The official publication of the NACC & AAICC Chambers of Commerce. Visit www.mynacc.org
THE
CONSUMER ADVOCATE
VOL. 2 NO.1
Crimestopper:
Health Fraud Division Launched Time-Barred Debts ... see page 5
Self Employed? Learn What the Affordable Care Act Means ...see page 16
BY HON. CHARLES J. HYNES DISTRICT ATTORNEY, KINGS COUNTY
I
n 2000 I created a Public Assistance Crimes Unit which prosecutes highend welfare cheats. Those cases involve investigating, arresting and prosecuting those lying about their eligibility to receive benefits—by lying about their income, resources or residences. We also prosecuted those who were using their Medicaid cards to buy medications via
forged prescriptions or with prescriptions written by unscrupulous doctors also involved in fraudulent activities. That bureau and the model upon which it was built proved highly successful. In February of this year I expanded that bureau with the help of city and federal resources in order to take a bigger bite out of fraud. Both Commissioner Doar of NYC HRA and NY State Senator Schumer have collaborated with me along with United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York, Loretta Lynch, Kathleen Sebelius, the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services and Bridget Brennan, the New York Special Narcotics Prosecutor. Together we will share information and intelligence and pool resources to go after doctors, pharmacies, clinics, and all other Medicaid and Medicare providers who are found to be exploiting the programs necessary for the health and wellbeing of continued on page 4
Plus: Help for Fraud Victims... see page 10
A Forgotten Battleground: Women’s Bodies & the Civil Rights Movement ...see page 22
Five Questions to Ask Before Tying the Knot ...see page 18
Free Consultations on Bankruptcy Issues ...see page 5
Success Starts on June 20: Day of Opportunities for Entrepreneurs
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BY MARILYN SILVERMAN
rooklyn, NY: The New American Chamber of Commerce (NACC), established in October 2005, is having its Annual Multicultural Business Expo on Thursday, June 20, 2013, at the New York Marriott at the Brooklyn Bridge, 333 Adams Street, downtown Brooklyn. All businesses, chambers, entrepreneurs, budding and current of all ages, professionals, nonprofit organizations and youth accompanied by their parents or an adult are
continued on page 17
The Dirty Dozen Tax Scams ... see page 15
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A Preview of the 2013 Economic Report of the President
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BY ALAN B. KREUGER, WHITE HOUSE
his year's Economic Report of the President describes the progress we have made recovering from the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. After years of grueling recession, our businesses have created over six million new jobs. As a nation, we now buy more American cars than we have in 5 years, and less foreign oil than we have in 20 years. Our housing market is healing, and homeowners and consumers enjoy stronger protections than ever before. But there are still millions of Americans whose hard work and dedication have not yet been rewarded. Our economy is adding jobs, but too many of our fellow citizens still can't find fulltime employment. Corporate profits have reached all-time highs, but for more than a decade, wages and incomes for working Americans have barely budged. As President Obama has said, "A growing economy that creates good, middle-class continued on page 13
CONTENTS
Know & Protect Your Rights
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2
In the News......................................................................................................................4
Time-Barred Debts & Debt Collectors............................................................................5
Protect Information during the Tax-Season Identity Theft Boom..................................7
Be Aware When It Comes to Oil Changes......................................................................8
Help for Fraud Victims..................................................................................................10 Protect Yourself from the Dirty Dozen Tax Scams.......................................................15
Money, Taxes & Business
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Educate Yourself before Starting a New Career Path ....................................................6 Five Steps to Help Improve Financial and Physical Health.........................................11
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7 Common Small Business Tax Misperceptions...........................................................14 . Self-Employed? Learn What the Affordable Care Act Means for You .......................16
Health, Family & Relationships Five Questions to Ask before You Tie the Knot...........................................................18
Are You Apologizing Right?.........................................................................................19 One Beautiful Date Night Look....................................................................................19 . Brooklyn Residents Called to Contribute to Historic Cancer Research Effort...................................................................................20
Buyer Beware: Anti-Aging Products............................................................................21
Immigration & Civil Rights
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The Economic Case for Commonsense Immigration Reform......................................12 A Forgotten Battleground: Women’s Bodies and the Civil Rights Movement....................................................................................22 102-Year-Old’s Voter’s Letter to Scalia on ‘Racial Entitlement’......................................................................................................23
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3# THE CONSUMER ADVOCATE TEAM
Publisher I.Q. INC.
Editor-in-Chief Pearl Phillip
Contributors Hon. Charles J. Hynes Alan B. Kreuger Gene Sperling Jenee Desmond-Harris Vandell Park Jamia Wilson Meredith K. Olafson Jennine Estes Jenee Desmond-Harris Legal Advisor Brian Figeroux, Esq.
Graphic & Website Designers Praim Samsoondar Lana Delgadillo Shaquana Folkes Marketing Executives Marilyn Silverman
Corporate Office 26 Court Street, Suite 701 Brooklyn, NY 11242 Tel: 718-771-0988 Fax: 718-222-3153 Email: cariaweekly@aol.com Website: www.mynacc.org
The Consumer Advocate is a publication of the New American Chamber of Commerce (NACC), a 501 (c)(6) organization established to promote, advance and facilitate the success of New American businesses. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it is not intended to provide legal advice as individual situations will differ and should be discussed with an expert and/or lawyer.
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IN THE NEWS Health Fraud Division Launched... continued from page 1
being of our communities. The new division, the Healthcare Fraud Division, will be the first in the nation that combines federal and local resources to investigate and prosecute Medicare and Medicaid fraud, abuse and waste. The new Division will be solely dedicated to that purpose and staffed with attorneys, detectives, forensic medical auditors, paralegal analysts and civil forfeiture attorneys. Already this year we arrested 26 targets involved in a fraud emanating from one practitioner. Dr. Naveed Ahmad was arrested for bilking Medicaid and Medicare for services he did not render. Not only did Dr. Ahmad bill for procedures he never performed, but also he wrote prescriptions for HIV meds to those who were not HIV positive. This was done in exchange for them pretending to be patients. Those who recruited these patients to go to the doctor would pay them $300.00 for the prescription they were given. Those meds were then bought and charged to Medicaid or Medicare and resold on the black market. This new collaborative effort enabled us to move swiftly, gather evidence and put these criminals out of business. We anticipate this new Division will not only be as busy as the Recipient Fraud PAC Bureau is but also just as successful if not more due to the collaborative efforts of all members involved.l
More than $1.1 Million to Victims of Bogus Health Insurance
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he Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is mailing 50,395 refund checks totaling more than $1.1 million to consumers who were victimized by a telemarketing operation that allegedly tricked them into buying worthless medical discount plans. In June 2012, the FTC announced that it halted the scam. Under several settlement orders, Health Care One, Americans4Healthcare Inc., Elite Business Solutions, Inc., Mile High Enterprise Inc., and their principals were barred from having any role in a healthcare-related enterprise and from selling healthcare-related goods or services. The checks are being mailed by an administrator working for the FTC, and will expire 60 days after they are issued. Consumers with questions about the Health Care One refund checks should call the refund administrator at 1-877-690-7103. For general questions about the FTC’s redress program, visit www.FTC.gov/refunds.l
Tax Relief Extended for Victims of Hurricane Sandy
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n the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, the Internal Revenue Service announced additional tax relief to affected individuals and businesses, further extending tax deadlines until April 1, 2013 for the following FEMA-designated counties: 1.In New Jersey (starting October 26, 2012): Monmouth and Ocean counties. 2. In New York (starting October 27, 2012): Nassau, Queens, Richmond and Suffolk Counties. In addition, the IRS will work with any taxpayer who resides outside the disaster area but whose books, records or tax pro-
fessionals are located in the areas affected by Hurricane Sandy. All workers assisting the relief activities in the covered disaster areas who are affiliated with a recognized government or philanthropic organization are eligible for relief. This tax relief postpones various tax filing and payment deadlines that occurred starting in late October 2012. As a result, affected individuals and businesses have until April 1, 2013 to file these returns and pay any taxes due. This includes the fourthquarter individual estimated tax payment, normally due January 15, 2013. It also
4 includes payroll and excise tax returns and accompanying payments for the third and fourth quarters, normally due on October 31, 2012 and January 31, 2013 respectively, and calendar year corporate income tax returns due March 15. Tax-exempt organizations required to file Form 990 series returns with an original or extended deadline falling during this period also qualify for this tax relief. The IRS will abate any interest, late-payment or late-filing penalty that would otherwise apply to any taxpayer located in the disaster area. Contact us today if you're a taxpayer living outside of the impacted area and think you may qualify for this relief. Call NetTax Services at 718-596-3234.l
FTC Cracks Down on Senders of Spam Text Messages Promoting "Free" Gift Cards
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he Federal Trade Commission is cracking down on affiliate marketers that allegedly bombarded consumers with hundreds of millions of unwanted spam text messages in an effort to steer them towards deceptive websites falsely promising “free” gift cards. In eight different complaints filed in courts around the United States, the FTC charged 29 defendants with collectively sending more than 180 million unwanted text messages to consumers, many of whom had to pay for receiving the texts.
The messages promised consumers free gifts or prizes, including gift cards worth $1,000 to major retailers such as Best Buy, Walmart and Target. Consumers who clicked on the links in the messages found themselves caught in a confusing and elaborate process that required them to provide sensitive personal information, apply for credit or pay to subscribe to services to get the supposedly “free” cards. "This announcement says ‘game over’ to the major league scam artists behind millions of spam texts," said Charles A.
