in France. Captain Goodley was shed fore man at M arch, and well known as first officer of the brilliant M arch (G .E .R .) am bulance team. He enlisted as private Decem ber 1st, 1914, and worked his way to his present rank, being m entioned By courtesy g .e . r . Mat . in dispatches, M arch 25th, 1917. M e t r o p o l i t a n . — The following was the marking sheet of the annual competition ;— S

tr et c h er

est

You four (with full equipment) are travelling by train from Baker-street to this competition. At Swiss Cottage Station you hear a scuffle and are told that a man has fallen out of the train. On reaching the patient, who is an elderly man, you are further told that, when alighting from the train, he stepped out wrong foot first, lost his balance and fell heavily over the platform barrow on which he is now lying. Act as you should. N .B .— Address all questions as to what you see, hear or feel to the Judge, who will penalise unnecessary for foolish questions. There is a strict time limit to this test. Immediate action.

Mode of reading card... ... ... ... Mode of approach on patient ... ... ... Mode of dealing with crowd ... ... ... Prevent all movement of patient for present ... Enquire history of bystanders (fell on left side, rolled on back) ... ... ... ... ... Enquire for marked deformity (right foot overted) ... Enquire for haemorrhage (smali wound left temple, slight bleeding) ... ... ... ... Enquire for pain (answer uncertain, though hand pressed leftside) ... ... ... ... Establish standard guides— Consciousness (dazed). Face (pale) ... ... Pulse (feeble). Breathing (shallow) ... ...

2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2

E xa m in a tion o f patient.

Fo r fracture of skull (none) ... ... ... For fracture of spine (moves left leg) ... ... For fracture of ribs (pain and swelling over 6th and 7th left ribs— no cough) ... ... ... For fracture of scapula and upper limbs (no) ... For fracture of lower limbs (pain and swelling of right tibia and fibula) ... ... ... ... Method of examination for fractures ... ... For other injuries (none) ... ... ...

2 2 2 2 2 4 2

Immediate treatment.

Lift off barrow and place recumbent on blanket (care of left ribs and right leg) ... ... ... Patient flat, hand and shoulders low ... ... Explore mouth, loosen clothes ... ... ... W ithold smelling salts and everything by mouth ... Cover warmly, fan patient ... ... ... Enquire for doctor now (1J marks if later) ... ... Doctor says—“ D octor has been inform ed a n d says that

5 2 2 2 2 4

p atien t m ust be brought to his house w ithin 13 m in utes fr o m time o f start, as he has been called to urgent case.’’

Enquire for identity, relatives, &c. S u b s e q u e n t tre a tm e n t.

May. 1919

A I D. —

Enquire variety fracture (sim ple)... Detail bearer control foot ... Do not expose fracture ... 2 splints ; 3 bandages ... Tie limb to limb ... ... Neatness and efficiency of work ...

... ... ... ... ... ...

3 3 2 2 2 4

Loosen clothes ; exclude haemorrhage ... Enquire for cough, bloodstained sputum (no) 2 bandages, large arm sling ... ... Neatness and efficiency of work ... ...

... ... ... ...

3 3 2 2

... ... ...

3 2 1

F ractured ribs.

Grased temple.

Clean lint, iodine or boric lint ... ... Pad cotton wool— narrow bandage ... Neatness and efficiency of work ... ... Judge says— “ P a tien t now fu lly conscious and asks to

sit

up.”

Keep recumbent ; do not incline... ... Test pulse (feeble) and standard guides (shock) Cover warmly, comforting and cautionary words

... ... ...

3 2 3

... ... ... ... ... ... ...

3 3 3 3 2 4 2

Transport o f patient.

Prepare and place stretcher ... ... Lifting and lowering patient ... ,.. Method of carrying ... ... ... Unison of working ... ... ... Examination on march ... ... Report to doctor (cause ; injuries ; treatment) Replacement of equipment ... ...

D e a t h of S u r g e o n ~ M a j o r

H u tto n .

I t is with deep regret that we have to announce the death at the age of 88 of Surgeon-M ajor Hutton, which took place at Leam ington. D r. H utton was born at Newcastle in 1830. H e received his early m edical training at the old In firmary, Newcastle, under Sir Joh n Fife and Dr. Heath, and later, he joined the Arm y M edical Service, and was attached to the R ifle Brigade. D r. H utton saw many years of foreign service. H e did valuable work in South Africa, Canada and the West Indies, and when he retired from the Arm y, he took up the work of the St. Joh n A m bulance Association, for which he laboured indefatigably for over a quarter of a century H e was appointed organising com m issioner and ex am iner to the Association in 1880, and he travelled the country from the Isle of W ight to Berwick, m aking known the objects and principles of first aid. H is addresses and enthusiasm led to the forming of classes in all ranks of life. It was, however, chiefly in the ironwork and m ining dis tricts of Cleveland, South Durham , and in the coalfields of Nottingham shire that his greatest successes were achieved. D r. H utton had a lively, racy manner, and this helped to make his work popular. T h e M iddlesbrough and Cleve land Centre soon became one of the strongest centres of the St. Joh n A m bulance Association, and in 1888 it was able to parade 1,000 men before the P rince of W ales, after wards K in g Edw ard V I I . F o r the last few years D r. H u tto n had been an invalid at his home at Leam ington. H e was twice married, and leaves a widow and three sons and three daughters. D r. H u tto n ’s eldest son is a R ear A dm iral in the Royal Navy,

May, 1919.

- F I R S T

17 9

AID. —

1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + H A

FACTORY&WORKSHOPWELFARE

SEPTIC WOUNDS

K BANDAGES DRESSINGS EYE DROPS EYE PADS SPL SWABS Ete..

Y 0 U

SA B IN ETS IRRIGATORS RESTCOUCHES STERILISERS STRETCHERS i t TABLES ETC., ETC..

Cuts, tears, scratches, abrasions, bruises, sprains, burns, scalds, etc., are rapidly healed by I o d e x . It presents the antiseptic, pene trating, and healing properties of Iodine in a bland, absorbable and painless base, and is free from stain, irritation, or corrosion. As a first aid dressing I o d e x is ideal. In field and home, munition and other works, where minor injuries are of daily occurrence, a supply of I o d e x ensures complete antisepsis and rapid healing-. F or inflamed conditions I O D E X is ideal. T ry it. A ll good chemists stock it.

C H E M

W r it e f o r

Gatafogue

I S T

J A M E S W OOLLEY SONS&Co Ltd Victoria Bridge, MANCHESTER.

F 0

IllIIIIIIIIIII

Uniforms, Belts and Pouches, Haversacks, Waterbottles, Stretcher Slings, Etc., etc.,

S E DB Y :— R E G U L A R L YU R o y al N a v y . R o y a l A rm y M edic* C o rp s. B r itis h R ed C ro s s S o c ie ty . C ro ix R o u g e F r a n c a is e ,

ESTIMATES AND SAMPLES ON APPLICATION.

FOLLETT & CO.,

M E N L E Y & J A M E S , Ltd.,

4 , V icto ria A ve n u e , B is h o p s g a t e , L o n d o n , E . C . 2 . Telephone:

B e lg ia n F ie ld H o s p ita ls , F r e n c h F ie ld H o s p ita ls , N u m e ro u s M ilita ry H o s p ita ls , M e m b e rs of S t . J o h n A m b u la n c e .

39, F a r r l n g d o n R o a d ,

LONDON, E .C.1 .

C o n t ra c to rs to H . M .

G o v e rn m e n t.

A v e n u e 5469 .

MARSHALL’S “ L” BRAND

Lysol

Food F o r

in v a l id s

f a

The

FO R

a nd the a g e d .

U s e d e x te n s iv e ly in B ritish , C iv il and M ilita ry hospitals, and by th e R ed C ro ss S o c ie tie s ol G r e a t B rita in , th e over s e a D om inions, and th e A llies. Sold in tins by Chemists,etc. yeverywhere

FIR S T

dissolves b lo o d clots a n d a c c u m u la t e d secretions. with a i % solution o f “ L ” L y s o l are freed from all septic matter and heal rapidly. “ L ” B r a n d L y s o l is the

W ounds

Equipment Co

B E S TA N DC H E A P E S TH O U S EINT H ET R A D E . L a te st

P a tte rn

K haki

U n ifo rm s

a S p e c ia lity .

Contractors for:— St. John Ambulance Brigade; British Red Cross, &c.; Officers and Privates; also for Army, Navy, Police and PIre Brigades.

(F R E D

EV A N S,

P r o p r ie to r ;,

6 , O le r k e n w e ll Q re e n , F a r r i n g d o n R o a d , T e l e g r a m s — 11 E v a n s , C l e r k e d w e l l G re e n ,

LONDON, London,

ideal antiseptic for all purposes personal hygiene.

connected

with

In B o ttle s, fro m a ll C h em ists,

MARSHALL’S

Equipment Co,

Telephone—No. 2353 Holborn.

ba th ed

B ra n d

9d., 1s. 3d., 2s. 3d., & 4s.

SEND FOR PRICE LIST AND PATTERNS TO l -

Uniform Clothing

A ID .

“ L ” B r a n d L y s o l q u ic k l y cleanses all wounds,

BENGER’S FOOD LTD., — Otter Works, — MANCHESTER, Eng. Branch ('ffices : NewYork & Sydney. Depdts throughout Canada.

Uniform Clothing

B e s t A n tis e p tic

E.O .

LYSOL SURGICAL SOAP, R e fin ed

A ntiseptic

Soap,

d . per Tablet. Lysol Ltd., Stratford, London, E. 6

— FIRST

i8o

J. A. W YLIE & CO., W h o le s a le

M a k e r s

AID. —

May, 1919

M AN UALS By

N. CO R BET

FLETCH ER,

F I R S T - A I D , &e., B .A .,

M .B .,

B .C ( C a n t a b ) ,

M .R .C .S

A ID S T O F IR S T -A ID . Third Edition. Post free, 7d . First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

“ (Tel. S i r James € ant lie contributes an introduction and we endorse his go$a opinion o f the book. ’ ’ — L a n c e t .

o f

A ID S

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

Second Edition.

MEDALS,

Price 7 d . t post free.

Home-Nnrslng Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

“ This book w onderfully sim plifies a complex subject and should be read by ah students."— L . & N . W . R y . G a z e t t e .

BADGES,

W HY

AND

W HEREFO RE

Third Edition.

F IR S T -A ID .

Price 7 d ., post free.

Dlfflcnlties In Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer.

ltWe commend this book to Lecturers a n d Students who w ill fin d it o f great service."— F i r s t A i d .

AN D

E F F IC IE N C Y

F iR S T -A ID .

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TROPHIES

Problems in Study, Treatment and Examination solved for Senior Students. ‘ ‘ W ithout doubt the book w ill be o f great service in the training' o f those fo r whom it is designed."— B r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

H I N T S F O R H O S P IT A L O R D E R L IE S . Post free, 7 d. t ... A „ Orderly Duties Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

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CORPS

P r e s c r ib e r .

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FOR

S E L E C T IO N

APPROVAL.

No. 7 7 B ron ze, 3 / - ; S ilv e r, 4/ 6; S ilv e r, Gold C entre, 6/9. O r ig in a l D esig n s a n d Q uotations p o st free.

W h olesaleP ricestoall “F IR S TA ID ”S O C IE T IE S . Contractors to H . M . Ministry of Munitions, Russian G ove rn m en t, & c .

AN M.

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Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2 d . Cloth, 4 d . TH E

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V IA D U C T ,

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Apply (stam p) to M r. J . E. W a l d h n , Sec., Westminster College (Lady Dispensers Sw tion of the W estminster College of Chem istry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874), 112 , S t . G e o r g e ’s R o a d , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

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TR IA N C U LA R

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Price,

I S . net; postage TH E R OLLER BANDAGE. B y t h e S a m e A u th o r

the

2d.

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F IR S T -A ID

A N A TO M IC A L

D IA G R A M S .

Thirteen on Roller. Post free, 3s. 6 d . net. Each Diagram separately, 2 d . 5, 6 and 14 (coloured), 6 d . each. No. 1 4 . — H U M A N B O D Y . — S H O W I N G A R T E R I E S P R E S S U R E P O IN TS . Coloured. Price, 6 d . T H E W H O L E A R T O F B A N D A G IN G . By TH E K LA B O W SER , F .J .I.

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83-91, G r e a t T itch field S tr e e t, London, W .

A T> Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark .iY .J j. Grey cloth, to measure, £ 3 19s. 6d. Quotations for other equipment on application. W rite for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 16s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

F A

M B U L A N C E Competition for the “ N a ylo r” Cup, open to all England, will be held at Ringwood Park, Staveley, on 12th July.— Full particulars, apply Mr. C. W. Hudson, Ralph-road, Netherthorpe, Staveley, near Chesterfield. O R S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval. — Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

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T e be cut out a n d enclosed w ith a l l Queries M

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., L t d . , 46, C a n n o n S t . , LONDON, E ,C .4 .

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Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 162 Diagrams. Price, I S . net; postage, 2d.

Magazine.

T H EP R A C T IC A LO R G A NO FT H ET R A D E .

116 Illus.

E .C .

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(4oth thousand).

N U R S I N G IN F E W W O R D S . B y t h e S a m e A u th o r .

TH E

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Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams.

London S h o w ro o m — 62,

IN D E X O F F IR S T -A ID . C A R V E L L , M .R .C S ., L .S .A .L o n d .

A vade-mecum for the Ambulance Worker. F.cap.8vo. Post free, I s. 2 d.

a y

19 19 .

FIRST AID AN D

ST.

JOHN

THE

-----

AMBULANCE Edited by A R T H U R

No. 3 0 0 — V o l. X X V ,

JUNE

1919.

GAZETTE.

DALE.

the e sta blish m en t

N O T IC E

READERS.

PRICE THREEPENCE

[E n tered a t Stationers' H a ll.)

C r o ss

of a

organis ation

S e c o n d ly ,

( 3/6 P e r

A nnum ,

d u ly a utho rised eve ry

country

P o st

F r e e

vo lu ntary in

the

Red world.

it aims at setting up w hat m a y be d e sc rib ed

FIRST AID is published on the 20th of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

as an in telligence bureau o f the d e v e l o p m e n t o f m edical

Its aim and object being the advancement 0. Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers.

co -ordin ating

k n o w le d g e a n d m a nk ind.

practice

for the

ge n era l

advantage

T h ir d l y , it proposes “ to furnish a m e d iu m for relief work

case

o f great n ational and

in tern ation al ca lam itie s.”

the

The

s c h e m e in b rie f is to maintain

Red

C ro ss

a pp ly

th e

vast

develope

organ isation

has been

cr ea te d as a result

times

peace, disease t h r o u g h o u t the world.

and

the

w hich

war to co m b a t, in A lready

a great task has been p ro p o se d to the L e a g u e by the A l lie d E c o n o m i c C o u n c il, w h ich has a s k e d its a ssistan ce in c o m

D A LE, REYN OLDS & CO., L td .,

bating the terrible o utbre ak o f typh us in P o la n d a n d the

46, C annon St r e e t , L ondon, E.C. 4.

n eig h b o u rin g regions.

T e le g ra p h ic A d d r e s s : “ T w e n t y - f o u r , L o n d o n ." T e le p h o n e N o . 5 4 7 7 B a n k .

Q u e e n A l e x a n d e r visited G r e e n w ic h H o s p i ta l on the 5th June,

ED ITO R IAL. A

The

So cie tie s has no formal affiliation with

Red Cross League.

the

League

o b vio u s ly League

in A r t ic le

25 o f

the

N ations,

c o n c e iv e d that

was

the

each

spirit o f

in corporated

C o v e n a n t, bin ding

m e m ber

Su c h a p led g e by N ation al

G o vern m en ts sets an official seal to this great service which

fo undation

League

is n ow

accom

R e d C ro ss Society, as its first Ch airm an , and Sir D a vid H e n d ers o n o f this co u n try its first D irecto r-G eneral, and public

explained

sp eech

the

fo rm ally

h a n d in g

last

m o n th

this

latter

gentlem an

p o lic y a n d activities o f the L e a g u e .

said in part :—

ha ve been review ed b y the C o m p a n y ’s m e d ical officer, who has s elected nineteen

men for the m edal a n d

certificate

awards given a n n u a lly by the D ir ecto rs for e n c o u r a g e m e n t o f the m ovem ent, a m o n g w ho m were :— A G o l d M e d a l and Certificate,

for the

order o f merit, was a w a rded to C h e c k e r

first

D a v id

case

I. Jones,

G o o d s D e p artm en t, P o r t T a l b o t . new horse.

T h e horse got out o f

was trying a

control,

the ca rm a n

ju m p e d , and by the horse swerving the v e h ic le passed o ver him, causing c o m p lic a t e d fracture o f the left arm a n d in jurie s toj his h e ad and chest.

C h e c k e r J on e s was called,

and, with assistance, dressed the w o u n d s , o f w h ich there were

five,

with

c a r b o lic

lotion,

and

set

the

fra c t u r e d

hu m erus and ribs. A Silver M e d a l a n d Certificate, for th e s e c o n d ca se in

“ A l l that the L e a g u e can do is to get the best out o f every R e d C ro ss that exists.”

over

W . R y .— C a s es o f first aid re n dered by m e m bers o f

O n J uly 19th a ca rm a n at P o r t T a l b o t o f the

plished fact, with Mr. H . P. D avison, o f the U n i t e d States

in a

w hich the treatm ent was regard ed as e x c e p tio n a lly efficient,

is to be undertaken. The

purp ose

the G re a t W estern R a ilw a y staff d u rin g the last year, in

state in general terms to the o b jects to w hich the R e d Cross L ea gu e has set before itself.

the

the e n d o w m e n t o f a ward in the S e a m e n ’s H o sp ita l.

the L e a g u e o f R e d Cross

lth o u g h

for

£ 1 0,000 w hich the S ilv er T h i m b l e F u n d has given up for

It seeks, first, to pro m o te

order o f merit, was a w a rd e d to I n s p e c t o r S a m u e l W . M e r rick, T ra ffic D e p a r tm en t, B irm in g h a m .

182

— F I R S T

III

Jh i Qrand Jfio tg of t'ai 0cd«r of the Kospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland.

AMBULANCE

fjhe St. No. 1 District. C

o m m issio n e r

A I D —

June, 1919.

IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

DEPARTM ENT.

John .Ambulance Brigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS. -------

W . H. W IN N Y , O .B.E. J U L Y 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 6th.— No. 64 Division, YLM.C.A. „ 13th.— No. 66 „ Mitcham. . „ 20th.- No. 68 „ City of London. „ 27th.— No. 70 „ West Kensington. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. O F F IC E R ’S T R A IN IN G C O U R S E . The next meeting in connection with this course will be held at the Merchant Taylor’s f Schools, Charterhouse-square, E.C., on Wednesday, July 16th, at 7 p.m., sharp. Officers and members for promotion to the rank of officer, are invited to attend this meeting. S E R G E A N T ’S A N D C O R P O R A L ’S C L A S S . The next meeting in connection with this course will be held at the Merchant Taylor’s Schools, Charterhouse-square, E.C., on Wednesday, July 2nd, at 7 p.m. sharp. Members of the above ranks, and candidates for promotion to these ranks, are invited to attend this meeting. D E M O B IL IS A T IO N O F B R IG A D E M E M B E R S F R O M A C T IV E S E R V IC E . W hen a member of the Brigade is demobilised from Active Service, officers and members in charge of divisions should ascertain the date of demobilisation, and notify the Commissioner immediately. D E M O B IL IS A T IO N O F R E S E R V E M E M B E R S . The Commissioner is desired by the Chief Commissioner to circulate the following reply which has been received by him from the W ar Office with reference to complaints from members of the M ilitary Home Hospital Reserve regarding delay in demobilisation :— “ In reply to your letter of the 29th April, bringing to notice complaints of several men serving in the R.A.M .C., I am directed to inform you that under current instructions Army Order 55 of 1919, men serving in this Corps are liable to be temporarily retained for the military machinery of demobilisa tion in accordance with paragraph 11, of the Schedule of the above quoted Army Order. Every effort is being made to effect the release of men so retained, and there is no reason why the demobilisation of the men concerned should be unduly delayed as scon as the exigencies of the service permit of their release.” C O M B IN E D D R IL L S . Combined drills will be held at the Merchant Taylors’ Schools, Charterhouse-square, E .C ., on Saturday, June 21st, June 28th, July 12th, and July 26th, at 3 p.m., parade will dis miss at 5 p.m. Members should make every effort to attend these drills, in order to have the benefit of the instruction given. Members not possessing uniform should attend in mufti. Members in possession of brigade uniform should parade in drill order, the latest pattern of brigade uniform being worn if possible. Officers are reminded that the silver lace round the cap, and the white enamel cross belt are now obsolete. (Signed) W . H . W IN N Y , Commissioner.

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C,

B a r k i n g (No. 72) D i v i s i o n . — At the invitation of the Rev. H. S. Pelham, Vicar of Barking, a Church Parade was held in the St. Paul’s Church, on Sunday, May 8th ; the preacher was the Lord Bishop of Newcastle. Neighbouring divisions were invited to attend, resulting in a total muster of 65 (8 Officers, 9 N.C.O.’s, and 48 rank and file). Corps Supt. Liddle, representing Brigade Headquarters, was in command. Other officers present were Supt. Atkins (East Ham), Supt. Magnus, M .B.E. (Ilford), Ambulance Offi cers Cosburn and Harrop (East Ham), Jackson (St. M ark’s, Forest Gate), A. J. Gray (Beckton), and A. J. Nice (Barking). The N .C.O .’s and rank and file included contingents from the St. M ark’s (Forest Gate), Leyton and Leytonstone, East Ham, Beckton, Ilford, Barking and Gray’s Divisions. The Parade assembled in the vicarage grounds and marched to the church. The Bishop, in his address, referred to the good work of the Brigade, making special mention of that which had come under his notice— the splendid service of the St. John Ambulance Brigade at Newcastle during the war, amongst the wounded returning from the front. It was, he went on to say, a work involving considerable self-sacrifice ; prompted by love, and applied with knowledge and skill. The address and the service were much enjoyed and greatly appre ciated by all present. After the Service the members marched to the Barking Park and were there dismissed by the Corps Supt., who, in a short address expressed his pleasure at having been present and his satisfaction of the parade.

No. 2 District.

D IS T R IC T D

ORDERS.

ist r ic t

a f f

It is notified for general information that the title of Deputy Commissioner of the District has now been altered to that of “ Commissioner.” A

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Special attention is drawn to Brigade Order 329, which states that no promotions can be entertained in respect to a division which has not sent in its annual returns. As there are many divisions which have failed to do so, officers are requested to give this matter their immediate attention. R

e c o g n it io n

e r v ic e

Officers and members in charge of divisions should notify the Commissioner as soon as possible of the names of those members of the Brigade who, although not eligible for the St. John Service Badge, are yet deserving of some recognition. The names and particulars of local war service of members not enrolled in V.A .D . who have rendered service to the sick and wounded during the war should be forwarded to the Com missioner on pink cards, which will be supplied on application. W

r a t u it y

It should be noted that the W ar Gratuity is issuable to those who served as enlisted soldiers and who drew Army Rates of pay, provided they have had more than six months’ service. No men who were not enlisted soldiers, or who were not receiving Army Rates of pay, are entitled to the gratuity. (Signed)j J o h n S. G r i f f i t h . Commissioner.

No. 3 District. N o r t h a m p t o n . — W ar Service Badges have been pre sented to members of the various Detachments in Northamp tonshire by Mrs. Harvey Reeves, A .R .R .C., Lady District Superintendent. Although the regulations were very strict quite a large number of these badges have been gained,

June, 1919.

— F I R S T

Four V .A .D . members of the Northants Detachments have been granted the Royal Red Cross ; this is very gratifying as all of them have worked in the V.A.D. hospitals since the com mencement of the war. The Commandants of Dallington, Abington Avenue, and Higham Ferrers (Northampton) A uxiliary M ilitary Hospitals, have been appointed Members of the British Em pire (M .B .E .) in recognition of their valuable services. Also 59 members of Detachments have been mentioned in Despatches. Hearty congratulations are extended to Mrs. Harvey Reeves on being appointed Lady District Superintendent of No. 3 District, and a Lady of Grace of the Order of St. John. For the past 20 years she has done very valuable work as Lady Superintendent of the Headquarters Nursing Division, North ampton, Commandant of No. 4 Detachment, Lady Corps Superintendent of the Northampton Corps, and Assistant County Director for Northants Womens’ V .A .D .’s. At the kind invitation of the Birmingham Corps, 150 of the Nursing Sisters journeyed to Birmingham on May 21st to assist in lining the route on the occasion of the visit of the King and Queen. No. 4 District.

meeting was held in the Mayor’s P ar lour an May 21st to present certificates and other awards to the members of the Division. Alderman Byrne, who presided, in opening, regretted that the Mayor was not able to be present, as he had taken great interest in the work of the St. John Ambulance Brigade. A hearty welcome was extended to all members, and jhe trusted that it would continue to extend its useful work. A very interesting programme has been arranged, and a demonstration dealing with a street accident by the Ambulance and Nursing Divisions. Dr. M cFarland examined the case, and explained that it was supposed to be a fracture of the right femur and bleeding from the palm of the right hand. During an interval the Mayoress presented to the success ful candidates their awards. B

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D a r w e n . — A large company of ambulance workers gathered last month to welcome home the members of the Division, who have been on active service. A whist drive and dance arranged by the members resulted in a thoroughly enjoyable evening. Since August, 1914, nearly 400 men had passed through the Division into service, and amongst them were Corpl. Scales and Sergt. Preston, who had been prisoners of war. Amongst their losses by death they include the names of Ptes. Hine, Hopwood, Heywood, Lacy and Briggs.

No. 5 District. S h e f f i e l d . — Royal Visit. The Corps, assisted by the Nursing Division and members from the Rotherham, Worsop and Heeley Divisions were on parade from 8.30 a.m. until after the departure of the Royal Party late in the afternoon of May 20th, and were under the command of Assistant Commissioner H. C. Else and Divisional Supt. A. E. Taylor. Various buildings, such as schools and libraries, were utilised as ambulance stations and proved very useful. Nine extra ambulances were lent for the occasion, and men were Stationed at frequent intervals along the route. Altogether about 670 cases were attended to, consisting chiefly of fainting and epilipsy. A great part of these cases occurred in the crowd which watched the M arch Past at the Town Hall, and many fainting cases were attended to at the entrance to the M idland Station when the visitors were depart ing, the trouble being caused here by the sun’s rays beating upon the crowd through the glass roof. The Divisional surgeons, Drs. Helm Deardon and Hudson were on duty and treated several cases. Mention should also be made to the splendid assistance given by the members of the Boys’ Life Brigade, who were con stantly running to and fro with stretchers. On Friday, May 16th, Assistant Commissioner H. C. Else, presented the Brigade W ar Service Badge to the following

AID. —

members of the corps for services rendered on Convoys : 1st. Class Sergt. J. T. Firth, Sergts. W. Lowry, E . A. Growdon, J. H . Newton, J. Key, Corpls. W . A. M. Smith, W . Manning, J. H . W illiam s, Ptes. W. F. Dyett, A. Smith, W . S. Taylor, H. W . Riches, J. J. Mycock, F. Gregory and W. H. Robinson. Since these were applied for many more men have become entitled to them, and the officers will make application for them later. S E T T L E . - —A welcome home was accorded to the returned ambulance men of the D ivision on 28th May, when upwards of 90 men, nursing sisters and friends were entertained in the ambulance d rill hall. Hon. surgeon A. C. A. Lovegrove wel comed those who had been on active service, and Supt. E. R. Motphet replied for those who had been away. The Nursing Division, through Lady Supt. Mrs. Batty, presented the Am bu lance Division with a framed roll of those who had been on active service, and each member was presented with a small gift in memory of services rendered during the war. D uring the evening war service badges were presented to members of the Division entitled to them.

G r i m s b y . — There was a good attendance of members at the annual meeting of the D ivision held on May 25th. The reports of the past year’s work, both practical and financial, were submitted, and considered satisfactory, after which the meeting was adjourned until the 28th. At the adjourned meet ing several matters were discussed which it is hoped will result in the efficiency of the brigade being maintained.

No. 12 (Irish) District.

The annual report of the Irish Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association (Leinster, Munster and Connaught) exhibit most satisfactory state of affairs. No less than 2008 awards were made during the 15 months preceeding the 31st December, 1918, including 126 to men and women on active service. During the period under review the Association has lost by death three of its most prominent members in vicePresident Sir Henry Arthur Blake, G.C.M .G., Dr. D allas Pratt and Mrs. Middleton Curtis. The finances of the Association are in a satisfactory condition and show a considerable increase in the cash balance of 1917. The new premises in Merrion-square, in which the A sso ciation is now comfortably housed, are well suited to the requirements of the various departments, being well lighted, roomy and commodious. Three various Committees in charge of after war work are now in full swing, and everything points to the increased usefulness of the brigade in this district. W e heartily congratulate S ir John Lumsden, K .B .E . on his return from the South of France greatly benefited in health by his sojourn there. Our congratulations are also extended to four of the most active workers— Assistant Commissioner W . G. Smith on his appointment as Esquire, Lady Corps Officer Mrs. Hignett, O .B .E., and Nursing Officer M rs. Barker as Ladies of Grace, and Nursing Officer M iss L. Overend as Honorary Serving Sister of the Order. Quite a number of Divisions are now in training for the annual Cup competitions to be held during the present month, a report of which we hope to include in our next month’s notes. The Joint V .A .D . Club continues to cater most successfully for its members. Some idea of its usefulness may be formed from the fact that during the month of May over 1,500 meals were served. Several D ivisions are utilising the club as a means of promoting the Social side of their work. At a recent tea party of City of Dublin (No. 2), M iss McCrea, the Commandant and joint hon. secretary of the club, was pre sented on behalf of the members, with a handsome set of Silver Serviette Rings on the occasion of her approaching marriage. M iss Crofton, Commandant City of D ublin (No. 2) succeeds Miss M cCrea as joint hon. secretary of the club. W h e n c o rr e s p o n d in g w i t h A d v e r t is e r s p le ase m e n tio n “ F ir s t A id ”

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GAZETTE. —

June, 1919

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

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M AY, 1919. T

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following appointm ents have H . R H . the G rand P ric r :—

been sanctioned by

5 D is t r ic t .

Corps Surgeon John Frederick Arlidge, L.R .C .P ., L.R.C.S., North Staffordshire Railway Corps, to be Assistant Commissioner for North Staffordshire, May, 1919. District Officer Arthur Dobson, M.D., to Acting Assistant Commissioner for the County of Derby, May, 1919. No. 6 D i s t r i c t . Thomas H all W insley Chambers to be Assistant Commis sioner for the North Riding of Yorkshire, May, 1919. No. 8 D i s t r i c t . Divisional Surgeon Cecil Pryor Lankester, M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P ., to be Acting Assistant Commissioner for the County of Surrey, May, 1919. No. 1 0 D i s t r i c t . Corps Surgeon James Francis Clark Hossack, F.R.C.S., to be Assistant Commissioner for the County of Suffolk, May, 1918. T h e C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No. 1 D i s t r i c t (Prince of W ales’s Corp). General Electric Co. Division.— Ambulance Officer Jack son in charge on transfer from the No. 10 St. M ark’s Division, 20.5.19. No. 73 Gray’s Division.— Stephen Floyd, M .D.,B.S.(Lond.), to be Divisional Surgeon, 1 6 5.19. Sergt. Ernest Fry to be Ambulance Officer, 16.5.19. No. 2 D i s t r i c t . City of Bristol Corps (F ry ’s D ivision).— Divisional Secre tary and Sergt. Alfred Sheppard to be Ambulance Officer, 22.5.19. Gloucester Wagon W orks Division.— Ambulance Officer W illiam Henry Palmer to be Divisional Supt., 1.3.19. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Leicester Corps.— M iss M ary E. Musson to be Lady Corps Supt., 26.4.19, vice Lady Corps Supt. M iss Margaret Noble, resigned, March, 1919. Kettering Corps (M idland Railway Division).— Sergt. George Robert Binley to be Ambulance Officer 24 5.19, vice D ivisional Supt. Jones, resigned. Northampton Corps.--Lady Divisional Supt. M iss Lilian Edith Mawby to be Lady Corps Supt., 28.5.19. Northampton Corps (Headquarters Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer M iss Kate Elizabeth Bradford to be Lady Divisional Supt., 22.5.19. No. 4 D i s t r i c t . St. Austin’s (W arrington) Nursing Division.— John Arthur Howard, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 21.4.19. Miss Dorothy Violet Rose to be Lady Divisional Supt., 21.4.19. Bootle Nursing Division. — A. S. McPherson, M.B., C.M., to be Divisional Surgeon, 16.5.19. Nursing Sister Anna Marie Clothier to be Nursing Officer, 16.5.19, Cammell Laird Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. A. M. Mackie resigned her appointment May, 1919, and is transferred to the Brigade Reserve List. Crewe Division.- -Divisional Supt. F. H. Oldham resigned his appointment, 9.5.19. Rawtenstall Division.— D iv isio n a l.Supt. J. W. Waterworth resigned his appointment, 22.4.19.

Cammel Laird Corps (Birkenhead Borough Division).— John W illiam M cFarland, M.B., B.Ch., L.M ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 27.5.19. Read Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister M is. May Swann to be Lady Divisional Supt., 22.5.19, vice M iss Jessie Walmsley resigned. Miss Annie Sagar to be Nursing Officer, 22.5.19. Oldham Corps (Failsworth Nursing Division).— Divisional Treasurer M iss Ethel Goode to be Lady Divisional Supt., 29.5.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. M rs. Dunkerley, deceased, Divisional Secretary Miss Elizabeth Ann Jordan to be Nursing Officer, 29.9.19. No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Denaby Main Corps (Denaby Main Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Mrs. Lavina Farrell to be Nursing Officer, 21.5.19, vice Nursing Officer Mrs. F. C. Brazier, resigned, 31-3 19Manningham Nursing Divison.— Lady Divisional Supt. M iss A. Smith resigned her appointment, 24.2.19. Manningham Nursing Division.— Miss Ethel Stephenson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 7.5.19. Nottingham Corps (City Nursing Division).— M iss Eliza beth Grain to be Lady Divisional Supt., 17.4.19, vice Lady D ivisional Supt. Miss Whitehouse, deceased. Miss Kathleen Davies to be Nursing Officer, 17.4.19. Annie Louisa Oldfield to be Nursing Officer, 18.4.19. Nottingham Corps (Great Northern Nursing Division).— Miss Clara Longley to be Nursing Officer, 7.5.19. Nursing Sister M iss Mary Packer to be Nursing Officer, 14.5.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss May Watson, resigned. Keighley Corps (Skipton D ivision).— Fred Cockshott to be Ambulance Officer, 6.5.19. Bradford Malta Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Chapman removed from the roll of the Brigade, May, I 9 I 9-

Bradford City Division.— Divisional Supt. A. Nicholson resigned his appointment, April, 1919. Ambulance Officer Rees to be in charge until the return of Dr. Bateson, approved by the Chief Commissioner, 13.5.19. Heanor D ivision.— Sergt. W illiam Annable to be First Class Sergt., as from 25.3.18, vice First Class Sergt. Bassett, resigned. Hebden Bridge Nursing Division.— Lady D ivisional Supt. Mrs. Smith resigned her appointment, May, 1919. Lincoln Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss M ary Ackenhead resigned her appointment, May, 1919. Sheffield Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Lady E llis resigned her appointment, May, 1919. No. 6 D i s t r i c t . Blackhall Colliery Division.— Divisional Supt. John Bolton resigned his appointment, May, 1919. Jarrow Division.— John Curry to be Divisional Supt., 5.5.19, H arry Hunting to be Ambulance Officer, 5.5.19. George Pugmire to be Ambulance Officer, 6.5.19. Armstrong Whitworth Corps. Thomas Gerald Rose to be Corps Supt., 9.5.19. George W illiam Nicholson to be Corps Officer, 9.5.19. Armstrong-Whitworth Corps (North Division).— Frederick Charles Sutton to be Ambulance Officer, 9.5.19, vice Ambulance Officer Mills, resigned, 9.2.19. Pelton Colliery Division.— Divisional Supt. R. Lawson re signed his appointment, May, 1919. Newcastle Transport Division.— Divisional Supt. R. S. Robson resigned his appointment, May, 1919. Ambulance Officer Forsyth to be in charge. Sunderland Transport D ivision.— Divisional Supt. A. S. Young resigned his appointment, May, 1919.

June, 1919,

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No. 7 D is t r ic t . Shrewsbury Corps (Shrewsbury Railway D ivision).— W . T. Carter to be Ambulance Officer, 6.5.19. No. 8 D is t r ic t . Hastings Corps (Hastings Nursing Division).— Miss Bertha W right to be Nursing Officer, 25.4.19. Maidstone Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. Martyn Lobb resigned his appointment, May, 1919. Brighton and Hove Corps (Brighton Division).— Percival H. M. W oodruff to be Ambulance Officer, 15.5.19. Arthur T. Tansley to be Ambulance Officer, 15.5.19. No. 9 D is t r ic t . Parkstone Nursing Division,— Divisional Surgeon Dr. Margaret Vivian resigned her appointment, 13.4.19. Burford Taylor, M.B., B.S., M .R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 8.5.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. M. Vivian, resigned. St. Stephen’s Division.— Sergt. Samuel G lanville to be Divisional Supt., 29.5,19, vice Dr. Barry promoted to District Officer. No. 10 D is t r ic t . Colchester Division.— Divisional Treasurer Horace Lee to be Ambulance Officer, 31.5.19. Sergt. H. Quinney to be First Class Sergt., 27.5.19. No. 12 D is t r ic t . City of Dublin Corps (Morgan Mooney’s Division).— Charles Holmes Denham, B.A., M.B., B.Ch. to be Divisional Surgeon, 29.4.19. N e w D iv is io n s . N o 1 D i s t r i c t ( P r in c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o rps). Enfield Nursing Division. — 16.5.19. In charge, M iss F. Fensom, 350 High-road, Tottenham. Gorringe Park Division.— 14.5.19. In charge, Dr. M cIntyre, Fernholm, Streatham-road, Mitcham. No. 6 D is t r ic t . Newcaslle-on-Tyne Corps.— Approved by the Chief Com missioner, 13.5.19. The following Divisions have been struck off the R oll of the Brigade by order of the Chief Commissioner :— No. 5 D is t r ic t . Birstal Nursing Division (Dewsbury and District Corps) disbanded, May, 1919. No. 9 D is t r ic t . Devoran Division May, 1919. D

e ath s

Ashington Coal Co. Corps (Woodhorn Division).— AmbuOfficer R. Scott, May, 1919. R

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Brown, Pte. R. E., Territorial Branch, M .H .H .R . Clark, Pte. W., Bothal, 19th Northumberland Fus. Collins, Capt. T „ Carl, Ashington, Army Ordnance Corps. Cosser, Lance Corpl E., Duke, Ashington, 7th Northumber land Fus. Davis, Acting Corpl. E . A., Bristol “ A ,” M .H .H .R . Garlick, Pte. F., Bulwell, 8th K ing’s Royal Rifles. Hancock, Pte. D., Territorial Branch, M .H .H .R . Jackson, Pte. R., North Ferriby, 1st East Yorks. Johnson, Pte. G., Duke, Ashington, 7th Northumberland Fus. Laycock, Pte. J. B., Horbury, R.A.M .C. Leighton,'Pte. H., Bulwell, 4th Lincoln Regt. Ord, Pte. H., Carl, Ashington, R.A.M .C. Park, 2nd Lieut. W., Ellipgton, R.A.S.C. Robinson, Pte. J. E., Ellington, 7th Northumberland Fus. Rouse, Pte. C. F., Carrington, 5/1 st Border Regt. Scott, Pte. F. E., Dunston-on-Tyne, R.A.M .C. Shaw, Pte. Bertie, Malton and Norton, 9th Highland L .I. W alker, Pte. H., Horbury, R.A.M .C. W ilkins, Pte. W ., Woodhorn, 7th Northumberland Fus. Wood, 2nd Lieut. C. P., De la Pole, Hull, 4th East Yorks.

AM BULANCE M

G A Z E T T E .—

il it a r y

e c o r a tio n s

Bannister, A., Senr., Res. Attd., (R .N .A .S .B .R .), Trawden, Bronze Medal (M edaille d’Honneurdes Epidemies). Hodgson, Pte. J. G., Littletown and Sherburn, M ilitary Medal.

St. John A

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W . A. King, appointed Commandant Kent 35. M iss A. Henderson, Commandant Leicester 4, resigned. Mrs. F. W . Brown, Commandant, Leicester 18, resigned. Mr. Blanco, appointed Commandant of Leicester 44. W. H. Kislingbury, Commandant Middlesex 15, resigned. M iss Emmeline Heatley, appointed Commandant of Salop 20, vice Mrs. Dugdale, resigned. Mrs. L. Northfield, appointed Commandant North Riding, Yorks 76, vice Mrs. Curry resigned. D

eath s

Smith, V.A .D . Nursing Member Patricia Glades, Malta N urs ing Division, Brigade Overseas.

T h e G r a n d P r i o r y of th e O rd e r o f th e H o s p it a l of S t . J o h n o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery o f the O rd er , St. fo h n 's G a te , C lerkenw ell, L o n d o n , E . C . , M a y 2Qth, i g i g.

The K ing has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n ig h ts o f Grace:

Surgeon-General Sir Neville Reginald House, V.C., K .C.B. General Sir Francis Reginald Wingate, G.C.B., G.C.V.O ., G .B.E., etc. Major-General Sir Robert Jones, C.B. A s L a d ie s o f G r a c e :

The Lady Leucha Diana W arner. Esther Georgina Caroline, The Viscountess Hambleden. The Countess of Gosford. Evelyn, Mrs. Barker, M .B.E. Dorothy Eleanor Augusta, Mrs. Hignett, O .B.E. Charlotte Jane Arbuthnot, Lady Lane. Edith Mary, M iss Rideout. M ary Frances, M iss Willett. A s E s q u ir e s :

Evelyn Graham Pixley. Edward M arlay Samson, C .B .E ., K.C. A s H onorary S e rv in g B r o th e r s :

Edward Blair Buchanan Boswell. W alter Smith. James Pole Hughson. Henry Dyson. Stephen Charles Donnelly. Leslie Hellon Bromley. John George Nattrass. W illiam John McNamara. Ernest James Ockleford. Ebenezer Corben. Charles Johns. Samuel Yates Saunders. W illiam Ledgard. Quintin Anderson Nicol, M .B .E . David John Francis. E d gar Samuel Bryan. Benjamin Rees. Major Owen Evans, R .A .M .C . (T .F .). Captain W illiam Henry Jones. George Payne.

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A s H onorary Serving' Sisters :

Anne Cecilia Elfgyva, M iss Walton W ilson, A .R .R .C . Florence W ilson, Mrs. Catcheside, A .R .R .C . Jeanie, M iss Galloway. M ary Hannah, Mrs. Croft. Jeannie, Mrs. Cornwall*. Margery Florence, Miss Hoyle. Anne, Mrs. Ratcliffe. Frances Mary, Mrs. Cockshott. Letitia L ily Anne Lethem, M iss Overend. Isabella, Miss Mulvany, L L .D ., L.S.A. Evelyn Constance Owen, M iss Leggatt, R .R.C. Ethelwyn, M iss Goldsman. Gertrude, E., Mrs. Lewis. Emma, Mrs.-Hughson. Ellen, M iss Sagar. W inifred Charlotte Edwina, Miss Berks. Laura Marie, M iss Audland. Carolina, Mrs. Dunbar. Dorothy Louise, Mrs. Bean. M ary Kathleen, Miss Harding. Margaret Dunlop, M iss Hay. Elsie, M iss Patchett. Florence Vernon, M iss Renny-Tailyour. Christine Jean, M iss Tait. Marian, M iss Todd. Ethel Mary, M iss Turnbull Smith. Rosamund Maud, Mrs. Waistell. M uriel Cressy, M iss Thompson. Norah S., M iss Worsley. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H onora ry A ssociates :

M ajor Arnold Woodford Izard, M.D., M .R.C.S., L.R.C.P., N.Z.M.C. Lieut.-Col. Herbert Edward Drake Brockman, I.M .S., C .I.E . Robert Joseph Weidner, M.B. Arthur Thomas Lakin, M.B. Major James Hugh Hamilton Dodds. Major Louis Francis Roebuck Knuthsen, M.D., R.A .M .C. Sir Evan Vincent Evans, F.S.A. M ajor Evan James Trevor Cory, M.D., R .A .M .C. (T .F .j. Vernon Hartshorn, O.B.E., M.P. D avid Llewelyn Davies, M .B., L.R.C.S., L.R .C.P. Cusack Roney Schofield, M.B., M .R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Stanley H arrison Lambert.

G e n e r a l L e t t e r o f th e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m it t e e to C o u n t y D ir e c to r s . D e a r S i r ,— I s e n d you the following for your inform ation:— D e m o b il is a t io n G r a n t to G e n e r a l S e r v ic e M em bers. W ith further reference to the J .V .A .D . 187, par 5, I beg to inform you that in issuing the order to the Com mands regarding dem obilisation benefits for general service V .A .D . members, the W ar Office omitted the words “ pro vided they have completed one year’s service,” which were in the original draft submitted to us and circularised to County Directors. A ccording to the present ruling all gene al service members who had been enrolled prior to N ovem ber n t h , 1918, are eligible for the benefits. G r a t u it ie s

N u r s in g V .A .D . M e m b e r s .

N ursing V .A .D . members who have served in m ili tary hospitals are entitled under the A rm y O rder to war gratuities provided they fulfill certain conditions. T h e necessary forms of application for these gratuities would under ordinary circum stances have been filled in by the matrons of the hospitals in which the members were serv ing before they were dem obilised, but there has been con

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

June, 1919.

siderable delay. T h e W a r sOffice has, therefore, requesed the Jo in t W om en’s Departm ent at 52, Grosvenor-gardens, to be responsible for filling up the necessary forms A .F .W ., 3165 and 3165a. I f any nursing V .A .D . members in your county apply to you for this benefit would you very kindly forward their application to La d y A m pthill. It will be as well to explain to all applicants that it will be some time before they receive their payments, owing to the delay which has already occurred. R e p a t r ia t io n . U n d er A rm y C o u n cil instructions 306 of 1919, the W ar Office has undertaken to repatriate nurses, V .A .D . nursing and V .A .D . general service members under certain conditions. I f you receive any applications for repatria tion from members in your county, w ill you very k in d ly forward them to Lady A m pthill. Both this arrangement and that referred to in the paragraph above have been made because the records of all m ilitary members are at the Joint W om en’s Department. F o rm C .D . 15. I should be grateful if form C . D . 15 might be sent in for hospitals that close, as soon after their closing as possible!

B o r d e r e in e H o s p it a l s . T h e M inistry of Pensions wishes to employ V .A .D . members in Borerline hospitals, i.e., hospitals treating dis charged soldiers suffering mentally, yet not certifiable as insane or even requiring restraint. T h e Central Joint Committee are prepared to allow V .A .D . members to work in these hospitals on the following conditions : no member under 30 years of age to be employed ; no member to be employed without the consent of her parents or relatives ; no V .A .D . member to be posted except with the written consent of her County Director, and if posted through the W om en’s Departm ent also by Lad y A m pthill. Com m andants should be instructed that in no case may they be allowed to post these members on their own authority. It is very im portant thaf any member posted for this particular work should be carefully selected and show the special qualifica tions necessary. T h e M in istry of Pensions have been inform ed to this effect. B l u e S t r ip e E x a m in a t io n s . N o blue stripe exam inations w ill be held after the signing of Peace. W a r S e r v ic e B a r s . N o W ar Service Bars can be earned after the signing of Peace, since the period of W ar will cease on that day. Y ours faithfully, C h ils t o n , C h ie f County D irecto r \

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y of W o r k fo r M ay T he work of the V .A .D . H eadquarters has been unusually

heavy this month in many Departments. A record is being com piled of all the work done by those V .A .D ’s who have been posted by Devonshire House, and this will naturally take several months to complete, as some thousands of members have been allocated to the hospitals both at home and abroad since the war begun. T h e N a v a l a n d M il it a r y D e p a r t m e n t reports that they have received 200 requisitions for members during the last month, most of the vacancies at the Q .A .I.M .N .S . H o spitals however have been filled by the M atron-in-Chief from members returning from service in

June, i gi g

— F IR ST

AID

THE

ST.

France. T h e Department have, however, posted 91 mem bers to M ilitary, N aval and W .R .A .C . H o spital and Sick Bays. M any of the official V .A .D . members who came from the Dom inions, at the invitation of the Central Joint Committee, are now being repatriated on demoblisation. M ilitary N ursing and G eneral Service Members, other than those forming part of official units, are being repatraiated by the M ilitary Authorities, the application in the first instance being forwarded through the official channels to the J.W ., V .A .D . Department. As we mentioned last month, members who have served in M ilitary H ospital, and who have been paid from the A rm y funds, are entitled to a gratuity, provided they have served for a period of at least one contract. A ll claims in connection with the gratuity are being dealt with by the J.W ., V .A .D . Committee, at 52, Grosvenor-gardens. N o member working in an A uxiliary H o spital is entitled to a gratuity. W e have great pleasure in recording that the H e ad of the Overseas Section of the G eneral Service Department, M iss M. M. Inness, has been awarded the R oyal R ed Cross of the 1st Class, and we take this opportunity of offering her our hearty congratulations. M iss Inness though a V .A .D . Com m andant, is a trained nurse and from October 1914 to October 1917 had charge of an A u xiliary M ilitary H o spital on the East Coast which was continually being raided all round, and finally had to be abandoned after an incendiary bomb exploded in the grounds. T h is Department, which was occupied at the beginning of the month chiefly with the dem obilisation of Overseas members, has been overwhelmed the last fortnight with a series of large requisitions from France. Some 300 mem bers have been sent for and are in process of being sup plied from amongst those who have returned from other overseas stations, those freed by the dem obilisation of various hospitals in E ng land and by the recalling up of d is charged members. It is hoped that these sources will supply all requirements. A great num ber of members who were "unable or unw illing to volunteer for duty in Constantinople have returned from Salonica and w ill auto m atically become available to fill some of the outstanding requisitions at the expiration of their leave. It is with great pleasure that we note with what good reports the majority of these members return. J

o in t

o m m issio n

e c t io n

A large num ber of Joint Com m ission members have been dem obilised from F rance during the last month, and nearly all the units have closed down. W ith the w ith drawal of the J.C . A m bulance Convoys, the General Service M otor U n its were asked to take on the work. T h is necessitated a very large increase in the G eneral Service Convoys and M otor D rivers are urgently needed in order to bring these units up to strength. T h e M otor Testing School has been re-opened and the M otor Departm ent has been very busy collecting the necessary num ber of drivers. T

h e

e lfa r e

epa r tm en t

states that there has been m uch less illness during May, only 16 members having been adm itted to the H o sp ital in Nottingham-place, 20 to Vincent-square, 33 to M illban k and three to Endell-street. T h ere has unfortunately been a case of Germ an measles at the H artsleap Convalescent Hom e, so we were unable to send anyone there for a fort night, but the H on. M rs. H e n ry G ladstone R in d le y came to the rescue and took two members into her Cheshire Hom e, where they received every kindness and care, for w hich we are most grateful.

JOHN

AM BULANCE

187

GAZETTE. —

T h e V .A .D . S c h o l a r s h i p S c h e m e Since our report last month rapid strides have been made with the V .A .D . Scholarship Scheme. In spite of the fact that the time lim it given for receiving of ap p li cations forms was the 31st of M arch these still continue to arrive at Headquarters, and it was therefore felt that it would be advisable to publish a notice in the Press definitely closing the list, and a notice duly appeared in the Tim es of M ay 13th stating that no further applications could be received after that date. In the case of members serving abroad who were unable, through no fault of their own, to send applications to us by the given time a cer tain amount of latitude has been extended. A lso in the case of members who did not receive the papers or any inform ation with regard to the scheme in time to enable them to com ply with the conditions laid down. On M ay 1st the first E xpert Committee met, the first o f the trainings to be considered being M edicine. T h e Com m ittee of the Scholarship Scheme were assisted by two ladies recom mended by the M inistry of H ealth, who are experts with regard to training in m edicine. T h e cand i dates who had been passed for final consideration by the E xpert Com m ittee had been requested to attend, and each one appeared before the committee. T h ey were of good standard, and ten were successful in obtaining a Scholar ship grant towards either fees or maintenance. T o most of those who were not successful in obtaining assistance towards this training, suggestions were made by the com mittee that should apply for training in some other branch of work included under the scheme. W e herewith append the successful names :— Barbara Fin ch , M in n ie Gosden, K athleen H o rn b y, Ftorence Isabel Irw in , Laura W inefred Sanders, W inifred K itty N eilson-K em p, Joan L y d ia Lush,, M argaret M ono Price, M argaret Angela R itchie, Beatrice Turner. It is hoped to hold the next Expert Com m ittee shortly dealing with candidates as W elfare Supervisors. It has been decided by the A rm y C o u n cil to issue the “ K in g ’s Certificate of D ischarge ” to members who have served overseas under contract with the W ar Office with an Expedition ary Force between A ugust 4th, 1914 and N o vem ber n t h , 1911, and relin quish their posts or been d is charged through disablem ent attributable to the action of the enemy and certified to have been caused or aggravated by m ilitary service, also to award the “ K in g ’s Second C e r tificate on d isch arg e ” to members who after receiving the first certificate have voluntarily served again and have again relinquished their appointm ent or been discharged as disabled in the ward under the same circum stances. H

on o urs

an d

w a r d s

W e have pleasure in announcing that the follow ing H o n o u rs have been awarded :— R o y a l R e d C ross— I s i C lass.

M iss M aude Margaret Inness, K e n t Reserve. 2 n d C la ss.

M iss E d ith Bertha M eesan, E ssex 40. M iss Joyce V icto ria Sarah W illiam s, H erts 16. M iss D orothy G ladys W ills, L o n don 66. W e regret to announce the deaths of the follow ing members :— M iss K athleen M any H o llis , H u n ts 14, who died cn M ay 13th at N o. 3 New Zealand H o sp ital, after an operatmn. M iss Agnes K . Albey, E d in b u rg h and M id lo th ian 14 B, S .J.A .B . M iss P atricia G ladys Sm yth, M alta N ursin g D ivision , who met with a serious accident and was taken to the C itadel H ospital, Cairo, where she died on M arch 4th.

CONTENTS E

THIS

Britain.

...

... 181

* *

... ...

... 182 ... 183

T h e r e is g o o d and grow in g reason, says the B ritish M edical Jou rn a l , to believe that o n ly a very small per

h e

St . Jo

h n ’s

a ze tt e

... 184 of ... 185 ... 186 to ... 186 ... 188 ... 189 ... 190 ... 191

suffer from any p erm an e nt disability, a n d that the o utlook

m bu la n ce

c e n t a g e o f the surviving gas casualties

—

Official Brigade News ... ... ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital St. John of Jerusalem in England ... V .A .D . Summary of W ork for A pril ... General Letter of the Joint V.A .D . Committee County Directors ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... Practical Points from the Textbook ... ... Action and Re-action ... ... ... The Danger of Neglecting Cuts and Scratches P

r a c t ic a l

o in ts

—

u e r ie s

a n d

n sw ers

... ... ... ...

o r r espo n d en ts

Artificial Respiration ... ... Tobacco Smoke in Insensibility ...

... ... .. ...

192 192 192 194

... ...

194 194

the war will

M a n y o f the after-effects o f gas-poisoning

are functional, i.e., the result o f pro fo un d disturb a n ce of the nervous s ystem — such , for instance, as the so-called D . A . H . , shortness o f breath a n d pain on exertion, spas m o d ic cough, etc.

F o r these con dition s lapse o f time,

cessation o f hostilities and treatm ent will alm ost certainly effect

co m p le te

how ever,

rem ain

cure.

C ertain

after e xposure

organ ic to

these

lesions

will,

asphyxiating

irritants, a n d the most prom in ent lesions

are tuberculosis o f lungs, ch r o n ic bronchitis and lmphysema.

*** O u r readers, e specially a m b u la n c e workers in India,

—

... ...

for these cases is, on the whole, m ore hopeful than was at o n e time feared.

gases or lung

A Curious Accident ... Pseudo-Internal Hfemorrhage First Aid with Discrim ination The Red Cross in Japan ... Q

—

epo r ts

No. I ; No. 2 ; No. 3 No. 4 ; No. 5 ; No. 12 T

said he b e lie ve d that these

...

The Red Cross League ist r ic t

T h e cha irm an

w ou ld b e the best salaries paid by a ny hospital in G reat

—

d it o r ia l

per a nnum .

NUMBER.

will be interested to kn o w that C o l o n e l R . J. B la ck h a m was created a C . B . B la c k h a m

in the B irt h d a y H o n o u rs .

is the only regular soldier on the

C o lo n e l a ctive

list

who is an A ssistant C o m m is s io n e r in the St. Joh n A m b u

B r e v it ie s .

lance

B r ig a d e

overseas.

has

brilliant record o f

service during the present war, as h e .h a s served on every D

the war, says the E vening Standard , a go o d

u r in g

front, been five times m e n tio n e d in despatches, and has

m any m o to r car owners ha ve p la ce d their services at the

been

d isposal o f the G o v e r n m e n t for R e d C ro ss work.

1 9 1 4 - 1 9 1 5 Star, a n d the F re n c h C r o ix de G u e rre with two

h a v e now been d e m o b lise d , and

They

o n e o f them w ho has

a w a rded

the

C . B .,

it was done.

n otice that his ser vices

w ou ld

C .M .G .,

the

D .S .O .,

the

palms and a star.

spent a g o o d deal in tim e and m o n e y on this form o f war w ork tells us how

the

***

First there c a m e a brie f not

required.

Then

service was held at St. J a m e s ’s C hurch,

m e m o r ia l

there arrived a c o m m u n ica tio n to the effect that the steel

Piccadilly , on J u n e 13th, in m e m o ry o f those members

h e lm et p ro vid ed as protectio n against shrapnel must be r e

o f the M o t o r T ra n s p o rt D e p a r tm en t o f the British R e d

turned, or a re m ittan ce for 18s. sent in its place,

C ro ss

F rom

lives

first to last there was no word o f thanks !

and

* * * V

isc o u n t

n u t sfo r d

ch a irm an o f the L o n d o n H o s

held on J u n e ^ t h , and in m o vin g the a doption o f the report o f the H o u s e C o m m it t e e , stated that at the p revious court h e was authorised to investig ate the s ub ject o f the salaries o f the nurses, with a view to their b ein g ad equ a tely and revised.

the

and the

O rd e r

war.

B is h o p

A s a result, the salaries had been

the

tablet,

friends

the

have

K ensington

m em bers

also

o f St.

John

Prebendary

tablet in their memory.

pital, presid ed at a court o f governors o f the institution,

p ro p erly rem unerated.

S o cie ty during

raised

w ho

lost

their

C ro n s h a w officiated,

un veiled

memorial

In a ddition to sub scrib in g for of

the

d e pa rtm e nt

and

their

m o n ey to e n d o w a be d at St.

T h o m a s ’s H o sp ita l. * * * Messrs. C u xso n , G erra rd & C o ., L td ., the well-known first aid specialists, o f O ld b u ry , B irm in g h am , have issued a

A p ro b a tio n er in her first year w o u ld receive

bo o k le t entitled “ A n O l d P illar C a s e ,” w hich shows how

^ i 2° , ar)d in her seco n d ^ 2 5 , whilst ward nurses w ould be

in the old days the old pillar case was k e p t h a n d y in the

paid £ 4 0 .

h o m e to be used in cases o f acciden t.

T h e p ay o f private nurses w ou ld be from ^ 4 5 ,

rising to £ 7 0 , a n d that o f ward sisters ^ 5 0 to ^ 9 0 .

few special a p p o in tm e n ts w ou ld be filled at salaries rang in g from ^ 6 5 y ea rs ’ service,

to £ 1 1 0 and over.

Nurses, after twenty

w o u ld r e ce ive p en sion s o f £ 6 0 to ^ 1 1 0

T h i s m e th o d has

now been sup erseded by the h a n d y little F irst-A id Cabinet, o f w hich Messrs. C u x s o n & G erra rd ha ve a g o o d variety, and they will be pleased to send a co p y o f their p rice lists and the b o o k le t to our readers.

— F I R S T

June, 1919.

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s f r o m

th e T e x tb o o k .*

C o n t r ib u t e d by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R ,

M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M .R.C.S., Eng Hon. A ssociate Order o f S t. J o h n ; Hon. Surgeon St. J oh n Am bulance Brigade j A u th o r o f “ A id s to F ir s t A id ,” &*c., &*c. ( C o n tin u ed from page i f 2. ) C

h a pter

II .

(Sk

ele to n

, F

r a c t u r es

, &

Page 4 1 . — It

must be realised that the T e x t b o o k classifies fractures in tw o gro u p s — according to the condition (1) o f a d ja ce n t tissues a n d (2) o f the b o n e itself. F o r this reason y o u may m eet with a co m b in a t io n o f both groups,

L i e u t . W. W. M c K i n n e y , N.Z.A.S.C. Hon. Serving Brother Order of St. John, Asst. Commissioner, S.J.A.B., Canterbury and West Coast District, New Zealand.

e.g., a c o m p o u n d , c o m p lica te d , c o m m in u t e d or a simple, im p acte d fracture. Page 4 2.— T h e signs o f fractures vary w ith the part involved — i.e., skull, trunk a n d lim b s — and so we have general and sp ecia l signs. A m o n g the form er pain, swell ing and loss o f power are constant but uncertain signs

* Lecture delivered to members of S.E. & C. Railway Ambulance Centre at Cannon Street Hotel, February 4th, 1919.

A I D . —

189

b e ca u s e th e y m ay be p re se n t with o th er injuries, w h e r e a s de fo r m ity (in clu d in g irregularity and shortenin g), m o b i li t y a n d crepitus are certain but inconstant signs o f a fractured limb. A m o n g the sp ecia l sign s— in sensibility, b le e d in g from lungs, gums, & c ., are ty p ica l exam ples. Page 4 5 .— F o r the large or sm all arm-slings o n e end o f the tria ngular ba n d a g e is passed ro u n d the n e c k to app ear “ over the shoulder o f the injured side,” w herea s for the St. J o h n sling (p. 55) it is p la c e d “ on the uninjured side." N o t e this ca re fu lly a n d start your sling c o rr e c tly if you wish to a vo id s u b s e q u e n t worries a n d mistakes. A l l kn ots w hether o f slings or b a n d a ge s are p la c e d on the injured side and c o v e r e d up w here possible. T h e broad b a n d a g e is the small arm sling. M o s t o f you k n o w t h is ; but m a ny o f y o u in yo ur p ractical work in co rrectly apply t he narrow ba n d a g e as the small arm sling a n d so fail to g iv e proper support to the limb. Furth er, the p a tie n t’s c o m fo rt re quires that the front e d g e o f the small arm sling s h o u ld e x a ctly c o in c id e with the root o f his little finger. Page 4 7 .— U n d e r the G e n e r a l R u le s in T r e a t m e n t o f F ra ctures instructions are g iv en to “ p lace lim b in as n atural a p osition as p o ss ib le .” T o d o this, re m e m b e r (1 ) that y o u usually ha ve the un inju red lim b as yo ur g u i d e ; a n d (2) that you must d o it— /., with great c a r e ; ii. , w ith o u t using a n y force, and Hi., w ith out letting go until the lim b is c o n tr o lled b y splints. Furth er, you must k n o w (or you will learn w hen you a tte m p t it) that this e xtension o f a fractured lim b (especially thig h bo ne ) is a m ost difficult p roposition ow in g to the s p a s m o d ic c o n tr ac tio n o f the irritated muscles, w h ich ca n in m a n y instances o n ly be o v e r c o m e b y the adm inistratio n o f ch lorofo rm . T h e T e x t b o o k allows y o u to a tte m pt e xtensio n with all fractures o f lower limb. Y o u must, however, n ev er pull on a c o m p o u n d fracture b e ca u s e (1 ) y ou r duties are lim ited to prevention o f further mischief, a n d you are n ot p erm itte d to u n d e rta k e the actual tre atm e n t o f a n y co n d itio n , save un der e xce p tio n al circu m s tan ces when life is at stake (e.g., A s p h y x i a ) ; (?.) active interference w ill increase the dangers o f haemorrhage a n d sh o ck, quite apart from the a ggravatio n o f the f r a c t u r e ; (3) special antiseptic precautions must be taken w ith c o m p o u n d fractures (m ore p articularly if either fragm ent p ro tude s)— both to co u n t e r a c t a ny existent and also to a nticip ate a n y s u b s eq u en t septic infectio n ; and (4) extension requires expert knowledge o f a n a t o m y a n d skill in the n ecessary manipulatio ns, w ithout w h ich it ca n n o t be efficient and is totally unjustifiable sin c e b o t h th e se are b e y o n d the most hig hly-train ed First-Aider. Page 48.— T h e a pp lica tio n o f b a n d a g e s to co n tro l splints or dressings “ firmly but not t i g h t l y ” requires e x perience, s uch as is p ro v id ed in B r ig a d e work. Some of y o u tie your b a n da ge s so lo o sely that you secu re no co n tro l o f the fracture, w hile others tie so tightly that the patient calls out in pain a n d begs to be released before many m in utes elapse. N o t e further that the T e x t b o o k here amplifie s its definitio n o f a splint (p. 42) with a third q u a lific atio n — i.e., w idth — in a ddition to firm ness and length. H e n c e for F r a c t u r e d F o re a r m (p. 60) it requir es “ broad splints.” Page 50.— It is truly a sto n ish in g ho w m a n y o f you forget to in c lu d e as e v i d e n c e o f F ra c t u r e d B a s e signs o f co n cu s s io n and co m p re s sio n w ith those o f haemorrhage, alth ou gh, in poin t o f fact, the latter m a y c o n c e i v a b l y be c o n sp ic u o u s by their a b s e n c e ! D o n ’t b la m e the T e x t b o o k b e ca u s e the form er signs are not sp ecifica lly m e n tio n e d u n d e r the fracture, but e xe rcise y o u r c o m m o n sense next tim e the questio n is asked. Page 5 1 . — W h e n a p p ly in g the ba n d a g e for F ra c t u r e d Jaw, d o n ’t let the turn of the b a n d a g e or the k n o t press on

— F I R S T

the fracture lest you cause increased pain to the patient. Otherwise, the position of the knot does not matter, as this w ill vary with the size of the patient’s head. P a ge 54.— F o r Fractured R ib s the large sling is neces sary even w hen the p a tie n t is recumbent , because it w ill help to keep the ribs at rest by controlling the muscles attached to the ribs and humerus. Further, if you in clin e the patient “ a little ” towards the injured side you allow greater freedom of movement to the uninjured lung. B y “ a little” I under stand a blanket folded three, or at the most, four times, and placed as a pillow lengthwise along the patient’s back. P a g e 5 5.— F o r Fractured Collar-bone, the book says “ remove tne coat, & c.” M any of you either forget to do this or fail to realise that it is the man’s brace which you want to remove because this is probably pressing on the broken collar-bone. Also, be sure to use a large pad (4 in. x 2 in. or if you like, the size of a pre-war bath bun), without which you cannot bring the two fragments of the collar-bone together. Lastly, tighten the sling and please remember to test the patient’s pulse for evidence of possible obstruction to the circulation. It is worthy of note that this fracture and a crushed foot are the only exceptions laid down in the Textbook, where we break the rule of not uncovering sim ple fractures. W ith Fractured Collar-bone this rare (and, to my mind, unfortunate) distinction in treatment is based on the diffi culties which it is supposed would otherwise arise and inter fere with the efficient application of the pad in axilla and with the removal of brace on the affected side. P a ge 58.— F o r treatment of Fractured Arm without splints, apply the two broad bandages (and add the words to R u le 3) “ above and below fracture.”

A I t). —

June, 1919

Page 64.— Th o ug h with Fractured Patella the lim b, as the book says, is usually quite helpless,” yet the patient may try to use the lim b and by m uscular action w ill cause further separation of the fractured limb. T h is you must prevent at all costs, and you do so by keeping the patient in a semi-recumbent position with the lim b fully extended and raised. A very common error in treatment is to place the knots of the bandages (w hich should control the patella) so far apart that they are useless for the purpose intended, whereas they should be placed as neat as possible to the knee-cap, which you know is a very sm all bone. Lastly, cold water dressings are soothing if applied on the broken patella, but most uncom fortable and practically useless if placed outside the trouser ! Page 68 .—-In treatment of Dislocations and Sprains remember (1 ) that cold water dressings require renewal after a short time because they become warm by contact with the body ; (2) that splints, & c., must be removed when you get your patient home ; and (3 ) that rest may be secured for an injured part by a bandage (e.g., eye, joint, & c.), by an arm sling (upper lim b), and by a splint (lower lim b )— but don’t overload a sprained jo in t with a heavy splint or forget the padding to fill out and support a dislocated joint. Note that for a Strained M uscle the Textbook (p. 70) breaks its own rule of using cold as first choice of local applications. {T o be continued).

A c t io n

and

R e a c tio n .

Page 59 — F o r Fractured E lbo w the treatment is very

elaborate and requires four bandages and a sling. T h e figure-of-eight bandage gives extra support to the rightangled splint, and should be applied as close to the elbow jo in t as the splints allow. M ost of you forget the final instructions of Textbook (R u le 6), which apply also to sprained joints (p. 69), and omit to remove splints and bandages “ on arrival at h o m e ” and to treat as if the frac ture had originally occurred indoors. B y the way, the new method of tying a right-angled splint (F ig . 25) differs from the old in the absence of diagonal turns of the controlling bandage, and for this reason is much less secure. P ag e 61.— I know no fracture, the efficient treatment of which proves more difficult than a Fractured Pelvis, the bandage being usually placed between ribs and pelvis, as though the student aimed at keeping the patient’s abdomen com fortable and warm. Yet, if you know the anatom ical points, no fracture is more easy to treat— in exam ination ! A tailoring suggestion, therefore, may assist. I f you examine the mouth of the side trouser pocket of your patient, you w ill find that the top of it usually (much depends on the tailor !) corresponds with the crest of the haunch bone and the bottom with the prom inence of the head of the femur. Place the broad bandage between these points, and you will not only control the fractured pelvis but you w ill also comfort the patient with the know ledge that no one can put a hand into his trouser pocket. Rem em ber that the pelvis may be broken by direct and indirect violence. P ag e 62.— F or Fracture of the Fem ur some of you insist on using a long inner splint, i.e., from fork to feet. Personally, I accept this as good treatment, though other examiners may not, since it is contrary to the Textbook, w hich reads— “ from fork to just beyond the knee.”

T h e spontaneous response made to the call for am bulance w orkers on the outbreak of hostilities was one of the out standing features of the war. T h e alacrity with which many thousands, young and old, made themselves efficient to render first aid to the sick and wounded or to minister to their needs in hospital was as rem arkable as was the consistency with which they followed up the work they had undertaken, and the unrem itting zeal and activity sustained during the whole period of the war. T h is continued effort, involving as it did in many cases great mental and physical energy, was not confined to the leisured classes for innum erable cases could be cited in which industrial workers have regularly sacrificed their well-earned leisure after a hard day’s manual toil in order to care for our sailors and soldiers “ broken in the wars.” M any of those who thus came forward and made themselves efficient in am bulance work had, prior to August, 1914, evinced little or no interest in the activities of either the St. Joh n A m bulance Association or the B ritish R ed Cross Society, and it was hoped that considerable numbers would be prompted to follow up the work when the need for their services in connection with the war was no longer pressing It is not altogether surprising, however, that reports received from centres throughout the country should refer to a pronounced relaxation of am bulance activities since the signing of the arm istice, but we trust that much of the excellent material who came forward and is now apparently taking a well-earned rest w ill not entirely relinquish interest in the beneficent work. Class secretaries and others will do well to speak a word in season and endeavour to check

J une, 1919.

— F I R S T

the deflection as m uch as possible by pointing out to their members the real need for am bulance workers that always has and always w ill exist in times of peace as well as war. N o argument will be needed to convince any thinking man or woman of the desirability of encouraging the acqui sition of am bulance knowledge by all sections of the com munity, and particularly among industrial workers in these days. T h e increased congestion of vehicular traffic in the streets of our towns and cities and the introduction of civilian flying, accom panied, as it must be, by accidents involving personal injuries, are additional reasons (if, in deed, any are needed) why all who can afford the time should equip themselves with the knowledge which will enable them to act intelligently in alleviating suffering, and possibly in saving the lives of their fellows by prom pt and proper action when emergency arises. It is in the natural order of things that a temporary cessation of enthusiasm in am bulance work should be m ani fested to-day among some of those who have been so fully occupied with it during four and a half years of war, but, nevertheless, no effort must be spared to re-awaken interest in am bulance work with the signing of Peace, in order that the movement, which is in it last analysis an interpretation of the G olden Rule, may revive for the good of m ankind.

AID. —

Probably you’re thin king it’s a wonder they haven’t kille d us all off long ago. H o w have we escaped ? W ell, the answer is that a healthy person doesn’t give them m uch chance. O ur bodies contain a large num ber of cells, whose duty it is to attack, destroy, and remove such harm ful in truders. W hen a m icrobe enters, it attacks these cells, and they, at the same time, strive to “ eat u p ” the microbe. T h ere is a fight between germs and cells. I f the cells are strong, healthy, and sufficient in num bers, they win and destroy the germs ; but if the germs get the best of it, they feed on the cells, attack the rest of the body, and set up disease. T h e great trouble is that m icrobes— once they get into favourable conditions— m ultiply at a stupendous rate. Some of them double their num ber in half-an-hour. I f you calculate what this means, it w ill astonish you. T a ke a period of 12 hours, and start with a single microbe. In half-an-hour there are two. Half-an-hour later these be-

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Scra tch e s. A n army of dangerous microbes, am bushed in in visibility, is always around you. These organisms are vastly more abundant than most people ever dream of. Practically nothing is free from them. On this page— now, while you are reading it— there are possibly more of them than there are printed letters ; and in the air between your eyes and the page there are scores of them. T h ey are distributed everywhere in Nature. T h ey cling to the surface of every substance and float about in the atmosphere. O rdinary drinking water contains 500 or so per cubic centimetre, which is equal to about 16 drops. W ater taken from the R iv e r Tham es has been found to hold as many as 92,000 per cubic centimetre. A fair estimate for the air is, roughly, 100 to 400 microbes per cubic yard. In garden soil they are tremendously abundant, and here it is that the type w hich produces tetanus (lock-jaw ) flourishes. Th ere are a considerable num ber of separate types of these organism s— having different forms and different natures, and producing different effects. T h ey are too sm all to be seen without a powerful microscope. A n inch-long lin t of them might contain anything up to twenty-five thousand. T h e ir ptesence is the more readily detected by the results of their activity.

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come four, and so on. In four hours there are 236 ; in eight hours 6 5 ,5 3 6 ; in twelve hours 16 ,777,2 16 .

It goes without saying that you cannot keep clear of them. T h ere are too many of them. T h ey are falling from the air on to your flesh and your clothing every minute, you come in contact with them on everything you touch, and every breath you take carries some into your lungs. It is calculated that in a lifetime a person inspires something like 25,000,000 of them.

A n d what are “ favourable c o n d itio n s” for the de velopment of m icrobes ? T h e organism s staphlococci and streptococci (Figs. C and E in the accom panying illustra tion), which are plentifully distributed in all our surround ings, find a suitable breeding ground in any little cut or scratch of the skin, where, at blood heat, they may actively m ultiply and m anufacture a poison w hich is most harm ful in its effects. T h e seriousness of adm itting one or more m icrobes depends largely, of course, upon the sort of fight the body cells set up. T h e trouble may am ount only to inflam m ation or cause septictemia, gangrene, or even death.

A n d one, mark you— just one— is capable of doing such m ischief as might easily prove fatal.

On A p ril 10th, M r. W . E. Blake, Superintendent of the

192

— F I R S T

L in e , M e tr o p o lita n District a n d L o n d o n E le c tr ic Railways, w hen atte n d in g a b re a k d o w n fell and grazed his leg.. M ic r o b e s entered the w ound, and septic pois on ing resulted. T h e leg was a m pu ta ted, but un fortun ately Mr. B l a k e lost his life. O n F e b r u a ry 24th, w hen a G re a t W e stern platelayer was cuttin g willows, the h o o k he was using slipped and the point w ent throu gh his b o o t and cut his ankle. T h e injury was slight at first, but m icrob es w ere there a n d did their d e ad ly work. T h e p oor fellow died. A fireman at W e st E a lin g, on M a rc h 20th, struck his t h u m b with a ham m er, slightly b re a kin g the skin. On M a rc h 26th a porter at G e r r a r d ’s C ro ss p ric k e d his hand with a nail. N e ith e r o f the men, at the time, took any n otice o f the little injuries. Se p tic p o ison ing follo w ed in both cases. A t C le v e d o n , on A p ril 5th, a porter, lo adin g cases, scra tch e d a finger. T h e w o u n d afterwards b e cam e septic. T h e en d o f a p iece o f wire p rick ed the leg o f a Signal D e p a r tm e n t labou rer on A p r i l 17 th. T h e sam e day an engin e cleaner at G lo u c e s t e r scra tch e d his finger with a split-pin. L a t e r reports sh o w ed both men suffering from septic p o is o n in g . Blisters fo rm ed in the han ds o f a platelayer at Bath , throu gh usin g a spanner, and o f a ca rriage c le an er at C a rm a r th en , from using a ca n e for beating cushions. A w eek or so later they both had “ p o i s o n e d ” hands.

T h e o n ly safeguard against septic p o iso n ing is a w hole skin.

AID. —

June, 1919.

of the patient and onlookers was extreme, and I experienced great difficulty in carrying out further investigations. When, however, after several minutes I succeeded in pacifying all concerned, and asked to see the vomited matter, I was amused to find that it consisted of stale beer and tomato juice, including portions of tomato skin ! I was able, therefore, to reassure my patient, who immediately recovered from his “ sho ck” and resumed his contest.— J. S., Broad-street.

ir st

-A

w ith

is c r im in a t io n

Summoned recently to a street emergency I found an elderly man holding on tightly to a gate and surrounded by a large and very sympathetic crowd. He told me that he had had a fit and that he could not move his left leg, which he was holding out behind him — quite rigid and flexed at the knee joint. When 1 tried to persuade him to lie down on the pave ment so that I could examine the limb, he gave a point blank refusal. After much persuasion I succeeded in overcoming his objections and in making a thorough examination. Finding nothing abnormal, 1 suspected Hysteria, especially as I noted a strong smell of alcohol. The patient now started a “ convul sive attack” which so excited the sympathy of the crowd that I did not dare to voice my opinion. In fact I did not know how to deal with the case until a bystander asked me what I intended to do. Then in a flash I saw my chance and replied, in the hearing of the patient, “ that I had sent for the police stretcher and proposed to remove him to the police station without delay. “ I ’m d d if you do,” said the patient, as he staggered to his feet and went reeling down the road on his way home. At this I smiled serenely, and the crowd quickly and silently scattered.— B. A., Cambridge.

m icrob es

w hich

ca use

I f the skin is b r o k e n — no matter h o w slightly— get im m e d ia te anti-septic treatment. N e v e r n eglect even the sm allest cu t or scratch. Ask yourself, “ Is it safe ?” — B y co u rte sy G. W .Ry. Magazine.

Jractical Joints.

L eice ste r V . A . D . co m p etitio n s were held at L eicester on M a y 3 1st, the C o u n t y D i r e c t o r ’s Sh ie ld bein g won by L o u g h b o r o u g h D e ta ch m en t.

A writer in a provin cial paper suggests that a brass tablet, with a suitable insc ription s h o uld be put up on houses lent as H o s p ita l during the war.

T h e new H e a d q u a r te rs a cq u ire d by the E x e t e r Co rps were o p en ed last m o n th a n d a m o to r a m b u la n c e has been p resented to the C o r p s by the R e d Cross.

T h e E d i t o r in v it e s N o te s on a c t u a l C a ses — w it h s p e c ia l re fe re n ce to g o o d a n d b a d fioin ts i n

T r e a t m e n t — *or in c lu s io n i n t h is C o lu m n .

u r io u s

c cid en t

During my training for the Army I once saw a curious accident. One morning a man, who held in his rieht hand a small bomb detonator, was about to open a door preparatory to going out of a room. At that very moment another man came rushing in and flung open the door, the handle of which struck the detonator and caused it to explode. Fearing haemorrhage, I at once went to my friend’s assistance and was astonished to find that— although the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers were completely blown away— yet bleeding was conspicuous by reason of its total absence ! The incoming man escaped all injury, having been protected by the interven ing door.— A. E. H., Hampstead.

seu d o

-In

t e r n a l

aem orrh age

Being on duty recently at a Boxing Exhibition, I was urgently summoned to a competitor who was reported to be vomiting blood. I found him lying on his back— fully con scious ; face, pale ; breathing, normal ; pulse, weak— and com plaining of intense pain in the pit of his stomach. The panic

T h e L o n d o n A m b u l a n c e S e rv ice is likely, if a report o f the F ire B r ig a d e C o m m it t e e o f the L o n d o n C o u n t y C o u n c il is adopted, n o longer to ha ve a m e dical man as its officer in charge. ;

T h e Im p e ria l W a r M u s e u m w hich is in process of formation is to in c lu d e a “ R e d C i o s s ” section, as the authorities re cogn ise that a M u s e u m repre sentative o f w ork during the war w o u ld be in co m p le te w ith out it. Six first aid^lectures for men a n d w om en will be given by Dr. J. M . Carvell, M . R . C . S . , on J u n e 19th, 26th, July 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th, at 7 p.m., at 4 1, Tothill-street, W estm inster. F ee , 4s., in clu d in g exam. H o n . Sec., Miss B a d d e le y , 87, C ado gan-gardens, S .W .

W h en p le a s e

c o r r e s p o n d in g

m e n tio n

w ith

“ F ir s t A id .”

A d v e r tis e r s

June,

— F I R S T

(919

AID. —

J 93

T h e W a v e r le y W a y or

sending: o u t i m p o r t a n t S p e c i a l i s t B o o k s f o r Free Exa m ina tio n , and the W averley System o f c o n v e n i e n t p a y m e n t s o u t o f i n c o m e w h il e t h e B o o k s are b e i n g used, is fre e ly a v a ile d of

By Professional & Business Men & Women all over the Kingdom.

F ree E x a m in a tion w it h o u t c h a r g e e v e ry

“ THE

N u rse

SCIENCE

w ho

o r o b lig a t io n

w a n ts

AND ART

keep

OF NURSING”

fo r o n e f u ll w e e k a t H o m e o r in H o s p i t a l o r w h e r e N u r s i n g a C a se

w ith ou t cost o r ob ligation to ord er an yth in g. You m a y r e a d t h e e x p e r t s e c t i o n s a n d e x a m i n e t h e helpful illu stra tio n s w ith o u t spending a penny.

D e s c rip tio n in

V ie w

is U n n e c e s s a r y

o f th is

Miss Thorne,

fastens, Limpsfield : — “ I think the books are really worth having, and shall certainly recommend them to my friends.”

F R E E O ffe r.

M is s L. E . C o nstan t, Bayston Hill, Shrewsbury: “ lam more than satisfied with the books.”

M is s S. F . Ross, Spilfeather, Ingatestown : — Finsbury, Wiltshire: — “ I received the books safely to “ It is just the kind of work I day, and find them quite up-to- wanted to have, and I think it is date. Thanking you for same.” most beautifully got up.” Miss Edith Huniett,

D o n ’t O r d e r t h i s

w ork on th e s tr e n g th our buyers say.

of w h a t

G e t it F R E E a n d e x a m in e it f o r y o u rs e lf .

SEND OFF THE FREE FORM NOW. ^ W e could not afford to m ake this offer of

FREE EXAMINATION if the w ork were not

o r d e r a n y t h in g

u p -to -d a te

is o f f e r e d

her

p r o f e s s io n ,

S t u d y th e s e S e c t io n s t o r a W eek— F R E E . A H IS T O R Y O F N U R S IN G : The Law relating to Nurses and Nursing— Training Schools and Nursing Institutions— Nursing as a Vocation—The Relation of the Nurse to Doctor and Patient— Hospital Management— The Work of a Hospital Probationer— Nursing in Poor Law Institutions— Army Nursing— Male Nursing. T H E T H E O R Y O F N U R S IN G A N A T O M Y : by D r. R ussel How ard. P H Y S I = O L O G Y : by D r. Bosanquet. B A C T E R IO L O G Y : by D r. S la t e r — Elementary Pharmacy— The Elements of Public Hygiene, Air, Water, Soil, and the Physical Condition of the People. T H E P R A C T IC E O F N U R S IN G : Personal Hygiene for the Nurse— Signs and Symptoms of Disease as observed by the Nurse— Practical Details of Nursing— The Nursing of Phthisis— The Nursing of Chest Affections other than Phthisis—Surgical and Accident Nursing— Nursing of Infectious Diseases— The Nursing of Tropical Diseases— District Nursing— The Nursing of Light, X-Rays, Heat and Electricity Cases—The Nursing of Nervous Diseases—Nursing Sick Children— The Nursing of Orthopaedic Cases. G Y N A E C O L O G IC A L N U R S IN G : The Nursing of Heart and other Affections. M E N T A L N U R S IN G : I. Theoretical, by D r. Percy Hughes— I I . Mental Practical Nursing of the Insane— The Care of the Aged— Sick Room Cookery. M A S S A G E : The Nauheim or Scott Treatment. M ID W IF E R Y : The Pelvis—The Organs of Generation— The Ovum — Pregnancy— Normal Labour— Obstetric Diagnosis—The Puerperium —Antiseptics— Puerperal Sepsis— Prolonged Labour— Uterine Inertia — Slow Dilation—Contracted Pelvis—Abnormal l ’resentations— Multiple Pregnancy— Post-partum Haemorrhage— Interrupted Preg nancy— Ante-partum Haemorrhage— Eclampsia— Rupture of the Uterus— Pulmonary Embolism— Complications of Pregnancy— Drugs and Appliances— Abnormalities of the Infant. M O N TH LY N U R S IN G : Pregnancy and Preparation for Confinement— Care of the new-born Infant— Glossary— Index

T h is F o r m b r in g s it to y o u F R E E .

To the Waverley Book Co., Ltd.,

7 , 8 & 9, Old B a ile y , LO NDON, E .C . 4. D ear S irs ,— Please forward to me, carriage paid, “ T H E S C IE N C E AND A R T OF N U R S IN G ,” complete in four compact volumes, on APPRO VAL, for Seven Days’ F R E E Examination, without charge or obligation. It is understood that I may return the work on the eighth day after I receive it, and that there the matter ends. If I decide to keep the books, I agree to send, on the eighth day, a First Payment of 2s., and, beginning thirty days after this First Payment, 12 further Monthly Payments of 4s., thus completing the purchase price. P ric e fo r C ash , 46s NAM E................................................................................................................................................. A D D R ES S .................................. ......................................

all we s a y it is. F.A.G., 1919.

S ta le i f the above A d d ress is P e rm a n e n t.

— FIRST

1 94

T h e R e d C r o s s in J a p a n . B y C o l . R . J. B L A C K H A M , C .B . C .M .G ., C .I.E ., D .S O. M .D ., M .R .C .P ., D .P .H , M id d le Tem ple B arrister at Law. A Special M em ber of the Japanese R e d Cross. A s far back as 1877 during the rebellion in the SouthW estern provinces of Japan, an association was founded under the name of H akuaisha or Benevolence Society, for the purpose of caring for the sick and wounded at the seat of hostilities, without distinction as to the colours under which they served. T h is Association worked under the authority of the Com m and'er-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Forces, and rendered valuable assistance to the M edical Corps of the Im p erial Japanese Army. W hen the insurrection had been brought to an end, the Benevolence Society was formed into a permanent organisation and set to work to prepare for the carrying out of relief measures in time of war. In 1886, when the Governm ent of Japan subscribed to the Geneva Convention, the association decided to strengthen its foundations with a view to enlarging it scope ; and in accordance with this resolution in 1887 its name was changed to “ T h e R ed Cross Society of Japan.” At the same time various m odifications in it regulations were introduced, and the Society after consultation with the International Com mittee of the R ed Cross at Geneva entered into sisterly relations with sim ilar societies through out the world. D urin g the wars of 1894-1895 and of 1904-1905, and during the present war, relief staffs have been despatched to various places in the theatres of war to help in adm inis tering relief to the sick and wounded. T h e Japanese R e d Cross is now a legal corporation founded under a R oyal Charter, in conform ity with the provisions of the Im perial C iv il Code. It is under the direct patronage of the Em peror and Em press of Japan, and the Presidency of the Society is held by a Prince of the Im p erial Fam ily. T h e Society conforms to the decisions of the In te r national Conventions held at Geneva in October 1863 and Ju ly 1906, and also to the principles of the international treaties concluded between Japan and the various powers concerning R e d Cross W ork. It is under the direct control of the A dm iralty and W ar Office, and the M inisters of the A rm y and of the Navy regulate its work in relation to (a) training its personnel, (b) preparing its relief stores and (c) its schemes and organizations for assisting the M edical Services of the A rm y and the N avy in time of war. These M inisters may also, on the application of the R e d Cross Society of Japan, delegate officers of the M edical Departm ent o f the A rm y or M edical Officers of the N avy to the hospitals of the R e d Cross Society for the purpose of assisting in m edical exam inations and treatment of patients and also in training R ed Cross personnel. T h e Japanese W ar Office and A dm iralty are em powered to (1 ) sanction the uniform s of the R e lie f Staff of the R e d Cross Society of Japan and to allow the members of that staff to wear swords, (2) at any time despatch G overnm ent Officers to the R e d Cross Society to examine its properties, books, and other documents, (3 ) order the Society to report on all the conditions of its work. M em bers of the R e lie f staff of the R ed Cross Society of Japan during the time they are engaged in the m edical

AID.—

June, 1919

services of the A rm y or Navy, are subject to the discipline o f the Services, and are under obligations to obey the orders of the M ilitary and N aval Authorities. In time of war, personnel and supplies of the Japanese R e d Cross are placed on the same footing as those of the m ilitary and naval services with respect to transportation by government railways. W hen employed by the medical service of the A rm y and N avy in time of war, all adm inis trators, m edical men, pharmacists and superintendent women nurses of the R e d Cross are graded as officers of the Arm y or of the N avy ; clerks, assistant-pharmacists, head women nurses, head attendants and head stretcherbearers, are graded as non-commissioned officers; and women nurses, attendants and stretcher-bearers are classed as private soldiers. Lodging, food, vessels, carriages and horses for the use of personnel of the R ed Cross Society, when employed by the medical service of the Arm y and Navy, are supplied by the Government. ( To be continued.)

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Q u e rie s w i l l be d ea lt w it h u n d e r the fo llo w in g r u l e s : — / . — L e tt e rs c o n ta in in g c o rn e r of

Q u e rie s m u s t be m a rk e d on the top le ft h a n a

the en velope “ Q u e r y ,”

a n d a d d re sse d —

F ir s t Aid,

46 , C a n n o n -s tre e t, L o n d o n , E . C . 2 . — A l l Q u e rie s m u s t be a c co m p a n ie d by a “ Q u e ry C o u p o n ” c u t )ro m the c u r r e n t is su e o f the J o u r n a l, o r i n case o f Q u e rie s f ro m a b ro a d f r o m a re ce n t issu e. 2. — T h e T e x tb o o k , tp w h ic h re je re n c e m a y be m ade i n these co lt.m n s, is t he R e v is e d ( i g / f ) E d i t i o n o f S . J . A . A . M a n u a l o f F i r s t - A i d .

r t if ic ia l

e s p ir a t io n

B. C. (Margate) asks what is the precise object of Artificial Respiration in cases of suffocation. Artificial Respiration aims at causing forced entry of air into the lungs in im itation o f natural breathing. T h is is accomplished by certain movements, which produce alternate expansion and contraction of the chest walls and, consequently, of the lungs themselves, and results in stim ulation of heart and circulation, purification of the blood, and r e v iv a l o f the brain centres, especially those of circulation and respiration.— N. C

o r bet

le tc h e r

obacco

m oke

s e n s ib il it y

M. F. (Barbican) invites criticism on a press cutting in which the reported use of tobacco smoke is commended as a new method— “ unknown to the police ”— for restoring a fainting person. The use of tobacco smoke for this purpose is an old time popular fallacy. An insensible patient, however, requires as much fresh air as you can obtain for him because h is v ita l functions are at a low ebb. So what possible good can result from fouling fresh air with tobacco smoke ? Further, I note that the girl in question “ recovered consciousness in a moment and was instantly on her feet.” In view of this fact, I suspect that the attack was more in the nature of a hysterical fit than of a true faint, for which reason the irritation of the tobacco smoke was perhaps, in her case, good and effective treatment.— N. C. F.

— F I R S T

June, 1919.

FACTORY&WORKSHOPWELFARE

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A I D. —

A S

BANDA6ES DRESSINGS EYE DROPS EYE PADS S P L IN T S SWABS ET6..

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ST ER ILISE R S STRETCH ERS TABLES

ETG.,ETe..

H M

W r it e f o r

Catalogue

FIRSTAID

J A M E S W OOLLEY SONS&Co Ltd Victoria Bridge. MANCHESTER

SEPTIC WOUNDS

CA BIN ETS IRRIGATORS

FIRSTAID!

T F

0 R

Uniforms, Belts and Pouches, Haversacks, Waterbottles, Stretcher Slings, Etc., etc.,

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S E DB Y :— R E G U L A R L YU Royal N avy.

tODEXl

ESTIMAT ES AND SAM PLES ON AP PLICATION.

FOLLETT & CO., 4 , V icto ria A ve n u e , B ish o p sga te, L o n d o n , E . C . 2 . Telephone:

Royal Arm y M edica Corps. B r itis h Red Cross Society. Croix Rouge Francaise,

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M E N L E Y & J A M E S , Ltd., 1 /3

39, F a r r i n g d o n R o a d ,

LONDON, E .C.1.

C o n t ra c to rs to H . M '. G o v e rn m e n t.

A v e n u e 54 69 .

B est F ir s t

A id

and

Uniforms and Equipm ent

W ash fo r W o u nd s.

Uniform Clothing & Equipment Co B E S TA N DC H E A P E S TH O U S EINT H ET R A D E . Latest Pattern Khaki Uniforms a Speciality. C o n tra cto rs f o r : — S t. Jo h n A m bulance B rig a d e ; B rit is h Red C ro ss, & c .; O fficers and P riv a te s; also fo r A rm y , N avy, Police and F ire B rigades. SEND FOR PRICE LIST AND PATTERNS TO I—

P ric e s and S a m p le s on request.

Uniform Clothing & Equipment Co. (F R B D

EV A N S,

P r o p r ie to r ;,

16,

NILE

C IT Y

ROAD,

STREET, LONDON,

N. 1.,

and at 6 , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , and 8 4 , M ILLE R S T R E E T , GLASGOW .

6 , O le r k e n w e ll Q re e n , F a r r i n g t o n R o a d , LONDON, Telephone—No. 2353 Holborn. Telegrams—"Evans, Clerkenwell Green, London.

V a s t m odern facto ry resources, added to a c e n tu ry 's experience, enables us to su p p ly F ir s t A id and a ll other S e rv ic e s w ith u n ifo rm s and e q u ip m e n t of g u a r a n t e e d m ate rials, w o rk m a n s h ip and fin is h — at prices that c h a lle n g e c o m p a ri son w ith a n y other c lo th in g of equal q u a lity .

E.O

196

— F I R S T

June, 1919.

AID. —

M AN UALS

In War and Peace ASEPTO efficiency,

BANDAGES have proved their they have been used by the R ed

Cross in all theatres of W ar, and are found in

F I R S T - A I D , &e.,

A ID S

Third Edition.

F IR 8 T -A I D . Post free, 7 d .

First*Ald Simplified and Tabulated, witb Aids to Memory.

“ Col. S ir James Cantlie contributes an introduction and we endorse his gooa opinion 0/ the book." —L a n c e t .

A ID S T O H O M E -N U R S IN G . Second Edition. Price 7 d . , post free. Home-Nursing Simplified and Tabulated, witb Aids to Memory.

“ This book w onderfully simplifies a complex subject and should be read by aL s t u d e n t s —L. & N . W. Ry. G a z e t t e .

WHY

the am bulance stations and first aid cases of some of the largest industrial firms in the country.

By N. CORBET F LE TC H ER , B.A., M.B ., B . C . ( C a n t a b ) , M.R.C.S

AND

W HEREFO RE

Third Edition.

F IR S T -A ID .

Price 7d . t post free.

Difficulties in Study and Treatment solved by Question and Answer.

“ We commend this book to Lecturers and Students who w ill fin d it o f great serviee." — F i r s t A i d .

E F F IC IE N C Y

F iR S T -A I D .

Post free, is . a d .

Problems in Study, Treatment and Examination solved for Senior Students. “ W ithout doubt the book w ill be o f great service in the tra in in g o f those fo r whom it is designed."— B

H IN T S

FOR

r itis h

M e d ic a l J o u r n a l.

H O S P IT A L

O R D E R L IE S .

Post free, 7 d.

Orderly Duties Simplified and Tabulated, with Aids to Memory.

A most eom fact brochure w hich contains much useful information ."— P r e s c r ib e r .

Am bulance men only need to try them to be convinced of their merits.

T h ey can be ap

plied to a wound in a few seconds and do not require pins, plaster or scissors. different sizes from 2 / 6

F IR S T

CARVELL,

A ID

HOME

T H E

4 6 , Cannon

C O .,

S t ., L o n d o n , E . C . 4 .

Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member 01 S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted lor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) S p e cia l te rm s n o w — half fees—to members of S.J.A.B., &c. Apply (stam p) t o M r . J. E. W a l d e n , Sec., W estminster College (Lady Dispensers Section of the W estminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874), 1 12 , S t . G e o r g e ’s R o a d , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

EXCEPTIONAL

12 pp. Folder.

(40th thousand).

Paper, 2 d.

Cloth, 4d.

(16th thousand).

Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2 d. Cloth, 4 d. COM PLETE

M A N IK IN .

Systems of Body accurately indexed. Invaluable to Students of Anatomy, Medicine, First-Aid and Allied Subjects. Price 25. net; postage, 2d. TH E

TR IA N G U LA R

BANDAGE:

Its Application AcGurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams. By

P O S T A LIN S T R U C T IO Nin “P R E S C R IP T IO N R E A D IN G ” an d “E L E M E N T A R Y D IS P E N S IN G .”

L .S .A .L o n d .

N U R S I N G IN F E W W O R D S . B y th e S a m e A u th o r . TH E

FULL PARTICULARS FROM A SEPTO B A N D A G E

M .R .C .S .,

IN F E W W O R D S . B y t h e S a m e A u th o r .

With Coloured Diagrams.

M ade in five

doz., postage extra.

A vade-mecum for the Ambulance Worker. F. cap. 8vo. Post free, I s. 2d.

HOW ARD

Dem onstrator

PRESTON,

116 Illus. THE

the

Price, is . net; postage 2d.

Polytechnic.

R OLLER BANDAGE. B y t h e S a m e A u th o r

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 162 Diagrams. Price, is . net; postage, 2d. F IR S T -A ID

A N A TO M IC A L

D IA G R A M S .

Thirteen on Roller. Post free, 3 s. 6d. net. Each Diagram separately, 2 d. 5, 6 and 14 (coloured), 6d. each. No.

HUM AN B O D Y .— S H O W IN G P R E S S U R E P O IN TS . TH E

A R TE R IE S

Price, 6d.

Coloured.

W H O L E A R T O F B A N D A G IN G . By T H E K L A B O W S E R , F .J .I . C a n t l i e , F.R.C.S. Illus. Post free,

Introdmction by J a m e s

i s . 2d

OPPORTUNITIES

A R E O F F E R E D BY T H E

S A N IT A R Y T R A IN IN G C O LLE G E, 335, H ig h H o lb o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .I., O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, Weights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors, Maternity and Child W elfare Workers, Dispensers, Relieving Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personal and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and First Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost.

O R S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval. — Follett, 4, V ctoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

Q U ER Y

“ F IR S T A ID ” and R E P L IE S CO U PO N .

T o be cu t o u t a n d enclosed w ith a l l Queries J u n e , 1919.

JO H N

BALE,

SO N S

D A N IE L S S O N ,

L td ..

83-91, G r e a t T iteh fleld S tr e e t, London, W .

T \ T) Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark • t l e X i . # J D e Grey cloth, to measure, £ 3 19s. 6d. Quotations for other equipment on application. W rite for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse. O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 16s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

M B U L A N C E Competition for the “ R ayn o r” Cup— open to all E ng land — will be held at Bolsover on Saturday, August 9th ; Gold and Silver Medals. Further particulars, apply E. J. Revill, hon. sec., 34, Hornscroft-terrace, Bolsover, near Chesterfield.

R O D S W O R T H Main Division, Doncaster.— The Sixth Annual Ambulance Competition (open) and Brass Band Contest (open) will be held in the Pavilion Grounds, W ood lands, on Saturday, August 9th, 1919. The “ Thellusson” Challenge Cup and ,£12 in prizes will be competed for in Ambulance Competition ; Challenge Cup and 4 Gold Medals and £25 in prizes will be competed for in Brass Band Contest. — Particulars from L. Nutton, 101, The Park, Woodlands, Doncaster,

FIRST AID —

A N D

T H E

—

St. John Ambulance Gazette.

VOLUME XXVI. (N o .

3 0 1 , J u ly , 1919, to

N o . 312,

J u n e , 1 9 2 0 ).

LO N D O N ' D ALE,

REYN O LD S

CO.,

t d

46,

CANNON

STREET,

E .C .

INDEX. I

Army Council’s Thanks to the Red Cross, 43 A ir-Raid Certificate, 46 Australian Medical Congress for Queensland, 103 An Amazing Story, 105 Alexandra Dock Team, 184 American Red Cross First Aid Instruction, 186 B B r e v it ie s , 10, 25, 40, 56, 74, 90, 104, 122, 137, 156,166, 185

Inter-Railway Competition Tests, 138 “ Iglodine,” 145 L, League of Mercy, 60, 92 L

D Death of Sir John Furley, 57 is t r ic t

No. „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ ,,

r d er s

:—

1— 2, 18, 34, 50, 66, 82, 98, 114, 130, 146, 162, 178 2 - 1 9 ,5 1 ,6 7 ,9 9 3— 2 ,3 4 .5 1 ,6 7 ,8 2 ,9 9 4— 34, 68, 83, 99, 114, 130, 162, 178 5— 2- 19, 34. 51, 68, 83, 99, 114, 146, 162, 179 6 - 1 9 ,8 3 ,9 9 ,1 1 5 7-----8— 8 3 ,1 15 ,14 7,16 2 9—19 10— 3 5 ,8 3 ,9 9 ,1 3 1 11 —68 12— 3 ,5 1 ,8 4 ,1 1 5 ,1 3 1 ,1 8 0

th e

d it o r ia l

:—

Ambulance W ork on Peace Day, 17 Agreement Order of St. John and the British Red Cross Society, The, 49 Agreement and the St. John Ambulance Brigade, The, 65, 81 Ambulance Competitions, 145 Brigade Reorganisation, 129 First A id Instruction in America, 177 Home Service Ambulance, 1 Joint Council Agreement and the St. John Ambulance Brigade, The, 161 Joint Council’s Appeal, 177 Long Service Medal, The, R.N .A.S.B. R., 33 R.AiM .C., The, 1 Red Cross Hospitals, 33 Red Cross Fund, The, 97 St. John Ambulance Brigade Report, 1918, 17 Voluntary Hospitals, 113 Efficiency Cup Competition, The, 108 F Factory F irst Aid, 28 First Aid Under Difficulties, 35 First Aid and Ambulance at Factories and Workshops, 124 H Hospital Ships, 66

:—

M Medallion Awards, &c. to Persons Serving with the Forces, 42

E E

d it o r

A ir Raid Medals, 147 Alterations of Text-Book, 190 Brigade Medal, The, 13 Song, 30 „ Nursing Uniform, 62 First Aid to Permanent W ay Men, 138 „ Aid Window Card, 139 Naval Volunteer Reserve Long Service Medal, 46 On Night Duty, 13 Oldest Serving Members of the Brigade, 93 Practical Points from the Text-Book, 13 Red Cross in Japan, The, 46 Song of the St. John Brigade, The, 61 Service and Victory Medals, 107 ,, Medals, &c., 139 Text-Book Required, A, 107 „ Revisions, 108 Who Pays for the Taxi-C ab? 138

C Commemoration Banner for Chester Cathedral, 24

e tter s

N Nightingale Florence Medal, 180 N.S.W . Government Railw ay and Tramway Ambulance Corps 184 P Practical Priory of Pipe and Practical P

Points from the Text-Book, 7, 26, 41, 58 St. John in Wales. 76 Drum Band of the No. 12 (Irish ) District, 108 First Aid, 121, 131

r a c t ic a l

o in ts

Curious Accident, A, 28 „ Fatal Accident, A, 55 Choked by a Toy Balloon, 136 Discipline Without Discrimination, 76 Efficiency in First Aid, 3, 28, 108 Family overcome by Fumes, 187 Fatal Poultice, 147 „ Mosquito Bites, 44. First Aid in M id-Air, 55 Frostbite, Treatment of, 187 Home Dangers of Gas, 84 Home Dangers of Electricity, 84 Hysteria in an Infant, 136 Inefficiency in First Aid, 44 Justifiable Interference, 115 Killed by Plum Skin, 76 Laudanum Hoard, His, 44 Multiple Fractures, 55

111.

I N D E X .

Masking of Signs of Asphyxia, 84 „ Signs of Fractures, 174 Man Drowned in Wheat, A, 115 Multiple Minor Misfortunes, 187 Need of First Aid, 147 Practical and Efficient First Aid, 115, 136 Rare Complicated Accident, A, 3 Suffocated in a Fit, 115 Uses of First Aid, 28 W alking Hemiplegia, 84, Woman Drowned in a Bucket, 136 Q Q

u e r ie s

an d

nsw ers

o r respo nd en ts

Alcoholic Collapse, Treatment of, 188 Alcoholism, Treatment of, 174 Ambulance Duty Hints, 109 Antidote for Opium, 140 Arterial Bleeding and Fractured Patella, 44 Artificial Respiration, 12, 151 Arterial Bleeding and Crushed Foot, 142 „ „ and Fractured W rist, 142 Alteration in Text-Book, 188 Bandages for Fractured Legs, 126 Competition Howlers, 140 Compound Fracture of Ribs, 142 „ Complicated Fracture of Humerus, 158 Complicated Fracture of Ribs, 142 Carbolic Acid, 148 „ „ Poisoning, 158 Crushed Hand Arterial Bleeding, 188 Detailed M arking Sheets, 126 Dressing Bandage for Shoulder, 93 Dressings for Burns, 12 „ for Wounds, 12 Diagrams of Germs, 12 Ethics of First Aid, 126 Electric Shock Treatment, 140 Fracture of the Femur, 29, 142, 158 „ of the Knee-Cap, 29 „ of Scapula, 93 Fractures of Thigh and Leg, 77 „ of Clavicle and Ribs, n o , 158 Fractured Base of Skull, 90 „ Clavicle and Capillary Bleeding, 188 „ Spine and Arterial Bleeding, 188 Home Office Order, 189 „ „ Orders for Ambulance Equipment, 174 Haemorrhage and Fractured Ribs, 140 Hernia, Treatment of, 29 Injury to Elbow, 140, 142 Iodine Poisoning, Treatment of, 174 Indications for Artificial Respiration, 189 Injuries to Internal Organs, 189 M orphia Poisoning, Treatment of, 188 Methods for Lifting, 140 Methods for Artificial Respiration, 142 More Ambulance Duty Hints, 109, 126 Narcotic Poisoning, 158 Objects of First Aid, 140 Practical Points from the Textbook, 13, 29, 90 Prussic Acid Poisoning, 77 Practical First Aid,' 140 Qualifications of First Aider, 158 Signs of Concussion, 62 Shock from Abdominal Injury, 77 Shock, Treatment of, 62 Syncope, Treatment of, 93 Septic Finger, Treatment of, n o Strained Muscles, Treatment of, 158 Transport of Fractured Spine, 158 Use of Amyl Nitri.e, 44

Venous Htemorrhage and Fractured Leg, 140 W earing of Medals, 189 R Red Cross fn Japan, The, 11 Railway Ambulance, 60, 105, 123, 150 Railway Ambulance Competition, 92 Red Cross in W ar, The, 106, 120 Railway and Brigade Competitions, The, 167 R

e v ie w s

:—

Aids to First Aid, A Compendium of, 103 Care of Children, The, 138 Dispensing First Lines In, 43 Indian Manual of First Aid, 174 Pocket Guide in F irst Aid to Poisoning, 78 Pye’s Elementary Bandaging and Surgical Dressing, 78 Popular Chemical Dictionary, 103 Pocket Guides to First Aid Treatment, 174 Prim er of Tropical Hygiene, 187 Sutherland’s J. F. First A id to Injured and Sick, 155 S S.E. & C. Railway Ambulance Competition, 9 Smith, S. Maynard, Esq., C .B .F .R .C .S ., 43 St. Andrew’s Ambulance Association, 59 Sheffield Corps, Saturday Night A ir-R a id and Convoy Duty Squad, 91 S.J.A .B. Overseas, 105 Staff-Sergeant Instructor A. J. Matthews, 105 Stretcher Sling, A New, 186 St. John Ambulance Association, 82 S t . Jo

h n

m bu la n ce

a z e t t e

:—

Brigade Long Service Medal, 31 “ Dewar ” Challenge Shield, The, 135 First Aid Film , 23 Fete at the Botanical Gardens, 55 Future of the Scottish V .A .D .’s, 103 General Letter of the Joint V.A .D . Committee to Country Directors, 23, 38, 72, 89, 165 Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England, 22, 71, 87, 118, 134, 150, 164, 183 Grants of Scholarship, 54 Majesties Garden Party, Their, 21 North Staffordshire Corps, 103 Northern V.A .D . 39 Official Brigade News, 4, 20, 36, 52, 69, 85, 100, 116, 132, 148, 163, 182 Order of St, John and the British Red Cross Society, 52 St. John W ar Service Badge, 22 Training of Disabled Nurses, 73 V .A .D . Summary of W ork for June, 6 V.A .D . Summary for September, 54 „ „ October, 72 „ „ „ November, 88 „ „ „ January, 191 „ „ „ February, 134 „ „ „ March, 150, 165 „ Scholarship Scheme Department, 72, 120 „ Ladies Club, 135 „ Re-union Lunch, 87 Women’s V.A .D . Notes and News, 183 V Voluntary Aid Conference, 75

W W ork of the S.J.A.B. in London D uring Peace Celebrations The, 27 W igan Coal and Iron Co.’s Ambulance Competition, 76 Y

Yorkshire Collieries Ambulance League Competition, 189

iv.

I N D E X .

Illu s t r a t io n s . Redruth Ambulance and Nursing Division, 19 Commemoration Banner for Chester Cathedral, 24 Felixstowe Division on duty During Peace Celebrations. 35 Sheffield Corps’ Saturday Night A ir R aid and Convoy Duty Squad, 91 Pipe and Drum Band of the No. 12 (Irish ) District, 108 The St. John Ambulance Brigade Lincoln Corps Roll of Honour, 179 No. 12 District S.J.A.B. Inspection, 181 Alexandra Docks Team, 184 A New Stretcher Sling, 186

o r t r a it s

:—

S. Maynard Smith, C.B., F.R .C 'S ., 43 The late Sir John Finley, 57 Staff Sergt. Instructor A. J. Matthews, 105 Small Ambulance Room, Fig. 1, 124 Ambulance Room Converted from a Cottage, Fig. 2, 125 „ „ „ into Separate means of Folding Screen, Fig. 3, 125

Rooms

The Fine ambulance of the Bundalberb Division, Queensland, 107 *

F IR ST AID AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

A M BULANCE

GAZETTE.

Edited by ARTHUR B. DALE. N o. 3 0 1.—

o l

XXVI

NOTICE

JULY,

Its aim and object being the advancement 01 Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement ar.d also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (n o t n e c e s s a rily fo r t u b lic a t io n ) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers, td

[3/6 P k ^ L I c m E P o s t “

I t has been suggested that a fee o f is. 3d. per mile s h o u ld

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

[E n u r e d a t S ^ c n . r : ' H a l l . )

c o u n t y to operate and con tro l the a m b u la n c e s in e ach area.

READERS.

D A LE, REYNOLDS & CO.,

19 19 .

be c h a rg ed for the use o f an a m b u la n c e , the C o u n t y D i r e c tor or co n tro llin g co m m itte e h avin g p o w er to remit the charges in cases o f e m er ge n cy , or w h en the c ii c u m s t a n c e s o f the patient m a ke it desirable.

In fectio us cases m ay be

ca rried at the re q uest o f the local authorities, w ho must be re spo n sible for the c h a rg e and for the efficient d isinfecting o f the a m b u la n c e after use.

S u c h a s c h e m e as this sh o u ld

link up the w hole c o u n try with a m o to r a m b u l a n c e service, a n d should be o f in estim able benefit to the c o m m u n ity , e sp ecially in rural districts, w here at present no ava ilable means o f transport o f the sick or injure d exist.

46, C annon St r e e t , L ondon, E.C. 4.

W e wish

the s c h e m e eve ry success.

T e le g ra p h ic A d d r e s s : “ T w e n t v - f o u r , L o n d o n ." T e le p h o n e N o . 5 4 7 7 B a n k .

E D ITO R IA L

The R.A.M.C.

the

early

days

the

war

the

R . A . M . C . was l o o k e d upon as a “ safe jo b .”

T h i s illusion by recent events has

been entirely dispelled, E r the R . A M . C A

Home Service Ambulance,

sch em e

War

was in augurated by the Join t

Com m ittee

w h er eb y

so m e

while

back

the m o to r a m b u la n ce s which

were presented to the C o m m it t e e for the war sh o u ld be

used, after

o f r,3oo.

T h e e n o rm ou s ca s u a lly lists o f the presen t war

soon c o n v in c e d military a uthorities that the M e d ic a l C o r p s sh o u ld atte n d to the w o u n d e d as soon as th e y c o u ld be brought from the scen e o f battle.

It was sho w n that the

had

sooner a w ou nd can be c le a n e d o f dirt, pieces o f clo th in g

work,

carried by the bullet, and other foreign matter the less the

mainly in co un try districts, throu ghou t E n g la n d , W a les and

dang er o f infection and the greater the ch a n c e for ultim ate

Ireland.

re covery.

c o m p le t e d their war service, for civil

schem e;

they

during th e war suffered r 1,667 casualties, with a de ath roll

am bulance

R a p id progress is now bein g m ade with allo tm ents

o f a m bula n ce s,

totalling

this

207, have

been m a d e to 76 counties, a n d several others are in a b e y a n ce ow in g to lo cal reasons.

O u t o f the 207 cars allo tted

74 ha ve already been d elivered in first-class condition.

has been the e n d e a v o u r o f the C o m m i t t e e to place these a m bula nce s at stations a b o u t 30 miles apart,

T h i s m ade it n ecessary to s en d the R . A . M . C .

with the troops g o in g “ over the t o p ,” a n d to establish field dressing-stations near the front-line trench es. T h e i r s was n o easy task ; t h e y h a d to a d v a n c e un d e r the sam e hail o f shells, a n d l o n g after the battle, w h en line troops were resting, they had to c o n tin u e their w o ik , ca rin g for the sick and w ou n d e d .

T h i s war has tau gh t us that

so that a

the R . A . M . C . has h a d to share the dangers and hardships

T h e am

as the line troops, a n d entirely d is p e lle d the o ld illusions

bulances are un de r the con trol o f the C o u n t y Director, and

that the men of the R , A . M . C . w orked in safe p laces b t h i n d

it is h o p e d that a s m a ll c o m m i t t e e will be set up in each

the lines after the fighting h a d ceased.

patie nt will n ot be m ore than

15 miles distant.

— FIRST

i ‘

Srtud Triorg of the 6rd«t of the Kospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in Snglaud.

IP * Jf ft , “

AM BULANCE

DEPARTM ENT.

JThe S t. John .Ambulance Srigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

No. 1 District. C

o m m issio n e r

AID. —

July, 1919.

20th. Officers and candidates for promotion to officer’s rank are invited to attend. SERGEAN TS’

AND

CO RPO RALS’

C LA SS .

The next meeting in connection with this class, will be held at the Merchant Taylors’ Schools, on Wednesday, August 13th. Members holding these ranks and those applying for promotion to those ranks, are invited to attend. (S igned)

-------

W . H. W IN N Y ,

Commissioner.

W . H . W IN N Y , O .B.E.

H e a d q u a r t e r s :— S t . J o h n ’s G a t e

Clerkenwsll E.C. A U G U S T , 1919. Sunday D uly, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 3rd.— No. 64 Division, Y.M .C.A. „ 10th.— No. 30 „ East London. „ 17 th .-N o . 74 „ City of London Mission. „ 24th.— No. 76 „ Limehouse. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. PEACE

C E L E B R A T IO N S .

By the time these lines are in print, the duty undertaken by the No. 1 D istrict in connection with the Peace Celebra tions, will be a matter of history. At the time of writing before the duty, judging from the returns which are coming to hand, about one thousand mem bers of the Brigade in No. 1 District will be on duty in the tnoinia along the line of route for the march of the Allied i'roops. It is proposed that the majority of these members shall tak urther duty during the afternoon and evening in the Royal Pat ; where the Peace celebrations, no doubt involving huge crowds, will continue to after midnight. Marquees will be erected, and every precaution taken to deal with cases that may arise. The Commissioner wishes to express his apprciation of the way in which members have responded to the call for duty, not only on this occasion, but on the other numerous occasions which the closing period of the war with its many demonstra tions and military marches has involved. The occasions and the number of cases treated, have been numerous. D E M O B IL IS A T IO N O F M E N F R O M H .M . F O R C E S , O T H E R T H A N T H E B R IG A D E R E S E R V E S . Officers and Members in charge of Divisions should ascer tain as promptly as possible when members of their Divisions, who have been incorporated in the units of the Navy and Army, other than through the Brigade Reserves, are demobi lised. Hitherto, men serving either in the Navy or Army, have been allowed to count the time in these Forces towards their efficiency in the Brigade, but when demobilised, this privilege will at once cease. Members who receive the rank of Sergeant or Corporal in the Regular or Territorial Forces, will be allowed to carry this rank in the Brigade on their return to civil life. This does not apply to Volunteer Forces at home. CHANGES

ADDRESS.

Officers and Members in charge of Divisions should notify the Commissioner of any change in their addresses, for record at Headquarters. C O M B IN E D D R IL L . A combined drill will be held in the Merchant Taylors’ Schools on July 26th at 3 p.m., dismiss a 5 p.m. It is hoped that as many members as possible will attend, in order to ob tain the benefit of the instruction given. Members not possess ing uniform should parade in mufti. O F F IC E R ’S

T R A IN IN G

COURSE.

The next meeting in connection with this course will b e held at the Merchant Taylors' Schools, o n W e d n e s d a y , August

IM P O R T A N T

N O T IC E .

Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r .

No. 3 District. O l n e y . — A meeting of the Finance Committee was held at headquarters on Thursday, July 3rd, W. E. Pebody in the chair. After the business had been transacted Mr. J. Whitmee rose and stated that on behalf of the Committee he wished to congratulate Supt. W right on completing a quarter of a cen tury of useful public work. H is work was greatly appreciated, no sum of money could adequately pay him for all he had done. The Vicar and himsef had been to a few friends and they had collected a sum of money— not as a payment, but to show their appreciation of his work. He asked Supt. Knight to accept a wallett containing thirty guineas. The Rev. S. H. Smith heartily endorsed the remarks of Mr. Whitmee. Supt. Knight said the present had been the surprise of his life and words failed him to express his thanks to the Com mittee for their handsome gift.

No. 5 District. D e w s b u r y . — Peace Pageant. The Nursing Division and members from Ravensthorpe were on parade from 1 p.m. until after proceedings were over on July 14th. Mrs. C. Mi'.chell being in command. The Nurses stationed in various parts of the town and had charge of two tents in the Park— one being for lost children. About 100 cases were attended to, consisting chiefly of fainting, while one or two were more serious.

S c u n t h o r p e . — The members of the North Lindsay Iron District D ivision paraded on June i6tb, 1919, at headquarters and marched to Brumby Hall. Supt. M cIntosh was in charge, and there was a good muster. Mrs. C. P. W illiam s, of Brumby Hall, had kindly undertaken to present the various awards gained by the members, many of whom have only returned from active service in the R .A .M .C. N aval and Sick Berth Reserve and other units. Mrs. W illiam s expressed her pleasure at seeing so many Brigade men, and voiced her appreciation of the splendid work that had been done by the members, both in their civil and m ilitary capacity, and trusted the work would be carried on as efficiently and enthusiastically in the future as it had been in the past. Mrs. W illiam s, with a few appropriate words, made the presentations. The honour of receiving the M illard Challenge Cup, 1918, for individual work fell to Pte. C . Nicholson, who is temporary holder, and to him was given a prize of the History of the Order of St. John. Supt. M cIntosh voiced t h e t h a n k s o f t h e D i v i s i o n t o M rs.

W ill i a m s for h e r k i n d n e s s in m a k i n g th e p r e s e n ta tio n s .

July, 1919.

— F I R S T

AID. —

N o . 12 (Irish) District.

The Annual Joint Inspection and Competitions of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the British Red Cross Society were held on the 13th and 14th June in the Square of the R .I.C . Depot, Phcenix Park, the Inspecting Officer being Colonel W. Edgeworth-Johnstone, C.B., Chief Commissioner D.M . Police. The inspection was under the command of Sir John Lumsden, K .B .E., Director-in-Chief, assisted by Assistant Commissioner W. G. Smith, Esquire of the Order ; District Officer A. L. B. Moore, S.J.A.B. ; Assistant County Director R. Peacocke, M.D., B.R.C.S., Lady Dist. Supt. Dr. E lla Webb, M .B.E., Lady of Grace S.J.A.B.; Lady Commandant in Chief Lady Shaw, Asst County Director Mrs. C. F. Cooke, B.R.C.S, Hon. Serving Sister; Asst. Co..Director M iss M. Shaw, B.R.C.S., Hon. Serving Sister. The Irish Women’s Ambulance Challenge Cup was won by Harcourt Nursing Division Team :— Nursing Officer Beth Irwin, Nursing Sisters Doris Hodgins, W ilfred Jacob and Evaleen O’Kelly. T his Nursing Division also won the “ Middleton Curtis ” Cup with the following team .— Miss Beth Irw in (capt.), E . O’Kelly, M. O’Kelly, W . H all, W. Jacob, W. Hodgins, J. Barry and Mrs. O’Shea. Lady Divisional Supt. Aileen O’K elly is to be congratu lated on the efficiency of the Division. The Dublin Ambulance Cup was won by the City of Dublin Ambulance Division with a total of 267 marks out of a possible 300. The Cup Team, which was under the direction of Divisional Supt. F. J. Horne, consisted of Ambulance officer G. W . Belton, Sergt. P. J. Cassidy, Sergt. H. McCamley, Corpl. R. L. G ulliver and Lance-Corp. W. P. Pearson. T his team had a rather remarkable experience during the recent street trouble in Dublin over a proclaimed meeting, in which several policemen were shot. The disturbances occurred just outside the premises of the Irish Autobomile Club, where the team was practising in view of the Cup competition. On hearing the firing the members rushed into the street, where they found a policeman shot through the back. H aving arrested the bleeding they fastened a large pad on the wound by means of triangular badges before removing him to hospital in the ambulance. In connection with the assistance rendered by the team on this occasion it is only fair to put on record the following letters addressed to Divisional Supt. Horn. From Colonel Edgeworth-Johnstone, Chief Commissioner of Police, Dublin Castle :— “ I beg to express my appreciation and that of the Dublin Metropolitan Police Force to the members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade (Dublin Division) for the prompt and effective assistance rendered to our wounded men on the 6th inst, when they were fired at and wounded by members of a crowd at St. Stephen’s Green, which had the effect of easing their sufferings at the time and in hastening their recovery afterwards.” From Surgeon H arry Meade, St. Vincent’s Hospital “ W ill you convey to your men my appreciation of the efficient manner in which they carried out first aid in the recent shooting affray at Dawson-street.” An unique opportunity was afforted to the visitors to the June Show of the Royal Dublin Society to learn something of the post war working of the Brigade. In the Show Grounds at Ballsbridge a dressing station was equipped under the direc tion of Corps Supt. James H. Webb and Lady Corps Supt. Mrs. Shanks, where several cases, principally of collapse, were attended. Nursing Sisters and Ambulance Men in uniform were in continuous attendance during the four days of the show, and their assistance was much appreciated by the authorities and the public.

W h en

c o r r e s p o n d in g

p le a s e m e n tio n

w ith

“ F ir s t A id .”

A d v e r tis e r s

^practical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases-w ith special reference to good and bad boints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

a r e

o m p l ic a t e d

c c id en t

Two men recently met on a Cornish cliff and fought a battle with their fists, the result being that one of them was knocked down and sustained fractures of nose, three ribs and some minor injuries. Afterwards he stood up, walked home, and fo u r days later was unexpectedly found dead in bed. At the inquest medical evidence was given that death was caused by concealed (internal) haemorrhage due to p ie rcin g o f the heart by a fractured rib consequent on patient endeavouring to get out of bed. N .B .— T his recalls a sim ilar case reported in these columns in July, 1918, though in the latter instance the patient died suddenly two days after an accident from tearing o f the arteries between his ribs by displaced ends of some broken ribs. P. S. St. Ives. E

ffic ie n cy

ir st

-A

Recently a man fell and broke his right collar-bone in the early hours of the morning when no material could be obtained. So with the patient’s help I removed his coat, cut the top seam of his vest over the injured shoulder, pulled the right sleeve of coat inside out and rolled same up into a pad, which I applied under the armpit. Then utilising the brace (which I had pre viously removed by pulling off the shoulder), I passed this round the tip of the elbow and applied it as a transverse body bandage. Next, I improvised a sling by slipping the patient’s fingers inside his vest and shirt, and treated for shock by wrapping the coat round his other shoulder. Finally, I removed my patient to hospital, where I was congratulated upon my effi cient improvisation and treatment. A. J. M., New Cross.

T e a -d r in k in g seem s to ha ve orig in a ted in C h i n a : a n d the C h in e s e , a c c o r d i n g to Pro fesso r K i n g , in his “ F arm e rs o f F o rty C e n t u r i e s ,” d r a n k it first as a sanitary m easure, h a vin g fo un d that boiling

their

w ater s a v ed th e m from

typh oid , a n d afterw ard a d d in g tea-leaves to m a k e the b o iled water palatable.

Dr. R . A . G o rtn o r , o f the U n i v e r s i t y o f

M in n e s o ta , says : “ U n d o u b t e d l y disease w ith the C h in e s e, as with eve ry o th er people, was o n l y re g a rd ed as the a ct o f d e m o n s or a visitation o f the gods.

m y mind, ca use

a n d effect were s o m ew h a t as follows :— ( 1 ) T h e drinkingwater was u n d o u b t e d ly p o llu te d , a n d ty p h oid , cholera, dysen tery, etc., were e n d e m i c . (2) C e rta in families or clans fo un d that a pleasin g b e v e r a g e c o u l d be m a d e by stee pin g the leaves o f the tea-plant in h o t water w ith the result that they dran k very little, i f any, o f the p o lluted waters w ith out previously bo iling it. (3) T h e i r n eigh bo urs or n eig h b o u rin g co m m u n itie s o b s e r v e d that these families or clans w h o dran k tea had relatively little disease as c o m pared with the non-tea drinkers, a n d as a result the custo m o f tea-drinking spread th rou gh o u t the land, n ot b e c a u s e o f the b e lie f that b o iled w ater p re v e n te d disea se a n d tealeaves m o dified the insipid taste o f the b o iled water, but b e c a u s e the infusion o f th e tea-leaves pea se was l o o k e d up o n as a m e d ic in e sp ecific for th e p r e v e n t io n o f the pre valent diseases.”

— FIR ST

THE

A ID

ST.

THE

ST.

JOHN

JOH N

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

July, 1919.

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. O ffic ia l

B r ig a d e

N e w s.

