GUIDE 2022/2023

9. Use of anticoagulants

Because of the scalp's generous blood supply, what complications may arise?

Scalp lacerations can result in major blood loss, hemorrhagic shock, and even death. Patients who aresubject to long transport times are at particular risk for these complications.

What are anatomy and injury implications of the anatomy of the base of the skull?

The base of the skull is irregular, and its surface can contribute to injury as the brain moves within the skull during the acceleration and deceleration that occurs during the traumatic event.

The anterior fossa houses the , the middle fossa houses the , and the posterior fossa contains the .

frontal lobes / temporal lobes / lower brainstem and cerebellum

The meninges cover the brain and consist of three layers:

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

Describe the anatomy and injury implications of the dura mater:

Tough, fibrous membrane that adheres firmly to the internal surface of the skull.

At specific sites, the dura splits into two "leaves" that enclose the large venous sinuses, which providethe major venous drainage from the brain.

The midline superior sagittal sinus drains into the bilateral transverse and sigmoid sinuses, which areusually larger on the right side.

Laceration of the venous sinuses can result in massive hemorrhage.

Describe the anatomy and injury implications of the meningeal arteries