ျမတ္မဂၤလာသတင္းေကာင္း ဓမၼရသဂ်ာနယ္ အမွတ္ (၁)

jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

rD;vQH[kef;[kef;awmufaeaom toufwmjzifh touf½Sifaejcif; &Dtif[bkef;uD;vdkY aNymvdkuf&if olYemrnf? olY*kPfodu©meJY olY&Jh w&m;a[maNymaumif;rI? atmifjrifausmfMum;rI wkdYaMumifh b,foludkrS axGaxG xl;xl; txl;rdwfqufay;aep&m rvdkawmhygbl;/ ajrmufjrm;pGmaom vlxky&dwfowf taygif; ol&Jh w&m;a[majymyGJrsm;udk wufa&mufcJhMuw,f/ bk&m;½Sif&Jh tiftm; BuD;rm;wJh yg0gt½Sdefrsm;udk rsuf0g;xifxif awGYjrifcHpm;cJhMu&w,f/ oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf&Jh AwÅdZHr*Fvmay;jcif;udk cHcJh&Mu w,f/ bk&m;taoG;eJY a½G;0,fxm;wJh tmz&duwwdkufvHk;udk Ekd;Mum;atmifvkyf&r,fvdkY bk&m;&Sifu wm0efay;vdkufwJh aeYupNyD; olY&Jhtoufwm wckvHk;udk ‘'Dtmz&duwdkufwwdkufvHk;twGuf ay;qyf&if; e,fwumvSnfhNyD; Ekd;Mum;rI? a[majymrIawGudk aqmif&GufawmhwmygyJ/ ]ol&Jaumif;a[majymyGJrsm;}ü rSwfwrf;wifa&;rSwfcsufrsm;t& (vlaygif; 52 oef;) bk&m;&Sifudk u,fwifydkif&Siftjzpf vufcHcJhw,f/ [mavvk,m/ pm - 2 odkY Reinhard Bonnke

ucsifppfab;'ku©onfawGxH oGm;a&mufcJhwJh csif;wdkif;&if;ol Levi Sap Nei Thang ESifh qufoG,far;jref;csuf ucsifvGwfajrmufa&;wyfrawmf (KIA)ESifh jrefrm tpdk;&wyfawGtMum; jzpfyGm;aewJhwdkufyGJawG[m ,aeYcsdefxd aeYpOfeJYtrQ qufvufjzpfyGm; aeqJyg/ 17ESpfMum typftcwf &yfpJcJh&mu wkdkufyJGawG jyefvnfpwifcJhwm tckqkd&if 10vausmf &SdvmygjyD/ wkdufyGJaMumifh ajrZmyif tjypfrJhucsifjynfol vlxkawG ppfab;a½Smif&if; 'ku©onfb0udk usa&mufcJh&ygw,f/ 'Dvdk axmifaomif;ruwJhucsif nDtudk 'ku©onfawGudk wzuf wvrf;uae tultnDawG axmufyHhay;EkdifzkdY I Love Myanmar udkwnfaxmifol csif;wdkif;&if;ol Daw Levi Sap Nei Thang [m rMumao;cif&ufydkif;ubJ ucsifjynfe,fu ppfab;'ku© onf pcef;udk udk,fwdkif oGm;a&muf cJhygw,f/ pm - 7 odkY

c&pfawmf \(18)ESpf jyóem c&pfawmfonf touf(12)ESpfrS touf (30) tMum;wGif (18)ESpfumv ygwfvHk; (1) rnfonfht&yfodkY oGm;a&mufcJhí (2) rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfxHwGif wynfhcH,lynm qnf;yl;um (3) rnfonfhw&m;awmfjrwfudk qufvufa[mMum;awmfrlcJhygoenf;/ pm - 5 odkY

toif;awmf ES i fhtdwf(pf)jyóem

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pm - 4

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2

jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

tmz&duwdkuf&Jh qif;&JEGrf;yg;awm tm;jzifh pmzwfoltm; wifjyvdkufygw,f/ uswJYae&mawGrSm&SdwJh vlawGqDudk oGm;a&muf NyD; pGrf;pGrf;wrHaqmif&GufwJh olY&Jh {0Ha*vdvkyf ar;/ / tmz&duudk omoemjyKzdkY *smrPD aqmifcsufrsm;udk taemufEkdifiHrD'D,mrsm;u rSvli,fudkrS bk&m;&Sifu bmaMumifha½G;&wm vJ/ txl;rD;armifxdk;jyMuw,f/ ]]oknb0rSoknb0odkY}}vdkY olrMum ajz/ /uRefawmf wu,frodygbl;/bk&m; cP ajymavh&SdwJhtwdkif; *smrPDEkdifiHajrmuf &Sifudk,fwdkifvnf; olYudk,fol ajz&Sif;csufay; ydkif; &Gmav;w&GmrSm&SdwJh oif;tkyfq&mav;&Jh r,fvdkYrxifrdygbl;/ uRefawmf&ifxJudk jyif;jy ti,fqHk;om;b0qdkwJh olb0aMumif;udk wJh qE´rD;udkxnhfNyD; awmifavmifapjcif;jzifh pwif ajymqdkjcif;jzifh w&m;a[mavh&Sdw,f/ uRefawmf tvdkawmfudk0efcH&if; pwifvIyf&Sm;cJh 'gayrJh ‘'DuaeY oltoufwmuawmh vlawG wmyg/ yHkrSef½dk;½dk;av;vrf;nTefjcif;rS tpjyKcJh tm;vHk; pHerlem,lNyD; tm;uszdkYaumif;wJh ayr,fh tckaemufqHk;rSmawmhol&Jhbdwfodyfay; {0Ha*vd owif;aumif; NzefYay;olwa,muf vrf;nTefjcif;atmufrSmyg/ NzpfaeygNyD/ olu tm;vHk;udk pdefac:wdkufwGef; wJhtcsufuawmh b,fae&mudkyJa&mufa&muf ar;/ / tmz&dum; wwdkufvHk;twGuf bk&m; twGuf BuD;rm;wJhvkyfaqmifcsuf {0Ha*vdvkyfzdkY bk&m;uapcdkif;awmh vG,fwJh wckckudk awmh vkyfjzpfatmifvkyfygqdkwmygyJ/ tvkyf [kwfyghrvm;/ tJ'gwu,fYudk bk&m;&Jh apcdkif;csufvdkY q&mb,fvdkvkyfodNyD; tao The Voice r*¾Zif;rS oleJYawGYqHkNyD; olYb0 taMumif ;? ol Y&J h{0Ha *vd trIawmfa qmif tcsm ajymEkdifwmvJ... omoemjyKvkyfief; taMumif;? wjcm;vlrsm;udk ajz/ / tmz&dum; wwdkufvHk;BuD;u rnfonhf tBuH OmPfaumif;rsm;ay;vdkygu c&pfawmf&JhtaoG;xJrSm epfjrKyfaq;aMumvdkuf ay;EdkifaMumif;? pwmawGudk 'Daqmif;yg;av; NyD; oefYpifoGm;wmudk ½lyg½HkxJrSm awGYvdkuf& wmygyJ/ csufcsif;xxdkifvdkufNyD; tckvkyf