J U N E , 1919. T h e C h i e f C o m m is s io n e r has san ctio n e d the following app o intm ents, prom otions, transfers and resignations :—

No. 2 D is t r ic t . Cheltenham Corps.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. Arthur Barrett Cardew, M.B., B.S., F .R .C .S , to be Corps Secretary, 17.6.19. Gloucester Wagon W orks Division.— Sergeant Charles Clement Morris to be First Class Sergt., 21.5.19. Cheltenham Corps (Friendly Societies D ivision).— Rev. Charles Cousens Fetch, M.A , to be Divisional Supt., 17.6.19. City of Bristol Corps (Packers Division).— Robert Alex ander Clarke to be Divisional Supt., 18.6.19, vice Divisional Supt. T. Crawford piomoted. City of Bristol Corps (Redland D ivision).— Ambulance Officer Alfred Cooke to be Divisional Supt., 18.6.19. No. 3 D is t r ic t . Leicester C o rp s— Nursing Officer Miss Margaret H arris to be Lady Corps Secretary, 4.6.19, vice Lady Corps Secretary M iss Mary Musson promoted. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Baurnville Nursing Division). — Nursing Officer M iss Florence Dunscombe to be Lady D iv i sional Supt., 4.6.19. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Oratory Nursing Division). — Divisional Secretary and Nursing Officer Miss G. Cox to be Officer in charge, 4.6.19, vice M iss Grainger, promoted. Northampton Corps.— Acting Corps Supt. Adnitt to be Corps Supt, 21.619, vice Corps Supt. Major A. Rice, re signed. No. 4 D is t r ic t . Darwen Division.— Divisional Supt. W. R. Baxendale re signed his appointment, June, 1919, Rawtenstall Division.— Charles W right to be Divisional Supt., 5.6.19, vice Divisional Supt. J. W. Waterworth, re signed. Middleton Division.— Sergeant in Charge W illiam Ackerley to be Divisional Supt., 16.6.19. Crewe Division.— Arthur Barry McMaster, M.D., B.Ch., to be Divisional Surgeon, 21.6.19. Ambulance Officer Wesley Dale to be Divisional Supt., 21.6 19, vice Divisional Supt. F. H. Oldham, resigned. Sergeant Alfred Jones to be Ambulance Officer, 21.6.19 Hon. Sergt. and Secretary Arthur Edward Ankers to be Ambulance Officer, 22.6.19. No. 5 D is t r ic t . North Bierley ■ Nursing Division.— Henry Whitteron Rottinson, M B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Supt., 31.5.19. Hanley and District Corps (Fenton Division).— Cecil Hutchinson Hopwood, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Supt., 3-6- '9W orksop Division —Transport Officer W illey Greatorex to be Divisional Supt., 18.5.19. W arsop Main Division.— Sergeant W illiam Everett to be First Class Sergt., 21.6.19. Spen Valley Corps (Cleckheaton Nursing Division).— Effie Gertrude Sutherland to be Lady Divisional Supt., 11.6.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Senior, nee M iss Sophia Burnhill, resigned.

No. 6 D is t r ic t . Newcastle (Western) Division.— Divisional Supt. H. S. Freeman resigned his appointment, 23.5.19. Stockton and Thornaby D ivision.—Alexander Nicholas Rees, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 7.6.19. Sunderland Transport Division.— Acting Ambulance Officer Herbert Stanley Rennie to be Divisional Supt., 7.6.19, vice Divisional Supt. A. S. Young, resigned. East Stanley Collieries Division.— Pte. Joshua Clemenson to be Ambulance Officer, 10.6.19. Withernsea D ivision .—Corpl. Robert W illiam Lofthouse to be Divisional Supt., 16.6.19. Withernsea Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. L ilia Melbourne to be Lady Divisional Supt., 16.6.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Dickinson, deceased. Nursing Sister Gertrude Alice Brightwe‘11 to be Nursing Officer, 16.6.19. H u ll Corps (De la-Pole Nursing D ivision).— Nursing Sister Mrs. Edith Napier to be Nursing Officer, 16.6.19. No. 8 D is t r ic t . Littlehampton Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. C. E. Last resigned his appointment, 9 6.19. Guildford Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon Cecil P. Lankester resigned his appointmen, 136.19. D

eath s

No. 6 D is t r ic t . Springwell Colliery Division.— Divisional Surgeon Capt. D- P- Lindsay, from Spanish influenza whilst on active service, June, 1919. N ew D i v i s i o n s , & c . No 1 D is t r ic t (P r in c e o f W a l e s ’s C o r ps ). Kilburn Division.- Disbanded 6.6.19. D. (Horseferry) Section of the Beckton Division approved by the Chief Commissioner, 19.6.19. N

e w

o r p s

No. 6 D is t r ic t . The formation of the North Tyneside Corps, 21.6.19, con sisting of the following : — Ambulance D ivisions— W allsend Division. North Shields Division. Shiremoor Division. Percy Main Division. W hitley Bay and Monkseaton Division. Tynemouth V.L.B . Division. Nursing Divisions — W allsend Nursing Division. North Shields Nursing Division. Cullercoats Nursing Division. W illington Quay Nursing Division. Percy Main Nursing Division. W hitley Bay and Monkseaton Nursing Division. Tynemouth Nursing Division. No. 2 D i s t r i c t . The following Divisions have been disbanded, 23.6.19. Castle Coombe Nursing. Gates of St. John. Badminton,

July, i g i g .

— FIR ST R

oll

A ID o n o u r

THE

ST.

Bates, Sergt. W., Cresswell, 13th West Riding Regt. Clifford, Pte. T., Cresswel), R .N .D . (M edical Unit). Crowder, Corpl. E., Heanor, R.A.M .C. Dolphin, Pte. W., West Hartlepool, 7th Royal Irish Fus. Jackson, Sergt. F., Cresswell, Machine Gun Corps. Jepson, Pte. A., Cresswell, R .N .D . (M edical Unit). Larkman, Pte. C., Haggerston, Rifle Brigade. Limb, Corpl. F., Cresswell, Royal Horse Artillery. Lindsay, Capt. D. P., Springwell Colliery, R.A.M .C. Lumb, Pte. W. J., Sowerby Bridge, M .H .H .R . Perkins, Pte. A., Crewe, R .N :A .S.B .R . Varley, Sergt. F., Cresswell, 10th Sherwood Forresters. Watts, Pte. G. R., City of London, “ G ” Coy. Special Section Royal Engineers. M

ilita r y

e c o r a t io n s

an d

w a r d s

Wood, Capt. W. T., Cresswell, Medaille des Epidemics. M ills, Lieut. A. R., Boston, Distinguished Conduct Medal. Bowering, Sergt. F., Cresswell, M ilitary Medal. Butler, Sergt. W., Boston, M ilitary Medal. Crehan, Pte. M., Cresswell, M ilitary Medal. Downes, Sergt.-Major E. J., Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Meritorious Service Medal. Fincham, Sergt. E. F., Walthamstow, M ilitary Service Medal. Geathing, Sergt. S., Cresswell, M ilitary Medal. Johnson, Corpl. PI., Cresswell, Ccertificate of Merit. Pitkin, Q.M.-Sergt. C., Northampton H.Q., Meritorious Ser vice Medal. Slater, Pte. H., Creswell, Certificate of Merit. Smith, Pte. S., Creswell, M ilitary Medal. Todd, Q.M.-Sergt. Blaydon Burn, Meritorious Service Medal.

S t. J o h n

V o lu n t a r y

A id

D e ta c h m e n ts.

The following Detachments have been disbanded :— Durham 35.

JOHN

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

Bull, M iss I. D., W. R. Yorks. 8. Caldwell, Miss A. M cM illan, Belfast 22. Collett, Miss Violet, London 96. Colvin, M iss Eva, London 148, Cope-Morgan, M iss C. Gladys, London 114. Corsellis, Miss May S., Co. of Dublin 22. Float, Miss M illie, Leicester 18, Harding, Miss May K., Kent 100. Isaac, M iss Edith, Surrey 116. Jackson, M iss Cicely M., Kent 68. Kearney, M iss Annie Day, Sligo 2. Moilett, M iss Elsie, W. R. Yorks. 20. Metcalf, Miss Mary, Glamorgan 60. Montgomery, Miss M. Glencorne, Edinburgh 1. M orris, Miss Gertrude C. M., W. R. Yorks 8. Sandys, Miss H ilda M., W icklow 2. Thomas, Miss M. M. I., Toronto Cent. N.D . Watt, M iss Amelia Allan, London 144. White, Miss Ethel Minnie, Salop 6. W illiam s, M iss Annie Maud, West Lancs. 32. Wood, Miss Lucy E., W . R. Yorks. 36. Wood, Rose Dorothea. W . R. Yorks. 36. Woodhouse, M iss Madge, W. R. Yorks, 10. Denny, M iss R., London 118, M .B.E. de Montmorency, Hon. M iss K., London 118, Order of E liza beth. de Montmorency, Hon. M iss R., London 118, do. Coombes, A .R .R .C ., Miss Margaret, London 94, Mentioned in Despatches. Fraser, Mrs. D., London 118, do. Louch, M iss Laura A., Belfast 40, do. Neal, M iss Lilian D., Essex 94, do. Palmer, Mrs. Ethel I. J., Hants 66, do. Yeatman, M iss F. Satwell ? R .R .C . (2nd Class), Egypt. Ensor, Alexa, Arnagh 4, S.J.A.A. Maxwell, Ethel Mary, W. R. Yorks. 58, S.J.A.A. Rundle, Marguerite Georgie. Shorrock, Saaah A., Cheshire 64, S.J.A.B.

34-

„ 40. „ 68. Kent 170. Westmoreland 20. Northumberland 11. 1929. „ 62. 86. Northumberland 84 and 87 have amalgamated with North umberland 52. A

p po in t m e n t s

an d

e sig n a t io n s

Mrs. Capper to be Commandant of West Yorks 130, vice Mrs. Davis, resigned. Mr. Chelow to be Commandant of Cornwall 74, vice Mrs. Cropper, resigned. Mrs. S. Kenrick to be Commandant of Worcester 8a, vice Mrs. Howard-Smith, resigned. Miss E. Leinster, M .B.E., to be Commandant of Durham 24, vice Mrs. C. B. Palmer, O.B.E.. who has been promoted to the rank of Assistant County Director. W. H. Sands resigned his appointment as Commandant of Antrim 3 through ill-health. D

eath s

Andrey Heritage, V .A .D ., Nursing member, Sussex 184. A

w ar d s

Awarded the A .R .R .C . Foley, The Lady F., London 118. Kennard, Mrs. Auberon, London 118. Sloggett, M iss D , London 118. Eltis, M iss M. W . I. H., London 232. Allen, M iss Lilian, West Lancs. 32. Arnott, Miss Edith, Northumberland 52. Bonsfield, M iss M. G. (deceased), London 88.

B r ig a d e S e r v ic e D re s s . In future, the Service Dress only will be worn by Officers of and below the rank of D istrict Officer (except D istrict Sur geon). C

o m m i s s i o n e r

Jacket.— Black cloth or serge, Arm y Service pattern. Black gimp shoulder cords. Gorget patch of black cloth edged with silver, and silver St. John wort in the centre. S il vered buttons on jacket. 4 Reg. No. 4, 6 Reg. No. 5. Badges of rank Reg. No. 72 to be worn on shoulder cords. Trousers.— Black cloth or serge, plain. Breeches and black leggings may be worn. Cap.— Army staff pattern, with St. John pattern black lace band, black enamelled leather drooping peak, embroidered St. John wort in silver. Badge Reg. No. 70 in front. Belt.— Sam Browne, without frog, in black leather with white furniture. Collar.— W hite linen. T ie.— Long black silk tied in sailor’s knot. A

s sista n t

o m m issio n e r

a n d

ist r ic t

u r g eo n

Jacket.— Black cloth or serge, Arm y Service pattern ; shoulder straps of same material. Badges of rank, Assistant Com missioner Reg. N;. 72 ; D istrict Surgeon, Crosses B. Reg. No. 23, on shoulder straps. Badge Reg. No. 103 on collar above step. Trousers.— As for Commissioner. Cap.— As for Commissioner, but with three rows of silver gimp on peak. Badge Reg. No. 71 in front. Belt, Collar, Tie.— As for Commissioner. D

ist r ic t

f fic e r

Jacket.— Black serge, Arm y Service pattern; shoulder-straps of same material. Badge Reg. No. [103 on collar above

— FIR ST

AID

THE

ST.

step. Badges of rank, Stars A., Reg. No. 32, on shoulder straps. Trousers.— Black serge or tartan, plain. Cap.— As for Commissioner but with two rows of silver gimp on peak, and Badge No. 101 in front. Belt, Collar, T ie — As for Commissioner. C orps and

D iv isio n a l S u r g e o n .

AM BULANCE

Jacket and Trousers.— As for D istrict Officer. Cap.— As for District Officer, but with one row of silver gimp on peak. Belt, Collar, Tie.— As for Commissioner. D iv isio n a l S u p e r in t e n d e n t .

Jacket and Trousers.— As for District Officer. Cap.— As for Corps Officer, but with plain peak. Belt, Collar and T ie.— As for Commissioner. A m b u la n ce O ff ic e r .

Jacket and Trousers.— As for District Officer. Cap.— As for Divisional Superintendent. Belt.— Sam Browne, but without shoulder brace. Collar and T ie.— As for Commissioner. W aterproof.

F or Officers— Black, Naval Officers’ pattern. Rank

and

Jacket.— Black serge, Army Service pattern stand and fall collar. Badge No. 104 on collar. Trousers.— Black serge, with white piping down seams. Cap.— Universal Army shape. Black cloth with black cloth welts, white cloth band i f in. deep, black enamel leather drooping peak, black enamelled leather slide chin strap f in. wide, buttened on to two Regulation white metal but tons at sides. Badge Reg. No. 102 in front. The badge is to be placed on the white cloth edge, the lower edge of the scroll $ in. from the lower edge of the white cloth band. W aistbelt.— District Sergeant— Black leather, no pouch. F irst Class Sergeant— Brown leather, no pouch. R ank and F ile — Brown leather with pouch. Special Badges.— District Sergeant— Badge Reg. No. 73 on right sleeve, 6 inches above cuff. F irst Class Sergeant— Four bar Silver Chevron inverted, on right sleeve just above cuff. B adges of R a n k .

Badges of rank will be worn on both shoulder-cords or straps. Deputy Commission - 2 St. John Crosses, white enamel. Reg. No. 7?. Assistant Commissioner— 1 St. John Cross, white enamel. Reg. No. 72. D istrict Surgeon— 2 Crosses, pattern B. Reg. No. 33. D istrict Officers— 3 Stars, pattern A. Reg. No. 32. Corps Surgeon— 2 Crosses, pattern B. Reg. No. 33. Corps Superintendent— 2 Stars, pattern A. Reg. No. 32, with stripe of silver Russian braid placed transversely half-aninch above base of shoulder-strap. Corps Officers— 2 Stars, pattern A. Reg. No. 32. D ivisional Surgeon— 1 Cross, pattern B. Reg. No. 33. D ivisional Superintendent— I Star, pattern A. Reg. No. 32. N O T E . — The white enamelled leather cross belt will not be worn by any rank. Badges can only be obtained from Stores Dept., St. John Ambulance Association, St. John’s Gate, London, E .C .I. W hen ordering quote to Reg. Nos. Ja m e s R. A n d r e w

July, 1919

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r Ju n e. T

h e

H e a d q u a r te rs Staff has been very busy this m o n th in

b ein g n early over, it seems to ha ve taken on a new lease o f life, a n d it is intere sting to n ote that the n u m b e r o f m e m bers w ho have passed throu gh H e a d q u a r te rs this m o n th is nearly 1,600 as c o m p a r e d with 2,000 in J u n e o f last year. T

C o rps O f f ic e r .

F irst C lass S e r g e a n t , D istr ict S e r g e a n t , F ile.

GAZETTE. —

all D e p artm en ts, a n d far from the w ork o f the V . A . D s

Jacket and Trousers.— As for District Officer. Cap.— Corps Surgeon, as for D istrict Surgeon but with two rows of silver gimp on peak, and Badge Reg. No. 101 in fronL Div. Surgeon.— A s for Corps Surgeon, but with plain peak. Belt, Collar, Tie.— As for Commissioner.

(S ign ed )

JOHN

Clark,

C h ie f Commissioner.

h e

a v a l

a n d

i l i t a r y

e p a r t m e n t

r e co rd that the n u m b e r o f m em bers p o sted to Military, Naval, W . R . A . F . H o s p ita ls a n d S ic k B a y s n u m b e rs 1 6 1 . R e q u is itio n s ha ve been re ce ive d for the services o f 17 7 m em bers, but m a n y o f these ha ve been filled by the M a tro n -in -C h ief Q . A . I . M . N . S . , w h o appoints m em bers who ha ve be en d e m o b ilis e d from the H o sp ita ls in F ra n ce to the H o m e H ospitals. T h i s D e p a r tm en t is now staffing the H o s p ita ls for D is a b le d Soldiers, un d e r the M in istry o f Pensions, called the B o rd erlin e H osp itals, viz,, the hospitals w h ich treat discharge soldiers suffering m entally y et not certifiable as insane or even requiring restraint. T h o s e V . A . D . m e m b ers are a llo w ed to serve un d e r the following co n ditio n s : N o m e m b er un der 30 years o f age to be e m p lo y e d j no m e m b e r to b e e m p lo y e d w ith out the consent o f her parents ; a n d n o V . A . D . m e m b e r to be posted by her C o m m a n d a n t w ith o u t the written co n se n t o f the C o u n t y D irector, or i f p o sted throu gh the Join t W o m e n ’s V . A . D . D e p artm en t. J

o i n t

o m m is s io n

e c t i o n

N e a r ly all the Join t C o m m i t t e e U n it s in F ra n c e have been d e m o b ilis e d during the last month , and, in fact, there n ow p ractically only remains the H e a d q u a r t e r s ’ Staff, which is d e vo tin g its attention to the G e n e r a l S e rv ice Section. T h e G e n e r a l Se rv ice M o t o r U n its ha ve tak en on the w ork o f the Join t C o m m i t t e e A m b u l a n c e C o n v o y s , and h a v e co n se q u e n tly been w orkin g very sh o rth an d ed as, at this stage, it is n ot easy to find large n u m b e rs o f M o to r Drivers, up to the stan da rd required, w h o are a b le to sign a 12 m o n th s ’ con tract in F ra n ce. T h e W a r O ffice has a s k e d for 100 e xp erien ce d w om en to b e supplie d, and a p p lica n ts — w ho must have had e xp erien ce on the roads a n d be a b le to u n d e rta k e running repairs and tyre changes — should a pp ly to the M o t o r D e p artm en t, V . A . D . H e a d quarters, 52, G rosven or-garden s, S . W . i . T h e M o to r T e s t i n g S c h o o l has been re-o pened a n d during the last m o n th the statistics ha ve been as follows :— A pp lica tio n s, 8 2 ; m em b ers tested, 6 7 ; members rejected, 2 9 ; m e m bers posted, in clu d in g old J .C . Drivers re-drafted to G .S . Un its, 24. T h e F o re ig n S e ctio n o f the G e n e r a l S e rv ic e D e p a r t m ent state that the work is increasing in stead o f decreasing, a n d that large num bers of re quisitions ha ve c o m e in from F ra n ce. T h e y h o p e to fill these by redrafting members w h o h a v e been d e m o b ilis e d from H o m e H o s p ita ls and those w ho ha ve re turned from other overseas bases. Re quisitions ha ve also c o m e in for m e m b e r s to be sent up to t h e A r m y o f O ccu p a tio n , and two m e m bers h a v e also left E n g l a n d to work un de r the principal M a tr o n in Russia, 32 members, in clu d in g two M o t o r Drivers, are p ro ce ed in g early this m o n th (July) to C o n sta n tin o p le. T h e E n g lis h S e ctio n o f this D e p a r tm e n t has been o c c u p ie d alm ost entirely with the transfer o f M e m b e r s from H o s p ita ls w hich have been clo s ed d o w n to those still re quiring workers. A large n u m b e r o f clerical m e m bers have

— F I R S T

been dem obilised, and a great many applications for release from contracts on compassionate grounds have been sympathetically dealt with. It has been notified by an A rm y C o u n cil Instruction that full rates w ill be paid as from M ay 17th, 1919, to all women enrolled in the V .A .D , G.S. Section on a 12 months basis, who were serving on that date, and from the date of enrolm ent to women enrolled after that date. T

h e

e l f a r e

h e

V .A

D .

—

P r a c t i c a l P o in t s f r o m

th e T e x tb o o k .*

C ontributed by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M .R.C.S., Eng. H on. A ssociate Order o f S t. f o h n ; H on. Surgeon S t. John A m bulance B rig a d e ; A u th o r o f “ A id s to F ir s t A id ,” &r*c., &°c.

e p a r t m e n t

T h e W elfare Departm ent state that happily they have very*few cases of sickness to record, and Vincent-square H o spital has been closed altogether. T h e Convalescent H o m e at H artsleap is now open again and is very m uch in request, not only with those members who have actually been ill, but those who require a thorough rest after real hard work, and those who stay there speak so highly of the care and attention they receive, and the beauty of the surrounding country, that more applications are received for “ a rest ” than can be accommodated. T

A I D

c h o l a r s h i p

c h e m e

T hree further Expert Committees have been held since our report of last month, and Scholarships have been awarded to candidates applying for training as W elfare Supervisors, and in Physical Culture and Dom estic Science, W e append a list of the successful candidates in each profession :— W elfare Supervisors. — E lle n M . Aherne, R ose Letitia Berkley, Florence Gwendolen Davies, D oris M abel D ic k in son, M argaret Edwards, Dorothy Payne Gallway, Dorothy Grace Laird, Em m a Legg, Lettice A lice Low, E d ith M ary M oulsdale, Louise Dorotny Potter, M ary Rogerson, V io la Stansfeld, A n nie M aud W illiam s, Gertrude R ylands, K a th leen W ylde, Esm e Brown. P h y sica l C u ltu re . — E d ith M ary B lackburn, D oris Bossier, M ary Elizabeth Bowyer, D orothy H e le n Somers Cocks, U n a A n nie Cocke, H ild a V in cen t Foster, Kathleen H acker, E d ith M ary M eredith, M arjorie Platt. D om estic Scien ce — H e le n Vera Bingham H a ll, G ladys M . Cossey, P h yllis H elen Cross, G ladys M aud Gardiner, Norah Iren e Liesching, K atie Lowry, E ileen Odium , Freda K em p Smith, Jessie Cam pbell Stobo, Dorothy Stocks, H e le n K athleen Taylor, G ladys W inifred Trussell, E d ith Rubery. In the case of several other ccndidates correspondence is still being carried on, and it is hoped they may eventually also be successful in obtaining Scholarships.

D e m o b il is e d B r ig a d e M e n . — M embers of the B ri gade dem obilised prior to the 31st M arch, 1919, w ill be required to become efficient under para. 36, Brigade Regulations, in order to secure efficiency for the Brigade year ending 31st December, 1919. M em bers of the Brigade dem obilised after the 31st M arch, 1919, w ill be granted efficiency for the year provided they rejoin their D ivisions w ithin two months after dem obilisation. In fo r mation concerning Association awards, i.e., M edallions, Labels, etc., for members of the Brigade serving with H is M ajesty’s Forces (N aval or M ilitary), exempted from re-ex am ination under para.2 above, can be obtained on application to the C h ie f Secretary, St. Joh n A m bulance Association.

( C o n tin u ed fr o m page 1 9 0 .)

h a p t e r

III.

o u n d s

a n d

a e m o r r h a g e

Page 79.— I f you are asked to name

the kinds of haemorrhage you w ill all im m ediately answer— “ arterial, venous and capillary.” T h en , if I tell you that your answer is incomplete, you w ill scratch your heads and look worried. W ell, a complete answer requires the further statement— “ and the bleeding may be external or internal.” H o w I detest these terms w hich give the im pression that there is some real difference between the external and in ternal varieties, w hereas hcemorrhage sim ply means the escape o f blood fr o m the blood-vessels. T h e effects, therefore, are the same, whether bleeding is external and seen or internal and concealed within a closed cavity. F o r this reason I prefer the distinction— “ external ” and “ concealed.” W ith regard to the Pressure Points, remem ber ( i ) i nat all these are sm all and easily covered by the pulp o f your th u m b ; (2) that, being small, their precise location is vitally im portant both to secure efficient control of the artery and also to avoid pressure on the vein and nerve which, as you know, always accom panies an a rte ry ; and (3 ) that in every case there is a right and wrong position for patient and operator. Rem em ber also that for control of bleeding the position of the patient and the position of the part, both du rin g a n d a fter treatm ent, are almost as im portant as pressure. P a ge 80.— W ith a T o u rn iq u e t six points m erit atten tion. T h u s (1 ) its use is indicated only when direct pressure is im possible or fails, especially with a main artery (e.g., brachial or femoral), a foreign body in wound, or fracture beneath wound ; (2) its use is a la st resource in treatment, like Stim ulation with brandy and Bandaging lim bs for co l lapse ; (3 ) its p a d m ust be p la ce d (and kept) accurately on the pressure p o in t; (4) its tw istin g apparatus m ust be arranged carefully on the side of the lim b exactly opposite to the p a d ; (5 ) its p ressu re m ust be j u s t sufficient (this often varies from time to tim e) to stop the bleeding ; (6) i t m ust be rela xed and, if possible, removed, as the T e x t book states, w ithin thirty minutes, though personally I con sider that this period is too long— in view of the pain and discom fort caused to the patient— and that this step should be taken within fifteen minutes. P ag e 83.— T h e outstanding point in treatment of wounds is that the less the w oun d is fingered, the better f o r p a tie n t a n d wound. T h is is certainly safer than Io d in e or M ethylated Spirit. B y the way, the “ m ild ” T in ctu re of Io d in e is the ordinary preparation in com m on use, and is so called officially to distinguish it from a stronger solution, form erly termed Linim ent, but now Strong T in ctu re of Io d in e. Always avoid cyanide gauze as a dressing after application of Io d in e to a wound, because severe and pain ful burns result from the com bination. P a g e 8 7.— W ith a wound of C arotid A rtery the in ci. * Lecture delivered to members of S.E. & C. Kailway Ambulance Centre at Cannon Street Hotel, February 4th, 1919.

«- F I R S T

dence of Shock would require that the patient should be lying down, and not sitting, as the diagram seems to sug gest. U nder these circum stances, the right position for the operator would be kneeling beside (but on opposite side to artery under treatment) the recumbent patient whose head and shoulders should be raised and sup ported. Page 88 — T h e com m unication noted in Textbook between right and left Carotid is present also with the Facial atteries and necessitates in the latter case compression either of both sidts of wound or of both right and left pressure points New instructions are given fur controlling the Facial artery by pad and bandage for fracture of low tr jiw . H o w this is to be done efficiently is beyond my com prehension and s k i l l ! ! Page 89 — T h e difficulty of locating the O ccipital Artery arises from the fact that, after being given off by the Carotid, the vessel passes deeply under the muscles of the neck before it reappears at the anterior end of the occipital bone. Its pressure point can be easily found i f p a tie n t and operator p la ce themselves in their rig h t positions. Thus, for the right O ccipital Artery the patient, being seated, should tilt his head toward his right shoulder, while the operator should stand behind and receive the whole weight of the patient’s head on his hand, the finger tips being placed in a hne situated im m ediately behind the opening of the ear. T h is done, the operator will compress the artery against the skull, and (owing to the relaxation of the neck muscles) w ill feel its pulsations 3 or 4 fingers’ breadth behind the ear. P age 90 — T h e R in g Pad suggested for com pound fracture of the skull should, in my opinion, be lim ited to cases of arterial bleeding ; but even so it is not without danger since it carries with it the risk of com pressing the brain, especially when the fracture is shaped like a star and radiates from the centre as is sometimes seen in a broken pan? of glass. F o r this reason some examiners penalise the ring pad. P a ge 91.— T h e Subclavian (like the O ccipital) Artery very frequently proves difficult (1) to locate (owing to ignor ance of its situation behind— and not below— the clavicle); (2) to compress (through neglect of the precise instructions of T extbo o k— prtient seated, part exposed, shoulder de pressed, head tilte d ); and (3 ) to compress by other than d ig ita l p ressure (by reason of its peculiar position between clavicle and first rib). P a g e 9 2 '— N o artery is more difficult than the A xillary to compress both by digital and instrum ental means. In an emergency, theretore, you must be prepared (if the method described fails) to exert pressure on the Subclavian artery. P ag e 9 3 .— T o locate the B rachial Artery you must c ir< fully follow the Textbook instructions and fully extend the patient’s lim b with p a lm o f h a n d upivards , as some of us use to occasionally do when at school ! T h en you need not worry about the seam of the coat, the line of which varies with the sk ill of the tailor and the position— up or d twn— of the coat sleeve. Please remember that fle x io n is a m ost p a in fu l fo r m o f compression, and like the tourniquet, must be relaxed at the first possible moment— usually within fifteen minutes. P age 95 — T h e Palm ar Arches are protected by a strong layer of fibrous tissue— (very useful to the naughty schoolboy, though troublesome to the F irst A id e r)— w hich renders sfficient com pression exceedingly difficult, and can only be relaxed by flexing the elbow at an acute angle and raising the hand. H en ce the need for the St. Joh n Sling in treatment of bleeding from palmar arches. P a g e 96.— W hen locating the Fem oral Artery, some

A I D . —

July, 1919.

of you com plain that “ the inner side of the back part of the knee ” is a difficult spot to find. W ell, you know that the lower end of the femur expands into an inner and outer knob. D o I help you when I tell you that the point required is a very sm all projection at the extreme upper lim it of the inner knob ? Feel the point for yourselves and you w ill understand what I say. By the way, I doubt if any of us can exert efficient digital com pression on the Fem oral Artery for more than ten minutes ; and I hope that you have all noticed the grave error of Fig. 51, where the lim b is fully extended instead of raised. Page too — T h e rate of loss of blood from a cut vein depends on the size and position of the vessel. T h e flow, therefore, is not always “ slow,” as the Textbook says, though it is always steady and continuous. Passe io t . — W hen dealing with a supposed mad dog, restrain the anim al without delay, but do not k i l l i t — in ac cordance with the R ules in Poisoning “ preserve anything suspected of p o iso n ” (page 156). Otherwise you may destroy the evidence on which the diagnosis of Rabies depends, and you w ill certainly jeopardise the patient’s life by delay in treatment if the dog should be proven mad subsequently. P age 103.— W e decided fp. 79) that the term “ In ternal Haem orrhage” gives rise to misconceptions, and we stated our preference for the alternative name “ Concealed Haemorrhage.” Further, you w ill be puzzled with the signs and symptoms set out in the Textbook unless you realise that these constitute the evidence on which you suspect severe progressive hem orrhage both external and con cealed, and useless unless y o u analyse them. I f you do so. then you w ill find that Sign 1 refers to general effects ; Signs 2 and 4 to the c ircu lato ry; Signs 3 and 5 to the respiratory; and Sign 6 to the nervous system. P age 1 0 4 — Y o u r object in keeping “ head low and turned on one s id e ” is to anticipate the possibility of the patient vom iting curing recovery from Shock, and to guard against the vomited matter passing backwards and causing suffocation. M ost authorities deprecate the emergency use of all stim ulants in lases of profound haemorrhage, because a re currence of the bleeding may result therefrom. In d irect stim ulation, however— such as Sm elling Salts, Sprinkling face, & c.— is (1 ) rapid in action but transient in effect; (2) devoid of the urgent dangers of alcohol (e.g., brandy) which is both brain and heart stim ulant; and (3) regarded only as an adjunct to treatment. Bandaging the lim bs is an excellent method of cutting off a large area of the circulation, whereby (1 ) you can lighten the work of the heart; (2) you can p rocure a more plentiful supply of blood for the vital centres in the brain — viz., those which control circulation and respiration ; and (3 ) you. can preserve the strength of the patient. Bandaging the limbs, however, must not be lightly undertaken, because it must be done slowly, deliberately and carefully if it is to secure its purposes. T h is w ill occupy an appreciable amount of time, which can only be justified by results, since it delays removal of patient to doctor and shelter. P age 104.— W ith Haemorrhage from Nose, many of you omit the raising of arms above the head. T h is increases the capacity of the chest and so causes dilatation of the large veins a t their entry to heart, whereby blood pressure is lowered and the venous return of blood is facilitated, while the tilting backwards of head causes elevation of bleeding part. P a ge r o 5 — T o control bleeding you use cold applica tions, because cold (below 8 s ° F ) stimulates the m uscular tissue of bloodvessels and causes them to contract, whereas

—FIRST

Ju ly, 1919.

warmth (about 98"F, viz., the body temperature) makes the vessels dilate and promotes bleeding. Very hot applications (above i o VF) act like cold. P a g e 10 6— Haemorrhage from Stomach may be due to ulceration of stomach wall, and “ nothing is to be given by mouth ” lest you bring about increased activity of the stomach and muscles and aggravate the condition present, even if you do not actually precipitate perforation of the wall. Do not, however, imagine that vomited blood in it s e lf proves ulceration of the stomach any more than bleeding from ear channel demonstrates fractured base of skull. The blood may have been swallowed, and the acid juices of the stomach will act on it, making it dark like coffee grounds. By the way, I remember a case where a mixture of stale beer and chocolate was mistaken for altered blood from the stomach ! ( T o be continued.)

S o u th

E astern

and

A m b u la n c e

C h ath am

R a ilw a y

AID. — Warn patient, support limb Decide treatment of arm modifies that of clavicle Loosen clothes ; do not remove coat Slip brace from fractured clavicle. Two (or 4^ small) splints to mid-arm Two bandages —control-splints Bend arm at right angles Bind arm to trunk with b ro a d bandage (elbow back) Small arm-sling— support forearm Cover warmly ; warm drinks ... Neatness and efficiency of work

Keep recumbent Test pulse and eliminate shock Cover warmly ; warm drinks (where from?) Preparing and placing stretcher Lifting and lowering stretcher ... Method of carrying Feet first down stairs Unison of work Examination on march Report to doctor (causes, injuries, treatment) Replacement of equipment

T est.

Q u e stio n s.

(1)

[N.B.— Address all questions as to what you see, h ea r or feel to the Judge, who will penalise unnecessary or foolish questions. Note that there is a strict time limit to this Test.] Im m ediate A ction . Mode of reading card Mode of approach on patient ... Mode of dealing with crowd Don’t alter position of patient y e t Enquire history from patient (door hit middle of back ; fell on outstretched hand) ... Enquire and examine site of blow (no sign) Enquire pain (right clavicle and arm, left ankle) Enquire marked deformity (nursing right elbow) Enquire palpable haemorrhage (severe graze right temple ; general oozing bright blood) Establish standard guides (conscious, yes ; face, pale ; pu lse, good ; breathin g, normal). Place patient semi-recumbent n ow ... . Enquire for doctor and means of transport now ... Judge says : “ D o cto r liv e s 200 y a rd s outside station a n d w il l be g o in g out in a few m inutes."

F o r C o n tro l o f B le e d in g h ow can y o u sustain in d ire c t p ressu re ? 80.

. (2)

p. 155.

(3)

3237-

(5)

For Venomous Snake Bite Scratch round wound and Rub in permangamate powdered For Opium Poisoning Give 10 grs. in 1 pint water Repeat in half an hour Bind bones together ... Allow free movement of bones Break shock of external force . Replace bone in thorax Lessen friction in joints

4 4 4

4 4 U n d er w h a t circum stances does the T e x t B ook teach y o u to rem ove a p a tie n t's clo th in g w hen tre a tin g a fr a c tu re ? p. p. p. p. p.

F u rth e r For For For

5 5 5

W h a t a re the F u n c tio n s o f G ris tle ? 3 i-

(4)

By fingers on pressure point .. By pad and bandage ... By tourniquet By flexion— for elbow and knee

W hen (a n d how ) does the T e x t B oo k in s tru c t y o u to use P erm anganate o f Potash ? p. 103.

Written message to doctor (ask f o r in stru ctio n s) Enquire and advise relatives, if possible E x a m in a tio n o f P atient. fractured skull (No) fractured ribs (No) fractured clavicle (right ; pain, swelling, irre gular ; outer end ; loss of power, etc.) For fractured upper limbs (ditto middle right arm) For fractured lower limbs (left ankle swollen) For other injuries (None) Mode of examination for fractures, etc. ... Treatm ent o f F r a c t u r e d R ig h t A r m a n d C lavicle. Enquire varieties (both simple fractures)

2 2 2 2 2 2 5

T ra tis p o rt of P atient.

the marking sheet of the No. 2 District com petition held at Hither Green on 22nd May, and con ducted by Dr. Corbet Fletcher. Str etch er

3 3 3

Treatm en t o f G ra ze d Temple. Iodine : clean or boracic lint ... Pad cotton wool ; narrow bandage Neatness and efficiency of work

B e l o w is

Treatm en t o f S p ra in e d A n k le . Do not remove boot and sock ... Apply triangular bandage Obtain water and wet bandage Tie leg to leg Neatness and efficiency of work

C o m p e titio n .

You fo u r — w ith f u l l equipm ent— a re in a tra iti w hieh has ju s t p u lle d up at H it h e r Green Station. Y ou a re told that this man w as sta n d in g at the edge of the p la tfo rm an d has been knocked dow n by an open door o f the in co m in g tra in . Y ou fin d h im s ittin g on the p a tfo rm n u rs in g h is r ig h t elbow w ith h is left h a n d a n d su rro u n d e d by other passengers. A ct as y o u should.

55. Simple fracture clavicle ... ' 67. Simple fracture tarsus 47. All compound fractures 79. Simple fracture and associated wound ... 59. Fracture involving joint when pt. at home

4 4 4 4 4

U n d er w h a t circum stances w o u ld y o u w ith h o ld an emetic w hen trea tin g a case o f p o is o n in g ? p. p. p.

154. With corrosive acid and alkali poisons ... 153. When lips and mouth burned, poison unknown ... .. 129. When patient is unconscious or ... For any other reason, unable to swallow

5 , 5 5

— FIRST

Sir Edward W. CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l —

Home Service Ambulance ... ... ... The R.A.M.C..........................................................

> 1

D istr ict R e po r ts—

No. 1 ; No. 3; No. 5 No. 12 ...

... ...

2 3

...

P r a c tic a l P o in ts—

A Rare Complicated Accident

...

Efficiency in First Aid ...

...

T h e S t . J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e —

Official Brigade News ... ... V.A.D. Summary of Work for June

July, 1919.

AID. — D.

Ward,

the Director-General of

Voluntary Organisations, in a report just issued, states that no fewer that 88,000,000 clothing and surgical comforts were provided during the war by the organisations under his administration. T h e Director-General estimates the money value of this volume of gifts at ,£ 5,134,656. It is impossibe, he adds, in a report of this nature to pay more than a general tribute to the hundreds of thousands of workers who from start to finish never failed to respond to any demand made upon them, and he feels confident that this great band of voluntary workers will be content to have it recorded that through their efforts the gallant men of our fighting force, whether in health or sickness,

... ...

have appreciated to the full the efforts of a generous public in providing them with an unlimited supply of comforts

Practical Points from the Textbook ... S.-E. and C. Ry. Ambulance Competition

... ...

7 9

and gifts of almost every kind.

Brevities ... ... The Red Cross in Japan

... ...

10 11

Q u e r ie s a n d

... ...

A nsw ers to

... ...

Correspondents—

Dressings for Burns ... Dressings for Wounds ... Diagrams of Germs ... Artificial Respiration ... Practical Points from Textbook

... ... ... ... ...

12 12 12 12 13

occurred on the railways of the U nited Kingdom during the year 1918, while there must be a great deal to deplore, it is not altogether destitute o f features that give a degree of gratification. T h e fatal accidents numbered 870 ; this is 20 less than the previous year, while it is 296 less than the average for the years 1907-1916. * * *

L etters to t h e E d it o r —

Practical Points from the Textbook

...

Brigade Medal, &c.

...

■ ■ ■

On Night Duty

V In the Board o f T rad e Report upon accidents that

... ...

During the past three years, owing to conditions aris ing out of the war, the railway companies were not required to report to the Board of T rad e the non-fatal accidents in which the movement of trains, etc., was not concerned, this makes the statistics incomplete.

B re v itie s.

S i r

S t a n l e y ,

speaking at a meeting of the Chester

County Branch of the R e d Cross Society on July 3rd, said that within the course of a few days that an agreement between the Order of St. John and the British R ed Cross Society was being signed by both parties, which would ensure their working harmoniously together. For some time past a conference has been help in London discussing this question, and, we are now glad to hear, that a working scheme has been arrived at. W e hope to have something further to say on this subject at a latter date. * * * Sir A. Stanley, at the same meeting, said that there would shortly be some 700 of the ambulances coming back from France. T h es e would be put in first-rate repair, and it was proposed to distribute them to the various County Directors in all parts of the kingdom. T here were en deavouring to establish a system so that any person, meeting with an accident, should not be more that 15 miles distant from an ambulance. Sir Arthur mentioned, in closing, that under the scheme of the Arm y Council the basis upon which they were working was that the V .A .D s were to re main definitely part of the Territorial Army.

* * * It is probably too much to hope that accidents to rail way servants will ever be entirely eliminated, but is is cer tain that a very substantial decrease in their number would result from additional care on the part of the employes. * * * T h e annual festival of Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England was celebrated on June 24th (St. John the Baptist’s Day). A Commemoration Service was held in the C hurch of the Order, St. John’s-square, Clerkenwell. T h e sermon was preached by Cannon A. J. Mason, Chaplain of the Order. After the service a general assembly of the Order was held in the Chapter Hall at St. John’s Gate.

V W e have arranged to stock copies of the series of Indian Manuals of First A id and H o m e Nursing, written Colonel R. J. Blackham, C .B ., C .M .G ., C .I.E ., D.S.O., M .D . T hese Manuals are specially adapted to the needs of First A id and Nursing members proceeding to tropical or sub-tropical countries, and will be found of interest also to members remaining at home, as the subjects are dealt with differently to the official manuals.

July, 1919.

— FIRST

T he

Red

B y C o l.

C ross

Japan.

R. J. B L A C K H A M ,

C .B. C .M .G ., C .I.E ., D.S.O . M .D ., M .R .C .P ., D .P .H , M iddle T em p le Barrister at Law. A Special Member of the Japanese R e d Cross.

('Concluded from page 194 ) T h e primary object of the Society is to care for the sick and wounded in time of war, but like the Continental R ed Cross Societies and the American R e d Cross Society it also undertakes relief service for the injured and the sick in cases of public calamities or other disasters and collects relief funds in various ways. For the attainment of these objects the Society under takes :— 1. In time of peace to train a staff suitable for the carrying out of relief measures and to collect stores, so as to be sufficiently in readiness to meet any case of war or civil emergency. 2. In time of war to care for the wounded and the sick in conformity with the instructions of the proper authorities. 3. In case of public calamities, to administer succour to the injured and sick, either at the instance of, or with the permission of, the authorities concerned. T h e Society establishes hospitals as necessary for the carrying out of such services. Its R e d Cross Hospitals at T o k io and elsewhere are among the finest in the Land of Flowers. T h e property and funds of the Society consist o f :— 1. Hospitals and property owned by the Society. 2. A llow ances from Imperial funds. 3. T h e annual subscriptions of the members and donations in cash or kind. 4. Special incomes derived from the work of the Society or from pro perties owned by it. T h e Society is controlled b y : — 1. A Standing C o m mittee. 2. Managers. 3. Supervisors. 1. T h e C o u n c i l .— T h e Standing Council is composed of 30 Councillors. T h e Councillors are elected at a general meeting from among the residents in Tokio. T h e names of the elected persons are submitted to the E m p e n r through the ministers of the Arm y and the Navy. T h e office o f Councillor is honorary. T h e term of service is for three years. T h e y may, however, be re elected. T h e term of office for a Councillor elected to fill a vacancy corresponds to that of his predecessor. In case of new elections, the out-going Councillors continue to exercise their functions until the newlyelected Councillors have been duly confirmed in their offices. T h e Standing Council meets at the call of the Presi dent, and passes decisions on all the more important affairs of the Society. When, in the case of a public calamity, it is found im possible to convene a meeting of the Standing Council, the President may take relief measures on his own authority, subject to the posto-facto approval of the Council. 2. T h e M a n a g e r s . — T here are ten Managers who con stitute the executive and control the affairs of the Society. One of the Managers is the President and two of the other Managers are Vice-Presidents. T h o s e made President and V ice Presidents by the

AID.—

Imperial Commission are ipso facto Managers ; the other Managers are elected by the Standing Council from among its members. T h e nomination of Managers are laid before the Emperor through the ministers of the Arm y and the Navy. T h e services of the President, Vice-Presidents and Managers are honorary, and their term o f office corres ponds with that of the Councillors. T h e y may, however, be re-elected. T h e President directs the general affairs of the Society, represents it towards other bodies, appoints Commissioners, and engages employees. H e presides at the general meet ing of the Society and at the meetings of the Standing Council. T h e Vice-President assist the President and take his place in the event of his absence. 3. S u p e r v i s o r s .— T h e Society has three supervisors. T hese supervisors are elected at a General Meeting from among the members of the Society. T h e names o f the persons elected are submitted to the Emperor, through the Ministers of the Arm y and of the Navy. T h e office of the supervisors is honorary. Their term of office is three years, subject to re-election. T h e term of office of a supervisor appointed to fill a vacancy corre sponds with that of his predecessor. It will be seen that the supervisors represent the ordinary members on the Executive of the Society. In time o f war, the Managers, Councillors, and Super visors continue to act as such, even after their term of office shall have expired, until the re-establishment of peace. A local section of the Society, under a Commissioner, is established in each district of the Empire, including Formosa. Special organisations are also instituted in districts where they are deemed necessary. M e m b e r s h ip .— T h e members of the Society are of three classes :— 1. Regular Members. T h es e are of two classes (a) An nual and (b) Life, (a) Annual members are those who make an annual subscription of over 3 yen (6s. i | d .). (b) Life members are either persons who have paid [annual subscriptions for ten years or who pay a single s ubscription of not less than 25 yen ( £ 2 12s.). 2. Special Members. T h es e are persons who have been recommended as such by decision of the Standing Council, on account of assistance rendered by them either to the work or to the funds of the Society. 3. Honorary Mem bers. Honorary membership is a distinction reserved for prominent R e d Cross workers, and conferred only by special decision of the Standing Council. T h e Honorary, Special and Regular Life Members each received a decoration. T hese decorations of the R e d Cross Society of Japan have been instituted with the sanction o f the Mikado. T h e y consist of the Order of Merit and M edals of the Society, of which there are three grades. Holders are entitled to wear them on all public occasions in Japan, but not, of course, in this country without special authority. T h e Standing Council of the Society, with the sanction of the Emperor, confers the O rder of Merit on persons who have rendered distinguished services in aiding the work or funds of the Society. A statement detailing the services for which the Order is conferred has to be sub mitted before the sanction o f the M ikado can be obtained. T h e Order of Merit consists of a Cross of Silver with four enamelled rays. A t the centre of the cross is a disc enamelled on the obverse with paulownais, bamboos, a phoenix and a small red cross.

— FIRST

T h e Honorary Membership Medal is silver gilt, orna mented on the obverse with paulownias, bamboos, a phcenix, and a small plain cross of the Geneva pattern. T h e Medal of Special and Regular Members is exactly similar to the Honorary Members, but silver instead of silver gilt. T h e ribbon o f all decorations is red with two green stripes. T h e various grades have different rosettes. Special and Honorary Members have a large red rosette with two green stripes. T h e Regular Life Members have a plain green rosette. T h e recipient of the Order of Merit, or of a Member ship Medal, wears it on the left breast. I f the recipient possesses both the Order of Merit and a Medal, both are worn, the Order of Merit being placed to the right of the Medal. T h e Japanese R e d Cross Society welcomes to its ranks British and other persons interested in R ed Cross work. Regular Life Members pay the equivalent of 25 yen, i.e., £ 2 12 sterling, and Special Members the equivalent of 200 yen, i.e., £ 2 0 16s. sterling. T h e amount must be paid in one sum. A n y of our readers wishing to assist the Society should communicate with Mrs. Blackham, Grosvenor Court, Davies-street, Berkeley-square, London, W., who will be glad to give any further information.

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt w ith under the follow ing rules :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Q uery," and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2.— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Q uery Coupon ” cut from the current issue of the Jo u rn a l, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?. — The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns, is the Revised ( i q j j ) E d ition of S .J.A .A . M anual of First-A id .

r e s s i n g s

f o r

u r n s

A. P. (Ilford) asks for a formula for Burn dressing. The ideal dressing for a burn should be (1) astrin gen t (absorb discharges), (2) antiseptic (prevent decomposition), and (3) analgesic (soothe pain). Aseptic medicated gauzes (e.g., cyanide) accomplish these three objects, but are not usually available in an emergency. For this reason,the Textbook gives first choice of cotton wool (aseptic) with an alternative of boracic ointment (mild antiseptic), though experience proves that the latter is rather hard, inclined to “ cake ” and improved by diluting with equal parts of vaseline. Failing these the burn can be dressed with boracic lint or with clean lint soaked in sterile alkaline lotion, e.g., bicarbonate of soda solution. Note that oils, being most difficult to sterilise, favour sepsis and are now eliminated from dressings for burns.— N. C O R B E T F l e t c h e r .

i a g r a m

o f

e r m s

B. C. (Bristol).— In the June issue of the Journal an interesting article on “ Cuts and Scratches ” was published, together with a chart showing “ various types of microbes, enor

AID. —

July, 19 19 .

mously magnified.” I know that my request oversteps the boundary line between Medicine and First-Aid, but I wonder if you will be good enough to identify the different types therein depicted and to supply an index, without which the chart loses much of its interest. Certainly, and the more willingly since you recognise that your request is for knowledge of matter beyond the scope of First-Aid. The magnification is about 1,000 times that of the germs. A.— Sarcinte, bales of non-motile, spherical germs (cocci), which are without pathological significance and found in various parts, e.g., in stomach during fermentation. B.— Staphylocci, groups of ir r e g t ila r clusters of germs, like bunches of grapes ; a common form (with E) of pus pro ducing germs. C.— Zoogloea, the resting, m otionless state of germs allied to cocci (B & E) embedded in gelatinous material. D.— Diplococci, germs which occur in p a ir s and give rise to some forms of Pneumonia and other morbid conditions. E.— Streptococci, germs which form chains of varying length and are commonly associated with B in formation of pus. F.— Tetrads, germs allied to B & E and arranged in g ro u p s o f fo u r by process of division in two planes. G.— Bacilli, rod-shaped germs (motile and non-motile), such as those which cause Diphtheria and Tuberculosis. H.— Spirilla, germs which consist of coils o f cu rv e d cy lin d r ic a l cells j the upper set (short rods and single curve) being associated with Cholera, the lower set (long filaments and several curves) with Relapsing Fever. I.— Bacilli with flagella, germs w ith m otile threads, such as those which cause Typhoid Fever. K.— Mould Fungus, vegetable p a ra sites, similar To that which grows in mouth and causes Thrush. L.— Bacilli with Spores, germs w ith rep rodu ctive bodies ; the upper set (wide rods) being associated with Anthrax, the lower set (drum stick) with Tetanus. M.— Ray Fungus (probably), masses o f thread-like m a teria l matted together, with club-shaped bodies radiating from centr, the active cause of Actinomycosis.— N. C. F.

r t i f i c i a l

e s p i r a t i o n

N. S. (Gloucester) : Demonstrators differ as to the position of the patient’s arms during performance of Schafer’s method of artificial respiration. I shall, therefore, welcome your decision as to whether one arm should be bent to raise slightly and support the patient’s head, or whether both arms should be extended above the head, as figured in Textbook (p. 136). The Textbook gives the correct position and accords with Professor Schafer’s instruction— “ face downwards with arms extended and face turned to the side.” Curiously enough, however, Mr. Clinton Dent’s original text of this method— quoted in Dr. Scott Riddell’s M a n u a l o f A m bulance, and ap proved by Professor Schafer, as “ the best description of his technique”— is accompanied by diagrams which show the patient’s arms extended but flexed at right angles at the elbows.— N. C. F.

r e s s in g s

f o r

o u n d s

A. P. (Ilford) On what occasions (and how) should cyanide and absorbent gauze be used in dressing of wounds? Should the latter be used with lint? First-Aid deals with “ whatever is at hand” and not with prepared appliances and dressings. Cyanide and absorbent gauze are, therefore, really beyond the scope of First-Aid. The choice between the two dressings depend on whether antiseptic or aseptic methods are favoured to deal with the dangers of hmmorrbage and sepsis which are common to all wounds. Theoretically, we should select aseptic dressings for clean wounds, and a ntiseptic dressings for dirty or infected wounds.

—FIRST

July, 1919

Through practical experience, however, we know that d ry antiseptic dressings are most satisfactory f o r a ll w ounds, be cause in an emergency it is easier to infect a wound than to protect it from infection. Further, cyanide gauze is a medicated gauze ((mercury and zinc) which may (if applied dry) prove irritating to some wounds— especially if these have been painted with Iodine— and is usually applied “ wrung dry” out of weak antiseptic solution. Therefore, it is almost universally agreed that the id e a l d re ssin g f o r a ll F ir s t - A id purposes is dry Boracic lint, which is non-irritating, mildly antiseptic and practically non-poisonous. Lint and gauze are alternative dressings for wounds, and no advantage is obtained from their combination. For further details refer to Article on “ First-Aid Outfits” in issues of January and February, 1917.— N. C. F.

P r a c t ic a l

P oin ts from

T extbook

J. W. (Dublin) expresses his appreciation of P ra c tic a l P o in ts f.om the Textbook and calls attention to a misprint in the June issue where, for Fractured Femur (p. 62), the descrip tion of the inner splint should read as “ from fork to just above knee.” Will those who missed the misprint please correct? — N. C. F.

Setters to the Sditor. We are in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

PRACTICAL D ear

POINTS

FROM

TH E

TEXTBOOK.

S ir,—

I wish to point out some discrepancies in Dr. N. Corbet Fletcher’s remarks on “ Practical Points from the Textbook” in your issue for June. On p. 189, at bottom (p. 51), he says “ when applying the bandage for Fractured Jaw don’t let the turn of the bandage o r the knot press on the fracture, etc.” I hold that this in struction is superfluous and misleading, as according to the Manual the “ turn” and knot are on the same side; while everyone is instructed not to tie on the injured side. Again, on p. 193, under Fracture of Thigh (p. 62) he uses these words— “ since it is contrary to the Textbook, which reads — ‘ from fork to just beyond the knee.’ ” The Textbook reads (p. 63 at top— No. 4)— “ to just above the knee.” I also take exception to the advice given in the Manual, under Treatment for Fracture of the Knee-cap, where it reads (p. 64) 3-i“ with its centre immediately above the knee-cap,” etc. If anyone will only place the bandage about one inch to the outer side of knee-cap he will find that the knot will also be to the outer side of front of head of tibia, where it will not cause the pain thrt the other position occasions. Why not study the comfort of the patient ? Aren’t we out fcr that ? With regard to the St. John Sling for Fracture of the Clavicle, it stands to reason that if we want to keep the shoulder braced up and back in order to relieve the pain and displace ment due to the abnormal position of the outer portion of the bone, we must keep the patient’s arm vertical, with the hand pointing towards (not reaching to) the opposite shoulder, and his elbow in the hollow of the waist. To maintain it in this vertical position, the “ point” of the bandage should be pinned , back, not fo rw a rd , over the arm, before applying the final j “ broad bandage ” round elbow and trunk. Would it not be wise to omit the splints on front and back of arm (pp. 57 and 58 of Textbook)Tor Fracture of that bone, as roughness and tight bandaging may cause the splints to press upon the projecting ends of the bone, and so convert a simple into a compound fracture. S i n c e (p. 47 of th e T e x t b o o k ) “ th e o b j e c t o f F i r s t A i d

AID. —

Treatment . . . is to guard against further mischief,” etc., I think it is a pity that first aiders should be encouraged to pull upon the foot in fractures of lo w e r limb, as thereby the struc tures around the bones may be injured by the least movement of the lower fragment especially. Why not simply steady the limb until splints have been fixed on outer and inner sides. It is well known that when broken the bones of the upper and lower extremities ride upon another “ fore and aft ” ; so that by placing splints at the sides, no harm can thereby result.— Yours truly, Cam pbell

H ig h e t ,

M.B., C.M., F.C.A.L., Hon. Life Mem ber B.R.C.S., Lecturer and Examiner G.W.R. Coy. and B.R.C.S., Hon. Med. Officer Berks 13 V.A.D., C/Capt. and A.M.O. 4th Cadet (Reading) Battn., C.L.B., K.R.R.C. 80, Southampton-street Reading. July 4th, 1919. [With the exception of two minor points, Dr. Highet’s letter on “ the discrepancies” in my Article consists of further criticisms of the Textbook. With reference to the first of these, my comment on the treatment of Fractured Jaw is neither “ superfluous” nor “ misleading,” since a lengthy ex perience of First Aid classes has shown me that students are very prone (contrary to the Textbook) to tie off the knot on the opposite side to the turn. As for his second point concerning the splint for Fractured Thigh, this is a misprint which has been corrected. His four remaining points deal with the Textbook, and for the benefit of my readers I will answer them. (1) One inch is not sufficient to make any real difference in the position of the knot, and, moreover, any displacement outwards or inwards of the knot will seriously reduce the efficiency of the bandage. Further, if the bandage is tied off close to the patella (as em phasised in my Article), the knot will rest on the tendon of the patella, above and clear of the projection on head of tibia, in which position it will not cause increased pain. It is better, therefore, to ignore the very slight chance of discomfort and to carry out the instructions of Textbook. (2) The St. John Sling maintains the position of the shoulder equally well with arm vertical or with elbow slightly to the front, and the situaation of the point of the bandage when pinned will not in fluence this. (3) In agreement with Dr. Highet I have never been an advocate of four splints for Fractured Arm, owing to the practical difficulty of holding these in position whilst the bandages are being applied. The Textbook, however, does not insist on the use of four splints. (4) If extension be applied w ith the care a n d p reca ution s laid down in Textbook and tabu lated in my Article ( F i r s t A i d , p. 189), then no harm can result to the patient, and the subsequent work of the doctors will be facilitated in view of the immediate reduction of dis placement no less than the diminished risk of further displace ment during transport.— N . C o r b e t F l e t c h e r . ]

BRIGADE

MEDAL,

ETC

S ir ,—

Regarding the letter from “ Encouragement ” in your May issue, it was given out in G.R.O. to the troops in France that the service during the war would count double. I think it was in February this year that this order was issued. As regards the granting of a Brigade Medal, I quite agree with the suggestion of E. W. Allsop. But I would like to suggest that all members of the S.J.A.B. who have served over-seas should have a Star on the riband as a distinction from those who did not go.— Yours faithfully, H. B. R i c h a r d s “ ON D ear

NIGHT

DUTY.”

S i r ,—

Now that the long winter evenings are beginning to loom in the distance, the two following suggestions occurred to me : — I. There must be a considerable number of the members

— F I R S T

of the St. John Ambulance Brigade who cycle down to the Brigade practice, also when they go on duty or to a “ case.” Now, it will be taken for granted that the sooner a Brigade member can get to the case the better it is for the patient. Under the above circumstances would it not be possible for each member having a cycle, to have two cycle lamp glasses with “ S.J.A.B.” badge done on to them ; one done in red and the other in Royal blue, so that the light would shine through it. These glasses would be made to clip on and off at will. The object being that a member having the blue design would be given, as far as possible, preference in the traffic by the Police Force. The red design would denote that the member was on an urgent duty and must be given every facility by the Police Force to get on as fast as possible. Of course, other colours could be used. The side lights on the motor ambu lances could be done in the same way. If the above was adopted all over the country a tremendous waste of time, and probable life, too, would be saved. 2. During the dark evenings there will be a lot of enter tainments of one kind or another. Often the street lamps are lowered before the entertainments are ended. Then, again, there are lantern lectures, etc., where the hall is in com plete darkness. Now if each member, whether in uniform or wearing an armlet, could have an S.J.A.B. badge, illu minated, on the principle of the Ingersole watches, fastened on to his button or sleeve, so that he would be easily seen by the attendant or patient, it would be a great advantage. The cleaner the illumination was done the better. Hoping these suggestions will meet with approval.— Faithfully yours, C . E. W r i g h t .

July, 1919.

A ID —

The After Effects of War A

LTH O U G H m any

still

peace

has come

suffer

from

th e

strain o f w a r — from w e a k n e s s an d e x p o s u r e . W ine

In s u c h c a s e s H a l l ’s w o n d e r fu l

benefit.

p a tie n t w rite s : “ I h ad a 1 g r u e l l i n g ’ T h e Russian R e d Cross is appealing for cast-off V .A .D . uniforms for the destitute nurses and sisters of the Russian R e d Cross. V .A .D . members who no longer require their uniforms are requested to send them to the British Comm ittee o f the Russian R e d Cross Fund in Gt. Britain, adjoining General Buildings, Aldwych, L o n

tim e

don, W .C .

s t e a d in e s s . ”

France

an d

F landers.

th e e n d m y t r o u b le d e v e l o p e d into a distressin g I

took

form

H a l l ’s

r e m a r k a b le results. p la c e

n e u ra sth e n ia .

W ine

w i th

re ally

W eakness gave

s tre n g th — trem blin g

Messrs. Cuxson, Gerrard & Co., Ltd., of Oldbury, had

Halls Wine

an attractive display of First A id requisites at the recent Chemists’ Exhibition held at the Northampton Polytechnic Institute, London. Am ong the interesting lines shown was their Com pactoid series of Pocket and other First Aid Cases for Scouts, sportsmen and general use, also their “ S a n o i d ” Wound Lotion, which has had such a good reception amongst First Aiders. P o p u l a r C h e m i c a l D i c t i o n a r y . — W e understand that Mr. C. T . Kingzett, F.I.C ., the Chairman of the “ San ita s” Co., Ltd., and who was one of the original founders of the Institute of Chemistry, is preparing for early publication by Messrs. Bailliere, Tindall and Cox, London, an abridged “ Popular Chem ical Dictionary ” in a single volume. Apart from the educative value of such a production, including its u se.in Schools and Public Libraries, it should be of great service as a work o f refernot only to practical chemists but also to Brokers, Dealers, and business men generally, who are naturally interested in the thousand and one articles finding concise description in such a book.

T h e S u p rem e R e sto ra tiv e

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— FIRST

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AID. —

A S K

SEPTIC WOUNDS

0 U

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R fo r

Uniforms and Equipm ent Vast modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A id and a ll other Services with uniforms and e q u ip m e n t of g u a ra n te e d materials, workmanship and finish —at prices that challenge compari son with any other clothing of equal quality.

H E

M I S T F

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“ F IR S T Q U E R Y

and

A ID ”

R E P L IE S

CO U PO N .

T o be cu t out a n d enclosed w ith a l l Q u eries J u ly ,

1919.

F IR ST AID AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 302. - V o l .

X X V I.

N O T IC E

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon Street, London, E.C. 4. Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London." Telephone No. S4TJ Bank.

S t. John

of the Brigade and we are pleased to

Am bulance

see from it that the C h ie f Commissioner future work.

view

the

H e anticipates that this

will be considerably enlarged in con junction with the many schemes of National Welfare at present under consideration. W e are pleased to see that the provision of an Assistant-Commissioner for each county is being carried out, for we believe this provision will simplify administration and place units more in touch with headquarters. Another important feature of the year has been the establishment o f the Priory of Wales and the portion of the whole of the No. X I

District and the Welsh Divisions of the No. V I I District come under its administration.

T h e C h ief Commissioner

states that the relations which will in future exist between it and the H o m e Brigade have not yet been officially settled. T h e total strength of the Brigade in England and Ire land remain approximately at 60.000, and that of Welsh District 5,500. amounted to 9 ^ .

H a ll,

mittee, this committee should be a great

asset

the

Nursing section. T h e Chief Commissioner sums up his report by saying that the position of the Brigade to-day is stronger than i t has ever been ; it has proved itself in war as well as peace, it is greater in numbers, and from the practical experience it has been through it is more efficient. T h e public owe a deep debt of gratiA m b u lan ce

tude for the splendid work of the St.

W o r k on

John A m b u lan ce Brigade, such

is the

Peace D ay.

tribute o f T h e D a i l y T e le g r a p h

of the

work done by the members o f the Prince of Wales’s Corps in L ond on on the memorial i 9th July. procession

the

Brigade

manned eighteen stations, and for afternoon duties in the

We now have to hand the 1918 Report

the Brigade which composes

DALE.

On the line of the route of the

______ EDITORIAL.

takes a very optimistic

GAZETTE.

sions has been the formation of a W o m e n ’s Brigade C o m

READERS.

Report, 1918.

A U G U S T , I 9 r 9.

F I R S T AID is published on the 20th of ea c h m o n th . The Annual Subscription is 3 s . 6 d . post free ; single copies 3 d .

Brigade

------

the

T h e total casualties during the war

A n im po rtant feature o f th e N u rs in g C o r p s and

D ivi

Royal Parks five stations were formed, while for the even ing twenty-four were established ; this necessitated 1,200 members on duty, and several thousands of cases were attended.

This Peace D ay

D u ty

has

climax to a long series of duties which

been the

fitting

members o f

the N ). 1 District have undertaken during recent months, and throughout the whole period there has been no lack of volunteers

for the arduous tasks they have been called

upon to undertake, the organisation being all that could been desired. W e must offer our congratulations to the Commissioner, Mr. Winny and his able staff for the manner in which the arrangments were made and carried out. W e should have liked to have seen some of the Pro vincial Districts represented in Lond on on Peace Day, and we know that would have been welcomed by their comrades in both corps, but this was not possible, owing to the duties they had to perform in their own towns and districts, which in a like manner were carried out to the satisfaction of the authorities. Such occasion as these prove the value of the S.J .A.B ., for without it no organisation exists to deal with street casualties on such a large scale ; as 7 h e D a i l y T e le g r a p h sums up its article : “ T h e S .J.A.B . has every reason to be proud of the work accomplished. It was an immense task to undertake, and the record achieved should be long remembered by a grateful comm unity.”

— F I R S T

* £

IM Jft»

* “

Jh e Grand Jriorg of the Qrder of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AMBULANCE DEPARTMENT. Che St.

John .Ambulance Brigade.

No. 1 D is t r ic t .

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C ommissioner : W. H. WINNY, O.B.E.

-----

SEPTEMBER, 1919 Sunday, „ „ „

Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. 7th.— No.78 Division, Enfield. 14th.— NO. 79 „ General Electric. 21 st.— No. 82 „ Gorringe Park. 28th.— No. 1 „ St. John’s Gate.

From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. COMBINED DRILL. A Combined Drill will be held at the Merchant Taylors’ Schools, Charterhouse-square, E.C.i, on Saturday afternoon, August 30th, at 3 p.m., under the direction of the Corps Superintendent. It is hoped that as many members and officers of all ranks will take advantage of this opportunity of being present, in order to make the drill as successful as possible. The parade will be dismissed at 5 p.m. OFFICER’S TRAINING COURSE. The next meeting in connection with this Course will be held at the Merchant Taylors’ Schools, Charterhouse-square, E.C.i, at 7.30 p.m., on Wednesday, August 20th. Officers and members for promotion to officer’s rank are invited to attend this meeting. SERVICE WITH TH E FORCES. It is desired to complete the record of services of men of the No. 1 District enrolled in the Naval and Military Units during the war. All officers, N.C.O.’s and men are asked to forward to this office, through their Divisional Officer in Charge, where pos sible particulars of service as follows :— Brigade rank. Number. Name. Division. Date of joining the Forces, Reserve or regiment. Regimental num ber. Rank on joining. Station at which joined. Promotions. Rewards or Honours during service. Date of demobilisation. V.A.D.’s should not be included in this return. PEACE CELEBRATIONS. In another column will be found an account of the work done by the Prince of Wales’ Corps of the Brigade on the occa sion of the Peace Celebrations. The Commissioner begs once more to thank all concerned for the very hearty assistance given. He thinks it will be of interest for members of the dis trict to see the following copies of letters which have been re ceived from various authorities for making arrangements :— Metroplitan Police, New Scotland Yard, S.W. 1. August 3rd, 1919. Dear Sir,—I beg to tender my sincere thanks for the work your Brigade rendered on the occasion’ of Peace Celebra tions, and the Great help it was to the police in dealing with the unfortunates who incurred injury. This is only another example of the assistance you have rendered to the public and to the police for so many years. —Yours very truly, (Signed) C. M. Macready . W. H. Winny, Esq., O.B.E., St. John Ambulance Brigade. Indian Contingent, Hampton Court, S.W. August 3rd, 1919. D ear S ir,— T he officers and men of the Contingent

A I D

A u g u st, 1 919.

—

wish to express their thanks and appreciation for the arrangements so kindly made by you yesterday.— Yours faithfully, (Signed) E. C O S T E L L O , Brigadier General, General Officer Commanding. The Commissioner, No. 1 District, St. John Ambulance Brigade. H.M. Office of Works, Storey’s Gate, Westminster. July 23rd, 1919. Dear Sir,— I am desired by the First Commissioner ot Works to ask that you will be good enough to convey to the St. John Ambulance Brigade the sincere thanks of His Majesty’s Government for the excellent arrangements made for the comfort and health of the vast crowds which assembled in the Royal Parks to witness the Procession and the various festivities throughout the day on the occasion of the Peace Celebrations on the 19th inst. I would take this opportunity of thanking you personally for the courteous and prompt way with which you met the numerous requirements of the Department.— Yours faithfully, (Signed) E r n es t H. Bright. W. H. Winny, Esq., O.B.E. St. John Ambulance Brigade. (Signed)

W. H. WINNY, Com m issioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenwill TT.C,

IMPORTANT

NOTICE.

Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— Editor.

Hampstead (No. 20) Division.— The annual Divisional competitions were held on July 8th, with the result that Private Tull secured the Woodgate Cup for individual work, Private Evans the Efficiency Pendant for individual work combined with record attendance at drills, while the Hurst Cup was won by the squad captained by Sergeant Norwood. The tests were set by the Divisional Surgeon, who was assisted in the compe titions by Ambulance Officers Osborn and Milburn, and the work done by the teams and the individual members was highly satisfactory. No. 77 Division.— The Underground Railways 77th Am bulance Division held their annual competitions and sports under ideal conditions in the Institute Fields, Golders Green, on August 9th. Lt.-Col. W. R. Matthews, D.S.O., T.D., R.A.M.C., T.F., late A.D.M.S. 42 Division, B.E.F., very kindly consented to judge the ambulance competitions, assisted by Major D. A. Waite, hon. surgeon of the Division, and Supt. J. M. Hodge, S.J.A.B. The Underground Railway Military Band played selections during the afternoon. The proceedings opened with the “ Agnew” medal indi vidual competition, and the judge said he had a difficult task to select the winner owing to the excellent work of the competitors. Private H. A. Barker proved successful for the medal pre sented by W. A. Agnew, Esq. The “ Nichols ” shield was the next item for competition. This shield was presented in memory of the first chairman of the Railwaymen’s Convalescent Homes Fund, and is now open to competition for all railways. The winning team was F. Edgington. R. Edgington and H. Pilgrim, who were also presented with medals given by A. R. Cooper, Esq. The “ Webb ” cup competition was a most interesting one, as members of the fair sex were the holders, and were deter mined, like John Bull’s dog, not to release their hold, and what

-F IR ST

A ugust, 1 9 19

is very much more to the point they satisfied the judge through their excellent work and combination that they are still the best team. The Misses Travers, Coole, Austin and Wyatt formed the team and were presented with medals given by the Division. Other items on the programme included tugs of war and many races. S. J. Wells, Esq., presented the prizes. No. 2 District. SOUTHAMPTON.— The July Peace Celebrations in the Southampton district gave cause for the Southampton Corps turning out for public duty in large numbers during the period the festivities were being held. A very lengthy street procession and imposing carnival was held on the 19th and repeated on the 21st; and the usual fair was held on the Common. Teas were given to the school children and sports held at the various centres on the 21st and 22nd, and the aged were well catered for on the 26th. The celebrations terminated on the 26th with a grand dis play of fireworks and a huge bonfire on the Common.

R edruth

A mbulance

Tremendous crowds of people witnessed the street proces sion and carnival, and were in evidence at the fair and fire works display, and at each of the functions held members of the St. John Ambulance were in attendance. The work carried out by the members gave ample proof of the necessity of such an organisation, as nearly 100 cases were attended to, some of a more serious nature than others, but it included many re movals to either home or hospital. The local divisions on duty were Southampton, Shirley and Netley, also Southampton, Shirley, Netley, Woolston and Canute Nursing Divisions.

No. 5 District. B O S T O N . — The Diploma of the British Red Cross Society has been presented by Lady Maria Welby to Divisional Surgeon Cecil W. Pilcher and Divisional Superintendent George A. Enderby. Vellum votes of thanks and certificate of thanks have been received by Sergt. S. H. Bourne and Sergt. G. Fox from the Assistant Commissioner on behalf of the Order of St. John. Twenty-two members have been presented with the War Service Badge.

AID. —

No. 6 District. M i d d l e s b r o u g h . — With the permission of the Commis sioner a team of six members of the Middlesbrough Central Division (Yorks. 33 V.A.D.) competed for the Sir William Nussey challenge cup at a V.A.D. North Riding Field Day at Northallerton on July 26th. Seven teams entered, and the S.J.A.B. team (the only Brigade team or Division on the ground) were awarded the cup by the D.D.M.S., Northern Command. The marks gained for practical work were 94 out of 100, and for viva-voce 59 out of 60, or a total of 95.6 per cent, out of the possible. The next nearest team obtained 837 per cent. The captain of the winning team was Pte. A. Grange. The cup was presented, after an address by General Sir Ivor Maxee, G.O.C., Northern Command, to Supt. F. P. Wilson, and the team of the Division by Sir Arthur Stanley, M.V.O., &c., Chairman of the Joint Red Cross and St John’s War Committee. Nearly 1,000 men and women V.A.D. members from the North Riding were present.

and

N u r sin g

D iv isio n .

No. 9 District, R e d r u t h . — Redruth Division was inspected on July 23rd by the Assistant Commissioner, D. M. Barry, R.A.M.C., in the grounds of Pednandrea House, and at a subsequent tea the hostess, Mrs. J. Rich, Lady Supt. of the Nursing Division, presented Divisional Surgeon Dr. F. Hichens with a case of instruments as an appreciation of the services he had rendered the Division. In June last a motor ambulance was handed over to the Division.

Notice is given in the G a z e t t e that a petition has been presented to his Majesty in C ouncil by the British R e d Cross Society praying for the grant of a Supplemental Charter, and that, the K in g having referred the petition to a Com mittee of the Lords of Council, all petitions for or against such grant were to be delivered at the Privy Council Office on or before August 16th.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m en tion “ F irst A id .”

—

F IR ST

A ID

T .

THE

J O G

O ffic ia l

B rig a d e

ST.

H A

JO H N

N Z

N ew s.

JULY, 1919. T h e C hief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— The Chief Commissioner has appointed Miss Dorothy Bean to be Secretary Staff Officer to the Lady Supt.-in-Chief, Nursing Corps and Divisions, vice Miss Mylne, resigned, 28.4.19. Miss Mylne is place on the reserve, 28.4.19. No 1 D istric t (Prince o f W ales’s Corps). No. 82 Gorringe Park Division.— Ernest McIntyre, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon and Supt., 23.6.19. No. 2 Haggerston Division.— Sergt. Alfred Bull to be First Class Sergt.. 17.7.19. No. 2 District. Norton Hill Division.— George Samuel Pollard, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 1.7.19. Gloucester City Division.- -Ambulance Officer M. G. Matty resigned his appointment through ill-health, July, 1919. Oxford Corps (Clarendon Press Division).— Sergt. Charles Foster to Ambulance Officer, 10.7.19. No. 3 District. Leicester Corps (Great Central Railway Division).— John Joseph Dexter to be Divisional Supt., 28.6.19, v>ce Divisional Supt. J. Middleton, resigned. Leicester Corps (Vaughan College Nursing Division).— Miss Ada Geeves to be Nursing Officer, 18.6.19. Wellingborough Corps (Victoria Nursing Division).— William C. Pickering, M.B., B.S., M.R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 4.7.19. Mrs. F. M. Pickering to be Lady Divisional Supt., 4.7.19. Mrs. Minnie Campbell to be Nursing Officer, 4.7.19. Coventry Co-Operative Nursing Division.— Mrs. Sarah Tipler to be Nursing Officer, 3.7.19. Mrs. Mary Carter to be Nursing Officer, 4..7.19. North Worcestershire Corps (Langley and District Divi sion).— Arthur William Courtney Drake, M.B., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 17.7.19. No. 4 District. Burnley Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss Mary Elizabeth Mackenzie to be Lady Divisional Supt., 1.7.19. Miss Mary Armitage Green to be Nursing Officer, 1.7.19. Miss Madge Pollard to be Nursing Officer, 2.7.19. Mrs. Nellie Frankland to be Nursing Officer, 3.7.19. Windermere Division.— Gerald Holroyde, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 15.7.19. No. 5 District. Dewsbury and District Corps (Batley Division).— Sergt. William Postlethwaite to be First Class Sergt., 12.7.19. Warsop Corps (Warsop Main Colliery Division).—Sergt. Thomas Hayes to be Ambulance Officer, 26.7.19, vice Ambu lance Officer W. H. Fry, resigned. Keighley Corps. —Corps Supt. Samuel Clough resigned his appointment, 5.7.19.

AM BULANCE

A T

M E

G A Z E T T E .—

A ugust, 19 19

Sowerby Bridge Division.— Divisional Supt. F. Rawson resigned his appointment, July, 1919. Nottingham Corps (Robin Hood Nursing Division).— Annie M. Stovell to be Nursing Officer, 14.7.19, vice Nursing Officer Esther A. Evans, resigned. Sarah Carnill to be Nurs ing Officer, 15.7.16. North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— Guy R. Hind, M.B., B.S., to be Corps Surgeon, 26.7.19, vice Corps Surgeon Arlidge promoted to Assistant Commissioner. No. 6 District. Etherley Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Stobart, O.B.E., resigned her appointment, June, 1919. Scarborough Y.M.C.A. Division.— Divisional Supt. Dr. C. R. Edmundson resigned his appointment, July, 1919. Gateshead Saltvvell Nursing Division. — Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Corbett resigned her appointment, June, 1919. North Tyneside Corps.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Flor ence Wilson Catchside, A.R.R.C., to be Lady Corps Supt., 1.7.19. Divisional Supt. Arthur Payne, Lieut. R.A.M.C.(V.) to be Corps Supt., 1.7.19. Divisional Supt. John Charles Little Lieut. R.A.M.C.(V.), to beCorps Officer, 1.7.19. Mainsforth Division.— Divisional Supt. P. S. Blunden re signed his appointment, July, 1919. Sunderland Transport Division.— Divisional Supt. A. S. Young resigned his appointment, May, 1919. Hull Corps (Central Division). — Reginald Arthur Loten to be Divisional Surgeon, 18.7.19. Charlaw and Sacriston Colliery Co., Ltd., Division.— John T. Birtley to be Ambulance Officer 17.7.19, vice Ambulance Officer W. E. Simpson, removed from district. Hull Corps (Argyle Division).— Albert Edward Atkin to be Ambulance Officer, 18.7.19. Antony James Wharton to be Am bulance Officer, 19.7.19. No. 8 District. Isle of Sheppey Nursing Division.— W. Hopper Shepherd M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.7.19. Littlehampton Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. A. Bateman resigned her appointment, July, 1919. No. 9 District. Pool Cam Brea Division.— John Bastion to be Divisional Supt., 4.6.19, vice Divisional Supt. C. Hammill, resigned. R. J. James to be Ambulance Officer, 1.7.19. Newton Abbot Corps (Newton Abbot Division).— Lionel Richard G. de Glanville, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 27.7.19. No. 12 District. Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Letitia Overend to be Lady District Officer, 20.6.17. Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Bertha Bruce to be Lady Dis trict Officer, 21.6.17, City of Dublin Corps (North Dublin Nursing Division).— Sarah Moore to be Nursing Officer, 27.6.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss A. Culter, resigned, 4.6 19. Borrisokane Nursing Division.— Miss Evelyn Susan Bruce to be Lady Divisional Supt. 22.7.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Bertha Bruce, promoted. County of Dublin Corps (Kingstown Nursing Division).— Miss Charlotte Nugent to be Nursing Officer, 237.19, vice Nursing Officer Mrs. Anderson, resigned.

A ugust, 1 919,

—

F IR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

N ew D ivisions, & c. No. 5 District. Thorne Division.— 29.7.19 Morley and Ardsley Division (Dewsbury and District Corps) formed into the Morley and District Corps. — 3.7.19. Burton-on-Trent No. 2 Division.— 22.5 19. In charge Robert Arnold, 99, Queen-street, Burton-on-Trent. The Burton-on-Trent Division, registered on 12.10.16, to be known as Burton-on-Trent No. 1 Division. No. 8 District. City of Canterbury Corps.— 7.7.19. Borough of Reigate Corps.— 7.7.19. The following Division has been disbanded :— No. 3 District. Bedford Midland Railway Division. D eaths . No. 6 District. Wardley Colliery Division. — Divisional Surgeon Dr. J. W. Mackay, after a long illness, July, 1919. R oll of H onour . Falconer, Pte. A., New Hartley, 15th Durham Light Infantry. Hargreaves, Pte. S., Guiseley, M.H.H.R. Henderson, Sergt. E., Shildon Colliery, R.N.D. James, Pte, D. J., Dowlais, M.H.H.R. Park, Pte. J. W., Lancaster, M.H.H.R. Pidd, Pte. E., Bridlington, Y.M.C.A. Richardson, Corpl. R. D., Dean and Chapter Colliery, 21st Wessex Field Ambulance. Robe, Pte. R. A., New Hartley, R.F.A. Smith, Pte. J. Beverley, R.E.

JO H N

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

Copp, Clara Ethel, London 138, do. Courtney, Dolly A., Co. Dublin 12, S.J.A.B. Denbigh, Dorothy, W. Lancs. 58, do. Dodson, Annie Glover, Leicester 28, S.J.A.A. Evans, Margaret, Leicester 12, do. Forbes, Elyne I. D., London 248, do. Foster, Lilian Avice, London 284, do. Fullerton, Victoria Clara, Aberdeen 3, do. Green, Ella M., Middlesex 10, do. Grice, Alicia, Kent 44, do. Haslam, Constance, Irene, Northumberland 26, S.J.A.B. Hetherington, Lily, Durham 6, do. Hill, Nina, Leicester 14, S.J.A.A. Holmes, Mary, Antrim 2, do. Iredale, Mary Elizabeth, W. R. Yorks. R., do, Jenkins, Eleanor, London 148, do. Jolly, Elizabeth R. London 118, S.J.A.B. Kennet, Mary Cecilia D., Kent 2, do. King, Louisa M., City of Dublin 46, do. Lyndon-Smith, Gertrude, Limerick 4, do. Marsden, Isabella, E. Lancs. 104, do. Maxwell Stella Fraces (The Hon.), Cavan 4, S.J.A.A. Maxwell, Zoe Emma (The Hon.) Cavan 4, do. McFarlane, Elizabeth Alexander, Glasgow Centre, do. McLennan, Jessie, B., Durham 28, S.J.A.B. Nicholls, Rosetta Annie, Essex 112, do. Papprill, Alice Mary, Leicester 4, S.J.A.A. Preston, Bessie Colbert, Glasgow Centre, S.A.A.A. Scorfield, Hilda, N’land 26, S.J.A B. Stopford, The Lady Eileen, Wexford 2, do. Summer, Florence, Belfast 34, S.J.A.A. Rodger, Margaret R., Surrey 118, do. Thompson, Maude Marion, Suffolk, 54, S.J.A.B. Todd, Mary A., Durham 44, do. Towers Mary E., W. Lancs. 24, do. Weldon, Lucy, W. Yorks. 102, S.J.A.A. Hay, Margaret Dunlop, London 96, S.J.A.B. Stewart. Eileen, City of Dublin 20, do. Tait, Christine, Durham 64, do. Wilson, Daphne Stewart, Armagh 72, S.J.A.A.

M ilitary D ecorations and A wards . Smith, Sergt., Wardley Colliery (Supt.), Military Medal and Bar, and D.C.M. T h e ir Members of the Brigade who have rendered Naval, Mili tary or National Service during the war should notify the Com missioner of their District, through the Superintendent of District, of any Decorations or Awards they may have re ceived from any source, for the information of the Chief Com missioner. The Annual Report of the Chief Commissioner for the year 1918 is now being sent out to all concerned.

S t.

John

V o lu n ta ry

A id

D eta ch m en ts.

Hants.— Miss Banes resigns Commandantship of Hants 76. Mrs. Roberts to be Acting Commandant of Hants 202, vice Mrs. Metcalf, deceased. Lancs. (West).— Mrs. Abercrombie resigns Commandant ship of West Lancs. 22. Lancs. (East).— Miss Bracewell to be Commandant of East Lancs. 246, vice Mrs. S. Whittaker, resigned. Leicester.— Granby Nursing Division has been registered as St. John V.A.D., Leicester 48. Commandant, Mrs. Shaw, 15, Holbrook-road, S. Knighton, Leicester. R.R.C. (2nd Class), Egypt. Arnott, Edith, Jesmond Nursing Division, S.J.A.B. Mentioned in D espatches. Bird, Mary, Elizabeth, Northants 10, S.J,A.B. Brierley, Dorothy Scott, W. R. Yorks 102, S.J.A.A. Burrowes, Rosamund, C. C., Cavan 4, do. Collier, Joan, M., Leicester 28, do.

M a je stie s’

G ard en

P arty.

F o r t u n a t e ly the “ weather permitted ” though there were some misgivings in the minds of their Majesties’ 10,000 invited guests on the morning of July 25th. A l though the majority were in “ Service dress ” there was enough variety among the uniforms and the few ladies <J in mufti ” to brighten the scene. T h e gay throng, the strains of music, the sound of pleasant laughter and talk all seemed so indicative of ease and peace that the grim fact of why all this assemblage was gathered together was almost forgotten ; but as one moved about and met friends whom one had not seen for four years and realised that the interval had been spent in Serbia, in Palestine, in Russia or on the Western front, the true significance of it all was clear. T h o s e sisters in grey and red and the numberless uniformed nurses, what piteous sights had they not witnessed in many a military hospital ward : those fair faced transport drivers, what a long strain their work had been and how one marvelled at their courage and adaptability. T h o s e members of the women’s branches of army or navy and air force; their very existence before 1914 was undreamt of, and yet here were their representatives every one of whom had given her whole mind and energy for their country’s service. One longed to know the name and history of each individual, for there was no one there that had not earned

— FIRST

AID

& THE

ST.

his or her right to this signal recognition. St. John A m b u lance Brigade and Association V .A .D s ., Queen M ary’s Needlework Guild, W .R .N .S ., W .A .A .C .S ., W .R .A .F .S ., W om en ’s Legion, W om en ’s Police and Land Arm y were there, also County Directors, Medical Officers, Organising Secretaries, Mayors, Promoters of Hospitals and [hundreds of others. T h e K in g and Queen and members of the Royal Family walked about amid the crowd talking to various groups or individuals ; the Prince of Wales and his brothers in uniform, and Princess Mary also in that of her V .A .D . Their whereabouts was too easily seen from the dense crowd that swarmed round them, so that those on the outer edges of these groups could, of course, see nothing of the Royal party. This being somewhat disappointing it occurred to various bodies that if they gathered together in one place and their Majesties could walk past them, they would in that way be both seen and able to see. Accordingly these impromptu parades were spon taneously organised and the royal host and hostess graciously paused in front of the not too exactly drilled, ranks chatting with various members of the different units thus marshalled. Conspicuous among these groups, and during the day were the black and white uniforms of the members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and Associa tion, and it would be difficult to beat the smart appearance given by these inconspicuous tones that have so much meaning to all who form part of the Order. T h a t the part paid by the St. John members in war work was no small one could be gauged by the large and representative number present. Am ong them were the following :— H . R .H . the D uke of Connaught, Grand Prior, Rt. Hon. Evelyn Cecil, M.P., Secretary-General, Lady Jekyell, D . B . E , L ad y Oliver, R .R .C ., and Sir Richard Temple. It would be impossible to enumerate all the celebri ties present. Apart from the Royal Family there were Church dignitaries, Ambassadors, Cabinet Ministers and members of both Houses, who, one felt, were present not only on account of their exalted positions, but because they were like all the rest— wars workers. It was in truth a memorial and unique assemblage, and one realised that it was due to the thoughtful and genuine appreciation by the K in g and Queen, who, above all others, have done their war work ceaselessly, unselfishly, and right royally.

S t.

John

W a r

S e rv ic e

B adge.

Commandants of St. John V .A .D s . and Divisional Officers of the S J . A . B . and members of the St. John Am bulance Association desireous of making application for the St. John War Service Badge who have not yet forwarded their applications are requested to do so without further delay. Although the qualifications for this badge have been in circulation for nearly 18 months applications are still being received. T his unnecessarily complicates the work and delays the distribution of the Badges.

When corresponding with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid ”

JOHN

AMBULANCE

The

G rand

GAZETTE.

—

P rio ry of th e

H o sp ita l

of S t. in

John

A ugust,

O rder

1919.

th e

J e r u s a le m

E n g la n d .

C h a n c e r y o f th e O r d e r , S t . f o h n 's G a t e , C l e r k e n w e l l ,

. L o n d o n , E . C . , A u g . $ th , 1 9 1 9 . The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n i g h t o f fu s tic c (fr o m K n i g h t o f G r a c e ) :

The Earl Brassey, A s Lady

o f J u s tic e :

The Marchioness of Carisbrooke. A s K n ig h ts o f G ra ce :

Lieut.-Col. William Bickerlon Edwards, C.B.E., M.D., R.A.M.C. Lieut.-Col. John Edward Henry Davies, D.S.O., M.R.C.S., R.A.M.C. The Lord Treowen, C.B., C.M.G. Lieut.-Col. Henry Edzell Morgan Lindsay, C.B. Lieut.-Col. David Hepburn, C.M.G., M.D., M.R.C.S., R.A.M.C.(T.). Ernest James Wythes. Basil Edgar Mayhew. Col. Sir Charles Ballance, K.C.M.G., C.B., M.V.O., F.R.C.S., A.M.S. Keith William Murray (from Esquire). A s L a d ie s o f G r a c e :

Ada Frances, Lady Mather-Jackson, D.B.E. The Hon. Maud Ernestine, Mrs. Henry Gladstone, C.B.E. Norah, Mrs. Alletson. Elizabeth Wentworth, Mrs. Pardoe, O.B.E. Beryl Stratheden, Mrs. T. H. Ryland. Blye, Miss Bourke (from Honorary Serving Sister). Dorothy Maud, Mrs. McNeile. Edith, Miss Holden, R.R.C. The Duchess of Sutherland. A s H o n o ra ry S e rv in g B ro th e rs George Keary, O.B.E. Samuel Bate. John Bellchambers. Ernest John Parslow. Sidney Dallas. Charles Cook. Arthur Herbert Smithard. A s H o n o ra ry S e r v in g S is t e r s : Alice Maud, Miss Bance. Constance Maude, Mrs. Oswald. F o r E n r o lm e n t a s H o n o r a r y A s s o c ia te s :

Gerald Campbell. The Right Hon. Jonathan Hogg. Albert Charles Turner. Captain Herbert Richmond Bowtell, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. R.A.M.C.(V.). Harold Charles Mamlock, M.D. (Paris), M.R.C.S. (Eng.). George Whitefield Camlin.

August, 1919

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N CE G A ZETTE. — N u r s in g

G en eral

L ette r

C o m m itte e

th e

J o in t

C o u n ty

V .A .D .

D ire c to rs .

D e a r S ir ,—

I s e n d you the following for your inform ation:— July 15th, 1919. O ld

U n if o r m s .

We have been asked by the Russian R e d Cross whether we can let them have any old uniforms. I f there are any members in your county who can help in this way, will they send what they have to Mons. Mouravieff, Russian Embassy, Chesham House, Chesham-place, S.W. I. A u x ilia ry

H o s p ita l

A c c o u n ts ,

1918.

I am asked by the Secretary of the Finance Committee to say that it has been decided to send one free copy of the above report to every Commandant of a Hospital. Would you kindly let me know as soon as possible the names and addresses of hospital commandants in your county who should receive a copy. A free copy will, of course, be sent to y o u rself; other persons requiring copies can have them at 3s. each. E l e c t r ic a l

E q u ip m e n t .

If you have any electrical equipment for massage in your county which has not yet been given away or promised, would you please keep it, as we hope to establish orthopaedic centres in connection with the Ministry of Pensions in different parts of England. L ad y Ampthill would be grateful if in communicating with her regarding V .A .D . members you would give the Christian names, as so many members have the same sur name, and it is extremely difficult to trace them unless the Christian also is given. T r ib u te

V .A .D .s

T h e Committee wishes to give 'a copy of the Army Council’s Tribute to V .A .D .s which appeared in the T im e s in April, to each member of a detachment who has served during the war as a V .A .D . T hese will, of course, be sent to the County Directors for distribution, and I should be glad if you would let me know the number of copies which I should send you. Please do not include the members o f the men’s detachments who joined the Army as regulars, or the women, who though on the roll o f the detachment, have done no regular work during the war. It is only in tended for those who have honestly given their services to the sick and wounded. E m ig ra t io n

o f th e

V .A .D .s

I f you hear of any V .A .D .s in your county who wish to go abroad under the Government Emigration Schem e for ex-service women would you please tell them that we have arranged for all applications to be made through Lady Ampthill. ■U n if o r m s .

V .A .D . members who were given temporary rank for staff appointments during the war, and who are relinquishing that rank are allowed to wear their officers’ uniform for a period o f six months as in the case of officers in the Army.

M em bers

for

M il it a r y

23 H o s p it a l s .

T h e War Office has requested us to post for a short period a considerable number of Nursing V . A . D . members in military hospitals, while the new enlisted men are being trained as orderlies. If, therefore, you have any members in your county who have already served in military hospitals and who will be willing to return on the terms on which they left, will you please ask them to communicate direct to L ad y Ampthill, 52, Grosvenor Gardens, S.W. 1. Yours faithfully, C h i l s t o n , C h ie f C o u n ty D ir e c to r

“ With reference to J .V .A .D . 191, paragraph 1, please note that all badges and buttons must be removed from V .A ,D . Uniforms before it is given to the Russian R ed Cross. All parcels to be sent to the Temporary Stores of British Committee of the Russian R ed Cross in Great Britain at General Buildings, A ld w ych ..”

F irst

A id

F ilm .

It will be of interest to the St. John Am bulance workers, and indeed, other readers of this Journal to learn that a new First Aid film is now in course of preparation. T h e First A id film originally produced for the St. John A m bulance Association, with the kind assistance of mem.bers of the Metropolitan Police Force and the Great Western Railway Centre of the Association has been referred to more than once in these columns, and since it was first produced has been shown in a very large number of towns thoughout the country with great s u c ce ss; those who have been present at any of Am bulance Officer H an m er’s lectures and dem on strations will therefore welcome the new production. Many New First A id features are being introduced, and in addition there is much which will be of interest to the general public. It is hoped that the Film will be ready in the early autumn.

Street collections in L ond on have been very numerous during the last few years, and there has been some anxiety as to the amount which would be available for the objects of the collection after expenses were paid. A report lately issued will do much to allay anxiety. In the months of April, May and June there were 22 of these collections, and out of a total of ,£82,910, a net sum of , £ 7 7 , 1 3 1 was applied to the purposes for which the collections were made. This shows the average expenditure to have been about 7 per cent. In many cases it was less. For all main collections there have been plenty of voluntary workers, coming from all sections o f the community. But in some cases the percentage of cost has been very heavy, and the authorities are wise in laying down the rule that, where the percentage has been unduly high, any further permit will be refused, or granted only after satisfactory assurances that the expenditure will be reduced. It is in the collections for the smaller and local charities that the expenses have given most cause for complaint. In the col lection for “ Our D ay,” held last October, a total of ^ 7 7 , 4 4 9 was raised, and .£4,838, or about 6 per cent., went in expenses, an amount not regarded as unduly high

A ugust, 19 19

C o m m e m o ra tio n

B anner

fo r

C h ester

C a th e d ra l. A C o m m e m o r a t i o n banner of great beauty and wonderful workmanship was presented to Chester Cathedral as the gift of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the British R e d Cross Society in Cheshire, and was recently accepted and dedicated by the V ery Rev. John Darby, D .D ., Dean of Chester, to commemorate for ever the work of tending the sick and wounded in the eighty-six hospitals in Cheshire during the Great War. On the front is a border with the Oak of England arranged as a geneaological tree, upon the branches of which are small shields with the regimental badges of the

patients who have passed through these hospitals, worked in military embroidery in gold by the men of the W.S.L . Workshop for Disabled Sailors and Soldiers. T h e shields in the corners of the borders are those of England, Scot land, Ireland and Wales, emblazoned in correct colouring and embroidery. T h e dove in the centre of the top border denotes Peace and the shining of the H o ly Spirit upon this troubled world. T h e centre has a stencilled design of Rose, Thistle, Shamrock and L eak as background, with the two badges in embroidery of St. John and the R ed Cross superimposed upon it. T h e scroll underneath contains the two mottoes of the societies. On the reverse of the banner, which was designed and worked by Miss Mary Symonds, are the Arms of Chester Cathedral, a short inscription describ ing the object of the banner, and having a list of the names of the eighty-six hospitals underneath. W e are indebted to T h e Q u e e n for the reproduction of the banner.

Miss has been £ 9 0 0 by enable her

Laura Sanders, a V .A .D ., awarded a scholarship of the B .R .C .S . in order to to train as a doctor.

Q -M.-S. Chesterman, of the Oxford City Division, has been brought to the notice of the Secretary of State for War for valuable services r e n d e re d ; he also gained the Meritorious Service Medal during the war. Sir Edward Tootal Broadhurst, Bt., J.P., D .L ., has consented to be President of the Manchester Centre, S J . A . A . H e is well known in M an chester for his interest in all good work, and we feel sure he will be a strength to the Association.

W e are informed that “ The White Cross of St. John,” 3rd edition, by Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B., C.M .G., is now in the press. It has been thoroughly revised and enlarged ; price 2S, 6d. Enquiries respecting this book should be made to Messrs. Dale, Reynolds & Co., Ltd., 46, Cannonstreet, London, E.C.4.

A m ong the latest recipients of the medal of the Queen Elizabeth (Belgian) is Mrs. Twiss, wife of Col. Twiss, who was in charge of the Eastleigh Military Hospital. Mrs. Twiss, who is Lady Supt. of the Southampton Nursing Division, has worked indefatigably throughout the war for the relief and alleviation of the sufferings of the sick, wounded and refugee Belgians.

—FIRST

A ugust, 1919.

AID. —

fied nursing is not available. CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l —

St. John Ambulance Brigade Report, 1918

Ambulance Work on Peace Day ...

D is t r ic t

she characterises as immensely interesting.

V ...............

Mr. A. W. Faire, County Director for Leicestershire,

speaking at a recent meeting of the V .A .D .s , said that in future there would be many opportunities for showing the

public their usefulness.

the V .A .D .s ; there were many development^ ahead, and if they all remained loyal to the movement they would in

T h e S t. J o h n A m b u la n c e G a z e t t e —

Official Brigade News ... Their Majesties’ Garden Party ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England St. John War Service Badge General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee to County Directors ... First Aid Film ... Commemoration Banner for Chester Cathedral Brevities ... Practical Points from the Textbook ... The Work of the S.J.A.B. in London During Peace Celebrations Factory First Aid ...

22 22 23 23 24 25 26

A Curious Accident Efficiency in First Aid ... Uses of First Aid and

A nsw ers to

th e

* * * T h e splendid service rendered by the Life Boat Ser vice is fully recorded in the annual report of the National Life Boat Institution for 1918. It has nobly

2S 28 28

in time of Peace and has eir n e d for it the title of “ T h e R e d Cross of the Sea.”

29 29

*** Several of our readers have written asking us if they are entitled to the British War Medal. T h e A rm y Order [ ( B 1 9/39) 21000/2447 7/ i 7 H. & S. 731700] dealing with this subject states “ it will be granted to members of woman

formation who have been enrolled under a direct contract of service, for service with his Majesties Imperial Forces,

3°

and all who have served on the staffs of military hospitals, and all members of recognised organisation who actually

E d it o r —

Brigade Song ...

a short time be proud of it. W e counsel other V .A .D .s to follow the advice of Mr. Faire, for we feel sure there is a useful and interesting career for them in the future.

maintained its splendid traditions of arduous and devoted service to the seafarers of all nations. Its record in war has been in harmony with its steady and devoted services

C o r r esp o n d en ts—

Fracture of Femur Treatment of Hernia Fracture of Knee cap ... Practical Points from the Textbook

T h e r e was a great future before

27 28

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s —

L e tte r

patients, and urges ex-V-A.D .s who were employed as chauffeurs during the war to take up similar work, which

R ep o r ts—

No. 1 ... ... ... No. 2 ; No. 5 ; No. 6 ; No. 9

Q u e r ie s

She finds that her knowledge

of dressings and bandaging is most helpful to doctor and

B re v itie s*

handled sick and wounded, who either entered a theatre pf war on duty or who left their places of residence and rendered approved service overseas.

this column last month a speech was recorded which Sir A. Stanley made at Chester. We are informed that

* * *

our correspondent made an error in recording this. Sir A. Stanley’s actual words were, “ that a Joint Committee was at present sitting and drawing up an agreement, and

T h e scheme drawn up by Dr. Hagberg Wright for turning the R ed Cross War Library into a Peace Library is described by Mrs. H. M. Gaskell, C .B .E ., in a pamphlet

that he had every hope that within the next few days they would have a compact signed.” Up to the time of going

issued by the British R e d Cross Society and Order of St. John. It is to be installed in a suitable building in

to press we have no information that the agreement has been signed. * * *

London, in as central and convenient a position as possible, and is to be under the control of trustees. D is

A novel though practical outlet for nursing experience acquired during the war has been discovered by an exV.A.D. and ambulance driver, who has become what she describes as chauffeur-nurse to a busy country doctor, whose patients live miles apart. Without competing with discharged soldiers or trained village nurses, she claims, states the D a il y M a i l , to have found a way of being really useful in simple isolated cases or emergencies where quali

tributions will be made to hospitals in all parts of the British Empire, and it is hoped that some anangem ent will be made by which magazines and books, stamped but not addressed, may find their way to headquarters through the assistance of the Post Office. T h e public will be invited to send the Library any books which they can spare or may wish to dispose of, but we gather that parish magazines, which were

sent

“ in s h o a ls ”

stages of the war, are not needed.

the early

T h e R e d Cross Society

will allocate .£3,000 a year to the scheme for five years.

—FIRST

P ra c tic a l

P o in ts

fro m

th e

T e x tb o o k .*

Contributed by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M.R.C.S., Eng H o n . A ssociate O rd e r o f St. J o h n j H on . S urgeon St. Jo h n A m bu la n ce B rig a d e ; A u t h o r o f “ A id s to F ir s t A id ,” S-v., &*c. ( C o n tin u e d fr o m page p .) Ch apter IV . (M iscellaneous Injuries). P a g e n o . — With Burns and Scalds, please remember that the great dangers are Shock and Sepsis. N o one knows why Shock results, though it has been attributed to chemical poisons formed at the seat of injury. Sepsis is favoured by the destruction of tissue which provides material in which germs flourish. W hen removing adherent cloth ing, what ever you do, do not use your penknife as a substi tute for a sharp pair of scissors. I fear that the Textbook is inconsistent in its teaching when, having in view of the increased risk of sepsis associated with oils rightly eliminated, such dressings for Burns and Scalds,, it advises you here and again on p. 207, to soak adherent clothing with o i l !! P a g e i n . — Some of you do not approve the cotton wool treament of Burns ! Patients and doctors do !! T h e former say that it is most soothing and comfortable; the latter affirm that this emergency dressing is more quickly and easily removed than any other. Stand by the old Textb ook and continue to use strips of lint “ the breadth of the palm of the hand,” remembering always that burns in the region of the neck, by reason of their proximity to brain and spinal cord, cause a grave degree of Shock. P a g e 11 3 .— Stings of Plants, &c., produce their effects through an acid injection and are consequently treated by alkalies. One part of Am monia with four parts of water will give you “ dilute ammonia.” Blue bag contains a combination of alkalies, of which bicarbonate of soda pre dominates, and is most efficaceous if applied as a paste. Death from Shock may rapidly supervene after a wasp sting if the poison is injected directly into the vein. P ag e 1 1 5 .— With-hook in skin you can do as the T e x t book says, or, if more convenient, you can first push the hook through skin and then clip it off, finally withdrawing portion with dressing. By-the-way, do not tell your examiner that “ lint soaked in hot water ” is a fomentation !! It is only such when the lint has been thoroughly w r u n g o u t oj b o ilin g w ater, to remove all moisture which would other wise scald the part. P a g e 116 .— -For Foreign B ody in E ye active inter ference is allowed “ when skilled help cannot be had.” T h is — and Poisoned Wounds (p. 10 1 )— constitute the only two conditions, for which the T ex tb ook specificately indi cates such action. By-the-way, use the patient’s handker chief, moistened with his own saliva to remove foreign body. Patients object to other people’s dirty handkerchiefs (and saliva)— though not to their own L! Lastly, to me a “ little” castor oil signifies one or at most two drops, while one part of vinegar and four parts of warm water makes a “ dilute solu tio n ” for Lim e in the Eye. R ubbing an injured eye leads to acute inflammation (with possible eventual loss) of the eye. * Lecture delivered to members of S.E. & C. Railway Ambulance Centre at Cannon Street Hotel, February 4th, 1919.

AID. -

August, 1919

P a g e 1 1 7 .— With or without a Foreign B ody is his Ear, a wise man will allow no one other than a doctor to “ syringe or probe the e a r ” at any time, lest permanent injury result to the drum of the ear with consequent deaf ness. Another danger of unskilful attempts to remove a foreign body from the ear passage arises from the fact that the c e n tr e 0 ) t h e p a s s a g e is i t s n a r r o w e s t p a r t . If, there fore, a foreign body is pushed beyond this point, then the utmost difficulty would be experienced even by an expert, in getting it back. Indeed, a major operation may be required for its recovery. With Foreign Body in the Nose, a child may fail to understand your instruction to blow his nose. For this reason, tickling the nose with a paper spill is a far more gentle method than applying the pepper-pot, and is equally efficacious. P a g e 18.— I f you ever have to treat an Abdominal Wound “ with bowel protruding,” then I beg you most earnestly not to change the dressing “ every two or three minutes.” This would be culpable Meddlesome First-Aid. Y o u will be more true to First Principles if you apply the hot fomentation, cover up with a thick layer of cotton wool and obtain medical aid quickly. By-the-way, the addition of one teaspoonful of salt to each pint of boiling water used for the fomentation would be good treatment. P a g e 120.— Injuries to the Abdominal Organs are usually accompanied by a grave degree of Shock, often associated with insensibility, by reason of the involvement of the sympathetic nerves with which the organs are richly supplied and through which they are connected with the main nervous system. P a g e 21.— One out of every ten men is said to suffer from Rupture, the danger of which is that the protruding bowel may be constricted by the abdominal muscles and result in obstruction to the circulation (with consequent strangulation) of the bowel. H o t fomentations would hasten this complication by drawing more blood to the part. T h e rupture may suddenly occur or may be old stand ing. In the latter case symptoms arise when more bowel passes into the swelling. In both cases sudden pain and sickness— with a swelling— suggest possibilities of strangu lation. Raising the knees and shoulders relaxes the muscles of abdomen and avoids constriction of the rupture. C h a p te r

V. ( I n s e n s i b i l i t y ) .

124— Many of you insist on placing (or mis placing) the sympathetic nervous system within the spinal canal instead of upon the front of the bodies of the spinal vertebrae! Interference with the epiglottis— either by solids or fluids or by falling backwards of tongue which (like the potted variety) curls backward from tip to base— will cause chooking or obstruction of windpipe. P a g e 127.— Three degrees of In sen sib ility— sleep, stupor and com a— are now recognised, and three tests— response to speech and touch, activity o f pupils and sensi tiveness of conjunctiva— are applied to distinguish between them. T h e pupils being under the control of a local nervous mechanism which co-ordinates their action and which in its turn is regulated by the Brain Centres— it follows that, when the functions of the Brain are in abeyance, as in coma, then there can be no reaction of the pupils. P a g e 128.— T h e objects of Treatm ent are ( a ) to en sure “ action of heart and l u n g s ” and (b ) “ to prevent stupor from deepening into com a.” A s a fact, this is a difference without a distinction, and if any of you in your Page

—FIRST

A ug ust, 1919.

difficulties ask me how you, as First-Aiders, can carry out the second instruction, then lean only tell you that you are doing this when you take steps to ensure the action of heart and lungs. P a g e 130.— T h e warning to withhold warm tea and coffee after return to consciousness in cases where “ haemorrhage, internal or external, is apparent or susp ected ” requires great discrimination. In a case of profound haemorrhage one most distressing feature is often thirst, which is due to loss of blood and can be partially relieved by the administration of fluid. U nder these cir cumstances cold water g iv e n f r e e l y in s ip s would certainly be indicated and warm drinks may be useful. On the other hand, hot drinks, brandy, and smelling salts would, in my opinion, be contra-indicated— e x c e p t i n th e v e r y r a r e em erg e n cy quoted on p. T44 wher.e the patient is in extremis — because they might unduly stimulate the heart and bring about delayed (reactionary) haemorrhage.

t 3 r . — T h e Nervous Affections are indirect causes of Asphyxia which they bring about either by poisoning of the blood or by effects on the brain cells, while the remain ing causes are direct. Similarly in treatment Schafer and Silvester are direct methods of artificial respiration whereas Laborde is indirect. Page

P a g e 132.— With Choking (and in Poisoning) the forcible opening of a patient’s mouth is not so easy as it sounds, owing to the spasmodic contraction of the jaw muscles. It is best effected by slipping between the patient’s teeth the flat handle of a spoon and then twisting the spoon round so as to lever apart upper and lower jaws and keep mouth open. D o not forget to protect your fingers with 2 or 3 layers of lint a g a i n s t a c c id e n t a l a n d p u r p o s e f u l b i t i n g by the patient, lest you receive cause to regret your neglect of the warning given on p. 20. Further, if the patient (especially a child) resists, pinch his nostrils, not to hurt but to obstruct his breathing until his struggles compel him f o r w a n t op a i r to relax the forced compression of his jaws. When this happens, seize your opportunity and carry on. P a g e 232.— Swelling of Tissues of Throat is now dis cussed under “ Insensibility,” and the new instructions to “ lay patient before the fire ” are, therefore, quite correct. If, however, the patient is fully conscious, then he will probably be more comfortable and better able to breathe if placed sitting before a fire, in accordance with the teach ing of previous editions of Textbook. H o t fomentations will draw blood to the surface of neck and so relieve con gestion of throat, on which cold drinks will act locally with soothing effect. P a g e 133.— T h e reference to petrol as a “ heavier than war air,” gas, with the consequent advice to the rescuing First Aider to “ move in an upright position ” is incomplete unless we add that it is also highly inflammable, and for this reason a source o f further danger to all concerned. Producer gas brings about symptoms of poisoning by C ar bonic Oxide through changes in the blood pigment (haemo globin)— for which excess of free oxygen is indicated and administered from a special cylinder which is usually obtainable (if not already kept in readiness) from the chemists. P a g e 135.— Y o u will be puzzled at this point of your study of the Textb ook unless you realise that Rule 4 follows on R u le 3 of page 130 and belongs to the General Rules of Treatment of Insensibility “ when breathing is absent.”

{T o be continued).

AID — T h e

w o rk

B rig a d e

th e in

P eace

S t.

John

London

A m b u la n c e

D u rin g

C e le b ra tio n s.

For the past two or three years owing to the number of occasion on which special ceremonies in connection with the war have been held in L ondon, at which large crowds usually assemble, the work of the No. x District in provid ing men and nurses and equipment for duty in the public streets has been exceptionally heavy. T h e Memorial Services held at St. P au l’s Cathedral, the services at the Abbey, special functions on a large scale, such as entertainments to or on behalf of wounded soldiers, have kept the members busy. It is very satisfactory to record that on these many occasions connected with the war, the Commissioner of the No. 1 District was always supported by an adequate number of volunteer workers to deal with cases. With the signing of the armistice in N ovember last, a n e w , and in some cases, a more boisterous series of c e l e brations began. During Armistice Week, men and nurses did duty night after night at Trafalgar Square. At the special Thanksgiving Services at St. Paul’s Cathedral a large aumber of members were on duty in N ovem ber last and again in July. During the recent Peace Celebrations an enormous amount of work was done, sometimes in circumstances of exceptional difficulty, with a cheerfulness and efficiency that cannot be too highly commended. O n July 19th the duty was an exception long one. T h e staff was required to be on duty at eighteen stations along the line of route to treat cases arising out of the Victory March of the Allied Forces. Sir Neville Macready, the Commissioner of the M etro politan Police, has written, expressing his high appreciation of the work done by the Brigade on that occasion. H e says : “ This is only another example of the assistance rendered to the public and police for so many years.” T h is duty extended from early morning to past mid night, as in the afternoon H .M . Office of Works arranged that the entire responsibility for the treatment o f civilian casualities should rest with the Prince of W ales’s Corps of the St. John Am bulance Brigade. Entertainments had been arranged on a large scale in each of the five Royal Parks, but the bulk of the work occurred in H y d e Park, where, owing to the dense crowds assembling in the after noon for entertainments, and the evening for fireworks and flares, many people suffered from faints, and in some cases more serious mishaps. A good supply o f ambulance motor cars belonging to the Divisions of the Brigade, was available, and patients were removed to hospitals or else assisted on their way home. Marquees were erected in all the Royal Parks, some six or seven tents being pitched in H y d e Park, one o f which served as a refuge for patients until early Sunday morning. Other duties have been undertaken in connection with the Visits of their Majesties the K in g and Queen to the City, demonstrations in H y d e Park, at varying intervals, and also at the Water Pageant on Monday, August 4th, which formed a fitting conclusion to a unique series of celebrations. M any cases, of course, were dealt with on these various

—FIRST

occasions, and on July 19th more than seven thousand casualties were registered. Where all worked so well, it would be invidious to select anyone for special mention, and special praise is due to the enthusiasm and ready sacrifice shown by the rank and file of the Brigade in carrying out their duties. This was recognised a t the R o ya l Garden Party held at Buckingham Palace on July 25th, when H er Majesty the Queen, at the instance of the Secretary General of the Order of St. John, the Rt. Hon. Evelyn Cecil, inspected a number of Am bulance and Nursing Officers of the No. 1 District, who were hastily collected together. She ex pressed to the Commissioner, Mr. W. H. Winny, her high appreciation of the work done by the Prince of Wales’s Corps, not only during the Peace Celebrations, but through out the war during air raids. T h e whole of the first aid work rendered at the request of the authorities (the Police, H .M , Office of Works, and Military Authorities) to the civil population during recent Peace Celebrations, was carried out by the Prince of Wales’s Corps without help from any other organisation. On Monday, July 31st, there appeared in that day’s issue of T h e D a i l y T e le g r a p h , a long article, in which high appreciation was expresssed of the work done by the Brigade. T h e Headquarters Officers on duty on the occasion of Peace Celebrations in London, July 19th, 1919, were :— Commissioner W. Humphris Winny, O .B .E ., Assistant Commissioner S. H. Vilven, Assistant Commissioner J. M. Carvell, District Surgeon C. J. R. MacFadden, O . B . E , District Officer L F. Hayman, District Officer J. Calvin Lines, District Officer S. B. Piers, Lady District Officer Miss K Hunt, Lady District Officer Mrs. J. Calvin Lines, Corps Superintendent W. B. Liddell, Corps Officer S. J. Warren, Corps Officer G. Pape, M .B .E ., District Sergeant James Elam.

F acto ry

F irst

A id

A s s o c ia tio n .

A m e e t i n g o f the Factory First A id Association was held on July 9th, at the Birmingham Chamber o f Commerce. T h e leading manufacturers of First A id Outfits were well represented, and the new order affecting Laundries was discussed. T h e Association has done excellent work in maintain ing a high standard of excellence in respect to Factory First Aid equipment, and it is largely due to their efforts that the Cases supplied to Engineering works, under the H o m e Office order nave been so useful in practice, and reasonable in price. It was decided at this meeting to send a deputation to the H o m e Office with reference to Laundry First Aid Cases, so that such equipments will give maximum service without being unnecessary expensive to owners of small Laundries.

T h e story of the work of the Canadian R ed Cross is told in “ T h e Maple Leaf’s R e d Cross,” by Miss Mary M c L e o d Moore (Sheffington, 5s. net). T h e ' Society was founded in C anada in 1896, and during the South African War did good work. When war began the Society had eight provincial branches, having under their jurisdiction 156 local branches. Inside a year there were 309. When war ended there were 1,303.

AID. —

A ugust, 19 19

^practical joints. The E d it o r invites Notes on actual Cases— w ith special reference to good and bad to in ts in Treatm ent— fo r inclusion in th is Column.

u r i o u s

c c i d e n t

A little girl, aged 8, while drinking out of a tin metal polish bottle, had her tongue drawn into the neck, and owing to the air pressure it could not be released. The doctor at the Hospital where she was taken, cut off the bottom of the bottle, but so firmly was the tongue wedged in the aperture that he had to divide the bottle from, top to bottom before he could get it out.— D. M., Fleet-street.

f f i c i e n c y

ir s t

i d

A woman, who had incurred the displeasure of another member of her own sex, was pushed to the ground and sus tained an incised wound of the head with arterial bleeding. A police constable immediately placed the woman in a recum bent position while he applied a clean folded pocket handker chief to the wound. Then at a loss for a bandage and on the alert lest change of position should restart the bleeding, he sur prised the bystanders by removing her garter, which, being of the elastic ornamental kind, he applied firmly over the pad and so obtained complete arrest of haemorrhage.— A. J. M., New Cross.

s e s

o f

ir s t

i d

Being senior ambulance man on duty on Peace Day at a well-known Railway Terminus, I was summoned by one of our female staff to a woman who, being found in a state of insensiblity due to collapse from lack of food and pressure of crowd, had been removed to a waiting-room. As I reached the patient, a second woman, who had been harrassing my assistant with futile offers of assistance, sud denly complained of faintness. She did not appear very bad, and so, partly to get rid of her and partly to obtain purer air for her, 1 took her by the arm and led her out of the waitingroom on to the station platform. There we met a station de tective who, immediately recognising my patient, raised his hand, and, pointing to the station exit, said— “ Outside, Eliza, and quickly !” The effect was instantaneous, and my patient, now completely recovered, without delay proceeded to the exit and as she went protruded her tongue and applied her extended her right hand to her nose at the detective. Having noted this little incident, I returned to the first patient and by enquiries directed paitly to my assistant and partly to our patient, who was now recovering rapidly, I elicited the fact that she had a wallet containing £ 6 c o in bank and treasuiy notes inside her corset and a further sum of £30 in a handbag. Truly the fool ishness of some women and the uses of First Aid are beyond our conception.— E. J. P., Charing Cross.

Various correspondents in one of the medical journals have been suggesting that the words “ colds ” and “ chills” should not be used by doctors, as they give the erroneous idea that cold air and open windows produce colds, and that colds are slight affections not worth staying at home for. It is suggested that the term “ infective catarrh ” would teach the public that they get their colds by infection in stuffy and crowded places, and that they should stay in bed when attacked so as to avoid affecting others.

—FIRST

A ugust, 1919.

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt w ith under the follow ing rules :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Q u e ry ” and addressed —First Aid, 46, Cannon-street, London , E .C . 3 .— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Q uery Coupon” cut from the current issue of the Jo u rn a l, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

3. — The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns, is ike Revised (1917) E d ition of S .J.A .A . M anual of First-A id.

F racture of F emur . C. P. (Llanbradach).—.The Revised Textbook teaches us with Fractured Thigh to apply the inner splint “ from top of thigh to just above knee.” Is this correct ? Dr. Cantlie taught “ to the knee,” and this— in conjunction ■with h is definition o f a s p lin t —was usually accepted as “ just below and including knee-joint.” The instructions—“ just above knee” —in Revised Textbook, though strictly correct, are unfortunate, because they may cause an inexperienced FirstAider to select too short a splint. Personally, for First-Aid purposes I prefer an internal splint which extends from fork to feet.— N. Corbet Fletcher.

T reatment of H ernia . W. S. (Wakefield).— Our instructor recently advised raising of head and shoulders and applying hot applications to groin in treatment of Hernia. As this is contrary to Textbook I desire to know if he was right. No. The application of heat to a rupture is a most serious mistake, which in ptactice would probably result in strangula tion of the bowel and possibly in death of the patient from this cause. The raising of head and shoulders is correct. For further particulars see this month’s instalment of article on “ Practical Points,”— N. C. F.

F racture of K nee -cap. E. P. (Barry)— The Textbook in dealing with Fracture of Knee-cap (p. 64), while it shows the knots on the anterior aspect of the limb, is not definite either in context or in illustration as to whether the bandages should be passed over o r under the splint. Should we in practice tie the knots under the splint ? No. The splint is used so that the bandages may secure firm control of knee-joint and fractured patella. The bandages, therefore, must be passed ro u n d lim b a n d s p lin t and the knots tied off on in front of limb in middle line and in closest possible apposition to the bone, in which position they will both fix the broken bone and also lie on the tendon of the patella without causing increased pain due to pressure on the bone.—-N. C. F.

P ractical Points from T extbook . H. C. (Montreal).- (1) In the June issue Dr. Corbet Fletcher in an article on “ Practical Points from the Textbook ” says that “ all knots, whether of slings or bandages, are placed on the injured side.” This is in direct contradiction to the Textbook, as, for examples, the knots of bandages for frac

AID. —

tured ribs, arms, clavicle and scapula. Further (2) for Strained Muscles he states the Textbook “ breaks its own rule of using cold as first choice of local applications.” In all the Textbooks that I have seen (and I have them back to the tenth edition) there is no mention of cold appli cations. (1) By omitting my words “ where possible” you are con victed either of ignorance of the Qualifications of a First-Aider or of inability to put same into practice, while you credit me with a statement which I never made. As a fact, I was speak ing of slings and dressing bandages, but even so the excep tions which you quote do not disprove my General Rule which is based on Textbook instructions, because it is im p o s sible to tie off these bandages on the injured side if they are put on correctly. So read one of your many Textbooks, and you will find that the rule— “ all knots, whether of slings or bandages, are placed on the injured side where possible”— is correct. (2) Here again the exercise of the Qualifications of a FirstAider (don’t forget Chapter I. when you read your Textbook) would have saved you sending the most utterly foolish query of the year and from again attributing to me what I never said. God save the King ! I point out to you the only condition for which the Textbook does not lecommend first choice of cold applications, and you reply that the Textbook advises heat!— N. C. F.

London

A m b u la n c e

S e rv ic e .

I t was reported to the L ond on County C oun cil on July 8th that the Establishment and Fire Brigade Committees had considered a letter from the Metropolitan Counties Branch of the British Medical Association urging that in stead of appointing a principal administrative assistant in the London ambulance service as proposed, an officer should be appointed possessing medical qualifications. T h e two committees also jointly received a deputation from the Branch, but after going carefully into the matter, both committees were unanimously of opinion that the post should be purely administrative, and that medical advice should be given by the C oun cil’s medical officer of health. It was decided to increase the administrative staff, which works under the chief officer of the Fire Bri gade, by one senior assistant and three assistants of other classes. '

Supts. Bussey, Ward and Wilkinson, and 42 men of other ranks of the Nottingham Corps have been presented Special War Service Medals in connection with their work of unloading Hospital Trains. T h e North Brierley A m b u lan ce and Nursing Divisions have been presented with one of the R e d Cross motor ambulances, and the Bradford Corporation have consented to it being housed in a Sub-Fire Station. T h e annual church parade of the Gloucester Corps was held on July 27th. T h ere was a capital muster, the City Division and Wagon Works contributing 55, and the R ed Cross D etachm ent 35. T h e City Division was in charge of Ambulance Officer Smith and Sergeant Jackson ; Divisional Superintendent W. Palmer led the Wagon Works, and C om m andant W. Watts the R e d Cross D e tachment. Mr. T . W. Wilson was responsible for the arrangements of the parade.

- FIRST

3®

AID.—

August

19(9.

Setters to the Sditor. We are in no way responsible fo r the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents. — Editor, Etc.

BRIGADE

SONG.

fo r

Dear Sir, In an old copy of F i r s t A i d (February, 1907) I came across a reference to a Brigade song, composed by Dr. Russell Todmorden, the chorus of which ran somewhat as follows :— Then to the cross, the old white cross, Be every honour paid ; The star of love that floats above The old St. John’s Brigade.

Uniforms and Equipm ent Vast modern factory resources, added to a century's experience, enables us to supply First A id and all other Services with uniforms and e q u ip m e n t of g u a ra n te e d materials, workmanship and finish - a t prices that challenge comparison with any other clothing of. equal quality.

Can you tell me if this song is still in existence and where it may be bought ? Thanking you in anticipation.— Yours faithfully, M ark

Y. Se l f .

[We regret we cannot inform our correspondent on this subject ; perhaps some of our readers may be able to assist him.— E d.]

Prices and Samples on request.

T h e “ H yd ro,” at Bridlington, has been taken over by the East Riding branch of the British R ed Cross Society, to be equipped and maintained as a convalescent home for discharged and disabled soldiers and sailors sent by the Ministry of Pensions. It will eventually afford accommo-_ dation for 150 m e n ; at present 74 rooms have been furnished.

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A s t h e r e is o n ly a l i m ite d n u m b e r av a ilab le, o r d e r s will be t a k e n strictly in r o ta tio n . A Supt. writes : “ I think they are splendid, and I hope the receipents of them will be proud, and when they look at them it will bring a sense of having done their duty.” Hwarbcfc to in appreciation of valuable services venbereb in Hir IDnties bluing tbe Great tHHar. 1914*1918. * g * *

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-FIRST

AID. — A S K

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— FIRST

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AID. — M ANUALS

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A ID ”

R E P L IE S

CO U PO N .

be c u t o u t a n d e n c lo s e d w i t h a l l Q u e r ie s A u g .,

1919.

FIRST AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

No. 303 — Vol. X X V I . TO

----

AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

N O T IC E

AID

S E P T E M B E R ., 1919.

GAZETTE.

DALE. PRICE THREEPENCE

[ k n t t r t d a t S ta n o n e r s ' H a lL \

READERS.

[3 / 6 P e r

A n n u m , P o st

F ree

(d) T h e conduct of the Reservist during the qualifying period must be certified as satisfactory.

F I R S T AID is published on the 1 0 t h of ea ch m on th . The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

(e) Approved

Its aim and object being the advancement oi Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement ar.d also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for tublication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon Street, London, E.C. 4. Telegraphic Address: ‘‘ Twentv-four, London." Telephone No. 54.77 Bank.

EDITORIAL.

service in any

other

Auxiliary

F orce (including Colonial Auxiliary Forces) will be allowed to reckon. This recognition of the members of the R .N .A .S . B .R . will be much appreciated, and in due course a Brigade Order

will

issued,

giving

full

particulars

applicants should obtain the proper form Headquarters, and this when completed

when

from

Brigade

should

be for

warded through the Divisional Superintendent to the C hief Commissioner.

A le tte r

of thanks from the Arm y

Red C ro ss

Council to the Joint War Com m ittee of

H o sp ita ls.

the R e d Cross appears in this issue.

is an appreciation of the Council o f the T h e L on g

In our correspondence column appears

most generous and loyal service which

a letter from a reader asking us if he

rendered to the national cause.

S e r v i c e M e d a l , is entitled to the Royal Naval VolunR .N .A .S .B .R .

teer Reserve Service Medal. made enquiries

on the

W e have

subject, and

all units have

T here has also just been

published by the Joint Com m ittee the accounts

of the

Auxiliary Hospitals for the year ended D ecem b er 31st, 1918.

T h e feature of the report is a summary of the

are pleased to announce that the Admiralty have just de

hospitals’ operations during the whole war period.

cided to grant the Reserve Long Service Medal to members

proud record, as the report says, of the work done by the

of the Royal Naval Auxiliary Sick Berth Reserve.

hospitals and of the vast sums administered by C oun ty

T o be

It is a

eligible for this medal the following conditions must be

Directors, and the patients treated— nearly one-half o f the

conformed w i t h :—

total casualties of the war.

(a) T h e Reservist shall have attended and been

T h e report, which is a final record of the work of the

certified as efficient at every inspection of his Division

hospitals under the Joint Committee, justifies its compilers’

held by the Inspecting Medical Officer, Sick Berth

concluding observations that “ no one would deny that

Reserve, during 12 consecutive years, less any time

the work of the Auxiliary Hospitals during the war has

brought in under clause ( e ) ;

been suucessful beyond all expectations— a success chiefly

(b) H e must hold the Nursing Certificate of St. Johg Am bulance A ssocia tion ; (c) H e must have passed the examination in Advanced

First Aid and Nursing, and

afterwards

due to the loyalty of those who daily gave their time and energy to the work. T h e Army Council, in acknowledging the receipt of the report, expressed their gratitude to those who have

have satisfactorily completed a “ Hospital ” or “ IVIan

compiled this publication for the valuable assistance which

of War ”

has thus been rendered towards the economical administra

course.

