TEST BANK For Investments 13e By Zvi Bodie, Alex Kane, Alan Marcus. Answers At The End Of Each Chapt by StudyGuide

Chapter 1: 1) The material wealth of a society is a function of: A) all financial assets. B) all real assets. C) all financial and real assets. D) all physical assets. E) all physical and financial assets.

are real assets. A) Land and mortgages B) Machines and bonds C) Stocks and bonds D) Knowledge and stocks E) Land, machines, and knowledge

3) The means by which individuals hold their claims on real assets in a well-developed

economy are: A) investment assets. B) depository assets. C) derivative assets. D) financial assets. E) exchange-driven assets.

4) A) B) C) D) E)

are financial assets. Bonds and land Machines and derivatives Stocks and intellectual property Bonds and stocks Bonds, machines, and stocks

5) _________ financial asset(s). A) Buildings are B) Land is a C) Derivatives and intellectual property are D) U.S. agency bonds and buildings are E) Derivatives and U.S. agency bonds are

6) Financial assets: A) directly contribute to the country's productive capacity. B) indirectly contribute to the country's productive capacity. C) contribute to the country's productive capacity, both directly and indirectly. D) do not contribute to the country's productive capacity, either directly or indirectly. E) are of no value to anyone.

7) In 2021, ____________ was the most significant real asset of U.S. households in terms of

total value. A) consumer durables B) automobiles C) real estate D) mutual fund shares E) bank loans

8) In 2021, _____________was the least significant financial asset of U.S. households in terms

of total value. A) real estate B) mutual fund shares C) debt securities D) life insurance reserves E) pension reserves

9) In 2021, _____________ was the most significant financial asset of U.S. households in terms

of total value. A) real estate B) mutual fund shares C) debt securities D) life insurance reserves E) pension reserves

10) In 2021, ____________ was the most significant asset of U.S. households in terms of total

value. A) B) C) D) E)

real estate mutual fund shares debt securities life insurance reserves pension reserves

11) In 2021, ____________ were the most significant liability of U.S. households in terms of

total value. A) credit cards B) mortgages C) bank loans D) student loans E) other forms of debt

12) In 2021, which of the following financial assets make up the greatest proportion of the

financial assets held by U.S. households? A) Pension reserves B) Life insurance reserves C) Mutual fund shares D) Debt securities E) Personal trusts

13) In 2021, _______ of the assets of U.S. households were financial assets. A) 24.4% B) 28.9% C) 58.4% D) 71.1% E) 87.2%

14) The largest component of domestic net worth in 2021 was: A) nonresidential real estate. B) residential real estate. C) inventories. D) consumer durables. E) equipment and software.

15) The smallest component of domestic net worth in 2021 was: A) nonresidential real estate. B) residential real estate. C) inventories. D) consumer durables. E) equipment and software.

16) The domestic net worth of the U.S. in 2021 was: A) $9.350 trillion. B) $20.813 trillion. C) $45.816 trillion. D) $86.282 trillion. E) $80.983 trillion.

17) A fixed-income security pays: A) a fixed level of income for the life of the owner. B) a fixed stream of income or a stream of income that is determined according to a

specified formula for the life of the security. C) a variable level of income for owners on a fixed income. D) a fixed or variable income stream at the option of the owner. E) None of the choices are correct.

18) A debt security pays: A) a fixed level of income for the life of the owner. B) a variable level of income for owners on a fixed income. C) a fixed or variable income stream at the option of the owner. D) a fixed stream of income or a stream of income that is determined according to a

specified formula for the life of the security.

19) Money market securities: A) are short term. B) are highly marketable. C) are generally very low risk. D) None of the options are correct. E) All of the options are correct.

20) An example of a derivative security is: A) a common share of Microsoft but not a commodity futures contract. B) a call option on Intel stock but not a commodity futures contract. C) a commodity futures contract or a common share of Microsoft. D) a call option on Intel stock or a commodity futures contract. E) a common share of Microsoft or a call option on Intel stock.

21) The value of a derivative security: A) depends on the value of the related security. B) is unable to be calculated. C) is unrelated to the value of the related security. D) has been enhanced due to the recent misuse and negative publicity regarding these

instruments. E) is worthless today.

22) Although derivatives can be used as speculative instruments, businesses most often use them

to: A) B) C) D) E)

attract customers. appease stockholders. offset debt. hedge risks. enhance their balance sheets.

23) Financial assets permit all of the following except: A) consumption timing. B) allocation of risk. C) separation of ownership and control. D) elimination of risk. E) All of the choices are correct.

24) The ____________ refers to the potential conflict between management and shareholders. A) agency problem B) diversification problem C) liquidity problem D) solvency problem E) regulatory problem

25) A disadvantage of using stock options to compensate managers is that: A) it encourages managers to undertake projects that will increase stock price. B) it encourages managers to engage in empire building. C) it can create an incentive for managers to manipulate information to prop up a stock

price temporarily, giving them a chance to cash out before the price returns to a level reflective of the firm's true prospects. D) All of the choices are correct. E) None of the choices are correct.

26) Which of the following are mechanisms that have evolved to mitigate potential agency

problems? 1. Using the firm's stock options for compensation 2. Hiring bickering family members as corporate spies 3. Boards of directors forcing out underperforming management 4. Security analysts monitoring the firm closely 5. Takeover threats A) II and V B) I, III, and IV C) I, III, IV, and V D) III, IV, and V E) I, III, and V

27) Corporate shareholders are best protected from incompetent management decisions by: A) the ability to engage in proxy fights. B) management's control of pecuniary rewards. C) the ability to call shareholder meetings. D) the threat of takeover by other firms. E) one-share per one-vote election rules.

28) Theoretically, takeovers should result in: A) improved management and decreased stock price. B) increased stock price and increased benefits to existing management of the taken-over

firm. C) increased benefits to existing management of the taken-over firm. D) improved management and increased stock price. E) All of the options are correct.

29) During the period between 2000 and 2002, a large number of scandals were uncovered. Most

of these scandals were related to: 1. manipulation of financial data to misrepresent the actual condition of the firm. 2. misleading and overly optimistic research reports produced by analysts. 3. allocating IPOs to executives as a quid pro quo for personal favors. 4. greenmail. A) II, III, and IV B) I, II, and IV C) II and IV D) I, III, and IV E) I, II, and III

30) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act: A) requires corporations to have more independent directors. B) requires the firm's CFO to personally vouch for the firm's accounting statements. C) prohibits auditing firms from providing other services to clients. D) requires corporations to have more independent directors and requires the firm's CFO

to personally vouch for the firm's accounting statements. E) All of the choices are correct.

31) Asset allocation refers to: A) choosing which securities to hold based on their valuation. B) investing only in "safe" securities. C) the allocation of assets into broad asset classes. D) bottom-up analysis. E) All of the choices are correct.

32) Security selection refers to: A) choosing which securities to hold based on their valuation. B) investing only in "safe" securities. C) the allocation of assets into broad asset classes. D) top-down analysis. E) All of the choices are correct.

33) Which of the following portfolio construction methods starts with security analysis? A) Top-down B) Bottom-up C) Middle-out D) Buy and hold E) None of the choices are correct.

34) Which of the following portfolio construction methods starts with asset allocation? A) Top-down B) Bottom-up C) Middle-out D) Buy and hold E) Asset allocation

35) _______ are examples of financial intermediaries. A) Commercial banks B) Insurance companies C) Investment companies D) Credit unions E) All of the options are correct.

36) Financial intermediaries exist because small investors cannot efficiently: A) diversify their portfolios. B) assess credit risk of borrowers. C) advertise for needed investments. D) diversify their portfolios and assess credit risk of borrowers. E) All of the options are correct.

37) ________ specialize in helping companies raise capital by selling securities. A) Commercial bankers B) Investment bankers C) Investment issuers D) Credit rating agencies E) All of the choices are correct.

38) Commercial banks differ from other businesses in that both their assets and their liabilities

are mostly: A) B) C) D) E)

illiquid. financial. real. owned by the government. regulated.

39) In 2021, ____________ was(were) the most significant financial asset(s) of U.S. commercial

banks in terms of total value. A) loans and leases B) cash C) real estate D) deposits E) investment securities

40) In 2021, ____________ was(were) the most significant liability(ies) of U.S. commercial

banks in terms of total value. A) loans and leases B) cash C) real estate D) deposits E) investment securities

41) In 2021, ____________ was(were) the most significant real asset(s) of U.S. nonfinancial

businesses in terms of total value. A) equipment and software B) inventory C) real estate D) trade credit E) marketable securities

42) In 2021, ____________ was(were) the least significant real asset(s) of U.S. nonfinancial

businesses in terms of total value. A) equipment and software B) inventory C) real estate D) trade credit E) marketable securities

43) In 2021, ____________ was(were) the least significant liability(ies) of U.S. nonfinancial

businesses in terms of total value. A) bonds B) bank loans and mortgages C) inventories D) trade debt E) marketable securities

44) In terms of total value, the most significant liability(ies) of U.S. nonfinancial businesses in

2021 was(were): A) bank loans and mortgages. B) debt securities. C) trade debt. D) other loans. E) marketable securities.

45) In 2021, ____________ was(were) the least significant financial asset(s) of U.S. nonfinancial

businesses in terms of total value. A) cash and deposits B) trade credit C) trade debt D) inventory E) marketable securities

46) New issues of securities are sold in the ________ market(s). A) primary B) secondary C) over-the-counter D) primary and secondary E) All of the choices are correct.

47) Investors trade previously issued securities in the ________ market(s). A) primary B) secondary C) primary and secondary D) derivatives E) derivatives and primary

48) Investment bankers perform which of the following role(s)? A) Market new stock and bond issues for firms B) Provide advice to the firms as to market conditions, price, etc. C) Design securities with desirable properties D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

49) Until 1999, the ________ Act(s) prohibited banks in the United States from both accepting

deposits and underwriting securities. A) Sarbanes-Oxley B) Glass-Steagall C) SEC D) Sarbanes-Oxley and SEC E) None of the options are correct.

50) The spread between the LIBOR and the Treasury-bill rate is called the: A) term spread. B) T-bill spread. C) LIBOR spread. D) TED spread. E) All of the choices are correct.

51) Mortgage-backed securities were created when ________ began buying mortgage loans from

originators and bundling them into large pools that could be traded like any other financial asset. A) GNMA B) FNMA C) FHLMC D) FNMA and FHLMC E) GNMA and FNMA

52) The sale of a mortgage portfolio by setting up mortgage pass-through securities is an

example of: A) credit enhancement. B) credit swap. C) unbundling. D) derivatives. E) All of the choices are correct.

53) Which of the following is true about mortgage-backed securities? 1. They aggregate individual home mortgages into homogeneous pools. 2. The purchaser receives monthly interest and principal payments received from payments

made on the pool. 3. The banks that originated the mortgages maintain ownership of them. 4. The banks that originated the mortgages may continue to service them. A) II, III, and IV B) I, II, and IV C) II and IV D) I, III, and IV E) I, II, III, and IV

54) ________ were designed to concentrate the credit risk of a bundle of loans on one class of

investor, leaving the other investors in the pool relatively protected from that risk. A) Stocks B) Bonds C) Derivatives D) Collateralized debt obligations E) All of the options are correct.

55) ________ are, in essence, an insurance contract against the default of one or more borrowers. A) Credit default swaps B) CMOs C) ETFs D) Collateralized debt obligations E) All of the options are correct.

56) The technology behind cryptocurrencies that is ideal for secure digital transactions is called

_____________. A) bitcoin B) blockchain C) distributed ledgers D) ethereum E) All of the options are correct.

57) A major problem experienced by cryptocurrency, which makes it problematic to store value

is _____________. A) distributed ledgers B) blockchain C) price volatility D) transaction security E) All of the options are correct.

58) Which country(ies) has banned initial coin offerings? A) China and South Korea B) Germany and Austria C) Japan D) USA E) All of the options are correct.

59) The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 exempted

smaller banks from which rule? A) Liquidity B) Reserves C) Demand deposit D) Volcker E) All of the options are correct.

60) According to the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018

many larger banks are no longer considered _____________. A) insurable B) high risk C) insolvent D) systematically important E) All of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 1 1) B 2) E 3) D 4) D 5) E 6) B 7) C 8) D 9) E 10) A 11) B 12) A 13) D 14) B 15) C 16) D 17) B 18) D 19) E 20) D 21) A 22) D 23) D 24) A 25) C 26) C 27) D 28) D 29) E 30) E 31) C 32) A 33) B 34) A 35) E 36) E 37) B

38) B 39) A 40) D 41) C 42) B 43) B 44) B 45) A 46) A 47) B 48) D 49) B 50) D 51) D 52) B 53) B 54) D 55) A 56) B 57) C 58) A 59) D 60) D

Chapter 2:__________ 1) Which of the following is or are not a characteristic(s) of a money market instrument? A) Liquidity only B) Marketability only C) Long maturity only D) Liquidity premium only E) Long maturity and liquidity premium

2) The money market is a subsector of the: A) commodity market. B) capital market. C) derivatives market. D) equity market. E) None of the options are correct.

3) Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS): A) pay a fixed interest rate for life. B) pay a variable interest rate that is indexed to inflation but maintain a constant

principal. C) provide a variable stream of income in real (inflation-adjusted) dollars. D) have their principal adjusted inversely to the Consumer Price Index. E) provide a constant stream of income in real (inflation-adjusted) dollars and have their principal adjusted in proportion to the Consumer Price Index.

4) Which one of the following is not a money market instrument? A) Treasury bill B) Negotiable certificate of deposit C) Commercial paper D) Treasury bond E) Eurodollar account

5) T-bills are financial instruments initially sold by ________ to raise funds. A) commercial banks B) the U.S. government C) state and local governments D) agencies of the federal government E) the U.S. government and agencies of the federal government

6) The bid price of a T-bill in the secondary market is: A) the price at which the dealer in T-bills is willing to sell the bill. B) the price at which the dealer in T-bills is willing to buy the bill. C) greater than the asked price of the T-bill. D) the price at which the investor can buy the T-bill. E) never quoted in the financial press.

7) In 2020, which of the following asset-backed securities had the largest value outstanding?

Use Figure 2.7. A) Automobile B) Student Loans C) Credit Card D) Equipment E) Treasury bills

8) The smallest component of the fixed-income market is _______ debt. Use Figure 2.9. A) Treasury B) other asset-backed C) corporate D) tax-exempt E) mortgage-backed

9) The largest component of the fixed-income market is _______ debt. Use Figure 2.9. A) Treasury B) asset-backed C) corporate D) tax-exempt E) mortgage-backed

10) Which of the following is not a component of the money market? A) Repurchase agreements B) Eurodollars C) Real estate investment trusts D) Money market mutual funds E) Commercial paper

11) Commercial paper is a short-term security issued by ________ to raise funds. A) the Federal Reserve Bank B) commercial banks C) large, well-known companies D) the New York Stock Exchange E) state and local governments

12) Which one of the following terms best describes Eurodollars? A) Dollar-denominated deposits only in European banks. B) Dollar-denominated deposits at branches of foreign banks in the U.S. C) Dollar-denominated deposits at foreign banks and branches of American banks

outside the U.S. D) Dollar-denominated deposits at American banks in the U.S. E) Dollars that have been exchanged for European currency.

13) Deposits of commercial banks at the Federal Reserve Bank are called: A) bankers' acceptances. B) repurchase agreements. C) time deposits. D) federal funds. E) reserve requirements.

14) The interest rate charged by banks with excess reserves at a Federal Reserve Bank to banks

needing overnight loans to meet reserve requirements is called the: A) prime rate. B) discount rate. C) federal funds rate. D) call money rate. E) money market rate.

15) Which of the following statements are true regarding municipal bonds? 1. A municipal bond is a debt obligation issued by state or local governments. 2. A municipal bond is a debt obligation issued by the federal government. 3. The interest income from a municipal bond is exempt from federal income taxation. 4. The interest income from a municipal bond is exempt from state and local taxation in the

issuing state. A) I and II only B) I and III only C) I, II, and III only D) I, III, and IV only E) I and IV only

16) Which of the following statements is true regarding a corporate bond? A) A corporate callable bond gives the holder the right to exchange it for a specified

number of the company's common shares. B) A corporate debenture is a secured bond. C) A corporate indenture is a secured bond. D) A corporate convertible bond gives the holder the right to exchange the bond for a specified number of the company's common shares. E) Holders of corporate bonds have voting rights in the company.

17) In the event of the firm's bankruptcy, A) the most shareholders can lose is their original investment in the firm's stock. B) common shareholders are the first in line to receive their claims on the firm's assets. C) bondholders have claim to what is left from the liquidation of the firm's assets after

paying the shareholders. D) the claims of preferred shareholders are honored before those of the common shareholders. E) the most shareholders can lose is their original investment in the firm's stock and the claims of preferred shareholders are honored before those of the common shareholders.

18) Which of the following is true regarding a firm's securities? A) Common dividends are paid before preferred dividends. B) Preferred stockholders have voting rights. C) Preferred dividends are usually cumulative. D) Preferred dividends are contractual obligations. E) Common dividends can usually be paid if preferred dividends have been skipped.

19) Which of the following is true of the Dow Jones Industrial Average? A) It is a value-weighted average of 30 large industrial stocks. B) It is a price-weighted average of 30 large industrial only stocks. C) It is a value-weighted average of 30 large industrial stocks, and the divisor is not

adjusted for stock splits. D) It is a value-weighted average of 30 large industrial stocks, and the divisor must be adjusted for stock splits. E) It is a price-weighted average of 30 large blue-chip stocks, and the divisor must be adjusted for stock splits.

20) Which of the following indices is(are) market-value weighted? 1. The New York Stock Exchange Composite Index 2. The Standard and Poor's 500 Stock Index 3. The Dow Jones Industrial Average A) I only B) I and II only C) I and III only D) I, II, and III E) II and III only

21) The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is computed by: A) adding the prices of 30 large "blue-chip" stocks and dividing by 30. B) calculating the total market value of the 30 firms in the index and dividing by 30. C) adding the prices of the 30 stocks in the index and dividing by a divisor. D) adding the prices of the 500 stocks in the index and dividing by a divisor. E) adding the prices of the 30 stocks in the index and dividing by the value of these

stocks as of some base date period.

