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Serotonin Theory of Depression Debunked Under-Appreciating the Benefits of Solitude

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Getting lost in our thoughts may improve problem The idea that depression solving, increase creativis caused by a chemical ity, enhance imagination freshidea/AdobeStock.com imbalance—specifically, a serotonin deficiency—has been popular and influential since the 1960s, leading to the wide use of antidepressants. A recent multi-institution study led by the University of Readand provide a better sense of self-worth. But in the digital age, with immediate and satisfying input at a finger’s tap, it is possible to be “solitude deprived,” says Cal Newport, a computer science professor at Georgetown University and author of Digital Minimalism. sergign/AdobeStock.com ing, in the UK, and pub- In a recent study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, lished in Molecular Psychiatryhas debunked this theory. psychologists asked a group of more than 250 univerThe researchers did a systematic review of studies on the sity students to sit and wait in a quiet room without doing topic and found no convincing evidence of an association anything. Researchers found that the students underbetween serotonin and depression, and no support for the appreciated their enjoyment and engagement of “just hypothesis that depression is caused by lowered serotonin thinking” and instead favored technology-driven distracactivity or concentrations. The serotonin theory of depres- tions like internet news-checking. The results suggest an sion has historically provided convincing justification for inherent difficulty in accurately assessing how engaging the use of antidepressants and may discourage people just thinking can be, and may explain why people prefer from discontinuing treatment, potentially leading to life- keeping themselves busy rather than taking a moment for long dependence on such drugs. reflection and imagination in their daily lives.

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