Regional Bikeway
Nicholas Buesking
363 Clementi Ave. 2 #12-427 Singapore 120363 +65 8723 1676 nbuesking@gmail.com
ACADEMIC Coastal Village of Lennox Head
3
White River Watershed
15
Our Lady of Perpetual Help Orphanage
21
PROFESSIONAL Lake Delavan Residence
25
Morgan Park
31
Shelter-Seed
35
Sketches & Photography
41
COASTAL VILLAGE OF LENNOX HEAD
3
Typology
Town Master Plan, Waterfront Design, Open Space
Location
Lennox Head, New South Wales, Australia
Media
Photoshop, Illustrator, AutoCAD, Rhino, ArcGIS
Overview
Addressing how coastal villages like Lennox Head interact with their environment is an important facet of creating an ecologically sustainable future. This project moves toward a new definition of development by integrating healthy natural systems and human infrastructure. As the town expands, it will begin to embrace its surrounding natural environment and restore degradation caused by development. It also addresses how people perceive their environment, encouraging them to value in an integrated landscape.
Orientation Lake Ainsworth Surf Life Saving Club
Seven Mile Beach
Lennox Head deals with three major ecological issues: dune erosion, fractured inland habitat, and poor lake quality. The significant expected growth of the town creates both opportunities and constraints in addressing these issues.
Revetment
Lennox Head
The Coast Road
Issues
67%
5
Dune Erosion
Loss of Littoral Rainforest
Diminished Water Quality
[Seven Mile Beach]
[Lennox Head]
[Lake Ainsworth]
Projected Town Growth [Lennox Head]
Design Strategy
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Integrated Infrastructure
1
Shore revegetation
2
Dune regrowth
3
Bioswale filtration
4
Revetment reduction
5
Reestablish coastal vegetation
6
Recycled water reservoir
7
Street bioretention
8
Green roofs
9
Pervious pavement
10 Recycled water treatment plant 11 Strategic retreat
Max Wave Setup Height +3.01m
Regional Bus Route Local Shuttle Route
Predicted Sea Level Rise +0 Current High Tide
Bike Path Major Shuttle Stop Shuttle Stop Low Density Residential (10-15 units/ha) Medium Density Residential (30-40 units/ha) Commercial Habitat
7
N 0
0.5
1.0
2.0 km
Intermittent Beach/ Ocean
Redefined Coastline
m
.95m Regional Bikeway Removed Upper Revetment
Existing Revetment
Ceded Park Land
Restored Secondary and Tertiary Dune Vegetation
Existing Community Park
Pedestrian/ Bike Path
Medium Density 9Residential
Stormwater Channel
Connector Ro
Transportation & Habitat Corridor
Integrated Growth Corridor
oad
Retention Area
Low Density Residential
Restorative Eco-Park Littoral Rainforest Much of the historic cover of rainforest has been removed with the development of the town.
Hydrology Lake Ainsworth
Pacific Parade
The freshwater coastal lake suffers from degraded water quality due to erosion, runoff, and eutrophication.
Primary street in Lennox Head terminates to the north at the Sport and Rec Center. This road during weekends is used heavily for parking by people using the beach or lake.
Ecology Surf Life Saving Club Surf club provides one of the main points for people to interact with the ocean.
Caravan Park
Vehicular Circulation
Campgrounds block accessibility of the lake for many residents and causes stormwater issues, yet it generates significant economic revenue.
Seven Mile Beach Beach is extremely active and is critical to Lennox Head’s identity.
N 0 25 50
11
Pedestrian Flow
100
[Existing Conditions]
200m
As one of the town’s two major hotspots and a significant habitat zone, the Eco-Park serves as a model of integration for the rest of the community.
Educational Path Lake Shore Interaction with the lake has been moved from the shore onto a series of docks. The shift protects the shore from being trampled and allows native wetland communitiess to be restored.
The landscape itself acts as an extension of the resource center, revealing the integration of natural and built communities on site. A series of educational points create a path from the dunes to gardens.
Hydrology Ecorevelatory Poles
Environmental nment Resource Center Education ation is a vital part of the integration process. cess. TThe center teaches about ongoing restoration and integration efforts through torat exhibits hibit and classes.
A series of installations throughout the town makes people aware of the shift in dunes from both natural processes and manmade factors.
Surf Life Saving Club S Th siting and form of the building The allows for close to connection to a the beach while also acting like th coastal canopy. c
Ecology
Coastal Path Drop Off Zone The shuttle stop encourages using public transit to get to the site rather than driving. The lane is oriented with a view toward the ocean and easy access to lake.
A regional connection is created through a scenic path that runs from Ballina to Byron Bay.
