New South Wales National Trust Magazine Edition 4 2020 by The National Trusts in Australia

NATIONAL TRUST NEW SOUTH WALES OCTOBER â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DECEMBER 2020 MAGAZINE

IN THIS ISSUE BLUE MOUNTAINS: TIME TO ACT CELEBRATING OLD GOVERNMENT HOUSE GRE AT DRIVING ESCAPES

CONTENTS

Inside This is our final edition of the New South Wales National Trust Magazine for 2020. It has been an extraordinary year and we have drawn it to a close with features on advocacy for the Blue Mountains, a close-up of our Bushland Management Services in action, cemeteries conservation and a driver’s guide to heritage in New South Wales from our experts. We hope you enjoy this edition of the magazine and we look forward to sharing more stories of heritage in 2021.

NATIONAL TRUST NEW SOUTH WALES OCTOBER – DECEMBER 2020 MAGA ZINE

IN THIS ISSUE BLUE MOUNTAINS: TIME TO ACT CELEBR ATING OLD GOVERNMENT HOUSE GRE AT DRIVING ESCAPES

From the President Neil Wykes OAM

From the CEO Debbie Mills

Member Moments Looking at Architecture

Protect Blue Mountains Underwater

Protect Advocacy News

Tribute Goodbye to Graham Quint

Conserve Giving Nature a Hand

Conserve Beyond the Grave

Reflect Celebrating Our Convict Heritage

Explore Life is a Highway

Calendar Events and Tours

Horizon Find out what’s coming up in the next edition of the New South Wales National Trust magazine

National Trust (NSW)

Cover image It's been 10 years since Old Government House, Australia's oldest surviving public building, was added to the World Heritage list. Find out why it's an anniversary worth celebrating on page 14 (photograph by SGR Photo).

National Trust (NSW) Observatory Hill, Millers Point, Sydney 2000 GPO Box 518, Sydney 2001 Telephone: (02) 9258 0123 Fax: (02) 9251 1110 www.nationaltrust.org.au/nsw President: Mr Neil Wykes OAM CEO: Debbie Mills Editor: Andrew Sedger Designer: Lauren Sutherland Editorial Committee: Nicole Crabb, Debbie Mills, Graham Quint, Yarran Quint, Gaetano Sanacore, Richard Silink, Soma Somavarman, Anja Stride, Lyndal Stuart, Anne Weinman. The New South Wales National Trust Magazine is published by the National Trust of Australia (New South Wales). Published articles reflect the opinions of the authors and are not necessarily reflective of the views of the National Trust. This magazine is printed by Enviropress, a division of Bright Print Group, on paper that is independently certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), carbon neutral and made with 100% recycled post-consumer waste in a chlorine-free environment.

VISION

From the President BY NEIL WYKES OAM

YOU ARE INVITED TO THE

Annual General Meeting Dear Members, It is with gratitude and pride in our volunteers, staff and our generous supporters that I write to you as we enter the last quarter of 2020, a year when the National Trust can be very proud of its achievements in trying times. We are celebrating our 75th Anniversary and remembering when the National Trust was established by ten members of the Ku-ringgai Tree Lovers Civic League, who were true ‘greenies’ and ahead of their time. We have worked hard to live up to their ideals. We commenced the year with smoke haze and bushfires, then came floods, closely followed by the global coronavirus pandemic. Our volunteers and staff responded magnificently and found new ways of working, and we will continue to find innovative ways of conserving and celebrating our heritage. This challenging time has also given us pause to consider what heritage has been lost, with Parramatta alone losing nine heritage places to demolition in the last five years. We have reflected on what could have been lost if we had not spoken up: The Regent Theatre in Mudgee and the Powerhouse Museum are good examples. We’re now defending the MLC building at North Sydney and the Ocean Baths in Newcastle, among other sites. People who volunteer at our branches and on our advisory committees work with our staff to campaign for the protection of irreplaceable heritage under threat. You can support our advocacy through our current appeal – read more on page 6.

Date: Saturday 28 November 2020 Time: 3.30pm-5pm Location: S.H. Ervin Gallery, Observatory Hill, Millers Point, Sydney National Trust (NSW) members are invited to attend the Annual General Meeting (AGM) where you will hear the President’s report from the last 12 months and the results of the 2020 Board of Directors election. Please note that due to COVID-19 restrictions, the recipients of National Trust Honours Awards for 2020 will be announced but not be presented at the AGM, no refreshments will be served and capacity for attendance is limited to 40 people inside the S.H. Ervin Gallery with an additional 15 people to be accommodated in the Annie Wyatt room (next door) at the National Trust Centre to watch the AGM via live stream video. Should you wish to attend the AGM this year, you will need to RSVP by registering via the Eventbrite link below and present your ticket on entry. If, when you register, you see that we are at capacity or 'sold out', please email Jilly Clark at jclark@nationailtrust.com.au to be placed on the waiting list. If you feel unwell or have visited a COVID-19 hot spot in the two weeks prior to the AGM, we ask that you please stay home and notify Jilly Clark via email so that we can advise people on our waiting list. Register through Eventbrite by using this link online: bit.ly/3hOXuIH

The details of our Annual General Meeting are listed right. Please note the changes we have had to make in light of COVID-19 restrictions. As this is the last edition of the New South Wales National Trust Magazine for 2020, allow me to thank you for your support through what has been a very challenging time. I wish everyone a more hopeful and happy 2021.

