COLUMBINE
MODERN SPORT
PARKLAND
MODERN SPORT
MASS SHOOTER
MODERN SPORT
text and design by N AT H A N YO U N G
Rhode Island School of Design Graphic Design M.F. A. Program Providence, Rhode Island
Copyright © 2018 by Nathan Young Rights reserved. Rhode Island School of Design 2 College Street Providence, RI 02903 risd.edu Ordering Information: For details, contact Nathan directly: (303) 881–1969 @nathanwyoung nathanyoung.design Printed in the United States of America First Edition 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 NWY 22 21 20 19 18
for victims of gun violence, and dedicated to lawmakers from every town, everywhere
RE-INTRODUCTION
The credo,“guns don’t kill people, people kill people” is ubiquitous. With one bumper-sticker argument, gun advocates ingenuously removed firearms, the tactile, designed objects, from the gun control debate. Since, advocates have had much success by sticking to their guns, purporting that they are a morally-agnostic tool. Any tool, they argue, can be abused. If a government prohibits the sale of a firearm (any firearm) — what’s next? Shall we also outlaw hammers? Automobiles? The holes in this logic are .950 caliber, especially when confronted with the outstanding lethality of the AR-15-style assault rifle.1 Whether directly fashioned after weapons of war or a product of convergent evolution in the civilian market that achieves the same end, these weapons fire bullets at 3,250 feet per second — two and a half times faster than a 9-mm handgun, and nearly three times the speed of sound. Instead of cutting through human tissue in a clean, straight line, bullets at this speed displace the matter around them like a shock wave. Exit wounds can be the size of an orange.2 The engineering term for this displacement is “cavitation.” If a bullet from a 9-mm handgun passes through the torso and nearly misses the aorta, the wound is survivable (provided the victim receives care quickly.) A bullet from an AR-15-style rifle need only to strike in the vicinity of the aorta and the cavitation shock wave pulverizes the artery beyond repair.2 Worse, assault rifles are semi-automatic, dispatching bullets as quickly as one can pull the trigger; about 2 to 3 times per second. An average shooter can easily empty an AR-15 magazine, 30 rounds, in 15 seconds, every one of them supersonic. In the intervening years since the Columbine massacre in 1999, a new narrative has become painfully ubiquitous — that of the “mass shooter,” killing as many of their fellow Americans as they can. Mass Shooter / Modern Sport seeks to question if the shooter’s chosen “tool” (or indeed, any tool) is morally-agnostic; reclaiming these designed objects from abstract argument and reinstating them in shared space, at 1:1 scale.
1 Gun branding is, like most commercial products, reverent to the industry’s history. “AR” comes from “Armalite Rifle,” so-named for the inventor of the gun, Armalite, who developed the weapon in 1956 and promoted its design to military and civilian markets. The convention is still used today, regardless of manufacturer. To the unfamiliar, it is easy to translate “AR” to “assault rifle,” much to the consternation of gun advocates. They prefer their mirthfully re-branded term, “modern sporting rifle,” even as they continue to advertise guns with variations of “AR” and the number “15” in their names. 2 Sher, Heather. “What I Saw Treating the Victims From Parkland Should Change the Debate on Guns.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 22 Feb. 2018, www.theatlantic.com / politics / archive / 2018 / 02 / what-i-saw-treating-the-victims-from-parkland-should-change-the-debate-on-guns / 553937 /
AN EXHIBIT IN PRINT
This is a catalogue for an exhibit that has not yet happened. Modern Sport, the exhibit, is a speculative endeavor. The show did go up long enough to take photographs, thanks to the generousity of Access Gallery in Denver, CO, and especially to their executive director Damon Y. McLeese. I enthusiastically encourage you to support the gallery and their mission. Find more about them at accessgallery.org. The printed publication you hold in your hands serves as both the catalogue for the exhibition, and as an exhibition in itself. The nature of this book ensures that every object in the exhibit is reproduced here in 1:1 scale. While the experience of each exhibit — one architectural, one sequential — differs considerably, I hope your empathetic response is the same. — Nathan Young, designer / curator
EVENTS
TUESDAY, APRIL 20, 1999
Columbine High School Littleton, Colo.
13 people were killed and 24 more were wounded.
Weapons;
9-mm Intratec DC-9 semi-automatic handgun 9-mm Hi-Point 995 semi-automatic carbine rifle 12-gauge sawed-off Savage Stevens 311D shotgun 12-gauge sawed-off Savage Springfield 67H pump-action shotgun
Rounds fired;
37 12-gauge shotshells 151 9-mm rounds
4 / 2 0 / 1 9 9 9
Columbine High School — Littleton, Colo. 37 12-gauge shotshells 151 9-mm rounds
BRIAN ANDERSON
PAT R I C I A ‘ PAT T I ’ N I E L S O N
STEPHANIE MUNSON
J E N N I F E R D OY L E
VA L E E N S C H N U R R
MAKAI HALL
S T E P H E N ‘A U S T I N ’ E U B A N K S
ADAM KYLER
LANCE KIRKLIN
MICHAEL JOHNSON
WOUNDED
J E A N N A PA R K
LISA KREUTZ
R I C H A R D C A S TA L D O
A N N E M A R I E H O C H H A LT E R
M A R K TAY LO R
NICOLE NOWLEN
J OYC E JA N KOWS K I
KACEY RUEGSEGGER
DA N I E L ST E E P L E TO N
PAT R I C K I R E L A N D
M A R K K I N TG E N
E VA N TO D D
S E A N G R AV E S
N I C H O L AS ‘N I C K’ FOSS
Columbine High School — Littleton, Colo. 4 / 2 0 / 1 9 9 9
CO R EY D E P O OT E R, 17
ISAIAH SHOELS, 18
DANIEL ROHRBOUGH, 15
M AT T K E C H T E R , 1 6
KILLED
S T E V E C U R N O W, 1 4
CASSIE BERNALL, 17
DANIEL MAUSER, 15
R A C H E L S C O T T, 1 7
K E L LY F L E M I N G , 1 6
4 / 2 0 / 1 9 9 9
Columbine High School — Littleton, Colo.
J O H N TO M L I N, 16
K I L L E D (C O N T ’ D)
L AU R E N TOW N S E N D, 18
C O A C H D AV E S A N D E R S , 47
KYLE VELASQUEZ, 16
Columbine High School — Littleton, Colo. 4 / 2 0 / 1 9 9 9
SATURDAY, MARCH 25, 2006
Capitol Hill Neighborhood Seattle,Wash.