New York City Paid Sick Days Legislation
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BY JENNIFER JONES AUSTIN EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR & CEO, FPWA
he Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies fully supports the creation of paid sick leave for New York City workers. Paid sick days is a worker and family protection issue, as well as a significant public health concern. For New Yorkers working and living today without paid sick time, taking time off from work to recover or get needed medical care means loss of pay, which often leads to falling behind in rent or other bills. Some sick workers may also face retaliation including the loss of a good shift, or even being fired. Approximately 23% of workers report that they have lost a job or were told they would lose a job due to taking time off for personal or family illness. Lack of paid sick time is an especially severe problem for low-wage workers, among whom women and people of color are over-represented. A sound public policy would support workers when they or their families are ill so that they can quickly recover and be able to continue working. The New York City Paid Sick Time Act would ensure a modest minimum floor of paid sick time for workers in the city. Legislation that provides paid sick leave for all New York City workers would be consistent with the City and State's rich history of supporting workers, as well as the needy. The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated in 1882 in New York City
and Article XVII of the New York Constitution provides constitutional protections for the provision of care and aid for the needy. Given this history, it is hard to believe that there is not already a paid sick time law in New York City. More than one million workers in the city do not have any paid sick time to care for themselves or sick loved ones. By enacting this legislation, New York City would set a standard for the rest of the nation and live up to its proud history of supporting humane policies for low-income and working people. The Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies (FPWA) promotes the social andeconomic well-being of greater New York s most vulnerable by strengthening human service organizations and advocating for just public policies. FPWA believes society should maintain a safety net for vulnerable individuals and families who are unable to meet their basic needs and that employed individuals should be provided fair compensation and the workers benefits needed to sustain their employment including paid sick days which we view as an indispensable component of economic security.l
Harwood, Acting Director of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection. "The FTC is committed to rooting out this deception and stopping it. For consumers who find spam texts on their phones, delete them, immediately. The offers are, in a word, garbage." According to the FTC complaints, the defendants sent text messages to random phone numbers, including to consumers who do not have a text message subscription plan. As many as 12 percent of mobile phone users fall into this category.l
Calls for Next FCC Chair to Advance Civil Rights Agenda
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ade Henderson, president and CEO of The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, issued the following statement after the announcement that Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chair Julius Genachowski will step down: “The announcement of Chairman Genachowski’s departure from the FCC marks an opportunity for the Commission to place a greater emphasis on the needs of our diverse nation. As President Obama looks to find the next FCC Chair, as well as a successor to Commissioner McDowell, we hope that he will take into account the important role that the FCC plays in the advancement of equality in American society. As our nation diversifies, it’s imperative that we increase opportunities for minority and female media ownership, that we expand access to broadband for all Americans, and that we ensure that the implementation of spectrum auctions don’t come at the expense of underserved communities. We applaud Chairman Genachowski’s steps toward enacting the National Broadband Plan and regulating predatory phone rates for families of prisoners, but that unfinished business will need to be handled by an incoming Chair who recognizes how communications policies impact the poorest and most vulnerable communities in society. We urge the administration to act with expediency to nominate a new chair, so that the FCC does not lose any time in moving ahead on the civil rights communications agenda.”l
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FORECLOSURE & BANKRUPTCY
5
Time-Barred Debts and Debt Collectors
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f you have old debts, collectors may not be able to sue you to collect on them. That's because debt collectors have a limited number of years — known as the statute of limitations — to sue you to collect. After that, your unpaid debts are considered "time-barred." According to the law, a debt collector cannot sue you for not paying a debt that's time-barred. This gets tricky for consumers because the statute of limitations varies from state to state and for different kinds of debts. It is also tricky because, under certain circumstances, the clock can be reset, and the time period can be started fresh. That's why the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the nation's consumer protection agency, says it's important to understand your rights if a debt collector contacts you about an old debt. Under the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), a debt collector is someone who regularly collects debts owed to others. This includes collection agencies, lawyers who collect debts on a regular basis, and companies that buy unpaid debts and then try to collect them. The term 'debt collector' doesn't include original creditors who collect their own debts.
When is an old debt too old for a collector to sue? Typically, state law determines how long the statute of limitations lasts. Usually, the clock starts ticking when you fail to make a payment; when it stops depends on two
things: the type of debt and the law that applies either in the state where you live or the state specified in your credit contract. For example, the statute of limitations for credit card debt in a few states may be as long as 10 years, but most states impose a period of three to six years. To determine the statute of limitations on different kinds of debts under each state's law, check with a legal aid lawyer, another attorney, or your State Attorney General's Office.
What should I do if a debt collector calls about a time-barred debt? Collectors are allowed to contact you about time-barred debts. They might tell you that the debt is time-barred and that they can't sue you if you don't pay. If a collector doesn't tell you that a particular debt is time-barred — but you think that it might be — ask the collector if the
debt is beyond the statute of limitations. If the collector answers your question, the law requires that his answer be truthful. Some collectors may decline to answer, however. Another question to ask a collector if you think that a debt might be timebarred, is what their records show as the date of your last payment. This is important because it helps determine when the statute of limitations clock starts ticking. If a collector doesn't give you this information, send him a letter within 30 days of receiving a written notice of the debt. Explain that you are 'disputing' the debt and that you want to 'verify' it. The more information you give the collector about why you are disputing the debt, the better. Collectors must stop trying to collect until they give you verification. Keep a copy of your letter and the verification you receive.
Must I pay a debt that's considered timebarred? The decision to pay a time-barred debt is up to you. You have options, but each one has consequences. For example, whether you pay the debt and how much you pay will affect your credit rating. Consider talking to a lawyer before you choose an option. •Pay nothing on the debt. Although the collector may not sue you to collect the debt, you still owe it. The collector can continue to contact you to try to collect, unless you send a letter to the collector demanding that communication stop. Not paying a debt may make it harder, or more expensive, to get credit, insurance, or other services because not paying may lower your credit rating. •Make a partial payment on the debt. In some states, if you pay any amount on a time-barred debt or even promise to pay, the debt is 'revived.' This means the clock resets and a new statute of limitations period begins. It also often means the collector can sue you to collect the full amount of the debt, which may include additional interest and fees. •Pay off the debt. Even though the collector may not be able to sue you, you may decide to pay off the debt. Some collectors may be willing to accept less than the amount you owe to settle the debt, either in one large payment or a series of small ones. Make sure you get a signed form or letter from the collector before you make any
FREE BANKRUPTCY CONSULTATION
continued on page 7
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STOP Creditors’ Harassment!
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STOP Lawsuits! STOP Foreclosures!
Filing a Chapter 7, 11 or 13 bankruptcy may be your only choice!
Documents Required: *List of debts *Your most recent tax returns *Correspondence from creditors *Lawsuit documents *Social Security and ID *List of assets
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Educate Yourself Before Starting the Path to a New Career & JOBS RECESSION NAME OF PAGE HERE
I
f you're looking to start a career — whether it's because you're just beginning your journey as a working adult or because you're ready for a change in life — you should know that the process is much larger than just getting a degree and looking for a job. A career involves knowing your interests in a particular industry or area, knowing what to expect as far as compensation and responsibility and researching what tools and knowledge you will need to be an asset for companies in that industry. It's wise to begin your pursuit by educating yourself on what careers are in demand and what skills you need to enter those careers. "Job seekers and students seeking a degree to build their skills need to take control of their careers," says Abby Kohut, a human resources executive, recruiter and author of "Absolutely Abby's 101 Job Search Secrets." "They need to understand the connection between their education and a meaningful career by becoming more informed about where their interests lie, what jobs are in demand and what education is needed to gain the skills that today's employers demand."
Here are a few simple steps that can help get you started: 1. Understand your interests: Some colleges and universities offer prospec-
#6
of Phoenix students incorporate into their academic journey so they are developing the competencies that employers are seeking in the workforce today. And career preparation tools provide students with resume, cover letter and interview development services so they can put their best foot forward while job searching.
tive and current students complimentary self-assessment options to help determine careers that fit their interests. For example, the University of Phoenix offers Phoenix Career Services, a comprehensive suite of tools and services specifically designed to help prospective and current students make informed decisions regarding their career paths and educational needs. And the Career Interest Profiler helps students to identify professional interests in several areas, allowing them to plan ahead for paths of study.
2. Understand employer needs: Knowing what jobs will keep your interest going strong is a good start, but it's also important to learn what employers
need from workers in that field so you can take the right college courses and learn the appropriate skills. You also should learn what jobs are in demand in your field of interest, so you can assess whether your career of choice offers room to enter and grow. University of Phoenix's Job Market Research Tool helps potential and existing students learn the demand and typical salary information in the current market.
3. Understand educational needs: Starting a new career often involves the need to return to school for a new degree so you can be more competitive when entering the job market. My Career Plan is a personalized roadmap that University
4. Understand your financial responsibilities: Schools will provide information on financial obligations and options, helping potential students determine if starting or going back to school is a viable option at the moment. Having a clear picture of the total cost and anticipated timing for paying off a college expense can help you set a budget as you pursue your new career goals. The University of Phoenix, for instance, offers a complimentary Financial Plan designed to help prospective students estimate tuition and fees for their entire degree program and build a personal plan for how they will pay for it.