October – December 2020

LOOKING FORWARD

From the Chief Executive Officer BY DEBBIE MILLS

Dear Members, We’re all looking to new horizons as we watch the sun set on 2020 in the next few months. As we gradually reopen at the National Trust – and New South Wales reopens carefully – the managers of our heritage properties across the State share their favourite summer drives in this edition of the New South Wales National Trust Magazine. We highlight our conservation in action, with a look at the sustainable practices of our bushland regeneration and management at Ewey Creek, Miranda. We also take a moment to consider how we care for the final resting places of our ancestors, with a focus on cemetery conservation. Old Government House is one of 11 Australian Convict Sites celebrating a decade of World Heritage listing this year, and we reflect on the story of this historic place. We also reflect on 40 years of dedication to the National Trust from our outgoing Director of Conservation, Graham Quint. On both a personal and professional level, I must thank Graham for his service, not to mention his unwavering grace and good humour. He will be so missed by everyone at the National Trust, myself included, but I wish him every joy in his well-earned retirement.

We welcome our new Director of Conservation, David Burdon, to the team. You will get to hear about – and hear from – David in future editions of our magazine. You can read the latest news on our advocacy on page 8 and our tribute to Graham Quint on page 9. Many people have asked me how I feel about Graham Quint's retirement. I have found it impossible to give a summary of what 40 years of commitment to an organisation achieves – to try and quantify that, to put it into meaningful words. The best way to summarise how I feel is to speak in terms of my gratitude for Graham's contribution and to say, Graham, you have made a positive difference – a difference to the places and people of New South Wales, through what you have protected for them. A difference to the National Trust and what we have achieved with your leadership of Advocacy. Thank you, Graham. Wishing all our members and supporters a very Merry Christmas and a safe and happy 2021. I hope you enjoy reading the latest edition of the New South Wales National Trust Magazine.

IN MEMORY

Jan Heffernan After fifty years of service, Old Government House’s longest-serving volunteer, Jan Heffernan, passed away in July. She first began volunteering with the National Trust back in 1970, just after Old Government House opened to the public. Jan went on to assist with every state visit, meeting Prince Charles and Princess Margaret, as well as welcoming thousands of visitors to the property throughout her fifty years. She was a dedicated Sunday volunteer who turned up in all weathers – the day Old Government House was struck by lightning while she was giving a tour proved particularly memorable. Her knowledge of the property and dedication to the National Trust cause was inspirational, and she will be sorely missed.

National Trust (NSW)

MEMBER MOMENTS

Looking at Architecture BY CAROLINE PARKER, MEMBER OF THE WOMEN’S COMMITTEE

The National Trust (NSW) Women’s Committee was formed in 1961 to help encourage support for the Trust and its work, stimulate membership and raise funds. Led by chairwoman Dame Helen Blaxland, the initial group of 18 like-minded women decided to organise a regular program of member’s-only private house inspections, starting with Rosemont in Woollahra, which belonged to Women’s Committee patron, Lady Lloyd Jones OBE. I believe it was Helen’s idea and that similar projects had been successfully operating in other parts of the world. Within six months, the group had already conducted eight inspections, which was an astonishing feat. Offering houses of architectural interest rarely accessible to the public, the program not only succeeded in rapidly attracting new members for the National Trust but, over the past 60 years, has raised an extraordinary sum to support the organisation’s work and property restorations.

Almost 60 years ago, a small group of women gathered in Sydney to explore an idea that would open the doors of privately-owned houses to National Trust members. Looking at Architecture became one of the Trust’s most popular programs. Above Rosemont, home of Women's Committee Patron Lady Lloyd Jones and the first house featured in the Looking at Architecture program (photograph by Kerry Dundas working for Max Dupain & Associates).

The tally of houses members have been able to explore is impressive too — somewhere in excess of 2,500, including properties visited as part of special Country Weekend events. “It’s a great thing for a district,” explained Lois Rasmussen, who has helped to organise these events for many years. “It brings in a big infusion of money and it helps to underscore an area’s heritage.” It is important to note that the program would not have succeeded without the time and dedication given by the ‘Cherry Bows’ — the volunteers who guide visitors through the houses and ensure the seamless running of every event. Being a Cherry Bow volunteer with the Women’s Committee is one of the great traditions of the National Trust. The program organisers also acknowledge the unbelievable generosity of the property owners, who open their houses to visitors. “It’s a very big ask, and they are always so warm and welcoming,” Lois said.

IN MEMORY

Barbara Ham A long-serving Old Government House volunteer, Barbara Ham passed away in July. Commencing in 1986, Barbara was a dedicated weekend volunteer, often working alongside Jan on a Sunday. With her husband, Malcolm, the three of them became a regular fixture at Old Government House. Barbara continued to volunteer at the property right up until its closure in March this year. Her sunny smile and depth of knowledge about Old Government House and its occupants, built up over so many years, is a loss to us all.

October – December 2020

PROTECT

Blue Mountains Underwater BY ANDREANA KENNEDY, CONSERVATION MANAGER

Advocating for our heritage lies at the heart of the National Trust, uniting our membership. Now that focus and passion is being harnessed to protect a natural treasure of international significance. Even while the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area struggles to recover from last summer’s devastating fires, this priceless environmental asset is facing another kind of threat. This time it’s flooding, not flame that could bring destruction to the region. Before the full impacts of the fires are known, the NSW Government will assess a proposal that will significantly damage the ecological and heritage values of the World Heritage Area. The proposal involves raising the Warragamba Dam wall an additional 14 metres, to capture flood waters during high rainfall events. Following a flood event, 1,000 hectares of the World Heritage Area and a further 3,700 hectares of national park will be under water for at least two weeks, while the dam is slowly emptied down to its usual storage level. In a report released under Freedom of Information laws, the Australian Government’s Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment found increased flood water levels are likely to have extensive and significant impacts on listed threatened species and communities, and the world and national heritage values of the area. World Significance Inclusion of the Greater Blue Mountains on the World Heritage List in 2000 acknowledged the area’s rich and extraordinarily diverse natural and cultural values, supporting outstanding biodiversity. There are 80 known species of threatened flora and fauna around and upstream of Warragamba Dam, including the vulnerable eastern pygmy possum, the endangered green and golden bell frog, stuttering frog and brush-tailed rock-wallaby, and the critically endangered regent honeyeater.

