Unit 10 by nahdetmisr

HELLO!

English For Secondary Schools (Year One)

& Oliver Twist

‫الصف األول الثانوى‬ ‫الفصل الدراسى الثانى‬ By

Ahmed Fadel

Ayman M. Ebrahim

2017

Contents Unit 10: Communications Today.......... 6

Unit 16: Health and Safety.................. 225

Test 1 ................................................ 36

Test 7 .............................................. 249

Unit 11: Charles Dickens..................... 40 Test 2 ................................................ 69 Unit 12: The power of the mind.......... 74

Unit 17: William Shakespeare.......... 253 Test 8 .............................................. 277

Test 3 .............................................. 102

Unit 18: Amazing People................... 281

Review A.............................................. 106

Test 9 .............................................. 306

Test A (Workbook) ........................ 111

Review C.............................................. 310

Test A (Longman) .......................... 115 Unit 13: City or Countryside?.......... 119 Test 4 .............................................. 147 Unit 14: Robert Louis Stevenson:

Test C (Workbook) ....................... 318 Test C (Longman) .......................... 322 Oliver Twist ........................................ 326

The Gardener..................... 151

Chapter (5) .................................... 331

Test 5 .............................................. 175

Chapter (6) .................................... 350

Unit 15: Tomorrowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s world.............. 180 Test 6 .............................................. 207 Review B.............................................. 211

Chapter (7) .................................... 370 Chapter (8) .................................... 388

Test B (Workbook) ........................ 217

Irregular Verbs ................................... 408

Test B (Longman) .......................... 221

Advanced Exercises Model Answers ...... 413

Specifications for First Year Secondary Promotion Examination 2016 - 2017 2017 / 2016

‫مواصفات امتحان اللغة االنجليزية الصف األول الثانوى‬

A Language Functions

1 Finish the following dialogue:

(8 Marks) (4 Marks)

A dialogue with Four ((4) deletions is provided TWO (2) statements), TWO (2) questions. The topic of the dialogue should be related to the students’ everyday life, interests, hobbies, events and so on... The situation in which the dialogue takes place is described briefly but clearly. The students are required to fill in the deletions with the appropriate (One mark each) language forms.

2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

(4 Marks)

Four (4) different situations are described briefly but clearly. The Students are asked to write the appropriate language form they would say in each situation. (One mark each).

B Vocabulary and Structure

3 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

(14 Marks) (6 Marks)

TWELVE (12) multiple-choice items with Four (4) options each (6 vocabulary and 6 structure) based on the Set Books are provided. (Half mark each).

4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning.

(4 Marks)

Students are asked to rewrite Four (4) varied sentences using the word(s) in brackets, without changing the meaning of the sentences. The sentences must test structure only. (One mark each).

5 Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

(4 Marks)

FOUR (4) separate sentences with FOUR (4) vocabulary mistakes are provided. Students are asked to rewrite each sentence correctly. (Students are awarded half a mark for finding the mistake and half a mark for correcting it.) (One mark each).

Reading Comprehension and Set Books

6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

(10 Marks) (6 Marks)

An unseen text of about (120 - 150) words is provided. This may be a story, a factual text, a letter, an e-mail or a dialogue. Most vocabulary and all structures should be from the Set Books. The Students are asked to answer Four (4) open-ended questions and Two (2) multiple-choice ones, with Four (4) options each. These questions should test the following reading comprehension skills: • skimming and scanning; • inference: vocabulary in context-implied meaning; • extracting information. • critical thinking;

• u nderstanding reference (e.g. pronouns and other reference words); and expressing a personal opinion (e.g. Do you think ...? Why/Why not?). (One mark each).

7 Answer Only Four (4) of the following questions:

(4 Marks)

A set of Six (6) varied questions (2 factual and 4 critical thinking), based on the reading material in the Set Books, are provided. Students are asked to answer Only Four (4) questions. (One mark each).

The Novel (Oliver Twist)

(8 Marks)

8 Answer the following questions:

Students are asked to answer: a) Five (5) open-ended questions, including Two (2)critical thinking questions. (One mark each) b) Three (3) questions based on one quotation. (One mark each) The questions should test the students’ understanding of the plot, incidents and characters in the assigned novel.

Writing

(6 Marks)

9 a) Write a paragraph of Ninety (90) words about only one (1) of the following:

The students are asked to write a paragraph of about NINETY (90) words about ONE (1) of the TWO (2) given topics appealing to their ages interests, likes, aspirations.. etc. The title of the paragraph should be self-explanatory (i.e. easy to understand.) No guidance is given.

OR b) Write an e-mail to .......

(6 Marks)

Students are asked to write an e-mail of about NINETY (90) words. The topic of the e-mail should be self-explanatory (i.e. easy to understand). The name of the sender, addressee and the subject should be provided. 2 marks for format/4 marks for content.

10 a) Translate into Arabic:

F Translation

(4 Marks) (2 Marks)

TWO (2) separate, short meaningful sentences of about 10-12 words each, are provided. Students are asked to translate them from English into Arabic.

b) Translate into English:

(2 Marks)

ONE (1) short meaningful sentence of about EIGHT (8) words is provided. Students are asked to translate it from Arabic into English. The translation question aims at testing the students’ awareness of the areas of similarity and difference between the mother tongue and target language. Vocabulary and structure should be from the language component presented In the Set Books.

(Total: 50 × 4/10 = 20 Marks for each term)

Communications Today

UNIT 10

Unit 10 Objectives

Communications Today

Listening : Listening for specific information; guessing the meanings of words from context Grammar : The future: will and going to Reading : Reading for gist and specific information Critical thinking : The advantages and disadvantages of modern communications Functions : Making plans and promises Writing : Writing about social networking sites

Key Vocabulary advertise (v) – d

‫يعلن‬

advertisement (n)

‫اعالن‬

digital (adj)

fax = facsimile (n)

apply (v) – ied (for) ) ‫يتقدم لــ ( وظيفة‬

helmet (n)

comments (n)

‫تعليقات‬

interests (n)

‫يربط‬

smart phone

blog (n)

‫مدونة اليكترونية‬

complicated (adj) = complex connect (v) – ed

connection (n)

development (n)

develop (v) – ed

device (n) 6

‫ُمعقد‬

‫اتصال‬

‫تطوير‬

‫يطور‬

‫جهاز‬

high-quality (n) smart (adj)