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pm - 16 odkY

www.myatmingalar.com

jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

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Chris Htet Naing U

13 &uf aomMumaeY udkoufcdkif (USA) toif;awmfESifh tdwf(pf)jyóem armifZvyfjzL

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Chris Htet Naing U

tcef;quf c&pfawmf\ (18)ESpfjyóem

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Levi Sap Nei Thang (I Love Myanmar)

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owif;aumif; rd½dk;zvmudk;uG,frI aemifaemif

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jrwfr*Fv mowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,fudk tdyfrufopfrD'D,momoemvkyfief; (New Dream Media and Ministry ) rS pDpOfwifqufxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ tdrufopfrD'D,mudk 2003 ckESpfwGif bk&m;ocifudkcspfaom nDtpfudkrsm;\ ,HkMunfjcif;jzifh tdyfrufopfr*¾Zif;udk xkwfa0jcif;jzifh tpjyKcJhaom tzGJYtpnf;jzpfonf/ ,cktcg yHkESdyfrD'D,m? tGefvdkif;rD'D,mudktoHk;jyKí {0Ha*vdowif;aumif; xGef;um;jyefYyGm;a&;twGuf tkwfwpfcsyf? oJwpfyGifhtjzpf tapcHaeygonf/ "r®rdwfaqG nDtpfudkarmifESr rsm;\ aESmifMudK;rJhaom yg0ifay;vSLrIrsm;jzifh &yfwnfaejcif;jzpfonf/ rnfonfh toif;awmf? tzGJYtpnf;? vlyk*¾dKvf\vufatmufwGifrSr½Sdaom vGwfv yfaom rD'D,momoemvkyfief;jzpfo nf/

www.myatmingalar.com

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4

jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

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6

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ar; / / tdrftvHk;wpf&m aqmufr,fqdkwm u b,fvdktdrfrsKd;vJ? ajz / / tdrfykHpHuawmh xGufvmygjyD? oGyfrkd;? ysOfum? uGefu&pfMurf;cif;? ay 24 _24/ ar; / / ckvuf&Sd ucsif'ku©onfOD;a& b,f avmuf&SdvJqdkwm odcJh&ygvm;/ ar; / / tJ'D tdrfaqmufzdkYtwGuf b,fol ajz / / ckESpfaomif;ausmf &Sdygw,f/ awGu wm0ef,lvkyfaqmifzdkY vTJtyfay;cJhvJ/ ucsifjynfe,ftpdk;&udkvm;/ ar; / / 'ku©onfawG&Jh vuf&Sdtajctae ajz / / vlrIu,fq,fa&;ESifh jyefvnfae&m av;udk ajymjyay;ygvm;? Oyrm- b,fvdkaexkdif csxm;a&;0efBuD;Xmeu vrf;nTeftulnD trsm; MuvJ/ pm;0wfaea&;tajctae? ynma&;tajc BuD;ay;cJhygw,f/ usru wjcm;todvnf; r&Sd tae b,fvdktcuftcJ&ifqdkifaeMuvJqdkwm bl;av/ Xmeu tckvnf; ulnDaqmif&Gufay;ae pojzifhaygh/ ygw,f/ xyfrHulnDvdrfh r,fvkdYvnf; arQmfvifhyg ajz / / ppfab;oifholawG&Jh vuf&Sdtajc w,f/ em*pfa'orSmwkef;u vkyfcJhovdkrsKd; tdrf taeuawmh ,m,DwJxJrSm aeMu&w,f/ ,m,D awGukd vTJajymif;ay;tyfwmrsKd; rvkyfawmhbJ wJawGu rsm;aomtm;jzifh bk&m;ausmif;0if;xJ usrukd,fwkdif a&SUquf Munfh½Iapmifha&SmufoGm; rSm aqmufwmrsm;w,f/ ajrae&mtvGwfawG csifwJh qE´&Sdygw,f/ tdrfaqmufay;xm;jyD;&ifvJ &Sdw,fav/ wJuawmh x&Hum oGyfrkd;eJYaqmuf olwkdYvkdtyfr,fh vkyfukdifpm;aomufbdkY t&if; wm½Sdovkd/ yvyfpwpftrkd;eJY tumeJY aqmuf tESD;? rdom;pkta&;? ynma&; ponfwkdYukdvnf; wmawGvnf; ½Sdw,f/ rkd;&GmjyDqkd&if tm;vkH;a&pkd tao;pdwf apmifha&Smufay;csifw,f/ em*pfrSm ukefw,f/ rkd;&moDa&muf&ifawmh ykdqkd;r,f wkef;uawmh vSL'gef;cJhwm t&rf;rsm;vGef;awmh rvG,fbl;/ ,m,DwJawGukdawmh UN u aqmuf tm;vkH;twGuf tao;pdwf *½krpkdufEkdifcJhbl;/ ay;xm;wm rsm;ygw,f/ yk*¾vdutaeeJY ,m,D wJawG vkyfay;wm rawGYcJh&ygbl;/ apmapmykdif; ar;/ / tdrfawGu tckpwifaqmufaejyD u 'Dvkd,m,DwJawGvkdtyfrSef; BuKdodcJh&if usr vm;? b,fawmhavmuf tjyD;aqmufMurSmvJ/ vnf; vSLcsifwmaygh/ pkaygif;aexkdifwJh wJwpfwJ ajz / / tajctaersKd;pkHukdMunfh&if tdrf ukd odef; 50avmufbJ ukefusygw,f/ pm;0wf aqmufay;bkdY tpDtpOfukd EkdifiHawmfwm0ef&Sdol aea&;uawmh UNç World Food Program uae awGu vufrcHao;bl;/ jidrf;csrf;a&;r&rcsif; qef? qD? qm;? yJ? tm[m&rIefYwkdYukd ay;ygw,f/ tdrf,mpDrHudef;udk r&SdapcsifMuao;bl;/ 'gay jyifyuaevSLwm r&Sdygbl;/ tpm;taomuf r,fh usruawmh ukd,fhtpDtpOfeJYbJ pvkyfcsifae twGufawmh pkd;&drfp&m r&Sdygbl;/ ynma&;taeeJY jyD/ rdk;ruscifawmh tjyD;aqmufcsifayr,fh rao awmh tckavmavmq,f ausmif;ydwfxm;yg csmao;bl;/ w,f/ ar; / / tdrfawGudk ucsifjynfe,f b,fa'o ref: khonumthung awGrSm jyefaqmufay;rSmvJ / ajz / / jrpfBuD;em;ESifh 0kdif;armf ywf0ef;usif rSmyg/ ar; / / ckvdkrsKd; ucsifnDtudk 'ku©onfawG udk jrifawGU&awmh tr b,fvdkcHpm;rdvJ/

