GENEVA: Strategic potentials, Geneva, Switzerland by nickireckziegel

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D~~ATIONS UNIES A GENEVE

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~N SYNTHESIS

1954 ORGANISATION EUR DPEENN E POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE

1951. COMITE INTERG~~ER NEMENTAL POUR LES MIGRATIONS 1952 , DISTINCTION B!Jf'4JEEN VILLAS ZON ES VS AGRICUTLTURALZONES

194~ : URBAN ,

d~wntown 1947• UNION INTERN J ONALE DES TELECDM,MllNirATIDN~ 1948 ORGANISATION M NDIALE DE LA SANTE

1946: OFFICE

Jfd

lmplosion-exp~oJion process Automobile org~~izes the city Hous1ng d1stncts If the per1phery 1974-76 crisis: of industry in town Finance and dec1j ib n headquaters in~ade

1945- 19'75 Fordist Functionalism

.,, -;t' Project << Le genevois fran~ais » 1967

10,884

DE PROTECTION CIVILE

ginning of Liberal-Productivism

2001 . ACTION PLAN 2011 -2020

2011: CANTONNAL MASTERPLAN 2030

d:OOPERATION ET D"INFORMATION POUR LE IIJTb ntA.TIONAL LUTTE CONTRE LE SIDA. LA TUBERCULOSE

e center on periphery rban colonization beyond the border :building the city in the periphery

metropolis

l-Productivist blooming

on project for Geneva

JIONAL DES TEXTILES ET DE l"HABILLEMENT

r-roo;o; ~hli rder

Building the town Green protection agricultural belt Against the aut 500 meters

Swiss Federal Council and the Government on the protectiOn of the waters of Lake

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DE LA PROPRIETE i"NTELLECTUELLE

.Ej' JROPEENNE DE LIBRE-ECHANGE

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Cross-border metropolis Counter-project Group 500m 2010

Urban extension project for Geneva Counter -project Group 500m 1989

GENEVE PLAGE ARCH673 I M1 -COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO /WINTER 2013 DIRECTED BY TALIA DORSEY Geneva, Switzerland

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ATLAS OF THE CRITICAL MOMENT

[PHASE I 1

GENEVA AT A GLANCE

[ 12 l

GENEVE-PLAGE , GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

[ 14]

UNIQUISM

[ 16 l

LIMITISM

[ 18 l

FUTURISM

[ 28]

DENSITISM

[ 30 l

MONEYISM & PROSPERISM

[ 42]

GLOBALISM

[ 60 l

M ULTIC ULTU RALISM

[ 66]

SPATIAL -DATAISM

[ 80 l

ACCESSISM

[ 90 l

LAKE ISM

[ 98]

CITIZENISM

[ 114]

[PHASE II 1

STRATEGIC MASTER PLANS

[ 123 l [ 143 l

GREEN CITY I THE AVALANCHE

[ 167]

CIRCULAR CITY I THE ARCHIPELAGO

LINEAR CITY I THE EDGE

[PHASE Ill] ARCHITECTURAL PROPOSALS [ 199 l

KELLY-ANNE CAULFIELD

[ 223]

VERONICA SONCINI

[ 237]

VINCENT DESY

[ 251 l

CHIH YING WONG

[ 263]

YOUSEF FARASAT

[ 279]

LYNDSAY TOWNSEND

[ 295]

ELO"i"SE CHOQUETTE

[ 309]

MAXIME DUVAL

[ 323]

BRIAN MUTHALIFF

[ 339]

NICKI RECKZIEGEL

[ 351 l

EVE LACHAPELLE

[ 365]

JOSIANE CRAMPE 9

•

PHASE I

ATLAS OF THE CRITICAL MOMENT Geneva, Switzerland

Number of heads of government

Swtt zerland stn ce 1964 20 , In t he Un tted Sates 5

Number of Ca rrter ptgeons the Swtss Army maintain s for eme rgency comm uni cat ions in wartim e 20,000

Chances that a Swiss army knife produced this year will be bought by the Swiss Army: 1 in 400 Mtntmum amount a Swtss bank lost last November because of a typtng error $100 ,000 ,000

Number of official languages in Switzerland: 3 Year that ftrst recorded a mentton of Geneva tn Jultus Caesar's De Bello Galltco 58 B C

Number of foreign immigrants coming to Geneva in 2011: 20,162 Number of foretgn tmmt gra nts leavtng Geneva tn 20 11 16,348 Percentage of Non-Swtss Res tdents tn the Ca nton of Geneva 40% Perce ntage of Non- Swtss Restde nts in the Commune of Geneva 47%

Percent drop in citizenship applications recorded in 2008: 30.3% Deepest po in t of Lake Geneva 309 .7m Total surface area of Lake Geneva 580.1 km2 Total vo lu me of Lake Geneva 89 km 3

Number of years it takes for Lake Geneva to renew its water: 11 to 12 years Percentage of Lake Ge neva t hat falls tn Ge neva 6%

Percentage of Genevans Lake Geneva provides with potable water: 66% Percentage of natu ral shores that border Lake Geneva 2% Percentage of farmland tn the Ca nton of Geneva 1.5%

Number of passengers handled by Geneva airport in 2010: 11,785,522

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAN D

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Once 18'h century baths, Geneve-Plage has evolved mto a h1ghly used publ1c spaceInCreasingly 1mbncated w1th1n the urban fabnc and culture of Geneva. Establish ed 1n 1ts modern form 1n 1932, the public beach has evolved deLiberately [e.g. the add1t1on of an OlympiC-Sized sw1mm1ng pool 1n 1972] as much as organically, and now stands as a palimpsest of decades of publ1c use and cultu r e.

Th ough rooted 1n trad1t1on, the 1932 development of Geneve-Plage was a deeply m odern celebrat1o n of renewed not 1ons of c iv1c spa ce, collect1ve partJC lpatJon , and well-bemg in the post-depression era. Complete w1th beach access, bo at and sun umbre lla renta ls, pmg pong t ables, pub l1c cha ngmg rooms and fac JlJt Jes , cafes, eve nt s paces [fas hion s hows were common] , d1V1ng platforms a nd more, t he publ 1c s pace was ms tantly embraced by the Genevo1s. Its modern1ty of use was equa lly expressed 1n 1ts form and matenal1ty-striped umbrellas and styl1zed ephemera set against concrete st ructures bu1Lt upon recla1med Land. The architecture-an equal express1on of t he civ1c sp1nt of the time-IndiVIdual chang1ng rooms al1gned collectively and methodically to form the threshold between beach and street. Today the beach Js st1ll a h1ghly popular site, a nd one the few po1nts of comprehensive access to the lake [w1thm the urban area of Geneva, only 2% of the waterfront 1s accessible] Adjacent to a pnvate yacht club, 1t 1s accessed by the c1ty's dwellers by road, publ1c t ransport, lake paths, water tax 1s and public boats ["mouettes"]. In 2004, the La rgest u ndergroun d parkmg struc tu re 1n Geneva was bu1lt alongs1de 1t. Thought extens1ve ly used, the 42 ,000m 2 s1t e JS a tangle of functions, s paces, and fac ilit ies . The success1ve Intervent ions are traces of decades of civ1c act 1vity and use , however t hey have rendered the s1te 's s pat ial plan large ly 1lleg ible and rather dysfunctional . Th e nature of the s1te 's use , alo ng w1th the face of 1ts VISit ors [as of all of Geneva] have also c ha nged And impo rtantly, th e strateg ic potent1al of t he s 1te in conte mpo rary te r ms, 1s currently underserv1ced and underexplo 1ted.

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

GENEVE-PLAG E

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The urban region ass;che offiCial boundanes of the City Its associated urban of the City of fabric suggestmg that the City e? The definition, meaning and no rupture In the ur an t ties What then, IS Geneva . d Is Geneva a borderless development are sho.uld be, exa mined and the urban region that signification of the appe . l r social ent it les shape, de me ty? What physlca l, polltlca o .be referred to as Geneva?

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gcooobo~t ~ ~ tru e particu larly near ~ni :eslgnlfic~ntly blu rri ng t he bound~ry t~ work , disrega rding the th is urb an developmen h b rder to Switzerland every ay

urban sprawl occurnng

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, PLAGE I GENEVA SWITZERLAND Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE

. Urban Zones In Geneva an d Surrounding Regions

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"to ' reoot'oo ro ressing at the expense of the greeobelt, to Geneva work, theto This urban development, p gAs more a nd more people come t fast gentnflcatlon of the housmg CriSIS In the escalat ing prices are oea the urban developm e nt ""'"'Lob '''ty of boo t:ol"g o if,oootly 'heo peri ore,; '" the Lorger Geom the City and a Geneva". There are two genera n s raw l: [1) denslfylng the referred to as The . criSIS a nd Its attac hed urba p d [2) to encroach on the region regard ing the keep and protect the gree nbe lt, an In the City Ce nter, at "istrog borlt eowoomeo orowth As s goo erst '" Le, peo ple s hoo ld be protected greeobelt '" f"or of orb so regro o, belrew thot io perip hery of the orty the very heart of the . h ld be dens lfled, while peop g nt The po pulation a nd th at the urban hoouuld be sacrificed to urb an s hou ld be protected, be lieve th.at the greenbe sb lt wou ld be fro m the first opinion t .b te to loca l eco nomy. 路路 the green e h l they co n r1 u . actu ally llvmg In . ff th eir agricu ltura l la nd, w I e h eneral political climate In smce most peop le This attitude towards t e g reenbelt d . sregisters a re to thewell leftWithin at Cityteeengt e rand gradually progress to

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Geneva: Indeed, political t~tn etnhc~eoute r penphery of the urban region. ce nter, and to political ng In

, Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GE NEVA. SWITZERLAND

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The general City Center to Its urban are well defined , environment flows ll fades into agnculturalland. Th d s ace Since they lay In France until It gradua y d . s they a re flexible In time an p d's the greenbelt. The ' h e boun ane 路 . h tt tude towar yet porous. If t ere arf th region With, at Its heart, t e ah I nbelt and densifying the the political climate o eat the moment , IS to protect t e gree official position of the City, h t he future of Geneva lays. bu ilt envlronmen.t This IS w ere

, Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GE NEVA. SWITZERLAND

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DIENSITISM: A SPACE

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Although rt is an urb anrzed co u ntry, Switzerland IS co llage of urb an, su burban and ru ral eleme nts wh rch , tog ether, form a dense mu lti- co re pa tchwor k of different agg lomerat ions . Its urban forms of livrng express very different c haracterist ics depend ing on t he reg ron . Thrs is du e to t he fact th at every u rb an d evelopme nt IS s haped by the complex intera ction of drfferent factors, su ch as cultu re, po li tics, eco nomy, s patial organrzat io n and susta rnable develo pment. These facto rs ca n be ext ern al- from con tr guous co unt r ies suc h as France , It aly or Germany- or f rom wrthrn th e urban system- f rom the cit res.