‫رقمى‬

‫فاكس‬ ‫خوذه‬

‫جوده عالية‬ ‫اهتمامات‬

‫ذكى‬

‫الهاتف الذكى‬

social networking site ‫موقع تواصل اجتماعى‬ technology (n)

visual (adj)

‫تكنولوجيا‬

‫ مرئي‬/‫بصرى‬

UNIT 10

ula cab

amazing (adj)

ing

post (v) – ed

‫مذهل‬

immediately (adv)

‫فى الحال‬

instead (adv) join (v) – ed online (n)

ula cab

brain (n)

common (adj) communicate (v) – d communications (n) continue (v) – d disappear (v) – ed disappearance (n)

‫حديث‬

subject (n)

stand still (v)

‫متصل باالنترنت‬

update (v) – d

invent (v) – ed invention (n) ‫ُمخ‬

‫يغير‬ ‫شائع‬ ‫يتواصل‬ ‫اتصاالت‬ ‫يستمر‬

‫يختفى‬ ‫اختفاء‬

email (n)

‫بريد الكترونى‬

expert (n)

‫خبير‬

form (n)

sound (v) – ed sports club

din a e R

change (v) – d

social media

‫بدال من‬

‫ ينضم لــ‬/ ‫يلتحق بــ‬

modern (adj)

particular (adv)

n Liste

‫ هيئة‬- ‫شكل‬

happen (v) = take place = occur ‫يحدث‬

news (n) personal (adj) popular (adj) population (n) predict (v) – ed prediction (n) printed (adj) printing (n) probably (adv)

‫خاص‬ ‫يرسل‬ ‫التواصل االجتماعى‬ ‫يبدو‬

‫نادى رياضى‬

‫يقف ثابتا‬

‫موضوع‬

‫ُيحدث – ُيطور‬

‫يخترع‬ ‫اختراع‬ ‫أخبار‬ ‫شخصى‬ ‫محبوب‬ ‫الكثافة السكانية‬ ‫يتنبأ‬ ‫تنبؤ‬ ‫مطبوع‬ ‫طباعة‬ ‫من المحتمل‬

ring (v) – rang - rung = call (v) - ed ‫يتصل تليفونيا‬ special (adj)

thoughts (n)

‫خاص‬ ‫أفكار‬

UNIT 10

Communications Today

Critical Thinking & Communication Vocabulary advantages (n)

‫مزايا‬

promise (v) – d (n)

disadvantages (n)

replace (v) – d

main (adj)

‫عيوب‬ ‫رئيسى‬

traditional (adj)

plan (v) – ed

‫يخطط‬

W orkbook V ocabulary

allow (v) – ed

‫يسمح‬

around (adv)

‫حول‬

diary (n) electrical signals exchange (v) – d

‫مفكرة‬ ‫اشارات كهربية‬ ‫يستبدل‬

find out (v) – found grandparents (n)

purpose (n)

‫يستبدل‬ ‫تقليدى‬

‫يدفع المال‬

‫غرض‬

sat nav = satellite navigation ‫المالحة عن طريق األقمار الصناعية‬ system (n) tool (n)

‫يكتشف‬

waving (n)

‫ماكينة‬

website (n)

‫أجداد‬

machine (n)

pay money

‫يوعد – وعد‬

wave (v) – d

‫نظام‬ ‫آداة‬

)‫التلويح (االشارة باليد‬

‫يلوح بيديه‬

‫موقع انترنت‬

Definitions advertise apply blog 8

‫يعلن‬

to tell people about a product or service in order to persuade them to buy it or use it

‫يتقدم لوظيفة‬

t o officially ask to be considered for a job, place at a college etc., especially by writing a letter

‫مدونة‬

a personal website diary for other people to read

UNIT 10

‫تعليقات‬

a n opinion that you give about someone or something

complicated

‫معقد‬

difficult to understand or deal with because it contains many different parts or details

connect

‫يربط‬

to join two places or things together

development

‫تطوير‬

t he process of becoming bigger, better, more important etc., or the result of this process

device

‫جهاز‬

a machine or tool used for a particular purpose

digital

‫رقمى‬

using a system in which information is shown in the form of changing electrical signals

fax

‫فاكس‬

a document that is sent down a telephone line and then printed using a special machine

comments

high-quality

‫جوده عالية‬

a good standard

interests

‫اهتمامات‬

activities that you enjoy doing or subjects that you enjoy studying

‫ذكى‬

s mart machines use computers or the latest methods to work

social networking ‫موقع تواصل اجتماعى‬

a website where people can write information about themselves and share it with other people

technology

a combination of all the knowledge, equipment, methods etc. that are used in scientific or industrial work

