Animal Care & Control Today, a NACA Publication by nacanet

ANIMAL CARE & CONTROL

E SU S I 2019 March ER I M

Vol. 42, No. 1

Spring 2019

TODAY

A Publication of the National Animal Care and Control Association

Captive Birds: No Way Home

Stories From the Field - Cold Cat

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Distinguishing Between Fear & Aggression

Equine Welfare Data Collective

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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From Your NACA President By Misha Goodman

joined NACA in 2003 and served as president in 2008 and again in 2009. NACA is very different now than it was in 1978 when first incorporated. We have launched many rebranding initiatives, including a new website, this new quarterly magazine, Animal Care & Control Today, formerly NACA NEWS, as well as many new benefits and training opportunities just for our members. NACA will continue to change and differentiate ourselves to reposition our image in the animal welfare profession. We have a distinctive value that separates us from others in animal welfare and THAT IS you! Rest assured we will respect our past and honor the last 40 years, but we are moving ahead! With that being said, NACA's core values WILL NOT change. As most of you already know, NACA hired a new executive director this year. It is perhaps the most important decision the Board of Directors will make for the foreseeable future. John is enthusiastic, passionate, and has a strong vision for NACA’s role in the animal care and control profession. The Board was united in its belief that he is the best leader to take the association forward in a time when animal care and control is more challenging and complicated than ever before. As you may know, we have been working with Justice

Animal Care & Control Today ISSN 1090-3992 A quarterly publication Animal Care & Control Today accepts unsolicited manuscripts and photographs for consideration (SASE). NACA reserves the right to reject any manuscript or advertisement for any reason. Articles are subject to editing for space and/ or placement restrictions. Publisher Editor Graphic Design Printing

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Clearinghouse (JCH) to produce webinar-based training relating to animal welfare issues. We feel like this type of ongoing training is important not only to maintain skills but also to develop new ones and keep our community informed of recent changes and best practices. These webinars are recorded and through an organizational subscription that NACA just established with the JCH all current NACA members will be able to access these recordings, 24-7. Additionally, you will receive certificates of attendance for webinars you attend live or recorded and you can receive 1.0 CEUs, up to five per year through JCH/ NACA webinars. NACA’s first webinar “Bad Dogs, Bad Dogs: Whatcha Gonna Do? The Designation and Regulation of Vicious & Dangerous Dogs,” presented by NACA Board Member Nick Lippincott and NACA Ambassador Dan DeSousa, had 394 registered. They did an outstanding job. That was evident by some of the comments they received: “I’m in Cobb County, Georgia. Listening to the instructors discuss the importance of defining an attack/bite/ severe injury was an eye opener. Thank you so much for all of the information.” “Please do a follow-up! Need to have more on dealing with the media and public backlash when taking a dog. Excellent presentation.” “The fact that the education of public knowledge of what a dangerous dog might be and that animal owners believe that animals have the same rights as humans (as family members). Wow! We need something like this seminar to educate the folks in Maricopa County to THEIR statues.” By now, each of you should have received your login credential from JCH. If you have not, and you are a current member, please call the NACA executive office. To date we have 1,115 members registered with JCH to use this valuable benefit. In closing, I want to personally invite you to attend NACA’s 2019 Annual Training Conference and Show, October 9 and 10 in Orlando, Florida. You will not regret it! This year’s conference will be one of the most cost-effective professional development choices you can make! We are working hard to make it relevant, educational, and to offer you a great networking opportunity. You will gain knowledge that will strengthen your performance and your organization, and benefit those you serve. I hope to see you in Orlando! Please visit www.nacaconference.org and register today. v

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

THE NACA BOARD PRESIDENT Misha Goodman Bernalillo County Animal Care Services 3001 2nd street SW Albuquerque, NM 87111 505-975-5945 (work) 319-621-3274 (home) mgoodman@nacanet.org

SECRETARY Janeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Boswell Boulder Police Department 1805 33rd Street Boulder, CO 80301 720-879-8442 jboswell@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR Nicholas Lippincott Orlando, FL 32839 nlippincott@nacanet.org DIRECTOR Rob Leinberger Richmond, VA 23222 rleinberger@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR Lauren Bluestone Metro Nashville Animal Care and Control Nashville, TN 37211 lbluestone@nacanet.org

VICE PRESIDENT Adam Ricci City of Albuquerque Animal Services 8920 Lomas Blvd NE Albuquerque, NM 81112 505-764-1127 (cell) aricci@nacanet.org TREASURER Susan Cosby Petco Foundation 654 Richland Hills Dr. San Antonio, TX 78245 609- 975-3607 (Cell) scosby@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR Clint Thacker Las Cruces, NM 88012 cthacker@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR Alice Burton Alexandria, VA 22304 aburton@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR Cindy Weimann Covington, GA 30016 cweimann@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR Scott Giacoppo Hermitage, TN 37076 sgiacoppo@nacanet.org

DIRECTOR TBD

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR John Thompson; NACA Corporate Office; 913-768-1319; Fax: 913-768-1378; naca@nacanet.org

INSIDE THIS ISSUE...

3 President's Message 7 From the Executive Director 9 Distinguishing Between Fear

26 Disaster Planning 30 Looking at Population Health and Animal Care

33 EWDC - Analyzing and

and Aggression

Reporting Equine Welfare Data

Stories from the Field - Cold Cat

14 Our Critical Role in Detecting and Preventing Violence

17 Captive Bird Challenges 22 Introducing the National

Directory of Abuse Investigation Agencies

Using "Process" to Our Advantage

36 37

2018 Training Conference

2019 NACA Conference Schedule

The NIBRS Beat

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

From the Executive Director By John Thompson

e celebrated Animal Control Officer Appreciation Week in April, and while many of you took time to demonstrate pride and feel rewarded for the very important services you provide to your communities, we were reminded that the animal care and control profession still does not get the widespread respect it deserves. Too many times your profession is portrayed on television and in the movies as the bad guys. Our society is finally starting to look at the importance of animals in our daily lives, but the perception of your profession is lagging behind. Children are still brought up watching cartoons that often portray you as the inexperienced dogcatcher who is always being outfoxed by the cunning little dog. We know this is just not true! What is true, is that most of you are put at unnecessary risk every single day. You work the streets dealing with irresponsible humans, some of whom are the worst that our society can throw at you. Some of you are given the authority to enforce laws but lack the equipment needed to help with your duties or to protect yourselves. To add to it, many in animal control are expected to do a job when you are not even given the authority to do it. You work in one of the few jobs where day-to-day, you don’t know what can happen! So, no, you are not a dogcatcher, unless you are Zeb Towne, America’s only elected dogcatcher from Duxbury, Vermont, the only known jurisdiction in the U.S. with the title of dogcatcher elected by the voters. Some of you have the title of animal control officer, also referred to as animal warden or humane law enforcement officer. Some of you work for a government agency, a humane society or other organization contracted to provide animal services to a community. You may work under a police department, a sheriff’s office, parks and recreation department, or health department. There is definitely no one-size shoe that fits the title or job description of animal care and control! What is common is that you are the kind of person who removes a very cold and scared cat stuck between the radiator and fan of a vehicle in negative 32 degree weather like ACO Jeanette Graves from Campbell County, Wyoming! Or you’re like ACO Anthony McCall from Stafford County, Virginia, who jumped into a cold river without thinking of his own safety, to save an injured bald eagle! You are the person who removes alligators, snakes, oposJunior Officer sums, bats, and sometimes even a large spider from someone’s property to Badge Stickers protect and put citizens at ease. As if that were not enough, you even put your life at risk when you have to deal with lions and tigers and bears (oh my)! You may even be like ACO Chad Olds from Vance County, North Carolina, who brings his guitar to the shelter and serenades the homeless dogs. Olds said, “I honestly didn’t think it would do anything else but make the dogs more excited about lunch, I MET HAMMER but within seconds NEWBERG-DUNDEE POLICE K-9 UNIT of the first note the dogs had stopped Custom printed with your barking and were agency’s name and words. intensely focused Printed on white gloss stock, shiny gold or shiny silver foil. on the music.” Olds continued to explain, Visit our website to view “They were all just so all sticker shapes and prices quiet; it completely blew my mind.” Email: Your job, while resales@policestickers.com (continued on page 8) C