7 people were killed and 2 more were wounded.
Weapons;
.40-caliber Ruger semi-automatic handgun unspecified semi-automatic handgun Bushmaster XM15 E2S AR-15-style semi-automatic rifle 12-gauge Winchester Defender pump-action shotgun with extended tube and pistol grip
The number of rounds fired in this attack has not been made available to the public
SUZANNE THORNE, 15
NEVER BEEN RELEASED
MELISSA MOORE, 14
J U ST I N “ S U S H I ” S C H WA RT Z , 22
T H E N A M E S O F T H E T W O W H O W E R E W O U N D E D H AV E
WOUNDED
JEREMY MARTIN, 26
C H R I STO P H E R “D E ACO N” W I L L I A M SO N, 21
J A S O N T R AV E R S , 3 2
KILLED
Seattle’s Capitol Hill Neighborhood — Seattle, Wash. 3 / 2 5 / 2 0 0 6
MONDAY, APRIL 16, 2007
Virginia Tech Blacksburg, Va.
32 people were killed and 23 more were wounded.
Weapons;
9-mm Glock 19 semi-automatic handgun .22-caliber Walther P22 semi-automatic handgun
Rounds fired;
~ 87 9-mm rounds ~ 87 .22-in rounds
4 / 1 6 / 2 0 0 7
Virginia Tech — Blacksburg, Va. ~ 87 9-mm rounds ~ 87 .22-in rounds
DEREK O’DELL
KEVIN STERNE
REMAIN ANONYMOUS
1 6 U N I D E N T I F I E D V I C T I M S T H AT W I S H TO
JAMAL CARVER
E M I LY H A A S
COLIN GODDARD
ALLISON COOK
KRISTINA ANDERSON
WOUNDED
M A T T H E W G W A LT N E Y, 2 4
RACHAEL HILL, 18
WA L E E D S H A A L A N , 32
REEMA SAMAHA, 18
J E R E M Y H E R B S T R I T T, 2 7
NICOLE WHITE, 20
LAUREN MCCAIN, 20
R O A N O K E PA R TA H I L U M B A N TO R U A N , 3 4
MAXINE TURNER, 22
HENRY LEE, 20
M AT T H E W L A P O R T E , 2 0
MARY KAREN READ, 19
ERIN PETERSON, 18
JULIA PRYDE, 23
Virginia Tech — Blacksburg, Va. 4 / 1 6 / 2 0 0 7
E M I LY H I L S C H E R , 1 9
D A N I E L P E R E Z C U E VA , 2 1
JARRETT LANE, 22
MICHAEL POHLE JR., 23
DANIEL O’NEIL, 22
JUAN ORTIZ, 26
M I N A L PA N C H A L , 2 6
AU ST I N C LOY D, 18
CAITLIN HAMMAREN, 19
ROSS ALAMEDDINE, 20
G . V. L O G A N A T H A N , 5 3
R YA N C L A R K , 2 2
L I V I U L I B R E S C U, 76
LESLIE SHERMAN, 20
BRIAN BLUHM, 25
K E V I N G R A N ATA , 4 5
J O C E LY N E C O U T U R E - N O W A K , 4 9
J A M I E B I S H O P, 3 5
KILLED
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 2009
Fort Hood U.S. Military Post (1) Fort Hood, Texas
13 people were killed and 32 more were wounded.
Weapons;
FN Five-seven semi-automatic handgun
Rounds fired; ~1 2 0 5.7-mm rounds
1 1 / 5 / 2 0 0 9
Fort Hood U.S. Military Post (1) — Fort Hood, Texas ~ 1 20 5.7-mm rounds
P R I VAT E N A J E E M . H U L L
S E R G E A N T A LV I N H O W A R D
S E R G E A N T N AT H A N H E W I T T
P R I VAT E A M B E R G A D L I N
P R I V A T E J O S E P H T. F O S T E R
P R I VAT E M I C K E N G N E H L
S TA F F S E R G E A N T C H A D D AV I S
S P E C I A L I S T J O H N PA G E L
S TA F F S E R G E A N T T H U A N N G U Y E N
S TA F F S E R G E A N T E R I C W I L L I A M S J A C K S O N
P R I V A T E J U S T I N T. J O H N S O N
S TA F F S E R G E A N T PA U L M A R T I N
S TA F F S E R G E A N T S H AW N N . M A N N I N G
M A J O R RA N DY ROY E R
S TA F F S E R G E A N T PAT R I C K Z E I G L E R
S TA F F S E R G E A N T A LO N Z O M . L U N S F O R D J R
C I V I L I A N P O L I C E S E R G E A N T K I M B E R LY M U N L E Y
S P E C I A L I S T G E O R G E O . S T R AT TO N , I I I
2ND LIEUTENANT BRANDY MASON
S P E C I A L I S T J O N AT H A N S I M S
S P E C I A L I S T D AY N A F E R G U S O N R O S C O E
C H I E F WA R R A N T O F F I C E R C H R I S TO P H E R H . R OYA L
SPECIALIST GRANT MOXON
S E R G E A N T M I G U E L A . VA L D I V I A
S P E C I A L I S T M AT T H E W D . C O O K E
S TA F F S E R G E A N T J OY C L A R K
C A P TA I N D O R OT H Y C A R S K A D O N
SPECIALIST ALAN CARROLL
S P EC I A L I ST LO G A N M. B U R N E T T
S P EC I A L I ST K E A RA BO N O TO R K E L SO N
S E R G E A N T PAT R I C K B L U E I I I
SPECIALIST JAMES ARMSTRONG
WOUNDED
Tucson “Congress on Your Corner” Meeting — Tucson, Ariz. 1 /8 / 2 0 1 1
C A P T A I N J O H N P. G A F F A N E Y, 5 6
P R I VAT E F I R S T C L A S S K H A M S E E X I O N G , 2 3
L I E U T E N A N T C O LO N E L J U A N I TA L . WA R M A N , 5 5
P R I VAT E F I R S T C L A S S F R A N C H E S K A V E L E Z , 2 1
C A P TA I N R U S S E L L G I L B E R T S E A G E R , 5 1
P R I VAT E F I R S T C L A S S M I C H A E L S . P E A R S O N , 2 2
P R I VAT E F I R S T C L A S S A A R O N T H O M A S N E M E L K A , 1 9
S TA F F S E R G E A N T A M Y S U E K R U E G E R , 2 9
S P E C I A L I S T J A S O N D E A N H U N T, 2 2
SPECIALIST FREDERICK GREENE, 29
S TA F F S E R G E A N T J U S T I N M I C H A E L D E C R O W, 3 2
M A J O R L I B A R D O E D U A R D O C A R AV E O , 5 2
MICHAEL GRANT CAHILL, 62
KILLED
SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 2011
Tucson “Congress On Your Corner” Meeting Tucson, Ariz.