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jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

13 &ufaomMumaeY (Friday the 13th) vwpfv\ aomMum aeYonf xkdv\ (13)&ufajrmuf aeYjzpfygu xkdaeYonf uHqkd; wwfaomaeY? raumif;aomerdwf jzpfwwfaomaeY ponfjzihf t aemufwkdif;EkdifiHrsm;u ,lqavh½Sd Muonf/ txl;ojzihf tar&duef EkdifiHwGif xkdt,ltqrSm vlt awmfrsm;rsm;tay: vTrf;rkd;avh½Sd Muonf/ 'gqkd ,kHMunfolrsm; wGifvnf; xkduJhokdYaom uHESihf ygwfoufonfh ,lqcsufrsm; onf usrf;pmyg tcsufrsm;ESihf vk dufa vsmnDaxGrI ½S dovm;/ vufcHEkdifonfh ,lqcsufvm; p onfjzihf ar;cGef;rsm;½Sdvmwwfyg onf/ xkdtcsufrsm;ESihf ygwfowf jyD;? 2012 ck? {jyDv (18)&ufaeY xkwf BibleScienceGuy pmapmifyg No Luck At All aqmif;yg;ukd tajc jyKvsuf uHESihfygwfowfjyD; usrf; pm½IaxmifhrS tcsufrsm;ukd azmfjy vkdufygonf/ pma&;wHwkdYukd tdwfxJü avmif;vsuf&Sd&mwGif cJGa0pD&if jcif;trIukd xm0&bk&m; ykdif awmfrl\/ (okwÅHusrf; 16;33) þusrf ; csuf t m;jzih f od&onfrSm vlom;rsm;wGif jyK vkyfavh½Sdaom pma&;wHcsjcif;? acgif;yef;vSefjcif;? paom uHukd tajcjyKvsuf jzpfay:onf[k,l qavh&Sdaom tjyKtrlrsm; tm;vkH; wdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ xdef;csKyfrI wGif ½SdaMumif; azmfjyxm;jcif;jzpf ayonf/uHaumif;w,f? uHqkd; w,fponfjzihfh ajymqkdjyKrlcsuf rsm;[m bmrSt"dyg,fr½Sdaom t&momjzpfjyD;? bmrSrjrifrawGY xdEkdifonfh uHqkdonfh pum;vkH; ukdokH;vsuf ykHcsajymqkdjcif;omjzpf ygw,f/ qmvH? 103;19? 115;3? {zuf 1;11 usrf;csufrsm;t&? t&mtm;vkH;[m bk&m;ocif tvkd awmf½SdorQtwkdif; jyKawmfrljcif; jzpfaMumif; awGU&Sd&ygw,f/