Elevated Dune Crossings By lifting pedestrian traffic over the dunes, the sensitive habitat is strengthened through continuity.
Vehicular Circulation
Community Agriculture Local products go to serve local restaurants, creating a tangible connection between natural systems and people.
N
0
10
25
50 m
[Lake Ainsworth Eco-Park]
Pedestrian Flow
Revelatory Landscapes
Coastal Path
The regional bike and pedestrian path that runs along the coast hovers above the dunes, revealing the precarious nature of the dunes.
Front Foredune
A boardwalk extends up and over sensitive dune vegetation at the Surf Life Saving Club while poles track the growth and movement of dunes over time.
13
Bioswale Filtration
A bioswale along the regional bike path demonstrates ecological stormwater management while signage educates passersby.
Revegetated Shoreline
A dock system replaces typical lakeshore interaction to reduce erosion caused by foot traffic on the shore and to encourage healthy shore line plant communities.
OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP ORPHANAGE
15
Typology
Site Master Plan
Location
Plaine du Nord, Haiti
Media
Pen, Marker, Rhinoceros, Photoshop
Overview
Our Lady of Perpetual Help is not detached from the community like many orphanages. Rather, the complex provides a high quality of life through providing the children’s basic needs of food and shelter while also generating a high degree of economic and social activity. It invites the community to come and receive education, medical attention, and religious instruction. In light of the heavy deforestation Haiti has experienced, the site also leaves a portion of land undeveloped in order to encourage the rehabilitation of the nation’s natural heritage. The site utilizes passive systems to cool buildings, irrigate fields, and manage stormwater. This project was developed as a part of an interdisciplinary group with undergraduate and graduate architecture students. Dealing primarily with site layout, I coordinated the development of the site as a whole with individual architecture elements, creating a unified orphanage complex.
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Crop rotated fields Teaching fields Community garden Vendor booths Plaza & market Aquaculture ponds
7 8 9 10 11 12
0
25
50
100
200 Feet
Retention ponds Wind turbines Soccer pitch Animal yard Reforested habitat Leased future development
Passive Systems
of teammates
A New Building Block
[Mitigating Water Pollution]
regular “A” block in formwork
17
corner block in formwork
This new block takes an innovative solution to increasing structural stability in the third world. The structural integrity of buildings, freestanding walls, and retaining walls is critical in Haiti—which has a history full of poor construction and building collapse. This block responds by increasing inherent strength, providing a versatility of shapes, and creating a unique look.
[Harnessing the Wind]
MORE than just an ORPHANAGE primary SCHOOL
CHURCH
vocational SCHOOL
LIBRARY
community HUB ENERGY producer
environmentally responsible
self-sustained AGRICULTURE producer MEDICAL CLINIC
Orphanage Entrance and Chapel courtesy of teammate Katie Werner
MARKET restricted access to school and dormitories
temporary vendor tents
Main Axial Walkway courtesy of teammate Mo Han permament market stalls
covered perimeter for protection from sun
N
chapel 0
2
5
10
15 Feet
Plaza and Market
community entrance
School Building courtesy of teammate Mo Han
WHITE RIVER WATERSHED Typology
Regional Master Plan
Location
Indiana
Media
ArcGIS, Illustrator, Photoshop
Overview
While the White River has the potential to be a vital element nt of both natural and built systems throughout central Indiana, a, it remains severely underutilized because of its degraded d condition and a poor reputation. The nature of its problems ms mandates a holistic solution throughout the watershed. The e first necessary step is pollution remediation. As the watershed d becomes healthy, communities will be drawn back to the e river through design and activity, and a regional plan will ensure the continued health of the watershed. The analysis and framework solutions were developed with th two partners. As a part of the team, I handled GIS map p production, the regional plan, icon development, and d detailed design development.
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The Problem
Agricultural & Urban Land
21
Combined Sewer Overflows
Confined Animal Feeding Operations
Stream Degradation
The Now: Pollution Remediation Remediation is the mandatory first step towards a healthy watershed. For urban issues, the town of Daleville serves as a model of the remediation that must occur in both large and small urban developments.
Green Roof Rain Barrel Pervious Pavement
Constructed Wetland Filtration Infiltration Detention Retention
Base plan produced by Alexander Salmins.