22) Consider the following three stocks: Stock Price Stock A Stock B Stock C

$ 40 $ 70 $ 10

Number of shares outstanding 200 500 600

The price-weighted index constructed with the three stocks is: A) 30. B) 40. C) 50. D) 60. E) 70.

23) Consider the following three stocks: Stock Price Stock A Stock B Stock C

$ 40 $ 70 $ 10

Number of shares outstanding 200 500 600

The value-weighted index constructed with the three stocks using a divisor of 100 is: A) 1.2. B) 1200. C) 490. D) 4900. E) 49.

24) Consider the following three stocks: Stock Price Stock A Stock B Stock C

$ 40 $ 70 $ 10

Number of shares outstanding 200 500 600

Assume at these prices that the value-weighted index constructed with the three stocks is 490. What would the index be if stock B is split 2 for 1 and stock C 4 for 1? A) 265 B) 430 C) 355 D) 490 E) 1000

25) The price quotations of Treasury bonds in the Wall Street Journal show an ask price of

104.250 and a bid price of 104.125. If the treasury bonds have a par value of $1,000. As a buyer of the bond, what is the dollar price you expect to pay? A) $1,048.00 B) $1,042.50 C) $1,044.00 D) $1,041.25 E) $1,040.40

26) The price quotations of Treasury bonds in the Wall Street Journal show an ask price of

104.250 and a bid price of 104.125. If the treasury bonds have a par value of $1,000. As a seller of the bond, what is the dollar price you expect to receive? A) $1,048.00 B) $1,042.50 C) $1,041.25 D) $1,041.75 E) $1,040.40

27) An investor purchases one municipal and one corporate bond that pay rates of return of 8%

and 10%, respectively. If the investor is in the 22% marginal tax bracket, his or her after-tax rates of return on the municipal and corporate bonds would be ________and ________, respectively. A) 8%; 10% B) 8%; 7.8% C) 6.4%; 8% D) 6.4%; 10% E) 10%; 10%

28) An investor purchases one municipal and one corporate bond that pay rates of return of 7.5%

and 10.3%, respectively. If the investor is in the 24% marginal tax bracket, his or her aftertax rates of return on the municipal and corporate bonds would be ________ and ______, respectively. A) 7.5%; 10.3% B) 7.5%; 7.83% C) 5.63%; 7.73% D) 5.63%; 10.3% E) 10%; 10%

29) An investor purchases one municipal and one corporate bond that pay rates of return of 7.5%

and 10.0%, respectively. If the investor is in the 20% marginal tax bracket, his or her aftertax rates of return on the municipal and corporate bonds would be ________ and ________, respectively. A) 7.5%; 12.0% B) 7.5%; 8.0% C) 5.63%; 12.0% D) 5.63%; 8.0% E) 10%; 10%

30) What marginal tax bracket would suggest indifference between corporate bonds (yielding

10%) and municipal bonds (yielding 8%)? A) 0% B) 20% C) 21% D) 25% E) Unable to determine given the information provided.

31) In calculating the Standard and Poor's stock price indices, the adjustment for stock split

occurs: A) B) C) D)

by adjusting the divisor. automatically. by adjusting the numerator. quarterly on the last trading day of each quarter.

32) Which of the following statements regarding the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is

false? A) B) C) D) E)

The DJIA is not very representative of the market as a whole. The DJIA consists of 30 blue chip stocks. The DJIA is affected equally by changes in low- and high-priced stocks. The DJIA divisor needs to be adjusted for stock splits. The value of the DJIA is much higher than individual stock prices.

33) The index that includes the largest number of actively-traded stocks is: A) the NASDAQ Composite Index. B) the NYSE Composite Index. C) the Wilshire 5000 Index. D) the Value Line Composite Index. E) the Russell Index.

34) A 5.5%, 20-year municipal bond is currently priced to yield 7.2%. For a taxpayer in the 33%

marginal tax bracket, this bond would offer an equivalent taxable yield of: A) 8.46%. B) 10.75%. C) 12.40%. D) 3.58%.

35) If the market prices of each of the 30 stocks in the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) all

change by the same percentage amount during a given day, which stock will have the greatest impact on the DJIA? A) The stock trading at the highest dollar price per share B) The stock having the greatest amount of debt in its capital structure C) The stock having the greatest amount of equity in its capital structure D) The stock having the lowest volatility

36) The stocks on the Dow Jones Industrial Average: A) have remained unchanged since the creation of the index. B) include most of the stocks traded on the NYSE. C) are changed occasionally as circumstances dictate. D) consist of stocks on which the investor cannot lose money. E) include most of the stocks traded on the NYSE and are changed occasionally as

circumstances dictate.

37) Federally-sponsored agency debt: A) is legally insured by the U.S. Treasury. B) would probably be backed by the U.S. Treasury in the event of a near-default. C) has a small positive yield spread relative to U.S. Treasuries. D) would probably be backed by the U.S. Treasury in the event of a near-default and has

a small positive yield spread relative to U.S. Treasuries. E) is legally insured by the U.S. Treasury and has a small positive yield spread relative to U.S. Treasuries.

38) Brokers' calls: A) are funds used by individuals who wish to sell stocks on margin. B) are funds borrowed by the broker from the bank, with no formal agreement to repay

the bank immediately if requested to do so. C) carry a rate that is usually about one percentage point lower than the rate on U.S. Tbills. D) are funds used by individuals who wish to buy stocks on margin and are funds borrowed by the broker from the bank with the agreement to repay the bank immediately if requested to do so. E) are funds used by individuals who wish to buy stocks on margin and carry a rate that is usually about one percentage point lower than the rate on U.S. T-bills.

39) A form of short-term borrowing by dealers in government securities is (are): A) reserve requirements. B) repurchase agreements. C) bankers' acceptances. D) commercial paper. E) brokers' calls.

40) Which of the following securities is a money market instrument? A) Treasury note B) Treasury bond C) Municipal bond D) Commercial paper E) Mortgage security

41) The yield to maturity reported in the financial pages for Treasury securities: A) is calculated by compounding the semiannual yield. B) is calculated by halving the semiannual yield. C) is also called the security equivalent yield. D) is calculated as the yield-to-call for premium bonds. E) is calculated by doubling the semiannual yield and is also called the bond equivalent

yield.

42) Which of the following is not a mortgage-related government or government-sponsored

agency? A) The Federal Home Loan Bank B) The Federal National Mortgage Association C) The U.S. Treasury D) Freddie Mac E) Ginnie Mae

43) For you to be indifferent between the after-tax returns on a corporate bond paying 8.50% and

a tax-exempt municipal bond paying 6.12%, what would your tax bracket need to be? A) 33% B) 72% C) 15% D) 28% E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

44) What does the term negotiable mean, regarding negotiable certificates of deposit? A) The CD can be sold to another investor if the owner needs to cash it in before its

maturity date. B) The rate of interest on the CD is subject to negotiation. C) The CD is automatically reinvested at its maturity date. D) The CD has staggered maturity dates built in. E) The interest rate paid on the CD will vary with a designated market rate.

45) Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae were organized to provide: A) a primary market for mortgage transactions. B) liquidity for the mortgage market. C) a primary market for farm loan transactions. D) liquidity for the farm loan market. E) a source of funds for government agencies.

46) The type of municipal bond that is used to finance commercial enterprises, such as the

construction of a new building for a corporation, is called: A) a corporate courtesy bond. B) a revenue bond. C) a general-obligation bond. D) a tax-anticipation note. E) an industrial development bond.

47) Suppose an investor is considering a corporate bond with a 7.17% before-tax yield and a

municipal bond with a 5.93% before-tax yield. At what marginal tax rate would the investor be indifferent between investing in the corporate and investing in the muni? A) 15.4% B) 23.7% C) 39.5% D) 17.3% E) 12.4%

48) Which of the following are typical characteristics of preferred stock? 1. It pays its holder a fixed amount of income each year at the discretion of its managers. 2. It gives its holder voting power in the firm. 3. Its dividends are usually cumulative. 4. Failure to pay dividends may result in bankruptcy proceedings. A) I, III, and IV B) I, II, and III C) I and III D) I, II, and IV E) I, II, III, and IV

49) Bond market indexes can be difficult to construct because: A) they cannot be based on firms' market values. B) bonds tend to trade infrequently, making price information difficult to obtain. C) there are so many kinds of bonds. D) prices cannot be obtained for companies that operate in emerging markets. E) corporations are not required to disclose the details of their bond issues.

50) Regarding a futures contract, the long position is held by: A) the trader who bought the contract at the largest discount. B) the trader who must travel the farthest distance to deliver the commodity. C) the trader who plans to hold the contract open for the lengthiest time period. D) the trader who commits to purchasing the commodity on the delivery date. E) the trader who commits to delivering the commodity on the delivery date.

51) For you to be indifferent between the after-tax returns on a corporate bond paying 9% and a

tax-exempt municipal bond paying 7%, what would your tax bracket need to be? A) 17.6% B) 27.9% C) 22.2% D) 19.8% E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

52) For you to be indifferent between the after-tax returns on a corporate bond paying 7% and a

tax-exempt municipal bond paying 5.5%, what would your tax bracket need to be? A) 22.6% B) 21.4% C) 26.2% D) 19.8% E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

53) An investor purchases one municipal and one corporate bond that pay rates of return of 6%

and 8%, respectively. If the investor is in the 24% marginal tax bracket, his or her after-tax rates of return on the municipal and corporate bonds would be _________ and _______, respectively. A) 6%; 8% B) 4.5%; 6% C) 4.5%; 8% D) 6%; 6.08%

54) An investor purchases one municipal and one corporate bond that pay rates of return of 7.2%

and 9.1%, respectively. If the investor is in the 12% marginal tax bracket, his or her after-tax rates of return on the municipal and corporate bonds would be ________ and ______, respectively. A) 7.20%; 9.10% B) 7.20%; 8.01% C) 6.12%; 7.74% D) 8.47%; 9.10%

55) For a taxpayer in the 24% marginal tax bracket, a 20-year municipal bond currently yielding

5.5% would offer an equivalent taxable yield of: A) 7.24%. B) 10.75%. C) 5.50%. D) 4.13%.

56) For a taxpayer in the 12% marginal tax bracket, a 15-year municipal bond currently yielding

6.2% would offer an equivalent taxable yield of: A) 6.20%. B) 5.27%. C) 8.32%. D) 7.05%.

57) Regarding a futures contract, the short position is held by: A) the trader who bought the contract at the largest discount. B) the trader who must travel the farthest distance to deliver the commodity. C) the trader who plans to hold the contract open for the lengthiest time period. D) the trader who commits to purchasing the commodity on the delivery date. E) the trader who commits to delivering the commodity on the delivery date.

58) A call option allows the buyer to: A) sell the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date. B) buy the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date. C) sell the option in the open market prior to expiration. D) sell the underlying asset at the exercise price on or after the expiration date and sell

the option in the open market prior to expiration. E) buy the underlying asset at the exercise price on or after the expiration date and sell the option in the open market prior to expiration.

59) A put option allows the holder to: A) buy the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date. B) sell the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date. C) sell the option in the open market prior to expiration. D) sell the underlying asset at the strike price on or after the expiration date and sell the

option in the open market prior to expiration. E) buy the underlying asset at the strike price on or after the expiration date and sell the option in the open market prior to expiration.

60) The _____ index represents the performance of the German stock market. A) DAX B) FTSE C) Nikkei D) Hang Seng

61) The _____ index represents the performance of the Japanese stock market. A) DAX B) FTSE C) Nikkei D) Hang Seng

62) The _____ index represents the performance of the U.K. stock market. A) DAX B) FTSE C) Nikkei D) Hang Seng

63) The _____ index represents the performance of the Hong Kong stock market. A) DAX B) FTSE C) Nikkei D) Hang Seng

64) The _____ index represents the performance of the Canadian stock market. A) DAX B) FTSE C) TSX D) Hang Seng

65) The ultimate stock index in the U.S. is the: A) Wilshire 5000. B) DJIA. C) S&P 500. D) Russell 2000.

66) The _____ is an example of a U.S. index of only large firms. A) Wilshire 5000 B) DJIA C) DAX D) Russell 2000 E) All of the options are correct.

67) The _____ is an example of a U.S. index of small firms. A) S&P 500 B) DJIA C) DAX D) Russell 2000 E) All of the options are correct.

68) Certificates of deposit are insured by the: A) SPIC. B) CFTC. C) Lloyds of London. D) FDIC. E) All of the options are correct.

69) Certificates of deposit are insured for up to ____________ in the event of bank insolvency. A) $10,000 B) $100,000 C) $250,000 D) $500,000

70) The maximum maturity of commercial paper that can be issued without SEC registration is: A) 270 days. B) 180 days. C) 90 days. D) 30 days.

71) Which of the following is used extensively in foreign trade when the creditworthiness of one

trader is unknown to the trading partner? A) Repos B) Bankers' acceptances C) Eurodollars D) Federal funds E) Yankee bonds

72) A U.S. dollar-denominated bond that is sold in Singapore is a(n): A) Eurobond. B) Yankee bond. C) Samurai bond. D) Formosa bond. E) Malay bond.

73) A municipal bond issued to finance an airport, hospital, turnpike, or port authority is

typically a: A) revenue bond. B) general-obligation bond. C) industrial-development bond. D) revenue bond or general-obligation bond.

74) Unsecured bonds are called: A) junk bonds. B) indebentures. C) indentures. D) subordinated secured debentures. E) either debentures or subordinated debentures.

75) A bond that can be retired prior to maturity by the issuer is a(n) ____________ bond. A) convertible B) secured C) unsecured D) callable E) Yankee

76) Corporations can exclude ___________% of the dividends received from preferred stock

from taxes. A) 50 B) 70 C) 20 D) 15 E) 62

77) You purchased a futures contract on corn at a futures price of 350, and at the time of

expiration, the price was 352. What was your profit or loss? Note: Assume prices are quoted in cents per bushel. A) $2.00 B) −$2.00 C) $100 D) −$100

78) You purchased a futures contract on corn at a futures price of 331, and at the time of

expiration, the price was 343. What was your profit or loss? Note: Assume prices are quoted in cents per bushel. A) −$12.00 B) $12.00 C) −$600 D) $600

79) You sold a futures contract on corn at a futures price of 350, and at the time of expiration, the

price was 352. What was your profit or loss? Note: Assume prices are quoted in cents per bushel. A) $2.00 B) −$2.00 C) $100 D) −$100

80) You sold a futures contract on corn at a futures price of 331, and at the time of expiration, the

price was 343. What was your profit or loss? Note: Assume prices are quoted in cents per bushel. A) −$12.00 B) $12.00 C) −$600 D) $600

81) You purchased a futures contract on oats at a futures price of 233.75, and at the time of

expiration, the price was 261.25. What was your profit or loss? Note: Assume prices are quoted in cents per bushel. A) $1,375.00 B) −$1,375.00 C) −$27.50 D) $27.50

82) You sold a futures contract on oats at a futures price of 233.75, and at the time of expiration,

the price was 261.25. What was your profit or loss? Note: Assume prices are quoted in cents per bushel. A) $1,375.00 B) −$1,375.00 C) −$27.50 D) $27.50

83) What short term interest rate was proposed to be phased out by 2021? A) SONIA B) LIBOR C) Tokyo Interbank rate D) Euribor E) US Treasury Repo

84) What interest rate have British regulators proposed be the new short term benchmark rate? A) SONIA B) LIBOR C) Tokyo Interbank rate D) Euribor E) US Treasury Repo

85) What interest rate have US regulators proposed be the new short term benchmark rate? A) SONIA B) LIBOR C) Tokyo Interbank rate D) Euribor E) US Treasury Repo

86) A corporate bond is listed in the Wall Street Journal and shows an ask price of 98.62. If the

corporate bonds have a par value of $1,000, what dollar amount should a buyer expect to pay? A) $98.62 B) $986.20 C) $1,000.00 D) $1,081.25 E) $1,140.40

87) An investor pays $104,280 for a treasury bond. The price listed in the Wall Street Journal

show as the ask price will be _________. A) 98.20 B) 100.00 C) 104.28 D) 106.33 E) 108.00

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 2 1) E 2) E 3) E 4) D 5) B 6) B 7) A 8) B 9) A 10) C 11) C 12) C 13) D 14) C 15) D 16) D 17) E 18) C 19) E 20) B 21) C 22) B 23) C 24) D 25) B 26) C 27) B 28) B 29) B 30) B 31) B 32) C 33) C 34) B 35) A 36) C 37) D

38) D 39) B 40) D 41) E 42) C 43) D 44) A 45) B 46) E 47) D 48) C 49) B 50) D 51) C 52) B 53) D 54) B 55) A 56) D 57) E 58) B 59) B 60) A 61) C 62) B 63) D 64) C 65) A 66) B 67) D 68) D 69) C 70) A 71) B 72) A 73) A 74) E 75) D 76) A 77) C

78) D 79) D 80) C 81) A 82) B 83) B 84) A 85) E 86) B 87) C

Chapter 3:__________ 1) The trading of stock that was previously issued takes place: A) in the secondary market. B) in the primary market. C) usually with the assistance of an investment banker. D) in the secondary and primary markets.

2) A purchase of a new issue of stock takes place: A) in the secondary market. B) in the primary or secondary market. C) usually with the assistance of a commercial banker. D) in the secondary and primary markets. E) in the primary market and usually with the assistance of an investment banker.

3) Firms raise capital by issuing stock A) in the secondary market. B) in the primary market. C) to unwary investors. D) only on days when the market is up. E) None of the options are correct.

4) Which of the following statements regarding the specialist are true? A) Specialists maintain a book listing outstanding, unexecuted limit orders but cannot

trade in their own accounts. B) Specialists earn income from commissions and spreads in stock prices but cannot trade in their own accounts. C) Specialists stand ready to trade at quoted bid and ask prices but cannot trade in their own accounts. D) Specialists cannot trade in their own accounts. E) Specialists maintain a book listing outstanding, unexecuted limit orders, earn income from commissions and spreads in stock prices, and stand ready to trade at quoted bid and ask prices.