usrf;pmt& uHqkdonf EIwfukd b,folzefqif;oenf;/ aumif;csD;ay;ygap (May the Lord rSm bmt"dyg,frSr½Sdaom tcsnf; pum;taomol? em;yif;aomol? bless you)? oihftwGuf qkawmif; ESD; pum;vkH;oufoufomjzpfjyD;? rsufpdjrifaomol? rjrifaomolwkdY ay;aeyghr,f (I’ll pray for you)? uHqdkonfhtt&mukd ,kHMunfjcif; ukd b,folzefqif;oenf;/ ig oiftaumif;qkH;jzpfrSmyg (You’ll tm;jzihf BuD;jrwfaom bk&m;ocif xm0&bk&m; zefqif;onf r[kwf do great)? bk&m;ocifukd ,kHMunf \emrukd apmfum;jcif;om jzpfyg avm[k ajymqkdcJhaMumif; azmfjy yg? taumif;qkH;vkyfaqmifyg? w,f / uH q k d w J h p um;vk H ; [m xm;ygonf/ aumif;aomtajz &ygvdrfhr,f bk&m;ocif&Jh tkyfpkd;jcif; touf a,m[ef? 9;3 wGif (Trust God, do your best and leave wmukd jiif;y,fjcif; oufoufom vnf; arG;&myg rsufrjrifaomol the result with Him) jzpfygw,f/ uHukdtm;ukd;jcif;tm; ESihf ygwfoufjyD;ocif c&pfawmfrS 'DvkdtokH;tEIef;rsKd;[m jzihf bk&m;&Sif&Jh bkef;tmEkabmfukd bk&m;ocif trIawmfukd xif½Sm; uHaumif;ygapqkdwJh pum;vkH; ½IHUcsjcif;jzpfovkd? bk&m;½Sifukd aprnf taMumif ; aMumihf j zpf xuf ykdaumif;wm rawGY&bl;vm; aus;Zl;awmf csD;rGrf;&r,fht&m aMumif; ajymcJhwmukd awGY&yg rdwfaqG/ rsm;ukd jiif;y,fjcif;vnf; jzpfyg w,f/ a[jAJ 13;15t& EIwfu w,f/ 2aum 10;5 t& vltBuH ,mukyf 1;17 t&vnf; ajymwJhpum;[m bk&m;ocifudk tpnf ? rmef r me½S d o rQwk d Yu k d aumif;csD;r*Fvmqkdwm bk&m; csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf ylaZmfjcif;jzpfw,f arSmufvSefjzdKzsufjyD; c&pfawmf\ ocifqDrS vmwmjzpfaMumif; od& qkdwm awGYEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumihf pum;ukdom em;axmif&r,fvkdY ygw,f/ aemufwpfcg uHaumif;ygapqkdwJh azmfjyxm;ygw,f/ {zuf 3;20 t&vnf; (LUCKY) Mum;rdcJh&if xkdpum;&Jh uREfkyfwkdY awmif;yefBuHpnf orQ yÜg,fu bk&m;ocif oihfukd uHqkdwJhpum;vkH;[m xuf omvGefxl;jcm;pGm jyKaomol t"d apmihfa½Smufxdef;csKyfygap (Lord bk&m;ocif&Jh tkyfpkd;jcif; [m bk&m;ocifjzpfaMumif; azmfjy Undertakes to Care for and Keep You) qkdwmukd cH,ljyD; ocifbk&m; xm;wmukd awGY&ygw,f/ toufwmukd 'gqkd&if t&mcyfodrf; ukd ykdrkd,kHMunfukd;pm;olrsm; jzpfyg jiif;y,fjcif; [m usrf;pmawmfjrwft& bk&m; apvk d Y þaqmif ; yg;tm;jzif h ociftkyfpkd;jcif;? xdef;csKyfawmfrl wkdufwGef;EId;aqmfvkdufygw,f/ oufoufom ud koufcd kif(USA) jcif;t& tvkH;pkHwkdY jzpfvmwmjzpf usrf;pmxJwGif azmfjy aMumif; &Sif;vif;pGm awGY&jyDjzpfyg tajcjyKaqmif;yg;?(No Luck At All, article from xm;onf h 'k u© q if; &J cH & jcif ; w,f/ BlessScienceGuy, April 18, 2012) (avmutjriftm;jzihf uHqkd;jcif;) uHqkdwJht&mukd rsufpdpkH zdwfac:jcif; ESihf aumif;csD;cHpm;&jcif; (avmu rdwfjyD; ,kHMunfaejcif;[m usrf; tjriftm;jzihf uHaumif;jcif;) qkd pmawmfjrwfeJY vkH;0qefYusifae uAsm? umwGef;? onfh tcsufrsm;ukd azmfjyvkdyg wmjzpfaMumif; awGY&ygw,f/ aqmif;yg;? 0w¬Kwdk? a0iScsuf? oufaocHcsuf? w,f/ EIwfuywfawmfjrwft& bk&m; bmomjyef? tufaq;? "r®[mo pojzifh a,mbtouf w muk d ocif\ tkyfpkd;jcif;ukd0efcHjcif;? bk&m;ocifay;xm;aom Munhfrnfqkdygu olcHpm;&aom cHpm;&aom aumif;csD;r*Fvmrsm; qkaus;Zl;rsm;jzifh qif;&Jjcif;rsm;onf BuD;vSay twGuf aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif; pmayomoemwGif onf/ okdhaomf olYtoufwm jyK&rnfom jzpfygw,f/ yg0ifEdkif&ef tapmykdif;wGif aumif;csD;rsm; cHpm; 'gaMumihf aemufwcsdef nDtpfudkarmifESrrsm;tm; cJh& onfukdvnf; awGY& onf/ oifrSoihfrdwfaqG okdYr[kwf wpfpkH c&pfawmfemrü 'gaMumihf a,mb (2;10)t& wpfOD;ukd qkawmif;qE´jyKvkdwJh a,mb olYZeD;onfukd okccsrf; tcg uHaumif;ygap (Good Luck) zdwfac:vdkufygw,f/ omukd cH,louJhokdY 'ku©qif;&Jjcif; vkdY ajymrJhtpm;pmrlrsm;udk mmgl@thangno.com ukdvnf; rcH,ltyfoavm[k ajym atmifjrifygap (I wish odkY qkdcJhonfukd awGY&ygw,f/ you success)? tm;vk H;tqif ajy qufoG,fay;ydkYEdkifygw,f/ arma½Sukdvnf; xGuf r,fvkdY arQmfvifhygw,f (I hope New Dream Media ajrmuf&musrf;? 4;11 wGif vl\ you do well)? bk&m;ocif oihfukd