smart

visual

‫تكنولوجيا‬ ‫بصرى‬

relating to seeing or your ability to see

UNIT 10

Communications Today

Phrases, Expressions, Idioms & Prepositions all the time

‫طوال الوقت‬

(be) sure of

‫متأكد من‬

stay connected

)‫يظل متصال (على اتصال‬

take photographs

‫يلتقط صورا‬

connect to the internet ‫يتصل باالنترنت‬

text messages

‫رسائل نصية‬

easier and quicker

the only thing

‫الشئ الوحيد‬

‫أسهل وأسرع‬

fast internet connections ‫اتصاالت سريعة باالنترنت‬

the power of thought

further in the future ‫وعالوة على ذلك فى المستقبل‬

three hours a day

make comments

‫يدون تعليقات‬

waste time

make friends

‫يكون صداقات‬

whenever you want

‫قوة التفكير‬ ‫ثالث ساعات يوميا‬ ‫يضيع الوقت‬ ‫حينما تريد‬

make phone calls

‫يتصل تليفونيا‬

written communications ‫اتصاالت مكتوبة‬

send a message to

‫يرسل رسالة لــ‬

(how) to use the site ‫كيف يستخدم الموقع‬

at the top of by post communicate (with / to) connected to different from

‫على قمة‬ ‫عن طريق البريد‬ ‫يتواصل مع‬

on a computer relating to share....... with

‫على جهاز الحاسب اآللى‬ ‫متعلق بــ‬ ‫مع‬........ ‫يتشارك‬

‫متصل بــ‬

talk to

‫يتحدث إلى‬

‫مختلف عن‬

way of

‫طريقة لــ‬

disadvantages of

‫عيوب لــ‬

write to

‫يكتب الى‬

form of

‫شكل من‬

pay for

‫يدفع لــ‬

most useful turn...... into (v) – ed 10

‫األكثر افادة‬ ‫ الي‬.... ‫يحول‬

wear a helmet

‫يرتدى خوذة‬

UNIT 10

Notes on Vocabulary .... ‫ اكثر من‬..... ‫احب‬ ‫ فاعل‬+ like + (v- ing)/n more (better) than + (v-ing)/n I like playing football more (better) than swimming. ..... ‫ عن‬..... ‫يفضل‬ ‫ فاعل‬+ prefer + (v + ing)/n to (v + ing) /n I prefer playing football to swimming. ‫ فاعل‬+ would rather + inf. .... ‫عن‬...... ‫افضل ان‬ than + inf. I’d rather play football than swim. ‫ فاعل‬+ ‘d (had) better + inf. ....... ‫من االفضل ان‬ You’d (had) better wear heavy clothes. ‫ فاعل‬+ would rather + inf. . ...... ‫افضل أن‬ I’d rather join the university. ‫ فاعل أول‬+ would rather + ‫ فاعل ثانى‬+ ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ........ ‫كان من االفضل ان‬ I’d rather you didn’t park here. I’d rather he won the prize. ‫ فاعل‬would prefer to + inf. ..... rather than inf. ....... ‫افضل أن‬ I would prefer to go to the club. I’d prefer to revise my lessons rather than watch TV. )‫مشابـه لـ ( يوجـد اختـالف‬ similar (to) The two books are similar but this one is new. Your bike is similar to mine. ‫نفس الشئ بـدون اختـالف‬ the same (as) The two boys are the same age. everyday (adj.) I like watching everyday series. every day I like watching series every day. special = (not ordinary) The government gives special care to reclaiming the desert. This is a special kind of cloth. private (opposite: public) This is my private life. You have no right to interfere.

‫يومى‬ )‫كل يوم (يوميـا‬ ‫من نوع خاص ـ متميز‬ ‫تفيد الملكية خاص‬

UNIT 10

Communications Today

‫يتقـدم بطلـب للحصـول علـى وظيفـة‬ apply for She applied for a job as a secretary. ‫يقـدم طـلب لشـركـة أو لشخـص‬ apply to He applied to three universities and was accepted by all of them.

Confusing Words • quite • invent

‫الى حد ما‬ )‫يخترع (شئ لم يكن موجودا‬

• quiet • quit

• discover • explore

• brain

‫مخ‬

• mind

• diary

‫مفكرة يومية‬

• dairy

• social

)‫اجتماعي (متعلق بالمجتمع‬

‫هادئ‬ ‫ يقلع عن‬- ‫يترك‬

)‫يكتشف (شئ كان موجودا‬ ‫يستكشف‬ ‫عقل‬

‫معمل ألبان‬

• sociable )‫اجتماعي (شخص متعدد العالقات االجتماعية‬

Listening Text Grandfather : What are you doing, Hatem? Hatem : I’m just going to send a message to one of my friends, Munir. Grandfather : How are you doing that? Hatem : On one of the social networking sites where you can send messages to your friends and make new friends. Munir lives in Luxor. Grandfather : Luxor? How long does the message take? Hatem : He’ll get the message immediately. You can also do it on your mobile phone if you’ve got a modern one. Mother : How do you make new friends on a computer? Hatem : It’s quite easy, really, Mum. You find people who have the same interests as you and you ask them to be your friend. Most people have about 130 friends. I have about 80. I think I’ll have more friends after I start going to the sports club next week. 12

UNIT 10

Grandfather : 80? That’s amazing. Hatem : I even have three friends in England, so I can practise my English when I write to them. Mother : And do you meet all these friends? Hatem : Not always, usually I just send them messages. But I’m going to meet one of my English friends. He’s going to visit Cairo next year. Mother : Are social networking sites just for young people and their friends? Hatem : No, millions of businesses are using them to advertise jobs. My friend’s older brother has seen a job online and he is going to apply for it using social media. Mother : It sounds very complicated. Hatem : It isn’t complicated, but you can waste a lot of time. Some of my friends are on it for two or three hours a day, sometimes writing their blog. Grandfather : What’s a blog? Hatem : It’s a web page where you can write about your life and your interests, or information about a particular subject. You can update it whenever you want to, and the newest information is always at the top of the page. Other people can read what you’ve written and make comments. Grandfather : Do you write a blog? Hatem : Yes, every day, because I want to share my interests with other people. It’s like being a journalist. Grandfather : Will anyone read your blog? Hatem : Yes, about 200 people will read it. Anyway, why did you ask me if I was busy, Granddad? Grandfather : Could post this letter for me? It’s to my friend who Lives in Saudi Arabia. Hatem : Yes, of course. I’ll post your letter now. I haven’t posted a letter to a friend for a long time. Grandfather : Really? Do you think we won’t have letters in the future? Hatem : Yes, I think everyone will use social networking sites instead. It’s easier ... and quicker! Mother : The only thing that we can be sure of is that technology is not going to stand still! You ‘d better show me how to use the site, Hatem! Hatem : OK,Mum! 13

UNIT 10

Communications Today

Reading Text STAY CONNECTED Twenty-five years ago, communications between people were very different from today. To call friends quickly, we needed to find a telephone to ring them. If time was not important, we wrote a letter and sent it by post. For fast written communications, businesses sent faxes. Although many people still use these ways of communicating, they are becoming less popular because of new technology. Today, the most common forms of personal and business communications are mobile phone calls, text messages and emails. But even mobile phones are changing all the time. Many people now use smart phones. These are phones with computers which can connect to the internet and send emails. In the future, the only thing that we can be sure of is that technology is not going to stand still. Scientists are going to continue inventing new, more complex ways of communicating. Some experts are predicting that the next big development will be in visual communications. Small mobile computers with fast internet connections will probably be the first mobile devices that give us high-quality visual communication, so that we can see the people we are talking to. Further in the future, who knows what will happen? By the year 2023, scientists are predicting that we will be able to send text messages by the power of thought. A special helmet connected to our brain will turn what we are thinking into a digital form which we will then be able to communicate to other people that we know.