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

(continued from page 7) warding, comes with a great deal of stress and fatigue. Every day most of you have to deal with the lack of resources, insufficient staffing, or irresponsible pet owners. You have to witness the suffering of animals, and many times you have no other option but to end their lives. As I look around social media, I continue to see and hear the pain and frustration of your profession. One quote I recently read caught my attention and truly made me understand the heartaches dealt with on the job: “The worst part of animal welfare is when you accidentally fall in love with an animal. Then that animal gets euthanized because they’ve been at the shelter for over a month, the shelter has zero space, and no one stepped up. We try our best to keep ourselves detached enough not to break but compassionate enough to care and love for these animals the way they deserve. Sometimes a few slip through the cracks in our shells. Rest in Peace, sweet boy. My spirits are broken today. You are one that I’ll never forget, Matty. Yeah, shelter employees cry over these babies, too,” writes Loralei Melend, shelter professional. Each and every one of you deserves the respect and resources needed to successfully and compassionately perform your duties as animal care and control professionals. You have my promise, as your executive director, that I will continue to advocate for you and continue to work with our board to provide resources and support to assist you in your professional development. I strongly encourage each of you to be advocates for your profession. It is vital that we continue to educate others on the importance of animal care and control, and demonstrate why we are our community’s guardians when it comes to animal issues. We must also remember that while our roles in the animal care and control profession differ, we are one profession! We must stand together with other animal advocacy organizations and through these partnerships, make a significant difference both in our profession and in the communities we serve. I challenge you to think about the path of your own career as animal care and control continues to evolve. It’s important to recognize that the decisions you make might seem insignificant, but can have the ability to have an impact on all the people in your profession. v Kind Regards,

John

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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Fear vs. Targeted Aggression Can we tell the difference? By James W. Crosby, M.S.

t has been said that we humans are born as fear-based creatures craving attention. My experience tells me that the same idea applies to dogs. Just like most in the sheltering/animal control world, dealing with fearful dogs is a pretty regular task for me. I spent time with 54 dogs seized from a hoarder that had never seen the sun or felt grass beneath their feet. I work with bite dogs that have responded to a sudden frightening experience by using the only tools they have: their teeth. Some of my clients have been dogs who were overwhelmed by life with humans and needed to learn trust. For human and dog, fear is part of the overall survival strategy. If a dog encounters something novel or threatening, the smart choice for long term survival is to avoid the thing. Find the exit and run away, live to breed another day. Conflict with an unknown entity or situation is not necessarily productive when you are trying to continue your species. A dog’s fear doesn’t have to be “justified” in human terms. Fear is a response to a perceived threat, and that threat may be real - or not. Both options are valid for a fear response. Perception of threat by a dog to a particular or general situation can be a presence (a ‘plus’ situation) or an absence (a ‘minus’) of something. For instance, the minus may be lack of socialization or a nurturing environment, or a plus reaction may be a reaction to a prior, direct experience. Abuse is one direct experience that can set a dog up for fear. As Ryoko Tomomori, author of “Mignon’s Tomomori-san in the Animal World” writes: “There was one skittish dog who would flee in desperation when anyone put out their hand. It seems he’s been badly beaten. I wanted him to understand that the human hand isn’t a weapon, it’s a good thing. He was getting old, and I wanted him to regain trust in humans while living out his remaining years.” We, as professionals, have to be cautious. Fear is not the root cause for all negative behaviors. Blaming negative behavior on fear or “abuse” can be an easy out that allows owners to avoid responsibility for their dogs’ actions. Claiming a dog is showing fear-based aggressive behavior quickly moves us to “oh, you poor thing” and away from accepting accountability. I have seen cases wherein a dog acts out, deliberately engaging a target (canine or human), while otherwise rational humans try to excuse the behavior as being fear motivated. Fear is real, but so is bad behavior. This is es(continued on page 10) Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

(continued from page 9) pecially true of an honestly aggressive dog who shows offensive (in the sports sense) behavior that has never been adequately addressed by the owner. Let’s look at an example. We receive a complaint. An owner and their dog are walking along a street. Another dog, tethered properly, barks at the passing dog from the safety of its own yard. The walking dog lunges hard enough to break loose from the owner, closes the gap to the other dog, and engages the target dog. A fight of course breaks out. The attacking dog, and eventually its owner, are on the target dog’s property. The owner of the walking dog gets bitten. After interviewing those involved, we are presented with information from the owner that their dog can, at times, walk past other animals if they are ignoring him/her, but the owner complains that their dog reacts strongly to other dogs if those dogs bark at them. The owner’s claim is that their dog is “fearful” and is responding to provocation by the other dog because they are afraid and simply “defending” themselves. Thus, the dog should be excused for escaping from the owner and going on the offensive. But did a fight really break out? Is this canine social aggression? Is it a fear-based defensive behavior? A fight, or what we would see as social aggression, is defined by Ádám Miklósi as “…ritualized behavioural units which evolved for signaling the inner state and

physical potential of the contester, and does not aim at causing damage in the other.” (Miklósi, 2007). In this case, the contact was not a social dispute: the initially barking dog was secure in its own yard. The attacking dog began at a distance, initially managed by its owner. The attacker targeted the other dog and connected with his target. Is this fear-based behavior? Let’s look at both dogs. The attacked dog was in its yard, restrained by a tether. When that dog saw a strange dog approaching, it responded. We know that a fearful dog may show threatening behaviors to secure space from a frightening stimulus. According to Dr. Suzanne Hetts, “Threatening behaviors (are) designed to intimidate, repel, or warn another individual to stay away. These behaviors are not meant to result in harm.” (Hetts, 1999). Further, Dr. Hetts says about threatening behaviors “Their goal is to warn other individuals to stop what they are doing.” Thus, threatening behaviors, such as barking or growling, are intended to communicate a dog’s desire to stay separate, to avoid contact. Territoriality, which is based in resource protection, can also cause threatening behaviors. After all, the whole idea of territoriality is to “…repel, or warn another individual to stay away.” Protection of territory or resources is rational and expected. Territorial behavior can be based on fear of the other animal, trying to put

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

up a big front to keep the other dog away. Barking by the tethered dog then makes sense. The dog who targeted and deliberately closed with the tethered dog? That is much more of a problem. A dog who responds to the sight or sound of another dog is typically termed “reactive.” That is, the dog gives an unreasonable response to a normal behavior or situation. In this case, the walking dog targeting and attacking the barking dog is an unreasonable response, where simply barking in return would be understandable. In this case the walking dog’s owner failed to recognize the responsibility and possible consequences of managing a dog with reactivity and offensive aggression problems. Further digging will probably reveal that the attacking dog’s owner never took steps to remedy the reactivity. The outcome of this incident was injury to dog and human and excuses saying that the dog was provoked because it was fearful. But knowledge of normal and abnormal canine behavior tells us as the investigating party that the dog who targeted, lunged toward, and closed the gap to directly engage the other, tethered dog was not afraid. That dog was on the offense, more like a guided missile (or muscle) than a shrinking violet trying to escape a scary thing. Defensive fear and offensive targeting are two very different things. Offensive targeting is a serious problem that must be aggressively managed and in this case the dog owner should definitely be held accountable for their dogs aggressive and potentially dangerous behavior. James W. Crosby M.S., Canine Aggression Consulting LLC. v

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Stories from the Field Each issue we feature a story submitted by our members doing their jobs. If you would like to submit a story and picture for consideration in a future issue, go to www.nacanet.org.

