Eternal Security of the Believe by Myanmar Christian Online Library

,HMk unfo\ l xm0& vHNk cHKrI

(Eternal Security of the Believer)

by Douglas Hammett P-1

Translated in Burmese - 2009

Copyright 2002 Revised 2008 This book is copyrighted only to protect the authorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s right to his own work. Any part of this work may be quoted without the authorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s permission. All he asks is that proper credit be given and it be taken in context.

2 P-2

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ed'gef; xm0& vHNk cKH r\ I ta&;Bu;D rI crnf;awmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrlcsuf om;awmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrlcsuf 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrlcsuf xm0&vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,f&ef oifvyk af qmif&rnfh tqdjk yKcsurf sm;

3 P-3

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

Muygonf odrYk [kwf igwdo Yk nf EIwu f ywfawmfxüJ bk&m;ocif rnfoYdk rdefYawmfrlonfudk ,HkMunfEkdifMuygonf/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif bufü &yfaeonf[k oift h m; ajymjy&ef uReaf wmfr&Suaf Mumufyg/ igwdo Yk nf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufjcif;rSm bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl; awmfaMumifhom jzpfygonf/ igwdkYonf taMumif;&if; wpfcktwGuf u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufcJhMuNyD; jzpfygonf/ igwdkYonf tjypfxJodkY oGm;&aomtcGiEhf iS hf igwdt Yk vd&k &dS m rnfonfeh nf;ESirhf qdk touf&iS &f aomtcGihf igwdüYk r&Syd g/ igwd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;udk tjypfvyk &f ef vIid pf if wpfcu k o hJ Ykd igwdt Yk oH;k rjyKEidk yf g/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif; &vQif bk&m;ocifonf rdryd nwfawmfukd oif\ pdwEf v S ;kH om;xJü a&;rSwf awmfryl gonf/ oifonf tjypfjyKaomtcg? xkt d jypftm;jzifh oifzsm;em ygvdrfhrnf/ xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf bk&m;ocif\ om;wdüYk &So d nfh taumif;qH;k aom owif;pum; jzpfygonf/ tjcm;aomolwo Ykd nf aea&mifatmufü rnfonfhtaMumif;t&mudkrqdk ajymqkdEkdifMuygonf/ olwdkYonf aumif;uifodkY oGm;&rnfhtaMumif;udk aocsmodapEkdif&ef vlwdkYtm; uRefawmf ajymjyEkdifzdkYtvdk&Sdonf/

ed'gef; ,HMk unfo\ l xm0&vHNk cKH rI Mo0g'onf tvGef ta&;Bu;D aom Mo0g' wpfcjk zpfygonf/ xdt k &mrSm tqifajyatmif aphpyfvyk , f í l r&aom Mo0g' wpfcjk zpfNy;D ? bmESirhf Q a&mpyfí r&Edik yf g/ xkt d &mrSm igwkYd ,Hk Munfí oGeo f ifaomt&mrsm;rSwpfcjk zpfNy;D {0Ha*vdw&m;ESihf tvGef yif,Sufvdrfí aeygonf/ xkdt&mudk jiif;y,fjcif;onf bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd jiif;y,fjcif;vnf; jzpfygonf/ tu,f í oifonf xm0& vHNk cHKrIukd jiif;y,fygu bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmf tm;jzifh igwkYd u,fwifjcif; &&Scd MhJ uonfukd azmfjyaom or®musr;f pmudk oifEIwf,loGm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ c&pf,mef tdrfaxmifrdom;pk xJodkY arG;zGm;vmjcif;jzpfaom aMumifh uReaf wmf\ ,HMk unfrrI sm;tm;jzifh uReaf wmfa&mufvmcJo h nf r[kwfyg/ uRefawmfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufaomtcg uRefawmf\ ,HMk unfrrI sm; tm;vH;k udk bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfrS ydik ;f jcm;vm cJhygonf/ uReaf wmf\ twdwu f kd ,HMk unfrrI sm;rS r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmf onf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk ,Hk Munfonfjzpf&m cyfodrf; aomt&mwdkY udk ab;rEdkif&ef tvdk &Sd cJ h ygonf/ uRefawmfbmudk ,HMk unfonfukd oHo,r&Sb d J odvckd hJygonf/ ]]xm0&bk&m; rdeaYf wmfrl \}}[lí xkwfazmfEdkif&ef uRefawmftvdk&SdcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd avhvmjcif;rS arG;zGm;vm cJo h nf jzpf&m bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf rSomvQif oift h m; uReaf wmf a0iSjcif; jzpfygonf/ þMo0g'rSm pmoifcef;xJ (odrYk [kw)f we*FaEGaeY usrf;pm oifaom tcef;xJü arG;zGm;vmcJhjcif;r[kwfyg/ xdkt&mrSm uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd zGií hf þtaMumif; t&may:ü bk&m;ocif rnfonfht&mudk rdefYawmfrlonfudk tpjyK avhvmjcif;jzifh uReaf wmf vufcH &&Scd ahJ om wpfpw kH pf&m taMumif; jzpfygonf/

*****

93 P-4

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igwdkYonf xm0&vHkNcHKrIü xkduJhodkYaom BuD;rm;onfh aqG;aEG; oHk;oyfrIudk tb,faMumifh jyKMu&ygoenf;/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIonf bk&m;ocifESifh BuD;rm;aomaygif;zGJUjcif;udk jyKygonf/ udk,fawmfhtm; bke;f xif&mS ;apygonf/ igwdo Yk nf xm0&vHNk cKH r\ I txl;jyKru I kd BuKd ;pm; rmefwufaqmif&u G &f ygonf/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf uGv J jJG cm;em;atmif ajymqdkaomolwdkY onf igwdkY\ urÇmavmuxJü &Sdaeygaomfvnf; xm0&vHNk cKH ro I nf ta&;ygonf[k bk&m;ocif xifrw S af wmfr\ l / tu,fí olwkdYonf xm0&vHkNcHKrIudk jiif;y,fMuonf&Sdaomf &,fzG,faumif;aom tqkdjyKcsufajcmufckwdkYudk igwdkYMunfh½IcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ ,ckwGif igwdkYonf a&G;cs,frIwpfckudk csefoGm;&ygrnf/ igwdo Yk nf xk&d ,fz, G af umif;aom tqdjk yKcsuaf jcmufcw k u Ykd kd ,HMk unfEidk f

,HMk unfo\ l xm0& vHNk cKH rq I ikd &f mMo0g'rSm oifu,fwifjcif;odYk wpfBudrfwpfcg a&muf&Sd oGm;cJhonfwGif oifonf umvtpOftNrJ u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; ,HkMunfjcif;jzpfygonf/ vlwpfO;D onf wpfBurd f 'kw, d arG;jcif;udk cHcNhJ y;D ? bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk xJoYkd xm;&Scd NhJ y;D ygu? olonf tarGukd rqH;k ½I;H Edik yf g/ aemifvnf; qH;k ½I;H oGm;vdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ tu,fí yk*¾dKvfwpfyg;onf xdkt&mxuf tjcm;aom rnfonfht&m wpfckckudk ,HkMunfygu bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfaMumifh u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufonfr[kw?f ol\ tusihf tm;jzifh u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufonf[k ,HMk unfjcif;om jzpfygonf/ u,fwifjcif;rSm ,HMk unfaomtm;jzifh aus;Zl; awmfaMumifh &&So d nf/ tusifhtm;jzifh &&Sdonfr[kwf? odkY jzpfí tb,folrQ 0g<um;p&m tcGirhf &S[ d k igwkt Yd m; oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ ({zuf 2;8-9) atmufygyHkjyifudk qifjcifyg/ vlESpfa,mufwkdYtm; pD;yGm;a&; nDvmcHodkY wufa&muf&ef Midwest United State rS New York NrKd UawmfoYdk apvTwjf cif; cHchJMuygonf/ olwYdk \emrnfrmS Pentecostal Pete ESifU Baptist Bill jzpfygonf/ xdv k l ESpOf ;D wdrYk mS olw\ Ykd pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief; tpnf;ta0; wufa&muf&m avqdyfodkY qif;cJhMuygonf/ tpnf;ta0; Ny;D qH;k oGm;aomtcg rdrw d \ Ykd wnf;cdck ef;odYk roGm;Edik Mf u/ xdn k wGif NrKd UxJov Ykd nf; roGm; Edik Mf uyg/ New York uJo h aYkd om NrKd Uawmfukd wpfcgrQra&mufz;l cJMh uonfjzpf&m NrKd UBu;D jyBu;D wk\ Yd b0toufwmrSm tb,fo&Ykd o dS nfukd avhvmMunf½h &I ef qH;k jzwfcMhJ uygonf/ rsm;rMumrD vrf;rBu;D atmufrS t&ufqikd u f kd olwaYkd wG &Y cdS MhJ uavonf/ Pentecostal Pete vnf; ajcwifckH rS xí xdi k cf sum bD,mudrk mS vdu k yf gonf/ xdek nf; wlyif Baptist Bill vnf; bD,m rSmvdu k f avonf/ olwYkd ESpOf ;D bD,mudk aomuf&if;? aomuf&if;jzifh aemufq;kH awmh tawmfyifr;l vmcJMh u\/ Petecostal Pete u olbmvkyc f o hJ nfukd owd&vmaomtcg id k v suf ]]uRef a wmf h u,f w if j cif ; qH k ; ½I H ; oG m ;NyD / uRef a wmf o nf bk&m;ocif\ om; r[kwaf wmhyg/ uReaf wmf rl;atmifaomufcrhJ Nd y/D

]]xrf;&Guf&aom0efudk xm0&bk&m;ü csxm;avmh/ oifhudk rpawmfrlrnf/ b,fawmhrS udk,fawmfonf ajzmifrh wf olukd vIy&f mS ;apawmfrrl/}} (qm 55;22) u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaom vlwpfa,mufonf ol\u,fwif jcif;a&GUvsm;ygrnf avm[k oifajymqdrk nfvm;/ xkad e&mü ajrBu;D z½kdz&JNydKuGJjcif;xuf ydkí bmrQjzpf rvmEkdifyg/ touf &Sifjcif;rS aojcif;odkYajymif;oGm;ygrnf[k uRefawmfxifrdygonf/ aumif;uifodkY ydaYk qmifaomvrf;rS i&JoyYkd aYkd qmifaomvrf;odYk ajymif;vJomG ;jcif;xuf ydrk í dk bmrQjzpfvm rnfr[kwyf g/ odaYk omfvnf; xko d jYdk zpfysurf vmEkid yf g/ tb,f a Mumif h q d k a omf igwd k Y o nf a&G U avQmh j cif ; od k Y ra&muf & [k or®musrf;pmu &dk;&dk;&Sif;&Sif; ajymqdkxm;ygonf/

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P-5

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[d;k ... uReaf wmf aysmufq;kH oGm;NyjD zpf&m owday;jcif;udk avxJoYkd ypfvTwf&ygawmh\/ þnawmh qufquf aomufpm;ygawmhrnf/ eufjzef aeYusrS u,fwif jcif;odYk a&muf&ydS gawmhrnf}} [kq\ kd / Baptist Bill qdo k u l bD,m oH;k ykvif; aomufí ukeNf y;D rS ol bmvkycf o hJ nfukd owd&vdu k yf gonf/ Baptist Bill vnf;idv k Qu?f ]]td…k r[kw&f yg/ uReaf wmf aemufwpfzef raomufrpm;awmhyg/ uReaf wmf [m bk&m;ocif\om; jzpfygw,f/ bk&m;ocifESifh qufoG,frIudk uReaf wmfq;kH ½I;H roGm;yg/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifEiS hf Bu;D rm;aomjyóem awGUBuKH &NyjD zpfonfukd odyg\/ uReaf wmfh tzdrYk mS tjypfxüJ qufí aeoGm;ygvQif uReaf wmfh b0toufwm xJü omí BuD;av;aom qHk;rjypf'Pfcwfjcif;udk awmif;qdkjcif;om jzpfygawmh rnf}} [lí qdak vonf/ þyHkjyifonf xif&Sm;aomtcsufudk jyoay:vGifapygonf/ tu,fí vlwpfO;D u olonf tjypfuv kd yk Ef ikd o f nf/ rdru d ,fwifjcif; vnf; qHk;½IH;oGm;Edkifonf[k ,HkMunfygvQif xdkvltzdkY bk&m;ocifESifh qufo, G rf u I &kd &ef rnfonfh t&mrQ olu Y jkd yefí rac:qdk awmhyg[kl cH,x l m;ygonf/ uGjJ ym;jcm;em;rIrmS bk&m;ocif\om;jzpfí bk&m;ocif ESihf qufo, G rf u I kd qH;k ½I;H roGm;Edik [ f k ,HMk unfaomvlonf tjypfjyKrjd cif; jzifh bk&m;ocifESifh rdwfo[m,jyKjcif;udk csKd;zJhvdrfhrnf taMumif; odem;vnfygonf/ olonf aumif;uifbükH &Sad wmfral om ol\ tzudk qefu Y siyf ek u f efjcif;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifEiS hf qufo, G rf rI mS wnf&NdS rJ jzpfaeonfukd oloed m;vnfygonf/ ol\tjypfonf bk&m;ociftm; 0rf;enf;apcJyh gonf/ ol\b0 toufwmxJü ajzmifrh wfvm ap&ef wpfpw kH pf&mvkyaf qmif&rnfukd olvt kd yfaeygonf/ odrYk o S m olonf bk&m;ocif twGuf aumif;aom yHo k ufaoudk wpfzef &Edik rf nfjzpf ygonf/ rdrd\ u,fwifjcif; qHk;½HI;oGm;NyD[k ,HkMunfaom vlonf a,½Ic&pfawmf twGuf yHo k ufao aumif;udk b,faomrS tjynft h 0 jyEdik af wmhrnf r[kwyf g/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf olonf u,fwifjcif;

oif r l u m;? igh p um;ud k em;axmif a omol o nf aojcif;ESifh tpOfrjywf uif;vGwfvdrfhrnf[k qkdyg onfwum;/}} a,m[ef 8; 52 þusrf;csufü a,½Ionf *sL;vlrsKd;wdkYtm; tu,fí vlwpf a,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufygu? olonf aojcif;udk b,faom tcgrQ rcH&[k rdeaYf wmfryl gonf/ olwu Ydk tmjA[Honf ajzmifrh wfaom oljzpfcahJ omfvnf; aovGecf NhJ y;D jzpf\[lí olwYkd wkejYf yefcMhJ u ygonf/ odkYjzpfí olwdkYonf a,½Iudk r,HkMunfcJhMuyg/ a,½Ionf 0dnmOf a&;qdkif&m aojcif;udk ajymqdkaeonf jzpfaMumif; olwdkYrodcJhMuyg/ tmjA[Honf udk,fcE¨mü aocJhygaomfvnf;? 0dnmOfü raocJhyg/ tmjA[Honf xm0&bk&m;ESifhtwl &SdaezkdY&ef oGm;cJhygonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg igwkt Yd m;vH;k onf ud, k cf E¨müaoMu&ygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d csed o f nf rnfonfh tcsed jf zpfvrd rhf nfukd igwdrYk od&yg/ okaYd omfvnf; a,½Ic&pfawmfudk ,HkMunfukd;pm; aomolwdkYonf 0dnmOfaojcif;udk b,f a omtcgrQ cH & Muvd r f h r nf r [k w f a Mumif ; ud k , f a wmf \ uwd a wmf & S d y gonf / ol w d k Y t m; ud k , f a wmf x H r S b,f a omtcgrQ cG J c G m apvd r f h r nf r [k w f y g/ ol w d k Y o nf xm0&umv wd k i f a tmif udk,fawmfESifhtwl aumif;uifü &SdaeMuygvdrfhrnf/ ]]oifw\ Ykd usiBhf ujH yKrjl cif;onf aiGuw dk yfrufjcif;ESihf uif;vGwfí? udk,fü&Sdaom OpömESifh a&mifh&Jjcif; &S d M uavmh / taMumif ; rl u m;? igonf oif h u d k rpGe?Yf oifu h kd tvQi;f ypfí rxm;[k uwdawmf&\ dS /}} (a[NAJ 13;5) u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaom vlwpfa,mufonf a,½I\ tpOf tNrJ&Sdaeawmfrljcif;ü pdwfcsrIudk &&SdEkdifygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif;qHk;½IH;Ekdifonf[k ,HkMunfygu ukd,fawmfonf oifhudk tvsO;f rpGerYf y,fonfjzpfaomaMumifh oifEiS t hf wl i&Joo Ykd mG ;&ygrnf/ xkdt&m[m &,fzG,foufoufomjzpfygonf/

91 P-6

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]]trSeftuef}}[laom a0g[m&pum;vHk;rsm;udk owdjyKyg/ xk d t &mrS m ES p f q aom aocsm pd w f c srI j zpf y gonf / xk d t &mrS m ]]{ueftrSe}f } odrYk [kwf ]]rcRwrf vG?J {uefrck s}} [lívnf; t"dymÜ ,f &Sdygonf/ tu,fí uReaf wmfonf ,aeY u,fwifjcif;&í? reufjzefaeYwiG f qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ny;D ? aooGm;ygu uReaf wmf tjypfp&D ifjcif;udk cH&rnfavm/ tu,fí oif\ u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½I;H jcif;onf jzpfEidk yf gu tjypfp&D if jcif;udk cH&ygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; tu,fí uReaf wmfonf EIwu f ywf awmfudk Mum;emí a,½Ic&pfawmfudk apvTwfawmfrlaom oludk ,HMk unfvQi?f uReaf wmfonf tjypf pD&ifjcif;udk rcH&[lí þusr;f csuu f qkdxm;ygonf/ i&J[o l nf bk&m;ocif\ tjypfp&D ifawmfrjl cif;? oGe;f avmif;awmf rl a om bk & m;ocif \ trsuf a wmf j zpf y gonf / u,f w if j cif ; od k Y a&mufaom rnfou Yl rkd qdk i&JoYkd b,faomrS rykEYd idk o f nfukd igwdo Yk Ed idk f ygonf/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf igwdo Yk nf bk&m;ocif\ uwd awmfukd xdt k xJü &Sd Muygonf/ ]]a,½Iuvnf;? igonf toufrek jYf zpf\/ ighxo H v Ykd m aomolonf aemufwpfzef tqmtrGwrf cH&/ ighukd ,HkMunfaomolonf aemufwpfzef a&iwfrcH&/}} (a,m 6;35) ajzmifrh wfjcif;yg&rD twGuf pmiwfaomolwo Ykd nf 0ajymjcif;odYk a&mufMuvdrfhrnf[k (róJ 5) ü or®musrf;pmu qdkxm;ygonf/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaomtcg? uRefawmfhtm; xm0& toufrek u Yf kd ay;awmfrí l uReaf wmf\0dnmOfukd jznfah y;awmfryl g\/ uReaf wmfonf 0dnmOfa&;qkid &f mü b,faomtcgrQ wpfzef pmiwfjcif; odkY ra&mufEkdifyg/ ]],k'vlwu Ykd vnf;? oifü ewfq;kd pGo J nfukd ,ckigwdo Yk d Mu\/ tmjA[HrS pí ya&mzufwo Ykd nf aovGeMf uNy/D

&onf r&onfukd b,fawmhraS ocsm od&EdS ikd rf nf r[kwaf omaMumifh jzpfygonf/

]]bk&m;ocifudk cspfaomol wnf;[laom BuHpnf awmfrjl cif;twdik ;f ac:awmfral om olw\ Ykd tusK;d udk cyford ;f aom t&mwdo Yk nf wnDwñGww f nf; jyKpMk u onfukd igwdo Yk Md u\/ bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfonf trsm;aom nDww Ykd iG f om;OD;jzpfawmfrrl nftaMumif;? bk&m;ocifonf a&S;rqGu odawmfrlaomolwdkYudk om;awmf\ ykHoP²mefESifU wnDwnf;jzpfapjcif;iSg a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfr\ l / xko d Ydk cGcJ efrY w S o f m; ESiahf om olwu Ykd v kd nf; ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfapawmf rl\/ xkdodkY wnfapawmfrlaom olwdkYudkvnf; csD; ajr§mufawmfrl\/}} (a&mr 8;28-30) uRefawmfonf rnfolYudkrQ ykefuefjcm;em;&ef qE´ r&Sdyg/ odaYk omfvnf; or®mw&m;udk ra[majymbJ aejcif;tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif udk ykeu f efjcm;em;aomol rjzpfvykd g/ uReaf wmfonf &Si;f vif;pGma&;om; xm;ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh uRefawmfajymvdkaom t&mudkrnfolurQ em;vnf vTJrSm;jcif; &Sdvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ bk&m;ocifonf vlwpf a,mufukd u,fwifawmfrl aomtcg xdv k o l nf c&pfawmfxüJ xm0& qdkif&m vHkNcHKrI &SdoGm;NyD; jzpf\/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmf\ or®mw&m;onf þMo0g' ay:ü rSeu f ef &Si;f vif;í vG,u f pl mG toH jrnfapygonf/

***** 7

90 P-7

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

odYk a&mufaomol jzpfygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfukd ,HMk unfaomolwo Ykd nf ysupf ;D jcif;odrYk a&muf[k þor®m usr;f pmxJü bk&m;ocif rdeaYf wmfr\ l / xkt d &mrSm tvGecf idk v f x kH ad &mufaom txl;jyKazmfjy csujf zpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfu ]]rysupf ;D Ekid }f } odrYk [kwf ]]rysupf ;D &}} odrYk [kwf ]]ysupf ;D Ekid zf , G f r&S}d } [lí rdeaYf wmfrjl cif;r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfu ]]b,faom tcgrQ ysufpD;jcif;odkYra&muf&}} [k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ odkYjzpfí u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaom vlwpfa,mufonf xkdu,fwif jcif;udk qHk;½IH;Ekdifonf[k ajymqdkjcif;rSm bk&m;ocifonfrkomjzpfonf[k ac:qkjd cif;jzpfygonf/ xko d aYkd jymqdjk cif;rSm tvGef tEÅ&m,f&í dS qd;k &Gm; vSaomt&mjzpfygonf/ ]]igay;aoma&udk aomufaomolru l m;? a&iwfjcif;ESihf tpOfrjywf uif;vGwfvdrfhrnf/ igay;aoma&onf xdkolü xm0& touf&Sifjcif;tvkdiSg xGufaom prf;a&jzpfvdrfhrnf[k rdefYawmfrl\/}} (a,m 4;14) a,½Iay;vSLawmfrlaom þtoufprf;a&udk aomufaom olwdkYonf xm0& touf twGuf a&iwfjcif; b,faomtcgrQ r&Sdawmhyg/ uRefawmfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdNyD;aemuf xm0& touftwGuf wpfzef a&iwfjcif; b,faomtcgrQ r&Sdawmhyg/ xdktcsdefüyif uRefawmfvdkorQ aomt&mcyfodrf;wdkYudk &&SdcJhygonf/ olwdkY[m u,fwifjcif;&&SdMuyg&JUvm; [kqkdNyD; tpOftNrJpdk;&drf vsuf ajy;vTm;aeaomolwo Ykd nf {ueftrSef qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ekid Mf uygonf/ oifonf þxm0&touf prf;a&udk aomufaomtcg? oifonf b,faomtcgrQ wpfzef a&iwfjcif;r&Sd&[k or®musrf;pmu qkdxm;ygonf/ ]]igtrSeftuefqdkonfum;? ighpum;udkem;axmifí ighudkapvTwfawmfrlaomoludk ,HkMunfaomolonf xm0& toufudk &onfjzpfí tjypfpD&ifjcif;udk rcH&/ aojcif;rS touf&Sifjcif;odkY ul;ajrmufaom oljzpf\/}} (a,m 5;24)

tcef; (1) xm0&vHNk cKH rI\ ta&;Bu;D rI xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf tb,faMumifh tvGef ta&;yg& oenf;/ þae&mü taMumif;&if; wpfcsKUd wdYkukd ay;xm;ygonf/

bk&m;ocif\ bkefawmfxif&Sm;apjcif; xm0&vHkNcHKrIonf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf xdt k &monf bk&m;ocif \ bke;f awmfux kd if&mS ;apygonf/ aus;Zl;awmf udk vuFmwpfckuJhodkY rSwfxm;Edkifygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ <u,f0jcif;? c&pfawmfüjynfhpHk\/ bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfrSm ukd,fawmfonf igwdt Yk m; tcrJh ay;vSLaomt&m? igwdv Yk yk t f m;jzifh r&Edik af omt&m wpfckjzpfygonf/ wpfenf;qdak omf uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;rSm vuf0g;uyfwidk f ay:ü c&pfawmf vkyaf qmifcNhJ y;D aomt&maMumifh tcrJah y;vSL&&Sjd cif; jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf ESpjf cif;toif; om;wpfO;D jzpfjcif;? aumif;jrwf aomoljzpfjcif;? bk&m;&Scd ;kd ausmif;odYk oGm;jcif;? ESpjf cif;r*Fvm udck jH cif;? uRefawmf\ aiGaMu;rsm;udk tvSLaiG tdwfxJwGif xnfhjcif;tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfvmjcif;r[kwfyg/ um&meD awmifukef;ay:&Sd vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:wGif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrljcif; aMumifo h mvQif uReaf wmf[m bk&m;ocif\om; jzpfvm &ygonf/ u&meD awmifukef;ay:&Sd vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü bk&m;ocif\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;onf wpf0uf wpfysuo f m u,fwifjcif; ay;awmf rlonf r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfonf trIukd rNy;D ajrmufyJ useí f rxm;cJyh g/ udk,fawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:wGif taocHawmfrlaom tcg ud, k af wmf\ aus;Zl;awmfonf xif&mS ;vQu&f cdS yhJ g\/ ud, k af wmfonf uRefawmf\ twdwfu tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;udkom cGifhvTwfawmfrlonf 8

89 P-8

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmf\ ypöKyeÜ f umvESihf tem*wfumv ü&Sad om tjypfrsm; tm;vH;k wdu Yk ykd g cGiv hf w T af wmfr\ l / odjYk zpfí xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g' xJwGif bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfonf xif&Sm;vsuf &Sdygonf/ tu,fí uReaf wmfu vlwpfa,mufonf wpfaeYwiG f u,fwif jcif;udk&&Sdí tjcm;aomaeYwGif qHk;½HI;oGm;Edkifonfudk ,HkMunfygu c&pfawmf\ vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:wGif jyKawmfrcl ahJ om trIonf rjynfph kH rvHkavmufyg [lí ,HkMunfjcif;omjzpf\/ tu,fí uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;twGuf vdt k yfaomt&mrsm;udk a,½Ic&pfawmfu Ny;D jynfph kH atmif rvkyaf qmifEikd [ f k uReaf wmf ,HMk unfygvQi?f ud, k af wmfjyKaom trIxüJ wpfpw kH pfcu k kd uReaf wmfxyf xnf&h ygrnf/ xdo k aYkd om uReaf wmf onf udk,fawmf\aus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf;xif &Sm;ap&rnfh tpm; uReaf wmf\ tusirhf sm;udo k m xif&mS ;aprnf jzpf\/