Questions & Answers 1. How was communication twenty-five years ago? ‫ عاما؟‬25 ‫كيف كان حال طرق التواصل منذ‬ Twenty-five years ago, communications between people were very different from today. To call friends quickly, we needed to find a telephone to ring them. If time was not important, we wrote a letter and sent it by post. For fast written communications, businesses sent faxes. 14

UNIT 10

2. Why did these ways become less popular? Because of new technology.

‫لماذا اصبحت تلك الطرق اقل شيوعا؟‬

‫كيف حال التواصل االن؟‬ 3. How is communication now? Today, the most common forms of personal and business communications are mobile phone calls, text messages and emails. 4. How are mobile phones changing all the time? ‫كيف تتغير الهواتف المحمولة مع مرور الوقت؟‬ Many people now use smart phones. ‫ما هي الهواتف الذكية؟‬ 5. What are smart phones? These are phones with computers which can connect to the internet and send emails. 6. What is the only thing that we can be sure of? How? ‫ما خو الشئ الوحيد الذي يمكنا التأكد منه؟ كيف؟‬ Technology is not going to stand still. Scientists are going to continue inventing new, more complex ways of communicating. 7. What are the predictions of experts for communications in the future? ‫ما توقعات الخبراء عن االتصاالت في المستقبل؟‬ Some experts are predicting that the next big development will be in visual communications. Small mobile computers with fast internet connections will probably be the first mobile devices that give us high-quality visual communication, so that we can see the people we are talking to. 8. According to scientists, what will happen by the year 2023? ‫؟‬2023 ‫طبقا لتوقعات العلماء ماالذي سيحدث بحلول عام‬ By the year 2023, scientists are predicting that we will be able to send text messages by the power of thought. 9. How will people be able to send text messages by the power of thought? ‫كيف سيكون الناس قادرون علي ارسال رسائل نصية باستخدام قوة التفكير ؟‬ A special helmet connected to our brain will turn what we are thinking into a digital form which we will then be able to communicate to other people that we know. 15

UNIT 10

Communications Today

Critical Thinking Questions & Answers 10. What are the advantages and disadvantages of social networking sites? SB ‫ما مزايا وعيوب مواقع التواصل االجتماعي؟‬ Advantages : y ou can keep in touch with friends and colleagues; you can “meet” new people; you can pass on important information to a lot of people at the same time. Disadvantages : y ou can waste a lot of time; it can be easy to bully other people if the site is not checked or controlled; it’s bad for your health and your eyes to spend so much time in front of a computer screen. 11. How does the writer say communication technology will change in the near future? SB ‫كيف يذكر الكاتب ان تكنولوجيا االتصاالت سوف يتغير في المستقبل القريب؟‬ We will be able to send messages by the power of thought. 12. Why might wearing a helmet help someone to communicate in the future? SB ‫لماذا من المحتمل ان ارتداء خوذة سوف يساعد شخصما ان يتواصل في المستقبل؟‬ It will be connected to the brain and turn what we are thinking into a digital form, which we will then be able to communicate to other people that we know. 13. In what situations are mobile phones most useful? SB ‫في اي المواقف تكون الهواتف المحمولة اكثر نفعا؟‬ When people are in a difficult situation with no other means of communicating. For example, while travelling or in an emergency. 14. Are there situations in which people should not use a mobile phone? SB ‫هل هناك مواقف يجب اال يستخدم فيها الناس الهواتف المحمولة؟‬ In many countries there are restrictions on where mobile phones can be used, for example, in schools, in parts of trains and buses, in hospitals or on planes. You should never use a mobile phone when driving a car. 15. What are the main disadvantages of mobile phones? SB ‫ما اهم عيوب الهواتف المحمولة؟‬ They can be very expensive if overused; it can be annoying to overhear other people’s conversations; batteries may run out at times when it is impossible to recharge them; sometimes you cannot get a signal. Text messages are usually cheaper than calls. 16

UNIT 10

16. Why do some people prefer to send text messages rather than to make phone calls? SB ‫لماذا يفضل بعض الناس ان يرسل رسائل نصية عن اجراء اتصاالت تليفونية؟‬ They are very quick to send; you don’t have to get involved in a long conversation with someone; they are quick and easy to reply to. 17. Are there some people still use old ways of communication? Give examples. .‫هل يوجد بعض الناس يستخدمون طرق قديمة لالتصال؟ أعط امثلة‬ Yes, some people still use telephones, letters and faxes. 18. Do you think that technology is going to stand still in the future? Why? ‫هل تعتقد أن التكنولوجيا سوف تظل ثابتة (بالتطور)؟ لماذا؟‬ No, I don’t think so. Because Scientists are going to continue inventing new, more complex ways of communicating.

Exercises 1. Compare between communication now and twenty five years ago. 2. What were the methods of communication in the past? 3. How can phones be smart? 4. What are the common forms of communication today? 5. What are scientists’ efforts to develop the future tecknology? 6. What will the next big development be? 7. What are the predictions of scientists about communications in the future? 8. Mention some of the merits of mobile phones. 9. How are some devicess developed quickly? 10. Sending things by post became a thing of the past. Discuss 11. How can text messages be easier than phone calls? 12. The social networking sites have some disadvantages. Illustrate.

Vocabulary Exercises

1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: Student’s Book – Workbook

You find people who have the same ................. as you. a) interests b) incenses c) intensives d) incentives 2 Millions of businesses are using social networking sites to ................. jobs. a) delay b) define c) advertise d) account 1

UNIT 10

Communications Today

He is going to ................. for it using social media. a) supply b) employ c) increase d) apply 4 It isn’t ................. but you can waste a lot of time doing it. a) communicated b) complicated c) simple d) real 5 Other people can read what I’ve written and make ................. . a) marks b) attachments c) comments d) commands 6 The computer is a ................. which has changed our lives. b) device c) draft d) tool a) devise 7 Can you ................. this computer to the internet? b) put c) attach d) connect a) tie 8 The boy only speaks Chinese, so he cannot easily ................. with the other children in the class. a) connect b) correct c) communicate d) conduct 9 Over the last few years, there have been some important ................. in medicine. c) entertainment d) retirement a) development b) involvemnt 10 Waving is a form of ................. communication. a) visual b) oral c) casual d) lingual 11 My ................. is that it will be very hot tomorrow . a) inspection b) intention c) decision d) prediction 12 I love these photographs that you took, they are very ................. . d) high-quality a) bad-quality b) wicked-quality c) evil-quality 13 Is that a new ................. radio? b) digital c) boiled d) cooked a) grilled 14 A ................. is a personal website diary for other people to read. a) blog b) forum c) record d) report 3