5) Investment bankers: A) act as intermediaries between issuers of stocks and investors but not as advisors. B) act as advisors to companies in helping them analyze their financial needs and find

buyers for newly-issued securities. C) accept deposits from savers and lend them out to companies. D) act as intermediaries between issuers of stocks and investors and act as advisors to companies in helping them analyze their financial needs and find buyers for newlyissued securities.

6) In a "firm commitment," the investment banker: A) buys the stock from the company and resells the issue to the public. B) agrees to help the firm sell the stock at a favorable price. C) finds the best marketing arrangement for the investment-banking firm. D) agrees to help the firm sell the stock at a favorable price and finds the best marketing

arrangement for the investment-banking firm. E) offers a best-efforts approach.

7) The secondary market consists of: A) transactions on the AMEX only. B) transactions in the OTC market only. C) transactions through the investment banker only. D) transactions on the AMEX and in the OTC market. E) transactions on the AMEX, through the investment banker, and in the OTC market.

8) Initial margin requirements are determined by: A) the Securities and Exchange Commission. B) the Federal Reserve System. C) the New York Stock Exchange. D) the Federal Reserve System and the New York Stock Exchange.

9) You purchased JNJ stock at $130 per share. The stock is currently selling at $145. Your gains

may be protected by placing a A) stop-buy order. B) limit-buy order. C) market order. D) limit-sell order. E) None of these options are correct.

10) You sold AAPL stock short at $190 per share. Your losses could be minimized by placing a A) limit-sell order. B) limit-buy order. C) stop-buy order. D) day-order. E) None of the options are correct.

11) Which one of the following statements regarding orders is false? A) A market order is simply an order to buy or sell a stock immediately at the prevailing

market price. B) A limit-sell order is where investors specify prices at which they are willing to sell a security. C) If stock ABC is selling at $50, a limit-buy order may instruct the broker to buy the stock if and when the share price falls below $45. D) A market order is an order to buy or sell a stock on a specific exchange (market). E) All statements are true.

12) Restrictions on trading involving insider information apply to the following, except: A) corporate officers. B) corporate directors. C) major stockholders. D) All of the individuals. E) None of the options.

13) The cost of buying and selling a stock consists of: A) broker's commissions only. B) dealer's bid-asked spread only. C) a price concession an investor may be forced to make only. D) broker's commissions and dealer's bid-asked spread. E) broker's commissions, dealer's bid-asked spread, and a price concession an investor

may be forced to make.

14) Assume you purchased 200 shares of KO common stock on margin at $70 per share from

your broker. If the initial margin is 55%, how much did you borrow from the broker? A) $6,000 B) $4,000 C) $7,700 D) $7,000 E) $6,300

15) You sold short 200 shares of common stock at $60 per share. The initial margin is 60%. Your

initial investment was: A) $4,800. B) $12,000. C) $5,600. D) $7,200. E) $20,000

16) You purchased 100 shares of IBM common stock on margin at $130 per share. Assume the

initial margin is 50%, and the maintenance margin is 30%. Below what stock price level would you get a margin call? Assume the stock pays no dividend; ignore interest on margin. A) $21.24 B) $92.86 C) $49.52 D) $80.33 E) $130.00

17) You purchased 100 shares of common stock on margin at $45 per share. Assume the initial

margin is 50%, and the stock pays no dividend. What would the maintenance margin be if a margin call is made at a stock price of $30? Ignore interest on margin. A) 0.33 B) 0.55 C) 0.43 D) 0.23 E) 0.25

18) You purchased 300 shares of common stock on margin for $60 per share. The initial margin

is 60%, and the stock pays no dividend. What would your rate of return be if you sell the stock at $45 per share? Ignore interest on margin. A) 25.00% B) –33.33% C) 44.31% D) –41.67% E) –54.22%

19) Assume you sell short 100 shares of common stock at $45 per share, with initial margin at

50%. What would be your rate of return if you repurchase the stock at $40 per share? The stock paid no dividends during the period, and you did not remove any money from the account before making the offsetting transaction. A) 20.03% B) 25.67% C) 22.22% D) 77.46%

20) You sold short 300 shares of common stock at $55 per share. The initial margin is 60%. At

what stock price would you receive a margin call if the maintenance margin is 35%? A) $51.00 B) $65.19 C) $35.22 D) $40.36 E) None of the options are correct.

21) Assume you sold short 100 shares of common stock at $50 per share. The initial margin is

60%. What would be the maintenance margin if a margin call is made at a stock price of $60? A) 40% B) 33% C) 35% D) 25% E) None of the options are correct.

22) Specialists on stock exchanges perform which of the following functions? A) Act as dealers in their own accounts only B) Analyze the securities in which they specialize only C) Provide liquidity to the market only D) Act as dealers in their own accounts and analyze the securities in which they

specialize E) Act as dealers in their own accounts and provide liquidity to the market

23) Shares for short transactions: A) are usually borrowed from other brokers. B) are typically shares held by the short seller's broker in street name. C) are borrowed from commercial banks. D) are typically shares held by the short seller's broker in street name and are borrowed

from commercial banks.

24) Which of the following orders is most useful to short sellers who want to limit their potential

losses? A) B) C) D)

Limit order Discretionary order Limit-loss order Stop-buy order

25) Which of the following orders instructs the broker to buy at the current market price? A) Limit order B) Discretionary order C) Limit-loss order D) Stop-buy order E) Market order

26) Which of the following orders instructs the broker to buy at or below a specified price? A) Limit-loss order B) Discretionary order C) Limit-buy order D) Stop-buy order E) Market order

27) Which of the following orders instructs the broker to sell at or below a specified price? A) Limit-sell order B) Stop-loss order C) Limit-buy order D) Stop-buy order E) Market order

28) Which of the following orders instructs the broker to sell at or above a specified price? A) Limit-buy order B) Discretionary order C) Limit-sell order D) Stop-buy order E) Market order

29) Which of the following orders instructs the broker to buy at or above a specified price? A) Limit-buy order B) Discretionary order C) Limit-sell order D) Stop-buy order E) Market order

30) Shelf registration: A) is a way of placing issues in the secondary market. B) allows firms to register securities for sale over a five-year period. C) increases transaction costs to the issuing firm. D) is a way of placing issues in the primary market and allows firms to register securities

for sale over a three-year period. E) is a way of placing issues in the primary market and increases transaction costs to the issuing firm.

31) Block transactions are transactions for more than _______ shares, and they account for about

_____ percent of all trading on the NYSE. A) 1,000; 5 B) 500; 10 C) 100,000; 50 D) 10,000; 30 E) 5,000; 23

32) A program trade is: A) a trade of 10,000 (or more) shares of a stock. B) a trade of many shares of one stock for one other stock. C) a trade of analytic programs between financial analysts. D) a coordinated purchase or sale of an entire portfolio of stocks. E) not feasible with current technology but is expected to be popular in the near future.

33) When stocks are held in street name,: A) the investor receives a stock certificate with the owner's street address. B) the investor receives a stock certificate without the owner's street address. C) the broker does not receive a stock certificate. D) the client holds the stock in the brokerage firm's name on behalf of the broker. . E) the investor does not receive a stock certificate, and the broker holds the stock in the

brokerage firm's name on behalf of the client.

34) NASDAQ subscriber levels: A) permit those with the highest level, 3, to "make a market" in the security. B) permit those with a level 2 subscription to receive all bid and ask quotes but not to

enter their own quotes. C) permit level 1 subscribers to receive general information about prices. D) include all OTC stocks. E) permit those with the highest level, 3, to "make a market" in the security; permit those with a level 2 subscription to receive all bid and ask quotes but not to enter their own quotes; and permit level 1 subscribers to receive general information about prices.

35) You want to buy 100 shares of Hotstock Incorporated at the best possible price as quickly as

possible. You would most likely place a: A) stop-loss order. B) stop-buy order. C) market order. D) limit-sell order. E) limit-buy order.

36) You want to purchase KO stock at $60 from your broker using as little of your own money as

possible. If initial margin is 50% and you have $3,000 to invest, how many shares can you buy? A) 100 shares B) 200 shares C) 50 shares D) 500 shares E) 25 shares

37) A sale by IBM of new stock to the public would be a(n): A) short sale. B) seasoned equity offering. C) private placement. D) secondary-market transaction. E) initial public offering.

38) The finalized registration statement for new securities approved by the SEC is called A) a red herring. B) the preliminary statement. C) the prospectus. D) a best-efforts agreement. E) a firm commitment.

39) One outcome from the SEC investigation of the "Flash Crash of 2010" was: A) a prohibition of short selling. B) higher margin requirements. C) approval of new circuit breakers. D) establishment of electronic communications networks (ECNs). E) passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

40) All of the following are considered new trading strategies, except A) high frequency trading. B) algorithmic trading. C) dark pools. D) short selling. E) All of the options are considered new trading strategies.

41) You sell short 100 shares of Loser Company at a market price of $45 per share. Your

maximum possible loss is: A) $4,500. B) unlimited. C) zero. D) $9,000. E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

42) You buy 300 shares of Qualitycorp for $30 per share and deposit initial margin of 50%. The

next day, Qualitycorp's price drops to $25 per share. What is your actual margin? A) 50% B) 40% C) 33% D) 60% E) 25%

43) When a firm markets new securities, a preliminary registration statement must be filed with: A) the exchange on which the security will be listed. B) the Securities and Exchange Commission. C) the Federal Reserve. D) all other companies in the same line of business. E) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

44) In a typical underwriting arrangement, the investment-banking firm:

I) sells shares to the public via an underwriting syndicate. II) purchases the securities from the issuing company. III) assumes the full risk that the shares may not be sold at the offering price. IV) agrees to help the firm sell the issue to the public but does not actually purchase the securities. A) I, II, and III B) I, III, and IV C) I and IV D) II and III E) I and II

45) Which of the following is true regarding private placements of primary security offerings? A) Extensive and costly registration statements are required by the SEC. B) For very large issues, they are better suited than public offerings. C) They trade in secondary markets. D) The shares are sold directly to a small group of institutional or wealthy investors. E) They have greater liquidity than public offerings.

46) You sold short 100 shares of common stock at $45 per share. The initial margin is 50%. Your

initial investment was: A) $4,800. B) $12,000. C) $2,250. D) $7,200.

47) You sold short 150 shares of common stock at $27 per share. The initial margin is 45%. Your

initial investment was: A) $4,800.60. B) $12,000.25. C) $2,250.75. D) $1,822.50.

48) You purchased 100 shares of KO common stock on margin at $60 per share. Assume the

49) You purchased 1,000 shares of PINS common stock on margin at $19 per share. Assume the

50) You purchased 100 shares of common stock on margin at $40 per share. Assume the initial

margin is 50%, and the stock pays no dividend. What would the maintenance margin be if a margin call is made at a stock price of $25? Ignore interest on margin. A) 0.33 B) 0.55 C) 0.20 D) 0.23 E) 0.25

51) You purchased 1,000 shares of common stock on margin at $30 per share. Assume the initial

margin is 50%, and the stock pays no dividend. What would the maintenance margin be if a margin call is made at a stock price of $24? Ignore interest on margin. A) 0.330 B) 0.375 C) 0.200 D) 0.235 E) 0.255

52) You purchased 100 shares of common stock on margin for $50 per share. The initial margin

is 50%, and the stock pays no dividend. What would your rate of return be if you sell the stock at $56 per share? Ignore interest on margin. A) 28% B) 33% C) 14% D) 42% E) 24%

53) You purchased 100 shares of common stock on margin for $60 per share. The initial margin

is 50%, and the stock pays no dividend. What would your rate of return be if you sell the stock at $72 per share? Ignore interest on margin. A) 28% B) 33% C) 14% D) 40% E) 24%

54) Assume you sell short 1,000 shares of common stock at $35 per share, with initial margin at

50%. What would be your rate of return if you repurchase the stock at $25 per share? The stock paid no dividends during the period, and you did not remove any money from the account before making the offsetting transaction. A) 20.47% B) 25.63% C) 57.14% D) 77.23%

55) Assume you sell short 100 shares of common stock at $30 per share, with initial margin at

50%. What would be your rate of return if you repurchase the stock at $35 per share? The stock paid no dividends during the period, and you did not remove any money from the account before making the offsetting transaction. A) −33.33% B) −25.63% C) −57.14% D) −77.23%

56) You want to purchase GM stock at $40 from your broker using as little of your own money

as possible. If initial margin is 50% and you have $4,000 to invest, how many shares can you buy? A) 100 shares B) 200 shares C) 50 shares D) 500 shares E) 25 shares

57) You want to purchase IBM stock at $130 from your broker using as little of your own money

as possible. If initial margin is 50% and you have $19,600 to invest, how many shares can you buy? A) 150 shares B) 200 shares C) 300 shares D) 500 shares E) 25 shares

58) Assume you sold short 100 shares of common stock at $40 per share. The initial margin is

50%. What would be the maintenance margin if a margin call is made at a stock price of $50? A) 40% B) 20% C) 35% D) 25%

59) Assume you sold short 100 shares of common stock at $70 per share. The initial margin is

50%. What would be the maintenance margin if a margin call is made at a stock price of $85? A) 40.5% B) 20.5% C) 35.5% D) 23.5%

60) You sold short 100 shares of common stock at $45 per share. The initial margin is 50%. At

what stock price would you receive a margin call if the maintenance margin is 35%? A) $50 B) $65 C) $35 D) $40

61) You sold short 100 shares of common stock at $75 per share. The initial margin is 50%. At

what stock price would you receive a margin call if the maintenance margin is 30%? A) $90.23 B) $88.52 C) $86.54 D) $87.12

62) The preliminary prospectus is referred to as a(n): A) red herring. B) indenture. C) greenmail. D) tombstone. E) headstone.

63) The securities act of 1933:

I) requires full disclosure of relevant information relating to the issue of new securities. II) requires registration of new securities. III) requires issuance of a prospectus detailing financial prospects of the firm. IV) established the SEC. V) requires periodic disclosure of relevant financial information. VI) empowers SEC to regulate exchanges, OTC trading, brokers, and dealers. A) I, II, and III B) I, II, III, IV, V, and VI C) I, II, and V D) I, II, and IV E) IV only

64) The Securities Act of 1934:

65) Which of the following is not required under the CFA Institute Standards of Professional

Conduct? A) Knowledge of all applicable laws, rules, and regulations B) Disclosure of all personal investments, whether or not they may conflict with a client's investments C) Disclosure of all conflicts to clients and prospects D) Reasonable inquiry into a client's financial situation E) All of the options are required under the CFA Institute standards.

66) According to the CFA Institute Standards of Professional Conduct, CFA Institute members

have responsibilities to all of the following, except: A) the government. B) the profession. C) the public. D) the employer. E) clients and prospective clients.

67) The introduction of the ___________________allowed brokers to send orders either for

immediate electronic execution or to the specialist, who could seek price improvement from another trader. A) International Exchange B) NYSE Hybrid Market C) Designated Order Turnaround D) NYSE Euronext E) AMEX

68) Who purchased the NYSE in 2013? A) International Exchange B) NYSE Hybrid Market C) Designated Order Turnaround D) NYSE Euronext E) AMEX

69) What was the name of the system that introduced the NYSE to electronic trading? A) International Exchange B) NYSE Hybrid Market C) Designated Order Turnaround D) NYSE Euronext E) AmNEXT

70) The process of marketing a public offering is usually referred to as ____________. A) Underwriting B) Investment banking C) Brokerage D) Discounting E) IPO

71) What kind of entity will often sell a company via an initial public offering when the firm gets

too big for similar entities to purchase? A) Underwriter B) Investment banking C) Private Equity D) Broker E) LBO

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 3 1) A 2) E 3) B 4) E 5) D 6) A 7) D 8) B 9) D 10) C 11) D 12) D 13) E 14) E 15) D 16) B 17) E 18) D 19) C 20) B 21) B 22) E 23) B 24) D 25) E 26) C 27) B 28) C 29) D 30) D 31) D 32) D 33) E 34) E 35) C 36) A 37) B

38) C 39) C 40) D 41) B 42) B 43) B 44) A 45) D 46) C 47) D 48) A 49) D 50) C 51) B 52) E 53) D 54) C 55) A 56) B 57) C 58) B 59) D 60) A 61) C 62) A 63) A 64) E 65) B 66) A 67) B 68) A 69) C 70) A 71) C

Chapter 4:__________ 1) Which one of the following statements regarding open-end mutual funds is false? A) The funds redeem shares at net asset value. B) The funds offer investors professional management. C) The funds offer investors a guaranteed rate of return. D) The funds redeem shares at net asset value and offer investors professional

management. E) None of the options are false.

2) Which one of the following statements regarding closed-end mutual funds is false? A) The funds always trade at a discount from NAV. B) The funds redeem shares at their net asset value. C) The funds offer investors professional management. D) The funds always trade at a discount from NAV and redeem shares at their net asset

value. E) None of the options are false.

3) Which of the following functions do investment companies perform for their investors? A) Record keeping and administration B) Diversification and divisibility C) Professional management D) Lower transaction costs E) All of the options are correct.

4) Multiple Mutual Funds had year-end assets of $457,000,000 and liabilities of $17,000,000.

There were 24,300,000 shares in the fund at year end. What was Multiple Mutual's net asset value? A) $18.11 B) $18.81 C) $69.96 D) $7.00 E) $181.07

5) Growth Fund had year-end assets of $862,000,000 and liabilities of $12,000,000. There were

32,675,254 shares in the fund at year end. What was Growth Fund's net asset value? A) $28.17 B) $25.24 C) $19.62 D) $26.01 E) $21.56

6) Diversified Portfolios had year-end assets of $279,000,000 and liabilities of $43,000,000. If

Diversified's NAV was $42.13, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A) 43,000,000 B) 6,488,372 C) 5,601,709 D) 1,182,203 E) None of the options are correct.