Switzer lan d's attit ude towards urban deve lopment has been revea led as qu it e d rfferent f rom t hat of ot her Europe an countrres. Cha ract emed by t he term "spec rfic urban ism ", it reflects a genera l cu lture of caution and conse rvatism when decrs ions are mad e about th e t emtory. In m et ropol it an regrons or crties as brg as Gen eva , th e res istance towards dens ity, herg ht , m ass , and concent rati ons IS havrng u nanim ous s u pport among t he population . Ge nevors are t hr ifty abou t t he ir land and respec tful to the ir pat rrmon ral burlt heritage . Work ing mostly wrt h trad it iona l patte rns , th rs ph enom enon led for the past decades to a s low urban developm ent Howeve r, recent tre nds have occurred th at contrad ict t he co nve ntio na l cliche of th rs country's prove rb ra l s lown ess and res istance to change of all kind s

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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An historical retrospe ctive of Ge neva's u rban developm ent s hows t ha t the c1ty w e nt throu g h several phases of plann1ng s1nce the last century. Four ma1n categories have be en identifi es to illust rate t he urba n planning challe nges Urbanis m for th e c ity propose s all clas s1cal interventions from stre ets grid layout to public spaces and tra nspo rtat1o n;

Urban is m against the c1ty the '30s penod was characterized by radical and rationalist proJ ects that advocate the su bst1tu t io n of th e ex istin g c 1ty by new u rban layouts a nd new urban f unctions [nearly a tabula rasa), Urban is m outs ide the c1ty [ 1945/ 1975) urban growth in the post Secon d World war period known as Th e Thirty glorious , led t o the deve lopm ent of peripheral c1t1es [suburbs). centered a round the expans ion of auto-or1ented and low-density development; and now, Urbanism 1n the c ity, a counterpoint to the urban sprawl that propose a dens1ficat ion of the bu ilt e nv ironm ent in res pons e to th e cont inua l urban g rowth and the shorta ge of land ava1lable for new constru ct ions .

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZ ERLAND

The urban reg ion of Ge neva IS d1vided by the 'g ree nbelt'- a large, almos t u ntou cha ble, agricultural and forested area . The 'greenbelt' surrounds and Isola tes the c1ty center and its contiguous neighborhoods from the suburbs . Moreover, th e ta ngles of communal and ca nt ona l polit ics do not support the harmonious development of the u r ban area of Geneva. Recently, th e commu nes have even been lab eled as an 'ant ibody against c1t ies' In t hat se nse , t he City of Geneva rema1 ns co mpact and 1ts development is t urn ed towa rds Lake Ge neva . The urban strategy fo llowing the mod el "bu 1ld 1ng t he c1ty 1n t he c1ty ", IS reflected in t he des1re t o reinforce the ex ist ing bu ilt environment In that sense , the ' 'borderless" effect ex plored at a larger scale (with cont iguous countries such as Fran ce or It aly) is reve a led t o be unclear at a s m aller scale. On o ne hand, co ncrete act ions to dens ify the c 1ty w il l be undertaken instea d of developing new lan ds. The rezoning of city blocks is propos1ng to ra ise existi ng bu ild 1ng he ights and regional ra ilro ad areas are und er exam1nat1on to be redeveloped . On t he oth er hand , projects to conve rt inaccess ible bo rders of Lake Gen eva 1nto publ1c beaches and boardwalks ar e now be 1ng developed A 400m beach along the lake 1n the Eaux-V1ves ne ighborhood plus a 3.5 ha ve getal park on the Lake reveal th at th e Lake IS not see n as a l1m1t to u rban development but as a potent ial solut ion to extend the city. N evertheless , these projects and actions seem to rema1n shy solut ions in response to cr1t1 cal issues l1ke t he hou s1ng shortage and populat ion growt h. The popu lat ion of Geneva w1ll have to seek other solut ions if they want to avo id any u ncontroll ed develo pmen ts

; DIENER, R. et a l. [2006), La Su1sse portrait urba1n , ETH St udi o Basel , lnst 1tu t pour la Ville con t emporaine, Basel B1rkhauser ;, LEVEIL LE, A [2003), ProJets d' urban1sme pour Geneve , 1896- 2001 , Chene- Bourg, CH Ed1t 1ons M&H ;;; See arti cle Geneva or t he borderll ess) c1ty by Eve Lachapelle.

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZ ERLAND

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~ MONEYISM AND PROSPERISM ?f@a

An interestmg as pect of Geneva is its cont1nuous relations w1th 1ts ne1ghbours. Through history, relat1ons w1th the confederation of Switzerland, France and the Savoy area have been t1nted by the c 1ty's strong will for mdepende nee. The popu lat1on has changed in vanous ways and rel1g 10n has mod 1f1ed the mternat1onal relat1ons as much as the dynam1sm between c1t1zens . A spec1al relat 1onship with France has been created through the rel1g1ous wars between Cathol1cs and Protestants, Geneva being protestant and having the hearth of the relig1on w1th the presence of Jean Calvm, "elevatmg Geneva as the protestant Rome." Through these t1 mes, two seperate waves of French protestant 1mm1g ra nts have come t o th e c1 ty, th us res hap1ng its future.

Beyo nd this bnef moment 1n Ge neva 's h1 story, 1t IS th e demographiCS of Geneva th at have generated most of the ma m eve nts that have changed t he course of 1ts history. Today, h1story IS embedded in the Sw1ss c1t1 zen, but Geneva IS evolvin g and new waves of internat1onal1mmigratlon have been reshapmg Geneva since the 1920s. The newcomers are mostly Involved in the ad mm1strat1on of compames around the world, non-governmental organ1zat1ons, and t he Un1ted nat1ons. The mternat1onal1mplication of Geneva goes ba ck to the end of the 19'h century. Switzerland pos1t1oned 1tself as a neutral country dunng the f1rst World war and Geneva sought the poss1b1l1ty to take part 1n th e reshap1 ng of the world peace forces. Today the c1ty center IS stagnant in populat1on; the construction of new apartments does not meet the mcreas1ng demand dnven ma1nly by the mternat1onal employees of the d1verse organ1sat1ons. As a result of the lack of accomodat1ons, the rent 1n the city center is now expensive wh1le the mcome IS one of t he lowest of the canton.

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Population Growth D rease b(Commune Percentage Increase or ec / •

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~ MONEYISM AND PROSPERISM ~

New fam1l1es, both fore1gners and Swiss c1t1zens, have a tenden cy to leave the center of the Canton for the adJa cent area. The housing crisis 1n the center and 1ts assoc1ated 1ncreas1ng rent pnces dnve new families to settle in the penmeter of the c1ty 1n order to mamtam a good qual1ty of l1fe.

The communes on e1ther s1de of Lac Leman , close to the per1meter of the city of Geneva, are facmg a natural de crease in the ir popula t ion . Th1s is asso ciated w1th new developments in the villa and ag ricu ltura l zones where land and property is expe ns1ve and the dema nd IS ris mg

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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Many factors could be responsible for the "unnatural" populat1on sh1fts 1n Geneva. For Instance, Intercommunal m1gration and the flow towards the "other Geneva" should be cons1dered regard1ng th1s movement. Moreover, Geneva IS contmuously refresh1ng its populat1on w1th mternat1onal1mm1grants. Many foreigners come to work 1n the Canton of Geneva for short penods of time, anywhere from 3 months to a few years. The number of newcomers per year in Geneva 1s close to 12,500 people. Meanwh1le , nearly 13,500 people a re leavmg the c1ty.

What is t he im portance of Intern ational perso ns in Ge neva 's human landscape, development, ne1g hbor hood and culture?

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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The sit1ng of the h1ghest percentage of the population over 65 corroborates the decreas e 1n the natural growth 1n these areas. The maJority of the populat1on 1n these areas 1s a bove 50 years old and the followmg waves are 1n the1r 40s. Th1s ag mg popu lat1on 1s not yet ready to Leave 1ts valued land, assoc1ated w1th some of the best of the Canton of Geneva. Equally, the communes w1th the h1ghest natural growth rates are those w1th a nearly non-existent over 65 population . New commun1t 1es are slowly taking control of some co mmunes and reshapmg th em towards the fa m1ly typo logy.

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Population Aged Over 65 Percentage by Commune •

>20% 17 to 19% 14 to 16% 11 to 13% 8 to 10%

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The city center of Geneva IS active center w1th nearly two th1rd of the popu lat1on of age to study or work. Th1s 1s the center of economy, tourism, banks as well as the many 1nternat1onal organ1zat1ons. Geneve-Plage, though located 1n the Cologny commune, 1s st1ll very close to the c1ty center and could thus become a target place for act1ve people, including tounsts and International employees.

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Population Aqed 20 to 64 Percentage by Commune •

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~ MONEYISM AND PROSPERISM ~

The youth have left the c1ty. Just as new fam1lies are not settlmg 1n the c1ty center, young people are also 1n the suburbs. The flow of the young profess1onal fam1l1es out of the city 1s not a recent problem; the housing cris1s has ex1sted for many years and has not seen improvement. However, new pol1c1es of urban development are attempting to dens1fy the center of the city and the border1ng r1ng Sectio ns of la nd adJacent t o Geneve-Plage could be develop ed and densified. Could the d1splaced you ng fami l1 es be a t arget clientele? Or rat herw1ll it develops mto apartme nts for emp loyees of mter nat1onal compan 1es? Moreove r, does th e city actually ne ed to be developed and dens1fied? Or sho uld t his ba lance of s u pp ly and dema nd be preserved? Is th 1s a part of the Genevan identity?

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Population Aqed 0 to 19 Percentage by Commune •

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The Canton of Geneva compnses commu nes with vaned financ 1almcomes. The c1ty center and the maJonty of the f1rst nng surroundmg Geneva have lowest mcome 1n the Canton.

The nght bank of the lake, next to the Place des Nat1ons and the 1mpos1ng Europea n headquarters of the United Nations, revea ls a net increase 1n the fmanc1al w ealth of the encompassed commu nes. The urb an developments on t his shore benef1t from on e of th e most scen1c v1ews of the m ount ams a nd t he Lake Lema n. The prox1mity to the intern at iona l quarte r IS a key aspect t o 1ts success. Th e left bank of the lake bo asts th e top med 1a n 1ncome per person. Va nd oeuvres and Co logny are zones of V1llas a nd agr1cu ltu re . Th ese are t he la rge propert ies from the late 19th ce ntu ry th at we re prese rved from 1ntense developme nt. The n a nd now , t h1s area has been less connect ed w1t h the rest of Sw1tzerland. The reg ion encou rages th e deve lopment of ret reats w ith a connect 1on to the lake. Pro pe rty values 1n t h1s area, part icu larly close r to the lake, have reach unprecedent ed he1ghts. Individual fore1gn mvestments in the real- estate of Cologny are reshapmg t he m a rket , slowly removmg the poss1b1l1ty for new fa mil1es to afford access . In r ecent years, the European economy has started to sh1ft and mvestors are gomg to Sw1tzerland to protect the1r money from fisca l reforms . Real-estate developers are procla1m1ng that Geneva IS becoming a second Monaco.