COLD CAT â&#x20AC;&#x201C;

By Animal Control Supervisor Jeanette Graves, Campbell County, Wyoming

ampbell County covers 4,761 square miles, or roughly 3 million acres. The lowest spot in the county is 3,400 feet above sea level at the Little Powder River in the northern end of the county. The highest point is 6,060 feet and is located at the top of North Pumpkin Butte on the western border. The climate is semiarid with an average of 15.75 inches of precipitation a year. May and June are the wettest months, while December and January are the driest. Just when I think I have seen or heard it all, something happens to make me shake my head or smile. It was on Wednesday, February 6, with subzero temperatures outside, when my dispatch contacted me telling me that she had now heard everything and asked if I could possibly help in a situation or did she need to send the fire department or what. She went on to explain a woman called to report a cat stuck between the fan and the radiator of a one-ton Ford truck. Now keep in mind, it is minus 27 degrees with the wind chill outside! The owner stated that several days prior she had tried to start the truck and it made a funny noise so she stopped and left it. She then said every time her dogs were outside they went nuts at the front of the truck. She went on to tell us that she popped the hood to see what the dogs were being bothered by and that is when they found the cat (an adult) trapped between the fan and the radiator. The owner told us the cat had been trapped there for several days and that they had tried everything to get it out. She said because of the cold weather they would try for a bit and then have to go in and warm up. She said this went on for several days and was simply calling now to ask that we just come and euthanize the cat so it would not freeze to death. I immediately responded to the address to assess the situation. Within less than eight minutes I was able to free the cat who had only a few minor injuries. The owner and her family were very thankful, but most thankful was this furry old man in the picture! In a world of animal control officers being targeted and made to be the bad guy, I wanted to share this feel good story, as this is the reason I do my job! Things can get stressful in our line of work, but then I get a call like this and it erases all the negativity. Be safe! Officer Graves has worked in animal control for more than 23 years and currently serves as the animal control supervisor for Campbell County, Gillette, Wyoming.v Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Following the Links The critical role of animal control in improving detection and prevention of family violence By Andrew M. Campbell

esearch continues to provide strong evidence of a link between animal abuse and other forms of violence occurring in the home, such as intimate partner violence and child abuse. Early detection and intervention remain critical for effective efforts to mitigate the long-term physical and emotional symptoms often experienced by victims of family violence, preventing future violence from occurring in these homes, and improving overall outcomes for the households affected by this violence. Animal control agencies often can and do play a critical role in efforts to prevent, detect, and effectively intervene in homes where these multiple forms of violence occur. In fact, animal control agencies may have a unique opportunity to detect and respond to violence in the home earlier than most victim-serving agencies. With effective community partnerships and cross-discipline

Figure 1. Incident location of calls received by Animal Control in Indian

Figure 1. Incident location of calls received by animal control in Indianapolis, Indiana over a single calendar year. 14

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Figure 2. Total Calls Received by Animal Control in Indianapolis, Indian

Figure 2. Total Calls Received by Animal Control in Indianapolis, Indiana from 2004 to 2016

Figure 2.

collaboration, thisReports response significantly improve abuse my children and dogs. He knew the bestover wayatosingle cale Figure 3. Police ofcan Aggravated Assault with a Firearm and Animal Control Calls Received outcomes for all adults, children, and animals residing hurt me was by hurting them.â&#x20AC;? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Intimate Partner VioIndianapolis, Indiana. in these homes. lence Survivor A recent analysis of animal abuse, intimate partner Perpetrators of animal abuse and intimate partner violence, and child abuse data in Indianapolis, Indiana, violence may often use threats or perpetrated abuse identified alarming trends in the widespread violence against children and/or pets in an attempt to maintain currently affecting an overwhelming number of humans a sense of control over the home. Victims often report and animals who reside there (Figure 1). Though risk is being significantly affected by these tactics and may significant for all who reside in any home affected by delay calling the police much longer than intimate partabuse or violence, risk of harm was found to be signer violence victims who do not experience threats or nificantly higher for those residing in homes with an perpetrated harm to their animals or children. In fact, intimate partner violence perpetrator who has a history when perpetrators of intimate partner violence have a of abusing animals. With 74 percent of victims in these history of abusing animals, victims report waiting until homes experiencing strangulation, 26 percent with a after 20 to 50 violent incidents have been perpetrated history of forced sex with the perpetrator, and 78 perin the home before contacting law enforcement. cent of victims fearing they will be killed by the perpeVictims of intimate partner violence cite many trator, all humans and animals residing in these homes reasons for their reluctance to contact outside agenare at significant risk of severe injury, harm, or death. cies for assistance, including fear of suspect retaliation, The work of animal control agencies is critical not only uncertainty of responding agency procedure, emotional in detecting abuse against animals and intervening as or physical dependence on the abuser, and concern for necessary, but also in identifying the humans in these the safety of children and pets who reside in the home. homes who often share this significant risk of harm and While law enforcement agencies often receive the bulk may be in desperate need of assistance themselves. of intimate partner violence reports from the victims Detecting violence occurring in the home as early as themselves (recent study found over 80 percent of possible is critical in reducing risk of harm and improvdomestic violence police reports came from the vicing outcomes for ALL in these home environments. Retim), the majority of calls many animal control agensearch shows that risk increases with each subsequent cies receive reporting suspected abuse or neglect of an violent incident that occurs in the home. Of particular animal come from a neighbor, visitor to the residence, relevance to animal control agencies, is the shift in or passerby (mail carrier, internet/cable provider, utility violence perpetration methods that victims of intimate company). partner violence often report when they consider endThis significant difference in report sources for ing the violent relationship or fleeing the home. animal abuse compared to intimate partner violence â&#x20AC;&#x153;It was when I talked about leaving him, that the is critical, as those most commonly reporting animal (continued on page 16) violence began to change. He began to threaten and Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

ed by Animal Control in Indianapolis, Indiana from 2004 to 2016

(continued from page 15) abuse often do not reside in the home and likely do not experience the same barriers to reporting as those residing in the home often do. Animal control agencies may therefore have a unique opportunity to additionally detect violence occurring against humans in the home before police departments or child protection agencies would otherwise be made aware of this violence. Cross-discipline collaborations are critical to ensure all available community resources are used effectively and efficiently theseReports families. Community partnerships betweenwith animala Firea Figureto3.assist Police of Aggravated Assault control, domestic violence shelters, police departments, and child protective services are likely to be extremely effective in reducing risk in these homes Indianapolis, and better ensuringIndiana. these agencies have earlier opportunities to assist, and when necessary, intervene to protect the adults, children, and animals who reside there. Like many victim-serving agencies across the United States, animal control agencies may often feel underappreciated, that the work they do is undervalued, and overwhelmed with an ever-increasing workload (Figure 2) and limited resources. In addition to the overlap between animal abuse, intimate partner violence, and child abuse described in this article, data also suggests a likely connection (characteristically and spatially) between animal abuse and many forms of violent crime that occur outside the home, in the community (Figure 3). This link between family violence and community violence is hardly surprising; it is difficult to imagine the attainment of â&#x20AC;&#x153;safe communitiesâ&#x20AC;? without first ensuring Aggravated Assault with a Firearm safety within the walls of the homes that and Animal Control Calls Received over a single calendar make up those communities. The author of this article greatly appreciates the signifiAnimal Control Calls Received over a single calendar year cant contribution animal control agencies make in communities across the United States. Community leaders must work to better ensure these agencies have the necessary funding, equipment, and facilities they so desperately need to continue this critical work. The lives of many (animals AND humans), likely depend upon it. Andrew Campbell (CEO/founder of Campbell Research & Consulting) is an expert on domestic violence and associated risks of harm for adults, children, and animals residing in these homes. He provides education for victim-serving agencies across the country on a variety of violence-related topics and assists in developing community-specific responses to physical and emotional violence in the home. Andrew works closely with domestic violence shelters, child protection programs, police departments, and animal control agencies to improve cross-discipline communication and collaboration. His recently published study in the Journal of Interpersonal Violence is the first in literature to utilize police officer observations and reports from the scene to quantify risk in homes where intimate partner violence and pet abuse co-occur. v 16

Aggravated Assault with a Firearm Figure 3. Police Reports of Aggravated Assault with a Firearm and Animal Control Calls Received over a single calendar year in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Captive Birds: No way home NOTE: This article first appeared in AV Magazine, a publication of the American Anti-Vivisection Society

By Denise Kelly

arrots and other exotic birds inhabit the rain forests of South America, the islands of the South Pacific, and the grasslands and deserts of Australia and Africa. There are 330 species of parrots alone â&#x20AC;&#x201C; from parakeets and cockatiels weighing mere ounces to cockatoos and macaws with wingspans of up to four feet. In the wild, they live in flocks and may fly many miles each day. They spend hours foraging for a variety of natural foods, socializing, establishing nesting territories, mating, and raising their young. Their playful acrobatics create dazzling displays against open skies. These birds know no bounds. But in our world these colorful, free-spirited animals face a life of confinement â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a life nature never intended.