]]bk&m;ocifonf rkomqdkwm jzpfEkdifonf}} xm0& vHkNcHKrIudk jiif;y,faomvlwpfa,muftwGuf bk&m; ocifonf rkomajymqdw k m jzpfEikd o f nf[k olwo Ykd abmwlMu\/ ]]rkomESifh uif;pifawmfrlaom bk&m;ocifonf? a&S;uyf umvra&mufrDS uwdxm;awmfrí l ? igwdu Yk kd u,fwifaom t&Sif bk&m;ocif\ ynwfawmf twdkif;? igü tyfxm;aom w&m;a[mjcif; tcGifh tm;jzifh awmfavsmaf om tcsed üf / EIwu f ywf w&m; awmfukd xif&mS ;apawmfral om t&mESihf pyfqikd f aom xm0&toufudk arQmfvifhonfjzpfí bk&m;0wfü arGUavsmfjcif;ESifhqkdifaom or®mw&m;udk 0efcHjcif; tvdkiSg¤if;? bk&m;ocif a&G;aumufawmfrlaom ol w k d Y \ ,H k M unf j cif ; tvd k i S g ¤if ; ? bk & m;ocif \ uRew f nf;[laom? a,½Ic&pf\ wrefawmf jzpfaom igaygvkonf/}} (wdwk 1;1-2) bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; xm0& toufay;&ef uwday;awmf rl\/ udk,fawmfonf xkdt&may:ü rkomrajymEkdifyg/ oifonf EIwfuywfawmfay:ü ,HkMunfpdwfcsEkdifygonf/ xm0&toufESifh oufqidk í f bk&m;ocifonf rkomrajymEkid af Mumif;udk igwdaYk ocsmí ESpq f aom pdwcf sru I kd atmufygusr;f csuu f igwdt Yk m;ay;xm;ygonf/ ]]bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfukd ,HMk unfaomoltaygif;wdYk onf ysufqD;jcif;odkYra&muf? xm0& toufudk &apjcif;iSg? bk&m;ocifonf rdrüd wpfyg;wnf;aom om;awmfudk pGefYawmfrlonfwdkifatmif avmuDom; wdu Yk kd cspaf wmfr\ l /}} (a,m 3;16) rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H aomvlwpfa,mufonf ysupf ;D jcif;

xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmudk xif&Sm;ap\ azmfxkwfjyoyg\/ cspfjcif;arwåmudk ay;urf;jcif;jzifh xif&Sm;jyo&ygonf/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'u vlwpfa,mufonf wpfBudrf 'kwd, arG;jcif;udck &H ygu olonf xm0& umvwkid af tmif bk&m;ocif\om; jzpfNy[ D k qdx k m;ygonf/ uReaf wmfrh mS om;orD;av;a,muf&ydS gonf/ olw[ Ydk m rpHv k ifMurSe;f udo k ad omfjim;vnf; olwt Ykd m;vH;k udk uReaf wmfcspf ygonf/ uReaf wmfu h av;wdu Yk olwrYdk vkyo f ifah om t&mrsm;udk vkyMf u ygonf/ wpfcgwpf&H olwo Ykd nf pm;yGaJ y:odYk wpfcck u k kd ,dpk rd o hf eG ;f cs wwfMuygonf/ wpfcgwpf&H olwkdYonf ypönf;wpfcsKdUudk usKd;yJhapMu ygonf/ olwu Ykd rdu k rf aJ om t&mrsm;udk ajymqdw k wfMuygonf/ olwYkd udk,fwkdif\ trSm;aMumifhr[kwfaomfvnf; olwdkYonf wpfcgwpf&H zsm;emwwfMuygonf/ rMumcPqdkovdkyif vHk;0tqifrajyaom

bk & m;ocif \ cspf j cif ; arwå m ud k xif & S m ;apyg

P-9

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tcsed rf sm;ü jzpfwwfygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmf\om;orD;rsm;udk tarGjzwfawmufypfzkdY&ef b,fcsdefcgrSmrS vHk;0 rBuH&G,fcJhyg/ olwdkY vkyaf qmifaom t&mrsm;u jcm;em;rItvsO;f rjzpfapyg/ olwo Ydk nf tpOftNrJ uRefawmf\ om;orD;rsm;omjzpfaeMuygonf/ rdrw d \ Ykd om;orD;rsm;aMumifh tvGepf w d yf suv f suf tarGjzwfchJ Muaom rdbrsm;udk uReaf wmfoyd g onf/ wpfcsKUd u olw\ Ykd om;ord;wdrYk mS olwx Ykd rH S ESix f w k af Mumif;pmudk a&;om;cJMh uygonf/ olwu Ykd ]]ightrd u f kd b,fawmhrS xyfírvmygESifh}} [lí ajymqdkMuygrnf/ xkdt&mrSm uReaf wmf\om;orD;rsm; ay: vkyaf qmif&ef b,faomtcgrQ r&nf&, G f aom t&mjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonfvnf; xku d o hJ yYkd if jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhtm; ol\rdom;pkxJodkY vufcHxm;&Sdawmf rlaomtcg uReaf wmfonf tpOftNrJ ud, k af wmf\ rdom;pk0if jzpf&rnf [laom uwdukd ud, k af wmfjyKcyhJ gonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf tueft Y owfr&Syd g/ ]]tu,fí oifonf þvdiI ;f ay:odYk ausmw f ufvm ygu oifonf ig\rdom;pk0ifr[kwaf wmhyg}}[lí ud, k af wmfred aYf wmf rljcif;r&Scd yhJ g/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf xm0&vHNk cKH rüI xif&mS ; cJyh gonf/ uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif;odaYk &muf&dSNy;D aemuf rMumcPqdo k vdk tjypfvyk rf cd ahJ omfvnf; uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif;odYk ra&mufrDS cspaf wmfrl ouJhodkY bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfhudk cspfawmfrlyg\/ xdkt&mrSm bk&m;ocifü &Sdaom cspfjcif;arwåmyifjzpfygonf/

xm0& vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrljcif;udk wdkif;xGmay;ygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf (at'D - 30)cefY0ef;usifü taocHawmfrlcJhygonf/ uRefawmfonf (1953) ckESpfwGif arG;zGm;cJh ygonf/ xdkt&mrSm a,½Ic&pfawmf zGm;jrifawmfrlNyD;aemuf tESpf (1900) MumcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ a,½I taocHawmfrlpOf uRefawmf\

jyefvnfxu G cf mG &rnfh wpfcw k nf;aomvrf;rSm aojcif;om jzpfygonf/ tb,fah Mumifq h adk omf igwdaYk rG;zGm; vm&aom b0rSm ysupf ;D Ekid af om b0 jzpfygonf/ þb0rSm aojcif;jzifo h m tpOftNrJ ed*;kH csKy&f ygonf/ vlwpfa,mufonf 'kwd, arG;jcif;udk cH&aomtcg? bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxJodkY arG;vm&jcif; jzpfygonf/ olwdkYonf xm0&toufudk vufcH&&Sd Muygonf/ xm0&toufrSm touf&Sifjcif; wpfckwnf;om r[kwfyg/ touf&Sifjcif;\ t&nf taoG;vnf;jzpfygonf/ ]]bk&m;ocifonf rnfonfhtcsnf;ESD;jzpfjcif;udkrQ tm;ay;vIHYaqmfrI rjyKyg}} [laom tqdu k kd oifMum;bl;ygovm;/ bk&m;ocifay;awmfral om 0dnmOfa&; qkid &f m xm0& toufrmS nHzh si;f ,kwn f rHh vmEkid af om t&nftaoG; &Syd gonf/ xkt d &mrSm atmufoYkd xk;d usomG ;jcif; r&SEd idk yf g/ xkt d &monf rdrdwefckd;udk rqHk;½IH;Ekdifyg/ xkdt&monf rdrdwwfEkdifaom pGrf;&nf okdYr[kwf t&nftaoG;udk rqHk;½IH;Ekdifyg/ xkdt&mrSm qufvufí touf&iS af om b0touf jzpfygonf/ þtoufonf b,faomtcgrQ raoEkid o f nfjzpfí uReaf wmf onf 0dnmOfa&;qdik &f mü raoEkid yf g/ odjYk zpfí? uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½I;H oGm;ygu uReaf wmfonf 'kw, d arG;jcif; rcH&aomolom jzpfygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &mrSm rjzpfEidk af omt&mwpfck jzpfygonf/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxJodkY 0dnmOfa&;qdkif&mü arG;vmaomtcg? oifonf rarG;aomol rjzpfEidk yf g/ uk, d u f m,ydik ;f qkid &f mü arG;zGm;vm aomvlwpfa,mufonf rarG;cJhaomol rjzpfEkdifouJhodkY jzpfygonf/ ud, k u f m,ydik ;f qkid &f m toufxu G cf mG jcif;rSm aojcif;enf;vrf; wpfck om jzpfygonf/ olwo Ydk nf wpfzefjyefusKUH 0ifum olw\ Ykd rdcifu, kd 0f ef xJoYkd jyefí r0ifomG ;Ekid Mf uyg/ vlwpfa,muf[m udk,fum, odkYr[kwf 0dnmOfa&;qkdif&mü rarG;aom oljzpfEidk o f nf[k ajymqdjk cif;rSm &,fp&maumif;aomt&m wpfckom jzpfygonf/

c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrljcif;udk wkdif;xGmjcif;

P-10

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

odaYk omfvnf; olt Y oufukd rxd&yg/ uRefawmf\ bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfhtm; ajzmifhrwfaom oljzpfNy[ D k aMumfjimawmf rl\/ i&Jü&Sad om raumif;rIrsm;tm;vH;k wdo Yk nf olwYkd tvk&d o dS rQtm;vH;k udk us,af vmifpmG tlMuygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; ol w d k Y o nf uRef a wmf h b k & m;ocif \ tqk d j yKcsuf E S i f h wef c k d ; ud k b,faomtcgrQ atmifEidk Mf uvdrrhf nfr[kwyf g/ bk&m;ocifu Doug Hammett onf ajzmifr h wf\[k rdeaYf wmfral omtcg? Doug Hammett onf ajzmifrh wf\[lí oifa&;rSwf Ekid yf gonf/ tu,fí vlwpfa,mufu olw\ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H Ekid o f nf [k ,HMk unfygu bk&m;ocifonf tjcm;aomvlwt Ykd m; vkyaf qmif&ef wm;jrpfxm;aomt&mudk jyKawmfrl\[lí ajymqkdMujcif;jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf olwt Ykd m; ajzmifrh wfapawmfrNl y;D onfh aemufyikd ;f ü rdrd a&G;aumufaomolwdkYudk ñTefMum;awmfrlygrnf/

arG;aeY[m tem*wfwiG &f ydS gao;\/ aemufq;kH wGif (1971)ckEpS üf bk&m; ocifonf uRefawmfhpdwfESvHk;xJodkY 0ifawmfrlcJh&m? uRefawmfh tjypf rsm;onf aq;aMumjcif;odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;cJ&h ygonf/ (1953 rS 1971) ckEpS x f d uReaf wmf jyKco hJ rQaom tjypfrsm;onf taoG;awmfxüJ ESpx f m; vsuf&Sdygonf/ c&pfawmf taocHawmfrlaomtcg udk,fawmfonf xdktjypfrsm; tm;vHk;wkdYtwGuf taocHawmfrlcJhygonf/ xdktcsdefü þtjypfrsm;rSm tem*wfwiG f &Syd gao;aomfvnf; ud, k af wmfonf xkd tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;twGuf taocHawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmfu,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS NhJ y;D aemuf uReaf wmftjypfjyKrd aom xdt k jypfu uReaf wmft h m; ab;tEÅ&m,fjzpfapí bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfEiS hf cspjf cif;arwåmudk qH;k ½I;H aponf[í l ,HMk unf aomolrsm; &Syd gonf/ xdt k &monf jzpfEidk o f nf[k olw, Ykd MkH unfMuygonf/ wpfcsKUd aom tcsuüf t,l0g' azmufjyefjcif; (odrYk [kw)f bk&m;ocif xHrS ta0;odo Yk mG ;jcif;? bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmESihf a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;\ csnaf ESmifrrI sm;udk ausmv f eG o f mG ;Edik o f nf[k olwYkd ,HkMunfMuygonf/ xkdtjypfonf uRefawmfhtm; wpfenf;enf;jzifh acsmufurf;yg;xJodkYwGef;csum uRefawmf\u,fwifjcif; qHk;½IH;oGm;yg vdrfhrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmf\bk&m;ocifonf cyford ;f aomt&mrsm; tm;vHk;wdkYxuf BuD;jrwfawmfrlyg\/ udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhudk u,fwifawmfrlcJhonf omru vHkNcHKpGm apmifhxdef;awmfrlygonf/ uReaf wmfu,fwifjcif;odYk ra&mufrSD uReaf wmf\ tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k rSm c&pfawmf\taocHawmfrjl cif;onf tem*wfwiG &f ydS gao;\/ (1971) ckESpfrS ,ckypöKyÜef umvxd uRefawmf\ tjypfrsm;onf c&pfawmf taocHawmfrcl phJ Of tem*wfwiG f &Syd gao;\/ uReaf wmfarG;onfh aeYrS pí ,ck ypöKyÜefumvxd uRefawmf\ tjypfrsm;twGuf c&pfawmf ay;qyfawmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ od&Yk mwGif aemifEpS cf gwGif uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif; qHk;EdkifrqHk;&HI;Ekdifonfudk uRefawmf b,fvdkodEdkif&rnf

]]arG;zGm;cJhNyD;aom vlwpfa,mufonf jyefírarG;zGm;Ekdif}} xm0&vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,fzaYkd omvltwGuf arG;zGm;cJh Ny;D jzpfaom vlwpfa,mufonf jyefírarG;zGm;Ekid f [lí olwo Ykd abmjcif; wlnMD u\/ ]]a,½Iu? 'kwdarG;jcif;udk rcHaomol rnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfukd rjrif&[k igtrSet f uef qko d nf[k jyefí rdeaYf wmfr\ l /}} (a,m[ef 3;3)

]]a,½Iuvnf;? a&ESihf 0dnmOfawmf rarG;aomol rnf onfum;? bk&m;ocif\ EkdifiHawmfodkY r0if&[k igtrSef tuefq\ kd / Zmwdyuwd arG;aomt&monf Zmwdyuwd jzpf\/ 0dnmOfawmfarG;aomt&monf 0dnmOfjzpf\/ 'kwd, arG;jcif;udk cH&rnf[k iga[m ajymonfukd tHMh ojcif;r&SEd iS /hf }} (a,m 3;5-7) vlwpfa,mufonf þb0 toufwmü wpfBurd af rG;vmcJyh gu 86

11 P-11

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

enf;/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vGecf ahJ om tESp(f 2000)cefüY taocHawmf rlcphJ Of ud, k af wmfonf (1953)ckEpS rf S ,ck ypöKyeÜ u f mvxd uReaf wmfjyKchJ aomtjypfrsm;twGufom aeY&ufwkdifatmif uRefawmfusL;vGef&rnfh tjypfrsm; tm;vH;k twGuyf g ud, k af wmftaocHawmfrcl jhJ cif;jzpfygonf/ igwko Yd nf rdrw d \ Ykd BuzH efaom tcsed u f mvxJoYkd ½du k o f iG ;f cJMh uygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ tjriftm;jzifrh [kwb f J igwk\ Yd tjriftm;jzift h &mrsm;udk MunfharQmfaeMuygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdif ay:ü taocHawmfrpl OfwiG f Doug Hammett \ twdwu f mv? ypöKyeÜ u f mv ESihf tem*wfumv tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k twGuf taocHawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ a,½I taocHawmfrlpOf xdktjypfrsm;tm;vHk;wdkYrSm tem*wfwGif&Sd aeao;onfjzpfaomfvnf; ud, k af wmfonf oufqidk af pawmfrcl yhJ g onf/ udk,fawmfonfjcm;em;jcif;udk jrifawmfrljcif; r&Sdyg/ xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;udk wdik ;f xGm ay;ygonf/ oifonf wpfaeY u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufEikd o f nf/ aemuf wpfaeYwGif qHk;½HI;oGm;Ekdifonf[k ajymqdkaom vlwpfa,mufonf tu,fpifppf c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm rjynfph ?kH rvHak vmuf yg[k ajymqdkjcif;omjzpfygonf/ tjypfrsm;udk vTwfay;awmfrl&ef c&pfawmf\wefcdk;ESifh pGrf;aqmifEdkifjcif;onf rvHkavmufyg [laom t"dymÜ ,fukd oufa&mufapygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf ay;tyfawmfral om trIukd rNy;D ajrmufapcJyh g[k pGypf jJG cif; jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf tjypf rsm;tm;vH;k udk vTwaf wmfral Mumif; uReaf wmf\ or®musr;f pmu qdx k m; ygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:ü taocHawmf rlaomtcg uReaf wmf usL;vGecf o hJ rQaom tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k ESihf vGeu f sL; vmrnfh tjypfrsm; tm;vH;k twGuf ud, k af wmfay;qyfawmfrl aMumif;udk xm0& vHNk cKH ru I tmrcHxm;ygonf/ xm0&vHNk cKH ro I nf ud, k af wmf\ taocH awmfrljcif;udk uRefawmfhtwGuf wdkif;xGmay;ygonf/ udk,fawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;onf uReaf wmf\tjypfrsm;xufomí tvGeBf u;D rm; onfjzpfaMumif;udk xkt d &monf uReaf wmftm; ajymjyay;ygonf/

]]bk&m;ocif a&G;aumufawmfrlaom olwdkYudk tb,folonf tjypfwifrnfenf;/ ajzmifhrwf&mü wnfapaomolum;? bk&m;ocifaywnf;/ tjypfp&D if aomol u m; tb,f o l e nf ; / taocH í cH o nf omru? aojcif;rS jyef&iS í f bk&m;ocif\ vufsmawmf bufü aevsuf? igwdkYtzdkY qkawmif;aomolum; c&pfawmfaywnf;}}/ (a&m 8;33-34) bk&m;ocifonf pdeaf c:jcif; wpfcu k kd jyKawmfral Mumif; þusr;f csufu uRefawmfhtm; pOf;pm;apygonf/ uRefawmfuav; b0wGif? igwdo Yk nf tdref ;D em;csi;f ü &efo&l ydS gu? igwdo Yk nf vIid ;f wm;&ygonf/ olwt Ykd m; owå&d &dS if vIid ;f udk ausmv f myg[k qdyk gonf/ tu,fí olwu Ykd ausmv f mcJv h Qif igwdo Yk nf olwu Ykd kd ½ku d yf w k af v\/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf ajrjyifay:wGif vIid ;f a&;qGí J ausm0f hH olu ausmyf gap[k pdeaf c:awmfryl gvQi?f uReaf wmfonf ud, k af wmf\ om;jzpf a Mumif ; ud k , f a wmf xif & S m ;apawmf r l j cif ; jzpf y gonf / ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmft h m; ajzmifrh wfapawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmf[m uRefawmfhtm; ajzmifhrwf&efaMunmaomol jzpfyg\/ pmwef o nf xk d v I d i f ; ud k ausmf w uf & ef a&G ; cs,f v mygu bk&m;ocifonf olYudk ½kdufykwf awmfrl&ef tqifoifhjzpfaeygonf/ xk d t &mrS m a,mbtouf w mü jzpf y suf a omt&m jzpf y gonf / a,mbonf bk&m;ocifudk aMumuf&GHUí raumif;rIudk a&SmifMuOfcJh ygonf/ pmwefu bk&m;ociftm; ud, k af wmfonf olaY y:ü umuG,f ay;jcif;udk ½kwo f rd ;f awmfrv l Qif a,mbonf ud, k af wmft h m; tapcHrnf r[kwaf wmhyg[k qkcd yhJ gonf/ od&Yk mwGif bk&m;ocifonf xkx d ufomí tapcHvmrnfudk odjrifawmfrl\/ bk&m;ocifonf pmweftm; a,mb\toufwmxJü vkyyf ikd cf iG hf udk ay;awmfr\ l / odaYk omfvnf; a,mbtoufukd rxd&[laom vIid ;f udk a&;qGJxm;cJhygonf/ a,mbudk pHkprf;jyK&ef pmwef tcGifh&cJhygonf/

85 P-12

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

þt&mrSm or®musr;f pmqkid &f m ppfreS af om tjypfvw T af wmfrl jcif;\ yHu k m;csyf jzpfyg\/ igwdo Yk nf vlom;rsm;taejzif?h vlwpfa,muf udk cGihfvTwfEdkifygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; olwdkY bmvkyfcJhonfudk igwdkY atmufarhEidk yf gonf/ xko d wd&jcif;rSm olwt Ykd m; tem*wfwiG f rnfoYkd n§O;f qJrnftaMumif;jzpfygonf/ okaYd omfvnf; xdt k &mrSm ppfreS af om cGiv hf w T jf cif; r[kwyf g/ cGiv hf w T jf cif;rSm uwdo;kH rsK;d ukd jzpfapygonf/ xdkt&mrsm;udk jyefvnf,laqmif vm&ef rdrdukd,fudk tcGifhray;&/ xkt d &mudk tjcm;aom wpfpw kH pfO;D ay:üvnf; oifu, kd w f ikd f ,laqmif vmjcif; tcGifhrjyK&/ xkdt&mudk oifhukd,fwkdifay:ü wpfzef jyefí ,laqmifvm&ef tcGifhray;&yg/ xkdt&mrSm or®musrf;pmü&Sdaom tjypfvw T jf cif; jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdak omf bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd tjypfvw T af wmfro l nfjzpfí igwdo Yk nfvnf; rdrw d u Ykd kd qefu Y sif ykeu f efaomolwt Ykd m; cGiv hf w T Ef idk Mf u&ygrnf/ tu,fí oifonf tjcm; olwdkYudk cGifhrvTwfEkdifygu? oifonf u,fwifjcif; r&aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ tu,fí igwdo Yk nf u,fwifjcif;&ygu ud, k af wmfonf igwd\ Yk tjypfrsm;udk xyfí wpfzef atmufarhawmfrlvdrfhrnfr[kwfaMumif; bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrl\/ oifonf ,aeY u,fwifjcif;&Ekdif\/ eufjzefaeYwiG f qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ekid \ f [k ajymqkad om vlwpfa,muftwGuf bk&m;ocifu atmufarhawmfrrl[k rdeaYf wmfral omt&mudk bk&m;ocif jyefvnf atmufarhawmfrl rnf[k ajymqdak omol jzpfygonf/

,HkMunfoludk vIHYaqmfay;jcif; xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf ,HMk unfo\ l b0toufwm xJü vHaYI qmf ay;aom rlvtaMumif;&if; jzpfvmygonf/ tu,fí uRefawmf\ b0toufwmxJü wpfcgwpf&H tjypfrsm;pGmudjk yKEikd Nf y;D ? xdt k jypfaMumifh bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmft h m; ud, k af wmf\ rdom;pkxrJ S ESix f w k af wmf rlrnf/ tarGjzwfawmufaprnf/ ausmcdik ;f oGm;rnfukd uReaf wmf ,HMk unf cJhygu uRefawmf\ c&pf,mef toufwmudk tapmydkif;uwnf;u pGev Yf w T o f mG ;Ny;D jzpfygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; pdw"f mwf usqif;um vH;k 0 vufavQmo h mG ;ygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifukd ausmcdik ;f um uk, d af wmftm; ta0;od<Yk uawmfryl g[k ajymqkyd grnf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ om;orD; &So d rQtm;vH;k wd\ Yk b0 toufwmudk ajymif;vJap&ef EdI;aqmfjcif;udk xkwfazmf ajymqdkzdkY uRefawmfonf þae&mü &Sdaeygonf/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufaomtcg uReaf wmft h m; bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxo J Ykd vufcx H m;&Sd yg\/ tjypfusL;vGejf cif;onf uReaf wmft h m; bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0if jzpfjcif;rS vH;k 0 rESix f w k Ef ikd yf g/ b,fawmhrv S nf; z,fxw k Ef ikd f vdrrhf nf r[kwyf g/ tjypfonf uReaf wmfb h 0 toufwmxJü xde;f xm;jcif;&Sad om tcsdefüyifvQif ]]uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifESifh qkdifawmfrl\}} [lí ,HkMunfpdwfcspGmjzifh xkwfazmf ajymqdkEdkifygrnf/ bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmfu h kd pGev Yf w T af wmfrrlaMumif; uReaf wmfoyd g\/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIu ,HkMunfol\ b0toufwmudk vIHYaqmfay; ygonf/ igwkdYonf aojcif;rS touf&Sifjcif;odkY ul;ajrmufaomtcg igwko Yd nf bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm; jzpfMuonfukd igwko Yd Md uygonf/ igwko Yd nf bk&m;ocifEiS hf qdik Mf uonfukd igwdYk odMuyg\/ igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmf\ om;orD;rsm; jzpfMuonfEiS t hf nD igwdo Yk nf ud, k af wmftm; auseyf ESpfoufawmfrlap&ef touf&SifMuzdkY tvdk &SdMuygrnf/ aumif;uifbükH &Sad wmfral om uReaf wmfh tzESihf qufo, G rf t I aMumif;udk

]]tjcm;aomolwdkYtm; rvkyf&[lí udk,fawmf wm;jrpfonfhtrIudk bk&m;ocif jyKawmfrl\}} xm0&vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muftwGuf bk&m;ocif onf tjcm;aom olwdkY rjyK&ef wm;jrpfaomt&mudk rdrdukd,fwdkif vkyEf idk o f nf[k oabmwljcif; jzpf\/ 84

13 P-13

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

uReaf wmf ajymqdjk cif;jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf uREyfk t f m; cspaf wmf rl\/ udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhtm; rdrd\rdom;pkxJrS tjyifodkY b,fawmhrS ESix f w k af wmfrv l rd rhf nf r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmfonf xdt k qdjk yKcsuu f kd &J0phH mG xkwaf zmfaomtcg xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd r,HMk unfaomolwu Ykd uReaf wmfu h kd rMumcP qdo k vdk tjypf vkyzf Ykd vdik pf ifukd zefw;D xkwv f yk af y;onf[k jypfwifajymqdMk uygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; oifonf wpfpw kH pfa,mufukd cspaf omtcg? olwo Ykd nf oifu h kd tvGecf spMf uí oifah y:ü ,HMk unfpw d cf sum oifu h kd *½kpu kd Mf u onfukd oifoyd gonf/ xkt d &mrSm olw\ Ykd arQmv f ifjh cif;xJü oifonf touf&iS zf &Ykd ef tvd&k jdS cif;udk oif\ pdw0f n d mOf twGi;f ydik ;f ü wpfpkH wpf&mvkyfaqmifjcif; jzpfygonf/ uRefawmf\ rdom;pk 'ku©a&muf onfukd uReaf wmftvdrk &Syd g/ odaYk omfvnf; aumif;uifbükH &Sad wmfral om uReaf wmfh tz 'kua© &mufonfukd uReaf wmfv;kH 0 tvdrk &Syd g/ odjYk zpfí uReaf wmf\ b0toufwmonf ud, k af wmft h m; ESpo f ufaus eyfap &efom touf&SifoGm;&ygvdrfhrnf/ igwko Yd nf or®musr;f pmxJü xm0& vHNk cKH rq I ikd &f m oGeo f ifjcif;udk Munfhaomtcg? urÇmOD;usrf;rS Asm'dwfusrf; odkYwkdifatmif zwfí þtaMumif;t&m ay:ü ajrmufrsm;pGmaom usrf;csufrsm;udk awGU&Sd Edik yf gonf/ þpmtkyx f üJ igwdo Yk nf xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd uGjJ ym;jcm;em; aom ½Iaxmifah v;rsK;d wkrYd S MunfMh u &ygrnf/ yxr? xm0& vHNk cKH rEI iS hf pyfvsO;f í crnf;awmf\ vkyaf qmif awmfrcl suu f kd igwkYd MunfMh u&ygvdrrhf nf/ xm0&vHNk cKH rüI crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf rnfonft h &mudk jyKawmfrl cJyh goenf;/ 'kw, d ? xm0&vHNk cKH rw I iG f om;awmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;udk igwdYk pOf;pm;qifjcifMu&ygvdrrhf nf/ xm0&vHNk cKH rüI a,½Ic&pfawmfonf rnfonfht&mudk vkyfaqmifawmfrlygoenf;/ wwd,? xm0& vHNk cKH rüI oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ tvkyu f kd igwdkY Munfh½IMu&ygvdrfhrnf/ xm0& vHkNcHKrI&Sdap&ef oefY&Sif;aom

þy#dnmOfrSm oHk;ydkif;&Sdygonf/ yxr? bk&m;ocifonf rdrd ynwfawmfudk a,½Ic&pf awmftm; u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunf ud;k pm;aom olw\ Ykd pdwEf v S ;kH xJü xm;awmfrv l rd rhf nf/ olonf wpfpkH wpfO;D tm; oufaocHjcif;trIukd jyKaom tajctaeü&SNd y;D ? tb,foYkd ajym&rnfudk rodbJ &SdaecJhzl;ygovm;/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif bk&m; ocifonf or®musrf;pmrS usrf;csufwpfckudk rSwfrdapawmfrlygrnf/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd a[majym&ygrnf/ oifonf tajctaewpfckxJü bk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmfudk ykdif;jcm;od&Sd&ef BuKd ;pm;cJb h ;l ygovm;/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf usr;f csuw f pfcu k dk oif\ pdwftm½HkxJodkY oGif;vmawmfrlNyD; oif\ qHk;jzwfcsufudk xda&mufrIay;cJhbl;ygovm;/ 'k w d , ? bk & m;ocif o nf rd r d ynwf a wmf u d k a,½I a y:ü ,HkMunfaom olwdkY\ pdwfESvHk; rsm;xJü oGif;ay;awmfrlygvdrfhrnf/ oifbmudk vkyo f ifo h nfukd od&ydS gvsuEf iS hf xdt k &mudk vkyaf qmif&ef qE´rygbJ&SdcJhbl;ygovm;/ xkdodkYjzpfygu ulnDrprItwGuf xm0& bk & m;ud k qk a wmif ; yg/ rS e f a omt&mud k oif v k y f a qmif E k d i f & ef ud, k af wmfonf oifu h kd cGet f m;ay;awmf rlygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf rSeu f ef aomt&mudk vkyaf qmif&ef qE´&EdS idk yf gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &mudk vkyaf qmifEidk af om t&nftcsi;f rSm bk&m;ocifxaH wmfrS vmygonf/ wwd,? rdro d m;awmftm; ,HMk unfu;kd pm;aomolw\ Ykd tjypfrsm;udk atmufarhawmfrv l rd rhf nfr[kwaf Mumif; bk&m;ocif uwdawmf&Sdyg\/ ud, k af wmfuarhawmfrv l rd [ hf k rdeaYf wmfrjl cif; r[kwyf g/ ud, k af wmfonf atmufarhawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ uGJjym;jcm;em;rIudk oifodjrifyg ovm;/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmf\ tjypfrsm;udk atmuf arh&ef ud, k af wmfwikd f tcGiahf y;awmfryl gu? xdt k &mudk ud, k af wmf jyKEidk f yg\/ ud, k af wmfonf xdt k &mrsm;tm;vH;k udk tao;pdwpf m&if; jyKEidk yf g onf/ ud, k af wmfonf xdt k &mrsm;taMumif; tm;vH;k udk odawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfu, kd w f ikd f atmufarh&ef tcGijhf yKawmfrv l rd rhf nf r[kwyf g/

83 P-14

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ,Zf ylaZmfjcif;tm;jzifh xm0&umvpHkvifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdoGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu oGefoifxm;ygonf/ olwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ tjrifü umvtpOfpHkvifjcif; &SdMuyg\/ aemufwpfzef b,faomrS rpHv k ifjcif;odYk jyefíra&mufEidk yf g/ oifonf crnf;awmf bk&m;ocif\ a&SUawmfü &yfaeonfESifhtrQ? oifonf udk,fawmf\ tjrifü pHkvifaomol jzpfí tjcm;rnfonfht&mrQ rjzpfEkdifygaMumif; xif&Sm;ygonf/ ]]igonf atmufarhawmfrv l rd rhf nf r[kw[ f k ud, k af wmfred aYf wmf rlaom t&mudk bk&m;ocif atmufarhawmfryl grnf}}/ xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muf twGuf bk&m; ocifu igonf atmufarhawmfrrl[k rdeaYf wmfral omt&mudk bk&m; ocif atmufarhawmfrlonf[k olwdkYoabmwlnDMujcif;jzpfygonf/ ]]xdkokdYESifhtnD? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkYtm; oufaoay;awmfrlonfrSm/ aemifumv tcg olwdkYü igay;aom y#dnmOf w&m;[lrlum;? igxm0&bk&m;onf ighynwfwdkYudk olwdkYESvHk;xJrSm ay;oGi;f rnf/ olwpYkd w d 0f n d mOfay:rSm a&;xm;rnf[k txufu rdeaYf wmfrNl y;D rS wpfzefw?kH olwjYkd ypfrmS ;jcif;? vGeu f sL;jcif; trsK;d rsK;d udk ig ratmufarhbJ aernf[k vmownf;/ xdt k jypfwu Ykd kd vTwNf y;D vQif aemufwpfzef tjypfajzaom ylaZmfouúmudk jyKp&mtaMumif;r&Sd/ (a[NAJ 10;15-18) udk,fawmfonf rdrdvlrsKd;wdkYESifh y#dnmOfjyKrnf[k bk&m;ocif uwdawmf&\ dS / y#dnmOf [laom tqkjd yKcsuw f pfcjk zpfygonf/ oabm wlncD suv f nf; jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf y#dnmOfjyKawmfral omtcg oifonf xdt k &may:ü ,HMk unfpw d cf sr&I EdS idk yf gonf/ tb,f aMumifh qkad omf bk&m;ocifonf rdr\ d EIwu f ywfawmfukd tpOftNrJ apmifx h ed ;f awmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfü rkomtvsO;f r&Syd g/