Most at risk from raising the dam wall are the endangered woodland ecosystems of white box, yellow box and Blakely’s red gum, and a Shale sandstone transition forest known to support vulnerable flora and fauna such as koalas. Inundations will also flood more than 300 known Aboriginal cultural heritage sites, with this figure likely an underestimation given only 26 percent of the affected area has been surveyed. These sites, the rivers, waterholes and mountains, are the country of the Gundungarra people and integral to their creation stories. The dam proposal is not the only threat to the heritage of the Blue Mountains. Several so-called zombie development approvals granted years ago do not have to take into account current environmental assessments or regulatory requirements. Contentious development associated with high visitor numbers are another danger. Tourism supports the economy of the Blue Mountains but unsympathetic development to accommodate rising visitor numbers threatens the heritage values that attract tourists in the first place. The National Trust strongly opposes plans to raise the dam wall and will continue to campaign for the protection of the heritage values of the Blue Mountains. We are greatly concerned about the inadequate assessments supporting the required Environmental Impact Assessment, particularly relating to Aboriginal cultural heritage and the impact of the summer fires on biodiversity. In collaboration with the National Trust’s Blue Mountains Branch and input from technical committees, our advocacy team intends to keep shining a light on the extensive and significant impacts of this proposal as well as global warming, increased bushfire conditions, and new infrastructure and development on the heritage values of the Blue Mountains. We will undertake historical and on-ground research to identify the cultural heritage values at risk and engage in open dialogue with government and developers to mitigate and minimise the impact of harmful activities. Through traditional and social media, the Trust will also raise awareness in the broader community about the risk to the Blue Mountains.

National Trust (NSW)

Clockwise, from top Warragamba Dam, 2018 (photograph by Taras Vyshnya / Alamy Stock Photo); the endangered Green and Golden Bell Frog (photograph by Ken Griffiths / Alamy Stock Photo); the critically endangered Regent Honeyeater (photograph by Jan Wegener, Minden Pictures / Alamy Stock Photo).

HELP MAKE A DIFFERENCE Being heard during these challenging times is difficult but not impossible. Now more than ever, we rely on the support of our members for our advocacy work to continue. As with our success in saving the Sirius Building and the Powerhouse Museum, we will harness your support to continue campaigning for the protection of our natural and built heritage. Members can make a real difference by lobbying politicians and their local members, and by making a donation to the National Trust.

At the National Trust (NSW), advocacy is at the heart of everything we do. For 75 years, we have successfully lobbied to protect hundreds of heritage buildings and sites around New South Wales for future generations to enjoy. But for our voice to remain loud, we need your help. The more money we raise, the more we can raise our voice for heritage.

PLEASE DONATE TO THE NATIONAL TRUST (NSW) 2020 ADVOCACY APPEAL TODAY. Donate securely at nationaltrust.org.au/donate-nsw or call our team on (02) 9258 0156.

October â&#x20AC;&#x201C; December 2020

PROTECT

Advocacy News Changes in the field of development and planning – and their impact on heritage – have gained considerable momentum in recent months. Here is a brief update on the National Trust’s latest conservation advocacy initiatives in New South Wales. Ultimo Powerhouse Museum The National Trust (NSW) welcomes the NSW Government announcement, on 4 July 2020, that it intends to retain Sydney’s Powerhouse Museum at Ultimo, and that the museum “will continue to welcome visitors to its renowned exhibits”. Commenting on the decision, NSW Treasurer Dominic Perrottet said the existing museum at Ultimo would provide “a jobs boost and support to the arts community, which has been hit particularly hard by the COVID-19 pandemic”. On 4 September the NSW Government announced that the original portion of the “Ultimo Power House” has been added to the State Heritage Register. Parramatta Powerhouse Development The National Trust has objected to the proposed Parramatta Powerhouse development, which will destroy Willow Grove and St. Georges Terrace – both highly valued by the local community. We do not believe the development will result in a world-class cultural institution for the display of objects, illustrating the industrial advance of civilization and the development of inventions and manufacture (as the Ultimo Powerhouse Museum does). It is also not in any sense a ‘power house’. The Trust has expressed its concern that the development doesn’t appear intended to be a museum and the Environmental Impact Statement doesn’t address a requirement to consider alternate sites. We have reminded the NSW Government that the people of Parramatta conveyed to Parramatta City Council that they want a new museum expressing the identity of Parramatta and Western Sydney, with content drawn from the history of the local area. Other Conservation Initiatives The National Trust has developed policy papers on the topics of ‘Mining Beneath Dams, Reservoirs & Water Catchments’ and ‘NSW Native Vegetation Clearing’. We have also made numerous submissions on matters such as a development proposal in the main street of Uralla, preservation of the 1842 boiling down works at Goulburn and an historic butter factory at Albion Park, high-rise development proposals adjoining Blackwattle Bay in Sydney, the Sydney Metro West, Snowy 2.0 and the Orange City Council Heritage Study. 8

MEMENTO

MLC Building, North Sydney Architects Bates Smart and McCutcheon took the space constraints faced by the Mutual Life & Citizens Assurance Company at their former headquarters and designed a landmark building for the emerging business district north of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Completed in 1957, the MLC Building on Miller Street pre-dates the AMP Building at Circular Quay by two years and is one of the earliest examples of the post-war International Style high-rise in Sydney. It was also the first to feature a curtain wall design and modular unit construction, and the first high-rise building in Australia to incorporate a public plaza. This ground-breaking building currently faces the threat of demolition. The National Trust has made a submission to the NSW Government outlining our opposition and requesting an Interim Heritage Order so there is time for its significance to be determined.