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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~~ The perception and focus on globalism is a defining quality of the identity of Geneva and, ultimately, informs the notion of localism within the city. The city of Geneva contains the headquarters of numerous highly important international organizations, corporations, and financial institutions. The associated jobs draw thousands of expatriate professionals to the city, creating a unique demographic situation in which Geneva is inhabited by almost as many foreigners as its Swiss citizens. This condition poses the questions: How can one be ' local' in a city that is so focused on 'global' and how does this impact the meaning of being Genevois? Geneva is a product of its history; it began as a place of trade, a centralized node within Europe. It served as a meeting place and a place of commerce, strategically located at the con flue nee of the Rive Rhone and Lac Geneva. The ancestors of today's Swiss Genevois may well have come to Geneva centuries ago to trade. Throughout history, the city functioned largely as an independent entity, and fought to remain that way despite being conquered various times. The city of Geneva, within the Canton of Geneva, became a part of the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) in 1814. International Corporations

Financial! nstitutions

Global Organizations

AT&T International Autodesk Bacardi Martini Caterpillar Colgate-Palmolive Columbia Sportswear DuPont Electronic Arts The Gillette Company Hughes Aircraft Lexmark International Polo Ralph Lauren Proctor & Gamble Rolex

American Bank Express lNG Bank Citibank Credit Suisse Duetsche Bank Dow Europe Ernst & Young JP Morgan Lloyds Bank Merrill Lynch International PriceWaterhouse Cooper Royal Bank of Canada

United Nations Organization International Labour Organization World Trade Organization International Committee of the Red Cross Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change International Bureau of Education European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) World Intellectual Property Organization International Law Commission International Telecommunication Union

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~~ The city of Geneva that exists today is still a centralized node, and has evolved into a global meeting place and a stronghold of democratic society. It is the European headquarters of the United Nations, among other major international organizations and agencies. It contains the headquarters to many of the world's significant financial institutions- some of which can trace their origins to Geneva's early history as a trade city. It also contains the headquarters to many international corporations, who are drawn by an attractive tax structure in addition to Switzerland's political stability, neutral stance and central location. Accordingly, these international corporations and organizations bring thousands of expatriate employees to Geneva. Over the last fifty years, not only has the total population increased steadily, but the proportion of Non-Swiss residents has steadily increased as well.

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Swiss vs Non-Swiss Population 1950-2000 •

Population of Non-Swiss

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Population of Swiss

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~~ So what does it mean to be Local when so many of the Local resources and infrastructure are focused on the global scale? Popular sentiment in articles addressing Geneva's sociocultural fabric claim that Geneva has 'no soul', because it Lacks a dominant cohesive identity and demographic. But perhaps it should be considered that globalism is the soul of Geneva. On the website 'Glocals.com', a networking site for expatriates- referred to as "international Locals"- in Swiss cities, the focus of many of the forums is on sharing Language, music and ethnic experiences. These new Genevois embrace the multicultural, global community as an integral part of experiencing their new city. Perhaps, to support Localism in Geneva, you must believe in and support the global presence. These implications must be considered carefully when approaching new development and design in Geneva. If one extrapolates on recent historical population data it is evident that Non-Swiss residents will represent a significant and increasing percentage of the design audience, and should be reflected in any new proposals. As initial newcomers, perhaps they will be more inclined to explore the city of Geneva, connect with the global community and embrace the history of the city. WiLL these gLobally oriented foreigners, in fact, become the new definition of Genevois?

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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Each year, the c1ty of Geneva organ1zes a welcome ceremony to greet new residents and inv1te them to JOIn the 1nter nat1o nal body of Geneva In order to understand what the newcomers think of Geneva, each newcomer was asked to voice the1r impression and opin1 on about the c1ty Interestingly: many of them share a common exper1ence and sense of Geneva People are attracted by the h1gh quality of l1fe, JOb opportunities, multiculturalism, urban green space, events, festivals, and freed om of expression Most of them hope to find professional success and l1ve a calm and healthy life w1th their family Most newcomers are young professionals and students who Intend to pursue the1r education or caree r 1n an exceptionally 1nter nat1 ona l environment. Most graduates go on to become employees of the world organ1zat1ons 1n Geneva Desp1te the attraction of JOb opportunities and the high quality of life, newcomers discover certain negative aspects such the h1gh cost of l1v1ng, the heavy traffic Jams, the dense urban environment and some encounter 1ssues of language barriers People from all over the world move to Geneva, but Europeans occupy the highest percentage due t o the cu ltural s1mi lar1ty and the travel prox1m1ty

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"They were surprised by the prtce, but appreciate the green space for fam1l1tes The couple hopes to f1nd a nursery place for their children and thanked the Geneva -es for their warm welcome."

"They particularly apprec iated the many opportu n 1t ies that Geneva had, 1nclud1ng recreation, concerts and events. They reg ret, however, the high pr1ces. Later theywilllearn French and find a JOb "

"She f1nds the city fabulous although regrets that the Sw1ss and the mt ernat1ona l have little contact. She hopes to live a serene, happy and fulfilled life"

"Both were surprised by t he weath er, the divers1ty and exCitement of t he c1ty. Safety and pnofess1onal success is w hat they hope for th e future"

"H e moved to Geneva for w or k and has a great first 1mpress1on of t he c1ty"

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

SPAIN

VALAIS

NICARAGUA

THAILAND

BARCELONA

. Isabel came With her family to Geneva 1n particular for Its mu lt1cultural1sm The friendly people and the diversity of the City IS what they have seen as . most significant Since their arrival She hopes to ~tay here w 1th her fam1ly

"The openness of the people IS the first th~ng he noticed about Geneva-es. For him, Geneva is a little capital of the wor ld' In which he fee ls at home. He hopes to cont~nue to live here afd thanks the Geneya-es or their hospitality.

"Freedom o f expression and security were the most important elements upon her arrival She hopes to f1nd a JO b and Integrate 1n~o the population of Geneva.

"She came to Geneva to mary. Altho ugh the co untry is beaut iful, she confesses to be surprised by t he a resslveness of drive rs. 1n she hopes t? lead a happy life 1n Geneva

"Jose came With his family to Geneva for work. The order and qua l1ty of l1fe were things that they were partlcular1y surfrlsed hlth upon arrival Al th re.: ope to Integrate qu1ckly

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She finds the city fabulous although regrets that the Swiss and the international have little contact. She hopes to live a serene, happy and fulfilled life. Remarks from a new Genevan

~ MULTICULTURALISM ~

Over the summer months, from May- September, urban space w1th1n the City of Geneva takes on a new l1fe . Annual festivals an1mate the streets w1th a d1verse array of cultural act1v1t1es, tendmg to a broad demographic of age, gender and ethn1c1ty. The largest public event IS the Fetes de Geneve, a month long festival begmnmg m1d-June, organ1zed to celebrate Sw1ss Nat1onal Day on August 1st. Th1s enormous street party remvigorates the public space along the southern tip of Lake Geneva. It 1s comprised of over 200 shows, 180 food stalls, numerous organized events and eve n a ca r n1val. Trad1t10ns such as the Miss Geneva Fest1va l, wa1ters and wa itress's race, and an exceptional f1rework extravaganza, occur annually to commemorate Ge neva's cu lt ural heritage. Fetes de Ge neve serves as a ve nu e t o brmg together the peop le of Gen eva, bo nd1ng soc1ety through commo n mte rest as m eans to u n1fy its multi cultural soc1ety as a w hole Cultural tradit1ons are very much ce lebrated m Geneva and the Fete de la Feu1lle is a clear example of that Smce 1818 the c1t1zens of Geneva have honored the belief that spring is deemed offic1al at the f1rst sight of budd1ng leaves on a h1stonc chestnut tree along the Promenade de la Tre1lle. Much l1ke the weste rn folklore of Groundhog Day, th1s event that usually occurs m1d-Marc h, IS commemorated by a fest1ve hol1day ent1tled Fete de la Feuille. Dunng th1s t1me, the urban space along the Promenade de la Tre1lle IS programmed with numerous act1v1t1es and decorated in the ant1c1pat1on of spnng . Fest1vals based on h1storic trad1t1on are 1mportant m the preservat1on of the cultural hentage w1th1n a c1ty compnsed of very few nat1ve mhab1ta nts. L'Escalade 1s an annual festival that commemorates the horrific surpnse attack on Geneva in 1602. The event cons1sts of a h1stonc reenactment, a parade and a walk/run through the stre ets of the old c1ty. These types of events provide the opportun1ty both for nat1ves to reflect on and new mhab1tants to learn about Geneva's rich hist or ic past

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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In 2004, Geneva's department of cultu ral affa1rs conducted a survey on Cultu ra l practices in the Canton of Geneva. The objective of the study was to 1dent1fy so c1ety's current enga gement 1n cultural act1v1t1es as a way to better real1ze 1ts potent1al. A total of 800 res1dents were asked, "What cultural event would you l1ke to see create or expand pnority in the canton of Geneva?" a Large maJonty were in favor of more outdoor stre et fest1vals opposed to formal theatrical events. La Ville est aVous is a ne1g hbourhood stree t party, organ1zed by the res 1de nts as a way t o celebrate Geneva's cu ltu ral d1ve rs 1ty. The event prov ides res1dentsw1th the u n1 que o pport un 1ty to reclaim a nd rev1ta l1ze pub l1c spa ce, fill ing the streets w 1th s hops, food stan ds and cu ltu ra l entert ainme nt. It promotes the freedom of cu ltural ex press iOn, Inv it ing res1de nts to d1scover and s hare the ir own way of life. The 1nform al at mo sph ere of th is event encourages t ogetherness, close ness and s har ing, thus diffus ing cultural bou nda r ies w1th in Geneva 's m u lt icu ltu ra l d 1ve rse soc iety.