0dnmOfawmfonf oifESifhtwl rnfodkYvkyfaqmifawmfrlygoenf;/ aemufq;kH taejzifh ,HMk unfo\ l xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom yk*Kd¾ vw f pfyg;\ tqkjd yKcsuf ajcmufcw k u Ykd kd igwkpYd Of;pm; qifjcifomG ;Mu &ygrnf/ *****

tcef; (2) crnf;awmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; crnf;awmfbk&m;ocifonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIü rnfonfht&mudk vkyfaqmifawmfrlygoenf;/ igwdkYonf wpfBudrf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufonfESifh tpOftNrJ udk,fawmf\om; jzpfMuonfhtaMumif;udk igwdkYtm; tmrcHay;onfh crnf;awmf vkyfaqmifawmfrlaomt&m oHk;rsKd;&Sdygonf/ igwdkYonf wpfBudrf bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfvmvQif tpOftNrJ bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfMuonfukd aocsmpdwcf sEikd yf gonf/ ]]bk&m;ocifudk cspfaomol wnf;[laom BuHpnf awmfrl jcif;twdik ;f ac:awmfral om olw\ Ykd tusKd ;udk cyford ;f aom t&mwdo Yk nf wnDwñGww f nf; jyKpMk u onfukd igwdo Yk Md u\/ bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfonf trsm;aom nDwdkYwGif om;OD; jzpfawmfrlrnf t aMumif;? bk&m;ocifonf a&S;rqGu odawmfrl aomolwu Ykd kd om;awmf\ yko H P²mefEiS Uf wnDwnf; jzpfapjcif;iSg a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfr\ l / xko d Ydk cGcJ efrY w S o f m;ESihf aom olwu Ykd v kd nf; ajzmifrh wf&mü wnf a pawmf r l \ / xk d o d k Y wnf a pawmf r l a om olwu Ykd v kd nf; cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l /}}

(a&mr 8;28-30)

15 P-15

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

c&pfawmf uJhodkjY zpf&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefY rSwfom;awmfrljcif;

igwdo Yk nf ocifb&k m;\ yGaJ wmfr*Fvmudk wap;rygaom rkeEYf iS hf pyspf & nf j zif h vk y f a qmif a omtcg? a,½I o nf wpf B ud r f o m taocHawmfrl\ [lí igwdkYajymqdkjcif; jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmf\ udk,fcE¨monf igwdkYtwGuf wpfBudrfcsKd;zJhawmfrljcif;cH&yg\/ taoG; awmfonfvnf; wpfBudrfoGef;avmif;awmfrl\/ odkYjzpfí igwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJh Muygonf/ igwdkYonf ocifbk&m;\ yGaJ wmfr*Fvmukd cH,Ml uonfwiG f umodv k pfrsm;u xkt d &monf ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ tom;ppfppfESifh taoG;ppfppf jzpfvmonf[k ,HkMunfMuouJhodkY igwdkYr,HkMunfMuyg/ tu,fí umodkvpfrsm; ,HMk unfouJo h Ykd jzpfvm ygu a,½Ionf tBurd Bf urd t f zefzef tao cHawmfryl gOD;rnfjzpf\/ xko d eG o f ifjcif;yg bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf ESifh wdkuf½kdufvTJrSm;aeygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ,Zfyal Zmfjcif;rSm igwdo Yk nf umvtpOftNrJ pHv k ifjcif;odYk a&mufap ygonf/ igwdo Yk nf a,½Ic&pfawmf\ pHv k ifjcif; odrYk [kwf jynfph jkH cif;odYk a&mufNy;D jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd Munfah omtcg? ud, k af wmfonf igwdt Yk m; wpfyikd ;f wpfpom u,fwifj cif;odYk a&mufaomol odrYk [kwf u,fwifjcif; &vke;D jzpfaomoltjzpf jrif a wmf r rl y g/ od k Y a omf v nf ; pH k v if j cif ; od k Y a &muf a omol t jzpf jrifawmfrl\/ igwdkYonf umvtpOftNrJ pHkvifjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;jzp faMumif; usrf;csufu qdkxm;ygonf/ igwdkY\ pHkvifjcif;rSm xm0& umvwdkifatmif &Sdaernfjzpf\/ tu,fí uReaf wmfonf wpfaeYwiG f u,fwifjcif;&í? aemuf wpfaeYwGif qHk;½IH;oGm;Edkifygu uRefawmfonf pHkvifjcif;rS rpHkvif jcif;odo Yk mG ;onf[k qkv d ydk gonf/ tu,fí or®musr;f pmu uReaf wmf onf xm0&umvwdkifatmif pHkvifjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;NyD[k qdkygu uRef a wmf o nf tb,f o d k Y a omtm;jzif h rpH k v if j cif ; od k Y jyef v nf a&mufoGm;Ekdifygrnfenf;/ vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaomtcg olwo Ykd nf

bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfawmfxüJ yg0ifco hJ nfh yxr tOD;qH;k aomt&mrSm igwdo Yk nf a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrjl cif;jzpfygonf/ þt&mrSm ajrmufrsm;pGmaom olwu Ykd oH;k EIe;f &ef oH;k pG&J ef aMumuf&UHG aeMuaom a0g[m&pum;vH;k wpfcjk zpfygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &mudk uReaf wmf\ or®musr;f pm xJü a&;om;xm;ygonf/ xkaYd Mumifh igwdo Yk nf xkt d &mudk em;vnfoabmaygufzYkd vdt k yfygonf/ xkaYd Mumifh a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrljcif;udk wpfcsKdUaomvlwdkYu aMumuf&GHU xdwfvefY &onfh taMumif;&if;rSm a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom; xm;awmfrljcif; taMumif;udk or®musr;f pmxJü {ueftrSef tb,foaYkd jymqdak eonfukd avhvm&ef tcsed f ray;Edik Mf uaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ a&S;rqGu cGcJ efY rSwfom;xm;awmfrljcif;udk wpfcsKdUaom vlwdkY\ pdwful; tBuHÓPf tm;jzifh r[kwfbJ bk&m;ocif tb,fodkY qdkvdkonfudk awGU&SdzdkY&ef olwkdYvdktyfaeygonf/ ]]a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;onf}} [laom a0g[m& pum;vH;k rSm ajrwdik ;f jcif;twwfynm wl&, d mrsm;ESihf xGuo f mG ;í v,fajrudk Munf½h I ppfaq;um trSwfa&;rSwfolrsm;tm;vHk;onf ajrjyifay:0,f xkdifcs vsu?f v,f,majre,ferd w d rf sm;udk owfrw S w f nfaxmifaom ajrwkid ;f pma&;udk yHkaqmifonfh a0g[m& pum;vHk;jzpfygonf/ ]]a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;onf a&S;rqGu odawmfro l nfh predestinate }} [laom a0g[m&pum;vH;k udk bk&m;ocif toH;k jyKawmfral omtcg ud, k af wmfu ]]igonfoifu h kd onft h &ifrw S o f m;awmfrcl NhJ y?D oif\ b0toufwm \ e,ferd w d rf sm;udk igwnfapawmfrNl y}D } [k ajymqdjk cif;jzpfygonf/ vlwo Ydk nf a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrjl cif;ESihf bk&m;ocif\ a&G;aumufawmfrjl cif;udk u,fwifjcif; tawGUtBuKH \ tp ueOD;ü xm;&S&d efBuKd ;pm;Muaomtcg ½Iyaf xG;vmMuí rSm;,Gi;f aom Mo0g’rsm;udk yHak zmfvmcJMh uygonf/ a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrjl cif;rSm u,fwif 16

81 P-16

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

xkv d rl mS wpfzefjyefí npfywfEidk o f nfh wpfcw k nf;aom enf;vrf;rSm jzLpifNy;D jzpfaom tjypftwGuf wpfenf;enf;jzifh ol\touf wmxJü jyefvnfxm;&Sjd cif;om jzpfygonf/ xdo k [ l m jyefvnfí rjzLpifap&ef pmwef xnfx h m;aomtjypfrsm;om jzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf tnpftaMu;rsm;rS jzLpifNyD; jzpfygu xkdtnpftaMu;rsm;tm;jzifh wpfzef jyefí npfywfaomenf;vrf;r&Sdyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwdkYtjypftm;vHk;udk jzLpifapawmfrlcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ xkdtjypfrsm;udk igwdkYay:ü jyefí rwifEkdifawmhyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf taocHawmfrljcif;ü ryg0ifaom rnfonfh tjypfrS uReaf wmfh b0ü r&Scd b hJ ;l yg/ aemifvnf; &Sv d rd rhf nf[w k yf g/ odjYk zpfaom aMumifh tu,fí ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmft h m; xkt d jypfrsm;tm;vH;k wdrYk S uRefawmfhudk jzLpifapawmfrlvQif? uRefawmfonf rjzLpifjcif;odkY ra&muf o G m ;Ek d i f y g/ xk d t jypf r sm;ud k uRef a wmf h a y:od k Y jyef í rwifxm;Ekdifyg/ ]]xm0&pHv k ifjcif;odYk a&mufaom olwpfa,mufonf rpHv k ifjcif; odYk jyefvnfa&muf&dS jcif;rSm jzpfEidk yf gonf}} xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muf twGuf xm0& pHv k ifjcif;odaYk &mufaomvl wpfa,muf wpfzefjyefvnfí rpHv k ifjcif;odYk a&mufEidk o f nfukd oabmwlMuygonf/ ]]taMumif ; rl u m;? pif M u,f a omol w d k Y o nf xm0&pHkvif jcif;tusKd;udk &apjcif;iSg? wpfcgwnf; ylaZmfjcif;tm;jzifh jyKawmfrl\/}} (a[NAJ 10;14) c&pfawmfonf rdru d , kd w f ikd t f m;jzifh vuf0g;uyfwikd af y:ü ,Zf ylaZmfjcif;jzifh igwdkYudk pHkvifapawmfrlcJhyg\/ udk,fawmfonf igwdkY tjypfrsm;vTwzf &Ykd ef ,Zfyal Zmfjcif;wpfcu k o kd m jyKawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xdw k pf Burd af om ,Zfyal Zmfjcif;onf vkt d yfrt I m;vH;k udk jynfph akH pawmfrNl y;D jzpf í ud, k af wmfonf vuf0g;uyfwikd af y:ü tBurd Bf urd f taocHawmfr&l ef rvdkawmhygaMumif; or®musrf;pmü &Sif;vif;pGm azmfjyxm;ygonf/

jcif;\ tpdwt f ydik ;f wpfck r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm oif u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&SdNyD; aemufydkif;üom oif\toufwmxJü aemufqHk; bk&m; ocif vkyfaqmifawmfrlaom t&mjzpfNyD;? oifhtm; bk&m;ocif\ yHkoP²mefawmf xJü zefqif;awmfrlaom ol\ yHkoP²mefawmfESifh wlatmif txl;jyKjyifí rSwo f m;xm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrcl ahJ om olwrYkd mS bk&m;ociftm;jzifh a&S;rqGu od&Sdxm;ESifhNyD;aom olrsm;jzpfMuygonf/ ukefvGefcJhaom xm0&umvü bk&m;ocifonf þavmuBuD;udk zefqif;awmfrl jcif;r&Srd DS tem*wfukd Munfjh rifjcif;iSg wwfprG ;f Edik af wmfrí l olwx Ykd o H Ykd u,fwifjcif;\ {0Ha*vdw&m;awmfukd a0iS a[majymaomtcg a,½I c&pfawmfukd rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwif&iS t f jzpf rnfow l u Ykd ,HMk unf vufcH Murnfukd ud, k af wmfonf odjrifEikd af wmfrcl yhJ gonf/ BuKd wifí odjrif awmfrljcif;\ tajccHay:ü udk,fawmfonf c&pfawmfudk rdrdwdkY\ u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunfvufcHvmMurnfh a,mufsm;? rdef;rESifh uav;oli,f &SdorQ tm;vHk;wdkY\ toufwmrsm;udk a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmfonf xdo k w l \ Ykd b0toufwm rsm;udk BuKd wifí rSwo f m;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xkaYd Mumifh olwrYdk mS bk&m; ocif\ yHkoP²mefawmf xJodkY topfwpfzef jyKjyifjcif;odkY a&muf&Sd cJhMuygonf/ þt&monf xm0&vHkNcHKrIü tb,fokdY vkyfaqmifygoenf;/ cyf o d r f ; aomt&mud k vk y f a qmif y gonf / c&pf a wmf u d k rd r d w k d Y \ u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunf vufcHrnfh olwdkYudk bk&m;ocifonf a&S;rqGu odjrifawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xko d w l rYkd mS ud, k af wmfu a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfrcl ahJ omolrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ ud, k af wmfü tBut H pnf awmf&ydS grnf/ xkt d But H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f rSm xdo k w l \ Ykd b0toufwm Ny;D jynfph akH omtcg a,½Ic&pfawmf\ yHo k P²mefawmf uJo h Ykd bk&m;ocif a&SUü ay:xGef;vmMuygvdrfhrnf jzpf\/ bk&m;ocifonf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJhNyD;aom yk*d¾Kvf

17 P-17

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

&SdorQwkdYudk tmrcHxm;cJhygonf/ odkYjzpfí olwkdYonf aemufqHk;wGif a,½Ic&pfawmf uJo h Ykd jzpfMuygvdrrhf nf/ igwk\ Yd teEÅwefc;kd &Sif bk&m; ocif udk,fawmfwdkifxHrS tmrcHcsufudk &&Sdxm;Muygonf/ odkYjzpfí udk,fawmfonf igwkdY\ b0toufwmudk þ&nf&G,fcsuftwGuf xm;&Sdawmfrlygonf/ ukd,fawmf\ tBuHtpnfESifh &nf&G,fcsufrSm ysufjym;oGm; vdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ xdkt&mrSm acwåcPwGif igwdkY\ ykefuefrIaMumifh ab;ücsxm;jcif; odkYr[kwf usqif;jcif;&SdEdkifygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf igwdkYtm; ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ yHo k P²mefawmfxo J Ykd nDñw G af p&ef rdrt d But H pnfawmftwdik ;f vdu k yf g oGm;apygvdrfhrnf/ vlonf rdrad &G;cs,o f nft h wkid ;f pDru H ed ;f rsm;udk vkyEf idk yf gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf xkt d &mudk jynfph akH p&eftcGihf ay;awmf rrlvQif vl\pDrHudef;rsm;onf jynfhpHkvmvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ bk&m; ocifonf oif\ b0toufwmESifh uRefawmfh b0toufwmü ud, k af wmf\ &nf&, G cf surf mS igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmftm; ½dak oav;jrwf jcif;? cs;D rGr;f jcif;ESihf bke;f awmfxif&mS ;apjcif;udk ,laqmifvmMu&rnf jzpfygonf/ odkYjzpfí igwkdYtm; a,½I c&pfawmf\ yHkoP²mefESifh wlnDap&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrlcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmft& xm0&vHNk cKH ro I nf tmrcHcsuf &Sad om Mo0g'wpfck jzpfygovm;/ vH;k 0OóH[ k w k rf eS yf gonf/ tu,fí oifu r[kwrf eS [ f k qdyk gvQif bk&m;ocifonf wpfcsKUd aomvlwt Ykd m; c&pfawmf\ yHkoP²mefuJhodkY wlnDjcif; r&SdbJ aumif;uifü xm0& &Sad eMu&ef a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;cJyh gonf[k ajymqdjk cif;omjzpfygrnf/

apawmfrl\/ tjynfht0aq;aMumawmfrl\ [lí þusrf;csufu qdx k m;ygonf/ Oyrm – vlwpfa,mufonf yef;uefrsm;udk aq;aMum ouJhodkY yHkazmf&ygvQif pm;<uif;pm;usefrsm;ayaeaom npfywfonfh yef;uefrsm;onf ykyaf qmfeaH pEkid yf g onf/ xkyd ef;uef rsm;rSm trJqrD sm; jzifh ap;uyfvsuf cRcJ RyJ spyf sp&f adS eygrnf/ wpfpw kH pfO;D onf xkyd ef;uefrsm; udk ylaom? qyfjym&nfjrK§ yaf &xJoYkd ESpu f m aq;aMumygrnf/ xdyk ef;uef rsm;udk wpfBurd f aMu;cRwf yGww f u kd yf gu vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; oef&Y iS ;f oGm;Ny;D toHk;jyK&ef tqifoifh jzpfoGm;ygrnf/ ]]bk&m;ocifonf tvif;ü &SdawmfrlouJhodkY? igwd k Y o nf tvif ; ü usif v nf v Qif ? tcsif ; csif ; rdó[m,zGJUjcif;&SdMuonf jzpfí? bk&m;ocif\ om;awmf a,½I c &pf \ taoG ; awmf o nf ? igwd k Y tjypf&o dS rQukd aq;aMumawmfr\ l /}} (1 a,m 1;7) a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vGecf ahJ om ESpf 2000 cefu Y taocHawmfrl aomtcg? uRefawmf toufwmü &SdorQaom t&mcyfodrf;wdkYrSm tem*wfü &Syd gao;\/ ud, k af wmfonf þtcsed üf uReaf wmf vGeu f sL; rnft h jypfrsm; tygt0if uReaf wmftjypf&o dS rQtm;vH;k twGuf tcudk ay;qyfNyD; jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfaoaom aeYwdkifatmif uRefawmf usL;vGerf nfh tjypfrsm;tm;vH;k twGuyf g uk, d af wmfay;qyfawmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfonf udk,fawmftm; rdrdu,fwif&Siftjzpf ,H k M unf v uf c H a omtcg uRef a wmf h t jypf & S d o rQtm;vH k ; ud k ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taoG;xJü ESpfxm;avonf/ udk,fawmfonf uReaf wmft h m; xkt d jypfrsm;rS aq;aMumawmfral omtcg? uReaf wmfonf oefY&Sif;jcif;odkY wpfBudrfwnf;jzifh xm0&wdkifatmif oefY&Sif;jcif;odkY a&muf&SdoGm;NyD; jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfonf ocifa,½I c&pfawmf\ taoG;awmftm;jzifh jzLpifjcif;? oefY&Sif;jcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJhygonf/ odkYjzpfí vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufcJhNyD;aom tcsed rf pS í tjypf tm;vH;k wdrYk S oef&Y iS ;f jcif;odaYk &muf&o dS mG ;Ny;D jzpfygonf/

]]igwdkYonf bk&m;ocifh a&SUawmfü arwåmtm;jziffh oef&Y iS ;f vsu?f tjypf uif;vGwv f sujf zpfrnftaMumif;? þurÇm rwnfr&Srd DS igwdu Yk kd c&pfawmfü a&G;aumuf awmfrlonfESifh tnD? aumif;uifbkHESifhqdkifaom 18

79 P-18

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

t&mwdüYk cyford ;f aom "r®r*Fvmwdu Yk kd c&pfawmftm; jzifh igwdt Yk m; ay;oem;awmfral om igwdYk ocifa,½I c&pf\ crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf r*Fvm&Sdawmf rlapownf; }} ({zuf 1;3-4)

0dnmOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; jzpfaMumif; EIwu f ywfawmfxüJ igwdkYjrifcJhMu&NyD; jzpfygonf/ ½kd;om;ajzmifhrwfaomol rnfolurQ xdkt&mudk rjiif;y,fEkdifaMumif; uRefawmf,HkMunfygonf/ oifonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIudk ,HkMunfí oabmwlnD&ef &,fzG,faumif;í rjzpfEkdifaom tqkdjyKcsuf ajcmufckwdkYudk oifwdkYtm; tm½HkjyKapvkd ygonf/ ]]rdrt d jypfrsm;rS pifMu,fjcif;odaYk &mufaomolonf rjzLpifjcif;odYk a&muf&efrSm jzpfEkdif\}}/ ]]xko d m;awmfonf bk&m;ocif\ bke;f awmfa&mifjcnf ESihf bk&m;ocif tjzpfawmf\ xyfwyl o kH P²mefjzpfí? wefc;dk ESihf jynfph akH om rdrt d rdeaYf wmftm;jzifh cyford ;f aomt&mwdu Yk kd wnf&dS wnfwahH poljzpfvsu?f igwdYk tjypfrsm;udk ud, k af wmfwikd f okwo f ify,f&iS ;f Ny;D vQi?f jrifhaomt&yfrSm wefckd;tmEkabmfawmf\ vufsm bufü xkid af wmfr\ l /}} (a[NAJ 1;3) xm0& vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,faom vlwpfa,muftwGuf rdrt d jypfrS jzLpifjcif;odYk a&mufaom olonf rjzLpifjzpfEidk jf yefygrnf[k oabmwl aomol jzpfygonf/ ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfonf rdrdudk,fawmfwdkiftm;jzifh igwdkY\ tjypfrsm;udk jzLpifap awmfrlaMumif; or®musrf;pmu uRefawmfhudk ajymjyxm;ygonf/ uk, d af wmfonf igwd\ Yk tultnDukd tvkrd &Syd g/ ud, k af wmfonf ,Zfyak &m[dww f pfyg;\ tultnD odrYk [kwf yGaJ wmf r*Fvma& odrYk [kwf toif;awmf odrYk [kwf AwåZd rH *Fvmay;aoma& ponfwu Ykd kd rvdyk g/ uk, d af wmfonf rdru d , dk af wmfwikd t f m;jzifh igwd\ Yk tjypfrsm;udk jzLpifapawmfrlyg\/ ]]jzLpif}}[laom a0g[m&pum;vH;k onf vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; tjynfh t0 oef&Y iS ;f pifMu,fonf? tuket f pifaq;aMumonf[k qdv k ydk gonf/ a,½Ionf igwdkY\ tjypfrsm;udk vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; oefY&Sif;pifMu,f

igwko Yd nf c&pfawmf\ yHo k P²mefawmfxüJ &Sad eap&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrlcJhygonf/ igwkdYudk a&G;aumufawmfrlaomolonf igwkt Yd m; oef&Y iS v f Quf tjypftem tqmESihf uif;rJah pawmf rlyg\/ oifEiS hf uReaf wmft h wGuf bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfawmfEiS hf &nf&, G f csurf mS a,½Ic&pfawmf uJo h Ykd jzpfMu&efjzpfygonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg tjypf\ ½kefYMurf;npfnrf;jcif;onf ta0;odkY vGifhoGm;yg vdrfhrnf/ igwko Yd nf rD;tm;jzifh oefpY ifapvQuf ay:vmMuygvdrrhf nf/ xdt k &mrSm oif\toufwm ESihf uReaf wmf\ toufwmtwGuf bk&m;ocif\ &nf&G,fcsufjzpfygonf/

cspfcifjrwfEdk;aomoltjzpf vufcHawmfrljcif; ]]xdb k &k m;ocifonf cspaf wmfral om om;awmfaMumifh igwdt Yk m; ay;awmfral om aus;Zl;awmf\ bke;f toa& udk cs;D rGr;f apjcif;iSg? igwdo Yk nf a,½Ic&pftm;jzifh om; t&mudk &rnftaMumif;? tvdak wmf&adS om apwem twdik ;f a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m;awmfr\ l / }} ({zuf 1;5-6) bk&m;ocif\ &nf&, G cf surf mS igwkt Yd m; a&S;rqGu cGcJ efrY w S o f m; awmfrjl cif; wpfco k m r[kwyf g/ igwdo Yk nf cspcf ifjrwfE;kd aom oluo hJ Ykd vufcHawmfrl&ef &nf&G,fcsuf&Sdawmfrlyg\/ yHkazmf&aomf? pmtdwf wpfcw k iG f txJü pmyg&SNd y;D ? tjyifü vdypf myg&So d nf/ pmrSm wHqyd u f yfí pmwku d yf ;kH xJoYkd xnf&h ygonf/ xdpk mrSm pmwdu k ½f ;kH odYk ,lomG ;Ny;D ? vdypf m

19 P-19

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

ygonfhtwkdif; pmwkduf½Hk;rS wpfqifh jzefYa0ay;cJhygonf/ xdkolrSm rSeu f efaom vdypf m twkid ;f a0ay;aom pmydo Yk rm;jzpfygonf/ oifonf pmudk vufc&H &Sd aomtcg pmtdwu f kd zGií hf txJrpS mudk zwf&ygonf/ pmydo Yk rm;onf pmtdwx f üJ &Sad ompmudk pdw0f ifpm;jcif; r&Syd g/ pmtdwfay:ü vdyfpmtjynfhtpHk ygovm;? wHqdyfacgif; uyfxm;yg ovm;ponfuo kd m Munfah eygonf/ pmydo Yk rm;onf pmtdwx f üJ pmyg onfjzpfap? rygonfjzpfap xkpd mudk jzefaY 0ay;&ygonf/ xkt d &monf olYtwGufjcm;em;rIr&Sdyg/ wpfaeYjzifh Doug Hammett onf þb0rS aemufb0odkY ul;ajymif;oGm;&ygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf o D ug aH mmett udk Munf½h aI wmfro l nfr[kwyf g/ tu,fpifppf? tu,fí bk&m;ocif onf oifEiS hf uReaf wmfüh &So d nftwkid ;f om Munf½h aI wmfryl gvQif ]]oif[m npfnrf;ygw,f/ ighxrH S xGuo f mG ;avmh}} [lí bk&m;ocif rdeaYf wmfrl ygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocifonf Doug Hammett udk ,lomG ;í ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ pmtdwx f o J Ykd xnfx h m;ygonf/ uReaf wmfonf aumif;uifwcH g;0odYk a&mufaomtcg? ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfEiS hf um&meD awmifukef;ay:wGif ukd,fawmf\ taocHawmfrl jcif;wnf;[laom h kd pmtdwu f kd bk&m;ocif Munfah wmfrv l Qu?f "Doug Hammett, oifu vufcHawmfrlcJhNyD/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf oif[m pmtdwfxJrSm &SdaeNyD;jzpfyg\" [lí rdefYawmfrlygrnf/ uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;rSm uReaf wmf[m tb,fuo hJ aYkd omol jzpfonf odrYk [kwf uReaf wmfu bmawG vkycf o hJ nf[al om t&may:ü rlwnfjcif;r&Syd g/ uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifEiS hf oGm;vmí pHv k ifaom jzpfaomaMumifh odkYr[kwf raumif;aom trIt&mwkdYrS rdrdudk,fudk xde;f odr;f xm;í uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS jhJ cif; r[kwyf g/ a,½Ic&pf awmfoGef;awmfrlaom taoG;awmfay:ü tajccHvsuf? uReaf wmft h m; aumif;uif Ekid if aH wmfxo J Ykd vufc&H ef bk&m;ocifonf tBut H pnfawmfEiS hf &nf&, G cf su&f cdS yhJ gonf/ c&pfawmf\ vkyaf qmif

aomf? xdt k &m onf bk&m;ocifukd igwd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;tv,fA[dEk iS hf igwdb Yk 0touf&iS f oGm;vm rI\ A[dük xm;&Syd gonf/ bk&m;ocifonf tm½Hpk u kd &f mtcsuf jzpfvmygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdak omf ud, k af wmf onfomvQif igwdkYtm; u,fwifjcif;udk ay;Ekdifaomoljzpfawmfrl\/ ukd,fawmfonfomvQif igwdkYu,fwifjcif;&&SdNyD;aemufydkif;ü auseyf ap&ef qE´&adS omolom jzpfawmfr\ l / ]]u½kPmawmfESifh opömawmfaMumifh emrawmfudk csD;rGrf;ygrnf/}} (qmvH 138;2) bk&m;ocifonf EIwfuywfawmfxJü rnfodkY a&;om;xm; awmfrlonfh tay:ü rdrd ukd,fawmf wdkifjyKvkyfaomol jzpfapawmf rlcJhygonf/ vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif; &zkdY&eftwGuf bk&m; ocifxHawmfodkYvmaomtcg? EIwfuywfawmfudk emcH&rnf[laom oabmxm;ESihf vm&ygrnf/ rnfoq Ykd adk p? aeYpOf toufwmü bk&m; ocifvufawmfoYkd tyfE&HS ef tvdrk &Sad om c&pf,mefwpfcsKUd &Sad eygonf/ olwYkd em;axmif&rnf odrYk [kwf remcH &rnfay:ü olwu Ykd efausmufvsuf ckduf&efjyKrlMuygonf/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ udk,fydkif cHpm;csufaemuf udo k m vku d o f mG ;Muygonf/ olwo Ykd nf rdrw d zYkd mom vkyaf qmifaeMu ygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; {ueftrSwf qufuyftyfEaHS om bk&m;ocif\ om;wdüYk emcHaomoabm xm;&SMd uygrnf/ igwdkYonf EIwfuywfawmfudk emcHMu&rnf[k bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrlaom tcg? rdrd udk,fawmfwdkifvnf; vkyfaqmifawmfrl&ef tvdkqE´r&Sd[lí ajymqdkjcif;r[kwfyg/ bk&m;ocifonf rdrdEIwf uywfawmfü rdrdudk,fwdkifjyKvkyfol jzpfapawmfrl\/ xkdt&monf udk,fawmf\ emrawmftm; jrifhjrwfapawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ bk&m; ocifonf rdrdEIwfuywfawmfxJü &Sdaom rnfonfh t&mudkrqdk jiif;y,faomenf;vrf; vHk;0OóHkr&Sdyg/ vlwpfa,mufudk u,fwifawmfrlí olwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f ay;awmfrl aomolrmS crnf;awmf? om;awmfEiS hf oef&Y iS ;f aom