Captive Birds in the U.S. â&#x20AC;&#x201C; How many?

The question of how many birds live in captivity remains a subject of debate and mystery. According to a 201728 Pet Ownership Survey by the American Pet Product Association, the U.S. has some 20.3 million birds in 7.9 million households (recent APPA pet owners survey). The most common species are canaries and finches, pigeons and doves, and parrots. The captive bird population is not limited to pets in private homes. We must also count those living in zoos, research labs, shelters, sanctuaries, and breeding facilities. Because breeders face few licensing requirements, and commercial facilities that house birds are largely unregulated, and because birds are rarely taken to a veterinarian, any attempt at estimating the numbers by species or the scope of the market is at best problematic. (continued on page 18) Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

(continued from page 17)

What we can say with confidence is that birds are the world’s largest population of captive wildlife. But the focus on numbers alone misses the bigger picture. What's most important are the ethical issues and impracticalities of keeping captive in the first place, and the compromised state of wellbeing that all birds experience as a result of their confinement.

Wild at Heart

Even when bred in captivity, exotic birds are fundamentally undomesticated animals. Their instinctive behavioral and physical needs – to flock and fly, for example – remain intact. Yet the fact that they present many of the same challenges in captivity as other wild animals has not diminished their commercial appeal. Each year thousands of birds are sold through the pet trade to individuals who are under the mistaken impression that exotic birds make “cool” pets and are easy to care for. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Like other exotic animals, captive birds display natural instincts, needs, and behaviors – crucial for survival in their native habitats – that are not considered desirable “pet” qualities. Parrots, including small lovebirds and conures, are noisy and messy and can be destructive. Vocalizing, squawking, and chirping are important

parts of their social communication. They eat throughout the day, dropping and discarding bits of food everywhere. They instinctively chew and shred wood, whether it is a perch, toy, picture frame, or furniture, and they will chew electrical cords, paper, and curtains. They also require a specialized diet – not just seeds or pellets, but grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables. Parrots are extremely intelligent, temperamental, and social. They were meant to fly and to be with other birds. Isolation and confinement in cages can lead to neurotic behavior, excessive screaming, aggression, feather plucking, self-mutilation, and other destructive habits. They’re also prey animals, easily stressed and highly vigilant. They may have adverse reactions to objects, noises, or sudden movements that would hardly raise a hair on a dog. As a result, very few people are capable of caring for the special needs of exotic birds, nor do they comprehend the seriousness of the commitment for the birds’ life span of 20 to 70 years or more. Sadly, the vast majority of captive birds live in situations that fail to meet their physical and behavioral needs. Eventually, many people attempt to rid themselves of the responsibility of caring for them. Many birds become victims of neglect and abuse – isolated in basements and garages, passed from home

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

to home, relinquished to shelters, or simply set free to fend for themselves.

Legal Protection – On a Wing and A Prayer

Although the U.S. has enacted laws to protect such native birds as blue jays, cardinals, and crows from commercial exploitation, we fail to offer the same protection to birds of other countries. Parrots and other exotic birds commonly sold in the pet trade or used for entertainment purposes do not have specific regulations under the Federal Animal Welfare Act. They are frequently excluded from animal welfare legislation, pet shop regulations, and existing animal cruelty statutes. Bird breeding facilities resemble nothing more than bleak warehouses. Breeder birds are routinely placed with a mate in Helping Birds in Shelters small cages with one or two perches, food and water receptacles, and a nesting box. he Avian Shelter Outreach Program is dedicated to Many operate undetected in basements the needs of birds in rescue and shelter facilities. and garages. The Avian Welfare Coalition (AWC) offers a variety Some breeders and stores sell unof resources to help shelters tend to the special care, housing, weaned birds, claiming that weaning by and placement needs of birds within a short-term shelter setthe purchaser will ‘guarantee’ a hand-tame ting; find these resources at www.avianwelfare.org/shelters . bird. This is a myth. A nurturing relationAWC teamed up with the Global Federation of Animal ship between a parrot and a person begins Sanctuaries (GFAS) to develop a series of webinars to prowhen the bird learns to trust – and that vide training to animal care professionals on the specialized can happen at any time, regardless of a care of birds. These webinars describe the best practices in bird’s age. temporary housing, intake, handling, medical, and nutrition, Birds who have not successfully comamong other topics useful for short-term bird care. They pleted weaning may not learn to eat on also feature Q&A forums, which enable shelter personnel to their own and can actually starve to death. directly engage with avian care experts. Details can be found Many baby birds suffer or die from physiat: www.avianwelfare.org/webinars. cal injuries such as burned or punctured crops (stomachs) and infections from inexperienced hand-feeders. The simple reason unweaned chicks are sold is to cut labor costs and sell the birds quickly, despite any risks to the young bird. Birds fare no better at the state and retail levels. Only 12 states have regulations that require a license to breed, import, export, sell, or trade birds in the parrot family. These regulations are predominately motivated by human health and safety concerns; they don’t define or mandate humane care standards. Only five states require pet shops selling birds to meet specific housing standards. Finally, there is essentially no seller accountability for birds sold on the Internet and in temporary sales venues such as flea markets, swap meets, and auctions. These birds frequently endure crowded, unsanitary conditions, and often go without food and water in extreme temperatures for extended periods of time.

Finding Shelter

Captive birds are now among the fastest-growing population of unwanted pets in the U.S. But finding qualified refuges for them is extremely difficult. Most animal shelters and humane societies are not equipped to provide a suitable environment for an animal that flies, has complex care needs, and requires constant companionship. Most birds can live two to five times longer than the average dog or cat and will require multiple homes during their lifetimes. (continued on page 20) Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

(continued from page 19) The few hundred self-described avian rescue groups that do exist range from small, home-based rescue groups that provide temporary care and placement, to large sanctuaries that provide lifetime care for hundreds of birds. Care standards, management, and ethical practices are inconsistent. And while most groups have the best intentions, the sheer number of birds needing refuge can quickly overwhelm them. Most legitimate avian rescue organizations are filled to capacity. The field also attracts its share of the less-than-honorable. Some individuals who claim to run a bird rescue or sanctuary facility are merely collectors or hobby breeders who formed a nonprofit organization. Others even breed the birds they take in to fund their rescue operations. Unwanted birds may also fall victim to hoarders; others acquire them to resell or to use as entertainment in roadside zoos. Establishing a reliable sheltering system to provide safety for birds in need and redirect support to legitimate rescue groups is paramount.

A Final Word

Outside of specially directed release programs, captive birds cannot be returned to the wild or be set free to fend for themselves - they do not possess the learned skills necessary to survive. We have an ethical responsibility to provide the best care possible for those in captivity. Parrots and other exotic birds deserve the same protections afforded to domestic pets and other wild animals. Conservation programs are needed to protect and preserve exotic birds in their natural habitats Just as we appreciate our own native wild birds flying freely outside our windows, let us remember that the native birds of other countries also belong in the wild, not in our homes. Note: Captive birds (including parrots, finches, and canaries) are the fourth most popular animal kept as a pet in the U.S. They are now among the fastest growing population of displaced animals, and many require refuge from abuse and neglect. Providing for the specialized care and placement needs of parrots and other exotic birds creates unique challenges for shelters. Most shelters are not equipped to take in birds at all. Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s more, captive birds commonly sold in the pet trade or used for other entertainment purposes do not have specific protections under the federal Animal Welfare Act. Birds also suffer in ways not often recognized as mistreatment, which creates enormous difficulties for humane officers and their ability to pursue cases and to bring charges. products designed for This article is the first in a twoSAFE TRANSPORT, SANITATION, part series that will provide an overview of the welfare concerns and HABITAT ENRICHMENT, IDENTIFICATION, laws governing captive birds in the ANIMAL HANDLING U.S. Part two will examine the facShop online www.cspecialties.com tors that contribute to the suffering of birds in captivity birds and offer 800-234-5330 basic guidelines to aid animal control cspec@cspecialties.com officers in evaluating the conditions of both the environment and the bird and their relevance to helping build a viable case. Denise Kelly is president and cofounder of the Avian Welfare Coalition (AWC) www.avianwelfare.org, which was formed in 2000 to raise awareness about the plight of captive birds and to serve as an educational resource for the animal protection community, lawmakers, and the general public. v 20

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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Who Ya Gonna Call? Abuse Busters! A simple addition to your website makes your shelter more user friendly – and helps more people and animals!