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9

avmh/ igonf el;nHhodrfarGUESdrfhcsaom oabm&Sd \/ oifwdkY pdwfESvHk;onf oufomjcif;udk &vdrfh rnf/} róJ 11; 28- 30/ pdwfzdpD;rI[m ESvHk;a&m*gjyD;&if urÇmrSm 'kwd,tjzpftrsm;qHk; a&m*gyg/ usrf;pmxJu t&m&mudk udk,fvkyfrS jyD;w,fvdkY rxifygeJY/ vlaumif;awGvnf; pdwfzdpD;rI cHpm;cJhMu&ygw,f/ 3/ pHkvifzdkY rMudK;pm;ygeJY/ - Stop striving for Oyrm- 'g0d'frif;/ trsKd;om;awGxuf trsKd;orD; perfection. wcsKdUtvkyfawGu t&rf;BudK;pm;zdkY awGrSm 6 q ydkawGU&ygw,f/ trsKd;orD;wdkif;vdkvdk rwefbl;/ udk,fu vlyJ/ taysmhpm; pdwfzdpD;rI (Mild depression) BuHK&wwf 4/ wcsKdU ajrmfvifhcsufawGudk avQmhcsyg/ Reduce ygw,f/ om;onf tarawGrSmawmh Baby Blues your e_pectations of others. wjcm;ol awG u d k qdkwJh aoG;Ekom;Ek aoG;av acsmufjcm;wm cHpm;& tm;r& jzpfraeygeJY/ udk,fu bk&m;r[kwfbl;/ wwfygw,f/ 'gu rMumcif jyefaysmufwwfyg bk&m;ocif&Jhvufaxmufvnf; r[kwfbl;/ olwdkY w,f/ vnf;vlawGyg/ rpHkvifbl;/ cGifhvTwf em;vnfay; qmvHusrf;udkzwf½Ijcif;[m bk&m; zdkY vdkygw,f/ obm0? bk&m;oabm? bk&m;*kPfawmf? bk&m; 5/ usef;rma&;udk *½kpdkufyg/ Take care of your opöm? bk&m;arwÅm? bk&m;&Jh twl&Sdaejcif;awGudk health. tpm;taomuf *½kpdkufyg/ avhusifhcef; em;vnfvmapygw,f/ ]tdk- igh0dnmOf? oifonf 1/ tjyKtrl aES;vGef;jcif; (odkY) oGufvGef;jcif; aeYwdkif;vkyfyg/ (vrf;avQmufwm[m udk,fa&m? tb,fhaMumifh ndI;i,foenf;/ ightxJrSm tb,fh (Hyper activity) pdwfyg usef;rmapygw,f/) vdktyf&if q&m0efxH aMumifh rjidrfr0yf&Sdoenf;/ bk&m;ocifudk 2/ a'goxGufvG,f? pdwfqdk;vG,fjcif;/ jyoyg/ vlBuD;awG[m waeYtdyfcsdef *em&DrS ajrmfvifhvQufaeavmh/ ighudk u,fwifawmfrl 3/ pdk;&drfvGefuJ? ajumuf&GHYwwfjcif;/ qlnHoH? 9em&D txd &Sdoifhygw,f/ aomt&Sif? igudk;uG,faom bk&m;ocif\ ½kwfw&uf ajy;vTm;atmf[pfjcif;? tao;trTm; 6/ wywfrSm w&ufawmh Oyk'faeYvdkyJ em;vdkufyg/ aus;Zl;awmfudk ig csD;rTrf;axmyem jyK&avtHh udpörsm;udkyif onf;rcHEdkifjcif;/ pdk;&drfjcif;[m waeYwnf;rSmyJ enf;enf;enf;enf; tcsdef,l em; ownf;/} qmvH 42; 11/ who is the HEALTH aoG;vSnhfywfrSk? ESvHk;? tBudwfrsm;? tm½HkaMumrsm; wwfygap/ usrf;pmzwf? toD;azsmf&nfaomuf? of my Countenance and my God. (]igh &kyf&nfudk xdcdkufapygw,f/ udk,fcE´mukd tqdyftawmuf oDcsif;wydk'favmuf nnf;Munhfyg/ Munfel;p&m usef;rmapwJh bk&m;ocif} vdkY qdkvdkygw,f/) rsm; jzefYusufapw,f/ tBudwfrsm;jzpfay:ap yHkjyif? jzpf&yfrSef Zmwfvrf;uav;awG zwfyg/ w,f/ aoG;jyGefaMumrsm;awmifhrmapjyD;? ESvHk;tm; cPvnfp&m ae&mwckudk &Smyg/ yef;yifpdkufyg/ odef;0if;td enf;apw,f/ vludk tjreftdkpmvmapygw,f/ cdk;tdyfwwfygap/ emrnfjuD; usrf;pmq&m Dr. aemufvzwfp&mtnTef; 4/ aoG;aygifcsdefwufjcif;^ usjcif;/ Warren W. Wiersbe u ]wcgwav udk,ftvkyf 5/ pm;csifpdwf tmoDoysufjcif;^tpm;vGefuJ EdkifqHk; bk&m;w&m;tvkyf Spiritual work [m á"r®q&mwpfOD;\t&nftcsif;rsm; jcif;/ wa&;tdyfjcif; jzpfaewwfw,f} vdkY qdkygw,f/ ábmaMumihf bk&m;ausmif;ukd ykHrSefoGm;zdkY vkdtyfyg 6/ ½Sif;jyír&aom udk,fce¨ma0'emrsm; jzpfay: udk,fwa&; tdyfvdkYurÇmBuD; ysufpD;roGm;ygbl;/ ovJ wwfjcif;/(acgif;udkuf? Adkufem? ausmem? eSvHk;ckef bk&m;ocif xdef;csKyfay;aeqJyg/ árrSefuefaomajymif;vJjcif;ESihf toif;awmf jrefjcif;^rlrrSefjcif;/rl;a0jcif;? "r®wmcufcJjcif;) 7/ pdk;&drfjcif;&SdorQudk bk&m;ocifxH tyfESHyg/ áa&Smvkrkefrif;BuD;xHrS avhvmoif,loifhaom 7/ tdyfpufrIyHkrSefrjzpfjcif;/ (tdyfr&? tdyfruf ocifa,½Iu ]0efav;í yifyef;aomoltaygif; aiGaMu;qdkif&m tvif;ay; todÓPfynm tvGefrufjcif;? tdyfrufqdk;? tdyfpufrSk rlrrSefrI wdkY ighxHodkYvmMuavmh/ igonf csrf;omay;rnf/ ác&pf,meftqdkawmf apm0if;vGifESif tifwmAsL; rsKd;pHk/) ighxrf;ydk;udk wifíxrf;Muavmh/ ighxHü enf;cHMu á c&pfawmf\ 18ESpfjyóem (tquf) 8/ omref taysmftyg;ESifh oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;rIrsm; udkyif pdwfr0ifpm;awmhjcif;/ 9/ ajrmfvifhcsufrJhvm? pdwfysuftm;i,f idkcsif vmjcif;/ 10/ umr*kPf pdwfr0ifpm;jcif;/ 11/ tm½Hkpl;pdkufr&jcif;? arhwwfvmjcif;/ qkawmif;? usrf;pmzwfzdkYyif tm½kHrpdkufEdkifjcif;/ 12/ wefzdk;rJhovdk cHpm;&jyD;? udk,fhtjypf? udk,fhtm; enf;rIrsm;udkom tjrJawG;aewwfjcif;/ 13/ bk&m;ocifESifh a0;aeovdk cHpm;&jcif;/

pdwfzdpD;rI&Jh vu©Pm&yfrsm;

vufawGYusifhoHk;&ef (Practical pointer) 1/ jiif;wwfzdkY oif,lavhusifhyg/ Learn to say "No". wckckvkyfzdkY awmif;qdkvm&if jyefrajzcif t&ifpOf;pm;yg/ bk&m;tvdkawmfvm;/ olwyg; pdwfaMueyfatmif vdkufavsmaewmvm;/ 2/ udk,fpm; cdkif;vdkufyg/ Practice delegating.

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jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