Above MLC building North Sydney (photograph ©Tom Roe).

National Trust (NSW)

TRIBUTE

Graham Quint RETIRING AFTER 40 YEARS OF SERVICE

He is known as the authority on heritage in New South Wales, and his eloquent perspective and commentary regularly appear in the pages of the press and this magazine. We say goodbye to Graham Quint, who has retired as Director, Conservation at the National Trust (NSW) after 40 years of dedicated service. Ask anyone who works closely with Graham Quint what they think of him and their affection is unmistakable. They speak of his knowledge and generous nature, love of family, and that he lives and breathes his passion and commitment to heritage in his broader life as well as work. Colleagues have been treated to his movie nights over the years, his enthusiasm for pop culture and all music. He will banter on politics, life, the universe and everything, share photos from his beautifully cultivated garden or a virtual tour of Japanese landscapes, art and culture. Graham commenced with the National Trust (NSW) in 1980, following his passion for the environment, he fulfilled many roles until he found his place leading conservation advocacy, government relations, overseeing the National Trust Register, conservation services and archives at the National Trust.

pointed out that Graham has led all the recent heritage campaigns to save the many and constantly threatened heritage places of this State, the most recent being the Powerhouse Museum at Ultimo. “Graham has served the National Trust and the people of New South Wales for over 40 years and he will leave a significant hole in the frontline of the conservation movement. I suspect retirement from the Trust may not mean retirement from the cause,” John added. Graham Quint retired in August 2020. He is looking forward to spending time with his wife, Jenny, (also an avid National Trust supporter) and their very new grandchildren. We all say goodbye with a heavy heart, thank him for his tireless service and wish him every happiness.

“ He has been a powerful voice for the Trust.”

Throughout the heritage sector, Graham is respected for his expertise and knowledge, consistent grace and good humour, and his tenacity, moving on from an advocacy loss to the next challenge with vivacious commitment.

John Richardson, Director at COX and a member of the National Trust (NSW) Board of Directors.

“In my time working with Graham he has been a guide for, and supporter of, the National Trust technical committees. He has curated almost 100 National Trust policies and positions, and hundreds of listings, many produced by his own hand. His knowledge and understanding of New South Wales heritage and our National Trust is outstanding.” said John Richardson, Director at COX and a member of the National Trust (NSW) Board of Directors. John also

Left Graham Quint pictured at the National Trust Centre in Sydney (photograph by SGR Photo).

October – December 2020

CONSERVE

Giving Nature a Hand BY GUY SANACORE, DIRECTOR, BUSHLAND MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Invasive weeds and urbanisation have gradually degraded the Ewey Creek catchment in southern Sydney, but a new project led by the National Trustâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Bushland Management Services (BMS) team is making a significant difference. Ewey Creek, at Miranda, offers visitors a unique sensory experience because of its biodiversity and natural beauty. Native ferns line rocky sandstone outcrops, while instream sandstone boulders slow the water flow to create riffles and pools, as the creek winds its way over a waterfall to Yowie Bay, passing through rainforest and saltmarsh habitats. But increased residential and commercial development, accompanied by limited environmental impact planning, has degraded the creek and the environmental values of its adjoining remnant bushland. More polluting nutrients are making their way into the stream, reducing water quality. Expanding areas of hard surfaces have contributed to greater stormwater runoff, leading to faster creek flows, increased erosion and sediment deposits that destroy sensitive aquatic habitats and disrupt the natural food chain. Meanwhile, weeds thrive in these conditions, with the stormwater helping to distribute seeds and sediments providing the ideal environment to encourage germination. In November 2019, the National Trust (NSW) BMS team was engaged to undertake restoration works to a section of Ewey Creek, as part of the Sutherland Shireâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 2019-20 Waterways Rehabilitation Program. The project aims to rehabilitate riparian areas, mitigate erosion, and improve conditions for native vegetation and habitat value. Priority has

been given to areas displaying resilience and diversity or a potential for native regeneration. An important early measure has been controlling weeds, using traditional handweeding techniques rather than chemicals. The most invasive weeds were given first priority, because they restrict the growth of native plants in the understorey. Targets included Lantana camara, Ligustrum spp (privet) and Senna pendula (cassia). Left untreated, these species develop a monoculture by changing environmental conditions to suit their needs and outcompete native species. While most woody weeds were removed, large trunks from mature plants were left in situ, increasing habitat opportunities for native fauna. Canopy protection is also vital to ecosystems in the catchment, providing habitat, shade and relief from the urban heat-island effect. So introduced vines capable of choking native canopy species were controlled next, including Cardiospermum grandiflorum (balloon vine), Ipomoea indica (morning glory) and Lonicera japonica (honeysuckle). Finally, scattered infestations of monocotyledon species such as Setaria Spp (palm grass) were controlled to encourage revegetation by native species, including groundcovers. Periodic sweeps of the creek were also made to remove overhanging and fallen branches,

National Trust (NSW)

From Top An area previously dominated by lantana, infilled with preferred native species; BMS team members installing jute matting on the banks of Ewey Creek to prevent erosion (images courtesy BMS).

rubbish and debris, which were obstructing natural flows. This work will help reduce potential erosion, water stagnancy, and changes to the natural contour of the creek-line. Another focus has been restoring embankments in areas that have experienced significant increased erosion as a result of flash flooding. One hundred percent biodegradable controls have been used in combination with planting 11,000 indigenous trees, groundcovers and shrubs, to stabilise these areas in both the short and long-term, and increase biodiversity. Remediation works included installing coir logs to protect damaged banks by slowing and deflecting water during high-flow events. More than 800 square metres of biodegradable jute-mat has also been installed in areas under immediate threat of erosion, topsoil loss or scouring. These works have already had a significant impact on the Ewey Creek catchment. Weed coverage has been reduced by 85 per cent, and native flora has already started to regenerate in the more resilient areas. As part of the project, primary weed control, revegetation and erosion works will continue to be maintained until mid 2021, to help reduce the weed seed bank and enable emerging plants to mature. Erosion controls will also be monitored to assess their effectiveness, and adjustments will be made if required.

