INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL CARE NURSING 7TH EDITION SOLE TEST BANK
Chapter 17: Hematological and Immune Disorders Sole: Introduction to Critical Care Nursing, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Of the four major blood components, plasma a. is made up of circulating ions. b. comprises about 55% of blood volume. c. is transported to the cells by serum proteins. d. comprises about 45% of blood volume. ANS: B Blood has four major components: (1) a fluid component called plasma, (2) circulating solutes such as ions, (3) serum proteins, and (4) cells. Plasma comprises about 55% of blood volume and is the transportation medium for important serum proteins such as albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, prothrombin, and plasminogen. The hematopoietic cells comprise the remaining 45% of blood volume. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember/Knowledge REF: p. 441 OBJ: Explain the normal anatomy and physiology of the hematological and immune systems. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity 2. Erythrocytes (RBCs) are flexible biconcave disks without nuclei whose primary component is an oxygen-carrying molecule called NURSINGTB.COM a. erythropoietin. b. a reticulocyte. c. hemoglobin. d. 2,3-DPG ANS: C Erythrocytes (RBCs) are flexible biconcave disks without nuclei whose primary component is an oxygen-carrying molecule called hemoglobin. RBCs are generated from precursor stem cells under the influence of a growth factor called erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is secreted by the kidney in response to a perceived decrease in perfusion or tissue hypoxia. Reticulocytes are immature RBCs that may be released when there is a demand for RBCs that exceeds the number of available mature cells. The oxygen affinity for hemoglobin is modulated primarily by the concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and depends on the blood pH and body temperature. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember/Knowledge REF: p. 441 OBJ: Explain the normal anatomy and physiology of the hematological and immune systems. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity 3. Erythrocytes (RBCs) are generated from precursor stem cells under the influence of a growth factor called a. reticulocytes. b. hemoglobin.
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