A new career is an exciting opportunity, and can provide a new look on life from income to social connections and even where you live. Just be sure to educate yourself before you jump into schooling so you can prepare yourself for the perfect career.l(BPT)
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ISSUES IDENTITY NAME OF THEFT PAGE HERE
Protect Your Information during the Tax-season Identity Theft Boom
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ax season can be stressful, and each year people scramble to send in their tax returns, right down to the deadline. But for those who do a little preparation and avoid procrastinating, it can be significantly less tense. However, whether you're a last-minute rusher or an ahead-ofthe-game planner, you need to take steps to protect your identity during tax time, or you could be facing the greatest stress of all. With so much financial information crossing the wires and the mail routes, tax season is ripe for exploitation by identity thieves. Unfortunately for many, the thieves haven't hesitated to take advantage. According to a U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) report (November 2012), the Internal Revenue Service identified more than 640,000 incidents of identity theft that impacted tax administration in the first nine months of 2012 alone, a large increase over prior years. Those numbers make it clear that tax-time identity theft is a risk that everyone should take seriously. You should take steps to protect your information — this year and every year around tax time.
* Be cautious with your paperwork. Don't leave mail with sensitive information sitting in your mailbox, where it's vulnerable to theft. And whether you're sending or receiving, avoid leaving items sitting in your car or in your home where they are in
plain sight for someone looking in the windows.
* Check your credit report One of the best ways to stay informed about the state of your identity is by monitoring your credit. Everyone is entitled to a free yearly credit report, but if identity theft happens after you view that report, it could be months before you notice an instance of fraud — and a lot can happen during that time. Using a credit monitoring program gives you better protection, thanks to unlimited access to your credit report from companies like Equifax and automated alerts when key changes appear on your accounts. In the event that the worst happens, some programs offer help through 24/7 access to identity theft resolution specialists.
* Learn to be scam-savvy Identity thieves are no fools — but they will
try to fool you. Stay informed about scams and never give out personal information over the phone or on the Internet unless you initiated the contact and you're absolutely certain about whom you're dealing with. Keep in mind that the IRS does not ever request sensitive information via email — almost all official IRS communication is carried out by regular mail.
* Make sure you're using safe technology. Update your computer's anti-virus software and security patches and check to ensure that any site you're using is firewall-protected. Also, be aware that some photocopy machines have hard drives that store digital versions of anything they are used to copy. Don't let tax time become more nervewracking than it needs to be. Prepare your return in time, and prepare yourself to fight identity theft, in order to ensure that you'll be on time, secure and hassle-free.l(BPT)
Time-Barred Debts...
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continued from page 5
payment. This document should state that the entire debt is being settled and that the amount to be paid will release you from any further obligation. Without this document, the amount paid may be treated as a partial payment on the debt, instead of a complete payment. Keep a record of the payments you make to pay off the debt.
What should I do if I'm sued for a timebarred debt? Defend yourself in court. If you're sued to collect on a time-barred debt, pay attention, and respond. Consider talking to an attorney. You or your attorney should tell the judge that the debt is time-barred and, as proof, provide a copy of the verification from the collector or any information you have that shows the date of your last payment. The lawsuit will be dismissed if the judge decides the debt is time-barred. In any case, don't ignore the lawsuit. If you do, the collector likely will get a court judgment against you, and possibly take money from your paycheck, bank account, or tax refund. Assert your FDCPA rights. It's against the law for a collector to sue you or threaten to sue you on a time-barred debt. If you think a collector has broken the law, file a complaint with the FTC and your state attorney general, and consider talking to an attorney about bringing your own private action against the collector for violating the FDCPA.l Source: Federal Trade Commission
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KNOW YOUR RIGHTS
8
Consumers, Be Aware: Know the Facts When It Comes to Oil Changes
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ith more than 300 million vehicles on the road today, motor oil is the lifeblood of any engine and can help protect and prolong its life, whether you're driving a compact car, pickup truck or SUV. However, not just any motor oil will ensure the healthy life of an engine and, unfortunately, discounted deals for an oil change may not be such a deal after all. With consumers looking to reduce their automotive maintenance costs, service locations can be quick to offer discounted services to capitalize on value seekers. How can a consumer be sure he or she is getting a quality motor oil and filter as part of the deal? A promise of "up to five quarts conventional oil" doesn't really tell the consumer much about the quality of the oil being installed. "I can't stress how important it is to be 'in the know' when it comes to motor oil changes and to understand that there is a big difference between a value and just a cheaper deal," says automotive expert Lauren Fix, or the "Car Coach" as she's known around the nation. "If drivers choose to have a professionally installed motor oil in their vehicle, it's a must for them to confirm what that shop is actually pouring into their car." Motor Oil Matters (MOM), a new consumer education and industry watchdog program by the American Petroleum Institute, has been established to stress the benefits of quality licensed motor oils and call onto the carpet those who engage in deceptive practices.
ommendations in the vehicle's owner's manual. Pay close attention to the oil life monitor if a vehicle has it. When the monitor says it's time for a change, it's time. Drivers need to pay close attention to their vehicle usage because vehicle manufacturers sometimes recommend oil drain intervals based on driving habits.
Do you know what you're getting? Your service provider should be happy to supply you with the brand, viscosity grade and performance level of the oil they use before it is poured into your vehicle. It's also important to ask for that information in writing or on the receipt. Drive away from locations that don't know or won't confirm in writing what they're pouring into your vehicle.
MOM and Fix recommend consumers arm themselves with a simple checklist of questions to help them make informed decisions about motor oil:
Time for a change? The bottom line: Follow the oil change rec-
Who can you trust? The American Petroleum Institute certifies oil change locations under the MOM program. Service providers that are MOM-certified have had their quality control procedures independently audited and have made the commitment to always tell their customers exactly what oil is going into their cars.
Does the oil meet the performance level recommended for my car? Motor oil matters. Any motor oil poured into a vehicle should meet the level of perform-
ance recommended by the vehicle manufacturer in the owner's manual. For many vehicles, manufacturers recommend oils that comply with the latest ILSAC (International Lubricant Specification Advisory Committee) or American Petroleum Institute standards. The American Petroleum Institute independently audits and licenses motor oils that meet its standards. Licensed oils carry the American Petroleum Institute's Starburst or Donut certification marks as a representation and warranty that these oils meet the institute's standards.
Getting a full change? Make sure the oil change includes a fresh filter. Your owner's manual likely recommends a particular type of oil filter, so make sure the right one is included with your oil change.
Not sure how to find an MOM-certified oil change location in your area? Consumers can find a MOM licensed location near them by visiting www.MotorOilMatters.org or looking for the MOM mark. This website is a great resource to find more information about quality motor oil and how it helps protect your vehicle. MOM is also watching out for the "bad guys" and consumers are encouraged to confidentially report any oil marketer, distributor or service location that they suspect is misrepresenting the quality of the oil being marketed, supplied or installed. l(BPT)
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NAME OF KNOW YOUR PAGE RIGHTS HERE
# 10
Help for Fraud Victims
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BY HON. CHARLES J. HYNES DISTRICT ATTORNEY, KINGS COUNTY
iolent crime in our city is at historic lows; the economy is supposedly improving; yet the shelter system is bursting as people struggle with joblessness, homelessness, or underemployment. One constant in all economies is greed. Thieves are always trying to steal—whether the victims have a little or have a lot. Common sense and self-protection must always be the first defenses, so that fewer people become crime victims in need of the police and my office. This article talks about some of the most common scams seen in my office and gives tips on avoiding becoming a victim.
Identity Theft: This does not make the headlines much anymore, but it continues to be a scourge. Identity theft is simply someone using your identity—your name, your birthdate, your address, your social security number, or a combination of these—to pretend to be you and to steal from others, leaving you responsible for the bill. Victims of identity theft often either lost some important document, such as a pay stub, or they carelessly gave out personal information, such as at a video store or to a telemarketer. Your identifying information is your property—like your purse or your wallet—guard it with the same care. Be vigilant. State law allows you to get a free credit report from each of the three national
credit bureaus once a year (so you can get three reports a year). Order and review them. Check out accounts you don’t recognize. Also, don’t answer e-mails from banks claiming to be “verifying� your information. Banks don’t communicate with their customers in that way.
Immigration Fraud: Getting permission to work in the U.S. and getting citizenship are complicated processes. Scammers are all too willing to help with “shortcuts� because they claim to know of a “special� program or they have a “friend� at Immigration. There are no shortcuts. Beware of persons claiming to be lawyers. Many are not. A licensed attorney is listed with the state court system and their status is easily checked on the web. Similarly, “notaries� in this country just take signatures; they have no special legal status. It is the policy of my office—and the law in New York City—that immigration status of crime victims WON’T be reported to any immigration authorities. Victims of immigration scams should never hesitate to contact the police or my office.
Contractor Fraud: Keeping up your property is an investment in your most valuable asset. Too often homeowners pay exorbitant fees and get substandard work that sometimes can create a hazard or risk. The New York City Department of Consumer Affairs licenses home improvement contractors. Check if your contractor is
licensed; ask for references. Don’t hire a handy “friend� unless he has the right credentials.
Rental Scams: With the drastic increase in foreclosures my office is seeing a drastic increase in rental scams. Many owners have simply walked away, leaving their properties “ripe for the taking.� Fake landlords have swooped in to steal from unsuspecting renters. It is easy to check on who actually owns a building. If you are not dealing with that person, you may be dealing with a scammer.