7) Pinnacle Fund had year-end assets of $825,000,000 and liabilities of $25,000,000. If

Pinnacle's NAV was $32.18, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A) 21,619,347 B) 22,930,546 C) 24,860,162 D) 25,693,645 E) None of the options are correct.

8) Most actively-managed mutual funds, when compared to a market index such as the Wilshire

5000,: A) B) C) D) E)

beat the market return in all years. beat the market return in most years. exceed the return on index funds. do not outperform the market. None of the options are correct.

9) Pools of money invested in a portfolio that is fixed for the life of the fund are called: A) closed-end funds. B) open-end funds. C) unit investment trusts. D) REITS. E) redeemable trust certificates.

10) Investors in closed-end funds who wish to liquidate their positions must: A) sell their shares through a broker. B) sell their shares to the issuer at a discount to net asset value. C) sell their shares to the issuer at a premium to net asset value. D) sell their shares to the issuer for net asset value. E) hold their shares to maturity.

11) Closed-end funds are frequently issued at a ______ to NAV and subsequently trade at a

__________ to NAV. A) discount; discount B) discount; premium C) premium; premium D) premium; discount E) No consistent relationship has been observed.

12) At issue, offering prices of open-end funds will often be: A) less than NAV due to loads. B) greater than NAV due to loads. C) less than NAV due to limited demand. D) greater than NAV due to excess demand. E) less than or greater than NAV with no apparent pattern.

13) Which of the following statements about real estate investment trusts is true? A) REITs invest in real estate or loans secured by real estate. B) REITs raise capital by borrowing from banks and issuing mortgages. C) REITs are similar to open-end funds, with shares redeemable at NAV. D) REITs invest in real estate or loans secured by real estate, and REITs raise capital by

borrowing from banks and issuing mortgages. E) All of the options are true.

14) Which of the following statements about real estate investment trusts is true? A) REITs may be equity trusts or mortgage trusts. B) REITs are usually highly leveraged. C) REITs are similar to closed-end funds. D) REITs may be equity trusts or mortgage trusts and are usually highly leveraged. E) All of the options are true.

15) Which of the following statements about money market mutual funds is true? A) They invest in commercial paper, and CDs but not repurchase agreements. B) They cannot offer check-writing privileges. C) They are highly leveraged and risky. D) They invest in commercial paper, CDs, and repurchase agreements, and they usually

offer check-writing privileges. E) All of the options are true.

16) In 2021, the proportion of US mutual funds (based on total assets) specializing in common

stocks only was: Assets ($ billion)

% of Total Number of Assets Funds

Equity funds Capital appreciation focus World/international Total return Total equity funds Bond funds

$ 3,021 3,205 6,503 $ 12,728

12.6% 13.4% 27.2% 53.3%

1,234 1,459 1,763 4,456

Investment grade High yield World Government Multisector Single-state municipal National municipal Total bond funds Hybrid (bond/stock) funds Money market funds

$ 2,518 355 541 394 530 191 686 $ 5,214 $ 1,620

10.5% 1.5% 2.3% 1.6% 2.2% 0.8% 2.9% 21.8% 6.8%

579 250 329 188 221 279 271 2,117 723

Taxable Tax-exempt Total money market funds Total

$ 4,228 105 $ 4,333 $ 23,896

17.7% 0.4% 18.1% 100.0%

265 75 340 7,636

Note: Column sums subject to rounding error. Source: 2021 Investment Company Fact Book, Investment Company Institute. A) 12.6%. B) 13.4%. C) 53.3%. D) 73.4%. E) 63.5%.

17) In 2021, the proportion of mutual funds (based on total assets) specializing in bonds only

was: Assets ($ billion)

% of Total Number of Assets Funds

Equity funds Capital appreciation focus World/international Total return Total equity funds Bond funds

$ 3,021 3,205 6,503 $ 12,728

12.6% 13.4% 27.2% 53.3%

1,234 1,459 1,763 4,456

Investment grade High yield World Government Multisector Single-state municipal National municipal Total bond funds Hybrid (bond/stock) funds Money market funds

$ 2,518 355 541 394 530 191 686 $ 5,214 $ 1,620

10.5% 1.5% 2.3% 1.6% 2.2% 0.8% 2.9% 21.8% 6.8%

579 250 329 188 221 279 271 2,117 723

Taxable Tax-exempt Total money market funds Total

$ 4,228 105 $ 4,333 $ 23,896

17.7% 0.4% 18.1% 100.0%

265 75 340 7,636

Note: Column sums subject to rounding error. Source: 2021 Investment Company Fact Book, Investment Company Institute. A) 21.8%. B) 28.0%. C) 54.1%. D) 73.4%. E) 63.5%.

18) In 2021, the proportion of mutual funds (based on total assets) specializing in money market

securities was: Assets ($ billion)

% of Total Number of Assets Funds

Equity funds Capital appreciation focus World/international Total return Total equity funds Bond funds

$ 3,021 3,205 6,503 $ 12,728

12.6% 13.4% 27.2% 53.3%

1,234 1,459 1,763 4,456

Investment grade High yield World Government Multisector Single-state municipal National municipal Total bond funds Hybrid (bond/stock) funds Money market funds

$ 2,518 355 541 394 530 191 686 $ 5,214 $ 1,620

10.5% 1.5% 2.3% 1.6% 2.2% 0.8% 2.9% 21.8% 6.8%

579 250 329 188 221 279 271 2,117 723

Taxable Tax-exempt Total money market funds Total

$ 4,228 105 $ 4,333 $ 23,896

17.7% 0.4% 18.1% 100.0%

265 75 340 7,636

Note: Column sums subject to rounding error. Source: 2021 Investment Company Fact Book, Investment Company Institute. A) 21.7%. B) 28.0%. C) 54.1%. D) 73.4%. E) 18.1%.

19) In 2021, the proportion of US hybrid (bond and stock) mutual funds (based on total assets)

was: Assets ($ billion)

% of Total Number of Assets Funds

Equity funds Capital appreciation focus World/international Total return Total equity funds Bond funds

$ 3,021 3,205 6,503 $ 12,728

12.6% 13.4% 27.2% 53.3%

1,234 1,459 1,763 4,456

Investment grade High yield World Government Multisector Single-state municipal National municipal Total bond funds Hybrid (bond/stock) funds Money market funds

$ 2,518 355 541 394 530 191 686 $ 5,214 $ 1,620

10.5% 1.5% 2.3% 1.6% 2.2% 0.8% 2.9% 21.8% 6.8%

579 250 329 188 221 279 271 2,117 723

Taxable Tax-exempt Total money market funds Total

$ 4,228 105 $ 4,333 $ 23,896

17.7% 0.4% 18.1% 100.0%

265 75 340 7,636

Note: Column sums subject to rounding error. Source: 2021 Investment Company Fact Book, Investment Company Institute. A) 21.7%. B) 28.0%. C) 54.1%. D) 6.8%. E) 22.6%.

20) Management fees and other expenses of mutual funds may include: A) front-end loads only. B) back-end loads only. C) 12b-1 charges only. D) front-end and back-end loads, but not 12b-1 charges. E) front-end loads, back-end loads, and 12b-1 charges.

21) The Profitability Fund had NAV per share of $17.50 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of

the same year, the fund's NAV was $19.47. Income distributions were $0.75, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.00. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what rate of return did an investor receive on the Profitability Fund last year? A) 11.26% B) 15.54% C) 16.97% D) 21.26% E) 9.83%

22) The Yachtsman Fund had NAV per share of $36.12 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of

the same year, the fund's NAV was $39.71. Income distributions were $0.64, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.13. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what rate of return did an investor receive on the Yachtsman Fund last year? A) 22.92% B) 17.68% C) 14.39% D) 18.52% E) 14.84%

23) Investors' Choice Fund had NAV per share of $37.25 on January 1, 2021. On December 31

of the same year, the fund s rate of return for the year was 17.3%. Income distributions were $1.14, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.35. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what ending NAV would you calculate for Investors' Choice? A) $41.20 B) $33.88 C) $43.69 D) $42.03 E) $46.62

24) Which of the following is not an advantage of owning mutual funds? A) They offer a variety of investment styles. B) They offer small investors the benefits of diversification. C) They treat income as "passed through" to the investor for tax purposes. D) All of the options are advantages of mutual funds. E) None of the options are an advantage of mutual funds.

25) Which of the following would increase the net asset value of a mutual fund share, assuming

all other things remain unchanged? A) An increase in the number of fund shares outstanding B) An increase in the fund's accounts payable C) A change in the fund's management D) An increase in the value of one of the fund's stocks E) None of the options are correct.

26) Which of the following characteristics apply to unit investment trusts? 1. I) Most are invested in fixed-income portfolios. 2. II) They are actively-managed portfolios. 3. III) The sponsor pools securities, then sells public shares in the trust. 4. IV) The portfolio is fixed for the life of the fund. A) I and IV B) I and II C) I, III, and IV D) I, II, and III E) I, II, III, and IV

27) As of 2021, which class of mutual funds had the largest amount of assets invested? Assets ($ % of Total Number of billion) Assets Funds Equity funds Capital appreciation focus World/international Total return Total equity funds Bond funds

$ 3,021 3,205 6,503 $ 12,728

12.6% 13.4% 27.2% 53.3%

1,234 1,459 1,763 4,456

Investment grade High yield World Government Multisector Single-state municipal National municipal Total bond funds Hybrid (bond/stock) funds Money market funds

$ 2,518 355 541 394 530 191 686 $ 5,214 $ 1,620

10.5% 1.5% 2.3% 1.6% 2.2% 0.8% 2.9% 21.8% 6.8%

579 250 329 188 221 279 271 2,117 723

Taxable Tax-exempt Total money market funds Total

$ 4,228 105 $ 4,333 $ 23,896

17.7% 0.4% 18.1% 100.0%

265 75 340 7,636

Note: Column sums subject to rounding error. Source: 2021 Investment Company Fact Book, Investment Company Institute. A) Equity funds B) Bond funds C) Mixed asset classes, such as asset allocation funds D) Money market funds E) Global funds

28) Commingled funds are: A) amounts invested in equity and fixed-income mutual funds. B) funds that may be purchased at intervals of 3, 6, or 12 months at the discretion of

management. C) amounts invested in domestic and global equities. D) closed-end funds that may be repurchased only once every two years at the discretion of mutual fund management. E) partnerships of investors that pool their funds, which are then managed for a fee.

29) Which of the following istrue regarding equity mutual funds? 1. I) They invest primarily in stock. 2. II) They may hold fixed-income securities, as well as stock. 3. III) Most hold money market securities, as well as stock. 4. IV) Two types of equity funds are income funds and growth funds. A) I and IV B) I, III, and IV C) I, II, and IV D) I, II, and III E) I, II, III, and IV

30) The fee that mutual funds use to help pay for advertising and promotional literature is called

a A) B) C) D) E)

front-end load fee. back-end load fee. operating expense fee. 12b-1 fee. structured fee.

31) Patty O Furniture purchased 100 shares of Green Isle mutual fund at a net asset value of $42

per share. During the year, Patty received dividend income distributions of $2.00 per share and capital gains distributions of $4.30 per share. At the end of the year, the shares had a net asset value of $40 per share. What was Patty's rate of return on this investment? A) 5.43% B) 10.24% C) 7.19% D) 12.44% E) 9.18%

32) Assume that you purchased 200 shares of Super Performing mutual fund at a net asset value

of $21 per share. During the year, you received dividend income distributions of $1.50 per share and capital gains distributions of $2.85 per share. At the end of the year, the shares had a net asset value of $23 per share. What was your rate of return on this investment? A) 30.24% B) 25.37% C) 27.19% D) 22.44% E) 29.18%

33) Assume that you purchased shares of High Flying mutual fund at a net asset value of $12.50

per share. During the year, you received dividend income distributions of $0.78 per share and capital gains distributions of $1.67 per share. At the end of the year, the shares had a net asset value of $13.87 per share. What was your rate of return on this investment? A) 29.43% B) 30.56% C) 31.19% D) 32.44% E) 29.18%

34) Assume that you purchased shares of a mutual fund at a net asset value of $14.50 per share.

During the year, you received dividend income distributions of $0.27 per share and capital gains distributions of $0.65 per share. At the end of the year, the shares had a net asset value of $13.74 per share. What was your rate of return on this investment? A) 2.91% B) 3.07% C) 1.10% D) 1.78% E) −1.18%

35) Assume that you purchased shares of a mutual fund at a net asset value of $10.00 per share.

During the year, you received dividend income distributions of $0.05 per share and capital gains distributions of $0.06 per share. At the end of the year, the shares had a net asset value of $8.16 per share. What was your rate of return on this investment? A) −18.24% B) −16.1% C) 16.10% D) −17.3% E) 17.3%

36) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $560,000,000 and liabilities of $26,000,000. There

were $23,850,000 shares in the fund at year end. What was the mutual fund's net asset value? A) $22.87 B) $22.39 C) $22.24 D) $17.61 E) $19.25

37) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $250,000,000 and liabilities of $4,000,000. There were

3,750,000 shares in the fund at year end. What was the mutual fund's net asset value? A) $92.53 B) $67.39 C) $63.24 D) $65.60 E) $17.46

38) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $700,000,000 and liabilities of $7,000,000. There were

40,150,000 shares in the fund at year end. What was the mutual fund's net asset value? A) $9.63 B) $57.71 C) $16.42 D) $17.87 E) $17.26

39) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $750,000,000 and liabilities of $7,500,000. There were

40,000,000 shares in the fund at year end. What was the mutual fund's net asset value? A) $9.63 B) $18.56 C) $16.42 D) $17.87 E) $17.26

40) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $465,000,000 and liabilities of $37,000,000. If the fund

NAV was $56.12, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A) 4,300,000 B) 6,488,372 C) 8,601,709 D) 7,626,515 E) None of these options are correct.

41) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $521,000,000 and liabilities of $63,000,000. If the fund

NAV was $26.12, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A) 17,534,456 B) 16,488,372 C) 18,601,742 D) 17,542,515 E) None of these options are correct.

42) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $327,000,000 and liabilities of $46,000,000. If the fund

NAV was $30.48, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A) 11,354,751 B) 8,412,642 C) 10,165,476 D) 9,165,414 E) 9,219,160

43) A mutual fund had year-end assets of $437,000,000 and liabilities of $37,000,000. If the fund

NAV was $60.12, how many shares must have been held in the fund? A) 6,653,360 B) 8,412,642 C) 10,165,476 D) 9,165,414 E) 9,219,160

44) A mutual fund had NAV per share of $19.00 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of the

same year, the fund's NAV was $19.14. Income distributions were $0.57, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.12. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what rate of return did an investor receive on the fund last year? A) 11.26% B) 10.54% C) 7.97% D) 8.26% E) 9.63%

45) A mutual fund had NAV per share of $23.00 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of the

same year, the fund's NAV was $23.15. Income distributions were $0.63, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.26. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what rate of return did an investor receive on the fund last year? A) 11.26% B) 10.54% C) 8.87% D) 8.26% E) 9.63%

46) A mutual fund had NAV per share of $26.25 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of the

same year, the fund's rate of return for the year was 16.4%. Income distributions were $1.27, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.85. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what ending NAV would you calculate? A) $27.44 B) $33.88 C) $24.69 D) $42.03 E) $16.62

47) A mutual fund had NAV per share of $16.75 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of the

same year, the fund's rate of return for the year was 26.6%. Income distributions were $1.79, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $2.80. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what ending NAV would you calculate? A) $17.44 B) $13.28 C) $14.96 D) $17.25 E) $16.62

48) A mutual fund had NAV per share of $36.15 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of the

same year, the fund's rate of return for the year was 14.0%. Income distributions were $1.16, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $2.12. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what ending NAV would you calculate? A) $37.93 B) $34.52 C) $44.69 D) $47.25 E) $36.28

49) A mutual fund had NAV per share of $37.12 on January 1, 2021. On December 31 of the

same year, the fund's rate of return for the year was 11.0%. Income distributions were $2.26, and the fund had capital gain distributions of $1.64. Without considering taxes and transactions costs, what ending NAV would you calculate? A) $37.93 B) $34.52 C) $37.30 D) $47.25 E) $36.28

50) A difference between hedge funds and mutual funds is that: A) hedge funds are only subject to minimal SEC regulation. B) hedge funds are typically open only to wealthy or institutional investors. C) hedge fund managers can pursue strategies not available to mutual funds, such as

short selling, heavy use of derivatives, and leverage. D) hedge funds are commonly structured as private partnerships. E) All of the options are correct.

51) Of the following types of mutual funds, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified

portfolio of stocks worldwide (including the U.S.) should choose: A) international funds. B) global funds. C) regional funds. D) emerging-market funds. E) None of the options are correct.

52) Of the following types of mutual funds, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified

portfolio of foreign stocks (excluding the U.S.) should choose: A) international funds. B) global funds. C) regional funds. D) emerging-market funds. E) None of the options are correct.

53) Of the following types of ETFs, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified portfolio

that tracks the S&P 500 should choose: A) SPDR. B) DIA. C) QQQ. D) IWM. E) VTI.

54) Of the following types of ETFs, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified portfolio

that tracks the Dow Jones Industrials should choose A) SPY. B) DIA. C) QQQ. D) IWM. E) VTI.

55) Of the following types of ETFs, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified portfolio

that tracks the Nasdaq 100 should choose: A) SPY. B) DIA. C) QQQ. D) IWM. E) VTI.

56) Of the following types of ETFs, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified portfolio

that tracks the Russell 2000 should choose: A) SPY. B) DIA. C) QQQ. D) IWM. E) VTI.

57) Of the following types of ETFs, an investor who wishes to invest in a diversified portfolio

that tracks foreign stock market indexes should choose: A) SPY. B) DIA. C) QQQ. D) IWM. E) WEBS.

58) The ETF market leaders are: A) Vanguard and State Street. B) State Street and BlackRock. C) Vanguard and BlackRock. D) Vanguard, State Street, and BlackRock. E) None of the options are correct.

59) In 2020, the largest share of the ETF market by asset class was: A) Bonds. B) Commodities. C) U.S. Equity: Broad Index. D) U.S. Equity: Sector. E) Global or International.