(Active Service satisfactorily per

formed, of not less than six months’ duration shall be

tion of Auxiliary Hospitals.

counted as “ Hospital ” and “ M an of War ” course

report can be obtained, price 3s., from the R e d Cross

combined ;

Headquarters, 83, Pall Mall, S.W. 1,

It should be stated that the

—

F I R S T

uht Grand Triorg of the Ordtr of the Kospitat of St. John 0i Jerusalem in SngUud. AMBULANCE DEPARTMENT. Jhe No. 1 District.

St.

John .Ambulance Srigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C ommissioner : W. H. WINNY, O.B.E.

Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. 5th.— No. 2 Division, Haggerston. 12th.— No. 4 „ Leyton and Leytonstone. 19th - -No. 5 „ Children’s Home. 26th.— No. 7 „ Toynbee Hall.

From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m.

OFFICERS’ TRAININ G COURSE. The next meeting in connection with this course will be held on Wednesday, October 15th, at 7.30 p.m., in the St. James’ Church Schoolroom, Clerkenwell, under the direction of the Corps Superintendent. All officers and candidates for promotion to that rank are invited to attend this meeting. SERGEANTS’ AND CORPORALS’ CLASS. The next meeting in connection with this class will be held on Wednesday, November 5th at 7.30 p.m., sharp, in the St. James’ Church Schoolroom, under the direction of the District Sergeant. All members of the above mentioned ranks and candidates for promotion to these ranks are invited to attend this class. TRANSFERS. It is hereby’notified that Lieut, Colonel F. A. Brooks, M.D., late Assistant Commissioner to the No. 10 District, has now been attached to the No. 1 District. DIVISIONAL NOTES. Officers and Members in charge of Divisions are reminded that the Divisional Books, viz., Minute Book, Balance Sheet, List of Stores, and copy of Brigade Regulations for the year 1918, should have been submitted to District Officer S. B. Piers, at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E.C. 1, early this year. Divisions which have failed to send in their books should present them for inspection without further delay, either on Monday or Wednesday evenings, between six and eight p.m. ANNUAL INSPECTION. In view of the annual Inspection being held in October next, Officers and Members in charge of Divisions, both ambu lance and nursing, are reminded that attendance thereat is necessary if a member is to be considered efficient for the year. Application for leave of absence must be submitted to the Commissioner, and an adequate reason furnished. (Signed)

—

Septem ber, 19 1 9

Parish Church, when a brass memorial tablet was unveiled to the late Dr. M. K. Hargreaves, who was hon. surgeon to the Division since its inception. The members of the ambulance and nursing divisions were responsible for the placing of the memorial and its phasing, is an eloquent testimony to the hard and enduring efforts of the late hon. surgeon and founder of the division. The tablet was unveiled by Assistant Commissioner S. H. Vilven, and a short service was conducted by the vicar the Rev. J. E. Jagger. No. 3 District.

SEPTEMBER, 1919. Sunday, „ „ „

A I D .

W. H. WINNY, C o m m is s io n e r .

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenwill E.C,

IMPORTANT

NOTICE.

Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— Editor.

M erton & Wimbledon (No 17) Division.— An inter esting ceremony took place on August 17th at the Merton

COVENTRY.— The members of Headquarter Division, held a “Welcome Home” dinner on August 23rd at their drill hall at Longford. About 30 members were present. After dinner Dr. Webster, Divisional Surgeon, thanked them for their past services and advised them to continue with their ambulance work, and emphasised the necessity for attending winter classes. He also congratulated the members on their safe return with such splendid records, afterwards mentioning the names of the Coventry men who lost their lives in the great war. Sergt. W. Hirons thanked Dr. Webster for his hearty sup port on behalf of the members, and hoped that all present would take his valuable advice. Sergt. Major W. Wilkins presided for the harmony, and a fine programme was rendered by R. Hall, J. Hackett, A. Whitehead and other prominent gentlemen. Robt. G. Peak, of Damiler Division, presided at the piano.

K ette rin g.— The presentation of air raid certificates, kindly given by Supt. Curtis to the members of the Head quarters Division took place on August 28th. Mrs. W. L. Dryland, wife of the corps surgeon, made the presentations and Supt. Curtis, in a few introductory remarks, explained tha the certificates were not official, but were some slight recogni tion of the services of those men who had turned out at nights during the war in readiness for air raids. Through the kind invitation of the Rev. and Mrs. Went worth Watson the Division spent an enjoyable day at Rocking ham Castle on September 7th, when occasion was taken to make arrangements for the “ Raby ” Cup. Eight squads have entered for the competition. Mrs. Watson presented during the afternoon some medal lions and certificates, and at the conclusion of the ceremony Corps Supt. Raby proposed a vote of thanks to Mrs. Watson for so kindly receiving them. Ambulance Officer W. Dyson, seconded the motion. Subsequently the Rev. and Mrs. Watson inspected the men, after which the Rev. Watson made an appropriate speech. •

No. 4 District. Manchester & Salfo rd.— There passed away on Mon day, August 4th, 1919, Mr. W. A. Brunt, Corps Secretary, Manchester and Salford Corps, who was an enthuiastic worker of the S.J.A.B. Entering as a private in the first Manchester and Salford Division, his enthusiasm brought him forward, and he became later the Superintendent of Hulme Division, and later still Corps Secretary. The voluntary work of the Brigade was his hobby. His assistance was much sought for and kindly and generously given to those in his immediate neighbourhood. He attended for over twenty years the Whitsuntide Proces sions, and always attended the Childrens Sports at Belle Vue. Immediately war commenced he was granted a commission and had charge of a drug store and surgical instruments in the North of I reland. His devotion to duty proved a strain upon him and he returned injured in health, retiring from business, he never regained his former stamina. The respect which was his due, was paid by all Divisions of the Corps and Corps Officers, with the Nursing Divisions, attending the funeral of this most energetic and valuable officer.

September, 1919.

—FIRST

No. 5 District. — At the inspection of the Division by Lieut.Col. Lambert, of Lincoln, held at headquarters, Holme Hill, on August 16th, there was only a small attendance of members, several were unable to be present owing to business and other reasons, about 30 members being still on active service. A brief address of encouragement was given by the Lieut.Colonel, who expressed the hope that the Division would soon be 200 strong, which was warmly appreciated by those present. On September 6th a number of members turned out for Public Duty on the occasion of Grimsby’s welcome to returned soldiers and sailors. G rim s b y .

No. 10 District. Felixstowe.— Col. G. S. Elliston, C.B., the Commissioner of the District, presented War Service Badges to ten members of the Division on September 7th. During the war the mem bers turned out for air raid duty on 59 occasions, and they were under heavy bombardment several times.. Peace celebrations took place in the town on September 6th, and squads were posted at various points on the line of route of the procession, and an ambulance tent was established

Felixstowe Division

Duty

on the Sports ground. In the evening squads were on duty during the fireworks and several cases of burns and faintings were attended. The Nursing Sisters were in charge of Lady Supt. Miss Lloyd and the Ambulance Division by District Supt. W. G. Emery.

F irst

A id

U nder

D ifficu ltie s.

An interesting case has come to our notice which is worthy of record. It appears that in the early part of this month the L .C . C . ambulance was summoned to an accident which had taken place on a building in course o f construc tion, and on arrival it was ascertained that a man had fallen across a girder and was severely hurt. T h e attendant, Alonza Ward, was fortunately a former member of No. 15 New Cross Am bulance Division and had received the benefit of careful training by the supt., Dr. J. Stanley D a v ie s j he was therefore fully competent to deal with a

AID. —

case requiring initiative, promptitude and self-possession. T h e injured man was on a girder at the top of the building, and in order to reach him it was necessary for Ward to mount a ladder 70 ft. high. T o do this, encumbered with the necessary material for treating his patient, required a considerable amount of presence of mind, and his method to accomplish his purpose is best described in his own words :— “ I was told on arrival that the man had been severely hurt and very probably his legs and arm were broken. I tied some triangulars and dressing around my waist and tucked some splints in my belt, also tourniquets and “ Asepto” dressings in my pocket. Also I was told before ascending that the man was in a fainting condition, so I also furnished myself with the drinking cup and some water in it, which we carry, and some sal volatile, which I had to carry under my arm as best I could, as I required both [my hands to climb up the ladders.

d u r in g

Peace

C e l e b r a t io n s .

“ When I reached the top I found the man was suffering from a compound fracture of the radius and bleeding very rapid, and also a compound fracture o f the fib and tib. I applied my tourniquet, and then dressed the wounds and tied up the fractures. “ T o explain the whole of the transit will occupy a lot of your time, but I feel that it is my duty to tell you this, sir, for I value every day the tuition I received from you at the Division, also the years that I had with you at the L .C . C . Classes, as I think I am the only man in your Division that holds the L .C . C . Medallion for First A id and L .C . C . Medallion for N u r s i n g ; and I might say that when I get an oppor tunity like this, and of the tram smash last week, and also an officer whom I took from under an electric train last Thursd ay week, it makes me proud of my medical officer, to whQtp I o\ye so much for my tuition in this npble work.”

—

F IR ST

A ID

S T .

TH E

ST.

J O

O ffic ia l

B rig a d e

JO H N

N Z

N ew s.

AUGUST, 1919. T he following appointments have been sanctioned by H.R H. the Grand Prior :— Col. S. Maynard Smith, C.B., F.R.C.S., to be Assistant Surgeon-in-Chief of the Brigade, 18.7.19. District Supt. Captain D. M. Barry to be Assistant Com missioner No. 9 District, 18.7.19. T h e C h ief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— N o 1 D istrict (Prince o f Wales’s Corps). No. 49 (Erith and District) Division.— Ambulance Officer James Thomas Trollope to be Divisional Supt., 22.8.19. No. 3 District. Northampton Corps (Headquarters Division). — District Sergt. William Ernest Edwards to be Divisional Supt., 6.8.19, vice Divisional Supt. Fawkes, resigned. No. 4 District. Dukinfield Nursing Division.— Mrs. Louisa Stubbins to be Lady DivisionaJ Supt., 29.7.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Bardsley, deceased. Whitefield Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Miss Annie Nuttall to be Nursing Officer, 18.8.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss M. Ratcliffe, resigned. Stalybridge (and Dukinfield Division.— James Brierly, M.D., L.M.S.S.A., to be DivisionalSupt., 26.8.19, vice Dr. E. A. Clarke, deceased. Blackburn Division.— Sergt. Thomas Fielding to be First Class Sergt., 12.8.19. No. 5 District. Keighley Corps.— Major J. Nicholson Dobie, M.B., R.A.M.C., to be Corps Surgeon, 11.8.19, vice Lieut.-Col. W. Scatterty, promoted to District Officer. Keighley Corps (A Division). — Sergt. Harry Hale to be Divisional Supt., 11.8.19, v>ce Divisional Surg. J. Harding, re signed, 31.7.19. Private Charles H. Allen to be Ambulance Officer, 11.8.19. Shipley and District Corps.— Lady Corps Officer Elizabeth B. Potter to be Lady Corps Supt., 6.8.19. Barnoldswick Division.— Corpl. Robert W. Eastwood to be Ambulance Officer, 11.8.19. Pontefract Corps (Micklegate Division).— Ambulance Officer W. R. Wrigglesworth to be Divisional Supt., 13.8.19. Sergt. Percy Brook to be Ambulance Officer, 13.8.19. Pontefract Corps (Tanshelf Division).— Ambulance Officer Charles Hornby to be Divisional Supt., 13.8.19. Sergt. Charles Paver to be Ambulance Officer, 18.8.19. Pontefract Corps (Pontefract Division).— Ambulance Officer G. A. McNally to be Divisional Supt., 13.8.19. No. 6 District. Scarborough Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. J. B. Ferguson resigned his appointment, 25.7.19. Jarrow Division.— Harry J. Hunting to be Divisional Supt., 12.8.19, v'ce Divisional Supt. J. Curry, resigned, 28,8.19. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps.— Divisional Supt. J. F. W. Russell to be Corps Secretary, 12.8.19. Rowntree tYork) Division).- Edward William Lawrence

AM BULANCE

A T

M E

G A Z E T T E . — Septem ber, [9 19

to be Divisional Supt., 20.8.19. Capt. Montgomery Du Bois Ferguson, M.D., B.Ch., D.P.H., to be Divisional Surgeon, 20.8.19. Scarborough Y.M.C.A. Division. — John Hardwick Thornley, M.B., M.C., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 7.8.19, vice Dr. Edmundson, resigned, 22.7.19. Heibert William Samuel Coe to be Divisional Supt., 7.8 19. Friends (Newcastle) Division.— Divisional Supt. H. Thompson resigned his appointment, 27.5.19. Gateshead Boro Division.— Divisional Supt. T. Wilkinson resigned his appointment, 25.5.19, Ambulance Officer W. Donnan resigned his appointment, 27.5.19. No. 8 District. Redhill Division.— John S. Banbury to be Ambulance Officer, 7.8.19. Frank A. Sutton to be Ambulance Officer, 8.8.19. Acting Divisional Supt. E. E. D. Heesom to be Divi sional Supt., 7,8.19. Sergt. Thomas Palmer to be Ambulance Officer, 7.8 19. A. B. Porter, M.D., B.C.(Camb.), M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 7.8 iq. No. 9 District. Falmouth Nursing Division.— Mrs. F. H. Chellew to be Lady Divisional Supt., 14.6.19. Dolcoath Division.— Sergt. Joseph Thomas Thorne to be Ambulance Officer, 2.9.19. Redruth Nursing Division.— Divisional Secretary Mrs. A. M. Arthur to be Nursing Officer, 28.8 19. Lady Divisional Inspector of Stores Miss Florence Harris to be Nursing Officer, 26.8.19. No. 10 District. Felixtowe Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Winifred Drummond to be Nursing Officer, 30.7.19. No. 12 District. Dublin Building Trades Corps (Brooks, Thomas Division) — Divisional Supt. W. H. Reynolds resigned his appointment, 13.8.19. N ew D ivisions, & c . No. 8 District. Borough of Reigate Corps (Reigate Division).— 7.8.19. In charge, E. Husom, Esq., Lowcroft, Redhill, Surrey. No. 6 District. Rowntree (York) Division.— 15.8.19. In charge, Supt. E. Lawrence, Fire Brigade, Rowntree, York. No. 4 District. Liverpool Corps (Liverpool Civic Nursing Division).— 18.8.19. In charge, Mrs. Girdleston, 2, Alma-terrace, Sandown-lane, Wavertree, Liverpool. No. 2 District. High Wycombe Division.— 18.8.19. Parker, 2, Harlow-road, High Wycombe.

R o l l o f Honour. Arkwright, J., Preston, R.N.D. (Medical Unit). Ashworth, Harold, Haslingden, do. Bingham, F., Tibshelf, do. Brown, Milton, Colne, do. Barnes, Henry, Haslingden, do. Brierley, James E., Crompton, do, Barnes, E., Haslingden, do,

charge,

Dr1'

September, 1919, — FIR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA N C E G A Z ET T E . — Butterworth, Wm., Crompton, do. Bowden, W. O., Ashton-under-Lyne, do. Barrow, D. W., Stalybridge, do. Cross, Norman, Oldham, do. Cottam, George, Accrington, do. Dewhurst, George, Bolton, do. Dunkley. Albert, Tibshelf, do. Davies, James, Cwmavon, do. Davidson, Thomas, Chester-le-street, do. Dean, Cyril, Accrington, do. Edgar, Reginald, Newcastle, do. Enright, Jethro N., Horden Colliery, do. Ferriday, Edwin, Oldham, do. Fenwick, Thomas, Silksworth Colliery, do. Fielding, James A., Crompton. Garside, Arthur, Oldham, do. Gould, Herbert E., Houghton-le-Spring, do. Hayworth, John H., Hey wood, do. Harris, James H., Hulme, do. Hopper, Charles, Cambois, do. Harrison, James T., Todmorden, do. Jenkins, William Henry, Sowerby Bridge, do. Jacob, Benjamin W., South Moor, do. Kenyon, James W., Oldham, do. King, Reginald, Rochdale, do. Livesey, Joseph T., Preston, do. Lewis, Benjamin T., Salford, do. McCann, Hugh, Fleetwood, do. Mawdsley, Lawrence, Haslingden, do. Naylor, Harry, Hebden Bridge, do. Pocock, Fredk. L., Blaenavon, do. Ravenscroft, Wm., Read, do. Robinson, Frederick Wm., Burley-in-Wharfedale, do. Riley, James, Haslingden, do. Smellie, Wm., Preston, do. Southgate, E. G., Hetton-le-Hole, do. Scales, John, Etherley, do. Tate, Thomas, Preston, do. Todd, J. R., Oldham, do. Whittam, R. V., Accrington, do. Woodhams, F. L., Wellingborough, do. Walsh, M. E., Haslingden, do. Allan, Pte. J. S., Territorial Branch, M.H.H.R. Dodson, Pte. O., Ironbridge, M.H.H.R. Fowler, Pte. W., Scarborough Y.M.C.A., Northumberland Fusiliers. Jones, Sergt. R. J., London Post Office, M.H.H.R. Solomon, Pte. J., Maidstone, M.H.H.R. Tomlinson, Pte. S., Bolton, M.H.H.R. M ilitary D ecorations and A wards . Terry, Sergt.-Major W. H., Ravensthorpe, Meritorious Service Medal. Henderson, Corpl. W., Pelton Colliery, Belgian Medaille Civique, 2nd Class. Leighton, Corpl. C., Pelton Colliery, do.

S t.

John

V o lu n ta ry

A id

D eta ch m en ts.

Channel Islands (Guernsey 2).— Miss Violet Carey to be Quartermaster, vice Miss Mary B. Codings, resigned. Westmoreland (Westmoreland 2).— Disbanded, 23.8.19. The following awards have been made to members of the Association and Brigade :— R.R.C. Millar, Mrs. M. C., 1st Durham. Ruscoe, Miss L., Gledhow Hospital, Leeds. A.R.R.C. Abercrombie, Mrs. E. J., Avenue Aux. Hospital, Liverpool. Alevander, Miss E. J., Hampton Court Aux. Hospital. Argles, Miss H. M., Clifford-street V.A.D., Hospital, York.

Briscoe, Miss M., Clifford House Aux. Hospital, London. Britton, Miss C., Cottage Hospital, Lutterworth. Cannon, Miss E., Yacht Club, Gravesend. Cheesman, Miss A. M., High Beach, Westgate. Clarke, Miss H., V.A.D. Drill Hall, Rochdale. Cockfield, Mrs. G., Grove House, Harrogate. Collinson, Miss B. A., Stramongate Aux. Hospital. d’Armes, Miss A. (Lady Supt.), Manor House, Folkestone. Drane, Miss E. M., Primary Hall, Barry-road, Northants. Dillon, Miss A. G., Dawdon Colliery, Cairns. Dugglesby, Miss N., Nunthorpe Hall, York. Evans, Miss W., St. John’s Hospital, Southport, York. Galloway, Mrs. J., 16th Northumberland Hospital. Garnett, Miss F. A. M., Military Hospital, Lancaster. Hookway, Miss G., Cottesbrook Aux. Hospital, Northants. Hopwood, Miss E. A., Pendower, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Ingram, Miss E. M., V.A.D. Hospital, Hull. Jones, Miss E. H., Harborne Hall, Birmingham. Lawrence, Miss E., Primary Hospital. Lewis, Miss E., St. John Hospital, Barry-'oad, Shrewsbury. Lineham, Miss F., St. John Hospital, Tatterhall, Cheshire. Mann, Miss H., Chapel Allerton V.A.D., Leeds. Mann, Diss, Roseneath, Winchmore Hill. Marshall, Miss I. N., 10th Northumberland Hospital, Pendower. Menter, Mrs. J., The Glovers V.A.D. Hospital, Sittingbourne. Mansden, Mrs. J.. The Starr Mills, Lytham. Murrell, Miss H., Clifford House Hospital, Roehampton. Newell, Miss D., St.John V.A.D. Hospital, Hull. Pearson, Mrs. H., V.A.D. Nurses, Greenbank, Bolton. Pitcairn, Miss M. E., St. John Relief Hospital, Harrow. Reid, Miss T., The Tower Aux. Hospital, Rainhill. Roberts, Miss S., Assistant Matron, St. John Hospital, Chelt enham. Robson, Miss R. T., 5th Durham Hospital, North Barley. Ryott, Miss K. M., Osborne Nursing Division. Rollinson, Mrs. M., 4th Aux. Hospital, Moseley. Rowbotham, Miss E., Aux. Hospital, Moseley, near Man chester. Rowell, Miss E., 5th Northumberland Hospital, Tynemouth. Scatterty, A. E , V.A.D., Yorks, Skirrow, Miss M. H., Lordswood Aux. Hospital, Harborne. Stalker, Mrs. H., 2nd Durham Hospital, South Shields. Sutcliffe, Miss I. M., Centre Vale, Todmorden. Tew, Miss F. E. P., Wentworth House, Wakefield. Torlmen, Miss D., Aux. Home Hospital, Moor Park, Preston. Trevenen, Miss E., Aux. Hospital, Newton Abbot. Veitch, Miss C., Great Hermitage Hospital, Higham. Wood, Miss B., St. John Relief Hospital, Alverstoke. R.R.C. (2nd Class), Egypt. Allen,Faith Isabel, London 148. Bennett, Maude, Middlesex 10. Brook, Clara Alice, Essex 112. Christian, Ivy Eleanor, Isle of Man 4. Coulthurst, Annie, London 88. Eborn, Rhoda Janet, Middlesex 10. Edwards, Bertha Chain, Londonderry 6. Farmer, Margaret, Leicester 22. Frend, Laura Carol, Kent 100. Jones, Sarah Watson, Flint 10. LeCouq, Rosamond Emily, London, 148. Noble, Gertrude, Belfast 68. Revis, Kathleen, W.R. Yorks. 62. Strickland, Jeannie, W.R. Yorks. 66. Wand, Kate Marion, W.R. Yorks. Reserve. Wensley, Annie May, London 80. Mentioned in D espatches . Carey, Miss V., Jersey 8. Germon, Miss C., Newton Abbot Hospital, Devon. Trevermen, Miss E., Newton Abbot Hospital, Devon. Appleton, Mrs. J., S.J.A.B. Hospital, Saltwell Towers. Nixon, Mrs. E., 22nd V.A.D. Hospital. Durham. Fowler, Miss J., 8th V.A.D. Hospital, Durham. Milburn, Miss A., nth V.A.D. Hospital, Durham. Robson, Miss L. M., 5th V.A.D. Hospital, Durham. Scott, Miss J. A., 16th V.A.D. Hospital, Durham.

— F IR S T A ID

& THE

ST.

Stalker, Mrs. R., 2nd V.A.D. Hospital, Durham. Roberts, Mrs. B., St. John V.A.D. Hospital, Cheltenham. Mullett, Miss A., Home Mead Aux. Hospital, Lymington. Pinhorn, Miss M., Oatlands Aux. Hospital, Portsmouth. Smith, Miss C., S.J.A.A. Relief Hospital, Alverstoke. Broadwood, Miss M. M., V.A.D. Yacht Hospital, Gravesend. Cheesman, Miss M., High Beach Aux. Hospital. Crooks, Miss 1. E., Manor House Aux. Hospital, Folkestone. Evans, Miss B. M., Abbots Barton Hospital, Canterbury. Filmer, Miss E , The Glovers Aux. Hospital, Sittingbourne. Macfarlane, Miss N., Rust Hall, Tunbridge Wells. Veitch, Miss C., Great Higham Aux. Hospital, Higham. Ward, Mrs. E., Rosherville Aux. Hospital. Gravesend. Brierley, Miss N., S.J.A.B. Hospital, Rochdale. Brown, Miss G., St. John’s Hospital, Southport. Butterworth, Miss N., S.J.A.B. Hall, Rochdale. Davis, Miss H., Myrtle Hospital, Myrtle-street, Liverpool. Dron, Miss J., St. John Hospital, Myrtle-street, Liverpool. Gardner, Miss A., Garswood House Aux. Hospital, Ashton-inMakersfield. Halstead, Mrs. H. M., Central Vale Hospital, Todmorden. Heap, Miss M., S.J.A.B. Hall, Rochdale. Henthorne, Miss E., do., do. Higgin, Miss I., St. John Hospital, Southport. Hitchin, Miss J., S.J.A.B. Hall, Rochdale. Ormerod, Miss S., Castleton House, Rochdale. Robertson, Miss C. C. B., St. John Hospital, Preston. Scott, Miss F., S.J.A.B. Hall, Rochdale. Smith, Miss M., St. John Hospital, Southport. Goulmin, Miss S., St. John Hospital, Preston. Yates, Miss S., Castleton House Aux. Hospital, Rochdale. Britton, Miss C., Cottage Hospital, Lutterworth. Peat, Miss M., Gifford House Aux. Hospital. Byone, Miss E., Dollis Hill House, Neasden. Crawfords, Mrs, S., St. Mary’s, Willesden. Goodrich, Miss F., Military Hospital, Hampton Court. Jamieson, Miss B., Percy House Schools, Isleworth. Maxwell, Miss E., V.A.D. Hospital, Southall. Neunson, Miss E. M., V.A.D. Hospital, Pinner. Neyton, Miss L, V.A.D. Hospital, Percy House Schools, Isleworth. Robinson, Miss O. K., St. John’s Relief Hospital, Harrow. Scanned, Miss M. M., V.A.D. Hospital, Spalding Hall, Hendon. Waring, Miss D., V.A.D. Hospital, Southall. Wheeler, Mrs. A., do., do. Forster, Miss C. I., 14th Northumberland Hospital. Harle, Miss A. 7th Northumberland Hospital. March, Miss E., S.J.A.B. Hospital, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Williams, Miss M., 10th Northumberland Hospital, Pendower. Burgess, Miss D., Essex House Hospital, Church Stretton. Gedge, Mrs. K., do., do. Hill, Miss B., St. John Hospital, Shrewsbury. Shields, Mrs. N., do., do. Page, Miss A., Strammongate Aux. Hospital, Kendal. Ashton Hill, Miss E., Lordswood Aux. Hospital, Harborne. Badams, Miss M., Harborne Hall Aux. Hospital, Harborne. Bulier, Miss M., V.A.D. Hospital, Ashfield, Malvern. Engels, Miss J., Highbury Hospital, Moseley. Finnimore, Miss D., Uffculme F.A.C. Hospital, Moseley. Gordon, Miss V., 4th Aux. Officer’s Hospital, Moor Green. Ridding, Mrs. A. M., Birmingham. Brighouse, Miss D., V.A.D. Hospital, Hornsea, Hull. Martindale, Miss L., Bridlington V.A.D. Hospital, Bridglington. Allott, Miss E. F., Oakwood Aux. Hospital, Rotherham. Atkinson, Miss E., St. Edmund’s Hall, Hospital, Leeds. Beech, Miss W. M., Flounder’s College Hospital, Ackworth. Craig, Miss M. W., Aux. Hospital, Knarlboro’. Gowing, Miss M., Crow’ Wood Military Hospital, Sowerby Bridge. Lupton, Miss M., Roundhay Aux. Hospital, Leeds. Mannaberg, Miss H., Gledhow Hall Hospital, Leeds. Perkin, Miss L., Wentworth House Aux. Hospital, Wakefield. Piggott, Miss E. M., Stapleton Park Aux. Hospital, Ponte fract. Pilkington, Miss P., Wentworth House Aux. Hospital, Wake field.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE, —

September,

1919.

Pott, Mrs. M. C., Stapleton Park Aux. Hospital, Pontefract. Rochelle, Miss A., Spring Hall Aux. Hospital, Halifax. Tew, Miss E., Wentworth House Aux. Hospital, Wakefield. Thompson, Miss F., Lotherton Hall Aux. Hospital, Aberford. Turton, Miss C. C., Flounder’s College Aux. Hospital, Ackworth. Verini, Miss E., Grove House Aux. Hospital, Harrogate. Walker, Miss 8., Wentworth House Aux. Hospital, Wakefield. Wright, Miss, Stapleton Park Aux. Hospital, Pontefract. Wright, Miss M., Spring Hall Aux. Hospital, Halifax.

B rig a d e

Long

S e rv ic e

M e d a l,

B .O . 344.— Many cases are arising of failure to obtain the L ong Service Medal, when apparently due, owing to defec tive keeping of divisional records. Considerable dis appointment arises amongst members of the brigade in consequence. It must be clearly understood that the record of efficiency of members must be complete for the periods claimed. It is the business of every member to see that his record is properly entered up, and it is the duty of the division as a whole to see that its records are properly kept and submitted annually to headquarters. I f this is not done members cannot claim to have any grievance if the year for which no records are submitted are not allowed to count towards the L on g Service Medal. T h e medal is given for long and efficient service, and it would be an injustice to those who have done, and can prove, such service, if it is granted to those who can only claim it by years of service without proof existing of their efficiency during that period.

G en eral

L ette r

C o m m itte e

th e

J o in t

C o u n ty

V .A .D .

D ire c to rs .

D ear S ir,— I send you the following for your information:— August 15 th, 1919. War S ervice B ar . With reference to Par. 8 of J .V .A .D . 189, stating that no service bar could be earned after the signing of P e a c e ; the signing of Peace is not actually completed, therefore it is possible for some members to obtain five stripes for five years’ service provided that they have served the necessary number of hours and weeks. O ld U niform . With reference to J .V .A .D . 191, Par. 1, please note that all badges and buttons must be removed from V .A .D . uniforms before it is given to the Russian R e d Cross. All parcels to be sent to the Temporary Store of the British Committee of the Russian R e d Cross formed in Great Britain at General Buildings, Aldwych. G.S. Members and Pensions H o'pital. T h e Central Joint V .A .D . Committee has decided not to post any General Service Members to Pensions Hospitals, in view of the fact that this branch of the work is to be reorganised after April, 1920. General Service V .A .D .

September, 1919

— FIRST

AID

THE

ST.

Members who desire to work in Pensions Hospitals must do so as ordinary civilians. Will County Directors kindly send a list of the Hospitals in their County which are s t i l l o p en . Yours faithfully, Chilston, C h i e f C o u n t y D i r e c t o r

N o rth an ts

V .A .D

P resentations to the C ounty D irector and the H on. C ounty S ecretary for N orthants . A n unique ceremony took place at Althorp House, the County residence of the Rt. Hon. Earl Spencer, K.G ., Lord Lieutenant for Northants, on the 17th August, when the C oun ty Director, T. Henry Woolston, Esq., C .B .E ., D .L ., J.P., and Hon. County Secretary and Assistant County Director W. Harvey Reeves, O .B .E ., were pre sented by Lord Spencer on behalf of the Northants V .A .D . and R e d Cross Workers with their portraits in oils, painted by Mr. J. J. Alsop, R .B .A . T h e presentation was the outcome of a general desire amongst the county workers to offer some token that would be worthy of the great services rendered by the County Director and Hon. County Secretary, and to commemorate the splendid feeling which has been existent amongst the staffs of the V .A .D . and County Hospitals for nearly five years. T h e gathering of over 300 persons was a thoroughly representative one of the various branches of the R e d Cross Ambulance, and War Work, and Lord Spencer kindly arranged for the presentation to be made in the famous Long Picture Gallery rendered historic by various functions, amongst which may be mentioned the fact that in 1695 K in g William entertained the County Magnates for several days, as recorded in Lord Macaulay’s History of England. Since that date other interesting gatherings have been held, the last most notable one of which, per haps, was the reception held by H .M . K in g George V , a few years back. This gallery also contains numerous por traits of Statesmen and others, and also the paintings of the beauties of the Count of K ing Charles, and other works by such eminent artists as Vandyke, Rubens. Lely, &c. In an eloquent speech Lord Spencer bore high testi mony to the work of the recipients, and the County Director and Hon. County Secretary both suitably replied. A telegram was also read from Sir Arthur Stanley as follows :— “ K in d invitation to ceremony just received. M uch regret cannot be present. Please congratulate Mr. Woolston and Mr. Harvey Reeves from me and thank them in name of R ed Cross for excellent work they have done during war.— Arthur Stanley.” Lord Spencer afterwards entertained the company to tea. A string band was in attendance during the after noon and evening. In addition to the Portraits the V .A .D . Staffs had previously presented, the County Director and Hon. County Secretary received Addresses in duplicate engrossed on vellum and signed by the various members— 120 in number. T h e addresses were in the following terms, v i z . :—

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

T h e Northants Territorial Eorce Association. Voluntary A id Detachments. T h e Northants R ed Cross Committee in conjunction with T h e St. John Am bulan ce Association. T o T hom as Henry Woolston, Esq., C .B .E ., D .L ., J.P., County Director of Northants. T o William H arvey Reeves, Esq., O .B .E ., Hon. County Secretary and Assistant County Director for Northants. T h e Voluntary administrative work carried out by you during the Great War 1914-1919 will, it is anticipated, soon terminate on the demobilisation of the Primary and Auxiliary Military Hospitals, consequent on the pending declaration of Peace. T h e Members of the above organisations and Staffs connected with the work desire to place on record their acknowledgment and appreciation of 1. T h e complete success achieved in the reception, care and treatment of over 22,400 Oversea sick and wounded Soldiers, and in the organisation and administra tive work of the Headquarters Departments and 32 Primary and Auxiliary Military Hospitals, voluntarily carried on by you during the whole period of the War. 2. Their appreciation of the kindly consideration and unfailing courtesy shown to the Members during the work of the strenuous and dark days of five years’ eventful period of War, now happily passed away on the glorious dawn of Peace. This considerate regard has created a unanimous feeling of affectionate regard by the Members the organisations. T h e addresses were signed by 120 persons. It should be stated that the C ity Director and Hon. County Secretary commenced organising and equipping Auxiliary Military Hospitals as far back as September 1914 and they have throughout the whole of the period and are still engaged in the work. During which period over 22,000 patients have passed through the County Hospitals, 32 in number, which were equipped with 1,520 beds, and although many changes have necessarilly occurred in the staffs from time to time the County Director and] Hon. County Secretary have kept to their posts giving whole time service throughout. T h e y have received nearly 250 Convoys from O ver seas and had a splendid transport service consisting of 18 ambulances. In addition to maintaining the hospitals, the V .A .D . work in Northants assumed a great magnitude by reason of the various kinds of other war work it engaged in. Various departments were organised to deal with different branches of the work, whilst the Lady District Supt., Mrs. Harvey Reeves, had an excellent nursing staff which not only gave a continual supply of Nurses to all the Military and Auxiliary Hospitals throughout the County, but also rendered untold assistance to civil hospitals and in other ways. T h e administrative and accountants work of the V.A.D. has also been very heavy during the period as can be judged from the fact that over .£270,000 has been earned in Governments grants alone, whilst the cost of maintenance and equipment has exceeded £ 310 ,0 0 0 .

Dr. Samuel Osborn has been elected Master of the Society of Apothecaries.

—FIRST

CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

E ditorial — The Long Service Medal, R.N.A.S.B.R. Red Cross Hospitals ... ...

... ...

33 33

... ... ...

34 35 35

Official Brigade News ... ... ... ... Brigade Long Service Medal ... ... ... General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Conimittee to County Directors ... ... ... ... Northants V.A.D. ... ... ... ...

36 38

Brevities ... ... ... ... ... ... Practical Points from the Textbook ... ... ... Medallion Awards, ete., to Persons Serving with the Forces ... ... ... ... ... Army Council’s Thanks to the Red Cross ... ... S. Maynard Smith, Esq , C B., F.R.C.S. ... ... R eview — First Lines in Dispensing ... ... ... Q ueries and A nswers to C orrespondents —

4°

D istrict R eports — No. 1 ; No. 3 ; No. 4 ... ... No. 5 ; No. 10... ... ... First Aid Uuder Difficulties ... ... T he St . John A mbulance G azette —

Use of Amyl Nitrite ... ... ... Arterial Bleeding and Fractured Patella ... P ractical Points — Fatal Mosquito Bites ... ... ... His Laudanum Hoard ... ... ... Inefficiency in First Aid... ... ... L etters to the E ditor — Naval Volunter Reserve Long Service Medal The Red Cross in Japan ... ... Air Raid Certificate... ... ... ...

38 39 41 42 43 43

... ...

44 44

... ... ...

44 44 44

... ... ...

46 46 46

AID. —

S jp tem b e r, 19 19

V .A .D s. to a Joint Committee sitting in London, contend ing that the Joint Committee was not an elected body and they had no representative upon it, and yet the Committee would have power to appoint a County Director. As the great bulk of the Detachments have been organised by St. John or the R ed Cross Society, and have worked so successfully in the past, in which orgainsation the appointment of the County Director rests with the Joint Committee, we cannot see why an exception should be made in the general scheme of working of the V .A .D . for the sake of a few County Associations. * * * In America the sum of ,£20,000 has been allocated by the R ed Cross for scholarships or loans to graduate nurses who are eligible for enrolment in the Red Cross and can meet the entrance requirements of one of the post-graduate schools for public health nursing, but are unable for financial reasons to take a course. A maximum scholar ship of £ 6 0 is granted for a four months’ course, and of £ 1 2 0 for an eight months’ course. T h e maximum loan is £ 7 0 . T h e fund is administered by the Department of Nursing of the American R e d Cross, and the aim is to obtain an adequate supply o f public health nurses. *** Altogether 10,000,000 parcels were despatched in the course of the war to prisoners by the Joint Com mittee of the R ed Cross, and with the largely increased number of captives owing to the German offensive of 1918 the total, had the war continued, would have reached 22,400,000 a year, for each soldier had annually despatched to him under the committee’s system 140 parcels— 78 standard food parcels, seven clothing, (say) three personal and 52 bread parcels. Fortunately, the end of the war came before this gigantic figure was attained, and in the com

B re v itie s. T h e League of R ed Cross Societies has published two numbers of its B u l l e t i n , the first dealing with the objects of its foundation, the second detailing the proceedings of the Medical Conference held at Cannes in April. T h e meeting at Cannes was held for the guidance of nations in general in combating of disease, and the League was virtually the outcome of its discussions. It will co operate with existing national organisation, and its activities are at present determined by the five founded powers, Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan and the United States. Its headquarters are at Geneva, and it is hoped that its membership will ultimately include all the R ed Cross Societies of the world. * * * T h e r e was strong opposition at the meeting of the East Riding Territorial Force Association, held in Hull at

mittee’s view it would not otherwise have been possible to the despatch of individual packages by parcels post, not only because of the work at this end, but because they could never have been handled in Germany. T h e y there fore made suggestions as to the modification of the system in any future case of need. From the beginning of its operations until October 20th, 1918, the committee spent on its good work £4,095,568.

V In view of the large number of claims for gratuities due to members of V .A .D . which have to be dealt with, some delay is unavoidable, but steps are being taken in the offices of the Department at 52, Grosvenor-gardens to expedite these claims as much as possible. T h e Army forms W 316 5 are being prepared for all concerned. T o avoid delay and unnecessary correspondence it is requested that in all communications with regard to members of V .A .D ., the members full Christian and surname may be

the end of the month to the proposed future working of the V .A .D . Organisation. T h e Association appears to be

given, also the Detachment number and, if possible the

strongly opposed to delegating the management

member’s index number.

the

—FIRST

Septem ber, 1919.

P ra ctica l

P o in ts

fro m

th e

T e x tb o o k .*

Contributed by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M.R.C.S., Eng. H o n . A s s o c ia t e O r d e r o f S t . J o h n j S t . f o h n A m b u la n c e B r i g a d e ;

H on. Surgeon

A u th o r o f

“ A i d s to F i r s t

A i d ? &=c., F c .

( C o n tin u e d fr o m

p a g e 2 J .)

P a g ? 135 '— When reading the instructions for artifi cial respiration at your leisure injthe study, you imagine that the work is easy, simple and light. When, however, you undertake the task on an unconscious patient al the river side, then you will find it so heavy and strenuous that, be fore five minutes have passed, perspiration will be streaming from every pore in your body. Rem em ber that artificial respiration is the imitation of natural breathing, and that consequently you must pump, pump, pump air out of the body and allow the elastic recoil of the ribs and diaphragm to pump air in. T h e outstanding advantages of Schafer’s method are (1) artificial respiration is started w i t h o u t a seco n d s d e la y , since it is commenced without loosening any clothes— th e o m is s io n i n T e x t b o o k o f in s t r u c t i o n s f o r

t h i s ste p bein g

in te n t io n a l,

though unfortunately most indefinite and mis leading ; (2) the method is comparatively easy, veiy effec tual and approaches most nearly to natural breathing, since the first and main movement is an imitation of expiration while the second is perfectly natural and leads to inspiration; and (3) the position of the patient favours expulsion of foreign bodies from the mouth and anticipates the falling back of tongue, regurgitation of vomit, &c. Alternation of method (Schafer followed by Silvester) which is now recommended in place of the previous com bination of methods has the distinct disadvantage that time must be spent in loosening the clothes, arranging pad, &c., before the changeover is affected, and is only to be adopted “ when signs of congestion appear in the patient’s face,” a change which Professor Schafer has himself declared to be evidence of returning circulation and an indication to persevere with his method. T h e exclusion of H ow ard’s Method and, with it, all possibility of combination of methods is a profound mis take which I hope will be remedied by lecturers still con tinuing to teach and demonstrate it. Each complete move ment should in a l l m e th o d s occupy about five seconds ; and if, when practising these methods, you work with a stop watch in front of you, you will be surprised to find how long a period of five seconds really is ! T h e secret o f success with Schafer is the body swing which can only be obtained (1) if the operator kneels at the level of the pelvis and by preference adopts a straddling position so that he grips the patient’s pelvis with his knees ; and (2) if he keeps his elbows perfectly straight throughout the movements. T h e secret of success with Silvester con sists in the circling movements of the patient’s upper limbs ending in full traction and expansion of ribs and followed by firm compression upon the chestwall. T h e tieclip (like the old elastic band) as a substitute for fixation of tongue with needle and thread is a pretty piece of work in theory. *-Lecture delivered to members of S.E. & C. Railway Ambulance Centre at Cannon Street Hotel, February 4th, T9I9.

A I tX —

It will, however, involve much waste of valuable time in practice and (since the tongue will be sure to slip) is best avoided by deputing the task of holding the tongue to an assistant. T h e secret of success with Howard is to com press the patient’s abdomen as though you intended to force all the internal organs through the thorax out of the mouth. P a g e 142.— Concussion is Shock to the Brain, and may in itself be fatal or be complicated by Compression. T h e fall in the body temperature results from disturbance of the Brain and Nervous System, which loose their control and regulation of the Vital Functions, through the inter action of which body heat is formed. P a g e 144.— W hen asked the causes of Shock, many of you fail to include haemorrhage, whereas it should head your list of causes. Please note that free and unstinted stimulation is indicated in the case quoted here, because the patient’s life is in danger ; and that, apart from this fact, stimulants should be withheld with haemorrhage, even when controlled, owing to the risk o f causing reactionary bleeding. P a g e 145.-— With Apoplexy and Compression a mis take commonly made is to raise the patient’s head only. -T he flushed face is due to dilatation of the blood vessels. This process, however (1), affects the superficial vessels of the whole body ; ( 2 ) arises from irritation of the Circulatory Centre of the Brain through increased pressure caused by the extravasated blood ; and (3) results co nsequently in con siderable loss of body heat, unless we follow the instruc tions of T extb ook and take steps to prevent it either by application of blankets— to re ta in heat , or of hot-water bottles— to tra n s m it heat. For this reason, slight elevation o f h ead a n d sh o u ld ers does not decrease the blood supply to face so much as it tends to diminish pressure within the skull and to limit any further extravasation of blood into brain. Similarly, the application of cold to head does not drive blood into internal parts but th ro u g h d ire c t action on vessel walls causes the superficial vessels to contract and th ro ug h in d ire c t {i.e., re fle x n e rvo u s) action brings about contraction also of deep vessels. B y the way, just as it is wrong to pile on the blankets lest breathing and circulation be further impeded, even so it is important to realise that cold applications quickly become warm by extraction of heat from the body and that co n tin u o us use of cold requires re-soaking of lint or handkerchief at frequent intervals in cold water. P a g e 147.— During a convulsive attack breathing is suspended with a resultant condition of temporary Asphyxia. Some of you imagine that artificial respiration is indicated and quote R ule 4 as your authority. O f course, while the patient is convulsed such treatment is impossible and can only be carried out in the quiescent period after the fit. Reference to Epilepsy in the T ex tb ook is very vague and will mislead rather than help you, an unfortunate fact since the disease is comparatively common and is said to affect one person in every 1,500 in this country, especially young adults. Attacks of Epilepsy may be m ild or severe I f mild, then sud d en , complete and tra n s ie n t insensibility may be the only sympton. I f severe, then there are three definite stages : 1st, sudden and complete insensibility ; 2nd, convulsions which consist of re g u la r, rapidly passing to i r r e g u l a r movements, due to spasm of all the voluntary muscles of the b o d y ; 3rd, sleep or automatic stage, during which the patient may act without conscious knowledge. T h e biting of tongue and the epileptic scream are evidence of the spasm of the muscles controlling jaw and breathing.

—F I R S T

Attempts to restrain these convulsions are harmful because they stimulate the patient to unconscious resistance which may result in rupture of the contracted muscles. Page 148.— A s all the voluntary muscles are involved in an epileptic fit, one sided convulsions cannot possibly occur though these may occasionally be seen in Apoplexy from local irritation of a special part of the brain. So, be sure to correct the misprint recorded here. Again, with Strychnine poisoning the arched back position is only seen during the convulsions. Similarly, with Infantile Fits the blueness of face and other signs of Asphyxia pass off when the convulsive movements cease. In treatment of this condition the warm bath causes dila tion of vessels of body, while cold to head, which, if con tinuous (sponge frequently dipped) gives rise to contraction of superficial as well as the deep vessels within the skull. In practice, however, the utility of the warm bath is ques tionable. It is probably of real service only when the onset of fever (the most common cause, though not named in Textb ook) is the exciting cause, and is contra-indicated if the child cannot be placed in bed and between blankets immediately afterwards. B y the way, I have treated a child who was unconscious, suffered from repeated convulsions for 8 hours, and yet made a complete recovery. Page 149.— T h e inclusion of Hysteria— where there is only a partial loss of consciousness— under “ Insensibility” often puzzles you. This, however, is most necessary be cause the condition is sometimes difficult, even for doctors, to differentiate from certain other conditions, especially Epilepsy, Hysteria results from a more or less profound disturbance of the Nervous System, as the sequel to illhealth or injury, e.g., shell shock, gassing, wounds, etc. For this reason it is by no means limited to “ young girls,” and is to-day most frequently seen in discharged soldiers, especially those who have undergone some exceptionally severe nervous strain. T h e cold water douche is not the only remedy. In fact, it usually fa ils; and in treatment of Hysteria free play is given to the “ resourcefulness” and “ discrimination ” of the First-Aider, since the threat o f doing anything which suggests actual physical pain or dis comfort to the p atien t will usually succeed. T h e mustard leaf, therefore, is useful partly because it causes local pain and partly because it brings about reflex stimulation of the Brain through the sensory nerves of the skin. Ch a pte r V I . (Poisoning). Cases of poisoning are extremely rare in o c c u rr e n c e ; urgent in their dangers, which permit little or no scope for error; and sometimes difficult of diagnosis, since the signs are often indefinite. Further, the Textbook instructions are few, though most important. For these reasons the Chapter on Poisoning does not always receive from students the attention which its importance demands, Page 152.— Poisons are divided into two main groups — Corrosives and Non-Corrosives. T h e stain, however, is a mere incident in the burning of tissues and is of interest only because it may indicate the special poison taken. T h e administration or withholding of an emetic depends on the condition of the stomach, of which the patient's lips and mouth provide suggestive signs. Thus, if an emetic is given in Corrosive Poisoning, fatal Collapse may be brought about ( 1 ) by local effects of p o iso n on mouth, throat and stomach, (2) by perforation of stomach as the direct out come of the act of vomiting, and (3) by the consequent escape o f poison and stomach contents into peritoneal cavity. Pinpoint pupils only occur in later stages of Opium Poisoning, while the “ blueness of face ” is evidence of partial paralysis of Respiratory Centre. N ote the inclu

A ID -

September, 1919.

sion of Chloral, Veronal, Sulphonal and Trional amongst narcotic poisons. ( T o be concluded).

M e d a llio n

A w ard s,

S e rv in g

w ith

& c ., th e

P erson s

F orces.

With reference to B.O . 305 and 328 the following memo randum has been issued T h e following revision of Paper 104 hereby cancels that dated 1st March, 1916. 1. ( a ) A n y person who, within twelve months p r i o ft o joining any branch of H is Majesty’s Forces. (i) passed an examination in First A id under the St. John Am bulance Association, or, (ii) having previously passed in First A id obtained the H o m e Nursing, H o m e Hygiene or Sani tation certificate of the Association is eligible to receive the voucher, medallion or label (as the case may be) without re-examination on the the date the Annual First A id re-examination becomes due if such date falls within the period between the commencement of hostilities and the 31st December, 1915-

(b) A n y person who, within twelve months prior to joining the Royal Arm y Medical Corps, the the Medical Units Royal Naval Division, the Royal Naval Auxiliary Sick Berth Reserve, or a Voluntary A id Detachment. (i) passed an examination in First A id under the St. John Ambulance Association, or (ii) having previously passed in First Aid obtained the H o m e Nursing, H om e Hygiene or Sani tation certificate of the Association, is eligible to receive the voucher, medallian, or label (as the case may be) without re-examination on the date the annual re-examination becomes due. These will also be entitled to their awards for the year in which they were demobilised if such demobilisation occurs after 31st March. (N .B .— Only applications from members of Voluntary A id Detachments who have been engaged in whole time continuous work in military and/or Auxiliary Military Hospitals can be entertained and the application must be signed by the Com m andant of the Hospital in which the applicant was serving.) 2. As, however, many holders of medallions have been in the habit of qualifying for the label each year for many years, any person who obtained either a medallion or label under i(a) above or within twelve months prior to joining H is Majesty’s Forces and was prevented from attending subsequent re-examinations, shall be eligible, provided he passes for a label during the year in which he is demobilised (or when demobilisation occurs after 31st March in the year following the date of demobilisation) to all back labels for which he was unable to be examined owing to the fact that he had enlisted. In submitting applications for the above awards it is essential, in order to avoid unnecessary correspondence, that full information should be given in the first instance on a form (Service W .L .) which can be obtained from St. J o h n ’s Gate.

Septem ber, 1919 A rm y

- F I R S T

C o u n cil

T h an k s

th e

Red

C ross.

AID. — S.

M ayn ard

43 S m ith ,

C .B .,

F .R .C .S .

It is with pleasure that we publish the portrait of Mr. S. 1 Maynard Smith, the recently appointed Assistant Surgeon-

T h e Chairman of the Joint War Committee of the British Red Cross Society and Order of St. John has received the following letter from Mr. B. B. Cubitt, assistant secretary of the War Office :—

in-Chief of the S.J.A.B. Mr. Maynard Smith has had a distinguished career in the realm of surgery, being the senior surgeon to out patients St. Mary’s Hospital, London, surgeon to London Fever Hospital, and consulting surgeon to St. Luke’s House, and he is author to several well known

N ow that so many hospitals formed under your committee are closing and the staffs are being dispersed, I am commanded by the Army Council to convey to the Joint War Committee their appreciation of the inestimable service rendered by the British R ed Cross Society and the Order of St. John o f Jerusalem in England. “ I am to say that the Council recognises the high value of the work done by the organisation and the hos pitals formed under their auspices. T h e preparations made in time of peace and the energy and efficiency dis played when put to the test of war have greatly assisted in the restoration of life and health to the sick and wounded, and have contributed in no small measure to the achieve ment of victory. “ I am to request that you will convey the thanks of the Army Council to the various branches of the two organisations whose members have so unstintingly devoted their resources to the services of the sick and wounded. I am also to ask that you will convey to all concerned the appreciation of the Council o f the most generous and loyal service which they have rendered to the national cause.”

R e v ie w s. FIRST

LINES

DISPENSING

(Second Edition), By E. W. Lucas, C.B.E., F.I.C., and H. B. Stevens, F.I.C. London ; J. and A. Churchill. P ric e 6s. nett.

This book has been written primarily for students, nurses and others whose calling necessitates an acquaintance with the art of compounding medicines, and is only intended as an in troduction to the subject of dispensing in its widest sense, yet it contains a very complete discription of all ordinary dispens ing so as to bring the book into line with elementary examina tion requirements. Particulars attention has been paid to Weights and Measures, and a chapter on Ampoules and a Special Table of Solubilities is included. It should be found extremely useful to all those who are studying the art of dispensing.

A model of a pharmacy ambulance coach as used in the ambulance trains constru cted by the Great Western Railway for use overseas, has been presented by the C o m pany to the Australian Government as a contribution to the Commonwealth Great War Museum. T h e model, which is to the scale of 1 J in. to the foot, was made at the Swindon Works,

medical works, including “ Head Injuries and Disloca tions.” He served as Civil Surgeon with the South African Field Force, 1900-1901, and gained the medal with clasp. Upon the opening of the Brigade Hospital at Etaples he was appointed Surgeon-in-Chief with the rank of Major, R.A.M.C. In August 1916 he was promoted to Colonel and appointed Consulting Surgeon to the 5th Army, with which he served until April 1918, then being transferred in the same capacity to the 2nd Army, with which he re mained until it reached Cologne in December 1918. Mr. Maynard Smith was mentioned in dispatches and awarded the C.B. and Croix de Guerre ; he was appointed Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John in 1916.

W e understand that the L ad y M au d Wilbraham, L ad y District Supt. to the No. 1 District, St. John Am b u lan ce Brigade, has been admitted to the Order o f Elizabeth, by the K in g of the Belgians. A course of six lectures on First A id will be delivered by Dr. E. B. Randall at R ichm on d Hall, Romford-road, Forest Gate, E.7, com m encing on Wednesday, October 15th. Fee for the course, including examination, 3s. 6d. Full particulars from E. W. Jackson, “ Balclutha,” 6, Norwich-road, Forest Gate, E.7.

— FIRST

Queries and .Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt w ith under the follow ing rules :— r .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Q uery," and addressed— F i r s t A i d ,

46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 . — A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Q uery Coupon" cut jro m

the current issue of the Jo u rn a l, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. 3. —

The Textbook, to w hich tejerence may be made in ik ise columns, is the Revised ( i g i ’j ) E d itio n o f S .J .A .A . M a n u a l o f F irs t-A id .

U se of A myl N itrite . J. H. (Stepney):— While on public duty on Peace Day I was dealing with a woman who had collapsed and had for a good time been lying insensible on the ground. Her face was very pale and her pulse weak and slow. As she was unconscious I could not administer anything by mouth. A private gentleman tapped me on the shoulder and, handing me something, said—“ Let her inhale this.” I did so and quickly restored her to consciousness. After wards I learned that 1 had used an Amyl Nitrite Capsule. Is there any objection to First Aiders carrying and using these capsules ? If there is not, what are the indications for their use ? Amyl Nitrite is a most powerful and, in certain cases, a dangerous stimulant, being indicated in special conditions. For this reason, its use by First Aiders is not recommended. Frankly, I think that you merit reproof for having used some thing of which you knew nothing, and that you should have first enquired whether or no the “ private gentleman” was also a doctor.— N. Corbet F letche r.

A rterial B leeding and F ractured Patella . C. R. (Luton) :— In a recent competition away from home we had to treat and convey to hospital a man who, falling in the street, had sustained a wound of the right temporal artery (which had bled profusely) together with a simple fracture of left patella. His face was pale. Please tell us how you would treat such a case, be cause we find that doctors differ as to keeping head low, when face is pale and there are head injuries. As a fact, we were penalised because we followed Textbook instruc tions and raised the head slightly, as set out for fractured patella. “ Doctors may differ,” but the Textbook (on which appar ently the Competition was conducted) is emphatic (p. 141) that w ith p a le face the patient should by placed w ith head lo w a n d tu rn e d to one side. Further, the profuse bleeding from temporal artery suggests possibility of other head injury. In view of this and the “ pale face,” you should have regarded the fractured patella as the minor injury and exercised your Quali fications as a First Aider (p. 22) by modifying accordingly your treatment of the latter. For these reasons you have no cause to grumble at the penalty, which was rightly exacted and well deserved. — N.C.F.

W h e n c o rre s p o n d in g w ith A d v e rtis e rs p le a s e m e n t i o n “ F i r s t A id .”

AID. —

Septem ber, 1919.

[practical Joints. The E d ito r invites Notes-on actual Cases —w ith special reference to good and bad boints in Treatm ent— inclusion in this Column.

F atal Mosquito B ites. Mosquito bites not usually being considered dangerous, it is interesting to note that two deaths from this cause have recently been recorded within one week. In the first case a young girl was stung on the nose, developed erysipelas and died a few days later; in the second, an elderly man succumbed to asphyxia following a mosquito bite in the neck.— F.C.M., Dalston. His Laudanum Hoard. After telling the magistrates that he had been saving up laudanum for over two years, a man who was charged with attempted suicide, was committed for trial. He said he sup posed the strength had gone out of the stuff, as it did not kill him.— D. M., Fleet-street. I nefficency in F irst -Aid. On one occasion a passenger attempted to board a train (which was already in motion on its journey out of the station) missed his footing, landed with his right leg between the foot board and edge of platform and was rolled some yards before the train could be brought to a standstill. One of the station staff— who had been content with one course of lectures in First-Aid— attended some years previously— went to the patient’s assistance and, without attempting to satisfy himself as to the variety of fracture present, treated for a simple frac ture of the right femur. The doctor, who arrived fifteen minutes after the accident, found the limb badly swollen from the foot to above the kneejoint and quickly demonstrated that the swelling was the result of tearing of the femoral artery by the fractured ends of the femur with percolation of arterial blood down through the muscles and tissues of the limb. The patient was in a state of profound collapse, to which he succumbed shortly afterwards. N.B.— In this case an experienced First-Aider would have recognised the grave degree and progressive character of shock, passing rapidly to collapse, and, remembering that haemorrhage is the most common cause o f r a p id an d fa ta l col lapse, would have looked for such a cause either in the limb (e.g., by testing the tibial arteries) or elsewhere (e.g., by examining for injuries to ribs, &c.)— E. T. M., Tuffhell Park.

T h e A cton Vale First A id Dressing Station dealt with 1 ,1 1 3 casualties during the past year. Erected in 1917, it is run by the 44th West London Ambulance Division of the Brigade, and is dependent on voluntary contributions. T h e City of Bristol Corps of the St. John Ambulance Brigade, were entertained to dinner last month at the invi tation of the St. John Am bulance V .A .D . T h e occasion was a reunion of members serving in the forces and those who have been doing the work at home. T h e Commissioner, Dr. J. S. Griffiitb, presided. A summary of the work done by the Corps during the period of the war was given by Quartermaster H . Trott, who said the Transport Depart ment had dealt with 14,738 civilian cases. Members of the corps at work in factory and workshop attended 27,974 cases. Supt. Cotton welcomed the members who had re turned from active service, and said that the men of the Bristol Corps were ready and willing at the outbreak of war to carry out and put into practice what they had been taught for many years.

— FIRST

S eptem ber, 1919.

AID —

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s e n d i n g o u t i m p o r t a n t S p e c i a li s t B o oks f o r Free E x a m i n a t i o n , a n d th e W a v e r le y S y s t e m o f c o n v e n i e n t p a y m e n t s o u t o f i n c o m e w h il e th e B o o k s are b e i n g used, is fre e ly a v a ile d of

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A H IS TO R Y OF N U R S I N G : The Law relating to Nurses and Nursing—Training Schools and Nursing Institutions—Nursing as a Vocation—The Relaiion of the Nurse to Doctor and Patient— Hosp tal Management—The Work of a Hospital Probationer—Nursing in Poor Law Institutions—Army Nursing— Male Nursing. TH E T H E O R Y OF N URSING A N A T O M Y : by D r . R u s s e l H o w a r d . P H Y S I O L O G Y : by D r B o s a n q u e t . B A C T E R I O L O G Y : by D r . .■'LATER—Elementary Pharmacy—The Elements of Public Hygiene, Air, Water, Soil, and the Physical Condition of the People T H E P R A C T IC E O F N U R S IN G : Personal Hygiene for the Nurse_ Signs and Symptoms of Disease as observed by the Nurse— Practical Details of Nursing—The Nursing of Phthisis—The Nursing of Chest Affections other than Phthisis—Surgical and Accicent N u r s i n g Nursing of Infectious Diseases—The Nursing of Tropical Diseases— District Nursing—The Nursing of Light, X-Rays, Heat and Electricity Cases-The Nursing of Nervous Diseases—Nursing Sick Children_ The Nursing of Orthopxdic Cases. G Y N A E C O L O G IC A L N U R S IN G : The Nursing of Heart and other Affections. M E N T A L N U R S IN G : I. Theoretical, by D r . P e r c y H u g h e s — II. Mental Practical Nursing of the Insane—The Care of the Aged— Sick Room Cookery. M A S S A G E : The Nauheim or Scott Treatment M I D W I F E R Y : The Pelvis—The Organs of Generation—The Ovum —Pregnancy—Normal Labour—Obstetric Diagnosis—The Puerperium —Antiseptics—Puerperal Sepsis—Prolonged Labour—Uterine Inertia — Slow Dilation— (. ontracted Pelvis—Abnormal Presentations— Multiple Pregnancy— Post-partum Haemorrhage— Interrupted Preg nancy— Ante-partum Haemorrhage—Eclampsia—Rupture of the Uterus— Pulmonary Embolism— Complications of Pregnancy— Drugs and Appliances—Abnormalities of the Infant. MONTHLY N U R S I N G : Pregnancy and Preparation for Confinement—Care of the new-born Infant—Glossary— Index

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a l l w e s a y i t is. F . A . L . , 1919.

State i f the above A d d ress is P e rm a n e n t .

— FIRST

A ir

£etters to the Sditor. We are in no way responsible tor the opinions expressed, or tie statements made, by Correspondents — E d i t o r , E t c .

NAVAL

V O L U N T EE R RESERVE SERVICE MEDAL.

LONG

S ir,— I notice by your Brevities in last month’s FIRST Aid that war service is to be counted double towards the Long Service Medal. I should like to ask if old members of the R.N.A.S.B.R. are entitled to the Naval Volunteer Reserve Long Service Medal which is granted for 12 years’ service in the Royal Naval Volunteers or 15 years’ service in the R.N.V. Reserve. I joined the R.N.A.S.B.R. in 1903, when it was first raised, and have now served over 15 years.— Yours, &c., “ One o f t h e Old Brigade.” [We deal with this subject in an Editorial.— Ed.].

RED

CROSS

JAPAN.

Dear Sir,— I have to thank several of your readers for letters of enquiry with reference to my articles on the above subject in F ir s t Aid for July and August. I wrote the articles which have just appeared some eighteen months ago and had then a good supply of a most interesting little booklet printed in English and sent to me from the head quarters of the Society in Tokio. Unfortunately, owing to the frequent moves consequent on active services in the field, these booklets have been mislaid. I wrote to the Japanese Consul General in London and have had the following reply :— Consulate General of Japan, 1, Broad Street Place, London, E.C.2. 27th August, 1819. Dear Sir,—I have received your kind letter together with the two copies of First Aid, in which you have con tributed an interesting and valuable article on the Red Cross Society in Japan. I have sent one copy to the head quarters of the said Society in Tokio, mentioning at the same time my appreciation of the interest kindly taken by you on behalf of the Society. I also asked the President to forward any booklets or pamphlets which may be useful in enlightening the English people of the works of the Society as we have none of that kind in my office except a monthly periodical in Japanese. My suggestion is that any of your readers who desire to become members of the Society should send me a written ap plication with the prescribed subscription (for Life Member, £ 2 12s. ; or for Special Member, ,£20 16s.) and I will pay the amounts as received to the Japanese Consul General, who will arrange for their transmission to Japan. Yours faithfully, R. J. Blackham. Army and Navy Club, Pall Mall, London, S.W.i.

Corrections.— In our July issue, under Official News, we stated that Capt. Hopw ood to be Divisional Supt. of the Fenton Division, this should be Divisional Hon. Surgeon. W e also stated in our last issue that Mrs. Twiss was L a d y Supt. of the Southampton Division, this should have been 1st O ffic er; Mrs. L a k e is the Lady Supt.

When corresponding with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid ”

R a id

C e rtifica te s.

W e have still available a few of the Air Raid Certificates, a reproduction of which appeared in our last issue. I f any Division is requiring these, will they please let us have their orders by an early post. A secretary of a Division who was supplied last month has written to us as follows :— “ Highly delighted with certificates, and feel quite sure our members will value them.” T h e certificates are supplied at 15s. 6d. per dozen, and can be obtained from Messrs. Dale, Reynolds & Co., Ltd., 46, Cannon-street, E.C.4.

O. THE

September, 1919

AID. —

W e much regret to announce the death of Mr. Edwin Sachs, F.R .S .(E d .), F .R .G .S ., Chairman of the British

Fire Prevention Committee, at his residence, 5, Ulsterterrace, Portland-place, on September 9th, after a very pro longed illness. A t an early age Mr. Sachs was impressed by the great loss of human life and property due to fire, a loss which he felt might be reduced to a minimum by im proved building legislation and the observance o f the ordi nary measures of precaution. H e was specially conscious of the great loss of infant life due to the use of inflammable clothing, and helped to procure protective legislation in the various Childrens’ Acts.

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i i T

— FIRST

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T h e Indian M anual of F irst Aid. Eighteenth Edition. Price 2 S . The Indian C atechism of F i r s t Aid. Fifth Edition. Price is. Indian Home Nursing. Eighth Edition. Price 2S. T he Indian C atech ism of Home Nursing. Second Edition. Price is. (id. T he P rim e r of Tropical Hygiene. Fifth Edition. Price 2S. Indian A m b u lan c e T rain in g. Price i s . Sp e cim en E xa m ina tion P ap ers in F irst Aid, N ursin g and H ygiene. Third Edition. Price is . Household E m e rg e n c y C hart. Third Edition. Price 3s. Household Reference C h art. Third Edition. Price 3s. S u p p lie s fr o m

PO STAL IN STR U C TIO N in “ PRESCRIPTION R EA D IN G ” and “ ELEM ENTARY DISPENSIN G.” Everyone engaged in F I R S T AID work should take up above Courses at once.

A member ot S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted tor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) S pecia l te r m s n o w — half fees— to members of S.J.A.B., Stc. Apply (stam p) to M r. J . E. W a ld e n , Sec., W estminster College (Lady Dispensers Section of the W estminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874), I 12, S t, d e o r r e ’s R o ad , S o u th w a r k , L o n d o n .

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COUPON.

To be cut out and enclosed with a ll Queries S ept ., 1 9 1 9 .

FIRST AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No.

3 0 4 .—

V o l.

XXVI

N O T IC E

AID

-----

OCTOBER,

1919*

GAZETTE.

DALE. PRICE THREEPENCE

[M n ttre d a t S ta tio n e r s ' H a ll.)

[3 /6

P er Anndm , P ost F ree

of duly authorised voluntary national Red Cross organisa

READERS.

tions having as purposes the improvement of health, the

F I R S T AID is published on the a o t h of ea c h m on th. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free; single copies 3d. Its aim and object being the advancement 01 Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for Oubhcation ) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers, DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon Street, London, E.C. 4. Telegraphic A ddress: “ Tw entv-four , London." Telephone No. 5 4 7 ’] Bank.

prevention

disease, and

throughout the world.”

the mitigation of

suffering

In short, there is an abunGance

of opportunity before the two societies. It might be reason able to set up in each county a county committee, compris ing not only an equal number of members of each society, but also of the societies treating with all the activities comiDg under the League of N ation’s definition of Red Cross work. T h e agreement is contingent upon the British R ed Cross Society obtaining an extension of its Charter to adapt the organisation to peace work, but

Sir Arthur

Stanley anticipates that this will be granted.

Nothing

in the agreement will in any way affect the status of the Order or the Society under their respective Charters. From

the

experience

continental

R ed

Cross

Societies the new corporation will be of immense national

EDITORIAL.

benefit, and the T i m e s aptly points out that there is every prospect that much energy and devotion of these two famous bodies which might miss their highest achieve

T h e agreement between the Order of The A g reem ent St. John and the British Order of S t .

Society has now

R ed Cross

been signed,

under

John and

which the two societies continue their

British Red

joint undertaking which they conducted

Cross S o ciety,

throughout the war.

T h e joint peace

work, which begins at once, is to be carried on under a joint council consisting of an equal number of members of each body, and the members of the existing Joint War Committee are to be members of the new Joint Council, thus preserving continuity between the war and peace organisation.

In May of each year 'one-

third of the members will retire, but will be eligible for reelection, and the Order and the R ed Cross Society will nominate successors for those members o f the Council retiring. Under their new constitution

the corporation

will

have a most patriotic and useful work to do as is con templated in Article 25 of the League of Nations, which runs as follows :— “ T h e members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation

ment through a natural but inevitable tendency towards overlapping or dispersion will be directed under centra supervision into the most profitable channels.

During 1918, 1,805 cases underwent antirabic treat ment at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. O f these five died of hydrophobia, a mortality of 0^27 per cent. O n e of these five showed signs of hydrophobia during treatment, whilst another failed to attend regularly the remaining three developed symptoms after the course of treatment, in one case as long as four months afterwards. All cases treated at the Institute are put into three categories according as the biting animal is experimentally proved to have been rabid, verified as rabid after veterinary examination, or only suspected of rabies. Only one of the fatal cases belonged to this last category. From E ngland there came eighteen cases for treatment none of phobia. In the last thirty

these developed hpdroyears, out of 32,817

cases treated, the total mortality has been 92, or 0.28 per cent,

— FIRST

3ht Stand friorg of the 6rd«r of the Kospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. A M B U LA N C E

fjhe St. No. 1 D i s t r i c t .

DEPARTM ENT.

John .Ambulance Brigade.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r :

W. H. WINNY, O.B.E.

NOVEMBER, 1919. Sunday, „ „ „ „

Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. 2nd.— No. 9 Division, St. John’s Gate. 9th.— No. 10 „ St. Marks. 16th.- No. 11 „ Wembley and Harlesden. 23rd.— No. 13 „ G. N. Railway. 30th.— No. 15 „ East Ham.

From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m.

OFFICER ’S TRAININ G COURSE. The next meeting in connection with the Officer’s Train ing Course will be held at the St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, E.C.i, at 7.30 p.m., on Wednesday, October 22nd, 1919. Officers and members in charge of Divisions are asked to attend this meeting, as details of the forthcoming inspection will be discussed, and it is desirable that a complete under standing should exist as to the programme to be followed on that occasion. A meeting in connection with the Officer’s Training Course will also be held at St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, E.C.i, on Wednesday, November 19th, 1919. It is hoped that all officers and members for promotion to the rank of officer, will attend this meeting. SERGEANTS’ AND ' CORPORALS’ CLASS. The next meeting in connection with this class will be held at St. James’s Schools, Clerkenwell, E.C. 1, on Wednes day, November 5th, 1919, at 7.30 p.m. All members of these ranks, and candidates for promotion to same, should endeavour to attend this meeting. A NNUAL INSPECTION. The Annual Inspection of the Prince of Wales’ Corps will be held in the grounds of the Merchant Taylor’s Schools, Charterhouse-square, E.C., on Saturday, October 25th, 1919, at 3 p.m. Dress :— Review order— but overcoats should be worn. Officers and members in charge of Divisions, both ambu lance and nursing, are urged to impress upon their members the necessity of attending at this function, as it involves their efficiency for the year. Absence therefrom can only be author ised by the Commissioner. The attendance of plain clothes members is also neces sary. Special instruction should be given to all ranks by officers and members in charge of Divisions as to the correctness of dress, cleaning of buttons, badges and medals and to the con dition of pouch equipment. WAR SERVICE BADGES. The list for the War Service Badge is now being closed, and no further applications can be entertained after October 25th, 1919. RAILWAY STRIKE. The Commissioner desires to thank all ranks, both ambu lance and nursing, for the excellent way in which they re sponded to the appeal made to them to take duty at the special Brigade Camp pitched in Hyde Park from September 30th to October nth, 1919. The Ambulance station was kept going day and night, nurses and men attending in the daytime, and men sleeping at the tent at night. Some twenty or thirty cases were treated daily, and a letter has been received from the Ministry of Food, thanking the brigade for the assistance given.

AID. —

O ctober, 19 19

CIRCULATION OF DISTRICT ORDERS. Two copies of the District Orders are issued to each Division, and where there are sections, additional copies. It seems apparent that in some cases the rank and file are not allowed an opportunity of seeing these orders. One copy should be retained on the file of the officer or member in charge of the Division, and one copy should be affixed to the Divisional notice board for the information of all ranks. (Signed) W. H. W I N N Y , Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenwsll E.C. I M P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— Editor. Barking (72) Division.— A Victory Hospital Fete was held at Barking last month, and the Division was on duty in the park under Ambulance Officer A. J. Nice, and Miss Emer son being in charge of the Nursing Division. During the pro ceedings War Service Badges were presented to ambulance workers by Mr. H. Hargreaves. During air raids two to four ambulance men and nurses were in attendance, with stretchers and equipment, at each of the eight public shelters in the town, assisting generally by promoting the welfare of, and rendering first aid when neces sary, to the hundreds of women and children and men who sought shelter. Being thus distributed they were prepared and to hand for any emergency arising in the locality. Fifty-four air raid calls in all were made in the London area ; members of the Barking Division were reported on duty by the police at 47 of these calls. The war service badges were awarded for a minimum of 20 duties ; 18 members qualified for these, viz. :— Ambulance Office A. J. Nice, Sergt. Warboys, Ptes. Metcalfe, Rev. H. Trueman, Lee, Wilkinson, Steward, Saunders Rumbold, Thompson, Norman, Kitson and Sparks ; former members, Messrs. H. Simons, Gowlett, Draine, Phillips and Wells (deceased). Sixteen other members who joined the Brigade at later dates “ turned out ” regularly for duty, but were unable to make the necessary number of attendances. Two members, Corpl. Reckitts and Pte. Skllman, have recently returned to the Division after having served in the R.A.M.C. during the war. Royal Borough o f Richmond (No. 26) Nursing Division.— It is with deep regret that we have to announce the death of Miss Alice Le Farvre, secretary of Nursing Division. Miss Le Farvre has been connected with the St. John Ambulance Brigade for 12 years— five years in Liverpool and seven in Richmond. Seven years ago when Miss Le Farvre came to Richmond in the exercise of her profession, she found there was no local branch of the Brigade. She at once set to work in spite of adverse criticism and seeming lack of interest to organise classes in First Aid and Home Nursing, and such was her enthusiasm that in a couple of years a fully equipped Nursing Division was in working order with a full complement of staff and a membership of sixteen. With characteristic modesty Miss Le Farvre refused to take the chief post in the Division, for which she was eminently fitted, preferring to re main First Nursing Officer, and it was only eighteen months ago that she consented to accept the post of secretary, although at all t mes the most enthusiastic of workers. She was, indeed, an ideal member of the Brigade— never absent from drills, never late, always ready to sacrifice her spare time to take public duty. She did more public duty than any other member; she was always willing and anxious to lend a hand, and never the least upset or out of humour by press of work. It was a great grief to her that she was not allowed to do hospital work during the war on account of her health. A year ago she had a very serious illness from which she never really recovered, and a second attack proved fatal on August 8th last.

O ctobSr, 1919.

— FIRST

No. 2 District. Norton H ill.— A concert was held by the Division on September 27th in aid of the funds of the Division, and occasion was taken to present the awards to members of the classes. Dr. Pollard, the Divisional Surgeon, made the pre sentation, he also had the pleasing duty to present to the Hon. Secretary of the Division, on behalf of the members, with an attache case suitably inscribed. Division Supt. G. G. Phillips was also presented with a silver plated cruet on the occasion of his resignation owing to leaving the district. No. 3 District. M arket Harborough.—A re-union dinner was held at the Assembly Rooms on 18th September, about 50 members were present. The chair was occupied by Mr. Green, who was supported by the Rev. B. Ufifen, Dr. C. T. Scott, Dr. H Town send Whitling, Dr. Crisp, Mr. H. W. Symington, Captain C. R. Knighton and Mr. E. P. Betts. The chairman, in the course of his remarks, said that he had not hesitated in saying that wherever they were or what ever they were doing, the ambulance men of Market Har borough on active service had all done their duty as English men in the great war. This was emphasised by the fact that some had gained distinction for bravery, these included Ser geant Smith, Messrs. Maycock, Barlow and Brooks. Sergt. Tooth submitted a report of the results of exami nations from 1914-1916, and thanked the doctors who gave the lectures on those occasions. From October, 1914, to June, 1916, 3 ! 7 entered for the examinations, 231 sat for the exami nations, 200 passed and 49 of the successful male candidates joined the Division. Mr. H. W. Symington congratulated the Division on the excellent work done lately. There was no doubt, he said, the war had given a great stimulus to ambulance work, and they appreciated its value now more than ever. They had in hand now a nice little sum to meet current expenses, but expenses in the future would be considerably heavier than in the past. His own peronal experience had made him appreciate fully the value of the Brigade, and he felt if the work they were doing was more generally understood they would be able to get a substantial annual subscription list. They should strike while the iron is hot. If people knew that all their work was done voluntarily they would not hesitate to subscribe. No. 5 District.

AID. —

H u d d e r s f i e l d . — The Central Division of the Hudders field Corps held a most successful Welcome Home Social on October 2nd at their headquarters, the Co-operative Hall, Princess-street, in honour of the 200 odd members who had been on active service during the war. Over 200 members and their friends attended, presided over by the Corps Supt. Mr.G. W. Haigh, supported by the Corps Surgeon, Lieut.-Col. E. G. Coward and Divisional Surgeons, Drs. A. L. McCully and A. Latimer Walker. The Chairman welcomed the several members on their safe return from the war, congratulated the three members who had won the Military Medal, and deplored the loss of the nine members who had made the great sacrifice. He advised all the members to rally round the corps for the advancement of their humane work, as it was required in peace-time as well as in war-time in every sphere of life. Col. Coward, Dr. McCully and Dr. Walker urged the mem bers to do their best to do all in their power to push on the noble work and to get it to the standard of perfection as it was before the war.

S h e f f i e l d . — Now that the war is over, and most of those members of the Sheffield Corps who have been on active ser vice, have returned, it was thought desirable to have a Corps Re-union. This function took place at Stephenson’s Restaurant, on September 18th, and proved a great success. Amongst the returned members one cannot fail to mention Capt. Buxton, the newly appointed Corps Supt. There were about 200 members and their wives present, and those newly returned members were given a cordial welcome by Divisional Supt. A. E. Taylor, who has had charge of the Corps, for some time during the war. In welcoming them, he said that there were two classes of men in the Corps— those who had been on active service, and those who stayed at home. Concerning the latter, he was bound to say, they were not shirkers, but they had faithfully given up time, and home comforts to assist with wounded convoys, hospital duties and air raid duties, besides fulfilling the ordinary public duties. After a substantial tea, the guests were [entertained by artistes, invited by Sergt. Wm. Foster.

No. 12 (Irish) District. The Order of Queen Elizabeth has recently been awarded to Miss Elsie Boyle, 6, Rosmeen-gardens, Kingstown, Nursing Officer, Kingstown Nursing Division, St. John Ambulance Brigade. Miss Boyle worked in the British Farmers’ Hospital at Calais, and later with the same unit in Brussels. The medal was presented to Miss Boyle by H.M. The Queen of the Belgians personally when she visited the hospital in July last.

Boston.— The members of the Boston Division, St. John Ambulance Brigade, spent a very pleasant evening together on Friday, 17th October, at their headquarters, the occasion be ing the presentation of Air Raid Certificates by Mr. James Eley, J. P., to those who had renderei excellent service in con nection with air raid duties. Mr. Ely paid a very high tribute to the Boston Division in the wonderful war work it had accomplished, making particular reference to the Repatriation of Prisoners of War at the Boston Docks. Supt G A Enderby responded in a well directed speech and enlarged upon the nature and scope of the war-work referred to by Mr Eley, and continuing, said it was due to the loyalty of all ranks that such good results had been achieved. A/O.' W H Lunn also responeded and spoke well on behalf of the men A smoking concert followed.

A large First Aid Station of the St John Ambulance Brigade was organised at the Dublin Horse Show, where every thing necessary for ordinary emergencies was available, and many accidents were treated, and a Rest Station was erected in the grounds, where several cases, mainly of collapse, were attended to. The following note inserted in the Brigade Visitors’ Book by Mr. Bohane, Agricultural Superintendent, testifies to the entire satisfaction given to the Council of the Royal Dublin Society t —

Derby.— The annual inspection of the Derby Nursing Division was held by the Assistant-Commissioner (Dr. Dobson of Ilkeston) on September 24th, at the Drill Hall, Derby. The Lady Supt., Divisional Surgeon, 5 officers and 59 nursing sisters were on parade, and the Commissioner heartily con gratulated them on their smart appearance and the general progress of the Division. The annual meeting of the Division took place on Oct 1st when Mrs. Smiley, the Lady Supt., explained that the Division had been invited by the Medical Officer of Health for Derby to assist with the welfare centres in the town. The treasurer reported that the year commenced with a balance injhand of jf>23. 19 s- 6d. ; income amounted to £ 2 2 10s. ; expenses / i • leaving a balance of ^45 9s. 6d. at the end of the year ’ ’

“ I am exceedingly pleased with the arrangements made by the Brigade, and the prompt manner in which all cases have been treated. “ Signed E d w a r d B o h a n e , “ Agricultural Superintendent.” District Surgeon Mather Thomson, F.R.C.S.I., acted as Chief Medical Officer, while Doctors Henry Hunt, Burnett Scott, and W. A. Cooke gave their valuable services during the week. The officers in charge of the arrangements for the week were .— Corps. Supt. J. H. Webb, Lady Corps Supt. Mrs. Shanks, Corps Officer A. J. McWilliams, who were assisted by District Officer Miss L Overend, Corps Supt. Mrs. R. Keatinge, Lady Corps Officer Mrs. Hignett, O.B.E., Lady Supt. Miss Moubray, and many other officers and members of the Dublin units.

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. —

T .

J O G

O ffic ia l

B rig a d e

H A

N Z

A T

October, 1919,

Lovegrove, Pte. W. H., Heanor, Notts, and Derby Regt. (attached to 1st Northamptonshire Regt.). Noble, Pte. J. E., Heanor, R.A.M.C. Whiteman, Sergt. T. E., Heanor, 10th Notts, and Derby Regt.

N ew s.

SEPTEMBER, 1919. T h e C hief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No i D istrict (Prince of W ales’s C orps). Balham and Streatham Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. C. Heaton resigned his appointment, 2.7.19. No. 3 District. North East Warwickshire Corps (Foleshill and Longford Division).--First Class Sergt. Albert Charles Wilkins to be Divisional Supt., 4.9.19. First Class Sergt. William Henry Sephton to be Ambulance Officer, 9.9.19. Birmingham Corps (King’s Heath Division).— Edward Moreland Pawsey to be Ambulance Officer, 4.9.19. Northampton Corps (Headquarters Division).— Sergt. William James Ricks to be Ambulance Officer, 14.9.19.

Military A ward . Sergt. T. Williams, Shirebrook Division, Military Medal. S t.

John

V o lu n ta ry

A id

D eta ch m en ts.

The following Detachments have been disbanded— Surrey 118, 9.10.19. A ppointments and R esignations . Leicestershire 26.— Miss C. Durrant to be Commandant, vice Miss M. Musson, resigned. Hampshire 74.— Mrs. Twiss to be Commandant, vice Mrs. Barnes, resigned.

No. 5 District. Sheffield Corps (B Division).— First Class Se-gt. Charles H. Lee to be Ambulance Officer, 4.9.19. Sheffield Corps (C Division).— First Class Sergt. William A. Browne to be Ambulance Officer, 49.19. Sheffield Corps.— Divisional Supt. Capt. Oswald F. Bux ton to be Corps Supt., 27.8.19, vice Corps Supt. H. C. Else, promoted to Assistant Commissioner. Sheffield Corps (A Division).— First Class Sergt. Charles H. Forster to be Ambulance Officer, 4 9.19. North Lindsey Division.— Isaac Clarke, L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 15.8.19, vice Divisional Surgeon H. R. J. Behrendt, deceased. Chesterfield Division.— Robert Fraser, M.B-, Ch.B., D P.H., to be Divisional Surgeon, 2.7.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. R. Jameson resigned. Sergt. Charles Edwards to be Ambulance Officer, 9.9.19. Bentinck Colliery Division.— George Nisbet, L.A.H.(Dub.) to be Divisional Surgeon, 6.9.19. No. 6 District. Malton and Norton Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. B. M. Yorke resigned her appointmeut, September, 1919. North Tyneside Corps (North Shields Division).— Ambu lance Officer Thomas Hunter to be Divisional Supt., 12.9.19. Ashington Coal Co. Corps. - Ambulance Officer John Hobson to be Corps Officer, 19.9.19, vice Acting Corps Trea surer G. D. Kidley, resigned, 8.9 19. No. 9 D istrict . Falmouth Division.— Mervyn James Stuart to be Divi sional Supt., 29.8.19. N ew D ivisions, & c . No. 5 District.

Nottingham Corps (Stapleford Nursing Division).— 5.9.19. R oll of H onour . Canlin, Pte. R., Heanor, R.A.M.C. Frank, Sergt. C. F., Whitby, 12th Royal Highlanders.

T he

O rder

of Red

S t.

John

C ross

and

th e

B ritish

S o c ie ty .

T he N ew Joint C ouncil . Thf. joint working agreement of the two corporations was entered into on Sept. 4th. The Joint Council will con sist of the Grand Prior of St. John and the chairman of the council of the Red Cross Sjciety, and not more than fortyeight other members. The first joint council will be con stituted as follows :— (а) Twenty-four members to be appointed by the Order, of whom the first will be the following :— Adeline, Duchess of Bedford, G.B.E. Ethel Lucy, Lady Perrott, R.R.C. Colonel Sir Herbert Jekyll, K.C.M.G. Colonel Sir Herbert Charles Perrott, Bt. C.H., C.B. The Earl of Plymouth, G.B.E., C.B. Lieut.-Colonel Sir Richard Carnac Temple ,Bt., C.B., C.l.E. Sir John Prescott Hewett, G.C.S.I., K.B.E., C.l.E. The Earl of Ranfurly, G C.M.G. The Hon. Sir William Henry Goschen, K.B.E. The Right Hon. Evelyn Cecil, P.C., M.P. (Secretary General of the Order of St. John. Sir William Henry Bennett, K.C.V.O , F.R.C.S. Sir Mackenzie Dalzell Chambers, K.C.B., C.S.I. Together with such other twelve persons as the Order shall nominate. (б) Twenty-four members to be appointed by the Society of whom the first will be the following :— Her Royal Highness the Princess Christian, G.B.E. The Marchioness of Lansdowne, C.I., C.H. Georginia Countess of Dudley, R.R.C. Viscountess Northchffe. Sir Ernest Clarke. Sir William Edmund Garstin, G.C.M.G., G.B.E. Sir Robert Arundell Hudson, G.B.E.

O c t o b e r , 1 9 19.

—

F IR ST

A ID

TH E

ST.

Sir Walter Roper Lawrence, Bt.. G.C.I.E., G.C.V.O. Mr. Edward A. Ridsdale. The Hon. Sir Charles Russell, Bt. The Hon. Sir Arthur Stanley, G.B.E., C.E., M.V.O. (chair man of the Executive Committee). Sir Frederick Treves, Bt., G.C.V.O., C.B. Together with such other twelve persons as the Society shall nominate. At a meeting in May, 1920, and at a meeting in May in every subsequent year one-third of the members of the Joint Council appointed by the Order and one-third of the members o f the Joint Council appointed by the Society will retire, but will be eligible for re-election. T h e Order and the Society respectively will decide as to which of their respective appointees are due for retirement, and will before the next ensuing Joint Council meeting nominate their successors. Any casual vacancy caused by the death or resignation during his or her period of office of any member of the Joint Council will be filled on the nomina tion of the body to which the member so dying or resigning belonged. T h e objects of the Joint Council will be as follows :— (a) To control and direct the work and objects (whether within or beyond the United Kingdom) of the Order and Society respectively, and by a regulation of activities, whether by devolution to the Order or Society or otherwise, to prevent overlapping, duplication, or waste of energy, and ensure harmonious and efficient co-operation between the Order and the Society in carrying out their respective objects for the time being. (b) To control (subject to the authority of the finance committee) the expenditure and management of such funds as it may be trusted with. (c) To promote so far as practicable within the means in its power the improvement of health, the prevention of disease, and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world, whether in peace or war, but so that no appeal for funds or subscriptions will be issued by the Order or Society without the sanction of the Joint Council or of any authority in any particular area to which it may from time to time delegate the power. T h e control and direction of the work and objects of the Order and the Society are to be carried out in such manner as to preserve the individuality of the Order and the Society, and so as not to interfere with their corporate powers and limitations, or with the activities of any now existing overseas organisation of either body without the approval of such organisation. T h e Joint Council in general meeting will have the following p ow ers:— (a) To appoint from among its own members a chair man and a vice-chairman, who shall both hold office for one year, but will be eligible for re-election, and shall exofficio be members of the committee of management, the finance committee, and all sub-committees, but so that both offices shall not be held by representatives of the same body at the same time. (b) To make such rules and regulations for its own procedure as it shall think fit. (c) To decide on the general policy to be adopted with a view to carrying out the objects for which the Joint Council was established. (d) To delegate any of its powers to the committee of management, the finance committee, or any sub-com mittee, or to any organisation for a county or group of counties. (e) To establish joint committees throughout Eng land, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, or elsewhere for the developmeut of its work. (/)

T o e le c t from th e m e m b e r s o f th e Joint C ou n cil

JO H N

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E .—

and similarly at the meeting in May in each year a Com mittee of Management with such powers and duties as shall from time to time be delegated to it by the Joint Council. (g ) To appoint annually a Finance Committee, to whom all questions of finance shall be referred. {h) To fill any casual vacancy occurring through the the death or resignation of a member of the Committee of Management or of the Finance Committee during its period of office by the appointment of any member of the Joint Council belonging to the same body as the member or the Committee of Management or of the Finance Com mittee so dying or resigning. (/) To appoint (if invited) representatives to any in ternational committee which may be formed for the fur therance of any of the objects of the Order or the Society. T h e Committee of Management will be selected from the Joint Council, and will consist of eight members of the Order and eight members of the Society, who will hold office for one year, but will be eligible for re-election, except that the members elected in 1919 will hold office until the meeting in May, 1920. T h e Finance Committee will consist of not more than eight members (exclusive of ex-officio members), four of whom will be selected from the members of the Joint Council appointed by the Order and four from the mem bers of the Joint Council appointed by the Society. T h e first Finance Committee will hold office until the meeting of the Joint Council in May, 192 0, but will be eligible for re-appointment. N o liabilities are to be incurred or pay ments made by the Joint Council or the Committee of Management except with the approval of the Finance C o m mittee. Sir Arthur Stanley, chairman of the Joint War C o m mittee, in a published letter indicates the department of work which, he hopes, lie before the organisation, the most urgent of which are :— 1. T h e care of the sick and wounded men of his Majesty’s Forces whether still on the active list or d e mobilised. 2. Such care as may still be necessary for prisoners of war. 3. T h e care of those suffering from tuberculosis, hav ing regard in the first place to soldiers and sailors whether they have contracted the disease on active service or not. 4. Child welfare. 5. Work parties to provide the necessary garments, etc., for hospitals and health institutions in need of them. 6. Assistance required in all branches of nursing, health, and welfare work, auxiliary to the Ministry of Health. 7. R e d Cross war and peace hospital library. 8. H o m e service ambulance work.

W a r

S e rv ic e

B adge.

St. John V . A . D . ’s and Divisions o f the St. John A m b u lance Brigade are being informed through County D irec tors and through the C h ie f Commissioner that no further applications for St. John War Service Badges can be enter tained unless they are received at St. John’s Gate before Novem ber 15th. T h e qualifications for this badge have been in circulation for considerably more than a year, so that all applications should have by now been forwarded.

— F IR S T A ID & T H E ST. JO H N A M BU LA NCE G A ZETTE. —

G ran ts

S c h o la rs h ip s .

T h e following members were granted a Scholarship under the R e d Cross :— G eneral T raining . Agnes Bland, London 114. Margaret Barker, Cheshire 92 Faith Garner, London 232. Margaret Basford, London 250. Victoria Gilbert, Cornwall 36. Maggie Hamilton. Belfast 40. Elsie Hill, Somerset 42. Margaret Jenner, Glos. 60. Mary Lee, Norfolk 108. Ida Levinge, W. Meath, 5. Olga Le Chasseur, Jersey 4. Edith London, Hants 196. Sara McPherson, Isle of Man 4. Gertrude Mirrington, Bristol 2. Gladys Pasbach, Surrey 20. Mabel Phillips, Middlesex 2. Emily Pickles, W.R. Yorks. 90. Ida Simmons, E. Lancs. 264. Irene Thomas, Berks 36. Mabel Walker, Northants 6. Fanny Pusey, Oxford 8. Hilda Pusey, Oxford 8. Ellen Goodson, Norfolk 54. Ruby Haydon, Kent 172. Hilda Heath, Sussex 36. Elinor Jeffreys, Dorset 72. Elsie Knight, Belfast 70. Margaret Coulson, Down 16. Irene Charley, Glos. 102. Eva Burton, Essex 30. Dora Brydon, Dorset 66. Rhoda Edwards, Berks. 32. Annie Sparkes, Norfolk 6. Ida Robson, Kingston 6, S.J.A.B. T h e following members were granted a Scholarship subject to obtaining a vacancy :— Dorothy Brown, Shrops. 18. Eleanor Brinton, Warwick 36. Dorothy Bresher, Hants 2. Nora Brameld, Somerset 14. Margaret Bowes, Yorks. 36. Veronica Bourke, E. Lancs. 252. Henrietta Jack; S.J.A.A. Nellie Ashworth, E. Lancs. 122. Ethel Bailey, Bucks 42 Dorothy Kelly, Galway 1174. V'era Lang, Middlesex 42. Edith Shelley, Lincoln 14. Clarice Sprathng, Surrey 118. Mary Trood, Cornwall 18. Margaret Wells, Derby 44. Eva Williams, Devon 28. Rhoda Eborn, Middlesex 10.

M id w ife ry .

Clarice Porter, London 202. Anne Thompson, E. Lancs. 128. Gertrude Harrison, Yorks. S.J.A.B. Ethel Boswell, Leicester S.S.P. Lily Catchpole, Suffolk 48. Isobel Collins, Middlex 12. Isabel Hindmarsh, Northumberland, 64. Lucy Nash, Derby 6. Margaret Turnbull, Warwick 46. Blanche Whalley, W. Lancs. 66. Edith Harris, Sussex 38. Margaret Sowels, Norfolk 94.

October, 1919.

Nora Bradley, E. Yorks. 44. Katherine D. Evans, London 116. Isabel Montford, Derby 30. Annie Westmoreland, Cumberland 14. Francis A. Younger, Durham 24. Ethel Todd, E. Lancs. 202. Kathleen G. Felton, Hants 12. Alice M. Keer, W.R. Yorks. 108. Evelyn Mount, W. Lancs. 26. Mary L. O. Seton, Kincardine 2 Julia R. Usher, Surrey 94. Jane E. Waddy, E.R. Yorks. 8. Sarah Corson, Stafford 2. T h e following members were granted a Scholarship subject to obtaining a vacancy :— Lily Albrighton, S.J.A.B. Annie Arney, Somerset 58. Marian Barker, Surrey 98. Julie Bethune, Beds. 2. Doris Charnaud, Surrey 98. Annie Curris, London 24. Dorothy Brandwood, E. Lancs. 252. Emily Brown, London 60. Emily Bunker, Northants 10. Ada Coleman, Leicester 30. Isabel Collins, Middlesex 12. Lena Coltman, E. Lancs. 222. Elizabeth Common, Northumberland 62. Mary Counsell, E. Lancs. 104. Ada Coupe, Notts. 106. Annie Crossley, E. Lancs. 188. Barbara Curtois, Beds 6. Lily Catchpole, Suffolk 48. Ida Greenaway, S.J.A.B.

V .A .D ’s

S u m m ary

W o rk

fo r

S ep tem b er. T h e number of visitors who had been to the headquarters of the V .A .D . Department has slightly diminished during the past month, the returns being about 1,300 as compared with 1,500 last month. T h e work seems to be gradually decreasing in some departments, while the work of com piling the records still continues, as also the Gratuity D e partment. A new branch of work is about to be com menced which will deal entirely with the War Medal Roll, and will entail a good deal of work in looking up records. T he M ilitary D epartment state they have only received 68 requisitions for the services of our nursing members. Some of these have, however, been filled by the Matron-in-Chief from her hospitals with members who have returned from service in F r a n c e ; and 175 members have been posted to Naval, Military, W .R .A .F . and Pensions Hospitals and Sick Bays. T he G eneral S ervice D epartment . A t the beginning of September the above department was exceedingly busy, as several large requisitions of all categories were in hand for France. Later, however, a change of policy was decided on by the War Office and the majority of those requisitions were cancelled. Thirty-four members for Constantinople set forth on their journey this month. In the Motor Department 187 applicants have been interviewed. O f these only 26 passed the driving test. Tw en ty motor drivers have been posted, and twenty more are ready if needed.

O ctober,

1919.

—

F I R S T

Tn ere have been several changes in ihe nursing staff of the V .A .D . Hospital in Nottingham-place during the last month owing to illness, and those who were treated speak gratefully of the care they have received. T h e operation cases have done particularly well during the past month. T here has not been quite so long a waiting list as usual for the Convalesent Hom e at Hartsleap, but the patients there have made good progress, and speak enthusiastically o f the kindness shown them by one and all, and the im mense care they all take to see that the patients are happy and comfortable. Breakfast is brought to everyone in bed, and rest is enforced on everybody, the only rule being that the patients, or rather the convalescents, getting up after n . o make their own beds. Motor drives arranged for those who cannot walk ; for those who can there are plenty o f lovely walks in the neighbourhood, and for those who want to sit still and rest there is no lack of comfortable arm-chairs, plenty of cushions and books of all kinds. T he

Sc h o l a r s h ip

D e p a r tm en t

state that three further expert committees have been held since our report of last month, and Scholarships have been awarded to candidates applying for training as Midwives and Nurses. There are still several cases to be considered as regards General Training and Midwifery. A list of successful candidates in these professions is appended.

F ete

a t

th e

R oyal

B o ta n ic a l

G ard en s.

A f e t e in aid of the funds of the Metropolitan Police Orphanage was held at the Royal Botanical Gardens on September 25th, 1919. A m o n g many interesting events was the annual am bu lance competition of the Metropolitan Police for the S ’. John Challenge Shield, presented by Major E. H. T. Parsons, C . B . E , which took place during the day. Dr. R. B. Duncan, and Mr. W. R. Edwards, O B E , veiy kindly undertook the judging of the competitions, and teams representing D G J and R Divisions competed. M uch enthusiasm was shown by the teams, who, however, in some cases, were handicapped by the inability on the part of some of their members to attend. The Shield was won by R Division, D Division being second. At the close of the proceedings the prizes for the ambulance and other competitions held in connection with the Fete were presented by Lady Macready, and Police Sergt. A. J. Matthews was decorated with the badge of an Honorary Serving Brother of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England by Mr. W. R. Edwards, O .B .E ., the Secretary of the Order.

T h e following V . A . D . Nursing Members have been awarded the Greek Medal of Military Merit, 4th Class Miss Margaret Hester Armitstead, Miss Sarah Lauren te, Miss Hilda Catherine Roper. T h e following Members have been mentioned in D esp atch e s:— Miss Margaret Milne, Aberdeen, 34 ; Miss Mary Green, E .R . Y orks 48 ; Miss Jennie Richards, Cardigan 16.

A I D . —

^practical Joints. The E d ito r invites Not. s on actual Cases - w ith special reference to good and bad toints in Treatm ent— 'o r inclusion in this Column.

A C urious F atal A ccident An old woman, who suffered from extensive varicose veins of the leg, was out shopping when a dog rushed at her, bit her in the leg, and ruptured one of the veins. The wound bled so freely that, First Aid not being available, she died from Shock within an hour of admission to hospital.—E. C., Tufnel Park. Multiple F ractures . Recently I had occasion to visit the casualty room of a hospital, when a patient walked in complaining that he had fallen 8 ft. from a ladder on which he was working, and that he had injured his right wrist. As the man looked badly shaken, the doctor decided to admit him to an in-patient ward. Three days later the man died, and in addition to the fractured fore arm was found to have suffered from fractures of base of skull, sternum, and ten ribs (six on the right and four on left side). A case like this appears to emphasise the wisdcm of always advising patients treated by First Aiders to seek expert advice. —W. E , Hendon. F irst A id in Mid-A ir. A man in the employ of a firm of van builders, while attempting to repair a damaged lift was caught in the winding gear outside a building at a distance of 7oft. from the ground. The lift is a structure on the exterior of the building, and consists of a skeleton of steel girders within which the lift passes up and down, and has a capacity for carrying two Armv lorries at a time. One lorry was being raised when the work ing apparatus broke down. The man proceeded to the top of the lift where the gear room is, and was engaged in rectifying the breakdown when he was caught in the winding gear, and sustained fractures of arms and leg. FI is shouts for help attracted the notice of people below, but the only means of reaching him was by a ladder which runs up the outside of the cage. A London County Council ambu lance was summoned, and first aid men, scaling the ladder, succeeded in putting splints upon the injured limbs. At the same time the fire brigade had been summoned, and unsuccess ful endeavours were made to get the man down by means of the fire escape. Finally a stretcher was pulled up by ropes and the patient was placed upon this. Then four men, holding on to the ropes, proceeded to lower him 70 fL to the ground. This deli cate operation being carried out satisfactorily, the patient was placed in the ambulance and taken to hospital.— F. C., Brent ford.

Supt. Catt, first officer (French), and 24 N .C .O .’s and men of the Island of Sheppey Division have been awarded the War Service Badge of the Association for their special duties during air raids. T h e y have also had experience in transport work and hospital duties in connection with the local military hospitals.

C o r r e c t i o n . — Medallion Awards, etc.— W e stated in our last issue with reference to B.O. 305 and 328 (b) that “ A n y person who, with twelve months prior to joining the Royal Arm y M edical Corps, the Medical Units Royal Naval Division, the R o yal Naval Auxiliary Sick Berth Reserve, or a Voluntary A id D etachm ent . . Th is should have been “ Any person in possession of a first aid certificated dated 1915 or earlier.”

— FIRST CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l —

The Agreement Order of St. John and the British Red Cross Society ... ... ... ... D istrict R eports — No. 1 ... ... ... No. 2 ; No. 3 ; No. 5 ; No. 12

... ...

— ...

50 51

T he St . John A mbulance G azette — Official Brigade News ... ... The Order of St. John and the British Society ... ... ... War Service Badge ... ... Grants of Scholarships ... ... V.A.D. Summary for September ... Fite at the Royal Botanical Gardens Practical Points — A Curious Fatal Accident Multiple Fractures ... First Aid in Mid Air ...

... ... ...

Brevities ... ... ... ... Death of Sir John Furley ... ... Practical Points from the Textbook ... St. Andrews Ambulance Association ... Railway Ambulance The League of Mercy

... ...

... Red Cross ••• ... ■ ■ ■ ... ... ... ... ... ...

••• •••

... ... ... ...

52 53 54 54 55

55 55 55

••• ■ ■ ■ ••• ...

... ...

L etters to the E ditor — The Song of the St. John Brigade Brigade Nursing Uniform ...

56 57 5^ 59

60 60 ... ...

Q ueries and A nswers to C orrespondents — Signs of Concussion ... ... ... Treatment of Shock ... ... ...

... ...

61 62

... ...

62 62

B re v itie s.

With the passing away of Sir John Furley the ambu lance movement loses one of the last links of its early founda tion, but ambulance workers have a lasting memorial of him in the “ F urley” stretcher, which was his design, and also the “ A s h fo r d ” litter, which bears the name of his birthplace. One of the adventures which Sir John Furley related was how he succeed in getting into Paris during the siege dis guised as a coachman to a member of the Corps Diplo matique. * ■ * * Li?ut.-Col. Charles J. Trimble, R .A .M .C ., in speaking of the S J.A.B . said the warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men of the Provisional C ompany of the Royal

October, 1919.

AID. —

ance of enlistment was prompted by the spirit to enable them to do good service in the hospital of the Order of St, John, and right well performed their self-imposed compact. Their skill as tradesmen was, and is, an asset not easy to value. G ood first-aiders, and many with an elementary knowledge of nursing, their usefulness was without question. *** A s time went on, the superficial knowledge deepened until they become expert ward orderlies. A ll praise is due to them for their gentle and sympathetic care in handling the very sick and badly wounded ; being experts in stretcher drill, the moving of wounded with the least suffering came as second nature, and was on all occasions performed with an expertness and tenderness which delighted all who witnessed them performing this work. Their general good conduct, smartness, respectful bearing and excellent discip line, made-them a credit to the unit and a pride of their officer commanding. N o matter in what section of the work their services were requisitioned, they responded most loyally, and entered on their duties with enthusiasm, they are deserving of all praise. *** W e desire to make this Journal instructive as well as interesting, and in the furtherance of this object we acknowledge our debt of gratitude to the medical profes sion, members of which are always ready to assist the cause with generous and gratuitous service. T o this end the establishment in 1910 of our Query Colum n as a regular and monthly feature proved from the start a great success, thanks to the kindly help of the late Dr. Frank Christian, who, until his lamented death in 1916, acted as honorary expert correspondent to F i r s t A i d .

V W e have been equally fortunate in his successor, and record with pleasure that under Dr. Corbet Fletcher’s able guidance, the column has increased considerably both in popularity and usefulness. Though the number of our queries has dropped since the signing of armis tice, the doctor has during the last twelve months re ceived from all parts o f the world and answered no less than 55 queries, of which 12 refered to fractures, 10 to wounds and haemorrhage, 7 to insensibility, 6 to scalds and other local injuries, 6 to asphyxia, 5 to poisoning, and the remainder to sundry topics, e.g., history, textbook, etc.— in truth, a wide and all-embracing series. * * *

Arm y Medical Corps, “ N o body of men could have more thoroughly, conscientiously and earnestly performed their

Our column of Practical Points, started in October, 1917, has fully justified its introduction, and during the last year we have published 26 such reports received

duties. Recruited and selected from the St. John A m b u lance Brigade, it could be well understood that their accept

from readers, whose cordial co-operation is so essential to the continued success of both columns.

October, 1919. D ea th

— FIRST of

S ir

John

F u rle y .

We regret to announce the death of Sir John Furley, C .H ., C .B., one of the original organisers of the S .J.A .A . and founders of the British Red Cross Society, who died at Oxford on Sept. 26th. Sir John was born at Ashford in 1836, and from an early age a military life had a very great fascination for him and he spent his holidays as a little boy at the Cavalry Depot at Maidstone. H e was educated at Harrow, and when he left, as it was decided he was not strong enough to enter the army, he travelled for a year

[P h o te by S w a in e .

T he late S ir J ohn F urley . with a tutor in France and Germany, and returned home with the intention of studying for the bar. T h e work by which Mr. Furley was to become chiefly known had its origin in 1868 when war broke out between Prussia and Denmark over the Schleswig-Holstein question, and his sympathies were with the gallant little Danes, who were engaged in an unequal fight with their powerful neigh bours. Acting entirely on his own responsibilities he set out to the scene of the operations and there gained his first experience in ambulance work. After the conclusion of the war he travelled extensively on the Continent and on his return to England directed his attention to the R ed Cross movement. In 1868 he attended the Congress of the Society in Berlin, and there stated that although Great Britain had no Society, he promised in the event of a European war breaking out, England would bear its full share in the endeavour to alleviate the sufferings

AID. —

of the victims. T w o years later the Franco-German war broke out and that promise was fulfiled, for the British National Aid Society was hurriedly formed with St. John as one o f the Hon. Secretaries, and a few days later he went to the seat of war as First Commissioner. Sir John’s experiences during the Franco-German War would fill volumes. After being at Metz, Sedan and Orleans, he established himself at the German headquarters at Versailles. H e was one of the very few persons who succeeded in getting into Paris during the siege, where he remained until the end of the Commune. In 1874 he was again in the field ministering to the wounded in Spain during the Carlist War, and one of his most exciting experiences at this time was the search for, and discovery of, E dm und O ’Donovan, the war correspon dent, who he found at Estella, where he had confined in a dungeon without change of clothes for six months. In 1876 the Russo-Turkish War broke out, and Sir John went out, at the request of Lord Wantage, as Special Commissioner of the British R ed Cross Society in Montenegro. Sir John married in 1874 Maria, daughter of George Baker, of Reigate, she became her husband’s untiring and devoted helper. On the outbreak of the Boer War in 1900, Sir John was requested to design and command the “ Princess Christian Hospital T rain ,’’ which he did for a period of nine months. Mention has already been made of the fact that he was one of the founders of the S .J.A .A ., and from the first he always maintained that if the pupils made themselves pro ficient in the relief of sufferers in civil life, a time might come when they could render the greatest service to the Navy and Army. This forecast has been well realised. During the late war, in spite of his advanced age, he was able to render valuable assistance to the R e d Cross. For instance, the original 25 huts, the nucleus of the great base hospital at Netley, were designed under his personal supervision, and these served as the model for the later additions. H e also devoted all his skill and experience to the designing o f hospital trains for use at the front, and their efficiency was in no small degree due to him. In his long career of usefulness Sir John Furley re ceived many marks of public recognition, medals, and decorations from many countries. Besides his knighthood, he was created a Companion of Honour in 1918 ; and was also a C.B ., and a K n ight of Justice and Honorary Bailiff o f the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England. He received the South African war medal with three clasps, and various high foreign orders. L ad y Furley is a L ad y of Justice of the Order of St. John, and has the South African war medal. Sir John leaves no children. A memorial service was held on 1st October at St Peter’s Church, Kensington, Canon Edgar Sheppard, senior Chaplain of the Order of St. John officiated, representing the Order were Mr. W . R. Edwards and the Rev. T C Elsdon. T h e funeral took place on the following day at Oxford.

Captain Cutbush has been appointed chief officer of the London Am bulance Service of the L .C . C . A t present there are six ambulance stations and four more will be opened soon.

When corresponding with Advertisers please

mention “ First Aid ”

—F I R S T P ra c tic a l

P o in ts

fro m

th e

T e x tb o o k .*

Contributed by N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , M.B., B.A., B.C., Cantab,, M.R.C.S., Eng. H on . A ssociate O rd e r o f St. J o h n ; H on . S urg eon St. Jo h n A m bu la n ce B r ig a d e ; A u t h o r o f “ A id s to F i r s t A id ,” &•=c., &*c. ( C o n clu d e d fro m p age 4 2 .) P ag e 154.— In Treatment of Poisoning the doses of of emetics and antidotes are somewhat difficult to remem ber because they are given promiscuously in tablespoonfuls or ounces, in tumblerfuls, half-pints or pints. Does it help you if I point out that (1) emetics and antidotes are given in large quantities for the purpose of facilitating vomiting (often a difficult matter by reason of local and central paralysis) and of diluting and counteracting the poison ; and that (2) the doses in tablespoonfuls p e r p in t are Epsom Salts, r ; Mustard, Whitening, Chalk and Magnesia, 2; C o n d y ’s Fluid, 3 ; Salt, 4 ; Vinegar and Lem on Juice, 20. With emetics please note that the draught must be swallowed r a p id ly in g u lp s, just as Sal Volatile should be administered s lo w ly in sips. Note also that bicarbonate of soda and washing soda no longer figure amongst the anti dotes ; and that, though the advice to wash out the mouth (before allowing patient to swallow) is most unfortunately withdrawn, yet this is a very necessary step in treatment because some of the poison— corrosive and non-corrosive — may still be present in the mouth and will, unless the mouth be first washed out, be carried into the stomach. N ote further that with Oxalic Acid lime salts (e.g., plastor) are specially indicated because salts of soda, potash, and ammonia combine therewith to form soluble poisons; and that in Corrosive Acid Poisoning the choice of alkali is im portant because acids re-act with alkaline carbonates (of which chalk, whitening, washing and bicarbonate of soda are examples) and give off carbonic acid gas, which would dis tend and might cause rupture of the stomach. This reminds me that in examination some of you rattle off the list of antidotes as though you propose to treat your patient to a f u l l m eal o f a l l the varieties named. P a g e 155.— D o n ’t forget that Permanganate of Potash is the antidote not only for Opium Poisoning but also for venomous snake bites (p. 103). P a g e 156.— T h e “ nervous sy m p to m s” of Carbolic Acid are those of extreme Collapse— insensibility, coma, stertorous breathing, loss of reflex movements, hurried and shallow breathing, death. Som e authorities claim that Tincture of Iodine is a better antidote for Carbolic Acid than Epsom Salts, which is o f doubtful value. Testing this for myself one day I succeeded in burning my hand with a combination of the last named, and in neutralising the resulting burn with Tincture of Iodine, whereas a mix ture of Carbolic Acid and Iodine produced no ill-effect. D o not be misled over Prussic Acid, which is a most potent nerve— though non-corrosive— poison and requires an emetic, when possible, at the earliest moment, and for which the Textb ook now states “ give alcoholic stimulants freely.” Prussic Acid produces identical results, whether swallowed or inhaled. P a g e 167.— With Strychn ne the arched-back position is only assumed d u r in g the convulsion, which may last 1, 2 or 3 minutes, and is followed by complete muscular re laxation with signs of Collapse. This sequence is rapidly

A ID —

October, 1919.

repeated, and in fatal cases the convulsions tend to increase in frequency and severity. Artificial respiration is only “ possible ” while the patient’s muscles are relaxed, and the instruction to apply this treatment “ whether breathing has ceased or not” is difficult to understand, because on p. 133 it is clearly and rightly laid down that cessation o f b rea th in g is the in d ica tio n f o r a r t if ic ia l re s p ira tio n . If, therefore, you substitute “ when breathing is beginning 10 fail,” then 1 believe that you will obtain the true meaning of this ambig uous instruction and that you will realise the supreme im portance of the early adoption of artificial respiration in Strychnine Poisoning. P a g e 158.— Corrosive Sublimate is a corrosive poison which requires an emetic, because its action, compared with Corrosive Acids and Alkalies, is slo w e r in onset a n d less intense in effect— e.g., ulceration (with perforation) of stom ach is commonly seen with the latter, though extremely rare with Corrosive Sublimate. By the way, ,do not confuse Tincture of Iodine (which may be administered internally) with Iodine, which is a powerful irritant poison and requires an emetic without delay. Chapter V I I .

(Bandaging).

If you first master the names given to the different parts of the Triangular Bandage— point, base, sides, ends— then you will find that the instructions in the Textbook render bandaging easy, and that all you require is experi ence to carry out the work accurately, efficiently and neatly, By the way, the patient can usually assist greatly by hold ing the point of the bandage in its place. P a g e 160,— Further to what was said on p. 48, a warn ing is necessary about the dressing Bandage for Scalp, which is rarely applied correctly— i.e., “ firmly but not tightly.” From neglect of the instruction from Textbook (hem close down to eyeb row s; ends crossed low down be hind, viz., below prominence of occipital bone), it is either so placed that it is lightly perched on top of the skull and can be displaced without any force, or else it is tied so tightly that the patient rapidly develops a most intense throbbing headache. Rem em ber that your patient’s feelings are a guide to a “ firm but not tight ” bandage. T h e book is not clear as to whether the hem of a bandage should be turned “ in ” or “ out.” T h e former is usually considered correct because the bandage will be neater in appearance and the folded-in hem will more easily secure a dressing in position. P a g e 161.— T h e difference in diagrams-of the smallarm sling figured here and on p. 45 (though not known to all examiners !) is unfortunate, and probably arises from the fact that the application of the sling is described reversely on this page. There [is, however, no reason for this vari ation, and the method of p. 45 is preferable because the weight of the upper limb is carried by the shoulder of sound side. P a g e 162.-—N ote that with the Bandage for H ips the narrow bandage is placed “ above the haunch bones ”— i.e., round the waist. Most of you place it either round lowest ribs or round pelvis. P a g e 163.— With the Bandage for Chest note that the lower knot should lie in a direct line below the upper, with consequent formation of a right (and not, as often seen, an obtuse) angle. P a g e 164.— A common mistake in bandaging joints is to apply the bandage and then to alter the position of limb. This may result in constriction of bloodvessels at the joint and should be avoided by always bandaging the joint with the limb already placed in its final position. T h e Bandage for Elbow will serve as a model for a Bandage of Heel.

October, 1919.

—FIRST

Chapter V I I I , (Methods o f Carrying). P ag e 165.— T h e instructions for the Tw o-H anded Seat (Fig. 70) are difficult to carry out in practice. It is far easier for each bearer first to drop on one knee and to place the other bent knee behind the patient’s back, and then, after raising patient from ground on to the knees, to form a seat and rise. It requires great strength on the part of bearers to carry patients by hand seat for distances longer than 50 yards without a rest. P a g e 166.— With the H uman Stretcher it is most im portant that the weight of the patient should be accurately balanced upon the elapsed hands of the bearers. Other wise, two heavy a burden falls on the bearer supporting head and shoulders, who will become speedily exhausted and unable to carry on. P a g e 168.— When forming the Three-handed Seat many of you overlook the instruction to grasp fo r e a r m instead of wrist, as in other methods of carrying, though possibly you have been misled by the word “ w rist” which appears in Rule 1. T h e diagram correctly shows the grasping of forearms. Another instruction in R u le 1, often overlooked, re quires that f o r s u p p o rt o f r ig h t lo w e r lim b the bearer on left side of patient should grip his r ig h t forearm. Without this change the left bearer cannot advance with any degree of comfort. P a g e 172.— With an Improvised Stretcher the instruc tion to “ turn sleeves of coat inside out ” and to button coat ensures that the weight of patient shall be carried by the coat, as the sleeves are thereby placed inside the buttoned coat. C hapter IX. (F or F emales O nly ). Many of you men deliberately avoid this Chapter. I would, however, remind you that the heading “ For Females ” is intended for examination purposes only and that it is most necessary for you— one and all— to appreciate the preparations which should be made in the home prior to the arrival of the doctor. F inis .

S t.

A n d r e w ’s

A m b u la n c e

A s s o c ia tio n .

T h e annual meeting of the St. An drew ’s Am bulance Asso ciation was held in the Merchants’ House, Glasgow, on October 8th, the Right Hon. Lord Hamilton of Dalzell, K .T ., presiding. T h e thirty-sixth annual report showed that during the year 14,160 calls had been made upon the waggons of the Association, while in Glasgow alone there was 9,889 calls, involving 9,892 cases, an increase over the previous year’s figures of 1,666 and 1,775 respectively. A t the beginning of the year the Scottish Branch of the British R e d Cross Society presented to the Association a large number of motor ambulances which were no longer required for mili tary puposes, and by establishing new committees where necessary it is hoped that before the end of the year Scot land will be covered by a chain of motor ambulances under the unified control of the Association. T h e abstract of accounts showed the funds to be in a satisfactory con dition. Moving the adoption of the report, the Chairman said the cost of running the transport service had increased to almost double the pre-war rate. Referring to the work carried on during the war by the Association, he remarked

AID. —

that within 48 hours after the declaration of war, all the military hospitals were staffed by officers and men of the home hospital reserve o f the St. Andrew ’s A m b ulan ce Corps, the regular troops being thus freed for service over seas. T h e Corps also provided two complete units of 100 men each for service abroad, with the R A .M .C ., and a unit of 20 men for service in the Royal Naval Sick Berth Reserve. It had been considered necessary that per manent headquarters for the Association should be formed in order to cope with the expansion of the transport service and the growing needs of classes and sections o f the am bu lance and nursing corps. T h e Council had decided to make a public appeal for funds to carry out the scheme, which it was estimated, would cost ,£50,000. H e hoped the Association would be successful, and that the public would generously support this very worthy and deserving object. Colonel D. J. Mackintosh, C.B ., M .V .O ., seconded, and the report was adopted. His Grace the D uke of Buccleuch, K T . , was elected president for the ensuing year.

In response to enquiries, the War Office states that nurses whose names are mentioned in dispatches will re ceive a certificate of the K i n g ’s apreciation of their services, provided they are mentu ned for work in France, E gypt or other places overseas. T h e American R e d Cross has distributed more than 400,000 pairs of pyjamas in the Balkans. T hese garments were, of course, intended for use in hospitals, but so great is the lack of clothing that women and children have been glad to make use of them as ordinary day garments.

Speaking at a V . A . D . meeting at Leeds, SurgeonGeneral Sir Berkeley Moyniham, said he was very proud and happy to have the opportunity o f saying, not only on his own behalf, but for those responsible for the work in the Northern Com m and, how very deeply they appreciated the work done by the Voluntary A id Detachments, and the cordial recognition and grateful appreciation there was in the hearts of every one who had seen their work at close quarters. After the splendid work they had done, it seemed to him that there was a great deal of equally good work to be done in future. T h e great mortality inflicted upon us by the B oche was absolutely trivial compared with the mor tality which arose from such causes as tuberculosis. During the war we read from day to day the terrible lists of the dead which appeared. He had often wished that mortality lists could be pub lished in our papers of those who died in Leeds alone from diseases which were preventable. During the last five years the V . A . D . ’s had ranged themselves on the side of the best heroes in the greatest cause for which men ever fought, and it was his great hope that they would continue to range themselves on the side of those who were fighting the pestilence which lurked in every corner.

W h e n c o r r e s p o n d in g w ith A d v e rtis e r s p le a s e m e n t i o n “ F i r s t A id .”

— FIRST

$ailwaij Jlmbulance. S.E. & C. R y .— T he directors and officers of the S.E. & C .R y . have always offered every inducement to the staff to gain a knowledge of A m bulance work, and the value of this has been exemplified to the full throughout the whole of the period of the war. T h e S.E. & C .B y ., perhaps, more than any other, was, by its geographical position, called upon to render service of a special character in connection with the reception and disposal of refugees from Belgium, and in the transport o f sick and wounded from the front to hospitals situated not only on the S.E. & C .R y . but all parts of the country. It is an established fact that the members of the staff of all grades of this railway have availed themselves in large numbers of the facilities offered them by the Directors and officers of the Com pany to qualify in “ First Aid to the In jured,” and, with the refugee traffic which it was found necessary to deal with almost immediately after the war was declared, the skilled assistance of the ambulance men was requisitioned. In all cases, railway ambulance men travelled with the refugee trains, and on a number of occasions were instrumental in rendering first aid to those who had found it necessary to accept the hospitality of this country, and who had, in their journey to the Belgian coast, sustained injury or contracted illness. Realising that there would be an opportunity for their skilled knowledge to be put into practice, the ambulance men in a number of Districts formed themselves into Corps and organised the transport service in the localities in which they were situated. Particulars of these Corps are as follows :— District 1 2 2 » 2 » 2 » 3 ,,

4 4 4

„

5 7

Headquarters— Victoria. „ Hither Green. ,, Addiscombe-road. ,, Orpington. ,, Sevenoaks. „ Tonbridge. ,, Chatham. „ Faversham. „ Queenborough. ,, Hastings. ,, Redhill. ,, Ramsgate.

Throughout the whole period of the war all ambulance trains arriving at Greenwich (for Seamen’s Hospital), Well Hall (for Herbert Hospital), Fawkham (for South Darenth and American Hospital), Orpington (for Canadian H o s pital), Sidcup, Chatham and West Croydon were entirely unloaded by members of the corps above referred to. This was carried out in the men’s own time and necessitated a great deal of self-sacrifice. O n many occasions, members of the corps turned out late at night to unload convoys of wounded in the certain knowledge that it would necessitate a long walk home in the early hours o f the morning, with little prospect of any rest before commencing duty. Particulars of the number of ambulance trains dealt with at Dover and the convoys unloaded by the S.E. & C .R . ambulance men are shown below :— Number of ambulance trains run from the Marine ............................................. Station, Dover N um ber of cases unloaded by S.E. & C .R . ambu lance men during the period of the war ...

7,515 75,833

T his service met with the unqualified approval of the

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October, 1919.

military authorities, who repeatedly expressed their appre ciation of the way in which patients were handled, and testified to the real value of the services rendered. Whilst in the case of other Companies, individual men have doubtless rendered good service in the unload ing of ambulance convoys as members of the St. John Am bulance Brigade, Voluntary Aid Detachments, etc., etc., it has fallen to the lot of the S.E. & C .R . employees to organise their services and undertake, in its entirety, the unloading of all convoys from ambulance trains destined to stations for hospitals on the S.E. & C .R ., a service which the men have felt as great a privilege to under take as it has been valuable to the patients they have been able to succour, the military authorities, and the Empire.

The

L eagu e

By V ie e - P r e s i d e n t ,

MARK

of M ercy. Y.

SELF.

W a n d erers B r a n c h , L ea g u e o f M ercy.

Mercy is a quality which, as Shakespeare taught “ is twice blessed, and blesseth him that gives and him that takes.” Those who work under the banner of St. John have ex perienced the truth of this, and may be interested to know of the League of Mercy, since those who practise mercy are always ready to extend the field of their operations. Indeed, the Order of Mercy has much in common with the Order of St. John, which was re-established on a modern basis in 1826 and set itself to carry on work for relief of sick and wounded soldiers, no less than of sick and injured civilians by personal service and by establish ment of hospitals. History records how this has been done through the Association, the Brigade, the early Cottage Hospitals, the Ophthalmic Hospital in Jerusalem, the St. John Auxiliary War Hospitals, &c. T h e Order of Mercy in its present form is a new creation based on historic precedents, the first Order being founded in 1218 by K in g James of Aragon “ for the Redemption of Christian captives held in bondage by the Moors,” an object to which the Knights of the ancient Order of St. John gave themselves with life-long devo tion. In fact they were the mainstay of the glorious victory at the Battle of Lepanto when (1 5 7 1) the onrush of Mohammedanism into Europe was stayed and 15,000 Christian galley slaves were forthwith released from bondage. A s the Order of St. John was re-established and modi fied for modern requirements, so the Order of Mercy was the outcome of a pressing need of recent times. In 1892 a Committee of the H ouse of Lords investigated the financial position of London Hospitals, reported that sub scriptions received barely sufficed to pay the wages of nurses and servants employed, quite apart from cost of maintenance, &c., and advised the institution, under Royal Charter,of a body which should regulate control of hospitals by dealing with the distribution of public sub scriptions and by receiving annual reports and properly audited accounts. A s the Outcome of the work of this Committee and as a fitting memorial of Queen V ictoria’s Diamond Jubilee the K in g Edward (originally known as Prince of Wales’s) Hospital Fund was established in 1879 through the interest of K in g Edward when Prince of

O ctober, 1919.

— FIRST

Wales and other public spirited men and women who, rejecting the plea for nationalisation of hospitals, pinned their faith to voluntary efforts. Further experience dem on strated that the personal interest of members o f the general public was essential if the scheme was to be carried to a successful issue, and in 1899 the League of Mercy was founded by Edward, Prince of Wales “ to p rom ote the w e l f a r e a n d f u r t h e r the objects o f the K i n g E d w a r d H o s p it a l F u n d ." During the years 1897-1918 inclusive the Fund has raised by public subscription five million pounds, towards which the League of Mercy has contributed over a quarter of a million. T h e Order of Mercy, therefore, differs from that of St. John in that it concentrates its efforts on the support of voluntary hospitals through its foundation, the League of Mercy, which aims at securing active personal interest and service of all classes of persons on behalf of hospitals at the cost of a comparatively small amount of time. In fact, its special privilege is to assist collection from people in moderate or poor circumstances who might otherwise miss the opportunity of contributing small amounts to a cause for which they have probably the most need. H .M . K in g G eorge V . is Sovereign head of the Order and Patron of the League of Mercy, and identifies himself by personal interest in the success of the movement. T o carry out the purposes for which the League exists, the whole of London and the H om e Counties are divided into Districts corresponding with the Parliamentary Divisions together with a special Branch for the rest of Great Britain, a step necessitated by the fact that 25 per cent, of the patients seeking relief from the London Hospitals reside beyond the Metropolitan area. For each district a Presi dent and Lady-President are appointed, and in turn nomin ate Vice-Presidents and Lady Vice-Presidents to control its different divisions. Each V ice-Prtsident then enlists Members, each of whom endeavours to secure every year (1) not fewer than 20 Associates who contribute 1 s. and upwards, or (2) subscriptions to the League from Honorary M em bers to the amount of one guinea and upwards. Collection boxes can be obtained. Annual subscriptions are not re quired from Members, and the suoscriptions of Associates are devoted in t h e ir en tirety to the benefit of voluntary hos pitals within the area of the H o m e Counties. Readers of F i r s t A i d may be interested to know that their old friend, Colonel R. J. Blackham, C B , to whose enthusiasm and energy the cause of St. John in India owes so much, is the Founder and President of the Wanderers Branch, and that, if they elect to attach themselves to this Branch, they will find themselves in the company of other First-Aiders, and will work in conjunction with a man who has done yeoman service in the advancement of First Aid, and who, if rumour be true, is likely to be stationed for the future in this country to the manifest advantage of the movement at home. Lastly, the Editor has kindly con sented to forward any communications or applications for membership, and to further the objects of the League in all possible ways— for in the words of Spencer— Who w ill not mercie unto others show , H ow can he mercie ever hope to have ?