About Bushland Management Services Bushland Management Services (BMS) was established in 1976, when bush regeneration pioneer Joan Bradley was employed by the National Trust to restore a remnant of blue gum forest at Beecroft. Sustaining Joanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s vision, BMS works with public and private landowners across the Greater Sydney region to encourage innovation and implement best practice methods in the restoration and management of natural areas. Find out more at nationaltrust.org.au/services/bushland-management/

October â&#x20AC;&#x201C; December 2020

CONSERVE

Beyond the Grave BY KATIE HICKS, NATIONAL TRUST CEMETERY CONSERVATION ADVISOR

Tales of love, intrigue and adventure may not come to mind first when you think of cemeteries, but that’s exactly what you find looking beyond the physical fabric of headstones and monuments. Cemeteries are more than rows of monuments and headstones. From the appalling overcrowding of city cemeteries such as Devonshire Street in Sydney to single markers symbolising the pioneer spirit, they hold fascinating individual stories of love, loss and misadventure, reflecting the perils of bustling colonial life and the loneliness of the vast outback. The National Trust (NSW) Cemeteries Conservation Advisory Service is unearthing and recording these stories, documenting the 4,000 known burial places across the State with assistance from the Cemeteries Committee, which was established as part of the service in 1981. Through the tireless efforts of its volunteers, National Trust staff and members of the public, more than 2,500 sites have been recorded so far, and more than 700 cemeteries have been listed on the National Trust Register. These range from some of the largest metropolitan cemeteries to lone graves found alongside bull-dust stock routes. As described by one passionate Cemeteries Committee member: “The exceptional skill of the monumental masons, the rarity of the details, and the innovative use of anything at hand to mark and celebrate the passing of another. The tiniest exotic shrub offering up a posy of dainty flowers for picking by future generations. These make cemeteries so fascinating and important.” Funded by the Heritage Council of NSW, the Advisory Service provides expert technical advice, advocacy and assistance

on cemetery conservation, restoration, management, planning and development. These services are available to the general public, the heritage industry, State and local governments, and cemetery managers across the State to assist in the protection, recognition and conservation of these important historical sites. For taphophiles out there, here are five cemeteries worth visiting and some fascinating examples of the individual tales to be found behind their epitaphs. Rookwood Cemetery When Mary Sterio was buried at Rookwood in 1947, a bottle of wine was poured over her coffin as it was lowered into the ground and mourners tossed silver coins into the grave. Known as the Gypsy Queen, Mary was buried according to traditional practice in the Romani community, after lying in state for eight days in an ornate gold-painted cedar casket and a procession through Sydney streets. Mary’s story reflects the incredibly diverse cultures, religions and burial customs represented at Australia’s oldest and largest working cemetery, where ornate gardens and water features provide opportunities for reflection and tranquillity, as well as a refuge for hundreds of bird species. Waverley General Cemetery The 1798 Irish Memorial at Waverley stands over the graves of rebel leader, Michael Dwyer, and his wife, Mary. Known as the Wicklow Chief, Dwyer took part in the 1798 rising against English rule in Ireland. He surrendered after years of resistance, and was transported to Australia as a political prisoner. Originally buried elsewhere, the Dwyers’ bodies were moved to Waverley during the centenary of the uprising. A procession of 400 carriages and 10,000 people, stretching three miles long, followed the hearse to the cemetery where the monument’s foundation stone was laid in a formal ceremony. Set on a spectacular cliff-top with views over the Pacific Ocean, Waverley is often described as one of the world’s most beautiful cemeteries.

National Trust (NSW)

Maitland Jewish Cemetery Jane Cohen was only eleven years old when she died from Scarlet Fever in 1849. She was the first person to be buried at Maitland Jewish Cemetery, where almost half the 53 burials are children. One of only two dedicated Jewish cemeteries in NSW, the State Heritagelisted site and its sandstone monuments, with Hebrew inscriptions, have been caringly restored and landscaped by the Maitland City Council and a community advisory panel. Ophir Cemetery The harsh reality of life on the goldfields is encapsulated by the cemetery at Ophir. A smattering of plain headstones survives, including that of Cornish mining blacksmith, Charlie Corse. Described as a noted wrestler with a quarrelsome and violent disposition,

he was shot in 1872 during a dispute over a saddle. Recognised as the location of Australia’s first payable gold find, Ophir is now a dedicated reserve where people can still attempt to strike it rich. Collector Anglican & Catholic cemeteries These small cemeteries sit adjacent to one another on the outskirts of historic Collector. Among the graves in the Anglican cemetery is that of Constable Samuel Nelson, a father of nine who was shot dead in 1865 by a member of Ben Hall's gang, while they were holding up a local pub. The Catholic cemetery features headstones ornately carved by monumental mason, James Turner, whose family were noted stone masons in Goulburn, helping to build St Saviour’s Cathedral. Look out for his signature at the bottom of his work. October – December 2020

Clockwise from top left Waverley Cemetery (photograph by EyeEm / Alamy Stock Photo); the Ophir Cemetery, north-east of Orange (photograph by Lisa Murray); the Maitland Jewish Cemetery, which offers poignant reminders of the pioneering roles Jewish people played in shaping the Hunter region (image courtesy Maitland City Council); the Quong Sin Tong monument and moat in western Sydney’s Rookwood Cemetery, where there are more than one million epitaphs and 120 sections for different religions and cultural groups (image courtesy Rookwood General Cemetery); some of the ornate headstones at Collector, south-west of Goulburn (photograph by Lisa Murray).