6 people were killed and 13, including the U.S. Representative for Arizona’s 8th district, Gabrielle Giffords, were wounded.
Weapons;
9-mm Glock 19 semi-automatic handgun
Rounds fired;
31 9-mm rounds
1 / 8 / 2 0 1 1
Tucson “Congress on Your Corner” Meeting — Tucson, Ariz. 31 9-mm rounds
SUSAN HILEMAN
R E P. G A B R I E L L E G I F F O R D S
JAMES FULLER
M AVA N E L L S TO D D A R D
PA M E L A S I M O N
MARY REED
GEORGE MORRIS
RANDY GARDNER
KENNETH DORUSHKA
RONALD BARBER
WOUNDED BILL BADGER
JAMES TUCKER
KENNETH VEEDER
GABRIEL “GABE” ZIMMERMAN, 30
JOHN ROLL, 63
D O R OT H Y “ D OT ” M O R R I S, 76
C H R I S T I N A -T A Y L O R G R E E N , 9
D O R WA N STO D DA R D, 76
PHYLLIS SCHNECK, 79
K I L L E D
Tucson “Congress on Your Corner” Meeting — Tucson, Ariz. 1 /8 / 2 0 1 1
FRIDAY, JULY 20, 2012
“ The Dark Knight Rises” Midnight Screening Aurora, Colo.
12 people were killed and 70 more were wounded.
Weapons;
12-gauge Remington 870 pump-action shotgun Two .40-caliber Glock semi-automatic handguns .223-caliber Smith & Wesson M&P15 AR-15-style semi-automatic rifle
Rounds fired;
6 12-gauge shotshells 5 .40-in rounds 65 .223-in rounds
WOUNDED
The Dark Knight Rises Midnight Screening — Aurora, Colo. 7/ 2 0/ 2 0 1 2
K E L LY L E W I S
A L L E E N YO U N G
K E L LY B O W E N
N AT H A N J U R A N E K
RICHELLE HILL
JASMINE KENNEDY
MARIA CARBONELL
E VA N M O R R I S O N
M U N I R A H G R A V E L LY
JOSHUA NOWLAN
R I TA P O L I N A
ST E P H E N BA RTO N
P R O D E O PAT R I A
JA M I SO N TO EWS
CARLI RICHARDS
A D A N AV I L A
D AV I D W I L L I A M S
EUGENE HAN
HAILEE HENSLEY
P I E R C E O ’ FA R R I L L
ASHLEY MOSER
M A R C U S W E AV E R
A M A N D A H E R N A N D E Z- M E N I J E
CAITLIN PEDDICORD
MICHAEL WHITE, JR.
CHRISTINA BLACHE
YO U S E F G H A R B I
TO N I B I L L A PA N D O
C H R I STO P H E R RA P OZA
C AT H E R I N E S T R E I B
JAMIE ROHRS
SA M A N T H A YOW L E R
ETHAN ROHRS
PETRA ANDERSON
D E N I S E T R AY N O M -A X E L R O D
JACQUELINE FRY
BONNIE POURCIAU
M C K AY L A H I C K S
GAGE HANKINS
JA N S E N YO U N G
DION ROSEBOROUGH
FA R R A H S O U D A N I
S T E FA N M OTO N
ZAC K A RY G O L D I TC H
A N G G I AT M O R A
E VA N FA R R I S V I C TO R N AVA
JARRELL BROOKS
LUCAS SMITH
CA R EY ROT T M A N
A L E JA N D RA CA R D O N A- L A M AS
H E AT H E R S N Y D E R
BRANDON AXELROD
R YA N L U M B A
J E N N I F E R AV I L A-A R R E D O N D O
K AT I E M E D L E Y
MARCUS KIZZAR
PAT R I C I A L E G A R R E TA
NICKELAS GALLUP
SHIRLEY CLARK
K I R S T I N D AV I S
B R E N TO N LO WA K
ALEX ESPINOZA
C O R B I N D AT E S
D AY B R A T H O M A S - K I Z Z A R
LO U I S D U RA N
LAUREN ELLIS
CRAIG ENLUND
CALEB MEDLEY
K AY L I N B A I L E Y
7 / 2 0 / 2 0 1 2
The Dark Knight Rises Midnight Screening — Aurora, Colo. 6 12-gauge shotshells 5 .40-in rounds 65 .223-in rounds
V E R O N I C A M O S E R - S U L L I VA N , 6
J E S S I C A G H AW I , 24
M I C AY L A M E D E K , 2 3
J O N AT H O N B L U N K , 2 6
A L E X S U L L I VA N , 2 7
A L E X A N D E R “A J ” B O I K , 1 8
A L E X A N D E R T E V E S , 24
JOHN LARIMER, 27
GORDON COWDEN, 51
KILLED
M AT T M C Q U I N N , 2 7
REBECCA WINGO, 32
JESSIE CHILDRESS, 29
The Dark Knight Rises Midnight Screening — Aurora, Colo. 7/ 2 0/ 2 0 1 2
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14, 2012
Sandy Hook Elementary Newtown, Conn.
20 children and 6 adults were killed; 2 more people were wounded.
Weapons;
10mm Glock semi-automatic handgun 9-mm SIG Sauer P226 semi-automatic handgun .223 Bushmaster XM15-E2S semi-automatic rifle Izhmash Saiga-12 12-gauge semi-automatic shotgun Rounds fired;
1 54 .223-in rounds
1 2 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 2 Sandy Hook Elementary — Newtown, Conn.