Mrs. Julia Nicholas, who has been acting as ambulance nurse, taking crippled children to school and sick children to the Mile End Infirmary, is suing the Leyton U D C. and a firm of jobmasters for ^ 2 5 0 damages for injuries sus tained in a collision on the tram-lines.

AID —

Setters to the Sditor. IVe are in no way responsible fo r the opinions expressed , or the statements made, by Correspondents.— Editor, E t c .

THE

SONG

TH E

ST.

JOHN

BRIGADE.

Dear Sir,— In reply to the query of your correspondent in the June number I have much pleasure in sending the words of The O ld W h ite C ro ss— The S o n g o f the St. Jo h n B rig a d e , by Dr. Lawson Russell. I printed the song in the first issue of the In d ia n A m b u lance Gazette in January, 1911. So far as I am aware the song has not yet been set to music. I have asked a friend to supply this want and I hope the song will soon be published, with the author’s permission.— Yours faithfully, R. J. B l a c k h a m , Colonel, Late Editor In d ia n A m bu la n ce Gazette. Army and Navy Club, Pall Mall. October 1st, 1919. T he O ld W hite C ross. Song of the St. John Brigade. P r o u tilita te h om inum . Beneath the brave old cross of white The Brothers of St John Banded for mercy not for fight Time honoured work have done. Their banner leads as long ago, Where pity gives her aid, For rich for poor, for friend, for foe, The old St. John Brigade. Whose emblem free on land and sea The whole wide world shall find Ever steady, always ready, For service of mankind. Then to the cross, the old white cross Be every honour paid, The star of love that floats above The old St. John Brigade. Beneath the same old cross of white The sisters of St. John, Follow their love work day or night, God bless them everyone. Where suffering is they do and dare, In mercy’s own crusade, An honour to the Badge they wear The old St. John Brigade— Whose emblem free on land and sea, &c. And when like trumpet note afar The followers of St. John, At home, abroad, in peace and war Hear duty call them on, They come humanity to serve Where cry for help is made God grant their ranks may never swerve ! The old St. John Brigade. Whose emblem free on land and sea, &c. J. L a w s o n R

ussell.

—FIRST

BRIGADE NURSING UNIFORM. S ir ,— Now that the winter is coming on I should like to say a few words regarding the outdoor uniform of the nursing sisters of the St. John Ambulance Brigade. Why not adopt the more sensible V.A.D. coat and hat, or cap, in place of the cloak and bonnet, which are no protection for the wearer in such a changeable climate as ours. Last winter one of our members nearly lost her life from influenza, following a severe cold, caused through wearing a cloak and bonnet on a cold winter’s night. After wearing a warm coat and hat it is suicidal to turn out in the present Brigade outdoor uniform. Trusting the powers that be, will give this matter their due consideration.— 1 enclose my card and remain, yours faithfully, V.A.D

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt w ith under the follow ing r u le s :— / . — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Q uery,” and addressed— First Aid, 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2 .— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a " Q uery Coupon” cut prom the cu rrent issue of the Jo u rn a l, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

AID.

October, 1919

lesson. A man was brought to me in our ambulance room with a mere scratch on the right index finger, and while I turned my back for a second to get out some of the dressings I was surprised to hear a crash. Turning round 1 found the patient lying on the floor in a dead faint, and remembering your practice classes, I was glad that you were not present. I agree and acknowledge that you whould have had fu rth e r cause to remember your lesson 1 Since, however, con fession is good for the soul and experience goes to make effi ciency in First Aid, do not forget next time that shock (like pain) is comparative and dependent on the individuality of the patient no less than on the extent of the injury and that on this account an efficient First Aider a lw a ys gives his first attention to the comfort of his patient.— N. C. FG. B. (Caerphilly).— In a recent competition I was asked this question: “ Two men (who had been drinking all day) quarrelled in the evening and one of them kicked the other in the lower part of the abdomen. What injuries would you expect and with what results ?” I shall much appreciate your opinion and answer. The following results suggest themselves.— (1) Shock with out palpable external injury due to involvement; of sympathetic system ; (2) L o c a l b ru ise — with or without a wound— and variable degree of Shock ; (3) R u p tu re o f in te rn a l organ (especially bladder, after “ heavy drinking”), with more or less Concealed (internal) Haemorrhage ; (4) R u p tu re o f bowel (large or small) with Concealed Haemorrhage ; and (5) F r a c tu re o f p e lv is with or without injury to the bladder. In short, the result might be negligible, or death might result from Shock or Haemorrhage ,or both— either immediately or at a subsequent date. On the other hand there might be no injury and no ill effect except a broken jaw for the assailant.— N.C.F.

The Textbook, to w hich tejerence may be made in t/use columns, is the R evised (79/7) E d itio n o f S .J .A .A . M a n u a l o f F irs t-A id .

S igns of C oncussion. W. R. (Newcastle).— At a recent competition I was asked to name the signs and symptoms of Concussion, and answered that as the result of a fall or blow on head the patient would have a pale face and would be in a state of stupor which might pass on to the more serious condition of coma. The doctor subsequently said that the answers to this question were weak and incomplete, and that marks were consequently lost. I contend that my answer was complete and that I named all the points given in the Textbook ; but, if you will give me some more signs, I shall be thankful for your help. Assuming that the competition was conducted on the Text book, then on y o u r statement I should accept your contention as just and lawful, except that to the signs of p. 142 detailed above you might (and should) have added a description of the pupils as recorded on p. 127. Apart from this, however, you missed two of the four Standard Guides (see E fficie n cy in F i r s t A id p. 40), on which a diagnosis is based, viz., the weak pulse and feeble breathing. Syncope, Shock and Concussion all (1) v a r y in degree ; (2) p resen t the same signs and symptoms and (3) d ijje r only in causation. So think what would happen to you if you fainted, and your answer as to the signs and symptoms of these condi tions will be simplified.— N. Corbet F letc h e r.

T reatment of Shock . M. F. (Barbican).—As an old pupil of yours I remember how you used to insist on our paying attention to the patients’ comfort as the f ir s t step in treatm ent, and I used to smile when you laid traps and caught us treating patients with supposed fractures while they remained standing up. Yesterday I had practical proof of the truth of your

Messrs. E. & S. Livingstone have in preparation for publication in the autumn two new books, viz. :— “ H a n d book of Araestheti'-s,” by John Stuart Ross, M.B., F .R .C .S ., and “ H an db oo k of Skin Diseases,” by Frederick Gardiner, B.Sc., M .D .., F .R .C .S ., and about the same time they hope to issue the second edition of Dr. Jas. Burnet’s “ Manual of Diseases of Children,” In each case they hope to publish at about 7s. 6d. net. T R A D IN G

W IT H

T H E

ENEM Y.

R. JACOBSON, B.O.T.2oa. 70, SHOE LANE, E.C.4. (First and Second Floors). To the M e d ica l P ro fessio n , M a n u fa c tu rin g Chem ists ana Office F u rn is h e rs . Re

MR. JOHN S U L L E Y , F.A.I., S instructed to sell by Auction on the Premises as above on FRIDAY, 31st October, 1919, at ONE o’clock prompt, tne well made Office Furniture, consisting of :— Mahogany Partner’s and other desks. Morocco covered and other chairs. Three “ Royal” Typewriters, 6 Typist’s and other tables. Six Filing Cabinets. Lino. Carpet. Round Corner “ Milner” Safe. Ten cwt. Manual Crane Two Showcases. Large q u a n ti ty of Life and Fire S a v in g A p p a ra tu s. “ D r a e g e r ” E le c tric V a p o rise r co m p lete w i t h Motor “ D r a e g e r .” Extinguishers, Inspection Lamps, Glass guage covers, Cannister Sealing Machine “ Ewer,” Caustic Soda Filler, and numerous other items. On View day prior (by card) 12 to 4 o’clock, and morning of Sale. Catalogues of the Auctioneer’s. Offices— 46, Cannon S treet, London, E.C.4. Telegrams— Pierrette, London. Telephone— 307 Central.

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— FIRST

October, 1919.

AID. — M ANUALS

F IR S T -A ID ,

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By N. CORBET F LE TC H ER , B .A ., M .B ., B.C ( C a n ta b ) , M .R .C.S

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AND

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H Y G IE N E BY

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B. C M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O., M.D., M.R.C.P.E., D.P.H.(Lond.), Knight of Grace of St. John, Member of the Order of Mercy, Kaiser-i-Hind Medalist, Barrister-at-Law, Asst.-Commissioner St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas. T h e Indian Manual of F irst Aid. Eighteenth Edition. Price 2s. The Indian C atechism of F i r s t Aid. Fifth Edition. Price is. Indian Home Nursing. Eighth Edition. Price 2 S . T h e Indian C atec h ism of Home N ursin g Second Edition. Price is rid. T h e P rim e r of Tropical H ygiene. F if th Edition. Price 2 S . Indian A m b u lan ce Train in g. Price i s . Spe cim en E xam ination P ap ers in F irst Aid, N ursin g and Hygiene. Third Edition. Price is. Household E m e r g e n c y Chart. Third Edition. Price 3 s. Household Reference C h art. Third Edition. Price 3s. S u p p lies fro m Postage extra.

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OR SALE.— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

QUERY

“ F IR S T A I D ” and R E P L IE S C O U P O N .

T o be c u t o u t a n d e n c lo s e d w i t h a l l Q u e r ie s

O c t.,

1919.

FIRST AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

No. 305 — Vol. X X V I

AID

AMBULANCE- GAZETTE. Edited b y A R T H U R

N O T IC E

-----

NOVEMBER,

1919.

DALE. \Jlniarad at Sianontre'HaU.\

[3/6 P e r Annum, P o s t F r e e

2. Such care as still may be necessary for prisoners of

READERS.

war.

F I R S T AID is published on the 20th of ea c h m onth. The Annual Subscription is 3 s . 6 d . post free ; single copies 3 d . Its aim and object being the advancement 01 Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and alse welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily (or tu iiic a t it n ) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with FIRST AID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

3 The

care

those suffering from tuberculosis,

having regard in the first place to soldiers and sailors whether they have contracted the disease on active service or not. 4. Child welfare. 5. Work parties to provide the necessary garments, etc.,

for hospitals and health

institutions

need

them. 6. Assistance required in all

branches of nursing,

health, and welfare work, auxiliary to

the Ministry of

Health.

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon Street, London, E.C. 4.

7. Red Cross war and peace hospital library, 8. H o m e service ambulance work.

Telegraphic A d dress: “ Tw entv-four , London .” Telephone No. 54 77 Bank.

T h e only clause in these laudable objecls which afftcts the St John Am bulance Brigade is N o 8, and this, taken in conjunction with another clause in the agreement, states that

EDITORIAL.

the control and direction of the work and objects of the Order and the Society are to be carried out in such a man

Since writing on the subject

of the

Th e

Agreement between the Order of St.

A g ree m e n t

John and the British R ed Cross Society

and the S t.

in our last issue, a greal deal of alarm

John A m b u -

has been evinced in Biigade

circles

ner as to preserve the i n d i v i d u a li t y of the Order and the Society, and so as not to interfere with their corporate powers and limitations, or with the activities of any now existing overseas organisation of either body, without the approval of such organisation. T h e italics are ours.

lance Brigade, that its integrity and independence may be lost under this new agreement; so

seem well,

On the face of this all would

but since the agreement has been signed a

strong is the feeling that at a meeting of the Commissioners

resolution has been passed by the Joint Council that all

held this month a resolution was passed strongly opposing

correspondence of the S J .A .B . with public bodies should

the joint working scheme as far as it affects the S.J.A.B .i

pass through the Joint Council, this, in our view, immedi

and at various district meetings the same feeling prevailed.

ately nullifies the spirit and letter of the agreement, and

Under clause (a) of the agreement it states that one of the

we think we are right in saying that it does not meet with

objects of the Joint Council was to prevent overlapping,

the a p p r o v a l o f th e o r g a n is a t io n it directly concerns, i.e.,

duplication, or waste of energy, and to ensure harmonious

the S.J.A.B .

working and efficient co-operation between the Order and the Society.

Sir Arthur Stanley, in a published letter, indicated

W e can well understand and thoroughly appreciate the feeling of members of the Brigade, many of whom have

the department of work that was the most pressingly engag

been connected with it since its establishment 30 years ago,

ing the attention of the Joint Council, which was—

that their rights and privileges, which they jealously guard,

T h e care of the sick and wounded men of His should be preserved, for they have done all the spade work

Majesty’ Forces whether still on the demobilised.

active

service or

in connection with civil ambulance work in this country and

the British Colonies during that period— this work

— FIRST

has been more

less

self-supporting— and

A ID -

N ovem ber, i g i g .

we think

that any scheme which the Joint Council may have in view in connection with H o m e Service Am bulance work should

f *

III

JJh« Grand Jriocg of th< (5rdtr Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland.

^ “

be linked with the Brigade and n o t the Brigade with a new

AM BULANCE

Jhe

organisation, and that its administration should be main tained on the present lines.

By this means the Joint

Council will have the advantage of an organisation which has proved its worth as a stepping stone to the larger ex

No. . District. C o m m is s io n e r :

St.

D E P A R TM EN T.

John .Ambulance Srigade.

D ISTR ICT

OR D E R S.

---------

W. H. WINNY, O.B.E.

pansion of Civil Am b u lan ce work, backed by adequate funds which it will have at its disposal. W e feel that this is the right course to pursue to effect the harmonious working of the new scheme, and we would strongly emphasise to the authorities that they should meet the position of the Brigade on the lines we have indicated, for by so doing it would receive the support of the 65,500 members who compose the Brigade.

H o sp ita l

S h ip s.

T h e hospital ship until the late war formed a novelty, yet it has played a part in naval warfare on many occasions. Its history extends back to the seventeenth century. In the A r m y a n d N a v y G a z e t t e of October 10th, r9t4 , the Rev. A. G. Kealy, R.N ., shows that the general idea that the M a i n e , which was wrecked some years before the outbreak of the late war, was the first of sea-going hospital ships is erroneous. H e gives the following record of the previous use of such vessels :— In 1793 William Dampier, serving on board the R o y a l P r i n c e , on falling sick two days before the action of August rrth, was sent on board the hospital ship. In 1692 Richard Allyn, chaplain of H.M.S . C e n t u r i o n , gives in his list of ships engaged in the battle of L a H ogue two hos pital ships as attached to each squadron, the R ed and Blue. In 1701 Sir George R o oke requested that the hospital ship might bring a good supply of Tham es water for the fleet, and later ordered Captain Watkins to take aboard the hos pital ship such sick men as should be sent to him. In 1718 a hospital ship accompanied Sir George Byng when he sailed from Spithead on June r3th. In 1793 CooperWillyams, chaplain of H.M .S. B o y n e , in his account of the campaign in the West Indies, in which the army acted with the fleet, says that after the Grenadiers had repulsed an attack in the Isle of Martinique the wounded were sent on board the R o e b u c k , the hospital ship of the fleet. Later on, when speaking of the hospital taken possession of at S. Pierre, Cooper Willyams says : “ This we found of infinite use for our sick and wounded, who were far better provided for here than they could be in the hospital ships.” In 1794 a hospital ship was attached to Lord H o w e’s fleet off Ushant. In r795 one was likewise attached to Lord Bridport’s fleet off Belle Isle. Mr. K ea ly can find no record of hospital ships having been used in the Crimean war in connection with any of the fleets. H e adds :— “ With regard to the M a i n e , with which we com menced, she was bought for naval service sometime after the South African War, and in 1 9 0 2 Mr. Arnold-Foster said in Parliament that the policy of hospital ships for the navy had been deliberately adopted after a great deal of consideration by the Admiralty.”

DECEMBER, 1919. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 7th.— No. 16 Division, New Cross. „ 14th.— No. 17 „ Wimbledon & Merton „ 21st.- No. 19 „ S. Met. Gas Co. „ 28th.— No. 20 „ Hampstead. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m.

CLASS FOR HOME NURSING. A class in Home Nursing for men only, will be held in St. James’ Schools, Clerkenwell, E. C. 1, commencing on Wednes day, January 14th, 1920, at 7.30 p,m. All communications referring to the subject should be addressed direct to the Sec retary of the Class, Mr. B. C. Fincham, at the Spa Works, Northampton-row, Exmouth-street, E.C. I. DEMOBILISATION

OF MEMBERS OF THE BRIGADE.' Members of the No. 1 District of all ranks are reminded that on demobilisation from His Majesties’ Forces that they should report the fact at once to their superior officer, and state when they are prepared to resume their brigade duties. Failure tq do this may entail the loss of their efficiency for the present year. It was stated in a recent District Order that members demobilised before the 31st of March, 1919, would be required to pass their annual Re-examination for this year if they wished to retain their efficiency. Members on service with H.M. Forces during the war were all owed their efficiency, but this privilege ceases on demobilisation, and Officers and Members in charge of Divisions should take particular care to ascertain when members of their Division become demobilised, and see that they rejoin their Division at the earliest practical moment. If they do not so rejoin, endeavours should be made to ascer tain the reason, and communicate it to Headquarters. BUGLE BAND. It it hoped to resume the practices of the bugle band (which were interrupted by the war) at an early date. The meetings will probably be held on Friday evenings at 8 p.m., at St. John’s Gate. Members of the band should get into touch as soon as possible with 1st Class Sergeant Lomas, at St. John’s Gate. WAR BOUNTY FOR MEMBERS OF TH E MILITARY HOME HOSPITAL RESERVE. Correspondence has taken place between the Chief Com missioner and the War Office with reference to the grant of a bounty for those members of the Brigade who were mobilised in the above Reserve at the beginning of the war. The As sistant Financial Secretary to the War Office writes to say that no promise of a mobilisation bounty was made in the terms of enlistment, and it is to be regretted that such a grant cannot now be considered. (Signed W. H. WINNY, Com m issioner. Headquarters :— St. John's Gate Clerkenwell E.C. IMPORTANT NOTICE. Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news-

November,

i gi g

—FIRST

paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— Editor.

The Inspection of the Prince ofWales’s Corp was held on Saturday, October 25th in the grounds of the Merchant Taylor Schools, Charterhouse-square, E.C. Owing to the war this function has been suspended since 1914, but it is hoped that it will in future be held annually. Notwithstanding the unfavourable weather the attendance was good, about 1,000 ambulance and nursing members being present. The Commissioner (Mr. W. H. Winny) acted as Inspect ing Officer on the occasion and expiessed his satisfaction with the general appearance of the parade. Lady Perrott, who inspected the Nursing Divisions, distri buted Service Medals and Bars to those members to whom they had been awarded. The preparation of the Corps for inspection was carried out by Corps Supt. W. D. Liddell, and a detachment of the Bugle Band, under 1st Class Sergt. Lomas, rendered efficient service. The following members of the staff were present, viz., Asst.-Commissioners S. H. Vilven (in charge), Dr. J. Maclean Carvell, Lieut.-Col. F. D. Brook. District Surgeon C. J. R. MacFadden, District Officers Captain J. Calvin Lines, S. B. Piers, Lady Distiict Supt. The Lady Maud Wilbraham, and Lady District Officer Mrs. J. Calvin Lines. The best thanks of the Corps are due to Dr. Nairn for kindly granting the use of the School grounds.

On Monday, October 27th, 1919, a largely attended meet ing of officers of the No. 1 District was held in London, to consider the position created by the agreement signed by the Order of St. John and the British Red Cross Society on Sept. 4 th, 1919The Commissioner presided, and after considerable critic ism of the agreement by the members present, a resolution was unanimously adopted for transmission through the Chief Commissioner to the Council of the Order, asking that steps should be taken to obtain the assurance from the new Joint Council that the public street duty work hitherto done solely by the No. 1 District, should be carried on without disturbance as heretofore under its own officers. The question of the new draft organisation for V.A.Ds was next considered, and a general opinion expressed that it would be unworkable as regards divisions of the Brigade which are V.A.D. detachments, and if adopted in its present form would necessitate the withdrawal of the Brigade detachments from V.A.D. work. A resolution to this effect was carried by an overwhelming majority. R oyal Borough of K ensington (No. 70) D ivision._ On the occasion of the Mayor’s Service at St. Mary Abbotts Church on Sunday, November 16th, the above division attended under Supt. R. W. Stone ; also the Royal Kensington Nursing Division under Lady Supt. Miss Hankey. Both divisions were well represented and the Headquarters by Dr. J. Carvell, AsstCommissioner. Walthamstow (No 29) Division.— On Nov. 6th an ambulance chalet, which has been erected by the division as a post for the rendering of first aid to the injured, was opened by Mr. Edwards, O.B.E., secretary of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. The chalet, which has been erected by permission of the British Xylonite Co. upon land in the Broadway, Highams Park, is fitted to deal with all kinds of accidents, and has a litter for removal of serious cases. The members of No.. 29 Division, under Supt. Blum and Ambulance Officers Knight and Pasco, with their pipers and bugle bands, members of No. 11 Nursing Division, and the 1st Highams Park Troop of Scouts and Cubs, under Scout Master Adams, paraded in the Broadway for inspection, and afterwards formed into a hollow square in front of the chalet, and Supt.

AID. —

Blum gave a summary of the work of the division during the war and air raids. Mr. Edwards, who was supported by Mr. W. H. Morgan, Commissioner for the Brigade Overseas, and Councillor Goodyer, in opening the chalet, gave a short history of its life, pointing out that, erected originally as a memorial to the late Colonel Duncan, one of the founders of the transport de partment of the Order of St. John, it had seen service in front of St. Clement Danes in the Strand ; it was later on placed in the Victoria and Albert Docks, and now that its work was finished there, he was sure that in the redecorated and rejuve nated state it would be put to good use in this large and growing district. After a brief speech in support by Mr. Morgan, the chalet was opened and inspected by these gentlemen, and the key handed to Supt. Blum for the use of the division.

No. 2 District. City of Gloucester.— It is to be regretted that AmbuOfficer M. G. Matty has been compelled to sever his connec tion with the division on account of ill-health. In addition to being connected with the ambulance move ment in the city for a great number of years, Mr. Matty had been Divisional Secretary from the inauguration of the division in October, 1905. Throughout the war he had been in sole charge of the division during the absence on active service of Dr. F. H. Sprague. Occasion was taken on November 9th to make a presenta tion to Mr. Matty. This took the form of a beautifully en graved teapot and stand, the latter was the work and gift of one of the members of the division, Mr. Siever. Dr. Sprague presided over the meeting supported by Mr. T. W. Wilson, divisional treasurer and secretary of the Gloucester Centre, Ambulance Officer J. Smith, and Supt. W. H. Palmer, Gloucester Wagon Works Division.

No. 3 District. Northampton.— The annual inspection of the Nursing Divisions of the Northampton Corps, of the St. John Ambu lance Brigade, was held on Saturday, October 25th, at the Ambulance Hall, King-street. The divisions on parade were the Headquarters Division, Castilian Division and Spencer Division. Lady Corps Supt. Miss L. E. Mawby, M.B E., was in Charge of the parade. The total number on parade was 81. The officers present included Lady Supt. Miss K. E. Bradford, A.R.R.C., Lady Supt. Mr* Jennings, M.B.E., Lady Supt. Miss Osborne, Hon. Serving Sister of the Order of St. John. Nursing Officers Miss E. Cowley, Mrs. Dawes, Miss Hughes, Mrs. Lievesley and Mrs. Astbury. Prior to the war there was only one nursing division in the town. The inspection was held by District Supt. W. Harvey Reeves, O.B.E., Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John, and Lady District Supt. Mrs. Harvey Reeves, A.R.R.C., Lady of .Grace of the Order of St. John, in the absence of the Com missioner, T. H. Woolston, C.B.E.,D.L., J.P. District Supt. W. Harvey Reeves congratulated the nurses on their smart appearance, and spoke of the good work dor.e in the past, and also of the work to be done in the future, which will be associated with the Ministry of Health and the Ministiy of Pensions. Lady District Supt. Mrs. Harvey Reeves also addressed the nursing sisters. After saying how delighted she was to see so many on parade, she expressed the hope that they would all keep up their interest in the work, and that as many as possible would enter for the Competitions to be held in December. Dr. Stone, Hon. Surgeon of the Headquarters Nursing Division, was also present, and eulogised the past work of the nursing section, and wished them success in the future. A vote of thanks to the Inspecting Officiers was proposed by Lady Corps Supt. Miss L. E. Mawby, M.B.E.

—F I R S T

68 No. 4 D is tr ic t.

A most successful dance was organised by the Nursing Division on Nov. 4th at the Co-operative Hall, Darwen. The dance was under the supervision of Corpl. Holder, and was in aid of the respective divisions, the effort realising over ,£20. During the evening the Mayor-elect pre sented the Mons Star to two of the members of the division— Pies. Croft and Richards. Dr. Willett moved a vote of thanks to the Mayor-elect and the Councillors, and in the course of his remarks mentioned that in the decentralisation scheme of the St. John Ambulance being carried into effect throughout the country, Darwen had been constituted an Association centre ; and continuing, the doctor said he was pleased to announce that their first presi dent was to be the Mayor-elect (Councillor T. E. Holgate), and that Councillor Hindle, who was already the chairman of the Centre, was making every effort to help forward the organisa tion of the scheme. D a r w e n .—

T o d m o r d e n . — A reunion of the members took place on October 25th, during the evening opportunity was taken to make a presentation to Dr. J. Lawson Russell in recognition of his long and valuable services to the Ambulance and Nursing Divisions. Major Barker, M.P., who presided, said they were met that evening with the object of welcoming back all the men and nursing sisters who had been serving, and first of all he wished to say how pleased he was to see so many who had returned. He understood that in August, 1914, the strength of the men in the brigade was 39, and the number of nursing sisters in the division 19. The number of men now on the roll was 130, and the number of sisters 46. He hoped that strength would be kept up, and that they would rally around the organisation in future as they had done in the past. Dr. Russell said that although he had been away from immediate connection with the brigade for some time it cer tainly had not been out of his mind. They were able out of their pre-war strength to send away 126 men, who after being drilled in the park went to evety quarter of the globe. Many of them were present that evening, but some had not yet re turned. When they went out they were definitely promised four shillings per day, and they went away from Todmorden uniformed and fully equipped. The four shillings a day was forthcoming in some instances, but by and by many of the men were weeded out and put into what might be called the firing line ; they did not quite object to that, but the four shillings a day ceased, which was not quite fair in view of the promises made. Major Barker observed that as president of the Centre he was greatly interested in one or two things the doctor had mentioned. He saw no reason at all why a drill hall could not be got. The estimated cost in 1914 was £650, and the scheme if carried out now would cost about ,£2,000. If a ways and means committee was put in perhaps they would fird some solution of the difficulty. He hoped that in future, when the brigade wanted any assistance, the secretary would remember that he was their president.

AID —

November, 1919.

learned of the appointment of Mrs. M. Waller, the newly appointed Lady Divisional Superintendent of the Nursing Division, to be Honorary Serving Sister to the Order. In 1900 there was started at Brighouse, in Yorkshire, an ambulance class for ladies, who would ultimately form a Nursing Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade. To this class Mrs. Waller gave a great deal of her valuable time, but owing to bereavement, she was not able to continue, until 1902, when the Nursing Division was formed, she becoming one of its first members, afterwards 2nd Officer. Nine years later Mrs. Waller came to Sheffield and promptly set to work to organise a Nursing Division in con nection with the Sheffield Corps, which was registered in 1912. She then transferred from Brighouse, and was made 1st Officer in Sheffield. In November of the same year, the first V.A.D. was formed, with Mrs. Waller as quartermaster, and in December, 1914, V.A.D. No. 108 was formed, to which she was transferred as Commandant. On the recent resignation of Lady Ellis, Mrs. Waller was appointed Lady Divisional Supt. of the Division. Surely a fitting tribute to one who so hard worked in its interests. We heartily congratulate Mrs. Waller on these two appointments, and trust that she may enjoy good health to con tinue in the good work which she has so much at heart.

Nottingham.—The Corps under Corps Supt. A. B, Gibson, was inspected on Oct. 26th in the Drill Hall by Asst.Commissioner W. H. Chambers, of Rotherham. The men and nurses present numbered 400. An inspection was also made of the motor transport. The Asst.-Commissioner examined the corps in theory, bandaging and transport, and expressed himself highly de lighted with the efficiency displayed. The corps afterwards marched past. Supt. J. Collingham acted as adjutant. Pte. S. Hemsley, R.A.M.C., was presented with the Mons Star. He was one of the 6,000 sent out by the St. John Ambulance Brigade at the call of Lord Kitchener in August, 1914, and served through the war.

Barnsley.—The annual inspection took place at the Drill Hall, Barnsley, on October 25th of the Barnsley and Woboro’ Divisions of the St. John Ambulance Brigade. The four divisions present— Barnsley and Worboro’ Ambu lance and Barnsley and Worboro’ Nursing— numbered about 100 members, were under the command of their respective officers, Supts. W. A. Bellam and Saunderson, and Lady Supts. Saunders and Beverley, along with Divisional Surgeon H. K. Beverley, the Barnsley Divisional Sugeon (Dr. Howell) being still on active service. Assistant Commissioner H. C. Else, of Sheffield, after inspecting the divisions, requested to see various forms of ambulance work performed, the ladies doing bandaging and hand-seat drill, while the men performed squad, section, stretcher, and hand-seat exercises, and the treatment of various fractures and haemorrhage.

No. 5 D is tr ic t. S h e f f i e l d . — As in many other instances, the war has played havoc with the constitution of the Sheffield Corps, but we are pleased to say that it is alive to the new conditions, and that a movement has been started in the right direction. W e are aho pleased to note the following appointment, sanctiond by the Chief Commissioner. Div. Supt. Captain Oswald F. Buxton, to be Corps. Supt. (Nursing Division) 1st Officer Mrs. Waller to be Lady Divisional Supt. (“ A ,: Division) 1st Class Sergt. Charles H. Foster to be Ambulance Officer. (“ B ” Division) 1st Class Sergt. Charles H. Fox to be Ambulance Officer. (“ C ” Division) 1st Class Sergt. William A. Browne to be Ambulance Officer.

It was with great pleasure that the members of the Corps

N o. 11 D i s t r i c t . Cynon V a lle y .— The above corps held its annual inspec tion and re-examination on October 29th. There were 25 members on parade under the command of Supt. D. Evans. District Supt. Mabberley, of Cardiff, was the inspecting officer. After the examination Supt. Mabberley gave a few encourag ing and instructive words, which were very much appeciated.

Comm encing early in December Dr. Corbet Fletcher will conduct a course of lectures in First A id in Hampstead. T h e course is open to all comers and enquiries as to place, fees, dates, &c., of lectures, should be sent to Mr. C. M. Fowler, 12, Ancona-road, Harlesden, N.W .

Novem ber,

1919, — FIR S T A ID & T H E ST.

S T .

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OCTOBER, 1919. T h e following appointments H . R H. the Grand P rio r:—

have

been

sanctioned by

The Rev W. Dore Rudgard, M.A., to be Commissioner of No. 3 District, vice T. H. Woolston, C.B.E., D.L„ 27.10 19. Mr. T. H. Woolston is placed on the Reserve, and will remain a member of the Chief Commissioner’s staff, with the rank of Hon. Commissioner, 28.10.19. W. Harvey Reeves, Esq., O.B.E., to be Assistant Com missioner for the County of Northamptonshire, No. 3 District, 27.10.12. T h e C h ief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No 1 D istrict (Prince of W ales ’s C orps ). No. 17 Merton and Wimbledon Division.— David A. Belilios, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H., to be Divisional Sur geon, 25.9.19. No. 2 D istrict . High Wycombe Division.— Bernard Lewis Reynolds to be an Honorary member, 25.8.19. Charles A. Parker, F.R.C.S., M.R.C.S., L.S.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 25.8.19. Joseph Bailey to be Divisional Supt., 25.8.19. Edward MacDermott to be Ambulance Officer, 25.8.19. Bristol Corps (C Division).— Divisional Supt. A. Froude resigned his appointment, September, 1919. Ambulance Officer G. T. Wiggal placed on the Reserve, September, I 9I 9Bristol Corps (Clifton Division).— Ambulance Officer H. Bicknell placed on the Reserve, September, 1919. Reading Nursing Division. — Harry Milford Clarke, B.A., M.B., B.C.(Cantab), to be Divisional Surgeon, 29.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. G. O. Lambert, resigned, July, 1919. Bristol Corps (B Division).--Ambulance Officer F. T. Reed transferred to the C Division, and other members are transferred to other Divisions owing to the disbandment of B Division, 27.10.19. Norton Hill Division. - Divisional Supt. G. G. Phillips re signed his appointment owing to change of residence, 27.10.19. Southampton Corps (Netley Nursing Division).— Mrs. Cicely Ross to be Lady Divisional Supt., 17.9.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. E. Metcalf, deceased, February, 1919. Slough Nursing Division.— Mrs. Ada Hancocks to be Lady Divisional Supt., 2.9.19. Melton Mowbray Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. New resigned her appointment, 7.10.12. No. 3 D istrict. First Class Sergt. Harry Halford Wilkins to be District Sergt., 3.11.19, vice District Sergt. W. E. Edwards, pro moted. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Bourneville Nursing Divi sion).— Miss Dorothy A. Cadbury to be Honorary Member, 8.10.19. North Worcestershire Corps (Rowley Regis Nursing Divi sion).— Thomas E. Mitchell, B.A., M.B., B.C.(Cantab), to be Divisional Surgeon, 20.9.19, vice Divisional Surgeon C. Petit, resigned.

AM BULANCE

A T

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GAZETTE.

North Worcestershire Corps (Stewarts and Lloyds Divi sion).— Sergt. Thomas Basterfield to be First Class Sergt. 25-9-19... Northampton Corps (Headquarters Division .— First Class Sergt. Albert Lloyd to be Ambulance Officer, 20,9.19. Sergt. Charles Pitkin to be Ambulance Officer, 1.10.19. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Harborne Nursing Division — Mrs. Marian Elizabeth Lowe to be Nursing Officer, 18.10.19. Divisional Surgeon Lena Walker resigned her appointri ent, 15.7.19, Lucas Alfred Middleton, L.R.C.S., to be Divisional, Surgeon, 25.10.19. No. 4 D istrict . Rawtenstall Nursing Division.— Miss Elizabeth Alice Donaldson to be Nursing Officer, 24.9.19, vice Miss J. A. Hodgkinson, resigned. Whitworth Division.— Thomas John Lawson Forbes, M B., C.M., to be Divisional Surgeon, 8.10.19, vice Divisional Sur geon Dr. Anderson, resigned, September, 1919. Warrington Corps (Headquarters Division .— Ambulance Officer Huge Thomas Williams to be Divisional Supt, 20.10.19, v'ce Divisional Supt. S. Baldry, resigned, 30.9 19. Liverpool Corps (Sefton Nursing Division). — Nursing Officer Miss Lydia Lilian R. Wilson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 25.10.19. Nursing Sister Miss Minna Ralli to be Nurs ing Officer, 25 10.19. Nursing Sister Miss Elsie Woodall to be Nu'sing Officer,26.10.19. No. 5 District. District Secretary J. H. Hey resigned his appointment, September, 1919, and is placed on the Reserve. Nottingham Corps (Carrington Division).— Donald Dun can, M.B., Ch,B., to be Divisional Surgeon, S.10.19, v'ce Divi sional Surgeon Dr. Hardy, resigned, July, 1919. Heanor Division.— Sergt. Richard Henry Daybell to be Ambulance Officer, 22.9.19, vice Ambulance Officer Lacey, re signed, 31.5.19. Bolsover Division.— Sergt. Thomas Sissions to be Ambu lance Officer, 25.9.19, Sergt. Daniel McCall to be Ambulance Officer, 26.9 19. Ambulance Officer James Allcork to be Divi sional Supt., 22.9 19, vice Divisional Supt. W. R. Collier, re signed, April, 1919. Warsop Division. — First Class Sergt. Lawrence Smales to be Ambulance Officer, 25 9.19. Spen Valley Corps.— Divisional Supt. Alfied Crabtree to be Corps Secretary, 9.10.19 Divisional Supt. John William Swales to be Corps Inspector of Stores, 9 10.19. Leeds Corps (Central Division).— Hon. Secretary and Sergt. Arthur Abbott to be Ambulance Officer, 25 9.19. Dewsbury and District Corps (Ravensthorpe D.vision).— Sergt. Moses France to be First Class Sergt., 25 9 19. Dewsbury and District Corps (Ravensthorpe NursingDivision).— Miss Dora Muriel Walker to be Lady Divisional Supt., 25.9.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Bfeldon, tedgned. Sheffield Corps (Sheffield Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. Mary Waller to be Lady Divisional Supt., 10.10.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Ellis, resigned. Denaby Main Corps.— Corps Inspector of Stoies Harold Charles Harrison to be Corps Supt., 20.10.19, vice Corps Supt. W. H. Chambers, promoted to Assistant Commissioner. Denaby Main Corps (Askern Division). — James Edwards to be Ambulance Officer, 28.10.19. Denaby Main Corps (Askern Nursing Division .— Mrs. Marion Elson to be Nursing Officer, 27.10.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss Bellamy, resigned and left the district. Denaby Main Corps (Denaby Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. Lavina Farrell to be Lady Divisional Supt\

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27.10.19. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. C. Smith, resigned her appointment, 30 9.19. Pontefract Corps (Pontefract Division).— Corpl. Charles Warde to be First Class Sergt., 29.10.19. Shipley and District Corps (Shipley Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Etty Newell to be Nursing Officer, 27.10.19. Nursing Sister Nellie London to be Nursing Officer, 28.10.19. Nursing Officer Miss M. Dunn resigned her appointment, and transferred fo the reserve of the Brigade, 11.7.19. Nurs ing Officer Miss J. Robinson resigned her appointment, 28.8.19, and reverted to the rank of Nursing Sister at her own request. Derby Division.— Edward Digby Kinsey, L.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.M., to be Divisional Surgeon, 20.10.19. Divisional Surgeon Dr. F. Cassidi resigned his appointment, 2.10.19. Barnsley Division.— Sergt. John E. Parkinson to be Am bulance Officer, 31.10.19. No. 6 District. District Secretary for Naval and Millitary Reserves Lieut. Col. A. J. Collins resigned his appointment and from the Bri gade, 9.10.19, having left the North of England. Gateshead Saltwell Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss Mary Barras to be Lady Divisional Supt., 5.9.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss L. B. Corbitt, A.R.R.C., re signed. Nursing Sister Mrs. Ellen Wickham to be Nursing Officer, 5.9^19 North Tyneside Corps (Wallsend Boro Division).— Miss Willidm Clothier to be Divisional Supt., 15.10.19, vice Divi sional Supt. J. C. Little, promoted to Corps Officer, 1.7.19. Weardale Corps (Etherley Nursing Division). — Miss Christine JeanTait to be Lady Divisional Supt., 24.10.19. Gateshead Borough Division.— Divisional Supt. Thomas Wilkinson resigned his appointment 29.5.19. ' Sergt. Thomas Cockburn to be Divisional Supt., 24.10.19. Hetton-le-Hole Division.— Sergt. John Thomas Boddy to be Ambulance Officer, 24.10.19. Derwent Valley Corps (Benfieldside Nursing Division).— Miss Lucy Georgina Richley to be Nursing Officer, 24.10.19. Miss Violet Harper to be Nursing Officer, 25.10.19. Margaret Stewart Walton to be Nursing Officer, 26.10.19. Derwent Valley Corps.— Corps. Supt. Major J. E. Parker resigned his appointment, 30.10.19. Corps Secretary Peter Cameron to be Corps Supt., 4.11.19. Dudley Colliery and District Division.— Divisional Supt. T. Creigh resigned his appointment, 3.11.19. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps ( Northern Division ).— Divi sional Supt. H. Bowman Watson resigned his appointment. Newcastle and Gateshead Gas Co. Division— Supt. J. F. Fowler resigned his appointment, 24.9.19. Ambulance Officer William David Brown to be Divisional Supt., 31.10.19. Sergt. Reginald William Copeland to be Ambulance Officer, 31.10.1q. Armstrong Whitworth Corps.— Corps. Supt. Rose resigned his appointment, 1.10.19. Divisional Surgeon Capt. William H. Pallett, M.B., Ch.B., to be Co-ps Supt., 31.10.19. Corps Officer James R. Rutter to be Corps Secretary, 31.10.19. Corps Officer George W. Nicholson to be Corps Inspector of Stores, 31.10.19, Blaydon and District Division.— Divisional Supt. J. G. Finlayson resigned his appointment, September, 1919. Dunston-on-Tyne Division.— Divisional Supt. E. Parkin resigned his appointment, September, 1919. Hebburn Division.— Divisional Supt. R. Hunter resigned his appointment, 6.10.19. The Hartlepools Transport Division.— Divisional Supt. John Bottomley resigned his appointment, 6.10.19, ar>d from the Brigade owing to business. Ambulance Officer William Hartley to be Divisional Supt., 13.10.19. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (Friends (Newcastle) Division). — Ambulance Officer John T. Young to be Divisional Supt., 30.9.19, vice Divisional Supt. H. Thompson, resigned. Scarborough Nursing Division.— Capt. Edward Oscar Libbey, L.S.A., L.M.S.S.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.9.19, vice Divisional Surgeon J D. Ferguson, resigned. No. 7 District. Wellington Nursing Division.— Bertha Mackeson to be

JO H N

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

N ovem ber, 1919.

Lady Divisional Supt., 25.9.19, vice Mrs. Baylifs resigned. Bessie Pitchford to be Nursing Officer, 25.9.19. Elsie Maddock to be Nursing Officer, 25.9.19. No. 8 District. Littlehampton Division.— Divisional Surgeon and Supt. Dr. F. E. Richardson resigned his appointment, 24.10.19. No. 10 District. Ipswich Corps.— Lady Divisional Secretary Mrs. A A. Bohun Coulcher to be Lady Corps Supt., 10.10.19, vice Lady Corps Supt. Miss Hemsworth, resigned. No. 12 District. City of Dublin Corps (St. Stephen’s Green Nursing Divi sion).— Mrs. Bessie Benson and Miss Jessie Ogilvy to be Hon orary Members, 24.9.19. Naas Nursing Division.— The Lady Albreda Bourke to be Nursing Officer, 6.9.19, vice Nursing Officer Gray, resigned. City of Dublin Corps (Fitzwilliam Nursing Division).— Miss Alice Mary Hallad to be Honorary Member, 14.9.19, Public Service Corps (Alexandra College Nursing Divi sion).— Nursing Officer Mrs. Mary W. Thompson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 16.9.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss McComas, resigned. N sav D ivisions, & c . No. 4 District. Denton Nursing Division.— 2.9*19. In charge, Miss C. Hopkins, Nurses Home, Market-street, Denton.

D ivisions. | The following Detachments have been disbanded—• No. 2 District. West Wycombe Section ceased to exist 3.10.19, the niembers transferring to High Wycombe Division. City of Bristol Corps.— B. Division disbanded, 27.10.19. Thornbury Nursing Division.— Disbanded, 27.10.19.

R oll of H onour . Ashton, Pte. J., Territorial Branch, R.N.D. (Medical Unit). Black, Pte. A., „ „ „ „ Carr, Pte., J. C., „ „ „ „ Castle, Pte. H. W., „ „ „ „ Cheetham, Pte. H. W., Crompton, „ „ Cooper, Pte. C., Bolton, „ „ Durham, Pte. T. E., Territorial Branch „ Gibson, Pte. C. W. A., „ ,, „ Greenwood, Pte. J., „ ,, „ Gregory, Pte. E., „ „ „ Hall, Pte. W. „ „ „ Hamlin, Pte. W., „ „ „ Hamson, Pte. S., „ „ ,, Harrison, Pte. H., „ „ „ Harrison, Pte. H. L., „ „ „ Hasty, Pte. A., „ „ „ Hopkmson, Pte., C. W., „ „ „ Jones, Pte. N. D., Crynant, M.H.H.R. Knight, Pte. H., Territorial Branch, R.N.D. (Medical Un.it). Lifley, Pte. H., „ „ „ Littler, Pte. H., „ „ „ Longworth, Pte. T., Blackburn, M.H.H.R. Matthews, Pte. I. W., Territorial Branch, R.N.D. (Medical Unit). Morris, Pte. W. T., Territorial Branch, M.H.H.R. Perryman, Pte. A. H., Malton and Norton, 9th Yorkshire Regt. Pickles, Pte. E. D., Bacup, R.N.D. (Medical Unit). Price, Pte. E. P., Territorial Branch, R.N.D. (Medical Unit). Simpson, Pte. R , Harton Colliery, R.A.M.C. Stringer, Pte. T. S., Eccleshill, Northumberland Fus.

November, 1919

— FIRST

AID

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ST.

Tyson, Pte. J., Crompton, R .N .D . (M edical Unit). W hitehall, Pie. J. M., Territorial Branch, R .N .D . (M edical Unit). M ilita r y A w a r d .

Cowgill, Pte. J. M. (R .N .A .S.B .R .), Skipton, Distinguished Service Medal. Smith, Pte., J. E., Great Central Railway Pier (H u ll) M eritori ous Service Medal.

St. John V oluntary Aid D etach m en ts. The following Detachments have been disbanded :— Essex 43. London 290. A p p o in t m e n t s , P ro m o tio n s a n d R e s ig n a t io n s .

East Lancs. 272.— Miss Olive Tripper to be Quartermaster vice Miss F. Hoyle, resigned. Leicester 17.— Mr. G. O. Dixon to be Commandant, vice Mr. A. Haxton Hames,resigned. Leicester 46. —Mrs. E. Pacey to be Commandant, vice Mrs. New, resigned. Middlesex 15. - Quartermaster H. Reed Evans to be Com mandant, vice H. Kislingbury, resigned. Surrey 140.— Mrs. L ’Epine Smith to be Commandant, vice Mrs. Morris Chapman, promoted. D eaths.

Acting County Controller for Kent, Major George V. ' Skinner. Mrs. E. F. Gabriel, Worcester 108.

The Grand Priory of th e Order of th e H ospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery oj the O rder, S t. John's G ate, C lerken w ell, L o n d o n , E . C . , N o v. i s i , i g i g .

The K ing has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England A s K n ig h ts o f G race :

Colonel Sir W illiam W ilson Hoy, C.B. Thomas Storie Dixson, M .B. (from Honorary Serving Brother). Commander Frederick Mortimer Borwick, O.B.E., R.N . (from Honorary Serving Brother). Sir Edward Richard Henry, Bt., G.C.V.O., K .C.B., C.S.I. Lieut.-Colonel Seaburne Godfrey Arthur May Moens, C I E C.B.E. Francis M inchin Voules. A s H on orary K n ig h ts o f G race :

Medecin-lnspecteur-General Alexandre Lasnet. Medecin-Inspecteur-General Georges Lemoine. A s L ad ies o f G r a c e :

Beatrice Danvers, The Hon. Mrs. Alfred Dyke Acland. Frances Mary, M iss Davidson. The Lady Katharine Augusta Victoria Hardy. Bertha Jane, The Hon. Lady Kennedy.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

G A ZETTE. — A s E s q u ir e s :

Boles Reeves Rainsford (from Honorary Serving Brother). W illiam George Augustine Hanrahan, M .B.E. (from Honorary Associate). Robert Anderson, M .D. (from Honorary Associate). Herbert Langley Jones (from Honorary Serving Brother). Charles Gordon Ewart. W illiam H enry Mann, M.B.FI. George Locke, M .R.C.S.E., L .R .C .P .E d . (from H onoraiy Associate). A s H onorary S e rv in g Brothers

Frederick John Hutchinson.Captain Thomas James Brewin. George Leo Lee. Hurtle John Prater. W ilfrid Vincent M iller Koch, M .D. M ajor Alfred Joseph Gatt, M.C. Thomas Hodson'Henderson. W illiam James H arris. Frank Ernest Holmes. Charles Gordon Dovvthwaite. Edw in Ralphs. Isaiah Hacking. Thomas Scales Carter. John Rice. W illiam George Stanley. Frank Winter. George Alfred Beasley. George Albert Burgess. Abraham Rudge. A s H onorary S e r v in g S isters:

Ethel Grace, Mrs. Leonard Robin. Ellen Maude, M iss Grimsley, M .B.E. M ary Helen, Miss Bell, A .R .R .C . Ethel Maud, M iss Warrington. Annie Mary, M iss Wensley. Frances Florence, M iss Hely-Hutchinson. M ary Elizabeth, M iss Walker. Dorothy, Mrs. Rhodes. Elizabeth Em ily, Mrs. Carm ichael-Ferrall. Lucy Agnes, M iss Spry. A lice Edith, Mrs. Butement. Alice Deborah, Mrs. H ickling, M .B.E., L.R .C .P . & S. Lucy Elizabeth Talbot, M iss Woof. M iriam Gertrude, M iss Billing. Jean Bolton Em ily, Mrs. Cameron. Martha, Mrs. Lodge. Janet Mitchel, Mrs. M cKinley. Gertrude, Mrs. Clarke. Margaret, Miss Cudworth. Ethel Blanche, Mrs. Churton. Sarah Ann, M iss Hartley. Florence, Mrs. Kitson. Mary, Mrs. Waller. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A sso cia tes:

W illiam Edw in Haigh, F.R.C.S. Isabel, Miss Emslie, M .D. Agneta Frances, Miss Beauchamp, O .B.E. Captain Henry Mansbridge, O .B.E. Major-General Sir W illiam Watson Pike, K C M G D S O F .R .C .S .I., A.M.S. ' Cecil Henry Elm es, O.B.E., M.B. Robert Louis McAdam, M.D., Ch.B., D .P .H . Charles Bage, M .D. Frederick W illiam Kaiser. Colonel Frederick Adolphus Flem ing Barnado. C I E M B F .R .C .S .E ., I.M .S . John Ernest Nevins, M .B., M .R .C S Eldon Pratt, M.D., M .R.C .S.E. Captain Charles John Evers, M .D., M .R.C.S., R .A .M C (V ) The Rev. Paul W illiam Nassau Shirley, B.D. Captain Basil George Ewing, M .B., R .A .M .C .(T .F .)

— FIRST

AID

THE

ST.

G eneral L etter of th e Joint V.A.D. C om m ittee to County Directors. D e a r S i r ,— I s e n d y ou the follo w ing for yo ur in fo r m a t i o n :—

O c t o b e r 30th, 19 19 . I have been a sk ed to bring to your n otice the U n ited Se rv ices M a ssa ge L e a g u e . T h e w om en o f this L e a g u e are just as highly trained as those o f the A l m e r i c P a g e t M a s sage Co rps, and have been e n g a g ed in treating the w o u n d e d in the A r m y and N a v y during the war. T h e principal autho rity on massage at the M inistry o f H e a lt h states that the L e a g u e is a th o ro u gh ly reliable society. A n o t h e r point in their favour is that the m e m bers o f this L e a g u e do not have to p ay a ny p ercen tag e o f their earnings, whereas those w orking for the A . P . M . C ha ve to pay 5 per cent. W e ha ve re ce ive d a g o o d m any letters on the question o f gratuities. T h e only V . A . D . m em bers eligible for a gratuity un der A . C . I ’s 79 and 258 o f 1 9 1 9 are the G . S V . A . D . m em bers w ho were un de r co n trac t to the military authorities. N o n -nu rsing m e m bers in A uxilia ry hospitals or in d e ta c h m e n ts who are not under the military authorities must not be called G en eral S e rv ice members. A G e n e r a l S e rv ice m e m b e r is one w ho re p lace d a T o m m y in a military hospital. D fficulties have arisen in so m e military hospitals over the questio n o f pay w hen G S. m em bers b e co m e surplus to requirem ents if they are not im m e d iate ly posted to another hospital. It, therefore, you are inform ed by the O C . o f any hospital that he no longer requires the services o f G en eral S e rv ice m e m b ers at that hospital, and y o u ca n n o t y o u r- e lf post them to a no the r military hospital, w ou ld you very kin d ly inform L a d y A m p t h ill at G ro s v e n o r G ardens, so that the girls may be p isted elsewhere without delay. O f C' urse, if G ro s v e n o r G a r d e n s ha ve no longer vacancies for them, you will be in fo rm ed at o n c e so that the girls may be d e m o b ilise d . Y o u r s faithfully, C h i l s t o n , C h ie f County D irecto r

V.A.D’s Su m m ary of W ork for October. T h e w ork at the V . A . D . H e ad q u ar ters has not been n early so busy this month, so m e o f the departm ents indeed bein g quite slack, m e m bers thus bein g transferred to other departm ents, w hich co n tin u e with un aba ted zeal, s uch as G ra tu ity D e p a r tm e n t and the W a r M e d a l D e p artm en t, while in s o m e cases m e m bers h a v e been d e m o b ilis e d a lto gether. T he

N aval

and

M ilita r y

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. — November, 1919.

V . A . D . nursing members, un der .the follow in g c o n d i tions :— T h e bonus will be o n ly issued s ub ject to the nurse having signed a co ntract to co n tin u e to serve until the 30th A pril, 1920, or until her services are no longer required, w h ich e v e r is the earlier date. T h e bonus will not be issuable to nurses w h o have voluntarily re signed since 1st F ebrua ry , 19 1 9 , but in the case o f a nurse whose services were disp en sed with as being no longer required, a pp lica tio n m ay be m a d e for arrears o f bonus to the officer in charg e o f the hospital where the nurse was last serving. T he G eneral

Service

D epartment

re cord s that parties were still p ro ce e d in g to F ra n c e up to the 22nd inst., w hen all further re quisitions were can ce lled o wing to clo sing dow n o f certain units, since when m e m bers are being returned to E n g l a n d by degrees, so m e for dem obilisation, others to sup ply the needs o f the ho m e hospitals, who are still sen din g in occasio n al requisitions. T h e hospital for V . A . D . G en er al S e rv ice m em bers under the Joint W a r C o m m itte , w hich o p en ed on O c t o b e r 1st, 19 1 8 , co m p le t e d its first year's work on O c t o b e r 1st, 1 9 1 9 ; during that tim e — 2 1 4 In-patients were adm itted. 8 O ut-patients were a tte n d e d form assage treatment. 22 O peration s were performed, all with g o o d results. 2 D e ath s took place. T h e patients are co n sta ntly expressing gratitude for the k in d n ess they receive w hen in hospital, a n d after they leave m a k e a poin t o f g o in g to see the matron and nursing staff. T h e V . A . D . C o n v a le s c e n t H o m e at H a rts lea p has been full th rou gho u t the month , a n d the lo vely w eath er has been e n jo y ed most o f the time. W e regret to have to a n n o u n c e the death o f Miss A n n i e A d a m s o n , E. L an cs . 8, as the result o f co n su m p tio n c o n tracted while on a ctiv e service, also of Miss W in ifred Burtinshaw, Berks. 18, w ho died at the R e a d i n g W a r H o sp ita l while still on service. T he Sch o larsh ip

D epartment

has been busy during the last month, six e xpert com m ittees ha vin g been held. T h e n am es are a p p e n d e d belo w o f those w ho ha ve been a w a rded scholarships. T h e Se ely H o s p ita l has been acq u ire d by the T ru ste es ot the S ch ola rs h ip S c h e m e throu gh the kin dn ess o f Sir C h a r les Se ely, and is re o p en ed o n c e m ore for those m e m bers o n ly w ho are studying un d e r this s chem e, and for those w h o "are now u n d e rgo in g their training in various centres in L o n d o n .

V .A D .

Scholarship Schem e D epartm ent.

D epartment.

T h irty -e ig h t requisitions ha ve been re ce ive d for the services o f m em bers during the month , and 120 have been posted to Military, N aval, A ir F o r c e and M in istry o f P e n sions H osp itals. T h e M a tro n -in -C h ief Q . A . I . M . N . S . still fulfilling t h e requisitions of other military hospitals. A ruling has been re ce ive d w hereby nursing m e m b e r s who ha ve b e en d e m o b ilis e d as surplus to re q u ir e m e n ts , on re -a pp o intm e n t sh o u ld re ce ive the sam e rate o f p ay w hich t h e y were re ce iv in g at the tim e o f their de m obilisation. A bonus o f 3s. 6d. per w eek has been san ctio n e d for

T h e Scholarship Departm ent has been busy during the past

month, six expert Committees having been held. T h e following have been awarded Scholarships :— M ed icin e.

Nigh tingale, Dorothy, Kent Reserve. H e a l t h V isito r s.

Davidson, Mary, Aberdeen 30 Morgan, Vera, Glam. 132 Mant, Margaret, Cornwall 6 Waterhouse, Muriel, E a st Lancs. 222

November, 1919.

— FIRST

AID

THE

Jamison, Annie, Kincardine 4 Rowney, Mary, East Lancs. 30 H ill, Aileen, Perth, 56 Wood, Alethea, W .R . Yorks. 4 McBain, Margaret, Banffshire 18 W elfare

Su perviso r.

Oesterley, Irene, Middlesex 28 Sch ool M a tr o n s.

Sampson, Enid, London 210 W illiam s, Nell, Carnarvon 28 Adams, Nancy, Staffs 92 Tevendale, Lilian, Edinburgh 2 D is p e n s e r .

Mollett, Elsie, W .R. Yorks N ursery N urses.

Beilis, Ada, East Lancs. 244 Lowden, Irene, Glam. 3 Henniker-Gotley, G illian, Lincoln 28 O’Prey, Martha, Belfast 74 X -R ay.

Lee, Edith, Middlesex 62 Saunders-Jones, Dulce, Brecon 10 Greig. Elizabeth, Edinburgh 14B D en ta l M ech an ic.

John, Hilda, Somerset 108 G e n e r a l T rain in g .

Cain, E lla, Isle of Man 4 Field, Em ily, London 246 Sykes, Dorothea, Cheshire 40 Culleri, Mary, East Lancs. 136 Hughes, Elizabeth, Carnarvon 8 G eneral

ST.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

Blackman, Ada, London 128 Brewster, Rhoda, Rutland 2 Groome, Maud, Sussex 8 Goodyear, Mabel, Staffs, 2 Beattie, Elizabeth, Antrim 2 D rury, Sybil, Derby 18 Doyle, Eileen, Waterford 12 Evans, Bertha, Kent 100 Mitchley, Maud, Norfolk 68 Grange, Adeline, Oxford 42 Garner, Beatrice, Derby 46 Harry, Mary, Cornwall 40 Bennett, Violet, Northants 20 Ensor, Alexa, Co. Armagh 4 Hardy, Lucie, Lincoln 56 Harrison, Cathrine, London 154 Hartley, Sarah, East Lancs 114 Hewitt, Hester, Co. Derry 678 H ill, Em ily, W .R. Yorks 12 Hindle, Helena, East Lancs 252 Holmes, Ellen, London 8 Hook, Helen, East Lancs 222 Hudson, Caroline, Sussex 56 Humphreys, Norah, Devon 104 Hutchings, Annie, Surrey 140 Johnson, Edith, Kent 44 Kempster, Emma, West Lancs 1064 Lewis, Meta, Monmouth 2 Lomax, Jennie, East Lancs 116 Hodgson, Frances, Shrops 28 Lock, Cassandra, Middlesex 44 Fullerton, Victoria, St. Andrews’ Ambulance Corps Norris, Lavinia, Mrs., Herts 48 Murphy, Mary, Dublin 6 Morris, Margaret, East Lancs 128 Mavall, Sarah, East Lancs 206 Marsh, Alice, E .R . Yorks 48 There are still several applications in General Training and Midwifery to be dealt with.

T r a i n i n g (subject to obtaining vacancy).

Bird, Bertha, Norfolk 92 Bennett, Mary, Dumbarton 4 Breese, Agnes, Montgomery 22 Bentham, Louisa, East Lancs. 10 Blyde, Margery, Berks 34 Blades, Kate, East Yorks 52 Glenn, Violet, Cheshire 106 Glenny, Kathryn, Dundee 6 Fairer, Amy, Durham 6 Exell, Lilian, Thornbury, N.D. E llsly, Lizzie, Surrey 138 Dearlove, Kathleen, City of Dublin 508 Dawes, Milicent, Durham 50 Hodgson, Rachel, Cumberland 14 Holland, M ildred, Middlesex 28 Jones, Josephine, City of Dublin 4 Kenshole, Ida, Glam. 100. (subject to vacancy). Goodlet, Mary, East Lancs 84 James, Hilda, Cornwall 10 Jeffers, Mary, London 40 Davies, Priscilla, Glam. 66 Mazengarb, Ethel, Essex 60 Nottage, Edith, Staffs 24. V il la g e N u r s in g

D istr ic t

N u rsin g .

Dickson, Dorothy, Surrey 112 M id w if e r y .

Harding, Mary, Kent 100 W alker, Agnes, W .R. Yorks 66 M i d w i f e r y (subject to vacancy).

Marsden, Winifred, West Lancs 50 Pope, Elizabeth, Devon 62

T raining of Disabled N urses. T h e W o m e n ’s B r a n c h ol the T r a in i n g

try

of Labour,

D e p a r tm e n t, M in is

ha ve been a u th o rise d to arrange for the

training o f d is ab le d nurses in a c c o r d a n c e with the terms o f the R o y a l Warrant. T h e persons e lig ib le are nurses in re ce ip t o f a p ension un der that warrant w ho, curre d on

by reason o f their disability in

M ilitary S e r v ic e are p re ve n te d from follo w ing

their form er o ccu p a tio n .

T h e D e p a r tm e n t will arrange for

a certificate in all cases to be o b t a in e d fiom the M in istry o f Pe n sio n s M e d i c a l Officer as to the c a n d i d a t e ’s fitness for the n ew o ccu p a tio n in w h ich training is pro p o sed. The m a xim u m period o f training is to be 12 month s, but in m a n y cases the period will be less. A training a llo w an ce in a c c o r d a n c e with A r t ic l e 27 (a) o f the R o y a l Warrant, viz , the difference be tw ee n the pension a ctu ally in p ay m e nt a n d the pension at the rate for the highest d e gre e o f dis a b le m e n t will be p ayable, and, in addition , the M in istry o f L a b o u r will u n d e rta k e the p a y m e n t o f fees within certain well defin ed limits. N urses wishing to obtain the training u n d e r this s c h e m e should a p p ly to the C o n tro ller , W o m e n ’s T ra in in g B r a n c h , M inistry o f L a b o u r , St. E r m in ’s H o t e l, W e s tm in s ter, S .W . 1. A l l letters sh o u ld be m a rk e d “ D is a b le d N u r s e . ”

— FIRST

A ID . —

November, 1919.

in te n d ed to award 50 o f these m edals in January,

CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

1920,

a n d has re que ste d the S o cie ty to s u b m it their re c o m m e n d a tions before the en d o f the year 19 1 9 .

E d it o r ia l —

The Agreement and the St. John Ambulance Brigade Hospital Ships ... ... ... ... ...

65 66 T o e n a b le the S o cie ty to c o m p ly with this request it is

D istr ict R e p o r t s—

No. 1 ... ... ... No. 2 ; No.3 ... ... No. 4; No. 5 ; No. 11 ...

... ... ...

66 67 68

n ecessary to ask that the names o f trained nurses w ho have, e specia lly during the war, p ro ve d them selves to be e x c e p tionally d eserving o f reco gn ition m ay be bro u ght to the n otice o f the British R e d C r o ss Society.

T h e St . Jo h n A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e —

Official Brigade News ... ... ... ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... General Letter of the Joint V.A .D . Conim iltte to County Directors ... ... .... ... V .A.D . Summary for October ... ... ... V .A .D . Scholarship Scheme Department ... ... Training of Disabled Nurses ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... Voluntary Aid Conference ... ... ... Priory of St. John in W ales... ... ... W igan Coal and Iron Co.’s Ambulance Competition

F u ll particulars

o f the services on w hich the re co m m e n d a tio n s are made and the n am es o f the officials w ho can p erso n a lly vo u ch

for the a c c u r a c y o f the in fo rm ation given s h o uld be for w arded as early as possible, a n d in no case

72 72 72 73

... ... ... ...

74 75 76 76

... ...

76 76

later than

N o v e m b e r 30th, for co n side ra tio n and selection.

Recom

m endations

outside

should

sent

(m ark ed

the

“ N ig h tin g a le M e d a l ” ) to the Secretary, British R e d Cross Society, 83, P a ll M all, L o n d o n , S . W . i .

V A very in terestin g series o f exhibits is d isp lay ed in the upper room s o f the L o n d o n M u s e u m , L a n ca s te r H o u s e , St. J a m e s ’s of uniforms, co stum es and b adges o f various

P r actical P o in ts—

Killed by Plum Skin ... ... Discipline Without Discrim ination

... ...

... ... ...

S ociety.

S o m e difficulty has been e xp erien ce d in form ing

the co llectio n as so m a n y m e m b er s ha ve been dispersed

Q u e r ie s a n d A nsw ers to C o r r e sp o n d e n ts —

Shock from Abdominal Injury Prussic Acid Poisoning ... Fractures of Thigh and Leg

ranks o f workers o f the O rd e r o f St. J o h n and R e d Cross

... ... ...

77 77 77

un der demobilisation, but by the energy o f those in charge o f the

various

de pa rtm e n ts

these

difficulties ha ve been

o ve rco m e .

* * *

R eview s—

Pocket Guide to F irst Aid in Poisoning ... ... Pye’s Elementary Bandaging and Surgical Dressing

78 78

A t a co n fe re n c e at St. J a m e s ’s P a la c e on the future sco p e o f the work o f the V . A . D . ’s under the Join t C o m mittee, Dr. A d d i s o n w e lc o m e d the help o f the organisa tion, a n d said there was no e nd to the oppo rtu nities for

B revities.

well-considered w ork amon^ our po pu latio n, a n d the fact that the V . A . D . was prepared to enter the field w ould do m uch to p ro m o te unity o f a ction and

A t an In tern a tio n a l C o n f e r e n c e o f R e d

C ross S o c ie

secure a practical

p o licy a vo idin g d up lica tio n o f well-m eant effort.

ties, held at W a s h in g to n in 1 9 1 2 , it was d e c id e d to e sta b

* * *

lish a m e d a l both as a m em oria l to M iss F lo r e n c e N i g h tin g a le and to giv e in tern ation al re co gn ition to o utstan ding w ork by train ed nurses in all parts o f the world.

A com

m ittee was a p p o in te d by the In ternatio nal R e d C ro ss C o m m ittee in G e n e v a to m a k e the necessary arrangements. w as

o riginally d e c i d e d that not

m o re than six o f these

m edals sh o u ld b e d istributed either ann ually or in alternate years, to

the

six

m o st d eserving

trained

nurses, to

se le cte d b y the In terna tio na l C o m m i t t e e from r e c o m m e n datio n s

s u b m itted

the

various

national

Red

C ross

On tunities

w hat

hu m an ity to-day

called

for the properly itself.

arose

the

d o m e stic

trained

side, the

nurse

were

M u c h o f the sickness a n d disability of

from

la ck

good

so u n d

knowledge.

R e cre atio n , p layin g grounds, ca m p s for physical exercise, needed bodies. people,

also In

better

org anisation

a nythin g

that

among

made

the

for the

voluntary

good

o f the

Dr. A d d is o n a d d ed , the organisation would not

suffer from la ck o f go o d w ill a n d desire to help

societies.

o p p o r

w ide

on the

part o f the M in istry o f H e a lth .

* * *

O w in g to the o u tb re a k o f the war in 19 1 4 , the first awards were p o stp o n e d , and the In ternatio nal C o m m it t e e

h a v e n ow in fo rm ed the Britis h R e d C r o ss S o c i e ty that it is

colum n .

report

this

c o n fe re n c e

m o re

fully

another

November, 1919.

—FIRST

V oluntary Aid Conference. A c o n f e r e n c e was held at St. J a m e s ’s P a l a c e on O c t o b e r 23rd, b y permission o f the K i n g , to discuss the future c o n stitution o f V o lu n ta r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t s a n d the s ch e m e w hich has be en drawn up for using their services under the Ministries o f H e a lt h and Pensions. A full report o f this co n fe re nce app eared in the Tim es o f O c t o b e r 24th, o f w hich we reprint the following :— I t is p ro p o se d that the V o l u n ta r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t s shall remain a part o f the T e c h n i c a l R e s e r v e o f the T e r r i torial F o rce , but that the m a n a ge m en t o f them shall be d elegated by the W a r Office to a Joint C o u n cil, w ho set up a C e n tr al Join t V . A D. C o m m it t e e , o f w ho m one m e m b e r shall be n om ina ted by the W ar Office, five by the Territorial F o r c e A sso ciation , and ten b y the Joint C o un cil. Sir A rth u r S ta n le y (C h air m a n o f the C e n tr al Joint V . A . D . C o m m ittee ), presided, and he was supported by Dr. A d d is o n , M inister o f H e alth , and C o l. W e b b (D irectorG e n e r a l M e d i c a l Service), representing the M in istry o f Pen sio n s. A m o n g others pre sent w ere— Princess Beatrice, D u c h e ss o f Beaufort, D u c h e s s o f N o rfo lk, L o r d Iveagh, L a d y W i l l o u g h b y de B rok e, L a d y Leicester, L a d y Jersey, Ca p ta in L o r d G erard, L a d y Ilchester, L a d y L a n s d o w n e , C o lo n e l Sir Jam es Clark , L a d y Fortescue, L o r d and L a d y N u n b u r n h o lm e , L a d y O nslow , L a d y C a m d e n , L a d y A l i c e W illo u g h b y , Brig ad ier-G enera l R. A. G . Harrison, Sir W illiam Bennett, L a d y G lan u sk, L a d y G w e n d o lin C o lv in , Mrs. L e o p o l d R o t h s c h ild , L o r d R a n furly, Sir E d w a r d Stewart, L a d y W o o d , L a d y A m pth ill, L a d y Oliver, L a d y Sa ndw ich, L o r d a n d L a d y D o n o ughm ore, L o r d H e rb e rt V a n e - T e m p e s t , L o r d S c a r brough, L a d y H eadfo rt, L ady M ary T u r n e r, L a d y T re vo r, D a m e Sarah Swift, L a d y A s h c o m b e , L a d y L i n colnshire, L a d y Cotton-Jodrell, Sir J. Barr, C o l o n e l Sir R i c h a r d T e m p l e , L a d y Winchester, L a d y D o r e e n L on g, L a d y D a rtm o u th , L a d y W a ldeg ra ve, L a d y Ply m o uth , D a m e M a u d Be va n , Sir Warren C r o o k e-L a w le ss , L a d y de Blaquiere, L o r d Ch ils ton , L a d y Bell, and Sir W. J. Thom pson. T h e C h a ir m a n said they felt that there was just as great a field for voluntary effort in p ea ce tim e as there was during w a r ; and it was the a m bitio n and the h o p e o f the voluntary workers that they might be able to co n tin u e their work un der the Ministries o f H e a l t h and Pensions. Dr. A d d is o n said he was glad to find that this great organisation, w hich had ren dered such co n sp icu o u s and valuable service during the war, was prepared to e xtend its energies to the needs o f peace. F ro m the point o f view o f the M in iste r o f H e a l t h he w e lc o m e d their assistance, and he was sure th e y w ou ld be able to work togeth er for the co m m o n go o d. T h e M inistry w ou ld be glad as n e ce s sity o cca sio n ed to seek their assistance from tim e to time in p ro m o tin g the health o f the p eo p le in times o f peace. T h e r e was no e n d to the o p portunities for well-directed a n d co n sidered effort with re gard to health matters a m o n g the people. O n e o f the things we had often la ck e d had been a sufficient op portu nity for co n sid e rin g the right lines o f activity for creating a practical p o licy a n d o f a vo idin g a n eedless d up lica tio n o f well-meant effort, often with not very useful results. T h e fact that that great org anisation was prepared to enter the field would, he hop ed , do a great d e al to p ro m o te c o m m u n it y o f a ctio n a m o n g th o se v o lu n tary org anisations with w hich th e y were associated, and secure, in con su ltation with the M in istry o f H e a lth , that th e y w o r k e d on the right lines.

AI D. — H e suggested that if we had had w ell-organised a n d s ensibly-directed efforts a m o n g the ho m e s o f the p e o p le during the last 20 years w e s h o uld not n ow be ca lle d on, at great p u b lic expense, to try to p ro v id e houses with w in do w s that w ould open, nor to seek to prom ote, at great cost a n d infinite labour, an addition al provision o f houses w hich w ou ld take the p lace o f the pestilential spaces that had hitherto been in h ab ite d by so m a ny people. T h e oppor tunities for recreation a n d ca m p s o f physical exercise n e e d e d greater org anisation and c o m m o n foresight a m o n g the vo lu ntary bo dies than had been the ca se hitherto. T h i s s u b jec t b a d a lrea d y been d iscussed b e tw ee n them, a n d the M in istry o f H e a l t h w ou ld gla d ly co -o p erate in any practical measures that m igh t be d e v is e d for dealin g with that great necessity. C o l o n e l W e b b th a n k ed the V . A . D . ’s on b e h a lf o f the M in istry o f P e n sio n s for their proffered help on the sam e lines as that ca rried on un de r the W a r Office. H i s D e p a r t m ent p ro p o sed to take o ver from the A r m y all orthopaedic centres, and they wished to e xte n d and ra dia te from those ce ntres clinics, where m en c o u ld still be under the s u p e r vision o f the parent ce ntre , and w here th e y m igh t receive s uch massage and electrical treatm ent as might be o rde re d by the surgeon. T h e y had n ow so m e five clin ics in L o n don, a n d others w o u ld be a d d e d very shortly. It had been arranged within the last few days that they should take over such A r m y hospitals as th e y needed, a n d the M in istry o f P e n sio n s w ou ld be re spo n sib le for the c o n tin u e d treatm ent o f those cases now re ceivin g treat ment. T o meet this n ee d they were o p en ing up co n v a les cent centres. Mr. E v e l y n C e c i l (Se cre tary -G en eral o f the O rd e r o f St. J ohn), dealin g with the questio n o f finance, said he tho ug ht they w ou ld be justified in p ea ce in a p p ly in g to the ca use o f the sick a n d w o u n d e d the funds su b s c rib e d for the sick and w o u n d e d during the war. T h e Join t C o u n c i l w ou ld require a steady and co n tin u o u s in co m e, and how it should be o b t a in e d was a matter they must n ot lose sight of. E v e n if co ntrol were vested in the C e n tral Join t V . A . D . C o m m it t e e , the p ro p o se d Join t C o u n c i l might ha ve to be in vested with powers o f veto and g e n era l supervision. R e solu tio n s were passed with a view to p lacin g a wellc o n sid e re d sch e m e before the A r m y C o u n c il for its c o n sideration.

C o r r e c t i o n s . — U n d e r Official B r ig a d e N e w s ( O c t o ber issue), F a lm o u th D iv isio n , “ M e rv y n Jam e s Stuart ” should be “ M e r v y n J a m e s Stew a rt.” U n d e r Official B r ig a d e N e w s (S e p te m b e r issue), S t a ly b r id g e and D u k i n field Div isio n, Dr. J. Brie rly a p p o in te d “ D iv is io n a l S u r g e o n ,” a n d not “ D iv is io n a l S u p e r in te n d e n t ,” as de sc rib ed .

A N e w D i v i s i o n .— The. M i d d l e s e x R . A . M . C . C o m panies o f the E a ste rn C o m m a n d A m b u l a n c e C o n v o y , w hich was under the c o m m a n d o f M a jo r P. G. D a rv il Sm ith, ha ve now been fo rm e d into a D iv is io n o f the P r in c e o f W a l e s ’s Co rps, S . J . A . B ., with an e n ro lle d strength of a b o u t 300. T h e D iv is io n is un der the c o m m a n d o f C a p t . C la y d o n . T h e r e is no d o u b t that this D iv is io n will be a v a lu a b le asset to the B r ig a d e for m ost o f its m e m b er s h a v e be en e n g ag ed on transport w ork from the c o m m e n c e m e n t o f the war, the C o n v o y h a vin g dealt with 150,000 wounded.

tlon^Firstorresponding with Advertisers please men-

- F I R S T

A ID . -

Priory of S t. John in W ales. P rotest

A g a in st

A m a lgam a tion

Sch em e.

A s p e c i a l m eet o f e x e c u tiv e officers and m em b ers o f the E x e c u t iv e a n d A m b u l a n c e C o m m it t e e s o f the Prio ry for W a le s o f the O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f Jerusalem was held on O c t o b e r 25th, at the G re a t W e ste rn H o te l, P a d d in gto n , to co n sid e r the a g re em en t betw een the G r a n d Prio ry o f the O r d e r a n d the British R e d C r o ss S o cie ty for the setting up o f a jo int c o u n c il to adm inister the fun ds a n d to control the work o f the two bodies, Sir O w e n Phillipps, acting sub-prior, presided, and a m o n g those present were the B i s h o p o f St. D a vid s, Mr. T . R ich a r d s o n , M . P ., and Mr. J. T o w y n -J o n e s , M .P . T h e p ro ce ed in gs were private. T h e feeling o f the m e m bers pre sent was that the s c h e m e was in a p p lic ab le to W a les and w ou ld vitally affect t he Priory, w hich had be co m e a national W elsh o rganisa tion. I f the suggested V . A D. s c h e m e b e c a m e operative, it was urged that the B r ig a d e w ou ld be a b so rb ed in an orgin is ation for military work, for w hich it was not origin a lly intend ed. It was also p o in ted out that the W elsh P rio ry h a d been given a u to n o m y by its creation in W a l e s ; that it had re ce ive d no financial support from headqu arters in L o n d o n ; and that the w hole o f the in c o m e it e n jo y e d c a m e from the levies m ade by co lliers and workers in the industrial areas o f the P rincipality. T h e Priory had u n d e r tak en an e n o rm ou s a m o u n t o f w ork in Wales, not only t hrou gh the motor transport ser vices but by the e sta b lish m ent o f hospitals a n d hostels for disabled men. W ales was stated not to ha ve been co n sid e re d in the a g re e m e n t or in the V . A . D . schem e, nor was any repre sen tativ e o f the Prio ry in W ales present when either o f the proposals were under discussio n. A m e m o ra n d u m o f pro test was sent to the C h a p la in o f the O r d e r and to the ch a irm an o f the Join t C o m m i t t e e befo re the a greem en t was signed, but no n otice had been taken. T h e meeting d e c id e d to app oint a depu tation to co n su lt the C h a n c e l l o r o f the Priory and Mr. L l o y d G e o r g e as to w hat steps s h o uld be taken, and also to sen d a depu tation to the C o u n c i l o f the G r a n d Priory o f the Order.

W igan Coal & Iron Co.’s A m bulance C om petition. T h e 2nd annual c o m p etitio n for the C h a lle n g e S hie ld pre s en ted by Mr. A . M. L a m b was held at the Drill Hall, W ig a n , on O c t o b e r 1 8th, w hen a large n u m b e r o f p eople w ere pre sent. T h e r e has been no co m p etitio n during the last seven years ow in g to the war. T h e task o f j u d g in g t he teams was un d e rta k e n by Dr. G . A sh to n . M . D ., o f M anch ester, M a jo r R o y a l A r m y M e d i c a l C o r p s and H o n o ra ry A ss o cia te o f the O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f Jerusalem, and Dr. A . O. B e ntba m , L . R . C . P (L o n d o n ), M . R . C . S . (E n g la n d ), H o n o ra ry L ife M e m b e r o f St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e A sso cia tion , Six team s entered for the contest, and they were p lace d in the fo llo w in g order :— W e stle igh was the winning team with 2 15 marks, Steelw o rks c a m e seco n d with 203, Westh o u g h t o n 201, H a ig h and A s p u ll 200, Standish 188, and C l o c k F a c e 180 Mr. L a m b , in co n gra tula tin g the winners, said that e v e ry o n e must have been im p ressed with the high stan dard

November, 1919

o f w ork attained. It must be a great com fort to kn o w that w hen a ccid en ts d id happen that they were willing and able to render the right type o f assistance. Dr. A s h t o n said, in regard to a m b u la n ce w ork done that afternoon, he might tell them that the test he had given, so far as his portion o f the co m p etitio n was co n cern e d, was a very difficult one. O n the last o cca sio n they were all b e ginners, and he had given them a rather simple test, but the test that day had been an extrem ely difficult one, but they had d o n e it extrem ely well. From his point o f view there was very little betw een the teams. H e co n gra tula ted the team that had won. but there was no reason w h y the other teams sh o u ld not reverse the result at the next com petition. H e con gra tu la te d the W ig a n C o a l and Iron C o m p a n y on ha vin g six such e xcellen tly trained teams, and h o p e d that the n ext time he cam e, if he were invited, he would find a d o zen team s equ ally good. Dr. B e n th a m said he had no idea as to w h irh was the w inn ing team. H e e ndorsed M r. A s h t o n ’s rem arks rega rd ing the objects o f first aid, a n d said they must de al with cases with seriousness, a n d k n o w particularly what they h ad to deal with, and d o their best under the c ir c u m stances.

Jractical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases -w ith special reference to good and bad boints in Treatment— *'or inclusion in this Column.

K il l e d by P l u m S k i n .

A boy, aged 15, dived and struck his head at the bottom of a swimming bath. Failing to rise, he was pulled out of the water unconscious by some of the onlookers and was treated without success by artificial respiration. At the inquest it was established that death was due not to drowning but to suffoca tion consequent of obstruction of larynx by a piece of plum skin, which had evidently been present in tbe boy’s mouth when he dived, and which had lodged in his windpipe. N .B..— This case emphasises the importance o f exploring the mouth and throat in all cases of Insensibility, even when the cause is evidently self-apparent and especially when there is no immediate response to treatment.— D. M., Fleet-street.

D isciplin e W it h o u t D isc r im in a t io n .

When we were on Public Duty one day, a young ambu lance officer who was very keen on correct drill was in charge of our station. A young girl fainted and was placed on a stretcher, for removal to hospital near-by. When, however, the bearers proceeded to move off, the officer intervened, re proved them for their negligent methods, and, turning his back on the patient, gave a learned discussion on stretcher drill. Meanwhile the patient had so far recovered that she sat up and, while the officer was holding forth eloquently, got off the stretcher and rejoined her friends in the crowd who gave vent to a roar of laughter. The officer ceased suddenly, and with a look of intense indignation on his face until, looking round, he realised what had happened I !.— S, B., Hyde Park.

N o r th u m b er lan d V .A D W o r k .— C o l o n e l C. B. P a lm e r, c o u n ty director, pre sid ed at a large gathering o f V . A . D ’s at N e w ca s tle on O ct. 1 8th, when over 900 medals a n d b adges were dis tributed by M a jo r-G en eral Sir K e rr M o n tg o m e r y . T h e re cipients o f special m edals in clude d Sir K e r r M o n tg o m e r y a n d L a d y M o n tg o m er y , the C o u n tes s o f T a n k e r v i lle , and Sir T h o m a s Oliver.

November, 1919.

-F IR ST

Queries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

AI D. -

A GREAT AID T O FIRST AID.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— '■ — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope "Q u ery," and addressed— F ir s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London. E.C. e .— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon" cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

*■ — L'he Textbook, to which 1ejerer.ee may be made in thtse columns, is the Revised (iq if) Edition of S .J.A .A . Manual of Fiist-Aid.

S hock from A bdo m inal I n ju r y .

J. D. (Leicester)— A common football accident is for a player to be struck on the abdomen by a ball and laid out or “ winded.” Please tell us what has really happened to the patient and what is the correct treatment. As the sequel to a sh a rp , sudden blow on the abdominal wall (especially pit of stomach) a condition of Shock results fro m ir r it a t io n o f sym pathetic n ervo u s system (especially that por tion known as “ solar flexus”). As part of the Shock there is a reflex stoppage of breathing which, being the most marked symptom, gives its name to the condition. The effects v a ry fro m a tra n sien t in ca p a city to a fa ta l syncope, and this often without any apparent lesion. Treat as for shock.— N. C o r b f . t F le tch e r.

P ru ssic A cid P o is o n in g .

M. L. (Woodhouse).— W ith Prussic Acid Poisoning (1), would it not be better to give an emetic which w o u ld be m ore easily obtainable than alcoholic stimulants ? and (2) which is the best emetic ? Please advise. (1).

Y e s ; but after patient has vomited, follow up im I cannot agree that emetics are “ more easily obtainable,” be cause in most emergencies, with which I have had to deal, somebody has been ready with a dose of brandy ! (2). M usiard— because it is a stimulant emetic.— N. C. F. m ediately with stimulants lest unconsciousness intervene.

r a c t u r e s

o f

h ig h

a n d

e g

Remembering the extreme r is k s o f a g g ra v a tio n of frac tured thigh, 1 do not consider the omission of any splints advisable when this fracture is accompanied by a fractured leg. If, however, three splints only are available, then the inner splint for leg might be dispensed with, though I should prefer in this event that the inner splint for thigh should ex tend from fork to foot. By the way, I suspect from your letter that you have forgotten that the Textbook (p. 63) teaches you to apply this splint “ from fork to just above knee.” Am I right?— N. C. F.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an e p ito m e o f all that sp ecialised m edical a n d surgical k n o w l e d g e n ecessary for First A iders, as well as an a utho rita tiv e m a nu al or referen ce on all info rm atio n relating to H e a l t h a n d D isease, is a work to be w e lco m e d by all our readers w ho wish to stu d y their s u b jec t more d e e p ly than is p o ssib le from superficial text books. In “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n ,” by Dr. A n d r e w W ilson, fullest sp ace is d e v o t e d to “ First A i d ” a n d A m b u l a n c e W ork. In respect o f co m p lete n e ss, a c c u r a c y o f description and wealth o f illustration, “ T h e " M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n ” stands w ith out a rival a m o n g st the w orks p u b lis h ed on this i m p ortant subject. It is scientifically a ccu r ate a n d reliab le without bein g dull ; the n am e o f its editor, so lo ng and p o pula rly k n o w n as an expositor o f H e a l t h laws a n d a teacher o f H y g ie n e , is a gu aran tee o f this. T h i s work is ab so lutely co m p le te as regards H e a l t h and Disease. A s a k n o w le d g e o f the b o d y in H e a lt h is n ecessary to the d u e u n de rstan din g o f the b o d y w hen its fu n ction s are d e ra n g ed by disease, a descrip tio n o f every part o f the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, dige stive system, heart a n d lungs, brain and nervous system, org ans o f sense, skin, kid n e y s and the b o d y ’s m icro s co p ic structure are duly de scribed. I n this co n ne ction the illustrations are o f particular value, the “ m a n n i k i n s ” or du m m ies m ore e s p e c i a l l y ; in these the org ans are m a d e to ove rla p each o th er exactly as they d o in the h u m an body. T h e section d e v o t e d to H y g i e n e in clu d e s the full exposition o f the L a w s o f H e a lt h , and special attention is d e v o t e d to P h y sica l C u ltu re . S u c h topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clo thin g, sleep, baths, holidays, tem p era m en t, & c ., are treated in this section. T h e last v o lu m e is especially d e v o t e d to the H e a l t h o f W o m e n , a n d Dr. W ils o n has here be en assisted by a n u m b e r o f e m in e n t w o m e n p hysicia ns. M id w ife ry and the treatm ent and D iseases o f In fan ts are here fully dealt with.

ONE

L. W (Sheffield).— W ith fracture of r ig h t thigh and associated fracture of left ankle, would it be advisable to dispense with one of the inner splints or should all four be used? We shall welcome your decision.

DR.

MANY

O P IN IO N S

Mr. J. DANIEL, Kent Avenue, Ashford, writes:— “ Its all-round excellence makes it a valuable acquisition. T he section dealing with ambulance work is especially good. T he book is written in splendid style and the illustrations are first rate. T he meihod of payment places it within the reach of a ll.”

A TO

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R S T -A ID A N D H O M E N U R S IN G .— Students pre pared for examination. Class or private lessons.— W rite to J. Robertson Copland (proficiency badges F.A. and H .N .) at 39, Gordon-square, London, W .C. 1. © '

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— FIRST

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November, 1919

R eview s. P O C K E T G U ID E T O F IR S T A ID IN P O IS O N IN G . By Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B', C.M .G., M.D., &C. 2nd. Edition. Supplies : Dale, Reynolds & Co., 46, Cannon-street, E.C. 4.

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W e cordially commend to all First-Aiders this useful little pocket companion, which deals with Poisoning, and is No. 1 of Col. R. J. Blackham’s Pocket First A id Series. As we should expect from so eminent an instructor, the Guide is con cise, correct, and above all things, practical. Carried in the pocket, it will always be available for accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment in cases of poisoning.

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and at B , Y O R K P L A C E , L E E D S , 8 4 , M IL L E R S T R E E T , G LA S G O W .

W h en corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ F irst Aid ”

O w i n g to t h e e x c e p t io n a l d e m a n d we have RE-PRINTED th is b eautifu l C ertificate , m easuring 1 2 ^ in. by 2 0 in., w h i c h c a n be s u p p l i e d to D i v i s i o n s of t h e St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r i g a d e a t 1 5 s . 6(1. p e r doz. T h i s C e r t i f i c a t e s h o u l d be a s p l e n d i d s o u v e n ir, t o all m e m b e r s o f th e S t. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r i g a d e w h o w ere engage on A ir R a id D u ty d u r i n g t h e war. S u p p lie d

by—

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November, 1919

— FIRST

A I D -

First Aid in the Home H I L B L A I N S and all Inflam m atory C o n d itio n s , G o u t, R h e u m a t is m , G oitre, E n larged G lan d s , E c z e m a , R in g w o rm , Haemorrh oids, W o u n d s , a n d Sore s o f every descrip tio n q u ic k ly yield to the antiseptic a n d s o o th in g properties o f I o d in e as presented in its ideal form “ I O D E X . ”

C r e a t e s o f

O rd in a r y preparations o f Io d in e stain irritate a n d co rr o d e the skin.

R e s e r v e s

“ I O D E X ” neither stains n cr irritates, but is bland in action.

S t r e n g t h

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AID.— M ANUALS

U niform s, B elts a n d P o u ch es, H aversacks, W a te rb o ttle s, S t r e t c h e r S lin g s , E tc., e tc .,

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AN By

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B. C M.G., C .I.E ., D.S.O., M.D., M .R.C.P.E., D.P.H.(Lond-), Knight of Grace of St. John, Member of the Order of Mercy, Kaiser-i-Hind Medalist, Barrister-at-Law, Asst.-Commissioner St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas.

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T o be cut out a n d enclosed w ith a ll Queries N o v . , 1919.

FIRST AID AND

ST.

JOHN

THE

Edited by A R T H U R No. 306.— V o l . XXVI

N O T IC E

DEGEM BLR,

[ 3/6 P e r A n n u m , P o s t

4. P o l ic e a n d other civil work.

Itrk e

M a tt e r to be

B r ig a d e to ha ve w ork as heretofore.

Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

5. T h e work a n d

L o n d o n ,

E.C.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London." Telephone No. S d ll Bank.

duties hitherto p erfo rm ed by

either the B r ig a d e o f the O r d e r or the British R e d C ro ss S o c ie ty shall co n tin u e to be p erfo rm ed by them re spe ctive ly

under

the

co n tro l

their

re spe ctive

officers. It will be manifest from the 3, 4 a n d

5 o f the fo re

goin g that these a m e n d m e n t s to the a g re em en t elim in a te the o b je c t io n w h ich we raised in our last issue, a n d is gratifying that

L t d .,

R e d C ro ss D e

t ach m en ts to be eligible to share in the work.

S tr e e t,

PRICE THREEPENCE

[E ntered a t S ta tio n e rs' H alt.]

t ak en up by Join t C o u n c i l with authorities co n cern e d .

Its aim and object being the advancement 01 Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement ard also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers.

C an n o n

DALE.

1919*

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free; single copies 3d.

46,

READERS.

D A LE, REYNOLDS & CO.,

GAZETTE.

AMBULANCE

this positio n has been arrived

shows earnestness on the part o f the Join t

at,

for it

C o u n c i l to

exp lo re a n y road w hich will lead to the a m i c a b l e settle m e n t to a c c o m p lis h the ends w h ich are in view.

It n ee d

scarcely be said that the s c h e m e o f all n ew w ork is to be on a C o u n t y basis, a n d will be carried out by V o l u n t a r y

EDITORIAL.

A i d D e ta ch m e n ts , the only existing C o u n t y org an isatio n o f workers.

In Th e A greem ent and the

issue

co m m e n te d

B r ig a d e m e m b er s are elig ib le to take up

this work, a n d th e y will do so as m e m b e r s o f V . A . D . ’s ;

up on the position o f the S . J . A . B . under

the work

the a greem en t

auxilia ry to the M in istry o f H e a lt h .

since

S .J .A . B .

pre vious

A ll

then

the

o f the

Join t

position,

C o un cil,

health

and

welfare

will

It is not surprising from the B r ig a d e p o in t o f view that it was felt that an e n c r o a c h m e n t was b e in g m a d e up o n

representation,

has

dealt

wtth

Su b-C o m m itte e ,

the

strong

relates

fully

o wing been

w hich

and the report w hich it has just issued has be en adopted

its civil

work, but it must be b o rn e in

mind

that

the

British R e d C ro ss S o c i e t y has had its charter a m e n d e d so

as a basis for the s c h e m e o f jo int w ork betw een the O rd e r

as to allo w o f its m e m bers tak in g up civil work, a n d they

and the Society.

are n ow e qu ally elig ible for s u ch w ork with the S J . A . B ,

T h e position as it now stands is :—

1. A l l new work to be d o n e entirely by D e t a c h ments ( R e d

C ross,

St.

John,

and

T . F . A . ) w orking

u nder the jurisdiction o f Joint C o u n t y C o m m itteees. The

B rig ad e to

instruct

N u r s in g

D iv isio n s

that

D e t a c h m e n t s m ay be m aintained as at present formed,

an d it can h a rd ly be e x p e c te d that a m o n o p o l y can be crea te d for any particular class o f work, for it rests with p u b lic authorities

gran t

perm ission

workers to d o civ il a m b u l a n c e

work.

any

body of

In a n y ca se the

B r ig a d e will co n tin u e its street a m b u l a n c e w ork as before in direct co m m u n ic a t io n a n d un der the in structions o f the

or re-form ed for the purp o se o f s uch work.

p o lic e authorities. 2. N e ith e r b o d y claims an exclu siv e m o n o p o ly o f the particular work m entio ned belo w or any other work. 3.

I t will be seen by the last cla u s e o f the a m e n d m e n t that no in terference will take p la ce in the adm inistratio n o f the

N avy

and

R e g u la r

A r m y (m ale

B r ig a d e to ca rry on w ork on pre-war

conditions.

R e seiv es). W e

Brig ad e,

u n d e rs tan d

w h ic h that

will be ca rried

the q u e s tio n

o f raising

hitherto. fun ds

for

B r ig a d e purposes is n o w b ein g dealt with, a n d we h a v e no

FIRST

reason to d o u b t that

favourable a rra n gem en t will

AI D. —

December, 1919

!Jlii Stand fciotg of the Otdit of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland.

made. Su c h , then, is the ge n era l position as it stands to-day, a n d in our o p in io n a solvent has be en fo un d for s o m e o f the principal difficulties w h i c h - w e r e raised.

AM BULANCE

T h e r e is no

d o u b t that others will occur, but we feel sure th e y will be su rm o u n te d i f go o dw ill prevails on bo th sides.

D EP A R TM EN T.

Jhe St. John .Ambulance Srigade. No. 1 District.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r :

W . H . W IN N Y , O .B.E.

St. John Ambulance ^Association. U lster

C en tr e.

T h i s C e n t r e d id a vast a m o u n t o f work during the war, and a lth ou gh there has been so m e reaction ow in g to the ce ssa tion o f hostilities, it is intere sting to k n o w that it is c o n tinuing its useful activities. A t the annual meeting o f the U ls te r C e n t r e on D e c e m b e r 2nd, the honorary secretaries in their report expressed the h o p e that a fresh impetus w ould be given to a m b u la n ce work in the c o m in g year, as the sub jects taught un der the rules o f the A ss o cia tio n are so useful at all times, and a k n o w le d g e o f them h a d been the m eans o f saving m a ny lives. T h e report m e n tio n e d the reco gn ition by his M a je s ty o f the va lu a ble services o f several m em b ers o f the c o m mittee. T h e honorary treasurer s u bm itted a satisfactory financial statem ent, but in tim ated that it m ay be n e c e s sary to increase the in co m e by means o f sub scriptions in order to e xtend the work. G en eral Sir W illiam A dair, in m o vin g the a do ptio n of the reports, suggested that there sh o u ld now be a clear e xp lan ation o f w hat it is e x p e c te d to d o in future. T h e E a rl o f R a n fu rly addressed the m eeting on the w ork o f the A sso cia tion . A s regards the future o f the V . A D . ’s, he said it was the business o f the Joint C o m m ittee to k e ep them together, a n d e m p lo y them, or show them w here they c o u ld get e m p lo y m e n t w hich would be o f value to the co m m u n ity . H e suggested that the nursing societies in U ls t e r m ight invite them to assist the regular nurses, esp ecially w h en ep id e m ics occur. H e also re m arked that the A ss o cia tio n c o u ld do a great d e al to p ro m o te the general welfare, particularly in co n n e ction with the children. A s for the future, he stated that while n o definite plan had yet been a d o p te d in E n g la n d , he th o u g h t that there was o n e in preparation, and he ho p ed in d u e tim e to send informatio n a b o u t it to the C o u n t y D irecto rs in Ulster. Sir R o b e r t K e n n e d y (chairm an o f the C e n tr e ) said he h ad to a n n o u n c e with great re gret the re signation o f Miss F lo re n c e E. H e n d e r s o n as ho n o rary secretary.

A co urse o f lectures on First A i d for ladies will be given by L t.-C o l. F. A . B r c o k s , M . D , A sst.- Com m ission er, St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e Brig ad e, a St. J o h n ’s G ate, C lerk nw ell, on W e d n e s d a y s , c o m m e n c i n g Jan. 7th, 1920, at 6 30 p.m. A l l c o m m u n ic a tio n s respecting these classes should be a d dressed to the Secretary, M iss I. M . Bell, St. J o h n ’s Gate, C le rk en w e li. A class for ge n tle m en will a ss e m b le on the 13th Jan ua ry at 6.30. T h e lecture s bein g given by C o l. Sir R o b e r t A rm stron g-Jones, M . D .

J A N U A R Y , 1920. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 4th.— No. 22 Division, Hospital Saturday Fund. „ 11 th.— No. 23 „ Norwood. „ 18th.— No. 24 „ Lambeth. „ 25th.— No. 28 „ Harrow. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.mJ Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. C H A N G E O F N A M E O F D IV IS IO N . The following change of name has been sanctioned by the Chief Commissioner The No. 24 “ Doulton ” Division will in future be known as the No. 24 “ Lam beth” Division. E F F I C I E N C Y C U P C O M P E T IT IO N . On Saturday, December 13th, 1919, a competition was held in the Gymnasium of the Northampton Institute, for the Efficiency Cup, presented by the late Chief Commissioner, In spector General Belgrave Ninnis, C.V.O. The meeting was attended by nearly all the members of the Headquarters Staff, and number of Ambulance and N urs ing Officers, and friends of the competitors. The result of the competition was as follows :— No. 4 Leytonstone and Leyton Division, 1st, with 92^ marks. No. 7 Toynbee H all Division, 2nd, 88£ marks. Bark ing No. 72 Division, 3rd, 8 i£ marks. M iss Tuck, the Lady Supt. of the Northampton Institute, presented the Cup to the winning team. N E W D IV IS IO N . The following new Division has now been sanctioned by the Chief Commissioner :— “ No. 82 Northern Heights Division.” D U T Y IN H Y D E P A R K . At a meeting of the Chapter-General, held on November 21 st, the following Resolution was passed :— “ Resolved that the Chapter-General, having heard cf the excellent work done by the Prince of W ales’ Corps of the St. John Ambulance Brigade in Hyde Park during the Railway Strike, places on record its keen appreciation of the services of the Officers, Men and Nursing Sisters of the Corps, by whose efforts much suffering was mitigated during the time they were on duty.” (Signed W . H . W IN N Y , Commissioner.

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate ClerkenweJl E.C. IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . No. 3 District. K e t t e r i n g . — Heaquarters Division.— Assistant Commis sioner Harvey Reeves inspected the Headquarters Ambulance and Nursing Divisions on December 9th, and highly compli mented the members on their smartness and efficient work during the war.

December, 1919.

— FIRST

Following the inspection, Corps Supt. Raby announced that they were going to present the Vellum vote of thanks of the Order to their Divisional Supt., Mr. C. Curtis, who for the past 15 years had done such admirable work in connection with the Brigade. The vote of thanks was nicely framed in fumed oak, the cost of framing having been subscribed by the members. In a few appropriate remarks Mr. Harvey Reeves made the presentation. Corps Supt. Raby said another presentation would be made to First Class Sergt. VV. Miller, who would be presented with a silver medal for over 12 years’ service in the Royal Naval Sick Berth Reserve.

No.

D istrict.

L iv e r p o o l.—

Liverpool has always tried to give a good account of its work, but it can safely be stated that the recent re-union of male and female war workers was the most popular and enthusiastic ever held. The Gainsboro Cafe, in Dalestreet, was placed at the disposal of the committee by Messrs. James Cottle, Ltd., who also gave an enjoyable repast which was greatly enjoyed by about 300 members of the S.J.A.B. An hour was spent in a whist drive and dancing, after which supper was served. Colonel C. J. Trimble, C.M.G., V D., the Commissioner, presented long service medals to Ambulance Officer Thos. W. James, Sergt. H. Broadhurst, Sergt. F. Bradley and Nursing Sister Corfield, remarking the great pleasure he had in being present at such a magnificent, gathering of war workers from the important area of Liverpool. The Head Constable of Liverpool (M r. Francis Caldwell) then handed over the certificates, medallions and labels earned recently, stating how much it relieved him when the city was visited by Royalty, etc., to know he had only to ask the S.J.A.B. for squads for street duty when he could rely on hav ing efficient men and nurses ready to meet any accident or emergency. He wished to thank all who had assisted him and especially those who had turned out when air raids were feared. Sir James Barrie, in charge of all military hospitals from Barrow-in-Furness to Liverpool, paid a graceful tribute to the V.A.D. workers who had made it possible to carry on the onerous duty the Great W ar had placed on their shoulders, the majority of cases being brought to this district direct from the battlefields. Mr. Frank Tobin, the local Commandant, emphasied the value of the training given to those who joined the S.J.A.B. and thanked all supporters and workers for the success they had achieved during the past five years. A concert, which embraced some unusual features, brought a pleasantly spent evening to a close. No. 5 District. S h e f f i e l d . — The first of a series of social evenings which are to be arranged by the Corps Social Committee, took the form of a whist drive, which was held at the Im perial Rooms on November 15th. The Committee were delighted to have the presence of, and the presentation of a prize from, Capt. O. F. Buxton, the newly-appointed Corps Supt. T his was the first of the whist drives that Capt. Buxton had attended since his demobilisation, and he heartily appreciated the efforts of the committee in trying to bring the members of the corps, both nurses and men, together for social intercourse. At the close Mrs. Buxton very kindly consented to present the prizes to the successful players. To the officers and a good many of the N .C.O .’s lies the credit for the the most excellent turn out for the Corps Inspec tion at the Norfolk D rill H a ll on November 22nd. During the five years of war, this important ceremony has not taken place owing to members having been on Active Service. The question of uniforms had to be taken up, the mem bers who had “ carried o n ” at home were in khaki— having been enrolled as V .A .D .’s, and those who had been in the Ser vice had no brigade uniform, so that whole corps had to be re-equipped. The writer heard the remark at the Inspection

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that it was marvellous that so many rr.en were on parade, fully equipped, in so short a time. The inspecting officer was Assistant-Commissioner H. C. Else, and there were about 200 nurses and men on parade After the general salute and ceremonial parades, the various Ambulance Divisions separated, and were inspected in stretcl er work, and bandaging, whilst the Nursing D iv is ;on proved that they are still adept at the art of bed and poultice making. At the close of the inspection, the Long Service Medal of the Brigade was presented to the newly appointed Ambulance Officer of “ A ” Division, Mr. Chas. H. Forster, by the inspect ing officer. On the outbreak of war, Ambulance Officer Forster held the rank of Hon. Secretary Sergeant, and joined up with a number of his comrades from Sheffield, returning with the rank of Sergt.-Major. In Sept. issue, under Official Brigade News, No. 5 District, Sheffield Corps, 1st Class Sergt. C. H. Lee should read rst Class Sergt. C. H. Fox. No. 6 District. N e w c a s t l e - o n - T y n e . — In connection with the St. Peter’s W orks Division of the Corps the presentation of awards to successful students of the 1919 class took place on Novem ber 20th, in St. Lawrence H all, Raby-street, Newcastle. Dr. E. F. Pratt. Heaton, presided, in the unavoidable ab sence of the Corps S u p t, Mr. H. S. Crace (assistant works manager of Messrs. Hawthorn, Leslie and Co., Ltd.). Mr. Pratt said he had never met a body of ambulance men who did their work so thoroughly and well as the Hawthorn men, and the result was seen in the splendid trophies they had gained. Mrs. Pratt presented the following awards :— Hawthorn Challenge Cup and medals.— M. Tu lip (capt. , J. K. Elsdon, R. S. Pybus, W. Theobald. Individual prize. — W . Holmes. Northumberland Bronze Shield.— J. Renwick (capt.), M. Tulip, C. Trotter, R. W ears, E. Robson. On the motion of Chief Officer W . Scott, a vote of thanks was passed to Dr. and Mrs. Pratt. An enjoyable dance followed the presentation, the M .C.’s being Sergt. E. Jago and Corpl. W . Robson. Music was pro vided by the Byker and Heaton M ilitary Band.

No. 8 District. C a n t e r b u r y . — The D ir ision, under the command of Supt. W. A. King, was inspected by the Acting Commissioner Col W illoughby Bullock. The inspecting officer expressed himself well satisfied with the result of the inspection, and especially commended the secretary, Sergt. Terry, on the careful way in which the books and records were kept. It was reported that during the year over 200 cases had received attention, and the ambulance maintained by the D iv i sion had proved of great service to the community.

No. 10 District. I p s w i c h . — A competition for the rose bowl presented by S. Hossack was held at Beecholme on Nov. 17. This was the first time the bowl has been competed for since the new Home Nursing Book was published. The tests included bed making (as for a person with spinal complaint), bandaging, and viva voce questions on treatment in cases of fever, haemorrhage, convulsions, operations, etc. Three teams entered, two from Moken Division, captained by Misses Hossack and Parker, and one from Beecholme under M iss Hunt. The task of judging was undertaken by Dr. Charles, who found the teams well matched. M iss Parker’s team with 84! marks took the rose bowl for the year ; M bs H unt’s team came next with 84^ marks, and M iss Hossack’s third with 80-J mades.

The President of the Ipswich Centre of the Association, H er Highness Princess Marie Louise, visited Ipswich on

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Thursday, Nov. 28th, to open Red Triangle House, Y.M .C.A. At the Town H all, where H er Highness was entertained at luncheon by the Mayor, a guard of honour was formed by members of the Ipswich Corps and Ipswich Nursing Corps, in charge of Assistant-Coromissioner Dr. Hossack. No. 12 (Irish) District.

The annual conference of the Irish District was held at 40, Merrion-square on Nov. 13th. Sir John Lumsden, the Commissioner of the Irish District, presided. H e pointed out that although the Red Cross work in which they had been engaged in co-operation with the British Red Cross Society was now over, many schemes and much work of an altruistic character lay ahead. The value of the services of voluntary work, especially women’s work, had been found, and it was hoped therefore that the Brigade would now take a foremost part and a very active share in helping to grapple with the many health and social welfare problems which every patriotic citizen— men and women— should engage in their spare time in helping to ameliorate the lot of those in need of assistance. The Chairman explained the provisions of the agreement recently entered into between the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St. John, and he expressed the hope that the amicable and friendly relationship which happily now existed between the two great Societies in Ireland would continue. In order to make this union a success, however, he considered that a large amount of autonomy should be given to the Irish E x ecutive, as the peculiar difficulties and necessities could only be understood by those who knew Irish requirements. He ex pressed the hope that in connection with the new Irish Health Council, spheres of usefulness would be made known, and that this body, from which the country hoped so much, would give the voluntary worker a chance of taking a share in dealing with the many health problems which so urgently require attention. He believe that the conditions of service would be of a character which would ensure that all units would be under the complete control of their own officers, and that the members of the Brigade would be given every opportunity of carrying on their humanitarian and philanthropic work on thoroughly democratic lines. The following subjects were presented, and were fully discussed : — Women— (1) Progaganda (report of Corps Officer Mrs. Hignett) ; (2) hospital supplies (report of District Officer Miss Overend); (3) invalid requisites (report of Nursing Officer Miss Bothwell) ; (4) baby clothing (report of Corps Officer Mrs. Watson) ; (3) infant welfare, endowment of hospital beds and creche, &c. (report and recommendations of Lady D istrict Supt. Dr. E lla Webb) ; (6) country work (village huts, horse shows, races, &c. (report of District Officer M iss B ruce); (7) assist ance for the blind (suggestions of Corps Officer A. M. F u ller ton) ; (8) orthopaedic clinic. M en— (1) Future W ork Committee (report of Supt. Hey, hon. sec.) ; (2) Brigade Band (report of Corps Officer A. J. M ’W illiam ) ; (3) public duties (horse show, races, &c.) (Corps Supt. J. H. Webb) ; (4) St. John W ar Service Badge ; (5) R .N .S.B .R . (District Officer A. J. C o nn o r); (6) suggestions from Corps Officer M ’W illiam : efficiency, &c.; (7) suggestions from Glenageary Ambulance Division (Supt. H affield ); (8) suggestion from City of Dublin Ambulance Division (Supt. Horne). Sir John Lumsden, K .B .E., Chief Commissioner, presided at the Annual officers’ dinner, in the Gresham Hotel, Dublin, which was attended by some seventy officers of the Brigade. The toasts, which were duly honoured, were “ The King,” “ The St. John Ambulance Brigade,” and ‘ The St. John A m bulance Association.” The principal speakers were— Sir W illiam de Courcy Wheeler, F .R .S .I., Dr. E lla Webb, Mrs. Dease, O .B.E., Mrs. Shanks, Mr. A. L. B. Moore, and Mr. J. H. Webb, all of whom bore testimony to the work done by the Brigade and Association. Speeches in acknowledgment were delivered by Sir John Lumsden and Capt. W C. Stephenson, R.A.M .C.

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A musical programme was contributed to by Madame Fottrell, M iss Rose Fogarty, Miss Phyllis Whately, Mrs. Cormick, Mr. Plowman, and Mr. H. J. Scott.

[practical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to good and bad boints in Treatment— for inclusion in this Column.

M a s k in g o f

S ig n s o f A s p h y x ia .

After a motor accident, three men— more or less seriously injured— were found lying in the roadway. Indeed, one was so gravely hurt that the bystanders, regarding him as moribund, concentrated their services on the other two. Some minutes later, one of the bystanders, a keen First-Aider, suddenly re membered his Textbook (p. 130)— “ ffo not assume death is present , because signs o f life are absent ”— and decided on a more careful examination of the moribund patient. Forcing open the mouth, he discovered that the larynx was obstructed by a large blood clot which was subsequently proven to be due to a Fractured Base of Skull. He removed the blood clot with the result that breathing was re-established and the patient began to throw off the effects of Asphyxia and Shock and to commence his journey towards complete recovery.— C. A., Hampstead. H ome

D an g er s q f G as.

W hile an elderly woman was cooking at her mother’s house the latter put a penny in the gas meter, making the jet spout and set fire to the daughter’s print dress. She ran from house to house in flames and finally fell, and died shortly after ad mission to hospital.— D. M., Fleet-street. H ome

D a n g e r s o f E l e c t r ic it y .

Two recent deaths from misuse of Electricity in the home are worthy of record. In the first a young man, while using a portable electric lamp connected with the ordinary lighting wire, attempted to re-light the lamp which had gone out and removed a piece of the insulation, thus leaving the live wire exposed. M aking contact with his middle finger, he fell and succumbed to Electric Shock on the spot. In the other case, a middle aged man, while immersed in a bath of water, took an electric vibrator attached to the ordinary lighting socket and applied it as treatment for rheumatism. H e gave a cry for assistance, and, when the door was burst open, was found in tbe bath unconscious and grasping the vibrator, one wire of which was subsequently found to be corroded, the result being that the whole machine was “ a live ” with electricity. Death was instantaneous and, as in the other case, due to stoppage of heart’s action. N .B .— These cases emphasise the dangers which are ever present with electricity and which are often forgotten through familiarity and constant use. The second case illustrates especially the fact that water is an excellent conductor and that the use of electricity for purposes of treatment, whether in the home or elsewhere, should always be under the control of an expert.— B. M. T., Strand. W a l k in g

H e r m i p i .e g i a .

W hile on Public Duty one day, I was called to a fainting woman. W ith proper treatment she quickly recovered and told me that a week previously she had a serious attack of giddiness one afternoon and that she had seen a doctor, who advised her to take a holiday “ because her nerves were all wrong.” As she spoke I noticed that her mouth was not working propeily. My curiosity being aroused, I asked if she was conscious of any loss of power in her limbs. She then told me that her left leg dragged slightly when she walked and that her left arm seemed very weak. Suspecting a recent ha-morrhage of the brain, with partial paralysis of the left side of the body, I summoned our Divisional Surgeon, who confirmed my opinion and ordered the removal of the patient by ambulance to the house where she was staying.— B. A., Cambridge.

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Official Brigade G azette. N O V E M B E R , 1919. T h e following appointm ents H .R H . the G rand P rio r :—

have

been sanctioned by

No. 2 D i s t r i c t . District Officer Alfred Gelsthorpe Osborn, M.B., to be Acting Assistant Commissioner for the County of Berkshire, 29.11.19. District Officer Hugh Falkenberg Povrel), M .R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Assistant Commissioner for the County of Gloucestershire, 29.11.19. District Officer Capt. Charles Arthur Coventon, M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P., to be Assistant Commissioner for the County of Oxfordshire, 29.11.19. Major Percy George Darvil-Smith, C.B .E., R.A.M .C.(V)., to be Assistant Commissioner for the-County of Buckingham, 29.11.19. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Corps Surgeon Capt. James Atkin M.D., F.R.C.S.(Ed.), to be Assistant Commissioner for the City of Birmingham, 29.11.19. R e s ig n a t io n .

Assistant Commissioner Capt. L. Whittaker, No. 4 D is trict, resigns his appointment, 14.11.19 T h e C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No 1 D i s t r i c t ( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ). Hampstead Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon Dr. D. H. Fraser resigned his appointment, 12.11.19. Royal Borough of Kensington D ivision.— T. Smyth, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 28.10.19. No. 15 Ilford Nursing Division.— Mrs. Mary W aldron to be Nursing Officer, 13.11.19. M iss Annie Jessie Rymer to be Nursing Officer. 14.11.19. Nursing Officer M iss A. H. Law resigned her appointment, 14.8.19. No. 2 D i s t r i c t . Cheltenham Corps (Cheltenham Nursing Division).— Mrs. Grace Stewart Billings, B.M., B.S., to be Lady Divisional Surgeon and Supt., 28.10.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Shewell, deceased. City of Bristol Corps (B Division).— Divisional Supt. W. Tratt resigned his appointment, 15.11.19. Southbourne Nursing Division.— Katherine M ary Sowden to be Nursing Officer, 7.11.19. Jane C. Banderill to be N urs ing Officer, 8.11.19. Nursing Officer Mrs. Nesta Gordon re signed her appointment, 30.9.19. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Dudley and District Corps.— Divisional Supt. George N. Raybould to be Corps Supt., 25.9.19, vice Corps Supt. W. E . Hartiand resigned and transferred to the Brigade Reserve. D ivisional Supt. W illiam H. Oakden to be Corps Inspector of Stores, 25.9.19. Ambulance Officer Leonard J. Cook to be Corps Treasure”, 25.3.19. Coventry Central Division.— Divisional Supt. H . M. Bethell resigned his appointment, 29 11.19.

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North East W arwickshire Corps (City of Coventry D iv i sion).— David Holmes, B.M., L.R.C.S., to be D ivisional Sur geon, 13.11.19. Sergt. W illiam Hirons to be Ambulance Officer, 13.11.19. Sergt. Herbert W illiam Jackson to be A m bulance Officer, 14.11.19. Wolverhampton D ivision.— Harold W . Hunt to be D iv i sional Supt., 29.11.19, vice Divisional Supt. M orris Christopher resigned. Divisional Supt. M orris Christopher resigned his appointment, November, 19x9, and is placed on the Brigade Reserve. Peterborough D ivision.— D ivisional Surgeon W. P. Bon ner, M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P ., to be D ivisional Supt., 3.11.19. Wellingborough Corps (W ellingborough Nursing D iv i sion).— Nursing Officer Miss M. Audland resigned her appoint ment, 15.9.19. M iss Gertrude Newman to be Nursing Officer, 3.11.19. M iss Agnes Watson to be Nursing Officer, 19.11.10. Melton Mowbray Nursing D ivision.— George Spencer A. Bishop, M .B ., Ch.B., to be Divisional Supt., 18.10.19. D iv i sional Supt. Dr. Furness resigned his appointment, 9.10.19. Nursing Officer Eleanor E. Pacey to be Lady Divisional Supt., 18.10.19. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. A. K. New resigned her appointment, 15.10.19. No. 4 D i s t r i c t . W illiam Maxwell Reekie, O .B.E., be District Officer 28.11.19. W illiam Charles Bentall, F .R C.S.(E.), to be District Officer, 28.10.19. W . J. F. Washington to be Acting D istrict Secretary, 26.11.19. Divisional Surgeon Leonard Star Molloy, D.S.O., M.A., M .D., to be D istrict Surgeon, 28.11.19. Castleton N ursing D ivision.— D ivisional Surgeon Alfred Lomas resigned his appointment, 10.10.19, Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. A. M iller resigned her appointment, 10.10.19. Liverpool Corps (Liverpool Nursing D ivision).— Nursing Officer M iss Martin resigned her appointment, 11.6.19. M iss Julia M cCabe to be Nursing Officer, 15.7.19. Hindley Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Alice Mather resigned her appointment, September, 1919. Mrs. M ary Chalmers Anscow to be Lady D ivisional Supt., 10.11.19. Trawden Nursing Division.— M ary E llen Nutter to be Lady Divisional Supt., 10.11.19. Brierfield D ivision.— Ambulance Officer W . R. Saunders resigned his appointment, 20.11.19. Brierfield Nursing D ivision.— Nursing Officer Jane E liza beth Guy resigned her appointmeot, 24.11.19. Bootle Nursing D ivision.— Mrs. Harriet Caunce to be Nursing Officer, 26.11.19. Nursing Officer A. M. Thomson resigned, October, 1919. Morecambe Division.— Sergt. Charles W illiam Barnes to be Ambulance Officer, 24.11.19. Sergt. M ichael Benson to be Ambulance Officer, 25.11.19. W arrington Nursing D ivision.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. W arhurst resigned her appointment, 2.11.19. W arrington Corps.— D ivisional Supt. John Rose to be Corps Supt. 8.11.19. Manchester and Salford Corps.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Clementina Cowen to be Lady Corps Officer, 26.11 19. D ivisional Supt. Joseph Mellor to be Corps Treasurer, 26.11.19. John Rupert Hendel Albrecht to be Corps Secretary, 26.11.19, vice Corps Secretary W illiam A . Brunt deceased, 4.8.19. Manchester and Salford Corps (Salford D ivision).— Sergt. Thomas Hart to be Ambulance Officer, 3.11.19. Acting Sergt. Joseph Edw ard Fox to be Ambulance Officer, 4.n . 19.

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Manchester and Salford Corps (North Manchester D iv i sion).— H arry Fox Lee, M.B., Ch.B., to be D visional Surgeon, 21.11.19. vice Divisional Surgeon D r. F R. Lazenby, de ceased. Bacup Division.— Ambulance Officer N. Woodhouse re signed his appointment, 17.11.19, and is placed on the Brigade Reserve, Armstrong Whitworth Openshaw Division.— Edwin Evanson Jones, L.R .C .P . & S., to be Divisional Surgeon 28.11.19. N o. 5 D i s t r i c t .

Nottingham Corps (Central Nursing Division).— Miss Mabel Smith to be Lady Divisional Supt, 6.11.19, v 'ce Lady Divisional Supt. Miss G. A. Poyser, resigned, 31.10.19. Nottingham Corps (Stapleford Nursing Division).— Mrs. Clarice Garland to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6.11.19. Nottingham Corps (Great Northern Nursing Division).— Mrs. Annie Jones to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6.11.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Lucy A. Bowler, promoted to Corps Secretary. Nottingham Corps (Beeston Nursing D ivision).--M rs. Alice Smith to be Nursing Officer, 6.11.19. Nursing Officer S. Armstrong resigned her appointment, September, 1919. Brighouse Corps.— Divisional Supt. James H alliday to be Corps Treasurer, 8.11.19. Brighouse Corps (Brighouse North D ivision).- Ambu lance Officer Harold Stott Rastrick to be Divisional Supt., 8.11.19. Brighouse Gorps (Brighouse South Division).— Corporal W illie Fisher to be Ambulance Officer, 8.11.19. Morley and D istrict Corps.— Joseph Harrop to be Corps Supt., 7.11.19. Divisional Supt. Joseph D. Pearson to be Corps Inspector of Stores, 7.11.19. Edgar Mortimer to be Corps Secretary, 26.11.19. W alter Sowden to be Corps Treasurer, 26.11.19. Divisional Supt. Frank E. Buckley to be District Secre tary, 17.11.19, vice D istrict Secretary John Hey, resigned. Lincoln Corps (A Division).— W ilfred S. H Campbell, M.B., Ch.B., D .P .H ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.11.19. Lincoln Corps.— Corps Supt. Robert Ashleigh Glegg,M.D., D .P.H., to be Corps Surgeon, 10.11.19. Brodsworth Main Division.— S. Bunting to be Divisional Svpt., 19 11.19. J. Cawthorpe to be Ambulance Officer, 19.11.19. J. H . Allcock to be Ambulance Officer, 20.11.19. Boston Division.— George Alfred Enderby to be Divisional Supt., 23.11.19. Rotherham Corps (Swinton Division).— S. C. Hatherley, M .R.C.S.. L.R .C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 27.10.19, vice Divisional Surgeon Frank Harvey, left district, 26.9.19. Dewsbury and District Corps (B irstall Division).— Sergeant Thomas Henry Whiteley to Ire Ambulance Officer, 7.11.19. Denaby Main Corps (Wath-on-Dearne Nursing Division). — Mrs. Ann N. W inch to be Lady Divisional Supt., 19.5.19, vice Lady Divisional Supt. M ary Rodgers, resigned, 31.12.18. North Staffs Railway Corps (Newcastle-unde-Lyne D iv i sion).— M. F. Caldwell, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon. 19.11.19. vice Divisional Surgeon Dr. T. H. P. Morris, resigned. North Staffs Railway Corps (Burton-on-Trent No. 1 D iv i sion).— Ambulance Officer Herbert Holmes to be Divisional Supt., 2.12.19. Pontefract and District Corps.— Divisional Supt. George M cN ally to be Corps Inspector of Stores, 25.11.19. Pontefract and D istrict Corps (Pontefract Division).— Se'gt. W alter Banham to be Ambulance Officer, 25.11.19. No. 6 D i s t r i c t .

H u ll Corps (Central D ivision).— Divisional Surgeon M. L. Farm er resigned his appointment and from the Brigade, 11.11.19 Robert Raines, M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P., D .P .H ,, to be Divisional Surgeon, 15.11.19. Eighton Banks Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss Fleetwood resigned her appointment. 2.10.19, and is trans ferred to the Felling N ursing Division of the Felling and D is trict Corps. Derwent Valley Corps.— Ex-Corps Supt. Major J. E.

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Parker was transferred to the Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps with rank of Corps Officer Supernumerary, 30.10.19. Friends Newcastle Nursing Division.— M iss N. McBean to be Lady Divisional Supt., 15.5.19. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Embleton resigned her appointment, May, 1919. Miss Bell to be Nursing Officer, 15.5.19. North Tyneside Corps (Tynemouth Nursing Division).— Jenny Myles to be Lady Divisional Supt., 7.10.19, v>ce Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Catchside promoted to Lady Corps Supt. Beverley Division.— Sergt. James Thomas Ringrose to be Ambulance Officer, 10.11.19. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (Northern D ivision).— Am bu lance Officer R. P. Morton resigned his appointment, 21.11.19. Jarrow Division.— John J. Hanafy, M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 24.11.19. Weardale Corps (Etherley Nursing Division).— Duhn Boman Cama, L.R .C.P ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 8.8.19, vice Dr. Cunliffe. N o. 7 D i s t r i c t .

Shrewsbury Corps (Shrewsbury Town Division).— Ambu lance Percy Allen resigned his appointment and from the B ri gade, 16.11(19. N o. 8 D i s t r i c t .

South Ashford Division.— Ernest E . Wood to be D ivisionai Supt., 6.11.19. Hastings Corps (Railway Division).— Sergt. T. Betts to be Ambulance Officer, 20.9.19 Hastings Corps (Hastings Castle Division),— Sergt. G. H. French to be Ambulance Officer, 20.9.19. Hastings Corps (St. Leonard’s Division). —C. E . Eldridge to be Divisional Supt., 20.9.19. Brighton and Hove Corps Brighton Nursing Division).— D ivisional Surgeon Dr. D. Ross resigned his appointment, 16.8.12. Lydia M. Henry, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Sur geon, 3.9.19. City of Rochester Division.— W illie Cole Firm an to be Ambulance Officer, 1.12.19, vice Ambulance Officer W . Clarke, resigned, 13.3.19. Edmund Farley Cobb to be Amuulance Officer, 1.12.19. W liiam J. Wenborn to be Ambulance Officer 1.12.19.

Maidstone Division.— Arther Silvester Bradley, M .A.,M.B., B.C., to be Divisional Surgeon, 6.11.19. Maidstone Division.— Divisional Supt. J. G. Finlayson, of the Blaydon and District Division, N o .-6 District, is placed on the Reserve of the Maidstone Division, 9.12.19. Dover Nursing D ivision .--Lad y D ivisional Supt. Mrs. C. M. Davies resigned her appointment, 3.10.19. Isle of Sheppey Division.— Sergt. Alfred Owen Reece to be First Class Sergt., 4.12.19. No. 9 D

ist r ic t .

Camborne Division.— Sergt. Edward E . Chaffe to be Am bulance Officer, 5.11.19. N o . 10 D i s t r i c t .

Ipswich Corps.— Acting Corps Secretary Albert C. H ill to be Corps Secretary, 12.11.19, vie Corps Secretary H. B. South gate, promoted. Ipswich Corps (St. John’s Division).— Sergt. Secretary Frederick Ernest Nethercoat to be Divisional Supt., 12.11.19. Divisional Supt. W„ Ramsey resigned his appointment, November, 1919. N o . 12 D

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Inchicore Nursing Division.— Mrs. Elizabeth M cW illiam to be Lady Divisional Supt., 11.11.19. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. F. Forde resigned her appointment, November, 1919. City of Dublin Corps (North Dublin Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer M iss Mabel Bigley resigned her appointment, 1.10.19. Eileen Barber to be Nursing Officer, 5111.19. Dublin Building Trades Corps (Brooks Thomas Division). — Sergt. George C yril Moore to be Divisional Supt., 12.10.19, vice Divisional Supt. W . H. Reynolds, resigned. County of Dublin Corps.— Andrew M cW illiam to be Corps Supt., 24.11.19.

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No. 83 Northern Heights D ivision.— 27.11.19. In charge, Capt. L. H. R. Claydon, 1, Park Hall-road, East Finchley, N .2No. 24 Doulton Division altered to No. 24 Lambeth D iv i sion.— 1.22.19.

The Grand Priory of th e Order of th e - H ospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in England.

N o. 3 D i s t r i c t .

North East W arwickshire Corps (The City of Coventry Division).— 25.9.19. In charge, W. A. Hirons, 166, Stoney Stanton-road, Coventry. North East W arwickshire Coventry Corps.— Coventry Co operative Nursing Division altered to The City of Coventry Nursing D ivision.— 17.11.19. W ilnecote Division.— 25.11.19. No. 5 D i s t r i c t .