REFLECT

Celebrating Our Convict Heritage BY ROSALIND MEARNS, REGIONAL MANAGER, WESTERN SYDNEY

An anniversary marking just ten years may not seem all that significant in the life of Australia’s oldest surviving public building, but it is well and truly worth celebrating. It has been a year of anniversaries at Parramatta’s Old Government House. Coinciding with the 75th Anniversary of the National Trust (NSW) and the 50th Anniversary of opening to the public, 2020 also marks ten years since the house was placed on the World Heritage list because of its importance to the history of humanity. Old Government House and Domain is one of 11 outstanding heritage places across Australia that together form the Australian Convict Sites World Heritage Property. Collectively they are representative of the global phenomenon of the forced migration of convicts. Each site within the listing represents an important element of the convict system, with Old Government House covering the administrative aspect. The governors who resided there from 1790 until the 1850s had final authority to assign, punish, relocate and ultimately pardon the convicts under their care. Being part of a serial listing, stretching from Fremantle in the west to Norfolk Island in the east and Tasmania in the south, has its challenges. The Australian Convict Sites Steering Committee that is responsible for managing, protecting, conserving and presenting the Outstanding Universal Value of the properties, comprises a large group of far flung delegates representing each site, as well as state and federal government departments. However, serial listing also provides unique opportunities for collaboration. A good example is the series of videos released to mark the ten-year anniversary. These videos transcend restrictions imposed by geography, so the sites can be appreciated as a whole in one digital space – view them at australianconvictsites.org.au/sites. Another collaboration with Fremantle Prison in Western Australia has allowed Old Government House to celebrate 14

the occasion with a new exhibition. Beginning in December, Transportation will explore the stories of individual convicts associated with each of the eleven sites and the impact forced migration had on their lives. The National Trust is also collaborating with the Parramatta Park Trust to restore the line of sight from the front door of Old Government House to George Street, what was the settlement’s original main street. The two organisations are also partnering to write a new joint Conservation Management Plan. This will guide ongoing management of the site and will identify and monitor potential threats such as climate change, and their impact on the built, natural and cultural heritage, on which the ongoing World Heritage listing of the site depends. Over the past ten years, the National Trust has consolidated its interpretation of the Outstanding Universal Values for which Old Government House and the Australian Convict Sites World Heritage Property are recognised. Today, a visit to the house reveals the property as it would have been during the governorship of Lachlan Macquarie (in office 1810-1821). Downstairs the rooms are dressed with significant items from the National Trust’s collection of early colonial furniture, some of which were owned by former governors. Upstairs the property’s history is celebrated through an ongoing program of exhibitions, with each exploring a different aspect of the gubernatorial and convict period and the wider impacts this era had on Australia and the world. Old Government House continues to hold a place of significance and relevance on the international stage because it is a place in which new stories, ongoing discussion, interpretation and understanding of our colonial and convict history can be shared. Working together, Old Government House and the Australian Convict Sites can be conserved for future generations.

National Trust (NSW)

Clockwise from top Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II at the opening of Old Government House as a museum, 30 April 1970; mantlepiece in the Old Government House breakfast room (photograph by Mark Bowyer); the kitchen; an aerial view of Old Government House, which sits within Paramatta Park, established in 1858 on the site of the former Parramatta Government Domain (image courtesy Parramatta Park Trust); front exterior of the house; Lachlan Macquarie, Governor of New South Wales (1810 – 1821), by Richard Read Senior, 1822 (Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales); a linen press and water barrels in the kitchen. (Images from National Trust (NSW) Archives unless otherwise stated).

VISIT Kindly on loan from Fremantle Prison, the Transportation exhibition will be on display at Old Government House from 1 December 2020 until 14 February 2021. (Please note Old Government House will be closed from 14 December – 1 January inclusive). You can view the Australian Convicts Sites video series at australianconvictsites.org.au/sites

October – December 2020

EXPLORE

Life is a Highway BY LES DAVIS, ANN FREDERICK, KAREN HAGAN, GUY MCILRAITH AND ANNE RICHMOND

With the holiday season fast approaching, we asked National Trust (NSW) staff based in the regions where to point the compass for a great driving escape this summer, taking in their favourite country roads and heritage sites. DOWN THE MOUNTAIN Everyglades House & Gardens Property Manager, Guy McIlraith, suggests a scenic tour in the Blue Mountains region. And what better place to start your journey than at the top of the range, in the charming 19th Century village of Mount Victoria. Take a moment to visit the heritage-listed railway station and nearby museum in Station Street and then head towards the Darling Causeway, following the road for six kilometres as it snakes north along the railway line. Swing left onto Hartley Vale Road, which winds down through eucalypt forest into open countryside and the historic settlement of Hartley, with its colonial-era buildings. After turning onto Browns Gap Road, follow the signs to Hassan Walls Lookout, where a short walk will reward you with spectacular views.