1 54 .223-in rounds
DEBORAH PISANI
N ATA L I E H A M M O N D
WOUNDED
JESSE LEWIS, 6
DAW N H O C H S P R U N G , 47
LAUREN ROUSSEAU, 30
V I CTO R I A SOTO, 27
J A M E S M AT T I O L I , 6
R A C H E L D AV I N O , 2 9
J O S E P H I N E G A Y, 7
DANIEL BARDEN, 7
C H A S E KO WA L S K I , 7
D Y L A N H O C K L E Y, 6
JAC K P I N TO, 6
A L L I S O N W Y A T T, 6
CAROLINE PREVIDI, 6
MADELEINE HSU, 6
C AT H E R I N E H U B B A R D , 6
BENJAMIN WHEELER, 6
Sandy Hook Elementary — Newtown, Conn. 1 2 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 2
A N N E M A R I E M U R P H Y, 5 2
NANCY LANZA, 52
MARY SHERLACH, 56
A N A M A R Q U E Z- G R E E N E , 6
GRACE AUDREY MCDONNELL, 7
AV I E L L E R I C H M A N , 6
C H A R LOT T E BACO N, 6
E M I L I E PA R K E R , 6
NOAH POZNER, 6
OLIVIA ENGEL, 6
JESSICA REKOS, 6
KILLED
FRIDAY, JUNE 7, 2013
Santa Monica College and Santa Monica area, Calif.
6 people were killed and 3 more were wounded.
Weapons;
self-assembled .223-caliber semi-automatic assault rifle “black powder” handgun (likely antique) Rounds fired; ~1 00 .223-in rounds
6 / 7 / 2 0 1 3
Santa Monica College — Santa Monica, Calif. ~ 1 0 0 .223-in rounds
WOUNDED
THREE UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
CA R LOS F RA N CO, 68
MARCELA FRANCO, 26
C H R I STO P H E R Z AWA H R I , 24
KILLED
M A R G A R I TA G O M E Z , 6 8
S A M I R Z AWA H R I , 5 5
D E B R A LY N N F I N E , 5 0
Santa Monica College — Santa Monica, Calif. 6 / 7/ 2 0 1 3
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 2, 2014
Fort Hood U.S. Military Post (2) Fort Hood, Texas
3 people were killed and 12 more were wounded.
Weapons;
.45-caliber Smith & Wesson semi-automatic handgun Rounds fired;
34 .45-in rounds
WOUNDED
Fort Hood U.S. Military Post (2) — Fort Hood, Texas 4 / 2 / 2 0 1 4
M A J PAT R I C K M I L L E R
S G T. J O N A T H A N W E S T B R O O K
10 UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
4 / 2 / 2 0 1 4
Fort Hood U.S. Military Post (2) — Fort Hood, Texas 34 .45-in rounds
S G T T I M OT H Y W. O W E N S , 3 7
S T F S G T C A R L O S A . L A Z A N E Y- R O D R I G U E Z , 3 8
S G T. F I R S T C L A S S D A N I E L F E R G U S O N , 3 9
KILLED
Fort Hood U.S. Military Post (2) — Fort Hood, Texas 4 / 2 / 2 0 1 4
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 17, 2015
Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church Charleston, S.C.
9 people were killed.
Weapons;
.45-caliber Glock (model 41, with 13-round capacity magazine) Rounds fired;
65 .45-in rounds
6 / 17 / 2 0 1 5
Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church — Charleston, S.C. 65 .45-in rounds
S H A RO N DA CO L E M A N-S I N G L E TO N, 46
CYNTHIA HURD, 54
R E V. C L E M E N T A P I N C K N E Y, 4 1
SUSIE JACKSON, 87
R E V E R E N D D R . D A N I E L S I M M O N S , S R , 74
KILLED
D E PAY N E M I D D L E TO N , 4 5
MIRA THOMPSON, 59
T Y WA N Z A S A N D E R S, 26
E T H E L L A N C E , 70
Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church — Charleston, S.C. 6 / 17/ 2 0 1 5
THURSDAY, JULY 16, 2015
Chattanooga Military Recruitment Center Chattanooga, Tenn.
5 people were killed and 2 more were wounded.
Weapons;
AK-47 semi-automatic rifle AR-15-style rifle and 30-round magazines 9-mm semi-automatic handgun
Rounds fired; ~100 .223-in rounds
7 / 1 6 / 2 0 1 5
Chattanooga Military Recruitment Center — Chattanooga, Tenn. ~ 100 .223-in rounds
OFFICER DENNIS PEDIGO
UNIDENTIFIED MARINE
WOUNDED
M A R I N E S G T C A R S O N H O L M Q U I S T, 2 7
M A R I N E G U N N E R Y S G T T H O M A S J . S U L L I VA N , 4 0
MARINE LANCE CPL SQUIRE SKIP WELLS, 21
N AV Y P E T T Y O F F I C E R 2 N D C L A S S R A N D A L L S M I T H , 2 6
M A R I N E S T A F F S G T D A V I D A . W Y A T T, 3 7
KILLED
Chattanooga Military Recruitment Center — Chattanooga, Tenn. 7/ 1 6 / 2 0 1 5
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 1, 2015
Umpqua Community College Roseburg, Ore.
9 people were killed and 9 more were wounded.
Weapons;
5 semi-automatic handguns and an AR-15-style rifle, including: 9 mm Glock semi-automatic handgun .40 caliber Smith & Wesson semi-automatic handgun .40 caliber Taurus semi-automatic handgun .556 caliber semi-automatic Del-Ton AR-15-style rifle
The number of rounds fired in this attack has not been made available to the public
CHRIS MINTZ
A N A S TA S I A B OY L A N
FOUR UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
AMBER MCMURTREY
CHEYEANNE FITZGERALD
JULIE WOODWORTH
WOUNDED
T R E V E N TAY LO R A N S PA C H , 2 0
L AW R E N C E L E V I N E , 67
LUCAS EIBEL, 18
K I M S A LT M A R S H D I E T Z , 5 9
QUINN GLEN COOPER, 18
REBECKA ANN CARNES, 18
JASON DALE JOHNSON, 33
LU C E RO A LCA RA Z, 19
KILLED
S A R E N A DAW N M O O R E , 4 4
Umpqua Community College — Roseburg, Ore. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 1 5
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 2015
Colorado Springs Colo.
3 people were killed.
Weapons;
semi-automatic AR-15 style-rifle 9-mm semi-automatic handgun .357 “magnum� revolver Rounds fired;
~10 .223-in rounds
1 0 / 3 1 / 2 0 1 5
Colorado Springs — Colo. ~10 .223-in rounds
CHRISTINA ROSE BACCUS-GALLELA, 34
J E N N I F E R M I C H E L L E VA S Q U E Z , 4 2
ANDREW ALAN MYERS, 35
KILLED
Colorado Springs — Colo. 1 0/ 3 1 / 2 0 1 5
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2015
Planned Parenthood Clinic Colorado Springs, Colo.