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE OESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~ MULTICULTURALISM ~

An annual event that acts to blur cultural and geog rap hical bounda ries , is t he annual boat ra ce ca lled Bol d'or M1rabaud. The race spans across Lake Ge neva , engag 1ng spectators from both Switzerland and Fra nce as it passes 19 Sw iss and 7 Fre nc h Cities . When it was f1rst orga n1zed 1n 1939, the race cons isted of only 26 part 1c1pants. It now ex1sts as a fou r-d ay event attracting ove r 200 comp etitors f ro m var1ous cou nt ries around th e world. Bol d'or M1rabaud IS celebrated for t he sense of global un1ty that IS embodied as people from all around the world are drawn together by a com mon Interest

Geneva 's multicultu ra l character br ings a unique laye r of r 1chness and vitality to t he City's numerous cultural eve nts . Each cu ltura l celebrati on brmgs a new identity to t he st reets of Geneva and provides 1mm1grants w 1th th e perfect opportunity to inte grate th emse lves into society. However, due to climatiC restrictio ns , very few fest ivals occu r ove r the w inter months. Dur1ng th1s t1me there IS an emphasis towards exclu sive events su ch as t heat re performances , bus iness conferences and indoor sports. Thus, th ro ughout th e w inter, th e sense of cu ltural un 1f1 cat1on and celebration t hat 1s so preva lent dur1ng the summer 1s very much lost Is th ere a w ay to sustain th1s sense of commun 1ty during the w 1nter mo nths when fest 1va ls aren't going on?

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUD IO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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The map ent1tled W1nter Events Around Lake Geneva, illustrates the organ1zat1on of cultural and recreat1onal act1v1t1es at a macro scale. It shows the pro m1 nen ce of 1ndoor cultural events w1thm the communes that surround the lake and outdoor re creational act1v1t1es 1n d1stant rural areas s1 nee wmter act1V1t1es such as excu rs1ons, snow shoe1ng and sk11 ng occur outs1de of dense c1ty centers, people are drawn inland, away from the lake. Thus, there exists a cultural d1ssocia!lon from the water durmg the winter months.

A sim1lar trend can be seen in the ma ps that show th e organizat ion of cultural events w1thm the ca nton of Ge neva accord ing t o seaso n. In th e wmter, a m aJority of the cultu ral events occur w ith in t he context of the old c1ty. Thus , th ere ex ists a dec rease in pedes! ri a n act 1v1ty along th e Lake durin g th e w 1nte r. Curre ntly, Geneve-Plage IS very muc h a su mmer rec reat iona l fac 1L1ty, fac iLit at in g act 1v1t1es such as sw1mmmg, water sk1ing and outdoo r spo rts . As a resu lt of its spec1fied use, t he beach 1s on ly open from the months of May to September. Through our proJect. wh1ch 1s mte nded to redesign and revitalize the urban space of Geneve-Plage, we must f1nd an mnovat1ve solut1on to how th1s s1te could serve programmatiC means all year round.

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~ SPATIAL-DATAISM ~

"For me, publ1c spaces are places of confl1ct, of clashes, but 1n the pos1t1ve sense, of coex1stence, cohab1tat1on. Confl1 cts and clashes take 1nto cons1derat1on the Interests of the d1fferent soc1al categones that l1ve there . There are different systems at play... For me, the street 1s not only a publ1c space, but 1t 1s also a place for overflow, or sp1ll-over, wh1ch IS vis 1ble. " Remy Pagan1, Former Mayor of t he C1ty of Geneva I

Th e sca le of the C1ty of Ge neva co mpa red to most of the world's bus1est c1t 1es 1s qu 1te smal l. S1tt ing at the key of th e Rhone R1ver and ho me to th e Un1ted Nat1ons and ma ny more worldly Influ enced ope rations, Geneva IS argu ab ly one of the most if not t he most 1nte rn at 1ona lly renow ned c1ty . W1th all the 1nte rn at10 na l attent 10n that the po pu latlo n of 188,000 rece 1ves, 1t br mgs 1n t o que st1o n what values the c1t 1zen of Ge neva attams, where the lme between local and globa l cultu re IS draw n (if a ny], and how a Geneva n m ight operate da1ly under the pressure of havmg such mfluent1al organ1zat1ons 1n co-existence. M1chel Certeau suggests 1n 'The Pract 1ce of Everyday L1fe' that the use Publ1c Space w1th1n c1t1es can often descnbe the culture that ex1sts through 1ts occupation and use. Through the use of "PLANET PHOTOS (G ENEVA'S BLOG)" and Fl1ckr Metadata data 1s both quant1tat1vely and qual1tat1vely ana lyzed and 1n the hope of extractmg a local understanding of the use of publ1c space 1n the c1ty of Geneva and use th1s mformat1on to Interpolate who 1s the c1t1zen of an oth erw1se glob ally Influenced culture. Spat1al Representation of the collected dat a becomes 1mperat1ve 1n th e u nd erstanding of the use of space 1n the c1ty and revea l s an othe rw1se overlooked v1 ew of the c1ty. The Canton of Geneva becomes an 1ntr1cate maze of pub lic s pace th at IS constantly bemg flooded by soc1ety. W het her for cu ltura l, so c 1al or po l1t1cal events, there see ms to be l1ttle or no restr1ct1on to how the Citize ns ca n m an1fest. The notion of Pu bl1c Space 1n t he City of Geneva is l1bera l 1n 1ts lack of boundar ies.

Ml CO MPREHENSIVE DESIG N STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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"What I th1nk th1s really established was th at each c1ty has a few streets, areas of shore, or scen1c outlooks that are core to its 1dent1ty, and you can tell wh1ch they are by the places that people take p1c tures of over and over ag ain," Enc F1shcer

Some people look at the abundance of urba n data out there and see an academic research paper. Others maybe see a t able or a graph or a chart Self-procla1med "map geek" Eric Fischer sees some of the most int r1gu1ng maps and spa ti al 1mages fou nd on the Intern et , JUSt wa1 t1ng to be c reated .

Over th e yea rs Eric F1sc her has re ndered load s of raw numbe rs 1nto Infor m ative and v isually powerfu l maps on a dive rse ra nge of top1cs : from race to language t o t he use of soc1a l med ia. The work is pub l1shed 1n sets on Flickr [alongside an 1mpress1ve co llect ion of ret ro urban maps and street signs]. H1s most popular set- 'locals and Tourists" used geotagged photos from Flickr and P1casa to exam me where v1s1tors and nat1ves t ake p1ctu res 1n 124 c1t1es.

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~ . . ~ Transport is always a key issue for city dwellers: long commuting times, traffic jams and poor public transit create stress and degrade the citizen 's quality of life. As in other large city centers, Geneva has tackled this problem through generous bike lanes, tramways and regional trains, despite its very small area. This approach yields a widespread use of public transit which is used for commuting to work by one quarter of the population. While most big cities have significant problems dealing with different speeds coming together-such as highways entering the cities, pedestrian crossing of large boulevards or bikes on sidewalks-the size and configuration of Geneva eases these interactions. In the narrow streets of the dense city center, one third of the households live without a car. The slower and cleaner alternatives like walking and biking (Mobilite douce) are not only promoted by the city, but also massively used by the people at any time of the year. The proximity of everything plays a large role in rendering every part of the city accessible by foot-even the airport is under an hour walk from downtown. Hosting the headquarters of the United Nations and the Red Cross, and being an influential financial center of Europe, Geneva's airport is a very busy one -almost as much as Montreal's, despite serving only a seventh of its population. While the main reason for flying in and out of Geneva is business, one third of the passengers use it for vacation purposes and one fifth for visiting family abroad. As nearly half its inhabitants are not from Geneva, this connection node is heavily used by the Genevois, who therefore live at two extremes of the speed spectrum: a very global one, connecting countries across continents, and a very local one, where everything is at most a few miles away. Geneve-Plage has to reflect the schizophrenic quality of Geneva: fly high fast and walk low slow. Locals should be accommodated with generous bike racks and tourists with hints of its existence from the airport. Either when walking, passing or speeding by, the beach appeals the senses-the urge to rest, the fancy to dive, the wish to surf.

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. . h the region, which Imp le . ic eographic location Wit In . . within a transnational . Lake Geneva enjoys a stratetg . gterms of any design project. Sittmgl regional canton of 路路 d onstram sIn 路 f 850 000 peop e, a h opportunities an c . 2000km2 and a population o , 16km2 and 188,000 people, t e agglomeration covering d the city of Geneva, covering 280km2 and 450,000 people an nd over several scales. . .. t f several reasons a .. lake is slgnlflcan or l l for leisure activities 路 n the region, the la ke se rves as. thel/ ocan-e rofessional.I Bu t . With its central location I chting and fishing [professlona no 80% of the drinking [swimming, watersports)l, yth lake and its tributaries supply l nd where 80% of the Perhaps most important y, e [ opposed to the rest of Swl zer a , d ng reg 1on as water for the surroun If nderground sources). drinkable water comes rom u

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Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO

. I GENEVE PLA GE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

lion of the lake has become a hlg hly contentiOUS act on the ISSUe. lake, its Over the years the condl h shad a maJor environmental imp t r of Lake Geneva was Unfortunately lna2006, only 3% of the 200 [meadows, marshes, reed beds), and only 23 o. ial [walls, rocks, etc. I, tributaries and shore still completely 60% of the shoreline IS to a significant amount of arable lands). Mo t ties [docks, ports, beaches, et.. . f the lake had reached an impacted by human ac lVI of the 20th century, the condition o pollutants in the beginning alarming state.

urbani~~~~~n

n~:u;~~~

100

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO

kmo~e:~~~-~atural

ent~relycatg~ce

. I GENEVE PLA GE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

102

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO

. I GENEVE

PLA GE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

104

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO

. I GENEVE

PLA GE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

~ ~ Problems ~ ~ fo~ ~:lion with the shores

lnternation:~;i~;~~s~l:~lt~rof

[CI~~~~~

i~e~~:~~i~a;l~:iween ~ene~~o

f the Pmtect"c of Loke Gee"' Since 1963, the Lake Geneva and officially responsible of water policies for Lake environmental to the cooed' Fe rthecmoce, ""the poet de co of the cce of France and Swltzerlan s.uch steps as the reduction or the ell lementation of techniques to gcidelmec thot pcllcte ocd the 'mp c ' " Ucicc. Uofortcootely pesticides and fertllhlzers b en established throughout the Eur p 路lronmental initiatives 10 路 rae t In these envh h have a very hlg . h reduce sol路l eros n ave e ly null participation the city of Geneva has a near unes around Lake Geneva, w IC [as oppose d to the rest of the comm

coctnbcte~ compn~mg

wote~oy~.

e,~'"''~""

participation rate).

t d by the water quality ll ood [as attes e . ofLake Geneva is genera yg severa l d the lake). Nonetheless, CIP EL recommends the long-term Today the water quality ' d db aches aroun . 路 and ensure of em' boo " to help momtom, the of oll wotec medium to long t For instance, they recomm the lake [limiting the b"di"ccity of Loke G'"""ctc ce" to mit,gote thee 'mpoct oc tioc oc the bccdec of the anchorage, limiting new promotion by all possible activities and their number of mooring pom s . rtantl CIPEL recommen s . e ecove of the lake, etc). But perhaps most lmpo etc.) of the protection and r s at the means [contractualmcentlve\reg sites with high biological Interests, e In short shores by highlighting can benefit from potential lake, would mouths of rivers ahnd all of intermediate crops on the runoff into the CIPEL considers t ePa . . but also to allev1ate e allow not only to moderate soltl t:~~~o~ong-term health of Lake Geneva. water, as an essential elemen

"~ ~clctioc~ mfrast~nd

'mpm~ecd odtc~tmect

ulati~ns,

th~l:~;:~~~at ~ling

106

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO

cont~~c

eci~ly ~ents

~:~~~~ee st~orpollution

. I GENEVE PLA GE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

~hich

•

• • ••

108

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO

. I GENEVE

PLA GE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

•• •

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110

, PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE

,.,

Compostition of the Shoreline •

Walls Roc ks

.·

••

, ' d'1re, Collonge- Bellerive ri)y Debarce ~·

.,,. :+.. , 1a- Bl~6 P.ornte-a~ avet1 Cotlonge - Belte.rive

Reed Beds

l<t Bi!lotte, Cotogny

• -t

...