NEW 15 Soldiers

GEM

and motorcycle riders wear ................. to protect their heads. a) jackets b) helmets c) trousers d) pants 16 My father gave me a/an ................. phone as a present in my birthday party. a) intelligent b) stupid c) genius d) smart 17 The ................. is a letter or message that is sent in electronic form down a telephone line and then printed using a special machine. a) card b) menu c) fax d) dictionary 18 Advances in ................. have improved crop yields by over 30 percent. a) medicine b) technology c) engineering d) maths 18

UNIT 10

19 Ali

asked his son to show him how to ................. a social networking site? a) join b) sell c) receive d) send 20 Naglaa tried to ................. new friends on social networking sites. a) do b) save c) waste d) make 21 Bad dreams are very ................. among children. a) rude b) impolite c) common d) clean 22 The two girls ................. while walking home from school. Someone may kidnapped them. c. lost d) were found a) disappeared b) appeared 23 Children sometimes need help expressing their .................and feelings. a) tensions b) accounts c) thoughts d) politics 24 On my way to Cairo, two of the tyres had to be ................. . a) kidnapped b) stolen c) placed d) replaced 25 The ................. of this meeting is to choose a new trainer for the team. a) meaning b) purpose c) score d) design 26 He wanted to share his ideas ................. his friends. a) for b) at c) by d) with 27 In his company, he uses fast internet ................. to help him easily. a) communication b) connection c) correction d) interaction 28 The parcel will be delivered ................. post next week. a) in b) with c) by d) on 29 The police found the documents relating ................. the criminal. a) for b) to c) with d) by 30 She expects that the ................. of newspapers will disappear in the future. a) printing b) storing c) exporting d) importing 31 It will cost 100.000 L.E to join this ................. club. a) sports b) sporting c) sporty d) sportive 32 The telephone rang, and he answered it ................. . a) immediate b) immediately c) sadly d) mainly 33 I ................. the cheque to Ramy last Monday. a) posted b) borrowed c) lent d) recieved 34 The ................. is the organ inside your head that controls how you think, feel, and move. a) mind b) brain c) stomach d) liver 35 Gerham Bell ................. the telephone in 1876. a) discovered b) found out c) explored d) invented 36 The main ................. of this system is that it is very slow. a) disadvantage b) advantage c) merit d) pros 19

UNIT 10

Communications Today

e has a/an ................. view of women that they should stay at home and not to H have any jobs. a) untraditional b) traditional c) d) tradition 38 Living in the countryside is different ................. living in the city. a) from b) with c) at d) for 39 Ways ................. communicating have changed and will continue to change. a) to b) from c) for d) of 40 He spends three hours ................. day studying English. b) a c) an d) for a) par 41 My ................. point of view is that we shouldn’t offer him the job. a) person b) personal c) personally d) personality 42 It’s impossible to predict what will take ................. next. a) a place b) the place c) part d) place 43 I’d rather you ................. early yesterday. a) sleep b) to sleep c) slept d) sleeping 44 The food in the restaurant is usually ................. good. a) quiet b) quite c) quit d) quits 45 My son showed me how ................. this site. a) use b) using c) used d) to use 46 Write your name at the top ................. the page. a) on b) of c) with d) by 47 The man ................. a green flag to indicate that the race would begin. a) waved b) weaved c) saved d) paved 48 My first novel was turned ................. a television film. a) for b) with c) by d) into 49 You should ................. a phone call and tell them the news. a) do b) have c) make d) send 50 I’ve written ................. my friend Ali to ask him for advice. a) to b) with c) for d) by 37

2 Find and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences: Student’s Book – Workbook

1. I know you like art, but what are your other interesting. 2. My uncle is going to reply for a job at the hospital. 3. Many companies pay a lot of money to advertisement on television. 4. Ahmed can’t do his maths homework because it is very complicate. 5. Visual means relating to drawing or your ability to see. 20

(............) (............) (............) (............) (............)

UNIT 10

6. Digital is using a system in which train information is shown in the form of changing electronic signals. 7. Social networking sight is a website where people can write information about themselves and share it with other people. 8. A design is a machine or tool used for any particular purpose. NEW

(............) (............)

GEM

9. He didn’t study law. Instant, he decided to become an actor. 10. He was punished for doing bad comments to the referee. 11. She sent a message for her friend Nada to tell her the latest news. 12. She made a lot of photographs during her journey to Luxor. 13. We should be sure from our parents’ love towards us. 14. Naglaa exchanged her new laptop with a tablet. 15. I meet my friends in the club everyday. 16. I’d rather to play football than watch TV. 17. It’s the role of the government to give private care to the youth. 18. Did you put the meeting date in your dairy? 19. She was born on the similar day as me. 20. My father paid with my driving lessons.

(............)

(............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............) (............)

rammar Will & Going to

Will + inf.

:‫ للتعبير عن المستقبل في األحوال التالية‬Will ‫ تستخدم‬‫قرارات سريعة بدون ترتيب‬ 1. Quick decisions I can hear a knock on the door. I will open it. I will travel to Cairo tomorrow. I decided suddenly. ‫حقيقة مستقبلية‬ 2. Future fact His tenth birthday will be next Friday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 21

UNIT 10

Communications Today

‫العرض و الطلب‬ 3. Offer and Request A: I don’t have any money to go back home. B: Don’t worry, I will lend you some. Will you wash the dishes for me Hams? ‫الوعد و التهديد‬ 4. Promise and threat I promise that I will phone you if I know something new. If you don’t come in time, I will punish you. ‫التنبؤ و التوقع‬ 5. Prediction and expectation It will be hot tomorrow. We must wear light clothes. They expect that Egypt will achieve progress in all fields. He is very clever. He will be a doctor. ‫التحذير‬ 6. Warning Take care or you will be hit by that car. Don’t smoke or you will have a very bad health. You must study hard or you will fail. 7. We can use (will) with some words such as: hope – think – believe – be sure – perhaps – probably – it’s certain I hope my son will pass the next exams. I think education in Egypt will be better. perhaps we will travel to Alexandria for a holiday. They will probably visit us tomorrow. It’s a wonderful and exciting film. I am sure you will enjoy it. It’s certain that we will be able to solve our problems if we cooperate. ‫الحـــــ ظ ما يأت ى‬