ABUSE

By Phil Arkow

f you’ve been in animal care and control for a while, you know how the public rarely understands the nuances of the law and what your organization can and cannot do, and how the real problems are on the upper end of the leash. It’s really easy to fall into an “Us vs. Them” mentality and think that all people are stupid. But stop for a minute and ask yourself a simple question: how much did YOU know about the intricacies of animal law enforcement before you got into this crazy field? I suspect your honest answer would be: “Not very much.” So is it realistic to expect the general public to be intimately familiar with the workings of your agency, the details of the law, and what’s needed to launch an investigation? Your answer should be: “Not really.” Having said that, allow me to offer your agency some free advice and a free resource that should clear up some major misunderstandings and address an information gap where the animal shelter field, sadly, has long been negligent. The gap is simply this: the public often doesn’t know who to call to report animal cruelty. There are several reasons for this. First, unlike other social services agencies (and yes, animal shelters need to think of themselves as being in the social services solving family problems and public health and safety issues), there are no national organizations coordinating the programs, policies, and powers of local humane and animal control agencies. You

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

know that – but the public doesn’t. They’ll call the ASPCA or HSUS thinking the local shelter is a branch or affiliate. Second, there’s no consistency in who enforces animal cruelty. Many communities require animal cruelty to be investigated only by sworn law enforcement officers. That means some ACOs or humane law investigators have these powers, but many more do not. ACOs based in code enforcement, public works, health departments or other community services agencies deal with stray animals, barking dogs, licensing, and other issues – but not allegations of cruelty, abuse and neglect. This information gap does a disservice to the field. Every humane society and SPCA website says the organization exists for the prevention of cruelty to animals, but very few tell the public who to call to report cruelty. Every animal control agency says it enforces animal laws, but only a few list “investigating animal abuse” among their services – or tell the public who to call if they don’t. Some agencies do a great job of listing all the shelters in the region but fail to identify which ones investigate animal cruelty. Many shelters tell the public to “call local authorities” but fail to provide those authorities’ names and phone numbers – which vary

across city, county, and unincorporated county lines. (Don’t expect the public to even know in which jurisdiction they live!) The result is an unfortunate public runaround: someone who finally works up the courage to report a neighbor calls you, and you have to tell them to call the police. They call the police and they’re told to call animal control. Catch-22 ensues and the animals keep suffering. There’s an easy solution to this runaround. It’s called: providing clear public information. It will cost you nothing and take about 10 minutes of your time. The National Link Coalition has compiled the first National Directory of Abuse Investigation Agencies. We call it “Who Ya Gonna Call? Abuse Busters!” It’s a free directory on our website listing all 50 states, every county within each state, and many cities and towns within those counties. There are 6,493 listings, with phone numbers, so someone just has to look up their town and find the phone number of who to call to report animal abuse. The directory also includes each state’s hotlines for reporting child abuse and neglect, elder abuse, and domestic violence. (continued on page 24)

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

(continued from page 23)

So here’s your homework assignment. It comes in two parts: 1. Visit the National Directory at http://nationallinkcoalition.org/how-do-i-report-suspected-abuse. Check out your state and community. If our information needs updating, please let us know. This is a work-in-progress and we want this information to be as accurate as possible. 2. See if your own website tells the public which agency and phone number to call to report animal cruelty in each jurisdiction within your service area. Have your IT people add this information or link your website to the National Directory. Even better, add some of the basic telltale signs of what constitutes animal abuse, and what specific information investigators will need to know. There are a few (sadly, only a few) websites that contain this type of information. The best ones have: a page dedicated to reporting cruelty; narrative describing why reporting abuse is important; common signs of neglect and abuse; a link to their state’s cruelty statutes; the specific details that are needed when filing a report; a list of area agencies with phone numbers depending on the jurisdiction; and a hotline number and/or online reporting form. Here are some of the websites we’ve found that include these elements. Think of them as models for updating your website with information your public needs to know: • Broward County, Fla., Animal Care & Adoption: http://www.broward.org/Animal/ProgramsServices/Pages/Re portingAnimalIssues.aspx • DuPage County (Ill.) Animal Services: https://www.dupageco.org/AnimalServices/1144/ • Houston, Texas, SPCA: https://www.houstonspca.org/cruelty-and-rescue/report-cruelty.html • Humane Society of Missouri: http://hsmo.org/reportabuse/ • Humane Society of Southern Arizona: https://hssaz.org/resources/animal-cruelty-prevention/ • San Francisco, Calif., Animal Care & Control: https://www.sfanimalcare.org/services/animal-welfare/

ANIMAL TRANSPORT CONVERSION

Phil Arkow is coordinator and a co-founder of The National Link Coalition – the National Resource Center on The Link Between Animal Abuse and Human Violence. Send him updated information about animal, child, elder, and domestic abuse information in your area at arkowpets@snip.net. v

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

What Animal Care & Control Agencies Should Do on Their Websites and Facebook Pages: • If you investigate animal abuse, say so! • If you don’t, use the National Directory at http://NationalLinkCoalition.org/howdo-i-report-suspected-abuse to find out who does in your service area, and tell your viewers who to call and publish the phone numbers. • Publish simple, telltale signs of animal abuse and neglect and what information callers will need to provide. • Cite the Link as the reason why they should report child, elder and domestic abuse, and use the Directory to publish your state’s hotlines. • Link your Resources, Related Links or Reporting Cruelty pages to the Directory for your state. • National Link Coalition speakers can provide training at your state conferences on how animal abuse is linked to human violence. • Please let us know if any National Directory listings need changing.

present present

The National Animal Control & Humane Officer (NACHO) Academy 2019 present The National Animal Control & Humane Officer (NACHO) Academy 2019 Schedule Schedule The National Animal Control & Humane Officer (NACHO) Academy 2019 Module A May 20-24, 2019 Leawood, KS Module A May 20-24, 2019 Leawood, KS Schedule Module A June 10-14, 2019 Salt Lake City, UT Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module A Module B Module A Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module B Module C Module B Module C Module C Module C Module C

June 10-14, 2019 May 20-24, 2019 September 9-13, 2019 September 9-13, 2019 June 10-14, 2019 October 7-11, 2019 October 7-11, 2019 September 9-13, 2019 October 14-18, 2019 October 14-18, 2019 October 7-11, 2019 November 4-8, 2019 November 4-8, 2019 October 14-18, 2019 January 14-18, 2019 November 4-8, 2019 January 14-18, 2019 January 28-February 1, 2019 January 28-February 1, 2019 January 14-18, 2019 March 18-22, 2019 March 18-22, 2019 January 28-February 1, 2019 April 15-19, 2019 April 15-19, 2019 March 18-22, 2019 June 3-7, 2019 June 3-7, 2019 April 15-19, 2019 December 2-6, 2019 December 2-6, 2019 June 3-7, 2019 September 23-27, 2019 December 2-6, 2019 September 23-27, 2019 December 9-13, 2019 December 9-13, 2019 September 23-27, 2019

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Module C

Strategic Planning for Mother Nature: Considerations from Hurricane Florence

By: Eric Thompson

“A strategy is multi-dimensional planning, multi-team collaboration, and multitasking action.” - Pearl Zhu

hether you are a force-of-one in your community or you are part of a larger organization providing animal services, we all have an investment in the benefits of strategic planning for catastrophic disasters. Many communities planned under the premise “it will never happen here” and Mother Nature says, “Hold my beer…watch this.” Over the past three years we have seen weather patterns churn up storm fronts and hurricanes that are dumping records amounts of rain in areas that usually never saw long-term flooding issues. We now see that planning for 100 animals needing evacuation and sheltering in the first 24 hours is just a preface for the possible hundreds of animals of different species that will continue to need assistance for weeks after the initial event. This article walks through some of the planning process as we worked with local jurisdictions in North Carolina following Hurricane Florence, and offers a response perspective for day-to-day field operations. First and foremost, we can’t do this alone! If your organization is the sole provider of disaster response and animal services for your jurisdiction, and you think, “We got this,” I’m here to tell you in catastrophic planning none of us have “got this” alone. One of the most common mistakes we see in planning at all levels across the country is the failure to “lean forward” in disaster planning and response for animals. Granted, human life and safety issues are always a priority; however, only the insightful planner understands that animals of all shapes and sizes are part of human life and will be an issue during all phases of the disaster event. Given that local resources are assumed to (continued on page 28) 26