~ Wtt htn its International context, Geneva ca n be cons idered one of the m ost dtverse ctt te s tn Europe , due not on ly to th e larg ely Internat iona l pop u lat ion and va rto us tntern attonal organ izations, but als o to the various types of people l tvi ng in the c tty. Ce rta tnly, Geneva is an attractor potnt in it s geographtcal area; s ttuat ed between the lake and the Swtss border, 1t grants sw tft access ibtl1ty to many other Sw1ss and French cit ies . Des ptte its small s ize and lo ca l populat ion , Geneva remat ns one of th e most tmportant c ity centers in Swttzerland Over 95,000 peop le commute in and out of th e c ity da ily [of wh1ch 26,000 are leav tng the city) Geneva also acts as an att ra ctor for st udents th e Untverstty of Geneva has a stud ent body of 14,500 ofwh tch more th an one th ird ts f rom abroad The ctty boasts many est ablis hm ents in the educational fte ld , includtng li brartes, mu seums and the aters . Research, analys is , and m apping of the varied u ser~ typo logtes tn Ge neva have defined seve ral cle ar zones wtthtn t he ctty . Of th ese , only th e edu ca tional bu tldings have spread across th e boun da rtes of th ese zones . Seve ral ed ucat tona l bu tld ings ex ist scattered around t he c tty, drawing stud ents to many dtff erent lo cations The lake is a very promtnent an d important prese nce tn Geneva . In add 1t ion to provtdtng dr tnking water to more than 300 ,000 people in t he reg ion, it ts also a t ourtst attra ct ion w ith a w ell~ de ve lope d m artne i nf rast ru ctu re used by both res idents and v is itors . By ma pp 1ng t he d iffe rent cat ego r ies of ctty dwellers - tour tsts , restdents , stud ents , workers- it was posstb l e to diagram th e "lake user " , illu strat ing th e dtfferent i nteractio ns wtt h the waterfront and the lake ttse lf. The int ention of th ts analys ts of t he lake is also to und ersta nd th e access ibiltty a long the lakes hore in th e city of Geneva . Thts mapptng process mad e evident that there ts dtrect access to the la ke tn very few lo ca t ions , name ly Geneve~Plage and the Ba ins des Paqu is The sho re ts cha racter ize d by a lo ng walk ing path that fo llows most of t he waterfront , but does not prov id e a direct access to th e w ater. Thts path co mprises th e maJority of t he s hore and can be unders to od as a "dynam ic" area wheretn people walk , run, bike and play rather than rest However, severa l "static " places ex ist along the length of the path , such as Ge neve Paq u is , the Jardtn Ang la ts and th e Geneve~Plage Furthe rmore, t he path is linked to ma rtne tra nsportat ion be cause t he re are many docks and anchortng po 1nts for boats along its le ng t h . It ts also important to recogn tze th e relat ions hip betw ee n the two facing shores . For Instance, f rom t he Rive Dro it e th ere is a vtsual connect ion to Ge neve~ P lage on the R1ve Gauc he. These v isua l links become a " landscape of co mpos it to n." 11 4

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~ ,.

116

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE

I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

Analysis of Geneva Waterfront Ty ologies of access to the Lake

PEDESTRIAN WALKING WATERFR

PEDESTRIAN STATIC/GATHERING

•

ACCESS TO THE WATER

NO ACCESS TO THE WATER ACCESS TO THE DOCKS ;

DO CKS AREAS

SCALE 1o30,000 10

20KM

C) 117

•

PHASE II

STRATEGIC MASTER PLANS Geneva, Switzerland

~ G,REENBELT RECLAIMING ~

124

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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actual lake front

144

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

unfold1ng the lake front

....

cessJibJIJty la ke -CJty ac

e la ke fro nt access to th

ro nm en ur ba n en vi

145

lake~c 1 ty

146

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

access1b1l1ty

?£ LI NEAR DISTANCES TO THE

LAKE ~

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min

20 m1n

Walking distance to the lake

148

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

1.5

1. 5

1.5

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o1.stance us1路ng other modes of transportation

149

?拢 TRANSPORTATION

PATH ~

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5 mm

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20 m 1n

Transportation path along the lake

150

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

i':_ k ~l------~

.. • •

Transportat ion [pla n & section ] 151

~ AC CESS TO THE LAKE FRONT ~

~ ~

access to the lake front

152

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

â&#x20AC;˘

no acce ss

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private access

public access

City _ la ke sepera rtion

153

•

~ MOVING THE MARINAS ~

Space occupied by marinas

154

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

private access public acce ss

Moving of the marina s

155

~ U,RBAN ENVIRONMENT ~

-. ~

urban environm ent

156

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

(JI

...,

HIGHER CON CE NTRATION OF [65<] POPULATION

WEALTHY POPULATION

"' "' ,,

HIGH CO NCENTRATION OF [20-64] POPULATION

HIGH CONCENTRATION OF NON-SUISS POPULATION

HIGH MIGRATION GROWTH

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~ U,RBAN ENVIRONMENT ~

-··

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4 ••

....

Exi sting program green spaces and parks festival areas

•

institutions1 schools and churches

•

museum s

•

intern ational orgcnizations end buisn esses

theaters

158

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~.~,'

Propose d zones •

ecdosical zones

•

cornmerd al zones

•

public zcnes

159

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wildlife path (2) protected species green botanical water gar