77 P-20

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tu,fí oifonf Cults [laom rSm;,Gi;f onft h ,l0g'rsm;\ oGefoifjcif;udk qef;ppfygu olwdkYtm;vHk;ü wlnDaom t&mESpfck &So d nfukd oifawGU&ygvdrrhf nf/ yxr? olwu Ykd tusit hf m;jzifh u,fwif jcif;&onf[k ,HMk unfMu\/ 'kw, d olw\ Ykd tESpo f m& oGeo f ifjcif;rSm rdrdudk,fudkom jzpfygonf/ olwdkYoGefoifjcif;tm;vHk;wdkYonf vl[m ta&;Bu;D qH;k aom zufpyf a&maESmyg0ifonft h &m jzpfonf[q k Mkd u\/ tusit hf m;jzifh u,fwifjcif;&onf[k oGeo f ifay;aom bmomw&m; rsm;udk igwdYk qef;ppfaomtcg? olw\ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f ay;&ef rnfoül wm0ef&ydS goenf;[laom ar;cGe;f udk ar;&ygonf/ xdt k &mrSm a,½Ic&pfawmf rjzpfEikd yf g/ xdt k &mrSm rdru d , kd u f o kd m jzpfyg\ tb,f aMumifq h akd omf rdru d , kd w f ikd o f nfom u,fwifjcif;udk vkNH cKH apaomol jzpfí ajzmifrh wfpmG touf&iS jf cif;tm;jzifh u,fwifjcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f ay;ol[m rdru d , kd w f ikd o f m jzpf\[k ,HMk unfMuygonf/ or®musrf;pm\ ppfrSefaom t'du oGefoifcsufü b,faom tcgrQ vlrjzpfEidk yf g/ tpOftNrJ c&pfawmfom jzpfygonf/ or®musr;f pm \ tm½Hjk yKjcif;rSm rdru d , kd u f rkd [kwf bk&m;ocif üom jzpfyg\/ xm0& vH k N cH K rI M o0g’ u d k Munf h a omtcg? ]]u,f w if j cif ; \ A[dck suo f nf bk&m;ocif avm odrYk [kwf vlavm}} [laom ar;cGe;f udk ar;&ygrnf / bk & m;ocif o mvQif u,f w if a omol ? apmif h x d e f ; ay;awmf r l a omol j zpf o nf [ k ,H k M unf a omol w d k Y o nf rd r d w d k Y \ tm½Hkrsm;udk bk&m;ocifü xm;&Sdaomolrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI ,HMk unfaomolu rdrw d u Ykd , kd u f kd rdrw d u Ykd ,fwif jcif;udk apmifx h ed ;f &ef wm0efr&Sad Mumif;udk od&MdS uygonf/ u,fwifjcif; udk olwrYdk cHxu kd yf g/ igwd\ Yk rpHrk vif tm;enf; aomtusiu hf kd y,fí aumif;jrwfpHkvifaom tusifhudk vkyfaqmifay;aomolrSm a,½I c&pfawmf jzpfygonf/ xkt d &mrSm ud, k af wmftm;jzif?h ud, k af wmf wpfyg; wnf;omvQif igwdu Yk kd u,fwifEidk f awmfrí l apmifx h ed ;f Ekid af wmfr\ l / xm0&vHkNcHKrIMo0g'onf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ tb,faMumifhqdk

awmfrlcsuftm;jzifh uRefawmfhtm; vufcHcJhMuygonf/ uRefawmf\ vkyaf qmifcsurf sm;aMumifh r[kwyf g/ xkt d &mrSm bk&m;ocif\ tBuH tpnfawmfESifh &nf&G,fcsufjzpfygrnf/

(a&mr 8;29-30) xdt k &mrSm tvGev f , G u f &l iS ;f vif;aom Oyrmwpfcjk zpfygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; ajrmufrsm;pGmaom vlwo Ykd nf xkt d &mtm;jzifh pdw½f yI af xG; cJMh uygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdak omf olwu Ykd rdrw d \ Ykd or®musr;f pmudk owif;zwfpmouJhodkY zwfMuygonf/ olwdkYonf cyfjrefjrefNyD;pvG,f zwfMuum rnfonfh taMumif;t&m ajymqkad eonfukd olwYkd rpOf;pm; rqifjcifMuawmhyg/ þae&mü tqifhrsm;pGm&Sdonfudk owdjyKyg/ yxrtqifhrSm tcef;i,f (29) xJü awG&Y &dS ygonf/ ]]a&S;rqGu odawmfral omolwu Ykd }kd } þolwrYkd mS ud, k af wmfu h kd vufc, H MkH unf Murnfo h w l t Ykd m; ud, k af wmfonf wifBudKíodjrifawmfrlcJhaomolrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ kwd, tqifhrSm tcef;i,f (30) xJü &Syd gonf/}} cGcJ efrY w S o f m;ESiahf om olwu Ykd akd c:awmf rl\}} xko d w l rYkd mS a,½Ic&pfawmfuo hJ Ykd wlnaD p&ef ud, k af wmfrw S o f m; awmfrEl iS Nhf y;D jzpfaom vlwjYkd zpfMuygonf/ aemuftqifrh mS ud, k af wmf

bk e f ; xif & S m ;awmf r l j cif ; ]]bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfonf trsm;aomnDwdkYwGif om;OD;jzpfawmfrlrnftaMumif;? bk&m;ocifonf a&S ; rqG u od a wmf r l a om ol w d k Y u d k om;awmf \ yHkoP²mefESifh wnDwnf; jzpfapjcif;iSg a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrl\/ xdkodkYcGJcefY rSwfom;ESifhaom olwu Ykd kd ac:awmfr\ l / ac:awmfral omolwu Ykd kd vnf; ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfapawmfr\ l / xko d Ykd wnfapawmfrl aom olwu Ykd v kd nf; cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l /}}

P-21

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

onf olwu Ykd kd ac:awmfr\ l / {0Ha*vdw&m;onf olwx Ykd o H aYkd [majym a0iSjcif;&Sd&m olwkdYonf ac:awmfrljcif;udkMum; í u,fwifawmfrl jcif;odkY a&mufaomolwdkYjzpfMuygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; xdt k &m[m tqH;k r[kwaf o;yg/ aemuftqifh wpfcrk mS ac:awmfral om olwu Ykd kd vnf;ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfapawmf rl\/ ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfapawmfr\ l qd&k mü uReaf wmfonf wpfBurd f wpfcgrQ tjypf rusL;vGecf o hJ uJo h Ykd jzpfapawmfrjl cif;udk qdv k ykd gonf/ ]]xko d Ykd wnfapawmfral omolwu Ykd v kd nf; cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l }}/ ]]cs;D ajrm§ uf awmfrl\}} [lonfrSm tjcm;aom a0g[m& pum;vHk;rsm;enf;wl twdwfumv 0gusjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifu ]]twdwfumvüom oifhudk cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrljcif;? ac:awmfrlcJhjcif; ajzmifhrwfapawmf rljcif;om r[kwyf g/ twdwu f mvüvnf; igonf oifu h kd cs;D ajrm§ ufawmf rlcNhJ y}D } [lí rdeaYf wmfryl gonf/ bk&m;ocif\ rsupf ad wmfxüJ xdt k &m onf tqifoifhNyD; jynfhpHkcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ tu,fí yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;onf u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&SdcJhygu? olwo Ykd nf cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif;odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;Ny;D jzpfygonf[k or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ igwdw Yk iG f trsm;pku cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfrjl cif;udk rMunfMh uyg/ cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l [kq&kd mü tjypfür&Sad wmhyg/ pHv k ifjcif;ü a&muf&NdS y;D jzpf\[kq&kd mü tjypfür&Sad wmhyg/ pHv k ifjcif;ü a&muf&NdS y;D jzpf\ [lí qdv k &kd if; jzpfygonf/ tjcm;pum;vH;k rsm;jzifq h &kd aomf a,½Ic&pfawmf uJhodkY jzpfapawmfrl\ [lí jzpfygonf/ þae&mü&Sdaom vlwdkYwGif rnfou l rQ olwo Ykd nf pHv k ifjcif;odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;cJNh yD [lí rajymqdEk idk yf g/ okaYd omfvnf;? igwdo Yk nf cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif;odYk a&muf&NdS y[ D í l bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrl\/ aeY&uf[m bk&m;ocifESifhom qdkif\/ uRefawmfESifh rqkdif aMumif;udk aeYpOfEiS t hf rQ rdru d , kd u f kd owday;rdygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf xJütcsed u f kd toH;k jyK&rnfjzpf\/ ud, k af wmf rdeaYf wmfrl onft h wkid ;f uReaf wmft h oufwmudk ajzmifw h ef;ap&ygrnf/ uReaf wmfu h kd

]]oefY&Sif;aom AdrmefawmfodkY rsufESmjyKvsuf ysyf0yf ud k ; uG , f í ? u½k P mawmf E S i f h opö m awmf a Mumif h emrawmfukd cs;D rGr;f ygrnf/ taMumif;rlum;? uwdawmf udk owif;awmf&SdorQwdkYxuf csD;ajr§mufawmfrlNyD/}} (qmvH 138;2) xm0& vHkNcHKrIonf tajccHusaom ,HkMunfjcif;\ ta&;BuD; aomtcsufwpfck jzpfygonf/ igwdkYonf xkdt&may:ü a&maESmí tay;t,lrjyKEidk yf g/ or®musr;f pmü þoGeo f if jcif;udk jiif;y,faom rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfESifhrqdk igwdkYonf ryl;aygif;Ekdifyg/ xdkt&mrSm qdk;&Gm; aom rSm;,Gi;f onfU rdpmä 'dXd t,l0g'jzpfygonf/ trSepf ifppf? xdt k &m onf vlwpfa,muf\ 0dnmOfukd i&Jow Ykd ikd f ysupf ;D apEkid yf gonf/ tb,fh aMumifq h akd omf xm0& vHNk cKH rI Mo0g'udk oabmrwlEidk af omvl wpf a,mufonf tusit hf m;jzifh u,fwifjcif;&onf[k ,HMk unfjcif; jzpfyg onf/ wenf;qd&k aomf olwo Ykd nf rdrw d \ Ydk u,fwifjcif;twGuf c&pf awmfukd vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm; tjynft h 0 ,HMk unf ud;k pm;jcif; rjyKEidk Mf uyg/ ppfrSefaom Mo0g'rS rSm;,Gif;aomMo0g'wdkYMum;ü rwluGJjym; jcm;em;aom t&mrsm; &Syd gonf/ xdt k &mrSm rdru d , kd u f kd ta&;ygonf[l aom oGefoif jcif;jzpfygonf/ vlwpfa,muf onf bk&m;ocifudk qefu Y siNf y;D oGm;vm&ef qH;k jzwfaomtcg? olw\ Ykd tjypfjyKjcif;aemuf uG,üf rnfonfh taMumif;&if;&Syd goenf;/ urÇmOD;usr;f 3 wGif tm'HEiS hf {0wd\ Yk tjypfrmS rdrw d t Ykd wå ud, k u f sK;d tm;jzifh wGe;f ydaYk y;jcif;jzpfonfrmS taxmuftxm;ckid v f ykH gonf/ olwo Ykd nf rdrw d Ykd ud, k yf ikd f vkyaf qmif&ef tvdk&SdcJhMuygonf/

tcef;(5) xm0& vHNk cKH rIukd jiif;y,f&ef oifjyK&rnf[k tqdjk yKcsurf sm;

P-22

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

jyKawmfrrl nf[k igoabmus\/ (zdvyd dÜ 1;6) vlwpfa,mufonf c&pfawmfudk ,HkMunfudk;pm;vmaomtcg oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfral om tm;jzpfvmaom toufwm ajymif;vJjcif;&Srd nf[k or®musr;f pmu oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ 0dnmOfawmf\ tvkyrf mS igwdt Yk oufwmxJü rSm;,Gi;f aomt&mrsm;udk jrifí ajymif;vJjcif;udk vdt k yfaMumif; igwdt Yk m; awGjY rifap&ef ulnD rpjcif;jzpfygonf/ a[mif;aomt&mrsm; tavhtxrsm;? tjypfrsm;? oabmxm;rsm;ESihf vkyaf qmifcsurf sm;onf uG,af ysmufomG ;í topf jzpfvmygonf/ c&pfawmfudk wu,f,MkH unf ud;k pm;aomolw\ Ykd toufwmxJü rSwo f m;zG,f aom uGJjym;jcm;em;rI &Sdvmygrnf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf c&pf,mefwpfO;D \ b0toufwm xJü olwYkd u,fwifjcif; &&Scd ahJ om aeYrpS í aoaomaeYtxd tvkyv f yk af wmfryl gonf/ 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkY\ txJupí vkyfaqmifvmygu igwdkYonf aumif;uifodkY a&muf a omaeY w k d i f a tmif quf v uf í vk y f a qmif r nf [ l a om tmrcHcsuf igwdüYk &So d nfukd or®musr;f pmu ajymqdx k m;ygonf/

tzd;k ESihf 0,fawmfrNl y;D jzpfí uReaf wmfu h kd uReaf wmf rydik af wmhaMumif; owd&apygonf/ aeY&uf rukev f eG rf SD bk&m;ocifukd qefu Y sií f tjypf jyKaerdonfukd awGU&S&d ygonf/ uReaf wmfonf xku d o hJ aYkd om toufwm rsK;d ESihf touf&iS af eygu igonf cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfrjl cif;odYk a&mufNy[ D í l tb,fodkY a<u;aMumfEdkifygrnfenf;/ bk&m;ocif\ tjrifü r[kwfbJ uRefawmfhtjrifü Munfhaom aMumifh jyóemay:vmygonf/ uReaf wmfonf ypöKyeÜ u f mvü touf &Siaf eygonf/ uReaf wmfu h Mkd unfv h Quf oifu h v kd nf; Munfv h Quf ae& ygonf/ ,ck uReaf wmf rnfoYkd jrifrnf[al omtay:ü t&m&mwdu Yk kd pD&ifaeygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; BuzH efaomtcsed [ f í l r&Sad wmhaMumif; bk&m;ocif odjrifawmfrl\/ udk,fawmfonf xm0&umvrS xm0& umvodkYwkdif jrifawmfrl\/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ tjrifü Munfhaomtcg bk&m; ocif\ rsupf ad wmfxw J iG f xdt k &mrSm aumif;jrwfjcif; &So d nft h wkid ;f vkyaf qmifawmfrNl y;D jzpfaMumif;udk uReaf wmfov d m&ygonf/ rnfoo l nf c&pfawmfukd ,HMk unfawmfcrH nfukd ud, k af wmfonf vGeo f mG ;aom xm0& umvüyif odjrifawmfrlcJhNyD;? a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrlí ac:awmfru l m cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfü olw\ Ykd b0toufwm rsm;twGuf &nf&, G cf suEf iS hf tBut H pnfawmf&ydS g\/ vrf;c&D;\ tqH;k rSm olwdkYonf csD;ajr§mufjcif;odkY a&muf&efjzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf 'kw, d - arG;jcif;cHí bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpf ygu bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfonf aocsmí jzpfEidk zf , G jf zpfygonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg oif\ udk,fcE¨monf rnfonfhtjypfrQ rygbJ bk&m;ocifa&SUü &yfaeygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d &mrSm twdwu f mv0gus jzpfí ,cküvnf; rSefuefNyD;? tem*wfrSmvnf; rSefuefonfjzpfaMumif; bk&m;ocifonf tvGefaocsmpGm rdefYawmfrlyg\/ bk&m;ocif\ tBut H pnfEiS phf rD u H ed ;f rSm igwdt Yk m;c&pfawmfuo hJ Ykd jzpfap&ef a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrljcif; jzpfygonf/ cspfcif

23 P-23

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

jrwfEdk;aomolt&mü vufcHum? ac:awmfrlí ajzmifhrwfapawmfrl Ny;D vQif c&pfawmfxüJ igwku Yd kd cs;D ajrm§ ufawmfr\ l / xdck s;D ajrm§ ufawmfrl jcif;rSm tem*wfwGif &Sdygao;\/ a&G;EIwf&m aeY&ufra&mufrDSwkdif atmif tjynft h 0jynfph kH vdrrhf nfr[kwyf g/ (1 aum 15;51-54)

]]xdek ufeaJ omt&m [lru l m;? umvtcsed f aphpHkjcif;\ omoemwGif aumif;uifay:? ajrBu;D ay:rSm &S&d o dS rQwu Ykd kd aygif;í c&pfawmfü csKyfjcmapawmfrlvdrfhownf;/}} ({zuf 1;10) bk&m;ocifonf tBut H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f tpGeq f ;kH odaYk &mufjcif;rSm cyf o d r f ; aomt&mwk d Y u d k xk y f y d k ; í þavmuBuD ; uk e f q H k ; jcif ; od k Y a&mufaomtcg bk&m;ocifonf a,½I c&pfawmfü ,HMk unfaomol &So d rQwu Ykd kd pk½;kH apawmfrl ygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d &mrSm bk&m;ocif\ &nf &G,cf su?f tBut H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f jzpfygonf/ ,HMk unforl sm; tm;vH;k wko Yd nf c&pfawmfü twlwuG pk½;kH vmMuygvdrrhf nf/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI igwkb Yd maMumifh ,HMk unf&ygoenf;/ tu,fí wpfpw kH pfO;D onf yk*Kd¾ vw f pfyg;\ ESv;kH om;xJü bk&m;ocif\ vkyaf qmif awmfrjl cif;udk ysujf ym;ajymif;vJapygu tu,fí yk*Kd¾ vf wpfO;D onf rdrdwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;udk wpfenf;enf;jzifh qHk;½IH;oGm;apEdkifygu bk&m;ocifonf ,HMk unforl sm; tm;vH;k wku Yd kd aumif;uifü pk½;kH aomtcg ajrmufrsm;pGmaom vlwo Ykd nf aysmufq;kH oGm;ygrnf/

,HMk unfjcif;udk twdtvif; 0efcaH om vlajrmufrsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ olwu Ykd a,½Ic&pfawmfukd od\[k0efcMH u\/ olwo Ykd nf c&pf,mefrsm; jzpfMu\[k 0efcMH u\/ olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocifukd od\[k twdtvif; 0efcaH jymqdMk u\/ rnforl qdk xdu k o hJ aYkd om 0efccH suu f kd jyKEidk yf gonf/ ]]ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfaomolonf ,HMk unfjcif;tm;jzifh touf&Sifvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfvnf;? a&GUavsmhvQif? ighpdwf0dnmOfonf xkdoludk tm;&ESpfoufjcif;r&Sd[k bk&m;ocif trdeaYf wmf&\ dS / igwdrYk u l m; ysupf ;D jcif;odYk a&muftHhaomiSg a&GUavsmhaom olr[kwf/ pdwf 0d n mOf o nf u,f w if j cif ; od k Y a&muf t H h a omiS g ,HMk unfaom oljzpfMu\/}} (a[NAJ 10;38-39) okdYaomfvnf; wpfpHkwpfOD;u twdtvif;0efcHajymqdkjcif;onf c&pfawmfukd olwv Ykd ufc&H &Sd Ny;D [lí 0efcjH cif;udk rqdv k ykd g/ olwo Ykd nf bk&mocif\ 0dnmOfawmfudk vHk;0 vufrcH cJhMuao;yg/ olwdkYonf w k , d arG;jcif;udk rcHMu&ao;yg/ c&pf,mefwo Ykd nf olwu Ykd kd u k c© aH paom tajctaeodaYk &mufaomtcg olwYkd aemufqw k o f mG ;wwfMuygonf/ tb,f aMumifYenf;/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olwdkY\ 0dnmOfrSm u,fwifjcif;vH;k 0r&&Scd jhJ cif;aMumifh jzpfygonf/ olwo Ykd nf ysupf ;D jcif; (od)Yk i&Jow Ykd idk f aemufqw k o f mG ;Muygrnf/ rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H aomvlw[ Ykd m u,fwifjcif;&aom vlrsm;r[kwMf uyg/ þvlwrYkd mS olwo Ykd nf u,fwifjcif; &&SNd y;D ouJo h Ykd a&mufvm&ef vkyfaqmifaom vlrsm;om jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; olwYkd 'kw, d arG;jcif;udk vH;k 0r&&Scd MhJ uao;yg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ emrü vmMuaomfvnf;? ud, k af wmfukd vH;k 0rodMuao;aom vlajrmufrsm;pGm wdrYk mS tar&duefjynfü &So d nfukd uReaf wmfpl w d Ef v S ;kH t<uif;rJh ,HMk unf ygonf/ oifwdkYwGif aumif;aomtrIudk jyKpjyKawmfrlaom olonf? a,½Ic&pf\ aeY&ufwkdifatmif NyD;pD;vsuf

c&pfawmfxJü twlwuG pk½Hk;apawmfrljcif;

P-24

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

udk,fawmf\ aus;Zl;awmftm;owd&aMumif;txdrf;trSwf

ud, k af wmfonf rdeaYf wmfro l nftwkid ;f vkyaf qmif ygrnf[al om t&m ay:ü aumif;aom ,HMk unfpw d cf srt I rSwv f u©Pmwpfck jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfxüJ ay;awmf rlaom uwdawmfukd jyefí r½kyo f rd ;f Edik yf g/ ud, k af wmfonf rdru d wdawmf rsm;udk csK;d azmufawmfrrl nfr[kwaf Mumif; oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmfonf igwd\ Yk tmrcHp&HaiG? igwd\ Yk tmrcHjzpfawmfr\ l / tu,fí oifonf tdrfwpftdrfudk a&mif;rnfqdkygu wpfpHk wpfO;D onf xdt k rd t f wGuf BuKd wifaiGp&HaiGukd oift h m; ay;xm;ygrnf/ xdak iGrmS oifyikd q f idk af om aiGjzpf\/ oifonf xdpk &HaiGukd xkwo f ;kH Edik f ygonf/ xdt k &mrSm oifü0rf;ajrmufzjYkd zpfygonf/ tu,fí 0,frnfo h l ysuu f u G v f mygvQif olw\ Ykd jyóemomjzpf\/ oif\jyóemr[kwyf g/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf xdak iGrmS oift h zdjYk zpf\/ igwdo Yk nf 0dnmOfawmfü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sí d igwd\ Yk b0toufwmxJü tvkyv f yk af wmfral p&ef oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkYtm; c&pf,mef toufwmü rnfo0Ykd rf;ajrmufjcif;&SMd u&rnfukd oif,jl cif;onf tvGeaf umif;ay\/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ uwdawmfrmS igwdu Yk kd a&G;0,faom olonf igwdu Yk kd ykid q f idk í f aumif;uifoaYkd &muf&MdS uonfxd a&G;EIw&f m aeY&ufwkdifatmif 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkYESifhtwl &Sdrnfjzpf\/ igwdkY u,fwifjcif;&aomaeYrSpí bk&m;ocifonf igwdkYtm; aumif;uif tdrfawmfodkY ac:aqmifaomaeYxd igwdkYonf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfü 0rf;ajrmufjcif; &&SdMuygrnf/

]]taMumif;rlum;? xdkociftm;jzifh igwdkYü aus;Zl;jyKí? aus;Zl;awmf\ tvGef<u,f0jcif;udk aemifuyfumvwdkYü xif&Sm;aprnftaMumif; jzpfownf;/}} ({zuf 2 ; 7) a&mufvmrnfh umv (tem*wfwGif &Sdaom xm0&) wGif udk,fawmfonf tvGef<u,f0jynfhpHkaom rdrdaus;Zl;awmfudk vlwdkif; wkdYtm; azmfjyawmfrlvdrfhrnftaMumif; bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrl\/ wenf;tm;jzifh xkdt&mudk xm;&Sdjcif;rSm bk&m;ocifonf igwkdYudk u,fwifawmfrcl NhJ y;D igwkt Yd wGuf ud, k af wmfü&Sad om aumif;jrwfawmf rljcif;ESifh cspfjcif;arwåmtm;vHk; wdkYudk xif&Sm;pGmazmfjyawmfrlrnfh aeY&ufudk owfrSwfawmfrlcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf\ zcifonf Kansas jynfe,f&dS toif;tzGUJ wpfcw k iG f abhpfabmypfay;ol wpfOD; jzpfcJhygonf/ igwkdY\ tdrfü tm;upm; NydKifyGJrsm;wGif taz qGwfcl; &&SdcJhonfh txdrf;trSwf ypönf;rsm;? o½kyaf qmifjcif;rsm;ESihf tEdik &f onfq h rk sm;rSmpifrsm;pGm tjynf&h ydS gonf/ olonf abhpaf bmrsm;ESihf bwfwrH sm;? uGjJ ym;jcm;em;aom upm;p&m rsm;tm;jzifh txdr;f trSwf jyKxm;cJyh gonf/ abhpaf bm tzGUJ 0ifvBl u;D rsm; xHrS *kPjf yKrw S w f rf;rsm;vnf;&Syd g onf/ oifonf igwkt Yd rd x f o J o Ykd mG ;vm aomtcg xkt d xdr;f trSwrf sm;udk oifjrifawGU&ygrnf/ tb,fah Mumifh qdak omf igwko Yd nf xkt d &mrsm;udk wnfcif;jyxm;ygonf/ uReaf wmfzh cif bmawGvkyfcJhonfudk xdktxdrf;trSwf ypönf;rsm;u a&mifjyef[yf apcJhygonf/ txdr;f trSww f pfcjk zifh oifbmudk vkyaf qmifygoenf;/ oifonf txdrf;trSwf ypönf;udk pifay:wGif xm;&Sdjcif;jzifh xkdyk*¾dKvfonf rnfonfht&mrsm;udk jynfhpHkapcJhonfudk vlwdkYtm; jrifapEdkifygonf/ yk*Kd¾ vrf mS txdr;f trSwyf pön;f r[kwyf g/ cs;D rGr;f jcif;udk cH&ol jzpfygonf/ igwko Yd nf aumif;uifb&kH pdS ifay:ü xkid í f igwku Yd , kd u f kd tm½Hjk yKap&ef

c&pf,mefuJhodkY rjyKusifhaomolwdkYü tb,fodkYenf;/ xm0&vHkNcHKrItaMumif;ü wpfenf;jzifhqdkaomf xdkar;cGef;udk tNrJyif ar;avh&SdcJhygonf/ ]]ylaqG;zG,faom t&mrsm;tm;vHk;ü tb,fodkYjzpfrnfenf;}} igwdkYonf u,fwif jcif;&NyD; bk&m;ocif toHk;awmfcH&eftwGuf toHk;awmfcHygrnf[k ajymqdkMuaomfvnf;? wu,ftoufr&SiMf uaom olwüYkd aum tb,fojYkd zpfygrnfenf;/ 72

25 P-25

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tarGp&ef}} jzpf\[k qdkxm;ygonf/ ({zuf 4;30) ü igwdkYonf ]]a&G;EIw&f maeY&ufumvwdik af tmif}} wHqyd cf wf onf [k qkx d m;ygonf/ wHqyd cf wfawmfrjl cif;rSm igwdo Yk nf tjypfxo J rYkd usa&mufrw DS idk af tmif odkYr[kwf bk&m;ocifxHawmfrS ta0;odkYroGm;rSDwkdifatmif [lí rqdx k m;yg xko d ef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wHqyd cf yfjcif;rSm a&G;EIw&f m aeY&ufwidk af tmifjzpfaomaMumifh bk&m;ocifukd cs;D rGr;f yg\/ uReaf wmf onf tjypfxo J Ykd vrf;vTEJ idk yf gonf/ uReaf wmfjzpfoifo h nftwkid ;f tpOftNrJ rjzpfEidk yf g/ odaYk omfvnf; aemufqHk;wGif uRefawmfonf aumif;uifü &SdvdrfhrnfjzpfaMumif; tmrcHcsuf uRefawmfhrSm&Sd ygonf/

bk&m;ocifonf oifEiS hf uReaf wmfukd u,fwifawmfrcl jhJ cif; r[kwyf g/ oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf aumif;uifbükH &Sad om bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl; awmf\ txdr;f trSwrf sm;ü ae&m,lMuygvdrrhf nf/ aumif;uifEikd if üH &So d nfh bk&m;ocif zefqif;awmfro l rQaomt&mwdo Yk nf taoowf jcif;udk cHawmfral om od;k oli,fukd *kPjf yKvkd cs;D ajrm§ uf Muygvdrrhf nf/ xkt d &mrSm xdak e&mü igwdYk &SMd u&rnft h aMumif;&if;jzpfygonf/ bk&m; ocifonf rdrd\ txdrf;trSwf ypönf;rsm;udk wpfa,mufwpfavrQ rdrdvufn§dK;awmfjzifh avQmusapawmfrlvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/

crnf;awmf\ cspfjcif;arwåm ]]ajzmifhrwfaomol twGufaMumifh taocHrnfhol &Scd \ J / olawmfaumif;twGuaf Mumifh taocH0ahH omol &Sdaumif;&Sdvdrfhrnf rSefapawmh/ igwdkYonf tjypf &SdpOfyif? c&pfawmfonf igwdkYtwGufaMumifh tao cHawmfro l nfjzpfí? bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd tb,f rQavmuf cspfawmfrlonfudk igwkdYtm; xif&Sm;pGm jyawmfrl\/ odkYjzpfí ,ckwGif taoG;awmftm;jzifh ajzmifhrwf&modkY a&mufNyD;rS? xkdociftm;jzifh tjypf i&JrS u,fcRwfawmfrljcif;odkY a&mufrnf[k omí arQmfvifhp&m&Sd\/}} (a&mr 5; 7-11) bk&m;ocif\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;rSm ud, k af wmf\ tBut H pnf ESifhpDrHudef; xJüom awGU&Sdonf r[kwfyg/ igwkdYtm; jyawmfrlaom udk,fawmf\ cspfjcif;arwåm xJrSmvnf; awGU&ygonf/ igwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;? odaYk &mufí tpOftNrJ bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfMuonfukd tmrcH ay;awmfrlonfomru bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmonf igwkt Yd m; aumif;uifEikd if o H nf igwk\ Yd tdrjf zpfaMumif; tmrcHay;ygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIü ta&;BuD;aom tydkif;wGif wpfckjzpfygonf/

oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ tmrcHp&H ]]ydik x f u dk af wmfral om olwo Ykd nf bke;f awmfukd cs;D rGr;f jcif;taMumif;ESifh a&G;Ekwfawmfrljcif;odkY ra&mufrSD umvywfvHk; xkd0dnmOfawmfonf igwdkY tarG\ p&efjzpfawmfrl\/}}({zuf 1;14) ]],k'vlwo Ykd nf edrw d v f u©Pmudk awmif;wwfMu\/ a[vo vlwo Ykd nf ynmudk &SmwwfMu\/}} (1aum 1;22) ]]p&H}} [lonfrmS ay;aqmifjcif;twGuf oifonf tdru f 0kd ,fzYdk jyifqifaomtcg a&mif;aomolu oifx h rH S p&HaiGukd ay;apygonf/ xdkt&mrSm aps;qpfNyD;aemuf usefaom wefzdk;udk ay;aqmifygrnf [laom ,HMk unfrt I rSwf vu©Pm wpfcjk zpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf a&mif;0,fru I kd jyefvnf½yk o f rd ;f ygu ydik &f iS o f nf BuKd wifay;aom wefz;kd p&Hudk odrf;xm;rnfjzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf vlwpfa,mufukd u,fwifaomtcg oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfudk tmrcHp&Htjzpf ay;awmfrl\/ xdkt&mrSm