Deed and Mortgage Frauds: Owning a home is the American Dream. But if your deed is on record with the City, it’s also on the web. Filing a false deed is surprisingly easy. (With some help from my office, a reporter filed a false deed on the Empire
State Building!). You can sign up with the Department of Finance to receive an e-mail whenever any document is put on record against your property. If you are having trouble paying your mortgage, scammers may contact you to offer a loan modification, a payment plan approved by your lender that reduces your monthly mortgage payment. Don’t pay fees in advance—it’s against the law. You only have to pay for a loan modification AFTER the modification has been approved. You can also take advantage of any number of government-funded, free services. If someone tries to “rescue� you from foreclosure, it’s usually a deed scam disguised as a refinance wherein the con artist will require you to transfer title to your home. Refinancing does not involve signing over your deed. Refinancing means YOU working with the bank either to renegotiate the terms of the mortgage or to get a new mortgage. If you sign a deed, you are, in effect, selling your house and divesting yourself of ownership of your home.
Getting Help and More Information: For information on each of the items I’ve described—and on many other frauds—or to make a complaint if you have been a victim, contact my Action Center at (718)2502340. If the matter appears to be criminal,
the Center will refer it to the appropriate bureau in my office for further investigation and possible prosecution. My office has prosecuted numerous cases of consumer frauds, but first and foremost we work hard to prevent crime in the first place. Be informed, be vigilant, and be safe. Don’t be a victim.l
New York City Family Justice Center 350 Jay Street, 15th Floor Brooklyn, New York 11201
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The following is a list of services available at the New York City Family Justice Center in Brooklyn (BKFJC). All information is kept confidential; however, those services marked with an asterisk (*) are mandated reporters of child abuse and/or neglect, and are required to report suspected child abuse and/or neglect to the proper authorities. The BKFJC is an initiative of the Mayor's Office to Combat Domestic Violence in partnership with the King's County District Attorney's Office. Case Managers* Police *
Probation *
The District Attorney's Office (DA) * Therapeutic Counseling * Elder Abuse Services *
Legal Information on Family Matters, Immigration & Divorce Self-Sufficiency Services Interfaith Spiritual Caregivers
Children's Services *
In an emergency call 911; for general questions about domestic violence services, please call the NYC 24-hour domestic violence hotline 1-800-621-HOPE or 311
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ESTATE PLANNING
Five Steps to Help Improve Financial and Physical Health
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lans to improve health and finances are among the most common resolutions Americans make each year. Both are worthy goals, but did you know that improving your financial health may boost your physical health as well? "Money problems are a well-known cause of stress, and the negative impact that stress has on one's physical health is well-documented," notes Lule Demmissie, a managing director of investment products and retirement. "It makes sense that relieving stress through better financial planning, among other remedies, can help contribute to better physical health." In fact, a retirement survey indicated that taking care of at least one important financial task — retirement planning — may help alleviate stress, both today and in the future. Women who started saving for retirement before their 30th birthday and contributed regularly to retirement savings reported feeling less anxious, frustrated or regretful, and more positive and satisfied about retirement compared to those women who waited to begin saving for retirement or who didn't regularly contribute to their retirement savings. Fortunately, the steps for improving your financial health and physical health resemble each other. Whether your goal is to increase your retirement savings or the hours you spend exercising, these five steps can set you on the right path:
1. Set a goal It's important to define your objective. Be as detailed as possible in painting a vision for your future — one that includes the accomplishment of your specific goal. Remember to place direct needs first.
2. Create a budget A budget is the foundation for any solid financial goal. Track your monthly income and expenses, both the "needs" and "wants," and plan accordingly. You need to understand how you are already spending your money and how much you need to save to help achieve your goal.
3. Establish a savings plan Prioritize where you allocate your money. First, it's a good idea to pay down highinterest debt such as credit cards. Next, consider establishing an emergency sav-
ings fund with enough cash reserve to cover at least six months of living expenses. Third, if possible, maximize your retirement savings by contributing the maximum amount allowed by the IRS. If you can't contribute the maximum, remember that no amount is too small. If your employer offers a 401(k) match, try to take advantage of it. Remember to use easy "set it and forget it" strategies like auto-investing into your 401(k) and IRA and saving regularly will not be a burden.
4. Develop an investment plan After you've established a budget and created a savings plan, it's important to make smart investment decisions with your remaining finances. Work with a professional to help evaluate important factors like risk tolerance, tax status, time horizon, etc. Make sure your investment plan aligns with both your short-term and long-term needs. If you have five years or less to reach your goal, you may need to find more liquid investment opportunities. If you have 10 years or longer to reach your goal, you may have more investment flexibility. If you prefer to do this last step independently there are many easy-to-use tools that can help you assess your risk tolerance and investment horizon.
5. Get educated about money Money isn't the only thing you need to invest in order to improve your financial health. You'll also need to invest time to fully understand your personal financial situation and the options available to help you achieve your financial goals. Take advantage of free savings and planning tools on financial websites which offers investors access to free resources like retirement calculators and portfolio planners, as well as information on how to make financial decisions that can help you pursue your financial goals. "Just as it's never too late to take steps to improve your physical well-being, it's never too late to start saving for retirement," Demmissie says. "Taking steps to improve your financial health can help relieve stress now and help you feel more confident about your plan for the future."l(BPT)
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NAME OF PAGE HERE IMMIGRATION
# 12
The Economic Case for Commonsense Immigration Reform
A
BY GENE SPERLING, WHITE HOUSE
merica’s immigration system is broken. Too many employers game the system by hiring undocumented workers and there are 11 million people living in the shadows. Neither is good for the economy or the country. We must come together on a plan that requires responsibility from everyone —both from the workers who came here illegally and those who hire them—and guarantees that everyone is playing by the same rules. Together we can build a fair, effective and commonsense immigration system that strengthens our economy and the middle class. As the President has made clear, any effort must include continuing to strengthen border security, creating an earned path to citizenship, holding employers accountable, and streamlining legal immigration. Folks on both side of the aisle agree that we need to work together to bring millions of undocumented individuals out of the shadow economy and provide U.S. businesses with a stronger, legal workforce so we can better compete in the 21st century global economy. It’s clear commonsense immigration reform is good for the economy as a whole. Don’t take our word for it — study after study has shown that commonsense immigration reform will strengthen the econo-
my, spur innovation and increase U.S. trade and exports. Here are just a few studies that make the economic case for commonsense immigration reform:
•Fixing our broken immigration system would increase America’s GDP. In 2006, the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office found that immigration reform would increase GDP by between 0.8 percent and 1.3 percent from 2012 to 2016. More small businesses means more jobs, and we’ll also see a boost in demand for local goods.
•Immigrants start small businesses. According to the Partnership for a New American Economy, immigrants are more than twice as likely to start a business in the United States as non-immigrants, and in 2011, immigrants started 28 percent of all new businesses while only accounting for 13 percent of the U.S. population.
for American workers. According to the Fiscal Policy Institute, small businesses owned by immigrants employed an estimated 4.7 million people in 2007, and these small businesses generated more than $776 billion in revenue annually.
•Immigrants boost demand for local consumer goods. According to the 2010 American Community Survey, immigrants earned a total of $1.1 trillion, and the Immigration Policy Center estimates that the purchasing power of Latinos and Asians, many of whom are immigrants, alone will reach $1.5 trillion and $775 bil-
lion, respectively, by 2015. It’s also worth noting that more than 40 percent of Fortune 500 companies were founded by immigrants or a child of immigrants. According to the Partnership for a New American Economy, these companies employ more than 10 million people worldwide and generate annual revenue of $4.2 trillion. We also need to make sure we attract and retain the best and brightest students from around the world to help ensure the next great breakthroughs in technology and medicine are developed right here in the United States. • Immigrants innovate as scientists and engineers. According to the National Survey of College Graduates, immigrants represent slightly under 14 percent of the resident working population holding a bachelor’s degree or higher, but among this group they represent 29 percent of scientists. They also represent 50 percent of PhDs working in math and computer science occupations and 57 percent of PhDs working in engineering occupations.