(will + inf.) ‫ إذا جاء بعد الروابط الزمنية مضارع بسيط أو مضارع تام يكون زمن الجملة األخرى مستقبل‬-1 When he comes, I will tell you. They will phone us as soon as they know the truth. He won’t leave until his sister arrives (has arrived). I will send the letter after I finish (have finished) it. (would + inf.) ‫( يأتي بعدها‬promised – predicted – expected – hoped) ‫ االفعال االتية في الماضي‬-2 He promised me that he would come to my birthday party. I expected they would pass all their exams. (to + inf.) ‫ و لكن إذا لم ياتي بعد الكلمات السابقة فاعل (جملة) نستخدم‬-3 He hopes (hoped) to buy a car. Eman promises (promised) me to be more organized. 22

UNIT 10

(am – is – are) going to + inf.

:‫ تعبر عن األحوال اآلتية‬‫للتحدث عن خطة‬ 1. To talk about a plan My son is going to work as a tourist guide. That is his plan. He is going to visit Cairo next week. He planned to do so. ‫التحدث عن نية الشخص‬ 2. To talk about someone’s intention Ali is going to travel to London on Friday. That is his intention. I am going to go to the club with my family. I intend to do so. ‫التحدث عن قرار تم إتخاذه مسبقا‬ 3. To talk about a decision that has been made before I have made a decision to sleep early. I am going to sleep early. He is not going to smoke again. He has decided not to smoke. ‫عمل تنبؤ قائم علي دليل‬ 4. To make a prediction based on evidence Mona is saving money. She is going to buy a new car. There is not a cloud in the sky. It is going to be another sunny day.

Important Notes )timetables( ‫ من الممكن إستخدام المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن المستقبل مع جدول المواعيد الثابتة لألشياء‬-1 Our next exams are (start) in May. My sister flight arrives at six o’clock tomorrow evening. .‫) للتعبير عن مستقبل تم الترتيب و االعداد له‬.am – is – are + v-ing( ‫ من الممكن استخدام المضارع المستمر‬-2 My wife is traveling to Mecca. She has arranged everything. We are having lunch at the restaurant. We have booked the tables.

Advanced Points

‫) عند تحديد وقت حدوث الفعل في المستقبل‬will be + v-ing.( ‫يستخدم المستقبل المستمر‬ Hana will be sleeping at 7 o’clock tomorrow. I will be doing my work all day tomorrow. :‫) يعبر عن حدث سوف يكتمل حدوثه في المستقبل مع الكلمات اإلتية‬will have + p.p.( ‫المستقبل التام‬ in + ‫ فترة زمنية‬/ by + ‫ وقت محدد‬/ this time + ‫وقت محدد‬ I will have finished my homework in two hours. Dalia will have had her dinner by 8 o’clock. This time tomorrow, we will have traveled to France. 23

UNIT 10

Communications Today

Grammar Exercises 1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: Student’s Book – Workbook

I think I ............. more friends after I start going to the sports club next week. b) am having a) am going to have d) have c) will have 2 I ............. send your letter now. a) would b) will c) going to d) gone to 3 Companies have spent a lot of money on the next generation of phones, so they ............. expensive. a) would be b) will be c) are going to be d) going to be 4 I expect you ............. your phone one day. a) is breaking b) is going to break c) breaks d) will break 5 Stop dropping your phone! You ............. it. a) will break b) are breaking c) are going to break d) break 6 My computer ............. five years old this year. a) is b) will be c) is going to be d) is being 7 Your glass is on the edge of the table. It ............. fall. b) would c) going to d) is going to a) will 8 I promise I ............. work hard this year. c) would d) will a) are going to b) going to 9 Look at those clouds. Do you think it .............? b) is raining c) rains d) is going to rain a) will rain 10 When Magda finishes university in two years time, she ............. 21. a) is b) will be c) is going to be d) is being 11 Why are you carrying those bags? “I ............. go shopping.” a) will b) am going c) would d) am going to 12 One day, I think we ............. on the moon. a) will live b) are going to live c) are living d) live 1

UNIT 10

13 A: What’s that?

B: It’s my train ticket. I ............. the train to Luxor this afternoon. a) am taking b) am going to take c) will take d) Take care 14 If you go to England in December, take your coat because it ............. cold. a) would be b) is being c) can be d) will be 15 Amira ............. buy a Jacket for her new job at the hotel. a) will b) is going to c) is going d) to 16 Do you think that Cairo ............. bigger in the future? b) is going to be c) will be d) going to be a) is 17 You always leave your pen in the classroom. You ............. lose it. a) going to b) are going to c) is going to d) will be 18 Manal ............. 16 in 2018. a) going to be b) are going to c) is going to d) will be 19 It’s really dark. There’s ............. a storm. a) will b) going to c) being d) going to be NEW

GEM

20 That’s

the phone ringing. I ............. it. a) answer b) am answering c) would answer d) will answer 21 What are your plans for tomorrow? - I ............. a football match with my school friends. a) am going to play b) play c) will play d) have played 22 After I have studied my lessons, I ............. the film on T.V. a) will watch b) am going to watch c) watch d) am watching 23 We ............. probably be in the meeting for two hours. a) may b) are going to c) are d) will 24 Watch out! You ............. your glasses. a) are dropping b) would drop c) are going to drop d) drop 25 My son Mido is studying medicine. He ............. a doctor. a) is being b) will be c) will have been d) is going to be 26 Our team ............. the match against Ghana. This is my expectation. a) will win b) is going to win c) would win d) is winning 25