71 P-26

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; rdeaYf wmfr\ l / oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wHqdyfcwfawmfrljcif;trIudk em;vnfoabmayguf&ef? igwdkYonf or®musr;f pm acwfumvpmrsm;udk ay;ydjYk cif; xk;H pHukd em;vnfoabm aygufzv Ykd ykd gonf/ olwüYkd ,aeY igwd&Yk adS om pmwdu k v f yk if ef;rsK;d r&SdMuyg/ tu,fí olwu Ykd pmwpfapmifuakd y;ydv Yk ykd gvQif olwo Ykd nf ygydik ;f g’ ;pfac: pmapmifvyd f wpfcak y:ü pma&;Mu\/ xkaYd emuf xkpd mapmifukd tpGe;f wpfzufrS tjcm;tpGef;wpfzufodkY vdyfygonf/ xkdYaemuf olwkdYonf pmapmifvdyf ESpfckMum;ü ylaom ysm;za,mif;udk avmif;csvdkufum tv,f ü uyf N id a pcJ h M uygonf / xd k t &mud k wH q d y f ½ d k u f o nf [ k ac:ygonf/ txl;trSww f q H yd yf gaom vufpyG u f kd ylaom ysm;za,mif; wHqyd x f o J Ykd zdEydS u f m xkyd sm;za,mif;xJü yHw k t l rSwt f om;udk jyKvyk f cJhMuonf/ xko d Ydk wHqyd cf wfNy;D aemuf xkpd mudk vufc&H rnfo h x l o H Ykd ydaYk p&ef tapcH wpf O D ; \ vuf ü tyf & ygonf / tapcH o nf vrf ; c&D ; ü pmudkzwf&ef wHqdyfudkcsKd;zJhír&yg/ tb,f aMumifhqdkaomf olonf e*drk v l twdik ;f jyefvnfí wHqyd cf wf&efenf;vrf;r&Syd g/ olonf wpfpkH wpfO;D \pm azmufzwfonfukd awGU&Syd gu ao’Paf y;jcif;cH& ygrnf/ xkdtapcHonf pmapmifvdyfüygonfh vdyfpmtwdkif; xkdyk*¾dKvfxHokdY wkduf½dkufay;ydkY&ygrnf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh wHqdyfcwfonf[kqdk&mü igwdo Yk nf c&pfawmfukd rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcMH u aomtcg? bk&m;ocifonf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmftm; igwdkYudk wHqyd cf wf&ef ay;awmfr\ l / rmausmaom ysm;za,mif;xJoYkd vufpyG f trSwf wHqyd jf zifh cwfí rSeu f efaomc&D;vrf;qH;k odYk ta&mufyaYkd qmif&ef tmrcHxm;onfeh nf;wl uReaf wmf\ rSeaf omc&D;vrf;qH;k okYd a&mufEidk f &ef bk & m;ocif \ oef Y & S i f ; aom 0d n mOf a wmf o nf igwd k Y \ b0 toufwmxJü tmrcHjzpfygonf/ {zuf 1;14 ü ]]a&G;EIwfawmfrljcif;ra&mufrSD ... igwdkY\

bk&m;ocifonf oift h m; oif\tjypfrsm;rS u,fwifawmfrjl cif; twGuf rnfoaYkd om tzk;d tc &Syd goenf;/ igwk\ Yd tjypfrsm; aq;aMum jcif;cHí aumif;uifü tdraf wmfukd ay;&eftwGuf ud, k af wmfonf oifEiS hf uRefawmfhtwGuf rnfodkY ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygoenf;/ udk,fawmfonf rdrdtoufudk um&meD awmifukef;ay:ü ay;qyfonfxd tzdk;udk ay;awmfryl g onf/ ud, k af wmfonf tjypftwGuf tjrifq h ;kH aomtzd;k udk ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygonf/ udk,fawmfonf oifESifh uRefawmfhtwGuf ay;qyfawmfrlcJhaom wefzdk;ESifh nDrQaom tzdk;udk tjcm;rnfonfh wefz;kd urQ ay;í r&yg/ ud, k af wmfonf oifEiS hf uReaf wmfu h kd cspaf wmf rlaomaMumifh tjrifhqHk;aom qufuyfylaZmfjcif;jzifh ay;qyfawmfrl cJhygonf/ xm0&vHNk cKH ru I kd jiif;y,fjcif;onf or®musr;f pmxJü awGU&S&d aom bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmudk jiif;y,fjcif; jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif onf rnfoaYkd om cspjf cif;arwåmudk ydik q f idk af wmfrcl o hJ enf;/ ud, k af wmf \ cspfjcif;arwåmonf tvGef ta&;BuD;\/ tvGef BuD;rm;vSyg\/ wefc;kd ESihf jynfph ykH g\/ odjYk zpfí ud, k af wmfonf aumif;uif bke;f toa& awmfudk pGefYí EGm;pmcGufü zGm;jrifjcif;udkcHawmfrl&ef ajrBuD;ay:odkY <uvmawmfro l nfxd ud, k af wmf\ arwåmonf tvGeBf u;D rm;vSyg\/ ud, k af wmf\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf tvGeBf u;D rm;vSonf jzpf&m ajrBu;D ay:ü (33)ESpfom touf&SifawmfrlcJhNyD;? aoxdkufaom trIr&Sd aomfvnf; ud, k af wmfu h kd rke;f aom vlw\ Ykd vufjzifh vuf0g;uyfwidk f ay:wGif taocHawmfrl cJhygonf/ aumif;aom vlwpfa,mufonf rdwfaqGtwGuf taocHEkdifaumif;yg\[k or®musrf;pmu qdkxm; ygonf / od k Y a omf v nf ; igwk d Y o nf tjypf & S d p Of y if igwd k Y twG u f taocHawmfr&l ef bk&m;ocif <uawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmfonf igwkYd tm; tvG e f cspf a wmf r l \ / bk & m;ocif \ cspf j cif ; arwå m onf vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü a,½Ic&pfawmf taocHawmfrljcif; tm;jzifh xif&Sm;apygonf/

27 P-27

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c&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü taocHawmfrl ouJhodkY ud, k af wmfonf vlw\ Ydk tusirhf sm;udk oHjzifh ½du k x f m;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ bk&m;ocifEiS hf ajzmifrh wfjcif; &&Szd &Ykd ef oifEiS hf igonf tb,ftrIrQ rwwfprG ;f Edik yf g/ tu,fí xdt k &mwdo Yk nf jzpfEidk cf yhJ gu? c&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwkdif ay:ü taocHawmfrl&ef rvdktyfyg/ udk,fawmf\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf um&meD awmifuek ;f ay:odYk ud, k af wmft h m; ydaYk qmif ay;cJhygonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf vlom;wdkYrSm arQmfvifhcsuf uif;rJhpGmjzifh aysmufqHk;aeonfudk udk,fawmfodjrifawmfrlcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmonf vlom;wdkY\ cspfjcif;arwåm uJhodkY r[kwf/ igwkdY\ arwåmonf tuefYtowf&SdcJhygonf/ igwkdY ausmfír&aom tqifh owfrSwfjcif; wpfck&Sdygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; igwko Yd nf vlw\ Ydk arwåmudk ajymqdjk cif;r[kw?f bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif; arwåmudk ajymqdkjcif;jzpfaMumif; oifwkdYtm; uRefawmftoday; vdyk gonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmonf tajctaeESihf rqdik yf g/ qkv d o kd nfrmS rnfonft h ajctae? rnfonfv h iId ;f udrk Q a&;qG&J ef rvdyk g/ tu,fíyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;u oifonfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufEdkifygonf/ vrf;rBuD;ay: wpfae&m&mwGif oifonf tjypfjyKrdygu bk&m; ocifonf rdrdcspfjcif;arwåmESifh u,fwifjcif;udk oifhxHrS jyefvnf ½kwo f rd ;f onf[k ,HMk unfygu olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif\ cspjf cif;arwåmudk uefYowfxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; udk,fawmf\ cspfjcif; arwåmonf uefYowfjcif; r&SdaMumif;udk uRefawmf\or®musrf;pmu qdkxm;ygonf/ tb,fodkYaom bk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrlygoenf;/

jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmfonf ud, k af wmfEiS hf qkid &f ef cGet f m;udak y;aom t&mrSm oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmftvkyjf zpfygonf/ uReaf wmf\ tvkyf r[kwfyg/ uRefawmfonf aumif;uifodkYoGm;rnfh bk&m;ocif\om; tjzpf &yfaeygonf/ uReaf wmfch eG t f m;aMumifrh [kwyf g/ uk, d af wmf\ cGeftm;aMumifh jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfjyKaom ajzmifhrwfjcif;aMumifh r[kwfyg/ udk,fawmf\ aumif;jrwfawmfrljcif;aMumifh jzpfygonf/ xdt k aMumif;aMumifh uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;rSm aocsmpdwcf s&jcif; jzpfygonf/ xdkt&mrSm uRefawmfhtay:ü rlwnfrSDcdkonf r[kwf? udk,fawmfüom jzpfygonf/

crnf;awmf\ qHk;rawmfrljcif; ]]xd k a Mumif h ? þrQavmuf rsm;pG m aom ouf a o taygif;wko Yd nf igwdu Yk kd 0dik ;f &Hvsuf &SMd uonfjzpfí? igwdo Yk nf cyford ;f aom 0efwu Ykd ¤kd if;? aESmif, h u S w f wf aom 'kp½dkufudk¤if; y,f&Sm;í? igwdkY rsufarSmufü

]]a&G;Ekwjf cif; aeY&ufwikd af tmif oifwu Ykd kd wHqyd cf wf awmfral om bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom0dnmOfawmfukd pdwfremapMuESifh}}/ ({zuf 4;30) oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf c&pfawmfukd rdrw d \ hkd u,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,H k M unf ud k ; pm;Muaomtcg igwd k Y u d k wH q d y f a wmf r l a Mumif ;

,HkMunfolwdkY\ wHqdyfcwfawmfrljcif; ]],k'vlwo Ykd nf edrw d v f u©Pmudk awmif;wwf Mu\/ a[vo vlwo Ykd nf ynmudk &SmwwfMu\/}} (1aum 1;22) ]]oifwo Ykd nfvnf; u,fwifawmfrjl cif; taMumif;ESihf ,SOaf om {0Ha*vdw&m; wnf;[laom or®mw&m;udk Mum;em &í xkcd &pfawmfukd ,HMk unfNy;D rS? uwdawmfEiS hf ,SOaf om oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wHqyd cf wfjcif; udk cH&MuNy/D ydik x f u kd af wmfral om olwo Ykd nf bke;f awmf udk csD;rGrf;jcif; taMumif;ESifh a&G;Ekwfawmfrljcif;odkY ra&muf r S D umv ywf v H k ; xk d 0 d n mOf a wmf o nf igwdt Yk arG\ p&ef jzpfawmfr\ l /}} ({zuf 1;13-14)

P-28

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

xm;aom yef;wH;k wdik o f Ykd a&mufjcif;iSg? tm;ravsmb h J ajy;MuukeftHh/ ,HkMunfjcif;udk tptOD; pD&ifí pHv k ifapawmfral om ocifa,½Iukd aphaphaxmuf½MI u uket f /hH xko d cifonf rdrad &SUüxm;aom 0rf;ajrmuf jcif ; taMumif ; aMumif h ? &S u f a Mumuf a omt&mud k rrSwfbJ vuf0g;uyfwdkifü cHNyD;rS? bk&m;ocif\ yv’ifawmfvufsmbufü xdkifaeawmfrl\/}}

used ;f 0yfawmfrv l Qif b,faomtcgrQ pGecYf mG roGm;awmh ygaMumif; or®m usrf;pmuwdawmf&Sdygonf/ tu,fí uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk uRefawmfqHk;½HI;oGm;Ekdifygu uRefawmfaoaomtcsdefü i&JodkYoGm;& ygrnf/ xdktcg usdef;0yfawmfrlonfh oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf uRef a wmf E S i f h t wl i&J o d k Y oG m ;&ygvd r f h r nf j zpf \ / od k Y a omf v nf ; xdt k &monf b,faomtcgrQ rjzpfvmEkid yf g/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf bk&m;ocifonf rdru d , kd u f kd i&JoYkd ydaYk qmifawmfrrl nf r[kwyf g/ odjYk zpfí uReaf wmfonf wpfBurd u f ,fwif jcif; cHcyhJ gu b,faomtcgrQ rqH;k ½H;I Ekid yf g/ uReaf wmf\pdwt f wGi;f xJü used ;f 0yfawmfral om oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonfvnf; qH;k ½H;I oGm;vdrrhf nf r[kwaf Mumif; tmrcHcsuf uRefawmfhü &Sdygonf/ xdkt&mrSm rjzpfEdkifaomt&mjzpfygonf/

(a[NAJ 12;1-2) þae&mü bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf toH;k jyKaom yHu k m; csyfrSm NydKifyGJ0ifaom tajy;orm; wpfOD;jzpfygonf/ olonf udk,f tav;csed w f ifí avhusiahf eygonf/ odaYk omf vnf; NyKd iyf JG r0ifrSD olonf xdt k av;csed rf sm;udk cRwí f ab;z,fxm;vdu k yf gonf/ tu,fí olonf xdkt&mrsm;udk cRwfxm;ygu tav;csdefonf olYtm;aES;apygrnf/ tav;csdefrsm;onf avhusifhzdkY twGufaumif;ygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; xkt d &mrsm;[m NyKd iyf 0JG ifzt Ykd wGuf raumif;yg/ tajy;orm; wpfO;D onf ta&mw0ifrvkyf onft h &mwpfcsKUd wk&Yd ydS gonf/ tb,fh aMumifq h akd omf xkdt&mrsm;onf olYtm; NydKifyGJwGif ol\tm½Hkudk vGifhyg;apvdrfhrnf jzpf\/ c&pf,mefwkdY taejzifhvnf; igwkdYtm; tajy;NydKifyGJwGif xm;&Sd NyD;jzpf\/ igwkdY[m avhusifhcef; ,laejcif; r[kwfawmhyg/ odkYjzpfí tav;csed rf sm;udk ab;z,fxm;Mu&ygrnf/ c&pf,mef toufwmxJü tav;csed rf sm;rSm igwdt Yk m; bk&m;ocif\ trIawmfukd xrf;aqmif&mü aemufjyefqGJaomt&mrsm; jzpfygonf/ igwkdYtm; aemufqHk;aom yef;wkdifrS tm½HkvGifhyg;apaom rnfonfht&mudkrqdk tvdk r&SdMuyg/ igwko Yd nf ajy;vrf;tqH;k wkid af tmif a&mufzYdk tvd&k SdMuygonf/ odjYk zpfí igwk\ Yd toufwmrsm;xJoYkd 0ifvmaom tjypfrsm;udk ab;z,f xm;Mu &ygrnf/ igwko Yd nf tav;csed rf sm;udk csxm;Mu&ygrnf/ igwko Yd nf a,½Ic&pfawmfukd Munfv h Quf yef;wdik f ta&mufajy;Mu

,HkMunfolwdkYudk cGeftm;ESifh jynfhpHkapawmfrljcif; þt&mESihf pyfvsO;f í vlwüYkd trsm;ydik q f idk af om rSm;,Gi;f onfh cH,lcsufwpfckrSm uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk apmifhxdef;&eftwGuf uReaf wmfonf wpfpw kH pf&mudk vkyaf qmif&ygrnf[al om cH,cl suEf iS hf uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifudk ]]NrJNrHpGm udkifxm;&rnf}} [laom tjcm;rSm;,Gif;onfhcH,lcsuf&Sdygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; or®mw&m;rSm uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;&zkdY&ef bmudkrQ vHkavmufpGm uRefawmf rvk y f a qmif E k d i f y g/ uRef a wmf h u d k apmif h x d e f ; awmf r l a om ol r S m bk&m;ocif om jzpfawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfü NrNJ rpH mG pGu J ikd jf cif;rSm uReaf wmf r[kwfyg/ ]]qkawmif;aomtcsu[ f rl u l m;? 0dnmOfawmf tm;jzifh oifwdkY\ twGif;vludk cGeftm;ESifh NrJNrHckdifcHhapí/}} ({zuf 3;16) uReaf wmf\ twGi;f vlukd cGet f m;ESijhf ynfph akH pí cdik Nf rpJ mG qGu J idk f xm;aomt&mrSm oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; 68

29 P-29

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

&ygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf igwd\ Yk yHo k ufaojzpfawmfr\ l / ud, k af wmf onf yef;wH;k wkid o f Ykd ajy;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk f udk xrf;cJyh gonf/ c&pf,meftoufwmxJü uReaf wmf xrf;&rnft h &m rsm;pGm&Syd gonf/ uReaf wmf cH&aom qif;&J'u k u © rkd Munf/h yef;wkid \ f tqH;k udo k m Munfah eygonf/ ]]tjypf&SdaomolwdkYvufwGif? xkdrQavmufBuD;aom qD ; wm;aES m if h , S u f j cif ; ud k cH a wmf r l a omocif u d k axmuf½I qifjcifaomtm;jzif?h tm;avsmph w d yf sujf cif; ESihf uif;vGwt f ahH omiSg BuKd ;pm;Muavmh/ oifwo Ykd nf 'kp½du k t f jypfukd qdik Nf yKd if wdu k v f eS í f ud, k af oG; xGuf onfhwdkifatmif rcH&Muao;/}} (a[NAJ 12;3-4) oifonf yifyef;EGr;f e,f aeygovm;/ oifonf tm;enf;csed jYJ cif; udk cHpm;zl;ygovm;? odrYk [kwf vufajrm§ uft½I;H ay;&ef oif\vufrsm;udk ½kwo f rd ;f zl;ygovm;/ oifonf arQmpf if ay:rS ypfcsjcif;uJo h Ykd cHpm;zl;yg ovm;/ xdt k &mrsm;udk uReaf wmfcpH m;cJzh ;l ygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufygu rnfonfh tcsed u f mvürqkd oifüvnf; &Sdygrnf/ yifyef;EGrf;e,fjcif;udk atmifjrifausmfvTm;Edkifaomenf;vrf;ESifh oif\rsupf t d m½Hu k kd c&pfawmf ay:üom jyefvnfp;l pdu k af p&ef qE´ukd &&SdzdkYenf;vrf;udk oifhtm; or®musrf;pmu ajymjyxm;ygonf/ ]]xdkrSwpfyg;? ighom;? xm0&bk&m;qHk;rawmfrljcif;udk rrSwb f J raeESi/hf oif\tjypfukd ppfaq;awmfral om tcg pdwrf ysuEf iS /hf xm0&bk&m;onf cspaf wmfral om olukd qHk;rawmfrlwwf\/ vufcHawmfrlorQaom om;wdu Yk kd 'Pfcwfawmf rlwwf\[k oli,fwu Ykd q kd kd ouJo h ?Ydk oifwu Ykd kd ajymqdak om Mo0g'pum;udk arh avsmMh uoavm/}} (a[NAJ 12;5-6)

bk&m;ocifukd ykeu f efawmfveS jf cif;tm;jzifh xdt k &mudk a&G;,lc&hJ ygonf/ oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf þavmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;vmaomtcg tjypfxo J Ykd OD;ñGwfaponf/ tjypfw&m;ü arG;zGm;vmcJhMuygonf/ igwdkYonf tjypfudk a&G;cs,f&ef tmrcHxm;ygonf/ odkYjzpfygaomaMumifh tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfh toufwmudk jyKjyif ajymif;vJay;ygu uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif; &&SdchJ NyD;aemufydkif;ü bk&m;ocifonf uRefawmfhudk apmifhxdef;awmfrlygu uReaf wmfonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmf\ txJüvnf; oGm;vmawmfryl grnf/ xdt k &mrSm oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrlcsufyifjzpfygonf/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif; &&SdcJhaomtcg uRefawmf\ pdwfxJü touf&Sif&ef oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfudk uRefawmftm; ay;awmf rlonfjzpfaomaMumifh ,ckwGif uRefawmf\ txJü udef;0yfawmfrl aMumif;udk or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ uReaf wmf oGm;av&m&mü Doug Hammett oGm;vmjcif;omr[kwy f g/ bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf uRefawmfESifhtwl oGm;vmawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf jyKorQt&mü xdck Pjcif;wGif bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf&Sdyg\/ u,fwifjcif;onf wcPjcif;wGif oift h m; u,fwifawmfr&l ef oifonf OD;ñTwí f a,½Ic&pfawmftm; qkawmif;aomtcg bk&m;ocif \ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf oif\txJodkY 0ifawmfrl\/ xdk tcsdefrSpí 0dnmOfawmfudk oifü xm0& tpOf usdef;0yfawmfrl\/ tu,fí wpfpw kH pfO;D onf ol\txJü oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfukd used ;f 0yfawmfrl jcif;r&Syd gu olwo Ykd nf u,fwifjcif;odYk ra&mufMujcif; jzpfygonf/ uReaf wmf[m bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpfaMumif; tmrcHaomolrmS twG i f ; yd k i f ; ü ud e f ; 0yf a wmf r l a om bk & m;ocif \ oef Y & S i f ; aom 0dnmOfawmfjzpfygonf/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfonf wpfBudrf

67 P-30

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þrysufpD;Ekdifaom arG;zGm;jcif;\ obm0aMumifh tu,fí uReaf wmfonf rysupf ;D Ekid af om rsK;d aphtm;jzifh arG;zGm;vmygu xdt k &m rSm tpOftNrJwnfí b,faomtcgrS ta0;odkY vk,lroGm;Edkifyg/ uRefawmfhrSm xm0& touf&SdNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmf[m xdkt&mESifh xku d w f efír[kwyf g/ xdt k &mudk uReaf wmfv h yk t f m; (tusi)hf jzifh &,ljcif; vnf; r[kwfyg/ uRefawmf[m rysufpD;Ekdifaom rsKd;aphwnf;[laom bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmftm;jzifh w k , d arG;jcif;udk cH&aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ xdkxm0&toufudk b,faomtcgrQ rqHk;½HI;Edkifyg/ ta0;odv Yk nf; vk,í l r&yg/

]]odaYk omfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ 0dnmOfawmfonf oifwYkd txJü used ;f 0yfawmfrv l Qi?f oifwo Ykd nf Zmwdyuwd bufü &SMd uonfr[kw/f 0dnmOfyuwdbufü &SMd u\ c&pf a wmf \ 0d n mOf u d k r&aomol r nf o nf u m; c&pfawmfESifhrqkdif/}} (a&m 8;9) vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaomtcg olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif\ 0dnmOfawmf udef;0yfaom ae&mjzpfvmonf[k or®m usr;f pmu oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf olw\ Ykd txJü ae&m,lí ude;f 0yfawmfr\ l / tm'Hukd zefqif;awmfral omtcg bk&m;ocif\ yHo k @efawmf ESit hf nD pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;xJü zefqif;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ tm'Htm; tjypfjyKEidk af om enf;vrf;jzifh zefqif;awmfrcl jhJ cif;r[kwyf g/ olonf

igwko Yd nf yef;uH;k wdik o f Ykd ajy;aeMuonfjzpf&m igwko Yd nftjypf jyKrdjcif;ESifh trSm;rsm;udk jyKrdaom tcsdef&SdMuygvdrfhrnf/ igwkdYonf bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm;jzpfaMumifh igwko Yd nf rSeaf om vrf;aMumif; ay:odYk jyefvnfa&mufEikd &f ef ud, k af wmfonf igwd\ Yk b0 toufwm xJoYkd yJjh yifq;kH rjcif;'Pfukd ,laqmifvmygvdrrhf nf/ oift h m; rSeaf om vrf;ñTefjcif;ü oGm;apzkdY&efBudK;pm;apmifha&Smufum oifMum;ay;oludk txiftjrifao;&G&H mS jcif; rjyKEiS /hf xdak e&mü wpfpw kH pfO;D onf oifEiS hf twl&í dS oift h m; rnfonft h &mudk vky&f rnfukd ajymjyay;aomaMumifh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sdyg/ ]]oifwo Ykd nf qH;k rawmfrjl cif;udck v H Qi?f om;wdu Yk jkd yKouJh od?Yk bk&m;ocifonf oifwu Ykd kd jyKawmfr\ l / taMumif; rl u m;? tbrqH k ; raom om;wpf p H k wpf a ,muf &S d o avm/ om;taygif ; wk d Y o nf cH w wf a om qH;k rjcif;udk oifwo Ykd nf rcHbaJ evQi?f om;&if;r[kw?f rif;OD;rif;vGif&aomom; jzpfMu\/ wpfenf;um;? ud, k u f m,ESihf pyfqidk af om tbwdv Yk ufjzifh igwdo Yk nf qH;k rjcif;udck &H aomtcg? olwu Ykd ½kd akd oMu\/ xkrd Qru? pdwf0dnmOfwdkY\ tbxH 0efcHtyfESHvQif? touf csrf;om&Murnf r[kwfavm/}} (a[NAJ 12;7-9) igwko Yd nf Bu;D jyif;vmaomtcg igwku Yd kd yJjh yifay;aom ajrBu;D qdkif&m zcifrsm;udk igwkdYwGif ajrmufrsm;pGmaom olwdkYü&Sd Muygonf/ uReaf wmft h m; a&csK;d cef;odYk oGm;&ef zcif\ oGm;wdu k w f H (odrYk [kw)f cg;ywfu, kd al y;&ef apcdik ;f cJjh cif;rsm;udk uReaf wmfrw S rf yd gonf/ uReaf wmf a&csK;d cef;odYk roGm;rDS id, k v kd Quf &Sad ecJyh gonf/ tb,faMumifq h adk omf bmawGjzpfvmrnfudk uRefawmf odcJhygonf/ xkdt&m[m emusifrI jzpfrnfukd uReaf wmfocd yhJ gonf/ uReaf wmf onf jyif;xefpmG id, k ckd yhJ gvQif tazu cdkif;awmhrnfr[kwf[k tpOftNrJpOf;pm;rdcJhygonf/ xkdodkY b,faomrQjzpfrvmcJhyg/ vuf0g;jzifh½dkufjcif;udkom cHcJh&ygonf/

twGif;ydkif;ü usdef;0yfawmfrlonfh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf ]]crnf;awmfonf or®mw&m;udjk yaom 0dnmOfawmf wnf;[laom wpfyg;aom OyZÑm,fq&mudk oifwEYkd iS hf twl tpOfrjywf wnfaeapjcif;iSg oifwdkYtm; ay;awmfrlrnf/}} (a,m 14;16)