•Immigrants develop cutting-edge technologies and companies. According to a paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research, immigration was responsible for one third of the explosive
ALL IMMIGRATION MATTERS lGET THE FACTS
•Immigrant-owned businesses create jobs
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lMAKE THE RIGHT DECISION
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lBEWARE OF IMMIGRATION FRAUD
uHealth Care (RN/OT/PT/TSHH/SLP’S & IT Cases) uExtension of Status & Visa Renewals uWork Authorization uH-IB Professional Workers uF-1 Students uJ-1 Exchange Visitor Trainees uO-1 Extraordinary Ability uR-1 Religious Workers
uU.S. Citizenship uFamily-sponsored Permanent Residence uGreen Cards/Labor Certification (RIR) uImmigration Visa Petitions:Employment Based uTemporary Work Visas uNaturalization Derivative Petitions uLabor Certifications uApplication for Asylum uPetitions for Writ of Habeas Corpus
uAppeals to the Board of Immigration Appeals
uLawsuits involving Eligibility and Processing for
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NAME OF OBAMA ADMINISTRATION PAGE HERE
The President’s Economic Plan... continued from page 1
jobs–that must be the North Star that guides our efforts." Although economics has long been called "the dismal science," it is more appropriately viewed as a "hopeful science." The right mix of economic policies and leadership can help a country to recover from a deep recession and point to the investments and reforms that will build a stronger, more stable, and more prosperous economy that works for the middle class. Conversely, government dysfunction or misguided fiscal policy can cause selfinflicted wounds to the economy. This year's Economic Report of the President highlights the progress that has been made in recovering from the deepest recession since the Great Depression, together with the policies that the Obama Administration is advancing to address the fundamental imbalances and threats that have built up for decades and that have created severe stress on the middle class and those striving to get into the middle class. This Report reviews the progress of the ongoing economic recovery during 2012 and highlights the main goals of the President's economic agenda. These goals include strengthening the foundations of economic growth by investing in education, research, and infrastructure, and by fixing a broken immigration system through commonsense immigration reform; ensuring fairness for the middle class by reforming the tax code and health insurance system; and bolstering the econ-
The Economic Case... continued from previous page
growth in patenting per capita in the 1990s, and these innovations contributed to increasing U.S GDP by 2.4 percent. According to the National Venture Capital Association, immigrants have started 25 percent of public U.S. companies that were backed by venture capital investors. This list includes Google, eBay, Yahoo!, Sun Microsystems, and Intel.
omy's resilience to future challenges by addressing the dangers of climate change, moving toward energy independence, pursuing a balanced approach to deficit reduction, adding safeguards to the financial system, opening up new markets for U.S. exports, and equipping American workers to compete in the global economy. Finally, given the importance of economic data in driving economic policy and in helping households and businesses to make sound decisions, this year's Economic Report of the President continues the tradition of highlighting areas where economic data have improved or could improve further.l To read the entire www.mynacc.org
Report,
visit
•Immigrant scientist and engineers positively impact wages. According to a study at the University of California — Davis, a 1 percent increase in the share of foreign scientist and engineers in the U.S. workforce would increase the wages of native college-educated workers by 4 to 6 percent, and have no significant effect on the wages and employment of native non-collegeeducated workers. We can also boost our exports to help ensure America continues to build things the rest of the world buys by improving infrastructure and staffing at ports of entry in order to facilitate more efficient and secure trade.
•Fixing our broken immigration system is critical to bilateral trade and U.S. exports. Investments to strengthen the border and facilitate more efficient trade with both Mexico and Canada will strengthen the U.S. economy. Canada and Mexico are our first and third trading partners in the world, respectively, together accounting for nearly
13 # one-third of U.S. exports in 2012, and more than $3 billion two-way trade per day in 2012. An increase in exports means more jobs right here in the US. We can also reform the tourist visa process by strengthening international law enforcement cooperation and facilitating more efficient travel. That means more tourists are renting cars, staying in hotels, eating at restaurants, and spending money in the U.S.
•Fixing our broken immigration system will help increase international travel and tourism to America. Travel and tourism represent the largest service-export industry in the U.S., setting a record $168.1 billion in exports in 2012 and supporting 7.7 million jobs in the third quarter 2012. The economic impact and importance of travel and tourism will continue to grow in the coming years as emerging economies around the world experience an increase in their vacationing middle classes. China, Brazil, and India alone represent approximately 40 percent of the world’s population and by 2017 the number of travelers from those countries is expected to increase by 259 percent, 83 percent, and 47 percent, respectively. As you can see there’s a strong economic case for commonsense immigration reform. We’re pleased with the progress being made on Capitol Hill — it’s time to finish the job.l
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NAME OF MONEY & PAGE TAXESHERE
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7 Common Small Business Tax Misperceptions
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ne of the biggest hurdles you'll face in running your own business is staying on top of your numerous obligations to federal, state, and local tax agencies. Tax codes seem to be in a constant state of flux making the Internal Revenue Code barely understandable to most people. The old legal saying that "ignorance of the law is no excuse" is perhaps most often applied in tax settings and it is safe to assume that a tax auditor presenting an assessment of additional taxes, penalties, and interest will not look kindly on an "I didn't know I was required to do that" claim. On the flip side, it is surprising how many small businesses actually overpay their taxes, neglecting to take deductions they're legally entitled to that can help them lower their tax bill. Preparing your taxes and strategizing as to how to keep more of your hard-earned dollars in your pocket becomes increasingly difficult with each passing year. Your best course of action to save time, frustration, money, and an auditor knocking on your door, is to have a professional accountant handle your taxes. Tax professionals have years of experience with tax preparation, religiously attend tax seminars, read scores of journals, magazines, and monthly tax tips, among other things, to correctly interpret the changing tax code. When it comes to tax planning for small businesses, the complexity of tax law generates a lot of folklore and misinformation that also leads to costly mistakes. With that in mind, here is a look at some of the more
common small business tax misperceptions.
1. All Start-Up Costs Are Immediately Deductible Business start-up costs refer to expenses incurred before you actually begin operating your business. Business start-up costs include both start up and organizational costs and vary depending on the type of business. Examples of these types of costs include advertising, travel, surveys, and training. These start up and organizational costs are generally called capital expenditures. Costs for a particular asset (such as machinery or office equipment) are recovered through depreciation or Section 179 expensing. When you start a business, you can elect to deduct or amortize certain business start-up costs. For tax years beginning in 2010, you can elect to deduct up to $10,000 of business start-up costs paid or incurred after 2009. The $10,000 deduction is reduced (but not below zero) by the amount such start-up costs exceed $60,000. Any remaining costs must be amortized.
2. Overpaying The IRS Makes You "Audit Proof" The IRS doesn't care if you pay the right amount of taxes or overpay your taxes. They do care if you pay less than you owe and you can't substantiate your deductions. Even if you overpay in one area, the IRS will still hit you with interest and penalties if you underpay in another. It is never a good idea to knowingly or unknowingly
overpay the IRS. The best way to "Audit Proof" yourself is to properly document your expenses and make sure you are getting good advice from your tax accountant.
3. Being incorporated enables you to take more deductions Self-employed individuals (sole proprietors and S Corps) qualify for many of the same deductions that incorporated businesses do, and for many small businesses, being incorporated is an unnecessary expense and burden. Start-ups can spend thousands of dollars in legal and accounting fees to set up a corporation, only to discover soon thereafter that they need to change their name or move the company in a different direction. In addition, plenty of small business owners who incorporate don't make money for the first few years and find themselves saddled with minimum corporate tax payments and no income.
4. The home office deduction is a red flag for an audit While it used to be a red flag, this is no longer true--as long as you keep excellent records that satisfy IRS requirements. Because of the proliferation of home offices, tax officials cannot possibly audit all tax returns containing the home office deduction. In other words, there is no need to fear an audit just because you take the home office deduction. A high deductionto-income ratio however, may raise a red flag and lead to an audit.
5. If you don't take the home office deduction, business expenses are not deductible. You are still eligible to take deductions for business supplies, business-related phone bills, travel expenses, printing, wages paid to employees or contract workers, depreciation of equipment used for your business, and other expenses related to running a home-based business, whether or not you take the home office deduction. 6. Requesting an extension on your taxes is an extension to pay taxes. Extensions enable you to extend your filing date only. Penalties and interest begin accruing from the date your taxes are due.
7. Part-time business owners cannot set up self-employed pensions If you start up a company while you have a salaried position complete with a 401K plan, you can still set up a SEP-IRA for your business and take the deduction. A tax headache is only one mistake away, be it a missed payment or filing deadline, an improperly claimed deduction, or incomplete records and understanding how the tax system works is beneficial to any business owner, whether you run a small to medium sized business or are a sole proprietor. And, even if you delegate the tax preparation to someone else, you are still liable for the accuracy of your tax returns. If you have any questions, don't hesitate to give us a call today. We're here to assist you.l Source:www.nettaxservices.com
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MONEY & TAXES
15
Protect Yourself from the Dirty Dozen Tax Scams
T
5. “Free Money” from the IRS & Tax Scams Involving Social Security. Beware of scammers who prey on people with low income, the elderly and church members around the country. Scammers use flyers and ads with bogus promises of refunds that don’t exist. The schemes target people who have little or no income and normally don’t have to file a tax return. In some cases, a victim may be due a legitimate tax credit or refund but scammers fraudulently inflate income or use other false information to file a return to obtain a larger refund. By the time people find out the IRS has rejected their claim, the promoters are long gone.
he IRS’s annual ‘Dirty Dozen’ list includes common tax scams that often peak during the tax filing season. The IRS recommends that taxpayers be aware so they can protect themselves against claims that sound too good to be true. Taxpayers who buy into illegal tax scams can end up facing significant penalties and interest and even criminal prosecution. The tax scams that made the Dirty Dozen list this filing season are:
1. Identity Theft. Tax fraud through the use of identity theft tops this year’s Dirty Dozen list. Combating identity theft and refund fraud is a top priority for the IRS. The IRS’s ID theft strategy focuses on prevention, detection and victim assistance. During 2012, the IRS protected $20 billion of fraudulent refunds, including those related to identity theft. This compares to $14 billion in 2011. Taxpayers who believe they are at risk of identity theft due to lost or stolen personal information should immediately contact the IRS so the agency can take action to secure their tax account. If you have received a notice from the IRS, call the phone number on the notice. You may also call the IRS’s Identity Protection Specialized Unit at 800-908-4490.