3 people were killed and 9 more were wounded.
Weapons;
AK-47-style semi-automatic rifle and others. Authorities have not released further details.
The number of rounds fired in this attack has not been made available to the public
OZY LICANO
FIVE UNIDENTIFIED OFFICERS
THREE UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
WOUNDED
K E ’A R R E M . S T E W A R T, 2 9
J E N N I F E R M A R K O V S K Y, 3 6
O F F I C E R G A R R E T T S W A S E Y, 4 4
KILLED
Planned Parenthood Clinic — Colorado Springs, Colo. 1 1 / 2 7/ 2 0 1 5
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 2, 2015
San Bernardino Calif.
14 people were killed and 21 more were wounded.
Weapons;
DPMS A-15 semi-automatic AR-15-style rifle Smith & Wesson M&P15 semi-automatic AR-15-style rifle Two 9-mm semi-automatic handguns. Rounds fired; 1 00 + .223-in rounds
1 2 / 2 / 2 0 1 5
San Bernardino — San Bernardino, Calif. 1 0 0 + .223-in rounds
13 UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
J U L I E S WA N N - PA E Z
KEVIN ORTIZ
JENNIFER STEVENS
PAT R I C K B A C C A R I
DENISE PERAZA
A M A N D A G A S PA R D
ANIES KONDOKER
OFFICER NICHOLAS KOAHOU
WOUNDED LARRY DANIEL KAUFMAN, 42
HARRY BOWMAN, 46
NICHOLAS THALASINOS, 52
M I C H A E L R AY M O N D W E T Z E L , 37
ROBERT ADAMS, 40
YVETTE VELASCO, 27
SHANNON JOHNSON, 45
B E N N E T T A B E T- B A D A L , 4 6
A U R O R A G O D O Y, 2 6
ISAAC AMANIOS, 60
DAMIAN MEINS, 58
KILLED
JUAN ESPINOZA, 50
TIN NGUYEN, 31
S I E R R A C L AY B O R N , 2 7
San Bernardino — San Bernardino, Calif. 1 2 / 2 / 2 0 1 5
SUNDAY, JUNE 12, 2016
Pulse Nightclub Orlando, Fla.
49 people were killed and 53 more were wounded.
Weapons;
Sig Sauer MCX rifle semi-automatic AR-15-style rifle Glock 17 9-mm semi-automatic handgun Rounds fired;
110 .223-in rounds
WOUNDED
Pulse Nightclub — Orlando, Fla. 6 / 1 2 / 2 0 1 6
22 UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
ANGEL SANTIAGO
A N S WA I B E N N E T T
M I G U E L L E I VA
AMANDA GRAU
LEONEL MELENDEZ
KALIESHA ANDINO
T I A R A PA R K E R
A N G E L CO LO N
J AV I E R N AVA C O R I A
PAT I E N C E C A R T E R
BRETT RIGAS
FELIPE MARRERO
BRANDON WOLF
J O S E “J U N I O R ” M A R T I N E Z
PA U L A B L A N C O
B R YA N LO P E Z
M A R I SSA D E LG A D O
BRAND WHITE
RODNEY SUMTER JR
L A U R A VA R G A S
WILLIAM BORGES
FRED JOHNSON
KEON CARTER
O F F I C E R M I C H A E L N A P O L I TA N O
JUAN JOSE CUFINO
ILKA REYES
JEFFREY RODRIGUEZ
NORMAN CASIANO
C H R I S L I T T L E S TA R
6 / 1 2 / 2 0 1 6
Pulse Nightclub — Orlando, Fla. 110 .223-in rounds
L E R OY VA L E N T I N F E R N A N D E Z , 2 5
J E A N CA R LOS M E N D E Z P E R E Z, 35
FRANKY JIMMY DEJESUS VELAZQUEZ, 50
G E R A L D O A . O R T I Z-J I M E N E Z , 2 5
T E V I N E U G E N E C R O S B Y, 2 5
LU I S DA N I E L W I L SO N-L EO N, 37
S H A N E E VA N TO M L I N S O N , 3 3
E D D I E JA M O L D ROY J U ST I C E, 30
E R I C I O R T I Z- R I V E R A , 3 6
LUIS S. VIELMA, 22
ANTHONY LUIS LAUREANODISLA, 25
DARRYL ROMAN BURT II, 29
G I L B E R T O R A M O N S I LV A M E N E N D E Z , 2 5
P A U L T E R R E L L H E N R Y, 4 1
J E R A L D A R T H U R W R I G H T, 3 1
A M A N D A A LV E A R , 2 5
JEAN C. NIVES RODRIGUEZ, 27
R O D O L F O AYA L A-AYA L A , 3 3
J O N AT H A N A N TO N I O C A M U Y V E G A , 24
X AV I E R E M M A N U E L S E R R A N O R O S A D O , 3 5
M E RC E D E Z M A R I SO L F LO R ES, 26
A K Y R A M O N E T M U R R A Y, 1 8
E D WA R D S OTO M AYO R J R , 3 4
KILLED
JUAN RAMON GUERRERO, 22
ALEJANDRO BARRIOS MARTINEZ, 21
S TA N L E Y A L M O D O VA R I I I , 2 3
OS CA R A A RAC E N A- M O N T E RO, 26
M I G U E L A N G E L H O N O R ATO , 3 0
K I M B E R LY K J M O R R I S , 3 7
S I M O N A D R I A N CA R R I L LO F E R N A N D E Z, 31
J O E L R AYO N PA N I A G U A , 3 2
J A S O N B E N J A M I N J O S A P H A T, 1 9
LUIS OMAR OCASIO-CAPO, 20
P E T E R O . G O N Z A L E Z- C R U Z , 2 2
M A RT I N B E N I T E Z TO R R ES, 33
Y I L M A R Y R O D R I G U E Z S U L I VA N , 24
BRENDA LEE MARQUEZ MCCOOL, 49
J U A N C H E V E Z- M A R T I N E Z , 2 5
FRANK HERNANDEZ, 27
A N G E L L . C A N D E L A R I O - PA D R O , 2 8
C H R I STO P H E R A N D R EW L E I N O N E N, 32
C H R I STO P H E R J O S E P H S A N F E L I Z , 24
ENRIQUE L. RIOS, JR., 25
J AV I E R J O R G E- R E Y E S , 4 0
D E O N K A D E I D R A D R AY TO N , 3 2
CORY JAMES CONNELL, 21
LUIS DANIEL CONDE, 39
J U A N P. R I V E R A V E L A Z Q U E Z , 3 7
A N TO N I O D AV O N B R O W N , 2 9
Pulse Nightclub — Orlando, Fla. 6 / 1 2 / 2 0 1 6
THURSDAY, JULY 7, 2016
Attack on Dallas Police Dallas, Texas
5 police officers were killed, 9 more were critically injured as well as 2 civilians.