P-31

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

uRefawmfhtazonf uRefawmfhudk tvGefcspfaomaMumifh qHk;r yJjh yifcyhJ gonf/ uReaf wmfonf zciftm; ½dak oav;pm;rIukd ay;cJyh gonf/ uRefawmfonf tazudk ½dkaoav;pm;onfjzpfí olYtm; b,faom tcgrS tefcHíjyefrajymcJhyg/ igwkdY\ b0toufwmxJü bk&m;ocif\ qHk;ryJhjyifawmfrl jcif;onf ajrBu;D ESiq hf idk af om igwd\ Yk zcifxrH S &&So d nfh qH;k ryJjh yifjcif; xuf ydí k rsm;pGmta&;Bu;D Ny;D ydí k tvGef ta&;ygaom toufaoG;cJ jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf bk&m;ocifonf tprS tqHk;xd jrifawmfrl\/ bk&m;ocifonf igwkdY vkyfaeaom t&mrsm;udkom jrifawmfro l nf r[kw?f igwd\ Yk &nf&, G o f nft h aMumif;&if;ESihf pdwEf v S ;kH udyk g jrifawmfr\ l / tu,fí uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocif\om;rSev f Qif om;uJhodkYqHk;ryJhjyifjcif;udk cH&ygvdrfhrnfjzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu qdkxm;ygonf/ uReaf wmfo h m;orD;rsm;ay:ü uReaf wmfwm0ef&ydS gonf/ olwo Ykd nf uReaf wmft h m;jzifh qH;k ryJjh yifjcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ oif\om;orD;rsm; ay:ü oifwm0ef&Sdygonf/ olwkdYonf oifhtm;jzifh yJhjyifqHk;rjcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ tu,fí oifonf ud, k af wmf\ om;jzpfygu oifonf udk,fawmf\ yJhjyifqHk;rjcif;udk cH&rnf[k bk&m;ocifrdefYawmfrl\/ tu,fí oifonf yJjh yifq;kH rjcif;udrk cH&ygu oifonf rif;OD;rif;vGif &aomom;? w&m;0if r[kwaf omom; jzpfygonf/ oifonf ud, k af wmf ESifhrqkdifyg/ uRefawmf u,fwifjcif;&onfudkrnfodkY aocsmpdwfcsEdkif rnfenf;/ tu,fí uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ om;rSefvQif yJjh yifq;kH rjcif;udk cH&ygrnf/ bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm;tm;vH;k wko Yd nf xm0&bk&m;\ qHk;ryJhjyifjcif;udk cHMu&ygrnf/ þt&monf xm0& vHNk cKH rEI iS hf rnfoYkd qufE, G rf &I ydS goenf;/ igwkt Yd jypfvyk af omtcg bk&m;ocifonf igwku Yd kd qH;k ryJjh yifawmfryl g ovm;/ igwk d Y t jypf vk y f a omtcgwk d i f ; ü igwk d Y \ u,f w if j cif ; qH;k ½H;I oGm;ygovm;/ bk&m;ocifonf ud, k af wmfEiS q hf ufo, G rf I qH;k ½I;H

jzpfygonf/ aemufqHk;wGif xdkysufpD;wwfaom rsKd;aphonf aooGm; &ygrnf/ odkYaomfvnf; 'kwd, arG;jcif;cHaom igwkdYonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk xJodkY arG;zGm;vmcJhMuNyD;jzpfygonf/ xdkarG;zGm;jcif;rSm bk&m; ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfwnf;[laom rysupf ;D rykyo f ;kd Ekid o f nfh rsK;d aph tm;jzifh arG;zGm;jcif;u ae&m,lcJhygonf/ ]]odkYjzpfí? ,HkMunfjcif;onf Mum;emjcif;tm;jzifh jzpf\/ Mum;emjcif;onfvnf;? bk&m;ocif\ pum;awmftm;jzifh jzpf\/}} (a&m 10;17) tb,faMumifq h akd omf uReaf wmf[m u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufcNhJ yD jzpf\/ bk&m;ocif onf uReaf wmft h m; tm'H\ tjypf'Pfp&D ifjcif;\ aojcif;udk aMunmawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ bk&m;ocifu '' Doug '' oifonf i&Joo Ykd mG ;Ny;D jzpfygonf/ tjypf'Pfp&D ifjcif;rSm ta0;odYk z,f&mS ;oGm; cJNh y;D jzpfygonf/ xdt k &m[m aq;aMumcJNh y;D jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdkaomf xdktjypftwGuf a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taoG;awmf tm;jzifh tjynfht0 ay;qyfcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfukd a[majymjcif; tm;jzifh bk&m; ocif\oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrljcif;aMumifh uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ tdrfaxmifrdom;pk xJodkY arG;zGm;vmcJh ygonf/ þtopfaom arG;zGm;jcif;onf rysufpD;Edkifaom arG;zGm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ tb,f aMumifq h akd omf xdt k &mrSm xm0&umv touf &Sifvsuf wnf&Sdawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmftm;jzifh jzpfygonf/ aemufq;kH wGif þrysupf ;D Ekid af om arG;zGm;jcif;onf rysupf ;D Ekid af om tarGukd cHjcif;xJü tqH;k oyfomG ;rnfjzpfaMumif; uwdawmfukd vnf; uReaf wmf &&Syd gonf/ xdak e&m[m bk&m;ocifEiS hf twl&adS e&m aumif;uiftrd af wmfjzpfí b,fawmhrS rysupf ;D Edik ?f vk,o l mG ;ívnf; r&Ekdifyg/

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rd o m;pk j zpf a paomtcg uRef a wmf o nf c&pf a wmf ü &S d o rQaom t&mtm;vH;k udk tarGcaH omolwpfa,muf jzpfvmcJyh gonf/ (1 a,m 5;11-12)/ a,½I c &pf a wmf ü &S d a om touf r S m xm0&touf ? bk&m;ocif qkid af omtouf? rysupf ;D Edik f aom toufEiS hf rnpfnL; aom toufjzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh touf&SifaomoluJhodkY oifhudk uReaf wmf ajymqdak eygonf/ ud, k u f m,ESihf qkid af om toufr[kw?f xm0&touf jzpfygonf/ onft h &if uReaf wmf[m rdrt d jypfaMumifh i&JoYkd OD;wnfaeygonf/ ,ckwiG f uReaf wmf\ OD;wnfaeaom c&D;vrf; qHk;rS aumif;uifEkdifiHawmfodkY jzpfygonf/

oGm;aom wpfpHkwpfOD;udk tb,faMumifh qHk;ryJhjyifawmfrloenf;/ tu,fí olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif\ om;r[kwaf wmhb;l qdyk gu bk&m; ocifonf olwu Ykd kd qH;k ryJjh yifawmfrrl nfr[kwyf g/ igwko Yd nf wpfBurd f u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&cdS yhJ gu tpOftNrJ u,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&adS eygonf/ igwko Yd nf tpOftNrJ ud, k af wmf\ *½kpdkufjcif;ESifh tcGifh tmPmatmufü &SdaeMuygonf/ igwkdYonf abmifjyifoaYkd &mufaomtcg qH;k ryJjh yif&efrmS ud, k af wmf\ wm0efjzpfyg onf/ tu,fí oifonf wpfBudrfwpfcgrQ bk&m;ocif\ qHk;r yJjh yifjcif;udk rcHcyhJ gu oifonf ud, k af wmfEiS q hf idk af om olr[kwaf om aMumifjh zpfygrnf/ oif[m pmwefEiS o hf m qdik yf grnf/ bk&m;ocifonf pmwef\om;orD;rsm;tm; wpfa,mufudkrQ qHk;ryJhjyifawmfrlrnf r[kwfyg/ ]]taMumif;rlum;? xdt k bwdo Yk nf rdrt d vdo k v Ykd u kd í f wcPom qHk;ray;Mu\/ udk,fawmfrlum;? rdrd oef&Y iS ;f jcif; yg&rDawmfukd igwdo Yk nf qufqaH p jcif;iSg? igwd k Y t usKd ; ud k axmuf í om qH k ; ray;awmf r l \ / qHkrjcif;rnfonfum;? cH&pOftcg 0rf;ajrmufp&m rxif? 0rf;enf;p&m xifwwf\/ odaYk omfvnf;? qH;k r jcif;udk cH&aomolwo Ykd nf? aemufrS Nird o f ufjcif;ESihf oufqdkifaom ajzmifhrwfjcif;tusKd;udk cH&Mu\/}} (a[NAJ 12;10-11) pnf;urf;wusjyKjyifjcif;ESifh qHk;ryJhjyifjcif;\ &nf&G,fcsufrSm rnfonft h &m jzpfygoenf;/ xkt d &mrSm (a&mr 8;29) ü awGU&onf/ igwkt Yd m; bk&m;ocif\yHo k P²mefxüJ jyKjyifawmfr\ l / ({zuf 1;5-6) ü igwdo Yk nf ud, k af wmfa&SUü oef&Y iS ;f jcif;&Sí d tjypfwifciG Ehf iS hf uif;um cspjf cif;arwåmxJü &S&d rnf/ (a[NAJ 12;10) ü igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmf\ oefY&Sif;awmfrljcif;udk rQa0cHpm;olrsm; jzpfMuzdkY&ef[laom &nf&G,f csufyif jzpfygonf/

4/ topfaom rsKd;aph ]]razmufjyef rysupf ;D wwfaom rsK;d aphwnf;[laom touf&iS í f tpOftNrJ wnfawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmftm;jzifh jzpfzGm;aomaMumifh nDtpfudkrsm;udk cspfa,mifraqmif trSefcspfjcif; tvdkYiSg? pdwfxJrSm or®mw&m; udk em;axmifvsuf? udk,fpdwfESvHk;udk pifMu,fapNy;D onfEiS hf tnD? pifMu,faompdwEf iS hf tcsi;f csi;f tm;Bu;D aom cspfjcif;arwåm&SdMuavmh/}} (1ay 1;23) uReaf wmfonf þavmuodYk arG;zGm;vmaomtcg ysupf ;D Ekid af om rsK;d aphtm;jzifh uReaf wmf arG;zGm;vmcJo h nf/ þpmudk zwf½aI om oifwYkd ta,mufwidk ;f wd[ Yk m wpfaeYaomtcg aoMu&ygvdrrhf nf/ oifonf ud, k u f m,qkid &f mü þtoufukd ausmv f eG o f mG ;&ygvdrrhf nf/ oifonf þavmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;apcJah om rsK;d aphrmS tm'H\ rdom;pkrS vmaom ysufpD;ykyfodk;Ekdifonfh rsKd;aphjzpfygonf/ oifonf touf&SifzdkY&ef arG;zGm;vmcJhjcif;r[kwfyg/ oifonf aozd&Yk efom arG;zGm;vmcJ&h ygonf/ taES;ESit hf jref a&mufvmrnfjzpf ygonf/ oifü ysupf ;D Ekid af om arG;zGm;jcif;&S\ d / tb,faMumifq h akd omf oif[m ysupf ;D Edik af om rsK;d aphtm;jzifh arG;zGm;vmcJyh g onf/ xdt k &mrSm oif\ rdbESpyf g;wdu Yk oifu h kd ay;Edik o f nfh taumif;qH;k aom t&myif 64

33 P-33

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oif o nf rnf o d k Y touf &S i f o nf t aMumif ; ES i f h rqk d i f b J aumif;uifEikd if aH wmfoYdk oGm;rnfukd oif od&adS p&ef bk&m;ocifonf oifu h kd u,fwifawmfrcl o hJ nf r[kwyf g/ oift h m; tjypf vkyzf Ykd vdik pf if ay;&ef udk,fawmfonf oifhudk u,fwifawmfrlonf r[kwfyg/ wpfaeYaomtcg oifonf udk,fawmfa&SUü tjypftemtqmr&Sd? tjypfwifcGifhESifh uif;vQuf pHkvifaomol? oefY&Sif;aomoltjzpf ay:vmap&ef bk&m;ocifonf oifu h kd u,fwifawmfrjl cif; jzpfygonf/ xdak eYü oifonf tjynft h 0bke;f 0if pm;jcif;(cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif;)odYk a&muf&dS oGm;ygrnf/ rnfonfhtjypfodkY r[kwf? rnfonfh tjypftemtqmrQ r&Sb d J ay:vmzd&Yk efEiS hf oifonf xm0&umv twGuf ud, k af wmf\ aus;Zl;awmf\ pifwpfckjzpfzdkY&ef jzpfygonf/ tu,fí yk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D u oifonf u,fwifjcif; &Edik af omfvnf; aemufyikd ;f ü xku d ,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H Edik yf gonf[k ajymqdyk gu bk&m; ocif\ tBut H pnfEiS hf pDru H ed ;f onf ysupf ;D oGm;vdrrhf nf[í l ajymqdk jcif;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif; arwåmonf cdkifvHkatmif Bu;D rm;jcif;? eufejJ cif;? aumif;jrwfjcif;? r&S[ d í l olwaYkd jymqdjk cif;om jzpfygonf/ olwu Ykd bk&m;ocif\ qH;k ryJjh yifawmfrjl cif;onf rnfonfh wefzdk;rQr&Sd[k ajymqkdjcif;jzpfygonf/ odjYk zpfí bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf tkwjf rpfay:ü uReaf wmf ajymqko d nfrmS oifüxm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf crnf;awmf\ vkyaf qmifawmf rljcif;tm;jzifh tmrcHay;xm;ygonf/

odo Yk mG ;&ef ae&mudk jyifqifay;awmfr\ l / uReaf wmfonf a&S;a[mif; rsK;d qufrS ajymif;vJ&ygrnf/ uReaf wmfonf tm'H\ rdom;pkEiS hf qkid í f aepOf i&Jonf uRefawmfhtwGuf c&D;vrf;qHk;jzpf\/ odkYaomfvnf; uRefawmfonf a,½Ic&pfawmfudk uRefawmf\ u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HMk unfu;kd pm;aom aeYrpS í bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmft h m; tm'H\ rdom;pkrS EIw, f í l a,½Ic&pfawmf\ rdom;pk0if pm&if;xJü xnfo h iG ;f awmfr\ l / a,½Ionf uReaf wmfrh o d m;pk\ OD;acgif;jzpfvmygonf/ 2/ topfaom obm0Zmwd xdo k jYkd zpfysucf ahJ omtcg uReaf wmfonf topfaom obm0udk tarGccH yhJ gonf/ uReaf wmf\ Zmwda[mif;onf tjypfü csnaf ESmifxm; yg\/ uRef a wmf o nf tpOf t NrJ tjypf j yKae\/ uRef a wmf o nf aumif;atmif b,fvdkbJBudK;pm;ygap tjypfxJodkYom usa&mufcJh& ygonf/ oHrIHoHp uav;rsm;onf oHvkdufay: pGJuyfaeouJhodkY jzpfcyhJ gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; uReaf wmfonf a,½Ic&pfawmfukd u,fwif &Sit f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcaH om tcg uReaf wmft h m; bk&m;ocif\ Zmwd yuwdukd ay;awmfrcl yhJ gonf/ xdt k &mrSm bk&m;ocif ud, k af wmfwidk \ f Zmwdyuwdyif jzpfygonf/ (2ay 1;4) ,ckwGif uRefawmfonf ajzmifhrwfjcif;odkY a&mufNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmfonf pHkvifjcif; tqifhodkY a&mufNyD[k ajymqdkjcif; r[kwyf g/ tjypfukd jyKaom uReaf wmf\ Zmwda[mif;vnf;&Syd gao;\/ odkYaomfvnf; ,ckwGif uRefawmfü a&G;cs,f ydkifcGifh&Sd\/ txufu uReaf wmfonf tjypfü csnaf ESmifvsu&f \ dS / ,ckwiG f uReaf wmfü a,½I c&pfawmf twGuftouf&Sif&efa&G;cs,fydkifcGifh&SdNyD;jzpf\/ (a&m 6-8) 3/ topfaom c&D;vrf;qHk; uRefawmfu,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufaomtcg topfaom c&D; vrf;qHk;udkvnf; vufcH &&SdNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmfhtm; bk&m;ocif\

63 P-34

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

ESifhtwl xm0&umv touf&Sif&Sdaejcif;rSm uif;vGwfapjcif;jzpf ygonf/ aumif;uifoo Ykd mG ;aom vrf;wpfc&k adS Mumif; a,½I rdeaYf wmfr\ l / ud, k u f m,ydik ;f qdik &f mr[kw?f 0dnmOfyikd ;f qdik &f m obm0xJü arG;aom 'kwd, arG;jcif;&Sdygonf/ xdkt&mrSm udk,fcEÅmü aoí wpfzef vl 0ifpm;jcif; oabmrsK;d r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm oifu, kd w f idk f uav;oli,f jyefjzpfoGm;um oifvTJacsmfcJhaomt&mrsm;udk BudK;pm;í rSefuefap jcif;r[kwfyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf rdefYawmfrlaom aumif;uifodkY oGm;&mvrf;rSm 'kw, d arG;zGm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ igwdo Yk nf bk&m;ocif\ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh 'kwd, arG;jcif;udk cHMu&ygonf/ (wdwk 3;5) ud, k af wmfonf u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufaomtcsed üf igwd\ Yk touf wmrsm;xJodkY 0ifvmum igwdkYudk topfarG;apawmfrl\/ (odkYr[kwf) igwdkYtm; touf&Sifapawmfrlí bk&m;ocifESifh rdwfo[m, jyKap awmfrl\/

tcef; (3) om;awmf\vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif; ]]om;a,mufsm;udk zGm;jrifvdrfhrnf/ xkdom;onf rdrv d w l u Ykd kd tjypfru S ,fcRwrf nfo h l jzpfaomMumif?h a,½I [laom trnfjzifh rSn&hf rnf [k aumif;uifwrefq\ kd /}} (róJ 1 ;21) xm0& vHNk cKH rüI a,½Ic&pfawmfonf rnfonft h &mudk vkyaf qmif awmfrlygoenf;/ (róJ 1;21)ü udk,fawmf arG;zGm;awmfrlonfESifh a,½I[al om trnfuakd y;Mu\[k qkyd gonf/ a,½I [laomtrnfemr \qdv k &kd if;rSm ]]u,fwif&iS }f } [lí jzpfygonf/ yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;onf ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfay:ü,HkMunfaomtcg olonfu,fwifjcif;odYk a&muf&dS oGm;Ny[ D k or®musr;f uqdyk gonf/ (a&mr 10;19-13) olwdkYonf aemufqHk;wGif u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&ef bk&m;ocifonf olwdkYudk xkdtajctaexJü xm;&Sdawmfrlonf[lí ajymqdjk cif;r[kwyf g/ vlonf ypöKyeÜ u f mvü u,fwifjcif;&Edik o f nf[k qdkvdk&if;jzpfygonf/ xkdt&mrSm jzpfEdkif\/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;twGuf tzd;k tcudk ay;qyf awmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpf\/ odjYk zpfí u,fwifjcif;onf ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ vkyfaqmifawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ xm0& vHNk cKH r\ I Mo0g'u uReaf wmfu,fwifjcif;&onfh aeYrpS í bk&m;ocifEiS t hf wl tdraf wmfoo Ykd mG ;aomaeYxd uReaf wmfü vHNk cKH r&I o dS nf [k qdkxm;ygonf/ uRefawmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk b,faomrS qHk;½HI; vdrfhrnf r[kwfaMumif;udk uRefawmf taotcsmpdwfcsEdkifygonf/ ud, k af wmf\ om;orD;rsm; xJrS wpfa,mufaomol taejzifh bk&m; ocifonf uReaf wmft h m; jiif;y,faomaeYoYkd b,faomtcgrQ &Sv d rd rhf nf

oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ topfarG;zGm;jcif; (wd 3;5) xJü u,fwifjcif;onf oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmf\ 'kw, d arG;jcif;ESiYf qkid af om aq;aMumjcif;ESihf topfjyKjyifjcif;tm;jzifh vmonfudk igwdkYtm; ajymjyxm;ygonf/ u,fwifjcif;rSm igwdkY vkyaf qmifaom ajzmifrh wfjcif;tm;jzifh r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm bk&m;ocif \ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOf\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;tm;jzifh jzpfygonf/ oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dnmOfawmfonf igwdu Yk kd topfarG;zGm;apawmfr\ l / (od)Yk igwdx Yk üJ toufukd tjrpfpJG apawmfr\ l / 1/ topfaomrdom;pk i&JoYkd oGm;&ef xku d w f efaom uReaf wmft h zdYk aumif;uifü xm0& toufukd ay;awmfr\ l / uReaf wmfonf tjcm;aom rdom;pkEiS q hf idk \ f / uReaf wmft h m; tm’\ H rsK;d pOfrsK;d qufrS a&TUajymif;í aumif;uif Edik if aH wmf 62

35 P-35

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmfonf ud, k af wmfEiS hf qdik yf g\/ ]]xm0&vHNk cKH rrI &S}d } [lí uReaf wmfac:qdak om t&mudk ,HMk unfaomolonf tvGef ½d;k om; ajzmifhrwfaom vlwpfcsKdUwkdYonf igwkdY\ urÇmavmuxJü &SdaeMu ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwkdYtm; ay;awmfrlNyD;jzpfaom u,fwif jcif;udk igwko Yd nf wpfae&m&mü tjypfwpfpkH wpf&mudk jyKryd gu qH;k ½H;I oGm;Edik o f nf[k olw, Ydk MkH unfMuygonf/ tu,fí xm0& vHNk cKH ro I nf or®musr;f pmxJü oGeo f ifaomt&m jzpfygu bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywf awmfxJü rjzpfEkdifonfh wpfcsKdUaom t&mrsm;udk oifhtm;azmfjyvdk ygonf/ ]]xdek nf;wl igqko d nfum;? bk&m;ocif\ aumif;uif wrefwo Ykd nf aemifw&aom vlqdk;wpfa,mufü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&SdMuonf [kred aYf wmfr\ l /}} (vkum 15;10) ajrBu;D ay:ü wpfpw kH pfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;okYd a&mufaom tcg xdt k csed f cPcsi;f wGif aumif;uifü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&S\ d / aumif; uifü&Sad om aumif;uifwrefwEYdk iS hf vlwo Ykd m 0rf;ajrmufjcif; &SMd uonf r[kwfyg/ aumif;uifwrefrsm; &Sd&m t&yfü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sd\/ bk&m;ocif teEÅwefcdk;&Sif udk,fawmfwkdifrSwpfyg; tjcm;aomrnf olonf aumif;uifwref &S&d m ae&mü&Sad wmfrrl nfenf;/ crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf rdryd v’iaf wmfay:ü xdik af wmfrl vsuf wpfpw kH pfO;D onf u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaomtcg 0rf;ajrmufawmfrl\/ odjYk zpfí xm0&vHNk cKH ro I m rrSeyf gu aumif;uifü bk&m;ocif\ 0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf rjzpfEdkif&m/ udk,fawmf 0rf;ajrmuf&aom vl wpfa,mufonf eufjzefaeYwGif wpfzef qHk;½IH;oGm; Ekdifygovm;/ bk&m;ocifonf cyfodrf;aomt&mwkdYudk odjrifawmfrl\/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;udk qHk;½IH;vkeD;rwwfjzpfvdrfhrnfudk udk,fawmf odawmfr\ l / odjYk zpfvQit f jypfom; wpfO;D csi;f wd\ Yk u,fwifjcif;ay:ü udk,fawmfonf tb,faMumifh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sd&ygoenf;/

rarG; vmEdik o f nf omru pHv k ifaom toufwmüvnf; touf&iS í f r&Edkifyg/ ]]a,½Iuvnf;? a&ESifh 0dnmOfawmf rarG;aomol rnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfoYkd r0if&[k igtrSef tuefq\ kd /}} (a,m 3;5) 'kw, d arG;jcif;[lonfrmS oifonf trd0rf;xJoYkd jyef0ifí b0udk jyefvnftpjyK um pHv k ifjcif;odaYk &muf&ef 'kw, d tBurd f BuKd ;pm;jcif; oabmr[kwfyg/ xdkt&mrSm ]]&GufopfxGufjcif;}} (odkY) auif;aom toufwmü touf&iS &f ef BuKd ;pm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ vlwpfa,mufonf toif;awmfxüJ toif;0ifjcif;? AwåZd rH *Fvmudk cHjcif;tm;jzifh 'kw, d arG;jcif; r&&SEd ikd yf g/ xdek nf;vrf;rSm aumif;uifoaYkd &mufaom enf;vrf; r[kwfyg/ vlwpfa,mufonf bk&m;ocif\ EdkifiHawmfxJodkY 0if&efrSm olonf ESpBf urd af rG;& ygrnf/ yxr? a&üarG;jcif;jzpfygonf/ xdt k &mrSm udk,fum,ydkif;qkdif&m arG;jcif;jzpf\/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf uav; oli,fwpfa,muf rarG;vmrD om;tdrfuGJ&ygrnf/ 'kwd,? 0dnmOfa&;qkdif&m arG;jcif;jzpfygonf/ þavmuxJodkY arG;zGm;vmonfESifh rvHkavmufao;yg/ igwkdYonf 'kwd, arG;jcif; cHMu&onfrSmoefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wefcdk;awmftm;jzifh jzpf ygonf/

topfarG;zGm;jcif;tm;jzifh u,fwifjcif; vm\ igwdkY wpfOD;csif;wdkYrSm tm'H\ tjypfobm0udk tarGcHvsuf avmuxJodkY arG;vmcJh Muygonf/ xdktjypfw&m;aMumifh igwdkYonf tjypfudk pdwfpGJvef;aeMuygonf/ igwdkYonf aojcif;wnf;[laom tjypfw&m;\tcudk tarGcMH u&ygonf/ xdak ojcif;rSm aoNy;D ocsKØ i;f odYk oGm;jcif;oufouf r[kwyf g/ xdt k &mrSm teEÅwefc;kd &Sif bk&m;ocifEiS hf cGcJ mG jcif;? bk&m;ocifEiS hf qufo, G rf jI yKjcif;rS uif;a0;apjcif;? ud, k af wmf

P-36

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tjypfw&m;onf wpfa,mufaomol (tm’)H tm;jzifh þavmuod0Yk ifí tjypfw&m;tm;jzifh aojcif;w&m;0ifonfEiS t hf nD vltaygif;wdo Yk nf tjypf&adS omaMumifh aojcif;odYk a&mufMu&\/}} [k qdv k &kd if;jzpfygonf/ þavmuxJodkY tjypfudk ,laqmifvmcJhaom olrSm tm'Hjzpf ygonf/ tb,faMumifh qdkaomf igwdkYonf tm'H\ trsKd;tEG,frS arG;zGm;vmcJMh u\/ igwdo Yk nf xdt k jypfw&m;udk tarGccH MhJ u\/ igwdo Yk nf aojcif;udk tarGcaH om oljzpfvmMu\/ igwdUk onf ud, k cf E¨m tm;jzifh wpfaeYaoí ocsØKif;odkYoGm;Mu&vdrfhrnfomru igwdkYonf 0dnmOf üvnf; aoaeMuonfjzpfí bk&m;ocifEiS hf qufE, G rf rI &SMd u&awmhyg/ igwdkYonf udk,fawmfhtm; pum;rajymEdkifMuawmhyg/ igwdkYonf xdt k ajctaeü aumif;uifEikd if o H Ykd b,fvrkd S oGm;í r&Ekid Mf uawmhyg/ tb,faMumifq h akd omf bk&m;ocifonf igwdEYk iS t hf wl vkyaf qmifp&m bmrQr&Sad wmhyg/ igwdo Yk nf tm’\ H rdom;pkxo J Ykd arG;zGm;vmcJMh uygonf/ þavmuxJ o d k Y ud k , f c E¨ m ü arG ; zG m ;vmjcif ; tm;jzif h tm'H \ rdom;pk0ifjzpfMuygonf/

(a,m 3) xJü c&pfawmfESifh pum;ajymqdk&ef vmcJhaom edaum'iftaMumif;udk igwdkYzwf&ygonf/ a,½Ionf q&mawmf wpfyg;xufyrkd í kd xl;uJonfukd Edak um'if od&cdS yhJ gonf/ a,½Iü wpfpkH wpfck xl;jcm;aomtaMumif;&Sdonfudk olodcJhygonf/ c&pfawmfu edaum'iftm;? ]]oifonf 'kw, d arG;jcif;udck &H rnf}} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / edaum'ifrmS xdu k o hJ aYkd om rdeaYf wmfrjl cif;tm;jzifh pdw½f w I af xG;cJh &ygonf/ tb,f aMumifq h akd omf olonf ud, k u f m,ykid ;f qdik &f m tqifh üom pOf;pm;rdcahJ omaMumifh jzpfygonf/ olonf trd0rf;xJoYkd wpfzef jyefí rarG;zGm;vmEdik o f nfukd odcyhJ gonf/ olu a,½Itm; ]]þt&m onf tb,fojYkd zpfEidk rf nfenf;} [k ar;avQmufav\/ &Si;f vif;onfh tajzrSm xdo k jYkd yefvnf rarG;zGm;Ekid yf g/ oifonf trd0rf;xJoYkd jyef0ifí