60) A mutual fund had average daily assets of $3.0 billion in 2021. The fund sold $600 million

worth of stock and purchased $700 million worth of stock during the year. The fund's turnover ratio is: A) 43%. B) 12%. C) 15%. D) 25%. E) 20%.

61) A mutual fund had average daily assets of $2.0 billion in 2021. The fund sold $500 million

worth of stock and purchased $600 million worth of stock during the year. The fund's turnover ratio is: A) 55%. B) 12%. C) 15%. D) 25%. E) 20%.

62) A mutual fund had average daily assets of $4.0 billion in 2021. The fund sold $1.5 billion

worth of stock and purchased $1.6 billion worth of stock during the year. The fund's turnover ratio is: A) 37.5%. B) 22%. C) 15%. D) 45%. E) 77.5%.

63) A mutual fund had average daily assets of $4.7 billion in 2021. The fund sold $2.2 billion

worth of stock and purchased $3.6 billion worth of stock during the year. The fund's turnover ratio is: A) 123.4%. B) 22.6%. C) 15.3%. D) 46.8%. E) 20.7%.

64) You purchased shares of a mutual fund at a price of $20 per share at the beginning of the

year and paid a front-end load of 5.75%. If the securities in which the fund invested increased in value by 11% during the year, and the fund's expense ratio was 1.25%, your return if you sold the fund at the end of the year would be: A) 4.33%. B) 3.44%. C) 2.45%. D) 6.87%. E) None of the options are correct.

65) You purchased shares of a mutual fund at a price of $12 per share at the beginning of the

year and paid a front-end load of 4.75%. If the securities in which the fund invested increased in value by 9% during the year, and the fund's expense ratio was 1.5%, your return if you sold the fund at the end of the year would be: A) 4.75%. B) 3.54%. C) 2.65%. D) 2.39%. E) None of the options are correct.

66) You purchased shares of a mutual fund at a price of $17 per share at the beginning of the

year and paid a front-end load of 5.0%. If the securities in which the fund invested increased in value by 12% during the year, and the fund's expense ratio was 1.0%, your return if you sold the fund at the end of the year would be: A) 4.75%. B) 5.45%. C) 5.65%. D) 4.39%. E) None of the options are correct.

67) You purchased shares of a mutual fund at a price of $20 per share at the beginning of the

year and paid a front-end load of 6.0%. If the securities in which the fund invested increased in value by 10% during the year, and the fund's expense ratio was 1.5%, your return if you sold the fund at the end of the year would be: A) 1.99%. B) 2.32%. C) 1.65%. D) 2.06%. E) None of the options are correct.

68) The phrase _____________________ is used to describe ETFs that, like actively managed

mutual funds, attempt to outperform passive indexes. A) non-transparent B) growth C) value D) hedge E) None of the options are correct.

69) _________ funds are kind of money market funds must calculate net asset values, which may

differ from $1.00. A) Prime B) Prime institutional C) Government D) Cash equivalents E) None of the options are correct.

70) A type of REIT that invests primarily in construction loans would be classified as a

_________. A) mortgage trust B) equity trust C) revocable trust D) bond trust E) All of the options are true.

71) Which of the following strategies can be used in hedge funds but not in mutual funds? A) Growth B) Value C) Sector specialization D) Significant leverage E) None of the options are correct.

72) Compared to mutual funds, hedge funds may require investors to _________. A) cover transaction costs B) lock-up their investment for an extended time period C) invest in a mixture of equities, debt, and international securities D) use specific trading protocols E) All of the options are true.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 4 1) C 2) D 3) E 4) A 5) D 6) C 7) C 8) D 9) C 10) A 11) D 12) B 13) D 14) E 15) D 16) C 17) A 18) E 19) D 20) E 21) D 22) E 23) A 24) C 25) D 26) C 27) A 28) E 29) E 30) D 31) B 32) A 33) B 34) C 35) D 36) B 37) D

38) E 39) B 40) D 41) A 42) E 43) A 44) E 45) C 46) A 47) E 48) A 49) C 50) E 51) B 52) A 53) A 54) B 55) C 56) D 57) E 58) D 59) C 60) E 61) D 62) A 63) D 64) B 65) D 66) B 67) A 68) A 69) B 70) A 71) D 72) B

Chapter 5:__________ 1) Over the past year, you earned a nominal rate of interest of 12% on your money. The

inflation rate was 3% over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was: A) 9.0%. B) 10.0%. C) 5.0%. D) 8.7%. E) 15.0%.

2) Over the past year, you earned a nominal rate of interest of 9% on your money. The inflation

rate was 3% over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was: A) 6.0%. B) 10.0%. C) 5.8%. D) 4.8%. E) 15.0%.

3) A year ago, you invested $1,000 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of 9%.

What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 2% over the year? A) 5% B) 10% C) 7% D) 3% E) None of the options are correct.

4) A year ago, you invested $10,000 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of

5%. What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 1.5% over the year? A) 3.5% B) 10% C) 7% D) 4% E) None of the options are correct.

5) If the annual real rate of interest is 6%, and the expected inflation rate is 2%, the nominal rate

of interest would be approximately: A) 1%. B) 8%. C) 20%. D) 15%. E) None of the options are correct.

6) If the annual real rate of interest is 3.0%, and the expected inflation rate is 4.0%, the nominal

rate of interest would be approximately: A) 3.7%. B) 7.0%. C) 2.5%. D) −1.2%. E) None of the options are correct.

7) You purchased a share of stock for $25. One year later, you received $1 as a dividend and

sold the share for $29. What was your holding-period return? A) 45% B) 20% C) 5% D) 40% E) None of the options are correct.

8) You purchased a share of stock for $68. One year later, you received $5.00 as a dividend and

sold the share for $74.50. What was your holding-period return? A) 12.50% B) 16.91% C) 13.65% D) 11.80% E) None of the options are correct.

9) Which of the following determine(s) the level of real interest rates? 1. The supply of savings by households and business firms 2. The demand for investment funds 3. The government's net supply and/or demand for funds A) I only B) II only C) I and II only D) I, II, and III E) None of the options are correct.

10) Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true? 1. The real rate of interest is determined by the supply and demand for funds. 2. The real rate of interest is determined by the expected rate of inflation. 3. The real rate of interest can be affected by actions of the Fed. 4. The real rate of interest is equal to the nominal interest rate plus the expected rate of

inflation. A) I and II only B) I and III only C) III and IV only D) II and III only E) I, II, III, and IV only

11) Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true? A) Nominal interests account for inflation. B) The nominal rate of interest is almost never greater than the real rate of interest. C) Certificates of deposit offer a guaranteed real rate of interest. D) None of the options are true. E) All of the options are true.

12) Other things equal, an increase in the government budget deficit: A) drives the interest rate down. B) drives the interest rate up. C) might not have any effect on interest rates. D) increases business prospects. E) None of the options are correct.

13) Ceteris paribus, a decrease in the demand for loans: A) drives the interest rate down. B) drives the interest rate up. C) might not have any effect on interest rates. D) results from an increase in business prospects and a decrease in the level of savings. E) increases the quantity demanded for loans.

14) The holding-period return (HPR) on a share of stock is equal to: A) the capital gain yield during the period plus the inflation rate. B) the capital gain yield during the period plus the dividend yield. C) the current yield plus the dividend yield. D) the dividend yield plus the risk premium. E) the change in stock price.

15) Historical records regarding return on stocks, Treasury bonds, and Treasury bills between

1926 and 2021 show that: A) stocks offered investors greater rates of return than bonds and bills. B) stock returns were less volatile than those of bonds and bills. C) bonds offered investors greater rates of return than stocks and bills. D) bills outperformed stocks and bonds. E) Treasury bills always offered a rate of return greater than inflation.

16) If the interest rate paid by borrowers and the interest rate received by savers accurately

reflect the realized rate of inflation, A) borrowers gain and savers lose. B) savers gain and borrowers lose. C) both borrowers and savers lose. D) neither borrowers nor savers gain nor lose. E) both borrowers and savers gain.

17) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for KMP

stock: Stock of the Economy Boom Normal growth Recession

Probability 0.30 0.50 0.20

HPR 18% 12% –5%

What is the expected holding-period return for KMP stock? A) 10.40% B) 9.32% C) 11.63% D) 11.54% E) 10.88%

18) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for KMP

stock: Stock of the Economy Boom Normal growth Recession

Probability 0.30 0.50 0.20

HPR 18% 12% –5%

What is the expected standard deviation for KMP stock? A) 6.91% B) 8.13% C) 7.79% D) 7.25% E) 8.85%

19) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for KMP

stock: Stock of the Economy Boom Normal growth Recession

Probability 0.30 0.50 0.20

HPR 18% 12% –5%

What is the expected variance for KMP stock? A) 0.6604% B) 0.6996% C) 0.7704% D) 0.6372% E) 0.7845%

20) If the nominal return is constant, the after-tax real rate of return: A) declines exponentially as the inflation rate increases. B) increases as the inflation rate increases. C) declines as the inflation rate declines. D) increases exponentially as the inflation rate decreases. E) declines as the inflation rate increases and increases as the inflation rate decreases.

21) The risk premium for common stocks: A) must always be zero, for investors would be unwilling to invest in common stocks. B) must always be positive, in theory. C) is negative, as common stocks are risky. D) cannot be zero, for investors would be unwilling to invest in common stocks and must

always be positive, in theory. E) cannot be zero, for investors would be unwilling to invest in common stocks and is negative, as common stocks are risky.

22) If a portfolio had a return of 18%, the risk-free asset return was 5%, and the standard

deviation of the portfolio's excess returns was 34%, the risk premium would be: A) 13%. B) 18%. C) 49%. D) 12%. E) 29%.

23) You purchase a share of Duke Energy Stock stock for $90. One year later, after receiving a

dividend of $3, you sell the stock for $92. What was your holding-period return? A) 4.44% B) 2.22% C) 3.33% D) 5.56% E) None of the options are correct.

24) Coca Cola stock has the following probability distribution of expected prices one year from

now: State 1 2 3

Probability 25% 40% 35%

Price $ 50 $ 60 $ 70

If you buy Coca Cola today for $55 and it will pay a dividend during the year of $4 per share, what is your expected holding period return on Coca Cola? A) 17.72% B) 18.89% C) 17.91% D) 18.18%

25) Which of the following factors would not be expected to affect the nominal interest rate? A) The supply of loans B) The demand for loans C) The coupon rate on previously issued government bonds D) The expected rate of inflation E) Government spending and borrowing

26) If a portfolio had a return of 11%, the risk-free asset return was 6%, and the standard

deviation of the portfolio's excess returns was 25%, the risk premium would be: A) 14%. B) 6%. C) 35%. D) 21%. E) 5%.

27) In words, the real rate of interest is approximately equal to: A) the nominal rate minus the inflation rate. B) the inflation rate minus the nominal rate. C) the nominal rate times the inflation rate. D) the inflation rate divided by the nominal rate. E) the nominal rate plus the inflation rate.

28) If the Federal Reserve lowers the Fed Funds rate, ceteris paribus, the equilibrium levels of

funds lent will _________, and the equilibrium level of real interest rates will _________. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; decrease E) reverse direction from their previous trends; reverse direction from their previous trends

29) "Bracket Creep" happens when: A) tax liabilities are based on real income and there is a negative inflation rate. B) tax liabilities are based on real income and there is a positive inflation rate. C) tax liabilities are based on nominal income and there is a negative inflation rate. D) tax liabilities are based on nominal income and there is a positive inflation rate. E) too many peculiar people make their way into the highest tax bracket.

30) The holding-period return (HPR) for a stock is equal to: A) the real yield minus the inflation rate. B) the nominal yield minus the real yield. C) the capital gains yield minus the tax rate. D) the capital gains yield minus the dividend yield. E) the dividend yield plus the capital gains yield.

31) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for Cheese,

Incorporated stock: Stock of the Economy Boom Normal growth Recession

Probability 0.20 0.45 0.35

HPR 24% 15% 8%

Assuming that the expected return on Cheese's stock is 14.35%, what is the standard deviation of these returns? A) 4.72% B) 6.30% C) 4.38% D) 5.74% E) None of the options are correct.

32) An investor purchased a bond 45 days ago for $985. He received $15 in interest and sold the

bond for $980. What is the holding-period return on his investment? A) 1.02% B) 0.50% C) 1.92% D) 0.01%

33) An investor purchased a bond 63 days ago for $980. He received $17 in interest and sold the

bond for $987. What is the holding-period return on his investment? A) 1.52% B) 2.45% C) 1.92% D) 2.68%

34) Over the past year, you earned a nominal rate of interest of 8% on your money. The inflation

rate was 3.5% over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was: A) 15.55%. B) 4.35%. C) 5.02%. D) 4.81%. E) 15.04%.

35) Over the past year, you earned a nominal rate of interest of 14% on your money. The

inflation rate was 2% over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was: A) 11.76%. B) 16.00%. C) 15.02%. D) 14.32%.

36) Over the past year, you earned a nominal rate of interest of 12.5% on your money. The

inflation rate was 2.6% over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was: A) 9.15%. B) 9.90%. C) 9.65%. D) 10.52%.

37) A year ago, you invested $1,000 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of 6%.

What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 2% over the year? A) 4% B) 2% C) 6% D) 3%

38) A year ago, you invested $10,000 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of

3%. What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 4% over the year? A) 1% B) −1% C) 7% D) 3%

39) A year ago, you invested $2,500 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of

5.7%. What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 1.6% over the year? A) 4.1% B) 2.5% C) 2.9% D) 1.6%

40) A year ago, you invested $2,500 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of

3.5%. What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 5.5% over the year? A) 0.9% B) −2.0% C) 5.9% D) 2.0%

41) A year ago, you invested $12,000 in an investment that produced a return of 16%. What is

your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 4% over the year? A) 18% B) 2% C) 12% D) 15%

42) If the annual real rate of interest is 2.5%, and the expected inflation rate is 1.0%, the nominal

rate of interest would be approximately: A) 3.5%. B) 2.5%. C) 1%. D) 6.8%. E) None of the options are correct.

43) If the annual real rate of interest is 2.5%, and the expected inflation rate is 3.4%, the nominal

rate of interest would be approximately: A) 5.9%. B) 0.9%. C) –0.9%. D) 7%. E) None of the options are correct.

44) If the annual real rate of interest is 4%, and the expected inflation rate is 2%, the nominal rate

of interest would be approximately: A) 6%. B) 3%. C) 1%. D) 5%. E) None of the options are correct.

45) You purchased a share of stock for $12. One year later, you received $0.50 as a dividend and

sold the share for $13.25. What was your holding-period return? A) 9.75% B) 10.65% C) 11.75% D) 14.58% E) None of the options are correct.

46) You purchased a share of stock for $120. One year later, you received $1.82 as a dividend

and sold the share for $136. What was your holding-period return? A) 15.67% B) 22.12% C) 18.85% D) 13.24% E) None of the options are correct.

47) You purchased a share of stock for $65. One year later, you received $2.37 as a dividend and

sold the share for $63. What was your holding-period return? A) 0.57% B) −0.26% C) −0.89% D) 5.70% E) None of the options are correct.

48) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for a stock: Stock of the Economy Probability HPR Boom 0.40 22% Normal growth 0.35 11% Recession 0.25 –9%

What is the expected holding-period return for the stock? A) 11.67% B) 8.33% C) 9.56% D) 12.4% E) None of the options are correct.

49) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for a stock: Stock of the Economy Probability HPR Boom 0.40 22% Normal growth 0.35 11% Recession 0.25 −9%

What is the expected standard deviation for the stock? A) 2.07% B) 9.96% C) 7.04% D) 1.44% E) None of the options are correct.

50) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for a stock: Stock of the Economy Probability HPR Boom 0.40 22% Normal growth 0.35 11% Recession 0.25 −9%

What is the expected variance for the stock? A) 1.42% B) 1.90% C) 1.77% D) 1.48% E) None of the options are correct.

51) Which of the following measures of risk best highlights the potential loss from extreme

negative returns? A) Standard deviation B) Variance C) Upper partial standard deviation D) Value at risk (VaR) E) None of the options are correct.

52) Over the past year, you earned a nominal rate of interest of 3.6% on your money. The

inflation rate was 3.1% over the same period. The exact actual growth rate of your purchasing power was: A) 3.6%. B) 3.1%. C) 0.48%. D) 6.7%.

53) A year ago, you invested $1,000 in a savings account that pays an annual interest rate of

4.3%. What is your approximate annual real rate of return if the rate of inflation was 3% over the year? A) 4.3% B) −1.3% C) 7.3% D) 3.0% E) None of the options are correct.

54) If the annual real rate of interest is 3.5%, and the expected inflation rate is 3.5%, the nominal

rate of interest would be approximately: A) 0.0%. B) 3.5%. C) 12.3%. D) 7.0%.

55) You purchased a share of CSCO stock for $20. One year later, you received $2 as a dividend

and sold the share for $31. What was your holding-period return? A) 45% B) 50% C) 60% D) 40% E) None of the options are correct.

56) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for GM stock: Stock of the Economy Probability HPR Boom 0.40 30% Normal growth 0.40 11% Recession 0.20 –10%

What is the expected holding-period return for GM stock? A) 10.4% B) 11.4% C) 12.4% D) 13.4% E) 14.4%

57) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for GM stock: Stock of the Economy Probability HPR Boom 0.40 30% Normal growth 0.40 11% Recession 0.20 –10%

What is the expected standard deviation for GM stock? A) 16.91% B) 16.13% C) 13.79% D) 15.25% E) 14.87%

58) You have been given this probability distribution for the holding-period return for GM stock: Stock of the Economy Probability HPR Boom 0.40 30% Normal growth 0.40 11% Recession 0.20 −10%

What is the expected variance for GM stock? A) 200.00% B) 2.21% C) 246.37% D) 14.87% E) 16.13%

59) You purchase a share of CAT stock for $90. One year later, after receiving a dividend of $4,

you sell the stock for $97. What was your holding-period return? A) 14.44% B) 12.22% C) 13.33% D) 5.56%

60) When comparing investments with different horizons, the _________ provides the more

accurate comparison. A) arithmetic average B) effective annual rate C) average annual return D) historical annual average

61) Annual percentage rates (APRs) are computed using: A) simple interest. B) compound interest. C) either simple interest or compound interest. D) best estimates of expected real costs. E) None of the options are correct.