Weapons;
Izhmash-Saiga 5.45mm (AK-style) semi-automatic rifle with large capacity magazines Glock 9-mm semi-automatic handgun .25-caliber semi-automatic handgun
The number of rounds fired in this attack has not been made available to the public
S H E TA M I A TAY LO R
C O R P O R A L B R YA N S H AW
UNIDENTIFIED MALE CIVILIAN
O F F I C E R G I O VA N N I W E L L S
OFFICER ELMAR CANNON
O F F I C E R J E S U S R E TA N A
O F F I C E R I VA N S A L D A N A
O F F I C E R J O RG E BA R R I E N TOS
OFFICER MISTY MCBRIDE
WOUNDED
OFFICER BRENT ALAN THOMPSON, 43
OFFICER MICHAEL LESLIE KROL, 40
O F F I C E R PAT R I C I O ( PAT R I C K ) E . Z A M A R R I PA , 3 2
S E N I O R CO R P O RA L LO R N E A H R E N S, 48
SERGEANT MICHAEL JOSEPH SMITH, 55
KILLED
Attack on Dallas Police — Dallas, Texas 7/ 7/ 2 0 1 6
SUNDAY, JULY 17, 2016
Attack on Baton Rouge Police Baton Rouge, La.
3 police officers were killed and 3 more were wounded.
Weapons;
IWI Tavor SAR 5.56 NATO caliber assault rifle; widely deployed in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and introduced to the U.S. civilian market in 2014 9-mm Springfield XD 9 semi-automatic handgun
The number of rounds fired in this attack has not been made available to the public
UNIDENTIFIED OFFICER
DEPUTY NICHOLAS TULLIER
DEPUTY BRUCE SIMMONS
WOUNDED
DEPUTY SHERIFF BRADFORD ALLEN GARAFOLA, 45
O F F I C E R M AT T H E W L A N E G E R A L D , 4 1
C O R P O R A L M O N T R E L L LY L E J A C K S O N , 3 2
KILLED
Attack on Baton Rouge Police — Baton Rouge, La. 7/ 17/ 2 0 1 6
FRIDAY, JANUARY 6, 2017
Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport Fort Lauderdale, Fla.
5 people were killed and 6 more were wounded.
Weapons;
Walther PPQ M2 9-mm semi-automatic handgun Rounds fired;
~15 9-mm rounds
1 / 6 / 2 0 17
Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport — Fort Lauderdale, Fla. ~15 9-mm rounds
THREE UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
KARI OEHME
STEVE TIMMONS
S R M A S T E R S G T C H R I S TO P H E R B P R AT H E R
WOUNDED
KILLED
M A RY LO U I S A M Z I B E L, 69
S H I R L EY T I M M O N S, 70
MICHAEL OEHME, 57
O L G A W O LT E R I N G , 8 4
TERRY ANDRES, 62
Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport — Fort Lauderdale, Fla. 1 /6 / 2 0 17
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 1, 2017
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival Las Vegas, Nev.
58 people were killed and 546 more were wounded.
Weapons;
23 firearms, mostly AR-15-style rifles; four Daniel Defense DDM4 rifles, three FN-15s and other rifles made by Sig Sauer, and an enormous cache of ammunition. The shooter’s arsenal included scopes and two rifles were outfitted with “bump stocks” for near-full automatic firing. Rounds fired; 1 1 0 0 .223-in rounds
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 1 0 0 .223-in rounds
SEVEN UNIDENTIFIED FIREFIGHTERS
NICK ROBONE
12 UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
O F F I C E R C H A D S WA N S O N
STEVE TRESKES
JEFF STEFFENS
CHELSEA ROMO
ALEXANDRA PETTIS
A N G E L I CA SOTO
DEPUTY CHIEF BRUCE URE
WA N DA W E I N R E I C H
O LG A RA M I R E Z
STEPHEN VICELJA
J O N AT H A N S M I T H
AMANDA PETERSON
B O B B Y PA R K S
SHELBY PERRY
JEANINE RUGGIERO
OFFICER TYLER PETERSON
GEORGE SANCHEZ
THREE UNIDENTIFIED OFFICERS
A P R I L VA S Q U E Z
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
SGT BRAD POWERS
ARIEL ROMERO
N ATA L I E VA N D E R S TAY
AG E N T F R E D ROW BOT H A M
K R I S T I N A S TA P L E S
WOUNDED
K A R ESSA ROYC E
BILL ROBINSON JR
S AVA N N A H N I C O L E S A N C H E Z
KAREN SMERBER
R YA N S A R R A Z I N
ADDISON SHORT
ASHLEY QUIDOCHO
R A C H E L S H E P PA R D
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
ROSEMARIE TRAUTMAN MELANSON
PA I G E M E L A N S O N
R O C K Y PA L E R M O
W O U N D E D (C O N T ’ D)
JAN LAMBOURNE
RO B M C I N TOS H
SCOT T L E E
B R A D E N M AT E J K A
DETECTIVE CURTIS LEONI
MYKENZIE LANE
MIKE KORDICH
JEFFREY KOISHOR
ZACK MESKER
TO M M C I N TOS H
SHELDON MACK
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
OFFICER AARON MUNDHENKE
JESSICA MILAM
M AT T L E WA N
B I L LY B O B M A S O N
L I S A L E WA N