Vegetated Swale
The Soon: Intervention Sites
The Long Term: Regional Plan
city of Daleville Mounds State Park
Yorktown WWTP Westside Park Muncie Central High School
Anderson Athletic Park Geist Reservoir
Craddock Wetlands Goodrich Park
Conner Prairie Pepsi Coliseum Ellenberger Park Butler University Pogue’s Run Art and Nature Park
agriculture Prairie Creek Reservoir
White River State Park and the Canal
city of New Castle vacant land
Bradford Woods
Sunset Park Irwin Park
agriculture in riparian buffer
Millrace Park agriculture in riparian buffer Monroe Lake case study asset city of Bedford
civic space community park
agriculture in riparian buffer
under utilized land
Urban Development
Once waterways become healthy for human interaction, a number of focused design sites have been identified that will become hotspots community engagement.
urban expansion existing urban development increased urban density
Nature and Agriculture riparian buffer organic agriculture
Overarching both remediation and designed intervention sites is the regional plan which addresses the long term health of the watershed through energy, transportation, and urban and agricultural growth.
23
Alternative Energy land designated for wind power hydro-electric micro turbine
Transportation major rail node minor rail node 0
5
10
20
30
Miles 40
N
passenger rail
Focused Intervention Site 1) Earthen insulation 2) Naturalized pens 3) Green roof filtration
1 2
1) Farm house 2) Barns 3) Grazing pasture
Existing Farm
3
4) Rainwater harvesting 5) Orientation for solar gain
3
4
5
2
5
1
4) Crop land 5) Drainage swale
4
Environmentally Conscious Livestock Pens
1) Stormwater picks up chemicals and sediment moving through fields.
2) Natural buffer slows and filters runoff while also increasing amount of infiltration.
1
3) Clean runoff enters stream.
2 3
Field Perimeter stiff grasses 25’ (opt.)
Agriculture + Runoff Treatment + Energy Production
Secondary Buffer
shrubs interspersed with trees 125’ minimum
Extended Riparian Buffer
Main Buffer
dense shrubs and trees 75’ minimum
Bank
stabilizing plants
River
LAKE DELAVAN RESIDENCE Typology
Residential Design, Waterfront Design
Location
Delavan, Wisconsin
Media
AutoCAD, Photoshop
Overview
The relationship of this lakefront home to the water, both visually and environmentally, is crucial. The lot is narrow, affording 15’-20’ of room between house and lot line to account for steep grade changes to the front entrance. These conditions mandate careful management of viewsheds in the design of the walls and landscaping. This project was designed in tandem with my supervising landscape architect. He designated conceptual layout, and I was responsible for the subsequent schematic design of landscape structures and the stormwater management system.
25
12" Thick
10" Dia. Pier, 42" Depth
Note: Deflection is Equal on Both Curved Walls.
12" Dia. Pier, 42" Depth 10" Dia. Pier, 54" Depth
3'-921" 2'-1"
614"
1'-521" 1'-0"
4'-0"
12" Dia. Pier, 54" Depth 121"
ALL WALLS ARE 10" THICK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
2'-0"
1'-3"
12" Thick
3'-014"
3'-834" +
19'-421"
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7'-4"
5'-2"
5'-6"
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+ TF 101.60
4'-1" 2'-121"
+ + ur v e TF 98.78
+ TF 103.52 +
12" Thick
+ + TF 100.67
3'-3"
10'-7"
1'-8" 1'-10"
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12" Thick
3'-1134"
+ TF 103.52 +
+ TF 101.60 +
7'-0"
4'-10"
13'-421"
il ta
4'-6"
2'-6"
2'-11" 1'-8" 1'-10"
12" Thick + TF 98.98 +
10'-321"
12'-11"
+ TF 102.91 +
5'-2"
7'-4"
5'-614" 13'-821"
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Masonry Wall Foundation Plan
Wall Section
104.13
TW
101.83 101.60 100.67
TF TF
Walk TW
101.41-101.48 104.13
TF
102.91 101.83 101.60 100.67
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Behind-Wall Drainage
Wall Assembly 214" Limestone Coping with Drip Kerf Install Wall Ties No. 5 Rebar, 2" Clear Min. 6" CMU Block Core, Grout Solid at Rebar 10" Wide Grade Beam, with No. 5 Rebar, (2) Horizontal, 2' O.C. Max. Vertical, Connected with Wires Ties, 2" Clear Min. 10"-12" Dia. (See Plan Above) Flared Pier Supports to Frost Depth
Install Horizontal and Vertical MTI Drainage Channels Natural Stone Veneer Height Varies
2"-3" Below Grade
Bituthene Waterproofing with Drain Mat
Masonry Wall with Coping Finished Grade (Pavement or Planting Bed)
24"
Bury To Frost Depth
4" SDR-35 Perforated Drain Tile with No.7 Chip Gravel in Drainage Fabric Wrap. Connect to 6" SDR-35 per Grading and Drainage Plan, LS-2.