c&pfawmf \(18)ESpf jyóem tußGwfw&m;vrf;udkaz:jyaom bk&m;\ußGeftrIawmf aqmif ußGefawmfrsdK;\ omoemjyKoufwrf; wavSsmufvHk;wGif trsm;qHk;tar;cH&aom ar;cGef;MuD;oHk;cGef;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpf onf/ c&pfawmfonf touf(12) ESpfrStouf (30) tMum;wGif (18)ESpfumvygwfvHk; (1) rnfonfht&yfodkYoGm;a&mufcJhí (2) rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfxHwGif wynfhcH,lynmqnf;yl;um (3) rnfonfhw&m;awmfjrwfudk qufvuf a[mMum;awmfrl cJhygoenf; [líyifjzpfygonf/ pdwf0ifpm;zG,faumif;jcif;? odtyfaom A[kokwjzpfjcif;wdkY aMumifh tyifyef;cHjyKpkygonf/ apwem? arwåmudk t&if;cHxm;yg onf/ ar;olwdkif;ü tjypfr&Sdyg? aAGr,lyg? ar;oifhar;tyfaom taMumif;w&m;jzpfí ar;jref;jcif;jzpfaMumif; cH,lxm;ygonf/ w&m;cHtppfrSm jrefrmjynfrS ar;olr[kwfyg? rlvar;jref;ol a&;om; aomolrSm wdkif;wyg;rSom jzpfygonf/ xdkolwdkYüvnf;tjypfr&Sdyg/ a&;om;ol ar;jref;oludkyif aus;Zl;wif&ayrnf/ tar;&SdrS tajz&Sd &rnfr[kwfygvm;? ajzqdk&mwGif rSefuefaomtajzESifh rrSefuefaom tajz wckckjzpf&ayawmhrnf/ tajzrSefvSsifawmf\/ tajzrSm;ajcu pdwfapwemtrSefESifh pdwfapwemtrSm; wckckjzpfEdkifjyefayonf/ rnfodkYaompdwftaMumif;t&if;uyif ay:aygufajzMum; apumrl ajzMum;0HhaomowådaMumifh csD;rGrf;xdkufayonf/ xdkYtjyif ajzMum;ay;rlaMumifh vlwdkif;twGuf A[kokwjzpfvm\/ [kwfr[kwf avhvm&rnfom jzpfayonf? pdwfqdk;? emusOf;? a'goxGuf? &efjyKvdk aompdwfjzpfyGm;&ef vHk;0r[kwfbJ? ppfaq;jyD; trSm; trSefcsifhcsdef ½SmazG&ef? rSefaomtajzay;Edkif&efom c&pf,mefwdkY\ wm0efjzpfay awmhonf/ rSm;vSsif½dk;om;pGm;jzifh apwemarwåmt&if;cHum &Sif;jy &efom&Sdavonf/ rSefaeyguvnf; pGefYvGwfvdkuf½Hkrsom &Sdygonf/ ywåjrm;rSefvSsifEGHepfaomfrS t&nftaoG;? t&nftcsif;wjym;rS ,kwfavSsmhoGm;½dk; xHk;pHr&Sdyg/ EIwfuygwfawmfonf tpOffrSefí tppf cHaomw&m;jzpfaMumif; pGJjrJpGm cH,lem;vnfzdkYonfvdkygonf/ tcsdef u t&m&mtm;vHk;udk ukpm;oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/ c&pfawmfyif tcsdefwefrS ( In the fullness of time) vlYZmwdcH,lzGm;jrifjcif;jyKcJhonf r[kwfyg avm/ tcsdefMumanmif;vmonfESifhtrs acwfopfodyÜH zGHYjzdK;vmonf ESifhtrSs or®musrf;pmü Asm'dwfjyKcsufwdkYonf ydkrdkjynfhpHkrSefuefvm aeaMumif;om awGYaeMu&jyD r[kwfygavm/ ]] Ak'¨0g'jyóemrsm;}} [laompmtkyfyg c&pfawmf\ taMumif; waphwapmif; a&;om;udk;um; jyxm;onfh tcsuftvuf rsm;aMumifhomvSsif txufygar;cGef;BuD;rsm; jrefrmjynfom;tzdkY ay: xGufvm&jcif;jzpfygonf/ ¤if;udk ]0if;armfOD;pmay} rSjzefYcsDonf/ Zmwfvrf;ygt& ar;jref;olrSm c&pf,mefbkef;MuD; J.F.Willson, (M.A), Oxford University,bHkabjrdK [JvDpwHk; aumvdyfausmif;? t*Fvdyf ygarmu©qdkol jzpfonf/ ajzqdkolrSm q&mawmft&d,m"r® jzpfonf[k yg&Sdonf/ ¤if;pmtkyftjyif urÇmudkcsKyfudkifrnfhol [laompmtkyfudk aX;vIdif a&;om;&mü c&pfawmf (odkY) OD;ZD0ud&dE´ [laom acgif;pOfjzifh pmrsufESm (262-266) wGif xdktaMumif;udkyif xyfrHudk;um;jyxm; onfudk awGY&jyefygonf? ¤if;udk;um;aom (The Unknown Life of

pmtkyfudkvnf; ¤if;xHwGif iSm;,lzwf½IEdkifaMumif; yg&Sd ao;avonf/ txufyg pma&;q&m tausmftarmfrsm;ESifh xdkpmtkyfrsm; aMumifh wdkufxm;aom ar;cGef;rsm;uJhodkY jzpfae&jcif;? &J&Jwif;wif;? tm;yg;w& ar;cGef;xkwfí ar;jref;Mujcif;jzpfaMumif; xif;&Sm;aeyg onf/ Jesus Christ)