JASON MCMILLAN
OFFICER JOSEPH OWEN
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
DA N A E DAW N G I B B S
W O U N D E D (C O N T ’ D)
RY L I E G O LG A RT
K I M G E R VA I S
PA I G E G A S P E R
TINA FROST
ELLE GARGANO
JASON HAMMOND
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
T I F FA I N I H U I Z A R
N ATA L I E G R U M E T
STEVE KEYS
OFFICER MICHAEL GRACIA
A L I C I A J O H N STO N
LU CA I C LO D E A N
JIMMY GROVOM
M I C H A E L H E S S E LT O N
THOMAS GUNDERSON
LT D E R E K H A R P
B I L LY K I N G
C H R I S T I N A K I TC AT
ANDREW KAMPE
ANDREW GUDMONSON
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
JAKE ANDERSEN
CARMEN ALEGRIA
KRISTIN BABIK
GIANNA BACA
PHILIP AURICH
J ESS I P R ESTO N
ALEXIS ARIAS
JODY ANSELL
A R T H U R “A R T Y ” A N D R A D E J R
DUSTIN BURKHARDT
AUTUMN BIGNAMI
NIKKI BARTHAL
DONNY BARTHAL
JORDANNE BARR
MALINDA BAINBRIDGE
N ATA L I A B A C A
JOHN BLUMEYER
FRANK BIGNAMI
MIKE BLAIR
W O U N D E D (C O N T ’ D)
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
M E L I N D A “ M I A” B R O C K I E
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
C L I N T B U RTO N
W O U N D E D (C O N T ’ D)
CRAIG CUNNEEN S U M M E R C LY B U R N
OFFICER CASEY CLARKSON
ALLISON CRUTE
DEBBIE CUNNEEN
LEE DORCHAK
BOBBY EARDLEY
S AVA N N A C H A S C O
JEFF CHRISTERSON
MICHAELA CLARK
J O VA N N A M A R T I N E Z C A L Z A D I L L A S
ANGEL CARMONA
MIKE CASTER
JESUS CAMPOS
NICK CAMPBELL
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
CHRIS EYER
S A M A N T H A FA R A N D A
MELISSA FIERO
KURT FOWLER
A L E TC H E B E R
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
N EYSA TO N KS, 46
W I L L I A M “ B I L L” W O L F E J R , 4 2
SUSAN SMITH, 53
K U R T V O N T I L LO W, 5 5
KILLED
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
TA R A A N N R O E , 3 4
E R I C K S I LV A , 2 1
MICHELLE VO, 32
B R E T T S C H WA N B EC K , 6 1
B R E N N A N S T E W A R T, 3 0
D E R R I C K “ B O ” TAY LO R , 5 6
BAILEY SCHWEITZER, 20
JORDYN RIVERA, 21
CAMERON ROBINSON, 28
ROCIO GUILLEN ROCHA, 40
C H R I STO P H E R ROY BA L, 28
Q U I N TO N RO B B I N S, 20
L A U R A S H I P P, 5 0
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
S TA C E E E TC H E B E R , 5 0
BRIAN FRASER, 39
DANA GARDNER, 52
T H O M A S D AY J R , 5 5
A U S T I N D AV I S , 2 9
J A M E S S O N N Y M E LT O N , 2 9
CHRISTIANA DUARTE, 22
K E R I G A LV A N , 3 1
R A C H A E L PA R K E R , 3 3
A D R I A N M U R F I T T, 3 5
A U ST I N M E Y E R, 24
PAT R I C I A M E S TA S , 67
K I L L E D (C O N T ’ D)
J E N N I F E R PA R K S , 3 6
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
MELISSA RAMIREZ, 26
O F F I C E R C H A R L ESTO N H A RT F I E L D, 34
L I S A PAT T E R S O N , 4 6
LISA ROMERO MUNIZ, 48
C H R I STO P H E R H A Z E N CO M B, 44
JOHN PHIPPEN, 56
ANGELA ANGIE GOMEZ, 20
C A R LY K R I E B A U M , 3 3
C A R O LY N L E E “ C A R R I E ” P A R S O N S , 3 1
J E N N I F E R TO PA Z I R V I N E , 4 2
TERESA NICOL KIMURA, 38
J E S S I C A K LY M C H U K , 3 4
RHONDA LEROCQUE, 42
CALLA MARIE MEDIG, 28
KELSEY BRIANNE MEADOWS, 28
JORDAN MCILDOON, 23
V I CTO R L I N K, 55
1 0 / 1 / 2 0 17
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev.
CANDICE BOWERS, 40
ANDREA CASTILLA, 28
HANNAH AHLERS, 34
H E A T H E R W A R I N O A LV A R A D O , 3 5
K I L L E D (C O N T ’ D)
STEPHEN BERGER, 44
DENISE SALMON BURDITUS, 50
DENISE COHEN, 58
J A C K B E ATO N , 5 4
S A N D Y C A S E Y, 3 4
DORENE ANDERSON, 49
CARRIE BARNETTE, 34
Route 91 Harvest Music Festival — Las Vegas, Nev. 1 0/ 1 / 2 0 17
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2017
Thornton Walmart Thornton, Colo.
3 people were killed.
Weapons;
unspecified 9-mm semi-automatic handgun Rounds fired;
~30 9-mm rounds
1 1 / 1 / 2 0 17
Thornton Walmart — Thornton, Colo. ~30 9-mm rounds
V I C TO R VA S Q U E Z , 2 6
KILLED
PA M E L A M A R Q U E S , 5 2
CA R LOS M O R E N O, 66
Thornton Walmart — Thornton, Colo. 1 1 / 1 / 2 0 17
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 2017
Texas First Baptist Church Sutherland Springs, Texas
26 people, including a mother and her unborn child, were killed and 20 more were wounded.