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

(continued from page 26) be overwhelmed given the potential split in resources to fill requests for service, an agreement for outside partner help should be explored during the catastrophic planning process. For example, let's say your jurisdiction receives a storm that dumps 30-plus inches of rain over a 36-hour period causing widespread long-term flooding. Your agency now receives requests to: aid with mass care evacuations as people are bringing out their animals, send someone to the mass care shelter for set-up/care/ tracking/logistics, your stray animal shelter has lines of people outside that just grabbed an animal to save it and need to turn it in (they won’t have an address or owner info), frantic calls are coming in to save animals left behind in the flood but you don’t have a boat or the credentials/PPE to work in raging flood waters, the Emergency Operations Center is asking for a representative to sit and handle phone calls, Facebook and social media are blowing up because your agency isn’t reacting fast enough... and folks I’m just getting started. This is just the first 24-36 hours. This event will last for weeks and transition through response to recovery will last for months if not longer. Now do all of that with no power, no water, limited logistic support, and you don’t know if your own house, animals, and family are safe. This was just the tip of the iceberg for agencies in parts of North Carolina during and after Hurricane Florence. Fortunately, some of the counties hardest hit by flooding in North Carolina had the foresight to seek a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Code 3 28

and other partner agencies to provide technical rescue teams that are trained and equipped to work in swiftwater and floodwater environments prior to the hurricane. The MOU states what services can be provided and includes a list of information items response partners would need to know so we can plan what to bring with us. Basic questions prior to response include: Under whose authority are we being activated? What is the immediate need and projected needs? Where do we stage, and how do we get there if roads are closed? What specialty credentials are needed or what type of response team is needed (I’m not sending a large animal rescue ground team into a swiftwater disaster.), and how long do you expect to need us? There are many more questions that need to be addressed as the response unfolds; but these will get everyone out the door and on the way. Once on-scene, we found a limited resource environment as much of the county was without power and other infrastructural needs. The public was stressed, the immediate resources were stretched over-capacity, and routes into the disaster area were limited, which made support travel challenging and slow. The animal services networks were running 24 hours a day with very limited staff that were sleeping at the emergency animal shelters because their homes were affected or they selflessly put the animal needs ahead of their own. A roll of toilet paper was a luxury because the stores were closed, and a shower was a cold garden hose or bottled water that sat in the sun, which at least offered a little warmth. Calls were pending, animals had been stranded in the floodwater for days, and social media

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

was chaotic with calls for anyone and everyone to come help save animals. (Dealing with the untrained animal rescue responder is a whole different article). Where to start? Code 3 didn’t roll into this alone. Code 3 had the county MOUs in place, so we were the lead support field operations team in cooperation with local animal services and emergency management. We then structured partner teams with us to provide additional personnel, equipment, and logistic resources. For this response we teamed up with the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), American Humane, and Code 3 partners: EERU/ASAR, Humane Society of Missouri, Rescue Ranch, Sweet Paws Rescue, and Safe Haven Equine Rescue. All provided an integral piece to the field operations plan. With this multitasking network of resources all working together, we were able to provide support and rescue services to a large area in need. We brought technical rescue experts, 14 boats, animal transports, animal handling specialists, large animal experts, shelter support, logistic and social media help, and disaster management leadership, all because these counties “leaned forward” in their catastrophic planning. Yes, there are many pictures provided that tell the field story of our responses after hurricane Florence. Those pictures tell the stories of long days, dedicated responders, grateful reunifications, challenging environments, and a few sad stories that will forever change the lives of those responders. While those pictures are important to show the needs and resources available during a disaster, I offer there would be fewer happy pictures if the people doing the planning, testing the plan, and being open to adjusting the plan never leaned forward on animal-related issues. It is truly the people behind the scenes who are so important in making positive things happen. Don’t feel your contribution to catastrophic planning isn’t needed because you may not be in the spotlight. Every perspective is important, and there are no dumb questions. Here are a few final things you can do to make sure your jurisdiction is “leaning-forward” in your animal disaster planning: • Know your agency plan if a disaster happens. What is your role? • Identify other agencies/organizations that may be needed to build a full-service animal-focused network. Don’t just focus on response. Remember you may need to address logistics, vet care, sheltering options (including co-sheltering), large animal networks, exotics, etc. • Check out your county animal disaster plan.

Get to know your emergency support function coordinator and take time to share your network of resources with them and discuss capabilities of that network. Be realistic in your assumptions. • In regard to your plan: Write it down, share it, test it, adjust it, share it again, think outside the box, be open to other perspectives, and assume it will happen in your jurisdiction. • Reach out for additional MOUs to fill gaps for resources in your plan • Create a training plan to make sure your network is credentialed and can provide the most professional services possible. • Ensure all levels of leadership are involved and know what resources are in the animal plan. Ask to be involved in other disaster exercises even if animals are not the focus. Being present and learning what other emergency support functions are doing will help you understand and provide perspective on where animals may be a factor. • Don’t reinvent the wheel. You don’t have to plan alone for your jurisdiction. There are many agencies and individuals who have been doing this for a very long time. Reach out and find the things that work which you can adapt to your jurisdiction. • Check out the National Alliance of State Animal and Agricultural Emergency Programs best practice workgroup white papers at http://www.cfsph.iastate. edu/Emergency-Response/bpwg.php. Eric Thompson is Code 3 Associates director of disaster response. For more information on Code 3 Associates or ASAR Technician training, please visit the websites at www. code3associates.org and www.asartraining.org or catch us on Facebook at Code 3 Associates Inc., and Emergency Equine Response Unit/ASAR Inc. Photos provided by Kenn Bell via Code 3 Associates. v

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Evaluating Our Focus

The national move toward population health must include humane animal care/control and law enforcement professionals By Peggy A. Rothbaum, Ph.D.

n today’s stressful and unsettled world, the men and women in humane animal care/control and law enforcement continue to give themselves fully to our society. Their jobs deal with a combination of law enforcement, vulnerable animals, and way too often with bad behavior on the part of humans. Mahatma Gandhi always included animals in his beliefs and actions about nonviolence, stating, “The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated.” Although there are increasing numbers of organizations and individuals advocating for animals, the professionals in humane animal care/control and law enforcement are on the front lines, witness, and must address up close and personally, the failure of our society to be great in this way by respecting all aspects of life. Unbelievably, we are only beginning to expand the comprehension that animal life has intrinsic value. They

are not “just animals.” Recent news stories help to spread the word. A chimpanzee in a zoo signed to human onlookers his desire to be freed. Psychologists have long known of the communicative abilities of apes. Birds communicate with complex patterns of song. Dogs increase safety and save lives by functioning as guide dogs, therapy dogs, search and rescue dogs, emotional support dogs, K-9’s, and watch dogs. The NhRP works to secure fundamental rights for dolphins, great apes, whales, and elephants via litigation, legislation, and education. Their most recent work clearly shows the complex social and emotional lives of elephants, which demands our respect. The outrage and grief over their beloved dog Logan’s brutal death has inspired Matt and Nancy Falk to advocate for legislation better protecting animals and punishing abusers. Laws prohibiting leaving animals outside in adverse weather conditions are gaining traction in many states.