Brisbane Street intersection. First established in 1882, the hotel burnt down twice before this version emerged in 1923. Turn left into Brisbane Street and continue on to the impressive Dubbo Courthouse, an outstanding example of Victorian Free Classical style architecture and a landmark building in the town. Across the road is the former Dubbo Lands Office, with its unusual timber and

GO WEST Dundullimal Homestead Property Manager, Karen Hagan, encourages people to explore the hidden gems of Dubbo, in the Orana region. Beginning in Talbragar Street, take in the heritage-listed Dubbo Railway Station and Station Masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s residence. Completed in time for the official opening in 1881, these buildings are among only a handful in the Stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rail system constructed in stone. Head west to where the Castlereagh Hotel stands at the 16

National Trust (NSW)

corrugated-iron clad walls. End your tour at award-winning Driftwells Park on the corner of Tamworth Street, and explore the wells and steam machinery that delivered the town’s original piped-water supply and are how listed on the National Trust Register. SOUTHERN SIGHTS When she isn’t managing Retford Park at Bowral, Ann Frederick loves driving through the beautiful landscapes and towns of the Southern Highlands, which also boast top-notch restaurants, cafes and wineries. A drive to Berrima is always a good idea, especially when you stop at the fascinating abandoned kerosene shale mine and township of Joadja, where thousands of Scottish miners lived and worked in the late 1800s. Deemed of national heritage significance, the ghost town has been privately owned for more than 100 years and it’s not open every day, so make sure you check ahead. Alternatively, explore the long, winding descent through lush forest into Kangaroo Valley, crossing over Hampden Bridge, Australia’s last surviving wooden suspension bridge. If the sea beckons, our Retail Manager, Anne Richmond, recommends driving along the Princes Highway to Kiama and exploring Bombo Headland, just north of the town. Dating back to the 1800s, its abandoned basalt quarry is an extraordinary sight, worthy of science fiction. Basalt rocks jut out of crashing ocean waves to create a visual, auditory and olfactory experience that seems more like visiting another planet. Make sure you ask the locals about the Indigenous woman, who the site is named after.

Clockwise from top Beautiful Kangaroo Valley, 2020 (photograph by Bruce Palme / Alamy Stock Photo); Dubbo Courthouse (photograph by MichaelGG / Good Free Photos); Bombo Headland, 2016 (photograph by Genevieve Vallee / Alamy Stock Photo); Hampden Bridge, 2019 (photograph by Taras Vyshnya / Alamy Stock Photo); Hartley Vale, 2020 (photograph by Bruce Palme / Alamy Stock Photo); Dubbo Station Master’s House, 2020 (photograph by Karen Hagan). Opposite View from Hassans Wall Lookout, 2018 (photograph by Darryl Leach / Alamy Stock Photo).

October – December 2020

EXPLORE

NORTHERN EXPOSURE Saumarez Homestead Property Manager, Les Davis, recommends letting someone else drive and explore what New England has to offer with an Armidale Heritage Bus Tour. There are four opportunities to disembark and explore the sights over the course of two and a half hours, including the New England Regional Art Museum, the Aboriginal Cultural Centre, the Railway Museum and Booloominbah, a heritage-listed 1880s mansion built in the Federation Arts and Crafts style for the pastoralist White family. In between stops, listen as volunteer guides share the history of the many old buildings that grace Armidale, such as its cathedrals and churches, private and public schools, historic hotels, public buildings, monuments and memorials. Bookings are recommended.

From top Booloominbah mansion, 2007, and St Peters gardens, Armidale (images courtesy Armidale Dumaresq Council).

We conserve heritage, because it matters. Fine & Decorative Arts

Objects & Outdoor Heritage

Museum & Gallery Services

· Contemporary

· Photographs

· Built Heritage

· Small Objects

· Old Masters

· Furniture

· Ethnographic

· Collection & Storage Assessments

· Frames

· Tapestries · Historic Clothing

· Cataloguing

· Books, Documents, Plans

· Mould Remediation

· Public Art Conservation

· Archaeological Conservation

· CMS Consulting

· Works on Paper

· Industrial Technology & Structures

· Monuments & Memorials

· Conservation Planning

· Murals

· Relocations & Surveys

· Policies & Procedures · Museum Planning

SY DN EY | CA NBE RRA | M ELB O UR NE

· Digitisation · Technology Solutions ̵ Collection RFID Tracking Smarttrack ̵ A rt & Object Security Fortecho

icsconservation.com | +61 (2) 9417 3311

National Trust (NSW)

October – December

Calendar The National Trust (NSW) is delighted to reopen a selection of its properties, after several months of closed doors due to COVID-19 restrictions. We are also pleased to offer a selection of events and we look forward to 2021 when we hope circumstances will allow us to reinstate more of our wonderful program. For the time being, attendance numbers are limited to protect the health of visitors, volunteers and staff, so it is important to book in advance.

FIND OUT MORE For current information about opening times and booking requirements for our properties visit nationaltrust.org.au/news/national-trust-nsw-covid-19 -reopening Updates on events featured in these pages can be found at nationaltrust.org.au/whats-on-nsw

SALON DES REFUSÉS 26 SEPTEMBER – 29 NOVEMBER 2020, 11AM – 5PM S.H. ERVIN GALLERY, OBSERVATORY HILL, SYDNEY A much-anticipated annual highlight of the Sydney art scene, this exhibition was initiated by the S.H. Ervin Gallery in response to the large number of works entered into the Archibald and Wynne Prizes, which were not selected for display in the official exhibition. Each year our selectors are invited to go behind the scenes of the judging process for the annual Archibald Prize for portraiture and Wynne Prize for landscape painting and figure sculpture at the Art Gallery of New South Wales, to select an exhibition from the many hundreds of works entered in both prizes but not chosen for the official award exhibition. The criteria for works selected in the Salon des Refusés are quality, diversity, humour and innovation. Principal Sponsor: Holding Redlich. Tickets: Members $4, general admission adults $12, concession $10, open Tuesdays to Sundays, except public holidays. Bookings and enquiries: Email sheg@nationaltrust.com.au or visit shervingallery.com.au