62) If an investment provides a 2% return semi-annually, its effective annual rate is: A) 2.00%. B) 4.00%. C) 4.02%. D) 4.04%. E) None of the options are correct.

63) If an investment provides a 1.25% return quarterly, its effective annual rate is: A) 5.23%. B) 5.09%. C) 4.02%. D) 4.04%.

64) If an investment provides a 0.78% return monthly, its effective annual rate is: A) 9.36%. B) 9.63%. C) 10.02%. D) 9.77%.

65) If an investment provides a 3% return semi-annually, its effective annual rate is: A) 3%. B) 6%. C) 6.06%. D) 6.09%.

66) If an investment provides a 2.1% return quarterly, its effective annual rate is: A) 2.1%. B) 8.4%. C) 8.56%. D) 8.67%.

67) Skewness is a measure of: A) how fat the tails of a distribution are. B) the downside risk of a distribution. C) the asymmetry of a distribution. D) the dividend yield of the distribution. E) None of the options are correct.

68) Kurtosis is a measure of: A) how fat the tails of a distribution are. B) the downside risk of a distribution. C) the normality of a distribution. D) the dividend yield of the distribution.

69) When a distribution is positively skewed, A) standard deviation overestimates risk. B) standard deviation correctly estimates risk. C) standard deviation underestimates risk. D) the tails are fatter than in a normal distribution. E) None of the options are correct.

70) When a distribution is negatively skewed, A) standard deviation overestimates risk. B) standard deviation correctly estimates risk. C) standard deviation underestimates risk. D) the tails are fatter than in a normal distribution. E) None of the options are correct.

71) If a distribution has "fat tails," it exhibits: A) positive skewness. B) negative skewness. C) a kurtosis of zero. D) positive kurtosis. E) positive skewness and kurtosis.

72) If a portfolio had a return of 8%, the risk-free asset return was 3%, and the standard deviation

of the portfolio's excess returns was 20%, the Sharpe measure would be: A) 0.08. B) 0.03. C) 0.20. D) 0.11. E) 0.25.

73) If a portfolio had a return of 12%, the risk-free asset return was 4%, and the standard

deviation of the portfolio's excess returns was 25%, the Sharpe measure would be: A) 0.12. B) 0.04. C) 0.32. D) 0.16. E) 0.25.

74) If a portfolio had a return of 15%, the risk-free asset return was 5%, and the standard

deviation of the portfolio's excess returns was 30%, the Sharpe measure would be: A) 0.20. B) 0.35. C) 0.45. D) 0.33. E) 0.25.

75) If a portfolio had a return of 12%, the risk-free asset return was 4%, and the standard

deviation of the portfolio's excess returns was 25%, the risk premium would be: A) 8%. B) 16%. C) 32%. D) 21%. E) 29%.

76) _________ is a risk measure that indicates vulnerability to extreme negative returns. A) Value at risk B) Upper partial standard deviation C) Standard deviation D) Variance E) None of the options are correct.

77) _________ is a risk measure that indicates vulnerability to extreme negative returns. A) Value at risk B) Lower partial standard deviation C) Expected shortfall D) All of the options are correct.

78) The most common measure of loss associated with extremely negative returns is: A) upper partial standard deviation. B) value at risk. C) expected windfall. D) negative standard deviation. E) None of the options are correct.

79) Practitioners often use a _________% VaR, meaning that _________% of returns will

exceed the VaR, and _________% will be worse. A) 25; 75; 25 B) 75; 25; 75 C) 1; 99; 1 D) 95; 5; 95 E) 80; 80; 20

80) When assessing tail risk by looking at the 1% worst-case scenario, the VaR is the: A) most realistic, as it is the most complete measure of risk. B) most pessimistic, as it is the most complete measure of risk. C) most optimistic, as it is the most complete measure of risk. D) most optimistic, as it takes the highest return (smallest loss) of all the cases. E) None of the options are correct.

81) When assessing tail risk by looking at the 1% worst-case scenario, the most realistic view of

downside exposure would be: A) expected shortfall. B) value at risk. C) unconditional tail expectation. D) expected shortfall and value at risk. E) expected shortfall and unconditional tail expectation.

82) A portfolio generates a Sharpe ratio of 0.83. Which of the following benchmark Sharpe

ration would be considered show the portfolio over performed? A) 0.81 B) 0.79 C) 0.65 D) 0.62 E) All of the options are correct.

83) The best measure of a portfolio’s risk adjusted performance is the _________. A) B) C) D) E)

return standard deviation Jensen alpha Sharpe measure All of the options are correct.

84) Which combination of returns and standard deviation provides the highest Sharpe ratio?

Assume a 3% risk free rate. A) return = 12%, standard deviation = 20% B) return = 15%, standard deviation = 22% C) return = 21%, standard deviation = 25% D) return = 25%, standard deviation = 35% E) None of the options are correct.

85) A(n) _________ can be used to show the possible outcomes from a normal distribution

function. A) bell curve B) cumulative normal function C) event tree D) confidence level E) None of the options are correct.

86) In a two tailed normal distribution function, what is the confidence level created at 2 standard

deviations? A) 68.26% B) 95.44% C) 99.74% D) 86.85% E) 72.50%

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 5 1) D 2) C 3) C 4) A 5) B 6) B 7) B 8) B 9) D 10) B 11) D 12) B 13) A 14) B 15) A 16) D 17) A 18) B 19) A 20) E 21) D 22) A 23) D 24) D 25) C 26) E 27) A 28) B 29) D 30) E 31) D 32) A 33) B 34) B 35) A 36) C 37) A

38) B 39) A 40) B 41) C 42) A 43) A 44) A 45) D 46) E 47) A 48) E 49) E 50) D 51) D 52) C 53) E 54) D 55) E 56) E 57) E 58) B 59) B 60) B 61) A 62) D 63) B 64) D 65) D 66) D 67) C 68) A 69) A 70) C 71) D 72) E 73) C 74) D 75) A 76) A 77) D

78) B 79) C 80) D 81) A 82) E 83) D 84) C 85) C 86) B

Chapter 6:__________ 1) Which of the following statements regarding risk-averse investors is true? A) They only care about the rate of return. B) They accept investments that are fair games. C) They only accept risky investments that offer risk premiums over the risk-free rate. D) They are willing to accept lower returns and high risk. E) They only care about the rate of return, and they accept investments that are fair

games.

2) Which of the following statements is(are) true? 1. Risk-averse investors reject investments that are fair games. 2. Risk-neutral investors judge risky investments only by the expected returns. 3. Risk-averse investors judge investments only by their riskiness. 4. Risk-loving investors will not engage in fair games. A) I only B) II only C) I and II only D) II and III only E) II, III, and IV only

3) Which of the following statements is(are) false? 1. Risk-averse investors reject investments that are fair games. 2. Risk-neutral investors judge risky investments only by the expected returns. 3. Risk-averse investors judge investments only by their riskiness. 4. Risk-loving investors will not engage in fair games. A) I only B) II only C) I and II only D) II and III only E) III and IV only

4) In the mean-standard deviation graph, an indifference curve has a _________ slope. A) negative B) zero C) positive D) vertical E) Cannot be determined.

5) In the mean-standard deviation graph, which one of the following statements is true

regarding the indifference curve of a risk-averse investor? A) It is the locus of portfolios that have the same expected rates of return and different standard deviations. B) It is the locus of portfolios that have the same standard deviations and different rates of return. C) It is the locus of portfolios that offer the same utility according to returns and standard deviations. D) It connects portfolios that offer increasing utilities according to returns and standard deviations. E) None of the options are correct.

6) In a return-standard deviation space, which of the following statements is(are) true for risk-

averse investors? (The vertical and horizontal lines are referred to as the expected return-axis and the standard deviation-axis, respectively.) 1. An investor's own indifference curves might intersect. 2. Indifference curves have negative slopes. 3. In a set of indifference curves, the highest offers the greatest utility. 4. Indifference curves of two investors might intersect. A) I and II only B) II and III only C) I and IV only D) III and IV only E) None of the options are correct.

7) Elias is a risk-averse investor. David is a less risk-averse investor than Elias. Therefore, A) for the same risk, David requires a higher rate of return than Elias. B) for the same return, Elias tolerates higher risk than David. C) for the same risk, Elias requires a lower rate of return than David. D) for the same return, David tolerates higher risk than Elias. E) cannot be determined.

8) When an investment advisor attempts to determine an investor's risk tolerance, which factor

would they be least likely to assess? A) The investor's prior investing experience B) The investor's degree of financial security C) The investor's tendency to make risky or conservative choices D) The level of return the investor prefers E) The investor's feelings about loss

9) Assume an investor with the following utility function: U = E(r) − 0.6(σ2).

To maximize her expected utility, she would choose the asset with an expected rate of return of _________ and a standard deviation of _________, respectively. A) 12%; 20% B) 10%; 15% C) 10%; 10% D) 8%; 10%

10) Assume an investor with the following utility function: U = E(r) − 6σ2.

To maximize her expected utility, which one of the following investment alternatives would she choose? A) A portfolio that pays 10% with a 60% probability or 5% with 40% probability. B) A portfolio that pays 10% with 40% probability or 5% with a 60% probability. C) A portfolio that pays 12% with 60% probability or 5% with 40% probability. D) A portfolio that pays 12% with 40% probability or 5% with 60% probability.

11) A portfolio has an expected rate of return of 0.15 and a standard deviation of 0.15. The risk-

free rate is 6%. An investor has the following utility function: U = E(r) − 0.5Aσ2. Which value of A makes this investor indifferent between the risky portfolio and the risk-free asset? A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8

12) According to the mean-variance criterion, which one of the following investments dominates

all others? A) E(r) = 0.15; Variance = 0.20 B) E(r) = 0.10; Variance = 0.20 C) E(r) = 0.10; Variance = 0.25 D) E(r) = 0.15; Variance = 0.25 E) None of these options dominates the other alternatives.

13) Consider a risky portfolio, A, with an expected rate of return of 0.15 and a standard deviation

of 0.15, that lies on a given indifference curve. Which one of the following portfolios might lie on the same indifference curve for a risk averse investor? A) E(r) = 0.15; Standard deviation = 0.20 B) E(r) = 0.15; Standard deviation = 0.10 C) E(r) = 0.10; Standard deviation = 0.10 D) E(r) = 0.20; Standard deviation = 0.15 E) E(r) = 0.10; Standard deviation = 0.20

14) Use the below information to answer the following question. Investment Expected Return Standard E(r) Deviation 1 0.12 0.3 2 0.15 0.5 3 0.21 0.16 4 0.24 0.21

U = E(r) − (1/2)Aσ2 where A = 4.0. Based on the utility function above, which investment would you select? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

15) Use the below information to answer the following question. Investment Expected Return Standard E(r) Deviation 1 0.12 0.3 2 0.15 0.5 3 0.21 0.16 4 0.24 0.21

Which investment would you select if you were risk neutral? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) Cannot be determined from the information given.

16) Use the below information to answer the following question. Investment Expected Return Standard E(r) Deviation 1 0.12 0.3 2 0.15 0.5 3 0.21 0.16 4 0.24 0.21

U = E(r) − (1 ÷ 2) Aσ2, where A = 4.0. The variable ( A) in the utility function represents the: A) investor's return requirement. B) investor's aversion to risk. C) certainty-equivalent rate of the portfolio. D) minimum required utility of the portfolio.

17) The exact indifference curves of different investors: A) can be known with perfect certainty. B) can be calculated precisely with the use of advanced calculus. C) are known with perfect certainty and allow the advisor to create more suitable

portfolios for the client. D) although not known with perfect certainty, do allow the advisor to create more suitable portfolios for the client. E) cannot cross indifferences curves of other investors.

18) The riskiness of individual assets: A) should be considered for the asset in isolation. B) should be considered in the context of the effect on overall portfolio viability. C) should be combined with the riskiness of other individual assets in equal proportions. D) should be considered in the context of the effect on overall portfolio volatility and

should be combined with the riskiness of other individual assets in the proportions these assets constitute the entire portfolio. E) is small compared to the riskiness of a portfolio of those individual assets.

19) A fair game: A) will be undertaken by a risk-averse investor. B) is a risky investment with a positive-risk premium. C) is a riskless investment. D) will not be undertaken by a risk-averse investor and is a risky investment with a zero-

risk premium. E) will not be undertaken by a risk-averse investor and is a riskless investment.

20) The presence of risk means that: A) investors will lose money. B) more than one outcome is possible. C) the standard deviation of the payoff is larger than its expected value. D) final wealth will be greater than initial wealth. E) terminal wealth will be less than initial wealth.

21) The utility score an investor assigns to a particular portfolio, other things equal, A) will decrease as the rate of return increases. B) will decrease as the standard deviation decreases. C) will decrease as the variance decreases. D) will increase as the variance increases. E) will increase as the rate of return increases.

22) The certainty equivalent rate of a portfolio is: A) the rate that a risk-free investment would need to offer with certainty to be considered

equally attractive as the risky portfolio. B) the rate that the investor must earn for certain to give up the use of his money. C) the minimum rate guaranteed by institutions such as banks. D) the rate that equates "A" in the utility function with the average risk aversion coefficient for all risk-averse investors. E) represented by the scaling factor "−0.005" in the utility function.

23) According to the mean-variance criterion, which of the statements below is correct? Investment E(r) Standard Deviation A 10% 5% B 21% 11% C 18% 23% D 24% 16% A) B) C) D) E)

Investment B dominates investment A. Investment B dominates investment C. Investment D dominates all of the other investments. Investment D dominates only investment B. Investment C dominates investment A.

24) Steve is more risk-averse than Edie. On a graph that shows Steve and Edie's indifference

curves, which of the following is true? Assume that the graph shows expected return on the vertical axis and standard deviation on the horizontal axis. 1. Steve and Edie's indifference curves might intersect. 2. Steve's indifference curves will have flatter slopes than Edie's. 3. Steve's indifference curves will have steeper slopes than Edie's. 4. Steve and Edie's indifference curves will not intersect. 5. Steve's indifference curves will be downward sloping, and Edie's will be upward sloping. A) I and V B) I and III C) III and IV D) I and II E) II and IV

25) The capital allocation line can be described as the: A) investment opportunity set formed with a risky asset and a risk-free asset. B) investment opportunity set formed with two risky assets. C) line on which lie all portfolios that offer the same utility to a particular investor. D) line on which lie all portfolios with the same expected rate of return and different

standard deviations.

26) Which of the following statements regarding the capital allocation line (CAL) is false? A) The CAL shows risk-return combinations. B) The slope of the CAL equals the increase in the expected return of the complete

portfolio per unit of additional standard deviation. C) The slope of the CAL is also called the reward-to-volatility ratio. D) The CAL is also called the efficient frontier of risky assets in the absence of a riskfree asset.

27) Given the capital allocation line, an investor's optimal portfolio is the portfolio that: A) maximizes her expected profit. B) maximizes her risk. C) minimizes both her risk and return. D) maximizes her expected utility. E) None of the options are correct.

28) An investor invests 40% of her wealth in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.15

and a variance of 0.04 and 60% in a T-bill that pays 6%. Her portfolio's expected return and standard deviation are _________ and _________ , respectively. A) 0.114; 0.12 B) 0.096; 0.08 C) 0.295; 0.06 D) 0.087; 0.12 E) None of the options are correct.

29) An investor invests 40% of his wealth in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.13

and a variance of 0.03 and 60% in a T-bill that pays 6%. His portfolio's expected return and standard deviation are _________ and _________, respectively. A) 0.114; 0.128 B) 0.087; 0.063 C) 0.295; 0.125 D) 0.088; 0.069

30) An investor invests 25% of her wealth in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.17

and a variance of 0.08 and 75% in a T-bill that pays 4.5%. Her portfolio's expected return and standard deviation are _________ and _________, respectively. A) 0.114; 0.126 B) 0.087; 0.068 C) 0.076; 0.071 D) 0.087; 0.124 E) None of the options are correct.

31) An investor invests 70% of his wealth in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.15

and a variance of 0.04 and 30% in a T-bill that pays 5%. His portfolio's expected return and standard deviation are _________ and _________, respectively. A) 0.120; 0.14 B) 0.087; 0.03 C) 0.295; 0.03 D) 0.087; 0.14

32) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.12 and a standard

deviation of 0.15 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.05. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risky asset and the risk-free asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with an expected return of 0.09? A) 85% and 15% B) 75% and 25% C) 67% and 33% D) 57% and 43% E) Cannot be determined.

33) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.12 and a standard

deviation of 0.15 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.05. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risk-free asset and the risky asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with a standard deviation of 0.06? A) 30% and 70% B) 50% and 50% C) 60% and 40% D) 40% and 60% E) Cannot be determined.

34) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.12 and a standard

deviation of 0.15 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.05. A portfolio that has an expected outcome of $115 is formed by: A) investing $100 in the risky asset. B) investing $80 in the risky asset and $20 in the risk-free asset. C) borrowing $43 at the risk-free rate and investing the total amount ($143) in the risky asset. D) investing $43 in the risky asset and $57 in the riskless asset. E) Such a portfolio cannot be formed.

35) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.12 and a standard

deviation of 0.15 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.05. The slope of the capital allocation line formed with the risky asset and the risk-free asset is equal to: A) 0.4667. B) 0.8000. C) 2.1400. D) 0.41667. E) Cannot be determined.

36) Consider a T-bill with a rate of return of 5% and the following risky securities:

Security A: E(r) = 0.15; Variance = 0.04 Security B: E(r) = 0.10; Variance = 0.0225 Security C: E(r) = 0.12; Variance = 0.01 Security D: E(r) = 0.13; Variance = 0.0625From which set of portfolios, formed with the Tbill and any one of the four risky securities, would a risk-averse investor always choose his portfolio? A) The set of portfolios formed with the T-bill and security A. B) The set of portfolios formed with the T-bill and security B. C) The set of portfolios formed with the T-bill and security C. D) The set of portfolios formed with the T-bill and security D. E) Cannot be determined.