Creswell Ambulance Division to be altered to Creswell and Blyth Bridge Division.— 9.12.19. No. 8 D

Chancery oj the O rd er, St. Joh n 's G a te, C le rk e n w e ll, L o n d o n , E . C . , D ec. 2 n d , i g i 9.

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s L a d y o f Justice (from L a d y o f G ra ce) :

The Countess Grosvenor.

ist r ic t .

Hastings Corps (W inchelsea and Rye Nursing Division). 16.4.19. R oll

H onour.

Meatyard, Pte. F., Oxford City, Royal Field Artillery. Nicholson, Pte. G. E., Mansfield, R.A.M .C. A w ards

and

e c o r a t io n s .

Hoddle, Sergt. H. G. (R .N .A .S .B .R .), Olney, Meritorious Ser vice Medal. L ’Estrange, Corpl. E. G., St. Leonards, Distinguished Service Medal. J a m e s R . A n d r e w C l a r k (C o lo n e l),

Chief Commissioner.

A s K n ig h ts o f G r a c e :

The Hon. S ir W illiam Mulock, K.C.M .G . The Hon. Sir W illiam Henry Horwood. Lieut.-Col. Arnold Talbot W ilson, C .M .G , C .I.E ., C.S.I., D.S.O. Surgeon Rear-Adm iral Sir Robert H ill, K .C.M .G ., C.B., C.V.O. Lieut.-Col. Hubert Frederick B arday (from Esquire). General Sir W illiam Thompson Adair, K.C.B. The Lord Lee of Fareham, P.C., G .B .E., K.C.B. Lieut.-Col. Frank Robert Simpson W illiam Henry Chambers (from Esquire). Joseph Maitland W ilson, C.B .E. A s Lady o f G ra ce:

Agnes Julia, The Hon. Mrs. Stephen Henn Collins. A s E s q u ir e s:

St. John V oluntary Aid D etach m en ts. The present strength of the St. John Detachments is 265 Mens’ Detachments and 14,472 members. 707 Womens’ „ „ 29,841 „ 44,313

972

Notifications received record that over 9,000 postings for duties in M ilitary Hospitals have been filled by St. John members. 122 members have been admitted to the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, 237 awarded the Royal Red Cross, 151 Mentioned in Despatches, 701 members’ names brought to the notice of the Secretary of State for W ar, 7,501 W ar Service Bar Certificates have been registered, 308 mem bers have been promoted to Assistant Nurse and awarded the Blue Stripe. It is regretted that 64 deaths have been recorded.

Harold W ilkins, M .B.E. Dudley Evelyn Bruce M cCorkell, M .B.E. Col. Edward Bance (from Honorary Associate). A s H onorary S e rv in g Brothers

H arry Anthony. John Oliver Vaughan. W illiam Gaffney. W illiam Joseph Kirkland. A s H onorary S e r v in g Sisters :

Ethel Kathleen, Mrs. Darvil-Smith. Cicely Mary, Miss Jackson. Florence Ethel, Miss McClelland. Monica, Miss Glazebrook, M .B.E. Hope, Miss Trant. Margaret Frances, Miss Umson. M ary Beatrice, Mrs. Brodrick. Clara Annie, Mrs. Wheatley. Margaret Eleanor, M iss Bigg. Ellen Talbot, M iss Pain. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A ssociates :

V.A.D.

Re=Union

Lunch.

O n the 8th inst. a party o f 96 nursing m em b ers o f the V . A . D . w ho had served in hospitals at S a lo n ica m et at the F lo re n ce R e sta u ran t for a re-union lun ch e o n . M isses P Stu b b s and H i l l were the organisers o f the function and M iss H . M . R o g e r s presided. L a d y O liv e r wrote exp ress ing her regret at her inability to be p r e s e n t ; also several matrons who served with the force were u n ab le to attend.. M iss Ro gers, in the course o f her s p eech, said that idea o f a re-union lun ch had met with the warmest r e s p o n s e a n d it s ee m ed likely to b e an ann ual affair.

Lieut.-Col. John Smith Purdy, D.S.O., M.D. James Campbell H all, M.B. Armstrong Herbert Swift Todd, M .D. Maurice Marcus McCausland. Richard Donald Bain. George Edward Scholefield, M .D ., D .P .H .

C o m m e n c i n g T u e s d a y , Jan ua ry 13th, 1920, Dr. Corbet F le t c h e r will c o n d u c t a course o f lectu res in First A i d in H a m p ste a d . T h e co urse is o p en to al co m e rs aud e n quiries as to place, fees, dates, & c ., o f lecture s, s h o u ld be sent to Mr. C . M . F ow ler, 12, A n co n a -ro a d , H a r le s d e n N .W .

— F IR S T

A ID

TH E

ST.

JO H N

V.A.D’s S u m m ary of W ork for N ovem ber.

AM BULANCE

G A Z E T T E . — December, 1919.

In s t it u t e C o o k e r y .

Bell, Stella, Oxford 2 Booth, Annie, East Lancs. 222 Pitts, Louisa, Devon 78 Sch ool M atr o n s.

T h e work at the V . A . D . H e a d q u a r te rs is still b ein g vigor ously carried on, a lth o u g h n um be rs passing throu gh the H a l l this m o n th sho w a d e c i d e d decrease. Several m e m bers o f the staff h a v e been d e m o b ilis e d ow in g to the fact that it was a nticip ated that w ork w o u ld die down, a n d the present staff can just m a n a ge to k e ep up with the work. M il it a r y

D ep a r tm en t.

I n the M ilitary D e p a r tm e n t there is very little d e m an d for the ser vices o f our m e m bers at the present time, but we are o cca sio n a lly a sk ed to appoint m e m bers to n aval mili tary a n d pensions h o s p ita ls ; 31 requisitions ha ve been re ce ive d during the past m o n th and only 37 nursing m e m bers ha ve been a p p o in te d to hospitals. G eneral

S e r v ic e

D e p a r tm en t.

T h e G en eral S e rv ice D e p a r tm e n t state that there are still a b o u t 1,000 m e m b er s overseas and further m em bers h a v e re ce n tly b e en a sk ed for, so m e for the A r m y o f the R h i n e a n d som e for C o n s ta tin o p le a n d Dantzig. These m e m b er s are to rep lace orderlies and are largely o f the “ expert class,” n amely, clerks, dispensers a n d laboratory assistants. A large n u m b e r o f general service m em bers ha ve been lately transferred from the N o rth o f F ra n ce to a new unit at M arseilles. y T h e E n g lis h ge n era l service section has be en kept bu sy with transfers from various hospitals and the dem cbo lisatio n o f members. W elfar e

Harries, Matilda, Glam. 116 Cave, Zoe, Kent 64 H arris, Constance, Leicester 14 Armstrong, Violet, Down 34 Bosson, Ethel, Lincs. 32 Campbell, Ruth, Norfolk ^ Dawson, Olive, Middlesex 12 N

ursery

S c h o l a r s h ip

D ep a r tm en t.

T h e S ch ola rs h ip D e p a r tm e n t state that four meetings o f the E x p e r t C o m m it t e e ha ve be en held, a n d the fo llo w ing is a list o f m e m bers w ho ha ve been successful in obtain in g scholarships :— Pharm acy.

Cross, Elsie, London 130 Parson, Marion, Devon 96 P h y s ic a l

Cu ltu r e.

S u p e r v is o n s .

elfare

Glenn, Violet, Cheshire 106 General T

r a in in g .

M arshall, May, Carnarvon 12 Gray, Jssie, Glos. 64 G e n e r a l T r a i n i n g (subject to vacancy). Lindley, Lydia, West Lancs. 12 Langford, Annie, Montgomery 20 Likely, Anna, Donegal 736 Lewis, Mary, Carmathen 4 O’Connor, Eleanor, Hants 66 W illis, Viola, Surrey 22 Godley, Mary, Dorset 94 Stainbank, Annie, Kent 96 Lattey, Emma Huxley, Daisy, Sussex 100 Bowman, Ada, East Lancs. 250 Harragin, Mary, London n o Harrison, Marguerite, Surrey 30

D ep a r tm en t.

T h e W e lfare D e p a r tm e n t g iv e a glo w ing a c c o u n t of H artsleep . T h e new matron has started a toy w orksho p in order to giv e the co n v a le s ce n t m em bers an o ccup a tio n o f interest during the winter. A grant has been m a d e by the F in a n c e C o m m it t e e towards initial expenses o f the w orkshop, a n d it is h o p e d that it will, soon p rove selfsupporting. D u rin g the lo ng hours o f darkness in the winter after n oon s a n d evenings it is h o p e d to get up m usical enter tain m ents a n d whist drives, a n d the C o m m i t t e e o f the V i c t o r i a L ea gu e , w hich re n dered s uch great assistance to the military a n d auxilia ry hospitals d u rin g the war, has m o st k in d ly arranged a fortnightly series of lantern lectures on subjects o f in terest c o n n e c t e d with the E m p ire.

N u rses.

Adair, Mary, Co. Dublin 50

M id w ife r y .

Orr, Mary, Belfast 56 Potter, Annie, Sussex n o ' M i d w i f e r y (subject to vacancy). Kelly, Edith (Mrs.), East Lancs. 60 Shepherd, Edith Woodman, Margaret, Durham 86 Fell, Ivy, East Lancs. 238 Smith, Ethel C., Cambs. 36 Thomas, Mary, Glam. 60 Martin, Elizabeth, Notts. 70 Stamford, G. Mary, Dorset 52 Peace, Florence, West Riding Yorks. 152 O’Carroll, Bridie, Galway 4 Pike, Em ily, London 154 Sowden, Florence, Essex 34 Mountford, Mary, Staffs. 32 V

il l a g e

N u rses.

Ford, Beatrice, Hants. 70 Stevens. Daisy, Hants. 224 We members Miss Miss

regret to record the deaths of the following :— Em ilie Wetheritt, West Lancs. 1130 Sarah Clements, London 120

Prytherch, Dorothy, Middlesex 60 M assage.

Penny, Kathleen, London 212 Parsons, Dorothy, Essex 56 Hayter, Violet, Kent 12 Adcock, Olive, Norfolk 64 W illiam s, Marion, Devon 36 Hollins, Amy, Glos. 94 D o m e s t ic

Sc ie n c e .

Livingston, Bessie, Belfast 48

oyal

orough of

e n s in g t o n

( N o . 70 ) D

iv is io n .

— C h u r c h p arade on Sun da y , J an uary 4th, service at St. L u k e ’s C h u rch , W e s t K ilb u r n . Officers a n d m e m b ers of the B r ig a d e in W . a n d N .W . o f L o n d o n are kin d ly invited to s u p p o r t ; parade 2 p.m. W e s tb o u rn e P a r k Station. T h e social and d a n ce will be h e ld at St. M a r y ’s Institute, K e n s ington, W ., on Jan u a ry i n d .

December, 1919

— F IR S T

A ID

TH E

ST.

General L etter of th e Joint V.A.D. C om m ittee to County Directors. D e a r S i r ,— I s e n d y o u the follo w ing for yo ur in fo r m a t i o n .'—

D e c e m b e r i o t b , 19 19 . G eneral

S e r v ic e .

I have been a sk ed w hether G e n e r a l Se rv ice m em bers are to co n tin u e or cease to exist. W e ha ve p ro m ised to co n tin u e posting these m em bers to military hospitals until the en d o f A pril, 1920. A ft e r that da te it is ho p ed that we shall be a b le to enrol properly qualified “ t ech n ica l ” m em bers as o rdinary m e m bers o f our deta ch m en ts. We do n ot wish to co n tin ue to enrol m em bers to do the lower grades o f d o m e stic work, arid we do not wish to ha ve tw o grades o f m em b ers in our detachm ents. G .S . C o n t r a c t s . W h e n sen din g C . D . 17 to G ro s v e n o r G arden s, would y o u kin d ly state w hether the m e m b er in q uestion signed a m o b ile or im m o b ile contract. S o m e m e m b e is sign o n e a n d transfer to the other, a n d when th e y are d e m o b ilis e d difficulties arise in co n n e c t io n with pay unless their papers sho w this alteration. Num ber

G .S . M e m b e r s

P o s te d

th e

C o u n t ie s .

T h e W a r Office has ask ed for the total n u m b e r o f G e n e r a l S e rv ice m e m b er s posted by us during the war. W e have the n u m b e r p osted by G r o s v e n o r G a r d e n s but not the n u m b e r p o sted in the co unties. P le a s e let m e kn o w as soon as possible the total n u m b e r o f G e n e r a l Service m em bers posted by you to M ilitary hospitals in your county. C o m fo r ts

F und.

I am a sk ed by the S ecretary o f the In v a lid C o m fo rt F u n d for ex-prisoners o f war to send you the following n otice :— “ T h e Joint F in a n c e C o m m it t e e o f the British R e d Cross S o cie ty and O rd e r o f St. John, has m ade to the In v a lid C o m fo rts F u n d for.ex-P risoners o f War, the C o m mittee w hich during the war dealt with m e dical supplies to British prisoners o f war, a grant to e nable the F u n d to assist ex-prisoners o f war w hether officers or men. “ T h e n e w C o m m ittee , o f which the ho n o rary secre tary is Mrs. H . R . B r o m le y D a ven po rt, will k e e p in touch with R e d C ross Divisio n al H e a d q u a r te rs throu gho u t the co un try as well as with lo cal P en sio n C o m m ittee s , M inistry o f L a b o u r Bureaux, and the different vo lu ntary and R e g i mental A i d Com m ittees. Its primary care will be to give i m m e d ia te help in properperly auth en tica te d cases to sick a n d d is ab le d e x prisoners o f war, a n d it will help in e m erge n cie s and illness not c a u s e d by war disability a n d therefore not eligible for assistance from the usual sources. “ T h e C o m m it t e e will also act as a Bu rea u o f In fo rm a tion for sick or disabled ex-prisoners o f war in cases where do u b t exists as to the course w hich they s h o uld persue. “ It is h o p e d that C o u n t y D irectors will refer to any suitable cases which m ay c o m e to their n otice to the new C o m m ittee , w hose address is 22, S e c o n d A v e n u e , H o v e Sussex, and will as o cca sio n arises g iv e a ny assistance in their po w er.”

JO H N

AM BULANCE U n it e d

G A ZETTE. —

S e r v ic e s

M essage

L eague.

W ith referen ce to J . V . A . D . 193, o f the 30th O c t o b e r , I ha ve b e en a s k e d to m a k e the fo llo w in g co rr ec tio n s :— 1. T h e w o m e n o f the U n i t e d S e rv ices M a s s a g e L e a g u e are m a n y o f them o ld m e m b er s o f the A l m e r i c P a g e t M a ss a g e Co rps, k n o w n during the latter part o f the war as the M ilita r y M a ss a g e Service. 2. T h e M ilitary M a s s a g e S e rv ic e (fo rm erly k n o w n as A l m e r ic P a g e t M a s s a g e C o r p s ) do e s not c h a rg e a re g is tration fee o f 5 per cent, to its m em b ers. A fee is c h a rg e d by a no ther M a ss a g e S o c i e ty for civilia n work, a n d m y in form ant e vid e n tly c o n fu se d the two. 3. T h e authority o f the M in istry o f H e a l t h w ho was qu o te d as re c o m m e n d in g the the U n i t e d S e r v ic e s M a s s a g e L e a g u e , had d o n e so in a p rivate c a p a c it y and o u g h t n ot to ha ve been m entioned. I m u c h regret that ow in g to the in a c c u r a c y o f the info rm ation g iv en to m e in the first in stance, a statem en t that may in ad v erten tly h a v e s e e m e d s o m ew h a t d etrim en tal to the interests o f the A l m e r i c P a g e t M e s s a g e C o r p s s h o uld ha ve a p p ea r ed in m y form er letter. R e s ig n a t io n s .

I am sorry to say that the fo llo w in g C o u n t y D irecto rs have resigned their office— Sir R o b e r t L ig h t o n o f Here-, ford, C o l . B a d e l e y o f L o n d o n , a n d Sir H a r r y V e r n o n o f W orcester. M a jo r R e d d ie , 16, Silver-street, W o r ces ter , has be en a pp o inted to the latter c o u n ty a n d M a jo r . S c u d a m ore Croft, B u r c o tt H o u s e , H o l m e r , to H e re fo r d . V .A .D . R e -o r g a n is a t io n . W e have heard from the A r m y C o u n c il that they ha ve sent the four resolutions p assed at the V . A . D . C o n f e r e n c e in O cto b e r, to the C o u n c il o f T errito ria l A ss o cia tio n s a s k ing them to asc ertain the views o f all c o u n t y asso ciatio n s and subm it a report to the A r m y C o u n c il. P e n s io n s

H o s p it a l .

N u r s in g V . A . D . m e m bers m ay always wear V . A . D . uniform w hen w orkin g at P e n sio n hospitals with the approval o f their C o m m a n d a n t a n d C o u n t y D irecto r. G e n e r a l S e rv ice V . A . D , m e m b er s w orkin g in P e n sio n hospitals w hich were form erly M ilitary hospitals, a n d w h o were w orkin g there prior to the transfer, m ay c o n tin u e to wear V . A . D . uniform until the e n d o f April, 1920, w hen G e n e r a l Se rv ice ceases. T h o s e G en er al S e rv ice m e m bers w ho ha ve g o n e to P e n sio n hospitals since this transfer must not wear V . A . D . un iform, but work as civilians. Y o u r s faithfully, C h i l s t o n , C h ie f County D irecto r

T h e G re at Priory o f the O r d e r o f the T e m p l e o f E n g la n d a n d Wales, by c o m m a n d o f the D u k e o f C o n naught, the G r a n d M aster, ha ve fo rw arded to Mr. E v e ly n C e cil, Se cre tary-G e n e ra l o f the O r d e r o f St. J o h n o f Jerusalem in E n g l a n d , th e sum o f ^ 1 , 6 3 7 13s. 8d., as a co n tributio n to the fund raised for re instating a n d e n d o w ing the B ritish O p h t h a l m i c H o s p i ta l o f the O r d e r at J erusalem , de stro ye d b y the T u r k s on their e v a cu a tin g Jerusalem.

When corresponding with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid ”

— FIRST

AID —

December, 1919.

c o n n e c t e d with the C e n t r e since its inauguration in 1 0 7 9 ,

CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

she therefo re carried it on for exa ctly forty years, w hich we th in k co nstitutes a record.

E d it o r ia l —

The Agreement and the St. John Ambulance Brigade St. John Ambulance Association ... ... ... D is t r ic t

R epo r ts—

V .A .D .

ha ve

seen

them

••• ... ...

82 83 • 84

... ... ...

... ••• ••• •••

84 84 84 84

on the road clo th ed literally in only

their

w hite

head-dresses

make

ba n da ge s

for

the

w o u n d e d (there is no such thing as a properly-equipped

85 87

Oldest Serving Members of the Brigade ...

87 88 89 9° 91 92 92

...

British

w ent into m on th

A rm y

a ctio n

ago.

jersey.

with

She

the

little print skirt

I know of

o n e girl who

5th D o n C a v a lry B r ig a d e a

p en etrated the

B o ls h ev is t

front line,

... ... ... ...

was bro u ght to a standstill, w hen she swung herself from her horse and began

... ... ...

93 93 93 90 9°

her

Co ssacks.

errand

She

was

m e rcy

re ce n tly for ha vin g

among

a w a rd e d

St. G e o r g e ’s C ro ss by

D e n ik in

fourteen w o u n d e d men

under h eavy fire.” — J. E.

the the

“ b o u n d up K o d g -

s o n in the D a ily E x p re ss

* * * A p u b lic m eeting was held on N o v e m b e r 21st.

The

s u b jec t dealt with was, “ T h e invasion o f the h o m e .”

resolutio n was passed protesting “ a gainst the increasing invasion o f the h o m e as a m e n a ce to in dividal liberty and to the rights the

C o r r esp o n d en ts—

Fracture of Scapula ... ... Treatment of Syncope ... ... Dressing Bandage for Shoulder ... Practical Points from the Textbook Fractured Base of Skull ...

wounded

E d it o r —

A nsw ers to

and

sabring gu nners, and fighting like a m an until the brigade

Official Brigade Gazette... ... ... ... V .A .D . Re-union Lunch ... ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... V .A .D . Summary for November ... ... ... General Letter of the Joint V.A .D . Committee to County Directors ... ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... ... Sheffield Corps’ Saturday Night A ir Raid and Ccnvoy Duty Squad ... ... ... ... ••• League of Mercy ... ... ... ... ••• Railw ay Ambulance Competition ... ... ...

an d

British

... ... ...

T h e St . J o h n A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e —

Q u e r ie s

m e dical service in D e n i k in ’s army), a n d I ha ve met them

M asking of Signs of Asphyxia ... Home Dangers of Gas ... ... Plome Dangers of Electricity ... W alking Hemiplegia ... ...

th e

frighten

sleepin g am id m u d a n d filth, have seen them tearing up

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s —

T h e circu m stan ces in w hich the R u ss ia n nurses work w o u ld

No. 1 ; No. 3 ... ... ... No. 4; No. 5 ; No. 6 ; No. 8 ; No. 10 No. 12 ... ... ...

L e tte r s

* * *

81 82

o f parents

discussion

en ce

two

o ver their ch ildren .”

w orkin g w o m e n

the invasion

the

home

g a ve

their

D u rin g experi

by in spectors

and

health workers.

* * * W e

are pleased to hear that a new district o f the B r i

g a d e has been form ed, w hich will be kn o w n as the South E astern and C h a t h a m R a ilw a y District, w hich will em bra ce t he w ho le o f the So u th E a ste rn R a i lw a y System , with Mr.

B revities.

A . R ich a r d s , the present chairm an o f the C e n t r e as the

first C o m m issio ne r.

W e tak e this o p po rtu nity o f w ishing our readers a bright a n d j o y fu l C h ris tm as a n d a H a p p y N e w Y e a r and

into line.

o f th a n k in g them for all the k in d words o f appreciation th e y send.

V T h e

* *

W e con sider this a m o ve in the right

direction, a n d we h o p e to see the other railway system s fall

W a r Office a n n o un ces that the re d u ctio n o f mili

tary transport re n dered possible by the break up o f form a

I t is p lea s in g to n o te that the inter-railway c o m p e

tions and the co n se q u e n t dispersal o f men to their homes,

t itio n s are to be h e ld in the early part o f next year, and in

as a result o f dem obilisation, has e n a b led

this issue w e p ublish the draft co n ditio n s go v ern in g the

authorities to dispense with the services o f m e m b ers o f the

com petition.

W e belie ve that these com p etitions

have

d o n e a great d e al o f g o o d in stimulating a m b u la n c e work on

W o m e n ’s L e g i o n M o t o r Drivers.

the

military

T h e L e g i o n was form ed

in th e early sum m er o f 1 9 1 5 b y L a d y L o n d o n d e r r y and

the railways, a n d after a lapse o f five years they will

M is s C . Ellis and pro ved to b e not o n ly an entirely in d is

no d o u b t c r e a te a great deal o f interest in railway a m b u la n ce

p e n s a b le body, but by pro vid ing at h o m e for the w hole o f

circles.

the

***

a m b u la n ce s

and

vans,

as well as cars a n d

motor

cy cles, b ein g driv en b y w om en , it a llo w ed a n ot in co n

W e n ote by the a nn ua l report o f the Ip sw ich C e n tr e

s id erab le n u m b e r o f m en to be a d d e d to the A rm ie s in

that M iss B. C o u l c h e r retired from the post o f H o n . Sec.

the Field.

o f the C e n t r e in A u g u s t last.

R e d C r o ss from the time o f its inception.

M is s C o u l c h e r has be en

T h e L e g i o n sup plied skilled drivers

to the

—FIRST

December, 1919

Sheffield Corps’ S atu rd ay N ight Air Raid and Convoy Duty Squad. [ C o n t r i b u t e d .]

W e ha ve heard a great deal during the war o f what our co m rades in the various theatres o f activity ha ve been doing, but what ab ou t those o f us w ho stayed at home. In a great m un it ion centre like Sheffield, it was im p erative that a vast n u m b e r o f men were not able to join the C o lo u rs on a c c o u n t o f their work in the large factories in the city, and naturally, m any o f them were m em bers o f the Sheffield Corps, o f the S . J .A .B . W e ca n n o t go a n d fight— we ca n n o t join the R . A . M . C . W h at can we do to help ? T h o s e were the questions in varia bly a sk ed by our members. T h e answer was soon apparent. - C o n v o y s o f w o u n d e d soldiers began to arrive, and the services o f our m em bers were requisitioned to assist with the detraining o f the w o u n d e d . T h e Germans thought fit to send over their Zepps. and aeroplanes, to

destroy the life and lim b o f the in no cent, and steps had to taken to thwart their intentions. H e r e again, the ser vices o f the St. J o h n m en were re quir ed to man the various t e m porary dressing stations th rou gh o u t the city. I t was soon fo u n d that to d o these duties properly, it was essential to h a v e som e system w hereb y our men co uld be warned that their ser vices were required. It was im p o ssible for the authorit ies c o n c e r n e d to warn each man in divid ually. O u r men were ask ed to vo lu nteer to parade at the O r d e rly R o o m during the w ee k a n d wait for calls. B y this m eans we had a squad o f men stan din g by at h eadquarters each night, w ho were in direct co m m u n ica tio n with the police, fire brig ade, hospital, a n d railway autho ri ties, a n d on re ce ivin g word that the services o f the C o r p s were required, e ach man p r o c e e d e d to warn other men, thus e nsurin g a g o o d p arade every tim e the m em b ers were called out. W h e n a party o f m en ha ve n o th in g else to d o but sit rou nd a fire for four hours, s m o k in g a n d talking, so m ethin g is b o u n d to h a p p e n ; a n d in the case o f the S a turda y night duty squad, s o m eth in g did happen.

AI D. —

T h i s particular squad h a d n ot been m e etin g m a ny nights before s o m e o n e sugg este d a “ F u n d for S o ld ie rs ’ C o m f o r t s .” Instantly the m a c h in e r y was set in m otion, a w e e k ly subscriptio n was fixed, a n d this, a u g m e n te d by s u b scriptions w hich the m e m b e r s them selves o b t a in e d from outside sources, a m o u n t e d to the sum o f ^ 3 5 0 . T o b a c c o and cigare ttes w ere bought, a n d each S a tu r d a y aftern oon the m e m bers o f the s q u a d w ou ld go to the W h arncliffe W a r H o s p ita l to “ d eliver the g o o d s .” It was soon found that s o m e o f the m en w o u ld rather h a v e to b a c c o than cigarettes, but had n o pipe, so o n e m e m b e r u n d e rto o k to ke e p up a regular su p p ly o f pipes, whilst a no ther m e m ber sup plied matches. A s o n e o f the party who w ent on these missions, the writer can testify to the warm app reciatio n o f the w o u n d e d T o m m i e s for our th o ug h ts on their behalf. T o crow n their work, a n d to m ark their app recia tio n o f the g e n ero u s s y m p a th y e x te n d e d to them in their work by the A d m in is tra to r o f the H o sp ita l, L ie u t.-C o l. V in c e n t , O . B . E , the m em bers o f the sq uad had the a c c o m p a n in g p h o to g ra p h taken, an e n la rg e m e n t o f w h ich is to be pre

sen ted to L ie u t.- C o l. V in c e n t , w h o is the ce n tra l figure ot the print. T h e w h o le o f the Sheffield C o r p s realise that their S a tu rd a y night s q u a d is o n e o f w h ich t h e y m a y be e x c e e d ingly proud.

D r. T . C . M u g list o n was p resented with a g o l d w atch from m em bers o f the L o n d o n A m b u l a n c e S e rv ice at the F ire B r ig a d e H e a d q u a r t e rs as a so uven ir o f his a ctiv e a ssociatio n w ith the service for the past three years.

T h e R e d l a n d s D iv isio n 01 the B ris tol C o r p s held a “ W e l c o m e H o m e ” on N o v e m b e r 26th. T h e D iv isio n a l Supt. Mr. A , C o o k e presided. T h e r e was also present the C o m m is s io n e r, Dr. J. S. Griffiths, D istrict S e cre tar y W. B. W illia m s a n d A c t in g C o r p s . Supt. Mr. A . C o tto n . D u rin g the e v e n in g Dr. Griffiths m a d e presen tatio ns to re turned m e m b er s from their fellow m e m bers w ho were u n a b le to serve overseas.

— FIRST

The League of Mercy. B y

th e

P r e s id e n t

th e

AID.St. John, has be en W o r l d .”

December, 1919. the sister, in deed, the o ldest sister o f what d e sc rib ed as “ the jGreatest M o t h e r in the

W anderers’ B ranch.

T h e L e a g u e o f M e r c y has fo un d an e lo q u e n t a d v o c a t e in the gifted co ntrib utor, M r. M a r k Y . Self, w ho m akes such fine app eal in the O c t o b e r n u m b e r o f F i r s t A id for the support o f First. A id e r s to the pre mier organisation for the s upport o f the hospital. A s P r e s id e n t o f the B r a n c h I would like to say how m u c h his article has be en a pp recia ted by the L e a g u e gen era lly a n d by the W a n d er er s in particular. I crav e the hospitality o f your co lu m n s for a brief report on the w ork o f this B r a n c h to date. T o explain the in cep tion o f the W a n d erers may I m a ke a brief p e r sonal note, b e cause as vice-P reiden t o f the L e a g u e som e ten years ago, a n d was instrumental in fo un ding the In dian B r a n ch w hich is still flourishing. T h e d e v e lo p m e n t o f L e a g u e in In d ia has been h a m p e r e d by the fact that various other war activities have c la im e d the attentio n o f the In d ia n p u b lic during the past five years. O n leavin g In d ia on a ctive service I co n tin u e d to work as a vice-president unattached, and in 1 9 1 7 c o n ceiv ed the idea o f a branch w h ich would be organised on a very wide basis o f sy m p a th y , a n d the C o u n c il o f the L e a g u e reco gn ising that there is a large section o f the c o m m u n ity soldiers, sailors and civilians, w ho have no special terri torial interests, s an ctio ned the formation of the W a n d er er s ’ B r a n ch , w hich aims at org anising for the benefit o f the hospitals the instincts o f all who h a v e wandered^ or are still w andering, ro u n d the world. F r o m the first I ha ve e n d e a v o u re d to enlist the interests o f m y co llea gu es and pupils in the St. John A m b u l a n c e A ss o c ia tio n a n d B r ig a d e in this sister Society. I h a v e always, as M r. S e lf did in his c o m p re h e n s iv e article, tried to point to the similarity so aptly illustrated by Mr, Self, be tw ee n the O rd e r o f M e r c y a n d the O r d e r o f St. Joh n, a n d ha ve represented that the L e a g u e bears the sam e relation to the O rd e r o f M e r c y that the St. J o h n A ss o c ia tio n does to the O rd e r o f St. John. T h e W a n d e r e r s ’ B r a n ch o n ly c a m e into bein g last year ( 1 9 1 8 ) , yet its official statem en t that during the first year o f its e x isten ce it h a n d ed over to the central fund over

T h i s year we are d o in g far better, a n d have already sent forw ard as m uch m o n e y as in the previous year, and we h o p e to d o u b le our co n trib u tio n s o f last year. T h e r e is nearly as m uch yet to co m e, for have we n ot now that enthusiastic w orker D r. C o r b e t F letch er as vice-P residen t ? H is zeal and energy for first aid and suffering h u m an ity are proverbial h o u s e h o ld words. T h e L e a g u e aims at small sums from the many, rather than large sums from the few. T h e r e are 50,000 m em bers o f the St. J o h n B r ig a d e ; if each w ould c o n tribute a shilling we w ou ld ha ve an ann ual re v e n u e o f ^ 2 , 5 0 0 . R e m e m b e r that the hospital is the poor m a n ’s nursing h o m e a n d that our L e a g u e seeks to m a ke these ho m es better for the m aim ed, for t h e sick, a n d for the dying. T h e spirit o f m e rcy w hich the L e a g u e was in co r p o ra ted to spread a m o n g st the p eo p le is so w insom e and attractiv e a force that its a b id in g in fluen ce on every W a n d e r e r is to e xte n d our influence a n d draw within our fold the w ho le First A i d fraternity, St. J o h n and R e d C r o s s ; and, w hile our L e a g u e o f M e r c y m a y well be called “ T h e R e d C ro ss o f P e a c e , ” to w hom should it l o o k for help i f n ot to those w ho w ork for its sister organisation,

R ailw ay Am bulance C om petition. A w e l l a tte n d e d meeting o f railway representatives was held at St. J o h n ’s G a t e on the 5th inst., pre sided over by the E a rl o f D o n o u g h m o re , K . P . , D ir ecto r o f the A m b u la n ce D ep artm en t, to discuss the a rrangem ents for resuming the annual inter-railway a m b u la n c e co m p etitio n for the c h a lle n g e shield and prizes presented by the St. Joh n A m b u l a n c e A ssociation . O w in g to the war no c o m p e ti tion has taken place since 1914, w hen the c h a llen g e shield was won by the L a n c a s h ire and Y o r k s h i r e R a ilw a y . It was d e c id e d to hold a co m p etitio n next year, a n d the con dition s were settled by the meeting as f o l l o w s :— C o n d i t i o n s f o r 1920. 1. Any Railway Company, Joint Committee, or Joint R a il way in England or Wales, may send in one, but not more than one, team. Each railway will select its own team. 2. Each competing team must consist of five men, all being bona fid e servants of the Railw ay Company, Joint Com mittee, or Joint Railway, in whose name they compete, and holders of the first aid certificate of the Association. “ Jo in t” servants are not eligible for competition in the team of a parent company, but Joint Committees or Joint Railways may enter a team of their own. 3. The competition shall be judged at St. John’s Gate or elsewhere in London in the third or fourth week of April, 1920, in groups which shall be arranged by the Association in con junction with the railways, and the best eight teams shall be selected by the judges for the final competition, which shall take place at the Portman Rooms or elsewhere in London, in the early part of May, 1920. The marks shall not be totalled until the last team is being judged. In the event of a tie for the eighth place in the group competitions, all the teams tying for that place shall be admitted to the final. In the event of a tie in the final, the tying team occupying the higher place in the group competitions shall take the higher place in the final. 4. Each railway wishing to enter a team must notify the same to the Competition Secretary, St. John’s Gate, not later than 31st January, 1920. 5. Each railway entering a team for the competition may send a representative to serve on the committee for carrying out the arrangements of the competition.'*' 6. Each competing team in the group and final competi tions shall be distinguished by a number known only to the secretary of the competition. No uniform or distinguishing badge is to be worn by any member of the team. 7. The teams shall be judged throughout on the basis of the 35th or later edition t of the official handbook of the Asso ciation “ First Aid to the Injured,” by James Cantlie, D.B., F.R.C .S., as follows (a) Four members of the team if available shall deal with a supposed disability (accident, injury, or sudden ill ness) to the fifth member of the team, who may, if the case is of such a nature as to permit, render assistance by describing the history and symptoms of the supposed dis ability. The patient is to be placed on a stretcher (Furley ordinary pattern model 1899, or, at the discretion of the judge, improvised), and/or such transport effected as is consistent with the test given. The patient shall be selected and the number of each man determined by the railway. It is to be clearly understood that cases of dis

* Note.— The first meeting of this committee will be held at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, London, E .C .I, on Friday, 6th February, 1920, at 3 p.m. t A memorandum showing the corrections in the 32/34th editions will be supplied gratis to possessors of such editions concerned in the competition.

December, 1919.

— FIRST

ability may be set in which it may be unnecessary for the whole of the four men to be engaged with the patient. Reasons may be stated for the treatment adopted, and ex planations may be made as to what would be done in the supposed circumstances if it is not possible to show it by practical work. (b) Each man either by himself or in conjunction with another shall either i. Treat at least one supposed case of disability. (The fireman’s lift shall not be used). ii. Submit himself to a brief viva voce examina tion, or iii. Be judged partly by method i. and partly by method ii. (c) The assistance of bystanders will be permitted in cases where such help is considered necessary. (d) Competitors shall perform their work with reason able expedition having regard to the nature of the case. Superfluous work of any kind and delay or neglect whereby the life of the patient is endangered shall be punished by marks deducted from those obtained for other parts of the work, and in the event of the judge forming the opinion that neglect or delay has caused the death of the patient, as a maximum penalty all marks for that test shall be lost. (e) The use of prepared appliances brought into the competition rooms by competitors is forbidden. The object of this competition is to test the ability of the men to deal with cases under conditions of actual emergency, and this must be borne in mind and acted upon through out the competition. The cases to be dealt with shall be indi cated by a card or cards handed to the appropriate competitor, and the description may in the first instance be incomplete. Competitors are in every case allowed to ask any questions they may think proper'to enable them to give intelligent treat ment. It shall be competent foi the judge to withhold further information if in his opinion (based on the actions and ques tions of the competitors) such information would, if the case were real, not have been acquired. Arrest of Bleeding.— In cases of supposed bleeding, the course of the blood shall be absolutely stopped when digital pressure is being applied, but in the case of the application of the tourniquet, pressure should only be indicated by the posi tion of the pad and bandage, unless the judge requires the tourniquet to be tightened. 8. In the group competitions the officer in charge of any team (not being a medical man), and a reserve man of the team, may witness the work of their team, but no one else except the judges, competition secretary, patients, and, if necessary, “ bystanders ” may be present when a team is being jndged. At the final competition, anyone^except members of teams awaiting their turn to compete, may be present. A committee consisting of a representative of each of the teams competing, shall add up and check the marks. 9. The Challenge Shield shall be held for one year by the railway winning it, at the end of which time it shall be given up and a tablet given in exchange. 10. Prizes will be given to members of all teams admitted to the final competition. 11. A copy of the judging papers relating to its team shall be sent to each railway both in respect of the group and the final competions.

£etters to the Sditor. We are in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the sta'ements made, by Correspondents.— E d ito r, E t c .

O LDEST

S E R V IN G M E M B E R S O F T H E B R IG A D E ? D e a r S i r ,— In these days of record making I should like to ask through your valuable journal, if there are any members of a Corps or Division of the Brigade who can excel the following :— Two regular attenders at our parades, and who have always been, are Sergt. W. A. Banning, aged 78, and

A ID . —

Sergt. W. D. Fell, age 70, each of them with 22 years com plete Brigade service. Are they the oldest serving members? Yours respectfully, H. T. W i l l i a m s , Div. Supt. Headquarters Division, Warrington Corps.

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 . — Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left kana corner of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-strcct, London, E .C . 2.— A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon" cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. — The Textbook, to which rejerence may be made in these columns, is the Revised { i g i f ) E dition o f S .J .A .A . M an ual o f F irst-A id .

F r a c tu r e

Sc a p u la .

W. A. (South Bank).— After tt eating a Fractured Scapula as per Textbook, should we apply a broad bandage round body and elbow as for Fractured C lavicle? Some of us consider it should be applied while others say it is wrong, because it is not described in Textbook. Please decide between us. As the commonest form of Fractured Scapula is a frac ture of neck of the bone, the effects (and signs) closely resemble those of Fractured Clavicle. For this reason and because of increased comfort for patient, I give my verdict to those who advocate a transverse body bandage, whde I regret that this is not the orthodox treatment of Textbook. —N. C o rb e t

F le tc h e r. T r ea tm en t of

Syn c o p e .

S. M. (New Cross).— Recently I was at our local theatre and saw two Brisrade members in full uniform treat a fainting girl by “ stroking her hands” and by “ trickling w ater” into the palms of her hands. The Textbook does not name these methods of treatment, and I shall welcome your criticism. No. Neither does it name “ tickling the toes" nor “ irritating the nose,” because all such methods are futile and cannot “ remove the cause” which in this instance is a feebly acting heart. Alas 1 Some F irst Aiders feel that they must always d.o sotneihing , even if that something be useless and often harmful. They fail to realise that the essential part of First Aid is prevention o f aggravation. Personally I should have removed the girl to fresh air, placed her in recumbent position, loosened clothes, wrapped in a rug or blanket, and left the rest of the treatment to Nature ! !— N. C. F. D r e s s in g

Bandage

for

Sh oulder .

S. L. (Arm agh).— I consider the Dressing Bandage for Shoulder (Textbook, Fig. 63) most impractical, because, when sling is next to skin, no clothing can be put on limb. I contend that dressing cculd be easily fixed in position by a narrow bandage from shoulder round the chest and back under the other arm. Sling can then be applied over clothing. The Bandage is excellent for purpose intended— viz., as temporary emergency measure pending doctor’s a rriv a l- and patient should never be stripped for application of sling, be cause in First Aid removal of clothing is only allowed when

— FIRST

AID.—

December, 1919

absolutely esseotial to the patient’s best interests. For subse quent use as permanent dressing bandage, there are diffi culties, which will not be overcome by using a narrow bandage and which are for doctor to solve if he decides to apply triangular instead of a roller bandage.— N. C. F. P r a c t ic a l

P o in t s

from

T ex tbo o k .

W . A. (South Bank).— W e have received great benefits from your series of Articles on “ Practical Points from Text book,” and much regret that they ended in the October issue. W e would like to suggest (1) that they be pub lished in booklet form so that we can have them always by us for future reference ; and (2) that you give us a page on some Practical Point every month for the benefit of those of us who are beginners in First Aid. (1) I fear that your suggestion is not a practical propo sition in these times. Further, some of the Points are of passing interest only and direct attention to errors in Text book which will, I suspect, be corrected as soon as possible. . The others, and especially those of permanent interest are either already present in my W hy a n d Wherefore in F ir s t A i d or will be included in the next edition of this book. (2) I fear that this suggestion also is impractical. You will, however, have the Column of Practical Points before you each month, and if any point arises therein or from any other source, 1 will, on request, gladly deal with it in this column.— N. C. F. F r a c tu r ed

R e c o r d

A L L ’S W I N E daily justifies it r e c o m m e n d a t i o n by m e d i c a l m e n in all c a s e s w h e r e t h e n e e d for a re liable t o n ic restorative is in d ic a te d .

B ase of Sk u l l .

H. D. (Colchester).— W ith Fractured Base of Skull, if blood or clear fluid issues from ear channels or nostrils, should these be plugged to preven t entrance of septic germs and so av oid inflammation of brain ? If, however, this is correct treatment, might it not cause Compression of Brain ? W hy defy the Textbook, which (p. 106) definitely pro hibits interference? N o ; do nothing except hasten removal of patient to hospital or doctor. This is an instance in which an efficient First-Aider withholds active interference, because plugging ears and nostrils— far from preventing) Sepsis— is more likely to precipitate this complication and also Com pression of the Brain. See W hy and Wherefore in F ir s 1 A id (p. 51).— N. C. F.

In deed, a lik e and

H. L. (Woodhouse).— In the October issue I note the “ Prac tical P o in t” which states that a man suffering from F rac tured Base of Skull w alked into hospital. I have always understood that a patient with such a fracture would be totally unconscious. Please (1) help me in my difficulty and (2) tell me the dangers of Fractured Base of Skull. (1). The Textbook g iv e s only one condition in which insensibility is invariably present, and this is Epilepsy. In all the other conditions named the insensibility may be complete (and immediate), may be p a r tia l (possibly passing to com plete), may be delayed and may be absent. W ith Fractured Base all these four apply, and in the case quoted insensibility developed late and then quickly passed on to coma, because a blood clot was gradually formed within the skull and ultimately caused death by Compression of Brain. (2). Fractures of Base are always serious, though not necesarily fatal, and much depends on the position and extent of the injury. The three common dangers of First-Aid (see A id s to F ir s t- A id , p. 43) apply to this (as to other fractures, wounds, scalds, burns, &c.)— viz. : (1) Shock, with or without damage to Brain ; (2) H am orrhage,, external or concealed, arterial or venous; and (3) Sepsis with infection of lining of Brain (meningitis). Lastly, Fractures of Base are usually compound and for this reason most liable to the danger o^ Seps's. (Swinton) asks if members of the Brigade who were mobilised in August, 1914, and did not serve overseas are entitled to the General Service and Victory Medals. At present only those who served overseas are entitled to the?e medals, but the matter is under discussion by the authorities.

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— FIRST

AI D. —

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-F IR S T

December, 1919

AID.— M ANUALS

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F IR S T -A ID .

T h ir d E d it io n . P r i c e i o d . , p o st fre e. D i f f i c u l t i e s l a S t u d y a n d T r e a t m e n t s o l v e d b y Q u e s t io n a n d A n s w e r .

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By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C.(Cantab), M.R.C.S

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F IR S T

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A ID

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TH E

-----

AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 3 0 7 .- V o l . X X V I

JANU ARY,

____________________________

N O T IC E

GAZETTE.

DALE.

1920

j T h e p u b lic are aware

READERS.

... ™ CE4 threepence

[3 / 0

that,

P er

A n n d m ,

a ctin g

P o st

m e n d a tio n o f the C e n t r a l D e m o b i li s a t io n

F r

the

recom

Board

(w hich

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

in turn co n su lte d the C o u n t y D e m o b ilisa t io n C o m m ittee s ),

Its aim and object being the advancement ox Ambulance Work in all its branched, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers.

ap p ro x im a te ly , to ^ 1 , 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 to hospitals,

tutions a n d

bo dies

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for kublicatitn) by the name and address of the Correspondent.

restoration

Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers, D A LE, REYNOLDS & CO.,

we ha ve alrea d y m a d e grants in this co u n try a m o untin g,

hom es,

nursing

associations, ca p a b le

men

and of

in ju red

o th er

re n dering in

the

dition o f these grants has b e e n that, priority is to be given

the

c o n v a le s c e n t k in d re d help

war.

w herev er

cla im s

insti

the con

possible,

e x-co m b a tan ts

a n d their d e pe nd en ts. T h e a cco u n ts o f the Join t W a r F i n a n c e C o m m i t t e e to D e c e m b e r 31st, 1 9 1 9 , will be m a d e up a n d p u b lis h ed as

L t d .,

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E .C . 4.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London.” Telephone No. 5471 Bank.

early as p ra cticab le in

1920.

T h e s e a cco u n ts will show

n ot m erely the totals o f our receipts a n d e xp en d itu re since the o u tb re a k o f war, but w hat our asc erta in e d liabilities an d our undistributed assets are at the e n d o f the current year.

ED ITO R IAL.

T h e p u b lic have alrea d y b e en n otified that the British R e d C r o ss S o c ie ty and the O r d e r o f St. J o h n ha ve form ed

The Red Cross Fund. a-half years.

A t the end of last year Sir R o b e r t

a new J oiu t C o u n c i l for p e a c e w ork.

H u d s o n , chairm an

I n the e arly days o f

Join t

War

the year this Join t C o u n c i l will be e sta b lish ed in its head

F in a n c e C o m m i t t e e re n dered his

final

offices at 19, Berke ley -stre et, W .

o f the

a c c o u n t o f the great

Fund

he was in charg e

nearly

for

o f w hich five-and-

D u rin g this period the hu ge sum o f nearly

T o it the J o in t W a r

C o m m i t t e e will de lega te s uch o f our co n tin u in g w ork aris ing out o f the war as c a n n o t yet be w o u n d up, a n d the Join t

W ar

F inan ce C o m m ittee

will

p ro v id e

the

funds

^ 1 9 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 was co llected, a n d a lth ou gh there m ay

re q u ired for ca rryin g o u t that work.

few m ore co llectio n s to c o m e

c o u n c il m ay b e e x p e c le d to d e v e lo p o th er activities proper

from

distant

the E m p ir e it it is now c o n sid e re d as clo sed.

parts

Sir R o b e r t

ing in our h a n d s to-day is a very

m oney

large one.

Our

19 1 8 ,

pri

T h u s ends o n e o f the m ost r e m a rk a b le funds in the

But pro

factory manner, a n d the d e b t o f the war to Sir

sickness a n d suffering.

the

T h e Join t W a r

ge n era l

new w ork an a p p ea l will

history o f the n ation w h ic h has clo s ed in s u ch

realised.

ginal purpose m a y be d e v o t e d

that

C ro ss in the years o f war.

W a r C o m m it t e e , ca nn o t be usefu lly

for

p u b lic w h ich has g iv en s uch m un ificen t h e lp to the R e d

vides that any surplus which, in the opin ion o f the Joint app lied

and

re m a in

in relieving the n ee d s o f men injure d in the war. A ct,

tim e j

do u b tles s be m a d e in d u e season to the sam e g e n ero u s

mary d u ty is, and always has been, to a p p ly the m o n ey

the R e d C r o ss a n d O r d e r o f St. J o h n

peace

m on th

H u d so n , writing to the Tim es at the en d o f the p o in ted o u t that the balan ce o f un spen t

I n tim e the new

its

ori

Robert

satis

o f the sick a n d w o u n d e d

H udson

will

never

fully

relief o f

C o m m it t e e

and

the Join t W a r F in a n c e C o m m i t t e e must rem ain is exist e n c e so lo n g as a ny o f our F u n d is un distributed.

U n d e r a p p o in tm e n ts s a n ctio n e d by the G r a n d P r io r in the Official B r ig a d e G a z e t t e the n a m e o f C o r p s S u r g e o n C a p t . Jam es A t k in sh o u ld re a d C o r p s S u rge o n Tames A tk in H e n t o n W h ite, M . D . , F . R . C . S (E d . ) J °

— FIRST

Jh t Grand Jriorg of the Order of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BULANCE

D EP A R TM EN T.

Jhe St. John .Ambulance Srigade. No. 1 D istrict.

D ISTRICT ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r :

W . H . W IN N Y , O .B.E.

F E B R U A R Y , 1920. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 1st.— No. 29 Division, Walthamstow. „ 8th.— No. 30 „ East London. „ 15th,— No. 33 „ Bermondsey and Walworth. „ 22nd.— No. 37 „ G.W .Ry. „ 29th.— No. 38 „ L.B. & S.C.Ry., Victoria. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. B U G LE BAND. The Commissioner wishes to notify members of the Bugle Band that arrangements have now been made for the prac tices to be held at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, on the first and third Friday in each month, at 8 p.m. sharp. A ll members of this band are asked to attend these practices as regularly as possible. ANNUAL RETURN S. Officers and members in charge of Divisions are reminded that the Brigade Year terminated on December 31st, 1919. The annual returns, viz., B .F .i in triplicate, B .F.3 and B .F .5 should be correctly filled in, signed and forwarded to head quarters at the earliest possible moment. Attention is called to the fact that delay in submitting these forms will result in delay in granting Stars, etc., to mem bers who have qualified for them, as they will not be applied for until the Annual Returns are sent in. As regards demobilised members, officers and members in charge are reminded that only members demobilised since March 31st, 1919 will be excused for Annual R e examination. Members who have not been excused from attending the Annual Inspection are liable to lose their efficiency. A N N U A L D IV IS IO N A L M E E T IN G S . It is pointed out that the Annual Meeting of Divisions should be held as early as possible in January. At this meeting the Divisional Accounts, after being audited, should be submitted to the Division for approval. As soon after the meeting as possible the Minute Book, with the audited Balance Sheet pasted in it, should be forwarded to headquarters for Inspection. T R A N S FE R OF M EM BERS. Attention is drawn to the fact that when members are transferred from one district to another form B.F.4 must be filled in by the Superintendent of the Division to which the member belongs. The form should then be submitted to the Commissioner of that District, who will sign the form and forward it to the Commissioner of the District to which the member is transferring. Particulars will be noted on Records at headquarters, and the form will then be sent by the Commis sioner to the Superintendent of the Division to which the member is transferring. An application form, Membership form, marked “ T rans fer,” must then be submitted to headquarters by the latter officer for registration. R O Y A L N A V A L S IC K B E R T H R E S E R V E , L O N G S E R V IC E M E D A L . W ith reference to Brigade Order No. 348, the Chief Commissioner has issed the following supplementary infor mation ;—

AI D. —

January, 1920

R.N .A .S.B .R . Long Service Medal.— Endorsement of Service Certificates. W ith reference to my letter of 9.12.19, I am now advised by the Admiralty that it is necessary for the Cer tificates of Service of Reservists receiving the Naval Long Service Medal to be endorsed by the issuing authority of the Admiralty. These Cartificates should therefore in future be sent to me by registered post after the Medal has been issued. (Signed W . H. W IN N Y , Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenw ill E.C,

Commissioner.

IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . H a m p s t e a d ( N o . 20) D i v i s i o n — On Tuesday, Dec. 16th, the members of this Division assembled for their annual dinner, under the chairmanship of their hon. surgeon, Dr. N. Corbet Fletcher, at the Refectory, Golders Green. The chairman, proposing the toast of “ The Brigade,” said that the Brigade— the membership of which to-day totalled 65,500 men and women— was founded in London in 1887 as a civilian corps for civilian emergencies, was consolidated as a national organisation in 1893 at a conference of Brigade officers held at Northampton, and was first officially recognised as of national importance in 1899 at the outbreak of the Boer W ar, when 2,000 out of its total strength (5,000) volunteered and served as trained hospital orderlies in South Africa. He further stated that the Hampstead D ivision had for 24 years maintained continuously a corps of fully trained men to deal with the ambulance requirements of Hampstead and of head quarters, and that it was now established in the Y.M .C.A. Hall, Willoughby-road. T his toast being duly honoured, the Brigade song (recently republished in F i r s t A i d and set to music by Private Ottewill) was sung, and D istrict Surgeon Dr. Cecil M acFadden, reply ing for headquarters, referred to his long association with the Hampstead Division, to the uncertainties of volunteer ambu lance work in the post-war reconstruction period, and to his confidence on the support which all members of the Brigade would afford to the efforts of headquarters to protect their interests. Ambulance Officer C. T. Osborn (who was one of the founders of the Division and took charge during the absence on Service of Supt. Major J. T. Hudson, D.S.O.), proposing the toast of “ Our Visitors,” welcomed the ladies whose pre sence was a pleasing post-war innovation, the members who had safely returned from the war, and the representatives of other divisions. Replying to this toast, Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B., C.M.G. R.A.M .C., who for 7 years was general secretary of the Ind an branch of the Association and organised the first Brigade division in that country, congratulated the Division on its long and splendid record of efficiency and urged all members of the Brigade to combine together for the attainment of their objects. Supt. Langley Jones conveyed the fraternal greetings of Southend and expressed the opinion that invitations to mem bers of other divisions on such occasions served the double purpose of fostering the freemasonry of the ambulance move ment and of linking up the Brigade. The district surgeon then presented the cups and other prizes awarded annually for individual and section competition, the Hoare Efficiency Medal being won by Private F. Edwards, the Efficiency Pendant by Private Reed Evans, the Woodgate Cup by Private Tull, and the H irst Cup by the team captained by Sergt. B. Norwood. After this, Inspector Thompson gave away the certificates awarded by the committee for air-raid duties, and stated that the Hampstead police appreciated the assistance of their com rades in the brigade. A splendid musical programme was provided, under the

— FIRST

January, 1920.

able management of Private Ottlewill, and the social gathering terminated with votes of thanks to the chairman, the artistes, and Private Reed Evans, to whose energy was mainly due the organisation of a most happy and successful evening. On Tuesday, January 6th, the division held their twentyfifth annual general meeting in the Y.M .C.A. H all, Willoughbyroad, where headquarters are now established. The'secretary, treasurer and other officials presented satisfactory reports, and the Brigade year opens with the prospect of many pleasant meetings, alike for drill and social purposes. W

im b l e d o n

and

M e r t o n ( N o . 7) N

u r s in g

iv is io n .

— D ivisional Secretary Hope Clark has sent a report (included in “ Practical Points” column) of first-aid treatment recently administered by Nursing Officer Brennan in a case of accidental amputation of left arm and other injuries. W e note with pleasure that consequent on excellent and efficient treatment under circumstances of exceptional difficulty, the patient, in spite of his grave injuries, is now well on the road to recovery. Ne. 2 District.

Mrs. E. Locke, the Lady Supt. of the Nursing Division, after many years service, has retired. In appreciation of her services, a presentation was made to her on Jan. 8th, when the nursing sisters with Col. and Mrs. G. Twiss, had a social gathering at the R .G .A . D rill H all. Great efforts had been made by Miss Graham Smith and her helpers to make the affair a real success, and their expectations were realised. On behalf of the Division, M iss Graham Smith extended a hearty welcome to Mrs. Twiss, it being her first appearance as Lady Supt. of the Division. Col. Tw iss responding, said that Mrs. Twiss had done and would do her best for the division in which she had a very great interest. The gift to Mrs. Locke took the form of a large oval silver tray engraved with the St. John badge, and the inscription, “ Presented to Mrs. E. Locke, Lady Supt. of the Southampton Nursing Division, upon her retirement, as a mark of esteem from the members.” In presenting it, Col. Tw iss spoke in glowing terms of Mrs. Locke’s work. H ardly a day had passed but that she had done something for the soldiers under their care during the war, and she had made a friend of everyone in the division. It was his hope that Mrs. Locke might remain on the committee for many more years. No words could express her gratitude for their kindness in giving her the gift, said Mrs. Locke, and the tray would be handed down with pride to her grandchildren. S o u t h a m p t o n .—

AI D. —

99-

and their work in connection with the railway rest-stations were worthy of the highest commendation. The W orking Men’s College D ivision of the Corps had a welcome home function on January 1st, Mr. W . S. Lovell pre siding, and a most enjoyable evening was spent. No. 4 District. B i r k e n h e a d .— Last month Dr. f M acFarland was pre sented with a framed certificate of life membership of the S.J.A.A., in recognition of his valuable services for ambulance work in the town, the presentation was made by Mrs. W . Johnson. Dr. M acFarland, in receiving the certificate, said he was intensely interested in the work he had been able to do for the Association. There were no people like the St. John’s men, and that was not the first time he had had the privilege of receiving recognition at their hands. W hat he had done was very little, and he was only too pleased to help in this work of first aid.

No. 5 District. B o s t o n .— Boston has secured a motor ambulance from the Joint W ar Committee and this will be in charge of the Division. A local committee has been formed which will undertake the maintenance and charges, etc, the secretary of the committee being Supt. G. A. Enderby. The ambulance should prove a great boom to the town and outlying villages. S h e f f i e l d .— The second of a series of W hist Drives organised by the Special Committee of the Corps, was held at the Im perial H all, Pinstone-street, on Saturday, December 20th. The Nursing Division expressed a wish that the Lady Divisional Superintendent, Mrs. W aller, should received the Order of Honorary Serving Sister at this function, she having been “ presented” with it in London just previously. Accord ingly, after the interval, Capt. Buxton, the Corps Supt., per formed this ceremony, and Mrs. W aller was the recipient of many congratulations during the rest of the evening on having gained such a much coveted honour.

No. 6 District. H u l l .— W e regret to learn of the death of Mr. Richard Stater at the ripe old age of 89. One of the founders locally of the ambulance movement he was one of the first to receive a medal at the hands of the late King Edward. U n til quite recently M r. Slater was an active member of the Brigade, being present at several of its gatherings.

No. 3 District. L e i c e s t e r .— The committee of the Leicester Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association recently issued its 39th annual report along with that of the Corps. The instruction classes last winter were fewer than in war years. It was naturally found that after so strenuous time rest was necessary both for instructors and helpers. Thirteen classes in first aid, home nursing and home hygiene were held, at which 419 men and women received instruction, 324 were examined, and 272 passed. The Corps Supt., in the course of his report, states that the accident and invalid transport service had done splendid work in Leicester and the county ; 799 cases of removal were undertaken, in addition to 174 responds to calls to hospitals and private houses, tnaking a total of 973 cases attended. The distance covered in the county alone totalled 2,827 miles. The work of the ambulance and nursing divisions con nected with the V .A .D . organisation had been most praise worthy, and the transport work in that connection had been thorough, especially the transporting of the wounded from the railway stations to the hospitals. The willing services rendered by members of the nursing divisions in attending to the com forts of the wounded upon the arrival of the hospital trains

No. 10 District. I p s w i c h .— A dinner was held at Ipsw ich on January 9th, when over 200 men who had served at home or abroad under the Red Cross flag in the S.J.A.B. or V.A .D . were present. The County Director for Suffolk, Mr. J. M aintland W ilson, presided, supported by Col. G. S. Elliston. The chairman proposed the toast, “ The St. John Am bu lance Association and the Voluntary Aid Detachments.” He had taken upon himself to propose the toast because he felt so very strongly that he wanted himself to say a word of welcome to those members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the V .A .D .’s who had returned from active service, and also to personally thank those members of the ^brigade and detach ments who had done such splendid work at home. Col. G. S. Elliston, in responding, said the chairman had referred to his long service with the Association and Brigade. In January, 1880, he had the privilege of instructing a Great Eastern Railw ay class at Ipsw ich Station. That was really the first railway class in the country which was instructed and examined. People smiled at the idea, and thought they were faddists, but the movement continued and spread, and the St John Ambulance Brigade became established as one of the great institutions of the country.

IOO

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J O

JO H N

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Official Brigade G azette. D E C E M B E R , 1919. A p p o in t m e n t s , & c .

H .R .H . the Grand Prior of the Order has approved of the formation of a new District of the Brigade to be known as the “ South Eastern and Chatham Railway District,” 19 12.19. H .R .H . the Grand Prior has sanctioned the following appointments, with effect from 19.12.19 :—■ C o m m is s io n e r .

Ernest A. Richards, Esq., to be Commissioner of the South Eastei and Chatham Railway District. A s s is t a n t C o m m is s io n e r s .

District Officer Arthur Vernon Davies, Esq., M .B.E., M .B., for the County of Lancashire, No. 4 District. District Officer Frank de Beho Pim, Esq., L.R .C .P ., for the County of Lancashire, No. 4 District. District Officer W illiam Stanley Woodcock, Esq., M .B.E., for the County of Lancashire, No. 4 District. District Officer W illiam Clare Lees, Esq., for the County of Cheshire, No. 4 District. District Surgeon Major Edward Burdett Pooley, L.R.C.P., for the County of Westmoreland, No. 4 District. A c t in g A

s s is t a n t

C o m m is sio n e r s .

District Officer Francis Frederick Simpson, Esq., for the County of Worcester, No. 3 District. Divisional Surgeon and Supt., Daniel M cColl, Esq., M .B. (Tamworth Division) for South Staffordshire, No. 3 District. Capt. L. W hittaker, who resigned his appointment as Assistant Commissioner, No. 4 District, is placed on the Reserve. T h e C h i e f C o m m is s io n e r has san ctio n e d the following app o intm ents, prom otions, transfers a n d r e s i g n a t io n s :—

No 1 D i s t r i c t ( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ). No. 22 Harrow Nursing Division.— M iss Evelyn Pitcairn to be Nursing Officer, 10.12.19, vice Nursing Officer Miss Birch, resigned. East Croydon and Addiscombe Nursing Division.— N urs ing Officer M iss Janet Campbell to be Lady Divisional Supt., 21.11.19, vice Mrs. Morris Chapman, A .R .R .C., resigned. Post Office Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon M issE . S. Cooke resigned 29.12.19. Bromley Division. - Divisional Surgeon Col. H . Yolland resigned, 30.10.19 No. 2 D i s t r i c t .

Southampton Corps (Southampton Nursing Division).— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Locke resigned her appointment, 12.12.19. Romsey Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. M iss K. W atkins resigned her appointment, 12.12.19. Oxford Corps.— Divisional Supt. and Surgeon Francis Henry Dickson, M.B., Ch.B., to be Corps Supt., 12.12.19. Oxford Corps (Clarendon Press Division).— Frank Gower Gardner, M .R.C.S., L.S.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 12.12.19. Reading Division.— Ambulance Officer A. H . B lackall to

AM BULANCE

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G A ZETTE. —

January, 1920.

be Divisional Supt., 12.12.19. W illiam Hartnett, M .D., to be Divisional Surgeon, 14.11.19. Buckingham Division.— Sergt. E. A. Bishop to be Ambu lance Officer, 19.12.19. Slough Division.— Ambulance Officer J. E. P. Batt to be D ivisional Supt., 26.12.19. Sergt. H. Smith to be Ambulance Officer, 26.12.19. No. 3 D is t r ic t . Northampton Corps (Daventry Nursing D ivision).--M iss B. C. Billington to be Nursing Officer, 12.1 19, vice Mrs. E. W right, resigned, November, 1919. Northampton Corps (Headquarters Nursing Division).— D avid Stone, M.D., C.M., to be Divisional Surgeon, 13.12.19, vice Dr. W. H . Chamberlain, deceased. Birmingham Corps (City D ivision).— Edw in Elliott to be Ambulance Officer, 19.12.19. Dudley and D istrict Corps (Dudley D ivision).— Corps Sergt. Charles Ollis to be Divisional Supt., 13.12.19. Northampton Corps (Headquarters Division). — Sergt. F. W . Fletcher to be 1st Class Sergt., 15.12.19. Sergt. G. Hines to be 1st Class Sergt., 15.12.19. Leicester Corps (Leicester Nursing Division).— M iss Flor ence Fletcher to be Nursing Officer, 17.12.19. Northampton Corps (Daventry Nursing Division).— Nurs ing Officer Mrs. M. G a'rard to be Lady Divisional Supt.. 31.12.19. Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. E . B. W illoughby to be Nursing Officer, 31.12.19. No. 4 D is t r ic t . W arrington Corps.— Divisional Supt. Hugh Thomas W illiam s to be Corps Inspector of Stores, 15.12.19. Ambu lance Officer Thomas Cawley to be Corps Secretary, 15.12.19. Ambulance Officer Albert Edward Spann to be Corps Treasurer, 15.12.19. Dukinfield Nursing Division.— Mrs. Martha Challenger to be Lady Divisional Supt., 2.12.19. Bacup Nursing Division.— M iss E m ily Thompson to be Nursing Officer, 4.12.19. Oldham Nursing Division.— M iss Lucy Pugh to be Nurs ing Officer, 9.12.19, y ice Miss F. Eastwood, resigned. Manchester and Salford Corps (Ford Motor Division).— Alfred George Holt to be D ivisional Supt., 17.12.19. Dr. W. M. Johston to be Divisional Surgeon, 17.12.19. Manchester and Salford Corps (North Manchester Nurs ing Division).— H arry Fox Lee, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 18.12.19. Warrington Corps (Crossfield Division).— John Albert Howard, M .B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 6.12.19. Bolton Corps (Horwich Division).— W alter Farnsworth to be Divisional Supt., 29.12.19. John Edward England to be Ambulance Officer, 29.12.19. Lancaster Nursing D ivision.— W illiam George, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.12.19. Elizabeth J. Hud son to be Lady Divisional Supt., 10.12.10. Altrincham Nursing Division.— Robert Reid Duncan, M.B., Ch.B, D .P .H ., to be D ivisional Surgeon, 22.12.19. No. s D is t r ic t .

Hanley and D istrict Corps (Hanley Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. M. Jervis to be Lady Divisional Supt., 2.12.19, vice M issD . G. Read, resigned, 5.11.19. Huddersfield Corps (Huddersfield Railw ay Division).— Sergt. Tom Henry Sill to be Divisional Supt., 13.12.19. Sergt. Alfred Sheard to be Ambulance Officer, 13.12.19, vice Ambu lance Officer Kershaw, deceased. Halifax Corps (H alifax Division).— Sergt. G. F. Wellman to be Divisional Supt., 8.12.10,

January,

i 9 20,

—

# IR S T

A ID

TH E

ST.

Barnoldswick Division).— Sergt. Alfred Starkie to be Divisional Supt., 6.11.19 Corpl. George Hartley to be Ambu lance Officer, 6.11.19. Lincoln Corps (Lincoln Nursing D ivision).— W illiam Sharrard, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 1.12.19. Morley and Ardsley Corps (M orley Nursing Division).— Andrew H. Clark, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 2.12.19. Miss Sarah A. Jackson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 2.12.19. Miss Em ily Smales to be Nursing Officer, 2.12.19. Biddulph and District Corps (Biddulph Division).— Ambulance Officer Arthur Jukes to be Divisional Supt., 19.12.19. Bentley Colliery Division.— Donald MacGregor to be Ambulance Officer, 29.12.19. Mansfield Division.— Ambulance Officer G. W . Nicholson resigned, 22.12.19. North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— Corps Secretary R. Bagnall resigned 8.12.19. W illiam W alker to be Corps Secre tary, 22.12.19. Rotherham Corps.— Corps Supt. Major J. D. R. Phillips resigned his appointment, 9,12.19, and is placed on the Brigade Reserve. Melton Mowbray Nursing Division.— Mrs. Alice Blakeney to be Nursing Officer, 24.11.19. N o. 6 D is t r ic t .

District Staff.— District Officer Dr. F. W. Burn resigned, 21.11.19. H u ll Corps (E arle’s Shipyard Division).— John W illiam Sayner to be Divisional Supt., 27.11.19. Gordon Backhurst to be Ambulance Officer, 27.11.19. Felling and District Corps (Heworth Nursing Division). — Miss M ary Chapman to be Nursing Officer in charge of the Division, 28.11.19. Dunston-on-Tyne D ivision.— Edward Strom to be D iv i sional Supt., 19.12.19, vice E . Parkin, resigned. A lb e rtR . Porter to be Ambulance Officer, 19 12.19. Jesmond Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer M iss May Hutchinson resigned, 23.12.19. Bridlington Y.M .C.A. Division. - Ambulance Officer Appleby resigned, 18.12.19. H u ll Corps (Young People’s Institute Nursing D ivision).— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Beevers resigned, 27.11.19. Eighton Banks Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Crawford resigned, 20.12.19. Malton and Norton Division.— Divisional Supt. S. Roe re signed, 7.12.19. Elsw ick W orks Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Brackenbury resigned, 16.12.19. Percy Main Division.— Mr. Charles Norman Baister has been appointed an Honorary Member of the above Division in recognition of his services to the Division. North Ferriby D ivision.— Divisional Supt. H. Harvey re signed, 17.11.19. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (Jesmond Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer M iss M. E. Boyd, A .R .R .C ., to be Lady D iv i sional Supt., 20.12.19, v 'ce Miss Gurney resigned, November, 1919N o. 7 D is t r ic t . Ironbridge Corps (Ironbridge Nursing Division).— C. Underwood Whitney, M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P., to be D iv i sional Surgeon, 8.12.19, v'ce Dr. Ogle deceased. N o . 8 D is t r ic t .

Brighton and Hove Corps (Hove Nursing Division).— Miss Nellie Stacey to be Nursing Officer, 5.12.19, vice M iss Ireland resigned, 4.4.19. Brighton and Hove Corps (Brighton Nursing D ivision).— M iss Elizabeth E. Hawkes to be Nursing Officer, 8.12.19. Isley of Sheppey Nursing Division.— Mrs. Julia Stocker to be Lady Divisional Supt., 19.11.19, vice Mrs. Broad, re signed, 9.10.19. N o. 9 D is t r ic t .

Bodmin Division.— S. M. Landrey to be Ambulance and Transport Officer, 12.12.19.

AMBULANCE

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101

No. 13 D is t r ic t . Sir Robert Kennedy, K .C.M .G ., resigns his appointment as Commissioner of No. 13 (U lster District, 31.12.19. No. 13 D istrict of the Brigade now lapses, and the Province of Ulster will again come under No. 4 District, as formerly. N ew

D iv is io n s , & c

N o . 2 D is t r ic t .

W ing Division.— Disbanded by order of Chief Commis sioner, 16.12.19. Cheltenham Corps (Corporation D ivision).— Disbanded by order of Chief Commissioner, 16.12.19. R oll of

H onour.

Ashton, Pte. R., Bacup, K ing’s Own Royal Lancs. Jones, Pte. A., Neptune-street (H ull), A .S.C.(M .T.). Robinson, Pte. J. P., Prestwich, N .N .A .S .B .R . M il it a r y

A w ards

Mansbridge, Pte. E. A., Weston-super-Mare, M ilitary Medal. Pettitt, Sergt. D. J., Bentley Colliery, Meritorious Service Medal. J a m e s R. A n d r e w C l a r k (Colonel), Chief Commissioner.

S t. John A m bulance Brigade O verseas. T

following appointm ents

have

been sanctioned by

H . R H . the G rand P r io r :— I n d ia .

C. H. Elmes, M .B., to be Acting Assistant Commissioner, No. 2, District, 19 3.19. Ceylon.

P. J. Kelly, M.B.. to be Acting Assistant Commissioner, Ceylon District, vice E. Langley Hunt, C.M .G., M .R .C .P .& S .(L), resigned on leaving the Colony, 29.11.19. The Chief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, e tc.:— C o m m o n w ea lth N ew

So u t h

W ales

A u s t r a l ia .

D is t r ic t .

Anthony Hordern & Sons, Ltd., Nursing Division. — F. Liddell, M .B., to be D ivisional Surgeon, 16.1.19. Mrs. E. H. Sutherland to be Lady D ivisional Supt., 16.1.19. Balmain Ambulance Division.— G. A. Ham er to be D iv i sional Supt., 28.1.19, vice J. A. R. Stone, deceased. Epping Ambulance D ivision.— D. G. Hunter, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 8.4.19. A. W. Page to be Divisional Supt., 8.4.19. Headquarters N ursing D ivision No. 1.— Mrs. A. Glasscock to be Lady D ivisional Supt. (provisionally), 4.12.19, vice Mrs. C. E. H arris, resigned. Mrs. M. K irkland to be 1st Nursing Officer, 15.7.19. M iss F. Crozier to be 2nd Nursing Officer, 15.7.19-

Leichardt Nursing D ivision.— M iss N. M uir to be Lady Divisional Supt., 1.6.19, vice Mrs. W . H. Simons, resigned. Mrs. G. Dunwoodie to be 1st Nursing Officer, 1.6.19. M iss L. Emmett to be 2nd Nursing Officer, 1.6.19. W . M. A. Fletcher, M .B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 2.10.19. M arricksville Nursing D ivision.— Miss F. C. W allis to be 1st Nursing Officer, 3 8.19. Randwick Division.— 1st Class Sergt. J. W . Pearson to be 1st Ambulance Officer, 17.4.19. Randw ick Nursing D ivsion.— Mrs. E . C. Fox to be Lady D ivisional Supt., 29 5.19.

— FIRST

102

AID

THE

ST.

St. George District Nursing Division. — Mrs. F. Hanley to be Lady Divisional Supt., 3.7.19, vice Mrs. Goode, resigned. W oollahra and Waverley Ambulance Division.— F. H. Coates, M.M., to be 1st Ambulance Officer, 29.5.19. F. H. Coates, M.M., to be Divisional Supt., 15.8.19. W oollahra and W averley Nursing Division.— M iss C. B. Carruthers to be 1st Nursing Officer, 29.1.19, vice Miss M. Cameron, resigned. V

ic t o r ia

ist r ic t .

F. A. Gray, L.R .C .P. & S., to be District Surgeon, 10.12.14. H. A. Osgood Cannon to be D istrict Supt., 10.12.14. J. H. Lord to be District Secretary, 10.12.14. J. E. Parkes to be District Officer, 13.1.19. T. B. England to be District Officer, 13.1.19. H. Woess to be District Officer, 13.1.19. Footscray Nursing D ivision.— M. H. Box, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon 26.7.17. Mrs. A Turner to be Lady D iv i sional Supt., 26.7.17. Malvern Nursing Division.— M iss E. Laidman to be Lady Divisional Supt., 30.9.17. Miss Q. Perrott to be 1st Nursing Officer, 30.9.17. Miss D. Cobb to be 2nd Nursing Officer, 30.9.17. St. K ilda (A ll Saints) Nursing Division.— M iss E . Parnell M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.4.19. Miss E. Purcell to be Lady Divisional Supt., 10.4.19. South Yarra Nursing Division.— Mrs. M. P. Blackwood to be Lady Divisional Supt., 27.8.19, vice Mrs. Byrne, re signed. M iss M. Davies to be 1st N uising Officer. 27.8.19, M iss R. W all to be 2nd Nursing Officer, 27.8.19, Williamstown Ambulance Division.— H. Challingsworth to be Divisional Supt., 24.7.18, vice J. E. Parkes, promoted. Y.M .C.A. (Melbourne) Nursing Division.— M iss G. Wisewould, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 15. n . 17. W

estern

A u s t r a l ia D

is t r ic t

( C o a s t a l ).

Kalgoorlie Nursing Division.— Mrs. K. Elliott to be Lady Divisional Supt., 24.5.19. S o u t h A u s t r a l ia D

is t r ic t .

Adelaide (Y.W .C.A .) No. 2 Nursing Division.— M iss A. E. D ixon to be 1st Nursing Officer, 14.12.17. Miss V. Watson to be 2nd Nursing Officer, 24.12.17. J. C. Verco, M .D., to be Divisional Surgeon vice W. Ray, resigned, 26.6.19. Adelaide Railway Division.— R. G. Cosh to be Ambulance Officer, 28.2.19. J. Steward, L.R .C.P . and S., to be Divisional Surgeon 30.10.17. A. J. Sniggs to be Divisional Supt., 30.10.17. Islington Ambulance Division.— E. W. Bristow to be Ambulance Officer, 3.10.18. D o m in io n O n t a r io D

Canada.

is t r ic t .

Edmonton Central Nursing Division, No. 20.— M iss H. Sache to be Acting Lady Divisional Supt., vice Mrs. Lucas, promoted, 1.11.18. Mrs. M, Inglis to be Lady Divisional Supt. vice M iss H. Sache, resigned, 1.1.19 Lord Kitchener Nursing Division, No. 28.— Mrs. F. B. Singleton to be 3rd Nursing Officer, 2.7.19. M iss E. M. M ait land to be 4th Nursing Officer, 2.7.19. St. Catherine’s Ambulance Division, No. 29.— J. N, Bland to be Ambulance Officer, 17.5.19. Toronto Central Nursing Division, No. 1.— M iss E. W ilson to be Nursing Officer, 28.6.19. West Toronto Nursing Division, No. 14.— M iss L. M. W ilkinson to be 1st Nursing Officer vice M iss H. Watthews, resigned, 17.4.19. E

m p ir e

I n d ia .

JOHN

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

January, 1920.

3.11.19. G. W . Gazdar to be 2nd Ambulance Officer, 3.11.19. D. S. Bharucha to be 3rd Ambulance Officer, 3.11.19. Surat Cosmopolitan Division.— Rao Sahib Dr. V. N. Rege, L.M . and S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 3.9.19. P. H. Surti to be 1st Ambulance Officer, 3.9.19. No. 4 D is t r ic t . Madras Ambulance Corps.— E . K. Govindaswami to be 1st Corps Supt., 1.6.19. C. L. Narayanaswami to be 2nd Corps Supt., 1.6.19. E. K. Paraswaman to be 3rd Corps Supt., 1.6.19. E . K. Govindaswami to be Senior District Sergt., 15.5.19. C. L. Narayanaswami to be District Sergt., 15.5.19. E. K. Paraswaman to be District Sergt., 15.5.19. No. 7 D is t r ic t . Karachi Division.— L. A. A. Flynn to be Divisional Supt., 1.4.16. D o m in io n o f N ew Z e a l a n d . A u c k l a n d D is t r ic t . Auckland Ambulance Division.— C. W . Gooderham to be D ivisional Supt., 21.3.19, vice F. E. Schofield, promoted. National Reserve Ambulance Division.— W. H. Horton, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 17.3.17. J. W. Davis to be D ivisional Supt., 17.3.17. C a n t e r b u r y , N e ls o n , M a r lb o r o u g h a n d W e s t C o a s t D is t r ic t . Avonside Nursing Division.— Mrs. S. A. W atkins to be Lady Divisional Supt., 18.9.19, vice M iss N. Rhodes, resigned. Mrs. L. E. Jones to be 1st Nursing Officer, 18.9.19, vice Mrs. S. A. W atkins, promoted. M iss F. L. Cooper to be 2nd Nurs ing Officer, 18.9.19, vice Mrs. L. E. Jones, promoted. W e l l in g t o n D is t r ic t . Petone Central Nursing Division.— Mrs. L. Galvin to be Lady Divisional Supt., 10.3.19, vice Mrs. Collett, deceased. W anganui Ambulance Division.— W . D. Robertson, M .D ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 26.5.19. W aingawa Masterton Ambulance D ivision.— H. Johnson to be 1st Ambulance Officer, 13.2.19. W ellington Nursing Division.— Mrs. C. W . Fraser to be 4th Nursing Officer, 4.3.19, vice Miss M. Macandrew, pro moted. M iss M. Macandrew to be 3rd Nursing Officer, 4.3.19, vice M iss Vare, resigned. Wellington South Nursing Division.— Mrs. E. Barltrop to be 1st Nursing Officer, 8.4.18, vice Mrs. Finlay, resigned. Mrs. M. A. Gray to be 2nd Nursing Officer, 8.4.18, vice Mrs. E. Barltrop, promoted. U n io n o f S o u t h A f r ic a . C a p e o f G ood H o pe D is t r ic t . De Beers Corps.— H . Symonds, M .D., to be Corps Surgeon, 3.6.19. Dutoitspan (M ine) Division.— W . J. Templar to be Divisional Supt. vice W. Ball, resigned, 24.6.19. Wesselton (M ine) Division.— C. J. Freeman to be Divisional Supt. vice J. Thomson, resigned, 24.6.19. H o ng K ong a n d C h in a D is t r ic t . Victoria Nursing Division.— Mrs. A. H icklin g to be D iv i sional Surgeon and Lady Divisional Supt., 1.4.18. N e w D iv is io n . D o m in io n o f C a n a d a . Florence Nightingale Nursing Division.— 23.3,19.

No. 1 D is t r ic t .

Simla Nursing Division.— Lieut.-Colonel R. A. Needham to be Divisional Surgeon vice Lieut.-Colonel Sir James Roberts, resigned, 26.9.19. No. 3 D is t r ic t .

Parsi Division.—-D. F. Kharas to be 4th Ambulance Officer, 15.6.19. H . C. Doctor to be 1st Ambulance Officer,

T h e British R e d C ross S o cie ty has acqu ire d premises o f its own at 19, Berkeley-street, W ., a n d in future the w ho le o f the w ork o f the S o cie ty will be ca rried on from this address.

January, 1920.

— FIRST

AID.—

N orth Staffordshire A m bulance Corps. O n Saturday, 13th D e c e m b e r , a s m o k in g co n c e r t in c o n n ectio n with the N o rt h Staffordshire A m b u l a n c e Corps, was held in the St. J u d e ’s H a ll, Shelton. Mr. F, A . L. Barnwell, G en er al M a n a g e r o f the N o rt h Stafford shire R a ilw a y C o m p a n y , presided, a n d was sup ported by distinqu ish ed representatives o f the a m b u la n c e m o v e m e n t in the district. D u r in g the eve nin g presentations were m ade to C o r p s Supt. H . F. B u r y and Dr. A rlidge, the latter re ce ivin g a silver flask on relinquishing the position o f C o r p s S u rge o n to tak e o ver the duties o f A ss istan t-C o m m issio n e r o f the District. M r. Bagnall, H o n o r a r y Se cre tary o f the N o r t h Stafford shire R a i lw a y C e n t r e and C o rp s , was also p re se n te d with the vo te o f thanks on vellum re cently a w a rded to him for the va lu a ble services ren dered by him to the A m b u l a n c e D e p a r tm en t o f the O rd e r o f St. J o h n in that capacity.

Future of th e S co ttish V.A.D.’s.

103

R eview s. A

C O M P E N D IU M O F A ID S T O F IR S T - A ID . By N. Corbet Fletcher, M .B., B.C., M .R.C.S., &c., 5th Edition. 15th Thousand. London : Bale, Sons and Danielsson, Ltd. P rice t)d. net.

When six years ago this book, the work of an unknown author, was first published, we commended it to all Lecturers and Students who desired to posses in one volume a concise synopsis and a correct commentary on First-A id. Since then Dr. Corbet Fletcher has established his reputation as a popular and expert lecturer and for the last four years has taken charge of our Query Column with great and often expressed satisfac tion of our readers who will be well advised to study this, the fifth edition, which has been brought thoroughly up-to-date and in accord with modern views. P O P U L A R C H E M IC A L D IC T IO N A R Y . By C. T. Kingzett, F .I.C ., F.C.S. Londou : Bailliere, T ind all and Cox. P rice / J s .

A m ee tin g o f the Sco ttfsh C o m m i t t e e o f the C o u n c i l o f C o u n t y Territo rial A ss o cia tio n s was held at G la s g o w on D e c e m b e r n t h last. Sir H u g h S h a w Stewart, Bart., C . B ., chairm an o f the co m m ittee , e xp lain ed that the meeting had been ca lled primarily to con sider the questio n o f the future relatio nship betw een V . A . D . ’ and Territo rial A s s o ciations. H e p o in ted out that the V . A . D . ’s were part o f the tech n ica l reserve o f the Territo rial F o rce , but that be fore the war their org anisation a n d training in S co tla n d ha d been h a n d e d o ver to the Sco ttish B ran ch , R e d C ro ss Society. O n the m otio n o f Sir H u g h S h a w Stewart, s e c o n d e d by Mr. H a rr y R a w s o n , ch a irm an o f the E d i n b u r g h T e r r i torial A sso cia tion , the follo w ing resolution was un an i m ously p a s s s e d :— “ T h a t this m eeting depreciates any m o v e m e n t w hich will separate V . A . D . ’s in S c o tla n d from V . A . D . ’s in other parts o f the U n i t e d K i n g d o m , a n d that if the co n n e ctio n betw een the V . A . D . ’s in S c o tla n d with the R e d C ross S o c ie ty is to be co n tin u e d it is necessary that the R e d Cross m o v e m e n t in S co tla n d should not b e separated from the R e d C r o ss m o v e m e n t in E n g la n d , and that m e an w h ile a small co m m it t e e representing Territo rial A ss o cia tio n s should be formed to look after T erritorial interests in V .A .D .s .” A c o m m ittee to look after T errito ria l interests was appointed, co nsistin g o f the D u k e o f A th o ll, Sir H u g h Sh a w Stewart, Mr. R a w s o n , with M a jo r H a r v ie A n d e r s o n as s e c r e t a r y W it h re gard to the present position o f the T errito ria l Force, Sir H u g h S h a w Stewart explain ed that the stan din g depu tation from Territo rial A sso cia tion s h a d had a m eet ing with the U n d e r Secretary o f State for War, a n d h e fully exp lain ed the information w h ich h a d been obtained. In view o f the info rm atio n re ce ive d it was agre ed that it was not necessary to pass any resolution in the meantime.

When corresponding with Advertisers please men tion “ First Aid.”

In compiling this Dictionary, the author, who was one of original founders of the Institute of Chemistry, has aimed at an advance in the desired direction and has endeavoured to condense in a single volume, in compendious form and simple language, descriptions of the subjects of chemistry— its laws and processes, the chemical elements, the more important in organic and organic compounds and the methods of their pre paration or manufacture, together with illustrated descriptions of chemical apparatus. Apart from what value it may have as a work of reference for practical chemists it should prove of great service to that large body of the public who in course of their various callings have occasion to deal or take interest in the thousand and one subjects and substances which are described therein ; whilst as a general educational work the author hopes it may find a place in most private studies and public libraries.

A ustralian

M edical Congress Q ueensland.

for

T h e A ustra lia n F e d e r a l A u th o ritie s ha ve a n n o u n c e d that after an in terval o f six years, the A ustra ilia n M e d i c a l C o n gress will m eet in B r is b a n e in A u g u s t , 1920. A t the 1911 C o n gress, h e ld in S y d n e y it was d e c i d e d to r e c o m m e n d the F ed era l G o v e r n m e n t to in cre ase the funds for an A u s tralian In stitu te o f T r o p i c a l M e d ic in e , so as to e n a b le an organ ised in quiry to be m a d e into matters revelan t to the p er m a n e n t settlem e n t o f tropical A u s tra lia by the white race. T h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t , w hen a p p ro a ch e d , m a d e a p erm an e nt sub sidy for this purpose, with the result that m u c h g o o d w ork has be en do n e. A t the C o n g r e s s next year the principal item for discussion will be the white settlem en t o f tropical Australia. O th e r matters for c o n sideration are the do cto rs a n d lo d g e s ’ o ispute, the controlo f ven erea l disease, military surgery a n d hygien e, in the ligh t o f war exp erien ce, and th e a d ju s tm e n t o f health adm inistra tio n as b e tw ee n the C o m m o n w e a l t h a n d the States. A l l the States a n d N e w Z e a la n d will be re p re sen ted at the Co n gress.

—F I R S T

104 CONTENTS

THIS

AID.—

W e un derstan d that the W a r O ffice is still considering

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l — The Red Cross Fund D is t r ic t R e p o r t s — No. 1 ... No. 2 ; No. 3 ; No. 4; No. 5 ; No. 6 ; No. 10 T h e St . J o h n A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e — Official Brigade Gazette... North Staffordshire Corps Future of the Scottish V.A .D s ... R e v ie w s — A Compendium of Aids to First Aid Popnlar Chemical Dictionary Australian M edical Congress for Queensland ... Brevities ... Staff Sergt. Instructor A. J. Matthews Railway Ambulance An Amazing Story ... S.J.A.B. Overseas ... The Red Cross in W ar L e t t e r s to t h e E d it o r — Service and Victory Medals A Text-Book Required ... Text-Book Revisions Pipe and Drum Band of the No. 12 (Irish) Division The Efficiency Cup Competition P r a c t ic a l P o in t s — Efficiency in First Aid ... Q u e r ie s a n d A n s w e r s to C o r r e s p o n d e n t s — Ambulance Duty H in ts... More Ambulance Duty Hints Treatment of Septic Finger Fractures of Clavicle and Ribs ...

January, 1920.

as to w hether the soldier w ho served at h o m e a n d was .not

••

.. ..

98 99

.. -

100 103 103

allo w ed in m a ny cases to g o overseas, sh o u ld be a llo w ed to wear the W a r and V i c t o r y medals.

It is quite tim e that

this question was s e t t le d in favour o f the soldier, the Bri. ga d e R e s e r v e m e m bers a n d the V . A . D s . , for we co n sid e r that they should be fairly treated in this matter.

* * * The

H o m e Service A m b u l a n c e

C o m m it t e e

the

Joint C o m m it t e e o f the British R e d C ross and the O rder

103

o f St. J o h n has now allotted 300 a m b u la n c e s to county

-.. ... .. .. .. ..

103 103 104 105 105 105 105 106

directors a n d has b e en a b le to deliver

.. .. .. ..

107 107 108 108 108

213.

Fourty-six

a m b u la n ce s are in hand to m eet this deficit, a n d an order has been p lace d with the F o r d C o m p a n y for 55 c h a s s i s ; the date o f delivery is un certain, but the work o f build ing a m b u la n c e bodies for them is in hand. missioner o f C u s t o m s and E x c i s e the

representations o f the

have,

co m m ittee ,

p olicy o f in surance

in su ra n ce

against

third

108

.. ..

109 109 110 110

risk

out to

a m bulances.

The

o f 21

patients

from

c o u n ty

re ce ive d last

each

from a

acci

are pro vid ed

to the

out

a m bula nce s,

and for

directors. as

quarterly

shows that 1 1 8 patients were ca rried in 66 average

e xe m p t

arising

parties

taken

Satisfactory reports co n tin u e w orking o f the

the

passengers

and

p olicie s

that

T h e co m m itte e has taken

dents to patients or to the risks to drivers

Com

re sponse

agre ed

m o to r spirit used for a m b u la n c e s shall be the p ay m e n t o f duty.

The

the

report

a m bula n ce s,

am b u la n ce .

average distan ce c o v e re d was 14 miles for e ach

The patient.

*** A n interim report as to the progress o f the w ork in co n n e ctio n with the R e d C ro ss exhib its for the Im perial

B revities.

W a r M u s e u m has been sent to e ach m e m b e r o f the C o m

T h e L o n d o n C o u n t y C o u n c i l on 22nd July, 1919,

mittee.

T h e studios in F u lh a m ha ve been clo s ed by the

p l a c e d the operative staff of the L o n d o n a m b u la n c e ser

authorities, a n d the work transferred to

vice on a p erm an e nt basis, and fixed the rates o f p ay o f

Ba zaar, where a certain n u m b e r o f R e d C ro ss pictures have

the various grades o f the staff.

been selected by the ha n ging c o m m ittee a pp o inted by the

It is now p ro p o sed that

the Baker-street

ca n d id a te s for a p p o in tm e n t to the a m b u la n ce staff shall

Im perial W a r M u s e u m

not be less than 19 years o f age and not more than 3r years

porary exhib ition now open in the galleries o f the R o y a l

C o m m i t t e e and sent to the

o f age, p ro v id ed that a ny period o f service with the forces

Academ y

o f the C r o w n during the war shall be d e d u c t e d in c o m p u t

others, ultim ately to be sent to the C r y sta l Palace.

in g the m a xim u m age o f candidates.

T h e staff will be

a llo w ed 12 d a y s ’ holliday in each year,

in cludin g

H o llid a y s , or other days in lieu thereof.

A s regards uni

Bank

form clo th in g an a dditional jac k et, on jo in in g a n d a pair o f bo o ts a nn ua lly are to be supplied to each m e m b e r o f the staff. the

T h e fixed w e e k ly rate ot p ay o f the operative staff o f a m b u la n c e service was as follows :— L e a d i n g

30s., senior

a ttenda n t 40s.,

attendan t 35s.,

driver

driver 35s.,

senior d u ty man 35s., d u ty man 30s., with the a ddition in all cases o f 30s. a w e e k war wages. was co m p u t e d in M a y ,

T h i s rate o f war wages

19 1 9 , a n d h avin g re gard to the

altered co n d itio n s n ow existing, the war wages o f the a m b u la nce staff are to be increased b y 5s. a w eek as from and in clu d in g 1st D e c e m b e r , 1 9 19.

a m o n g st those

tem

co n tribu ted by war artists and

* * * W e should like to impress on our readers that the su c ce ssful c o n d u c t o f a journ al d e p e n d s largely on tion be tw ee n them a n d the editor.

co-opera

O u r business is to

p ro vid e a jo urn a l that will interest and help them , but this ca n only be d o n e if th e y will do their part as s p le n d id ly as our older readers ha ve d o n e in the past.

W e ask their c o

op eration in two w ays— first, they can m a k e the editorial part better by sen din g us articles, paragraphs o f news, a ny thing that will interest other a m b u la n c e workers ; secondly, th e y can help the business side (and it is essential to the p ro d u c tio n o f a paper) by using our advertisem ent pages as a ca talogue, a ud when they order things from our adver tisers, as th e y c o n tin u a lly do, m entio n F i r s t Aid.

January, 1920.

— FIRST

S ta ff Sergt. Instructor A. J. M atth ew s. F. A . Instructor to M e tro po litan P o li c e Recru its.

S t a f f S e r g t . M a tth e w s first b e c a m e associated with first aid in 1901 at the L . C . C . E v e n i n g C la s se s at B a lh am , and he ga in ed the m edallion in 1904. H e then j o in e d a St. J o h n class, gain in g the m edallion and l a b e l s ; he then jo in e d the B . R . C . classes a n d gain ed further awards. H e m a d e several attem pts to get first aid tak en up in the p o lice force, but up to 1 9 1 3 re ce ive d little h e l p ; then whilst serving in the “ S ” D iv is io n he re ce ive d great assist an ce from C h i e f In s p ecto r A n d e r s o n a n d S . D . In sp ecto r W. H . Sm ith (now C h i e f C o n s ta b le o f Ea stb o urne), and Dr. J. M a u g h a n ( R e g e n t ’s Park), with the result that an

AI D. —

165

o f prizes a n d m edals w on in co m p etitio n s, also six L . C . C . certificates a n d o n e medallion, L . C . C . t ea ch e rs ’ certificate. St. J o h n certificate, vou cher, m e dallio n a n d d e m o n s tra to rs ’ certificate, British R e d C r o ss S o c ie ty 1st a n d 2nd G r a d e certificates, proficiency b a d g e a n d five bars.

jtailwag Jlmbulance. L .B . & C . R y . — T h e E a r l o f B e ss b o r o u g h , K . P . , ch a irm an o f the C o m p a n y , presen ted, in the B o a rd Room at L o n d o n B r id g e sixteen of the railway staff, m e m bers o f the B r ig h t o n C e n t r e of the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e A ss o cia tion , with W a r S e rv ice badges. F ro m Se p te m b er, 19 1 4 , to D e c e m b e r , 19 1 8 , th e y turned o u t on fifty-three occasions, and dealt with upwards o f 6,000 sick and w o u n d e d . L o r d B e ss b o r o n gh , in presenting the badges, w arm ly co n g ra tu la te d the men upon the g o o d work they had don e, a n d c o m m e n d e d them for giv in g their own tim e vo lu nta rily on so m a ny o c ca sio n s to perform these acts o f m ercy. T h e n am e s o f the recipients were : L o c o m o t i v e departm ent, F. Sharp, F. Illm an, G Slaugh ter, C . Sp en ce r, D . P u ttick , A . D e a c o n , J. B ow en, F. G rin h a m , J. H o p k in s , F. G a r d en e r, A . L o w , F . H a w k in s , D. G ro u n d s ; C a r r ia g e a n d W a g o n de pa rtm e nt, T . G o d l e y and F. C rispin ; G en er al Stores de p a rtm e n t, A . G o d d a r d

An A m azing Story. T h e E v e n in g N e w s reports an e xtraord in ary case at W ille s

A m b u l a n c e C o rp s c o m p o se d o f m em b ers o f the “ S ” D i v i sion was formed. T h i s corps p ro ved a great help during the air raids, a n d its m e m bers were k e p t quite up to date by m o n th ly competitions. Mr. A . J. M a tth ew s was a p p o in te d instructor to the Sp ecial C o n s ta b u la ry at St. J o h n ’s W o o d , H i g h g a t e C a d e t C o lle g e, St. J o h n ’s G a t e Classes, a n d the 26th N ursing Divisio n, Westm inster, L a d y J e k y ll a n d Mrs. M c K e n n a bein g the c h ie f officers. H e was in sole c h a rg e o f the first aid co m p etitio ns open to the M e tro po litan Po lice , 19 1 6 -1 7 , 19 1 8 -1 9 . E a rly this year he was a pp o inted S ta ff Sergt. Instructor to the M e tro p o litan Po lice. W ith his k e en n es s in a m b u la n ce work, we shall no d o u b t see greater efficiency in first aid in the F o rce . In S e p t e m b e r last yea r h e was s elected an H o n . Serving B r o th e r o f the O rd e r o f St. J o h n as a result o f his arduous work on b e h a l f o f the a m b u la n c e cause.

Mr. A. J. Matthews is in possession of a large number

den, where T h e l m a C la rk so n , d e s c rid e d as a 'V .A .D . nurse,” was ch a rg e d with ha vin g o b tain ed j£ i , s o m e bovril, tea, sugar, and a hair-brush and c o m b by m eans o f a trick. T h e d e te c t iv e said the girl was dressed as a n urse a n d o b tain ed the co n fid e n ce o f a Mrs. R o b i n s o n by telling her she had n otice d that Mr. R o b i n s o n was very ill a n d n e e d e d an operation at o n c e to save his life. A c c o r d i n g to the e v id e n ce , she took M r. R o b i n s o n to the M id d l e s e x H o sp ital, after w h ich she d e s c r ib e d very grap h ica lly the X -ray exa m in atio n, w hich, s h e said, s h o w e d Mr. R o b i n s o n ’s spin e to be “ in a terrible c o n d i t i o n ,” and o b ta in ed from the la dy ^ , 1 “ as a fee for th e o p e r a t io n ,” a n d the other articles, allegin g that th e y were for Mr. R o b i n s o n ’s use in the hospital. Mr. R o b i n s o n is stated to h a v e b e e n d is c h a rg e d from the hospital with n o th in g wrong, a n d M rs. R o b i n s o n to be too ill as the result o f the in cid e n t to a tte n d the court. T h e girl, against w ho m the d e te c t iv e said there w ou ld p ro b a b ly be other similar charges was re m a n d e d in custody.

S.J.A .B. O verseas. W e learn with d e ep regret tha,t L ie u t. W o o d , the hero o f the H a m m e r s m it h B r id g e rescue, w h o was a m e m b e r of the T r a n s v a a l D istrict o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r ig a d e O ve rs ea s within the U n i o n o f S o u t h A frica , has s u c c u m b e d to the injuries re c e iv e d in his successful e n d e a v o u r to re scue a d r o w n in g w o m a n .

io6

— FIRST

The Red Cross in War.* B y C o lo n e l R . J. B L A C K H A M , C . B . , C . M . G . , C . I . E . , D . S . O . , A .D .M .S . C o lc h e s t e r District. I am rather g la d that Sir H a y w a r d W h i te h e a d was un ab le to c o m e here this afternoon as it has given m e this o p p o r t un ity o f sayin g a few words on b e h a lf o f the R e d Cross during the G re at War. I am afraid, how ever, that I am u n ab le to say m uch a b o u t the N o r f o lk B r a n ch , a n d your local activities, as I am a recent arrival in E a s t A n g lia, nor, in deed, can I speak o f yo ur h o m e organisation with any authority as, until a few m onths ago, I ha ve served co n tin u o u s ly a b ro a d for e leven years. D u rin g t h e w h o le o f this period I ca n claim a very a ctiv e associatio n with what is k n o w n as the R e d C ro ss w ork in war, a n d a m b u la n c e work in peace. F o r seven years prior to the war I was honorary gen eral secretary o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e in In dia, and w hen the war b roke out the D ir ecto r o f M e d i c a l Services p la ce d me on d u ty at the H e a d q u a r te rs o f the In dian G o v e r n m e n t to org anise R e d C ro ss work th rou gh o u t that vast E m p ire. I re m a in e d in this position till July, 1 9 1 5 . D u rin g that first year o f the war I had to e n d e a v o u r to b u ild up a purely p ea ce tim e Society, the organisation necessary for the supply o f vo lu nta ry aid, e specially for In dian troops, in a great war. O u r efforts were not un successful, e ve n the first transports to leave In d ia n carried boxes o f R e d C ross gifts for the hospitals. M o t o r a m b u la n c e cars and motor la unches were a m o n g st our early activities, but I o n ly refer to these In d ia n experiences to show h o w I can sym pathise w ith the difficulties and troubles w hich yo ur H e a d q u a r te rs a n d C o u n t y D ir ecto r and his staff have very successfully s urmounted. I arrived in F ra n c e in A ugu st, 19 1 5 , and one o f the first sights that met m y eyes was a motor a m b u la n ce car on the q u a y a Marseilles, the jo int gift o f the British R e d C ro ss S o cie ty a n d o f the St. J o h n A m b u la n c e . F ro m the m o m e n t I la n d e d in that theatre o f war until I left for R u ss ia last February, the w ork o f these two societies was ever before me. I was so fortunate to sp en d the w hole o f m y service at the forward areas with fighting formations, a n d early m a d e the a c q u a in ta n c e o f Ca p ta in K e n n e r l y R u m fo r d , the well-known singer, w ho was in ch a rg e o f the a d v a n c e d e p o t o f R e d C ro ss stores at St. O m e r during all the earlier part o f the war. I saw a go o d deal o f his work a n d his difficulties, as his d e p o t was c o n ce rn ed in distributing yo ur gifts in the fighting areas. In order to ske tc h your R e d C ro ss activities in those forw ard positions, I will e n d e a v o u r to briefly o utline the m e d ical org anisation w hich p rovides a co m p lete chain o f re sponsib ility from the m o m e n t a man falls at the front till h e lands safely at a British port. It m ay be d iv ided in to three zones, n a m e l y : — (1 ) T h e co lle c t in g zone, corre s p o n d in g with the are a o c c u p ie d b y the field a rm y and co n ta in in g the regim ental e stablishm en ts a n d field a m b u lances ; (2) the e v a cu a tin g zone, co n ta in in g the casualty clearin g stations w ith their a tta ch e d m o b ile laboratories, a m b u la n c e trains, and a d v a n c e d depbts o f m e d ical stores ; a n d (3) the dis tributin g zone, w h ich contains stationary a n d gen eral hospitals, c o n v a le s c e n t depots, base depdts o f m e d ic a l stores, a n d hospital ships.

'Address to General Meeting Norfolk Branch, B.R.C.S., at Norwich on October 8th, 1919.

AI D. —

January, 1920.

A l t h o u g h distinct in theory and practice the three zones form a single service like the links o f a chain, A certain a m o u n t o f o ve rla p p in g must naturally o ccur, just as a link fits into the next, but, as in a chain, unless each link supports its n eigh bo u r the w ho le is useless, T h e honour o f bein g the first link in the chain belo n gs to the Battalio n surgeon and his stretcher bearers. T h e stretcher bearers were a rm e d with stre tchers in stead o f rifles, and were distributed with their C o m p a n ie s in the trenches. E v e r y soldier carried in his j a c k e t a small p a c k e t o f dressings, called a first field dressing. W hen a man was w o u n d e d the Battalion stretcher bearers dressed him with this dressing, s u p p le m e n ted by other larger dress ings, k n o w n as shell dressings, w hich they carried with them in satchels. H a v i n g re n dered first aid, they ca rried their w o u n d e d co m r a d e to the regimental, or m ore co rrectly B a t talion, aid post, w here the battalion surgeon was located. In trench warfare the aid post was usually a dug-out a d jo in in g the battalion headquarters. It was big eno ugh for dressings to be seen to and ch a n ge d , a n d tea was usually kept. In m o vin g warfare it was usually a shell hole, a dip be h in d a ba n k or so m e p lace afford ing m ore or less co ver for the wounded. A t the regim ental aid post was stationed a squad o f R . A . M . C . bearers, w ho a cte d as a link be tw ee n the field a m b u la n c e a n d the regim ental m edical establishm ent. T h e s e bearers carried b a ck w o u n d e d to the re lay post, where they were relieved by fresh bearers who c o n v e y e d the w o u n d e d to the a d v a n c e d dressing station. In h eavy fighting they did not carry w o u n d e d th e m selves but a cte d as runners b etw een the regim ental m edical officer a n d the a d v a n c e d dressing station, carrying messages stating how m a ny R . A . M . C . bearers are required to clear the post. T h e aid post itself was lo cate d in a p lace not h eavily shelled, but its vicin ity was always exp osed to fire and the freq uen cy o f casualties always n ecessitated the pre sen ce o f at least two or three men to ensure that messages actually got through. C lo s e ly associated with the battalions in the front line a n d sharing their difficulties and dangers were the field am bulances. T h e s e units co n sisted o f bearer and tent divisions, co rresp o nd in g to the bearer co m p an ies and field hospitals o f the older British form ations a n d so m e other armies. T h e w ork o f a field a m b u la n c e o f a division is to clear the w o u n d e d from the battlefield. It operates t hrou gh (a) relays o f bearers w h o carry the w o u n d e d from t h e regim ental aid post to the a d v a n c e d dressing station, (b) T h e a d v a n c e d dressing stations were the field a m b u la n ce outposts. W h e n p o ssible th e y are lo cate d in cellars or d e ep dug-outs, but in m a n y parts o f the line w here digging was im p o ssible ow in g to the hig h level o f the sub-soil water they were m ere shelters p ro tected by san dba gs and bursting layers o f c o n cre te slabs, stones, or broken bricks. A t these stations the w o u n d e d were dressed and fed. A w o u n d e d man is always a thirsty man a n d often a hungry man as well, so that the provision o f food is a feature of all a d v a n c e dressing stations. T h e bearers utilise every available m eans o f transport, such as light railways for gettin g b a ck the w o u n d e d from the front line. H o r se d a m b u la n c e w aggons and general service w aggons w ere often sent right up to the trenches to assist in bringing the w o u n d e d to the a d v a n c e d dressing station. In a modern battle a large percen tag e o f the w o u n d e d (60 to 70 per cent.) are lightly w o u n d e d on the head, arms or trunk, and are q u ite able to find their own way to a p lace w here they can be lo a d e d up on lorries in co m p arativ e safety. A t the a d v a n c e d dressing station cases o f this k in d ha ve the

January, 1920.

— FIRST

dressing seen to, and are g iv en a hot drink a n d a w alking stick, and are dir ected to the lorry lo ad in g points. In the old p itc h ed battles from the trench es, the track for the w alkin g w o u n d e d was m arked out by R e d C r o ss flags during the day, a n d at night by lanterns with R e d Cross a n d directin g arrows, but such refinements disappeared w h en we got on the move. A t the a d v a n c e d dressing stations all seriously w ou n de d are lo a d e d u p on the motor a m b u la n c e cars a tta c h e d to the field am b ula nce. E a c h a m b u la n c e had seven, m aking 21 with e ach Div ision. T h e motor a m b u la n c e cars c o n v e y e d the badly w ou n de d to th e C o r p s main dressing station, w hich was form ed by the tent divisions o f several field a m b u la n ce s and sited as far forward as p o ssible with reason able safety. W h e n p ra cticab le it was in a building, s uch as a school, mill, or chu rch , but as few o f th e se were left stan din g by the retreating e n e m y during the ad va n c e, it was often lo cated in tents. A t the main dressing station e m er ge n cy operations were perfo rm ed a n d all the w ounded were classified and fed. S p ecia l resuscitation teams were form ed and actual blood transfusion p er formed. A specia l feature o f these stations was a gas centre, w hich was a b le to un dress, bath e and re-clothe, and treat all gased cases. A d j o i n i n g the C o rp s main dr essin g station was the C o r p s walking w o u n d e d station, w h ich dealt rapidly w ith w alkin g cases. A t the C o r p s main dressing station the w ou nded, w hen their tre atment was co m p lete d , were lo ad e d up on what were called motor a m b u la n ce co n vo y s, another p ro duct o f modern fighting. T h e y con sisted o f 50 motor a m b u la n c e cars under the c o m m a n d a R . A . M . C . officer, and were re sponsible for the c o n v e y a n c e o f w o u n d e d from main dressing station to casualty clearing stations. A fte r a jo u rn e y o f varyin g length, a few kilom etres to as many as 30 kilometres, this time last year, the w o u n d e d arrived at the casualty clearing stations. T h e s e units are the p ivot on w hich the rem oval o f sick and w o u n d e d from the zon e o f a ctiv e opera tions turns, and constitutes the m achinery w hich the D . M .S . o f the arm y holds for establish ing the ch a n n e l or flow o f sick a n d w o u n d e d betw een the front line a n d the base. C le a r in g stations were originally d e sig n e d to tak e 200 w o u n d e d but were e x p a n d e d so as to be able to take up to a 1,000. T h e casualty cle aring stations had fully e qu ip p e d operating theatres, a n d h a d on their staffs s k ille d o perating surgeons. T h e r e were also nursing sisters and special a c c o m m o d a tio n for officers. T h e s e units are gr o u p ed in pairs at railheads and e v a c u a te d by a m b u lance trains. {T o be continued.)

T h e go ld m edal a n d certificate a w a rd e d by the G re at W estern R a i lw a y C o m p a n y for the m ost efficient first-aid re n dered by a m e m b e r o f their staff last year, was recently presen ted at P o rt T a l b o t to C h e c k e r D a v i d I. Jon es, o f the G o o d s D e p artm en t, at a w ell-attended p u b lic gathering.

AID.—

107

Setters to the Sditor. We art in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d ito r, E tc.

S E R V I C E 'A N D V IC T O R Y M E D A L S . D e a r S i r ,— I shall be glad if you can inform me if I am entitled to any award for service during the war. According to Section V. R.A .M .C . instructions from Blackpool, service in this country during wartime is considered “ Active Service.” Further, I was under the impression during the earlier days of the war that “ St. J o h n ” members, on permanent duty, would probably be entitled to a medal or some such recogni tion. The following is my record :— On attempting to enlist into R .A .M .C . from the M .H .H .R ., was rejected November 8th, 1915. Subsequently passed B I I I . then Grade I I I . Volunteered for service at home or abroad. Posted to Harbourne H a ll A uxiliary Hospital, January 24th, 1916. T ra n s ferred to Highbury A uxiliary Hospital October 28th. 1917, demobilised June 30th, 1919J upon that hospital becoming a

Pensions Hospital. Volunteered for oversea service five times — not sent. Holder of F.A. and H .N . Certificates, Medallion and 2 bars,three year Service Star and three W ar Service Bars. — Yous faithfully, W . O. J. A. [W e point out in our Brevities that the W ar Office have this question still under considration.— E d .]

TEXTBO O K

R E Q U IR E D .

D e a r S ir ,— I believe that, in spite of the many books published on First Aid, another textbook is required, e.g., one which, leaving alone details o f atnbulance w ork (e.g., bandaging, splinting, &c.), will deal wiih such points as First-A ider’s responsibility (1) in street accident, (2) a house on fire, (3) when treating a woman patient, and dozens of other points. Of course, many will say that these points ought to be explained to S.J.A.B. members on drill nights. Apart from this, however, we ought to have these points tabulated in book forms . that we can read them at our leisure, and I would like you to place my suggestion before Dr. Corbet Fletcher, to

— FlkST whom our best thanks are due for all the trouble he takes on our behalf.— Yours truly, C. E . W r ig h t . Weston-super-Mare. [The points you name in your letter are answered in the Query Column under the title “ Ambulance Duty Hints.” If you or any other Reader of F ir s t A id , to whom your sugges tion commends itself, will provide other points, additional to those already supplied, I will go into the matter with plea sure. In the meanwhile, you should study “ Brigade Regu lations,” issued to all S.J.A.B. members on enrolment, and there you will find a solution to many of your difficulties.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .] T E X T -B O O K R E V IS IO N . of F i r s t A id will appreciate the compli ment just paid to our friend and Hon. Surgeon, Dr. N. Corbet Fletcher, by the authorities at St. John’s Gate. It is interesting to note that the official corrections of the Revised (1917) Manual were a ll , excepting the addition of new qualifications for a first aider (which is a doubtful improvement savouring offaddism), suggested by Dr. N. Corbet Fletcher in his useful series of articles, “ Practical Points from the TextBook.” T h is is flattering to our doctor, but why do not the Com mittee of Revision go the whole way and correct a ll the errors in the new manual.— Yours, &c., S i r , — Readers

J. L . C o p p in g .

Pipe and Drum Band of th e No. 12 (Irish) D istrict. A n interesting function took place recently at the T rin ity College Officers’ T ra in in g Corps Headquarters, D ublin , when

t h e n ew ly-fo rm ed p ipe and drum b a n d o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e C o r p s was form ally in sp e cte d a n d taken o ve r b y the C o m m i s s io n e r , Sir J o h n L u m s d e n , K . B . E . S o m e o f the pipes a n d drums, w h ich b e lo n g e d to the R o y a l D u b lin F usiliers B a n d , were re ce n tly p la ce d at the disposal o f the B r ig a d e . C o r p s O fficer A . J. M ’W illiam , with the assist a n ce o f P ip e -M a jo r A n d r e w s , o f the D u b l in U n iv e rs ity Officers T r a i n i n g C o r p s B a n d , has fo rm ed and trained a b a n d o f eig ht pipes and six drums, a n d the p erfo rm an ce given by them on the o cca sio n reflects m u c h credit on both th e se g en tlem en . Mr. M ’W illiam has m a d e a very successfu l desig n o f a kilt unif orm , c o m b i n i n g the B r ig a d e co lours, b la ck and white, with a dark green p laid a n d skirt. A ft e r the in sp e c tion the b a n d m a rc h e d with m ilitary p recisio n as they

AID.—

January 1920.

played som e half-dozen airs from their repertoire. T h e band consists o f the follo w in g m e m b e r s :— Pip e-M ajor A ndrew s, D r u m M a jo r M ’V e y , Pipers Steel, K u t h , Roberts, Smith, K a v a n a h , R o d , Sw e e te n h a m , W y n n e ; D ru m m e rs T u g w e ll , K e n e d y , R u th , Barry, M u rp h y .

The E fficiency Cup C om petition. T h e L e y t o n and L e y t o n s t o n e D iv is io n team w h ich won the co m p etitio n was trained by Sergt. M a tth ew s, a n d under his leadership g a ve a very brilliant display w h ich was greatly a d m ire d by the m any m em bers o f the B r ig a d e w ho attended to witness the com petition. T h i s success sh o u ld be very p leasin g to Supt. O lle y, for it is the fourth tim e the L e y t o n a n d L e y t o n s t o n e D iv isio n has w on this trophy. T h e first a n d s e co n d occasion s b e in g in 1906 a n d 1908, w hen he led the team, and the third o cca sio n was in 19 1 0 , when A m b u l a n c e Officer F itch was in charge. T h e nam es o f the m em bers of the team are as follows : — Sergt. A . C. M a tth ew s (in charg e), Sergt. E . G . White, Corpl. G. J. E va n s , C o rpl. E. H . M e a d e r ; Ptes. A . L . R e y nolds, W . J. B r oo m , A . A . Sm ith, G . R . G o o d a le , C. T . Sm ale, A . C . Ba rker, P. D a ve y .

[practical [points. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases —with special reference to s;ood and bad ioints in Treatment— “or inclusion in this Column.

E f f ic ie n c y in F ir s t A id . Recently a man met with a serious machinery accident in a Paper M ill, his left arm being torn off above the elbow and hanging by skin only and the rest of the arm being crushed to pulp. H is shoulder and back were badly lacerated ; and his lung was exposed and presented through the wound with each act of inspiration. Called to his assistance, I applied pressure immediately to control bleeding, and, finding that my hands were not large enough for the purpose, I summoned from the works (and instructed) a man with large fat hands, giving orders meanwhile for calling the ambulance and for bringing my first-aid case. 1 then placed a bandage round body above stump of arm and followed this with a second bandage higher up to secure complete control of the bleeding. Then, covering the wound on shoulder and back with a large piece of boric lint and a thick pad of cotton wool, I secure d the dressing with a broad triangular bandage round the body and between the other two bandages and made the patient as comfortable as possible. The ambulance not having arrived and the patient’s condition being very grave, I had him placed on a plank and decided to remove him to hospital without further delay in a motor which happened to be standing in the yard. On arrival, the doctor said that it was the worst accident he had ever seen, and, having asked for special particulars of my treatment, expressed his approval and told me it was most efficient. An operation wasimmediately and successfully per formed ; but later, in view of the extensive character of the wound, skin grafting was proposed. A friend of the patient’s volunteered and had both thighs stripped of skin for grafting on patient’s back and chest. The patient is now doing ex tremely well, though, of course, some weeks must pass before he is discharged from hospital.— N. B., Wimbledon.

When corresponding; with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid ”

January, 1920.

—FIRST

Queries and Answers Correspondents.

109

AI D. —

A GREAT AID T O FIRST AID.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— >•— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hana corner of the envelope “ Q u ery " and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C .

3. — A l l Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. ?. — The Textbook, to which tejerence may be made in these columns, is the Revised (i g i y ) Edition o f S J . A . A . M an ual o f First-A id.

m b u l a n c e

u t y

in t s

C. W. (Weston) desires your verdict on these points :— (1) I have been told that we m ust not touch a dead body, even if requested by Police. It might, however, be impossible, on every occasion, to tell whether or no a patient is dead. (2) I have been told that we m ust not deal w ith cases of intoxication, and that these must be left to the Police. (3) I have been told that we m ust not deal w ith women patients, except when a nursing sister is present, lest the patient make false statements and take us before the magistrate. (1) Your information is incorrect, because to a First-Aider death does not exist, and decision on this point must be left to a qualified man. Further, the Textbook is emphatic and warns you (page 23) that death is not assumed because signs o f life are absent, and to ascertain (and remove) the cause of injury or condition you must “ touch ” the patient. I suspect that your informant was confusing the instructions issued to Police Officers who will not “ remove ” a dead body until a medical man has seen and certified person as dead. (2) 1nformation incorrect, because to a First-Aider an intoxi cated person is suffering from poisoning and, if necessity arises, must be so treated. So do your duty to the patient and leave the Police Officer to do his. (3) Information incorrect, because a sick or injured woman requires a First-Aider’s help quite as much as a man under the same conditions. The Textbook, however, advises some modification in treatment of such cases, especially when any act, open to misconception by prurient minds, is involved, e.g., with fractures of the lower limbs ; and Brigade Regulations (p. 19) recommend that, where possible, the treatment of women and children should be left to the nursing sisters. In short, it is always wise to obtain the assistance of a woman when you are treating a woman, and, if a nursing sister is not available, then exercise your “ Qualifications” as a First-A ider and appeal to a woman in the crowd to help you.— N . C O R B E T F le t c h e r .

o r e

m b u l a n c e

u t y

in t s

C. W . (Weston) sends the following queries — (1) At a street accident, who is in charge — the Police or S.J.A.B. ? I have been told that the latter are, because they are full Brigade members, whereas the Police are only “ Associates.” (2) At a fire, who is in charge— the Police, Fire B ri gade or S.J.A.B., and whose duty is it to fetch out the patients? I have been told that the last named are responsible and must remove patients. (3) I f patient requires removal by taxi-cab, who p a y s? I have been told that the taximen do this for nothing, and again, that we pay. (4) When we have dressed a wound and patient refuses to consult a doctor, are we allow ed to re-dress the wound u n til'it heals?

DR.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

A w o r k that justifies its cla im to be an e p ito m e o f all that sp ecialised m e d ical a n d surgical k n o w le d g e n ecessary for First A id ers, as well as an a utho rita tiv e m anual or referen ce on all info rm ation relating to H e a l t h a n d D isease, is a work to be w e lc o m e d by all our readers w ho wish to stu d y their s u b jec t m o re d e e p ly than is p o ssible from superficial text books. I n “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c ia n ,” by Dr. A n d r e w W ilso n , fullest sp ace is d e v o t e d to “ First A i d ” a n d A m b u l a n c e Work. In respect o f co m p leteness, a c c u r a c y o f description a n d w ealth o f illustration, “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n ” stands w ith out a rival a m o n g st the w orks p u b lis h e d on this im portant subject. It is scientific ally a c c u r a te a n d reliable w ith out bein g d u l l ; the n a m e o f its editor, so lo n g a n d po pu la rly k n o w n as an exp o sito r o f H e a l t h laws a n d a teacher o f H y g ie n e , is a gu aran tee o f this. T h i s w ork is ab so lu te ly co m p le te as regard s H e a l t h a n d D isease. A s a k n o w le d g e o f the b o d y in H e a l t h is n ece ssa ry to the d u e un d e rstan d in g o f the b o d y w hen its fun ction s are de ra n g ed b y disease, a d e sc rip tio n o f eve ry part o f the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, dige stive system, heart a n d lungs, brain and nervous system, org ans o f sense, skin, kid n e ys a n d the b o d y ’s m ic r o s c o p ic structure are duly described . In this co n n e ctio n the illustrations are o f particular value, the “ m a n n ikin s ” or d u m m ies m o re esp ecially ; in these the organs are m a d e to o ve rla p each other exa ctly as th e y do in the h u m a n bo dy. T h e section d e v o t e d to H y g i e n e in clu d e s the full exp osition o f the L a w s o f H e a lt h , a n d sp ecia l attention is d e v o t e d to P h y s i c a l C u ltu re . S u c h topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clo thin g, sleep, baths, holidays, tem p era m en t, & c ., are tre ated in this section. T h e last v o lu m e is e specially d e v o t e d to the H e a l t h o f W o m e n , a n d D r. W ils o n has here be en assisted by a n u m b e r o f e m in e n t w o m e n physician s. M i d w i fe r y a n d the treatm ent a n d D iseases o f I n fan ts are here fully d ealt with.

ONE

OF M A NY

O P IN IO N S

Mr. J. DANIEL, Kent Avenue, Ashford, writes :— “ Its all-round excellence makes it a valuable acquisition. T he section dealing with ambulance work is especially good. The book is written in splendid style and the illustrations are first rate. The method of payment places it within the reach o f a ll.”

A TO

TH E

P l« a s e s e n d

FREE

BOOKLET.

CAXTO N

P U B L IS H IN G

83,

S t r e e t ,

S u r r e y

m e, F r e e o f C h a r g e

I l lu s t r a t e d B o o k le t o f “

L o n d o n ,

CO M PAN Y,

L t d .,

W . C . 2.

a n d w it h o u t a n y o b l ig a t io n o n m y p a rt :_

T h e M o d ern

P h y s ic ia n . ”

N a m e ......................................................................................................................................

( S e n d th is F o r m o n a P o s t e a r d .) A d d r e s s .......................................................................................................................................

— FIRST

iio

(5) W hat is a duty ? W hen is a man on duty ? Does duty commence when a man puts on uniform or when he reaches his destination, e.g., picture palace ? (1) The Police are in charge fr o m start to finish. They "■may accept aid from a certified pupil of an ambulance class, and m ust report the cause if they decline such a id ” (Police Instructions). (2) The Police are in charge from start to fin ish , and pending the arrival of Fire Brigade take action to “ secure safety , of inmates and assist in saving property .” As above, the Police may or may not accept services of Brigade members. Note that the Police Instructions speak of “ inmates” and not “ patients” ! ! (3) The patient pays, unless taxi man offers his services or ambulance man his purse ! The person who engages the taxi cab, is in law responsible for charges. I f a First-Aider therefore wishes to avoid this extra liability, he should (1) seek first the consent of the patient, or (2) better still, delegate the decision to a police officer who is authorised to exercise his discretion and may incur such responsibility at the expense of the public funds. (4) Certainly not. The patient can do as he likes ; but a First-Aider is forbidden to encourage him in foolish decisions and may accept responsibility for the first dressing only. B ri gade Regulations (p. 19) answer the point “ engage in sick nursing under medical direction!' (5) A Duty is an occasion fo r rendering First-Aid, ordered or recognised by District Com m issioner; whereas, strictly speaking, a D rill is an occasion fo r practice in applying FirstAid, arranged by the officer-in-charge of Division. The Duty commences when Brigade member reports to Officer-in-Charge on arrival at place appointed.— N. C. F. T r e a t m e n t o f S e p t ic F in g e r . IGNORAMUS asks (1) why the treatment of a septic finger is not given in the Manual, as it so often occurs ; and (2) what treatment is advised by us. (1) By concealing your identity you break a strict rule of this Journal, but you have chosen such an appropriate pen name that I will answer your query. First Aid deals only with emergencies in which life may be lost or the (injury (or condi tion) aggravated pending the services of a doctor. The Manual, therefore, is silent about other conditions (e.g., septic finger), because ignorami, not realising the associated risks, might be tempted to ape the doctor and practise Meddlesome First A id ! 1 (2) Consult a doctor at the first opportunity lest finger or upper limb or life itself be lo s t! !— N. C. F. F r a c t u r e s o f C l a v ic l e s a n d R ib s . S. H. (Finchley).— W hat is the right course to adopt when treating simple Fractures of the upper Ribs and of Clavicle of same side ? Treat the fractured clavicle and the ribs will look after themselves ! ! The St. John Sling will prevent muscular strain, and the transverse bandage, by fixing arm to body, will serve purpose of the two bandages usually applied for a simple fracture of ribs.— N .C.F. L. W . (Brodsworth M ain).— The final competition for the “ D ew ar” Shield will be held in the early part of May, the date has not yet been definitely fixed. Apply for entrance forms, the Secretary, “ D ew ar” Shield Competition, St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, E .C .i. COLLEGE

AM BULANCE.

O T IC E is hereby given that the College of Ambulance has removed from 3, Vere-street to new premises at 56, Queen Anne-street, W .I., where the work of the College will in future be conducted. E . E. H a r r is o n , M anaging Secretary.

i r s t - a i d a n d h o m e n u r s i n g . — students prepared for examination. Class or private lessons.— W rite to J. Robertson Copland (proficiency badges F.A . and H .N .) at 39, Gordon-square, London, W .C .i.

January, 1920.

AID.—

Consistent in Results T

H E fa ct t h a t H a l l ’s W i n e h a s ju s tifie d the recom m en d atio n s of m e d i c a l m e n is n o s m a ll e v i d e n c e of its w o r th . T h i s is s h o w n by t h e many l e tte rs re c e iv e d from d o c t o r s all o v e r the c o u n tr y . For

q u arter

W in e

has

H a l l ’s

c o n siste n t fa cu lty .

support

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now

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h a ste n in g re co v e ry

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m any

illn e s s , in

w eakness,

and

It h a s u se fu l

In flu e n z a fo rm s

A n a e m ia

and

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H a lls W in e TH E SUPREME RESTORATIVE LARG E

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B O TTLES, 5 /6

Of Wine Merchants, and Grocers and Chemists with Wine Licences. S t e p h e n S m it h

& Co., L t d ., B o w , L o n d o n , E.3. I' --------

January, 1920.

—FIRST

Con tractors to the St. Jo h n Am b ula n ce Brigade.

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IN UNIFORMS.

Manufacturers of every description of

Uniform Clothing and Equipment F O R

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Jackets, Trousers, Great Coats, Caps, Belts, Gloves, Haversacks, Waterbottles, etc. E stim ates and Sam ples on request.

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pins, plaster

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— FIRST

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Price 2 S.

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Price is . Price 3s.