WOMEN OF DISTINCTION UNTIL 29 NOVEMBER 2020, 10AM – 4PM OLD GOVERNMENT HOUSE, PARRAMATTA This exhibition reveals fascinating insights about some of the women who have lived in, worked at and influenced Old Government House since the 1790s. Too often overshadowed by the men in their lives, many of them were achievers beyond their years and times, showing remarkable courage. Meet the first resident ‘first’ lady, a Vice Regal hostess, convicts, servants, matrons and volunteers who brought life to this great house. Tickets: Open Thursdays to Sundays (last entry 3.30pm). Members free, adults $15, concession $10, family $35. Bookings and enquiries: Email ogh@nationaltrust.com.au or phone (02) 9635 8149

October – December 2020

Calendar

THE NATIONAL TRUST (NSW) HERITAGE AWARDS 2020

TRANSPORTATION EXHIBITION 1 DECEMBER 2020 – 14 FEBRUARY 2021, 10AM – 4PM OLD GOVERNMENT HOUSE, PARRAMATTA

12 NOVEMBER 2020, VIRTUAL EVENT Due to COVID-19 restrictions the traditional format for the National Trust Heritage Awards ceremony has been suspended for this year and will be a virtual event. We will announce details on how to join us for the online ceremony here nationaltrust.org.au/heritage-awards-nsw You will still be treated to hearing our keynote speaker, VIP speakers and hear the announcement of the winners and highly commended entrants with M.C. Fenella Kernebone for 2020. The National Trust Heritage Awards are proudly supported by the NSW Government through the Heritage Council of NSW.

On loan from Fremantle Prison, this exhibition is being hosted by Old Government House to celebrate the 10th Anniversary of its inscription on the Australian Convict Sites World Heritage listing. Through a series of panels, it features individual stories of some of the 165,000 men, women and children who were transported from Great Britain and Ireland between 1788 and 1868, as punishment for their crimes. Discover how convict labour built Old Government House out of handmade bricks, rendered to look like stone; and learn about the ten other places that make up the combined World Heritage listing. Tickets: Members free, general admission adults $15, concession $10, families $35, open Thursdays to Sundays (last entry 3.30pm). Please note Old Government House will be closed from 14 December – 1 January (inclusive). Bookings and enquiries: Email ogh@nationaltrust.com.au or phone (02) 9635 8149

A MAGICAL VICTORIAN CHRISTMAS 1 – 13 DECEMBER 2020, 10AM – 4PM OLD GOVERNMENT HOUSE, PARRAMATTA Step inside the oldest public building in Australia and be transported to a bygone era as the property is turned into a Victorian Winter Wonderland. Once you’ve marvelled at the beautiful festive decorations, have your photo taken in front of the large Christmas tree. Let the little ones make a Christmas lantern to take home. Head upstairs to enjoy the Transportation exhibition on loan from Fremantle Prison. It features individual stories of some of the 165,000 men, women and children who were transported from Great Britain and Ireland between 1788 and 1868 (see event listing opposite for more information). Tickets: Members free, general admission adults $15, concession $10, family $35, open Thursdays to Sundays (last entry 3.30pm). Bookings and enquiries: Email ogh@nationaltrust.com.au or phone (02) 9635 8149

FIRST LIGHT: THE ART OF PETER KINGSTON 5 DECEMBER 2020 – 14 FEBRUARY 2021, 11AM – 5PM S.H. ERVIN GALLERY, OBSERVATORY HILL, SYDNEY An exhibition of paintings and drawings by Peter Kingston, focusing on his passion for Sydney Harbour. Curated by emeritus curator of Australian art at the Art Gallery of NSW, Barry Pearce, First Light comprises works from collections throughout Australia, along with the artist’s memorabilia. Tickets: Members $4, general admission adults $12, concession $10, open Tuesdays to Sundays, except public holidays. Bookings and enquiries: Email sheg@nationaltrust.com.au or visit shervingallery.com.au

National Trust Desk Diary 2021 ODE TO THE BUSH Featuring a collection of images and stories, which highlight the rich diversity of our beautiful country. Produced by the NSW National Trust Women’s Committee as an annual fundraising project. Single diary: $25; Two diaries: $40; Box of 10: $150 To order, please email ntdeskdiary@gmail.com or phone (02) 9363 2401

National Trust (NSW)

Tours

National Trust Way Holiday Tours National Trust (NSW) guided holiday tours take you to special heritage places around the world to experience different cultures, environments and histories in comfort and style.

LOSE YOURSELF IN TASMANIA

THE COAL LOADER

12 – 23 MARCH 2021

4 FEBRUARY 2021, 10.30AM The Coal Loader Centre for Sustainability opened in 2011. A former industrial site with an interesting history, it was dedicated as public open space in 1997 and now includes a sustainable retro-fitted cottage, wetlands, community gardens, native bushland nursery, historic tunnels, Aboriginal engravings, the platform green roof, regenerated parklands and a beautiful adjacent bushland reserve.

Tasmania offers a wonderful showcase of Australia’s natural, built and cultural heritage. Flying into Launceston and out of Hobart, ten days will be spent exploring the state famous for its fine food and rugged landscapes. Visit Launceston and the Tamar Valley, enjoying historic villages and homes in the Evandale and Longford areas. The tour then heads to the west coast and the town of Strahan, including a cruise down the G wreath-laying Last Post Ceremony, plus much more.

Tickets: Members $45, general admission $50 (includes morning tea) Bookings and Enquiries: Jill Bunning, Tour Leader, 0439 321 164

Bookings: David Smith, Travel on Capri, phone 1800 679 066 Enquiries: Jill Bunning, Tour Leader, phone 0439 321 164

SHOP

Reading for the Springtime Looking for a page turner filled with history? In her new book, People of the River, award-winning historian Grace Karskens tells the story of Australia's first successful settler farming area on the Hawkesbury-Nepean River. A wonderful exploration of the everyday lives of ordinary people in the early colony, both Aboriginal and British. Purchase your copy online and support the National Trust (NSW). shop.nationaltrust.org.au

October – December 2020