2. Phishing. Phishing typically involves an unsolicited email or a fake website that seems legitimate but lures victims into providing personal and financial informa-
tion. Once scammers obtain that information, they can commit identity theft or financial theft. The IRS does not initiate contact with taxpayers by email to request personal or financial information. This includes any type of electronic communication, such as text messages and social media channels. If you receive an unsolicited email that appears to be from the IRS, send it to phishing@irs.gov. 3. Return Preparer Fraud. Although most return preparers are reputable and provide good service, you should choose carefully when hiring someone to prepare your tax return. Only use a preparer who
Strategies to Accelerate Revenue Growth
Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses Workshop
Wednesday, April 17, 2013 Time: 5:00pm to 7:00pm Location: NACC Conference Room, 26 Court Street, Suite 701, Brooklyn, NY 11242
Experience an actual class of the Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses program. Learn impactful strategies to develop the mindset, tools and resources to accelerate growth within your business. This exciting program is designed to give local small business owners across the NY metropolitan area resources to grow. Space at this introductory program will be limited to the first 50 that meet the following criteria: n Must be the owner of business n Business must have been in operation at least two years n Business revenues must be between $150,000 and $4 million n Business must have at least 4 employees Registration is approved upon meeting the above criteria. NACC & AAICC Members: FREE Non-members: $25.00 Light refreshments will be served.
Must RSVP: Email: info@mynacc.org Tel: 718-722-9217 Website: www.mynacc.org
signs the return they prepare for you and enters their IRS Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN).
4. Hiding Income Offshore. One form of tax evasion is hiding income in offshore accounts. This includes using debit cards, credit cards or wire transfers to access those funds. While there are legitimate reasons for maintaining financial accounts abroad, there are reporting requirements taxpayers need to fulfill. Failing to comply can lead to penalties or criminal prosecution. Visit IRS.gov for more information on the Voluntary Disclosure Program.
6. Impersonation of Charitable Organizations. Following major disasters, it’s common for scam artists to impersonate charities to get money or personal information from well-intentioned people. They may even directly contact disaster victims and claim to be working for or on behalf of the IRS to help the victims file casualty loss claims and get tax refunds. Taxpayers need to be sure they donate to recognized charities. 7. False/Inflated Income and Expenses. Falsely claiming income you did not earn or expenses you did not pay in order to get larger refundable tax credits is tax fraud. This includes false claims for the Earned Income Tax Credit. In many cases
$50 Fee Tax Preparation
continued on the page 17
Federal & State For Income less than
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Audit Representation on Any Year Taxes Year-round Tax Services
Figeroux & Associates Tax Practice
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Self-Employed? Learn What the Affordable Care Act Means for You OF PAGE HERE MATTERS SMALL NAME BUSINESS
M
Find Insurance Options Today To find an insurance plan that meets your needs today, check out the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) insurance finder tool. By answering just a few simple questions, you’ll be able to locate health insurance plans in your state and explore whether there are local facilities in your area that provide free or reduced-cost health care. To learn more about health insurance available to self-employed individuals, visit healthcare.gov.
BY MEREDITH K. OLAFSON, SBA
any of the provisions of the Affordable Care Act affect small businesses differently depending on their size. For self-employed individuals in particular, there are new options for health coverage and other changes under the health care law that will directly affect you in the coming months.
New Options for Health Coverage through the Affordable Insurance Marketplaces Under the Affordable Care Act, selfemployed business owners now have more options than ever to find affordable health coverage. Beginning in January 2014, selfemployed individuals and other consumers will be able to purchase their insurance through new Health Insurance Marketplaces (also referred to as Exchanges). Health insurance plans offered in these new insurance Marketplaces will offer a core package of benefits, known as “essential health benefits.” The plans may vary according to the percentage of costs the health plan covers, or “metal levels”: 60 percent for a bronze plan, 70 percent for a silver plan, 80 percent for a gold plan, and 90 percent coverage for a platinum plan. Issuers may offer catastrophic-only coverage, which includes free prevention and
several primary care visits, to young adults among others. Self-employed individuals may qualify for premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions on a sliding scale, based on income, to purchase coverage in the Marketplace. Increased access to quality, affordable health care will make it easier for potential entrepreneurs to go out on their own instead of staying at larger firms simply because of "job lock” or the lack of access to affordable insurance outside of work. For more information on individual tax credits offered through the Marketplaces and to stay connected with the latest information visit healthcare.gov.
New Insurance Coverage Requirements: Individual Shared Responsibility The Individual Shared Responsibility provisions of the Affordable Care Act call for each individual, beginning in 2014, to have: •Basic health insurance coverage (known as minimum essential coverage) for each month, •Qualify for an exemption, or •Make an Individual Shared Responsibility payment when filing a federal income tax return starting in 2015. Minimum essential coverage includes employer-sponsored coverage, coverage purchased in the individual market, Medicare, Medicaid coverage, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) coverage, veteran’s health coverage, TRICARE, and others as identified by the U.S.
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Department of Health and Human Services. Individuals will not have to make a payment under the Individual Shared Responsibility provisions if: •Coverage is unaffordable •They spend less than three consecutive months without coverage •They qualify for an exemption for several other reasons, including hardship and religious beliefs.
To learn what Individual Shared Responsibility requirements and exemptions may apply to you, refer to this Fact Sheet from the U.S. Department of Treasury, as well as these helpful Q&As from the Internal Revenue Service, or consult with your tax professional. For more information about other provisions affecting self-employed business owners under the Affordable Care Act, go to sba.gov/healthcare. l
Meredith K. Olafson is Senior Policy Advisor for the U.S. Small Business Administration where she oversees the agency's education and outreach efforts around health care and the Affordable Care Act.
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MATTERS SMALL NAME BUSINESS OF PAGE HERE
Protect Yourself from the Dirty Dozen Tax Scams continued from page 15
Earned Income Tax Credit. In many cases the taxpayer ends up repaying the refund, including penalties and interest. In some cases the taxpayer faces criminal prosecution. In one particular scam, taxpayers file excessive claims for the fuel tax credit. Fraud involving the fuel tax credit is a frivolous claim and can result in a penalty of $5,000. 8. False Form 1099 Refund Claims. In this scam, the perpetrator files a fake information return, such as a Form 1099OID, to justify a false refund claim.
9. Frivolous Arguments. Promoters of frivolous schemes advise taxpayers to make unreasonable and outlandish claims to avoid paying the taxes they owe. These are false arguments that the courts have consistently thrown out. While taxpayers have the right to contest their tax liabilities in court, no one has the right to disobey the law.
10. Falsely Claiming Zero Wages. Filing a phony information return is an illegal way to lower the amount of taxes
an individual owes. Typically, scammers use a Form 4852 (Substitute Form W-2) or a “corrected” Form 1099 to improperly reduce taxable income to zero. Filing this type of return can result in a $5,000 penalty.
11.Disguised Corporate Ownership. Scammers improperly use third parties form corporations that hide the true ownership of the business. They help dishonest individuals underreport income, claim fake deductions and avoid filing tax returns. They also facilitate money laundering and other financial crimes.
12. Misuse of Trusts. There are legitimate uses of trusts in tax and estate planning. But some questionable transactions promise to reduce the amount of income that is subject to tax, offer deductions for personal expenses and reduced estate or gift taxes. Such trusts rarely deliver the promised tax benefits. They primarily help avoid taxes and hide assets from creditors, including the IRS. l Source: IRS
June 20: Day of Opportunities for Entrepreneurs...
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invited to this one-day, business-to-business, empowering and networking event. This Expo is produced in partnership with the African-American Chamber of Commerce (AAICC). The day starts off at 8:00am with a Welcome VIP Breakfast where attendees can hear from, meet and mingle with top business experts. Space is limited and tickets cost $50.00. June is Caribbean-American Heritage Month as well as the Juneteenth commemoration date, June 19, 1865. This Expo is a celebration of multiculturalism, empowerment and achievement which all minority communities can be part of. During the day, attendees will have the opportunity to network with other businesses and share information about their products and services as well as attend FREE educational seminars and workshops. These include a small business boot camp series, a full day with top business authors and more. For registration and more information, please visit www.mynacc.org. We are making a special plea to youth to attend. Parents, guardians and family members, please come with your daughter, son, niece, nephew, granddaughter, grandson, cousin, and neighbor’s kid(s). We need our young people to plant the seed of entrepreneurship in our young people; to think as employers, not employees. Too many of our youth are unemployed, graduating from college with a degree and no hope for employment or gainful employment. There’s going to be a special seminar, I’m Going to College to
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Start a Business, Not Get a Job. The day culminates with a Cocktail Reception Awards. Tickets cost $50.00 and can be purchased at www.mynacc.org. Success starts on Thursday, June 20, 2013. It’s one day, one location, endless opportunities. What you will learn is secrets and strategies for success. You can and will realize your entrepreneurial dreams, and grow and take your business to new heights. Don’t miss this opportunity. Don’t miss out on this event. Register to attend at www.mynacc.org. It’s FREE. Sponsorship and exhibiting opportunities are still available. Call 718722-9217, ext 112. Listen to the NACC Empowerment Hour every Saturday at 2:00pm on www.diasporaradio.com for news and updates.l
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Five Questions to Ask Before You Tie the Knot
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phrase you often hear in wedding toasts: "I'm so lucky I'm marrying my best friend." Now that you've found the person you want to spend the rest of your life with, make sure you protect each other by considering the bigger financial picture. According to Wedding Paper Divas, 47 percent of engaged couples spend between one and nine hours per week planning their weddings, but it's unlikely that much of that time is spent planning for life after the big day. "Getting married is the perfect time to take a fresh look at your entire financial picture, including your insurance needs," says Doug Smith, a senior vice presidentoof an insurance company. "It's much better to plan before the wedding so there are no surprises later."