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No. 1 4 .— H U M A N B O D Y . - S H O W I N G A R T E R I E S A P R E S S U R E P O IN TS . Coloured. Price, 6 d . T H E W H O L E A R T O F B A N D A G IN G . By T H E K L A B O W S E R , F .J .I . Introdmction bv Ja m e s C a n t l i e , F.R.C.S. Illus. Post free, I s . 2d P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G O U T & M A K IN G UP H O S P ITA L G A R M E N T S FO R S IO K & W O U N D E D . (Atproved by the Red Cross Society). Illustrated. Post free, I S . 2 d . A S H O R T C O U R S E O F P H Y S IC A L TR A IN IN G . By A LLA N BROM AN, P r ic e IB, 8d. p o s t fre e . JO H N

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F IR S T

B. C M.G., C .I.E ., D.S.O., M.D., M .R .C .I’.E , D.P.H.(Lond.), Knight of Grace of St. John, Member of the Order of Mercy, Kaiser-i-Hind Medalist, Barrister-at-Law, Asst.-Commissioner St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas.

Eighth Edition.

“ W e com mend this book to Lecturers a n d S tudents who w ill fin d it o f great service."— F i r s t A i d .

H IN T S

BLACKHAM ,

Fifth Edition.

W HEREFO RE

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January, 1920.

AI D. —

ST R E E T ,

& CO., Ltd., LON DON,

E O 4.

POSTAL IHS TRUC TIOH In « PRESCRIPTION RE A D IH G ” and “ ELEMENTARY DISPEHSIHG.” Everyone engaged in F I R S T A I D work should take up above Courses at once.

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A p p l y ( s ta m p ) to M r . J . E . W a l d b n , S e c ., W e s t m in s t e r C o l le g e ( L a d y D isp e n se rs S e e tio n o f th e W e s t m in s t e r C o l le g e o f C h e m is t r y a n d P h a r m a c y , e s td . 1874),

SEND FOR PRICE LIST AND PATTERNS TO I -

Contractors for:— St. John Ambulance Brigade; British Red Cross, &c.; Officers and Privates; also for Army, Navy, Police and Fire Brigades.

(F R B D

E .C .

“ FIRST A ID ” QUERY and REPLIES COUPON. T e be cut out a n d enclosed w ith a l l Queries J a n .,

19 20 .

FIRST AND

ST.

JOHN

TH E

AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 3 0 8 . - V o l .

X X V I,

N O T IC E

FEBRUARY,

AID

-----

1920

GAZETTE.

DALE. PRICE THREEPENCE

[E ntered a t S .a ito n e n ' H a lt.)

[3/6

P er

A n n u m , P o st

F r e e

In this c o n n e c t io n he points out that during the war

R EAD ER S.

grants were m a d e to the auxiliary hospitals, on the basis o f o c c u p ie d beds, by the W a r Office, on the re c o m m e n d a t io n

FIRST AID is published on the aoth of each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

o f the

Its aim and object being the advancement Ot Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and also welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers.

H e a d q u a r t e rs

reported

difficulty.

and and

D isp u tes

be tw ee n

county

directors,

hospita l

the W a r Office, a n d re presentations on a dm inistra tive and financial matters, too n um erous to detail, were m a d e to the W a r O ffice by the H e a d q u a r t e rs S ta ff o f the R e d Cross. . T h i s system w orke d e x t re m e ly well during the war,

s cra m b le

don e, for the alon g

It is e v id e n t that s o m e th in g

hospitals

they

are

ca n n o t

d o in g

a llo w ed to

present.

our

opinio n, this seem s to offer the best means, for it w o u ld c o n se rv e

O f recent months, attention has been

to the

re ceiv ed, hospitals

A lw a y s w orkin g in close co-o peration

ments o f civilian hospitals ?

ED ITO RIAL.

o f reform

the

authorities, a n d local W a r O ffice c o m m a n d s were settled

must

needs

w h ich

from

but the question is, can it be a d a p t e d to m eet the require

Telegraphic A ddress: “ Twentv-four, London.” Telephone No. 54.77 Bank.

H ospitals.

C ross,

dir ect betw een the H e a d q u a r t e r s a n d the h e ad officials at

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., L t d ., 46, Cannon S tre e t, London, E.C. 4.

in the da ily P ress

Red

app licatio n s

with the W a r Office, the R e d C r o ss dealt with all poin ts o f

Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

drawn

the

c o u n t y directors.

A ll Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied [not necessarily *or Publication ) by the name and address of the Correspondent.

V olun tary

on,

the dire

secu re

vo lu ntary h u m an

ch a ra cter o f

re lation sh ip

the

hospitals

and

d o cto r

and

b e tw ee n

patients. T h e p ro b lem set before the R e d C r o s s to carry out

in our hospitals, and

state o f their finances, w hich are

the

m a ny

schem es

w h ich

are

hand

present

m a ny

b y no means a d e q u a t e to m eet the co n sta nt increase in

difficulties, a n d a m o n g st them the proposal d e ta iled abov e,

the costs o f

but with a free and full discussio n there is no reason w hy

m aintainance.

M a n y H o s p ita ls

have long

waiting lists o f beds, and their out-p atients’ departm ents

are in ad e q u a te to c o p e with the crow d o f cases.

service w hich is a v a ilab le to help the State.

M r. Basil

way

sh o u ld

not

found

use

the

vo lu n ta ry

M a y h ew , the w ell-known au th o rity on

hospital finance and Secretary to the Join t F i n a n c e C o m in an intere sting article in T he

T h e r e is no reason to think, writes G e n e r a l H . M e n d s ,

Tim es rece ntly, points out that the present state o f affairs

D e p u t y C o n tro lle r o f the Territo rial B r a n c h o f the St. J o h n

mittee o f the R e d C ross,

c a n n o t be suffered to continue. take o ver the w hole task ?

Is the Sta te to step in and

O r is it to be d e leg a ted to the

m un ic ipal authorities ? T h e argum ents for a n d against e ach o f these co urses are set forth, a n d the further suggestion that the R e d C ro ss S o c ie ty should act as the central c o ordin atin g authority is discussed . to reject all three propositio ns,

Mr. M a y h e w is in clined a n d to offer

instead

a p o ssible solution “ a partnership o f the R e d C ro ss and the S ta te .”

A m b u l a n c e A s s o c ia t io n (W e s t R i d i n g o f Y o r k s h i r e s e c tion), in regard to the p r o b a b l e positio n o f the V o l u n t a r y A i d D e t a c h m e n t s in the new Territo rial F o rc e , that the A r m y C o u n c il is likely, or c o u ld desire, to go against the wishes o f those w h o ha ve so fully justified their existence, and it m ay be tak en for g r an ted that the p osition o f the d e tach m en ts will not be m u c h c h a n g e d as regard s their m ili tary duties. B u t p ro b a b ly a large majority o f m e m b er s are n ot likely to be c o n te n t with the o bliga to ry n u m b e r o f drills laid d o w n in the regu lations, and it is h o p e d that a ny spare time ava ilab le will be d e v o t e d to the w ork o f the M in istries o f H e a l t h and Pen sio n s.

— FIRST

1 *4

, o' v'*Ujj f III

“

Grand Jriorg of the Order of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BULANCE

D EP A R TM EN T.

The St. John .Ambulance Srigade. No. 1 District.

DISTRICT” ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r : W . H. W IN N Y , O .B.E.

-----

M A R C H , 1920. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 7th.— No. 40 Division, Beckton. „ 14th.— No. 41 „ Woolwich. „ 2 lst.--N o . 42 „ Barnet. „ 28th.— No. 44 „ W. London. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m.

February 1920.

On February 21th the Division holds its first smoking concert at headquarters (Y.M .C.A. Hall, Willoughby-road), and will welcome members of other divisions.

R o y a l K e n s in g t o n (N o. 70) D iv is io n .— A church parade was held in Paddington on January 4th, under Supt. R. W. Stone. The service was conducted at St. Luke’s Church, West Kilburn, by Rev. G. E. Higgins, one of the vice-presi dents, who welcomed the members of the Brigade. There was a good attendance, headquarters being repre sented by Dr. J. Carvell, Assistant Commissioner, supported by Ambulance Officer Claridge (Wembley and Harlesden Division), and N.C.O ’s and members from the Nos, 11, 44, 54, 56 and 77 Divisions. The Division held its first social and dance for the year at the division headquarters on January 2nd, and was a great success, under the direction of Pte. J. Owen, who is to be con gratulated. The next one is to be held on March 26th.

Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m.

D E W A R S ’ S H IE L D C O M P E T IT IO N . The final inter-district competition for the Dewar Shield will take place in London at Cannon-street Hotel on May 13th. Prelim inary competitions will be held in this district for the selection of a team to represent the Prince of W ales’ Corps in the final competition. Any ambulance division desirous of entering a team should communicate with headquarters at once, when further particulars will be forwarded. NAM ES AND A D D R ESSES OF M EM BERS. In view of the possibility that members, both ambulance and nursing, may be required for emergency duty at short notice, it is important that the list of private and business addresses of members, which should be kept by the D ivisional Superintendent, shall be kept up to date. Members should be advised to notify any change promptly. O R G A N IS A T IO N O F D IV IS IO N A L M E E T IN G . Some members complain that the Divisional drills and practices lack interest. Superintendents are advised that good results usually follow when a monthly or thrice monthly pro gramme is prepared and circulated amongst the members well in advance. The more varied this programme is, the more likely it is to be attractive. For example, for ambulance divi sions, in addition to the ordinary squad drill, an occasional evening should be given to improvised wagon drill ; another night to litter d rill— a practice in carrying patients on stretchers up and down narrow staircases or lifting over obstacles. Qualified persons may be induced to lecture on subjects ana logous to first aid and of special interest to members of the Brigade. Interest should be stimulated by having the pro gramme settled well in advance of the time that the events arranged for are to take place, so that members may be able to keep dates open and make a point of attending. (Signed

AI D. —

W . H. W IN N Y ,

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenwell E.C,

Commissioner.

IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . H a m p s t e a d ( N o . 20) D i v i s i o n .— On February 5th Pte. W . G. W ickens organised his annual concert at St. Stephen’s H a ll in aid of Divisional funds. A large and appreciative audience thoroughly enjoyed the excellent programme pro vided by Pte. W ickens and his friends, to whom the best thanks of the Division are due for their willing and generous support.

No. 4 District. M a n c h e s t e r . — The Gorton Division gave a reception to ex-service members on January 10th. The Lord Mayor of Manchester (Alderman Tom Fox) handed over the decorations and awards won by the members during the war. There was a good attendance of the public. The following eight naval and military honours have been won :— Sub-Lieut. Norman Roberts, M ilitary Cross and D is tinguished Medal ; Sergt.-Major G. Hall, Meritorious Medal ; Lance Corpl. T. Pass, Pte. J. E . Beesley and Pte. G. Platt, M ilitary Medal ; Corpl. A. W right and Mrs. T. Brownhill (on behalf of Sergt. T. Brownhill) Mentioned in Despatches, Mr. F. Hargreaves, Secretary of the Manchester Centre of the St. John Ambulance Association, proposed a vote of thanks to the Lord Mayor. It was a good thing for the City of Manchester, he said, that they had a Lord Mayor who could take part in things that were realities in the life of the city. Colonel C. J. Trimble, Commissioner for No. 4 District, said he had been deeply interested in the work of the Order. He believed he commenced association with it in 1883, and had been working for it ever since. H e had been connected with the Brigade since 1890. They ought to try to develop its usefulness. They had prospered from the beginning, and had displayed a good deal of foresight. They furnished to the Admiralty and Navy 22,000 men. From Gorton 32 men were sent out, of whom four lost their lives.

No. 5 District. S C U N T H O R P E . — On January 21st a pleasant evening was spent by the members of the Ambulauce and Nursing D iv i sions. The occasion was a welcome home to the members who have been on active service and have now returned to civil life. About 60 members of the local divisions were on service, chiefly in the R.A .M .C., but members of all branches of the services were represented. The guests were.received by Lady Supt. Ashdown and Supt. H. S. McIntosh. Short addresses of welcome were given by the two officers mentioned, after which a programme of vocal and instrumental music was gone through. After refreshments had been handed round, Supt. M cIntosh pointed out the inevitable increase in the require ments of the district as regards ambulance and first aid work, and asked for the loyal co-operatio* and help of all concerned n building up a thoroughly efficient and capable organisation. He congratulated Ambulance Officer Mason on having secured a clasp to his long service (Order of St. John) medal, marking 20 years’ efficient service, and Sergt. Clarke, who has been awarded the medal for 15 years’ service. Ambulance Officer Mason, on behalf of the service mem bers, expressed his thanks for the very delightful evening, and hoped that this would not be the last of such re-unions. Lady Supt. Ashdown,’ as^hostess, suitably responded.

February 1920

— FIRST

No. 6 District. G a te s h e a d .—

In connection with the Ambulance and Nursing Division, a welcome home was given on January 21st at Low Fell to 38 members of the ambulance division after their return from active service. The Gateshead Fell Division is the oldest in the district north of Hull, having been formed in 1894 by the late Mr. John Adolphus Harrison. On the outbreak of war 40 of the 62 mem bers volunteered for service, and of the 39 who returned, 38 were welcomed last night. Only one member, Pte. T. Lumley, lost his life. The arrangements were in the hands of Ambulance Officer J. B. Hardy, Lady Supt. Miss Lawson, Nursing Officer Mrs. Fisher, hon. secretary of the Nursing Division, Mrs. Boggan, Sergt. H. G. Atkinson, and a committee representing both divisions. Amongst those present, in addition to the fore going, were the Assistant Commissioner for Durham County, Dr. R. Anderson ; Dr. Boleyn, Div. Surgeon of the Nursing Division, and Mrs. Boleyn ; Supt. M. Pearson, and Mrs. J. B. Hardy. Dr. Anderson presided at the welcoming proceedings, W ishing the returned men good luck, the chairman briefly ex tended a greeting to the returned men. They had done good service, he said, and many of them had gained distinctions. Dr. Boleyn, on behalf of the Nursing Division, also ex tended a welcome, and expressed the hope that the service seen by the men abroad would be the means of broadening their ambulance experience, and that the knowledge gained would be of considerable service for the public good. Supt. Pearson and other returned members expressed their appreciation of the good wishes of the Division. No. 12 (Irish) District.

The Returns Cup for the best kept records in the district has been won by— Naas Nursing Division, Lady Supt. Miss Moore ; the runners up were— Alexandra College Nursing Division, Lady Supt., Mrs. Thompson ; Ballinasloe Nursing Division, Lady Supt., The Hon. Georgiana Dillon ; Bray Nursing Division, Lady Supt., Mrs. Ramadge. The Middleton Curtis Shield for the best kept records in the City of Dublin Corps has been won by— St. Stephen’s Green Nursing Division, Lady Supt., Mrs. Rowlette ; the runners up were— W. & R. Jacob & Co.’s Nursing Division, Lady Supt., Miss B arrington; City of Dublin Nursing D iv i sion, Lady Supt., Miss Moubray. No. 8 District. M a i d s t o n e . — The annual meeting of the Ambulance and Nursing Division was held at the Town Hall, Maidstone, on February 4th. The Mayor (Alderman J. Tomlm) presided, and was supported by the Mayoress (M rs. Tomlin, Col. F. S. W . Cornwallis, Councillor W. H. Martin, Supt. P. W. Hawkes Ambulance Officers W. J. Beecher, -J. C. Dunk and A. j ’. Maxid, Mrs. Wootten, M iss Tooms, M iss Dunm ill, and amongst those present were the Chief Constable (M r. A. C. Mackintosh), Mr. B. W. Hayes, Dr. and Mrs. Southey, Mrs. W. H . Martin, Hon. Ambulance Officer J. T. Pickard. The Mayor remarked that everyone recognised the good work the St. John Ambulance Brigade had done for the town during the last few years. Under the guidance of Councillor Martin and the officers, they had established the Brigade on a sound footing and he hoped it would continue to prosper. Supt. Hawkes in his annual report stated that the divi sion had a total strength of 65 members. A recruits’ class with 20 had been formed, and these had been trained under the supervision of Dr. Bradley, who had recently been appointed Deputy Divisional Surgeon. The V .A .D . had 51 members, and they concluded their work as night orderlies at the local V .A .D . Hospital on May 6th. Examinations of the Brigade had been conducted by Dr. Travers, Divisional Surgeon, Dr. Southey and Dr. Bradley, and all the members passed. The purchase of the motor ambulance was recorded and its use for the first time on Peace Day, when 40 minor cases were treated.

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The Transport Officer’s, Treasurer’s and Lady Supt.’s report was then submitted and showed satisfactory progress. The reports having been adopted, Ambulance officer Beecher proposed a vote of thanks to the retiring President, Councillor W. H. Martin, who had been a most loyal friend and wise counsellor. Supt. Hawkes seconded, and said the Brigade was going to ask Mr. Martin to become vice-President. The officers and members of the division had all subscribed for a rose bowl, which he asked the Mayor to present to Mr. Martin as a token of their appreciation of his services and kindness. The mayor, in supporting the motion, said during his mayoralty Mr. Martin raised sufficient money to equip and send two ambulances to France. In asking his acceptance of the gift, the Mayor wished him a long life to continue his deep interest with the Brigade. Mr. Martin suitably responded.

Jpractical joints. The E d itor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to good and bad boints in Treatment— ror inclusion in this Column.

A M a n “ D r o w n e d ” in W h e a t . A man employed in a flour M ill fell into a hopper and was buried in the wheat. H is dead body was discovered through his cap being found on the top of a heap jof wheat.— J. L. C., Tufnell Park. P r a c t ic a l a n d E f f ic ie n t F ir s t -A id e r . A workman, aged 35, had a remarkable escape in a Rope W orks recently. H is clothing was caught in the shafting and he was whirled round rapidly. H is father was standing on a beam near the shafting, and as his son’s body whirled round he repeatedly dashed it aside and prevented it from striking the beam. The man’s body made at least 50 revolutions before the shafting could be stopped, but when extricated he was none the worse.— D. M., Fleet-street. J u s t if ia b l e I n t e r f e r e n c e . One evening after supper I was disturbed by a noise in the street outside my house. Going out I found a large crowd gathered round a patient who had evidently been thrown from a motor cycle and was sitting— dazed and confused— on the kerbstone. I reached the patient just as a gentleman was about to administer a stiff glass of whisky, which I intercepted, while in fear and yet, I hope, with discrimination, I asked if he was a medical man. When he, slearly resenting my inter ference, replied that he was not. Then, I said, that being a qualified First Aider I would take charge of the patient. Thereupon he told me that a policeman had already done so and had now gone to telephone for ambulance. I declined further discussion with the gentleman and at once addressed the driver of a small motor car which was standing near ; ex plained the situation and invited him to take the patient and myself to hospital, about 350 yards away. This he did without further delay and afterwards insisted on driving me to my house, which we reached just as the hospital ambulance with three policemen drove up to the scene of accident ! !— C. W., Hampstead. S u f f o c a t e d in a F i t . Recently, a man aged 47, died suddenly. At the inquest he was stated to have had a fit when dressing, and falling on the floor to have been suffocated by the stiff, high collar he was wearing.— E. M. New Cross.

When corresponding with Advertisers please mention “ First Aid ”

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Official Brigade G azette. JA N U A R Y , 1920. The following transfer has been santioned by the Chief Commissioners, Brigade Overseas and at Home :— Col. Robert James Blackham, C.B., C.M .G., C .l.E . D.S.O., M.D. (formerly Assistant Commissioner for Brigade Overseas), to be Assistant Commissioner for the County of Essex, No. 10 District, 20.1.20. T h e C h ie f Com m issioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— N o 1 D is t r ic t (P r in c e o f W a l e s ’s C o r ps ). No. 2 Nursing Division.— Divisinoal Surgeon Dr. Pen nington resigned 27.1.20, and is transferred to the Reserve. No. 11 (Wembley and Harlesden) Division. — Major Charles E. Goddard, C.B .E., M.D., to be Divisional Surgeon, 22.1.20. No. 24 (Lambeth) Division.— Sergt. James Carley to be Ambulance Officer, 37.1.20. No. 28 (Harrow) Division.— Sergt. H. H. Ketley to be Ambulance Officer, 23.1.20. No. 44 (West London) Division. — Divisional Supt. Capt. A. W. Journet resigned, 30.1.20. No. 41 (Royal Arsenal) Division.— Ambulance Officer F. C. Wolley to be Divisional Supt., 26.1.20. No. 47 (L.B . & S.C.Ry.) Division.— A. A. Angelis, M.D., to be Divisional Surgeon, 24.1.20. No. 63 (W . H. Smith & Sons) Division.— Supt. E. W allis resigned, and is transferred to the Reserve, 16.1.20. Ambu lance Officer Thomas M cBride to be Divisional Supt., 15.1.20, vice Supt. E. W allis, resigned. No. 72 (Barking) Division.— Thomas Scanlan, M.B., Ch.B., B.A.O., to be Divisional Surgeon, 4.12.12, vice Dr. F. E. Gibbons, resigned, 31.12.19. Northern Heights Division.— Frederick H. Crowdy, M.D., to be Divisional Surgeon, 24.1.20. N o . 2 D is t r ic t .

Buckingham Nursing D ivision.— Lady Supt. M iss R. Roots resigned, 5.1.20. City of Bristol Corps (Clifton Division).— 1st Class Sergt. R. W. Bradley to be Ambulance Officer, 5.1.20, vice H. Bick nell, transferred to the Reserve. Southampton Corps (Woolston Nursing Division).— Arthur Anderson Rogers, M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.1.20. N o. 3 D is t r ic t .

Birmingham Corps (Y.W .C.A. Nursing Division).— N urs ing Sister M iss A. V. Devey to be Nursing Officer, 9.1.20. Birmingham Nursing Corps. - Lady Corps Treasurer Mrs. M. Heaton, O .B .E , to be Lady Corps Supt., 31.12.19, v 'ce Mrs. Porter, promoted. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Bournville Nursing D iv i sion).— Edward E. Mather, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Sur geon, 16.1.20. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Harborne Nursing Division). — M iss Ann W right to be Lady Divisional Supt., 16.1.20, vice Miss Hugh Smith, resigned.

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February, 1920

Birmingham Nursing Corps (Oratory Nursing Division). — M iss Gertrude Cox to be Lady Divisional Supt., 16.1.20. Dudley and District Corps (Dudley Division).— Sergt. H. Webb to be 1st Class Sergt., 23.1.20. Kettering Co-operative Clothing Nursing D ivision.— Arnold G. Tolputt, M .R.C.S., L.R .C .P ., to be Divisional Sur geon, 15.12.19. Jennie Watson to be Lady Divisional Supt., 15.12.19. W inifred S. P. M orris to be Nursing Officer, 15.12.19. Leicester Corps.— Nursing Sister Ellen Maud Grimsley to be Corps Treasurer, 16.1.20. Leicester Corps (The Tower Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Eleanor Mary Buckler to be Nursing Officer, 16.1.20. Wilnecote D ivision.— C. M. Whiteside, M .B , Ch.B., To be Divisional Surgeon, 17.1.20. G. Parker to be Ambulance Officer, 17.1 20. Wellingborough Corps (Rushden Nursing Division).— Miss W. M. Cave to be Lady Divisional Supt., 24.1.20, vice Mrs. Tomlinson, resigned. No. 4 D i s t r i c t .

Birkdale (Southport) Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss Vanda Mary Jackson to be Lady Divisional Supt., I.1.20, vice Miss F. C. Jackson, reverted to Nursing Officer, 1.1.20. Nursing Sister E. Crosland to be Nursing Officer, 1.1.20. Blackpool Ambulance Division.— Ambulance Officer T. Donnelly to be Divisional Supt., 23.1.20, vice Divisional Supt. C. Gosling, resigned, 16.1.20. Dalton-in-Furness Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. resigned her appointment, 16.1.20. Liverpool Corps (Liverpool Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Julia McCabe to be Lady Divisional Supt., 20.1.20, vice Mrs. Aberc-ombie, resigned. Miss Sibyl Clarke to be Nursing Officer, 20.1.20. Manchester and Salford Corps (North Manchester D ivi sion).— Ambulance Officer J. G arlick to be Divisional Supt., 12.1.20. Manchester and Salford Corps (Openshaw Nursing D iv i sion).— Nursing Officer Catherine A. Worthington to be Lady Divisional Supt., 16.1.20, vice Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Florence Nicholson resigned and transferred to the Reserve, 2.1.20. Oldham Corps.— Corps Surgeon'and Supt. J. B. W ilkinson resigned, 20.1.20, and is transferred to the Reserve. Reddish Nursing Division.— Mrs. Margaret Tonge to be Lady Divisional Supt., 23.1.20. Mrs. Annie W ard to be Nurs ing Officer, 27.1.20. Warrington Corps (Crosfield Division).— Sergt. Henry Flood to be Divisional Supt., 26.1.20. Corpl. John W. Mellor to be Ambulance Officer, 26.1.20. Warrington Corps (Headquarters Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Alice Lilian Monks to be Lady Divisional Supt., 5.1.20, vice Mrs. Warhurst, resigned, 29 11.19. Nursing Sister J. W illiam s to be Nursing Officer, 5.1.20 W arrington Corps (St. Austin’s Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister A. W alker to be Nursing Officer, 7.1.20 No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Bentley Colliery Division.— J. W alker, M.D., Ch.B., D .P .H ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 12.11.19. W. L . Walker, M.B , Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 13.11.19. Robert Clive to be Divisional Supt., 12.11.19. Biddulph and District Corps (Biddulph Division).— Sergt. Fred Powell to be Ambulance Officer, 20.1.20.

February, i 92o,

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Bradford Co-operative Nursing Division.— M iss L. W ells to be Lady Divisional Supt., 23.12.19. Bradford “ Io n a ” Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Fanny Cooper to be Nursing Officer, 14.1.20. Denaby Main Corps (Denaby Main Nursing Division).— Miss Gertrude Clayton to be Nursing Officer, 19.1.20. Gainsborough Division. — George Douglas Cairns, M.B., Ch.B., D .P.H ., to be Divisional Surgeon, 3.1.20. Heeley Division.— J. H. Bainbridge to-be Ambulance Officer, 13.1.20. Morley and District Corps (M orley and Ardsley Division). — Joseph Edwin Blakeley to be Divisional Supt., 27.1.20. Sheepbridge Division.— Thomas John Hollins, M.D., to be Divisional Surgeon, 21.1.20. John Thomas Goodwin to be Divisional Supt., 21.1.20. Spen Valley Corps (Cleckheaton Division).--Am bulance Officer James Saville to be Divisional Supt., 1.5.20, vice Supt. J. W. Swales, promoted to Corps Officer. No. 6 D is t r ic t . Divisional Supt. Frederick P. W ilson to be District Officer, 19.1.20. Hepworth Nursing D ivision.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss E. Leinster, M .B.E., resigned the Divisional Superintendentship of the above Division 15.1.20., and remains in the Brigade as Lady Supt. unattached. H ull Corps.— Sergt. George Hampson to be Corps Officer, 26.1.20. Ambulance Officer Herbert Bartrop to be Corps Officer, 27.1.20. Malton and Norton Division.— Ambulance Officer J. D. Rowntree to be Divisional Supt., 16.1.20, vice Supt, S. Roe, re signed, 31.12,19. Middlesbotough Central Division.— Sergt. John W alker to be Divisional Supt., 10.1.20, vice F. P. W ilson, promoted. No. 7 D is t r ic t . Lady Corps Supt. Miss C. E. Hughes to be Lady D istrict Supt., 20.12.19. Worfield Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Mrs. R. H. Evans to be Lady Divisional Supt., 13.1.20. No. 8 D is t r ic t . Canterbury Division.— Sergt. Frank G. Link to be T rans port Officer, 26.1.20. Canterbury Nursing Division.— Miss Maud Clements to be Nursing Officer, 15.1.20. Mrs. Carson to be Nursing Officer, 16.1.20. M iss E. A. Smith to be Nursing Officer, 17.1.20. Miss C. Rivaz to be Nursing Officer, 18.1.20. N o. 9 D

is t r ic t .

D istrict Staff.— The Hon. D. K. Watson resigns the post of District Secretary, 15.1.20. Newton Abbot Corps (Teignmouth Division).— B. W. Mortor. Palmer, M.D., B.Ch., to be Divisional Supt., 10.1.20, vice Rev. T. Clark, resigned, 17.11.11. N o . 13 D i s t r i c t .

Ipswich Corps.— Lady Divisional Supt. M ary W right to be Lady Corps Secretary, 22.1.20, vice Mrs. Hawe resigned. Ipswich Corps (Gippeswyk Division). - Corpl. W. C. Smith to be Ambulance Officer, 10.1.20. Divisions sanctioned and disbanded :— No. 2 D is t r ic t . Portswood Nursing Division.— Disbanded, 5.1.20. Romsey Nursing Division.— Disbanded, 5.1.20. Railway Division (Oxford Corps).— To be known as the West Oxford Division (Oxford Corps), 5.1.20. No. 1 D is t r ic t . The following Divisions now cease to exist :— Beilis and Morcom Ambulance Division. Coventry Central Ambulance Division. Coventry Co-Operative Ambulance Division. Flore Ambulance Division.

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Ringstead Ambulance Division. Ringstead Nursing Division. R o ll of H on o ur. Pte. W. B. Bootland, Bridlington Y.M .C.A ., 1st Garrison Battn., Yorkshire Regt. Pte. Fred Budden, Bridlington Y.M .C.A., 5th East Yorkshire Regt. Pte. W. Lawson, Liverpool. Pte. W . W . Lunt, Liverpool. A w a r d s a n d D e c o r a t io n s . Pte. Wm. Hartley. Liverpool, M ilitary Medal. Pte. Wm. King, Liverpool, Meritorious Service Medal. Ambulance Officer W. Stephenson, Springwell Colliery, Belgian Medaille Civique (2nd Class). J a m e s R. A n d r e w C l a r k (Colonel), C hief Commissioner.

S t. John V olun tary Aid D etach m en ts. A p p o in t m e n t s , R e s ig n a t io n s

and P ro m o tio n s .

A n t r im . Antrim 2 disbanded December, 1919. H a m p s h ir e . Mrs. Horne resigned the Commandantship of Hants 126 and the Detachment disbanded. L ondon. M iss S. Portlock-Dadson resigned the Commandantship of London 96, 9.12.19. M iss M. Carrington to be Quartermaster of London 248, 30.12.19. London 11 disbanded, 12.1.20. Su r r e y . W . W illiam son resigned the Commandantship of Surrey 37 and the Detachment disbanded, 21.11.19. Mrs. C. Lankester resigned the Commandantship of Surrey 138, 8.1.20. W. Y o rks. W . R. Yorks 174 disbanded. Award of the Royal Red Cross to V .A .D . members workin St. John A uxiliary Hospitals — F ir s t C la s s . M iss L. H icks, Highbury Aux. Hospital, Birmingham. Seco n d C lass. Miss M. E. Ainley, The Elland Aux. Hospital, York. M iss D. Boyd, Allerton Aux. Hospital, Sutton Coldfield. M iss M. A. Brindley, St. John Pensions Hospital, Shrewsbury M iss W. Clark, Arnold Aux. Hospital, Doncaster. M iss E. Coates, Nunthorpe H a ll Aux. Hospital, Yorks. Miss I. Clegg, St. John Ambulance D rill Hall, Rochdale. Miss E. de Trafford, M ilitary Home Hospital, Moor Park. Preston. M iss A. A. Gardner, Broadway Aux. Hospital, Ipswich. M iss E. Germon, V .A .D Hospital, Newton Abbot, Devon. Mrs. J. Horncastle, St. John V.A .D . Hospital, Hull. Miss V. M. Jackson, St. John V.A .D . Hospital, Southport. Mrs. A. Jugenson, Home Mead Aux. Hospital, Lymington. Mrs. M. Palmer, 1st Durham Aux. Hospital, Durham. Miss I. Patton, St. John V.A .D . Hospital, Hull. Mrs. K. Percival, V.A .D . Hospital, Towcester. M iss P. Pilkington, Wentworth House Aux. Hospital, W ake field.

n8 M iss M iss M iss M iss M iss M iss

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E. A. Potter, Norland Aux. Hospital, Erdington. K. E. Stanyon, Knighton Aux. Hospital, Leicester. F. A. Stratton, V.A .D . Hospital, Brackley. K. Sutcliffe, Fernhill Aux. Hospital, Bacup. I. W alker, Wentworth House Aux. Hospital, Wakefield. C. Wilmot-Smith, W hite Rose Aux. Hospital, Wakefield. M e n t io n e d in G a z e t t e . 12.1.20.

F rance. Davis, Elfrida, Glamorgan 36. N icolls, Florence Mary, London, 146. E g ypt. Bostwick, Ada Edith, Derby 30 Bowman, Anne, W .R . Yorks 32. Fry, Edith Mary, Somerset 12. Plower, Mildred Dorothy Moss, Bristol 2. Quarmby, Louisa Margaret, Dorset 86. Rait, Charlotte, Glasgow 10. I taly. Agnew, Amy, Belfast 2. Armstrong, Joan, Belfast 28. Buvton, Sadie Prince, Derby 34. Hawthorn, Nesta, Staffs. 6. H arris, Dorothy Clare, Sussex 150. Hilditch, Marjorie Francis Johnston, London 232. M e s o p o t a m ia . Park, Christina, Northumberland, 76. S a l o n ik a . Beard, Agnes Louisa, Lonnon 226. Fraser, Jean, Inverness 14. Wood, Majorie May Cecil, Hants 220. C ross o f C h a r it y (S e r b ia ). More, Mrs. Florence Struthers, Antrim 36. Ord er

o f C h r is t (P o r t u g a l ). Chevalier— 26.11.19. Bryden, Violet Isabel, Dorset 66. Morgan, Gladys, Glamorgan 40.

AMBULANCE

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February, 1920.

The Grand Priory of th e Order of the H ospital of S t. John of Jerusalem in England. Chancery o f the O rder, S t. John's G ate, C lerken w ell, L o n d o n , E . C ., fa n . 1 4 th , 1920.

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s C h apla in :

The Bishop of Ripon. A s K n ig h ts o f G race :

S ir W illiam Borradaile Savory, Bt. Colonel Arthur Lisle Ambrose Webb, C.B., C.M .G., M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P. Lieut.-Col. W illiam Dugald Stuart. Surgeon Vice Admiral Sir W illiam Henry Norman, K.C.B., M .R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Brigadier-General Sir Herbert W illiam Wilberforce, K .B .E., C.B., C.M.G. A s L ad ies o f G r a c e :

The Viscountess Northcliffe, G.B.E. The Lady George Nevill. A s H o n o ra ry Serv in g B ro th e rs :

Arthur George Ford. Frederick Charles Thurlow. W illiam Henry Death. Joseph Mellor. Ernest Stephen Brown. A s H onorary Serv in g Sisters :

Ruby Norah, Miss Figgis. Augusta Isabel, M iss Woodward. Barbara, Miss Norris Jones. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H onorary A ssociates :

O .B.E. (M ilitary). M iss Geraldine M ary Cross, Hants 34. R .R .C . (2nd Class). Miss Gladys Bell, London 128. Miss Eileen Webber. D eath s. No.

6 D is tr ic t .

Divisional Surgeon Capt. D. H . Davy. Argyle Division (H u ll Corps), reported 17.1.20. M iss Aileen Powers Peel, Gandia! Im perial Detachment. M iss R ita M cIntyre, Donegal 2. M iss G. H. Martin, Cheshire 126. M iss Ryda Rees, Cardigan 12.

Lieut.-Col. George Washington Badgerow, C.M .G., F.R.C.S., M.B. Captain Edwin Charlesworth. John Clough Thresh, M .D., D.Sc., D .P.H . Lieut.-Col. Duncan Campbell Lloyd Fitzwilliams, M.D.. F.R.C.S.. R .A .M .C .(T .F.) Alexander Thomas Scott, M .R.C.S., L.S.A. Major Fane Andrew James Macfarlane, D.S.O. Robert George McGowan, M.D., D .P.H . F ebruary 6 th , 1920 . A s K n ig h t o f Justice {from K n ig h t o f Grace) :

The E a rl of Yarborough, P.C. A s L ad ies o f Justice (from L ad ies o f G race) :

The Countess of Yarborough. Lady Royds. A s K n ig h ts o f G race :

H is M ajesty’s Stationary Office regret that, the orders for Sir George Newm an’s R eport on Preventive M edicine being so numerous, they have been unable to despatch copies as qu ick ly as they would have wished. A ll orders are being dealt with as prom ptly as possible, in rotation, and as supplies are received from the printers. It is not anticipated that there w ill be more than a few days delay.

Basil Howard Alers Hankey, C.B.E. The Right Hon. Thomas Francis Malony. A s L a d ies o f G race :

M ary Margaret, Mrs. Stewart Mackenzie of Seaforth, C.B.E. U na Constance, Mrs. Pope-Hennessy. Ellen Louisa, Mrs. W ray. The Hon. Lady Bellingham. The Viscountess Powerscourt.

February, 1920.

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A s E s q u ir e s :

Lieut.-Col. George Horne, M .D., A.M .S., Australia (from H o n orary Associate). Francis Hepburn Chevallier-Boutell (from Honorary Asso ciate). Lieut.-Col. W illoughby Bullock (from Honorary Serving Brother). Brodrick R ich Farrar Pixley. Henry Peter Hansell, C.V.O. A s H onorary S e rv in g Brothers

Albert Ernest Fisher. Joseph Alexander W illis. Lieut.-Col. Henry W illiam Madoc, C.B .E. W illiam Gates Lambert. John Cloake. A s H onorary S e rv in g S is t e r s :

Elizabeth Ann, Miss Dowse, R.R.C. Alice Mary, Miss Tuck. Blanche, M iss Wood, A .R .R .C. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H o n o ra ry A ssociates :

H arry Gordon Cooper, M .B.E., M.B., M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P. Marcus Henry Bulteel, M .R.C.S., L .R .C .P . Herbert Watson Southey, M .R.C.S., L.R .C.P. Sidney Robert Alexander, M.D., M .R.C.S.

V.A.D’s Su m m ary of W ork for January. T h e r e ha ve been a g o o d m a n y cha n ge s since our last notes were written c h a n g e o f premises not b ein g the least, as we ha ve n ow m o ve d our he adquarters to 19, B e r k e le y Street, W i . and are co m fo rta b ly settled in there. Anyone n ow callin g sh o u ld go to room 29 where all enquiries will be a nsw ered b y the C o m m a n d a n t as before, a n d will also pass m em bers on to other departm ents if necessary. A g o o d m a ny m em bers still c o m e in for interviews, and we ha ve tdat several parties passing throu gh the hall on be ing dem obilised.

M il it a r y

D epartm en t.

T h e M ilitary D e p a r tm en t re cord that th e y are still filling a g o o d m a ny vacancies, a n d can fill more, in the Pe n sio n s H osp itals, as requisitions still c o m e in for these H o s p ita ls under the Ministry o f Pe nsions. T h o s e a p p o in te d are u n der the sam e rules and co n d itio n s as in M ilitary H o s pitals, with the exception that third class railway warrants are issued on application, no leave v o u ch e rs are allowed, nor are in ciden tal tra velling expenses allowed. T h e Arm y o f O c c u p a t io n bonus is not gran ted to N u rs in g M e m b e r s serving in these Hosp itals T h e n u m b e r o f V . A . D . nursing m e m bers a pp o inted to N aval, M ilitary and Pen sio n s H o s p ita ls during the past m o n th is 39.

G e n e r a l S e r v ic e D e p a r t m e n t . T h e G en er al Service D e p a r tm e n t still co n tin ue s to be very busy, as alth ou gh requisitions in the O ve rs ea s S ection h a v e alm ost ceased, those the in E n g lis h S e c tio n ha ve in creased instead o f decreasing, as was anticipated. T h e O verseas Sections state that a party o f 25 m e m bers p r o c e e d e d to C o n s ta n tin o p le on the 26th inst. It is u n de rstoo d that the gen eral de m o bilisa tion o f G e n e r a l S e rv ice M e m b e r s has already began in F ra n c e and it is a n ticip ate d that M e m b e r s will be transferred to the U n it e d K i n g d o m on dem o bilisation at the rate o f a b o u t 80 per week.

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G A Z ETTE. —

119

It is in terestin g to n o te that it is e stim a ted that over 11,0 00 G e n e r a l S e rv ice M e m b e r s ha ve been e m p lo y e d since the s c h e m e was first put into operation. T h e W e lfar e D e p a r tm e n t sen ds us very in terestin g n ote s this m o n th from H a r t s le a p C o n v a l e s c e n t H o m e . T h e h o u s e has been c o n tin u o u s ly full a n d there is always a wait ing list o f three or four patients. T h e winter has passed very cheerfully for the m ore c o n valescen t patients ow in g to the exertions o f the E n te r t a in ment C o m m it t e e . T h e kin dn ess a n d ge n ero sity o f the V i c t o r ia L e a g u e in s en d in g lecturers has a lrea d y been noted, and it m ay be said that these lectu rers h a v e ke p t up a continous co urse o f lectu res o n c e a fortnight all throu gh the winter. O n alternative fortnights the E n te rt a in m e n t C o m m it t e e , un d e r the able secretaryship o f M is s C o o p e r , ha ve go t up progressive games, concerts, etc , so that there has b e en a w ee kly en tertain m en t fo r the m o re c o n v a l e s c e n t patients to lo o k forw ard to. T h e cu lm in a tio n o f all th e se entertain m en ts was a visit from M r . F r e d e r ic k C h e s t e r o f B o rth , T h a m e s Ditton, so well k n o w n for his kin d n e s s in g iv in g his entertain m en ts in the A u x ilia ry H o s p ita ls during the war. H e ca m e at a fee alm ost re d u c e d to va n ish ing poin t on F rid a y evening, Jan. 23rd. H i s e ntertain m en t ca u sed a real furore, a n d he exp ressed h im s e lf d e lig h ted with t he place and p erfectly willing to c o m e again s o m e day. T h e M a tr o n has started a T o y Industry, the m ore co n v a le s ce n t patients m a kin g delightful little jo in te d w o o d e n animals and so m e hig h ly ingenious m e c h a n ic a l toys, while the bed patients are a b le to p ro d u c e stuffed animals. T h e y m a k e scarlet e le p h a n ts o f m a jestic a pp ea ran ce, lilyw hite d u c k s o f T u r k e y tow elling with go ld e n bills a n d legs, a n d other delightful sp ecim e ns w hich g iv e the highest satis faction to the ch ildren on w h o se b e h a l f th e y are b ought. O n e very clever V . A . D . m a n u fa ctu r ed a go lliw og, w h ich is the con stant c o m p a n io n o f a y o u n g lady o f 18 m o n th s w ho insists on ha vin g her “ G o l l y ” with her b y n ig h t as w ell as by day, T h e T o y In d u stry is m o re than self-supporting and sales at C h ris tm a s realised the sum o f 3 gu ine as. T o y s can be o rde re d from the M a tr o n V . A . D C o n v a l e s c e n t H o m e , H a rtslea p , Sandh urst, B erks, or from the Join t W o m e n ’s V . A . D . D e p artm en t, W e l f a r e D e p t., 19, B e rk e ley street, W. 1. T h e e sta blish m en t is n ow so hig h ly successful that M a tro n s o f other H o s p ita ls sen d patients in a very m u c h earlier stage o f c o n v a le s c e n c e than they did form erly, in fact m a ny cases on c o m in g d ow n are s ent to be d by the M . O . for further rest a n d treatment. T h e M a tr o n gives un w e a ry ing d e vo tio n and attention to each case. U n fo rtu n a te ly the lease o f H a rts lea p co m e s to an e nd early in M a rch . P e rm issio n has h o w e v e r b e en o b ta in e d to carry on the esta b lish m en t for a n o th e r year, and an app eal is to be m a d e in the Spectator o f Jan. 31st, for a h o u s e to b e lent to w h ich the c o n v a l e s c e n t h o m e ca n be transferred. It is h o p e d that the a p p e a l will be succeessful, a n d that at any rate, a h o u s e at a re d u c e d rental will b e obtain ed. P a t ie n t s ’ letters after lea v in g sho w the highest app reciatio n o f the benefits d e riv ed at H a t ts le a p , a n d in s o m e in stances the qu e stio n is a sk ed “ w h a t w o u ld h a v e b e c o m e o f us if there had been n o H a r t s l e a p .”

A m e etin g o f the E x e c u t i v e C o m m i t t e e o f the P rio ry for W a les o f the O rd e r o f St. J o h n o f J erusalem , was held at the L a w Co urts, Cardiff, on Jan ua ry 22nd, Sir O w e n Ph illips presiding. A s c h e m e for th e setting up o f a Join t C o u n c il o f the O rd e r o f St. Joh n a n d the British R e d C r o ss S o c ie ty for W a le s was discussed.

— F

I 20

V.A D.

i r s t

Scholarship Schem e D epartm ent.

D u r i n g the past two months the following members have been awarded Scholarships :— G e n e r a l T r a i n i n g (subject to vacancy).

Grubb, Alice, Durham 2 Cibbs, Evelyn, Norfolk 52 Hames, Florence, Glam. 152 Maher, Elizabeth, Westmoreland 2 Pritchard, Gladys, Staffs. 82 Smith, Daisy, Durham 74 Sheriff, Hannah, Durham 6 Rodd, Alice, Devon 108 Newberry, Elinor, Somerset 62 Priest, Kathlean, Worcs. 22 Thompson, Ethel, East Lancs. 136 Karn, Angela, Worcs. 56 Lancastei, Elizabeth, Cheshire 12 Dan by, Constance, London 146 Neeley, Beatrice, Down 22 Fitzgerald, Agnes, Hants. 100 H ill, Margaret, Durham, 22 Holbeck, Mary, Worcs. 46 Montgomery, Margaret, Dublin 24 Sheppard, Winifred, Sussex 14 Notley, Lilian, Suffolk 8 Ritchie, Agnes, Northumberland 78 Stevens, Thirza, Oxford 8 Rolfe, Florence, London 6 Spackman, Mary, Bristol 4 Swift, Gertrude, London 140 Scott, Norah, City of Dundee 6 Talbot, Katharine, Glam. 184 W illiam s, Maud, Middlesex 22 Heathcote, Maud, Hants. 26 MacDonald, Kitty, London 134 Richardson, Florence. Lancs. 54 M i d w i f e r y (subject to vacancy).

Spicer, Mattie, Herts. 14 Stooks, Phoebe, Surrey 24 Rorstrom, Ellen, Glam. 140 Rogers, Gwendoline, Cheshire 56 N evill, Amy, London 198 Stevens, Frances, Oxford 24 Rylands, Dorothy, West Lancs. 412 Tattersall, Ellen, Belfast 26 Silkstone, Annie, Glam. 11 W illiam s. Lydia, East Lancs. 136 Whiteman, Ethel, London 154J Wiseman, Charlotte, Bristol 8 Smithson, Marion Temple, Northumberland 64 Reigh, Linda, W icklow 2 Sch o o l M a t r o n .

Riding, Edith, East Lancs. 222 The applications of all members under the V.A.D. Scholarship Scheme have now been considered, with the excep tion of a few cases of members who are still abroad.

F i r s t A id in S c h o o ls — First aid should be taught in all our schools. In m y y o u n g days, our village had a special grant, a n d a co urse o f first aid lessons was allo w ed for the fifth to sev en th standards. I have found the k n o w l e d g e I then gain ed very useful, esp ecially in R e d C r o ss w ork d u rin g the war, also for helpin g o n e s elf or others in case o f a c c id e n t .— C. J. C r a d w ick , S to n e y Ware, Marlow.

When corresponding with Advertisers please men tion “ First Aid.”

a i d

.—

February, 1920.

The Red Cross in War.* B y C o lo n e l R . J B L A C K H A M , C . B ., C . M . G , . C . L E , D .S .O ., A D . M S. C o l c h e s t t r District. ( C ontin ued fro m page lO p .)

E a c h gr o u p o f ca sualty clearing stations had a m obile la boratory at which bacteriological work was un de r taken. A t the casualty cle aring station our w ou n de d man is finally lo ad e d up on to a m b u la n c e trains, and as he is now in the safety zone and within easy reach o f c o m fo rt able base hospitals, we will leave him and e n d e a v o u r to trace what was d o n e for him by the R e d C r o ss S o cie tie s on his jo urn e y b a ck from the fighting line. B efore d o in g so I will g iv e you two c o n cre te e xa m p les o f how this s ch e m e w o rk e d . P te. T . A tk in s , o f the 1st Norfolks, was w ou n de d in the thigh in the first w ave o f an attack at 5 a.m. He drag ged him self to a shell hole, where he was found and dressed by the regimental stretcher bearers at 5.30. In a lull o f the e n e m y ’s barrage he was re m o v e d to the regim ental aid post and a T h o m a s ’s splint applied by the battalion m edical officer at 6.30. H e was taken over by R . A . M . C . bearers and c o n v e y e d throu gh three relay posts to the advanc.-.d dressing station, which he reached at 9.30, as most o f the track was heavily shelled. A t the a d v a n ce d dressing station he had a cup o f tea, a cigarette, and a field card was m ade out for him a n d he was lo a d e d on a F o r d car and sent to the C o rp s main dressing station, which he reached at 10 30. H e r e he was given anti-tetanic serum and his splint a n d dressings were adjusted, and he left at 11 o ’clo ck for casualty clearing station, w hich he reached before noon. H is w o u n d was thorou ghly a ttended to in a fully e q u ip p e d theatre by a skilled operating surgeon and he was in an a m b u la n c e train by three that afternoon. H is train was at B o u lo g n e three hours later, and he was on a hospital ship en route to E n g la n d the same night. T h i s is an awful badly w ou n de d case. T h e lightly w o u n d e d are still more striking. Pte. H o d g e o f the same gallant regim en t was w o u n d e d in the arm in the S o m m e attack. H e applied his first field dressing h im se lf and following the flagged track he reached the ad va n c ed dress ing station at 6 30. H e r e he was dressed, fed, given antitetanic serum and a field m edical card. H e was loaded on a lorry at 7.30, re a ch ed the C o r p s w alking w ou n de d station at 8.30 and the casualty clearing station an hour later. An a m b u la n c e train was waiting and he reached Boulogne, ha vin g had a g o o d dinner on the train. H e was sent straight on board a hospital ship and re a ch ed C h arin g C ro ss that afternoon. T h e measure o f efficiency w hich brought abou t such startling ach iev em en ts as I ha ve d escribed is hardly real ised. T h e public associate the R e d C ross and R . A . M . C . with base hospitals and soft jobs, but forget that the most perfect hospitals are useless unless you ha ve an organisa tion to get the w ou n de d b ack to them. I want you to pic ture these bearers carrying back your w ou nded co un trym en alon g a m u d d y track, w in d in g a m o n g st shell holes and a lon g slippery d u c k boards. A d d to the in secure foothold the con stant roar o f artillery, the fre q u en t hail o f shrapnel bullets and pieces o f high explosiv e shell. Infantry walking a lon g a shelled track can d o d g e into shell holes, but the R . A . M . C . bearers must ke e p stolidly on. T h e r e was no e sc a p e for them if the B o s c h e gunner ranges successfully on the track. M o re o ve r, they have n o n e of the j o y and lust o f battle. N o power o f hitting back. T h e y must just carry on with the sense o f d u ty well done.

February, 1920.

— FIRST

I ha ve e m ph asised this point as the po pu la r n otion of the R e d C ro ss is the mere provision o f hospitals, and that it is hardly co n ce r n e d with the w o u n d e d ' m an until he reaches the security o f a hospital o f so m e k in d or the other. W h a t I shall e n d e av o u r to show is that the R e d C ross goes right up to the front line whilst e m p h asiz in g the fact that G o v e r n m e n t provides actual essentials for the w ou n de d a n d that it is the refinements a n d com forts that c o m e from voluntary aid. A t the Battallion A i d Post where he was first a tte n d e d to the hot tea which he found so com fortin g was p ro ba b ly m a d e in a R e d C ross urn. E v e n the electric torch with w hich his first field dressing was re p lace d or a d ju s ted was p ro o a b ly a R e d C ro ss gift. A t the a d v a n c e d D ressin g Station he ce rtainly re ceived a R e d C ro ss c iga r ette and if lightly w ou n de d he was given a R e d C ross w alkin g stick to replace his rifle. T h e motor a m b u la n c e car which co n v e y e d him back to the main dressing station bore the legend British R e d C r o ss and O rd e r o f St. Joh n a n d was pro p ably a gift o f this or som e other b ran ch o f the two R e d C ro ss So cieties A t the main dressing statioD the help o f the R e d C ro ss was eve ry w h ere in evidence. R e d C ro ss lamps a ided the G o v ern m en t in supplies in p roviding light. R e d C ro ss oil stoves a n d marmites helped to heat water a n d sterilize in struments. R e d C ro ss bins acte d as re ce p ta cles for soiled dressings. R e d C ro ss towels helped out G o v e r n m e n t supplies and R e d C ro ss pyja m as m a d e our w o u n d e d friend co m fo rta b le and started him clean and snug on his way to the casualty clearing station, o n c e more, mark you, in a R e d C r o ss car. A t the casualty c learing station our w o u n d ed m a a finds all the comforts possible in a tented hospital. M y exp erien ce o f R e d C ross were not co n fin ed to F ra n ce, F landers and India. I went out to Italy in 1 9 1 7 in w hat th reaten ed to be a d e b a c le and found L o r d M o n s o n and the O rd e r of St. J o h n and British R e d C ro ss very m uch in evidence. British a m b u la n c e cars had be en w orkin g for the Italians since i y i 5 , and British R e d C ro ss depo ts were in full swing. I was not slow to avail m y s elf o f R e d C ro ss supplies, and have a lively recollection o f the valuable services re n dered by a section o f R e d C ross a m b u la n c e cars w hich e n a b le d us to tide over so m e difficulties d u e to delay in gettin g up our own cars from the Riviera. Sin c e the arm istice I ha ve been p rivileged to see the work o f the R e d C ross in Russia. O n arrival there on an ice breaker last N o v e m b e r, I took out a liberal supply o f useful articles, and found already on the M u r m a n coast and in A r c h a n g e l a m ple e v id e n ce o f work, not o n ly on the part o f our own society but on the part o f the A m e r ic a n R e d Cross. R e d C ro ss cigarettes, R e d C ro ss bo o ks and papers, R e d C ro ss gram ap ho n es, R e d C ro ss lamps, and other articles too numerous to m ention did no small ser vice in relieving the tediu m o f an A r c t ic winter. O n be h alf o f the A r m y I want to tha nk y o u for all yo u have d o n e to help the m edical services in its work for the w ounded. In d o in g this you ha ve a ctu ally h e lp e d to win the war, for the work o f the m edical service is not m ere hu manitarian. Its o b ject is not o n ly to aid the w o u n d e d and the sick, but to do e v e ry th in g h u m a n e ly as possible to get the w o u n d e d or sick man b a ck to the fight ing line w ith out a m o m e n t ’s de lay. E v e ry t h in g which increases a m a n ’s com fort or im proves his treatm ent s peeds up his case, and this is how the R e d C r o ss h e lp e d to k e ep up the num bers in the front line. E u r o p e and the w hole world have passed throu gh a great tim e o f trial, but the R e d C ro ss has e m erged from this trial lik e refined go ld from a furnace. T h r o n e s a n d E m pires, Sceptres and

AI B -

121

States ha ve passed a w a y d u rin g the war, but the R e d Cross, the s y m b o l o f service, has b e c o m e m ore firmly establish ed, and will n ev er pass away w hilst C h ristian charity rem ains to us a n d s y m p a t h y with h u m an suffering endures.

P ractical First=Aid. B y A. J. M A T T H E W S , S e r g t . In s t r u c t o r

F ir s t - A id

P o lice

In structor M etropolitan P o lic e ; H on. S erv in g B r o th e r O rd er o f St. John

T reatment B roken

M e tr o po litan

F ractures

the

St r e e t .

bones are fairly c o m m o n in the street n ow -a -day s

a nd quite a la r g e n u m be r o f p e o p le have “ F . A .” C e rtifica te s ; but, w hen the latter are co n fr o n te d with the s u b j e c t o f these points w ith out splints, and bandages, they app ear to be, in five out o f six cases, helpless as to w hat to do. T a k e for in stance the broken arm. T h e M a n u a l shows 2 splints, 2 b a n da ge s a n d small a r m - s l i n g ; but not a word as to what to do w ith out a n y materials. T h e n c o m e s the fore-arm with its 2 splints, 3 ba n da ge s and large arm-sling. N e x t the bro k en leg with its 2 splints a n d 5 b andages, a n d the thigh with 7 ba n da ge s a nd 2 splints; but still no suggestio n as to how to act in the a b s e n c e o f material. M y co n ten tio n is that the first person on the scen e gen erally decides the future o f the person injured. By proper action, s uch as the s tea d y in g and su p p o rtin g o f the bone or bones, a g o o d result is usually the reward ; but an im proper m o v e m e n t m ay cost the patie nt a limb, great pain, a n d som etim es his (or her) life. T h e a vera ge person in the street has a va gu e n otion o f d is co ve rin g a b ro k en bone, ge n era lly b y invitin g the person w h o has c o m p la in e d o f great pain in the leg, “ to see if you can stand or walk ” with the result that w hat may ha ve been a sim ple in all respects has been c o n v e rt e d into a c o m p o u n d or co m p lic a te d fracture. W ith the upper lim bs the in vita tion is similar— “ C a n y o u m o v e yo ur arm P g o on, try ’*— with the sam e results as before. A s an in structo r o f p ractical first aid I teach (with full autho rity o f the M e d i c a l O fficer in charge) the fo llo w in g m e th o d s :— I f the arm is broken, im m e d ia te ly place the ha n d up on the o pposite sho ulder a n d support the hand o f in ju red lim b with the un injured lim b I f fo re arm is broken, first p la c e the lim b across b o d y w ith the hand o f inju red lim b in the b e n d of the o p po site e lb ow , a n d then e n cir cle the fracture with the h a n d o f u n injured limb. I f leg a n d thigh are broken, then in stead o f persu adin g the patient to m a k e the in ju ry worse, the first person should get the patient flat on b a ck, p o in t the toes o f the in ju red l im b up to the sky, and tie the two limbs together. The boot-lace o f un in ju re d lim b is o ften forgotten as bein g u se ful w hile the p o lic e m a n ’s whistle and a rm let are nearly a lways to hand, to fit the limbs in position, until the m o to r a m b u lance arrives. O n e word a b o u t b a n d a g e s — the 7 b a n d a ge s shewn for fra ctured thigh are, in m y opin io n, in e xcess b y one, viz., the o n e aro un d chest, because, if the ribs on sa m e side as thigh was fractured, the lo n g splint a n d ba n d a g e w ou ld naturally be left off.

(to be continued.)

122

— FIRST

CONTENTS

THIS

...

... ...

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s — A Man “ D row ned” in Wheat ... Practical and Efficient First Aider Justifiable Interference ... ... Suffocated in a F it ... ...

February, 1920.

c o m p le t e o rganisation, is

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l — Voluntary Hospitals ... D is t r ic t R e p o r t s — No. 1 ; No. 4; No. 5 ... No. 6 ; No. 8 ; No. 12 ...

AI D. — to

the first C o m m issio n e r,

In his han ds we feel sure it will be a co m p le te success.

...

113

... 114 ... 115

V M a r y A n n B atten, o f Ellesmere-street, E x eter, a cardro o m worker, cut her left t h u m b with the e d g e o f a tin gu ard while cle an in g her frame.

F o u r days later septic

po iso n ing set in a n d she d ie d later at Patricro ft Hospital.

... ... ... ...

115 115 115 115

... of ... ... ...

116 118 119 120

The Red Cross in W ar ... ... ... ... Practical First A id ... ... ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... ... Railway Ambulance ... ... ... ... First Aid and Ambulances at Factories and W orkshops...

120 121 122 123 124

Q u e r ie s a n d A n s w e r s to C o r r e s p o n d e n t s — Ethics of First A id ... ... ... Detailed M arking Sheets ... ... Bandages for Fractured Legs ... ... More Ambulance Duty Hints ... ...

126 126 126 126

T h e St . J o h n A m b u l a n c e G a z e t t e — Official Brigade Gazette... ... ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital St. John of Jerusalem in England ... V.A .D . Summary for January ... ... V .A .D . Scholarship Scheme Department ...

... ... ... ...

In reply to H . M . In sp ecto r o f F actories, a forewom an at the mill said there was a first aid e qu ip m e n t at the mill, but it was not used.

* * * In th e course o f a w ee k m any similar sad cases to this appear

in the

da ily

press.

The

H o m e Office m a k e it

co m p u ls o ry to k e e p first aid app lian ces in workshops in certain industries, y et in a great m a ny cases there is no trained man

or w om an

to use them.

Surely it is time

s o m eth in g was d o n e in this direction.

T h e C o l l e g e o f A m b u la n c e , L td., has inaugurated a special half-crown fund in co n n e ctio n with the appeal for ,£ 100,000.

This

students

the

fun d

is in te n d ed

C ollege

and

primarily

for

V . A . D . ’s generally.

old The

£ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 is re quired to assist to establish the A ssociation for all tim e as the C e n tr al A m b u l a n c e C o l l e g e in the K i n g d o m — a fitting re minder,

surely,

o f the

s p le n did

work

voluntarily d o n e b y men a n d w o m e n in the war.

B revities.

A m o n g other purposes, the m o n ey is n ee d ed for the W e hear that the In ter -R a ilw a y C o m p e titio n s are to

p urchase o f a large p erm an e nt b uildin g for the work o f the

be held this year at the Can non -street H o t e l o wing to the

C o lle g e, the o ld premises h avin g been acquired by a large

P o r t m a n R o o m s n ot bein g a vailable.

drapers e sta b lish m en t for e xtensio n o f their premises, and

T h e a c c o m m o d a tio n

will n ot be so g o o d , but we do not a nticipate that there

ha ve now

will b e such a large gathering o f spectators this year as

c lu b ro om s are m u c h n eeded, a n d the present museum

been

vacated.

library, rea ding room and

there has been at form er co mpetitions.

requires to be enlarged,

* * ♦

* * * form ation o f the South E a stern a n d C h a th a m

A t the A n n u a l m eeting o f the C a n a d ia n R e d Cross,

R a ilw a y C e n t r e o f the A ss o cia tion into a district o f the St,

w hich was a tte n d e d by the D u k e a n d D u c h e s s o f D e v o n

The

Joh n A m b u l a n c e B r ig a d e should give a lead in the right

shire,

direction to the other railway co m p an ies.

auxiliary

R a ilw a y “ first-

a iders,” unfortunately, b y the nature o f their calling, have

was

stated

b ra n ches

that

had

1,400

be en

ordinary,

fo rm e d

m ore oppo rtu nities o f re n d erin g first aid than a ny other

were for the

were co n tr ib u te d to the value o f £ 6 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .

and

the a ccessio n

o f the

So u th

British

R e d Cross.

Eastern

I n spite o f the So uth E a stern R a i lw a y D istrict running

w ar;

In addition,

supplies

***

sh o u ld be a va lu a b le asset to the Brigade.

* * *

10,000

the

£ 2 ,2 0 0 ,0 0 0 h a d be en raised in cash, o f w hich £ 1 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0

class o f the c o m m u n ity , co n se q u e n tly there is a high state o f efficiency,

and

during

was

d e c id e d

form

co n su ltative co m m ittee s to bodies

R e d C ro ss

co -operate

advisory

and

with other public

in the p rom otion o f p u b lic health a n d the pre

throu gh several other districts, its work is to be co n fin ed

ven tio n

to the railway, c o n se q u e n tly n o questio n o f o verla p pin g will

w ho atte n d e d the meeting, is leavin g im m e d ia te ly for the

occur.

first m eeting

Mr. E. A . R ic h a r d s , w ho for m a ny years has acted

as ch a irm an o f the C e n tr e, was m a in ly re spo n sible for its

o f disease.

Sw itzerland.

Lady

Drum m ond,

o f the L e a g u e o f R e d C ro ss

Montreal,

Societies in

February, 1920.

— F I R S T

jtailwag Jimbulance. L . & N. W. R y . — A n interesting gatherin g recently to o k p lace in co n n e c t io n with the B irm in g h a m A m b u l a n c e C e n t r e at C u rz o n Street G o o d s Station, un de r the P r es id e n c y o f Mr. T . H . Shipley, the D is trict G o o d s Manager. E n th u s ia s m in “ First A i d ” is running very high at this station, a n d a very n otable feature of this g a th e rin g was the num b er o f fem ale e m p lo y ee s who are interested, a n d who s uccessfully passed the examination, in a ddition to the male staff, m a ny o f w ho m ha ve again rejoined the classes since demobilisation. A fte r c o m p lim en tin g the successful candid ates, and e m phasising the great advantages a ccru in g from a k n o w le d g e o f “ First A i d ” . Mr. S h ip le y expressed his de sire to further the interests in the work taken up so zealously by the staff, hop ing to see the n u m b e r o f m e m b ers still further increased, a n d before presenting the awards re m a rke d how very p leased he was to see the o ldest m e m b e r o f the C le rica l Staff, (Mr. N o rc o tt) present, and very cordially con gra tu la te d him upon having obtain ed his First A i d C e r tificate, and Pe n d an t. Mr. N o rc o t t has since jo in e d the C u rz o n Street D iv isio n o f the St. J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e Brigade. A ft e r m o vin g a vote o f thanks to the president, M r. C. R . J. W o o d w a r d urged the m em bers not to rest on their oars, but to con tin ue their interest, a n d to influence others to jo in up, e ach W e d n esd a y. A course o f lectures has been arranged, and the Surgeo n to the C u rzon Street D iv isio n of the St. J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e Brig ad e, Dr. C. B e lc h e r is the Lecturer. It is anticipated that another e xam in atio n will be held early in April. S,-E. & C . R y . — T h e p resentation o f a m b u la n c e awards to o k p lace at C a n n o n street H o t e l on 27th. January, Sir G e o r g e Y o u n g e r , a director, presiding, w h o was sup ported by officers o f the C o m p a n y . Mr. E. A . R ich ards, the chairm an o f the Centre, g a ve a report o f the progress o f a m b u la n c e w ork on the railway last year. T h e n u m b e r o f certificates, etc., gran ted during 1 9 1 8 was 2 ,1 6 5, and in 1 9 1 9 1 , 1 1 5 , this falling o ff was due to the reaction after the war, but it is a n ticip ate d that a c o n sid e ra b le im p ro v em e n t will be show n in this yea r’s figures. N o less than 772 men have q ualified for the m e dal w hich is presen ted to m e m b ers o f the staff passing an a m b u la n c e exam in ation seven years in succession, whilst 166 men ha ve passed no less than 14 years in s u cce s sion, thus b e co m in g entitled to the silver m e dal o f the Centre. First aid has beSn ren dered by m em b ers o f the staff during the past twelve m o n th s in no less than 6,324 instances, m a kin g a total o f 48,000 cases since the fo rm a tion o f the C e n t r e since 1905. It is interesting to note that the C o m p a n y ’s e m p lo y ee s w h o joined H . M . F o rce s during the war, no less than 230 were qualified m e m bers o f the A m b u l a n c e C e n tre. D u rin g the war, m e m b ers o f the C o r p s d o in g a m b u lance d u ty at the stations ha ve u n lo ad e d from the a m b u la n c e trains no less than 73,883 patients. W h ilst, in the ca se o f other C o m p a n ie s, in dividual men doub tless ren dered g o o d service in the un lo adin g o f a m b u la n c e con voys, as m em b ers o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e Brig ade, V . A . D ’s, etc., it fell to the lot o f the S.-E. & C . R . e m p lo y ee s to organise their services a n d un dertake, in its entirety, the u n lo adin g o f all co n v e y s from a m b u la n c e trains d e stin ed to stations for hospitals on the S.-E . & C . R . ,

AID.—

123

a service w h ich the m e m b e r s o f the C e n t r e feel it as great a p rivilege to u n dertak e, as it was va lu a b le to the patients they were a b le to succour, the M ilitary A u th o ritie s a n d the E m p ire . In recogn itio n o f th e se special services, H . R . H . the D u k e o f C o n n a u g h t , G r a n d P rio r o f the O r d e r o f St. Joh n, has san ctio n e d the S.-E. & C . R . bein g m a d e a self-con tain ed D istrict o f the St. J o h n A m b u l a n c e B r ig a d e , with its own C o m m is s ip n e r a n d Officers. T h e interest tak en in the a m b u l a n c e m o v e m e n t o n the S. E. & C. R ly ., by m em b ers o f the staff o f all grad es, is e v i d e n c e d by the fact that the Sta tio n Masters, In sp ectors, L o c o m o t i v e F o re m a n a n d G en er al A m b u l a n c e F u n d C o m m ittee ha ve this year s u c c e e d e d in co lle ctin g n o less a sum than ^ 2 4 0 for presentin g prizes to a m b u la n c e men p erfo rm in g meritorious acts o f first aid and by o th er m eans e n c o u r a g in g the staff to take up the work. D u r in g the period o f the war, co m p etitio n s a n d all that they m eant in the w ay o f i n cen tive to the m e m b er s o f the staff to take up the first aid work, had to be a b a n d o n e d , but with he co m p etitio n s bein g held this year, it is a n tici pated that there will be a big stimulus to a m b u l a n c e w ork on the line. T h e fo llo w in g are the receipents o f awards m a d e under the Statio n Masters, In sp ectors, L o c o m o t i v e F o r e m e n a n d G en er al A m b u l a n c e P rize F u n d . £ 3 each to the funds of the nine ambulance districts. £ 3 5s. to the funds of the following ambulance corps—

Hastings, Faversham and Queenborough. For the purchase of surgical aid letters for the benefit of ambulance men and their families. Inspector Dixson, Cannon-street. F o r his efficient treat ment of the case of carman, who was run over and had part of the right foot cut off and a severe wound at the back of the head. Assistant Foreman Butt, Red H ill. Through the prompt action of this man, injuries, which would undoubtedly have been far more serious, were prevented in the case of a fireman, who was knocked down by an engine and had his leg caught in the brake gear, causing the legiments of the right knee and ankle to be torn and wounding the knee. Foreman Cumbers, Bromley North, 30s. Guard M ar shall, London B ridge,’30s. For their efficient treatment of a case of a shunter who was run over and had his left leg severed halfway between the knee and the hip, and the right foot severely crushed. Harrison, D river ; Plumridge, stores assistant ; Birch, goods checker ; Hammond, loader, all of B ricklayer’s Arms, £ 1 10s. each. For their efficient treatment in connection with the case of a man who was pinned between the wall and some trucks and sustained severe abdominal injuries, also severing the femoral artery. Goods Foreman Rowland, Meopham. F or his efficient treatment of the case of a man who was severely burnt about the head and arms by nitric acid. Plate-layer Gill, Ore, and Plate-layer Stonestree, Ore, ,£1 is. each. For their efficient treatment of the case of a man who had slipped down on the icy pavement and fractured his thigh. Signalman Knapp, Spa-road and Porter Helness, Charingcross, £ 1 is. each. On the occasion of the collision at St. Johns on the 13th January last. These men were passengers on the trains which collided and, although themselves were badly shaken, they attended to a number of cases of contused wounds and shock. Plate-layer Boyden, Hawkhurst. For his continued interest in the First Aid movement in the Paddock W ood and H aw k hurst district. Foreman Gasfitter Fouggle, Reading. For his interest in the Ambulance movement since 1912. Timekeeper C. P. Curling, Faversham. In recognition of his services to the First A id cause in the Faversham district;

124

— FIRST

also in connection with his services to the Faversham Ambu lance Corps, of which he is First Officer. Carpenter Hopper, Deal. For his continued interest in the Ambulance movement in Deal, where he has been Class Secretary for a number of years. Guard Neal, Tonbridge. For his keen interest in the Ambulance movement at Tonbridge, where he acts as Secre tary to the Tonbridge Corps. Plate-layer Kirby, Hothfield. For his keen interest in the Ambulance work in No. 13 District. Foreman H. E. Pointer, Maidstone West. In recognition of his interest in the Ambulance work in No. 3 District Clerk Thorogood, Red H ill. For his keen interest in the Ambulance work in No. 6 District. F. Harris, joiner ; F. Robinson, moulder ; J. Sharp, fitter, all of Ashton Works. For their long continued interest in the Ambulance movement in the works at Ashford. Guard Baker, Seven Oaks, and Signalman Sanson, Orp ington. For their keen interest in the Ambulance movement in No. 2 District. Plate-layer Tiltm an, Rye. In recognition of his services to the First A id cause in the Rye district. Signalman Harlow, Ramsgate Harbour. In recognition of his services rendered to the First Aid case in the Ramsgate district since 1896. Sir G e o r g e Y o u n g e r is congratulating the centre up on its re port said that e ve ry o n e sh o u ld feel gratified o f the un iqu e position that they had b e c o m e the first R a ilw a y dis trict o f the St. J o h n ’s A m b u l a n c e Brigade. H e c o u ld concie v e o f no other more useful asset to a railwayman than a k n o w le d g e o f first aid and he ho p ed they would all co n tin ue their studies th e re b y maintaining their efficiency. Mr. Pa n k h u rs t p roposed a v o te o f thanks to the ch a irm a n w hich was s e co n d e d b y Mr. Drinkwater.

AI D. -

February, 1920

suggestions for the treatm ent o f minor injuries. It is strongly r e c o m m e n d e d that each first aid b o x should also co n ta in the iodin e solution m e n tio n e d in the leaflet. It is best that the e q u ip m e n t o f a first aid box should in most cases b e limited to the articles a b o v e specified. Where, however, no a m b u la n c e room is p rovided, it is desirable to pro vid e in o n e or more o f the boxes, or in a small c u p board in a central position, the follo w ing a dditional appli ances : Scissors, safety pins, sal-volatile a n d measure glass, a tourniquet, splints, slings, roller bandages, an additional sup ply o f wool, a n d a roll o f plaster (1 in. wide), a n d also, in places where burns are likely to o ccur, a sup ply o f steri lised burn dressings. I f a cu p b o a r d is p ro v id ed a stretcher can also be kept in it. Pla tes are giv en show ing forms o f sterilised finger dressings and how these m ay be re m o ve d from the p a ck e t and applied. N o in ju ry to the eye should be n eglected, w hether it appears serious or not. T h e provision o f a ny a m b u la n c e room is required under the O rders where 500 or m ore persons are em ployed, but it will, o f course, also be desirable in the case o f any large works where injuries w hich ca n n o t be treated at the first aid box, are at all frequent. A central position easily a cces s ib le to all parts o f the works should, if possible, be selected. It sh o u ld be on the gro u n d floor, with an easy IVmdoM

First=Aid and A m bulances a t F actories and W orkshops. | An

in terestin g m e m o ra n d u m has been issued by the ^ H o m e Office for the gu id a n ce o f o ccup ie rs o f factories and w orksh o p s in establish ing at their works a satisfactory firstaid a n d a m b u l a n c e service. U n d e r .section 7 (1 ) o f the Po lice. Factories, etc. (M is ce lla n eo u s Pro visio ns) A ct, 19 1 6 , the H o m e Office is e m p o w e r e d to m a k e O rd e rs requiring the provision o f the a m b u la n c e a n d first-aid arran gem en ts at any specified works or class o f works, and special O rde rs for different classes o f works are alrea d y in force. T h e re quirem ents o f these O rders, w hich are given an app en dix , differ so m ew ha t a cco rd in g to the circum stan ces o f the particular class o f works to w hich they apply, but are based on o n e ge neral schem e, co m p risin g (a) first-aid boxes, c o n ve n ie n tly situated in different parts o f the works and p lace d under the charg e o f a re sponsible p e r s o n ; (b) in the larger works a central a m b u la n c e room p lace d under the charg e o f a qualified nurse or other person trained in first aid. T h e details o f the s ch e m es are discussed in the m e m o ra n d u m . E m p h a s is is laid on the fact that the best position for a first aid b ox is in the w orkroom itself, pre ferably in the centre o f the room or g r o u p o f workers w hich it is in te n d e d to serve. T h e e q u ip m e n t o f the first aid boxes as specified in the O rd e rs varies a c c o rd in g to the nature o f the injuries like ly to o c c u r in the particular industry or process, but, gen erally sp eakin g, it consists o f a sup ply o f sterilised finger, ha n d a n d large size dressings, a bottle o f e y e drops and sterilised cotton w o o l, to geth er with a c o p y o f the first aid leaflet issued by the F a c to r y D e p artm en t, w hich gives

approach, so that stretcher cases can be easily taken in or out. T h e b uildin g s h o uld be substantial. T h e interior walls should be lined with im pervious material, preferably glazed tiles or bricks or Paria n cem en t, furnished with w ash a b le enamel. A hard im p ervio us floor o f terrazzo or similar material is r e c o m m e n d e d . A ll corners s h o u ld be ro u nded a n d all w oo d w ork finished with w ashable enam el. T h e o b je c t o f this con struction is to permit the w ho le room being flushed out with water. T h o u g h ro o f lighting is valuable, particularly where buildin gs clo sely a b u t on the a m b u la n ce room, g o o d lighting can often be o b tain ed by taking the win dow s r i g h t u p t o t h e c e ilin g . F a il i n g t h e provision o f a dressing steriliser, a sup ply o f sterilised dressings similar to those in the first aid boxes is desirable. V a r io u s additional forms o f e qu ip m e n t suggest th e m selves for special classes o f acciden ts. T h u s in works

February, 1920.

-F IR S T

where crushes to the toes or feet are a common form of accident and a hot footbath may often be required, a glazed bath at ground level with a supply of hot and cold water laid on over it is undoubtedly useful and saves m uch time and labour. A sm all instrument cabinet and a cupboard for stock dressings are also necessary, together with a few chairs and a desk at which notes can be made and in which all record books or cards can be kept. A ll equipment should be of sim ple design and construction to allow of easy cleaning. A complete equipm ent for an am bulance room is given below. T h e actual number of each article will depend to some extent on the num ber of persons employed, but

generally speaking the numbers given would suffice for an am bulance room in works employing 5,000 persons :— Instrum ent cabinet, instrument steriliser, dressing sterilizer, dressing table, two glass shelves with bucket, surgeon’s basin and slab com bined and fittings, desk or table for nurse’s use, couch, three chairs, one cupboard (sm all), screen with cover, two pair blankets, two clin ical thermometers, one ward thermometer, glass boxes for dressings, three lotion jars with tubes and stopcock, two kidney trays, one dirty dressing pail with lid, four jugs, Stretcher and trestles, probe, one pair sharp-pointed scissors, one pair blunt-pointed scissors, six pair artery forceps, one pair spring dressing forceps, two eye lotion baths, one tongue depressor, one spatula, two m edicine glasses, one large pair scissors, needles, sutures, two tourniquets, six cam el-hair brushes, 1 hypoderm ic syringe, five bowls (two glass, three enamel), two square dressing trays, 24 towels. Plans of several am bulance rooms are given which show the general lines on which these suggested arrangements can be made. (Figs. 1-3.)

A ID

I f the full benefits of the first aid and am bulance arrangements are to be obtained, carefull organisation of the first aid work in the factory is required. In the first place supervision is essential, and some person or persons must be made responsible for the smooth and salisfactory w orking of the arrangements throughout the factory. T h e effectiveness of first aid and am bulance in the factories de pend upon the co-operation of the workers, so that the organisation must be one which has its support. F irst aid is so closely allied with safety that it would seem appro priate to delegate to members of any safety committee es tablished at the works the responsibility for the efficient carrying out of am bulance and first aid arrangements. It is im portant that proper records should be kept of all cases treated. T h is is, of course, of most im portance in regard to the cases treated in the am bulance room, but employers, in view of possible serious developments of even slight accidents, w ill find it advantageous to arrange for every accident, however slight, which is treated at a first aid box or in the am bulance room to be recorded. T h e record should include (a) the name and check num ber of the in jured person for identification p u rp o ses; (6) the nature of the in jury and the times both when the accident occurred and when the in ju ry was first treated, so that in the event of in ju ry subsequently septic or in any other way showing a departure from norm al, the reason for its doing so may be more easily ascentained and, if possible, re m e d ie d ; ( c) the reported cause of the accident, with particulars as to the actual m achine or type of m achine on which the a c ci dent occurred. A sum m ary of the cases treated should be prepared daily, weekly and m onthly, and a suggested

F ig . 3.— A m b u la n c e Room , C o n v e r t ib le in t o s e p a r a t e Room s by m eans o f F o ld in g S c re e n .

tw o

method by w hich this can be easily done is shown in an appendix. In all cases when a patient is sent from the am bulance room to a hospital or doctor he should carry with him a written message giving inform ation as to the nature and nature and cause of accident and the treatment already given. T h ere is undoubtedly advantage in having all the am bulance and first aid arrangements under m edical super vision. In an increasing num ber of factories a m edical

136

—F I R S T

m an a ttends da ily or on certain da y s in the w ee k at a fixed tim e to see all n ew cases a n d others for w h ich further a d v ic e is required. F a ilin g this arran gem en t, w eekly, m o n th ly or quarterly visits by a m e d ic a l man ensure the efficient m a in te n a n c e o f the first aid and a m b u l a n c e e qu ipm en t, and afford the first a id atte n d a n t or n urse an o p p o rtu n ity o f discussing w ith a m e d ic a l p ractioner a ny difficulties w hich m a y arise in c o n n e c t i o n with their work. T h e m e d ical man m ight also act as adviso r to the c o m m it t e e d e alin g with first aid, if o n e is a pp o inted. W e are in d e b t e d to T he C olliery G u a rd ia n for the use o f the illustrations w hich a c c o m p a n y this article.

Queries and Jlnswers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hand corner of the envelope “ Query," and addressed— F irst A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C .

3.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut jrom the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. 3. — The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns, is the Revised (igig) Edition of S .J.A .A . Manual of First-Aid.

E t h ic s o f F ir s t A i d . A. V. (Norwood).— 1 was recently sent for by a doctor, who told me that he had himself set a fracture of both bones of leg and instructed me to take charge (as he could not stop with the patient any longer) and to remove the patient to hospital without delay. W ith assistance, there fore, I was proceeding to place the patient on a stretcher, when to my surprise he called out in pain and complained that the bones were rubbing together. Removing the rug I looked for the cause, and was surprised to find that the bones were controlled by two short splints only and that the broken limb had not been tied to the unbroken. Not liking to interfere with the doctor’s work, I resisted the temptation to substitute my long splints, and contented myself with tying the limbs together by bandages placed above the knees and round the ankles. On arrival at hospital, the surgeon demanded to know who had treated the case, and was palpably surprised when I named the doctor. He said nothing further, but dismissed me. Please let me know whether or no, 1 should have been at fault if I had replaced the doctor’s improvised splints with those in my havresac. Certainly n o t. In fact, if the circumstances were as stated, the recurrence of pain and the evidence of crepitus were, in my opinion, not only the justification but also the positive indica tion for more active interference than you ventured to under take. At the same time you merit praise for your “ resourceful ness ” and “ discrim ination” under difficult circumstances.__ N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r . D e t a il e d M a r k in g S h e e t s . H. J. (Masterton1 N.Z.) asks were he can secure detailed m ark ing sheets (team and individual) of Competition Tests, preferably w ith comments and suggestions on the supposed emergencies. He requires these for the instruction of his Division and will welcome further supplies, as he has now exhausted his stock. I do not know any such collection of detailed marking sheets, though possibly my Efficiency in F ir s t- A id with its

AID.—

February, 1920.

three carefully analysed test pieces may be of some assistance and also assist you in framing other tests. You might also consult Problem s in F ir s t- A id at the end of which are some detailed tests analysed by tbe late Dr. Christian. The disadvantage however, of such collections is that they set out the ideas and teachings of individuals. For this reason I think that your best plan will be to watch the columns of F ir s t A id , in which detailed marking sheets by many com petent judges will again be published, more especially in con nection with the Railw ay and Inter-Railw ay Competitions which are about to be held. If, however, any reader of F ir s t A id is in possession of such detailed sheets and would like to exchange with you, he should address his communications to Mr. H. Johnson, 56, Bentley-street, Masterton, New Zealand. — N .C.F. B a n d a g e s fo r F r a c t u r e d L e g s . G. F. (Durham ).— At a recent competition we were penalised for placing the bandages for Fractured Leg in the order g iven in Textbook (p. 66). The doctor afterwards told us that we should have applied first the bandage above the knees. W e should like to know the correct way, as it is disappointing to lose marks in competition when we think we are doing the right thing. Assuming (1) that the competition was conducted on the Textbook and (2) that your statement of facts is correct, then I tender my sympathy because (in the absence of any compli cation which might necessitate modification of treatment, e.g., violent movements of a drunken or excited patient) the judge’s decision was clearly contrary to the Revised Manual. By the introduction of numerals in the second diagram with definite instructions “ in the order shown by numbers,” the Textbook now clearly indicates that the letters of the first diagram set out the correct sequence of bandages. In short, it teaches you to control fir s t the lower fragment (by bearer— Rule 2— when ample assistance is available ; by bandage “ when singlehanded or patient is a woman ”), then the fracture, then the splints, and lastly the limb.— N. C. F. M o r e A m b u l a n c e D u t y H in t s . C. W. (Weston) returns thanks for the queries answered and says that his “ incorrect ” information was supplied by a Corps and a Divisional Secretary. He writes further :— (1) I have been told that a motor ambulance or litter can go on either side o f road, to obtain easier travelling for patients. (2) I have been told that a motor ambulance can pro ceed through any traffic an d beyond the speed lim it, and that in the event of a smash the other traffic must take the consequences. (3) I have been told that, in the case of members who belonged to the Brigade in the pre-war period and who served in the army abroad, every year thus served counts as two years towards the Brigade long service medal. I note the source of information contained in your previous queries and suggest that you supply the said secretaries with free copies of last month’s issue. W ith reference to your other queries— (1) Information incorrect, because the resultant dis turbance of traffic would counterbalance any potential advan tage obtained by this procedure. No peculiar privileges are allowed, though the police are instructed to “ pay special attention ” and do give every assistance, to drivers of ambu lances. (2) Information incorrect, because the rules of the road apply to a ll vehicles, and in the event of a smash the patient in the ambulance might have to “ take the consequences,” quite apart from the risk of delay in transport. (3) Information incorrect because the suggestion, if it had found a place in Brigade Orders, would, for obvious reasons, have created dissatisfaction and injustice.— N. C. F. A R e g u l a r R e a d e r (Near Sheffield).— The examinations for Demonstrator’s Certificate was a war measure. These ex aminations having now been discontinued, we cannot publish the list of questions.

February, 1920.

— FIRST

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B. C M.G., C .I.E ., D.S.O., M.D., M .R.C.P.E , D.P.H.(L- nd.), Knight of Grace of St. John, Member of the Order of Mercy, Kaiser-i-Hind Medalist, Barrister-at-Law, Asst.-Commissioner St. John Ambulance Brigade Overseas.

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Apply (stamp) to M r. J. E. W a l d e n , Sec., Westminster College (Lady Dispensers Section of the Westminster College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, estd. 1874), I 12, St. George’s Road, S outhw ark, London.

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“ FIRST A ID ” QUERY and REPLIES COUPON. To bt cut out a n d enclosed w ith a l l Queries

F e b r., 1920.

F IR ST AID AND

ST.

JOHN

TH E

AMBULANCE E dited b y A R T H U R

N o . 309.—

V o l.

X X V I.

N O T IC E

M ARCH,

------

1920.

GAZETTE.

DALE.

\ R n t t r t d a t S ta tio n e r s ' H a ll.]

P R IC E [3 /0

P er

TH REEPENCE

A n n u m , P o st

F ree

e ach C o u n t y will be a separate district o f the B r ig a d e with

READ ERS.

its o w n district officer.

B y sugg estin g this pro p o sal we k n o w we are like ly to m eet with m u c h opposition, m o re or less on sen tim en tal grounds, but lo o k in g at the proposition broadly, the a d v a n tages are manifold.

Firstly, it w o u ld e n co u rag e t he interest

o f C o u n t y peop le, w hich, as eve ry m e m b e r o f the B r ig a d e

A ll Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied {not necessarily for tublication) by the name and address of the Correspondent.

w h ich is n ow organ ised on a C o u n t y system, a n d it w o u ld

Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers,

third ly, a C o m m is s io n e r w o u ld be m o r e in t'-'uch with e ach

D A LE, REYN OLDS & CO., L t d ., 46, Cannon S tre e t, London, E.C. 4. Telegraphic Address: ‘ ‘ Twenty-four, London." Telephone No. 5477 Bank.

knows, is a great factor in ga in in g facilities a n d p u s h in g on the w o r k ;

seco n d ly , it w o u ld

co n fo r m to the S . J . A . A . ,

be in line w ith the W a r Office Territo rial s c h e m e ; and, unit in his C o u n t y , for it m ust b e a d m itte d that the size o f so m e o f the present Districts

re nders

it im p o ssib le for

C o m m is s io n e rs to exercise that s up ervisio n a n d in terest o f the whole, so n ecessary for the efficiency o f the B rig ad e. I n so m e cases there are C o u n t ie s w hich lie partly in

ED ITO R IAL.

o n e district a n d partly in a nother, so that for C o u n t y work there is a dual co n tro l w ithin the B r ig a d e .

T h i s is n o ta b ly

the case in the m etro po lita n area, Y o r k a n d Stafford, a n d

I n this c o lu m n o f Jan ua ry o f last year

there are o th er instance s.

Re-

we suggested that the B r ig a d e should

la p p in g o f districts in in d ivid u a l C o u n t ie s w o u ld n ot occur,

o rg a n isa tio n ,

be re o rganised on a C o u n t y basis, each

B rig a d e

O n a C o u n t y basis, this o v e r

a n d w o u ld m u c h sim p lify the organisation.

A ssistan t C o m m i s

It appears to us to be a s im p le matter to so arran ge

sioner at its head, a n d C o u n t y A m b u l a n c e a n d N ursing

districts that no C o u n t y s h o u ld lie w ithin the ju risd ictio n

County

ha vin g an

Co rps, taking the n am e o f the C o u n t y w h ich th e y re pre

o f two districts, a n d g e o g r a p h ic a lly the m atter is sim p le

sent, with a C o m m is s io n e r over a certain are a as insp ectin g

e n o u g h if the e le m e n t o f sen tim en t is o v e rco m e .

officer.

divisions within the C o u n t y h a v e po ssib ly be en a sso cia ted

W e are pleased to note that the a p p o in t m e n t o f the

C e rta in

w ith “ A ” District, we will say, w h ile o th e r divisio n s in the

A ssistan t C o m m is s io n e rs is n ow an a c c o m p lis h e d fact, and

C o u n t y h a v e be en a ss o cia ted w ith

in spite o f the m odificatio n o f our original p roposal we feel

divisions

sure it will go a lo ng way in sim p lifyin g the adm inistration

o b j e c t to a ny alteration, b u t we feel sure if t h e y will lo o k

o f the Brig ade, thus bringing the units m ore in t o u c h with

at the matter b ro a d ly the adva nta ge s are m a ny .

head qu arters a n d m eet the in a d e q u a c y o f B r ig a d e repre

are a tta c h e d to

“ B ”

their re s p e ctiv e

D istrict;

both

districts

and

W it h s uch a proposal as this it will b e n ece ssa ry to

sentation in certain C o u n ties , and at the sam e tim e the

grad ually institute

A ss is tan t-C o m m is s io n e r will be the laison officer b etw een

D istrict, but

the

re distributio n o f the are as o f the

b e lie ve

i f it

e ve r

b e c o m e s an a c c o m

t he B r ig a d e and C o u n t y C o m m i t t e e or o th er b o dies re spo n

p lish e d fact that the B r ig a d e will go a h e a d by leaps a n d

sible for C o u n t y work.

bounds.

thin k

the

tim e

has

now

arrived

w hen

this

reorgan isation s h o uld be carried a step further, so that

W e shall be in terested to hear w hat our readers h a v e to say on the subject.

—F I R S T

3°

- ill

“■

“

JJh« Stand friotg of tht Ocdit of the Kospital of St. John of Jerusalem in Sngland. AM BULANCE

D EP A R TM EN T.

JJh« St. John JImbulanet Scigade. No. 1 District.

DISTRICT ORDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r : W . H. W IN N Y , O .B.E.

------

A P R IL , 1920. Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. Sunday, 4th.— No. 21 Division, Bromley. „ n th .— No. 46 „ Ilford. „ 18th.— No. 47 „ W illow W alk. „ 25th.— No. 48 „ Ealing. From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. D E W A R C H A L L E N G E S H IE L D A N D S Y M O N S E C C L E S C U P C O M P E T IT IO N . The final competition for the above will take place at the Cannon Street Hotel, on May 13th, at 9 a.m. The preliminary competition for the selection of a team to represent the No. 1 District will be held at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, on Saturday afternoon, A pril 10th, at 2.30 p.m. Entries must reach Headquarters not later than the first post on Thursday, A pril 1st. Each entry must be accompanied by the fee laid down in the instructions, copies of which can be had on application to Headquarters. As it is some years since the competition was held, it is hoped that Divisions will make a special effort to show their efficiency by qualifying for this competition, which largely consists of First A id work. A N N U A L G E N E R A L M E E T IN G . The Annual General Meeting will be held at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, on Saturday, M arch 27th, at 3 p.m. A ll officers, both ambulance and nursing, are eligible to attend this meeting, and where a Division cannot be repre sented by an officer, the member-in-charge should attend as representative. B R IG A D E R E - E X A M IN A T IO N . It is important that officers wishing to arrange for mem bers to be re-examined, should take care to furnish the number of candidates likely to be examined. W here the name of a surgeon is suggested for the District Surgeon’s consideration, the full name and address should be furnished, in order that the necessary forms may be sent him direct from Headquarters. The form B .F. l i b should show in triplicate the names of a ll the members of the Division, and in the case of members not present, the reason for absence should if possible be shown. (Signed

W . H . W IN N Y , Commissioner.

Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenwsll E.C,

AID.—

March, 1920.

later by Divisional Surgeon Dr. Corbet Fletcher. A good pro gramme of songs and recitations was provided by members and friends, and Major Hudson told a few tales. In a short speech during the interval the doctor extended a warm welcome to the visitors, especially the ladies and mem bers of other divisions, and, emphasising the advantages of membership, caused some amusement by pointing out how the various members of the Division, whom he named, could take a share in advancing the interests, requirements and welfare of any young man contemplating matrimony. L a m b e t h (N o . 24) D iv is io n .— On January 31st, a concert was held at the E d ric Hall, Borough Polytechnic, in support of the funds of the above Division. The occasion was a memorable one, being also a reunion of its past and present members after five years of war service. The concert was very enjoyable thanks to the efforts of Mr. J. Nettleton Taylor and his gifted pupils, the Misses Adelaide Bennett, Nellie Hutt, Martha Peake and Dorothy Baker and Messrs. W . H. Cox, Frank Loud, Percy Merriman, Andrew Britton and C yril Sharp. Among those present during the evening were the Rev. Campbell T. Payne, the Vicar of St. Andrews, New Kent Road, and the Assistant Commissioner of No. 1 District. The latter gentleman addressed the members at the close of the evening, and remarked upon the way in which men stick to the old Brigade. W eekly drills are held in connection with this Division at the Divisional Headquarters, New Kent Road, S.E., on W ed nesdays at 8.30 p.m. Young men holding the F irst Aid Certificate of the S.J.A.A., who are not already members of the Brigade are invited to attend with a view to joining the Division. Those not actually holding the Certificate, but who are seriously interested in the work, are also welcome, as it is hoped to hold a course of lectures in First Aid in the near future, when they too would have an opportunity of qualifying for membership. L.B. & S.C.R., V ic t o r ia (N o . 38) D iv is io n .— On Febru ary 6th a concert was given at Battersea in aid of the funds of the division. D uring the evening the late sergeant-in-charge, Mr. W. C. Packham, who is an Hon. Serving Brother of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, was presented with a miniature gold medallion, with 1919 label and home nursing pendant. Mrs. Packham received a silver-plated cruet. Mr. Packham was further honoured by the receipt of a purse containing ,£10 from his former colleagues at Victoria, his service there having extended well over 40 years. Mr. J. W . Tonge, who is now sergeant-in-charge, stated that the division was registered in 1902, with Mr. Packham as leader. During the war 24 members went on active service, and two had given their lives. R o y a l K e n s in g t o n (N o. 70) D iv is io n .— P te. Forster (captain of team), Pte. Harmer, Pte. Riley, Secretarv-Sergt. Siers, members of above division, with two members of another London division, competed in the L. & N.-W . Ry. open com petition and were successful in obtaining 3rd prize. Pte. Forster also tied in the individual competition. This is the first time W illesden has been so successful and the members concerned are to be congratulated. No. 4 District.

IM P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d it o r . H a m p s t e a d (No. 20) D i v i s i o n .— On February 28th the D ivision held its first social gathering, a Bohemian concert arranged by Sergt. B. Norwood and Pte. W . Ottewill, in its new headquarters, the Y.M .C.A. H all, Willoughby-road. The chair was taken by Supt. Major J. T. Hudson, D.S.O., and

L iv e r p o o l .— T here was a splendid attendance at the headquarters of the Liverpoal Ambulance Division on March 10th to welcome the return of Mr. W . H. Pugh to the post of Superintendent after years’ military service. Mr. Pugh presented certificates and vouchers to the suc cessful students of the last class, adding that he believed it had been the most successful class that had ever been held there. On his return to take charge of the Division, Mr. Pugh said he gave great thanks to Mr. Frank Tobin as Corps Supt., to Am bulance Officer T . W . James and Sergts. Allen, Broadhurst and Conway for their sound work during the war, as practically

March 1920

—FIRST

every member who was available joined H .M . Forces in 1914, and so left the Division in a state of chaos, and it was a great pleasure to him to find the Division ready for any call on its services.

AI D. — At S.J.A.B. Headquarters Dr. Arthur Barry has just completed courses in First A id and Home Nursing to Members of Divisions, Candidates for Certificates, and Women Police, M iss Kathleen Cox acting as Class Secretary.

No. 10 District. C o l c h e s t e r . — A re-union dinner was held on February n th at the Parish Hall. The ch air was taken by Supt. Andrew, supported by Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B., Assistant Commissioner for Essex ; Dr. Fell, Hon Surgeon Dr. W. Clowas, and Mr. Chatfield. The chairman welcomed home the members who had been on service, and the toast of “ Our fallen members ” was drunk in silence. Dr. Clowes proposed the Colchester Division S.J.A B., which was replied to by Col. Blackham, who expressed his pleasure at meeting the men of this division for the first time, and promised to do his best to forward ambulance interests in Essex, which ought to be the foremost county in that work. Col. Blackham then presented labels for 1919 examina tions. Col. Blackham also presented a cigarette case to 1st Officer H. W. Lee, in recognition of his winning the M eritori ous Service Medal and the French Medalle Militaire, and a case of pipes to Mr. A. Burch for his services in instructing the members in driving the motor ambulance.

No. 12 (Irish) District.

An ambulance party consisting of forty men and six nurssisters attended the Rugby International Football match be tween England and Ireland at Lansdowne-road, Dublin, on Saturday, February 14th. The party was in charge of Corps Supt. J. H. Webb, assisted by Ambulance Officer W right, of Messrs. W. & R. Jacob’s Division. The nursing sisters were under Lady Corps Supt. Mrs. Shanks. The men were played home to headquarters by the new Pipers’ Band in charge of Corps Supt. A. J. M ’William. Before the match the band played on the ground and was much admired by the immense crowd. On Saturday, February 21st, and also on March 6th, the band attended, with ambulance parties, at the Irish Associa tion Football matches at Dalymount, Dublin. The new Buick ambulance which has been allotted to the D istrict by the Joint Societies Ambulance Committee has proved a great success and is requisitioned daily. The Brigade was most fortunate in securing the voluntary services of Miss Hope Trant, Hon. Serving Sister, who has taken complete charge of it, and who acts as driver. Unfortunately she has sustained a broken wrist caused by a back fire, which may in validate her for some time ; but luckily Commissioner Sir John Lumsden, K .B .E., was on the spot at the time, and in a short time M iss Trant was in the City of Dublin Hospital under the care of District Surgeon Mr. Seton Pringle, F .R .C .S .I. The Ambulance has been used as a portable dressing station in connection with the many football matches which are played every Saturday in the Phcenix Park. Corps Officer Mrs. Watson accompanies it with a nursing sister, a sergeant and one man. A concert in aid of the funds of the City of Dublin “ A ” Division was promoted by Corps Officer, Mrs. Watson, and was held on March 9th at the Molesworth Hall. A most successful whist drive was also held for the same purpose. A series of classes in First Aid and Home N ursing are being held amongst the working girls and men of Dublin. Firm s engaged in the manufacture of chemical fertilizers have taken the subject up warpily, one of which, Messrs. Morgan Mooney have already an Ambulance Division between 30 and 40 strong. Classes have been arranged for the tailoresses of Messrs. Arnott & Co. District-Surgeon Mathers Thomson has given a series of lectures to these girls, and Mrs. Charles Keatinge has proved herself a splendid Class Secretary and Instructress. At Denmark House, the Headquarters of the Irish Women W orkers’ Union, Dr. Alice Barry has had most successful classes, assisted by nursing sisters Mrs. Morrow and Miss Cullen, of North County Dublin Nursing Divison,

P ractical First=Aid. B y A . J. M A T T H E W S , Se r g t. I n s tr u c to r

F ir s t - A i d

M e t r o p o l it a n

P o l ic e .

In stru cto r M etropolitan P o lic e ; H o n . S e rv in g B r o th e r O rd er o f S t. fo h n .

T r ea tm en t

F r a c tu r es

th e

St r e e t .

A w o r d ab o u t fractured base o f skull, with w hich a large n u m b e r c f a m b u la n c e students alw ays associate bandages. T h e s e w ou ld o n ly be used w hen fracture is accom panied by wound. N o w co m e s the c o m m o n a c c i d e n t — viz , broken c o lla r bone. T h e o r t h o d o x treatm ent is rather im possible in the s t r e e t ; but the M a n u a l does not say one word about the treatm ent w hen no material is at hand. Further, year by year m a ny patients un d e rgo considerable pain because the a c c id e n t happens a few yards from hospital, although the mere p lacin g o f ha n d a n d fist may reduce pain and prevent further injuries. T o treat a b ro k en co llar-bo ne with no material. First, coat and braces must be re m o v e d a n d the lim b will- be in a natural position if the hand has been p la ce d upon the oppo site shoulder. T h e n pull coat sleeve inside c u t ; fold it up in to pad form ; place sam e under arm pit of injured side ; lay co a t o ver o p po site s h o u ld e r : the n fix brace around elbow, t h e re b y su p p o rtin g that limb. T h e brace must not be u n b o tto n e d from trousers, but slipped off the shoulder. N e x t fix co a t to p revent it slipping off, p lace hand into open ing o f shirt front, and let patient grip his wrist with finger a n d t h u m b o f other hand. I f patient is a w om an a n d n ot w earing a coat, she may h a v e an under-garm ent with a tta c h m e n t to stockings, etc. T h i s m ay ca u se pressure on clavicle, and, if so, must be re m o v e d as the braces in a man. T h e n p lace one hand un der arm pit o f inju red side, clin ch in g sam e into fist form, an d t h e re b y m a kin g a g o o d firm pad. T h e n p lace t he other h a n d on to elbo w and press ge n tly d o w n on to side. T h is last m e th o d might be used w hen a c c id e n t ha p p e n s near a hospital, and w hen ow in g to nearness of hospital the patient is hu rried there, often w ithout ar.y precautions. N o w a word a b o u t the jaw w hen broken. T h e ortho d o x instructions in d icate a b a n d a g e ; but please picture an a c c id e n t at 2 a.m. w hen a m an on a m a rk et w agon falls and breaks his jaw. T h e man ca n be assisted to the kerb and the First A i d e r then stands b e h in d him, p laces his hand un d e r the chin a n d ke ep s h a n d there. T h e n , without letting go to find or im p ro v ise a b a n d a ge , he helps his patient to hospital or d o cto r w here p ro p er treatm ent can be given. (T o be continued).

W e regret to a n n o u n c e that C a p ta i n M i l l e W a rd , R . A . M . C . m et with a fatal m o to r a c c id e n t on M a r c h 2nd. C a p ta in W a r d g a v e lectures to the R a ilw a y A m b u l a n c e m en at H a s tin g s for m a n y years, and he was h e ld in the highest esteem by railw a y m e n on all parts o f the line.

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Official Brigade G azette. F E B R U A R Y , 1920. T h e C h i e f C o m m is s io n e r has san ctio n e d the following a p p o in tm e n ts, p rom otions, transfers a n d re s ig n a t io n s :—

Assistant Commissioner Capt. J. W. White, No. 7 District, has been transferred to No. 9 District as Assistant Commis sioner for the County of Dorset, 5.1.20. N o 1 D is t r ic t (P r in c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ). No. 58 (London Post Office) Division).— Ambulance Officer Capt. George Gerhold to be Divisional Supt., 19.2.20, vice Dr. Coode Adams, resigned, 20.2.20. John Sinclair, C.B .E., M .D .,M .R .C .I., to be Hon. Pre sident, 19.2.20. No. 28 (London Post Office) N ursing Division.— M ary Alice Blair, M .D., B.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 14.2.20, vice D r. Cooke, resigned. No. 80 (Stoke Newington) D ivision.— Divisional Surgeon J. E. Richards resigned, 22.2.20. No. 73 (G rays) D ivision.— Ambulance Officer Ernest Charles Fry to be Divisional Surgeon, 18.2.20. No. 36 (East Croydon and Addiscom be) N uising Division --N u rsin g Sister Emm'a Gertrude R anking to be Nursing Officei, 14.2.20. No. 2 D is t r ic t . Bath City D ivision.— Frederick R ichard Stent to be A m bulance Officer, 12.2.20. Cheltenham Corps (Town D ivision).— Sergt. W illiam R a d way to be Ambulance Officer, 13.2.20. Slough Nursing Division.— Edm und W eaver Adams, F .R .C .S ., D .P .H ., to be Acting Divisional Surgeon, 12.1.20. Cheltenham Corps (Sunningend D ivision).— Franci James Lidderdale, M .B., B.S., to be Divisional Surgeon 13.2.20. Bournemouth Division.— Sergt. James Ernest Lodge to be Ambulance Officer, 20.2.20, vice Frederick Clewett, decased. Corpl. Richard M ills to be Ambulance Officer, 21.1.20, vice James Park, resigned, Sept., 1019. Buckingham Nursing Division.— Lenora Mrs. HowardVyse to be Lady Divisional Supt., 22.2.20. No. 3 D is t r ic t . Birmingham Corps.— D ivisional Surgeon George St. Johnston, M.D., M .R.C.S., L .R .C .P . to be Corps Surgeon, 19.9.20. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Harborne Nursing Division). — Nursing Sister Annie Roberts to be Nursing Officer, 9.2.20. N ursing Sister Katherine Crompton to be Nursing Officer, 10.2.20. Birmingham Nursing Corps (Headquarters Nursing D ivision).— M iss Nellie M ills to be Lady Divisional Supt., 21.2.20. St. Thomas’ (Stourbridge) Nursing Division).— George J. Dudley, M .R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 30.1.20. Mrs. Adelaide P. Bolton to be Lady Divisional Supt., 30.1.20. Mrs. Prudence Hodgkiss to be Nursing Officer, 30.1.20. No. 4 D is t r ic t . Manchester and Salford Corps (Manchester Nursing D .v i sion).— Nursing Officer Ethel H aliday to be Lady Divis.onal Supt., 2.2.20. N ursing Sister Annie Clegg to be Nursing Officer, 2.2.20.

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March, 1920.

Blackburn Nursing Division.— Divisional Surgeon W . E. Jones, M .R.C.S., resigned, 3.2.20. ^ Radcliffe Division.— Divisional Supt. W. Entwistle re signed, 17.2.20. W arrington Corps (W arrington Headquarters Division).— Ambulance Officer John Edward Newnsto be Divisional Supt., 6.1.20. Cammell Laird (Birkenhead) Corps.— Pte. Herbert Jones to be Ambulance Officer, 23.2.20. Cammell Laird (Birkenhead) Corps (Cammell Laird N urs ing Division).— Nursing Sister Mabel Eveline Hudson to be Lady D ivisional Supt., 13.2.20. Barrow-in-Furness Division.— Francis Samuel Carson, M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.2.20. No. 5 D

ist r ic t .

Nottingham Corps (Netheifield Division).— Sergt. Percy W ells to be Ambulance Officer, 16.2.20, vice Ambulance Officer George Hick, resigned, 17 2.20. Sergt. Benjamin Swanwick to be Ambulance Officer, 17.2.20. Goole Division.— Ambulance Officer J. E. Dobson resigned 5.1.20. W arsop Corps (W arsop and District Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Mrs. M. Tinsley to be Lady Divisional Supt., 6 2.20, Dewsbury and D istrict Corps (Ravensthorpe Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Alice Hardcastle to be Nursing Officer, 6.2.20. Nottingham Corps (Great Northern Nursing D ivision).— Nursing Sister M iss H ilda Dallison to be Nursing Officer, 6.2.20. vice M iss M ary Packer, resigned, 31.12.19. Nottingham Corps )M idland Nursing D ivision).— Nursing Sister Daisy M uriel Fletcher ttfbe Lady Divisional Supt. 6.2.20, vice Miss Florence Clephan, resigned, 10.1.20. No. 6 D

ist r ic t .

Consett and District Nursing Division.— Lady Divisiona Supt. M iss Robson resigned, 13.2.20. Scarborough Nursing Division.— Mrs. M. F. Smith, late Lady Supt. of the Lambton Colliery Nursing Division, attached to the Scarborough Nursing Division with the rank of Lady D ivisional Supt., supernumerary, resigned, 24.2.20. Middlesborough Central Division.— W. Manby W alker appointed Honorary Member in the above Division, 16.2.20. Hornsea Nursing D ivision.— Nursing Sister M iss Dora Lyon to be Lady Divisional Supt., 13.1.20, vice Mrs. M. Brod erick, transferred to the Brigade Reserve. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (Jesmond Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Miss M uriel Batey, A .R .R .C ., to be Nursing Officer, 13.2.20. H u ll Corps.— Lady Corps Supt. M iss M. Ayre and Lady Corps Officer Miss A. M. Ayre resigned, 9.2.20. Nursing Officer Alice M ary Harrison to be Lady Corps Supt., 4.2.20, vice M iss M. Ayre resigned. Lady Divisional Supt. M iss Eleanor Howell to be Lady Corps Officer, vice M iss A. M. Ayre, resigned. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (Osborne Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. Parmeter resigned, 9.2.20. H u ll Corps (Western Nursing D ivision)-— Nursing Sister Mrs. Ada Gray to be Nursing Officer in charge, 3.2.20, vice Mrs. M. C. Spafford, resigned, 31.12.19. H u ll Corps (Eastern Nursing Division)— Nursing Officer Caroline Chapman to be Lady Divisional Supt., 4 2.20, vice Mrs. Howell, promoted. H u ll Corps (Young People’s Institute Nursing D ivision)— Nursing Officer M iss Elizabeth England to be Lady Divisional Supt., 3.2.20, vice M iss Beevers, resigned, December, 1919.

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North Tyneside Corps (Percy Main Division).— Divisional Supt. A. Hall resigned, 24.2.20. Prudhoe Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt., Miss R. E. Stead resigned, 24.2.20. North Shields Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss F. M. Carson resigned, 24 2.20. No. 8 D i s t r i c t . Maidstone Division.— Col. F. S. W. Cornwallis, C.B.E., D.L., to be Honorary President, 11.2.20. Westgate-on-Sea Division.— Divisional Supt. John Kinmont transferred to the Reserve, 20.2.20. No. 9 D i s t r i c t . City of Exeter Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Unwin resigned, 5.1.20. No. 10 D i s t r i c t . Ipswich Corps (First Division).— Sergt. C. E. Fiddy to be Ambulance Officer, 10.1,20. Sergt. A. Knox to be Ambulance Officer, 11.1.20. Ipswich Corps (Beechholme Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Agnes Dring to be Lady Divisional Supt., 18.2.20. Nursing Sister Miss Minnie E. King to be Nursing Officer, 18.2.20. S o u th

E a s te rn

and

C h a th a m

R a ilw a y

D is tr ic t .

Hither Green Ambulance Division.— Edwin C. Cox, Esq., C.B.E., to be Honorary President, 23.2.20. The Lord Forster to be Honorary Vice-President, 23.2.20. Major Sir Edward Feetham Coates, Bart., M.P., to be Honorary Vice-President, 3.2.20. Lieut.-Col A. Pownall, M.P., to be Honorary Vice-Presi dent, 3.2.20. H. Chiesman, Esq., M.P., to be Honorary Vice-President,

AM BULANCE

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i 33

St. Thomas’s (Stourbridge) nursing Division sanctioned, 5.1.20. The Tyringham Nursing Division transferred to No. 2 District, as from 1.1.20. No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Bradford “ M a lta ” Nursing Division struck off the roll of the Brigade by order of the Chief Commissioner, 5 .1.2 0 . No. 6 D is t r ic t .

Eastern, Northern and Western Divisions of the N ew castle-on-Tyne Corps disbanded, 9.2.20 . Stakeford and West Sleekburn Nursing Division struck off the roll of the Brigade, 17.2 .2 0 . Scarborough Y.M.C.A. Division to be re-named “ Scar borough Division.” R oll of

H onour.

Bell, Pte. S., Dawdon Colliery, Mercantile Marine. Dockwray, Pte. T. B., South Shields V.L.B., R.A.M.C. Dolphin, Pte. W., West Hartlepool, M.H.H.R. Fowler, Pte. W. L., Scarborough, Northumberland Fus. Hogg, Pte. J. T., South Shields V .L.B , Queen’s Westminsters. Jones, Pte. R., Dean and Chapter Colliery, R.A M C. Mumford, Pte. J. T., South Moor, R.A.M.C. Pickering, Pte. F., Newcastle Transport, R.G.A. Rowell, Pte. J., North Seaton Colliery, Durham Light Infantry. Rutter, Lance-Corpl. T. R., Charlaw and Sacristan, M.H.H.R. A w ards an d

D e c o r a t io n s .

Lambert, Capt. A. W., Newcastle Northern, Military Cross. Dixon, Pte. A., Dean and Chapter Colliery, Distinguished Con duct Medal. Drysdale, Pte. J., Harton Colliery, Meritorious Service Medal. 2 3 .2 .10 . Graham, Pte. C., Dean and Chapter Colliery, Italian Medaille Lieut.-Col. A. Hume Nicholl to be Honorary Vice-Presi Militaire. dent, 23.2 20. Greaves, Pte. J. N., North Seaton, Serbian Samaritan Cross. Col. W. H. Le May to be Honorary Vice-President, Smith, Sergt. W., Scarborough, Meritorious Service Medal. 23 2.20. Thornley, Divisional Surgeon, Scarborough, Military Cross. The Rev. Francis H. Rice to be Honorary Vice-President, 23.2.20. Military Medal :— H. E. C. Wheeler, Esq., O.B.E., to be Honorary Vice- Bowden, Pte. W., Hetton-le-Hole. President, 23.2.20. Chestney, Pte. G., Oakenshaw Colliery. A. W. Partridge, Esq,, to be Honorary Vice President, Crowther, Pte. E., Victoria Garesfield. 2 3.2 .2 0 . Ditchburn, Pte. A., Darlington. E. Harmer, Esq , to be Honorary Vice-President, 23.2.20. Dixon, Pte. R. W., South Shields (St. Hilda). Wallace McCubbin, Esq., to be Honorary Vice-President, Durbin, Pte. R. H., Oakenshaw Colliery. 2 3 .1.2 0 . Fail, Pte. W., Hetton-le-Hole. J. Hurdridge, Esq., to be Honorary Vice-President, Ferguson, Sergt. J. W., Boldon Colliery. 23.2.20. Gibson, Pte. R., Victoria Garesfield. A. E. Lord, Esq., to be Honorary Vice-President, 23.2.20. Grossart, Pte. G., Charlaw and Sacristan. Henderson, Pte. J. J., Hetton-le-Hole. Kelly, Pte. W.. South Shields (St Hilda). D eath s. Luke, Pte. W., Littletown and Sherburn. Divisional Surgeon Dr. J. Adamson, Hetton-le-Hole Divi Marr, Pte. C., Oakenshaw Colliery. sion, reported 27.2.20. McManus, Pte. M., Harton Colliery. Murray, Pte. R., South Moor. No. 2 D i s t r i c t . Silverton, Sergt. T. S., Cambois. Divisional Supt. A. H. Blackall, Reading Division, reported Vickers, Pte. J., Victoria Garesfield. 15.2.20. J a m e s R. A n d r e w C l a r k (Colonel), Chief Commissioner. N ew

D iv is io n s , & c .

Divisions sanctioned and disbanded :— South Eastern and Chatham Railway District.— Victoria Station Division sanctioned, 20.2.20. Hither Green Ambulance Division sanctioned, 26.2.20. No. 2 D

is t r ic t .

Lysaght Ambulance Division, attached to the City of Bristol Corps, sanctioned, 20.2.20. Rownhams and Nursing Ambulance Division disbanded, 25.2.20. No. 3 D i s t r i c t .

White and Poppe’s Nursing Division disbanded, 27.2.20.

St. John

V o lu n tary

A id

A p p o in t m e n t s , R e s ig n a t io n s

D etachm ents. an d

P r o m o t io n s .

A n t r im .

Miss T. English appointed Commandant, Antrim 20. Mrs. A. L. Allen appointed Commandant, Antrim 34. D u rh a m .

The following Detachments have been disbanded — 67 67, 68, 71, 72, ^76, 82, %88, 2S’ 90, 27, 92, 33, 104.34’ 35’ 4°' 43’ 49’ 57. 65 , 66,

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M a r c h , 1920.

L a n c a s h ir e W e s t .

Mrs. J. Taylor appointed Commandant West Lancs. 58.

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y o f W o r k fo r

London.

February.

London 120 disbanded, 14.2.20. M id d l e s e x .

The following Detachments have been disbanded :— Middlesex 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 24, 29, 35, 37, 39, 43, 86. N o r th u m b er la n d .

The following Detachments have been disbanded :— Northumberland 11, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25, 27,29,33, 39, 43, 54, 78, 74, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90. S h r o p s h ir e .

T h e V .A .D . Headquarters continues to be busy in many departments. Nursing members are still being posted occasionally to the Naval Hospitals, and a few to Military Hospitals, but the majority of the postings are. now under the Ministry of Pensions, and during the last month 45 requisitions have been received, and 53 nursing members have been appointed to these various hospitals. T he

Commandment Mrs. Barnett resigned. Su r r e y .

Surrey 116 disbanded. D e a t h s — February, 1920. Mrs. M. Griffiths, W. Yorks 118. Miss M. C. Cheetham, London 148.

T h e G ra n d P riory of th e O rder of th e H osp ital of S t. Jo h n of J e ru sa le m in E n g l a n d . Chancery o f the O rder, S t. fo h n 's G ate, C lerken w ell, L on don , E . C . , M a rch 1 6 th, 19 2 0 .

The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K nights o f G race : William John Fieldhouse, C.B.E. Charles Alexander Cain. A s L a d y o f G race :

Kathleen Lucy, Lady Melliss, A s E s q u ir e :

Colonel Sir George Hastings, M.D., V.D. A s H o n o rary Serv in g B ro th e rs :

Salvatore Ellul-Grech, M.D. William James Verrier. Captain Leonard Harry Ridge Claydon, R.A.M.C.(V.). A s H on ora ry S erv in g Sisters :

Edith, Mrs. Rhodes. Mary, Mrs. Walter Rowley. Mary Hood, Miss Lofthouse. Alice Edith, Miss Lythall. Frances Amy, Miss Barber, M.B.E. Maud Beatrice, Mrs. Magnus. Charlotte, Mrs. Longman. F o r E n r o lm e n t as H on ora ry A ssociates :

Herbert Henry Brown, M.D., F.R.C.S.Ed. Edwin Charles Cox, C.B.E. Lieut.-Colonel Thomas Mackenzie, M.D., R.A.M.C. Maurice Gerald McElligott, F.R.C.S,. D.P.H., L. r !c .P.

G eneral

S e r v ic e

D epartm ent

state that their requisitions for H o m e Hospitals have some what died down, although at the present moment there are 3,500 G .S .V .A D. members under contract in Military Hospitals under H o m e Commands. T h e Overseas and Pay Departments still dealing with a number of members who are being demobilised. It was thought by everyone that April 30th would see the end of the General Service Scheme. T h e War Office, however, have urged that the supply should be continued at any rate for another six months. It is, therefore, extremely probable that the members who are able to con tinue to serve will have an opportunity of doing so. It would also appear that Dispensers, Radiographers, Clerical Members, &c., will be definitely required, and it is possible that further members for these categories may be asked for both the Arm y of the Rhine and for Constantinople. In the meantime the General Service Section can only mark time until some definite arrangement has been arrived at with the War Office. It should be a matter of great pride to all concerned that General Service members are still required, and that their work has been of such a high standard. T h e appeal in the Spectator for the loan of another Convalescent H om e to take the place o f “ Hartsleap,” the lease of which was coming to an end in the first days of March has met with a generous response, and all owners who offered houses are most gratefully thanked. It has been decided to take advantage of the kind offer of Captain and Mrs. Fullerton James, and Miss Hichens, and to establish the H om e at Beechgrove, Sunninghill, and it is hoped that the transfer will take place without much incon venience to the patients as soon as possible. It is not possible to adequately express the gratitude of the patients and Staff towards the Victoria League which has sent lecturers continually during the winter months to Hartsleap. T h e last lecture was delivered on Friday, February 20th, by Mr. F. Linecar, and it is the regret of all the patients that these lectures have now come to an end. T h e Entertainment Committee has had a very busy season, an event of some kind or other having been held every week since October. T h e Scholarship Department state that nearly all members who have been awarded Scholarships are now doing their training. T h e majority started in the Autumn and Spring Terms, but a few members who have not been able to begin before, will be doing so in April and October. Eight members have completed their training in mid wifery, and have successfully passed the C .M .B . Examina tion. A number of members taking the shorter trainings, such as school matrons and cooks at K i n g ’s College, Battersea Polytechnic, and elsewhere, complete their courses at the end of this term. Several of them have already obtained posts.

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The following members have been awarded the Royal Red Cross 2nd Class :— Miss Ethel Bigg, H. (Assistant nurse), Herts. 20, B.R.C.S. Miss Gwlagys Sarah Jacob (Assistant nurse), Berks. 42, B.R.C.S. Miss Olga I. Nethersole, London 34, B .R .C .S . Miss Gertrude Rosser, London 248, S.J.A.A. Miss Alethea D. M. Stephens (Assistant nurse), Pembroke 12, B.R.C.S. We regret to record the deaths of the following members :— Miss Hilda Read, East Lancs. 94. Mrs. Florence Newbold, Derby 38. Miss Mary Gregson Cheetham, London, 148, S.J.A .A ., died at Ajaccio, January 10th, 1920. Miss Minnie Munro, London n o , B .R .C .S ., died July, 1917. We regret that owing to a clerical error in last month’s issue the name of the lady who received the O .B .E . was announced as Miss “ Cross,” the name should have been Miss Geraldine Crofts, Hants 34.

V .A .D . L ad ies C lub . I t has been decided to open a V.A.D . Ladies Club in London entirely for V .A .D .’s under the control of V .A .D .’s on the lines of a first-class Ladies Club. For this purpose the Committee have certain suitablepremises in view. The Founders of the Club are :— The Lady Ampthill, G . B . E , C.I. Lady Oliver, C.B.E., R.R.C. Dame Rachel Crowdy, D.B.E., R.R.C. The Earl of Donoughmore, K.P. The Viscount Chilston, P.C, The Hon. Sir Arthur Stanley, C.B., M.V.O., C.B.E. Mr. R. Holland Martin, C.B. The property of the club will be vested in a Limited Company to be formed, which will undertake the respon sibility for all expenditure in connection with the club. The idea of the club originated with V.A.D. members who were anxious to keep in touch with one another after the war. Bedrooms, cubicals and meals will be provided at moderate rates, and any V.A.D. members wishing to join the Club and or take shares are invited to communicate with the Secretary, Miss Collins, M.B.E., at 19, Berkeley Street, London, W.i. Entrance Fee, £ 1 is. A n n u a l S u b s c r i p t i o n . — Town Members, jQ 2 2s. Country Members, jQ i is. The entrance fee will not be payable by members taking shares which will be of the nominal value of jQ 2 each. Q u a l i f i c a t i o n o f M e m b e r s . — ( 1 ) All V.A.D. mem bers of regular detachments. (2) Ex V.A.D. members who have served three years during the war.

T h e miners at the Garngoch collieries recently struck because a motor-ambulance was not provided for them. T h e men gained their point, and the owners arranged that a motor vehicle should be available.

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Sh ield .

C o n d it io n s .

1.— A team shall consist o f four privates* under an Officer, Sergeant or Corporal. T h e whole shall be mem bers of Corps or Divisions in the District which they represent. 2.— Each District may enter one team. 3.— T h e Commissioner or other Officer in charge of each District may arrange for holding Preliminary C o m p e titions for the purpose of selecting a team, or he may nominate a team to represent his district. 4.— T h e Officer or other member in charge of a Corps or Division desiring to enter a team must send the entry form correctly filled up, together with an entrance fee of two shillings and sixpence, to the Commissioner or other Officer in charge of his District, within one month after the receipt of this notice. 5.— T h e Commissioner or other Officer in charge of a District, entering a team, will notify the C h ief C om m is sioner by March 31st, 1920, and send the entry form for the selected team to Brigade Headquarters on or before the 30th April following. 6.— All first aid work will be judged in accordance with the 34th edition of the Official T e x t book, “ First Aid to the Injured,” by Colonel Sir James Cantlie, K . B . E , F .R .C .S ., etc. 7.— T h e stretcher drill will be judged in accordance with the Manual of Drill and Cam ping for the St. John Am bulance Brigade (four bearers only) so far as is c o m patible with the nature of the patient’s injuries. 8.— All first aid should be actually carried out as far as may be possible under the supposed circumstances, and with the real (not make believe) appliances at hand. Afterwards should any further treatment appear desirable, an explanation of the same should be given to the Judge verbally. A member of a competing team detailed by the member in charge for any particular duty, which would in reality necessitate his leaving the Squad, will report him self to the Judge or Judges, who will decide how long he is to be absent from the Squad. 9.— If Preliminary Competitions are held, each team will find its own stretcher and other equipment. For the Final Competition a stretcher and first aid material will be provided, and no other material or appliances may be used by the competitors. 10.— T h e questions and supposed injuries in the Preliminary Competitions, if held, shall be arranged by the Commissioner or other Officer in charge of the District, or as he may direct. 1 1 .— A t the conclusion of any Preliminary C om peti tion, the result may, at the discretion of the Judge or Judges, be announced. 12.— T h e tests for all teams competing against each other, whether in the Preliminary or Final Competitions, shall be identical, and in the event o f more than one Judge being engaged, each Judge shall confine himself to judging such part of the work of later teams, as he has jud ged in the case of the first teams. 13-— T h e decision of the Judge or Judges at the Pre liminary and Final Competitions will in all cases be final. 14-— T h e “ D e w a r ” Shield shall be held for twelve months, or until the next Competition, by the District * With the written permission of the Chief Commissioner it will be allowable to substitute a sergeant or a corporal for one of the privates, always provided that a senior is in charge, and in very exceptional cases a second corporal may take the place of a private.

— FIRST

136

securing the first prize in the final stage of the Competition, It shall be kept at such place as the Commissioner or other Officer in charge of the District shall decide . In like man ner, and under the same conditions, the “ Symons Eccles ” C up shall be held by the District securing the second place in the final stage of the Competition. 15.— Immediately after the Final Competition, the member in charge of each of the two winning teams shall give to the C hief Commissioner a receipt for the Shield or Cup, and shall be held responsible for the safe custody and return thereof. Should he desire to relinquish custody of the trophy, he must obtain in writing, through the C o m missioner or other Officer in charge of the District, the C h ief Commissioner’s sanction to hand the trophy to another person, from whom he shall take a receipt and transmit the same to Headquarters through ' the usual channel. 16.— T h e right is reserved to withhold either trophy from competition if less than three teams shall enter, and from time to time make such alterations, additions or amendments, to these conditions as may coincide with the wishes of the donors. T h e Competition will consist of the follow ing:— P a r t I.— Each member of the team (Officer, Sergeant or Corporal in charge included) will be required (a) T o submit to a brief viva voce examination. (b) Treat a case of supposed injury. It will be permissible for the Judge or Judges to call upon any two members of the team to work together, and the treatment o f the injury may involve artificial respiration or methods o f carrying other than the fireman’s lift. P a r t I I . — T h e team will be required (a) T o treat a supposed injured person, according to a label affixed to his clothing, or handed to the member in charge of the team. T h e supposed injuries may be depicted by chalk or other m arks; (b) Place him on a stretcher (Furley pattern), carry him to a given point, unload, close stretcher and stand to attention until their work has been inspected by the Judge or Judges. T h e Officer, Sergeant or Corporal in charge may instruct his team and supervise the work ge n e ra lly ; he will also be permitted to detail No. 1 or 3, or both, after having “ prepared stretcher,” to assist Nos. 2 and 4, either by folding bandages, or giving assistance in any other way, should the supposed injury, in his opinion, require extra attention. T h e necessary assistance having been rendered, Nos. 1 or 3, or both, will be directed to “ stand to stretcher.” A t all Competitions points will be given for (a) Prompt and correct answers to questions; (b) T h e correct neat and rapid first aid appropriate to the case, with the appli ances at h a n d ; (c) Verbal explanation of further treatment and arrangements considered desirable; (d) skill and dexterity in preparing, loading, carrying and unloading stretcher ; (e) Judgment as to means of transport necessary in each case. A time standard will be fixed by the Judge or Judges in Part I. (b), and in Part II. Competitors exceeding the time standard will lose marks. Competitors may not use any part of their uniform as a covering for the patient, or as a pillow. Loss of marks will follow non-observance o f this condition. J a m e s R. A n d r e w C l a r k . C hief Commissioner, H ead Q u a r ter s : S t . J o h n ’s G a t e , C l e r k e n w e l l .