]]wpfzefwHka,½Iu? oifwdkY pdwfESvHk; ylyefjcif;r&Sd apESifh/ bk&m;ocifudk ,HkMunfMuavmh/ ighudkvnf; ,H k M unf M uavmh / igh t b\ td r f a wmf ü aep&m tcef;trsm;&Sd\/ odkYr[kwfvQif r[kwfaMumif;udk oifwt Ykd m; igrajymbJ rae/ oifwaYkd ep&m t&yfukd jyifqifjcif;iSg igoGm;&\/ igonf oGm;í oifwdkY aep&mt&yfukd jyifqifNy;D rS wpfzefvmjyefí? ig&S&d m t&yfü oifwdkY &Sdapjcif;iSg oifwdkYudk ighxHodkY odrf; qnf;rnf/}} (a,m[ef 14;1-3) vlwpfa,mufonf u,fwifjcif;&aomtcg olt Y wGuf tcef;udk aumif;uifü a,½Ic&pfawmfu jyifqifay;awmfral Mumif; or®musr;f pm uajymxm;ygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; wpfenf;enf;jzifh xm0&vHkNcHKrIr&Sd [lí or®musrf;pmu oGefoifonf[k qdkMuygpdkY/ bk&m;ocifonf oift h m;ay;aom u,fwifjcif;udk oifonf wpfenf;enf;jzifh qH;k ½I;H oGm; Ed k i f y gonf / od k Y j zpf v Qif a,½I o nf aumif ; uif ü oif h t wG u f wnfaqmufaom tcef;udk &yfwefo Y mG ;ygrnf/ þt&mudk Zmwfvrf;ozG,f pOf;pm;Munfyh g/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf aumif;uifü&Sdawmf rlí oifhtwGufaep&mtcef;udk jyifqifay; aeygonf/ oifonf tjypfvyk rf í d u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½H;I oGm;ygonf/ xkt d cg a,½Ic&pfawmfonf crnf;awmfxrH S xdt k cef;jyifqifjcif;trIukd &yfvu kd yf g/ olu,fwifjcif; qH;k ½I;H oGm;Ny/D olonf þae&modYk a&muf rvmawmhyg/ [laom owif;ud&k &Syd gonf/ xkaYd emuf wpfywfcefMY um aomtcg oifonf u,fwifjcif;&Mu\/ xí wzef tcef;jyifqifyg/ olu,fwifjcif;&MuNyD [laomowif;pum;udk a,½I&&Sdjyefygrnf/ ud, k af wmfonf wpfzefjyefomG ;í ajcmufaoGaY om eH&u H kd wnfaqmufjyef ygrnf/ ud, k af wmf tvkyu f kd &yfvu kd yf g/ olu,fwifjcif;qH;k ½I;H jyefygNy}D } [laom ttjcm;owif;udk &jyefygrnf/ xdkt&m[m jyuf&,fjyKzG,fjzpfonfudk uRefawmfodygonf/

igwdkYtm;vHk; 'kwd,-arG;jcif;cH&ef vdktyfrI

P-37

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

0dnmOfawmf\ topf jyKjyifjcif;tm;jzif¤h if;? igwdu Yk kd u,fwifawmfr\ l /}} (wd 3;5)

odaYk omfvnf; tu,fí oif\ u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½I;H onf[k oifonf ,HMk unfvQif xku d o hJ aYkd om wpfpw kH pf&mudk oifonf ,HMk unf&ygrnf/ xm0&vHkNcHKrIr&Sdjcif;taMumif;udk oifonf &yfípOf;pm;aomtcg xdt k &m rSm vH;k 0OóHrk jzpfEikd ?f &,fz, G af umif;ygonf/ tu,fpifppf u,f w if j cif ; od k Y a&muf a om ol o nf wpf z ef qH k ; ½I H ; aMumif ; ud k or®musrf;pm rnfonfhae&mürQ oGefoifjcif;r&Sdyg/ oifonf wpfBudrf bk&m;ocif\om;jzpfvmNyD; oiftjypf jyKEdkif&ef u,fwifjcif;qHk;½IH; oGm;onfudk oifhtm;rSwfrd pGJNrJJjcif; rjzpfapvdyk g/ qefu Y sizf ufrmS taMumif;&if;jzpfygonf/ vlwpfa,muf onf u,fwifjcif;ü a,½Ic&pfawmftm; rdru d ,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,HMk unf ud;k pm;aomtcg olt Y m; bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkxo J Ykd xnf0h ifapygonf/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0ifjzpfaomtcg vrf;rSm;odaYk &mufygu qHk;ryJhjyifjcif;udk cH&ygvdrfhrnf/ rdrdwdkYudk,fudk 'kwd,-arG;jcif;cH&aomol[lí ajymqdkMuaom vlrsm;pGmwdo Yk nf igwkYd urÇmay:ü &Sad eMuygonf/ olwo Ydk nf rdrw d Ykd ud, k u f kd bk&m;ocif\ om;[kac:qdMk uaomfvnf; olw\ Ykd b0touf &Siyf u kH r[kwaf Mumif;oufaojyygonf/ olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocif twGuf toufr&Si?f c&pfawmftwGuv f nf; &yfwnfrI ray;Muyg/ olwo Ydk nf bk&m;ocif\ t&mwkaYd emufoYkd rvdu k Mf uyg/ olwo Ydk nf bk&m;ocif twGuf tapcHvdkaompdwfqE´r&SdMuyg/ olwdkY\toufwm tm;jzifh olw[ Ykd m'kw, d arG;jcif;cHaomolrsm; r[kwaf Mumif; oufaoxlygonf/ odkYjzpfí olwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;qHk;½IH;oGm;Muonf r[kwfyg/ olwkdYonf rsm;pGmaom tjypfudkvkyfrdaomaMumifh bk&m;ocifonf olwdkY\u,fwifjcif;udk ½kwfodrf;oGm;cJhonf r[kwfyg/ jyóemrSm olwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;odkY vHk;0ra&muf&SdcJhMujcif;omjzpfygonf/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI a,½Ic&pfawmfonf rnfonft h &mudk vkyaf qmif aeygoenf;/ c&pfawmfvyk af qmifawmfral omt&monf uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk rnfoYkd tmrcHay; ygoenf;/

igwdkYtm;vHk; arG;&mygtjypfom;rsm;jzpfMu\ oifEiS hf uReaf wmfonf þurÇmavmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;vmaomtcg igwdo Yk nf tm'H\ rsK;d pOfqufxrJ S arG;vmcJMh uygaMumif; or®musr;f pmu oGeo f ifxm;ygonf/ wpfenf;qd&k aomf igwdüYk vlom;rdcifEiS hf zcif&dS Muonfomr[kwfyg/ igwdkYü tzdk;tzGm;rsm; acwftqufqufrS vmaom bd;k ab;bDbifrsm; &SMd uonf/ ajrBu;D ay:ü arG;zGm;vmcJo h rQ aomvlom;wdrYk mS {'ifO,smOfxüJ &Scd MhJ uaom tm'HEiS {Yf 0wdrYk S qif;ouf vmcJhMuygonf/ tm'HEiS hf {0tm; urÇmay:ü yxrOD;qH;k xm;&Scd ahJ omtcg olwYkd ESpOf ;D rSm pHv k ifpmG oef&Y iS ;f jcif;&Scd MhJ uygonf/ olwo Ykd nf bk&m;ocifEiS Yf twl rdwo f [m, zGUJ vsuf oGm;vmEkid Mf u ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf O,smOfawmfxo J Ykd qif;<uum tm'HEiS t hf wl oGm;vmawmfrcl hJ ygonf/ olwo Ykd nf wpfO;D ESiw hf pfO;D tjyeftvSef pum;ajym qdck MhJ uygonf/ tm'Honf {0\ tBujH yKcsuu f kd vku d ef mum bk&m;ocif wm;jrpf xm;aom toD;udk pm;cJhaom aeYa&mufvmcJhygonf/ ]]rpm;&}} [k bk&m;ocif wm;jrpfxm;aom tyifrmS wpfyifwnf;om &Scd yhJ gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; tm’o H nf xdt k yif\ toD;ud, k í l bk&m;ocifukd tmcH aomtm;jzifh pm;cJhavonf/ olonf xdck Pjcif;rSm aocJ&h \/ xdak ojcif;rSm ud, k cf E¨m aojcif; r[kw/f 0dÓOfa&; qkid &f m aojcif;jzpf\/ olonf rdru d , dk cf E¨mtm;jzifh vrf;oGm;vsuf? pum;ajymvsuf pOf;pm;vsuf&Sdaeygao;\/ odkYaomf vnf; olonf 0dnmOfyikd ;f qkid &f mü aoaeNyjD zpf\/ olonf aemufq;kH wGif udk,fcE¨müvnf; ao&rnfjzpf\/ xdkt&mrSm (a&m 6;23) ü ]]tjypfw&m;\ tpum; aojcif;aywnf;}} [lí ajymqdjk cif;taMumif; &if; jzpfygonf/ xdt k &mrSm (a&m 5 ; 12) ü ]]þaMumif;t&m[lru l m;?

59 P-38

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfrsm;tm;jzifh

]]odjYk zpfí vltm;jzifh aojcif;w&m;onf wnfouJo h ?Ykd aoaomolwdkY\ jyef&Sifjcif;w&m;onf vltm;jzifh wnfvsuf &Sd\/ vltaygif;wdkYonf tm’Htm;jzifh aojcif;odkY a&mufonf enf;wl? vltaygif;wkdYonf c&pf a wmf t m;jzif h touf j yef & S i f j cif ; od k Y a&muf&MuvwHh/}} (1aum 15;21-22)

1/ xm0&touf t wG u f uwd a wmf ]]igtrSeftuefqkdonfum;? ighpum;udkem;axmifí ighuakd pvTwaf wmfral om olukd ,HMk unfaomolonf xm0& toufudk &onfjzpfí tjypfpD&ifjcif;udk rcH&/ aojcif;rS touf&iS jf cif;odYk ul;ajrmufaomol jzpf\/}} (a,m 5;24) tu,fí uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk ,HMk unfí a,½Ic&pfawmf udk vufcyH gu uReaf wmfonf aojcif;rS touf & S i f j cif ; od k Y ul ; ajrmuf a omol j zpf o nf [ k or® m usrf ; pmu ajymxm;ygonf/ uReaf wmfonf ,ckypöKyeÜ u f mvüyif xm0&toufukd &&SdNyD;jzpf\/ u,fwifjcif;odkYa&mufaomol tm;vHk;wdkY twGuf xm0&touf&NyD[k bk&m;ocifu uwday;awmfrl\/ ]]xm0&}} qdv k o kd nfum;? ukeq f ;kH jcif;r&Sad Mumif; igwko Yd Md uygonf/ bk&m;ocif onf uRefawmfhudk u,fwifawmfrlaomtcg uRefawmftm; 1971ckESpf rSpí toufudk ay;awmfrl\/ uRefawmftouf&Sifaeoa&GU aemufq;kH aom touf&iS o f nfxo d mru b,faomrS rukeq f ;kH Edik af om toufukd ay;awmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfonf xkt d &mudk xm0& touf[k ac:ygonf/

]]þtaMumif ; t&m[l r l u m;? tjypf w &m;onf wpfa,muf aomoltm;jzifh þavmu odkY0ifí? tjypfw&m;tm;jzifh aojcif; w&m;0ifonfEiS t hf nD? vltaygif;wdkYonf tjypf&SdaomaMumifh aojcif;odkY a&mufMu&\/}} (a&m 5 ; 12) ]]a,½Iu? 'kw, d arG;jcif;udk rcHaomol rnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfukd rjrif&[k igtrSet f uef qdkonf[k jyefí rdefYawmfrl\/ edaum'ifuvnf;? touf B uD ; aomol o nf arG ; jcif ; ud k tb,f o d k Y cHEidk yf grnfenf;/ trd0rf;xJoYkd wpfzef0ifí arG;jcif;udk cHEidk yf grnfavm[k avQmuf\/ a,½Iuvnf;? a&ESihf 0dnmOfawmf rarG;aomolrnfonfum;? bk&m;ocif\ Ekid if aH wmfoYdk r0if&[k igtrSet f uefq\ kd / Zmwdyuwd arG;aomt&monf Zmwdyuwdjzpf\/ 0dnmOfawmf arG;aomt&monf 0dnmOfjzpf\/ 'kwd,arG;jcif;udk cH&rnf[k iga[majymonfudk tHhMojcif; r&SdESifh/}} (a,m 3;3-7)

tjypfwifawmfrljcif; r&SdawmhaMumif; uwdawmf bk&m;ocif\ om;onf tjypfp&D ifjcif;cH&vdrrhf nfr[kwaf Mumif; (a,m 5;24) xJü tjcm;aom uwdawmfudk igwkdYawGY&ygonf/ u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufNy;D aomolukd i&JoYkd ydjYk cif;rSm tjypfp&D ifawmfrl jcif;jzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk vufcaH om olonf xm0&toufukd ydik af wmfral om a,½Ic&pfawmf\

]]igwdu Yk siahf om ajzmifrh wfjcif;tusit hf m;jzifh r[kwb f ?J rdrdoem;jcif; u½kPmawmfESifhtnD 'kwd,arG;jcif; ESiq hf idk af om aq;aMumjcif;tm;jzif¤h if;? oef&Y iS ;f aom 58

39 P-39

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

yk*Kd¾ vu f kd vufc&H &Sd onfjzpfí tjypfp&D ifawmfrjl cif;odk aY &mufvrd rhf nf r[kw[ f k or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ xdo k o l nf bk&m;ociftm;jzifh b,faomtcgrQ tjypfpD&ifawmfrljcif;udkrcH &yg/ OyrmqdkMuygpdkY/ (1971)ckESpfupí uRefawmfaoaomaeYtxd wpfae&m&mü uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk qH;k ½H;I Edik v f Qif uReaf wmfonf bk&m;ocifa&SUü &yfaomtcg uRefawmfhtm; i&JodkY ydkYawmfrlygrnf/ ud, k af wmfonf uReaf wmfay:ü w&m;pD&ifawmfrrl nf/ xdo k v Ykd yk af qmif awmfrlygu uRefawmfonf b,faomrS tjypfpD&if awmfrljcif;odkY ra&mufEkdif awmhyg[lí ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfudk bk&m;ocif csKd;azmufawmfrljcif;jzpfygrnf/

r&SdcJhygu igwdkY[m arQmfvifhcsuf uif;rJhpGmjzifh qHk;½HI;oGm;Mu&ygrnf/ arG;&myg tjypfpaJG om igwdt Yk zdYk rdrw d Ykd ud, k u f u kd , kd f u,fwifEidk af om enf;vrf; odrYk [kwf rdrw d \ Ykd u,fwifjcif;udk rdrw d u Ykd , kd w f idk f xde;f odr;f xm;EkdifpGrf; aom enf;vrf; vHk;0r&Sdyg/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf igwdüYk Bu;D rm;aom apmifx h ed ;f rIukd jyKawmfrrlygu igwd[ Yk m bk&m;ocif \ om;orD;rsm;tjzpf wnfNrJaeEkdif&ef pGrf;Ekdifaom enf;vrf;r&Sdyg/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;rsm;jzpf zdkY&ef igwdkYudk,fwkdif rdrdwdkYudk,fudk u,fwifjcif;ESifh apmifhxdef;jcif; wm0ef u d k ay;tyf a wmf r l y gu igwd k Y o nf tjypf x J o d k Y usqif ; í bk&m;ocif xHawmfrS a0;uGmoGm;Muum xm0&touf twGuf arQmfvifhjcif; qHk;½HI;oGm;Mu&rnfrSm aocsvSygonf/ uReaf wmfonf (1971)ckEpS üf u,fwifjcif;&aomtcg? uReaf wmf toufwm ajymif;vJomG ;cJyh gonf/ use&f adS eao;aom ajrBu;D qkid &f m uRefawmfhtoufESifh xm0&umv onf vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; ajymif;vJ oG m ;cJ h o nf u d k uRef a wmf o d & aomaMumif h 0rf ; ajrmuf r d y gonf / uRefawmf\tdrfrSm i&Jür[kwf aumif;uifü&SdaeNyD;? b,faomrS ajymif;vJomG ;vdrrhf nf r[kwaf wmhyg/ uReaf wmfonf topfjyKjyifaom obm0ü bk&m;ocif\ om;jzpf&NyD/ uRefawmf[m jcm;em;aom vljzpfygNy/D u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufaomigwdo Yk nf w k , d arG;jcif; cHaom olrsm;jzpfMuonfukd odem;vnfMu&ygrnf/ bk&m;ocifonf igwdu Yk kd u,f w if a wmf r l cJ h y gonf / bk & m;ocif o nf igwd k Y u d k apmifhxdef;awmfrlygvdrfhrnf/ oHk;vGef;wifaom BudK;onfvnf; tvG,fwulrjywfwwf[k igwdt Yk m; or®musr;f pmu qdx k m;ygonf/ (a' 4 ;12)/ xm0& vHNk cKH rüI crnf;awmf\ vkyfqmifawmfrljcif;ESifh om;awmf\ vkyfaqmifawmf rljcif;wdkY qufEG,fonfudk igwdkYjrif&ygonf/ ,ckwGif oefY&Sif;aom 0dÓOfawmfb&k m;\ vkyaf qmifawmfrjl cif;ESihf 0dÓOf awmfonf igwdu Yk kd rnfoYkd apmifx h ed ;f awmfral Mumif;udk igwdYk Munf&h ygrnf/

3/ olonf uRefawmfhtm; ESifxkwfawmfrlrnf r[kwfaMumif; uwdawmf ]]crnf ; awmf o nf igh t m;ay;awmf r l o rQaom olwo Ykd nf ighxo H Ydk vmMuvdrrhf nf/ ighxo H v Ykd maom olukd igonf tvQi;f ry,f/}} a,m[ef 6;37 tu,fí vlwpfa,mufonf c&pfawmfxo H Ykd vmí trSew f u,f u,fwifjcif;odYk a&mufcyhJ gu ud, k af wmfonf xko d w l t Ykd m; b,faom tcgrS ESix f w k af wmfrrl nfr[kwaf Mumif; bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf uwd & S d y gonf / c&pf a wmf a&S U ü &yf a omvl w d k Y o nf ol w d k Y \ tjypfpD&ifawmfrljcif; cH&rnf [laompum;pkudk bk&m;ocif\ EIwf uywfawmfü toH;k jyKxm; ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf arSmifru kd x f o J Ykd ]]xdkolwdkYtm; ESifxkwfawmfrl}} vdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfvnf; þae&mü a,½Ic&pfawmfonf wlnaD om pum;pkukd u,fwifjcif;odaYk &mufaom bk&m;om;wdt Yk aMumif; ajymqd&k mwGiv f nf; toH;k jyKygonf/ olwt Ykd m; b,faomrS ESix f w k f jcif; rcHEikd Mf uyg/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\uwdawmfrmS uRef a wmf x m0&touf & \/ uRef a wmf o nf b,f a omtcgrQ tjypfp&D ifjcif;udk rcH&/ uReaf wmfonf b,faomtcgrQ ESix f w k jf cif; 40

57 P-40

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

bk&m;ocifonf vlpzD m(pmwef)udk zefqif;aomtcg ewfrif; om;uJo h Ykd zefqif;awmfrlco hJ nf/ ol[m jynfph akH om oef&Y iS ;f jcif;jzifh zefqif;cJí h Bu;D rm;aom aumif;uifwrefjf zpfNy;D aumif;uifü ta&; Bu;D aom vkyif ef;wpfcsKUd udk olü tyfEcHS o hJ nf/ usr;f pm ajymonfum;? odkYaomfvnf; vlpDzgonf bk&m;ocifudk remvdkaomol jzpfvmNyD; olonf bk&m;ocif\ yv’iaf wmfay:rSm xkid zf q Ykd ;kH jzwfvmcJo h nf/ ol\ 0g<um;armufrmrIaMumifh aumif;uifrS ESifxkwfjcif;cH&NyD; pmwef rm&fewf olwpfyg;\ *kPt f oa&ysuaf tmif r[kwrf rSef ajymqdo k ?l vdrfnmolESifh rkó&SdorQ tm;vHk;wdkY\ tz jzpfvmcJhonf/ ol[m bk&m;ociftm; BuD;rm;aom awmfvSefykefuefrIü OD;aqmifaom oljzpf\/ olonf pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;udk pGev Yf w T í f bk&m;ocifEiS hf rdwfo[m,jyKjcif;udkvnf; vHk;0OóHk ysufjym;apcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf tm'HESifh {0udk zefqif;awmfrlaomtcg ud, k af wmfonf olwYkd ESpOf ;D udk pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;jzifh zefqif;awmf rlcyhJ gonf/ olw k u Ykd kd tjypf\ ADZobm0 xJü tjypf&adS omolrsm;uJo h Ykd zefqif;awmfrljcif; r[kwfyg/ olwdkYtm; rpm;&[lí bk&m;ocif wm;jrpfxm;aom toD;ud, k í l pm;&ef zefqif;awmfrcl o hJ nfr[kwyf g/ olwu kYd , kd üf tjypfxJ odYk usq;kH &aom oabmr&Scd MhJ uyg/ od&Yk mwGif oifEiS hf uReaf wmfu h kd pHv k ifaom oef&Y iS ;f jcif;xJü zefqif; awmfrljcif; r[kwfyg/ igwdkYonf tm’H\ yHkP²mefjzifh zefqif;í ol\ usq;kH jcif;ESihf ol\tjypfAZD xJü tarGcMH u&ygonf/ igwd[ Yk m tjypfukd jyKvyk Ef ikd af om obm0jzifh tjypf&adS omolrsm;uJo h Ykd þavmuxJwiG f arG;zGm;vmcJhMuygonf/ tu,fí vlpDzmESifh tm'HwdkYu tjypfjyK&ef a&G;cs,cf MhJ uygu tjypfAZD obm0jzifh þ avmuxJoYkd arG;zGm;vmaom igwdo Yk nf þt&m rSeu f efaMumif; tmrcHorl sm;jzpfMuyg\/ igwdo Yk nf rdrw d u Ykd , kd u f kd tjypfxo J Ykd rusatmif xde;f odr;f Edik pf rG ;f vH;k 0r&SMd uyg/ tu,fí bk&m;ocifonf oifEiS hf uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif; tmrcHudk bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfxJü ay;xm;awmfrljcif;

cH&vdrfhrnfr[kwfyg/ odkYjzpfí uRefawmf u,fwifjcif; qHk;½IH;rnf[k ,HMk unfEidk yf g ao;ovm;/ vH;k 0 OóHk r,HMk unfEidk yf g/ 4/ uRefawmfb,faomrQ ysufpD;jcif;odkY ra&muf&[k uwdawmf ]]igho;kd wdo Yk nf ighpum;oHukd em;axmifí ighaemufoYkd vku d Mf u\/ xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd igod\/ xm0&toufuv kd nf; igay;\/ xkdodk;wdkYonf ysufpD;jcif;ESifh tpOfrjywf uif;vGwMf uvdrrhf nf/ tb,forl Q xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd ighvufrS rEkwfr,l&m/}} (a,m 10;27-28) tu,fí oifonf ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ odk;ppfrSefvQif udk,fawmfaemufodkY vdkuf&ygrnf/ tu,fí oifonf udk,fawmf aemufoYkd rvdu k yf gu oif\ ocif[m rnfojl zpfaMumif;udk aumif;pGm azmfjyxm;ygonf/ oifrnfoaYl emufov Ykd u kd o f nfukd Munfyh gu oif[m rnfoEl iS hf qkid o f nfukd od&ygvdrrhf nf/ þae&mü a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfrmS igwko Yd nf ud, k af wmf \om;orD;rsm;jzpfygu igwkdYonf b,faomtcgrS ysufpD;jcif;odkY ra&muf&yg/ þt&mrSm vlwpfa,muf? *dP k ;f *P odrYk [kwf w&m;a[m q&m wpfOD;ESifh qkdifaom uwdawmfr[kwf&yg/ þonfrSm ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfjzpfygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfu ]]—olwo Ydk nf b,f a omtcgrQ ysuf p D ; jcif ; od k Y a&muf v d r f h r nf r[k w f } } [l í rdeaYf wmfr\ l / a,½Ionf rdro d ;kd wpfaumifurkd QyifvQif i&Jr;D tkid x f o J Ykd ysufpD;ap&ef cGifhjyK&aom aeY&ufonf b,faomrQa&mufvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ odjYk zpfí uReaf wmf 'kw, d arG;jcif;cH&aom aeYu pí uReaf wmfü &Sdaom u,fwifjcif;udk qHk;½IH;&aom tEÅ&m,f b,faomrS r&Sdyg/ bk&m;ocifonf uReaf wmfay:ü tjypfp&D ifjcif; odrYk [kwf ESix f w k af wmf rljcif; odkYr[kwf ysufpD;jcif;odkYa&muf&ef cGifhjyKawmfrljcif; tEÅ&m,f b,fawmhrS&Sdvdrfhrnfr[kwfyg/ xdkodkYjzpfEdkifonfh wpfckwnf;aom

41 P-41

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

enf;vrf;rSm a,½Ic&pf awmfonf rkomESifhqdkifaomoljzpf&ygrnf/ ud, k af wmfü rkótvsO;f r&Sad Mumif; uReaf wmf odygonf/

odkYaomfvnf; rdrdtzdkY igwdkYudk *½kpdkufapmifha&Smuf awmfrlaom u,fwif&iS u f kd aumif;uifü igwd&Yk MdS uygonf/

a,½Ic&pfawmf\ qkawmif;jcif;toufwm tm;jzifh

ed*Hk;csKyf uRefawmfonf a,½Ic&pfawmfudk u,fwif&Siftjzpf ,HkMunf udk;pm;aom aeYrSpí uRefawmfh u,fwifjcif;? rqHk;½HI;EkdifaMumif;udk pdwfcsrI&Sdygonf/ crnf;awmfESifh qufoG,frI qHk;½HI;onfh taMumif; pdk;&drfrI uRefawmfhrSmr&Sdyg/ uRefawmhfrSm b,ftcgrS aMumuf&GHUjcif;? pdk;&drfjcif; r&Sdyg/ igwdYk aMumuf&UHG rnfh t&mrSm igwdo Yk nf tjypfxo J Ykd usí crnf; awmftm; rESpo f ufaprnfh t&mudk aMumuf&UHG &ygrnf/ crnf;awmf\ tvdkawmfrS vTJoGm;&rnfudk igwdkY aMumuf&GHU&ygrnf/ emrawmfudk ½Iyfcsp&mjzpfapjcif;udk aMumuf&GHU&rnf/ uRefawmfaoaomtcg aumif;uifodkYoGm;rnfudk odygonf/ uReaf wmfoo H , vH;k 0 r&Sdyg/ ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ uwdawmfrsm;? qkawmif;ay;jcif;? tzdk;ay;jcif;ESifh ypöKyÜefumv vkyfqmifawmfrl jcif;rsm;aMumifh uRefawmfod&ygonf/

]]xdt k cg aovGeaf omol\ tcsKØ i;f rSausmufukd a&TUMu \/ a,½Ionfvnf; txufoYkd Munfah rQmv f su?f tb? udk,fawmfonf tuREfkyfpum;udk em;axmifawmf rl a om aus;Zl ; awmf B uD ; vS y g\/ ud k , f a wmf o nf tuREykf pf um;udk tpOfrjywf em;axmifawmfro l nfukd tuREf k y f o d y g\/ od k Y a omf v nf ; ud k , f a wmf o nf tuREykf u f kd apvTwaf wmfro l nfukd 0ef;&Hvsuf &Sad om þvltaygif;wdkYonf ,HkMunfapjcif;iSg olwdkY\ tusK;d udk axmufí þodYk tuREykf f avQmufyg\[k rdefY>rufawmfrlNyD;rS?}} (a,m 11;41-42) a,½Ic&pfawmf\ qkawmif;awmfrljcif;rsm;twGuf tpOftNrJ tajz&awmfrcl o hJ nfukd igwkYd od&ygonf/ crnf;awmfonf ud, k af wmf\ qkawmif;jcif;udt k pOftNrJ Mum;awmfrí l tajzay;awmfr\ l ud, k af wmf onf þpum;vH;k rsm;udk taMumif;&if;ESpcf w k jYdk zifh qkawmif; awmfrcl hJ ygonf/ yxr? bk&m;ocifonf qkawmif;jcif;udk tajz ay;awmf rlaomol jzpfaMumif;udk tem;0ef;usifü &SdaomolwdkY od&SdzdkY&efESifh ud, k af wmfonf bke;f xif&mS ;jcif;&Sdap&ef jzpfygonf/ 'kw, d ? bk&m;ocif onf ud, k af wmf\ qkawmif;csurf sm;udk tpOftNrJ Mum;awmfr&l ef tajz ay;awmfrlonfudk olwdkYtm;od&Sd&ef udk,fawmftvdk&SdcJhygonf/ xdkodkY xkwfazmfEkdifjcif;rSm BuD;jrwfawmfrlonfr[kwfygvm;/ ]]olwYdk tzdt Yk vdik gS tuREykf f qkawmif;yg\/ avmuD om;wdt Yk zdt Yk vdik gS qkawmif;onf r[kwyf g/ tuREykf f tm; ay;awmfrlaomolwdkYonf udk,fawmf\ vljzpf

tcef; (4) oef&Y iS ;f aom 0dÓOfawmf\ vkyaf qmifrl ]]xm0&toufuv kd nf; igay;\ xdo k ;dk wdo Yk nf ysupf ;D jcif;ESihf tpOfrjywfuif;vGwMf uvdrrhf nf/ tb,forl Q xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd ighvufrS rEkwrf ,l&m/ xko d ;kd wdu Yk kd igü tyfay;awmfral om ighcrnf;awmfonf cyford ;f aom olwx Ykd uf Bu;D jrwfawmfro l nf jzpfí? tb,forl Q xkd odk;wdkYudk ighcrnf;awmf\ vufrS rEkwfr,lEkdif&m/}} (a,m 10;28-29)

55 P-42

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aomaMumifh? xdkolwdkY tzkdYtvkdiSg qkawmif;yg\/ tuREykf Ef iS hf pyfqidk af om t&m&So d rQwo Ykd nf ud, k af wmf ESihf pyfqikd Mf uyg\/ ud, k af wmfEiS hf pyfqidk af omt&m &So d rQwo Ykd nfvnf; tuREykf Ef iS hf pyfqidk í f ? xkt d &mwdYk tm;jzifh tuREykf o f nf bke;f xif&mS ;yg\/ ,ck rSpí tuREfkyfonf þavmuü r&Sdyg? þolwdkYrlum;? þavmuü &S&d pfMuygrnf/ tuREykf o f nf ud, k af wmf xHoYkd oGm;ygrnf/ oef&Y iS ;f awmfral om tb? ud, k af wmf ESifh tuREfkyfonf wpfvHk;wpf0wnf; jzpfouJhodkY tuREykf t f m;ay;awmfral om þolwo Ykd nf jzpf&ygrnf taMumif;? olwu Ykd kd ud, k af wmf\ emrü wnfapawmf rlyg/ tuREykf o f nf þavmuü þolwEYkd iS w hf uG &Spd Of umv? olwdkYudk udk,fawmf\ emrü wnfapygNyD/ tuREykf t f m; ay;awmfral omolwu Ykd kd tuREykf af pmifrh ygNyD/ xkdolwdkYwGif ysufpD;jcif;\ om;wpfa,mufrS wyg;tb,forl S ysupf ;D jcif;odYk ra&mufyg/ xkd olonf ysufpD;jcif;odkYa&mufonf taMumif;um;? usrf;pm jynfhpHkrnftaMumif;wnf;/}} (a,m 17;9-12) þusr;f csuüf a,½Ionf vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:ü tao cHawmfrl &rnfh tcsed af &muf aeonfukd azmfjyygonf/ ud, k af wmftaocHawmfrí l ud, k af wmfonf aumif;uifoYkd wuf<uawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ þtcef;i,f rsm;xJü a,½Ionf rdrw d ynfah wmfwt Ykd m; crnf;awmfü tyfxm;awmf rlygonf/ ]]þolwu Ykd kd þavmurS Ekw, f al wmfrrl nftaMumif; tuREykf f awmif;onf r[kwyf g/ raumif;aom trI t&mES i f h uif ; vG w f a pjcif ; iS g apmif h r awmf r l r nf taMumif;udo k m awmif;yg\/}} (a,m 17;15)

igwdkYtm; tjypfrSuif;a0;atmif apmifhxdef;&ef bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmf a&;om;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ igwdt Yk vd&k &dS m tjypfjyKEidk zf Ykd vkdifpifxkwfay;jcif; oabmjzifh a&;om;jcif;r[kwfyg/ tu,fí oifonf bk&m;ocif\ om;rSefygu oif\pdwfae oabmxm;rSm tjypfjyK&ef tvd&k rdS nf r[kwyf g/ 2/ tu,fí igwdkYtjypfjyKygu a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwdkY\ a&SUaejzpfawmfrl\/ a,½I c &pf a wmf o nf ajzmif h r wf a om a&S Y a ewpf y g;jzpf \ / uk, d af wmfonf aumif;uifü crnf;awmfa&SUwGi&f yfum igwdt Yk wGuf ckcv H suf avQuv f cJ sux f ak cs ay;awmfr\ l / igwdYk tjypfjyKrad omtcg pmwefonf umif;uifodkY ajy;wufí ]]a[;? Doug Hammett tjypfjyKrd jyefNy[ D k qd\ k \ odaYk omfvnf; a,½Ic&pfawmfonf &yfvsuf ]]crnf ; awmf Doug Hammett \ tjypf r sm;twG u f uRef a wmf oGef;avmif;cJhaom taoG;udk jyefíowd&awmfrlyg/ xdkt&monf tjypftm;vH;k udk ajzvTwaf y;cJo h nfuv kd nf; owd&awmfryl g/ crnf;awmff þolukd tjypfvw T af wmfryl g/ olUtwGuaf Mumifh r[kwyf g/ uReaf wmfh twGuaf Mumifh cGiv hf w T f ay;awmfryl g}} [k qkawmif; avQmufay;awmf rlygrnf/ xdktcg crnf;awmfu ]]tjypfvTwfawmfrlNyD}}[k rdefYawmfrl ygrnf/ pmwefonf ½HI;edrfhcJhjzpfonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf igwdkY\ trIudk avQmufvJxkacsay;awmfrlaom a&SUaeonf aumif;uifü igwdt Yk wGuf &Syd g\/ 3/ uGsefawmfwdkYtwGuf a,&Ic&pfawmf awmif;yef ,cktcsed üf a,½Ic&pfawmfonf aumif;uifEikd if w H iG f &yfvsuf bk&m;ocif\ om;orD;&So d rQ tm;vH;k wdt Yk wGuf ud, k pf m;jyK qkawmif; ay;awmfryl g\/ igwdrYk aorD igwdYk onf pHv k ifjcif;odYk ra&mufEikd yf g/ 54