- ----aquatic plants garden

- - ---aquatic plants garden

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information center

;•

seating area

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seating area

commercial zone

flexible public space

wildlife centre

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'activity & educational centre ______.

~~~ ~

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flexible public space

aquatic plants garden

Geneve Plage re-development of the beach

self-serve repair shop

nautical sports schools and c

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wildlife path (end)

e--- - - aquatic plants garden

water gardening centre

e--- - - wildlife path (4)

•~

t:.== - '

marina enlargement

-----

..,_____ observatory

e--- - - wildlife path (3)

____;;=---Baby PI age ...~ materials refurbishment

~ outdoor theater ~

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resting zone-~;:........;-

commercial zone restaurants

~ U,.RBAN ENVIRONMENT ~

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""" 162

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

n=::;; ....u. ......

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Extensive industrialization

Optimism, ambition, expansion. The city expends beyond its medieval walls. Alignements, axes, peripheral boulevards. Mixed urban territory Commercial Geneva becomes industrial city

~ 169

-'/J~PI/

From taylorism to ford ism Social justice , rationalism, functionalism Publi c health , hygienism. First zoning plans

170

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

000

Inhabitants ~

Implosion- explosion process Automobile organizes the city. Housing districts expand to the periphery 1974-7 6 crisis : end of industry in town Finance and decision headquaters invade downtown

~ 171

Beginning of liberal-productivism

Building the town in town Green protectionism and sacralization of agricultural belt Against the autistic withdrawal: 500 meters town more 172

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~ 173

?£ A~SPACE QUEST ~

~~ ' '

'' \

Morpholog 1ca ll nd 1cators Urba n Dens1ty

174

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Land use

• •

'•

~JOrtsCiub

Diving

Sailing +wa ke boa rd

Outdoor pool Indoor pool

' '

Publ ic Bath Kayak+ Rafting Indoor skating

Outdoor skating

(T: v

11s

~-1100I'f'OIIot........, ~on COliC~

. . . . tiiCMO.OIIIaQI:I--

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--------~ Plan direct&ur cantonal 2030 Annexe • Ia ftche COS

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176

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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Omitted from protection

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177

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180

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENE:VA. SWITZERLAND

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~ 185

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Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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M1 COMPREHENS IVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENtVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

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PHASE Ill

ARCHITECTURAL PROPOSALS Geneva, Switzerland

KELLY ANNE CAULFIELD

PARC GENEVE CREATION OF AN URBAN WILDSCAPE Geneve-Plage [Geneva, Switzerland]

Pare Geneve Creation of an Urban Wildscape

Kelly Anne Caulfield

Ruins stand as reminders. Memory is always incomplete, always imperfect, always falling into ruin; but the ruins themselves, like other traces, are treasures: our links to what came before, our guide to situating ourselves in a landscape of time. To erase the ruins is to erase the visible public triggers of memory; a city without ruins and traces of age is like a mind without memories.

- Rebecca Solnit, The Ruins of Memory

20 2

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STU Dl 0 I GEN EvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

-------

Geneve- Plage Restoration

--- --

"gap" "space", "pause" a consciousness of place ... the simultaneous awareness of form and non-form deriving from an intensification of vision... '\ Ma is not something that is created by compositional 1 1 elements; it is the thing that takes place in \ I the imagination of the human who / / experiences these elements.

I 1

---

-路

.203

Mem ory-L egacy - - - - - - - - - -

1 - --- - --

- Low Impact Interaction

Rentable Retreat A New Geta4y for Geneva I I _ _ _ _ _j

\ \

204

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENtvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

Semi-Permenant Resident

Public Retreat

Corporate Retreat

UN Conference

Privacy Required

Possible Control Required

Control Required

High Level of Control Required

I I

,-----~-----, I

Eating + Socializing 2- 3 Bedrooms Utilities Storage

____

_j _ _ _ _

Eating + Socializing 10-15 Bedrooms Large Studio Small Meeting Room Outdoor Space

I I

L ____ I ____

- -

- _I_ - - - I

Eating + Socializing 20 Bedrooms Large Studio 2 Meeting Rooms Outdoor Space

Utilities

L ____ l _____

I 1- - - - - _I_ - - - - I

Utilities

L ____ ____ 1

Eating+ Socializing 10-15 Bedrooms Large Studio 2 Meeting Rooms Deck Space

Utilities

I_ _ _ _ _ _ _____ _l

L __________ I___________

1- - - - - - - .J - - - I - - - - - - - - - - I I

I I I

Residence

Outdoor Space

Communal Space + Meeting Rooms

Accomoda ti ons 205

CtuTent Condition of Geneve-Piage as a resort type destination. 206

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GEN~E PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

Intermediate Stage showing the preservation of minimal infrastructure. 207

Site Plan showing the integration of Wildscape and new intervention within repurposed infrasturcture 20 8

M1 COMPREHENSIVE OESI GN STU 010 I ()EN ~E PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

Resident Caretaker

' "

Public FUnctions"' /'

' "

I I

\ \

I I

' ..--

./ /

UN Conference,.."'

/ ./

./ /

/' /

'" Corporate Retreat

..--

" ., \

\ \

I I

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U ser Paths showing the imagined narrative as each user group moves through the site. 209

Complex Plan showing the integration of new interventions within repurposed infrasturcture. 21 0

M1 COMPREHENSIVE OESI GN STU010 I ()EN ~E PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAN 0

Project Components shown as an exploded axonometric diagram. 211

......

J I I

/ /

Communal Facilities as a complex of rooms intertwined in the existing c onrete frame, facing the water.

212 Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

......

I I

I \

/ /

......

/ /

Cormnunal Facilities interior courtyards and system of boardwalks.

213

......

I I

I / /

......

/ /

Cormnunal Facilities in relation to the retaining wall and the caretaker residence.

214

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENtvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

\ \

Accomodations in the repurposed change rooms, connected by the system of sunken foundations.

215

...._

......

I I

J I

\ /

......

/ /

Caretaker Residence as seen from the Communal Facilities, opening on to a small bay.

216

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENtvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

,--

---

I I

/ ./

----

Entrance Structure directing views towards the lake.

217

I I ./ ./

Footprint Pathways through re-forested areas ... leading to the lookout tower.

218

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENtvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

---

......

\ I

I I I / --.

.--

View Point look-out tower repurposed from the Geneve-Piage diving board, surrounded by marsh.

219

I I / /

Gathering Space sculpted in the swimming pool.

220

Mt COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWIT2ERLAND

221

VERONICA SONCINI

NEW ' GENEVE BATH Rive Gauche [Geneva, Switzerland]

. fro m where I started from: three main points . . . n of my project there were - s the natural envlronEooootl'l'" tho'"'' . tho mo"""'"""dtho l'ko ' go of ,;kotohby Lo . e of the relationship between I decided to start With an lma -the lmportanc n contest. For this reason, ke elements; moot-'"' thoh h"t:o of Goom th" plokod "P thooo y t ftho oomp,dooo of tho Corbusler oft e a . . t f interest was the momen o masterplan, a mam pam o -ot"tlog fcom tho

''"" ; tho m,;-

"'t"" '"' tho ocb'"; 't " ' "'Y "t'" P"bUo 'P"O; ooPl'go I0doddod to -the question of..the wastopan current ul sagaen~~~~=l ~~o~test on the actual site of Geneve ' 0

tocpl'" '""' " dis placetho it and propose a oow """ P"bUo 'P" l.

as a threshold between th e ''"''"'tho

~ko.

poop~ i

the shape of the shore me, ather and enjoy the Tho " " w,; to wock o" Goo""' B"h whoco ''" 'w,;,dd odto tho . ofSPAandwellnesscene In terms of program lwanttoproposeanew f this reason a new function

~~TER

' " " ll ovoc tho Y" c; oc d p "bUo opoo op"o. . h NATURAL- URb,;lo f"ootloo of pl,go '" l t of dlffucoot '""'"oo, '"' . om osition was the dua I y L WATER-ARTIFICIAL . A central point ,JTERIOR-INTERIOR, NATURA b foco 'PPCO"hlog tho BAN PRIVATEâ&#x20AC;˘ . f human contest, e ' . tho ""'m"o pomt o . tho The. new Geneva Bath llzatlon, Will beco~~e wetland ecosystem propose d In . t of natura In ult1me po1n

PmUtBh~l~

224

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GEN EVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

m,;tocp~o

225

226

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

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M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

233

238

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m ortant ideas behmd my proJect w as, not o COeXISt With the lake Into this idea of the g ch of mterest. became something that was very mu

nl ust to analyse how th e urban ~~t also how we could Integ rat e directly to the lake .

h t Wlt hm the greenbelt , It IS not a typlca Anothe r pomt that IS Import ant to notet hiS t ~~so rt of open Wild expa nds, bu t l.n faclts, 1 ght assoc1ate w1 so d r 'greenbe lt 1s a so nl:: ty pes of and wh enhw e talk ports habitati an t enlons very agricultural uses, It a ls o lnclud . esselude ons or a use by t he pe ople. !wasnect about th is greenbe lt, It doesn t pre t and also re mforcmg th is Idea of con Inte rested In keeping this pu blic co mponen between th e gree n and th e lake .

~:~~~ ~:~:~ ~~fe~ent

quall f l c atl odn ~e~:U~:t~~ee1sc~~~~ fa:lll t les,

l center that could be an attractor for, The program that I proposed IS an ed~~:t~oc~~ltles that were already exiSting on thet~:ke ll outh The Idea was to use . nd sallmg and such, as one

'~~,;~ :,iocol ottcootoc P"ots, w'"dsocf,~g, '::~~:thot 'd" bmose ,, "olceody so rams The secondary elemen wa nt that actually starts to, JUS 1 pp:lp:~~~~~~m the.cltY, With sort of an edrtuco~~~~:~t~~~~~~~e nature and to the green and by 1ts locat1on on t he 51 t e, to create a so

to the space.

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GENEVE â&#x20AC;˘ PL AGE

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Pl e is composed of 57% of paved The actual Site of Ge neve - ag t 0 ly 27% IS actu ally comp osed surfaces, from asphalt to concre eh t nthe Site was to analyse the of gre. en spac.es . The first appro atc omall m aster plan for t he d d to arr1ve a a s . h. ex isti ng con ili on an. . With an o bJeCtive re ac ~ng f th Site over the ye ars reco nversio n o aeh ea d , t his step was essentia l. close to 30 years

nslsl at c hang in g th e uses acco rdIng . The Phase I of th e proJect coThe Yac ht Club be ing moved furth er t o the ge neral m aster plan . h ainin g build in g could be on th e shore close r to Co logny, t ere~ be recuperated by the Yacht di s mantled as with the quay t~a~;~~e -plage would be equ ally Club. The cabins for t he Site o d de m olished once the Site would be close .

PHASE I

. . ifl catlo ns to t he existi ng lnfrastructu res . Phase II cons ists In mod Will be burled un de rground of SIX The road Gu stave-Adord . d th of the access tunnel to the meters , fo llow~ng the exlsllnega neJth e surfaces paved in asphalt and un derground park in g letting the nature take ove r. Part of in concrete woul.d be rem o , k ff to allow th e land t o reach uld be t aeno th e wal l of th e piers wo h nd access to the water. the wale r, creat~ng beac es a

gara~ed

PHASE II

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Concrete Asphalt surface ~

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M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

. h re-n atu rallsatlon of th e s ite, the Phase Ill IS t he sta rt oft e . f the s ite IS planned as . d The reco nvers ion o of t he e ges. b lt It will possess green spaces for a mi crocos m of the green e . h t get he r fore.sl ed areas th at 路 l and gat e r o ' roa d and dens ify existi ng planted a re as th e commun ity, top ay will cove r Gustave-Adord f th nau tical center to provide Agr~culture Will be Included or e . t . ed by th e youth In their ga rden1ng spaces t hat would be main aln stay at the ce nt er.

soften ~ng

Of fi ces + classrooms Dining hall+ recepti on area

Boat storage + workshop' - - - -: 1 \ v Gymnasium + rowing facility

Available area fo r construction over the demolished footprints of the prev1ous bu 1ld1ngs