M a r c h , '1 9 20.

AID. —

practical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to good and bad boints in Treatment— ror inclusion in this Column. W oman

D row ned

Bu c k et.

Weighing eighteen stone, a middle-aged woman fell on a pail of water in which her head became wedged. When rescued breathing had ceased. Artificial respiration was attempted without success and at the inquest a verdict of “ Accidentally Drowned ” was returned.— J. L. C., Tufnell Park. C hoked

T oy Balloon.

A small boy accidentally swallowed a penny toy balloon, which became fixed in his throat evidently as the result of inspiration. Subsequent expiration expanded the bladder and closed the wind-pipe, causing death by suffocation. At the inquest the doctor stated that death would take place in from 30 to 120 seconds, according to the position of the balloon in windpipe ; and that he had never heard of such an accident before, though it was fairly common for boys to draw puffing darts into the windpipe.— M. B., Derby. P r a c t ic a l a n d

E f f ic ie n t

F ir s t A id .

Recently a house caught fire while the members of the family were in bed. The mother went down stairs to discover the cause of the smoke and found her return cut off by the fire. Thereupon, the eldest daughter— aged 17— promptly knotted several bed sheets together, lowered her three sisters to the back garden, and scaled down the sheet-ladder in safety.— M. A., Cardiff. H y s t e r ia

In fa n t.

The British Medical Journal records the case of a 3.year old boy who returned home one day to find that his mother had given birth to a child a few hours earlier. At first the boy was well and cheerful; half an hour later he collapsed on the floor, with limbs and head flaccid, and eyes closed except at short intervals. For thirty-six hours he did not eat or speak, but occasionally screamed. There were inco-ordinated movements of limbs, and he did not respond in any way when addressed. It transpired that two years earlier a child had died in the family on the same day tfiat another had been born, and that a year earlier the birth of yet another child had occurred on the day that the i-year old child had developed meningitis, of which it died a few days later. These two extraordinary coincidences had been discussed in the hearing of the patient, whose temperature was normal, and who presented no signs of organic disease. The room being cleared of friends and rela tions, the doctor propped the child up, shouting loudly, “ Stand up.” The child obeyed, and ran crying to his father. Uneventful recovery followed.— B.C., Cambridge.

T h e following appeared in a recent issue of the Irish Independent:— “ Last evening I saw a strange uniform on a group of men. Seemed like that of a First A id Corps. Dublin has been happily free from such make-believe thus far, and 1 trust will continue to be. In London every public occasion is rendered ridiculous by the too plentiful presence of first-aid busybodies festoned with satchels, wallets, pouches, bottles, vanity bags and fatuous fallals of every description. T o faint in a throng was a trivial thing if one is permitted to come to in the natural way. But to be hustled to hospital by that gang would amount to an aggravated assault.” T h e writer apparently does not know that such accidents as fractures and haemorrhage do occur, and timely assistance is sometimes the means of saving life. T h e services of First Aiders are appreciated by people who meet with accidents.

— FIRST

M arch, 1920.

CONTENTS E

THIS

seemingly dead,

NUMBER.

i 37

Thousands of men owe their lives to

these war dogs. * * *

d it o r ia l —

Brigade Reorganisation ... D

AID.—

is t r ic t

129

W e are pleased to note that it is intended to open a

R epo rts—

No. 1 ; No. 4 ... No. 10 ; No. 12 Practical First Aid ... T h e S t. Jo h n A

130 131

131 r32

or that they shall be ex-members of a D etachm ent who shall have served for a minimum of three years during tbe

134

war, either at home or abroad. Full particulars of the club are given in another column, and we feel sure it will keep

Gazette—

m bulance

Official Brigade Gazette... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... . V.A.D. Summary for February ... V.A.D. Ladies Club The “ D e w a r ” Challenge Shield...

V .A .D . Ladies C lub in L ondon. T h e qualifications for membership of the C lu b shall be that ladies shall be either at present members of a regular Voluntary A id D etachm ent

•34

in touch the V .A .D . members who served together during

•35

the war, and should be a stimulus to the future work. congratulate the founders on their enterprise.

•35

P r a c tic a l P o in t s —

Woman Drowned in a Bucket Choked by Toy Balloon... Practical and Efficient First Aider Hysteria in an Infant ... Brevities ...

136 136 13 6 13 6

•37

Inter-Railway Competition Tests

138

R e v ie w s —

The Care of Children Letters to th e

...

138

E d it o r —

First Aid to Permanent Way Men Who Pays for the Taxi Cab ? Service Medals, &c. First-Aid Window Card... Q u e r ie s a n d A n sw ers to

months, otherwise they are not entitled to this privilege,

138

T h e grant of free passages will include the grant o f a third-class railway warrant from the place of residence to

•39

Correspondents— 140 140 140 140 140

Venous Haemorrhage and Fractured Leg ... Haemorrhage and Fractured Ribs Objects of First Aid “ Practical First Aid ” ... Arterial Bleeding and Crushed Foot Arterial Bleeding and Fractured Wrist Methods of Artificial Respiration Injury to Elbow Compound Fracture of Ribs Fracture of Femur Complicated Fracture of Ribs

...

the Empire overseas, or who are going to assured em ploy ment and are otherwise acceptable to the Government of the territory to which they wish to go. V . A . D . ’s must have been enrolled for full time service for not less than six

138

•39

Treatment of Electric Shock Injury to Elbow Competition Howlers Antidote for Opium Methods for Lifting

It will be of interest to V . A . D . ’s to know that H is Majesty’s Government have decided to grant ex-service women a free passage to those who wish to settle within

140 140 140

the port of embarkation, but will not include any assist ance in respect of the cost of the journey from the port o f disembarkation overseas to the settler’s final desti nation. Women should, in making the application, be sure that openings are not available for them at home. T h e largest num ber of opportunities overseas is likely to be open to women as helps in the home, or on a farm, or as domestic servants. T h e demand for the latter has been and still is, very great.

140

W om en who think of taking up any other form o f em

142

ployment should make full enquiry as to prospects, etc., before leaving this country.

142 142 142 142

Full particulars can be obtained from the Overseas Settlement Office, 59, Victoria-street, or from the V .A .D . Headquarters, 19, Berkeley-street, S , W . i .

142

* * *

142

B re v itie s . O ne of the interesting side lights of the Red Cross work during the war was the part played by dogs. T h e French and Belgians were ahead of us in training these sagacious animals, who did splendid service in finding in N o M a p ’s L an d during the night the men who sorely needed succour. It is noteworthy that the dog was in stinctively able to discriminate between the dead and the living, even though a man was so near his passing as to be

Some dismay has been expressed in various districts at the decision o f the War Office to remove the furniture from military hospitals and not to sell it in the districts where they were situated, thus depriving local hospitals and purchasers of any opportunity to buy. It is said that the furniture in some cases has been sent to the ravaged dis tricts of France, and, if that is true, we suppose that nothing more can be said.

B ut a timely question is the

destination of the A rm y ambulances, which many hospitals would be glad to have an opportunity to purchase. On this no information has been offered. know what has happened to them.

W e should like to

- F I R S T

Inter-Railw ay Competition Tests. S u m m a r y

o f

AID.—

March, 1920.

S etters to the S ditor. We are in no n ay responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

R u l e s .

O bject.

Test ability of men to deal with cases of actual emer gency. S c o p e .

1. Based on 35th or later edition of S .J .A .A . Manual. 2. Deal with Accident, Injury or Illness. 3. E a ch Team, Stretcher: each Bearer, Individual and Question (either separate or combined) Tests. T eam.

1. Selected and positiotis chosen by Railway concerned. 2. Patient, where possible, assists w ith history and symptoms. T ests.

1. Possibly incomplete at first, necessitating questions for “ intelligent treatment.” Further details withheld, unless justified by actions and questions of competitors. 2. Not essential that a ll fo u r Bearers deal with patient. 3. Bystanders may (or may not) be allowed in all Tests. 4. Explanations advisable of treatment otherwise indescribable. 5. Transport in all Tests as required f o r actual emer gency. 6. Appliances supplied or improvised from material supplied. P e n a l t ie s.

1. For neglect o f “ reasonable speed ” in all Tests. 2. For superfluous work, delay or neglect, especially i f patient's life be thereby endangered. 3. For using prepared appliances or neglecting appli ances used. 4. For treating limb (or limbs) o f wrong side of patient. N.C.F.

Reviews. T H E C A R E OF CH ILD R E N . By Robert J. Blackham, M.D.. D.P.H.(Lond-). London : The Scientific Press, Ltd., Strand, W.C. Third Edition. Price is. 6d. net. Amongst the many books written about children we have not seen any which can approach the third edition of Dr. Blackham’s Care o f Children in its comrnonsense teachings and warnings, so simply, so concisely and so clearly set out, and in its wonderful usefulness for parents at home and abroad. The book covers the whole range of a mother’s anxieties and consists of chapters devoted to food, clothing, exercise, in fectious diseases, first-aid, &c. With such a book in her nursery a mother needs no other friend and guide.

Correction in Official Brigade Gazette for January.— No. 10 District (not No. 13), Ipswich Nursing Corps. Lady Divisional Supt. Miss Mary Wright to be L ad y Corps Sec retary, 22.1.20, vice Mrs. H u m e resigned, not Mrs. H aw e as stated.

“ F I R S T A I D T O P E R M A N E N T W A Y M E N .” D e a r S i r ,— I beg to submit for your perusal the following extract for] your paper “ First Aid to Permanent Way Men,” which I read at a meeting of the Permanent W ay Institution in the North-Eastern Railway Institute, Gateshead-on-Tyne, 3rd March :— I have often thought, that, in addition to the usual methods of obtaining assistance a “ First Aid Signal” would be very useful on the permanent way in order that assistance would be brought to the required spot as soon as possible. As a signal, I would suggest that Red Cross flags be placed under cover at suitable distances on each length and when accidents occur and providing the men on the length could not render first aid or that more help was required, the nearest flag would be placed in a conspicuous position and not removed until help arrived. On observing the flag, men near at hand would proceed to the scene of the accident ; ambulance men in passing trains, would, after seeing the flag, alight at the next stopping place if not too far distant and if their duties allowed. If unable to alight they would inform the station staff that assistance was required. Drivers and guards could also inform the station staff. A signalman, on observing the Red Cross signal would wire for help. A similar First Aid signal would also be useful for factories or workshops when assistance from outside was needed. A patient may bleed to death in a few minutes, and when I tell you that digital pressure can only be maintained effectively for about fifteen minutes at a time by one man, I think you will agree that on a country length, when one man is a helpless patient and another is rendering first aid by digital pressure, and the distance to and from a station or cabin would occupy the third man’s time for more than fifteen minutes the “ First Aid Signal ” is worth considering. Yours faithfully, A l e x . W r i g h t , M.P.W.I. N.E. Railway, Per. Way Works, Heaton, Newcastle-on-Tyne.

W H O P A Y S F O R T H E T A X I CAB. In your highly interesting January number the question of “ who pays for the taxi c a b ” is asked by a correspondent, and I venture to submit the following as having a bearing upon the question. Yours truly, W. J. R i c h a r d s o n . Hon. Sec. Middlesbro’ Central Division, S.J.A.B. D e a r S i r ,—

Early in 1918 as a party of workmen were returning home one of them was seen to fall in a state of collapse. A member of the local Brigade was speedily on the spot. After a brief examination he concluded that the patient was in a precarious state. He telephoned for the Municipal motor ambulance, and was asked at once if he would accept responsi bility for payment. This was declined, and as there seemed every prospect of delay, a member of the Town Council, who was near, guaranteed payment. The motor soon arrived and conveyed the unconscious man to the nearest Infirmary. The house-surgeon pronounced life extinct, and asked the Brigade man if he did not know so much as to recognise the signs of death. The reply of the ambulance man was to the point. In due course an inquest was held, at which the Coroner repeated the doctor’s question and received a fitting reply. The witness also took the opportunity to raise the matter of payment for the use of the motor. As a result the question came before the Town Council and it was unanimously decided

March, 1920

—

f i r s t

that in future any qualified ambulance man attending a public case might call for the use of the Municipal Motor Ambulance and not be held in any way responsible for the cost. S E R V IC E M E D ALS, ETC. In the January Number of F i r s t A i d , I see one of your readers, W.O.J.A., enquiring about Service Medals, etc. In your footnote you point out that the War Office has the matter under consideration. I would very much like to know what the S.J.A.B. are doing in the matter of recognising the services of the members of the Brigade who served Overseas during the war ; but in particular those members who formed the Staff of the Brigade Hospital in France. In making this enquiry, I am sure I am voicing the views of the whole of the members who served not only in the Brigade Hospital, but in various other spheres in France, Egypt, in the R.N.S.B.R., and other places. After the South African War members of the Brigade and also nursing Sisters received the St. John Medal, but there appears to be no recognition of their services during such a war as that just ended. It is now public property regarding the bombing of the Brigade Hospital by the Germans, and I am sure on that terrible occasion every man and woman comprising the Staff were heroes, several sacrificing their lives in doing their duty. But up till now, I have heard of no recognition of those services during those trying experiences. If the S.J.A.B. could grant a South African Medal, why not one for the Great War. It would be interesting to know what other members think. Yours faithfully, D e a r S ir,—

O ne of T hem.

[We have received several other letters relating to a St. John Medal. W e would like to point out to our correspondent and others interested that the question of medals is under the regulations of the Government. In the case of the South African Medal, the St. John men were equipped and sent out b y the Order, hence a special medal was granted].— E d . F IR S T AID W IN D O W CARDS. D e a r S i r , — I have lately heard of cases of accident occuring and a doctor being unobtainable for a considerable time. The last one was that of a child being run over ; it was taken to three surgeries, but the doctors were all out ; finally it was taken to an infirmary. The accident eventually proved fatal. Would it be reasonable to suggest that any member of the S.J.A.B. or S.J.A.A., who were willing to render first aid at all times when they were in, should be provided with a card bear ing the St. John’s device, which they could put in the window whenever they were in, so that anybody who knew the mean ing of the sign may knock at the door for them in cases of accidents, etc. I suggest this because I know of a first aid man who only lived two or three doors from the scene of the accident described above, and I know if he had seen anything of it he would have offered his services.— Yours, &c., C. F. M. [This suggestion has been made before in these pages, but it did not meet with general approval.— E d . ]

a i d

.—

A GREAT AID TO F IR S T AID. By

DR.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an epitome of all that specialised medical and surgical knowledge necessary for First Aiders, as well as an authoritative manual or reference on all information relating to Health and Disease, is a work to be welcomed by all our readers who wish to study their subject more deeply than is possible from superficial text books. In “ T h e Modern Physician,” by Dr. Andrew Wilson, fullest space is devoted to “ First A id ” and Am bulan ce Work. In respect o f completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, T h e Modern Physician ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being d u l l ; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of Health laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. T his work is absolutely complete as regards Health and Disease. As a knowledge of the body in Health is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the body’s microscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ mannikins ” or dummies more esp e c ia lly ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the human body. T h e section devoted to H yg iene includes the full exposition of the Laws of Health, and special attention is devoted to Physical Culture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, holidays temperament, &c., are treated in this section. T h e last volume is especially devoted to the Health of Women, and Dr. Wilson has here been assisted by a number of eminent women physicians. Midwifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fully dealt with. ONE

MANY

O P IN IO N S.

M r. J . D A N IE L , K e n t A v e n u e , A s h f o r d , w r i t e s “ Its all-round e xc el lence mak es it a v aluable acquisition. The section d ea lin g w ith a m bulan ce w o r k is especially good . The book is written in splendid style and the illustrations are first rate. The method o f payment places it within the reach o f a ll .”

A TO

T h e second Chadwick Lecture on Military Hygiene was given by Sir John Goodwin, K .C .B ., on March 15th, at the Royal Society of Arts, Mr. W. S. Riley being in the Chair. In this lecture Sir John Goodwin described the many hygienic problems of the recent war, the manifold difficulties which arose and the means by which these were overcome. T h e clothing, equipment, water supply and training of the soldier were all dealt with in turn.

139

THE

FR EE CAXTON

BO O K LET.

P U B L ISH IN G

COM PANY,

L td .,

83 , S u r r e y S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W . C . 2. Pl eas e send me, F r e e o f C h a r g e and with ou t a n y ob ligation on m y part Illus trated Bo o kl et o f “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n . ” N a m e ........................................................................... (S end this For m on a Po stcard.) A d d r e s s ...................................................

— F I R S T

Queries and .Answers Correspondents.

A ID . —

1 grain by weight. Further, if you are thinking of the difficulty of weighing out in an emergency, then 10 grains is roughly the quantity which can be placed— lightly packed— on a sixpenny piece. (2) Yes— but so is the poison for which it is the antidote because it oxidises the morphine present.— N.C.F.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hand comer of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?.— The Textbook, to which reference may be made in these columns, is the Revised (1919) Edition of S .J .A .A . Manual o f First-Aid.

T r ea t m e n t

o f

E l e c t r ic

S h o c k .

G. G. M. (Fort William, Canada) sends his best thanks for benefits received from this column together with a pamphlet on “ Resuscitation from Electric Shock ” issued by the Canadian Electrical Association. The extended use of electricity, its potent and urgent dangers and our comparative ignorance of correct treatment render the pamphlet so valuable that I shall deal with the matter at an early moment for the benefit of my other correspondents. Meanwhile I thank you for your thoughtfulnees in forwarding the pamphlet and I note that perseverance with Schaefer's method for four hours is urgently recommended.— N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .

I n ju r y

t o

Nature places sacs (bursae) in many parts o f body exposed to pressure (e.g., point of elbow and kneenap).— (1) 'to diminish friction and (2) to facilitate gliding movements. These are lined with serous membrane, normally contains a little serum, and are subject to disease and accident. Your treatment was perfectly correct, and the cause was probably chronic inflammation with excessive secretion o f serum in the sac to which the knock on the elbow called the patient’s attention.— N.C.F. H o w ler s.

T. D. (Caerphilly).— Please let me know which is the greater error in Competition— (1) to administer a drink by placing water-bottle to lips of a patient in a state o f collapse or (2) to treat the Right limb for a Fracture o f L eft Thigh. If the Collapse is accompanied by complete loss of con sciousness, then giving drink to such a patient is the greater error which, if I were Judge, I would penalise heavily, whereas 1 would make allowances for the other error in Competition and only deduct half the marks actually gained in treating the fracture.— N.C .F. A n t id o t e

M eth ods of L iftin g .

G. S. (Upton Park).— The Manual (p. 178) states that Stretcher Exercises are revised to accord with the drills of R.A.M.C. Nevertheless on p. 198 I find that the method detailed for lifting patient into bed is altogether different from that given in “ R.A.M.C. Training” (p. 387). As the latter is far quicker and more acceptable to most doctors in hospital, should we be penalised for adopting it in competition ? Your difficulty does not arise because the R.A.M.C. method requires 5 bearers whereas the St. John is carried out by 4, which number constitutes a team as usually recognised for competition tests. Further, if the competition is conducted on the Manual, then, in fairness to all candidates, its methods and instructions should carry most marks.— N.C.F. V enous

H aemorrhage an d

F ractured

L eg.

G. B. (Cardiff).— If you had to treat in competition a simple fracture of leg complicated by a burst varicose vein, would you attempt to elevate the leg because of the bleeding vein ? Not if the Competition was being judged on the Revised Manual, because Rule 2 (p. 80) reads “ except in case o f frac tured limb, elevate bleeding part.” In practice also I would avoid this step, unless, the limb being efficiently splinted, I found that bleeding from the varicose vein did not react promptly to treatment otherwise strictly correct.— N.C.F.

E lbo w .

H. L. (Sheffield).— A man working in a pit caught the point of his elbow on the coal face with the result that a very soft swelling, as big as an egg, quickly developed. He com plained of no pain and could move his forearm freely. I applied a cold water dressing, supported forearm in sling, and advised patient to consult his doctor. Please let me know if swelling was due to escape of synovial fluid, and if my treatment was correct.

C o m pe t it io n

M a r c h , 1920.

f o r

O p iu m .

B. H. (Chalk Farm).— For Opium poisoning the Textbook instructs us to give 10 grains of Potassium Permanganate in a pint of water. (1) Does this mean grains by “ w eight” or “ scales” ? (2) Is not the dose a potent one ?

H em orrhage and

F ractured

R ib s.

G. B. (Cardiff).— In a recent Competition we lost marks because, in a case of Simple Fracture of Right Ribs and Bleeding from right temporal artery, we did not incline our patient (who was conscious) towards his injured side. Since the Textbook tells us to do this only with Com plicated Fracture of ribs, will you please give us your verdict? The facts being as stated, the judge’s decision was con trary to the Textbook and my sympathy is towards you, were especially because in this case by inclining patient towards injured side you would have not only lowered the bleeding part but also rendered close observation thereof more difficult. — N.C.F. O bjects o f F ir st A id .

B. C. (Durham).— In the column of “ Practical Points” for February I notice a case reported in which the man escaped all injury and when rescued “ was none the worse.” What has such a case to do with First Aid ? Everything. You are evidently not aware that the prime object o f F irst A id is prevention.— N.C.F. “ P r a c t ic a l

F i r s t A i d .”

A. H (East Ham).— With reference to article of above title contributed in February issue, (1) is it fa ir to attribute to the Manual the inability of some First Aiders to treat frac tures without splints or bandages in street emergencies? Surely the Manual does assist on pp. 21, 22, 43, 44 and 47. Also (2) the author considers that 6 bandages only are necessary for fractured thigh, and that the outer splint should be left off if ribs of same side are broken. Do you agree ? and would you accept this omission in compe tition ?

(1) I agree with you. The fault, if present, must be laid at the door of the First Aider who neglects his Manual, especially (1) The measure is by weight and not by scales which vary Chapter p considerably in size. In fact, I find that 10 scales average (2) No, I do not. Seven bandages at least are essential if

— FIRST

M a rch , 1920.

A ID

14 1

—

J. A . W Y L I E —

A M B U L A N C E

M akers

C O .,

of —

M E D A L S,

S H IE L D S , C U P S

B A D G E S,

T R O P H IE S .

O riginal Design. T h e above Shield was Designed and M anufactured by J, A . W Y L I E & C O . Original Sketches and Quotations sent on application post free.

SE L E C T IO N SENT

OF ON

M EDALS,

SE C R E TA R IE S

Etc.,

APPROVAL

POST

A SSO C IA T IO N S W R IT E

FREE.

FOR

AM BULANCE SHOULD

S E L E C T IO N S

M EDALS AND

Q U O T A T IO N S.

W h o le s a le T e r m s to a ll A m b u l a n c e a n d F i r s t A id A s s o c ia tio n s , L o n d o n

S h o w r o o m s :

6 2 ,

H O L B O R N

T e l e p h o n e — C i t y 840.

V I A D U C T ,

E . C . I .

- F I R S T

142

AID. —

we are to secure complete control of fracture, splints and limbs. As for omission of outer splint, I would penalise such a step heavily in competition by reason of increased risk of aggra vation of injury associated with such a grave condition as fracture of the thigh. As a fact, the splint would steady the broken ribs and render the 2 bandages round chest (advised for this fracture) unnecessary.— N. C. F.

A r t e r ia l

B l e e d in g

and

Crushed

reason we commence with traction 'on arms to expand chest and promote entry of air. So, with your consent, we will not interfere with the order of the figs. 60 and 61. — N. C. F.

In ju ry to E lbow.

C. T. (Hyde).— With Fractures involving elbow, what is the object of the fourth bandage ? This bandage was introduced in the 32nd edition of the Manual. It was useless and has been omitted in the 35th edition.— N. C. F.

F oot.

J. F. (Euston).— With Crushed Foot and profuse arterial bleed ing from the Plantar Arch I maintain that— the bleeding being the more important co7idiiion— we should raise the foot in spite o f the Textbook instructions — “ except in case of fracture limb, elevate bleeding part.” As the point is in dispute, may we have your decision, please ? I agiee with you. What further harm can result, if the foot be carefully raised ?. Moreover, you cannot place your splint in position until the bleeding is controlled, and you may further justify your decision in accordance with the Textbook instructions (p. 21)— “ the d irections................. are intended as a standard of treatment,” &c.— N. C. F.

A r t e r ia l

B l e e d in g a n d F r a c t u r e d

Com pound

W r is t .

F racture of

F e m u r ..

Treat on General Rules (Manual pp. 62-64) omitting (if you like) bandage D of Fig. 28. The Manual (wisely as it seems to me) does not advise special treatment of fractures in “ upper third of femur.” It it did, it would encourage action which might easily bring about Meddlesome First Aid.— N. C. F. C o m pl ic a t e d

F r a c t u r e o f R ib s.

W. P. (Hollinwood) asks why, with Complicated Fracture of Ribs, we incline patient “ a little” to the injured side. Theoretically, this position allows free play to (and pre vents interference with) the uninjured side, the lung of which will have to do more work to compensate for some loss of function by its fellow. Practically I learned from personal experience of broken ribs that lying absolutely flat is the only comfortable position. Be careful about “ a little,” which I understand to signify a blanket folded 3, or at the most, 4 times, and placed lengthwise along the patient’s back.— N. C. F.

T. C. (Harwich).— The Manual teaches us with Schafer to commence with a movement imitating expiration, and with Sylvester one which promotes inspiration. As both methods should commence with expiration 1 always in struct my classes to cause expiration first, and consider that fig. 61 of the Manual, ought to precede fig. 60. You are wrong in two particulars — 1st, your spelling of “ Silvester” (lack of observation), and 2nd, your instructions (lack of knowledge). With Scha er, expiration is the essential step (the elastic recoil of chestwall causing inspiration when pressure is relaxed), and we commence with pressure on loins. With Silvester inspiration is the prime object, and for this

F irst-A id

R ib s.

H. J. (Masterton, N.Z.) asks for correct treatment of Fracture of Neck of Femur.

R e sp ir a t io n .

F racture of th e

W. P. (Hollenwood).— In a recent practice test I treated a supposed case of Compound Fracture of the Ribs with a dressing for wound, 2 broad bandages round chest, and large arm-sling, and kept my patient fiat. The Offlcer-incharge told me that I ought to have inclined patient to the injured side. Who was right ? You were right. In such a case no object or advantage is obtained by inclining patient to injured side. See answer to G. B. (Cardiff).— N. C. F.

H. W. (Barnsley).— W e appreciate so much the wisdom and fairness of your answers and decisions that we desire arbitration on a point in dispute. With Haemorrhage from Palmar Arches and simple Fracture of Wrist, a friend claims that the hand— with fingers outstretched and pad intervening— should be placed on splint and kept flat in large arm-sling. I maintain that pad should be applied as per Textbook (p. 96), and that St. John sling should be used in spite o f fractured wrist and of Textbook instruc tion (p. 80). Thanks. I give my verdict to your method of treatment for reasons precisely similar to those given above to J. F. (Euston).— N. C. F. M e th o d s o f A r t ific ia l

March, 1920.

Private’s Overcoat, practically new ; black rubber waterproof ; Scott-Cantlie sling; bandage winder; few practice bandages; also numerous first-aid books, &c., for sale.— G. B., 66, Penwortham-road Streatham, S.W. 16.

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144

T R O P IC A L F I R S T AID, H O M E N U R SIN G & HOME H YG IE N E

March, 1920.

AID. —

M A N U A L S O F F I R S T - A I D , & e ., By N. CORBET FLETCHER, B.A., M.B., B.C,(Cantab), M.R.C.S A ID 8 T O F IR S T -A ID . Pos t free, lOd.

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COLONEL

First-Aid Simplified and Tabulated, with Alda to Memory.

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POSTAL INSTRUCTION In “ PRESCRIPTION READIN G” and “ ELEMENTARY D ISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member 01 S.J.A.B. writes;— “ I feel deeply indebted tor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) S p e c ia l t e r m s n o w — half fees— to members of S.J.A.B., &c. A p p l y (s tamp) to M r . J. E . W a l d b n , S e c . , Westminster C ol le g e (L a d y Dispensers S ection o f the Westminster C ol le ge o f C he m ist ry and Ph a rm a c y, estd. 1874),

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T e be cut out and enclosed w ith a ll Queries M arch,

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FIRST AID AND

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THE

JOHN AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 3 1 0 .

V o l.

-----

X X V I,

A P R IL , 1920

GAZETTE.

DALE. [ E n te r e d a t S t a n o n e n ' H a ll.)

PRIC E TH RE E PE NC E f 3/6 P e r A n n u m , P o s t F r e e

branches of the A rm y and N avy during the war, and gained N O T IC E

READERS.

FIRST AID is published on the 20th of each month. T h e A n n u al Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; sin gle copies 3d. Its aim and ob ject bein g the advan cem en t 01 A m b u lan ce W ork in a ll its branches, the E d ito r invites R eaders to send A rticle s and R eports on subjects pertain in g to the M o vem en t ar.d also w elcom es suggestions for P ractica l Papers. A ll R epo rts, & c ., should be addressed to the E d ito r, and should reach him before the 12th of each m onth, and m ust be accom panied (not necessarily for tublication ) by the nam e and address o f the C orrespondent. S u bscription s, A d vertisem en ts and other business C o m m un ication s connected w ith F I R S T A I D should be forw arded to the Publishers, DALE,

REYN O LDS

C O .,

L t d .,

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E .C . 4.

Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London." Telephone No. 5477 Bank.

much practical knowledge, they have lacked practise at team work, and this is where we consider a competition is lost or won, and there is bound to be a certain amount of “ nerves ” in the final contests. It is admittedly a difficult thing to take in the whole situation of an accident at a moment’s notice, with the vague surroundings each have a bearing on the accident, but it is the oniy way to test the knowledge of the teams ; and this is where a resourceful captain, who can quickly grasp a situation, be of material benefit to his team and lead them to victory.

What we should like to see is the

surroundings of an accident made as realistic as possible. W e know it is not always possible to do this in every case, but if, say, a chair is to represent a railway carriage, it should be prominently labelled as such, so that each team would not fail to notice it.

Such little details as this would

go to make the competitions more interesting, and at the

EDITORIAL.

same time not unfairly handicap a team what would be in an actual accident quite apparent. As we have said before, we attach the greatest import

A fter

the lapse of six years, preliminary

A m b u lan ce

ambulance competitions are again in full

C o m p etitio n s,

swing on the railways, and the various

ance to these competitions, and we want to see them give a lead to all other competitions.

districts of the Brigade which decide

“ Iglo d in e.”

the teams that shall represent the Railway Companies or districts of the Brigade in the final competition to be held in London next month.

W e have always looked upon

these competitions as the most important events in the ambulance movement because of their great educational value and the stimulus which they give.

It is therefore

natural we rejoice to again see their return. After such a long period there will be much specula tion as to the final results, for many of the old teams who repeatedly figured in the final contests of the past have been

split up, or new teams have taken their places.

T hese new teams at the present moment are unknown quantities, but what we have seen of the competitions which have been held, we do not think the finals will show any thing like the pre-war standard, for although many of the members composing the teams have been in the medical

antiseptic preparation, which found favour during the war, is a definite iodine d erivative; it is a clear, colour less liquid with a peculiar pleasent smell of its own. It is non-poisonous and non-corrosive, and can therefore be taken with perfect freedom internally, and has been shown to give good results against influenza. T h e preparation has been widely used in the dressing o f wounds, and a well-known bachterological authority has established its effective germicidal power compared with other well-known antiseptic agents. “ Iglodine ” is put up in several forms, and the samples submitted to us include “ Ig l o d i n e ” anticeptic, “ I g l o d i n e ” concentrated, and “ iD g lo d in e ’’ oint ment. W e have tested these and can confirm the good reports which “ I g l o d i n e ” gained frcm experience in the war. It should prove a splendid anticeptic for use by firstaiders, and in this direction we say it has a big future before it. On analysis by the Inland R evenue it is classified as a pure drug, and is not sold as a patent medicine. T h is

- F I R S T

146

J h « S ta n d ? c io r g of the S r d ir of the h o s p ita l of S t . J o h n of J eru salem in S n g la n d . AMBULANCE

SJhe S t .

O R D E RS.

C om m issioner :

W. H. W I N N Y , O.B.E.

M A Y, 1920. Sunday, „ „ „ „

A pril, 1920

several prominent officers of the ambulance movement together with a representative attendance of supporters. The members of the Brigade— some 33 in number— were in uniform, and a pleasing feature was the presence of the lady members of the recently instituted Nursing Division.

DEPARTM ENT.

J o h n .A m bulance S rig a d e .

D ISTR ICT

AI D. —

Sunday Duty, St. Paul’s Cathedral. 2nd.— No. 49 Divisior, Eritb. 9th.— No. 51 „ Croydon. i6th.--No. 52 „ Barclay Perkins. 23rd.— No. 53 „ Watford. 30th.— No. 54 „ Brentford.

From 2.30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Key from St. John’s Gate, 2 p.m. A N N U A L G E N E R A L M EETING . The annual general meeting of the officers of the Prince of Wales’s Corps was held at St. John’s Gate on March 27th. The Commissioner presided. At the invitation of the chairman the Chief Commissioner, Sir James Clark, Bt., C.B , C.M.G., attended, and made a state ment as to the present position of the Brigade in relation to the Agreement signed on Sept. 4th, 1919, between the Order of St. John and the British Red Cross Society. He also read to the meeting the resolutions relating to this matter passed on the previous day by the Council of the Order. Questions were asked and a discussion ensued, after which the Chief Commissioner replied in detail to the various points raised. A vote of thanks was passed to the Chief Commissioner for attending the meeting. D E W A R SH IE L D C O M PETITIO N . The preliminary competition to select a team to represent No. 1 District in the competition for the Dewar Shield was held at St. John’s Gate on Saturday, April 10th. The Judges were Assistant Commissioner, J. M. Carvell, M .B .E , Assistant Commissioner Lt.-Col. F. A. Brooks, and the District Surgeon, Dr. C. J. R. MacFadden, O.B.E. Teams from the following Divisions entered :— Hampstead. Leyton and Leytonstone. South Metropolitan Gas Works. Victoria (L.B. & S.C.R.) Kensington. The team from Hampstead won the first place, and will re present the District on May 13th next. N E W N U R S I N G D IV IS IO N . A new in ursing Division has been formed called the “ Fins bury Nursing Division,” and Miss A. M. Tuck has been appointed the Lady Divisional Supt. (Signed W. H. W I N N Y , Commissioner. Headquarters :— St. John’s Gate Clerkenwsll E.C.

I M P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested when sending news paper cutting of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . G r a y s ( N o. 73) D i v i s i o n .— There was a large attendance at the Queen’s Hotel, Grays, on Wednesday February 25th, when the Annual Dinner of the Grays Division St. John A m bulance Brigade was held, the gathering being most inter esting and enjoyable. Captain H. Emlyn Jones, hon. surgeon of the Division presided, and the function was attended by

T o y n b e e H a l l ( N o. 7) D i v i s i o n .— A Re-union dinner of the above Division was held on Saturday, March 20th, at the Talbot Restaurant, London Wall, E.C., to welcome back those members of the Division who have returned from His Majesty’s Forces. Covers were laid for 52 diners (which included a section from Millwall under Sergt Reid) who thoroughly appreciated the good fare set before them. The chair was taken by Supt J. A. S. Coleman, and StaffSergt. J. Lomas was vice-Chairman. They were supported by Capt. H. Emlyn-Jones Divisional Surgeon; Supt. Langley of the Southend Division (formerly Supt. of No. 7 Division). Also present were 1st Officer AJ W. Newton and 2nd Officer G. J. Kemp. The toast of “ The K in g ” was proposed by the Chairman. The toast of “ Our Guests” was proposed by 1st Officer. A. W. Newton and replied to by Capt. H. EmlynJones in a characteristically humorous speech, and also by Corporal Trussler on behalf of the returned N.C.O.’s and men. The toast of “ Our Fallen Comrades” was proposed by the Vice-Chairman (Slaff-Sergt. Lomas), who referred with sym pathy to the members of the Division who gave their lives during the war. While expressing regret of the Division at the loss of these valuable lives, he said it was not in his opinion cause for too sad a feeling as they had died as brave men in the execution of their duty. The following names were then read by him :— Pte. C. Ellis, died of pneumonia in Jersey ; Pte. E. P. Townsend, struck by lightning ; Pte. A. H. Flear, killed in action; Pte. L. F. Smith, killed in action. Pte. Smith was decorated by the French Government with the Croix de Guerre and specially mentioned in French despatches for great gallantry on several occasions when engaged in the rescue of French wounded. The toast of “ The Chairman” was proposed by Pte. Fearn during the evening and drunk with musical honours. The Entertainment Committee, consisting of Sergt. J. Reid ; and Ptes. A. de L. Jones and T. J. Saunderson pro vided a musical programme which was greatly enjoyed. Songs were sung by Mrs. A. Reid and Miss L. Reid, Mr. H. T. Bell, Mr. W. Porter and Pte. C. E. Bower. The Williams-Rowcliffe party of instrumentalists gave a variety of selections, in:luding many popular airs, which were much to the taste of the company. Mr. S. A. Freeman sang humorous songs in costume, his appearance as a police and other characters, evoking much merriment. The Misses E. Rodier and L. Goodwin gave an exhibition of fancy dancing which was very graceful and pleasing Mrs. J. Goodwin, Miss V. Reid and Mr. J. C. Reid also contributed to the programme. T h e menu card informed the diners that “ first aid could be rendered at any time during the evening by the chief butler and his assistants,” also “ motor ambulances and stretchers at at 10 a’clock,” with a final note that “ walking cases will receive special attention.”

It is hoped that a similar function may become an annual affair, as there is no doubt that such friendly meetings tend to further a spirit of comradeship and esprit-de-corps.

No. 5 District. S h e f f i e l d . — The Annual General Meeting of the Sergeant’s Mess, postponed owing to the War, was revived on March 13th, when a large and representative meeting took place in Sheffield. The proceedings opened with a dinner held at the King’s Arms Hotel, 41 members being present. After the dinner a business meeting was held, and presided over by 1st Class Sergeant G. W. Burkett, Rotherham, Mess President ; supported by the 1st Class Sergeant J. T. Firth, Sheffield, Mess Treasurer : Ex-Sergeant R. H. Daybell,

April, 1 £20

— FIRST

Heanor, Mess Secretary; 1st Class Sergeant Beasley (Shef field) ; 1st Class Sergeant Darby (Rotherham) ; 1st Class Sergeant Musson (Mansfield); 1st Class Sergeant Pettit (Bentley), Sergeant Greenwood (Tibshelf), Sergeant Frow (Sutton), together with representatives from the undermentioned Corps or Divisions:— Addingham, Bentley Colliery, Brodsworth Main Colliery, Conisboro’, Dearne Valley (Hudders field), Mansfield, Pontefract, Rotherham, Sheffield, and Warsop to the number of 50. Officers for the current year were elected as follows :— Mess Piesident— 1st Class Sergeant Beasley (Sheffield). „ Treasurer— 1st „ „ Firth do. „ Secrectary— 1st „ „ Musson (Mansfield). The question of a Camp during the current year was raised, and after discussion it was unanimously decided that recommendations in favour of one to be held during August at Blackpool be forwarded for the consideration of the District Staff. It was decided that the next meeting be called by the Secretary, and held in Nottingham. Hearty votes of thanks were recorded to the retiring Mess officers : 1st Class Sergeant G. W. Burkett and Ex-Sergeant (now Ambulance Officer), R. H. Daybell. After the meeting a successful smoking concert was held, a splendid programme being provided by the Sheffield N.C.O.’s Mess, including Sergeants Fielding, Foster and Growdon.

No. 8 District. M a i d s t o n e . — Members of the Division met on March 17th to honour one of their members, Pte. Thomas Pargeter, of Wheeler-street, a warder in Maidstone Prison, to whom has been awarded the St. John Certificate of honour for gallantry in allowing himself to be lowered into a deep well in Foley Park on August 14th, 1918, on the occasion of St. Luke’s Sunday School treat, for the purpose of rescuing a little boy named Victor Klein, aged.seven. Unfoitunately the child was apparently dead when brought to the surface. Supt. P. W. Hawkes occupied the chair, and was supported by Lieut.-Colonel Willoughby-Bullock (Acting Commissioner for the S.E. District of the St John Ambulance Brigade), Colonel F. S. W. Cornwallis (President), Transport Officer J. C. Dunk, Ambulance Officer Maxted. Lieut.-Colonel Willoughby-Bullock dealing with the cir cumstances of the heroic deed, said the risks from poisonous gases in wells was very great, but that did not deter Pte. Pargeter for one instant Pte. Pargeter might have sacrificed his own life, but they were very glad indeed that he was still with them, and that his gallantry had received such well merited recognition from the Chapter-General of the Order of St. John. Having been deputed by the Duke of Connaught, he had much pleasure in presenting the certificate of honour to Mr. Pargeter. Pte. Pargeter, in returning thanks, modestly remarked that he only did his duty, and his one regret was that he could not save the life of the boy (applause). The Commissioner then presented Colonel Cornwallis with his warrant of appointment as President of the District.

AID.—

i 47

Setters to the Sditor. Wt are in no may responsible for the opinions expressed, or statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

AIR

RA ID

th e

M EDALS.

D e a r S i r , — I w is h t o r a i s e a q u e s t i o n in r e f e r e n c e to t h e r e c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n of m e d a l s f o r a i r r a i d d u t i e s . I u n derstan d there w e re a certa in n u m b e r o f m e d a ls issu ed to e a c h D iv is io n of t h e B r i g a d e .

I should like to ask, why members who have served in His Majesty’s Forces abroad be deprived from this recognition, although many of them served up till as late as April, 1917, and turned out to every duty. One case I have in mind in particular This individual was the first man to be called by the police immediately an air raid warning was received ; he was responsible for calling out a ll the other members of his division, which generally meant a n hour’s strenuous riding on a bicycle. He was present at every raid duty till he enlisted, or rather was called to the Colours, in 1917- But because he has done service overseas in His Majesty’s Forces he was debarred from receiving the medal. Those who remained at home and saw no service were the ones who received it. This does not appear to be at all just, and I would like to see those members who were called up given the same privi lege.— Yours faithfully,

R .A .M .C.

Jractical Joints. The E d itor invites Notes 011 actual Cases — with special reference t good and bad boirtts in Treatment— ror inclusion in this Column.

N eed

F ir s t A id .

Recently a man found his wife hanging by a piece of cord from a beam in the cellar. Being strongly advised by a woman in the house not to cut his wife down, he promptly ran off to fetch a doctor. On his return he found that another neighbour had called in a police officer who, having rescued the patient, was attempting artificial respiration. At the inquest the doctor attributed the fatal result to delay in rendeiing First Aid, and mentioned that on a similar occa sion he had himself rescued a woman who had been left hang ing behind her bedroom door while her husband ran 300 yards to summon help, and who, on his arrival, was kicking the’ door with her heels. —M. C., Bristol.

A n open ambulance competition will be held at Wombwell on June 12th. Trophies and prizes will be given for Team and Individual competitions. For particulars apply Competition Secretary, 39, Hough-lane, Wombwell, near Barnsley.

A F a t a l P o u ltic e . The grave error in the Textbook (p. 116) where it describes a fomentation as “ lint soaked in hot water,” and the dangers associated with such improper use of moist heat are empha sised by a recent fatal accident. A baby aged 18 months was taken ill and was seen by a doctor, who ordered application of linseed meal poultices. His wife being seriously ill, the father tried to carry out instructions and made a “ poultice ” of linseed meal soaked in boiling water, with the result that he caused severe scalds of the chest, to the effects of which the baby suc cumbed two days later.— J. L. C., Tuffnell Park.

Thanks to the prompt action of the V .A .D . nurses at St. Dunstan’s Hostel for Blinded Soldiers and Sailors, R egen t’s Park, London, a fire which broke out on March 26th, did not harm any of the 150 men, all of whom were safely conducted to the lounge in the western wing.

W e regret that we have been compelled to hold over a considerable number of S .J .A .B . district reports this month owing to the considerable length of the competiticn reports,

148

— F IR S T

A ID

THE

ST.

JOHN

AMBULANCE

G A Z E T TE . —

A pril, 1920.

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. O fficia l

B r ig a d e

G a zette.

M A R C H , 1920. H.R.H. the Grand Prior of the Order has approved of the following appointments :— Corps Supt. A. B. Gibson to be Acting Assistant Commis sioner for the County of Nottinghamshire (No. 5 District) with effect from T4.3.20, Major J. Gorton, M.D., to be Assistant Commissioner for the County of Warwickshire (No. 3 District), with effect from 13.3.2a Divisional Surgeon Alexander James Boyd, M.D., to be Assistant Commissioner for the County of Hertfordshire (No. 10 District), with effect from 19.3.20. T h e C h ief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations:— No 1 D

is t r ic t

( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ).

District Staff.— Lady Corps Officer Mrs. Robinson trans ferred from No. 12 District, to be attached to Lady District Supt.’s staff, 7.4.20. No. 28 (London Post Office) Nursing Division).— Minnie L. C. Madgshon to be President, 3.2.20. Emily S. Cooke, M.D., B.S., to be Vice-President, 3.2.20. No. 21 (Bromley) Division.— Supt. T. Healey resigned his appointment, 26.3.20. No. 17 (Merton and Wimbledon) Division.— Supt. C. Orchard resigned his appointment ar.d is placed on the R e serve, 26.3.20. Ambulance Officer James Mitchell to be Divisional Supt., vice Supt. Orchard, resigned, 1.4 20. No. 48 (Ealing) Division.— Supt. J. D. Knight resigned his appointment, 26.3.20. Ambulance Officer Pullen resigned his appointment, 26.3.20. No 47N (Finsbury) Nursing Division.— Miss. A. C. Grogan M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19 3.20. Miss Alice Mary Tuck to be Lady Divisional Supt., 19 3.20. No. 24 (Manor Park) Nursing Division.—Nursing Sister E. M. Wilson to be Nursing Officer, 8.3.20. No. 70 (Royal Boro’ of Kensington) Division.— Frederic William Waudby Griffin, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 29.3.20. No. 73 (Grays) Division.— Appointment of Ambulance Officer Ernest Fry to be Divisional Surgeon, 18.2.20, as shown in last “ Gazette,” is incorrect, and should be “ Divisional Supt.” No. 2 D

is t r ic t .

City of Bristol Corps (Barton Hill Division).— Sergt. Edwin James Stiles to be Ambulance Officer, 15.2.20. City of Bristol Corps (J. Frys & Sons Division).— Divi sional Surgeon and Supt. C. W. J. Brasher resigned, 16.3.20. Cheltenham Corps (Sunningend Division).— Pte. Robert William Young to be Ambulance Officer, 13.2.20. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Birmingham Nursing Corps (Oratory Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Mrs. Ada Eades to be Nursing Officer, 13.3.20. Birmingham Corps.— Divisional Supt. William Edgar Ballard to be Corps Treasurer, 5.2.20, vice J. H. Rogers re signed.

Dudley and District Corps (Stourbridge Division).— George J. Meldon, B.A„ M.D., B.Ch., to be Divisional Surgeon, 9.320. Dudley and District Corps (Dudley Division).— Corporal Joseph T. Franks to be Ambulance Officer, 26.3.20. Pte. Alfred Winbon to be Ambulance Officer, 27.5.20. Birmingham Corps (Smethwick Division).— Ambulance Officer Joseph Henry Lamb to be Divisional Supt., 5.4.20. No. 4 D i s t r i c t . Sedgley Nuring Division.— Muriel Kerr, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon and Lady Divisional Supt., 18.2.20. Nursing Sister Mrs. Laura Pickup to be Nursing Officer, 9-7 -15Heywood Division.--Mrs. Edith Bromley to be Lady Divi sional Supt., 9.3.20. Ambulance Officer James Thomas Ashworth to be Divi sional Supt., 1.3.20, vice Supt. J. T. Hardman, resigned, and is transferred to tne reserve. • Chorley Nuising Division.— Nursing Sister Miss Doris Lindsay Cuff to be Lady Divisional Supt., 9.3.20, vice Lady Divi sional Supt. I nee resigned, 23.12.19. Oldham Corps.— Divisional Surgeon J. B. Lendrum, M.D., C.M., to be Corps Surgeon, 24.3.20, vice Dr. J. B. Wil kinson, resigned, 20.1.20. S. Gregory Halbert to be Corps Supt., 24.3.20, vice Dr. J. B. Wilkinson, resigned, 20.1.20. Manchester and Salford Corps (C.C.Ry. (Openshaw) Divi sion).— Thomas O’Connell, M.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 24.2.20, vice Dr. T. P. Yates, resigned, Oct., 1919. Edwin Cecil to be Ambulance Officer, 24.2.20. Cockermouth Nursing Division.— George Young, M.B., Ch.B.. to be Divisional Surgeon, 9.3.20. Accrington Corps.— James Baron to be Corps Secretary, 3.3.20, vice Mrs. Heap, M.B.E., resigned, 31.12.19. No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Pte. A. J. Bagley to be District Sergt., 25.2.20. Worksop Nursing Division. — Nursing Sister Miss Dorothy Allen to be Nursing Officer, vice Dorothy Gray, resigned, 3.8.19. Nursing Sister Miss Rebecca Sidwell Greaves to be Nurs ing Officer, 2.3 20. Newark Division.— Divisional Surgeon Major J. Stallard resigned and transferred to the Reserve, 19.3.20. Shipley and District Corps (North Division).— Corpl. A. Lambert to be Ambulance Officer, 19.3.20. Leeds Corps (Victoria Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Mrs. Florence Whitham to be Nursing Officer, 8.3.20. Nursing Sister Miss Elizabeth Dyer to be Nursing Officer, 9.3.20 ,

Denaby Main Corps.— Divisional Supt. Harry Watson Smith to be Corps Officer, I2’3.2Q, vice C. M. Phillips, resigned, 31.12.19. , Denaby Main Corps (Denaby Division).— Ambulance Officer George Henry Milnes to be Divisional Supt., 12.3.20. Mansfield Division.— Supt. R. K. Childs resigned and is placed on the Reserve, 26.3.20. Nottingham Corps (Bulwell Division).— Ambulance Officer Lawrence Sullivan to be Divisional Supt., 23.3.20, vice Dr. Coutts-Wood promoted. Nottingham Corps.— Divisional Surgeon Charles CouttsWood, M.B., Ch.B., to be Corps Surgeon, 16.3.20, vice Dr. H. J. Neilson transferred to the Reserve, 13.2.20. No. 6 D i s t r i c t . Derwent Valley Corps (Consett and District Division).— Sergt. Arthur William Ridwell to be Divisional Supt., 26.2.20, vice Supt. P. Cameron promoted to Corps Supt.

A p ril, 1920.

— F IR ST

A ID

THE

ST.

Hull Corps.— The Rt. Hon. The Lord Northburnholme to be President, 3.3 20. The Lady Northburnholme to be President, 3.3.20. Armstrong Whitworth Corps (Elswick Works Nursing Division).— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. Margaret Hyde to be Lady Divisional Supt., 27.2.20, vice Mrs. Brackenbury, resigned. Nursing Sister Miss Elizabeth Wilson to be Nursing Officer, 27.2.20, vice Miss Allison resigned. Malton and Norton Division.— Sergt. John Ti;klepenny to be Ambulance Officer, 13.3.20. Pelton Colliery Division.— Ambulance Officer John Henry Pigg to be Divisional Supt., 23.3 20, vice Supt. Lawson, re signed. Sergt. William Liddle to be Ambulance Officer, 23 3 20. N o. 7 D

is t r ic t .

Shrewsbury Corps (Town Division).— Sergt. Henry Bea man to be Ambulance Officer, 28.3.20, vice Ambulance Officer Allen, resigned, Nov., 1919. Shrewsbury Corps.— Corps Secretary A. W. Davies re signed, 7.4.20, N o.

JOH N

AM BULANCE

N o. 9 D

Esq., C.B.E., W. B. S. Mills, Esq., G. B. Hayne, Esq., P. C. Hopper, Esq., M.B.E. Sir George Lenthell Cheatle, K.B.E., C.B., F.R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 5.3.20. Walter Charles Banks to be Ambulance Officer, 5.3 20. John Stevens to be Ambulance Officer, 6.3.20. Addiscombe Division.— H. C. Swaine Esq., to be Honor ary President, 23.3.20. The following have been appointed Honorary Vice-Presi dents as from 23.3.20 :— F. N. Baker, Esq., L. W. Vicars, Esq. J. H. Thompson, M.B., B.Ch., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.2.20. E. J. Prew to be Ambulance Officer, 23.3.20. Queensborough Division.— H. A. Medwar, L.R.C.P., L.R.F.P. & S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 29.3'io. Charles W. Kersley to be Ambulance Officer, 29.3.20. C. R. Stevens, Esq., to be Honorary President, 29.3 20. The following have been appointed Vice-Presidents :— Capt. J. Jaffray, The Lord Queenborough, J. Tucker, Esq., The Rev. J . Castle, W. Fenton, Esq., W. Coveney, Esq., S. Johnson, Esq., W. Lodder, Esq., V. Warren, Esq.

is t r ic t .

N ew

N o. 1 D

N o. 2 D

ist r ic t

The Box Division sanctioned 15.3.20. Thornbury Ambulance Division disbanded 6.4.20. N o. 3 D

ist r ic t

Kislingbury Division of the Northampton Corps disbanded 3 3.20. N o. 8 D

ist r ic t

Camberley Nursing Division sanctioned 31.3.20. Clandon Nursing Division sanctioned 15 3.20. South

E astern

and

Chatham

R a ilw a y

J ames R. A n d r ew

E astern

and

C hath am

R a il w a y

(Colonel), Chief Commissioner.

Clark

Bray Nursing Division.-- Nursing Sister Miss Alice Odium to be Nursing Officer, 23.3.20. S outh

D ist r ic t .

Faversham Division sanctioned 12.3.20. Chatham Division sanctioned 10.3.20. Addiscombe Division sanctioned 24.3.20. Queensborough Ambulance Division sanctioned 31.3.20. Red Hill Railway Division sanctioned 7.4.20 Tonbridge Division sanctioned 7.4.20.

March Division.— Divisional Supt. Capt. W. Goodley re signed, 16.3.20. Ipswich Corps (Gippeswyk Division).--Frederick E. God dard to be Ambulance Officer, 13 3.20. is t r ic t

ist r ic t

No. 47N (Finsbury) Nursing Division sanctioned 19.3.20. No. 48 (Ealing) disbanded 26.3.20.

D is t r ic t .

N o . 12 D

D iv is io n s, & c .

Divisions sanctioned and disbanded :—

Falmouth Division.— Ambulance Officer Stanley T. Beringer to be Transport Officer, 30 3.20. Sergt. John F. L. Bonds to be Ambu.ance Officer, 30 3.20. 10

149

D ist r ic t.

Teynham Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Mrs. Jean Menter to be Nursing Officer, 19.2.20, vice Mrs. K. Henderson, resigned, 1.3.16. Nursing Sister Mrs. Winifred Gascoyne to be Nursing Officer, 20.2.20. Nursing Sister Mary Dobbie to be Nursing Officer, 23.2.20, vice Miss H. Melister, resigned, t.1.20. Houghton-under-Blean Division.— Arthur Kennedy, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 26.2.20. Isle of Thanet Corps (Westgate-on-Sea Division).— Ambu lance Officer George Sandys Britton to be Divisional Supt., 13.3.20. vice Supt. J. Kinmont transferred to the Reserve. Corpl. Percival Alfred Dyke to be Ambulance Officer, 13.3.20.

N o.

GAZETTE. —

D is t r ic t .

Hither Green Division.— Capt. John Wood, L.S.A.(Lond.), R.A.M.C.(T.) to be Divisional Surgeon and Supt., 1.3.20. Faversham Division.— The Lord Harris to be President, 10.3.20. S. R. Alexander, M.D., F.R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.3.20. C. P. Curling to be Ambulance Officer, 10 3.20. The following have been appointed Vice-Presidents as from 10.3.20. :— F. Neame, Esq., F. G. Capon, Esq., S. E. McLewin, Esq., Jabes-Smith, Esq., A. Smith, E s q , Capt. H. C. Wheler, T. C. Wedlake, Esq., Dr. H. Porter, R. Thomas, Esq., G. Tassell, Esq., G. C. H. Wheler, Esq., M.P., H. Leney, Esq., H. Neame’ Esq , C. Rigden, Esq., Capt. C. F. Hooper, C. Hollaway, Esq.’ C. Holmes, E s q , Capt. A. Faunce De Laune, Capt. J. C. Gerard Leigh, W. H. Gillett, E s q , W. W. Berry, Esq., H. Child, Esq., W. C. Dawes, Esq., C. H. Aitken, Esq., W. E. Bethell, Esq. Victoria Division.— The following have been appointed Vice-Presidents as from 5.3.20 :— F. W. West, Esq., F. P. Igglesden, Esq., A. D. Jones,

St.

Jo h n

V o lu n ta r y

A id

D etach m en ts.

A p p o in t m e n t s , R e s ig n a t io n s a n d

P r o m o t io n s.

H a m psh ir e .

Dr. H. Grainger has returned from Active Service and re sumed the duties of Commandant of Hants 210. Miss K. Trench appointed Assistant Commandant Hants 210. L a n c a s h ir e W e st .

Mrs. Marsden appointed Commandant W. Lancs 28, vice Miss Bretherton resigned. M id d l e s e x .

Middlesex 4 disbanded. Mrs. L. M. Hope to be Commandant Middlesex 46 vice Mrs. Anderson Smith resigned. Armagh.

Armagh 16 now ceases to exist and the remaining mem bers transferred to Armagh 2.

— FIR ST

A ID

T h e G r a n d P r io r y of t h e

THE

ST.

JO H N

Order of t h e

H o s p ita l of S t . John of J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d .

Chancery o f the Order, St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell, London, E . C ., A p r il gth, 1920. The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K nights o f Grace : The Lord Killanin, P.C. Lieut-General Sir George Francis Milne, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., D.S.O., R.A. Sir James Barr, M.D., LL.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.S. Major Colin William MacRae of Feiorlinn. A s Ladies o f Grace : Isabella Mary, Mrs. Mac-Rae Gilstrap. Isabel, Mrs. Clayton. Adelaide Lucy, Lady Boulton. A s Honorary Serving Brothers : Lieut-Colonel George Henry Usmar, O.B.E., L.R.C.P. & S.Ed. Robert William Brett. William Pearce. Ezra John Barnett, M.B.E. Frederick Samuel Bolton. Humphrey H. Jones. Samuel John Reeves. John B. Clarke. William George Emeny. A s Honorary Serving Sisters : Margaret, Miss Darby, M.B.E. Annie Virginia Margaret, Mrs. Orme. B o r Enrolm ent as Honorary Associates : Captain Frank Harvey, M.R.G.P., M.R.C.S., R.A.M.C.(T.F.) Lily Mary, Mrs. Smith, M.B.E. Herbert Ecward McDonagh.

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y of W o r k for M a rc h . • T h e r e is not much o f interest to record this month from the V .A .D . headquarters. T h e General Service Depart ment is still awaiting definite instructions from the War Office as to the extension of contracts both at home and abroad for a further six months. As regards Military Hospitals the number of requisi tions received for the services of nursing members is 116, and 45 members have been posted to Nava), Military and Pensions Hospitals during the month. Nursing members are urgently needed for Pension Hospitals, and the rate of pay is the same as they were drawing in their last appointments in a Military Hospital. With regard to the details of the Society of Overseas Settlements of British Women activities given last month it may be of interest to mention that 258 members availed themselves of this opportunity of emigrating to the Dominions. Our members have practically applied for free passages to every part of the E m p ire— Canada, New Zealand, A u s

AMBULANCE

GAZETTE. —

April, 1920

tralia, South Africa, India, the West Indies, Straits Settle ments, and Tasmania. T h e Central Committee on W om en’s Training and Employment has now been set up at St. Ermin’s, West minster; the Hon. Sec. being Miss Mary MacArthur. T he Committee is prepared to receive applications for training from V . A D. members whose circumstances have, by reasons of the war, rendered it necessary that they should train for a definite profession. We regret to announce the death of Nursing Member Miss Margaret Gilles Richmond M acintosh, who died on November 28th, 1919, from illness contracted while on service.

Sailwau Jlmbulance. S E & C . R . — T h e Final Competition of the Com pany was held at the Cannon Street Hotel on March 25th. Five teams representing the various groups of the Centre competed in a very interesting Competition in which Dr. N. Corbet Fletcher and Dr. C. Robertson were the Judges. Below are the results. 1.— Bricklayer’s Arms Locom otive Department, 247. 2.— Ashford Works United, 224^. 3.— Hither Green (No. 2), 198. 4.— Ashford Station, 158. 5.— Victoria (No. 2), 144. T h e Bricklayer’s Arms Team will represent the C om pany in the Inter-Railway Competition. Part

Card to No. 5.— (Who stands in middle of room). You are standing on the bank of a narrow and shallow river, in which you propose to enjoy a swim. When the Judge calls out “ Begin,” you will dive forward on to the mattress, which represents the river, struggle for a few seconds, and then he perfectly still on your face. Card to No. I.— (Who stands at door of room). Your team are in training for this Competition, and you are all staying at a Country inn which is forty yards from a river. No. 5 and you left the Inn for a swim before lunch. No. 5 has reached the river before you, and is now standing on the bank about to dive into the water. If you notice anything wrong with him, then act as you should. N.B.— The Judge will only answer questions as to what you might see, hear, feel, smell or taste. Card to Nos. 2, 3 and 4.— (Who remain outside the room). Your team are in training for this Competition, and you are all staying at a Country Inn which is forty yards from a river. Yon have your full Ambulance Equipment at the Inn. You three are having lunch together, and you know that Nos. 1 and 5 have gone together for a swim in the river before lunch. N .B .— The Judge will only answer questions as to what you might see, hear, feel, smell or taste. Immediate Action of No 1 Bearer. Loud call to Nos. 2, 3 and 4 ... ••• Enquire for bystander (small boy) ••• Despatch boy, write verbal message to others Mode of approach on river ... ■Jump in river now and pull out No. 5 ... Enquire if patient breathing (No.) .... Don’t remove clothing ... ••• Begin Schaefer at once (No marks if any delay) Nos. 2, 3 and 4 Bearers. (Allowed to participate two minutes later).

••• ••• ...

2 2 2 2

•••

5 3 3 3

April, 1920.

—FIRST

Mode of approach with Equipment Enquire history from No. 1 ...

... ...

3 2

Enquire Doctor now (lives in Village 100 yards away, going out, can only wait 15 minutes). Enquire transport (Stretcher) ... ... ... 2 Delay message to Doctor for present ... ... 2 Further Action of Bearers. Continual artificial respiration ... ... ... 2 Correctness and efficiency of movements ... ... 10 Modify as breathing re-established ... ... 2 Enquire palpable hmmorrhage (incised wound over Right eyebrow) ... ... ... ... 3 Enquire palpable deformity (Right foot everted) ... 3 Stimulate circulation (friction with hand, towel extra warmth, etc.) ... ... ... ... 3 N o t e .— If artificial respiration properly carried out, Judge says, “ Patient is breathing well.” Examination of Bearers. Enquire re head wound (incised, blood oozing) ... 2 Exclude fracture of skull (no signs) ... ... 2 Examine Right lower limb next ... ... ... 2 Exclude fractured thigh ... ... ... 2 Establish fracture both bones Right leg (mid shafts) ... 2 Exclude compound fracture (simple) ... ... 2 Exclude fracture of other limbs ... ... ... 2 Exclude other injuries— e.g., bruises, etc. ... ... 2 Enquire as to present condition ; face (pale) ; pulse (weak); breathing (shallow); conscious (yes) ... 4 Methods of examination ... ... ... 5 Treatment of Head Wound. Explore for foreign body (none) ... ... ... Iodine: dry boric lint ... ... ... Cottonwool: narrow bandage ... ... ... Neatness and efficiency of work ... ... ... Treatment of Fractured Leg. Bearer detailed control foot ... ... ... Place natural position (with care and without force) ... Keep up traction, leave clothing ... ... ... Two splints, five bandages, limb tied to limb ... Neatness and efficiency of work ... ... ... Transport of Patient. Written message to Doctor at early moment, when full details appreciated Report condition, and ask meet at Inn Written message to Innkeeper’s wife Advise preparation at Inn (clear hall ; bed ; hot bottle blankets) Prepare and place stretcher. Test Loading stretcher. Adjust slings Lifting and carrying ; care of fractured leg ... Continued observation; cover warmly Don’t wait change bearers ; rapid travel Unison of working ; general smartness Note.— Judge says— “ Doctor meets you at door of Inn.” Report to Doctor (cause, treatment, injuries) ... Enquire for Doctor’s instructions... ... ... Replacement of equipment ... ... ...

2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 5

2 2 2

P a r t II. Bearer No. 1. You are in a train which has stopped at a small station. Your only companions are a woman and a small boy, who is seated on her lap beside the window. The carriage door is slammed, and you hear a scream from the child. You have your havresac with you. Act as you should. Re Child. Enquire evidence of cause (fingers of left hand crushed in door) ... ... ... Warn mother you will open door. Encouraging words... Open door, supporting child’s forearm ... ... Place child flat on seat, raise forearm, cover up ...

2 1 2 1

AI D. — Enquire rc fingers (tops of all four crushed and obviously dirty. No arterial bleeding)... Enquire re Doctor (due at station in six minutes) Obtain warm boiled water (Refreshment Room) Wash fingers freely with sterile water Apply Tinct. Iodine freely Clean dressing, pad cotton wool ... Bend forearm, hand raised above elbow . . Padded splint (wrist to beyond finger tips) ... Figure 8 bandage, large arm-sling Warm drinks (tea, milk from Refreshment Room) Re Mother. Enquire re mother (appears faint) Head low ... Give sip of cold water, wrap warmly Sal Volatile (one teaspoon to tumbler) Report to Doctor on arrival (cause, injuries, treatment)... Bearer No. 2. Your wife is busy in the kitchen cooking your dinner. You are near the window overhauling your havresac. You hear her scream and call for help. Act as you should. Enquire evidence of cause (joint slipped and splashed grease all over face) Warn wife not rub wounds with fingers Encouraging words : place on couch Immediately exclude air with cotton wool Prepare solution of bicarbonate of soda Dessertspoonful to pint warm boiled water Wash face thoroughly : do not break blisters ... 3 Enquire Doctor (due at house in six minutes) ... 2 Prepare mask (holes for eyes, nose and mouth) ... 2 Spread boric ointment thickly : place mask on ... 2 Remove to bed : cover warmly : warm drinks ... 3 Report to Doctor on arrival (cause, injuries, treatment given)... ... ... ... ... 2 Bearer No. 3. This man is riding in the Park, where he is thrown from his horse and accidentally kicked just below the left ribs. He is now sitting on the ground palpably in great pain. His face is deadly white. Act as you should. Place recumbent (head low and turned to side) ... Advise bystander control horse ... ... ... Undo clothing, neck, chest and abdomen ... ... Enquire breathing (rapid and shallow), and pulse (rapid and weak) ... ... ... ... Keep back crowd, fresh air freely ... ... Examine injury (no bleeding, marks of severe bruising)... Enquire re doctor and transport (Doctor and ambulance due in six minutes) ... ... ... Exclude fractured ribs and other injuries (none) ... Exclude injury to stomach (no evidence) ... ... Mode of examination for fractures, etc. ... ... Sprinkle cold water on face, smelling salts to nose ... Avoid other stimulants ... ... Ice to suck, cold water to sip Apply ice bag (or cold water) to injured part ... Report to Doctor on arrival (cause, injuries, treatment)... Bearer No. 4.

2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 j 2 2

You are on duty at a railway terminus. A train has just arrived. Opening a door, you see a man lying on a seat of a carriage, apparently asleep. How would you act ? Endeavour to wake man up (not easily roused) ... By speaking and shaking (less drowsy if roughly and properly handled) ... ... Examine surroundings (empty bottle labelled “ Chlorodyne ” under seat) ... ... ... Examine pupils (contracted), and breath (heavy odour) ... Exclude apoplexy and injuries (none) ... ... Enquire Doctor (due at station in six minutes) ... Decide treat for Opium poisoning ... horce patient on feet, make walk up and down platform Slap face and neck with wet towel ... ...

2 2 1 2 2 j 2 j

— F I R S T When able swallow properly, give emetic ... ... Mustard and warm water (tablespoon to tumbler) ... March to Refreshment Room, using force, if necessary... Give strong black coffee : repeat, if necessary ... Give antidote, if available ... ... ... Permanganate Potash (or Condy’s Fluid) ... ... Ten grains (or 3 tablespoons) to pin t: repeat ... Report to Doctor on arrival (cause, treatment, etc.) .. Bearer No. 5.

2 1 2 2 1 I 1 2

A train is leaving a railway station, when this young woman rushes forward and tries to board it. She stumbles into a kneeling position on her right knee, and is now balancing herself on her left leg bent at the knee with her right hand placed on the platform. You are just behind her. Act as you should. Prevent girl falling against train ... ... ... 2 Support girl while asking if in pain (great pain in right kneecap ... ... ... ... 2 Enquire for a woman assistant (yes) ... ... 1 Witn this assistance place patient on back ... ... 2 Giving individual attention to right knee joint ... 2 Examine kneecap— pain (yes); loss power (yes); swelling (yes); irregularity (yes, gap felt) ... ... 2 Exclude other injuries (none ... ... ... 2 Enquire for doctor [due at Station in six minutes) ... 2 Decide, treat for Fractured Patella ... ... 2 Straighten and raise lower limb ... ... ... 1 Raise and support head and shoulders ... ... 1 Using assistance of the woman assistant ... ... 1 Apply splint from buttock to heel ... ... t Apply two bandages round (and close to) kneecap ... 1 Secure splint with two bandages ... ... ... 1 Explicit instructions to assistant re upper bandage ... 1 Support foot from ground, apply cold to knee ... 2 Report to Doctor on arrival (cause, injuries, treatment)... 2 P a r t III.

(1) (2)

Bearer No. 1. When you have to treat a young man in a state of convulsions (1) What possible conditions do you recognise ? (2) What points do you consider in arriving at a con clusion as to the cause of the convulsions ? Give examples where possible. Epilepsy, Hysteria, Strychnine ... ... 3 Prussic Acid, Fungi Berries ... ... ... 3 i. History of previous attacks— e.g., epilepsy ... 3 ii. History of possible cause— e.g., shock, illhealth ... ... ... 2 iii. Evidence of possible cause (surroundings)— e.g., poison bottle ... ... ... 3 iv. Mode of onset— e.g., sudden and complete (epilepsy) ... ... ... 3 v. Character of fit— e.g., epilepsy— short, sharp; . hysteria— prolonged ... ... 2 vi. Effects of sympathy—e.g., hysteria - worse, and occur only when others present ... 2 vii. Effects of fit— Epilepsy (injury to self) ... 3 Bearer No. 2. When you have to treat a patient in a state of insenibility (1) What degrees of insensibility do you recognise ? (2) What points do you consider in arriving at a con clusion as to the degree of insensibility? Give examples where possible. Sleep, stupor, coma .. ... ... 6 i. History of previous attacks— e.g., epilepsy, hysteria ... ... ... 3 ii. History of possible cause— e.g., concussion, after head injury ... ... ... 2 iii. Evidence of possible cause (surroundings)— e.g., hammer, poison bottles ... ... 3 iv. Mode of onset— e.g., Epilepsy, sudden and complete ; after accident, etc. ... 3 v. Response to tests of insensibility— Reply to speech ... ... ... ... 3

AID.—

A p ril, 192O.

Response to touch Reaction of pupils

... ...

2 2

Bearer No. 3. When you have to treat a case of poisoning by the mouth (1) What main groups of poisons do you recognise ? (2) What point do you consider in arriving at a con clusion as to the group of poison taken ? Give examples where necessary. (1) Corrosive and non-corrosive ... ... ... 2 (2) i. Evidence of burning of mouth— i.e., corrosive; if absent, non-corrosive ... ... ... 3 ii. History of possible cause ... ... ... 2 iii. Evidence of possible cause (Surroundings)— e.g., empty poison bottle ... ... ... 3 iv. Mode of onset of Symptoms— Immediate, Cor rosive; sudden, others ... ... ... 2 v. Character of Symptoms— Nervous— Stupor quickly coma, Opium, etc. ... 2 Delirium with asphyxia,Sulphonal,etc. 2 Changes in pupils. Opium ... 2 Convulsions— Convulsants ... 2 Stomach, etc. Vomiting. Metallic ... 2 ' Several persons. F ood ... ... ... 2 Bearer No. 4. When you have to treat a case in which breathing is absent— (1) What main groups of causes do you recognise ? (2) What points do you consider in arriving at a con clusion as to the probable cause ? Give examples where possible. (1) Obstruction of air passages ... ... ... 2 Inhalation of poison gases ... ... ... 2 Pressure on chest... ... ... ... 2 Nervous affections ... ... ... 2 (2) i. History of possible cause- e.g., shock, poison, gas laden room ... ... ... ... 3 ii. Evidence of possible cause (Surroundings)— e.g., patient, head injury; rope round neck ... 3 iii. Mode of onset of Symptoms— e.g., sudden, Light ning; gradual, Narcotic poison ... ... 3 iv. Presence of convulsions— e.g., poisons, especially Strychinine ... ... ... ... 3 v. Signs of Constitutional Disease— e.g., Epilepsy ... 3 Bearer No. 5. When you have to treat a case of bicmorrhage from the mouth— (1) What possible sources of bleeding do, you recognise 1 (2) What points do you consider in arriving at a con clusion as to the probable source of bleeding ? Give examples were possible. (1) Mouth (tongue, gums, tooth), throat ..... 4 Nose, Lungs, Stomach ... ... ... 3 (2) i. History of previous attacks— e.g., disease of lung or stomach ... ... ... ... 3 ii. History of possible cause— e.g., tooth extraction, blow on stomach, etc. ... ... ... 3 iii. Evidence of possiblecause (Surroundings)— e g., fractured ribs, bitten tongue ... ... 3 iv. Mode of onset of Symptoms ... ' ... 3 v. Character of blood — e.g., Scarlet, frothy (lungs) dark, coffee ground (stomach) ... ... 3 vi. Signs of Constitutional Disease— Collapse, emaci ation ... ... .-. ... 2 L. & N.W . R y .— T h e final competition was held at Belle V u e Gardens, Manchester, on 7th April, which created a good deal of interest amongst the employees of the Company. Eleven teams entered for the competition representing the various Ambulance Districts on the Line, and Dr. H. G. Cooper and Capt. R. R eid Duncan acted as judges. W e noticed in the circular issued to the spectators the following appeared :—

—FIRST

A p ril, 1920.

“ T o avoid distracting the Judges and to ensure equal fairness to all Competitors, spectators are kindly requested to refrain from commenting audibly among themselves upon the identity of the T eam s or upon the character of their work while the Competition is still in progress.” T his is a feature which should be emphasised in every competition. A t the conclusion of the competition L ad y Tootal Broadhurst distributed the prizes, and the results were declared as follows :— , Team. Individ Total. T ea m . Test. ual. (264) ( 537) (273) 1.— Wolverhampton (Goods) 223 396 173 200 2.— Manchester (London Road) 180 386 3.— Wolverhampton (Carriage Dept.) 196 147 353 4.— Earlstown (Wagon Dept.) 182 336 154 5.— Willaston 179 151 330 6.— -Liverpool (Alexandra D ock) 123 188 3 11 7.— Bangor (Engineering) 182 122 3°4 8.— Crewe (Electric Shops L o c o Dept.) 160 J3 2 295 98 9.— Castlethorpe ' 189 28k 10 — Leeds 120 253 J 33 1 r.— Oxenholme 103 246 143 Str e tc h e r

T ests.

Card A.— You are called to an accident at the station. The accident occurs on an island platform. The platform has a subway to the entrance. Motor ambulances and a hospital are near in the town. Card B.— The injured man is lying on the platform on his left side surrounded by broken glass. He is in a state of stupor and a piece of dirty glass is seen piercing his left trouser leg just above the knee. The clothes round the wound are stained with blood, and the stain is increasing in size. Card C. — A bystander states that the man while working on the glass roof of the station was seen to fall through the roof, and to strike his back across a beam, and then fall on to the platform. Card D.— The man has now recovered consciousness and complains of severe pain in the back, and inability to move his limbs. Entrance of Teams. Style— appearance— smartness— word of command— drill Card A handed to No. 4. Collect wounded ; advance ... ... ... Card B handed to No. 4. Immediate treatment. Digital pressure femoral artery ... ... ... Correct position pressure point ... ... ... Efficiency— intelligent questions... ... ... Card C handed to No. 4. History of accident from bystander. Examine replies in answer to questions— no fracture, skull—limbs— examine for cause and treat stupor ... Treatment of wound of thigh. Position of patient ( Care handling limb ... I » . „ patient I Low Position of head \ One side Elevate limb Loosen clothing Maintain digital pressure femoral Exposure of wound (method) Tourniquet femoral artery— Size of pad Position Support limb elevated position ... Test efficiency of arrest of hmmorrhage after removal of digital pressure ... Avoid elastic bandage

10 5 5 5 5

AID. —

iS 3

Avoid contamination of wound— Do not touch with unsterilised fingers Do not wash with unsterilised water Disinfect fingers of assistant— Clean Swab with tincture of iodine Swab with spirit Remove foreign bodies seen— Glass Clothes Hair Do not search for foreign bodies not seen Clean the wound freely with sterilised water... Apply tincture of iodine— To wound ... To surrounding skin ... Apply dressing— Sterilised gauze Sterilised lint Boracic lint Or other sterilised improvised dressings Do not apply sticking plaster Do not disturb clot of blood No pad applied over dressing Bandage lightly Supporting and elevating limb ... Keep limbs warm Test bottle Advices. Send for medical aid ... Send for motor ambulance Send word to hospital... Examination of patient for cause of stupor. Patient can be roused... Pupils equal Pupils re-act to light— Contract with light Expand dark Both conjunctivas sensitive Pulse Respiration Treatment of stupor. Undo tight clothing neck, chest, waist Prevent crowding— fan the patient Give no food and no drink Use smelling salts Keep warm— test bottles Card D handed to No. 4. Consciousness returns— patient complains o. severe pain in back and inability to move his legs. Diagnosis of stupor (concussion)... Diagnosis of injury (fractured spine) Other signs of fracture of spine— Loss of feeling below the waist ... Inability to pass urine Give drink of water ... No hot drinks— no tea Obtain name and address Send message home....... Re-assuring words to patient Treatment of fracture of the spine. Prevent all movements by the patient Method of preparing patient for lifting 10 Method of passing broad bandages 2 Method of lifting IO Stretcher tested 5 Stretcher placed under patient by bystander... Lower patient on stretcher Cover up— test bottle ... Drinks Examine wound for bleeding Elevate leg Encourage to go to sleep Stretcher exercise. Drill 5 Remove down subway to ambulance 5 Loading ambulance ... 10

— F I R S T

*54

Re-examine patient ... ... ... ... Arrive at hospital— Unload ambulance ... ... ... ... (No doctor present.) Do nothing further— wait for doctor ... ... Re-examine for haemorrhage ... ... ... If tourniquet painful and has been applied more than half an hour may be loosened and digital pressure substituted ... ... ... ... Keep warm ... ... ... ... General smartness ... ... ... ... Speed ... ... ... ... ... In d iv id u a l

2 10 5 2 5

1 15 5

T ests.

Bearer No. 1. You are called to an unconscious man lying in contact with a live wire. Render first aid. Inability to swich off current ... ... ... 2 Precautions to insulate oneself ... Stand on an insulator India-rubber mat or boots Linoleum ... Dry glass Dry bricks Dry straw ... Dry cloth ... Protect hands b y — Rubber gloves Tobacco pouch Dry articles of clothing Folded newspaper Attemps to drag the patient away— Loop of dry rope Ciooked stick Do not use umbrella and reason why After safe insulation drag patient away from contact— Avoid touching patient’shands ... ... ... I Avoid touching wet clothing ... ... ... 1 Avoid touching moist clothing— armpits ... ... I Avoid touching boots ... ... ... 1 And reason why ? ... ... ... ... 1 At once commence artificial respiration— Schafer’s method 7 If face congested change to Sylvester’s method ... 7 Method of changing ... ... ... 3 After ten minutes change to Schafer’s ... ... 5 Persevere for two hours ... ... ... 3 Apply smelling salts ... ... ... ... 1 Snuff ... ... ... ... ... 1 Help to promote the circulation— method ... ... 5 No drinks till consciousness returns ... ... 1 When recovered consciousness give hot drink ... 1 Poultice ... ... ... ... 1 Hot bottles— tested ... ... ... ... 2 Treatment for burns ... ... ... ... 5 Watch patient for some time ... ... ... 2 Bearer No. 2. A man has fallen on his left shoulder and fractured his left clavicle. Describe the signs and symtoms and treat him. Patient complains of acute pain left collar bone ... 1 Arm on left side is helpless ... ... ... I Arm is supported at elbow with right hand ... ... 1 The head is held inclined to the left side ... ... 1 Deformity— Left shoulder falls forwards and inwards ... ... 1 Left shoulder downwards ... ... ... 1 Swelling over seat of fracture ... ... ... I Fractured end felt to overlap ... ... ... I Outer fragments being the lower... ... ... 1 Unnatural m . b i l i , , } ™ ' “ » « “ Signs of shock ... Send for doctor ... Treatment. Method of removing clothes Size of pad ... Keep the shoulder well back Apply St. John sling ...

">'{ ... ...

^ ... ...

1 I I

... ... ... ...

3 I 1 10

A ID . —

April, 1920.

See that the pulse is present at the wrist ... 3 Treat shock ... ... ... ••• 3 Supplementary Card to this Bearer. In what other injuries is the St. John sling used ? Fractured scapula ... ... ... 3 Haemorrhage palmar arch ... ... 3 Smartness... ... ... ... ••• 3 Bearer No. 3 You are called to a siding to attend an accident. A shunter has been crushed between two wagons. He lies on the ground an<J complains of sharp pain in the region of the lower ribs. He is pale and collapsed, and his pulse is falling. What is the probable injury and treat him. Injury. Internal haemorrhage... ... ... ... 2 A ruptured spleen ... ... ... ... 2 Fractured ribs ... ... ... ... 2 Judge states case of internal haemorrhage, and asks, What signs do you expect to find ? Rapid loss of strength ... ... ... 1 Pallor of face and lips ... ... ... 2 Cold clammy skin ... ... ... ... 1 Giddy and faint ... ... ... ... 2 Pulse fails— may disappear ... ... ... 2 Breathing quick and laboured ... ... ... 2 Yawning— sighing ... ... ... ... 2 Patient becomes restless ... ... ... 1 Tugs at throat ... ... ... ... 1 Calls for air ... ... ... ... 1 Becomes finally unconscious ... ... ... 2 Treatment. Recumbent position ... ... ... ... 1 Place on rug ... ... ... ... 1 Head low ... ... ... ... ... 1 Head on one side ... ... ... ... 1 Undo all tight clothing ... ... ... 1 Provide air— fainting... ... ... ... 3 Sprinkle face cold water ... ... ... 1 Smelling salts ... ... ... ... 1 Avoid other forms of stimulants ... ... 2 Ice to suck ... ... ... ... 2 Sips of cold water ... ... ... ... 2 Ice bag over spleen ... ... ... ... 4 If patient collapsed raise feet ... ... ... 2 Bandage limbs— toes to hips ... ... ... 4 fingers to shoulders ... ... 4 Send for doctor ... ... ... ... 1 Address of patient ... ... ... ... 1 Cover up and keep warm ... ... ... 2 Bearer No. 4. You are called to a man lying in waiting-room, con scious but unable to speak. Near him is a bottle with a torn label on which you can make out P H — OL. What signs do you expect to find, and what would you do ? Stain white— lips ... ... ... ... 2 face ... ... ... ... 2 tongue ... ... ... 2 inside cheeks ... ... ... 1 Pain— throat ... ... ... ... 1 abdomen ... ... ... ... 1 Odour breath ... ... ... ... 2 Nervous symtoms ... ... ... ... 2 Treatment— Send urgently for medical aid ... ... ... 2 Stating case of carbolic acid poisoning ... ... 3 Give no emetic ... ... ... ... 2 Limewater ... ... ... ... 1 Chalk"** } inwater One tablespoonful to a tumbler ... ... ... Give one pint of milk with a tablespoonful of Epsom salts A raw egg ... ... ... ... ... Cream and flour ... ... ... ... Oils— Olive ... ... ... ... Salad ... ... ... ... Cod Liver ... ... ... ... Sardine ... ... ... ...

1 2 3 1 1 1 1 I 1

April, 1920

- F I R S T

Give demulcent drink— Barley water Thin greul Keep awake Watch the breathing— artificial respiration if necessary Poultice to neck Poultice to abdomen ... Treat shock Preserve — bottle--vessels vomit

I 1 2

A I D -

155

GREAT

AID

I I

FIRST

3 3

1 Bearer No. 5. A man in front of you trips and falls on his outstretched hand. He has cut the palm of his right hand which is bleeding freely, and complains of a severe sickening pain in right shoulder. Immediate treatment. Digital pressure on brachial artery Send for medical aid ... Send,for street ambulance box ... Keep the crowd well back Intelligent inquiries of patient First Supplementary Card to this Bearer. There is no fracture of arm or forearm. The ambulance box has arrived. Tourniquet on brachial artery Flexion at elbow Two pads at wrist, ulna and radius Relax tourniquet Test efficiency for arrest of haemorrhage Dress wound ; Iodine— gauze— method Give drink... Support limb Cover patient— keep warm Remove to house Remove clothes— method Second Supplementary Card to this Bearer. Present— Dislocation of shoulder joint. What signs and symptoms do you expect to find ? Increasing pain Swelling ... Deformity of shoulder :— Unnatural position Mis-shapen joint Numbness of parts below Loss of power Fixity of joint :■ — Patient unable to move the limb ... Attendant unable to move the limb Swelling about the shoulder joint Treatment. Place on couch Rest limb on pillars ... Apply ice— cold water Apply warmth, if ice gives no relief Treat shock Remain till the doctor arrives

DR.

AID.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an epitome of all that specialised medical and surgical knowledge necessary for First Aiders, as well as an authoritative manual or reference on all information relating to Health and Disease, is a work to be welcomed by all our readers who wish to study their subject more deeply than is possible from superficial text books. In “ T h e Modern Physician,” by Dr. Andrew Wilson, fullest space is devoted to “ First A i d ” and Am bulan ce Work. In respect of completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, “ T h e Modern Physician ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being d u l l ; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of Health laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. Th is work is absolutely complete as regards Health and Disease. As a knowledge of the body in Health is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the bod y’s microscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ mannikins ” or dummies more especially ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the human body. T h e section devoted to H ygiene includes the full exposition of the Laws of Health, and special attention is devoted to Physical Culture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, holidays’ temperament, &c., are treated in this section. T h e last volume is especially devoted to the Health of Women, and Dr. Wilson has here been assisted by a number of eminent women physicians. Midwifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fully dealt with. ONE

MANY

O P IN IO N S

M r. J . D A N IE L , K e n t A v e n u e , A s h f o r d , w r i t e s : —

R e v ie w s . J. F. S U T H E R L A N D ’S A I D T O I N J U R E D A N D S IC K . 3rd Edition. London : Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., Ltd. Price 4d. net.

“ Its a llr o u n d excelle n ce m akes it a v alu ab le acqu isition . T h e section d ea lin g w ith a m b u lan ce w o rk is esp ecially good . T h e book is w ritten in splendid style and the illu stration s are first rate. The m ethod o f paym ent places it w ithin the reach o f a ll.”

F IR ST

This little book, which consists of 48 pages, with 10 illus trations, is wonderfully concise, and contains the whole outline of first aid teaching, and seeing that it can be carried in a waistcoat pocket it should prove most useful to students to re fresh their memories on the subject from time to time. The chapters on fractures and haemorrhage are particularly good, they give the whole subject in a nutshell.

A TO

THE

FR EE CAXTON

BO O K LET.

PU B L ISH IN G

COMPANY,

L td .,

83 , S u r r e y S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W . C . 2. Please send me, I r e e o f C h a r g e and witho ut an y obligation on my part Illustrated B oo kle t c f “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n . ' N a m e .......................................................................................... (S end this For m on a Postcard.) A d d r e s s ...................................................................

— FIRST CONTENTS

THIS

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l —

Ambulance Competitions “ Iglodine” D is t r ic t

145 145

R epo rts—

No. 1 ; No. s ... No. 8 ... .................................................................................

146

147

L e t t e r s t o t h e E d it o r —

Air Raid Medals

147

P r a c t ic a l P o in t s —

Need of First Aid Fatal Poultice ...

147 147

T h e St . Joh n A m bu lan ce G a ze t te —

Official Brigade Gazette... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England V . A . D . Summary for March Railway Ambulance

148 IS® 150 150

R e v ie w s —

J. F. Sutherland’s First Aid to Injured and Sick Brevities ... Q u e r ie s a n d

A n sw er s to

155 156

C o r r espo n d en ts—

Artificial Respiration Narcotic Poisoning Carbolic Acid ... Fractures of Femur, Ribs and Clavicle

...

Compound Complicated Fracture of Humerus Transport of Fractured Spine Carbolic Acid Poisoning Treatment of Strained Muscles ... Qualifications of First Aider

158 158 158 158 158 158 158 158 158

B r e v itie s . T h e Medico-Political Committee at its last meeting considered the statement of a member that, having under taken to give a course of St. John Am bulance lectures for a fee of five guineas, he found that the course had been extended from five lectures to six with no addition to the fee. T h e Com m ittee gave instructions that a letter should be written to the Secretary of the St. John Am bulance Association asking whether the correspondent had been rightly informed and whether the central body was aware that no additional remuneration was being offered for the extra lecture. T h e M edical Secretary has been officially informed that the course has been extended from five lectures to six ; that it was presumably due to an oversight that no alteration had been made in the f e e ; but that steps were being taken to amend the regulations. T h e official fee in future will therefore be at the rate of one guinea a lecture, which is in accordance with the approved policy of the Association.

Centre Secretaries should note this. * * * “ Speaking as Mayor of the Borough I can only say

that I regard the Am bulance Corps as being a very great

AID. —

April, 1920.

asset to the life of the borough, and anyone with any sense of responsibility for the well-being of Croydon and of the general community could not think of such a body of perfectly trained men existing in the borough without real ising the enormous asset they are.” So said the Mayor when addressing the members of the Addiscombe Division recently. L et us hope that public officials in other towns will realise the benefits of having a similar organisation in their midst. * * * T h e Hon. Secretaries of the Redruth Ambulance Division has received the following letter from a local doctor. I wish to place on record my appreciation of the very valuable services rendered by your Ambulance men in removing my patient to hospital yesterday morning. It must be rare indeed that such a critical case and one so demanding promptness and skill in removal comes under the scope of your men. Yet, without these important factors in the case, we should have been helpless, as it was quite doubtful whether the patient would come off the table alive. Not only did she do so, but there is now every prospect that she will recover. It is gratifying to receive such testimony as this, and it speaks well for their training. * * * M uch is expected from the General Council of the League of R ed Cross Societies, whose first conference at Geneva has now closed. It was attended by delegates from twenty-eight countries and formed undoubtedly the most powerful organisation for the relief of suffering which the world has ever seen. Mr. Balfour, President of the Council of the League of Nations, addressed an eloquent appeal to the R ed Cross League to organise an effort worthy of its unique position for- relieving the distress in Central and Eastern Europe) which “ seems almost worse than war itself.” In response the Conference passed a resolution to the effect that if the Governments will furnish the essentials— food, clothing, and transport, needs too vast to be supplied from voluntary effort— the R ed Cross League will at once make plans for relieving the distressed districts, and will appeal through the R e d Cross Societies for doctors, nurses, medical supplies, invalid foodstuffs, and the necessary money. T here are many nursing sisters eagerly awaiting news that their services can be utilised in combating the terrible suffering in the famine and typhusstricken areas, and the time appears to be drawing near when they will be summoned. * * * Dr. N. Corbet Fletcher who conducts our Query Column was invited by six Railway Companies to conduct their final ambulance competitions, he accepted, and actually carried out four, we think that this must constitute a record and we congratulate the doctor on his achieve ment.

— F I R S T

April, 1920.

AI D

—

157

J. A . W Y L I E —

A M B U L A N C E

M akers

C O .,

of —

M E D A L S,

S H IE L D S , C U P S

B A D G E S,

T R O P H IE S .

Original Design. The above Shield was Designed and Manufactured by J, A. W Y LIE & CO. Original Sketches and Quotations sent on application post free.

SE L E C T IO N SENT

OF ON

M EDALS,

Etc., A SSO C IA T IO N S

APPROVAL

POST

W R ITE

FREE.

FOR

SHOULD

SE L E C T IO N S

M EDALS AND

W h o le s a le T e r m s to a ll A m b u l a n c e a n d F i r s t A id A s s o c ia tio n s . L o n d o n

S h o w r o o m s :

6 2 ,

H O L B O R N

T e l e p h o n e — C i t y 840.

Q U O T A T IO N S.

V I A D U C T ,

E . C . I .

- F I R S T

AID. -

April, 1920.

C om pou n d

Queries and Jlnsw ers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— 1 •— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hand corner of the envelope "Q u ery,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 4.6, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 2' — A ll Quertes must be accompanied by a ‘ ‘ Query Coupon” cut prom th* current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue. — T he Textbook, to which ieperer.ce may be made in these columns,

is the Revised (ig jg ) E dition o f S .J .A .A . M anual o f First-A id.

A r tificia l

R e sp ir a tio n .

B. N. (Hampsteud).— W hy does Textbook (p. 135) instruct us with Schafer’s Method to “ place your left hand at side of patient’s right cheek” ? I p r e s u m e t h a t t h i s is d o n e to p r o t e c t p a t i e n t ’s f a c e f r o m p o s s i b l e in j u r y , w h i c h m i g h t r e s u l t w h e n y o u “ pu ll ( p a t i e n t ) sm a rtly o ver.” — N . C o r b e t F l e t c h e r . N a r c o tic P o iso n in g .

B. T. (Cannon-street) asks if Potassium Permanganate is the correct antidote for Narcotic Poisoning due to Sulphonal group of poisons. No. Narcotic poisons (Textbook, p. 152) consist of two groups— derivatives of Opium (e.g., Laudanum, etc.) and of Carbon (e.g., Sulphonal, Veronal, etc.). Potassium Permanga nate is the antidote for the first group because it oxidises the morphine which is the poisonous element o f Opium, whereas it has no effect on the members of the second group which have no special antidote, and for which, after emetic acts, you must keep patient warm (anticipate collapse) and keep patient awake (prevent stupor passing to coma).— N.C F. C a r b o l ic A c id .

P. H. (Camden Town) asks if the Carbolic Acid Disinfectant sold in oil shops is a weak solution of Carbolic Acid as Tincture of Iodine is of Iodine granules. No. The Carbolic Disinfectant is a potent poisonous pre paration of crude Carbolic Acid crystals, and, though weaker than the official Liquid Carbolic Acid, is very far from being a dilute solution like Tincture of Iodine, which is a 2 per cent, solution of Iodine granules.— N.C.F.

C o m p l ic a te d

C l a v ic l e .

H. (Camden Town.— With compound Fracture of Left Femur and simple Fractures of Right Ribs and Clavicle, which is Correct method of treatment— (1) to tie right arm to left as used to be advised for fractures of both clavicles, or (2) to act similarly but to insert a pad in arm pit ? Neither. With Fracture of Collarbone the method laid down in Textbook enables us to support shoulder (which falls forward and inward when its prop— Ihe clavicle— is broken), while, using humerus as lever, we exert pressure on pad as fu l crum ( i.e., as prop) and lever out shoulder into its proper posi tion. The method for Fractures of both collarbones does not require a ytar/because it keeps both shoulders in correct position, not by leverage but by traction o f bandages. With the combination of fractures named, concentrate on the broken femur because of the urgent dangers of aggravation of this fracture ; and then, if you keep your patient recumbent with his upper limb extended and closely applied to his body, the other fractures will almost look after themselves, more especially since, as you rightly suggest, the fractured ribs may escape the attention of a First Aider who would be anxious to get patient quickly to hospital.— N.C.F.

o f

H u m eru s.

T ran po r ts

F r actu r e d

o f

S p in e .

G. L. (Bowes Park).— With Fractured Spine, patient be ing on his face, should we remove as found in prone posi tion or should we, with strictest possible care turn patient on back and transport on shutter in supine position. Mr. Punch’s advice to young men about to marry holds good also for First-Aiders about to transport a Fractured Spine— don't ! If, however, it is impossible to secure the services of a doctor and circumstances compel such action, then remove patient as fou nd and with least possible change in position. If he be on his face, then remove in prone position. Otherwise, and in spite of your elaborately detailed precau tions you will (when you turn him) almost certainly cause further injury to spinal cord while you render subsequent examination of part by doctor much more difficult. In short, you may be guilty of Meddlesome First Aid.— N. C. F. C a r b o l ic

A c id

P o iso n in g .

H. M. (Plymouth). — Although the Manual warns us to give no emetic in Corrosive Acid Poisoning, yet the S.J.A.A. card “ First A id in Poisoning” by Dr. Milnes Hey, advises students to give an emetic in Carbolic Acid Poisoning. Please let me know if such treatment would be accepted in a S.J.A.A. competition. Not if the competition was being conducted on the Manual As a fact, carbolic acid (though a potent nerve poison which quickly produces symptoms of profound collapse) is not “ strongly acid,” and the risks of ulceration and perforation of stomach are not so pressing as with other Corrosive Acids. For this reason, some doctors treat cases of Carbolic Acid like those of Corrosive Sublimate Poisoning, and administer an emetic.— N.C.F. T r eatm en t

F r a c t u r e s o f F e m u r , R ibs a n d

F r a ctu r e

G. C. (Ossett).— With Compound Complicated Fracture of Humerus, the complication being injury to brachial artery, should we be correct in Competition if we applied digital pressure on subclavian artery, followed up with pad in armpit, applied bandage as for controlling bleeding from axillary artery, covered wound with dressing, lightly fastened arm to body, and placed forearm in small armsling ? No. In an actual emeigency you would probably fail to control the arterial bleeding, whereas you would certainly cause further aggravation of fracture, possibly by tearing the brachial vein and nerve with the broken ends of the bone. In short, you would be guilty of Meddlesome First Aid. You would be better advised, therefore, to apply a tourniquet to artery above the fracture and to control fracture as best you could under the circumstances, but without exerting any traction on the lower fragment.— N.C.F.

o f

St r a in e d

M u scles.

A. S. (Swansea) asks why the Textbook recommends heat for treatment of “ Strained and Ruptured Muscles ” (p. 70) and on the same page cold for “ Stretched and Torn Liga ments.” I do not know unless (1) the sentence “ when pain is very severe” implies that cold is likely to fail with Strained Muscles ; or (2) the Committee of Revision in this instance forgot their own General Rule and failed to alter their instructions. Note that cold dressings aie applied to a sprained joint only “ as long as they relieve pain.— N. C. F. Q u a l if ic a t io n s

o f

F ir st -A id e r .

J. L. C. (Tufnell Park) asks with reference to the new qualifica tions of a First Aider (as set out in Manual) if “ dextrous ” does not really mean “ right-handed,” and if a First-Aider should avoid using his left hand. You are right in your suggestion and in your preference for the man who can use both hands and be “ ambi-dextrous.” I grant that the term is antagonistic to another qualification and is not explicit-, but if (i.e., clearly stated) unrolled true to the other new qualifications, you are persevering and also sympathetic, you can “ unrol” the word a little and extend its meaning to “ adroit” or “ skilful.”— N. C. F.

— F I R S T

A pril, 1920

AID. -

159

T h e P re s c rip tio n of A s a F irst-A id D ressing

a M e d ic a l M a n . W

h e n

H a l l ’s

a to n ic W

s c r ib e d —

in e

e s p e c ia lly

b e

excellent.

pW L,

a .w«r- -

p r e

c o n fid e n c e in

c a s e s

A n a e m ia ,

D e b ility ,

r a s th e n ia

a n d

a fte r

lLJng lo d i

It is a non-irritating, non-staining, painless, Iodine preparation. Avail yourself of the remaikable properties of I O D E X i n the first-aid treatmentof many simple conditions which do not ordinarily require medical attention.

in d ic a te d

m a y

w ith

“ IO D E X ”

*ODE*

Cuts, te a r s scratch es, a b r a sions, bruises, sprains, stiff and swollen joints, burns, scalds, chapped hands, c h i l blains, yield readily to t r e a t m ent w ith Iodine when applied in the form of

o f

N e u

e x h a u s tio n

illn e s s .

“ I O D E X ”

During convalescence Hall’s Wine is an invaluable restorative. It is the prescription of a medical man and its wonderful recuperative properties have been recognised by the faculty for over a quarter of a century. Doctors recommend it because they have proved Hall’s Wine to be of lasting benefit and their most valuable ally in rebuild ing worn tissues.

NO S T A I N ----------------------- NO P A IN Obtainable In !/• pots, a t most Chemists or direct from M E N L E Y & J A M E S , L t d . , 3 9 , F a r r i n g d o n R d . , L o n d o n , E . C .I.

T h e fo l l o w i n g is an e x t r a c t from th e l e tt e r of a D ivisonal S u p e rin te n d e n t of th e S t. John A m b u la n c e B rig a d e : — “ Last )ear I treated over 2co cases of injuries, and used I G L O D I N E in each case with the greatest satisfaction. I hare never known one case of blood poisoning to appear after using I G L O D I N E . I have used I G L O D I N E for Influenza and sore throats and derived greatest benefit.”

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SIZ E

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— F I R S T

i6o

T R O P IC A L F I R S T AID, H O M E N U R SIN G & HOME H YG IENE PU B L IC A TIO N S

COLONEL

A pril, 1920.

M A N U A L S O F F I R S T -A I D , & e., By N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R . B .A . , M . B . , B . C . ( C a n t a b ) , M .R .C . S

A ID 8

BLACKHAM ,

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K n ig h t o f G race o f S t. Joh n , M em b er o f the O rd er o f M ercy, K a ise r-i-H in d M ed alist, B arrister-at-L aw ,.

W HY

A sst.-C o m m issio n er S t. John A m b u lan ce B rigad e O verseas.

P rice i s Price a s .

P rice 2 S .

F IR S T

F irst

Aid,

Home

T h ird E d ition .

Price 3 s .

P rice

NOTES

STREET,

& CO., LONDON, Post free

6d. n et.

FIRST

S id n ey

AID H.

H O S P IT A L

O R D E R L IE S .

F IR ST -A ID .

A ID

FEW

W O R D S.

G ot h thousand).

By th e S a m e A u th o r. W ith Colou red D iagram s. 12 pp. F old er. Paper, HOM E

N U R SIN G

TH E

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REYNOLDS

GANNON

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FEW

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TH E

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BANDAGE.

By tb e Sam e A uthor Its A p p lication A ccu ra te ly D escribed b y W ord s and 162 D iagram s. P rice, is. n et; postage, 2d. F IR ST -A ID

T h irteen on R oller. separately, 2d.

SIMPLIFIED.

No.

A N A T O M IC A L

D IA G R A M S. ,

Post free, 3s. 6d. net. 5, 6 and 14 (coloured),

1* .- HUMAN

B O D Y .—S H O W IN G P R E S S U R E PO IN T S.

Lam b.

DALE, REYNOLDS & CO., Ltd., 46, Cannon St., I ONDON, E.C.4.

C o lou red. TH E

W H O LE

P rice,

ART

T 1 B T U N I C and T R O U S E R S (perfect), . (J . , 1 ) # only worn three times, fit man 5 ft. 6in.; 25s. for the two.— J. L., 16, Alphonsus-street, Old Traffbrd, Manchester.

T A T> Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark .tl Grey cloth,‘ to measure, ,£3 195. 6 d. Quotations for other equipment on application. Write for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 16s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

MERCY.

O U N D E D in 1899, the League seeks to promote the objects of the King Edward Hospital Fund by enrolment of Members who endeavour to secure every year 20.subscribers of one shilling upwards (termed Associates). Readers are invited to co-operate with other First-Aiders, and join the Wanderers Branch of which Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B., is President, and to address applications to Corbet Fletcher, Esq., 166, Haverstock-hill, N.W.3.

E ach D iagram

rid. each.

A R T E R IE S

(Approved by the R ed Cross Society). A

j ■

SH O R T

ALLAN JOHN

C O U R SE

BROMAN, BALE, SONS

6d.

B A N D A G IN G .

By THEKLA BOWSER, F .J.I. Introdm ction b v J a m e s C a n t l i e , F .R .C .S . Illu s. P ost free,

2d. C lo th , 4 d.

M A N IK IN .

P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G UP H O SPIT A L G A R M E N T S FOR S IC K

LEAGUE

4d.

C lo th ,

(16th thousand).

Its A p p lica tio n A ccu ra tely D escrib ed b y W ord s and 116 D iagram s. B y H O W A R D M. P R E S T O N , D e m o n stra to r to th e P o ly tech n ic. 116 Illus. P rice, is. net; postage 2d.

7d.

A H an d b o o k in a tabulated and sim plified form givin g the m ain points in first aid, so arranged as to im press them on the m em ory o f the student

2d.

W O R D S.

System s o f B od y accurately indexed. In valu ab le to Students of A n a to m y, M ed icin e, F irst-A id and A llie d Subjects. P rice 2 s . net; postage, 2d.

P rice 3 s .

Supplies prom

IN D EX

TH E

T h ird E d ition .

F I R S T -A I D .

By tb e S am e A uthor, n cluding useful reference tables. 14 pp. F old er. P aper,

P rice i s .

Household Reference C h art.

40.

FOR

P rice i s .

B y J . M. C A R V E L L . M . R . C S . , L . S . A . L o n d . A vade-m ecum for the A m b u lan ce W o rk e r. F .ca p .8 v o . Post free, is.2d.

Household E m e rg e n c y C hart.

DALE,

W HEREFORE

Po s t free, ? d O r d e r l y D u t i e s S i m p l i f i e d a u d T a b u l a t e d , w i t h Aids t o M e m o r y. A m ost com pa ct brochure w h ic h co n ta in s m u c h u se/u l in fo rm a tio n . — P rescrib ed

T h e Indian C a te c h ism of Home Nursing. S econ d E d ition . P rice is. rid. The P r im e r of Tropical H ygiene.

T h ird E d itio n .

AND

H IN T S

Indian Home Nursing.

Sp e cim en E xa m ina tion P ap ers N ursin g and Hygiene.

Price 7 d . , post free, T a b u l a t e d , w l t b Ai ds t o M e m or y. c o m p lex su b je ct a n d sh o u ld be r e a d bv aU N .W . Ry. G a z b tte .

Po st free, is. ad. P r o b l e m s I n S t u d y , T r e a t m e n t a n d E x a m i n a t i o n s o lv e d f o r S e n i o r S t u d e n t s . 1‘ W ith o u t doubt th e book w i l l be o f g r e a t service in th e tr a in in g o f those fo r w h o m i t is d esig n ed ."— B r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

P rice 2 S .

The Indian C atechism of F i r s t Aid.

F ifth E d ition .

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

E F F IC IE N C Y

E igh teen th E d itio n .

Indian A m b u lan ce Train in g.

Thi rd Edition. P r ic e j o d . , post free. D i f f i c u l t i e s In S t u d y a n d T r e a t m e n t s o l v e d by 0 u e s t l o n a n d A n s w e r . “ IVe com m en d th is book to L e c tu r e r s a n d S tu d e n ts w ho w i l l f i n d it o f g r e a t serviee. " — F i r s t A id .

T h e Indian Manual of F irst Aid.

E ig h th E d ition .

F IR S T -A ID .

Second Ed ition . H om e-N ursing Sim plified a nd T h is book w o n d e rfu lly sim p lifie s a s tu d e n ts ."— L . &

C . B ., C .M .G ., C . I . E . , D .S .O ., M .D ., M .R .C .P . E ., D .P .I I .( L o n d .

F ifth E d itio n .

Fifth E dition. Pos t free. 1 0 J . F i r s t - A i d S i m p l i f i e d a n d T a b u l a t e d , w i t h Aids t o M e m o r y . “ C ol. S i r Jam es C a n tlie con tribu tes a n in tro d u ctio n a n d w e endorse h is goo a opinion o f th e book."— L a n c e t .

A ID .

Illu strated .

is 2d

O U T & M A K IN G & W O U N DED.

Post free, I S .

2d.

PH YSIC A L TR A IN IN G . Price i s . 8d. pos t free.

O A N iE L S S O N ,

L td ..

8 3 - 91, G r e a t T it c h fie ld S t r e e t . L o n d o n , W .

.________

POSTAL INSTRUCTION In “ PRESCRIPTION READ IN G” and “ ELEMENTARY D ISPENSING.” 1j

E veryone engaged in F I R S T A ID w ork should take up ab ove Courses at once.

A m em ber 01 S .J .A .B . w r ite s :— “ I feel d eep ly indebted tor the courses o f instruction received , h ave often w anted to take such courses, but could never find w here to g e t su ch .” ( T .B .) Special terms now— h a lf fees— to m em bers o f S .J .A .B ., &c. A p p l y (stamp) to M r . J. E . W a l d e n , Sec., Westminster Co ll ege ( L a d y Dispensers Section o f the Westminster Co ll ege of C h em ist ry and Ph a rm a c y, estd. 1874),

1 1 2 , S t . G e o r g e ’s R oad , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

O R SALE. — Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C. _______________________________________________

QUERY

“ F I R S T A I D ’’ and R E P L IE S C O U P O N .

To be cut out and enclosed with a ll Queries A p r i l ,

192.0.

FIRST AID AND

ST.

THE ----

JOHN AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R MAY,

No. 3 r r.— V ol . X X V I ,

N O T IC E

1920.

GAZETTE.

DALE. PRICE THREEPENCE

[E n tg r o d a t S t a n o m r s ' H a ll.)

[ 3/6 P e r A n n u m , P o s t F r e e

including the Brigade, is bound

READERS.

by the agreement

of September 4th, 1919, between the Order and the

F IR S T A ID is pablished on tbe 2 0 th of each m o nth . The Annual Subscription is 3 s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

British

1919, already circulated (see E .O . 359).

All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied [not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers, D A LE, REYN OLDS & CO.,

Red

Society,

as amplified

the

T h e Joint Council of the Order and the British Red

Cross

Society

will

convey

its

decisions

questions of policy by means of resolutions com m uni cated from time to time to the Chapter-General, from whom the Brigade receives its orders through the C h ie f Commissioner. Apart from the questions of policy the adminis tration of

L t d .,

Cross

resolutions o f the Joint Council of D ecem ber 10th,

Grand

the Brigade remains entirely

Prior

and

Chapter-General

and

under the its

own

46, C a n n o n S t r e e t , L o n d o n , E.C. 4. Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London."

officers.

Telephone No. 5477 Bank.

will have no voice in the appointment, promotion

Therefore, for example, the Joint Council

or dismissal of officers or members o f the Brigade. W e feel sure every member of the Brigade will be

EDITORIAL.

gratified to learn

that a basis for joint work has been

come to over this difficult question, and Since the signing Th e

the

agreement

between the Order of St. John and the

Joint Council British R ed Cross Society at the latter A g reem ent

part of last year, negotiations have been

and the

proceeding to arrive at a workable basis

St.

John

for the Brigade.

if the Joint

Council progress with the schemes which it has on hand, it will give the Brigade an opportunity o f extending its ramifications and of being o f further use to the commuity.

T h e original agree-

T h e future o f the V . A . D . throughout the country is

Ambulance

ment did not meet with the approval of

a matter of considerable anxiety and difficulty, says the

Brigade.

the members of the Brigade, who justly

Western M orning New s.

felt that the position of their organisa

V .A .D . service is experiencing the backward swing of the

tion was in jeopardy of losing its individuality. district

conferences

were

held and

resolutions

Several passed

pendulum.

N ow that peace has come, the

Weariness has in too many instances super-

ceded zeal, and numbers have rapidly fallen off, few d e

opposing the agreement, and submitted to the authorities.

tachments

As a result of this the Brigade was asked to appoint

possessed two years ago.

delegates to discuss the matter with the Council of the

of serious discussion at the annual meeting o f the C o r n

Order.

wall branch o f the R e d Cross at Truro, when the situation

Col. C.

J. Trim ble and Dr. Cotton were so

having

now

even

half

the

effectives

they

T his falling off was the subject

appointed, and after considerable deliberations, we think

was represented as far from promising.

a solution has been found to overcome the contentious

has arisen is no doubt due to the fact that at present no

points in the following resolution, which was discussed

actual work is before the members.

and p a s s e d :—

It is a great pity that the many

T h e whole organ isation o f the O rd e r o f St. J o h n ,

T h e apathy that T h is is very true.

promising schemes for

the future work of the V . A . D . ’s have not yet matured.

162

— FIRST J h e Grand yciorg of the Order of the JCospital of S t. John of Jerusulem in Snglugd. AM BULANCE

Jhe

DEPARTM ENT.

D I S T R I C T ! 3 RDERS.

C o m m is s io n e r :

-------

W. H. W I N N Y , O.B.E.

6th.— No. 13th.— No. 22nd.— No. 27th.— No.

May, 1920.

pleased she and the Superintendent were at the way those left at home had assisted Sergt. Millard and worked together to do their best in air raid and other duties, and to make a division to be proud of to return to. The Summer Outing and “ Welcome H o m e ” to members and their families will be on June 19th.

S t. John Jlmbulattce Srigade.

No. . District

Sunday, „ „ „

AID. —

June, 1920. 59 Division, Carshalton. 63 „ Smith and Son. 64 „ Y.M.C.A. 66 „ Mitcham.

C O M P E TITIO N FOR T H E D E W A R SH IELD S Y M O N S E C C L E S CUP. This competition was held at the Cannon-street Hotel on May 13th. Members of the District will be interested to learn that the Birmingham Corps of the No. 3 District won the Dewar Shield, and the Hampstead Division of the No. 1 District (Prince of Wales’s Corps) was second in the competition, and became the winners of the Symons Eccles Cup. Twelve teams competed from the St. John Ambulance Brigade. The Commissioner, on behalf of members of the No. 1 District, begs to offer his hearty congratulations to the Hamp stead Division and to those who trained them, for the success they achieved. R A I L W A Y V O U C H E R B O O KS. A Brigade Order has been issued separately to Divisions, stating that in future the reduced fare allowed to members of the Brigade, travelling in uniform on Brigade duty, on produc tion of the special voucher, will not be allowed after May 1st, 1920. All Voucher Books should be returned at once to head quarters. Representations, however, are being made on behalf of the Brigade in the hopes that a concession may be granted by the Railway Executive for Brigade members. F O R TH CO M IN G A R R AN G E M EN TS. Attention is drawn to the District Memorandum which has been issued separately outlining proposals for a— March Out on June 5th. Church Parade on June 20th. Annual Inspection on July 3rd. It has not been found possible to arrange to travel part of the route by train on the March Out, owing to the fact that no concession as regards fares can be obtained. (Signed) W. H. W I N N Y , Commissioner. I M P O R T A N T N O T IC E . Divisional Secretaries are requested, when sending news paper cuttings of their meetings, etc., to give the date of publi cation of the newspapers.— E d i t o r . R o y a l K e n s i n g t o n (70 ) D i v i s i o n . — The second Social and Dance was held on April 16th and again proved a success, and although the Hall was crowded everyone appeared to be happy. Refreshments were handed round by the members, who did their best for each other’s welfare. Thanks are due to the Committee, M.C. and artists for such a pleasant gathering of members and friends. During the evening Mrs. R. W. Stone, wife of the Super intendent, who has always taken an interest in the members, on behalf of those who have been absent on active service, presented Sergt. W. Millard with a handsome Smoking Cabinet as a mark of esteem and their appreciation for his efforts in looking after the Division during their absence. Mrs. Stone, in making the presentation and wishing Sergt. Millard many years to enjoy it, spoke as to the work he had done, also how

No. 4 District. B o o t l e . — A very successful whist drive and dance was held on March 20th, in the Technical School, Bootle, in con nection with the Nursing Division. There were 200 guests. The Mayor and Mayoress (Mr. Councillor and Mrs. H. Pennington) presided, and the Mayoress gracefully presented the prizes to the winners. The Mayor in the interval spoke of the good work done by the members of the Nursing Division and testified to the excellent way First Aid had been rendered on all public occa sions, in Bootle, specially mentioning the S.J.A.B. tent in the North Park every year at May-day demonstrations. The Mayor then appealed for public support for the equipment fund— for which the function was held and explained that the equipment was loaned free to the poor in cases of sickness where needed. Colonel Trimble, C.M.G., etc., was unfortunately prevented from attending, as also was Dr. McPherson, Hon. Surgeon of the Division. A vote of thanks to the Mayor and Mayoress for presiding was passed by Mr. Little, and ably seconded by Mrs. A. McNaught, Divisional Lady Superintendent, Mr. H. Greenhouse was an indefatigable M.C., both for the whist drive and dance, working hard for the pleasure of everybody. Very handsome prizes were given by Sir Thomas Royden, Bart., M.P., Mr. W. Hart, Major Burnie, Mr. T. Mansergh, Mrs. F. Wadsworth, and the members of the Bootle Nursing Division. Socially and financially the function was a great success.

No. 5 District. N o t t i n g h a m . — Arrangements are being made in the Nottingham Corps for an Ambulance League open to any ambulance team in the Corps, to commence in the autumn. The winning team will hold the League Shield for 12 months. There will be an entrance fee of 5s. per team, which will be used to purchase a gold medal for each member of the winning team. The Shield has been promised by Acting Assistant Com missioner A. B. Gibson, who has held the position of Corps Superintendent from the time of the formation of the Corps to the date of his new appointment.

No. 8 District. B r i g h t o n . — Lady George Nevill distributed awards to members of the Brighton and Hot e Corps, St. John Ambulance Brigade No. 8 (South-Eastern) District in the Council Chamber at the Brighton Town Hall, on April 17th. The Corps Superintendent, Sir William Gentle, who was accompanied by Lady Gentle, presided. Sir William Gentle said that the Corps was still very helpful in connection with the work of the Red Cross, and Lady George would be pleased to know that the orderlies for her Red Cross ambulance were St. John Ambulance workers, who gave up their leisure time to this work, without fee or reward. There had been no opportunity since the war of showing the public what the nurses could do, but if such an occasion as a serious outbreak of disease should unfortunately arise, not one of them would hesitate to face any danger if by so doing they could help others in distress. Lady George Nevill then presented the awards. Special interest attached to the presentation to Sergeant Alfred Vitler, Corps Secretary, and ex-Sergeant John Stephen Heath, of resolutions of thanks passed to them at a meeting of the Chapter-General on 19th July, 1918, “ for distinguished services rendered in furtherance of the work of the Order in connection with the ambulance department” during the war. The reso lutions were engrossed on vellum and signed by the Duke of Connaught and other officers of the Order.

May, 1920,

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THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE ^ GAZETTE. O fficia l

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G a zette.

A P R IL , 1920. T h e C hief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :—

1 D i s t r i c t ( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ).

No. 26 (Royal Borough of Richmond) Nursing Division. — Nursing Sister Audrey West to be Nursing Officer, 8.3.20. No. 2 D i s t r i c t . District Staff.— Divisional Supt. Francis Carr Bottomley, M.D., M .R.C.S., to be District Officer, 30.4.20. Tyringham Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Edith H. Bull to be Nursing Officer, 12.3.20. Lymington Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister M iss Meriel Alexander to be Nursing Officer, 13.4.20, vice Mrs. Pack trans ferred to the Reserve. Nursing Sister Miss Francis Stead to be Nursing Officer, 14.4.20. vice Miss Badcock, transferred to the Reserve. High Wycombe Division.— Divisional Supt. J. Bailey re signed, 7.5.20, and appointed Honorary Vice-President, 7.5.20. Divisional Surgeon Charles Arthur Parker, F.R.C.S., to be Divisional Supt., 7.5.20, vice Supt. J. Bailey, resigned. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Dudley and District Corps (Tipton Parish D ivision).— Sergt. E li Lakin to Ambulance Officer, 1.5.20. Sergt. Alfred Herbert North to be Ambulance Officer, 2.5.20.

Northampton Corps (Castilian Nursing Division).-- N urs ing Sister Mrs. Ellen Parker to be Nursing Officer, 1.5.20. North Leicestershire Corps, Church Gresley Colliery Division.— Private Albert E. Atkins to be Ambulance Officer, 13 .4.2 0 .

Loughborough Division.— Sergeant Arthur W hyman to be Ambulance Officer 12.4.20, vice Ambulance Officer S. Dominick, resigned, 10.11.19. Birmingham Nursing Corps, Winchester House D iv i sion.— Nursing Officer M iss E lsie Maude Margaret Biggs to be Lady Divisional Superintendent, 10.4.20. Lye Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister M iss Laura M. Evans to be Nursing Officer, 10.4.20, vice Miss Cook, resigned December 1919. Olney Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Miss Gladys Rebe Savory to be Lady Divisional Superintendent 10.4.20, vice Miss Gudgin, resigned. Leicester Corps, Town Division.— I. Reginald Coral M.B.S., to be Honorary President, 12.4.20. Stourbridge Division.— Divisional Surgeon George Russell Jarvie resigned and is placed on the Brigade Reserve, 20.4.20. Birmingham Corps, Deritend Division.— Divisional Super intendent Herbert Prince, resigned, 27.4.20. No. 4 D

is t r ic t .

Manchester and Salford Cotps (Salford Division).— Mendel Albrecht, Esq., to be Honorary President, 14.4.20. Tyldesley D iv isio n — Sergt. Peter Grundy to be First Class Sergt, 7.4.2. Radcliffe Ambulance Division.— Ambulance Officer Gilbert Entwistle to be Divisional Supt., 26.4.20. Sergt. Joseph Melling to be Ambulance Officer, 26.4.20. Nelson Corps.— 1st Class Sergt. Robert W illiam Oldfield to be Ambulance Officer, 9 .3 .2 0 , vice H. Holgate, resigned.

Tottington Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Ellen Turner to be Nursing Officer, 1.4.20, vice Mrs. Demon, resigned 13.1.20. Denton Nursing Division.— William Stewart, M.D.,M.C h., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.4.20. Nursing Sister Hilda Lennie to be Lady Divisional Supt., 19.4.20, vice Mrs. Clayton, resigned. Liverpool Civic Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Mabel Violet Lewis to be Nursing Officer, 7.4.20. Macclesfield Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Miss May Warburton to be Nursing Officer, 10.4.20, vice Miss D. Gard ner, resigned 14.3.20. Manchester and Salford Corps (Hulme Division).— Ambu lance Officer Thomas Edwin Carter to be Divisional Supt., 7.5.20, vice Supt. McKinley, resigned January, 1919. Sergt. Arthur Sanders to be Ambulance Officer, 7.5.20. Accrington Corps. — Corps Supt. Capt. J. Ogden resigned, 1 1.5.20, and is placed on the retired list. N o. 5 D

ist r ic t

Boston Division.— Tom Henry Edward Enderby to be Transport Officer, 6.4.20. Derby Division.— Divisional Supt. E. N. Wood resigned, 14.4.20, Denaby Main Corps (Askern Division).--Duncan Malloch M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 15.4.20, vice Divisional Surgeon F. Sugden, resigned 30.6.20. Barnoldswick Division.— Sergt. John D. Broughton to be 1st Class Sergt., 10.4.20. Burton-on-Trent No. 2 Division.— Charles Thompson, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 19.4.20. Keighley Corps (A Division).— Captain David Hardie, M.C., M.B., Ch.B., M.A., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.4.20, vice Major J. W. Dobie, promoted. Leeds Corps.— 'Divisional Supt. Wilfred Bardsley to be Corps Officer, 16.4.20, vice Corps Officer J. Kaye, resigned 24.9.19, and placed on the Reserve. Ambulance Officer William Marcroft to be Corps Officer, 25.4.20, vice Corps Officer J. W. Bellamy, resigned and placed on the Reserve, 24.9.19. Nottingham Corps (City Division).— John Lancelot Atkin son, M.D., L.R.C .P ., L.R.C.S., L.S.A., to be Divisional Sur geon, 28.4.20, vice Dr. Blurton, resigned. Sheffield Corps (Sheffield Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Miss Gertrude Ashberry to be Nursing Officer, 20.4.20, vice Mrs. M. Waller promoted to Lady Divisional Supt. Nursing Sister Miss Lily Whitworth to be Nursing Officer, 21.4.20, vice Mrs. E. L. Bentley resigned, 26.3.20. Hebden Bridge Corps (Hebden Bridge Nursing Division'. — Madeleine Anne Dowdall, M.B., B.Ch., to be Lady Div sional Supt., 27.4.20, vice Mrs. M. T. Smith resigned. Nottingham Corps (Lenton Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Miss Gertrude Mary Clarke to be Lady Divisional Supt., 20 4 20, vice Miss Harrison deceased. Barnoldswick Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Mrs. Rhoda Bell to be Nursing Officer, 1.4.20. North Staffordshire Railway Corps.— Divisional Supt. Charles Enoch Evans to be Corps Officer, 29.4.20, vice A. J. Tassell deceased. North Staffordshire Railway Corps (Newcastle Division). — 1st Class Sergt. Albert Leigh to be Ambulance Officer, 29.4.20, vice C. E. Evans, promoted to Corps Officer. Bentley Colliery Division.— 1st Class Sergt. Denis J. Pettitt to be Ambulance Officer, 28.4.20. N o. 6 D

ist r ic t

North Tyneside Corps (Percy Main Division),— Ambu*

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May, 19*0.

lance Officer James Appleton to be Divisional Supt., 6.5 20, vice Supt. A. Hall resigned, 5.2.20. Sergt. James Hunter to be Ambulance Officer, 6.5.20, vice R. Robinson resigned, 19.2.20. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (Central Division).— Frederick Hartley to be Divisional Supt., 6.5.20, vice R. Robinson re signed, 19.2.20. Newcastle-on-Tyne Corps (St. Peter’s Works Division).— Ambulance Officer William Scott to be Divisional Supt., 23.4.20, vice Supt. H. Grace promoted, 14.5.19. Hull Corps (Central Nursing Division).— Miss Bertha Hinde to be Lady Divisional Surgeon, 29.4.20, vice Dr. Verdon deceased. Whitby Division.—Pte. Arthur Brown to be Ambulance Officer, 30.4.20. Hull Corps (Peel House Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. G. Zerny resigned, 12.4.20. West Hartlepool Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. N. Strover, A.R.R.C., resigned, 12.4.20. Reckitts Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. Robin son resigned, 12.4.20. Benfieldside Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. L. S. Blake resigned, 12.4.20. Lanchester Nursing D.vision.— Nursing Officer Mrs. A. Anderson (nee Chapman) resigned, 12.4.20. Scarborough Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss M. Ward resigned, 8.4 20, and transferred to the Reserve.

J. H. M. Watts, M.R.C.S.E., L.R.C.P.L., to be Divisional Surgeon, 23.1.20. , J a m e s R. A n d r e w C l a r k (Colonel), Chief Commissioner.

N o . 7 D is t r ic t .

No. 8 D i s t r i c t . Camberley Nursing Division to be re-named “ Camberley and Windlesham Nursing Division.”

Shrewsbury Corps— Corps Secretary A. W. resigned, 7.4.20, and is placed on the Reserve.