Weapons;
RUGER AR-556 AR-15-style rifle with at least 15 high-capacity magazines semi-automatic handguns Rounds fired;
450 .223-in rounds
1 1 / 5 / 2 0 17
Texas First Baptist Church — Sutherland Springs, Texas 450 .223-in rounds
WOUNDED
J O H N H O LCO M B E
BOB BRADEN
DEBBIE BRADEN
H A I L E Y M C N U LT Y
ZAC H A RY P OSTO N
JOAQUIN RAMIREZ
D AV I D C O L B AT H
FA R I D A B R O W N
Texas First Baptist Church — Sutherland Springs, Texas 1 1 / 5 / 2 0 17
KRIS WORKMAN
SEVEN UNIDENTIFIED VICTIMS
JULIE WORKMAN
RY L A N D WA R D
ROSA SOLIS
J A M E S M C N U LT Y
1 1 / 5 / 2 0 17
Texas First Baptist Church — Sutherland Springs, Texas
KILLED
P E G G Y LY N N W A R D E N , 5 6
A N N A B E L L E R E N A E P O M E R O Y, 1 4
T A R A E . M C N U LT Y, 3 3
KEITH ALLEN BRADEN, 62
RO B E RT SCOT T M A R S H A L L, 56
KAREN SUE MARSHALL, 56
Texas First Baptist Church — Sutherland Springs, Texas 1 1 / 5 / 2 0 17
HALEY KRUEGER, 16
THERESE SAGAN RODRIGUEZ, 66
S H A N I LO U I S E CO R R I G A N, 51
ROBERT MICHAEL CORRIGAN, 51
B R O O K E B R YA N N E WA R D , 5
J OA N N LO O K I N G B I L L WA R D, 3 0
LULA WOICINSKI WHITE, 71
SARA JOHNS JOHNSON, 68
DENNIS NEIL JOHNSON, SR. 77
MEGAN GAIL HILL, 9
G R E G O R Y LY N N H I L L , 1 3
E M I LY R O S E H I L L , 1 1
E M I LY G A R C I A , 7
RICARDO CARDONA RODRIGUEZ, 64
1 1 / 5 / 2 0 17
Texas First Baptist Church — Sutherland Springs, Texas
C R Y S TA L M A R I E H O LC O M B E * , 3 6
* C A R L I N B R I T E “ B I L LY B O B ” H O L C O M B E ( U N B O R N ) 0
J O H N B R YA N H O LC O M B E , 6 0
K A R L A P L A I N H O LCO M B E, 58
N OA H H O LCO M B E, 1
M A RC DA N I E L H O LCO M B E, 36
K I L L E D (C O N T ’ D)
Texas First Baptist Church — Sutherland Springs, Texas 1 1 / 5 / 2 0 17
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 2018
Stoneman Douglas High School Parkland, Fla.
14 students and 3 teachers were killed, 14 more were wounded.
Weapons;
Smith & Wesson M&P 15T AR-15-style semi-automatic rifle Rounds fired; 1 0 0 + .223-in rounds
WOUNDED
Stoneman Douglas High School — Parkland, Fla. 2 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 8
S A M A N T H A M AYO R
MARIAN KABACHENKO
S T A C E Y LY N N L I P P E L
KYLE LAMAN
G E N E S I S VA L E N T I N
K H E S H AVA M A N A G A P U R A M
BENJAMIN WIKANDER
ASHLEY BAEZ
MADELEINE WILFORD
ANTHONY BORGES
WILLIAM OLSON
ALEXANDER DWORET
SAMANTHA FUENTES
ISABEL CHEQUER
J U S T I N C O LT O N
2 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 8
Stoneman Douglas High School — Parkland, Fla. 10 0 + .223-in rounds
G I N A M O N T A LT O , 1 4
KILLED
H E L E N A R A M S A Y, 1 7
MEADOW POLLACK, 18
MARTIN DUQUE, 14
SCOT T B E I G E L, 35
A LY S S A A L H A D E F F, 1 4
C A R M E N S C H E N T R U P, 1 6
LU K E H OY E R, 15
ALEX SCHACHTER, 14
A A RO N F E I S, 37
CHRIS HIXON, 49
CA RA LO U G H RA N, 14
N I C H O L A S D W O R E T, 1 7
P E T E R WA N G , 1 5
A L A I N A P E T T Y, 1 4
JOAQUIN OLIVER, 17
JAIME GUTTENBERG, 14
Stoneman Douglas High School — Parkland, Fla. 2 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 8
SUNDAY, APRIL 22, 2018
Tennessee Waffle House Antioch, Tenn.
4 people were killed and 4 more were wounded.
Weapons;
unspecified AR-15-style rifle
The number of rounds fired in this attack has not been made available to the public
TA U R E A N C . S A N D E R L I N , 2 9
KILLED
S H A R I TA H E N D E R S O N
S H A N I TA WA G G O N E R
JA M E S S H AW J R
WOUNDED
Tennessee Waffle House — Antioch, Tenn. 4 / 2 2 / 2 0 1 8
DEEBONY GROVES, 21
JOE R. PEREZ, 20
A K I L A H D A S I LV A , 2 3
A F T E R WA R D
April 20, 2019 will mark the 20th anniversary of the Columbine High School shooting. I was 15 years old, about to enter high school, and my father and stepmother lived 45 minutes away in Littleton, Colorado. When they were old enough, my brother and sister attended Columbine, where the shooting still lived on, infamous, throughout its halls. At the time, and even into my siblings’ tenure there, it was unfathomable that anything like it could happen again. Alas, the “watershed moment” that became simply known as Columbine was followed by so many more, also made infamous by simple identifiers; Virgina Tech. Sandy Hook. Fort Hood. San Bernadino. Orlando. Parkland. Clearly, and to our collective horror, none of them were watershed moments at all. Children have been born, grown into a promising young adulthood, and murdered by an AR-15style rifle— 20 years after Columbine. The pain is immense, and the media spectacle turns the series of horrific events into a paralyzing blur. If murdered children and presidential tears are ineffective, how on earth do we continue the fight? One approach, while not a “silver bullet,” shows promise. Gun manufacturers are not as faultless as they like to pretend, nor are they as invulnerable as they might seem. To see an AR-15 and its ammunition as products (deflating them from the sacred rite the NRA clings to with their cold, dying hands) is to imagine a world where market pressure can influence their continued sale and manufacture. Many gun manufacturers are traded on the New York Stock Exchange, and there have been considered efforts to divest, most notably from The Campaign to Unload. In lieu of decades of congressional inaction, divestment from citizens, governments and banks can force accountability from those that profit from this murderous cycle and demonstrate to lawmakers that there is support for reform. As recently as May 2018, shareholders in Sturm Ruger, one of the largest firearms makers in the country, demanded that the company detail its plans to monitor violence associated with their guns and develop safer products.1 Ruger, of course, had urged investors to reject the proposal. In siding with activists, Ruger investors have begun to show their influence; time will tell how far they are willing to go. Nathan Young, 2018
1 Hsu, Tiffany. “Sturm Ruger Shareholders Adopt Measure Backed by Gun Safety Activists.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 9 May 2018, www.nytimes. com/2018/05/09/business/sturm-ruger-shareholders-activists.html
ACKNOWLEDGM ENTS
All once-fired shotshells were purchased from the Shoot Indoors firing range in Westminster, CO. Special thanks to Access Gallery and Damon Y. McLeese, executive director. Access Gallery 909 Santa Fe Drive Denver, CO 80204
COLOPHON
Art direction, photography and text by Nathan Young in Westminster, CO. The book is typeset in Poynter Old Style and Poynter Gothic, designed by Tobias Frere-Jones and David Berlow for Font Bureau in 1997.
MASS SHOOTER