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

My home state, New Jersey, just saw legislation introduced to allow law students to serve as court advocates for pets (bill A-4840). The recognition of the strong link between animal abuse and domestic violence has led to increasing numbers of shelters accepting pets as part of the victimized family members, although we still have a long way to go. In addition to individual abuse, there is still an underlying disrespect shown by the continuation of organizational animal “experiments” and using animal “models,” when it is clear that these models do not translate to human wellbeing, nevermind the fact that they are cruel. Animals feel pain and suffer, as do all living beings. Because abuse of animals is clearly linked to abuse of humans, the men and women of humane animal care/control on the front lines are intimately involved with this problem. The need for power and control expressed toward a living sentient being whether a human or an animal, is clearly a mental health problem. Yet, the mental health infrastructure in our country has been decimated by the insurance companies (see www.drpeggyrothbaum.com, under “Writer”). This leaves the men and women of animal care/control and law enforcement without adequate support, backup, and referral options for human offenders. In addition, as I will discuss in my upcoming webinar (PROTECTING THE PROTECTOR” Who Is Taking Care Of You?! https://justiceclearinghouse.com/ webinar/protecting-the-protector-who-is-taking-careof-you/), there is inadequate backup for coping with the stress and distress of the job. Our disrespect for animals is also reflected in the inadequate recognition for the support needs of men and women in humane animal care/control and law enforcement. As our country moves toward promoting population health, there is increased focus on helpers, caregivers, and healthcare providers. The men and women of humane animal care/control and law enforcement must be included in this focus, as they are providing an invaluable service to our society which is intimately related to our nation’s health and wellbeing. This inclusion will greatly benefit overall population health and our animal friends as well. Dr. Peggy A. Rothbaum (drpeggyrothbaum.com) is a psychologist in private practice in Westfield, New Jersey. Before starting her psychotherapy practice, Dr. Rothbaum worked in research, educational, medical and healthcare settings. She is the author or coauthor of numerous articles (in print and online) and book chapters, as well two books (including Taking Care of Little Snoogie: A Story About Pet Loss for Adults. She is a passionate community activist for humans and non-humans. v Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Super Early Bird Registration NOW OPEN until May 31st. Member - $300.00 / Non-Member - $375.00. Super Early Bird registration will include a private reception on Wednesday evening and the chance to win prizes.

Early Bird Registration will start June 1st and run through July 31st. Member - $325.00 / Non-Member - $400.00 Regular Registration will start August 1st and run through September 30th. Cost will be $350.00 / Non-Member - $425.00 Late and & On-sight Registration Member - $375.00 / Non-Member - $450.00 any time after September 30th.

www.nacaconference.org 32

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Equine Welfare Data Collective A collaboration that accumulates, analyzes, and reports data to enhance programming for transitioning and at-risk equines

By Emily Stearns

o you know how many equines there are in shelters, rescues, and sanctuaries across the country? How about the number of equines adopted last year? Neither do we! We are pleased to share that the Equine Welfare Data Collective (EWDC) is poised to start data collection within the equine welfare industry. As a reminder, the EWDC is a collaborative effort to accumulate, analyze and apply data to enhance programming for transitioning and at-risk horses. The EWDC will start by collecting equine intake and outcome data from transition centers, adoption centers, rescues, sanctuaries, shelters, and other organizations involved in equine welfare. Online surveys will be distributed to EWDC affiliate organizations beginning immediately. The success of the EWDC depends on a robust contribution of data from the vast majority of facilities that house at risk equines or those in transition within the industry. How does your organization contribute data? Organizations must commit to responding to surveys on a quarterly basis. Participation in the EWDC is free, and all results will remain anonymous. Organizations that contribute data will be the first to receive the results and will be

given an EWDC badge for their website to publicly demonstrate their commitment to our mission. Further, granting organizations such as the Unwanted Horse Coalition (UHC), The Right Horse Initiative (TRH), American Association of Equine Practitioners Foundation (AAEPF), and American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) will be looking for your contribution to the EWDC as part of their funding considerations. Equines at risk across the country need your organizationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s contribution. Your data contribution will provide more accurate study results which in turn will help you understand and communicate the scope of the issues you are tackling, better serve your community, and become a benchmark for industry leaders. The EWDC was created by the Unwanted Horse Coalition, a program of the American Horse Council with funding partners being The Right Horse Initiative, The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and the American Association of Equine Practitioners Foundation. To contribute data or for more information, please visit our website at https://www.unwantedhorsecoalition.org/ equine-welfare-data-collective/ or contact Emily Stearns, EWDC program manager, at EWDC@HorseCouncil.org. v

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

The Power of Process By Diane Robinson

heltering animals, the never-ending process of caring for, cleaning up after, treating injuries and illnesses, assessing personalities – to name a few – makes up some of the list of daily challenges for only one part of running a shelter; then add the processing in and out through animal control, community drop off, owner surrender… Is it any wonder staff get burned out, jaded, depressed, and angry? So how do you get the most out of your operation with the least amount of effort while maintaining the highest standard of care for the animals, staff, volunteers, and members of the community? When the pressure mounts with overcrowding due to summer’s puppy and kitten season or a large-scale seizure or cruelty case, it is critical to have a strong base to fall back on – a consistent process describing step by step what to do, when to do it and how to do it. Standard operation procedures (SOPs) and daily checklists are not about micro-managing the operation and staff but are necessary to create consistency for the animals in your care and the people delivering the care. When everyone is tired beyond limits and tempers begin to rise, the best practices process,

written and drilled into the team will help maintain some small part of normalcy in the ever-changing environment of animal welfare, care and control. Any time staff would come to me with a concern or a complaint about things being done differently my first question was, “Is it in writing?” Do we have documented exactly what the expectations are for each individual task? Have staff been thoroughly trained to the point of habit – habit so deeply ingrained in them that when interrupted or distracted, as often happens regularly throughout the day, returning to the exact point and picking up where you left off comes with little thought and effort? The same process of repetition allows us to jump in our cars after a hard day of work and get lost in our thoughts without thinking about the process of driving home, never missing a turn. Documenting and drilling each step of the daily routine to the point of habit will provide the team a break from the challenges of the unexpected by not having to spend precious time thinking about what comes next. The habit of the routine enables caretakers to fall back into the process

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Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

smoothly and easily. Equally important, it will provide consistency for the animals to help them settle into their new environments whether temporary or longer-term. Animals respond to routine, often settling more quickly into their environment when they know what to expect. An additional and often less recognized benefit of a consistent set of processes is the positive impact on the people doing the daily work. Established and documented processes can help to minimize the frustrations experienced by various people doing it differently, as well as, to a different standard of care. Lower standards of work, forgotten or missed steps, are a constant source of frustration and outright animosity within the team. By documenting best practices, each team member can be trained and assessed on their demonstrated ability to perform the tasks to the same high standard and held to that standard. Once they have read the SOPs, trained on them and have been signed off on their performance, excuses used when there was nothing in writing will no longer be an option. The challenges being faced daily and the need to juggle what must be done each day often push what needs to be done to the back burner. Wanting to document and train operational best practices is generally not the reason for failing to do so but rather viewed as a task requiring too much time and work when there are so many other things to do. So how do you make it happen?

If you are starting from scratch, have a “scribe” sit with your best, most efficient caretaker documenting each step as it happens. The initial SOP and or checklist doesn’t need to be fancy; it needs to be thorough and complete. Next, take the list and cross reference it with the ASV Guidelines. How does it match up? Is it in line with best practices? If not, then what changes would be easy to implement for immediate improvement? Following a review, edits, and additions, retest the process with your best and most experienced caretakers as well as a variety of staff to identify issues and more efficient improvements. Although this may seem like a time-consuming process, in actuality it is being conducted in conjunction with the regular care process to minimize the impact. The final outcome of the initial time and work put into the development of the SOPs will be a more efficient and effective process that in the end will reduce stress and eliminate inconsistencies in the daily operation. Prior to her career in animal welfare, Diane worked for more than 10 years in public education and in 2001 completed a master’s degree in education. Since her start in animal welfare and disaster rescue, Diane has been part of more than 30 operations for large and companion animals, working in the field, shelter, and leadership roles, and has trained hundreds of people in shelter and disaster work. v

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

Continuing Conference Success...

ow does one gauge success? By the relationships built, the smiles, the food? How about how tired a committee is after an event? This was the case recently at the end of the 2018 NACA Conference in Denver. I know the feeling of success was in the air. From the great number of attendees to the well-versed professional speakers, success indeed! Each year the NACA Board of Directors chooses a location for the upcoming conference. Lots of work goes into planning where to meet, the ease of access to members, cost, venue, and activities nearby for members and their families to enjoy while attending the conference. This is not an easy process. Hotels must be visited and vetted to bring the best possible experience to our members. Many hours of work over a year come together when the members start to arrive with anticipation of what they will learn and the experiences they will encounter. In the past few years we have had an extraordinary increase in first time attendees. It is fantastic to see new faces and know that these individuals and representatives from a wide array of organizations across the country are

coming together to learn and network. There is nothing like your first conference to give your battery a super charge. This last year, Mr. Paul Murphy joined us to celebrate NACAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 40th anniversary. As far as I know, Paul is the only person in our association who has attended every conference since the start of the NACA organization. It is impressive to see Paul continuing his education every year and sharing his long-standing knowledge as an officer with the rest of us. Paul is from Massachusetts. Apparently a lifetime of chasing dogs is good for oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s health. We had a very successful 50/50 Raffle. The lucky winner won more than $300 dollars and then in a very emotional moment proceeded to give the money to another attendee they thought could really use it. Everyone enjoyed the evening reception and silent auction which was a time for fun and great deals. This year the conference will be in Orlando, Florida at the Florida Hotel. This is a great location with many opportunities for attendees to bring their families and enjoy all Orlando has to offer. This conference will be bigger and better than ever and certainly not one to be missed. v