Davies

No. 8 D i s t r i c t . Clandon Nursing Division.— The Countess of Onslow to be Lady Divisional Supt., 24.3.20. Miss Ida Clare Tencely, M.D., B.S., to be Lady Divisional Surgeon, 24.3.20. Winchelsea and Rye Section (Hastings Nursing Division). — Nursing Officer Miss E. Deane resigned, 26.4.20. Brighton and Hove Corps (Brighton Police Division).— Sergt. Henry Swannell to be Ambulance Officer, 24.4.20, vice Alfred Vitler appointed Corps Secretary. Faversham Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss M. H. Cook resigned, 4.5.20, and placed on the Reserve. Nursing Officer Mrs. Maud K. F. Neame, M.B.E., to be Lady Divisional Supt., 26420, vice Miss M. H. Cook re signed. Hastings Corps (Winchelsea Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Miss Fanny McDonnell to be Nursing Officer, 4.5.20, vice Nursing Officer Miss E. Deane resigned, 26.4.20. No. 9 D i s t r i c t . Newton Abbott Corps (Teignmouth Division).— Pte G. A. Bilton to be Ambulance Officer, 8.5.20. No. 10 D i s t r i c t . Lowestoft Ambulance Division.— Corpl. F. W. M. Beckett to be Transport Officer, 7.4.20. S outh

E astern

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Redhill Railway Ambulance Division.— Thomas AnsteyChave, M.B., F.R.C.S.E., to be Divisional Surgeon, 26 2.20. Sevenoaks Division.— Arthur Waters to be Ambulance Officer, 12.4.20. Percy A. Mansfield, M.B., B.A., M.R.C.S . L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon. Chatham Division.— The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Darnley to * be Honorary President, 20.4.20. The following have been appointed Honorary Vice-Presi dents :— Gerald F. Hohler, Esq., K.C. W. J. Webb, Esq. W. F. Sanderman, Esq. L. A. Goldie, Esq. E. Hight, Esq. Col. Passby. C. E. Salisbury, Esq. W . E. Neill, Esq. Tonbridge Division.— Harry Gutridge to be Ambulance Officer to be 23.4.20.

N ew

D iv is io n s , & c.

Divisions sanctioned and disbanded :— No. 2 D i s t r i c t . Maidenhead Nursing Divisiou.— Disbanded, 20.4.20. No. 3 D i s t r i c t . Weedon Division.— Disbanded, 29.4.20. No. 4 District. The Cammell Laird Corps becomes the Cammell Laird Division. The Birkenhead Corps sanctioned, 20.4.20, comprising !-The Cammell Laird Ambulance and Nursing Divisions. Birkenhead Borough Division. Birkenhead Nursing Division. Birkenhead Memorial Division, No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Leeds Corps (Leeds City Division).— Sanctioned 3.5.20. Oxenhope Ambulance Division.— Sanctioned 15.4.20. Long Preston Nursing Division.— Disbanded 14420.

South

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Orpington Ambulance Division.— Sanctioned 29420. Hastings Division.— Sanctioned 6.5.20.

T h e Q r a n d P r io r y of t h e

O rder of th e

H o sp ita l of S t . John o f J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery o f the Order, St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell, London, E . C . , M ay 1st, jg20 . The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— A s K n ig h t o f Justice (from K nig h t o f Grace) : The Earl of Scarbrough, K.C.B. A s K n ig h t o f Grace : Hanbury Davies (from Honorary Associate). A s Ladies o f Grace : Jessie Cooper, Lady Rhodes. Ella, Miss Pease. A s Honorary Serving Brothers : William Trott. John Whyllie Shanks. Francis William Thompson. Peter Alexander Lindsay, M.B., M.S Frank Dearie. Albert Winslade. Daniel James Cooper. A s Honorary Serving S isters: Ellen, Miss Hopkins. Fanny Eleanor, Miss Ward. B o r Enrolm ent as Honorary Associates: Lieut.-Colonel Gilbert Alexander Bannatyne, O.B.E., M.D., **»SF.R.C.P.(Ed.). sg-uma Henry William Oulton, M.D., F.R.C.S.I. Louisa Mary, Mrs. Shanks. Kate Ella, Mrs. O’Sullivan. Annie, Miss Martin.

M a y , 1920.

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General L etter of t h e J o in t V .A .D . C o m m ittee to C o u n ty D irectors. April 27th, 1920. D e a r S ir ,— I send

you the following for your inform ation:—

I am requested to send you the following, which we have received from the Railway Clearing House :— T h e reduced fare facilities which are now being granted to certain descriptions of passengers when travelling by railway have recently been reviewed, and careful consideration has been given to the question in all its aspects. A s a result I have been requested to advise you that, on and from 1st May next, the reduced fares at present allowed to members of the British R e d Cross Society will be withdrawn. Will you please note. W e have taken the matter up, and are endeavouring to get the ruling reversed, but in the meantime as conces sion warrants are being refused in some places, it seemed wisest to communicate to you at once. -The War Office have taken exception to the formation of Officers’ Reserves pending their decision as to the future of the V .A .D . organisation. It would be wise therefore if C oun ty Directors would do nothing further in the matter at the moment. It is also suggested that members holding V . A . D . officers’ rank, though not officers of detachments, should be allowed to retain it pending some arrangement. C ounty Directors who have raised various questions on the subject will perhaps forgive me not answering their ques tions under these circumstances. Yours faithfully, C h ils t o n ,

C hief County D irector

V . A . D ’s S u m m a r y of W o r k for April. A s will be seen from the statistics given below by the various departments concerned, the V .A .D . headquarters does not, at present, show much signs of slackening in its work. T h e number of nursing members appointed to Naval, Military and Pensions hospitals is 72. W e have received 115 requisitions for the services o f our members. W e are receiving large demands from the Ministry of Pensions hospitals, and members are much needed for this service. 344 Members have applied for free passages to the Dominions since the inception of the Overseas Settlement Scheme. T h e General Service Department continues to be very busy, and lately has had a great rush of work owing to the termination of the present contracts on April 20th. Seventy members are being posted to the Arm y of the R hin e— these are of the technical categories, dispenser, clerks, etc. T w elve dental mechanics have been asked for, and although such members have never yet been posted anywhere, twelve ladies have been found who are willing to come forward and undertake the work— they have been fully trained and have qualified as dental mechanics. A

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

great many members are being demobilised from France, but a considerable number will still be required for the next few months. A considerable number of requisitions have been re ceived in the English section, which are very hard to fulfil owing to the fact that so many members have been dem o bilised in the last three months. Requisitions have come in at the eleventh hour, and in a great many cases it is feared that the hospitals will have to wait for their members unless demobilised members who have recently been dis charged from the service are willing to come forward again. T h e terms and conditions as regards pay are precisely the same as those at present in force. Detailed conditions as regards the new contract may be found in A .C .I .2 3 9 o f 1920. T h e new Convalescent H o m e (Seech Grove) at Sunninghill has been kept busy during March and April, being full all the time. Twenty-two patients have been received and twenty-one discharged. T h e Welfare Department is showing the sound prin ciple on which it is carried on by the development of an industry which gives a good return in health as well as in money. T h e toy-making industry has been a great success, and most attractive rush baskets are also now being made. A selection of baskets and toys are generally to be seen at 19, Berkeley-street, on application to the Welfare Department, and orders can be taken. Baskets can be made to order, of any shape or size, and being of rush are very light and inexpensive. T h e garden and grounds at Beech Grove are very lovely, and it is hoped that many members will be able to enjoy them during the summer months. T h e report of the Scholarship Department shows dis tinctly satisfactory results from the training given. A Scholarship for help towards her general training has been awarded to Miss Miss Edith Haigh-Wright, East Lancs., who is already in residence at K i n g ’s College Hospital. T h e terminal reports from many training schools have been received, and in most cases have been exceedingly satisfactory, and show that a high level of work has been maintained. T h e majority of the members (school matrons, institu tional cooks, etc.) who have completed their training this term have already obtained good posts, appointments having been obtained at Roedean and other schools. W e should like to add that from the majority of these members letters have been received by the Scholarship Committee, expressing their gratitude, and saying how much they have enjoyed their training. V .A .D . Nursing M em ber L u c y Marian T hurlb y died September 10th, 1919, from illness contracted on military service. Miss Marjory E. M. Edwards, Oxford, died January 4th, 19x8, after three and a-half years’ service in England and France. Mrs. Em m a Dodd, Cambs. Reserve, died from an accident at the R o yal Hospital, Plymouth. Mrs. Maud Parish, nee Simpton, died September. 1918, from pneumonia contracted on duty. Miss Herm ione Agneta Lediard Cumberland died November, 1918. Miss Dorothy Charlotte Edith Wingfield D igb y Dorset 88, died in 1917. Mrs. Constance Hatherway, London 154. Miss A d a A nnie H ood, Woolstanton N .D . Nursing Member, died N ovem ber 3rd, 1918.

— F I R S T

i6 6

CONTENTS

THIS

The Joint Council Agreement and the St. John Ambulance Brigade ... ... ... 161 R epo rts—

No. 1 ; No. 4 ; No. 5 ; No. 8 T h e

St . Jo h n A m bu lan ce

...

... 162

G a ze t te —

Official Brigade Gazette... ... ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital St. John of Jerusalem in England ... V.A.D. Summary for March ... ... General Letter of the Joint V.A.D. Committee County Directors ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... The Railway and Brigade Competitions ...

... of ... ... to ... ... ...

163 164 165 165 166 167

R e v ie w s—

Indian Manual of First Aid ... Pocket Guides to First Aid Treatment P r a c t ic a l

Q u e r ie s

... ...

... 174 ... 174

...

... 174

P o in ts—

Masking of Signs of Fracture a n d

A n sw ers

t o

...

C o r r espo n d e n ts—

Treatment of Iodine Poisoning ... ... Treatment of Alcoholism ... ... Home Office Orders for Ambulance Equipment

... 1-74 ... 174 ... 174

B r e v itie s . Owing to the death of Adelaine Duchess of Bedford a vacancy has occurred on the Joint Council of the Red Cross. T h e late Duchess was one of the members repre senting the Order of St. John on the Council. T o make the Council thoroughly representative we should suggest that a representative of the executive of the Brigade, such as a Commissioner, be appointed to fill this vacancy. Such an appointment would give a great deal o f satis faction.

* * * “ I f the Nottingham Corporation will give sanction, I am prepared to raise funds so as to equip each tramcar with a first-aid box,” was the offer of Mr. T . R. Scott (Divisional Supt. of the Nottingham Central Division), when speaking at the 16th annual concert of the Corps, held on April 15th. we have no doubt

Such a praiseworthy offer as this the Nottingham Corporation will

accept.

* * * Her Royal Highness the Crown Princess of Sweden,

a L ad y of Justice of the Order and daughter of the Grand Prior, died on M ay xst. Her philanthropic work and the warm interest she took in furthering the objects of the Order were deeply appreciated by all those who knew her. She did far more for British prisoners of war than was every publicly known, and her lovable personality is

a great

loss to

M ay, 1920.

of the Royal Family, also a public Memorial Service in

NUMBER.

E d it o r ia l —

D istr ic t

AID. —

both Great Britain and

Sweden.

* * * T h e funeral took place at Stockholm on Ascension

Day, M ay 13th. A private Memorial Service was held at the Chapel Royal, St. James’s, and attended by members

Westminster Abbey, at which the Order was represented by the Secretary-General (the Rt. Hon. Evelyn Cecil) and the British R e d Cross Society by "the Hon. Sir Arthur Stanley.

* * * T h e V .A .D . C lu b will be open on June 7th. T h e club premises are at 28, Cavendish-square, W., and there have been over 2,500 applicants for membership of the club. T h e club is to be run on the same lines as a firstclass social. T h e entrance fee is one guinea, and the annual subscription two guinea for London members and one guinea for country members. T h e Secretary, Miss Ellen Evelyn Collins, 19, Berkeley-street, W., will give all further information that is required. * * * T h e K in g has now approved the design of the Victory Medal, by the grant of which his Majesty has been graciously pleased to recognise the services rendered by the Military Forces in the Western European, Balkan, Russian, Egyptian, African, Asiatic and Australasian theatres of war. T h e medal will be in bronze, and. will be identical in its main design with the medals to be issued by the other Allied and Associated Powers. * * * Provided the claims are approved by the competent military authorities, the medal will be granted to all officers, warrant officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the British Dominion, Colonial, and Indian Forces, mem bers of women’s formations who have been enrolled under a direct contract for service with H is M ajesty’s Imperial Forces, civilian medical practitioners, nursing sisters, and others employed with military hospitals who served on the establishment of a unit in a theatre of war within defined periods between August, 1914, and January, 1919. *** T h e Finnish Consul-General in London announces that parcels of goods sent under the name of foreign Red Cross Societies, or for their account, to be distributed to refugees who have arrived in Finland from Russia, or to be forwarded to Russia as help to foreign or Finnish sub jects residing there, can enter Finland duty free. All kinds of wearing apparel and provisions can also be sent duty free to the military of foreign Powers in Finland, if such parcels are addressed to them and provided with official seals. T ob ac c o and spirits are not considered as '■pro visions ’’ under these regulations. V T h e Bath Nursing Division of the St. John Ambulance Brigade won the silver challenge bowl and first prize in the ambulance team at the Eisteddfod at Pontypool on Easter Tuesday. T h e team consisted of Nursing Sisters Mrs. Chappell (leader), Misses Read, Chart and C. Tracey. Miss C. Tracey also won the prize for ambulance essay. * * * T h e members of the Cam mell Laird Division, who were winners in their sectional competition, were presented with their medals this month. A full report will appear in

our next issue.

— F I R S T

May, 1920.

THE

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AND

B R IG A D E

C O M PE T IT IO N S. A f t e r a lapse of f i v e years these two important competi tions were resumed at the Cannon-street Hotel on the 13th May. It was not anticipated that such a large number o f visitors would attend the competitions, consequently the limited accommodation at Cannon-street made the place uncomfortably crowded. Previous to the Final Railway Competition the pre liminary was held on the 22nd and 23rd April to decide the nine teams to contest in the Final, and as will be seen by the results shown below there was a keen competition, the last series of teams all showing close marking, the general standard of work was quite good. In this com petition the Judges w er e:— T. Halliwell, M .R .C .S ., L.R.C.P.- (Stretcher Test). F, J. Burman, M . R . C S . , L .R .C .P .(E d .) (Individual).

T h e results were declared as follows :— Marks.

1.— Great Central Railway 2.— London & North Western Railway... 3.— Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway ... 4.— South Eastern and Chatham Railway 5.— Great Northern Railway 6.— North Eastern Railway 7.— London & North-Western & Furness Joint 8.— Cheshire Lines Committee \ 9.— Alexandra Docks and Railway J 10.— London & South-Western Railway... i t . — Great Eastern Railway r 2 — Great Western Railway 13.— Lancashire & Yorkshire & London & North-Western Joint ... 14.— London & North-Western & Great Wes tern Joint Railway 1 5.— London Brighton & South Coast Railway... 16.— Midland & Great Northern Joint Railway... 1 7 .— North London Railway 18.— North Stafford Railway 19.— Great Central & London & North-Western .......................................................... Joint 20.— Furness Railway 2 1 .— Metropolitan Railway 22.— Cambrian Railway ... 23.— Hull & Barnsley Railway ... P r e lim in a r y

R a ilw a y T eam

M a r k in g

323 265 257 254

249^ 249 247 243

242 241 233

219 209 207£ 205 187 184 179

x35

S h ee t.

W o r k .

Card 1.— You four men are walking in the country and on passing an open gateway leading into a field you hear groaning. You see a farm-hand trying to lift the driver of a cart who is on the ground. The cart is three parts loaded with turnips. You have five bandages with you. N.B.— Patient on back. No coat. Immediate and emphatic caution to farm-hand not to move patient. ... ... ... 4 Ditto, to patient Prompt approach Prompt covering of patient Obtaining history of accident from farm-hand Card 2.— Farm-hand says patient was unloading turnips when the horse suddenly backed and knocked him down. He i s not sure of the exact nature of the accident. Patient is throwing his arms about and groaning. Observing marks on' clothing ... ... • ... 4 Judge— He is very dazed. Manner of speaking to patient ... ... ... 3

A ID

—

Examination for external htemorrhage Judge— None. Examination for internal haemorrhage Giddiness and faintness “ He feels faint.” Features Judge— Pale. Skin Judge— Cold but not clammy. Pulse (including method of feeling) Judge — Practically normal. Breathing Judge— Normal Air Hunger Judge— No air hunger. Examination for fractures of lower limbs Judge— No fractures. Can he feel pain in his legs ? Judge— Yes. Can he move his legs ? Judge— Yes. ... Any difficulty in moving legs ? Judge— Yes. Any pain ? Judge— Yes. Has he passed urine ? Judge— Yes. Was any blood with it Judge— No. Enquiry as to home ... Judge— His cottage is 200 yards away Tactful and useful message home Enquiry as to hospital Judge— A quarter-mile away. Sending to hospital for stretcher and more bandages Broad bandage round pelvis Position of legs Position of head Question as to whether head and legs being raised gives any relief Judge— Head raised, legs straight Secure in most comfortable position Watchful care against collapse Card 3. — Patient says he wishes to go home and won t to the hospital. Tact in dealing with request ... ... ... Preparation of stretcher ... ... ... Loading ... ... ... ... ... Carrying ... ... ... ... Care of patient en route ... ... ... Changing bearers ... ... ... ... On arrival at hospital not to unload until ^ordered by doctor ... ... ... ... Extra marks ... ... ... Deductions : — Examination of upper limbs for fractures ... ... For taking patient home instead of to hospital ... For improvised stretcher ... ... ... In d iv id u a l

4 4

10 6

go 4 5 20 5 6 5 4 10

4 10

T ests.

1 .—The patient goes to a so-called dentist to have a tooth drawn. He pulls the tooth out and breaks his lower jaw. There is much bleeding from the tooth socket. The extractor loses his head, and calls on you for help. Support iaw ... ... ... ... 3 Cold water ... ... ... ... 3 Ascertain whether bleeding stops... ... ... 1 Judge— No. Open mouth and plug socket with lint or cotton wool ... 4 Make patient bite on hard substance over cotton wool in socket... ... ... ... ... 4 Ascertain if bleeding stops ... ... ... 1 Judge— Yes. Bandage for lower jaw ... . . ... 6 Treating shock ... ... ... ... 4 Medical help ... ... ... ... 2 Extra marks ... ... ... 6

i68

— FIRST

2.— You are walking in a lane when you see a man on the ground insensible. A cottage is near. Enquiry as to breathing ... ... ... 4 J udge— Stertorous. Smell of breath ... ... ... ... 2 Judge— Like poppy heads. Can he be roused ... ... ... 2 Judge— Yes. Pulse ... ... ... ... ... 2 Judge— Full. Eyes ... ... ... ... ... 4 Judge— Pupils contracted. Examination for injury ... ... ... 6 Judge— None. Can he swallow ... ... ... ... 2 Judge— Yes. Emetic ... ... ... ... ... Repeat emetic ... ... ... ••• 2 Preserve vomit ... ... ... ... 2 Keep awake ... ... ... 4 Treat shock ... ... ... ... 4 Look for bottle ... ... ... ••• 2 Medical help ... ... ... ... 4 Judge— What would you give beside an emetic ? 10 grains permanganate of potash in a pint of water ... 4 or 3 tablespoonsful of Condy’s fluid in a pint of water ..., 4 Repeat dose in half an hour ... ... ... 2 Extra marks ... ... ... 4 3 & 5.— A child was on a scooter, coasting down a hill. On coming to a cross road he ran into a motor bicycle. You are close to the child and see the motor cycle lying by his bicycle 50 yards away. Proper division of work Child. Ascertaining if conscious J udge— U nconscious Ascertain if breathing Judge— Yes Examination for haemorrhage Judge— None Examination for fractures Judge— None. Examination of features Judge— Pale. Examination for marks on clothing ... ... 2 Judge— Dusty all over. Loosening tight clothing ... ... ... 3 Position ... ... ... ••• b Fanning, etc. ... ... ... 3 Judge— Patient recovers consciousness. Ascertaining address ... ... ... ... 1 Taking home (including method)... ... ... 4 Caution to rest ... ... ... ... b Medical help ... ... ... 2 Extra marks ... ... ... 3 Motor-Cyclist. Caution not to move ... ... ... ... 2 Ascertaining if conscious ... ... ... 2 Judge— Yes. Examination for haemorrhage ... ... ... 3 Judge— Much blood coming through trousers at right thigh. Ascertaining whether venous or arterial ... ... 3 Value of means used to stop bleeding ... ... 10 Examination for fractures ... ... ... 3 Judge— None. Dressing wound ... ... ... ... 4 Looking for foreign bodies ... ... ... 2 Judge— None. Treatment of shock ... ... ... ... 4 Sending for ambulance ... ... ... 3 Extra marks ... ... ... 3 4.— Describe the ordinary pattern Furley stretcher (model 1899). Judge— What are the component parts ? Pole ... ... ••• 1 Handles ... ... ... ••• ••• 1 Jointed traverses ... ... ••• ... 1

AID.—

May, 1920.

Runners ... Bed Pillow sack Slings Judge— What are the dimensions? Length 7 ft. 9 in. Width 1 ft. 10 in. Length of bed 6 ft. Length of handles lo&in. Height s i in. Judge— What is the weight ! 21 to 22 lbs. It is a canvas overlay at the head of the stretcher, which can be filled with straw, hay, clothing, etc., to form a pillow It opens outwards so that its contents can be readily adjusted Judge— Describe the traverses. They are jointed for opening and closing the stretcher ... Judge— Describe the stretcher when closed. Poles lie close together Traverses bend inwards Bed is folded on top of poles Slings are laid along the canvas ... Secured by straps on each sling ... Straps passed through the sling loops Round poles and bed... Extra marks

Dr. T . Halliwell has favoured us with his comments on the Preliminary Railway Competition which are given below. First of all I should like to place on record my high appreciation of the men who composed the teams. T h e y all tried their best, and showed evidence of much study on their part, and nothing but praise can be given to' them for giving so much of their leisure time in the cause of Ambulance work. Another thing is that I had not one case of grumbling, of course I had plenty of excuses, these being Railway men I expected it, or they would not be Railway men. But where a man does not ask about Haemorrhage what is the good of them saying “ Well, I meant to do so ? ” Now to the Test. First, where most teams went wrong, and most would have come to the injury at once— if they had not covered the patient up at once. In a case like this they ought to have taken a look at the man as quickly as possible and they would then have seen the mark on the clothing. Many asked me if there were any marks. W hat is the good of that? H a ve n ’t they got their own eyes. There, again, though face was pale, owing to the pain, and all other answers as to pulse. Respiration did not point to the patient feeling faint every team treated the man as if he had fainted. Another item where marks were lost was that the team centred itself on treating the fractured pelvis. No. 4 did the work, while he was being worshipped by the other 3 members of the team. V ery few looked after the patient who was dazed, and some did nothing to bring him round. Even a patient who had any fracture of the upper limbs would not be throwing his arms about for fun, and it was unnecessary to examine for fractures minutely. T h e injury was a very serious one, and it would not be wise to take him to his home. Far better to be treated at a hospital, especially when the hospital is only 240 yards further away. A fte r enquiry every team was told this, and many decided to take him Home. Only one team sent to the hospital for stretcher and bandages. Here a written message was necessary as the “ Farm H an d ” did not know what was wanted, one of the team on arriving, though he was instructed to ask for stretcher and bandages, only asked for a stretcher. Again on going to the cottage they asked the man’s

— FIRST

May, 1930

wife for a stretcher— now would that be likely to be kept there. T h en on asking for poles, &c. T h e y were given two poles and two boards (if they asked for them), and blankets, and most of the teams improvised a stretcher with the two boards. Now, unless we had a man carrying the boards at the head and another at the fe e t and the one at each side, and this is bad— these boards would “ sag ” in the middle and squeeze the man and his pelvis. One board ought to have been used to strengthen the stretcher and that well padded, also padded between poles and board. T here were plenty of blankets (if they had been asked for). I don’t think there is anything further to say about this, except again to thank the men for the spirit they showed in the working of a difficult case. A s for the description of the stretcher itself, of course that was only put in as a simple question for the Captain of the team, and it was astonishing how many went down on that. T h e measurements varied from 5 ft. to 9 ft, and width from 3 ft. 10 in. to 1 foot. But the weight, some gave it as 6 lbs., I wish we could get a good one at that weight, and others up to 36 lbs. But it was just one of those questions which points out that a thing that is used every day is the most difficult to describe. T h e description of a stretcher closed “ found ” nearly every one. R A IL W A Y C O M P ETITIO N

(1920)

F IN A L .

T h e first nine teams in the Preliminary commenced the work in the Final at 9.45 a.m., the S. E. & C. Ry. leading off, [practically all the teams were new to final contest and one was naturally expectant to see how they would shape. After the preliminary attack of “ nerves ” they settled down to work, and some excellent first aid was witnessed, although it did not come up to anything like the pre-war standard. T h e majority of the teams, especially the S.E. & C. Ry., did an excellent stretcher test, but the stumbling block was in Part B, question to Nos. 2 and 3, where all with the ex ception of two teams— the Alexandra D o c k being one of the exceptions— failed to remove the patient from the railway lines, this is where the competition was won and lost. T h e Alexandra D ocks team, who were declared the winners, was composed— with the exception o f one man— of men who had been in the final contest before, and curiously enough three brothers were in the team, their names were C. Marshall, J. Marshall, T . Marshall, D. G. Phillips and W. R. Main. T h e Judges were R. B. Duncan,, M .D . (Stretcher) and I. G. Modlin, O .B .E ., M .D . (Individual). T h e final results were declared as follows : 1.— 2.— 3.— 4.— 5.— 6.— 7.— 8.— 9.—

Alexandra Dobks and Railway ... ... South-Eastern and Chatham Railway ... London and North-Western Railway ... Great Central Railway ... ... ... North-Eastern Railway ... ... .. London & North-Western & Furness Joint Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway ... Cheshire Lines C om m ittee............................... Great Northern Railway ............................... F in a l

R a ilw a y T eam

M a r k in g

268 228 222 199 184 175 136 104 98

S h e e t.

W o r k .

You are at a country railway station and see a block of stone which is being lifted from a truck with a crane fall on the back of a man who is working in a stooping position. The man falls forward clear of the stone, strikes his forehead, and

169

AIDl—

lies face downwards with arms extended. He lives i-mile away. Act as you should. Ascertaining whether the patient is conscious Judge— Patient is unconscious. Covering patient ... ... ••• 5 Is he breathing ? ... ... 2 Judge— Breathing very shallow. Examination of pulse... ... ••• 2 Judge— Pulse rapid and shallow (130). Assuming broken back ... ... ••• 10 Examination of head thoroughly... ... 5 Judge— There is a contused wound of the right side of forehead ; pupils are equal, features pale, no bleeding from eyes, ears or mouth. Examination of upper limbs ... ... 5 Judge— No injury to upper limbs. Examination of lower limbs ... ... ••• 5 Judge— No injury to lower limbs. Turning patient on back withextreme care ... 10 Turning head on one side ... ... 2 Loosening tight clothing ... ... 3 Treatment of head injury (bandage and cold water dress ing) ... ... ... ... ••• 5 Inquiry as to hospital... ... ... ••• 5 Judge— No hospital available. Message to patient’s home. Inquiry as to doctor ... ... ... 2 Judge— He lives two miles away. Message to doctor ... ... ... 3 Bringing up and preparing stretcher ... 1° Lifting on to stretcher ... ... ••• i° No pillow ... ... ... ... 5 Lifting and carrying ... ... ... 5 Inquiry as to compression twice (5 marks for each) ... 10 Judge— No signs of compression. Change bearers once ... ... ... ••• 5 Judge— You have arrived at your destination. Leave patient on stretcher pending arrival of doctor . . 5 Preparing bed ... ... ... i° Extra marks ... ... ■■ 1 2 In d ivid u a l

T ests.

1.— You discover that you have burst a varicose vein on the inner side of the right calf. The only man near you is quite unskilled in first aid. Act as you should. Assuming suitable position ... ... ... 3 Exposing wound ... ... ... ... 3 Pressure on bleeding point ... ... ... 3 Instructing assistant to improvise and apply bandages upon, above and below the wound ... ... 10 Ascertaining whether bleeding has stopped ... ... 2 Judge—Yes. Instructions as to supporting limb ... ... 3 Instructions as to covering ... ... ... 2 Instructions as to treating possible collapse ... ... 5 Message to doctor without undue absence ... ... 5 Extra marks ... ... ■ ■ ■ 4 N.B.— If patient tries to walk home the Judge will say “ You feel too weak to walk.” 2 & 3.— You are hurrying with a friend over a level cross ing. Your friends slips, endeavours to save himself, and then falls between the rails. He complains of great pain in the left knee and is unable to rise. An approaching express train is half-a-mile away. Act as you may. Patient on right side. Immediate removal of patient by appropriate method ... 15 Thorough examination for injuries ... ... 5 Judge--H e has fractured his left knee-cap (simple). Attention to injury ... ... ... ... 10 Attention to general welfare ... ... ... 5 Transport ... ... ... ... ... 10 Extra marks ... ... ... 5 4.— Card 1.— You see the two patients fall from the wall and on approaching them find that blood is spurting from the right wrist of one of them (Patient A). No prepared apparatus is available. Prompt caution to both not to attempt movement ... 2

170

— FIRST

N o t e . — On the competitor beginning to examine Patient A, the Judge will hand him Card 2.— There is a compound complicated fracture of the right.radius near the wrist with severe arterial bleeding. Digital pressure on brachial artery ... ... 2 Improvising tourniquet ... ... ... 4 Applying tourniquet ... ... ... ... 2 Seeing if bleeding has stopped ... ... ... 2 Judge— Yes. Temporary support of the fracture ... ... 5 Proceeding to Patient B ... ... ... 5 Card 3.— There is much swelling in the region of the left ankle, and a sprained ankle is to be assumed. Note.— From this point the judge will not mark for the order of treatment on preconceived lines but will be guided by the general merit of the competitor’s work. Patient B. Improvised bandage ... Applying bandage Attempting to obtain water Patient A (continued)— Protecting wound Securing limb to trunk Taking steps to obtain medical help Judge— No medical help available for two hours. Ascertaining the address of patients Judge— Both live together about quarter-mile away. Ascertain means of transport Judge— No proper transport available. Enquiries whether patients can walk Judge— Both would like to try. Supporting both patients to their home Treatment for shock of both patients On arrival at home judge will say that contest is completed. Extra marks 5 5.— Show how the history, signs and symptoms serve to enable a simple fracture of the humerus two inchs above the elbow to be distinguished from a dislocated elbow. J udge—First explain what is meant by history, signs and symptoms. History obtainable from patient or witnesses ... 1 Means circumstances attending the accident or sudden illnesss (with examples) Signs can be noted by direct use of the senses Mean differences from the normal condition of the patient (with examples) ... Symptoms are sensations of the patient (with examples) If the patient is quite unconscious he can give no history or symptoms If partially unconscious information is apt to be confused and therefore misleading Judge— Now give the relative values of history, signs and symptom. History more or less trustworthy Symptoms more or less trustworthy Symptoms taken alone not of much value ... More valuable in conjunction with history ... Signs being definite when added to history and symptoms are very valuable Judge— Now show how history will help you. Fracture. Caused by direct or indirect violence or muscular action Patient may have felt bone snap ... Patient or bystanders may have heard bone snap Dislocation. Cause not defined Judge— now take the signs and symptoms. Marks on clothing or torn clothing may help Fracture. Pain (character not defined) Swelling at seat of injury Deformity above elbow Irregularity of the humerus Shortening... Unnatural mobility in shaft of bone may be noticed in spite of all care ... Crepitus may be accidentally felt or even heard

AID. -

M a y , 1920.

Some of above signs would be absent in a greenstick fracture Dislocation. Pain of a severe sickening character at or near the joint Numbness below elbow Swelling about the joint Fixity of the joint Deformity at elbow ... Avoiding mentioning points of similarity Extra marks

0 2 2

Comments on the Stretcher Test by Dr. R. B. Duncan :— Part A (Team Work).— T h e central idea of this test is that the accident is of such a nature as to make a fracture of the spine extremely probable, and the patient being insensible is not able to disclose symptons which would exclude this in:ury. It is, therefore, useless to attempt to exclude it, and it must be assumed. Internal haemorrhage is readily excluded by observa tion of pulse and breathing, and injuries of the limbs by examination. T h e patient, being unconscious, must be turned on his back, otherwise breathing might fail. T h e majority of the teams turned the patient on his back, carefully watching breathing, &c. T o o much time was spent in making up their minds as to method of r e m o v a l; the planks were intended to be put on the stretcher, so as to stiffen it, wherein a number game to grief. Part B (No. 1).— This affords a simple example of resourcefulness on the part of an injured man in instruct ing an unskilled person to help him. This test was well done by the majority and calls for little comment. Comments on the Individual Tests by Dr. Modlin :— Part B (Nos. 2 & 3).— T h e main point is that the patient must be moved immediately, and this the majority o f the teams failed to realise, and treated the injury before moving him from the lines, with the result they committed suicide so far as this test was concerned. (No. 4).— Clearly the patient with arterial bleeding must be attended to first, no matter what injury the other patient has sustained. N o time must, however, be wasted after the bleeding is controlled, in examining the second patient. T h e remainder of the test is pure first aid with improvised appliances. Many of the men finished with No. 1 patient before paying any attention to No. 2. T h e use of commonsense in order of procedure, and in selecting the best materials for improvising, was the basis of the test. (No. 5).— This is a very comprehensive question, and the competitors were assisted by having it verbally divided under several headings. T h e analysis should prove a very useful guide in making an adequate diagnosis for first aid purposes of any particular case. BR IG A D E

C O M PETITIO N

(1920) F I N A L .

T h e Brigade Preliminary Competitions were held in the various Districts and, from the reports which reached us, some keen competitions were witnessed. T h e test for the Final was straightforward and all the teams did well. Unfortunately, the markings were not given when the final results were announced, we are, there fore, unable to say if there was a very great deal of difference between the highest and lowest, but judging from the work in the Stretcher Test, we should say that there was not a great number of marks between them.

May, 1920.

— FIRST

T h e Judges were Lieut.-Colonel F. A. Brooks, M .D ., No. 1 District (Stretcher); Major J. L. M cLannahan, L R . C . P . & S., No. 2 District, and Captain J. A. Heaton White, F .R .C .S .( E d ), No. 3 District (Individual). T h e results were declared as fol'ows :— 1.— No. 3 District, Birmingham Corps. 2.— No. r District, Hampstead Division. 3-— Welsh District, Abertillery Division, Newport (Mon.) Corps. 4-— No. 12 District, Dublin. 5-— No. 5 District, Brodsworth Main Division. 6.— No. 9 District, Dolcoath Division. 7.— S. E & C. Ry. District, S. E. & C. Ry. Division. 8.— Welsh District, Newport Division. 9-— No. 4 District, How ich Division. 10.— No. 6 District, St. Peter’s Works Division. 1 1 .— No. 7 District, Oswestry Division. 12.— No. 2 District, Fareham Division. F in a l

B rig a d e T eam

M a r k in g

Sheet.

W ork.

Card 1.— You are to assume that you and your squad are walking along a country road on your return from an Ambu lance Competition. The locality is well-known to you and your companions. Weather showery— fine at present. The nearest dwelling of any kind is a Cottage Hospital half-a-mile away. You are to suppose that you and your team observe a man sitting by the roadside in the direction towards which you are travelling, at a distance of about twenty yards ; suddenly the man shouts, jumps up and then falls, having slipped in the roadside mud ; he gets up again and shouts to you for help. When you reach him he tells you that a snake has bitten the forefinger of his right hand ; that in his excitement he slipped, fell backwards on his dinner basin and broke it. When he fell the sharp edge of the broken basin cut him on the back of the right calf. Blood is seen to be flowing freely from the leg. There are no bystanders and no other help is available. Collect wounded ... ... ... 2 Lower stretcher ... ... ... 2 Prepare stretcher ... ... ... ... 2 Find snake (easily seen on ground near man) ... 5 Card 2.— It is a viper. Kill snake (penalty for handling same) ... ... 10 Caution: bits of crockery ... ... ... 5 Caution: roadside mud ... ... 5 Digital constriction of root of finger (blue pencil mark on tip of finger) Correct side and correct finger ... 5 Lay man down Raise leg ... Correct side Digital compression of femoral at groin Pull up trouser leg S Card 3.— Deep transverse cut upper 1- calf bleeding freely Pencd mark. Tourniquet femoral....... Relax pressure at groin Efficiency of digital pressure Ligatures root of finger Wrist and forearm Card 4.— Message doctor— He is operating at ho pital on brother of one of your team Efficiency of digital compression of root of finger Iodine hands before dressing calf wound (Iodine Am poules to be supplied) 10 Asepsis and dressing of wound ... 10 Pad and bandage 5 Question as to foreign body in a wound— None Flex knee (to close wound before pad) Bandage to maintain flexion Let finger bleed Inquiry if any further injury— None Cauterise wound

AID.—

171

GREAT

AID

FIRST By

DR.

AID.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an epitome of all that specialised medical and surgical knowledge necessary for First Aiders, as well as an authoritative manual or reference on all information relating to Health and Disease, is a work to be welcomed by all our readers who wish to study their subject more deeply than is possible from superficial text books. In “ T h e Modern Physician,” by Dr. Andrew Wilson, fullest space is devoted to “ First A i d ” and Am bulance Work. In respect of completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, “ T h e Modern Physician ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being d u l l ; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of Health laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. This work is absolutely complete as regards Health and Disease. As a knowledge of the body in Health is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the body’s microscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ mannikins ” or dummies more especially ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the human body. T h e section devoted to H ygiene includes the full exposition of the Laws of Health, and special attention is devoted to Physical Culture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, holidays temperament, &c., are treated in this section. T h e last volume is especially devoted to the Health of Women, and Dr. Wilson has here been assisted by a number of eminent women physicians. Midwifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fully dealt with. ONE

MANY

O P IN IO N S.

M r. J . D A N IE L , K e n t A v e n u e , A s h f o r d , w r i t e s :— “ Its all-round e xcellen ce m akes it a v alu able acqu isition . T h e section d ea lin g w ith a m b u lan ce w o rk is esp ecially good . T h e book is w ritten in splen did style and the illu stration s are first rate. The m ethod o f paym ent places it w ithin the reach o f a ll.”

A TO

THE

FR EE CAXTON

BO O K LET.

P U B L IS H IN G

COM PANY,

L t d .,

83 , S u r r e y S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W . C . 2. I lease send me. F r e e o f C h a r g e and wit ho ut an y obligation on m y part :_ Illustrated Boo klet o f “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n . " N a m e ................................................................................. (Send this For m on a Postcard.) A d d r e s s .................................................

— F I R S T

* 7*

Remove ligatures from forearm, wrist and finger (in this order)... ... ... ... ... Relax tourniquet femoral— No bleeding ... ... Cover finger wound aseptically ... ... ... Sling arm ... ... ... ... ... Treat shock ... ... ... ... Good use of men ... ... ... ... Intelligent questions ... ... ... ... Smartness... ... ... ... ... Load stretcher ... ... ... ... Care of injured part ... ... ... ... Lift (patient) ... ... ... ... Lower (patient) ... ... ... ... Position of leg fixed ... ... ... ... Lift stretcher (1 and 3 remove slings) j 2 (step between handles and shoulder slings) |_ 3 (slings over bandies, left first, grasp handles) | 4 (raise stretcher) ... ... ... J Adjust slings ... ... ••• \ “ 2 ” 2 and 4 resume places ... ... J March Halt Lower stretcher (1 and 3 replace slings) ... ... Examine patient— All correct ... ... ... Change numbers three times in Lmile Lift stretcher (2. 3, 4)... Adjust slings— 2— 1 and 3 resume places March ... ... ... ... ... Message to hospital on last change of numbers ... Halt Lower stretcher Unload stretcher ... ... ... I Lift (patient) ... ... Lower (patient) ... ... J Close stretcher— 2, 3 ... ... ... ... Explicit account of case to doctor ... ... Smartness... ... ... ... ...

5 5 2 5 4 5 5 10 5 5 1 1 5 _

3 10

5 5

5 2 15 10

V iva V o c e .

Officer in Charge— Give the names and position of the organs of the abdomen. Stomach, just below breast bone, towards the left side ... 2 Liver, upper part of abdomen, where it is mostly covered by the right lower ribs ... ... ... 3 Spleen, beneath the ribs at the upper part of the left side of the abdomen ... ... ... ... 3 Pancreas, lies behind the stamach ... ... 3 Intestines, occupy greater part of the cavity of the abdo men ... ... ... ... 3 Kidneys, lie at the back, one at each side, in the region of the loin ... ... ... ... 3 Bladder, to the front in the pelvis ... ... 3 No. 1.— Mention the stimulants that can be used in rendering first aid. Alcohol (2), hot strong tea, coffee or milk (3) ... 5 Sal volatile, half-a-teaspoonful to £ tumbler of water (3), smelling salts to nose (3) ... ... ... 6 Sprinkling face with hot and cold water alternately ... 3 Warmth to pit of stomach (i£), and over heart (i|) ... 3 Vigorous friction of limbs upwards ... ... 3 No. 2.— Describe the mechanism of inspiration and ex piration. Inspiration— Chiefly muscular ... ... ... ... 4 Ribs raised ... ... ... ... 3 Arch of diaphragm falls and becomes flattened increasing capacity of chest, tending to produce vacuum and causing air to enter Expiration— An act performed without muscular effort Ribs fall Arch of diaphragm rises which lessens th capacity of chest and Forces air out No. 3.— Give the treatment of a wound of the lung from stab. Lay Patient down, head low and inclined to one side

AID.

—

May

1920.

Antiseptic dressing and bandage to keep its place Ice bag Ice to suck or cold water to drink Turn patient to injured side No alcohol No. 4.— What are the symptoms of a fracture of the base of the skull. Insensibility ... ... ••• ••• 3 Clear fluid from ear ... ... ... ... 4 Blood from ear ... ... ... ••• 3 Blood from nose or blood may pass down to stomach, whence it may be ... ... ... 3 Vomited .... ... ... 4 Bloodshot eye ... ... ••• ••• 3 A man has been knocked down by a Motor Lorry, and has sustained a compound fracture of the right tibia and and fibula, with arterial bleeding. Competitions Nos. 1 and 2. Position of patient Immediate digital pressure Steady limb Position of foot (level with other foot, toes upward) Subsequent means of arresting hemorrhage, tourniquet Exposing wound, and remove foreign bodies Dressing on wound Splints (2) (from above knee to beyond foot) Dressings Bandages and knots ... Treatment of shock ... Covering patient Extra marks Simple fracture of left arm, close to the shoulder. Competitor No. 3. Broad bandage ... ... ... ••• 10 Small sling ... ... ... 4 Knots ... ... ••• 3 Neatness ... ... ••• 3 Competitions 4 and 5. 1st Card.— A man falls forward in the street in an epileptic fit. Turn patient on back Loosen clothing Fresh air Carefully examine Prevent biting tongue Kneel beside patient and support head Prevent further injury Partially restrain movements Notice breathing Nothing by mouth 2nd Card.— You find a fracture on the right elbow, con vulsions have ceased. Grasp and steady injured limb ... Applications of angular splint Large arm sling Covering patient Extra marks A t the conclusion of the Competitions, Frances, Lady D e L ’ lsle and Dudley presented the Challenge Shields, Cups and Prizes. T h e Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Team were handed the certificate as the holders of the Railway Shield in 1914, and all the competitors then received their prizes. A t the conclusion of the presenta tions, Sir Henry Jackson, Chairman of the Alexandra D ocks and Railway proposed a vote of thanks to L ad y De L ’lsle and D udley for presenting the prizes. H e said it was a particular source of pleasure for him to be there that day, seeing that the team which had won the Shield represented his Company, this was the fourth occasion they had won the Shield, the other years being 1905, 19T0 and 1912. Coloned Twiss seconded the resolution which was carried with acclamation, I.ady De L ’lsle and Dudley suitably responded. Mr. H . R. Edwards proposed a vote of thanks to the

— F I R S T

M ay, 1920.

AID. —

i 73

J. A . W Y L I E —

A M B U L A N C E

M akers

C O .,

of —

M E D A L S,

S H IE L D S , C U P S

B A D G E S,

T R O P H IE S .

Original Design. The above Shield was Designed and Manufactured by J, A. W Y LIE & CO. Original Sketches and Quotations sent on application post free.

SE L E C T IO N SENT

OF ON

M EDALS,

SE C R E TA R IE S

E tc,

A SSO C IA T IO N S

APPROVAL

POST

W R ITE

FREE.

FOR

AM BULANCE SHOULD

SE L E C T IO N S

M EDALS AND

W h o le s a le T e r m s to a ll A m b u l a n c e a n d F i r s t A id A s s o c ia tio n s . L o n d o n

S h o w r o o m s :

6 2 ,

H O L B O R N

T e l e p h o n e — C i t y 840.

Q U O T A T IO N S.

V I A D U C T ,

E . C . I .

i 74

— F I R S T

Judges and said that they had endeavoured to make the competition not only of educational value, but also to find the best team, and he could say that they accomplished both. Mr. W. J. Morgan seconded the vote which was carried.

R e v ie w s . I N D I A N M A N U A L O F F I R S T A ID . By Colonel R. J. Blackham, C.B., C.M.G., M.D., &c. 19th Edition. 39th Thousand. Dale, Reynolds & Co., Ltd., 46, Cannon Street, E.C.4. Price 2s. net. The Indian Manual is a good book, and differs from that of the S.J.A.A., in that more attention is specifically given to improvisation, wherein its author displays his insight into the requirements of practical First Aid. For this reason senior students who have mastered their Official Text-Book will derive much additional knowledge and profit from perusal of the Manual of the Indian Branch ; and we are sure that they will find particularly useful the detailed summary sheets which deal with Haemorrhage and with Insensibility. P O C K E T G U ID E S TO FIR ST-AID T R E A T M E N T . By Colonel R. J. Blackham, C.B., C.M.G., M.D., &c. 2nd. Edition. Dale, Reynolds & Co., Ltd., 46, Cannon Street, E.C.4. Price 6d. each. Colonel Blackham’s series of 7 Pocket Guides to First Aid Treatment is very useful and most serviceable. W e recently welcomed No. 1 on “ Poisoning,” and now have before us Nos. 2 and 3 which deal exhaustively with “ Bleeding” and with “ Insensibility.” W e note that these have been thoroughly revised and confidently commend them as efficient and practical guides to correct diagnosis and treatment.

practical joints. The E d itor invites Notes on actual Cases— with special reference to good and bad toints in Treatment— ror inclusion in this Column.

AID. —

M ay, 1920.

Queries and .Answers Correspondents. Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :—

1 .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hand corner of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C . 3 . — A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon” cut from

the current issue of the Journal, or in cast of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

?.— The Textbook, to which reference may be made i n these columns, is the Revised (79/9) Edition of S .J .A .A . Manual of First-Aid. T r e a t m e n t

S ig n s o f F r a c t u r e .

During the railway strike a friend and I set off on our cycles for Coulsden. While passing through Brixton my friend side-slipped on the tram lines and fell violently on to his left hand. He complained of pain at the left collar bone, and looked very pale. I tried to persuade him to go home by train but he would not do so. Eventually we mounted our cycles and rode on to Coulsden. When we dismounted his face again became pale, and he was supporting his left elbow and complained of pain. After an interval of ten minutes during which I delivered an important message, we set out for London. W e got off at Camberwell Green to light our lamps ; but my friend was in such pain that I insisted on his going to hospital where he was placed under the X rays and found to be suffering from fracture of collar bone. While he was riding there was little pain ; but on getting off his left shoulder dropped forward, and the pain commenced. I might add that this collar bone had been fractured some years previously during a street riot.— J. B. Bermondsey.

P o iso n in g .

T r eatm e n t

A lc o h o lism .

o f

C. B. (Euston).— If in a case of Alcoholic Poisoning we are told in competition that patient is profoundly asleep, should we keep patient awake, walk about and give coffee, &c. Everything depends on supposed conditions of emergency and especially whether “ profound sleep” is natural or the first stage of Alcoholic Collapse and coma. If the laner, then your duty as a First-Aider is to take active steps to awaken patient and to ensure all possible precautions to prevent “ stupor passing to coma.” Otherwise, the Textbook (p. 130) instructs you to “ encourage sleep” after recovery from Insensibility.— N. C. F. H om e

O ffice

O rd er s

f o r

A m bu lan ce

E q u ip m e n t.

W. A. B. (Barnsley).— The following trades are affected by Home Office Orders relating to Ambulance Equipment. Blast Furnaces, Copper and Iron Mills, Foundries and Metal Works, Laundries and Fruit Preserving Trades.— Ed. “ F. A.’

AMBULANCE

BRIGADE POSTER.

P r i c e 8/6 p e r d o z . P o s t a g e 6 d . A splendid three-colour poster for recuiting, or can be used for Concerts or other purposes. The blank space available can be printed to suit requirements by a local printer. F ro m “ FIRST A I D ,” 4 6 , C a n n o n S t . , L o n d o n , E .C . 4 . BRODSWORTH

MAIN

DIVISION

S.J.A.B.

E V E N T H A N N U A L BRASS BAND CONTEST, AM B U L A N C E C O M PETITIO N AN D SPORTS will be held on Saturday, June 26th, 1920. Valuable prizes will be given, including the People’s Refreshment House Association Challenge Cup for Brass Bands, the Thellurson Challenge Cup for Ambulance Teams, and other prizes. Particulars from Secretary, Sergt. L. {Nutton, 101, The Park, Woodlands, Doncaster.

QUERY Owing to the pressure on our space we are compelled to withhold a number of reports in this issue, especially the report of the Inspection of the No. 12 District.

Io d in e

o f

W. B. (Wolverhampton).— As the signs of Iodine Poisoning to a certain extent resemble those of Corrosive Poisoning, should we on this account withhold an emetic in poisoning by Iodine ? No. Iodine, being an irritant and not a corrosive poison, is not accompanied by urgent risk of ulceration and perfora tion of stomach. For this reason an emetic should be ad ministered without delay. Cases of Iodine Poisoning are rare, and with proper First-Aid Treatment the patient stands a good chance of recovery. — N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .

S T, JOHN M a sk in g o f

"F IR S T A ID ” and R E P L IE S C O U P O N .

c u t o u t a n d e n c lo s e d w it h a l l Q u e r ie s M ay,

1920.

May, 1920.

— F I R S T

A ID . —

175

S p o r t s in ju r ie s A

F ir s t

a fte r T h e W

d a y

I lln e s s

e ffic a c y

i n e

b y

th e ir

o f

b e in g

d a y

b y

g r e a t firs t a id a n d

p r o p e r tie s it

d o c to r s

th e

its a re

c o n v a le s r e b u ild in g

e a r n in g

in c r e a s in g

c ia tio n

H a l l ’s p r o v e d

p r a c tic e .

c e n c e

bruises, sprains, stiff and swollen joints yield readily to treatment with 10 DEX.

A id

o f m e d ic a l

fo r

a p p r e

In the treatment of stiffness, soreness and conditions arising from vigorous exercise, I O D E X is superior to liniments and embrocations. T h e ready absorption of I O D E X secures deep penetration of its free Iodine which quickly reduces swelling or inflammation, relieves pain, and aids the restoration to normal action. I O D E X does not blister, harden or stain the skin, and may be used when other forms of Iodine are inadmissable.

iO D E X

m e n .

Many practitioners look upon Hall’s Wine as the most dependable restorative ; they prescribe it for exhaustion after illness with most satisfactory results. For Neuras thenia, Anaemia and General Debility it is regarded as a standard Tonic that has proved its worth.

Obtainable in 2s. pots at most Chemists throughout the Kingdom.

MENLEY & JA M ES , L td ., M en le y H o u s e , F a r r l n g d o n R o ad , L o n d o n , E .C .I.

F o o d

H a lls W in e T h e Supreme Restorative.

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B E S T AND CH E APEST HOUSE IN THE TRADE. LARGE

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6/-

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LIST

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PATTERNS

TO I-

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EVANS.

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176

F I R S T

E X C E P TIO N A L ARE

S A N IT A R Y

MANUALS

O P P O R T U N IT IE S

OFFERED

THE

T R A IN IN G

A ID S

COLLEGE,

A ID S

F IR S T -A ID .

H O M E -N U R S IN G .

T O

Pri ce 7 d . , post free. T a b u l a t e d , w l t b Ai d s t o M e m o r y . com p lex su b je ct a n d s h o u ld be r e a d bv a h N .W . Ry. G a z e t t e .

W HY

AND

W HER EFO RE

F I R S T -A I D .

Th ir d Edition. Pr ice lod., post free. D i f f i c u l t i e s In S t u d y a n d T r e a t m e n t s o l v e d b y Q u e s t i o n a n d A n s w e r . “ W e com m end th is book to L e c tu r e r s a n d S tu d e n ts w ho w i l l f i n d i t o f g r ea t service. " — F i r s t A id .

E F F IC IE N C Y

F iR S T -A ID .

Post free, if. ad. P r o b le m s In Study, T r e a t m e n t a n d E x a m in a t io n solved f o r S e n io r S t u d e n ts . “ W ith o u t doubt th e book w i l l be o f g r e a t service in th e tr a in in g o f those fo r w h o m i t is designed. " — B r i t i s h M e d i c a l J o u r n a l .

H IN T S

FOR

H O S P IT A L

O R D E R L IE S .

Pos t free, 7 <*„ O r d e r l y D u t i e s S i m p l i f i e d a n d T a b u l a t e d , w l t b A id s t o M e m or y . A m ost com pact brochure w h ic h co n ta in s m u ch u s e fu l in form a tion . — P rescrieer.

IN D EX

CARVELL,

F IR ST -A ID .

M .R .C S .,

L .S .A .L o n d .

W O R D S.

(40th thousand).

A vade-mecum for the Ambulance Worker. F.cap.8vo. Post free, is. 2d. F IR S T

A ID

FEW

B y t b e S a m e A u th o r .

With Coloured Diagrams.

A p p l y (stamp) to M r . J. E . W a l d b n , Sec., Westminster Co ll ege ( L a d y Dispensers Section e f the Westminster Co ll ege of C he m ist ry and Ph a rm a c y, estd. 1874),

HOM E

1 1 2 , S t . G e o r g e ' s R oad , S o u t h w a r k , L o n d o n .

N U R SIN G

12 pp. Folder.

FE W

Paper, 2d.

W O R D S.

Cloth, 4d.

(16th thousand).

B y t h e S a m e A u th o r .

Including useful reference tables. 14 pp. Folder. Paper, 2d. Cloth,4d.

O R S A L E .— Regulation Brown Leather Belts and Pouches; also Caps and Overcoats; samples on approval.— Follett, 4, Victoria-avenue, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

TH E

CO M PLE TE

M A N IK IN .

Systems of Body accurately indexed. Invaluable to Students of Anatomy, Medicine, First-Aid and Allied Subjects. Price 25. net; postage, 2d.

T A T> T U N I C and T R O U S E R S (perfect), , t l , i l « J j • only worn three times, fit man 5 ft. 6in.; 25s. for the two.— J. L., 16, Alphonsus-street, Old Trafiford, Manchester.

TH E

T R IA N G U L A R

BAN D AG E:

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 116 Diagrams. By

HOW ARD

PRESTO N ,

116 Illus. TH E

D e m o n stra to r

th e

P o ly tech n ic.

Price, IS. net; postage 2d.

R O LLE R

BANDAGE.

By t b e S a m e A u th o r .

Its Application Accurately Described by Words and 162 Diagrams. Price, is. net; postage, 2d.

T \ T£ Officers Regulation Great Coats. Dark .tl Grey cloth, to measure, ,£3 19s. 6d. Quotations for other equipment on application. Write for patterns and particulars, Thornton & Co., tailors, Brighouse.

FIR ST -A ID

A N A TO M ICA L

D IA G R A M S.

Thirteen on Roller. Post free, 3 s . 6d. net. Each Diagram separately, 2d. 5, 6 and 14 (coloured), 6d. each. No.

O R S A L E , a quantity of Men’s Ambulance Uniform Trousers, all sizes, quite new, 16s. 6d. a pair.— Thornton and Co. 24, Commercial-street, Brighouse.

Second Ed ition . Hom e-N nrslng Sim plified a n d “ T h is book w o n d e rfu lly sim p lifie s a s tu d e n ts ." — L . &

POSTAL INSTRUCTION in “ PRESCRIPTION R E AD IN G ” and “ ELEMENTARY D ISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once.

LEAGUE

F IR S T -A ID , &e.,

Fifth E dition. Post free, 1 0 I . F i rs t -A id S i m p l i f i e d a n d T a b u l a t e d , w l t b Ai d s t o M e m o r y . “ C ol. S i r Jam es C a n tlie con tribu tes a n in trod u ction a n d w e endorse h is gooa opinion o f th e book. " — L a n c e t .

B y N. C O R B E T F L E T C H E R , B .A . , M . B . , B . C . ( C a n t a b ) , M .R .C . S

3 3 5 , H i g h H o l b o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .1 ., O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, Weights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors, Maternity and Child Welfare Workers, Dispensers, Reliev ng Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personal and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and First Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost.

F S

May, 1920.

A I D . —

1 4 .— H U M A N

B O D Y .—SH O W IN G P R E S S U R E P O IN T S.

Coloured.

TH E

W H O LE

M ERCY.

A R T

THEKLA

Introdmction bv J a m b s

F .J .l.

F.R.C.S. Illus. Post free, is. 2 d

P R A C T I C A L I N S T R U C T I O N IN C U T T I N G UP H O SPIT A L G A R M E N T S FOR S IC K

(Abproved by the Red Cross Society).

O U N D E D in 1899, the League seeks to promote the objects of the King Edward Hospital Fund by enrolment of Members who endeavour to secure every year 20 subscribers of one shilling upwards (termed Associates). Readers are invited to co-operate with other First-Aiders, and join the Wanderers Branch of which Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B., is President, and to address applications to Corbet Fletcher, Esq., 166, Haverstock-hill, N.W.3.

F irst-A id

SH O R T

ALLAN JO H N

C O U R SE

BROM AN, B A L E , SO N S

8 3 - 91, G r e a t

B A N D A G IN G .

BOW SER,

C a n tlie ,

A R T E R IE S

Price, 6 d .

Illustrated.

O U T 4k M A K I N G & W O U N D ED .

Post free, IS. 2d.

PH YSIC A L TR A IN IN G . Pri ce is . 8d . post free.

T itc h fle ld

D A N IE L S S O N ,

L td .,

S treet, London, W .

O R S A L E .— Serge Nursing Members’ Cloak, 54 in. long, never been worn, 25s.— M iss Farquharson, 48, Tedworth Square, S.W.

Equipment to

Hom e O ffice

Regulation.

The E X C E L No. 1. CABIN ET, Price complete, with Metal Caddies = Ditto, with Cardboard Caddies = CATALOGUE

SU R G IC A L

FREE

£ 3 £ 2

s. 1 8 s. 3

A P P L IC A T IO N .

M A N U FA CTU R IN G

C O .,

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Surgical Instrument Makers to the W a r Office,

83-85, M OR T IM ER S T R E E T LONDON, A n d a t P a r k Qu ad ran t, G L A S G O W .

W.l,

FIRST AID AND

ST.

THE

JOHN AMBULANCE Edited b y A R T H U R

No. 3 1 2 .— VOL. XXVI, N O T IC E

-----

JUNE,

1920.

GAZETTE.

DALE. \RnUr.d atSUnonor,' Hall.]

[3/6 Per^Anndm,^ Post**Free

in this respect, and taken in conjunction with the Safety

READERS.

First campaign, which has its origin FIRST AID is published on the 20th ot each month. The Annual Subscription is 3s. 6d. post free ; single copies 3d.

Its aim and object being the advancement 01 Ambulance Work in all its branches, the Editor invites Readers to send Articles and Reports on subjects pertaining to the Movement and alse welcomes suggestions for Practical Papers. All Reports, &c., should be addressed to the Editor, and should reach him before the 12th of each month, and must be accompanied (not necessarily for Publication) by the name and address of the Correspondent. Subscriptions, Advertisements and other business Communications connected with F IR S T A ID should be forwarded to the Publishers, D A LE, REYN OLDS & CO.,

America,

industrial casualty list will be considerably lessened. L ast

month an appeal was issued by

Joint Coun cil’s

the Joint C ouncil of the Order of St.

Appeal.

John and the R e d Cross through the press to the public for a continuance of

that munificent support which carried the Joint War C o m mittee through the w a r ; this appeal was signed by Queen Alexandra and the D u k e o f Connaught.

T h e sum of

1,000,000 per annum is aimed at for the purpose of carrying on certain work of the War Department

L t d .,

her

of the

Joint Committee, such as—

46, C a n n s n S t r e e t , L ondon , E.C. 4. Telegraphic Address: “ Twentv-four, London." Telephone No. 547 7 Bank.

T h e care of the sick and wounded men of H is Majesty’s Forces, whether still on the active list or demobilised.

EDITORIAL.

Such care as may still be necessary for those who have been prisoners of war. Assistance to Orthopaedic Clinics and Curative

W e are enabled to publish in this issue

Posts for the Treatm ent of Pensioners.

First Aid

the first instalment of an article from

H o m e Service Am bulance Organisation.

Instruction

the pen of Dr. Hunter, a Director of

R e d Cross and St. John War and Peace Library.

America,

the Bureau of First Aid of the American R e d Cross.

It is an undoubted fact

that more people are killed and injured in the United States for a given number of employers than is the case in other countries.

Some few years ago the United States

T h ere are also other branches of work which can usefully be undertaken in time of peace by the Order of St. John and the British R e d Cross Society, such as :— ' T h e care of those suffering from tuberculosis, having regard in the first place.to sailors and soldiers,

Government realising this started a campaign for preventing

whether they have contracted the disease on active

accidents, and the outcome was the organisation of the

service or not.

Bureau of First Aid, which was established in 1910. that period it has made enormous strides, as gathered from the account which we publish.

Since will

O ne feature

of the work in the United States is the fact that the Government and other officials give their co-operation, and

Assistance, financial and otherwise, to the V o lu n tary Civil Hospitals, in view of the strain put upon these hospitals by the war, Work Parties to provide the necessary garments &c., for hospitals and health institutions.

the railway companies have demonstration cars running

Child Welfare work.

over their systems, in order to teach first aid in outlying

Assistance where required

districts. There is no doubt that the United States was one of

in all branches

nursing, health and welfare work, ancillary to the Ministry of Health.

the most backward of the industrial nations in the teaching

Such a magnificent programme deserved every support

of first aid, but with the thorough organisation which she now

from the public, and we feel confident that it will meet

has, undoubtedly in the course of a few years she will lead

with every success.

—FIRST

J h e G rand p rio ry of the Order of th e X o sp ita l of S t . J o h n of Jeru su lem in S nglu gd. AM BULANCE

DEPARTMENT. '

fjh e S t . Joh n .A m bulance S r ig a d e . No. I District C o m m issio n e r

D I S T R I C ' F o R D ER S . :

--------

* W . H. W I N N Y , O.B.E. SUNDAY

DUTY

A T ST.

P A U L ’S C A T H E D R A L .

June 14th, 1920. Sunday, 4th.— No. 67 Division, Borough of St. Pancras. „ n t h .— No. 68 „ City of London. „ 18th.— No. 70 „ Borough of Kensington. „ 25th.— No. 71 „ Tottenham. Duty from 2.30 p.m., to 8.30 p.m., Key from St. John’s Gate at 2 p.m. R E - U N I O N S E R V I C E T O BE H E L D IN T H E O R D E R C H U R C H , ST. J O H N ’S S Q U A R E , C L E R K E N W E L L , ON S U N D A Y , J U N E 20TH, 1920 Ambulance Divisions will parade at 11 a.m., at St. John’s Gate. D r e s s :— F u l l D r e s s (Ceremonial) Orders and Medals to be worn. Members of Nursing Divisions should go direct to the Church, and be in their seats not later than 11.15 a m - This is necessary in order that the seating arrangements may be efficiently carried out. Owing to the limited amount of space available in the Church, it may not be possible to find seats for members of Nursing Divisions arriving later than 11.15 a.m. Divisional surgeons attending, will also parade at the Church not later than 11.10 a.m., and proceed to their seats. M a r k e r s o f C o m pa n ies The N.C.O.’s told off to act as Markers, will not enter the Church with their Companies, but as they arrive at the steps, will fall out and enter the Church last with the District Sergeant. It will then be possible for them to come out first, so as to be in position for the men to fall in as they leave the Church. Members who are unable to attend the Service, are invited to parade in time for the march through the City, and should fall in by 12.30 p.m. After the Service the members will march through the City, and will be dismissed in Finsbury Circus about 1.40 p.m. Plain clothes men are invited to be present. During the muster in the Square, bands will attend and play. It is expected that the whole of the accommodation in the church will be required for the members of the Brigade who are parading. They are therefore urged not to invite their friends to attend the Service in the church. A N N U A L IN SPE C T IO N . The Chief Commissioner, Colonel Sir James Clark, Bt., C.B., will inspect the Prince of Wales’s Corps at the Exhibition Ground, Hyde Park, near Knightsbridge Barracks, on Satur day, July 3rd, 1920. Parade at 3.30 p.m. Dress— Full dress (ceremonial). Orders and medals to be worn. It is most important that all ranks of the District, both Ambulance and Nursing, should attend this Inspection. Members who do not attend without leave of absence in writing obtained before hand, are liable to lose their efficiency for the year. See Brig.Regs. page 15, para. 25. After the Inspection the Corps will march to Lincoln’s Inn Fields. D is miss about 6 p.m. Further particulars will be announced later. S P E C IA L DRILLS. It is proposed to arrange for two special,drills for mem

AID.—

June, 1920

bers of the Ambulance Divisions, prior to the Inspection. It is expected these will take place on Wednesday, June 23rd and 30th, in the grounds of the Merchant Tailors’ Schools, Charterhouse Square, E.C., punctually at 6.30 p.m. It is hoped that members will make a special effort to attend these drills in order that they may be as proficient as possible at the Annual Inspection. Members may attend in plain clothes on these occasions. They should not, however, attend for public street duty in plain clothes unless specially invited. ROYAL

NAVAL

A U X IL IA R Y SIC K BERTH RESERVE. Members of this Reserve who have rejoined since the war may be informed that if they have been on Active Service they will not be required to present themselves for training during the present year. (Signed) W. H. W I N N Y , Commissioner.

No. 4 District. B i r k e n h e a d . — A very interesting ceremony took place recently in the Drill Hall of the Cammell Laird Corps in the form of a presentation of medals to the winners of their Sectional Competition. There was a large attendance of members, and on the platform were S. Woodward, Esq., in the chair, Mrs. Woodwarti, Mr. A. R. Vaughan, Mr. J. F. Phcenix and Mr. F. D. Kent. In opening the proceedings Mr. Woodward said how pleased he was to attend any of the functions held by the Ambulance Corps and to recognise the great amount of good work which the members were doing. It was a great pity that the work of the Ambulance members had, of necessity, had to be carried on in the quiet, unostentatious manner which he knew it to be carried on, and he was always glad of an opportunity of bringing such work to the notice of the public in the spirit in which it ought to be brought, and now that a Centre of the Association, of which he has the honour to be a vice-president, had been formed in Birkenhead he hoped the efforts of the members would receive the appreciation they deserved. The Chairman then called upon Mrs. Woodward to present the medals to No. 4 Section, winners of the Competition and, led by Ambulance Officer William Simpson, each member received his medal from Mrs. Woodward who spoke words of encouragement and congratulation to each member. Mr. Woodward then announced that he had been asked to present to Corporal C. Jenkinson, a gift from the Corps in the form of a gold wristlet watch and a gold mounted cigarette holder and case. He had great pleasure in performing this duty, but much regretted that it indicated Corporal Jenkinson’s resignation from the Corps as he was about to leave England to take up a position in America. It was the earnest wish of himself and all the members that his future be a prosperous one, and they were glad to know that he was anxious to join an Ambulance body across the water in order to carry on the work he was now so proficient in. In answer to cries of “ speech” Corporal Jenkinson said how greatly he appreciated the present, more especially the spirit that prompted it. He would never forget the splendid time he had had whilst a member of the Corps, and although he would soon be many miles away he would remember with gratitude and affection the many good friends he had made through his connection with the Corps. He was received with loud applause and cheering. Mr. A. R. Vaughan proposed a vote of thanks to Mrs. Woodward for graciously presenting the medals and the encouraging words she had said to each recipient. Mr. Kent proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. Woodward for presiding there that evening. Mr. Woodward responding on behalf of himself and Mrs. Woodward said it was always a pleasure to them both to do what they could to help such a splendid work, and the know ledge that their efforts on behalf of the Corps were so greatly appreciated would prove a further incentive, if one were needed,

June, 1920. to continue in their efforts. forthcoming competition.

— F I R S T He wished them all success in the

No. s District. B o s t o n . — Divisional Suigeon, C. W. Pilcher has been created a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for services performed during the war. Divisional Superintendent, G. A. Enderby has been specially mentioned to the Secretary of State for War by the Chairman of the Joint War Committee of the British Red Cross Society and Order of St. John of Jerusalem in England for valuable general Red Cross services during the war.

B u r t o n - o n - T r e n t . — At the Fete and Gala held at Burton-on-Trent on Whit Monday, the newly-formed Ambu lance Brigade, were for the first time called upon for public duties, 21 members of the Division in charge of Ambulance Officer, W. R. Thompson and Sergeant W. Andrews. Squads of men were told off to various positions during the procession and then did duty on the Field. An Ambulance tent was erected on the field for any case requiring First Aid treatment, 17 cases were treated, several of which were of rather a serious nature, two of these cases were taken to their homes and one to the Infirmary by the Town Motor Ambulance.

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several were under the Misses Axenhead, who ran an Auxiliary Hospital at Boultham, a suburb of Lincoln, others turned their attention to administering creature comforts to Tommy Atkins on his arrival at Lincoln after tedious journeys from Southampton or Dover. It did not matter what time of night or early morning it was, both men and ladies were at the post of duty.

N o t t i n g h a m . — The funeral took place on May 20th of Sergeant Claud William Holbrook of the Great iNorthern Division of the Corps, at the Church Cemetery, Nottingham. Sergeant Holbrook was killed while carrying out his employment with the Great Northern Railway on May 15th, 1920 He joined the Brigade in February, 1915, and attained the rank of Sergeant on April 4th this year. He was always devoted to duty, and attended nearly all convoys of wounded arriving in Nottingham during the war,

G o o l e . —A social gathering was held at the Lowther Hotel, Goole, on May 21st, over which Mr. H. Chapman presided. The object of the meeting was to encourage an interest in ambulance work, and Mr. C. Batley the newlyappointed superintendent of the Division pointed out that in an industrial district like Goole it was necessary to have men who were willing and qualified to render First Aid. He was glad to say they had a large number of men who could do that, some of whom were in the division, and others unfortunately were not. He hoped that they would eventually join and help to make the division as strong as possible. He hoped that old members who had discontinued their association with the branch would renew it, and he announced that a programme of wo k had been arranged which included half an hour’s drill and an hour’s ambulance practice at the drill hall every Thursday evening, with a parade on the first Sunday of each month for those who were unable to attend on Thursdays, and during the summer it was hoped to have parades and exercises in the open air. During the evening Dr. Cass was asked to accept a fountain pen on behalf of the members as a mark of apprecia tion of his services. L i n c o l n .— The A B Divisions of the Corps have a very good record for War Work, some twenty men left Lincoln on the 25th September, 1914, under 1st Class Sergt. Trafford and Corporal Codd for Chatham, where they were attached to the 10th Company R.A.M.C. for duty, and very soon after others followed for War duty. The record which has been per petuated in an illuminated “ Roll of Honour ” and is reproduced on this page of F i r s t A i d , shows that no less than 54 have served their King and Country, 5 made the great sacrifice, 3 of whom were killed in action. Captain D. J. S. Stephen was killed not long after he had been awarded the Military Cross — Captain Alcock saw the taking of Jerusalem as well as active service in Egypt, the other officers were engaged at the 4th Northern General Hospital, namely, Lt.-Colonel F. L. Lambert who was Administrator there ; Major O. H. Chapman, surgeon, while Captain J. E. Dickinson was Quarter-Master. Most of the N.C.O.’s and men have seen active service in France, Egypt, Mesopotamia and India. The men who stayed at home on account of age were always at the post of duty, for between 40,000 and 50,000 soldiers were dealt with at the 4th Northern General Hospital. A very large number of these were stretcher cases and were most efficiently handled by the S.J.A.B. men who assisted in loading the Ambulance Vans at the railway station ; for about two years the loading up at the station was entirely worked by men of the Brigade. The Ladies of the Brigade have not shirked their duties,

and at the Chilwell Disaster on July 1st, 1918, dealt with a number of cases with great credit. The funeral was attended by Lieut.-Colonel Sir H. Dennis Readett-Bayley (Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John). Acting Assistant Commissioner A. B. Gibson, Corps Officer, E. Morris, Divisional Superintendent W. Cunningham, Ambu lance Officers Parkinson, Brazier and Pells, Lady Divisional Superintendents Mrs. Paling, Mrs. Brain and Mrs. James, and a large number of other ranks. The deceased’s Division provided the bearers. Among the wreaths was one from Sir Dennis and Lady ReadettBayley, one from the Nottingham Corps, and one from the Great Northern Ambulance Division. A most successful Field Day was held on Bulwell Common on Sunday, June 6th, 1920, when a scheme of operations was carried out. *

i 8o

—F I R S T

The Corps was complimented on its smart appearance and excellent turn out by the Sheriff of Nottingham (H. Offiler, Esq , J.P.). On the conclusion of the operations the Corps attended a Memorial Service to the fallen soldiers in Bulwell Market Place, after which, justice was done to an excellent tea pre pared by the ladies connected with the Corps.

June, 1920.

AID.—

deserve the loyal support of the members of the Nursing Divisions in Ireland. The Club has been under the manage ment of a Committee appointed by the Joint War Committee, but a scheme has been approved for an alteration of its con stitution so as to give the members direct representation in the working of the Club. The finances are in a satisfactory con dition, and the Club promises to develop in several directions to become increasingly useful to V .A .D .’s.

No. 12 (Irish) District. The annual inspection of the No. 12 (Irish) District of the St. John Ambulance Brigade was made in Lord Iveagh’s Gardens on April 24th by Colonel Sir J. R. A. Clark, Bart., G-B., C.M.G., Chief Commissioner of the Brigade, who also distributed St. John War Service Badges to a very large number of members, whose work had entitled them to this mark of distinction. About 350 lady members and 200 male members of the Brigade took part in the parade, and their smart appearance and keen attention to detail won the admiration of the large attendance. The Pipers’ Band of the Irish District contributed music during the afternoon. A beautiful flag, the gift of St. Stephen’s Green Nursing Division (Lady Superintendent, Mrs. Rowlette) was presented to the Irish District. The flag was received by Sir James Clark, Chief Commissioner, who gave it into the custody of Sir John Lumsden, Commissioner for the District. A flag was also presented to the band, and Sir John Lumsden himself received a Long Service Medal. At the conclusion of the inspection Sir J. R. A. Clark dis tributed the War Service Badges and Certificates. Sir J. Clark having distributed the badges, addressed the Brigade briefly, and congratulated it on having so many members, and also on its efficient service. He expressed the hope that the members of the Brigade would be long spared to carry on the good work in which they were engaged. Sir John Lumsden, on behalf of the Brigade, thanked Sir James Clark for attending there that day, and he called for three hearty cheers. The request was enthusiastically answered, and three cheers were also given for Sir John Lumsden. The proceedings then concluded. After the Annual I nspection a dinner was held in the Bonne Bouche Cafe at which the Rt Hon. Sir John Ross, Bart., P.C., and Knight of Grace of the Order presided. The toast of the guest of the evening— Colonel Sir James R. A. Clark, Chief Commissioner— was proposed by Lord Chief Justice Molony, Knight of Grace, who referred to the great services rendered by Sir James to the Brigade and through it to the Allied cause in the Great War. In reply Sir James congratulated the No. 12 District on the splendid work done by its members during the war and on its post-war activities. The toast of the Order was proposed in an excellent speech by Rt. Hon. Sir John Ross, Bart., and that of the Chairman by Sir Henry McLaughlin, K.B.E. Amongst others present were Sir John Lumsden, K.B.E., Commissioner, and Mr. W. G. Smith, O.B.E., Deputy Commissioner of the No. 12 District, Dr. Ella Webb, M.B.E., Lady Arnott, D .B .E ., Mrs. Hignett, C.B.E., Mr. James H. Webb, Doctors Walter Stephenson, Seton Pringle, Meldon, Oulton and Mather Thomson, Mrs. C. F. Cooke, O.B.E., and Mrs. Watson, O.B.E. P r e s e n t a t i o n . — W e regret to note that Miss E. F. Blandford has been obliged to relinquish her duties temporarily as Secretary at Headquarters on account of a breakdown in health. Some of her more intimate friends took the oppor tunity of showing their appreciation of her services to the Brigade by making her a Presentation on her departure for France. Sir John Lumsden presided at the interesting function, and on behalf of the subscribers presented Miss Blandford with a suit case, silver brushes and a cheque, accompanied by the best wishes of her numerous friends for her speedy recovery and an enjoyable holiday.

V.A.D. C l u b . — It is gratifying to note that the V.A.D . club in Dublin opened about a year ago continues to prosper and to

F lo ren ce

N i g h t i n g a l e M e d a l.

h e British R e d Cross Society state that the first awards o f the Florence Nightingale Medal have been made by the International R ed Cross Committee at Geneva. T h e medal was instituted by the International Committee in 1912 in memory of the work of Miss Florence Nightingale, to be distributed annually to six trained nurses who, in the opinion of the Committee, have rendered exceptional ser vice in connection with nursing. During the war no distribution was made, but shortly after the signing of peace it was decided to award fifty of these medals, and all National R e d Cross Societies were requested to submit recommendations for consideration by the Committee. Forty-two medals have been awarded, and amongst the recipients are included the following, whose were submitted by the British R ed Cross Society :— Mrs. John Lambert, of the Royal Naval Nursing R e serve, for services in 1915 and 1916, especially on the hos pital ship “ Gallipoli.” Miss Beatrice Isabel Jones, D .R .C ., C .B . E , matron, Q .A .I.N .S ., for service in Mesopotamia since 1916. Miss Gladys Laura White, sister, for services 1915 to 1918, especially at No. 9 B .R .C .S . Hospital at St. Omer (No. 36 Casualty Clearing Station). Miss K a te Maxdy, B .R .C .M .M ., sister, T .F . Nursing Service, for services from 1914 to 1918, especially at No. 58 Casualty Clearing Station. Miss Gertrude Mary Wilson Smith, Q .A .I.M .N .S ., for services as sister-in-charge of Anglo-French hospital train No. 7 (No. 3 Casualty Clearing Station), France. Miss Margaret Clothilde Macdonald, B .R .C ., matronin-chief of the Canadian Arm y Nursing Service. Miss L u cy Minchin, nursing sister, of the British Army in India and Mesopotamia. Miss Hester Maclean, B«R.C., matron-in-chief, New Zealand Arm y Nursing Service, Mrs. E. R. Creagh, O .B .E ., B .R .C ., matron-in-chief, Sbuth African Military Nursing Service.

T h e Market Harborough Division recently organised an egg collection for the Leicester Infirmary, to be put in pickle for winter use. It resulted in 5,17 7 eggs being sent to the Institution.

P r in c e s s

a r y

is it s

a n

A m b u l a n c e

T e n t .—

On Saturday, June 14th, the Princess Mary was present of the rally of Girl Guides held in H y d e Park. T h ere was a very large attendance and during the afternoon a violent thunderstorm occurred with a heavy downpour of rain. T h e Princess with her staff took refuge in the large marquee erected for the reception of patients, where she was received by the Commissioner, Mr. W. H. Winny, and Assistant Commissioner, Lieut.-Colonel F A Brooks. A number of patients were receiving treatment at the time.

No. 12 D i s t r i c t , S.J.A.B., I n s p e c t i o n . Col. J. R. Clark, C.B., C.M.G., presenting the new flag to the Pipers’ Band. 2. Sir John Lumsden being decorated with the Long Service Medal. 3. Lady Lumsden and Frances, Lady Talbot Power. 4. Group of No. 12 (Irish) Division H.Q. St. John Ambulance Brigade. Names, left to r i g h t M i s s Bruce, Miss L. Overend, Mr. W. J. Smith Dr. Ella Webb, Col. Sir James R. Clark, Bt., C.B., C.M.G., Sir John Lumsden, Miss Muriel Poe. Back row left to’ right :— Mr. A. L. B. Moore, Miss Eileen Blanford, Mrs. Rowlett, and Mr. A. J. Connor. i.

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June, 19*0.

THE ST. JOHN AMBULANCE GAZETTE. O fficia l

B r ig a d e M AY,

G a zette.

1920

T h e C h ief Commissioner has sanctioned the following appointments, promotions, transfers and resignations :— No

1 D i s t r i c t ( P r i n c e o f W a l e s ’ s C o r p s ).

No. 28 (Harrow and Wealdstone) Division.— Cyril Freder ick Mayne, O.B.E., B.Ch., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 15.5.20. No. 29 (Walthamstow) Division.— Supt. A. E. G. H. Blum resigned through ill-health, 26.5.20. N o . 2 D is t r ic t .

District Secretary W. B. Williams resigned, 7.6.20. Bournemouth Division.— Captain Charles George Hugh Morse, B.Ch., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 14.5.20. Southampton Corps (Southampton Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. E. M. Twiss to be Lady Divisional Supt., 7.5.20. vice Mrs. Locke resigned. Nursing Sister Mrs. E. Burrows to be Nursing Officer, 7.5.20. Nursing Sister Miss E. Thornton to be Nursing Officer, 8.5.20. vice Miss Banes resigned, 11.7.19. Nursing Officer C. Coward to be Nursing Officer, 9.5.20, vice Miss Norman resigned, 3.9.19. Nursing Sister Mrs. J. Wallis to be Nursing Officer, 10.5.20. N o . 3 D is t r ic t .

Kettering Corps (Rothwell Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Miss Fanny Green to be Lady Divisional Supt., 21.5.20, vice Mrs. A. Sargeant resigned, February, 1920. N.E. Warwickshire Corps.— Ambulance Officer William A. Hirons to be Divisional Supt., 2.6.20. N o. 4 D is t r ic t .

Birkenhead Corps (Birkenhead Borough Division).— William Johnson to be Divisional Supt., 8.5.20. Oldham Corps (Westwood Division).— Robert Ashton Jackson, M.B., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H., to be Divisional Surgeon, 31.5.20. Oldham Corps (Mumps Division).— Cornelius Thompson, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 31.5.20. Morecambe Division.— Corporal Edgar Harold Norman to be Ambulance Officer, 3 5 20. Blackpool Division.— First Class Sergeant John Hartley to be Ambulance Officer, 31.5.20. First Class Sergeant George Wilson to be Ambulance Officer, 1.6.20. Middleton Division.— Divisional Surgeon F. J. Walton re signed, 13 5.20. Oldham Corps (Equitable Division).— William Oliver. M.B., C.M.,to be Divisional Surgeon, 20.4.20. Mossley Division.— Hector Kenneth MacDonald, M.B., C h .B , to be Divisional Surgeon, 10.5.20. Clitheroe Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Miss Eliza beth Cowman to be Nursing Officer, 5 5.20. Blackpool Nursing Division.— Nursing Sister Catherine Hedley to be Nursing Officer, 10.5.20, vice Miss Sharp re signed, 1916. Nursing Sister Miss Hannah Braithwaite to be Nursing Officer, 11.5,20, vice Miss A. Heaton resigned, 1916.

No. 5 D i s t r i c t . North Staffordshire Railway Corps (Newcastle Division). — William Hughes to be First Class Sergeant, 29.4.20. Denaby Main Corps (Conisborough Division).— Pte. Charles Farrell to be Divisional Supt., 1.5.20. Denaby Main Corps (Denaby Division).— Pte. Stanley S. Spruce to be Ambulance Officer, 22.5.20. Belper Division.— Sergt. Alfred Spencer to be Ambulance Officer, 6.5.20. Pontefract Corps (Micklegate Division).— W. T. Hessell, M.B., Ch.B., to be Divisional Surgeon, 5.5.20. Lincoln Corps (Lincoln Nursing Division).— Nursing Sister Mrs. Jane Sims to be Nursing Officer, 8.5.20. Nottingham Corps.— Ernest Morris to be Corps Officer, 22.5.20. Staveley Ireland Colliery Division.— Sergt. Charles William Hudson to be Ambulance Officer, 26.5.20. Pte. Arthur Bates to be Ambulance Officer, 26. 5.20. Newark Division.— Ernest Ringrose, M.D., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., to be Divisional Surgeon, 22.5.20, vice Major J. Stallard resigned. Shirebrook Division.--Francis Daly, L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S., to be Divisional Surgeon and Supt., 25 5.20, vice Dr. Woodley Joyce deceased. N o.

D istr ic t.

Hull Corps (Western Division).--Ambulance Officer John Kenneth Wilson to be Divisional Supt., 22,5.20. Crook and District Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss Elsie Pratt to be Lady Divisional Supt., 25.5.20, vice Miss E. Walton resigned. Hull Corps (Kingston Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. Ellinor Jane Fisher to be Lady Divisional Supt., 25.5.20, vice Mrs. Jameson resigned. Hull Corps (Reckitt’s Nursing Division). — Nursing Officer M. Rob nson resigned, 18.5.20. Hull Corps (Peel House Nursing Division).— Lady Divi sional Supt. The Lady Nunburnholme resigned her appoint ment as Lady Divisional Supt. Nur-ing Officer Mrs. G. Zerny resigned, 18.5.20. Driffield Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Miss H. Holtley to be Lady Divisional Supt., 25.5.20, vice Mrs. Pateson resigned. North Tyneside Corps (Cullercoats Nursing Division).— Lady Supt. Mrs. Henderson resigned, 18.5 20. Derwent Valley Corps (Benfieldside Nursing Division).— Nursing Officer Mrs. Blake transferred to the Brigade Reserve, 18.5.20. Hornsea Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer Mrs. Agnes Lyon resigned, 26.5.20. Nursing Officer Miss A. M. Hedley resigned, 26.5.20. Easington Colliery Division.— Divisional Supt. George Taylor resigned, 26.5.20. Blucher Colliery Division.— Divisional Supt. R. S. Logan resigned, 18 5.20. Lanchester Nursing Division.— Nursing Officer A. Ander son resigned, 18.5.20. West Hartlepool Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Mrs. M. Strover resigned, 18.5.20. Divisional Surgeon Dr. Strover resigned, 18.5.20. N o.

D istr ic t.

Tunbridge Wells Nursing Division.— Lady Divisional Supt. Miss A. M. Ard resigned, 14.5.20. Nursing Officer Miss Leila Kemball to be Lady Divisional Supt., 12.5.20, vice Miss R. M. Ard transferred to the Brigade Reserve.

June, 1920,

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Dover Nursing Division. — Nursing Officer Miss B. Young resigned 14.5.20. No. 9 D

is t r ic t .

Kingsteignton Division. — Divisional Supt. W. H. White way resigned, 26 5.20. N o. 12 D i s t r i c t .

JOH N

AM BULANCE

GAZETTE. —

A s K n ig h t o f Grace : Major-General Sir Sydney D ’Aguilar Crookshank, K.C.M.G. C.B., C.I.E., D.S.O., M.V.O. A s Honorary Lady Oj Grace: Helene, Comtesse de Reinach Foussemagne.

Public Service Corps (Dublin University Nursing Divi" sion). — Nursing Sister Miss Gertrude Hurley to be Nursing Officer, 11.5.20, vice Miss A. Deverall resigned, 2.2.20. South

E astern

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C h ath am

Orpington Nursing Division.— Sir Alfred Waldron Smithers, M.P., to be Honorary President, 11.5.20. The following gentlemen have been appointed Honorary Vice Presidents, to date from 11.5.20. Rev. G. R. Fearne. Rev. S. E. Osborne. F. Harrild, Esq. J. Culbertson, Esq. » E. Strong, Esq. A. N. Lubbock, Esq. E. Norman, Esq. Mrs. F. E. C. Hardy to be Honorary Vice-President, 11.5.20. Hastings Division.— Capt. Brandreth Gibbs to be Honor ary President, 11.5.20. John Stewart Farnfield, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.D.S., to be Divisional Surgeon, 2.6 20. Charles Milton to be Ambulance Officer, 2.6.20. Jam es R. A n d r ew

C lark

( C o lo n e l) ,

Chief Commissioner. N ew

D iv is io n s , & c .

Divisions sanctioned and disbanded :— No. 5 D i s t r i c t . Warsop Division has been re-nan,ed “ Welbeck Colliery Division,” 18.5.20. Siverwood Nursing Division.— Disbanded, 1.6.20. N o. 6 D

is t r ic t

Blucher Colliery Division.— Disbanded, 18.5.20. Brandling Newcastle Nursing Division.— Disbanded, 18.5.20. Bates Ambulance Division.— Disbanded, 26.5.20. Darlington Nursing Division.— Sanctioned, 8 6.20. N o. 7 D

is t r ic t .

Coalbrookdale Division. — Disbanded, 26.5.20. N o. 8 D

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Camberley and Frimley Division.— Sanctioned, 14.5.20. Hastings Castle and St. Leonard’s Division.— Disbanded, 26.5.20. South

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D is t r ic t .

Bricklayers’ Arms Division.— Sanctioned, 15.5.20.

T h e G r a n d P r io r y of t h e

O rder of t h e

H o spital of S t . Jo h n of J e r u s a le m in E n g la n d . Chancery o f the Order, « St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell., London, E . C ., M ay 29th, 1920. The King has been graciously pleased to sanction the following promotions in, and appointments to, the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England :— Col.

W o m e n s V .A .D . N o t e s a n d

R a il w a y D is t r ic t .

A s K nig ht o f Justice (from. K n ig h t o f Grace) : The Hon. Sir Arthur Lawley, G.C.S.I., G .C .l.E K.C.M.G.

New s.

h e number of Nursing Y . A . D . Members posted to Nava), Military and Ministry of Pensions Hospitals is 73. W e have received 50 requisitions for the services of our Nursing Members in these hospitals, 43 of these hav ing been received from Pensions Hospitals.

Nursing Members are now appointed to hospitals under the Ministry of Pensions at a minimum salary of ^ 3 0 per annum, rising by half-yearly increments of £ 2 10s. to the maximum of ^ 4 0 per annum. T h e y receive ^ ,4 10s. uniform allowance every six months, and the usual pay and allowances. A third class railway warrant is issued on appointment and termination of contract, but no incidental travelling expenses are allowed. T w o leave vouchers are issued per annum, but this concession may be withdrawn at any time. T h e work in these hospitals is mainly orthopaedic. W e have now forwarded 418 applications from our members to the Overseas Settlement Office, for free passages to different parts of the Dominions. T h e English Section of the General Service D epart ment has been very busy fulfilling requisitions, particularly for category “ B ” members, of whom very few appear to be available. Assistant cooks are urgently required. T h e Overseas Section has spent much time and trouble in finding expert categories to fiil vacancies with the Army of the Rhine and Constantinople. Twenty-two members for the Army of the Rhine were cancelled at the last moment by the Military authorities. This naturally causes great disappointment to all concerned. T h e V .A .D . Club is about to open at 28, Cavendishsquare, in the house which was formerly Marshall T h o m p son’ Hotel. This House is one of the oldest and most historic hotels in London, being mentioned by Boswell in. his “ Tour of the H ebrides” when Dr. Johnson stayed there It was also mentioned by Thackeray in “ Vanity Fair,” and should make a delightful club house. Very numerous applications are being received for membership, and those V .A .D . Members who now belong to Detachments, or who having resigned their membership, have given three years war service as members o f detach ments, should send their names to the Secretary of the club without delay, if they wish to join the club, as it is very likely that the lists may soon be closed. T h e club has a large number of bedrooms, and the cuisine is to be a special feature. T h e entrance fee is two guineas and the subscription one guinea a year for country members and two guineas for town members. T h e secretary is Mrs. How, who served throughout the war as a Com mandant in an Auxiliary Hospital in Worcestershire. T h e assistant secretary is Miss Johnson, who s tiv e d as Commandant under the Joint Committee, B . R . C S. and Order o f St John, in France, and the catering arrange-

— F I R S T

184

ments are under Miss V era Waller, who served throughout the war in France under the Joint Committee. T h e following members have been mentioned in despatches : — Miss Harriet Mary Faith Barton, Co. Dublin, 31, B .R .C .S . Miss Jane K e n n e d y Eagleson, Antrim, 28, S .J.A .A . Miss Mary Joyce Harris, London Res. S.J.A .A . Miss Irene Emily Spurgeon, Sussex Res. B .R .C .S .

A le x a n d r a W in n e r s

o f

t h e

Docks

I n t e r -R a il w a y

Team . C o m p e t itio n .

classes of the Alexandra D ocks were first formed in 1901, and the first examination for certificates of efficiency was held in 1902. In 1903 the Alexandra D ock Com pany entered their team for the Railway Challenge Shield Competition, and two years later gained the extra ordinary distinction, in so short a period, of reaching the top of the list of competitors for the first time. This success the C om pa n y ’s team was repeated in 1910, 1912, and the present year. On three other occasions the D ocks team has secured second place in the final, and in practically every year from 1904 to 1914 they have been in the final round. One result of the great successes of the D ocks com pe tition team has been the great interest taken in ambulance work by the Com pany’s employees generally, and since the classes were first formed about 150 men have gained first A m bu lan ce

year certificates, 75 second year vouchers, 60 have ob tained third year medallions, and about 50 have on one or more occasions obtained medallion labels, the latter being granted for successfully passing fourth and succeeding examination. T h e members of the Alexandra D ocks Team were :— D. C. Phillips (Captain), Hoist D ep a r tm en t: W. R. Minns, Police D e p a r tm e n t; J. Marshall and T . Marshall, Town D oc k ; C. G. Marshall, Workshops. B. Crocker, Traffic Department, was the reserve member of the team. J. Marshall, T . Marshall and C. G. Marshall are brothers, and all the male members of this family have always taken the deepest in ambulance work. T hree members of the team served with the Forces during the war.

June, 1920.

A ID . —

On arrival at Newport after their victory on the evening of Friday, May 14th, the team were welcomed by Mr. J. H. Vickery, the general manager of the Alexandra (Newport and South Wales) Docks and Railway Company, and were entertained at a gathering of the officials of the Company, Mr. V ickery occupying the chair, and being supported by Mr. J. L. Cheyne, accountant and secretary ; Colonel T. W. R. Pearson, D S C. (engineer), and other officers. Mr. Vickery, who has taken very great interest in, and given every encouragement to, the work of the ambulance classes generally, as well as to the preparation and training of the team, expressed his high appreciation of the honour that had been won and the ungrudging work and sacrifice of the members of the team and reserve. H e made special reference to the Captain (Mr. D. C. Phillips), who had been a member of the team on each occasion that the Shield had been won, and also to the work of the Centre Hon. Secretary (Police Sergeant Green), who was himself a former member of the team, and now assisted in instructing them. H e also referred with warm appreciation to the services rendered at all times throughout the year by those members of the staff who had qualified in first aid, and emphasised the importance and nobility of the work.

N .S .W .

Q overnm ent

R a ilw a y

an d

T r a m w a y A m b u l a n c e C orps. W e have received by last mail a copy of the annual report for 1919, in which the Committee state that the result of the year’s operations are satisfactory con sidering the adverse circumstances which operated against holding of classes. T h e restrictions issued in connection with the Pneu monic Influenza Epidemic completely upset the arrange ments which were made for the instruction of classes, the Challenge Shield and Dr. Woodward Memorial Medals Competitions and the C orps’ Annual Meeting for 1918. Early in April twenty-eight classes had to be cancelled, and about the middle of June, on the recrudensce of the epidemic with increased virulence, the arrangments to starting seventy-two classes had to be abandoned. T h e lifting of the epidemic restrictions about the middle of August permitted arrangements to start class meetings at about eighty of the principal stations or depots. O f these, fifty-one completed the course of instruction and underwent examination. T h e remainder did not com plete in coesequencee of irregular attendances, sickness, working overtime, staff changes, etc. Seven hundred and eighty-three members were successful at the examinations and many cases of efficient first aid were rendered during the year.

B y the desire of Lord Monson, President of the Lincoln County Centre of the St. John Am bulance Asso ciation, a considerable consignment of comforts was sent to Louth on the morning of the 21st of May for the relief of the sufferers from the flood. T h e consignment included blankets, sheets, pillow cases, pairs of socks, mattresses, bolsters, pillows and bedsteads, and was made doubly valuable by the promtitude with which it was despatched.

W hen corresponding w ith A d vertisers please m ention “ F irst Aid ”

—

June, 1920. CONTENTS

THIS

F I R S T

adopted by the Ministry of Pensions for the transport of

NUMBER.

all pensioner patients, a very considerable number of whom are periodically taken to hospitals for treatment.

E d it o r ia l—

First Aid Instruction in America... Joint Council’s Appeal ... ... D ist r ic t

... ...

... 177 ... 177

... ... ... ...

... 178 ... 179 ... 180 ... 180

R epo rts—

No. 1 ; No. 4 ... ... No. 5 ... ... ... No. 12 ... ... Florence Nightingale Medal... T h e S t . Jo h n

A m bu lan ce

... ... ... ...

G a zette—

Official Brigade Gazette... ... ... ... The Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England ... ... Women’s V.A.D . Notes and News ... ... Alexandra Dock Team ... ... ... ... N.S.W. Government Railway and Tramway Ambulance Corps... ... ... ... ... ... Brevities ... ... ... ... ... ... A New Stretcher Sling ... ... ... ... American Red Cross First Aid Instruction ... ... P r a c t ic a l

,182 183 183 184 184 185 186 186

P o in ts—

Treatment of Frostbite ... Multiple Minor Misfortunes Family Overcome by Fumes

... ... ...

... 187 ... 187 ... 187

...

... 187

R e v ie w s—

Primer of Tropical Hygiene Q u e r ie s

a n d

A n sw ers

t o

C o r r espo n d en ts—

Treatment of Morphia Poisoning ... ... Fractured Clavicle and Capillary Bleeding ... Alteration in Textbook ... ... ... ... Treatment of Alcoholic Collapse... ... ... Fractured Spine and Arterial Bleeding ... ... Crushed Hand and Arterial Bleeding ... ... Indications for Artificial Respiration ... ... Injuries to Internal Organs ... ... ... Wearing of Medals ... ... ... ... Home Office Order ... ... ... ... The Yorkshire Collieries Ambulance League Competition L etters

t o

t h e

188 188 188 188 188 188 189 189 189 189 189

E d it o r —

Alterations of Text Book

...

... iq 0

B r e v it ie s . T h e Motor Am bulance Service for England, Ireland and Wales, instituted by the Joint Committee; of the Red Cross, has now completed its first year’s work, and the report shows that the service has already proved itself very useful. Over 300 ambulances have been allotted under the scheme, and already 256 of these are at work. It is

intended that, as far as possible, the service shall be selfsupporting, and a charge is made for the use of the ambu lances, cases.

AID.—

which is, however, remitted in] necessitous T h e provision of these ambulances has met a

want that had become very urgent by supplying transport for the removal of the sick to hospitals and convalescent homes, in rural areas particularly. * # * A l t h o u g h the greater number of ambulances distri buted have been working for only a few months, the number of cases carried already exceeds 7,000. Every county has now its ambulance stations, and the number will be increased as the remaining ambulances allotted become available for distribution. T h e service has been

In addition to the ambulance stations in the counties, a central unit is being organised in L ond on to meet a need found to exist for cars to link up the work of the counties and to provide for the transport of cases between the railway termini. This unit, it is hoped, will be of service in supplying ambulances for patients entering and leaving nursing homes in London. *** Year by year the statistics of accidents to Great Western employees tend to strengthen our faith in the potency of the “ S a fe ty ” movement. It is nearly seven years ago that the C om pany com m enced their campaign for the encour agement of habits of care and watchfulness.

U p to that

time the number of personal injuries to the staff had, for a long time past, soared higher and higher every year. In deed, in 1 9 1 3 , the total was more than

120

per cent, greater

than seven years before. In August of 1 9 1 3 , the “ S a f e t y ” movement was commenced. G oo d results from these efforts were quickly manifest. T h e upward tendency in the number of accidents was not only arrested, but the first year after the campaign began witnessed a decrease o f over a hundred. Steadily, but surely, since that turning point, the number of personal injuries has continued to fall. Last year, the number, as compared for that for 1 9 1 3 , showed the substantial decrease of 1 , 2 2 5 . * ■ * * Dr. J. R. Garrood writing in the B r itish M edical Journal points out that the use of paraffin No. 7 in the treatment of burns and various forms of ulceration is well known, but it has occurred to him that ordinary hard paraffin would be an ideal first dressing for a burn through the protection it would afford and the complete absence of pain on removal. Paraffin candles, found in most houses, afford the material necessary, and it is simplicity itself to light the candle and allow the wax to gutter on to the burn. Attention must be given to several small points : T h e candle must be held at a fair distance— about 1 0 in.— so that the paraffin is not too hot when it falls upon the injured part, and it is well not to keep dropping on one place but to dodge about over the surface ; a mass of melted wax in one place is painlul. T h e dressing can be completed by putting a small piece of clean linen or cottonwool over the wax and dropping some more upon it. T h e heat of the burning candle seems to be sufficient to sterilise the wax, and, in any case, that paraffin is not a substance likely to afford much nourishment to m icro organisms. H e has tried this method in a number of cases and found no ill effects; perhaps the healing action is not quite so rapid as with paraffin No. 7, but the painlessness is equal.

186

— F I R S T

New

Stretch er

S lin g .

& B r a n s o n , L t d ., of 1 3 , Briggate, Leeds, have recently placed on the market a new stretcher sling, illustrations of which are shown herewith, and which will give the reader a good idea of its principal. M essrs. R eyn o ld s

This article is made of canvas web, is well finished, and is intended for hard wear, and should be found extremely useful if a stretcher has to be carried a consider able distance.

A m erican

Red

C ross

F irst

Aid

In stru ctio n . By

DR.

EDWARD

HUNTER,

AID.

—

June, 1920.

which are peculiarly liable to casualties. T o the truth of this statement employers of labour have borne ample testimony. T h e benefit of a widespread knowledge of First Aid in the event of a great disaster, such as a train wreck, an explosion, an earthquake, etc., is obvious. 'It often happens that the doctors available under such circum stances cannot meet the demand for their services, and laymen, who have had First Aid training, can render efficient assistance. M any lives may depend upon such emergency care. .The American R ed Cross First A id work includes the following activities:— 1.— T h e formation and conduct, through R e d Cross Chapters, of classes for instruction in A ccident Prevention and First A id to the Injured among men and women in all communities and in every industry. 2.— T h e introduction of courses of instruction in high schools and colleges. 3.— T h e creation of a volunteer reserve force of men, trained in First A id to the Injured, which will be qualified for duty with any R ed Cross organisations formed for service with the armed forces of the United States in time of war. 4.— T h e creation of a sanitary reserve for the Army and Navy, though the formation of Sanitary Training Detachments and instruction in the duties pertaining to the sanitary services of the Arm y and Navy. 5-— T h e stimulation of interest in and encouragement of proficiency in First A id methods through the promotion of First A id contests. 6.— T h e preparation of up-to-date books and other literature on First Aid and the designing and standardising of First Aid materials. 7-— Cooperation with other organisations in the dis semination of information on Accident Prevention and First A id methods.

Director, Bureau of First, American Red Cross, Washington, D .C .

Some

T h in g s

A lready

A m e r ic a n

purpose of instruction in First A id to the injured offered by the American R ed Cross is to train men and women to administer First Aid treatment promptly and intelligently when emergencies demand it. First A id treatment is not intended to take the place of a doctor’s services. A doctor should always be summoned, as a precautionary measure, where there is an injury of any consequence, but there are times when one cannot be secured and a few minutes’ delay may mean a fatality, in such a case, a person trained in First A id is invaluable not only to the individual but, through him, to the community in which he lives. Such training also fits a man for useful ness in great disasters. Every man or woman w ho is thus equipped becomes thereby a more helpful member of society. T here is, perhaps, no way of ascertaining the number and variety of accidents which occur in the home or the number of deaths or serious disablements which result from the lack of proper safeguards or prompt emergency treatment. It is safe to assert, however, that they number thousands daily. T here can be no doubt that the applica tion of First A id methods to each case would immeasur ably lighten the toll of suffering and death. T h e dissemination of First A id training and informa tion has already produced a far-reaching and beneficial influence in the prevention of accidents on railways, in mines, and in great industrial concerns, the employees of T he

A c c o m p l is h e d R ed

the

C ross.

In the latter part of 1 9 0 9 , authority for the establish ment and organisation of First A id work was granted by the governing body of the American R e d Cross. Its actual organisation dates from January 2nd, 1 9 1 0 . By the provision of an A c t of Congress, an officer is detailed from the Medical Corps of the United States Arm y for First A id work at National Headquarters, Washington, D.C . During the past eight years First Aid representatives of the Red Cross have been over almost all of the territory of the United States, the total distance travelled amounting to more than 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 miles. During this time 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 persons have received instruction in First A id to the Injured among railway employees alone. Doctors have been available for instruction, or for formative work in any given district or with certain industrial concerns under special financial arrangements with the R ed Cross. Frequently, the physicians of the staff have been loaned, under mutually agreeable conditions, to telephone companies, manufac tories, mines, lumber mills, quarries and other industries for the purpose of instructing their employees. A n enormous amount of First A id work has been done in the last year in the schools of the United States, one R e d Cross Division alone reporting that 1 0 ,4 0 0 teachers had taken First A id courses and 5,422 had received certificates entitling them to teach in the schools. A n organsation devoted to life-saving in the cities on

June, 1920.

— F I R S T

the coast, Great Lakes, and rivers of the U nited States was inaugurated on February 1st, 1914. This branch of the work, which is really “ Water First A id ,” is known as 11 T h e American R e d Cross Life-Saving Corps.” Expert life savers are on the staff of the R e d Cross and act as instructors and organisers of life-saving corps. Since its inception, local life-saving corps have been started in various sections of the United States and the membership is steadily increasing. W om en ’s Life-Saving Corps and Junior Life-Saving Crews are now organised under the R ed Cross auspices. T h e American R e d Cross is prepared to supply First A id books and equipment at reasonable prices. In a number of industrial plants, the equipment necessary for instruction in First Aid and Accident Prevention has been installed, and a complete First Aid Service organised. So many industrial concerns have requested the American R ed Cross to advise them about First Aid supplies that a number of kits have been standardised to meet the par ticular needs of the various industries, as well as those of everyday life. At the present time there are two house hold kits (large and small), and industrial, school, street, railroad and automobile kits, a pocket emergency outfit, and two other kits for general use, known as General U se A and B. Special kits have been furnished to the Bureau of Forestry of the United States Department of Agriculture and to the United States Coast Guard. ( To be continued.)

practical Joints. The Editor invites Notes on actual Cases — with special reference to good and bad tom ts in Treatment— ror inclusion in this Column.

T r eatm e n t

o f

F r o stb ite .

The following story, taken from The Household Physician, by M. Gregor Robertson, may prove interesting and instruc tive :— An Esquimau had his leg frozen above the knee joint; stiff, colourless, and to all appearances lifeless. He was placed in a snow house at a temperature of 20 degs. below zero F., the parts being bathed in ice cold water for about two hours. Then friction was used, first with the feathery side of a bird skin, then with snow, alternately wrapping the limb in furs, and rubbing it for nearly twenty-four hours. The limb was next carefully wrapped up and the tempera ture of snow house raised by lamps to a little above zero. On the third day the patient was taken to his house (in the Esquimoux houses there is often a temperature of 70 degs. or 80 degs, F.), and in seventy hours was walking about with only a slight frost bite on one of his toes. “ This case,” adds the narrator (Dr. Hayes) “ shows what can be accomplished with care and perseverance, even under the most adverse circumstances.— J. B., Bermondsey.

M u lt ip le

M in o r

AID. —

187

inflicted an incised wound of his left thumb. Becoming suspicious that worse might befall, he decided to go straight home, but at 5 p.m. he failed to clear a tube lift, the gates of which caught and bruised his right ankle. Finally, at 9 p.m„ as he crawled upstairs to bed, he trod on a tintack, which per forated his right foot and necessitated first-aid treatment by his wife. After these experiences he decided that wild horses would not drag him from bed, where he stayed for three days— to break his spell of misfortune.— B. C., Cambridge.

F a m ily

O verco m e

b y

F u m e s.

Recently a curious accident occurred. Through the fusing of an electric cable outside a house and consequent burning of bitumen-covering a steady flow of coal gas passed into the house where 9 persons were sleep'ng. The first intimation of danger was noted at 5 a.m. when the parents were awakened by peculiar noises made by their youngest child. Seeking the cause, the mother went downstairs and became dazed on start ing to come upstairs. She groped her way to the top ; but then fell and rolled unconscious to the ground floor. Meanwhile, the father was almost overcome but managed to rouse his eldest son who rushed to the younger children and got them out of the house before returning to rescue his parents. Father, mother and 6 children were removed to hospital in a serious condition but are all progressing favourably. The eldest son escaped any marked effect of the coal-gas.— D. M., Fleetstreet.

R e v ie w s . P R IM ER OF T R O P IC A L H Y G IE N E . By Colonel R.-J. Blackham, C.B., C.M.G., M.D., &c. 6th Edition. Dale, Reynolds & Co., Ltd., 46, Cannon-street, E .C .4. Price 2s. net. I f hygiene is the science which makes growth more perfect, decay less rapid, and life more vigorous, then Colonel Blackham’s Premier is the textbook which makes its study more interesting, its difficulties less marked, and its lessons more practical. The book has attained a great and well-deserved popularity throughout our Indian Empire and should find a place in the equipment of all First-Aiders who are proceeding to any locality situated within or near Tropics.

T h e second meeting of the Hospitallers’ Club, which has been formed with the object of promoting social inter course between officers of the Am b u lan ce Divisions of the Prince of Wales’ Corps St. John A m b ulan ce Brigade, was held on Friday, June n t h , at the Empire Cafe, L udgate Hill. After light Refreshments had been served a very pleasant evening was spent by the 30 members who were present. Mr. N. Burton, of 41, Queen-street, H a m m er smith, W.6, is the Hon. Secretary.

M is f o r t u n e s .

A friend recently put up in one day a record run of minor injuries afiectin^ a ll four limbs. On reaching his office door at 10 a m. he slipped down and sustained a severe abrasion of his left knee-cap which he treated with continuous cold appli cations. Limping into a restaurant at I p.m. for lunch, he again stumbled and sprained his left wrist, which he bound up firmly with a handkerchief. Returning to his office at 3 p.m he promptly ran a splinter of wood under his right thumbnail and had considerable difficulty in removing it. At 4 p.m., while sharpening his pencil his penknife closed unexpectedly and

F acto r y F ir s t A id A s s o c ia t io n . — A meeting of the Association was held at the Lond on C ham ber of C o m merce on June 3rd, Mr. N. Smith (Smith & Nephew, Ltd.), presiding. Mr. Mallinson. of the H o m e Office, attended the meeting at the invitation of the Committee, and an interesting discussion took place on the standardisation of National Health Insurance Dressings. It was decided that the Association co-operate with the H o m e Office to improve the standard of these dressings.

— F I R S T

Queries and .Answers Correspondents.

Queries w ill be dealt with under the following rules :— / .— Letters containing Queries must be marked on the top left hand corner of the envelope “ Query,” and addressed— F i r s t A i d , 46, Cannon-street, London, E .C 4. 2.— A ll Queries must be accompanied by a “ Query Coupon ” cut from the current issue of the Journal, or in case of Queries from abroad from a recent issue.

A I D . —

June, 1920.

lutely correct in his decisions. Bandaging the limb was cer tainly “ unnecessary” under the circumstances ; and you would be better employed in conveying such a patient to shelter at the earliest possible moment. This done, then, i f the patient failed to react to treatment, you might have recourse to bandag ing the limbs, which— though chiefly indicated in (and most valuable for) Collapse due to Haemorrhage— might also be of service in Collapse due to other causes. With reference to your other query, by making the patient vomit through regurgitation o f vomited matter add asphyscia to his other troubles and so make sure of his speedy departure to another world !— N. C. F.

F r actu r e d

0. — The Textbook, to which lejerenct may be made in ihtse columns, is the Revised (79/9) Edition o f S .J .A .A . M anual o f F itsl-A id .

T r eatm e n t

o f

M o r p h ia

P o iso n in g .

(Redcliffe).— A man suffering from Morphia Poisoning by Hypodermic injection is at the point of death. All the Textbook instructions have been carried out, apparently without avail. What more remains to be done ? Would rectal injections of strong coffee (advised in Sick Berth Manual) assist.

Carry on and keep carrying on with your Textbook instructions, more especially in view of Principle No. 1 (p. 24). Unfortunately there is a limit to First-Aid as to Medical assistance : but your course is clear. There is no special value in rectal injections of coffee except as an extra method of stimulation which is free from risk. —N. C o r b e t F l e t c h e r .

F r a ct u r e d

C la v ic le

a n d

C a p il l a r y

B l e e d in g .

H. M. (Ross) asks for treatment of Fractured Cavicle— with bone protruding and capillary bleeding. Expose part freely. Dress wound with antiseptic precau tions and control bleeding. Then fix fracture as best you may under the given circumstances— modifying your treatment in accordance with Surroundings (p. 20) and special instruc tions (p. 21. d.) and avoiding movements which might cause extension of fracture (p. 49) or displacement of fragments.— N. C. F.

A lt e r a tio n s

T ex tb o o k .

(Tufnell Park).— Have you noticed that, though the correction is not in the official list of alterations, the signs and symptoms of Internal Hmmorrhage in the 35th edition of the Textbook are now set out in their correct sequence, as suggested in your article on Practical Points from Textbook ?

S p in e a l

A r te r ia l

a n d

B le e d in g .

W. B. (Wolverhampton).— In a recent competition we lost marks because with Fractured Spine and bleeding from lower end of Femoral Artery, we did not elevate limb. Examiners differ on this point and we desire your opinion. Much depends on position of fracture of spine. In view, however, of the immediate and urgent danger to life asso ciated with the arterial bleeding I favour the decision of your examiner and consider that the limb should be raised, but with great care and deliberation on account of possible injury to spinal cord.— N. C. F.

F r actu r e

o f

R ib s

a n d

T h ig h ,

W. B. (Wolverhampton).— With simple Fractures of Ribs and Thigh (both injuries on same side) you have recently laid it down that if we treat the thigh, the ribs “ will look after themselves.” Does this advice hold good if the Fractured Ribs are associated with (and complicated by) injury to lungs? In a recent competition we applied an outside splint from pelvis to foot and were penalised for so doing. Certainly not. With this complication the long outside splint would handicap seriously the movements of chest and (act of breathing) your discrimination should teach you to concentrate on the treatment of Concealed (internal) haemorrhage. On this point also, therefore, I uphold the decision of your judge, who required treatment of lung injury and was content with tying limbs together at knees and ankles. At the same time I cannot quarrel with your short outside splint except that you wasted some valuable minutes which, in view of the grave condition of patient, would have been better employed in removing him to hospital.- N. C. F.

Yes— but six errors (some peculiar to the 35th edition) still await revision. Can you tabulate the series ?— N. C. F.

T r eatm e n t

o f

A lc o lic

C o llapse.

S. T. (Wath).— In a recent Practice Test we had to treat a man discovered in the street early one morning suffering from profound Alcholic Collapse. W e treated the collapse by bandaging the limbs from their extremities upwards to body, and endeavoured to remove the cause (i.e., alcohol) by making patient vomit. On both points our instructor over-ruled us by deciding that the former step was un necessary unless bleeding was present (or suspected) and that the litter should not be attempted until patient had so far recovered that he was able to swallow. Your ruling on these points will be greatly appreciated.

The facts being as stated, then your Instructor was abso

C rush ed

H an d

a n d

A r te r ia l

B le e d in g

H. P. (Ryton).— At a recent examination I had to treat a Crushed Hand complicated by a severed Palmar Arch. Cutting a wine-cork in two pieces I applied these as pads to lower ends of Radial and Ulmar arteries which I com pressed with a narrow i bandage to control bleeding. I then applied a clean dressing and cotton-wool, secured the hand, when dressed, to a padded splint as laid down in Textbook (p. 62), and placed forearm in St. John sling. The doctor disagreed and said that, although hand was crushed, the injury should have been treated as in Text book (p. 96) for bleeding from Palmar Arches. I shall welcome your opinion. The choice of treatment depends on your examinei’s inter pretation of “ Crushed Hand.” If he meant fracture of metacapal bones only, then his way was the better, because the clenched hand keeps these bones at [rest. If, however, he in cluded the phalanges, then I would prefer your method, which merits praise because you exercised your Qualifications as a First-Aider and modified the General Rules of Fractures and Htemorrhage in accordance with General Principles.— N. C. F.

— FIRST

June, 1920. I n d ica t io n s

A r t if ic ia l

f o r

My sympathy is with you in your difficulty which should never have arisen. Cessation of respiration is the indication for artificial respiration. Frankly I consider that none of the four instructions named give the correct idea : and that your best plan is to combine the first two and last, when you get— “ i f breathing is seen to be failing or cannot be discerned" Of course you realise that artificial respiration cannot be carried out during a convulsion.— N. C. F.

In t e r n a l

t o

O r g an s.

D. S. (Llanelly).— The Revised Textbook (p. 211) states that for Injuries to Kidneys and Bladder “ co ld ” should be applied. The old books recommend “ hot fomentations.” W hy use cold in preference to heat ? The point is not important because (1) heat and cold produce the same result and (2) the patient’s comfort (and wishes) con trol the situation and choice of application. I presume that the change is the result of the desire on the part of the Com mittee of Revision to be consistent and to establish the general rule of using cold applications first after injury.— N. C. F.

W ea r in g

o f

M ed a ls.

R.A.M.C.— You should wear your medals in two rows, the first starting 4 in. from the lower edge of the collar and 3 in. from the centre of chest. — E d . “ F. A.”

H om e

O ffice

O r d er s.

W P. (Lancs.)— W e should call a qualified person one who passes a re-examination each year. W e believe the Home Office intend having a trained nurse in factories employing more than 500 workpeople which are governed by their Orders relating to Ambulance Equipment'— E d . “ F. A.”

The

Y o r k sh ir e League

189

R e sp ir a t io n .

J. L. (Tufnell Park).— The Textbook rather puzzles me with reference to indications for Artificial Respiration. Thus, with Convulsions (p. 147) it reads “ i f breathing is seen to be fa ilin g " ; with Prussic Acid (p. 157), “ even ifbt eathing has not ceased ” ; with Strychnine (p. 157), “ whether breath ing has ceased or n o t " ; and in General Rules for Poisons (p. 186). l\ if breathing cannot be discerned or is failin g " I recommend this muddle to the Sub-Commitee, when its members undertake the next revision of the Textbook.

In ju r ies

AID.—

Collieries

final round of the League competitions was held on May 29th. T h e Ack ton Hall team secured the “ W o o d ” shield, the blue riband of Colliery ambulance teams in th ; C ounty of Yorkshire. T h e judges were Dr. Fell, of York, and Dr. Gray, of Hartlepool, who experienced some difficulty in deciding the winners, owing to the very close marking of the Rotherham Main Team, which was placed second. T h e final results were delared as follows :— Ackton Hall, 235 marks. Rotherham Main, 230^ marks. Allerton, 196 marks. Mitchells Main, 180J- marks. T he

W H EN CORRESPONDING W IT H A D V E R TISERS PLEASE MENTION “ FIRST AID."

AID

FIRST By

DR.

AID.

ANDREW

W IL S O N .

A w o r k that justifies its claim to be an epitome of all that specialised medical and surgical knowledge necessary for First Aiders, as well as an authoritative manual or reference on all information relating to Health and Disease, is a work to be welcomed by all our readers who wish to study their subject more deeply than is possible from superficial text books. In “ T h e Modern Physician,” by Dr. Andrew Wilson, fullest space is devoted to “ First A id ” and Am b u lan ce Work. In respect of completeness, accuracy of description and wealth of illustration, “ T h e Modern P h y s ic ia n ” stands without a rival amongst the works published on this im portant subject. It is scientifically accurate and reliable without being d u l l ; the name of its editor, so long and popularly known as an expositor of Health laws and a teacher of Hygiene, is a guarantee of this. Th is work is absolutely complete as regards Health and Disease. As a knowledge of the body in Health is necessary to the due understanding of the body when its functions are deranged by disease, a description of every part of the frame will be found here. T h e skeleton, muscles, digestive system, heart and lungs, brain and nervous system, organs of sense, skin, kidneys and the bod y’s microscopic structure are duly described. In this connection the illustrations are of particular value, the “ mannikins ” or dummies more especially ; in these the organs are made to overlap each other exactly as they do in the human body. T h e section devoted to H ygiene includes the full exposition of the Laws of Health, and special attention is devoted to Physical Culture. Such topics as foods, beverages, air, exercise, clothing, sleep, baths, holidays temperament, &c., are treated in this section. T h e last volume is especially devoted to the Health of Women, and Dr. Wilson has here been assisted by a number of eminent women physicians. Midwifery and the treatment and Diseases of Infants are here fully dealt with.

A m b ulan ce

C o m p e titio n s .

GREAT

ONE

MANY

O P IN IO N S

M r. J . D A N IE L , K e n t A v e n u e , A s h f o r d , w r i t e s “ Its all-rou nd e xcellen ce m akes it a v alu able acqu isition . T h e section d ea lin g w ith am bu lan ce w o rk is esp ecia lly go o d . T h e b ook is w ritten in splen did style and the illu stration s are first rate. The m ethod o f paym en t places it w ithin the reach o f a ll.”

A TO

THE

FR EE CAXTON

BO O K LET.

P U B L ISH IN G

COM PANY,

L t d .,

83 , S u r r e y S t r e e t , L o n d o n , W . C . 2 . Plaa se send me, F r e e o f C h a r g e and without a n y obligation on m y part •— Illustrated Bo o kl et o f “ T h e M o d e r n P h y s i c i a n . "

Name........................................................... ( S w d this F or m on a Postcard.)

Address.....................................

— F I R S T

AID. —

Experience as an ambulance N.C.O. of 12 years’ standing, in the R.A.M.C. during the late war, and in possession of a good record for attending accidents on the works, teaches me that a patient should— everywhere and at all times— have first consideration. Plus page 20, lines 18 and 19. According to the Textbook— 2 “ Stand to Stretcher.” The completion of the movement finds the bearers 1, 2, 3, 4 behind one another. Personally, I think the completion of the move ment should find 1, 2, 3 behind one another, but 4 on the right of and opposite 1. The Textbook is all right where in close formation, but when as an individual squad why waste time, and if in an accident or competition you are that much nearer to your patient. 4 “ Collected wounded'’ and 5 Lower stretcher.— Prepare stretcher. Again, to my mind, according to the Textbook, there is room for improvement. When halted one pace from head of patient “ after doubling,” why stop to give orders— “ Lower stretcher ”— “ Prepare stretcher.” The patient should be the first consideration. He may need every assistance. I think the better way would be, 1, 3 halt one pace from head of patient, 5 proceed to patient on patient’s right, assisted by 2 on patient’s left. During the movement 1, 3 lowers stretcher and approaches patient’s left, 1 on 2’s left, and 3 on 2’s right, unless ordered otherwise by 4. Lines 15 and 16, page 110, referring to 1, 3, says : “ If required to assist 2, 4, they will proceed to the patient ” (Fig. 85). Is this not valuable time lost ? I am rather inclined to say it would be much more reasonable for it to read something like this : “ When available 4 will instruct 1, 3 to prepare and test stretcher.”— Yours, &c.,

£etters to the Sditor. tVe are in no way responsible for the opinions expressed, or the statements made, by Correspondents.— E d i t o r , E t c .

ALTER ATIO N S D ear

J u n e , 1920

TEXTBOOK.

S i r ,—

I have recently been perusing the 35th edition, 1920, of the “ St. John Ambulance First Aid to the Injured.” Surely, is it not time we had a “ real new edition ” and not a repetition of the old one so much ? True, many new features are appearing in each successive issue, and so are many of the old ones appearing, too, that bring with them no ad vantages. For instance, page 17, par. 1. How many editions back can “ forty years ” and “ million men and women” be found? Yet how “ many years” has passed, and how “ many men and women” gained their certificates since that paragraph first appeared. Whilst recognising (personally) the wide area that “ neigh b our” covers, I think a more fitting word can be found, for we stqp at no one. I had really hoped to have found more up-to-date plates, seeing we have now a new uniform. I think, Sir, you will agree with me that, with rare exceptions, we never see an am bulance man with leggings on, unless we look up pages 181, 184, 189, 190. The absence of “ improved slings” is to be regretted, see ing the intending first-aider depends so much on the textbook for information. Figs. 52 and 59, page 138, would convey the true idea much clearer if they were the other way— viz., face up, seeing we are considering possibilities that may happen to a person laying on the back. Next, turn to page 168 (Fig. 73), look at the size of the hand in comparison to the rest of the body. Ah, yes ! I know it’s the “ idea” the artist is trying to convey, but there are other “ ideas” created in the mind by such poor artistic work, that “ the ” idea is crowded out. Page, 137, lines 9 and 10, “ Twelve times a minute,” and page 140, lines 6, 21 and 22, “ About fifteen times a minute.” Why vary the movement, and why “ about” in one case and not another. Ideas suggesting means whereby patients can be got up from wells, etc., where the ordinary stretcher is not properly suitable would be an advantage to students ; for instance, the “ The Lowmoor Jacket.” Of course, we older members know some of these ideas, but it’s the “ aspiring novice ” that looks to the textbook for ideas. I do not think that Exercise 1, of Stretcher Exercise, page 178 and so on, is as correct as it might be.

“ P r i o r y -y - C \ \ m r i , a m

B y t h .”

Part 4 of “ A n Historical Roll of those Women of the British Empire to whom the Military Medal has been Awarded during the Great War ” has now been published at i s . It can be obtained from Messrs. Sir W. C. Leng and Co., Ltd., High-street, Sheffield. T h e wonderful painting by Mr. H orace V an Ruith, entitled “ Nurse Cavell or the Scraps of Paper,” is on exhibition at the College of Ambulance, 56, Queen Annestreet, Cavendish-square, W. 1. This wonderful allegorical painting (recently painted by the artist when partially blind) was inspected by H . R . H . D u k e of Connaught recently who purchased two of Mr. V a n R u ith’s earlier works. When corresponding with Advertisers please men tion “ First Aid-”

F irst-A id

Equipment to

H om e O ffice

Regulation.

The E X C E L No. 1. CABIN ET, Price complete, with Metal Caddies = Ditto, with Cardboard Caddies = CATALOGUE

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F I R S T

A ID

191

S p o r t s in ju r ie s A

bruises, sprains, stiff and swollen joints yield readily to treatment with IODEX.

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m o r e

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This evidence is supported by testi monials from members of the faculty who have prescribed Hall’s Wine with gratifying results in -cases of nervous breakdown and prostration after illness.

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192

- F I R S T

T R O P I C A L F I R S T AID, H O M E N U R S IN G & HOME H Y G IE N E P U B L IC A T IO N S

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COLLEGE,

P O ST A L INSTRUCTION In “ PRESCRIPTION RE AD IN G ” and “ ELEMENTARY DISPENSING.” Everyone engaged in FIRST AID work should take up ne above Courses at once. A member ox S.J.A.B. writes:— “ I feel deeply indebted tor the courses of instruction received, have often wanted to take such courses, but could never find where to get such.” (T.B.) S p e cia l te r m s n o w — half fees— to members of S.J.A.B., &c. A p p l y (s tamp) to M r . J. E . W a l d e n , Sec., Westminster Co ll ege ( L a d y Dispensers Section o f the Westminster C ol le ge of C he m ist ry and Ph a rm a c y, estd. 1874),

I 12 , S t . O e o r g e ’s R oad , S o u t h w a r k . L o n d o n .

MERCY.

O U N D E D in 1899, the League seeks to promote the objects of the King Edward Hospital Fund by enrolment of Members who endeavour to secure every year 20 subscribers of one shilling upwards (termed Associates). Readers are invited to co-operate with other First-Aiders, and join the Wanderers Branch of which Col. R. J. Blackham, C.B., is President, and to address applications to Corbet Fletcher, Esq., 166, Haverstock-hill, N.W.3.

A ID

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3 3 5 , H i g h H o l b o r n , L o n d o n , W .C .I., O all who aspire to become Sanitary, Factory, Food, Weights and Measures Inspectors, Health Visitors, Maternity and Child Welfare Workers, Dispensers, Reliev ng Officers, Private Secretaries, Bank, Insurance, Labour Exchange Clerkships and other official appointments. Most successful personal and postal preparation obtainable. For illustrated guide, write the Secretary. Special courses are given on Home Nursing and First Aid, Surgical Nursing, Hygiene, Anatomy and Physiology For real help and sound guidance the College stands unique. Established 1885. A unique course of Memory Training is presented to each student free of cost.

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NOTES

ON By

P o st fr e e 7d.

FIRST S id n ey

AID H.

SIMPLIFIED,

Lam b.

A Handbook in a tabulated and simplified form giving the main points in first aid, so arranged as to impress them on the memory of the student DA LE , R EY N O L D S & C O ., L t d . , 4 6 , C a n n o n S t . , L O N D O N , E , C . 4 .

QUERY

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J u n e , 1920.