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built on the area left by the footpri nts The Naut ica l cent er will be hmd this idea IS the preservation of of the previous bu ildin gs. Be. f the e nvironme nt The bui ldmg th e veget ation and Its protecti on o t age for the boats and th e mcludes two prin cipal fu nct lo n;h:s: ~~o prog rams need access second part of t he program cons ist equ ipment and a th offi ces and a d mm g and t o the wat er and the lake . In t he services , the classrooms , teh wate r th ese functions have N t d end1ng on e 路 h recept ion area . o ep h l ndscape and the VIews oft e been pla nn ed accord mg t ot e a su rroundings and the Cityscap e.

gymnas l~~e

There are two domma nt svo l u mes , one con nects directly t o th e water, th e ot h er WIt h the green space above es however, th ey are connected as They are no t diSti nct volum , here IS th e idea of usmg the one bu ildmg . W hat IS Inte resting mehow blu rrin g th e lin es t opography as a d riving forces, o ~ so This ~ame from an mt erest between the t opography and the orm . ld be f ormed as used as Its d h .' ll the terra1n cou In, on t he one ha n , ow d from th e wate r Side, I got rea y advant age , and on the oth er han hologles are drive n by the nat ural Interest ed In the way boats ~o ~p chan lcs In te rms of forms. lvly farces of the water and th e u I mtet o absorb and to respo nd t o the ays was mean bui ldmgof, In manyw nature these forces th at I was Interest ed In exploring

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Gymnas iu m Tra1n1ng fac1l1ty Lo rcker rooms Boat storage Repair workshop Classrooms 01n1 ng hall K1tch en Off1ces Undergroung access U ndergoung parking M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

CHIH YING WONG

THE CULTURE LAB Rive Gauche [Geneva, Switzerland]

?ÂŁ THE CULTURE

LAB ~

The s1te IS s ituated between Mount Saleve and Lake Geneva , it offers un1que cond iti ons wh ich will draw people from th e c ity center, towards the nature, and to be connected through the events that are be ing celebrated at The Cu lture Lab The cultural La b is a platform for t he creation and presentation of young artists and des1g n practices to Identify and explore the contemporary 1ss ue on culture, soc ial and env ironment . Architecturally, th e purpose of The Cultural Lab IS to create a new language of public s pace , to con nec t the Genevios and the inte rn ation al art ists/ audie nce throug h a spectrum of activities , and together they w1ll ex pe r1e nee the bie nna le with in the nature settin g of geneve -plage . The 1dea of hosting a Bie nnale is aim to integra te the s1te w1th artistic proJects as a re source of inte llectual cap ital that will provide all pa rt 1cipants w1th a mple opportun ity for research and inn ovation . Wh ile Geneva is known being a multi-cultural city, the Geneva 8 1ennale has 1ts pote nt ial to make the Geneve-Plage a des tination a nd enhance th e cu ltural dive rs ity of its people .

What are the Swiss interested in .. according to Google Zeitgeist? Town s/ Village

Local Events

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2012

2011

Zermatt

Zll"ich

Zermatt

n/a

Zurich

Greenfield

Pa leo Festival

Pa l eo Festival

Basel

Zermatt

Fr auenfe ld

n/a

Bern

Pal eo Festival

Greenfield

Streetparade

Lausanne

Basel

G e neva

n/a

Ba sel

Gurtenfestiva l

Open air Frauenfeld

Open air st. ga lien

Wint erthur

Lausanne

Zurich

n/a

Luzern

Opena ir Fr auenfeld

ZirkusKn ie

Belts festi v al

Luzern

Bern

Yverdo n~les-b ains

n/a

Lausanne

Zirkus Kn ie

Mortreux Jazz Festival

Zurifest

International audience+ Art = Biennale Local nature+ international artistic event= ? 252

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

2010

253

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The design concept was to allow visitors pass through the programs of the culture center like water flows through the void between the rocks. The topography of the building invites the visitors to discover the site and the rhythm of atmosphere and movement of each program. The center is located between the baby plage and Geneve Plage, surround by the wetland yet close to the open field. Is it accessible through public transportation and is capable of generating different energy with different users though out the year.

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259

YOUSEF FARASAT

AN ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION CENTER Bains des Paquis [Geneva, Switzerland]

264

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA SWI TZERLAN D

As exhibited through our research phase, Lac Leman represents a dynamic multilayered natural system with tremendous depth both literally and figuratively [p. 266). Unfortunately, within the current framework of Geneva, Lac leman is treated as a mere surface , an omnipresent beautiful backdrop to the city, with very little understanding of its natural components or systemic dimensions. The goal of this project is to stimulate the sensitization of the people of Geneva to the many dimensions of the lake. To do so, an ecological education center, with a very simple program is proposed [p. 266). Within the architectural framework, the multilayered system of the lake is addressed using a core sample idea; formally a tower typology displays a cross-section through the different strata of the lake's natural system, from underneath the lakebed to fifty meters above the water level. The original program of the education center is rearranged to respond to the formal typology of the tower [p.267). From another viewpoint, one of the most important components of our masterplan [the edge) was to bring people to the edge of the lake, and to create a stronger connection between the city and the lake as well as the public and the lake. This explains why the project is sited at the end of the Quai des Paquis, which is one of the few publicly accessible paths onto the lake. Placing the tower on this site, not only allows for clear views of the lake, but also facilitates an extension of the public domain onto the vertical dimension above the lake [p.267). Moreover, the site is located just opposite to the Jet de Geneve on the right bank of Lake Geneva, which permits to frame a gateway to the lake, with a new monolith acting as the 21st century icon of Geneva, opposite the Jet, which is the 20th century symbol of the city [p.276-77); the new icon embodying the new values that we propose within our masterplan, a much deeper understanding of the natural ecosystem of the lake, the urban systems of Geneva, and a renewed relationship between the two. The configuration of the public stairway and spaces throughout the building was established in a hyper-rational manner by framing important landmarks of the city [p.268). Lastly, although one must readily acknowledge that the boring of anchoring piles in the lakebed to support the tower is antithetical to the natural preservation framework of our masterplan, I strongly believe that the symbolic and programmatic value of the center and the prominence that it gives to the ecology of the lake far outweigh the negative impact of this anchoring on the lake bottom. Moreover, the strength and rigidity of the tubular diagrid structural system, allows to minimize the frequency of the anchoring points on the lakebed.

An Ecological Education Center Yousef Farasat 265

Microphytes

common reeds common bulrush Broad leaf catta1l whitewa ter l1ly callitr iche immersed coon ta1l va rious types o f Elodea m1lfo1 l various types o f pondweed zann1chellla

Fish

eel Spirlln blea k Carp chub

minnow Ga rd on rudd tench loach p1ke wh 1tef1sh trout char Perch crayf1sh barbe l catfish bur bot

Birds

crested gre be

great ormorant b1 ttern gadwall pochard various sp ec 1es of duc k goosander coo t black -headed Gull yellow -legged Gull

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Avertical extension of lh e public space around the lake

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M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

The configuration of the tower/public spaces based on views of Geneva

269

readmg room plan

Public (red] vs private program [blue]

Ground Level floor plan

Typical pu blic leve l

Exterior rendering of tower and entrance 272 M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

273

Rendering of a typical public floor 274

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

Night rendering and the relationship with the Jet 27 6

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

LYNDSAY TOWNSEND

URBANIZING THE LAKEFRONT Rive Gauche [Geneva, Switzerland]

?ÂŁ u~RBANIZING THE LAKEFRONT ~

Geneva's new urba n landscap e weaves rtself along the lakefront, brea king down the monoltth ic wa ll that curre ntly seg regat es th e c rty a nd th e la ke. Ble ndtng th ese realms through a tecto nic landscape, redefines the re lations hip be tween la nd and wate r, people and natu re and ctty and la ke. The proJect serves to revtve th e urban co nd ttion aro und the lake, wh ich cu rre ntly lacks dwelltng s pace, perma ne nt prog ra m and naturaltzed e nvtronm ents Subtle s htfts mo ld th e la nd a nd c reate a gradatt on of int ertor a nd ext e rto r co ndtt tons from th e uppe r e levation of th e land to th e lowe r e leva tion of th e water. Th is syste mat ic mea ns of modular fragme ntation s e rves to tnteg rate seat ing, de ftn e pu blic and priva t e s pace a nd envelope inte rior program , c rea ttng a n urba n e nvtronm e ntth at tnvites people to dwe ll along th e edge of La ke Geneva. Mu ch ltke a wetla nd grows a nd recedes , th is stat tc la nds ca pe wtll exrst as a fle xtble urba n system t hat ca n grow, adapt and evolve, as req utred by th e crt ize ns of Geneva The s htpping pallet, a woode n compo ne nt s pectftca lly d estg ne d to be efftcie nt ly stac ked, lifted and stored , will serve as th e Infrastru cture to fac tlitate ada pta biltty wtth tn th is urb an environm e nt Rep urpos ing th ese pallets wtll not only init rate an e nv iro nm e nta lly s us ta inable recycling prog ra m, but they wt ll serve as tang tble e le me nts that a llow cit ize ns to crea tive ly engage wit h the space . The pa llets ca n be t n ~ftl led withtn th e la ndsca pe a nd ma nt pu lat ed by the use r to create a va riety of eleme nts such as benches, ta bles , platforms , facades and eve n s mall paviltons . Th is flexible and int eract ive urban lands ca pe wtll bring a new identity to th e la ke-sca pe of Ge neva , allowtng tt to co nsta ntly respo nd t o th e evo lving needs of th e city

280

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~ U,RBANIZING THE LAKEFRONT ~

art gallery

community garden

play 1ng f1eld

e xter~ or

ga llery

play ground a rt wa ll

284

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

interior theatre

cafe ex ter1or theatre

community centre

exterior pa tio fire p1t area

sem 1-ex terior lo unge

tourist business student cultural residential

285

~ UIRBANIZING THE LAKEFRONT ~

the sh1pp1ng pallet

286

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How to connect.. . ... the city to the lake? ... the ground to the water? ... private and public spaces? ... Geneve and its suburbs? ... fast and slow circulations? ... cultural and commercial spaces? ... existing and new facilites? How do they mix? How do they exchange? How do they intertwine?

296

M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STU DIO I GEN EVE PLAGE I GENEVA SWI TZ ERLAND

city to lake

people

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other vehicules

fromGeneva fromdosesuburbs

from far suburbs

297

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TRANSIT HUB LONGITUDINAL SECTION 1 : 1000

RAILWAY STATION UNDERGROUND PLAN 1 : 500 301

STRUCTURE ELEVATION I RAILWAY STATION I TRUSSES x =from4 to 11m

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LEVELS

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PROGRAM & PUBLIC/PRIVATE

CmCULATION &ACCESSES

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M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

The Winter Solstice Sunrise Axis Dawn of the shortest day of the year announces a new beginning. True of the Gregorian calendar and most rei igions; there might be so met hi ng there. Light penetrates into Dry Well.

311

The Trees Composition of locust and plane tree, poplars, birch and hackberry. All leafy trees makes for a high contrast between summer and winter.

The Summer Solstice Sunset Axis From that point on, days only get shor路 ter. The beginning of the end. Perhaps an appropriate time to embrace and ICNeourfate.

313

The Threshold Door for the park. Rhythms created from the co in cidence of opposites: I in ear and circular, over and under, inside and outside, horizontal and vertical. Offspring of a bridge and a treehouse.

The Pergolas , Shelter from the Sun. See Lequeu s . WI.th shadows. Darkness as obsessiOn a source of different knowledge. f'l,..l..., _ ,, ... a...... t .... - ... L-...4. t.: ......

315

TheOi d Diving Platfor m Remnant of a recent past The ascension on the ruins offers a new vantag e point. See RolenaAdorno's time as a heIix. Also a new pagoda of sorts.

M1 COMPREH ENSIVE DESI GN STUDIO I QEN EvE PLAGE I QENEVA, SWITZERLAN D

The..CJtfAteria Cosy place to eat with friends a~ family by the lake. Has sanitary ser--