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

2019

NACA Conference

 3 Pre-Conference Sessions on Wednesday  National Speakers and Experts  One on One Sessions with the Subject Matter Experts  Small Group Sessions on Specific Topics  Super Sessions and Hypo Session in all 4 tracks  Leadership & Supervision  ACO Operations and Safety  Shelter Operations and Community Engagement  Disaster Planning and Response

 Dog Encounters and Behavior Simulation

Wednesday, October 9, 2019 9:00am - 6:00pm 8:00am - 4:00pm 12:00am - 5:00pm 12:00am - 5:00pm 12:00am - 5:00pm 6:00pm - 7:00pm 7:00pm - 8:00pm 8:00pm - 9:00pm

Registration NACA Board Meeting Pre-Conference Training - Legal Symposium Pre-Conference Training - Animal Cruelty Investigation Symposium Pre-Conference Training – Shelter Symposium Super Early Bird Attendees Reception Welcome Reception Movie Screening Premiere

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Friday, October 11, 2019

7:30am – 5:00pm Registration 8:00am – 8:30am Welcome & Keynote 8:30am - 10:00am Super Session 10:00am - 11:00am Break - Visit Vendors 11:00am - 12pm Track 1 Super Session Hypo 11:00am - 12pm Track 2 Super Session Hypo 11:00am - 12pm Track 3 Super Session Hypo 11:00am—12pm Track4 Super Session Hypo 12pm - 1:30pm State Presidents RoundTable 12pm - 1:30pm Lunch in Vendor Hall 1:30pm - 5:00pm One on One sessions 1:30pm - 3:00pm Hypo Mini Session 3:00pm -3:30pm Ice Cream Break 3:30pm - 5:00pm Track 1 3:30pm - 5:00pm Track 2 3:30pm - 5:00pm Track 3 3:30pm - 5:00pm Track 4 6:00pm - 8:00pm Casino Night

7:30am – 5:00pm 7:30am - 8:30am 8:30am - 10:00am 10:00am - 11:00am 11:00am – 5:00pm 11:30am - 12:00pm 12:00pm - 1:30pm 1:30pm - 2:00pm 2:00pm - 3:00pm 2:00pm - 3:00pm 2:00pm - 3:00pm 2:00pm - 3:00pm 2:00pm -3:00pm 3:00pm -3:30pm 3:30pm - 5:00pm 3:30pm - 5:00pm 3:30pm - 5:00pm 3:30pm - 5:00pm 3:30pm - 5:00pm

Registration Breakfast in Vendor Hall Keynote & Super Session NACA Business Meeting 1 on 1’s and Roundtables Visit with The Vendors Awards Ceremony & Lunch Break Track 1 Track 2 Track 3 Track 4 Roundtable sessions Refreshment Break Track 1 Track 2 Track 3 Track 4 Roundtable Sessions

Saturday, October 12, 2019 8:00am - 12:00pm Board Meeting

www.nacaconference.org Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

The NIBRS Beat

Keeping members updated on the latest trends or concerns in our industry...

By Senior Advisor Mary Lou Randour, Ph.D., Animal Welfare Institute

ACA is introducing this column, “The NIBRS Beat.” One of John’s goals for NACA is to not only inform animal control officers about your new role in the collection of animal cruelty crime data under the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS), but to get you excited about it. First, a brief history: It was a 12-year endeavor to convince the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to add animal cruelty as a separate category to the collection of crime data, and then in September 2014, FBI Director Comey approved that addition. John Thompson, while at the National Sheriff’s Association, was one of the leaders in that effort. It was an historic change. For the first time, animal control officers—whether they were part of a law enforcement agency or not—would have a role to play in the important job of collecting animal cruelty crime statistics. Why is collecting animal cruelty crime data important? There are many reasons: • Most animal control officers enter the field because they are animal lovers; they want to protect them. • Animal control officers understand the important role that animals play in the lives of families and communities. • Animal neglect and animal cruelty often occur alongside other crimes such as domestic violence, child abuse, gang activity, and other violent behavior. There is another important motive for animal control officers to become fully engaged in reporting animal cruelty crime statistics: to show how important their job is to public safety. Increasingly, funding agencies want some kind of metric to demonstrate whether a certain program or action is successful. When responding AVA I L A B L E I N : to funding requests from county and state agencies, legislatures will want some 1 gallon, 5 gallon measurement of their rate of success. For animal control agencies, one important and 55 gallon drums measure will be to know how prevalent animal cruelty crime is. In the initial stages of educating policy makers and the public about animal cruelty crimes, it will be critical to demonstrate that they are far too common. The ultimate goal, of course, Clean, Mean, is to greatly reduce their occurrence. First, though, we have to get a solid picture of Disinfecting Machine. the frequency of animal cruelty crime, followed by adequate funding and resources to combat it. Tomahawk Live Trap is offering one of the best disinfecting concentrates NACA will be providing training online and on-site, to animal control officers on on the market, Rescue Concentrate proper procedures and forms for reporting animal cruelty crimes. About 50 percent by Ogena. of animal control agencies are located within law enforcement; those agencies will • The killing power of bleach* - with have an easier transition to becoming fully-engaged NIBRS reporters. Animal control a toxicity rating similar to that of agencies outside law enforcement need to know they have an equally important fresh water! role to play. However, only law enforcement agencies can report NIBRS data to the • Rapid 5 minute disinfect and 3 state Uniform Crime Reporting Programs, so animal control agencies outside of law minute sanitize ratings! enforcement will need to establish a relationship with a law enforcement agency. • No PPE required for in use solution NACA is now headed by John Thompson, who had a long and successful career in • Animal, reptile, avian and aquatic law enforcement, so in many ways NACA is well-positioned to make this transition. friendly Stay tuned to this column, as well as the NACA website and announcements for • Five times the cleaning power of further details. traditional disinfectants We end this initial column with information learned about animal cruelty • A true one-step disinfectant - it cleans while it kills and kills while crimes from the 2016 and 2017 crime data related by the FBI. Some of the informait cleans! tion may be somewhat surprising. For example, in 2017, 56 percent of the offend* Depending on Concentration ers were male and 44 percent were female. This challenges the assumption that men commit from three to five more animal cruelty crimes than women. What we do not know about this number, however, is the gender breakdown for the four subtypes of animal cruelty: animal neglect, intentional cruelty, animal fighting, and Call 800-272-8727 animal sexual assault. Online: www.livetrap.com Another preliminary finding, the patterns for the time of day in which animal cruelty crimes are committed stayed consistent in 2016 and 2017. As you can see 38

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

committed stayed remarkably consistent from 2016 and 2017. As you can see from the below, around noon is the time of day that most animal cruelty incidents are reported. below most animal cruelty incidents are reported around Day for 2016 and 2017 are from NIBRS Data. table(The below was developed by JuliebyM. Palais,StayPh.D., Anthrozoology MSc Program, Canis noon. table/spreadsheet below was developed tuned for more information about how you can Julie M. Palais, Ph.D.,Intern.) Anthrozoology MSc Program, Canisius become a NIBRS reporter. We will also be providing periodic College; AWI College; AWI Intern.) Table 1. Animal Cruelty vs. Time of

analysis of the now available animal cruelty crime data. v

Table 1. Animal Cruelty vs. Time of Day for 2016 and 2017 from NIBRS Data

Stay tuned to the NIBRS beat for more information about how you can become a NIBRS reporter. We also will provide periodic analysis of the now available animal cruelty crim

Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019

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800.444.1579 Animal Care & Control Today - Spring 2019