Grade Beam
Precast Inlet
Drain Tile Plan ǢÞĶɚsNj ō ƼĶs ˠˣ˃
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3.5%
3.1%
DECK
GARAGE
RESIDENCE
(340') 6" SDR-35 Solid Drain Tile, Solvent Welded
Threaded Cleanout, Typical Infiltration Channel At-Grade Outflow with Gravel Collar
1.25%
(3) 9" Box Inlets with Atrium Grates
2%
(5) Downspout Connections, 4" SDR-35 Solid Drain Tile
elec
h.p.
W
1.5%
GAS EL TEL
exhaust vents below elec
3.7%
Atrium Inlet
3.5%
3.7%
2.0%
1.8%
1.3%
h.p.
Sedge Meadow Zone
NEIGHBOR'S DRIVEWAY
Mesic Prairie Zone
Behind Wall Drainage Network, (138') 4" SDR-35 Perforated Drain Tile in Gravel and Fabric Wrap, Solvent Welded
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N
0
5 10
20
30
45 ft
All natural drainage patterns on site flow toward the lake. Because the residence blocks these patterns, the runoff generated by impervious surfaces is collected. The stormwater system uses intermediary biofiltration to improve water quality before it is discharged. Instead of dumping the water at high velocities into the lake, an armored outfall in Lake Delavan discourages erosion. The system also reduces the volume of stormwater that would otherwise sheet drain over the concrete seawall and agitate the lake floor.
29
Biofiltration Plant List Sedge Meadow • Aster firmus • Carex frankii • Carex hystericina • Chelone obliqua • Iris virginica shrevei • Juncus torreyi
Mesic Prairie • Allium cernuum • Tradescantia ohiensis
Biofiltration Channel
6" SDR-35 Solid Tile to Lake
Channel Flow Line to be Planted with Sedge Meadow Species per Plan
6" Atrium Inlet Decorative Cobbles
Engineered Soil Mix for Drainage
Dry Stack Stone Walls Armored Discharge
3.5%
1.0%
Washed Gravel and Fabric Wrap Underdrain Perforations in Pipe to Allow Subgrade Drainage
Stormwater Discharge Detail 4'-5' From Wall
Bore Through Existing Concrete Sea Wall and Seal with Mortar 6" SDR-35 Solid Drain Tile Outfall Elevation (82.66)
Pitch 0.5%-2.0% Water Elevation Observed 10.11.14 (81.57)
Fill In Gaps between Boulders with Matching Rocks Replace Excavated Soil Toe-In Large Stabilization Boulders After Stabilization Boulders are in Place, Excavate around Perimeter and Bury Smaller Boulders. Re-cover with Excavated Sand to Original Floor Height.
Original Lake Floor at Sea Wall
10"
Depth of Stabilization Boulders Depth of Buried Protective Perimeter 5"
MORGAN PARK Typology
Open Space Design
Location
Park Ridge, Illinois
Media
AutoCAD, Colored Pencil
Overview
Morgan Park was developed in private-public cooperation with the city park district and private donors. The open space sits between the two lanes of a residential street bordered by homes on either side. Its primary users are nearby residents who use the park for passive recreation. The park showed marginal design intent, and much of the original tree stock had been lost to the Emerald Ash Borer. The proposed design creates a swath of central lawn flowing from one end of the park to the other, swooping out occasionally to provide views and access to neighboring residents. Species were chosen and arranged based on their urban tolerance, longevity, and aesthetic value within the existing framework of trees. To reduce the maintenance levels and emphasize the park’s geometry, the tree planting areas are delineated by no-mow lawn.