ar;cGef;&Sifrsm;twGuf ußGEkfyftm;ar;jref;olwdkYwGif &[ef;oHCmawmf? wyfrawmf Munf;? a&? av? t&m&Sdt&mcH? tMuyfwyfom;rsm;? wuúodkvf aumvdyfrSonf? txufwef;? tv,fwef;? ausmif;olausmif;om;? q&m? q&mrMuD;rsm;? usm;?r ra&G; EdkfifcHjcm;jyef pma&;pmcsD? aps;onf? ukefonf tp&Sdaom vlwef;pm; tvTmtoD;oD;rSvnf;aumif;? vlrsdK;aygif;pHk? a'oaygif;pHkwdkYrS yk*¾dKvfpHkwdkYygMuayonf/ tvTmpHkrSyk*¾dKvfwdkYonf rnfhonfh&nf&G,fcsuf taetxm; rsdK;jzifh ar;ar;? xdkar;cGef;aMumif;MuD;rsm;yif jzpfaeygonf/ ar;Mu aomaMumifhyif þvdkpmtkyfrsdK; a&;om;jyKpk&aom tcGifhxl; &&Sdjyef aomaMumifh ar;cGef;&Siftm;vHk;wdkYudkyif txl;aus;Zl; Oyum&wifrdyg onf/ar;cGef;ar;p&mjzpfvmavmufatmifjzpfapaom xdkpmtkyfpmay rsm;&Sd taMumif;w&m;rsm;twGufrlum; txl;0rf;enf;rdygonf/ xdkpmtkyfrsm;udk ]]rdk;vHk;jynfh rkom0g'Drsm;}} [kyifqdkvdkufcsifygonf/ tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf avmukwå&m? avmuDa&;&m ESpf0vHk; twGuf todynmudk zHk;uG,f ydwfqD;oGm;apEdkifaomaMumifhyifjzpfyg onf/ xdkpmtkyfrsm;aMumifh vlwdkif; vGufvyfpGm a&G;cs,fudk;uG,fEdkif cGifh½Sdaom c&pf,mefwdkY udk;uG,ftm;xm;&m touf&Sifawmfrlaom c&pfawmfonfyifvSsif omrefyk*¾dKvf tnMwozG,f? t&nftcsif;r&Sd oa,mif? A[kokwenf;yg;aom c&pf,mefrsm;yifvSsif rdrd\t&Sif ociftay: txiftjrif vGJrSm;jcif;? Za0Z0g oHo,pdwfrsm;? txif tjrifao;jcif;? &SufpdwfwzGm;zGm; jzpfay:apEdkifaMumif;? tm;i,fpdwf rsm; jzpfapEdkifaMumif;? ,kwfpGtqHk; c&pfawmfudkyif pGefYy,fonftxd taESmuft,Suf tqD;twm;jyKEdkifaom 0dnmOfa&; ("r®EÅ&,f) tqdyf tawmufpmtkyfrsm;jzpfaMumif; wGufcsufrdygonf/ c&pf,mefjzpfvdk aom yk*¾dKvfrsm;yifvSsif wHkYqdkif;pdk;xdwf? aemufqkwfoGm;ap&ef tqD; twm; jzpfapaeonfrSm aocsmaeygavonf/ odkYjzpfí c&pf,mefrsm; twGuft½IH;ay:um omoemjyefYyGm; EIef; wefYoGm;apEdkifovdk txl;ojzifh oefYpifaom pdwfxm;ESifh bk&m; w&m;&SmazGaom yk*¾dKvfjrwfrsm;twGuf "r®tcGifhta&; ydkí qHk;½IH;ap Edkifonfomru oHo&mrqufvdk 0wfußGwfvdkí (31)bHk rvnfvdkbJ 'ku©qif;&JbHkrS vGwfajrmufvdkaomolrsm;? a&mufvdkvSsuf edAÁmefr a&mufEdkifaomolrsm;? ußGwfwef;0ifa&muf vdkolrsm;twGuf tußGwf w&m;vrf; ydwfoGm;Edkifjcif;jzifh aumif;uifbHk0ifa&mufí xm0& touf? xm0&okc? xm0&bkef;? xm0&pnf;pdrfcsrf;om? xm0&rykyf rysufEdkifaomtjzpfü 0dnmOfudk,fcE´mjzifh 0ifpm;cHpm;&rnfh r[m xm0&tcGifhta&;rsm; t½IH;ay:oGm;Edkifygonf/ ]]vlwdkYESifha&mjyGef;rae? wpfoD;wpfoefY aexdkifwwfMuaom oefY½Sif;pHkvifolrsm;}} [kt"dyÜg,f&Sdonfh usrf;pmtac: ]]zg&d&SJ}} rsm;udk ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfu ( róJ 12;13) vSsdY0Sufaom usrf;jyKq&m? zm&d½SJwdkY? oifwdkYonf tr*Fvm&SdMu\? taMumif;rlum; aumif;uif EdkifiHawmf\wHcg;udk vlwdkYa½SUrSmydwfxm;í rdrdwdkYvnf;r0if? 0ifvdk

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jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

