Chapter 07: Neoplasia Ibsen: Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which choice represents a characteristic of malignant tumors? a. Encapsulated b. Ability to spread to distant sites c. Benign d. Cells resemble normal cells ANS: B
Malignant tumors have the ability to spread to distant sites. Cancer is synonymous with malignancy. Encapsulated is a characteristic of benign rather than malignant tumors. It means the tumor is walled off by surrounding fibrous connective tissue. Sometimes a benign tumor can invade adjacent structures, but it does not have the ability to spread to distant sites. The cells of benign tumors almost always resemble normal cells, whereas malignant tumors vary in their histologic appearance. REF: Classification of Tumors, page 219
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2. Anaplastic means the tumor a. is composed of cells that vary in size and shape. b. has cells with darker nuclei than those of normal cells. c. has cells that exhibit an increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. d. does not resemble the tissue from which it was derived. ANS: D
Anaplastic means the tumor does not resemble the tissue from which it was derived. Pleomorphic means the tumor is composed of cells that vary in size and shape. The nuclei of malignant tumor cells are often hyperchromatic; that is, they are darker than those of normal cells. The nuclei of malignant tumor cells exhibit an increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, but anaplastic means the tumor does not resemble the tissue from which it was derived. REF: Classification of Tumors, page 220
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3. A benign tumor of bone is called a(n) a. osteoma. b. osteogenic sarcoma. c. chondroma. d. carcinoma. ANS: A
A benign tumor of bone is called an osteoma. The prefix of the name of a tumor is determined by the tissue or cell of origin. The suffix -oma is used to indicate a tumor. Malignant tumors of epithelium are called carcinomas, and malignant tumors of connective tissue are called sarcomas. Thus a malignant tumor of bone is an osteogenic sarcoma. A chondroma is a benign tumor of cartilage. A carcinoma is a malignant tumor of epithelium. REF: Name of Tumors, page 220
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