Have you thought about life after you say "I do?" When you get married, you may become part of a dual-income household. When this happens, you plan your future based on a new budget created by two incomes, which brings increased financial responsibility. Should something happen, surviving family members could struggle without the right level of protection. Your strategy: Make sure your spouse is protected if one income is lost. Universal life insurance provides insurance for your entire life and builds a cash value. Term life insurance provides affordable coverage for a set number of years. Some websites offer online calculators to help you determine how much insurance you need. As you begin to build a nest egg, you have more assets to protect. A personal umbrella policy provides extra protection for you and your family against lawsuits arising from personal injury or property damage claims.
Here are five key insurance questions to discuss with your spouse-to-be before taking a walk down the aisle:
Where's my bling? Chances are you spent a lot of time and money picking out rings you'll love and wear every day. But according to asecurelife.com, one in 36 homes in the United States will be broken into this year, so it's important to make sure you have the right insurance to cover your rings if they're lost or stolen. Your strategy: Have your rings appraised to establish their value. Keep your store receipts and take a picture of the rings. Having pictures and documentation helps speed up the claims process if you have to file a claim. Also, keep your rings in a safe deposit box when you're not wearing them.
Baby, can you drive my car? Once you're married, your spouse generally will be covered on your auto insurance policy and vice versa. This could mean opportunities for savings. Your strategy: Once you become a twocar home, you may be eligible for a multicar discount. You should also consider bundling your car insurance with your homeowners and/or life insurance which can result in even more savings. Additionally, some insurance companies offer a lower rate for married couples, so talk to your insurance agent to find out if this applies to your policy.
Have you protected the things that make your house a home? Are you planning to move into a new home after the honeymoon? Whether or not your living situation changes, make sure your home and belongings are protected. Your strategy: Consider what new pieces will be added to your abode. If you purchase new furniture, art pieces or any other new belongings, it's a good idea to make sure those items are covered in case of theft, fire, or natural disaster. You'll also want to make sure your home insurance covers 100 percent of the cost to rebuild your home if needed. "Do your research," says Smith. "Some insurance companies cap their coverage at a certain amount. That means you could
find yourself substantially underinsured, even if you thought you were paying for so-called 'replacement cost' insurance."
What do you need to do before plunging into a remodeling project? Even if you're not purchasing a new home, two people in a house means you need more space, so you may be adding
on to your existing home. This can mean workers doing potentially dangerous jobs in the home. Your strategy: When you hire a contractor, request a certificate of insurance to confirm their liability and workers' compensation coverages. Review the certificate and your homeowners policy.
While it's important to plan for rain on your wedding day and to make sure everyone has a place card, it's even more important to plan for what comes after the moment you say "I do." Making the proper insurance and financial arrangements will be a load off your mind if something should arise.l(BPT)
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Are You Apologizing Right?
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BY JENNINE ESTES aying that you’re sorry after you know you’ve done something wrong is often not an easy task. You may have a hard time finding the right words, or be worried that the other person will reject your gesture. Even if you’re anxious, the worst thing you can do is just say a generic “I’m sorry” without any feeling or sincerity. A real apology needs to acknowledge and show real emotion. If you want to extend an olive branch, here are some tips for how to apologize and truly improve your relationship.
1. Connect with the other person’s emotions Even if you’re upset with the person that you’re apologizing to because he has also done something wrong, take time to really think about where he is coming from and what his emotions are. When you can get a handle on what the other person is feeling you can begin to open yourself and have an honest conversation. If you aren’t bothering to think about the other person’s feelings, he will be able to sense that and it will probably be difficult to accept your apology.
2. Show your own emotions and remorse Open up about why you understand your actions or words hurt the other person and show that you’re sorry with not only your statements, but also your body language and tone of voice. If you tell someone
you’re sorry in an angry or sarcastic tone, they are naturally likely to take it the wrong way. Use a soft tone of voice and open body language to show that you are not in a defensive stance. Be vulnerable, and talk about what it means to you that the relationship gets back on track.
3. Understand the consequences of your actions You can’t always expect someone to immediately forget that their pain ever happened and for things to just “go back to normal.” Depending on what you did, such as belittle or cheat on your partner, it may take time for the wound to heal and trust to be rebuilt. Tell the person you’re apologizing
to, that you understand the consequences and will do what it takes to rebuild your dynamic. This will show him that you’re not just offering an empty apology and are willing to put in work to really make things right.l Jennine Estes is a licensed marriage and family counselor living in San Diego, CA. She has appeared in both local and national media and specializes in all areas of relationships; singlehood, dating issues, conflicting couples, affairs, communication struggles, etc. Visit her website at www.estestherapy.com
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One Beautiful Date Night Look
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etting ready for a date night can be fun, but finding the perfect look can be overwhelming. Going out today can mean so many things — it's not just dinner and movie anymore, there is a style for everything. Whether it's a cozy evening at home with your sweetie, a big date night or a night out on the town with your girlfriends, you want a look that will wow everyone you meet, especially that special someone. Romantic night in: This natural look is all about flawless skin, a fresh glow and lots of lashes; the goal is to look like yourself, but extra irresistible. First, prep your skin with a primer and sweep on foundation and concealer using the right tools in the set. Then set with a loose powder (applied with a full powder brush) for an airbrushed finish. Next, contour and shape cheekbonesa brush dipped in bronzer. For a little glow, use the flat side of the brush to apply an illuminating powder. Top with a light blush on the apples of the cheeks. To make eyes pop, apply a neutral-colored shadow on the eyelid and just under the brow bone, a darker brown shadow to define the crease of the eye and a taupe shadow just above the crease. Define brows with a brow pencil to tame fly-aways. Line the upper lash line and outer lash line with a soft black pencil, smudging away any harsh edges, and apply lengthening mascara for a flirty fringe. Finish off the look with a sweep of coral lipstick, using a detailed lip brush for extra staying power. Add a dab of clear gloss just in the middle for the illusion of added volume.(BPT)l
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Brooklyn Residents Called to Contribute to Historic Cancer Research Effort
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rooklyn, NY: Residents of Brooklyn have an unprecedented opportunity to participate in a historic study that is seeking the answers to cancer. Five hundred Brooklyn residents between the ages of 30 and 65 who have never been diagnosed with cancer are needed to participate in the third installment of the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Prevention Study, otherwise known as CPS-3. CPS-3 is a 300,000 person national volunteer study that aims to identify factors that cause cancer through longterm survey data collection. “Knowledge is power. CPS-3 provides researchers the knowledge they need to ensure a cancer free future,” explained Laurie Vokes, interim regional vice president for the American Cancer Society of Brooklyn. “By completing just one survey every two years, Brooklyn residents can make a tangible difference in the fight to end cancer.” The goal is to recruit 75 Community Champions who will support CPS-3 grassroots promotional efforts and 500 study participants in Brooklyn between March 19 and May 8. While the American Cancer Society has been conducting these types of studies for decades, their world-class research department can only study new and emerging cancer risks if members of the community are willing to become
involved. The Society is working in partnership with Union Temple of Brooklyn, New York Methodist Hospital and Long Island University to make this possible. To enroll in the study, individuals will go to a local enrollment location and will be asked to read and sign an informed consent form; complete a brief survey, have their waist circumference measured; and give a small blood sample. The in-person enrollment process takes approximately 20 to 30 minutes to complete. At home, individuals will complete a comprehensive survey packet that asks for information on lifestyle, behavioral, and other factors related to their health. Upon completion of this process, the Society will continue to send periodic follow-up surveys to update participant information and annual newsletters with study updates and results. The initial and follow-up surveys completed at home will take an hour or less of time to complete and are expected to be sent
every few years. “Many individuals diagnosed with cancer struggle to answer the question, ‘What caused my cancer?’ In many cases, we don’t know the answer,” said Alpa V. Patel, Ph.D., principal investigator of CPS-3. “CPS-3 will help us better understand what factors cause cancer, and once we know that, we can be better equipped to prevent cancer.” Dr. Patel added, “Our previous cancer prevention studies have been instrumental in helping us identify some of the major factors that can affect cancer risk. CPS-3 holds the best hope of identifying new and emerging cancer risks, and we can only do this if members of the community are willing to become involved.” Researchers will use the data from CPS3 to build on evidence from a series of American Cancer Society studies that began in the 1950s that collectively have involved millions of volunteer participants. The Hammond-Horn Study and previous
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Cancer Prevention Studies (CPS-I, and CPS-II) have played a major role in understanding cancer prevention and risk, and have contributed significantly to the scientific basis and development of public health guidelines and recommendations. Those studies confirmed the link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer, demonstrated the link between larger waist size and increased death rates from cancer and other causes, and showed the considerable impact of air pollution on heart and lung conditions. The current study, CPS-II, began in 1982 and is still ongoing. But changes in lifestyle and in the understanding of cancer in the more than two decades since its launch make it important to begin a new study. The voluntary, long-term commitment by participants is what will produce benefits for decades to come. “Taking an hour or so every few years to fill out a survey – and potentially save someone from being diagnosed with cancer in the future - is a commitment that thousands of volunteer participants have already made. We're looking for more like-minded individuals in Brooklyn to join this effort that we know will save lives and improve the outlook for future generations,” said Dr. Patel. For more information or to learn how to become involved with CPS-3, visit www.cps3brooklyn.org.l
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Buyer Beware: Anti-Aging Products
A Special Invitation
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istory has it that centuries ago, explorer Ponce DeLeon searched in vain for a Fountain of Youth. Even today, consumers explore store shelves, sail through a tide of TV and radio ads, and navigate the internet for an elixir to help them maintain a lean, strong body and wrinklefree skin. Some modern marketers of pills and sprays claim to have found a Fountain of Youth in a substance called HGH — Human Growth Hormone. But the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the nation’s consumer protection agency, says a closer look at these non-prescription products suggests that they may be nothing more than hype. Human Growth Hormone is a substance released by the pituitary gland that spurs growth in children and adolescents. Studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine suggested that when injected, HGH may provide some benefits. But these studies dealt with HGH that is available only with a doctor’s prescription. And even the prescription form of HGH has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for anti-aging uses. Nevertheless, some marketers are trying to capitalize on the studies by selling “imposter” pills and sprays, claiming that they provide the same benefits as prescription HGH. Some products claim to contain actual HGH; others are advertised as HGH “boosters” or “releasers” that promise to
to all faith-based leaders to empower their congregation and membership
from the IJLEF, Inc., a 501(c)(3) approved not-for-profit organization offering
increase the body’s ability to make its own HGH. Either way, FTC staff has seen no reliable evidence to support the claim that these “wannabe” products have the same effect as prescription HGH. In fact, the New England Journal of Medicine published a follow-up editorial about “imposter” HGH products in 2003, warning, “If people are induced to buy a ‘human growth hormone releaser’ on the basis of research published in the Journal, they are being misled.” And for its part, the FDA says it is unaware of any reliable evidence to support anti-aging claims for overthe-counter pills and sprays that supposedly contain HGH. The agency has not approved any such products for anti-aging or any other purpose.