vices jost next to it and a great outdoor ............... garden. Three stars and a half.

317

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BRIAN MUTHALIFF I

TEUFELSBRUCKE AQUA FARMING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR GENEVA Geneva Islands [Geneva, Switzerland]

~ ~

Geneva s its wedged between the boarders of France, co nstanly strugg lrng to expand at t he expense of its agricu ltu ral and preserved landsca pe. As rts populatio n continues to grow, the city that hosts the United Nations has reached its dens ity capacrty under current regulations Concurrently, Geneva rtse lf is a th roughfare with rega rds torts ag ricultu ral productron and consumptron. W ith the maJo rrty of t he daily food products rncluding fru it and vegetables bei ng imp orted from a bro ad, Genevans [expatriots in cluded] travel to rts boarderin g Fren ch crties to purchase goods at much cheaper rates . Although a large portion of the land is devoted to ag rrculture, m ost of rt serves as grazing meadows for the product ron of beef, pork and da rry products . lnsp rred by the Hydropon ic systems that occur on the lnle Lake, Mya nmar, Teu felsb n..i cke finds oppurtun ity in the research and development of Aquapon ic farmi ng on Lake Lem an . The proJect sca les u p what what IS currently practiced as a sustainable m ea ns of maintaining arable land, which has an in crease in ye ild for large populations. Aquapo ni cs serves as an effec ient means of farming as crops are supplemented nutrients by the waste of farmed aquaculture. The implicatio n of these systems would Introduce a nu mber benefits to the Genevan e nv ironment exte nding inland through the country. Lo ca lly grown and harvested Fis h, frurts and vegetables, will serve to lower t he cost of t hese currently rmport ed products as well as int rocude a new vocatlo n 1n the edu cabo ns of era p prod uctlo n and livestock breed ing with i ng Swit zerland The Arch rtecture takes ques from typical Wo oden Shrp Construction on a m uch larger sca le As th e farmmg fa crlity s its JUSt be low th e su rface of the lake, rts form takes advantage of the bouyant attribute d of a typcral wooden sh rp section an d deploys them across rts length. Anchored by the under wat er tunnel that connects the two lake fronts of Geneva, the elongated plan serves t o act as a brea kwater, created calm conditions for the distrrbuti no of the Aqua ponte Harvesting Pods

324

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZ ERLAND

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325

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Weight of the food when purchased from the retailer M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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NICKI RECKZIEGEL

ECOLOGICAL WATER TREATMENT CENTER Geneva Islands [Geneva, Switzerland]

~ ~ Th e city of Geneva IS larg ely defin ed by its adJace ncy t o Lac Lem a n. However, despi te the lake's centrality and proxim1ty, the Citizens have l1ttle 1nteract1on with 1ts wate rs. Th1s proJeCt endeavors to fit w1th1n the Archipelago Masterplan whose a1m 1t IS to Introduce an mfrastructuralsystem that Will reorgan1ze the relat1o nsh1p between the urb an and natural systems in Geneva, particularly by contributing new potent ials to t he city in ter ms of the water's use and quality.

340

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA SWITZERLAND

~ ~

Th1s proJect a ims init ially to re late specifically to the Archi pe lago of 1slands, th e n furth e r t o the larger potential to the city of Geneva and beyond Thus was in 1tlated the program of a water treatment center to address the larger 1ntent1ons of t he Masterplan of re hab1litat mg the quality of the water 1n the city. 342

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA SWITZERLAND

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The ecolog 1cal water treatment faci lity IS designed for a capacity to trea t t he water from t he ne ighbouring Is land Sites. The re are th ree systems treat ing each blue wate r directly from t he lake, as we ll as grey wat er an d black water. These methods are floatin g co nst ructed wetlands, subsu rface flow filtra tion and an advanced ecological ly enginee red system respective ly

~ Furthermore, 1t was a cruc1al factor of the proJect to ensure that 1ts 1m pact expanded beyond the 1slands themselves, rather mtroducmg a system that could have 1mpl1cat1ons beyond. To th1s end, the treatment fac1Lit1es are complemented by research fac1l1t1es that work to constantly evolve and test the system, fostenng mnovat1on that could potentially be deployed as part of a system for Geneva as a whole.

346

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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347

~ Finally, as another tactic to expand the im pact of the proJect, 1! became important to cre ate an infrastructural system that function ed f urther as a publ1c event and public space Thus, taking advantage on th e natura l landscap in g provided by such an ecolog1cal treatment fac1lity, the public was Introduced to the s1te to use it both as a public park and an educational s pace. The s it e would en gage th e public in the process allow1ng them to develop an awarenes s and unders tanding of the processe s and the value of the Innovations 1n water systems Th e c irculat ion of the public throu gh the s it e follows the water flows, culminating at the cistern where they become keenly aware of the accu mu latio n of treated wale r. As th e wa l er f1lls the c 1ste rn, it removes occupiable space and the publ1c inh abit an "unde rwater" env ironm e nt in which they are surrounded by water and sunli g ht f1lters 1n from above In br1ef, th1s water treatment facil1ty acts as a generator for the future prov1d1ng both as ecolog1cal and engineered system for water treatment, res earch fac il1t1 es for furth er deve lopment, and f1nally introduc1ng Infrastructure as a publ1c event, engag in g the public in the processes .

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L3\<.e Gene\13 \_Gen,,e\13 S W \.tz.er \.3nd1 I

Even th ough I was workin g on anothe r tvl asterplan 1n previous phases of t h1s stud io, I was drawn t o pro posa l 2, Ge neva as a C1rcu lar C1ty, w hen 1t came t o choos 1ng the s1te f or our proJects. The element that was most mt erest mg about it to me was t he pot ent 1a l th at th e 1sla nds offered for th e aud ience to be at once isolated f rom the city, but yet connect ed to 1t. One other element that was very 1nsp1r1ng f or me was this opportunity to create a na tu ra l environment that wou ld also be complet ely art 1f1C1al. I saw 1n these vanous elements an opportun1ty to pursue a personalmterest of m1ne, the relationship between architecture and he alth. The spec1f1cs of th1s s1te really resonated w1th me m that matter and mspired the program, which IS a hydrotherapy and support center targetmg people w1th chronic diseases and pam.

352

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEvE PLAGE I GENEVA SWITZERLAND

Hydrotherapy IS a bra nch of physioth erapy that takes place 1n th e wa t er. The patient is floating and gutded mto different positions and exerc ises by the physiothe rap ist. Wa ter therapy offers a lot of benef1ts and rel tef f or the body, relytng mainly on the bo dy wetght being off-loaded with immers ion . Water 1mmers1on dtm inishes blood pressure and reli eves th e body of its own we ight, reductng the experience of mus cular and bone pa1n . Moreover, 1t reduces the experience of bodtly degradation caused by chron ic dtseases . Hydrotherapy also , an d most Importantly, has bene f ic ial effects on the psychological wellbetng of the pat ient. It offers a soothin g environme nt, and allows the pati ent to bu tld a solid relationship of trust w1th h1s or her th e rap is t.

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M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZ ERLAND

how can architecture have calming relaxing effect on the body â&#x20AC;˘nd tloe

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355

The program is a symbios is betwee n fu nctio ns fou nd 1n ca ncer s upport centers, s uc h as the Maggie 's 1n t he UK, and functions necessary to a hydrot herapy cente r. The adJacent progra m d1agra m s hows the spat1al re lations hip betwee n the mam funct 1ons th at emerg ed through that symbiOSIS. The l1v1ng area w1ll serve at t he central anc hor fo r th e ce nter as well as a n Intermedia ry space betwee n the th e rape uti c zo ne a nd th e pr1vate bedro om area. The center indeed allows fo r 1nd ividuals to res1de on site if they desire to experience a longer stay or if they l1ve too far to co me for a v1s1t. The f1nal plan organization 1s an Introverted one. The ce nter 1s organize d arou nd a central courtya rd; a ll the var1ous fun ct1o ns grav1tate arou nd 1t. The ele ment th at drove th e des 1gn of the center 1tself IS the notion of the md1v1d ual pat 1ent with in the commu n1ty of pat1e nts 1n the building. The center was des igned to accommodate th e private an d Individ ual functions, such as the bedrooms and t he the rapy spaces, on the periphe ry, wh ile th e soc1al and interactive ones, like the activity ro om and the liv in g spaces , take place at the cente r. The roof gesture noticeable 1n the s ection, an d late r ren derings of th e proJect, was articulated around the orga nization of public and pr1vate spaces with1n t he bu1ld 1ng. The outer rmg of s paces has 1ts own roof, s lante d to allow the pool w1th a h1 gher ce 1l1ng a nd at the same t1me prov1d1ng the spaces needmg more 1nt 1macy, such as t he bedrooms a nd thera p1st offices, with a lowe r ce1l1ng height. The 1nner rmg of spaces was s la nted 1n the oppos1te d1 rect1on to allow for more naturall1ght to penet rate the ma1n C1 rculat1on co m do r and the communa ll1v1 ng s paces.

356

M1 COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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357

The elements that drove the des1gn of the 1sland are the res1dents of the bu1ld1ng 1n terms of the general population flowing through the s1te and the relat1onsh1p of the 1sland w1thm the larger c 1ty composition. The connect1on to the c1ty IS mamly t hrou gh views and started shapmg the plann1ng and shape of the 1sland. On the western side, views towards the C1ty Cen t e r, the suburbs and the botan ical garde ns evoke more pu blic s paces, while th e eastern v1ew t oward s t he ope n wate r or the w ater plant park and floating agn cu ltu re s uggest s more natu ral , pr1vat e s paces. From t here, t he is land was sp l1t in 3 zones : a bac kyard f or t he residents , a beac h w it h access to th e lake and a pu bl1c wandering parkgarden. Th e 1s land is fully access1ble by t he pu bl1c , but the Circu lat ion is contro lled by elevated boardwalks 1n order to keep as much privacy f or the res1dents as poss1 ble.

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358

Ml COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

359

JOSIANE CRAMPE

URBAN AGRICULTURE HUB Geneve-Plage [Geneva, Switzerland]

366

M I COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

~A "Geneva t owns and f1 elds must not evolve in opposit io n but each must support the other." Geneve Villes et Champs associat ion Geneve, v1l les en cult ure

The h1storic s1te and urban beach Geneve-Plage is highly popular among t he Geneva c1ty population for 1ts park, beach, poo ls and recreati onal act ivities that take place mostly dur1ng the su mmer per1od . In th e Arch ipe lago maste rplan proposed 1n th e previous phase, th e actual beac h fun ct1on was displaced 1n favo r of some more product1ve program that can feed Geneva and beyond 1n a more fun damental way. The public component rema1ns as one of th e ma in project prem1se but to answer the idea of a productive urban s pace , the s1te wou ld be reuse as a hub for urban agr1culture. Th1s mt1cal campo ne nt w1ll connects all other systems Introduced with in the masterplan and w1ll also prov1de an answer for the urb a n expansion that might occur on the north s hore and potent ia lly t hreatened so me of the agricu lture plots Th1s new urban space will serve not only 1ts immediate environment and th1s new deve lopment but w 1ll introduce a system of urban agriculture th at ca n move from a ce ntralized 19th century model to a decent ralized one where agr1culture is Intertwined with urban cond itions. W1th1n that projected system, the s ite of Geneve-Plage will beco me a wtlcal nod e that not on ly feeds 1ts 1mmed 1ate environment but a lso has a research fac1l1ty that conti nua lly innovate in th is doma in to fac il1tate locally serv1ce food and food production for th e c1ty and its various spheres, self-producing fo od , and finally to allowed th e public to engage and Interact w1th a ll these var1ous syste ms . On one hand, the public is a llowed to v1ew, engage and/or occupy the space w1th1n diffe rent types of programs s uch as: the indoor or outdoor market, the food lab, the commun 1ty gardens and the greenhouses. Th1s gateway, anchor po int of the archipelago masterp lan, ac ts as an urban connect1 on 1n the public doma 1n. 367

ARCH IPELAGO MASTERPLAN

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M1 CO MPREHENSIVE DESIGN STUDIO I GENEVE PLAGE I GENEVA. SWITZERLAND

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GENEVE-PLAGE SITE PLAN

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