43 P-43

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

crnf;awmfonf wpfpHkwpfOD;udk ]]apmifha&Smufawmfrl&ef}} rnf onft h wGuaf Mumifjh zpfygoenf;/ xdo k q Ykd akd omf xko d o l nf aumif;uif (odrYk [kw)f i&Joo Ykd mG ;&ef olwjYdk yKro l nft h wkid ;f aoaomaeYwidk af tmif awGY&SdzdkY&ef apmifhae&rnf[k qdkvdkjcif;jzpfygovm;/ bk&m;ocifonf wynfah wmfwt Ykd m; urÇmavmuBu;D rS tjyifzufoYdk ac:awmfr&l ef a,½I c&pfawmf qkawmif; jcif;r[kwyf g/ bk&m;ocifonf olwt Ydk m; pmwef \ wefcdk;rS apmifhxdef;awmfrl&ef qkawmif;cJhjcif;jzpfygonf/ ]]xdo k w l Ykd tzdu Yk o kd m tuREyfk q f ak wmif;onf r[kwyf g/ olwYkd a[majymjcif;tm;jzifh tuREykf u f kd ,HMk unfaom olwYkd tzdu Yk v kd nf; qkawmif;yg\/}} (a,m 17;20) a,½Ic&pfawmfonf xdo k w l üYkd &Sad om rdrw d ynhaf wmfrsm; twGuf om qkawmif;awmfrl cJjh cif;r[kwyf g/ igwd\ Yk ypöKyeÜ u f mv rsK;d pOfqufoYkd wkid af tmif acwftqufquf {0Ha*vd w&m;udk ,kMH unfaomoltm; vHk;wdkYtwGuf jzpfygonf/ rnfolrqdk a,½Ic&pfawmf\ {0Ha*vd w&m;udk ,HkMunfvufcHaom olwkdif;wdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ 0dnmOf awmftm;jzifh 'kw, d -arG;jcif;cHaomol jzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif;odYk trSeaf &mufygu ud, k af wmfonf oift h zdYk qkawmif; awmfrl\/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ qkawmif;jcif;rSm igwdo Yk nf crnf;awmftm;jzifh apmifx h ed ;f awmfrjl cif; &SMd u&efjzpfygonf/ c&pfawmf\ qkawmif;csuu f kd tpOftNrJ em;axmifawmfr\ l / þt&mrSm bk&m;ocifonf igwdt Yk m; tajzay;awmfro l nf[al om ta&;Bu;D onfh Mo0g'yif jzpfonf/ ]]touf&Sifjcif;ESifh pyfqkdifaom arQmfvifhjcif; taMumif; &Sdapjcif;iSg? azmufjyefjcif;? npfpGef;jcif;? n§Kd ;EGr;f jcif;ESihf uif;pifaom tarGawmfukd igwdo Yk nf cH&aprnftaMumif;? a,½Ic&pfukd aojcif;rS jyef&iS f apawmfral omtm;jzif?h Bu;D pGmaom u½kPmawmfEiS hf

trIaqmifocif onf crnf;awmfxüH &Sad wmfr\ l /}} (1 a,m 2;1)

1/ igwdkY tjypfjyK&ef bk&m;ocifonf tvdkr&Sd oifonf xm0& vHkNcHKrIudk ,HkMunfonf[k ajymqdkaomtcg oiftm; wpfpHkwpfOD;u oifonf tjypfjyKaejcif;udk ,HkMunfí xdk t&mrsm; a&SmifvTJaeonf[k pGyfpGJtjypfwif aeygrnf/ xdkt&mrSm olwdkYonf a&mrMo0g' xJü wrefawmf&Sif aygvkudk pGyfpGJcJhMujcif; jzpfyg onf/ olonf xdu k o hJ aYkd om Mo0g'udk ol,v kH nf; r,H?k oGeo f if jcif;vnf;rjyKcyhJ gaMumif; olwt Ykd m; &Siaf ygvk &Si;f vif;pGm ajymjycJjh cif; jzpfygonf/ ]]cspfom;wdkY oifwdkYonf 'kp½kdufudk rjyKapjcif;iSg þt&mrsm;udk oifwdkYtm; iga&;í ay;vkduf\/}} (1a,m 2;1)

]]taMumif;rlum;? &efoljzpfvsufyif bk&m;ocif\ om;awmf taocHawmfrljcif; tm;jzifh? igwdkYonf bk&m;ocifEiS hf jyefvnfoifjh rwfjcif; aus;Zl;awmfukd cH&onfreS v f Qi?f jyefvnf oifjh rwfNy;D rS? toufawmf tm;jzifh u,fwifawmfrjl cif;odYk a&mufrnf[k omí arQmfvifhp&m&Sd\/}} (a&m 5;10) vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü taocHawmfrlNyD;aemuf c&pfawmfonf aumif;uifoYkd jyefwufawmfr\ l / ,aeYwiG f ud, k af wmfonf crnf;awmf \ vuf,mawmfbufü xkid af wmfr\ l / ocif a,½Ic&pfawmfonf ,ck wGif aumif;uifü&Sad eonfh &nf&, G cf surf mS oifEiS u hf Reaf wmfh twGuf jzpfonf[k or®musr;f pmu igwdt Yk m; ajymjyxm;ygonf/ uk, d af wmfonf xdak e&mü igwdt Yk wGuf ud, k pf m;jyK qkawmif;ay;aeygonf/ ud, k af wmf onf crnf;awmf a&SUü igwd\ Yk a&SUaejzpfawmfr\ l /

P-44

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

tnD igwdu Yk kd wpfzefjzpfbmG ;apawmfral om? igwko Yd cif a,½Ic&pf\ crnf;awmfbk&m;ocifonf r*Fvm&Sd awmfral pownf;/ rnfonfh tcgrQ arS;rSed jf cif;? ysuf pD;jcif;? aysmufysufjcif; rjzpfEkdifaom tarGawmfudk oift h zkYd aumif;uifbükH odx k m;vsu&f \ dS / aemufq;kH umvü zGijhf yjcif;iSg tqifoifh jzpfaeaom u,fwif jcif; a&mufvmonfw h ikd f ,HMk unfjcif; tm;jzifh bk&m; ocif\ wefckd;awmfonf apmifhxdef;awmfrl\/}} (1 ay 1;3-5) 'kwd, arG;jcif;cHaom olwdkYom bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0if rsm;jzpf M uNyD ; rysuf p D ; Ek d i f a om tarG q uf c H o l r sm;jzpf M uonf [ k bk&m;ocifu uwdawmf&ydS gonf/ xdt k &mrSm rysupf ;D Ekid f aom tarG? wjznf;jznf; ysufjym;jcif;odkY ra&mufEkdifaom tarGaysmufuG,fjcif; (odkY) vTifhoGm;jcif;ESifh vGwfaomtarGjzpfygonf/ xdkt&mrSm trSef wu,f&í dS xm0&wnfaomtarGjzpfygonf/ xdt k arGukd bk&m;ocif\ wef c d k ; awmf t m;jzif h apmif h x d e f ; awmf r l j cif ; cH & aomol w d k Y u aumif;uifEidk if w H iG f cHpm;&&S&d ef odr;f qnf;xm;aom tarGjzpfygonf/ trSepf ifppf? a,½Ic&pfawmfonf (a,m 17) ü qkawmif;cJo h nfh a0g[m& pum;vH;k rsm;udk ayw½ku toH;k jyKcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ igwdo Yk nf bk&m;ocif\ wefc;kd awmf tm;jzifh apmifx Y ed ;f awmfrjl cif;cHMu&onfukd ajymqdkxm;ygonf/ tu,f í igwd k Y o nf vl \ wef c d k ; (od k Y ) toif ; awmf \ wefcdk;tm;jzifh apmifhxdef;jcif; cHMuygu igwdkYonf BuD;rm;aom jyóemudk awGUMu&ygrnf/ odkYaomfvnf;? igwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ wefcdk;awmftm;jzifh apmifhxdef;Muonf[k udk,fawmf rdefYawmfrl\/ bk & m;ocif \ wef c d k ; awmf r S m b,f a omtcgrQ tqH k ; ray;? rusqif;Ekdifyg/

uRefawmfhtjypfvTwfjcif;&zdkY&ef a,½Ic&pfawmf vkyfaqmifonfht&m ay:ü wpfpw kH pfcu k kd uReaf wmfxyfí ay;&rnf[k ,HMk unfjcif;jzpf\/ ocif a,½Ic&pfawmf NyD;pD;awmfrlcJhaom trIay:ü oifonf bmqdb k mrS xyfí raygif;xnfEh idk yf g/ xdt k wGuaf Mumifh vlwpfa,muf onf wpfBurd f 'kw, d arG;jcif;cHygu ol\ u,fwifjcif; b,faomrS rqH;k ½H;I Ekid af wmhygaMumif; ,HMk unfraI y:ü ckid cf efpY mG uReaf wmf &yfaejcif; jzpfygonf/ tu,fí oifonf u,fwifjcif; qHk;½HI;Ekdifygu a,½I c&pfawmf ay;qyfawmfrjl cif;rSm b,fvrkd S tusK;d oufa&mufrI &Srd nf r[kwfawmhyg/

ypöKyÜefumv? a,½Ic&pfawmf\ vkyfaqmifrIaMumifh ]]bk&m;ocif a&G;aumufawmfral om olwu Ykd dk tb,f olonf tjypfwifrnfenf;/ ajzmifrh wf&mü wnfap aomolum;? bk&m;ocifaywnf;/ tjypfpD&ifaom olum; tb,folenf;/ taocHí cHonfomru? aojcif;rS jyef&Sifí bk&m;ocif\ vufsmbufü aevsu?f igwdt Yk zdYk qkawmif;aomolum; c&pfawmf aywnf;/}} (a&m 8;33-34) ]]xdo k EYkd iS t hf nD? rSeaf om oef&Y iS ;f &mXmewd\ Yk yHjk zpfaom vlwYkd vufjzifv h yk af om oef&Y iS ;f &mXmexJoYkd c&pfawmf onf r0ifb?J igwdt Yk wGuaf Mumifh ,ck bk&m;ocif\ a&SUawmfü udk,fudkjyjcif;iSg aumif;uif udk,fxJodkY 0ifawmfrlNyD/}} (a[NAJ 9;24) ]]cspfom;wdkY? oifwdkYonf 'kp½dkufudk rjyKapjcif;iSg þt&mrsm;udk oifwt Ykd m; iga&;í ay;vdu k \ f / wpfpkH wpfa,mufaom olonf 'kp½du k u f kd jyKrv d Qi?f ajzmifh rwfawmfral om t&Siaf ,½I c&pfwnf;[laom igwdYk 52

45 P-45

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ay;qyfawmfrljcif;aMumifhjzpf\

ay;qyfawmfrlcJh\/ xdkxufru uRefawmfaoaomaeYxd wkdifatmif &Sdaom tjypfrsm;twGufyg ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygonf/

]]xdkolonf igwdkYvGefusL;jcif; tjypfrsm;aMumifh? emusipf mG xd;k jcif;? ESyd pf ufjcif;udk cH&av\/ igwd\ Yk Nidrfoufjcif;csrf;omudk jzpfapaomqHk;rjcif;onf olYtay:odkYa&mufí olcH&aom 'Pfcsuftm;jzifh igwdo Yk nf temaysmufvsu&f MdS u\/ igwdYk &So d rQonf od;k uJo h Ykd vrf;vGv J su?f ud, k v f rf;odYk toD;toD; vku d f oGm;Muonfjzpfí xm0&bk&m;onf cyfodrf;aom igwdkY\ tjypfrsm;udk olYtay:ü wifawmfrl\/}} (a[&Sm 53;5-6) wpfcsKUd aom vlwu Ykd þusr;f csuo f nf ud, k u f m, ydik ;f qkid &f m tema&m*gNird ;f jcif;jzpfonf[k rSm;,Gi;f pGm cH,Ml uonf/ odaYk omfvnf;? igwd\ Yk tjypftaMumif;udk &Si;f vif;pGm ajymqdx k m;ygonf/ a[&Sm, ajymqdkonfh tema&m*gNidrf;jcif;rSm 0dnmOfa&;qkdif&m usef;rmjcif;? tjypfaMumifh igwd\ Yk pdwEf v S ;kH rsm;ESihf toufwmrsm;xJoYkd vdt k yfaom usef;rmjcif;udk ajymqdkaejcif;jzpfygonf/ ]]rdrdpdwf 0dnmOfcH&aoma0’em\tusKd;udk rdrd jrifí tm;&vdrrhf nf/ xdak jzmifrh wfaom ig\ uReu f kd oduRrf;jcif;tm;jzifh? olonf trsm;aom olwdkYudk ajzmifhrwf&mü wnfapvdrfhrnf/ olwdkY\ tjypfudk udk,fwdkifaqmif&Guf&\/}} (a[&Sm 53;11) a,½Ic&pfawmfonf u&meDawmifukef;ay:&Sd vuf0g;uyfwkdif ay:wGif ½ku d x f m;jcif;cH&mü aumif;uifEiS hf ajrBu;D Mum; csw d q f x JG m;jcif; jzpf y gonf / crnf ; awmf bk & m;ocif o nf / avmuD o m;tm;vH k ; ? a,usfm;wkdif;? rdef;rwkdif;ESifh tm'H\ rsKd;pOfqufrS arG;zGm;vmaom uav;&So d rQtm;vH;k wd\ Yk tjypfukd ,lí a,½Ic&pfawmfay:ü wifawmf rl\/ a,½Ionf opfwkdifay:ü csdwfxm;jcif;cH&mwGif crnf;awmf

c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm tjypftwGuf ay;qyf&efom jzpf\/ tu,fí oifonfor®musrf;pmwpfckvHk;udk &SmMunfhygu oif\tjypfrsm;udk ta0;odkY ,loGm;aomtjcm; enf;vrf;wpfckudkrQ oifawGUrnfr[kwfyg/ tjypfESifhtwl vkyfaqmifEkdifonfh tcsufESpfckom &Sdygonf/ yxrtcsuf? oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf ay;qyf&ef a,½Ic&pfawmfudk oif tcGifh ay;Ekdif&rnf/ 'kwd, tcsuf? oifonf i&JodkY oGm;í oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf oifu, kd w f idk af y;qyfEikd yf gonf/ odaYk omfvnf; tu,fí oifonf i&JoYkd oGm;Ny;D oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf tuket f pif? tjynfht0 ay;qyfjcif;iSg oifonf b,fawmhrS NyD;qHk;Edkifawmhrnf r[kwfyg/ oif\ tjypfrsm;twGuf vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm; ay;qyf&ef 'ku©a0'em cH&jcif;onfvnf; vHkavmufonfhtcsdef b,fawmhrS a&mufvmvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ þt&mudk pOf;pm;qifjcifyg/ oif\tjypfrsm;twGuf ay;qyf&ef oif o nf i&J ü xm0&umv ae&ygvd r f h r nf / od k Y & mwG i f a,½I c&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:ü xdk wdak wmif;vSaom oH;k em&Dwm ½dkufxm;jcif;cH&aomtcg udk,fawmfonf uRefawmfhjypfrsm; tm;vHk;? oif\tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;ESifh urÇmvlom;rsm; tm;vHk;wdkY\ tjypfrsm; tm;vHk; twGuf ay;qyfí rukefqHk;Ekdifaom tjypfrsm;twGuf ud, k af wmfonf xdek m&Dyikd ;f twGi;f üom ay;qyfawmfrcl NhJ y;D jzpfygonf/ tu,fí uReaf wmf u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½H;I Ekid o f nf[k uReaf wmf ,HMk unfygu c&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;onf uReaf wmf\ u,fwif jcif;udk xde;f odr;f ay;&ef rvHak vmufaomaMumifh uReaf wmf ud, k w f idk f wpfpHkwpfckudk vkyfaqmif&rnf[lí ,HkMunfjcif;om jzpfygonf/

uRefawmfhtjypftwGufomvQif ay;qyfawmfrljcif;

P-46

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

twGuf ESpfBudrfay;tyfzdkY&ef taMumif;r&Sdyg/ xm0& vHkNcHKrIü b,ft&mudk jyKvkyfygoenf;/ tu,fí vl wpfa,mufonf wpfaeYwiG f u,fwifjcif;&í aemufwpfaeYwiG f ol\ u,fwifjcif; qH;k ½H;I oGm;onf[k uReaf wmf,MkH unfygu? a,½Ic&pfawmf onf uRefawmfh tjypftwGuf ,aeY ay;qyfcJhNyD; jzpfaomfvnf; ud, k af wmf\ taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm eufjzefaeYtzdYk rvHak vmufyg[lí ,HMk unfjcif;oabmjzpfygrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; tjypftwGuf c&pfawmf\ ay;qyfawmfrjl cif;rSm vltm;vH;k wd\ Yk tjypftm;vH;k twGuf ckid v f v kH suf vHkavmufaeygaMumif; bk&m;ocif rdefYawmfrlonf/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifESifh EIwfuywfawmfudk ,HkMunf&ef a&G;cs,fxm;ygonf/ a,½I c&pfawmfonf uRefawmfh tjypfrsm; tm;vHk;twGuf ay;qyfawmfrlNyD;jzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmu qdkxm; ygonf/ ud, k af wmf\ vuf0g;uyfwidk af y:wGif taocHawmfrjl cif;rSm uRefawmfhtjypfrsm; tm;vHk;twGuf tjypfajzvTwfjcif; (tjypfudk z,f&Sm;jcif;) twGuf jzpfygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf ukd,fawmf\ pdw0f n d mOf yifyef;jcif;? 'kua© 0'emudk Munfjh rifawmfrí l auseyfawmf rl\/ odjYk zpfí a,½Ic&pfawmfonf uReaf wmft h jypfrsm; twGuf ay;qyf awmfrNl y;D jzpf&m uReaf wmf\ u,fwifjcif;udk b,fvekd nf;ESirhf Q rqH;k ½H;I Ekid af Mumif; bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywfawmfrS uwdawmf uReaf wmfrh mS &Sdygonf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifay:ü a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taocHawmfrljcif;rSm uRefawmfhtjypfrsm; twGuf ay;qyf&ef jzpfygonf/ uRefawmfonf ajrBuD;odkY arG;zGm;jcif;rcHrDS ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm uwnf;u udk,fawmf taocHawmfrlcJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmf taocHawmfrlcJhpOfu uReaf wmft h jypfrsm;tm;vH;k rSm tem*gwfü &Syd gao;\/ ud, k af wmfonf uRefawmf arG;onfhaeYrS pí u,fwifjcif;&onfhaeY (1971-ckESpf) xdom&Sad om tjypfrsm; twGuu f o kd m ay;qyfawmfrcl o hJ nf r[kwyf g/ ud k , f a wmf o nf (1971)ck E S p f r S ,aeY x d tjypf r sm;twG u f v nf ;

bk&m;ocifonf urÇmvlom;tm;vHk;wdkY\ tjypfrsm;tm;vHk;udk ,lí ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ ycH;k ay: wifawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ ud, k af wmf onf vlom; ZmwdcH,laom bk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrlonfESifhtnD igwdkY\ &S u f j cif ; rsm;ES i f h qH k ; rjypf ' Pf cwf j cif ; ud k cH p m;ay;awmf r l c J h y g\ ud, k af wmfonf igwdt Yk jypfa<u; tm;vH;k udk ay;qyfawmfrcl \ hJ / xdo k Ykd wdak wmif;aom oH;k em&DtwGi;f ü a,½Ic&pfawmfonf igwdt Yk wGuf i&J\ jypf'Pf tm;vHk;udk cHpm;awmfrlcJhygonf/ oifESifh uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocif;udk ay;&ef useforQaom ta<u; &SdorQ tm;vHk;udk wpfatmifprQyifrusef tukeftpif ay;qyfawmfrlcJhygonf/ xdt k aMumif;aMuifh or®musr;f pmu ]]crnf;awmfb&k m;onf a,½I c&pfawmf\ pdwf0dnmOfü cH&aom emusifjcif;a0’emudk Munfhjrif awmfrlí auseyfawmfrl\}} [k qdkxm; jcif;jzpfygonf/ crnf;awmf bk&m;ocifonf a,½I\ ay;qyfawmfrljcif;ay:ü auseyfawmfrl\/ ]]þcG u f u m; y#d n mOf w&m;opf E S i f h qk d i f í vlrsm;wd\ Yk tjypfukd vGwaf pjcif;iSg oGe;f aom ig\ aoG;jzpf\/}} (róJ 26;28) a,½Ionf wynfah wmfwEYkd iS t hf wl yocgyGu J kd oH;k aqmifawmfrl Ny;D aemuf ud, k af wmftm; tyfErHS ad v\/ ,kx ’ u G o f mG ;Ny;D aemuf c&pfawmf onf teD;tyg;ü&Sad om wynfah wmf wpfq,fw h pfyg;ESit hf wl yGaJ wmf r*Fvmudk oHk;aqmifawmfrl\/ yxr? udk,fawmfu ]]þt&monf oifwt Ykd zdt Yk vdik mS csK;d zJah om ig\uk, d jf zpf\}} [laom pum;vH;k rsm;jzifh wynfah wmf wdu Yk kd ay;awmfr\ l / wpfzef ud, k af wmfonf pysp&f nfygaom cGuu f , kd í l ]]þt&monf oifw\ Ykd tjypfrsm;twGuf oGe;f aomig\ taoG;jzpf\}} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / þae&mü umodv k yd t f oif;awmfu Bu;D rm;aom trSm;wpfcu k kd jyKaeMu\/ olwdkYu a,½Ionf pyspf&nfudk wu,fhaoG;ppfppfodkY ajymif;ap\/ wynfah wmfwt Ykd m; pm;zd&Yk ef rdru d , kd cf E¨mud, k í l ay;\[lí oGeo f ifMuonf/ odjYk zpfí ,Zfyak &m[dwo f nf yGaJ wmfü pysp&f nfukd

47 P-47

,HkMunfol\ xm0&vHkNcKHrI

cGux f x J nfí h aumif;Bu;D ay;aomtcg xdpk ysp&f nfrmS a,½Ic&pfawmf \ aoG;ppfppfodkY ul;ajymif;oGm;í rkefYwdkYonfvnf; tom;ppfppfodkY ul;ajymif;onf[k oGefoifMuygonf/ þcufcJeufeJaom oGefoifjcif;udk (tcef;i,f-28)ü awGU& ygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf cGufudk ay;onfwGif touf&Sifvsuf &Syd gao;\/ tu,fí xdt k &monf ud, k af wmf\ aoG;ppfppfjzpfcyhJ gu ud, k af wmf[m aoNyjD zpfygonf/ ud, k af wmfu ]]þcGux f &J dS pysp&f nf onf ig\ taoG;udk yHak qmifonf}} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / ud, k af wmfonf wynfah wmfwt Ykd m; rkeu Yf akd y;aomtcg rdrt d om;ppfppfukd ay;awmfrl cJhonfr[kwfyg/ udk,fawmfonf wynfhawmfrsm;tm; yHkaqmifvsuf Oyrmay;jcif;jzpfygonf/ a,½Ionf olwt Ykd m;ay;aom rkerYf mS olwYkd twGuf csK;d zJrh nfh ud, k af wmf\ cE¨mudk yHak qmifxm;ygonf/ xdt k &mrSm ud, k af wmf\ tom;ppfppf r[kwaf Mumif;udk wynfah wmfwu Ykd od&cdS hJ Muygonf/ xdu k sr;f csux f üJ ud, k af wmfonf rdrt d aoG;oGe;f &onfh taMumif; &if;udk igwdt Yk m; azmfjyay;ygonf/ a,½Ic&pfawmfonf vuf0g;uyfwidk f ay:ü rdrt d aoG;oGe;f &onfh taMumif;&if;rSm tjypfrsm;udk ajz&efjzpf ygonf/ tu,fí oGe;f avmif;aom a,½Ic&pfawmf\ taoG;onf tjypfrsm;udk vTwfay;(z,f&Sm;)ygu igwdkYvkyfzdkY wpfpHkwpf&m usef&Sd ygao;ovm;/ vH;k 0ruseaf wmhyg/ bmqdb k mrQ xyfívkyaf qmifz&Ykd ef vHk;0OóHk rvdkawmfhyg/ (a,m 19;30) ü a,½Iu ]]trINy;D Ny}D } [k a<u;aMumfNy;D acgif;awmf ikdufqdkuf ñTwfí toufawmfudk pGefYawmfrl\/ crnf;awmfonf ajrBuD;ay:ü vkyfaqmif&efay;tyfaom trIrsm;udk udk,fawmfNyD;pD; cJhygonf/ xdktrIrSm igwdkY tjypfrsm;twGuf jypf'PfpD&if csufudk ud, k af wmfay:ü tcGijhf yKawmfr\ l / crnf;awmf pdw0f n d mOfü emusirf u I kd Munfjh rifawmfrv l suf a,½Ic&pfawmf vkyaf qmifcsuaf y:ü auseyftm; &awmfrl\/

,ckwiG f uReaf wmfonf tjypfciG v hf w T &f ef crnf;awmf a&SUü &yf aomtcg bk&m;ocif twGuf uReaf wmfjyKaom aumif;rIuo k v kd rf sm; udk ,laqmifvmzdkYrvdkyg/ xdkt&mrsm;onf bk&m;ocifa&SUü bmrQ t"dyÜg,fr&Sdyg/ uRefawmfonf bk&m;ocifxHodkY oGm;aomtcg ocif a,½I c&pfawmf\ ylaZmfjcif;udo k m ay;vSLyg\/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ ay;qyf jcif;aMumifh xm0& vHNk cKH r\ YI oGeo f ifjcif;ESihf bk&m;ocif\ EIwu f ywf awmf oGeo f ifjcif;onf rSeu f efaMumif; uReaf wmfoyd gonf/

ESpfqaom ab;tEÅ&m,f\ w&m;Oya' ESpq f aom ab;tEÅ&m,f\ ynwfw&m;u jypfrw I pfct k wGuf ESpBf urd rf ay;qyfEidk [ f k qdx k m;ygonf/ Oyrm - oifonf aoG;oGe;f jcif; aMumifh csKyfaESmifjcif;cH&rnf/ oifonf w&m;cHk½Hk;ü &yfaomtcg w&m;olBuD;u oifrnfodkYavQmufvJcsufay;rnfenf;[k ar;ygvQif oifu ]]uReaf wmftjypf&ydS gw,f? oem;yg}} [kqrkd nf/ olu ]]oift h m; (150- &uf) csKycf í H a':vmaiG (150) ay;&rnf}} [k qd\ k odjYk zpfí oifonf axmifcsjcif;cHum &ufaygif; (150) aeNy;D ? a':vmaiG (150) ay;&\/ oifonf tjypf'PftwGuf ay;qyf&ygonf/ oifonf tdraf &mufNy;D aemufwpfaeYwiG f xd&k o J nf vmjyefí oif\aoG;xGuo f , H kd jyKro d nft h wGuf csKyaf ESmifjcif;cH&ef zrf;zdv Yk mvQif oifonf olYtm; uRefawmf avsmfaMu;aiGvnf;ay;NyD;? axmifcsjcif; vnf; cHcNhJ y;D Ny;D [k ajymqdrk nf/ odaYk omfvnf; oluoift h m; ZGwt f wif; qGaJ c:oGm;ygonf/ oifonf oGm;í xdw k &m;½H;k a&SUrSmyif &yfvsuf oifonf 'PfaiGvnf; aqmifNy;D Ny?D axmif'Pfcsjcif;vnf; cHNy;D Ny[ D k BuKd ;pm;í &Si;f jyrnf/ odaYk omfvnf; w&m;olBu;D u oift h m; aemufxyf &ufaygif; (150) axmifcscHapygrnf/ xdkuJhodkYaom tjzpfrsKd;onf tar&duefjynfü ESpq f aom ab;tEÅ&m,f Oya'aMumifh b,faom tcgrQ rjzpfysuEf idk o f nf jzpfí aus;Zl;wifygonf/ oifonf jypfrw I pfck P-48