In short, products that claim some connection to HGH that are available without a prescription at the corner drug store, online, or through a telemarketer are long on promises and short on proof when it comes to turning back the hands of time. The FTC says exercise doubt, and check it out with your health care provider, if you are tempted to buy any over-the-counter product that: •claims to contain HGH or to boost the body’s production of it; •promises easy weight loss, an effortless increase in muscle mass, or other “toogood-to-be-true” benefits; or •touts itself as an “anti-aging” shortcut to health and vitality. l
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A Forgotten Battleground: Women’s Bodies and the Civil Rights Movement
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BY JAMIA WILSON, VP OF PROGRAMS WOMEN UNDER SEIGE PROJECT
very few years, my consistently intrepid mother would experience terrifying nightmares. When I was 7, I asked her to tell me what monster was frightening her so much that she stirred and let out petrifying screams in her sleep. “Mom, it’s just pretend,” I said. “It’s only a dream.” As her breathing decelerated, and she realized she was safe in her bed, my mother turned to me and said: “Baby, it was real. I wish it were only a dream. One day I’ll tell you about the men who kicked me in my stomach.” Soon after, my mother explained to me what was keeping her from sleeping soundly. I learned that she had been beaten, jailed more than a dozen times, chased by dogs, and hosed down by South Carolina police during the civil rights movement. While I grew up with the knowledge that my family held deep roots in civil rights activism, my mother’s stories about the origins of her horrific dreams chilled my bones. Among many other accounts, she spoke about being kicked repeatedly in the area surrounding her reproductive organs by white men for sitting at a lunch counter. Mom recalled the trauma of surviving 1968’s Orangeburg Massacre in her South Carolina college community. That February day, police opened fire on a crowd of people
the movement’s progress through harassment and intimidation. Moreover, she insisted that routine acts of aggression were seldom met with accountability, which led to a cavalier perpetuation of this form of terror. Through my mother’s accounts and the stories my father shared about his cousin Joan Little, who bravely defended herself and Women at the 1963 civil rights march on Washington. Routine acts of aggression against women civil rights protesters were seldom met slayed a white jailer who tried to rape her, I learned with accountability. about the prevalence of vioprotesting segregation, killing three and lence against black women leading up to injuring 28 people—one of whom was a and during the civil rights movement. pregnant woman who miscarried as a result While my mother’s experiences and of the brutality. Little’s obviously differ due to the fact that According to my mother, black women’s my mother was not sexually assaulted, the bodies were often battlegrounds for oppocommon threads are that they both were vicnents of civil rights. She specified that while tims of police cruelty and unchecked sysall demonstrators were in danger of being temic violence fueled by a virulently racist attacked, women were often specifically tarand sexist culture. geted. She explained that the thugs (civilThrough family stories and Danielle L. ians and so-called law enforcement officers) McGuire’s groundbreaking text, At the Dark who battered her and her female counterEnd of the Street: Black Women, Rape and parts often exacerbated their attacks to Resistance—A New History of the Civil threaten black women’s dignity, and to Rights Movement from Rosa Parks to the spark the patriarchal ire of male protesters. Rise of Black Power, I strengthened my She implied that these white men used knowledge about the significance of bearing violence against black women as a tool to witness and documenting stories about viobuttress their notions of racial and gender lence against African American women. superiority, to flaunt control, and to disrupt McGuire’s book details how the “ritualis-
tic rape and intimidation” of black women including Recy Taylor, Betty Jean Owens, and Joan Little helped spark the civil rights movement by mobilizing black communities, giving much-needed context to how African American anti-rape activists and organizers such as Rosa Parks and Ida B. Wells inspired their communities to stand up for black women’s bodily integrity. I discovered At The Dark End of the Street when I learned that Gloria Steinem was inspired to start WMC’s Women Under Siege as a result of its findings and Sonja Hedgepeth and Rochelle Saidel’s anthology Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust. WMC’s Women Under Siege was created in order to document how sexualized violence is used in conflict with the understanding that recording and analyzing sexualized violence may enable us to build greater awareness about the causes of gender violence in conflict and prevent further atrocities. In an interview with the project’s director, Lauren Wolfe, Steinem spoke about the intrinsic link between sexualized violence during the civil rights movement and the Holocaust, and present-day sexualized violence in conflict. She said: "Documenting the problem allows individual victims to know they’re not alone or at fault, and allows the institutions of society to create
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continued on the next page
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102-Year-Old's Voter's Letter to Scalia on 'Racial Entitlement'
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BY JENEE DESMOND-HARRIS THE ROOT
esiline Victor — the 102-year-old whose determination to vote in the most recent presidential election despite hours long lines at her Miami polling place earned her an invitation to the State of the Union address — hasn't retired from the national stage just yet. Recently, the Huffington Post reports, she penned a letter to Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, letting him know that she was "shocked" about his labeling the Voting Rights Act a "racial entitlement" during the Supreme Court's oral arguments on a key provision of the law last month. "I would like to tell you about the struggles I faced in the last election," Victor writes. And she's quick to point out that the delays she faced had everything to do with the very types of cuts to early voting that Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act is designed to block when they disadvantage minority voters. Here's an excerpt: When I heard what you said about the Voting Rights Act being a “racial entitlement,” I was shocked. I thought you must not know what’s happening in this country. After learning more this year from the civil rights group, Advancement Project, I know that just as there were for me, there
are barriers to voting for many people — especially people who are black or brown. I also know that the Voting Rights Act is a way to protect the votes of communities that still face these problems. I would like to tell you about the struggles I faced in the last election. During the early voting period in Florida last October, I went to my polling place early in the morning. The line was already very long, and wait times were as high as six hours. I stood for three hours before I started to get shaky on my feet, but no one could assist me unless I made it to the front of the line. In addition, there were no
poll workers available who could help me in my native Kreyòl language, despite North Miami’s large Haitian community. I was told to come back later. I left. But I was determined to vote, so I tried again. On my second visit that night, I was happy when I finally cast my ballot. But I was also upset. In this great nation why should anybody have to stand in line for hours, and make two trips, to vote? Not everybody persevered as I did. I learned later that hundreds of thousands of voters in Florida gave up and went home without voting, and that Black and Latino voters were more likely to face those shamefully long lines and wait times. One reason was a new law that cut the early voting period. Around the country, other new laws were passed that made voting harder in 2012 —but Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act blocked many of them before the election. Section 5 also helps voters in other ways. In the five counties in Florida that are covered, voting help in Spanish and Kreyòl is required because of their large Latino and Haitian populations.l
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A Forgotten Battleground... continued from previous page
remedies, from laws to education. Naming sexualized violence as a weapon of war makes it visible and subject to prosecution. … By making clear that sexualized violence is political and public, it breaches that wall. It admits that sexualized violence can be changed." Today, Steinem’s assertion about the significance of reporting, recording, and bearing witness to sexualized violence deeply resonates as targeted attacks against women and girls are being utilized to assert cultural, sexual, and political domination in conflict zones worldwide from Syria to the Democratic Republic of Congo. Disturbingly, decades after the civil rights era, violence against women prevails in the United States as some politicians perpetuate rape culture by undermining the prevalence and severity of sexualized violence with shaming and stigmatizing pseudo-distinctions like “legitimate” and “forcible” rape. While we have made some progress since the civil rights movement, it is clear that stories about women of color, sexualized violence, and organized resistance are still largely absent from our collective consciousness. This is why it is imperative that we unearth and report stories about sexualized violence to reverse the erasure that has occurred as a result of media, policy makers, and law enforcement institutions leaving narratives about violence against women largely ignored or shrouded in silence. No one should have to experience what my mother did for the sake of justice.l
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