UNIT 10

27 I

Communications Today

see that you have a lot of work, but don’t worry, I ............. you. a) am going to help b) am helping c) will help d) would help 28 Somebody is knocking on the door. I ............. and open it. b) will go c) have gone d) go a) am going 29 Esraa is so clever. I am sure she ............. the exam. a) will pass b) am going to pass c) am passing d) would pass 30 My English lesson ............. at 2 o’clock this afternoon. a) is starting b) starts c) would start d) has started 31 It’s arranged. We ............. to the Red Sea next summer holiday. a) will go b) go c) may go d) are going 32 We ............. start the meeting until the boss arrives. a) aren’t going to b) will c) won’t d) don’t 33 A: What would you like to have, sir? B: I ............. a cup of coffee. a) am going to have b) am having c) have d) will have 34 They ............. to the cinema to watch the new film. They have booked the tickets. a) will go b) are going c) would go d) go 35 I don’t know how old he ............. next month. a) is going to be b) will be c) is being d) would be 36 I’ve decided that I .............lunch with my brother outside. a) am having b) will have c) am going to have d) have 37 His car is very dirty. He ............. it immediately. a) will wash b) washes c) has washed d) is going to wash 38 I promised my father ............. the full mark in the next exam. a) will get b) to get c) would get d) am going to get 39 I expected that they ............. the exam easily. a) will pass b) to pass c) are going to pass d) would pass 40 My friend will lend me his book as soon as he ............. it. a) will finish b) has finished c) would finish d) is going to finish 41 He planned that he ............. America next Summer. a) visits b) will visit c) is visiting d) is going to visit 26

UNIT 10

Previous Exams 42 The

water is boiling. I ............. it off in a minute. (2016 ‫)بني سويف – إدارة بني سويف‬ a) am switching b) will switch c) switch d) switches 43 I ............. a new car next month. I’ve already decided to do so. ( 2016 ‫إدارة ببا‬- ‫)بني سويف‬ a) am going to buy b) will buy c) am buying d) buy 44 A: When are you leaving for Rome? B: ............. tomorrow morning. (2016 ‫)كفر الشيخ – إدارة بلطيم‬ a) I’ll leave b) I’m going to leave c) I’m leaving d) I leave 45 I ............. sixteen next month. (2016 ‫)الغربية – إدارة غرب طنطا‬ a) am going b) will be c) is going d) would be

2 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give the

same meaning. 1. I will attend the conference as planned. (going) 2. I’m going to visit my uncle in hospital. (decided) 3. My dad decided to do business in Italy. (2016 ‫( )القاهرة – إدارة المستقبل‬is) 4. Our plan is to spend the weekend in the village. (2016 ‫( )القاهرة – إدارة المرج‬going) 5. Hani is going to paint his room tomorrow. (2016 ‫( )بني سويف‬intends) 6. She has arranged to buy a new car. (2016 ‫( )الغربية – إدارة غرب طنطا‬going) 7.I’ve planned to travel to Saudi Arabia. (going) 8. Mina intends to search for a new job. (going) 9. Ahmed offered to help Ali with his problem tomorrow. (will) 10. Mona’s decision is to come to the party. (going) 11. I’ve arranged to fly to China next month. (am) (hopes) 12. Her aim in life is to become an engineer. 13. I decided suddenly to take my family out for dinner. (will) 14. khaled has decided to book a plane ticket to Aswan. (is) 15. We all expect his arrival. (will) 16. It’s my plan to buy a new car. (going) 17. I don’t want to fail the exam. (I hope) 18. Nada has prepared everything to give her birthday party next week. (is) 19. When I come, I promise to tell you everything about my journey. (will) 20. Can you help me carry these heavy bags? (Will…..) 27

UNIT 10

Communications Today

Language Functions Making plans and promises Making plans

• Do you have any plans for the week end? • My plan is to go to the club. • I plan to go to the club. • I’m planning to go to the club. • We’re going to go to the club.

‫عمل خطط و ووعود‬

Making promises

• I promise to (study hard) • I promise that I’ll (come early) • I promise I will (sleep early). • I promise I won’t (come late again)

Skills 1 Finish the following dialogue:

“Andrew and Ehab are talking about doing homework.” Andrew : How was your day like? Ehab : ..............................(1).............................. with too much homework. Andrew : ..............................(2).............................. Ehab : No, I don’t think I’ll be able to finish all this heavy homework. Andrew : What will you do then? Ehab : ..............................(3).............................. . Andrew : It sounds a bad idea ..............................(4)..............................? Ehab : I always depend on myself but tonight I can’t stand it. I must get my sister’s help. Andrew : I wish you good luck.

2 Write what would you say in each of the following situations:

ou are going abroad on a business trip. Tell your younger sister your plans and Y promise to phone her every day. 2 Someone wants to know your age on your next birthday. 3 You tell your teacher about your personal plans for the next two years. 4 You tell your friends about your prediction for the next match between Egypt and Ghana. 1

UNIT 10

3 Translation:

A) Translate into Arabic: 1. Spending too much time on social networking sites may be harmful. 2. Patience is needed in many jobs and crafts. 3. Modern technology helped the world to become a small village. 4. Make the best use of your time to achieve your goals. B) Translate into English:

.‫ يجب علينا أن نجتهد في اعمالنا لتتقدم بلدنا‬-1 ‫ مواقع التواصل االجتماعي لها مزايا كما ان لها عيوب‬-2 .‫ يتسبب بعض السائقين المهملين في حوادث الطرق‬-3 .‫ يجب أن يتعاون الشعب مع الحكومة لزيادة اإلستثمار لمواجهة البطاله‬-4

Enrich

patience

technology

road accidents harmful

unemployment

your ‫الصبر‬

‫التكنولوجيا‬

‫حوادث الطرق‬ ‫ضار‬

vocabulary craft

make use of cooperate

investment

‫البطاله‬

‫حرفة‬

‫يستفيد من‬ ‫يتعاون‬

‫اإلستثمار‬

Writing: Social networking sites In the twenty-first century, all activities are through the internet and the social networking sites which help us to connect to friends and family who are away from us. Social networking sites enable us to stay in contact with friends and families, and also help us to expand our horizon by getting in touch with people of similar taste, likes, interests and ideas. The most commonly used social networking sites are Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Instagram where one could express their views on public matters. About 60 percent of the Egyptians use these sites. They use them in average 30-40 hours a week. Apart from connecting with people, online business is possible with the help of social networking sites. There are specific sites especially for jobs and marketing which makes transactions much easier and faster. 29

UNIT 10

Communications Today

However, along with the advantages also come some disadvantages. First, the social network is available for adults and teens. So, the features are only for adults and do not suit children. Second, there are many criminal actions and children can imitate these things in their social life. Third, connecting to social network web needs more money. Therefore, children use their own pocket money to connect if their parents do not give them. Fourth, children usually lose their concentration and are lazy to study. They prefer to connect social network than studying. Thus, social network is a bad thing for children because it makes more problems.