31
Problems
Design Criteria
•
An understated street presence on the south end
•
Enhance viewshed into park from south end
•
Crowding of north and south corridors of Ashland by trees
•
•
Lack of cohesive design in species and tree locations
Unify planting through grouping and repitition of species, distribution of flowering plants, and patterns of fall foliage
•
No spatial connection between the north and south halves of the park
•
Use primarily native species to promote urban ecological systems
•
Decrease maintenance levels through conversion of standard lawn to no-mow lawn
0
50
100
200
400 ft
Proposed Master Plan Bald Cypress Musclewood 2 Northern Catalpa
3 Shingle Oak 3 Serbian Spruce
White Fringetree 3 4 Eastern Red Cedar
Serviceberry 2 Littleleaf Linden
Tra
Pole
Pole
Winter King Hawthorn
Ironwood
2 Bald Cypress
2 Redbud
Overhead Wires
Black Gum White Fringetree
Columnar Tuliptree
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Ivory Silk Japanese Tree Lilac 3 Swamp White Oak
Witchhazel 3 Transplant Witchhazel
N
Pole
3 Ironwood 2 Red Horsechestnut
Conceptual Layers
Partial Species List
[Grass Swath]
• Acer nigrum
• Juniperus virginiana
• Aesculus x carnea
• Liriodendron tulipifera
• Betula nigra
• Nyssa sylvatica
• Carya ovata
• Ostrya virginiana
• Catalpa speciosa
[Coniferous Pockets]
• Picea omorika
• Celtis occidentalis
• Pinus sylvestris
• Cercis canadensis
• Quercus bicolor
• Chioanthus virginicus
[Spring Blooms]
• Quercus macrocarpa
• Crataegus viridis ‘Winter King’
• Syringa reticulata ‘Ivory Silk’
• Hamamelis virginiana
Common Hackberry Zelkova
Key
2 Witchhazel 2 Transplant Witchhazel 2 Common Hackberry Black Maple Serviceberry
Winter King Hawthorn
Pole
Pole
2 Tuliptree
Rotated Park Sign
Pole
Pole
d Wire s
Overh ea
Black Gum
Mowed Lawn, Existing No Mow Lawn, Future
4 Transplant Crabapple
Pole
3 Serviceberry
ansplant Bur Oak
• Taxodium distichum
Redbud Bur Oak
Scotch Pine
Serviceberry
3 Transplant Buckeye
Black Maple 3 Shagbark Hickory Winter King Hawthorn
3 Silver Linden Canadian Hemlock
Utility Access
3 Riv 3 Eas Ceda
SHELTER-SEED
35
Typology
Disaster Response, Community Design
Location
Warm Weather Climates
Media
Rhinoceros, Photoshop
Overview
Refugees are exposed to dangers from extreme temperatures, weather, privation, disease, and pests. Assistance with shelter often comes in the form of non-durable, uniform, temporary housing. Shelter-Seed is rapidlydeployable and modular emergency housing that creates an individualized response to refugees’ needs and serves as a germination strategy for permanent relocation.
Basic Unit
Corner Detail
Sunbrella Fabric Roof Panel Securable Bolt
Wood/Composite Boards Secured with Mechanical A achment
Roof Chassis
Extruded Corner Post
Floor Unit
Support Rods
ASSEMBLY
Pre-Fab Wall Panel
Hand-Tightened Mechanical A achment Stretched Fabric Wall Panel Frame
Support Rod Receiver Channel
Spacing Plate (Removed A er Se ng Support Rods)
Wall Panels
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SOLID Opaque Par
STRETCHED FABRIC on.
Translucent Par
on.
EXTERIOR DOOR Securable Threshold.
DRAPED FABRIC Open Threshold.
CONNECTOR Unifying Threshold.
Private Space Semi-Private Space (Family) Semi-Public Space Single Unit Roof Occupants: 1 Living Space: 100 sf
Occupants: 2-3 Living Space: 300 sf
Occupants: 6-8 Living Space: 800 sf
Cooking Pit
Quad Unit Roof Occupants: 3-4 Living Space: 400 sf
Occupants: 3-5 Living Space: 500 sf
Occupants: 6-10 Living Space: 1,000 sf
Occupants: 9-10 Living Space: 1,200 sf
Occupants: 8-15 Living Space: 1,500 sf
Occupants: 6-10 Living Space: 1,000 sf
Occupants: 6-11 Living Space: 1,200 sf
Occupants: 11-15 Living Space: 1,600 sf
Physical Provision
Neighborhood Orientation
Each unit is a 10’x10’ square that combines with other units to create larger dwellings. An array of wall panels create varying levels of privacy, security, light, and air flow depending on refugees’ needs. A prefabricated floor and waterproof fabric roof provides shelter from the elements and waterborne illnesses. Fabric panels are available in a range of colors to give refugees a sense of ownership and personalization in their dwelling.
Community Planning Refugee camps often persist much longer than intended, so Shelter-Seed is designed to be a starting point for permanent communities: • • • •
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Dwelling units can be easily repaired, customized, or augmented with vernacular building materials. Camp sites are chosen based on natural resources and conditions. Camps are planned with dedicated public open spaces, commercial districts, and pathways. Order is created via hierarchy of spaces from private to semi-public to public.
Dwelling Assemblies
Neighborhood Block Collector Path
Camp Structure Ecological or Geological Feature
Civic Hub and Gathering Space Distribu on and Facili es Center
Public Space
Neighborhood Blocks Collector Path
Main Axis
Post-Emergency Community
SKETCHES
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PHOTOGRAPHY
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Nicholas Buesking 363 Clementi Ave. 2 #12-427 ¡ Singapore 120363 ¡ nbuesking@gmail.com