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The re aso n f o r t he dif f e re nc e s be t we e n t he rulings o f t he To rah and o f t he Qur’aan
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A cent ral belief of bot h Islam and Judaism is t he belief in one God and t he prohibit ion of t he worship of idols. T he main dif f erence bet ween t hese t wo purely monot heist ic religions is t he book of each religion, t he Koran and t he Torah. How do t he t eachings of t he Koran dif f er f rom t he t eachings of t he Torah. Praise be t o Allaah. First ly: We welcome you t o our websit e and we ask Allah t o help us t o present usef ul inf ormat ion t o you, and t hat t his will be benef icial t o you in bot h spirit ual and worldly t erms. » Does carrying a child on whom there is some najaasah
Secondly: If you are speaking about t he Judaism t hat was prescribed by God and t he PDFmyURL.com
Torah t hat God revealed, t hen Islam and Judaism are agreed – as you said – on t he worship of God alone, wit h no part ner or associat e, and on t he prohibit ion of worshipping anyt hing or anyone else, no mat t er what it is. Similarly, t hey are agreed on mat t ers of belief in t he Prophet s and Messengers, t he Last Day, t he Reckoning, Paradise, Hell… and so on. But when it comes t o rulings such as what is permissible and what is prohibit ed, and t he det ails of act s of worship, t his is where Islam dif f ers f rom Judaism and t he Qur’an dif f ers f rom t he Torah. God, may He be exalt ed, says in t he Holy Qur’an (int erpret at ion of t he meaning): “To each among you, We have prescribed a law and a clear way”[al-Maa’idah 5:48]. So each nat ion has it s own laws concerning what is permit t ed and what is f orbidden, as it has it s own act s of worship by which it worships Allah. Our Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) gave t he likeness of t he agreement of all t he Prophet s on t he basic mat t er of religion, which is af f irmat ion of t he Oneness of God (Tawheed), belief s and worship of God alone, wit h no part ner or associat e, and t he dif f erences bet ween t heir laws, when he said: “T he Prophet s are half -brot hers; t heir mot hers dif f er but t heir religion is one.” Narrat ed by al-Bukhaari and Muslim. Half -brot hers ref ers t o brot hers f rom t he same f at her, wit h dif f erent mot hers. So t he basis of t he religion of t he Prophet s is one, namely af f irmat ion of t he Oneness of God (Tawheed), and worshipping God wit h no part ner or associat e, but t he det ails of laws and rulings is what is dif f erent . And t his is what is in accordance wit h wisdom. Adam (peace be upon him) had a law t hat was suit ed t o him and his children, and was suit ed t o t he t ime in which he lived. In his law – f or example – a brot her could marry his sist er, because it was not possible t o perpet uat e t he f amily and produce of f spring at t hat t ime in any ot her way. T hen as t ime passed, t he laws changed t o suit t he new nat ions and new t imes. Hence in t he laws of t he Jews it is f orbidden f or a brot her t o marry his sist er, even t hough t hat was permit t ed in t he law of Adam. For Jacob (peace be upon him), all kinds of f ood were permissible and he was t he one who f orbade some t hings t o himself , and t hose prohibit ions became ent renched and became a law f or him and his children. Concerning t hat God, may He be exalt ed, says in t he Holy Qur’aan (int erpret at ion of t he meaning): PDFmyURL.com
“All f ood was lawf ul t o t he Children of Israel, except what Israel made unlawf ul f or himself bef ore t he Taurat (Torah) was revealed” [Aal ‘Imraan 3:93]. T hen came t he law of Jesus (peace be upon him), which was more lenient t han t he law of Moses. God permit t ed t o t he Christ ians (t he f ollowers of t he Messiah, peace be upon him) some t hings t hat had been f orbidden in t he law of Moses. Concerning t his God, may He be exalt ed, t ells us t hat Jesus (peace be upon him) said (int erpret at ion of t he meaning): “and t o make lawf ul t o you part of what was f orbidden t o you” [Aal ‘Imraan 3:50]. T hen came t he law of t he Qur’aan, t he law of Muhammad (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) which also dif f ered f rom previous laws in some rulings, as had happened bef ore t hat in t he case of Judaism and Christ ianit y. Because t he law of t he Qur’aan is t he f inal law t hat will abide unt il t he Day of Resurrect ion, it is t he most complet e of laws, t he best and t he most lenient , and in it is f lexibilit y t hat is suit ed t o all t imes and places unt il t he Hour begins. T his is t he reason f or t he dif f erences bet ween t he rulings of t he Torah and t he rulings of t he Qur’aan, as t he Torah was specif ically f or t he Children of Israel alone, and it s rulings were not meant t o be permanent and ongoing unt il t he Day of Resurrect ion. Alt hough most of t he rulings of t he Torah remained in ef f ect af t er t hat in Christ ianit y, and only dif f ered in making permissible some t hings t hat had been f orbidden, t he rulings of t he Torah, and t he Gospel af t er it , were limit ed in t erms of t ime and all of t hat came t o an end at t he appoint ed t ime, which was t he coming of t he Prophet Muhammad (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him). A covenant had been t aken f rom t he Prophet s who came bef ore him t hat if he was sent when any of t hem were st ill alive, t hey would abandon what ever t hey had and f ollow him. God, may He be exalt ed, says (int erpret at ion of t he meaning): “And (remember) when Allah t ook t he Covenant of t he Prophet s, saying: ‘Take what ever I gave you f rom t he Book and Hikmah (underst anding of t he Laws of Allah, et c.), and af t erwards t here will come t o you a Messenger (Muhammad (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)) conf irming what is wit h you; you must , t hen, believe in him and help him.’ Allah said: ‘Do you agree (t o it ) and will you t ake up My Covenant (which I conclude wit h you)?’ T hey said: ‘We agree.’ He said: ‘T hen bear wit ness; and I am wit h you among t he wit nesses (f or t his).’ T hen whoever t urns away af t er t his, t hey are t he Fasiqoon (rebellious: t hose who t urn away f rom Allah’s Obedience).” PDFmyURL.com
[Aal ‘Imraan 3:81-82]. T he law of t he Qur’aan dif f ers f rom all t he laws t hat came bef ore it in t hat it is suit able f or all kinds of people at all t imes unt il t he end of t his world. But if you were t alking about t he Torah as it exist s now, t hen we have no choice but t o t ell you of what we really believe – even if t hat may upset you – but we hope t hat you have st rong reason and sound t hinking t hat will help you t o dist inguish bet ween t rut h and f alsehood, and t hat t his may mot ivat e you t o invest igat e f urt her unt il you reach t he t rut h. T his t rut h is t hat t he Torah as it exist s t oday is not t hat which God sent down t o Moses (peace be upon him). Rat her it has been dist ort ed in all ways, adding, subt ract ing and changing t he meaning. T his is not t he place t o expand upon t his t opic; we are just ref erring t o it in t he hope t hat t his might mot ivat e you t o enquire f urt her. T he Torah as it exist s t oday cont ains mat erial t hat one must be cert ain is not t he words of God; rat her it is dist ort ions int roduced by t hose who at t ribut ed it f alsely t o God, may He be exalt ed. For example: -1It cont ains t he ascript ion of short comings t o t he Lord, may He be glorif ied and exalt ed, and likens Him t o creat ed beings. For example, t hey say t hat God wrest led wit h Jacob f or an ent ire night , t hen Jacob overpowered Him! And t hey say t hat God regret t ed having creat ed mankind when He saw t heir disobedience, and He wept unt il His eyes became swollen, t hen t he angels came t o visit Him and comf ort Him. Exalt ed be God f ar above what t he wrongdoers say. -2It cont ains insult s and slander against t he Prophet s. For example, t hey say t hat t he Prophet of God Aaron made a calf and worshipped it along wit h t he Children of Israel. And t hey say t hat Lot drank wine unt il he became drunk, t hen he commit t ed incest wit h his t wo daught ers, one af t er t he ot her! And t hey say t hat Solomon (peace be upon him) apost at ised at t he end of his lif e and worshipped idols, and built t emples f or t hem. PDFmyURL.com
-3It includes exaggerat ions, impossible t hings and cont radict ions. Among t he books t hat have been writ t en on t his t opic are “What is t he Origin of Man?” and “T he Bible, t he Qur’aan and Science” by t he French scient ist and medical doct or Maurice Bucaille, in which he proved t he exist ence of scient if ic errors in t he Torah and Gospel, and at t he same t ime he proved t hat t here are no cont radict ions in t he Qur’aan even wit h modern science and scient if ic f act s. He says in t he int roduct ion t o his second book (p. 29): “It was in a t ot ally object ive spirit , and wit hout any preconceived ideas t hat I f irst examined t he Qur’anic Revelat ion. I was looking f or t he degree of compat ibilit y bet ween t he Qur’anic t ext and t he dat a of modern science. I knew f rom t ranslat ions t hat t he Qur’an of t en made allusion t o all sort s of nat ural phenomena, but I had only a summary knowledge of it . It was only when I examined t he t ext very closely in Arabic t hat I kept a list of t hem at t he end of which I had t o acknowledge t he evidence in f ront of me: t he Qur’an did not cont ain a single st at ement t hat was assailable f rom a modern scient if ic point of view. I repeat ed t he same t est f or t he Old Test ament and t he Gospels, always preserving t he same object ive out look. In t he f ormer I did not even have t o go beyond t he f irst book, Genesis, t o f ind st at ement s t ot ally out of keeping wit h t he cast -iron f act s of modern science.” Based on t hat , we have t wo reasons why t he Torah as it exist s now dif f ers f rom t he Qur’aan: 1. 2.
Dif f erences in t he laws of t he Prophet s Dist ort ion t hat crept int o t he Torah and t he t ampering t hat happened t o it wit h t he passage of t ime.
We ask God t o show us t he t rut h as t rut h and enable us t o f ollow it , and t o show us f alsehood as f alse and enable us t o avoid it . And Allah knows best .
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