Epilepsy
Epilepsy Epilepsy is a brain disorder that causes repeated seizures. There are many different types of epilepsy and many different kinds of seizures. A person having a seizure may seem confused, stare into space, wander, make unusual movements, or not be able to talk. Traumatic brain injuries, stroke, certain infections (such as cysticercosis, which is the leading cause of epilepsy worldwide), and pregnancy complications are some causes of epilepsy. EPILEPSY
Diagnosis
Primary partial seizures
Disease identification card or disc recommended
Start with phenytoin or carbamazepine or sodium valproate or valproic acid or phenobarbitone
Primary generalised seizures Start with sodium valproate or valproic acid
Not tolerated or controlled? Not tolerated or controlled?
Alternatives: Phenytoin or carbamazepine or sodium valproate or valproic acid or lamotrigine or topiramate or oxcarbazepine
Alternatives and/or addition: For absent seizures: ethosuximide For myoclonic seizures: clonazepam For tonic-clonic seizures: carbamazepine or phenytoin or lamotrigine or topiramate or oxcarbazepine
Ongoing seizures?
Ongoing seizures?
Add second drug Suggested combinations: Carbamazepine and sodium valproate or valproic acid, Phenytoin and sodium valproate or valproic acid, Sodium valproate or valproic acid and lamotrigine, Anticonvulsant and topiramate
Uncontrolled seizures Review for further management
Copyright: Council for Medical Schemes
Add second drug: If taking sodium valproate or valproic acid for absent seizures add ethosuximide, If taking sodium valproate or valproic acid for myoclonic seizures add clonazepam If taking sodium valproate or valproic acid for tonic-clonic seizures add lamotrigine
Uncontrolled seizures Review for further management
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48 PMB-X GUIDELINES 2021 *Treatment algorithm not to be associated with advertisement