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aom olwdkYudkvnf; qD;wm;Mu\/[k jypfwif½Iwfcsvdkufjcif;ESifh xdkEdkifiH\ajrmufzuf&Sd vufbEGefEdkifiHü jrifhrm;aom [mrkef wlygonf/ jrefrmrljyKíqdk&ygvSsif ]]udk,fwdkifaumuf½dk;vnf; rpm; awmifxdyfESifh awmifaMumMuD;rsm;&Sdonf/ ta&SYbufwGifrlum; Edkif? pm;ívnf;r&? pm;vnf;rpm;vdk? aumuf½dk;trSefpm;&rnfhEGm; a*smf'efEdkifiH&Sdonf/ awmifydkif;wGif ,k'awmifukef; ajrjrifh&Sdonf? vmawmhvnf; rpm;apvdk? a[mifjrJa[mifaeaomacG;}}ES,f (aumuf&dk; taemufbufwGif ajrxJyifv,f&Sdonf/ ajrxJyifv,furf;pyfrS yHkapmifhonfhacG;)[k tjypfwif½Iwfcsvdkufjcif;wlygayonf/ xdkYaMumifh ta&SYbuf 15rdkifcefYtxd ajrjyefYjzpfonf? tD*spfEdkifiHESifhawmuf rdwfaqG\&yfwnfcsufonf? ]]aumuf&dk;yHkapmifhonfhacG;}} \ &yfwnf avSsmuf vloGm;vrf;aygufonf/ 'kwd,rsOf;jydKifpyfMum; ajrmufbuf csufrsdK; jzpfoGm;rnfudk rvdkvm;Edkifygay/ rS awmufbufwpfavSsmufvHk;wGif xHk;ausmufrsm;ESifh twdjyD;aom ul;ajrmuf&ef vGefpGmcJ,Of;aom edAÁmefudk rul;ajrmufvdkol awmifukef;ajrjrifha'ojzpfonf/ xdkxHk;ausmufausmMuD;onf &Sdovdk? ul;ajrmufcsifaomfvnf; rul;ajrmufEdkifaomolrsm;? rul; ausm½dk;ozG,f *gvdvJe,f? &Srm&de,f? ,k'e,f w0dkufodkYoufqif; ajrmufEdkifrSef; rdrdudk,fudk rdrdodaeolrsm;? tm;rwefrefavSsmhum onf/ ajredyfhcsdrfY0Srf;a'owGif? ajrmufbufü *gvdvJtdkif&SdjyD; rwwfomí aemifb0tcef;qufoabmrsdK;jzifh aemifb0wGif oHo a*smf'efjrpfonf ajrmufrSajredrfh&m awmifbufodkY pDqif;vmjyD; &mvnf&ayOD;[k rcsifhr&J jzpfaeMu&Smaomolrsm;vnf;&SdaMumif; yifv,fao ( 0g) qm;ieftdkiftxd pD;qif;vmavonf/ txl;owdcsyfapvdkygonf/ tjcm;wbufwGifrl awmifukef;rsm;onf jyefvnfjrifhrm; vlwdkif;yg&rD r&ifhMuyg/ 31bHk oHo&mvnfjcif;onf vmjyD;? a*smf'efEdkifiHudk umqD;xm;aom obm0twm;tqD;ozG,f rufarmp&m r&Sdyg/ aMumufp&m? &GHrkef;p&mMuD;omyg? vljzpfvlcsrf; jzpfaeonf/ &moDOwktajctaeu xl;jcm;\/ a,½I&SvifjrdKYonf om&Sdovdk? vljzpfvl'ku©vnf;jzpfaMumif;? ewfjzpfewfcsrf;om&Sdovdk? vwåDwG'f 31 'D*&D 47 rD;epf? ajrmufavmif*sDwG'f 35 'D*&D 18 ewfjzpfewf'ku©jzpfaMumif;ESifh? jA[®mjzpfjA[®mcsrf;om&Sdovdk jA[®m rD;epf? ta&SYwGifwnf½SdjyD;? ajrxJyifv,f urf;pyfrS ta½SYbuf 35rdkif jzpfjA[®m'ku©jzpfaMumif; tb,foljiif;Edkifrnfenf;/ ]]csrf;om}} ü tuGmwGifwnf½SdjyD; qm;ieftdkif (yifv,fao) taemufajrmuf 18 jyóemr&Sdaomfvnf; ]]'ku©}} ü jyóem t&yf&yf&SdaejyD;? xdkjyóem rdkifwGif wnf&Sdonf/ yifv,fjyifrS tjrifhay 2000 cefYrs jrifhojzifh udk ]]rnfodkYajz&Sif;ygrnfenf;}} ? a*gwrenf;t& xdk'ku©bHkrS vGwf xdka'o wpf0dkufwGif &oDOwkrSm at;jrí orrQwrI&Sdonf/ ajrmuf&efrSm vl(rdrd)tay:üom &EIef;jynfhrlwnfjyD;? edAÁmefa&muf *gvdvJe,fw0dkufwGif pdrf;vef;pdkajyvSí opfyif? yef;rm aMumif;w&m;udk rdrdudk,fwdkif udk,fusifhEdkifygrS vGwfajrmufrnf? vmrsm; a0a0qmqmjzpfaeaoma'o jzpfygonf/ajrmufydkif;wGifrl edAÁmefa&mufrnfomwnf;/ rusifhEdkifaomodkwdkYrSmum; 31 bHktwGif;ü um; [mrkefawmifxdyfw0dkufü a&rsm;cJí qD;ESif;jzLjzLazG;azG;wdkYudk oHo&m w0Jvnfvnf? 31bHk&Jhom;aumiftjzpf oHo&mc&D; qufae twdkif;om;jrifawGYae&ygonf/ wpfEdkifiHvHk;wGif½Sdaom ½Icif;onf &OD;rnfomwnf;/ tvGefom,m pdkajyvSonf/ ajrMoZmaumif;aom csdKifh0Srf;a'oü xm0&bk&m;\enf;t&rlum; xdkbHkrSvGwfajrmuf&ef toD;tESHrsdK;pHk? &moDra&G; aygufa&mufonf? tjcm;aomEdkifiHrsm;wGif ]]aumif;uifbHka&mufaMumif;w&m;}} &Sdxm;ygonf? xdkw&m;um; oJuEå&awmifwef;ESifh yifv,fwdkYjcm;em;aeaomfvnf; ygvuf raeY? ,aeY? aemifumv rajymif;rvJ? urÇmtqufquf wnf&Sdae pwdkif;EdkifiHonf wdkufMuD; (3) wdkuf\ tv,fA[dkwGif wnf½Sdae onfh wyg;wnf;aom edpöxm0&bk&m;ocif\ arwåmawmf? *&kPm ayonf/ awmf? tMuHawmfjrwfu c&pfawmftm;jzifh bk&m;ocifudk zcifwOD; urÇmw0Srf;vHk;\ tcsuftjcmusaom xdke,fajronf tjzpf tMuGif;rJh cspfcifMunfndK jrwfEdk;aMumuf&GH cdkvIHvmMu&jyD; c&pf,mefbmomudk tpysdK;arG;zGm; oefYpifayvdkufonf? c&pfawmf\ vlom;tcsif;csif;vnf;? a,½Ic&pfawmfü wpfqlwnf;aom bk&m; vlUZmwdcH,l arG;zGm;&ma'oMuD;aywnf;/ c&pfawmf\ a'opm&D ocif\ om;o®D;jzpfMuaMumif;? om;OD;a,½Ic&pfawmfESifh nDtpfudk vSnfhvnfcJh&ma'oMuD; aywnf;/ armifESrrsm;tjzpfudk wOD;ESifhwOD; cspfcifjrwfEdk;&rnfhtaMumif; jzpf tjzpfrSef½Iaxmifh ( 7 )rsdK; vmav\/ c&pfawmf\ oufawmfpOf 12 ESpfronf 30 ESpftMum; wdkwdkESifhvdk&if;qdk&aomf wdkuf&dkufbk&m;ESifhvludk jyefvnf qufpyfqufoG,fay;vdkufol? olYudkol vrf;cif;ay;vdkufoljzpfonf? ocifa,&I\ oufawmfpOftrSefudk aMuvnfatmif twwfEdkifqHk; xdkvrf;udkavSsmufvdku vlwdkif;avSsmufEdkifygonf? ravSsmufvdku MudK;pm;í atmufygtwdkif; wifjy&Sif;vif;oGm;ygrnf/ 1. yXr&Iaxmifh - or®musrf;pmawmfjrwf tjrif vnf; zefqif;&myg vGwfvyfpGm a&G;cs,fydkifcGifht& vlwdkif;\qE´yif/ (Biblical View) c&pfawmfonf ygvufpwdkif;EdkifiHwGif ay:xGef;cJhonf/ 2. 'kwd,&Iaxmifh - "avhxHk;wrf;tjrif udk,fawmfonf ygvufpwdkif; EdkifiHom; *sL; (0g) tpö a&;vlrsdK;wpfOD; (Customary View) jzpfygonf/ 3. wwd,&Iaxmifh - omoemordkif;aMumif;tjrif oufawmfpOf wckvHk;onf ½Sifawmfa*gwr jrwfpGmbk&m; (Historica View) yGifhawmfrrlrDrS a½S;txufu Asm'dwfawmftwdkif; rSefuefjzpfysufcJh 4. pwkw¬&Iaxmifh - a'oEå& yx0Dtjrif ygonf/ ESpfaygif; 2000 ausmfu ygvufpwdkif;EdkifiHonf pwk&ef; (Geographical View) rdkifaygif; wpfaomif;cefYom jzpfonf? tvSsm; 150 rdkif;? teHtus,f 5. yOör&Iaxmifh - pufrlvufrltjrif (Technological View) qHk; awmifydkif;ü 75 rdkifom&Sdygonf/ xdkYaMumifh xdkEdkifiHonf qGpövef 6. qXr&Iaxmifh - pmay&Iaxmifhtjrif (Litracy View) EdkifiHxufi,fjyD;? paumwvefEdkifiH xuf0ufrQom&Sdonf/ jrefrm 7. owår&Iaxmifh - taxGaxG&Iaxmifh EdkifiHtaemufydkif;wdkif; {&d,meD;yg;cefYom&Sdygonf/ (quf&ef) (Miscellaneous View)

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jrwfr*Fvmowif;aumif; "r®&o*sme,f

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