Advanced ‫هذا التمرين مجاب عنه فى آخر الكتاب‬

1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

I won’t be able to talk to you all the day tomorrow because I .................. my homework. a) would be doing b) would do c) may do d) will be doing 2 By tomorrow morning, he .................. us the truth about the crime. a) will tell b) will have told c) will be telling d) shall tell 3 There is no doubt that we .................. . it is a fact that we can’t deny. a) will die b) are going to die c) are dying d) would die 4 It was predicted that our school .................. in the competition. a) will share b) is going to share c) would share d) will be sharing 5 Don’t be late this tonight, the film .................. at 9 pm? a) is starting b) will start c) starts d) is going to start 1

2 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:

1. My dinner will be from 8 to 9 o’clock. (At 8.30) 2. Nora is going to spend the summer holiday in Alexandria. (intention) 3. His success is one of our expectations. (succeed) 4. He offered to post the letter for us. (He said, “…….”) 5. I have an appointment to meet the boss next Sunday. (am)

UNIT 10

Test

Based on Unit 10

A Language Functions 1 Finish the following dialogue:

“Adel wants to borrow a book about satellites” Librarian : How can I help you? Adel : ..................................(1).................................. . Librarian : Well, there are different books about satellites. Adel : ..................................(2)..................................? Librarian : On that shelf over there. Adel : ..................................(3)..................................? Librarian : You can borrow it for only a week. Adel : All right. Thank you very much. Librarian : ..................................(4).................................. .

2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

1. Your friend has a lot of homework to do and you promise to help him. 2. Your friend asks what you are going to do at the weekend. 3. Someone asks you about the weather and you can see dark clouds in the sky. 4. Your older brother is going abroad on a business trip. Ask him about his plans.

B Vocabulary and Structure 3 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

The weather report says it .................. hot all day. a) will be b) going to be c) is b) is being 2 Now, a lot of people use the .................. media daily. a) social b) sociable c) society d) community 3 Stop pilling up your work and revision. You .................. fail. a) will b) would c) are going to b) will be 4 The bicycle is an environment-friendly .................. of transport. a) frame b) farm c) form d) firm 5 If you are too busy to clean your room, I .................. it for you. a) am going to clean b) are cleaning c) would clean b) will clean 1

UNIT 10

Communications Today

The accident took .................. in the early morning and the driver died. a) a place b) the place c) places d) place 7 I have enough money, so I .................. buy a new villa next month. a) will b) am going to c) going to b) am going 8 You should wear a .................. before riding your motorbike. a) shirt b) suit c) trousers d) helmet 9 If I don’t get the salary that I want, I .................. . a) will resign b) resign c) am resigning b) am going to resign 10 He .................. the software of his smart phone to use all his new features. a) increased b) proved c) updated d) deleted 11 Hana .................. her birthday party next week. She had made a lot of preparations. a) gives b) will give c) is giving b) is going to give 12 The exams will .................. take about a week. a) probable b) improbable c) probably b) impossible 6

4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets to give the same

meaning: (flying) 1. Ehab has just bought a plane ticket to Aswan. 2. My lifelong plan and intention is to build a block of flats. (going) 3. It has just come into my mind that I take my family out for dinner. (will) 4. Mohammed arranged to meet Ali on Thursday the 25th. (meeting)

5 Find and correct the mistake in the following sentences: 1 2 3 4

My father wanted to do phone calls, so he used my mobile. You should stay communicated to the internet to update your computer. Bell was the person that discovered the telephone. Now, many people use the sociable networking sites.

Reading

6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

A dictionary is very important for all learners of English. It gives them the different meanings of a word. Most dictionaries help them to pronounce a word correctly by using pronunciation symbols and syllables. Moreover, it shows the learner how to use the word by giving him examples in sentences. When you meet a new word, it isn’t a good way of learning a language to think of using a dictionary all the time.

UNIT 10

It is better for you to try to understand the ideas of the passage and guess the meaning of the word. You can look at the letters or spelling of the word and try to remember other similar words which may help you get the meaning you want. If these two ways are not helpful, get your dictionary and look it up; some books have a mini-dictionary at its end. The computer dictionary is the latest dictionary that has many advantages over older ones. A. Answer the following questions: 1. What is the use of having the new word in a sentence? 2. What is a mini-dictionary? 3. Why shouldn’t we use a dictionary all the time? 4. What does the underlined word “it” refer to? B. Choose the correct answer from a , b , c or d: 5. When you find a new word you don’t know, you should first .................. . a) look it up b) guess its meaning c) ask someone about it d) forget it 6. A good dictionary helps you to pronounce a new word by knowing ............. . a) its different meanings b) its parts of speech c) the syllables and pronunciation symbols d) the sentences in which it is used

7 Answer Only Four (4) of the following questions:

1. The social networking sites have a lot of advantages and disadvantages. Discuss 2. What is the only thing that we can be sure of in the future? How? 3. Scientists predict that there will be changes by the year 2023. Illustrate. 4. How will people be able to send text messages by the power of thought? 5. When can we make the best use of mobile phones? 6. What are the situations in which people should not use a mobile phone?

The Novel (Gulliver’s Travels)

8 A) Answer the following questions:

1. Who gave Monks the information he needed about Nurse Sally? 2. What changes had happened in the workhouse during Oliver’s stay at Mrs. Maylie’s summer house? 3. How was Rose when Dr. Losberne visited them in the country house? 4. Was Mrs. Maylie right not to tell Harry that Rose was ill? Why? 5. Why do you think that Dr Losberne is a sincere ‫ مخلص‬friend of Mr Maylie’s family? 33

UNIT 10

Communications Today

B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions:

“No, I saw Fagin with the man I told you about” a) Who said this to whom? b) Where did the speaker see them? c) What was the addressed person’s reaction on hearing these words?

Writing

9 Write a paragraph of (90) words about only one (1) of the following: 1. “Your best social networking site.” 2. “The importance of modern communications”

F Translation 10 A) Translate into Arabic:

1. Reading is the key to knowledge and hard work is the way to success. 2. Children are the hope of the future and the state’s human investment.

B) Translate into English:

.‫ال تجعل اليأس يدمر حياتك ولكن حاول ان تحقق اهدافك‬