37) You are considering investing $1,000 in a T-bill that pays 0.05 and a risky portfolio, P,

constructed with two risky securities, X and Y. The weights of X and Y in P are 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. X has an expected rate of return of 0.14 and variance of 0.01, and Y has an expected rate of return of 0.10 and a variance of 0.0081. If you want to form a portfolio with an expected rate of return of 0.11, what percentages of your money must you invest in the T-bill and P, respectively? A) 0.25; 0.75 B) 0.19; 0.81 C) 0.65; 0.35 D) 0.50; 0.50 E) Cannot be determined.

38) You are considering investing $1,000 in a T-bill that pays 0.05 and a risky portfolio, P,

constructed with two risky securities, X and Y. The weights of X and Y in P are 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. X has an expected rate of return of 0.14 and variance of 0.01, and Y has an expected rate of return of 0.10 and a variance of 0.0081. If you want to form a portfolio with an expected rate of return of 0.10, what percentages of your money must you invest in the T-bill, X, and Y, respectively, if you keep X and Y in the same proportions to each other as in portfolio P? A) 0.25; 0.45; 0.30 B) 0.19; 0.49; 0.32 C) 0.32; 0.41; 0.27 D) 0.50; 0.30; 0.20 E) Cannot be determined.

39) You are considering investing $1,000 in a T-bill that pays 0.05 and a risky portfolio, P,

constructed with two risky securities, X and Y. The weights of X and Y in P are 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. X has an expected rate of return of 0.14 and variance of 0.01, and Y has an expected rate of return of 0.10 and a variance of 0.0081. What would be the dollar values of your positions in X and Y, respectively, if you decide to hold 40% of your money in the risky portfolio and 60% in T-bills? A) $240; $360 B) $360; $240 C) $100; $240 D) $240; $160 E) Cannot be determined.

40) You are considering investing $1,000 in a T-bill that pays 0.05 and a risky portfolio, P,

constructed with two risky securities, X and Y. The weights of X and Y in P are 0.60 and 0.40, respectively. X has an expected rate of return of 0.14 and variance of 0.01, and Y has an expected rate of return of 0.10 and a variance of 0.0081. What would be the dollar value of your positions in X, Y, and the T-bills, respectively, if you decide to hold a portfolio that has an expected outcome of $1,120? A) $568; $378; $54 B) $568; $54; $378 C) $378; $54; $568 D) $108; $514; $378 E) Cannot be determined.

41) A reward-to-volatility ratio is useful in: A) measuring the standard deviation of returns. B) understanding how returns increase relative to risk increases. C) analyzing returns on variable-rate bonds. D) assessing the effects of inflation. E) None of the options are correct.

42) The change from a straight to a kinked capital allocation line is a result of: A) reward-to-volatility ratio increasing. B) borrowing rate exceeding lending rate. C) an investor's risk tolerance decreasing. D) increase in the portfolio proportion of the risk-free asset. E) an investor's risk tolerance increasing.

43) The first major step in asset allocation is: A) assessing risk tolerance. B) analyzing financial statements. C) estimating security betas. D) identifying market anomalies. E) All steps must be made simultaneously.

44) Based on their relative degrees of risk tolerance, A) investors will hold varying amounts of the risky asset in their portfolios. B) all investors will have the same portfolio asset allocations. C) investors will hold varying amounts of the risk-free asset in their portfolios. D) investors will hold varying amounts of the risky asset and varying amounts of the

risk-free asset in their portfolios.

45) Asset allocation may involve: A) the decision as to the allocation between a risk-loving asset and a risky asset. B) the decision as to the allocation among different risky assets and considerable security

analysis. C) considerable security analysis. D) the decision as to the allocation between a risk-free asset and a risky asset and the decision as to the allocation among different risky assets. E) the decision as to the allocation between a risk-free asset and a risky asset and considerable security analysis.

46) In the mean-standard deviation graph, the line that connects the risk-free rate and the optimal

risky portfolio, P, is called: A) the security market line. B) the capital allocation line. C) the indifference curve. D) the investor's utility line. E) the security allocation line.

47) Treasury bills are commonly viewed as risk-free assets because: A) their short-term nature makes their values insensitive to interest rate fluctuations,

only. B) the inflation uncertainty over their time to maturity is negligible, only. C) their term to maturity is identical to most investors' desired holding periods, only. D) their short-term nature makes their values insensitive to interest rate fluctuations, and the inflation uncertainty over their time to maturity is negligible. E) the inflation uncertainty over their time to maturity is negligible, and their term to maturity is identical to most investors' desired holding periods.

48) Your client, Bo Regard, holds a complete portfolio that consists of a portfolio of risky assets

( P) and T-Bills. The information below refers to these assets. E(Rp)

12.00%

Standard Deviation of P

7.20%

T-Bill rate

3.60%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in P

80%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in TBills Composition of P:

20%

Stock A

40.00%

Stock B

25.00%

Stock C

35.00%

Total

100.00%

What is the expected return on Bo's complete portfolio? A) 10.32% B) 5.28% C) 9.62% D) 8.44% E) 7.58%

49) Your client, Bo Regard, holds a complete portfolio that consists of a portfolio of risky assets

( P) and T-Bills. The information below refers to these assets. E(Rp)

12.00%

Standard Deviation of P

7.20%

T-Bill rate

3.60%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in P

80%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in TBills Composition of P:

20%

Stock A

40.00%

Stock B

25.00%

Stock C

35.00%

Total

100.00%

What is the standard deviation of Bo's complete portfolio? A) 7.20% B) 5.40% C) 6.92% D) 4.98% E) 5.76%

50) Your client, Bo Regard, holds a complete portfolio that consists of a portfolio of risky assets

(P) and T-Bills. The information below refers to these assets. E(Rp)

12.00%

Standard Deviation of P

7.20%

T-Bill rate

3.60%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in P

80%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in TBills Composition of P:

20%

Stock A

40.00%

Stock B

25.00%

Stock C

35.00%

Total

100.00%

What is the equation of Bo's capital allocation line? A) E(rC) = 7.2 + 3.6 × Standard Deviation of P B) E(rC) = 3.6 + 1.167 × Standard Deviation of P C) E(rC) = 3.6 + 12.0 × Standard Deviation of P D) E(rC) = 0.2 + 1.167 × Standard Deviation of P E) E(rC) = 3.6 + 0.857 × Standard Deviation of P

51) Your client, Bo Regard, holds a complete portfolio that consists of a portfolio of risky assets

( P) and T-Bills. The information below refers to these assets. E(Rp)

12.00%

Standard Deviation of P

7.20%

T-Bill rate

3.60%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in P

80%

Proportion of Complete Portfolio in TBills Composition of P:

20%

Stock A

40.00%

Stock B

25.00%

Stock C

35.00%

Total

100.00%

What are the proportions of stocks A, B, and C, respectively, in Bo's complete portfolio? A) 40%, 25%, 35% B) 8%, 5%, 7% C) 32%, 20%, 28% D) 16%, 10%, 14% E) 20%, 12.5%, 17.5%

52) To build an indifference curve, we can first find the utility of a portfolio with 100% in the

risk-free asset, then: A) find the utility of a portfolio with 0% in the risk-free asset. B) change the expected return of the portfolio and equate the utility to the standard deviation. C) find another utility level with 0% risk. D) change the standard deviation of the portfolio and find the expected return the investor would require to maintain the same utility level. E) change the risk-free rate and find the utility level that results in the same standard deviation.

53) The capital market line 1. is a special case of the capital allocation line. 2. represents the opportunity set of a passive investment strategy. 3. has the one-month T-Bill rate as its intercept. 4. uses a broad index of common stocks as its risky portfolio. A) I, III, and IV B) II, III, and IV C) III and IV D) I, II, and III E) I, II, III, and IV

54) An investor invests 35% of his wealth in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.18

and a variance of 0.10 and 65% in a T-bill that pays 4%. His portfolio's expected return and standard deviation are _________ and _________, respectively. A) 0.089; 0.111 B) 0.087; 0.063 C) 0.096; 0.126 D) 0.087; 0.144 E) None of the options are correct.

55) An investor invests 30% of his wealth in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11

and a variance of 0.12 and 70% in a T-bill that pays 3%. His portfolio's expected return and standard deviation are _________ and _________, respectively. A) 0.086; 0.242 B) 0.054; 0.104 C) 0.295; 0.123 D) 0.087; 0.182 E) None of the options are correct.

56) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.20 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.03. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risky asset and the risk-free asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with an expected return of 0.08? A) 85% and 15% B) 75% and 25% C) 62.5% and 37.5% D) 57% and 43% E) Cannot be determined.

57) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.20 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.03. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risk-free asset and the risky asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with a standard deviation of 0.08? A) 30% and 70% B) 50% and 50% C) 60% and 40% D) 40% and 60% E) Cannot be determined.

58) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.20 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.03. The slope of the capital allocation line formed with the risky asset and the risk-free asset is equal to: A) 0.47. B) 0.80. C) 2.14. D) 0.40. E) Cannot be determined.

59) You invest $1,000 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.17 and a standard

deviation of 0.40 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.04. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risky asset and the risk-free asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with an expected return of 0.11? A) 53.8% and 46.2% B) 75% and 25% C) 62.5% and 37.5% D) 46.2% and 53.8% E) Cannot be determined.

60) You invest $1,000 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.17 and a standard

deviation of 0.40 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.04. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risk-free asset and the risky asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with a standard deviation of 0.20? A) 30% and 70% B) 50% and 50% C) 60% and 40% D) 40% and 60% E) Cannot be determined.

61) You invest $1,000 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.17 and a standard

deviation of 0.40 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.04. The slope of the capital allocation line formed with the risky asset and the risk-free asset is equal to: A) 0.325. B) 0.675. C) 0.912. D) 0.407. E) Cannot be determined.

62) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.21 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.045. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risky asset and the risk-free asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with an expected return of 0.13? A) 130.77% and −30.77% B) −30.77% and 130.77% C) 67.67% and 33.33% D) 57.75% and 42.25% E) Cannot be determined.

63) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.21 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.045. What percentages of your money must be invested in the risk-free asset and the risky asset, respectively, to form a portfolio with a standard deviation of 0.08? A) 30.1% and 69.9% B) 50.5% and 49.50% C) 60.0% and 40.0% D) 61.9% and 38.1% E) Cannot be determined.

64) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.21 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.045. A portfolio that has an expected outcome of $114 is formed by: A) investing $100 in the risky asset. B) investing $80 in the risky asset and $20 in the risk-free asset. C) borrowing $46 at the risk-free rate and investing the total amount ($146) in the risky asset. D) investing $43 in the risky asset and $57 in the risk-free asset. E) Such a portfolio cannot be formed.

65) You invest $100 in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 0.11 and a standard

deviation of 0.21 and a T-bill with a rate of return of 0.045. The slope of the capital allocation line formed with the risky asset and the risk-free asset is equal to: A) 0.4667. B) 0.8000. C) 0.3095. D) 0.41667. E) Cannot be determined.

66) The standard deviation of a two-asset portfolio with a correlation coefficient of 0.35 will be

_________ the weighted average standard deviation of the portfolio. A) below B) above C) equal to D) incomparable to E) None of the options are correct.

67) The expected return of a two asset portfolio with a correlation coefficient of 0.35 will be

_________ the weighted average expected return of the portfolio. A) below B) above C) equal to D) incomparable to E) None of the options are correct.

68) For capital investments where the forecasted return is below the investor’s required return

and above the capital market line, the investment is likely _________. A) overvalued B) undervalued C) properly valued D) ambiguous E) None of the options are correct.

69) For capital investments where the forecasted return is above the investor’s required return

and below the capital market line, the investment is likely _________. A) overvalued B) undervalued C) properly valued D) ambiguous E) None of the options are correct.

70) The reduction in standard deviation from a well-diversified portfolio of 100 stocks will

_________ than that of a 200-stock portfolio. A) not be statistically significantly different B) be statistically significantly different C) equal to D) be materially different E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 6 1) C 2) C 3) E 4) C 5) C 6) D 7) D 8) D 9) A 10) C 11) D 12) A 13) C 14) C 15) D 16) B 17) D 18) D 19) D 20) B 21) E 22) A 23) B 24) B 25) A 26) D 27) D 28) B 29) D 30) C 31) A 32) D 33) C 34) C 35) A 36) C 37) B

38) C 39) D 40) A 41) B 42) B 43) A 44) D 45) D 46) B 47) D 48) A 49) E 50) B 51) C 52) D 53) E 54) A 55) B 56) C 57) C 58) D 59) A 60) B 61) A 62) A 63) D 64) C 65) C 66) A 67) C 68) A 69) B 70) A

Chapter 7:__________ 1) Market risk is also referred to as: A) systematic risk or diversifiable risk. B) systematic risk or nondiversifiable risk. C) unique risk or nondiversifiable risk. D) unique risk or diversifiable risk. E) None of the options are correct.

2) Systematic risk is also referred to as: A) market risk or nondiversifiable risk. B) market risk or diversifiable risk. C) unique risk or nondiversifiable risk. D) unique risk or diversifiable risk. E) None of the options are correct.

3) Nondiversifiable risk is also referred to as: A) systematic risk or unique risk. B) systematic risk or market risk. C) unique risk or market risk. D) unique risk or firm-specific risk. E) None of the options are correct.

4) Diversifiable risk is also referred to as: A) systematic risk or unique risk. B) systematic risk or market risk. C) unique risk or market risk. D) unique risk or firm-specific risk.

5) Unique risk is also referred to as: A) systematic risk or diversifiable risk. B) systematic risk or market risk. C) diversifiable risk or market risk. D) diversifiable risk or firm-specific risk. E) None of the options are correct.

6) Firm-specific risk is also referred to as: A) systematic risk or diversifiable risk. B) systematic risk or market risk. C) diversifiable risk or market risk. D) diversifiable risk or unique risk. E) None of the options are correct.

7) Nonsystematic risk is also referred to as: A) market risk or diversifiable risk. B) firm-specific risk or market risk. C) diversifiable risk or market risk. D) diversifiable risk or unique risk. E) None of the options are correct.

8) The risk that can be diversified away is: A) firm-specific risk. B) beta. C) systematic risk. D) market risk. E) No risk can be diversified away.

9) The risk that cannot be diversified away is: A) firm-specific risk. B) unique. C) nonsystematic risk. D) market risk. E) All risk can be diversified away.

10) The variance of a portfolio of risky securities: A) is a weighted sum of the securities' variances. B) is the sum of the securities' variances. C) is the weighted sum of the securities' variances and covariances. D) is the sum of the securities' covariances. E) None of the options are correct.

11) The standard deviation of a portfolio of risky securities is: A) the square root of the weighted sum of the securities' variances. B) the square root of the sum of the securities' variances. C) the square root of the weighted sum of the securities' variances and covariances. D) the square root of the sum of the securities' covariances. E) None of the options are correct.

12) The expected return of a portfolio of risky securities: A) is a weighted average of the securities' returns. B) is the sum of the securities' returns. C) is the weighted sum of the securities' variances and covariances. D) is a weighted average of the securities' returns and the weighted sum of the securities'

variances and covariances. E) None of the options are correct.

13) Other things equal, diversification is most effective when: A) securities' returns are uncorrelated. B) securities' returns are positively correlated. C) securities' returns are high. D) securities' returns are negatively correlated. E) securities' returns are positively correlated and high.

14) The efficient frontier of risky assets is: A) the portion of the minimum-variance portfolio that lies above the global minimum

variance portfolio. B) the portion of the minimum-variance portfolio that represents the highest standard deviations. C) the portion of the minimum-variance portfolio that includes the portfolios with the lowest standard deviation. D) the set of portfolios that have zero standard deviation. E) Indeterminable

15) The capital allocation line provided by a risk-free security and N risky securities is: A) the line that connects the risk-free rate and the global minimum-variance portfolio of

the risky securities. B) the line that connects the risk-free rate and the portfolio of the risky securities that has the highest expected return on the efficient frontier. C) the line tangent to the efficient frontier of risky securities drawn from the risk-free rate. D) the horizontal line drawn from the risk-free rate. E) the vertical line drawn from the risk-free rate.

16) Consider an investment opportunity set formed with two securities that are perfectly

negatively correlated. The global-minimum variance portfolio has a standard deviation that is always: A) greater than zero. B) equal to zero. C) equal to the sum of the securities' standard deviations. D) equal to 1. E) equal to −1.

17) Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true regarding the variance of a portfolio of two

risky securities? 1. The higher the coefficient of correlation between securities, the greater the reduction in the portfolio variance. 2. There is a linear relationship between the securities' coefficient of correlation and the portfolio variance. 3. The degree to which the portfolio variance is reduced depends on the degree of correlation between securities. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II E) I and III

18) Which of the following statement(s) is(are) false regarding the variance of a portfolio of two

risky securities? 1. The higher the coefficient of correlation between securities, the greater the reduction in the portfolio variance. 2. There is a linear relationship between the securities' coefficient of correlation and the portfolio variance. 3. The degree to which the portfolio variance is reduced inversely depends on the degree of correlation between securities. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II E) I and III

19) Efficient portfolios of N risky securities are portfolios that: A) are formed with the securities that have the highest rates of return regardless of their

standard deviations. B) have the highest rates of return for a given level of risk. C) are selected from those securities with the lowest standard deviations regardless of their returns. D) have the highest risk and rates of return and the highest standard deviations. E) have the lowest standard deviations and the lowest rates of return.

20) Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true regarding the selection of a portfolio from

those that lie on the capital allocation line? 1. Less risk-averse investors will invest more in the risk-free security and less in the optimal risky portfolio than more risk-averse investors. 2. More risk-averse investors will invest less in the optimal risky portfolio and more in the risk-free security than less risk-averse investors. 3. Investors choose the portfolio that maximizes their expected utility. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and III E) II and III

21) Which of the following statement(s) is(are) false regarding the selection of a portfolio from

22) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

The expected rates of return of stocks A and B are ______ and ______, respectively. A) 13.2%; 9.8% B) 14.0%; 10.7% C) 13.2%; 7.7% D) 7.7%; 13.2% E) None of the options are correct.

23) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

The standard deviations of stocks A and B are _____ and _____, respectively. Note:Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 1.5%; 1.9% B) 2.5%; 1.1% C) 3.2%; 2.0% D) 1.5%; 1.1% E) None of the options are correct.

24) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

The variances of stocks A and B are _____ and ______, respectively. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 0.015%; 0.019% B) 0.022%; 0.012% C) 0.032%; 0.02% D) 0.015%; 0.011% E) None of the options are correct.

25) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

The coefficient of correlation between A and B is: Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 0.47. B) 0.60. C) 0.58. D) 1.20. E) None of the options are correct.

26) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

If you invest 40% of your money in A and 60% in B, what would be your portfolio's expected rate of return and standard deviation? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 9.9%; 3% B) 9.9%; 1.1% C) 11%; 1.1% D) 11%; 3% E) None of the options are correct.

27) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

Let G be the global minimum variance portfolio. The weights of A and B in G are __________ and __________, respectively. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 0.40; 0.60 B) 0.66; 0.34 C) 0.34; 0.66 D) 0.77; 0.23 E) 0.24; 0.76

28) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

The expected rate of return and standard deviation of the global minimum variance portfolio, G, are __________ and __________, respectively. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 10.07%; 1.05% B) 8.97%; 2.03% C) 10.07%; 3.01% D) 9.04%; 1.05% E) None of the options are correct.

29) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.10 10% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.20 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 15% 8%

Which of the following portfolio(s) is(are) on the efficient frontier? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) The portfolio with 20 percent in A and 80 percent in B. B) The portfolio with 15 percent in A and 85 percent in B. C) The portfolio with 26 percent in A and 74 percent in B. D) The portfolio with 10 percent in A and 90 percent in B. E) A and B are both on the efficient frontier.

30) Consider two perfectly negatively correlated risky securities A and B. A has an expected rate

of return of 10% and a standard deviation of 16%. B has an expected rate of return of 8% and a standard deviation of 12%. The weights of A and B in the global minimum variance portfolio are _____ and _____, respectively. A) 0.24; 0.76 B) 0.50; 0.50 C) 0.57; 0.43 D) 0.43; 0.57 E) 0.76; 0.24

31) Consider two perfectly negatively correlated risky securities A and B. A has an expected rate

of return of 10% and a standard deviation of 16%. B has an expected rate of return of 8% and a standard deviation of 12%. The risk-free portfolio that can be formed with the two securities will earn a(n) _____ rate of return. A) 8.5% B) 9.0% C) 8.9% D) 9.9% E) None of the options are correct.

32) Given an optimal risky portfolio with expected return of 6%, standard deviation of 23%, and

a risk-free rate of 3%, what is the slope of the best feasible CAL? A) 0.64 B) 0.39 C) 0.08 D) 0.13 E) 0.36

33) An investor who wishes to form a portfolio that lies to the right of the optimal risky portfolio

on the capital allocation line must: A) lend some of the money at the risk-free rate. B) borrow some money at the risk-free rate and invest in the optimal riskless portfolio. C) invest only in risk-free securities. D) borrow some money at the risk-free rate, invest in the optimal risky portfolio, and invest only in risky securities E) Such a portfolio cannot be formed.

34) Which one of the following portfolios cannot lie on the efficient frontier as described by

Markowitz? Portfolio W X Y Z A) B) C) D) E)

Expected Return 9% 5% 15% 12%

Standard Deviation 21% 7% 36% 15%

Only portfolio W cannot lie on the efficient frontier. Only portfolio X cannot lie on the efficient frontier. Only portfolio Y cannot lie on the efficient frontier. Only portfolio Z cannot lie on the efficient frontier. Cannot be determined from the information given.

35) Which of the following portfolios can lie on the efficient frontier as described by

Markowitz? Portfolio W X Y Z A) B) C) D) E)

Expected Return 9% 5% 15% 12%

Standard Deviation 21% 7% 36% 15%

Only portfolio W, X, and Y can lie on the efficient frontier. Only portfolio W, X, and Z can lie on the efficient frontier. Only portfolio W, Y, and Z can lie on the efficient frontier. Only portfolio X, Y, and Z can lie on the efficient frontier. Cannot be determined from the information given.

36) Portfolio theory as described by Markowitz is most concerned with: A) the elimination of systematic risk. B) the effect of diversification on portfolio risk. C) the identification of unsystematic risk. D) active portfolio management to enhance returns. E) None of the options are correct.

37) The measure of risk in a Markowitz efficient frontier is: A) specific risk. B) standard deviation of returns. C) reinvestment risk. D) beta. E) None of the options are correct.

38) A statistic that measures how the returns of two risky assets move together is: A) variance. B) standard deviation. C) covariance. D) correlation. E) Both covariance and correlation measure this.

39) The unsystematic risk of a specific security: A) is likely to be higher in an increasing market. B) results from factors unique to the firm. C) depends on market volatility. D) cannot be diversified away. E) All of the options are correct.

40) Which statement about portfolio diversification is correct? A) Proper diversification can eliminate systematic risk. B) The risk-reducing benefits of diversification do not occur meaningfully until at least

50-60 individual securities have been purchased. C) Because diversification reduces a portfolio's total risk, it necessarily reduces the portfolio's expected return. D) Typically, as more securities are added to a portfolio, total risk would be expected to decrease at a decreasing rate. E) None of the statements are correct.

41) The individual investor's optimal portfolio is designated by: A) the point of tangency with the indifference curve and the capital allocation line. B) the point of highest reward to variability ratio in the opportunity set. C) the point of tangency with the opportunity set and the capital allocation line. D) the point of the highest reward to variability ratio in the indifference curve. E) None of the options are correct.

42) For a two-stock portfolio, what would be the preferred correlation coefficient between the

two stocks? A) +1.00 B) +0.50 C) 0.00 D) −1.00 E) None of the options are correct.

43) In a two-security minimum variance portfolio where the correlation between securities is

greater than −1.0, A) the security with the higher standard deviation will be weighted more heavily. B) the security with the higher standard deviation will be weighted less heavily. C) the two securities will be equally weighted. D) the risk will be zero. E) the return will be zero.

44) Which of the following is not a source of systematic risk? A) The business cycle B) Interest rates C) Personnel changes D) The inflation rate E) Exchange rates

45) The global minimum variance portfolio formed from two risky securities will be riskless

when the correlation coefficient between the two securities is: A) 0.0. B) 1.0. C) 0.5. D) −1.0. E) any negative number.

46) Security X has expected return of 12% and standard deviation of 18%. Security Y has

expected return of 15% and standard deviation of 26%. If the two securities have a correlation coefficient of 0.7, what is their covariance? A) 0.038 B) 0.070 C) 0.018 D) 0.033 E) 0.054

47) When two risky securities that are positively correlated but not perfectly correlated are held

in a portfolio, Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) the portfolio standard deviation will be greater than the weighted average of the individual security standard deviations. B) the portfolio standard deviation will be less than the weighted average of the individual security standard deviations. C) the portfolio standard deviation will be equal to the weighted average of the individual security standard deviations. D) the portfolio standard deviation will always be equal to the securities' covariance. E) None of the options are correct.

48) The line representing all combinations of portfolio expected returns and standard deviations

that can be constructed from two available assets is called the: A) risk/reward tradeoff line. B) capital allocation line. C) efficient frontier. D) portfolio opportunity set. E) Security Market Line.

49) Given an optimal risky portfolio with expected return of 12%, standard deviation of 26%,

and a risk-free rate of 5%, what is the slope of the best feasible CAL? A) 0.64 B) 0.27 C) 0.08 D) 0.33 E) 0.36

50) Given an optimal risky portfolio with expected return of 20%, standard deviation of 24%,

and a risk-free rate of 7%, what is the slope of the best feasible CAL? A) 0.64 B) 0.14 C) 0.62 D) 0.33 E) 0.54

51) The risk that can be diversified away in a portfolio is referred to as ___________. 1. diversifiable risk 2. unique risk 3. systematic risk 4. firm-specific risk A) I, III, and IV B) II, III, and IV C) III and IV D) I, II, and IV E) I, II, III, and IV

52) As the number of securities in a portfolio is increased, what happens to the average portfolio

standard deviation? A) It increases at an increasing rate. B) It increases at a decreasing rate. C) It decreases at an increasing rate. D) It decreases at a decreasing rate. E) It first decreases, then starts to increase as more securities are added.

53) In words, the covariance considers the probability of each scenario happening and the

interaction between: A) securities' returns relative to their variances. B) securities' returns relative to their mean returns. C) securities' returns relative to other securities' returns. D) the level of return a security has in that scenario and the overall portfolio return. E) the variance of the security's return in that scenario and the overall portfolio variance.

54) The standard deviation of a two-asset portfolio is a linear function of the assets' weights

when: A) B) C) D) E)

the assets have a correlation coefficient less than zero. the assets have a correlation coefficient equal to zero. the assets have a correlation coefficient greater than zero. the assets have a correlation coefficient equal to one. the assets have a correlation coefficient less than one.

55) A two-asset portfolio with a standard deviation of zero can be formed when: A) the assets have a correlation coefficient less than zero. B) the assets have a correlation coefficient equal to zero. C) the assets have a correlation coefficient greater than zero. D) the assets have a correlation coefficient equal to one. E) the assets have a correlation coefficient equal to negative one.

56) When borrowing and lending at a risk-free rate are allowed, which capital allocation line

(CAL) should the investor choose to combine with the efficient frontier? 1. The one with the highest reward-to-variability ratio. 2. The one that will maximize his utility. 3. The one with the steepest slope. 4. The one with the lowest slope. A) I and III B) I and IV C) II and IV D) I only E) I, II, and III

57) Given an optimal risky portfolio with expected return of 13%, standard deviation of 26%,

and a risk free rate of 5%, what is the slope of the best feasible CAL? A) 0.60 B) 0.14 C) 0.08 D) 0.36 E) 0.31

58) The separation property refers to the conclusion that: A) the determination of the best risky portfolio is objective, and the choice of the best

complete portfolio is subjective. B) the choice of the best complete portfolio is objective, and the determination of the best risky portfolio is objective. C) the choice of inputs to be used to determine the efficient frontier is objective, and the choice of the best CAL is subjective. D) the determination of the best CAL is objective, and the choice of the inputs to be used to determine the efficient frontier is subjective. E) investors are separate beings and will, therefore, have different preferences regarding the risk-return tradeoff.

59) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.15 8% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.15 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 16% 11%

The expected rates of return of stocks A and B are _____ and _____, respectively. A) 13.2%; 9% B) 13.0%; 8.4% C) 13.2%; 7.7% D) 7.7%; 13.2% E) None of the options are correct.

60) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.15 8% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.15 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 16% 11%

The standard deviations of stocks A and B are _____ and _____, respectively. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 1.56%; 1.99% B) 2.45%; 1.66% C) 3.22%; 2.01% D) 1.54%; 1.11%

61) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.15 8% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.15 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 16% 11%

The coefficient of correlation between A and B is: Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 0.47. B) 0.61. C) 0.59. D) 1.21. E) None of the options are correct.

62) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks A and B: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock A B 1 0.15 8% 8% 2 0.20 13% 7% 3 0.15 12% 6% 4 0.30 14% 9% 5 0.20 16% 11%

If you invest 35% of your money in A and 65% in B, what would be your portfolio's expected rate of return and standard deviation? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 9.9%; 3% B) 9.9%; 1.1% C) 10%; 1.7% D) 10%; 3% E) None of the options are correct.

63) Consider two perfectly negatively correlated risky securities A and B. A has an expected rate

of return of 12% and a standard deviation of 17%. B has an expected rate of return of 9% and a standard deviation of 14%. The weights of A and B in the global minimum variance portfolio are _____ and _____, respectively. A) 0.24; 0.76 B) 0.50; 0.50 C) 0.57; 0.43 D) 0.45; 0.55 E) 0.76; 0.24

64) Consider two perfectly negatively correlated risky securities A and B. A has an expected rate

of return of 12% and a standard deviation of 17%. B has an expected rate of return of 9% and a standard deviation of 14%. The risk-free portfolio that can be formed with the two securities will earn _____ rate of return. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 9.55% B) 10.35% C) 10.95% D) 9.90% E) None of the options are correct.

65) Security X has expected return of 14% and standard deviation of 22%. Security Y has

expected return of 16% and standard deviation of 28%. If the two securities have a correlation coefficient of 0.8, what is their covariance? A) 0.038 B) 0.049 C) 0.018 D) 0.013 E) 0.054

66) Given an optimal risky portfolio with expected return of 16%, standard deviation of 20%,

and a risk-free rate of 4%, what is the slope of the best feasible CAL? A) 0.60 B) 0.14 C) 0.08 D) 0.36 E) 0.31

67) Given an optimal risky portfolio with expected return of 12%, standard deviation of 26%,

and a risk-free rate of 3%, what is the slope of the best feasible CAL? A) 0.64 B) 0.14 C) 0.08 D) 0.35 E) 0.36

68) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks C and D: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock C D 1 0.30 7% −9% 2 0.50 11% 14% 3 0.20 −16% 26%

The expected rates of return of stocks C and D are _____ and _____, respectively. A) 4.4%; 9.5% B) 9.5%; 4.4% C) 6.3%; 8.7% D) 8.7%; 6.2% E) None of the options are correct.

69) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks C and D: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock C D 1 0.30 7% −9% 2 0.50 11% 14% 3 0.20 −16% 26%

The standard deviations of stocks C and D are _____ and _____, respectively. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 7.62%; 11.24% B) 11.24%; 7.62% C) 10.35%; 12.93% D) 12.93%; 10.35% E) None of the options are correct.

70) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks C and D: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock C D 1 0.30 7% −9% 2 0.50 11% 14% 3 0.20 −16% 26%

The coefficient of correlation between C and D is: Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 0.67. B) 0.50. C) −0.50. D) −0.67. E) None of the options are correct.

71) Consider the following probability distribution for stocks C and D: State Probability Return on Stock Return on Stock C D 1 0.30 7% −9% 2 0.50 11% 14% 3 0.20 −16% 26%

If you invest 25% of your money in C and 75% in D, what would be your portfolio's expected rate of return and standard deviation? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 9.89%; 8.70% B) 9.94%; 11.12% C) 8.23%; 8.70% D) 10.28%; 11.12% E) None of the options are correct.

72) Consider two perfectly negatively correlated risky securities, K and L. K has an expected rate

of return of 13% and a standard deviation of 21%. L has an expected rate of return of 10% and a standard deviation of 15%. The weights of K and L in the global minimum variance portfolio are _____ and _____, respectively. A) 0.2411; 0.7261 B) 0.5000; 0.5000 C) 0.4167; 0.5833 D) 0.4532; 0.5511 E) 0.7665; 0.2488

73) Consider two perfectly negatively correlated risky securities, K and L. K has an expected rate

of return of 12% and a standard deviation of 17%. L has an expected rate of return of 9% and a standard deviation of 11%. The risk-free portfolio that can be formed with the two securities will earn _____ rate of return. A) 9.52% B) 11.39% C) 10.18% D) 9.90% E) None of the options are correct.

74) Security M has expected return of 17% and standard deviation of 28%. Security S has

expected return of 13% and standard deviation of 15%. If the two securities have a correlation coefficient of 0.78, what is their covariance? A) 0.0185 B) 0.0291 C) 0.0328 D) 0.0453 E) 0.0544

75) Security X has expected return of 7% and standard deviation of 14%. Security Y has

expected return of 11% and standard deviation of 22%. If the two securities have a correlation coefficient of 0.45, what is their covariance? A) 0.0388 B) 0.0108 C) 0.0184 D) 0.0139 E) 0.1512

76) Security X has expected return of 9% and standard deviation of 18%. Security Y has

expected return of 12% and standard deviation of 21%. If the two securities have a correlation coefficient of 0.4, what is their covariance? A) 0.0388 B) 0.0706 C) 0.0184 D) 0.0133 E) 0.0151

77) Two securities have a covariance of 0.056. If their respective standard deviations are 23%

and 31%, what is their correlation coefficient? A) 0.32 B) 0.45 C) 0.79 D) 0.82 E) 0.95

78) Two securities have a covariance of 0.016. If their respective standard deviations are 13%

and 22%, what is their correlation coefficient? A) 0.22 B) 0.56 C) 0.59 D) 0.72 E) 1.79

79) Two securities have a covariance of 0.022. If their correlation coefficient is 0.52 and one has

a standard deviation of 15%, what must be the standard deviation of the other security? A) 12% B) 19% C) 22% D) 28% E) 32%

80) A portfolio contains 3 stocks with expected returns of 15%, 18%, and 12%, with

corresponding weights of 25%, 45%, and 30%, respectively. What is the expected return of the portfolio? A) 13.2% B) 14.4% C) 15.5% D) 17.7% E) None of the options are correct.

81) A portfolio contains 3 stocks with expected returns of 12%, 15%, and 9%, with

corresponding weights of 30%, 35%, and 35%, respectively. What is the expected return of the portfolio? A) 12% B) 13% C) 14% D) 15% E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 7 1) B 2) A 3) B 4) D 5) D 6) D 7) D 8) A 9) D 10) C 11) C 12) A 13) D 14) A 15) C 16) B 17) C 18) D 19) B 20) E 21) A 22) C 23) D 24) B 25) A 26) B 27) E 28) D 29) C 30) D 31) C 32) D 33) D 34) A 35) D 36) B 37) B

38) E 39) B 40) D 41) A 42) D 43) B 44) C 45) D 46) D 47) B 48) D 49) B 50) E 51) D 52) D 53) B 54) D 55) E 56) E 57) E 58) A 59) B 60) B 61) C 62) C 63) D 64) B 65) B 66) A 67) D 68) A 69) C 70) C 71) C 72) C 73) C 74) C 75) D 76) E 77) C

78) B 79) D 80) C 81) A

Chapter 8:__________ 1) As diversification increases, the total variance of a portfolio approaches: A) 0. B) 1. C) the variance of the market portfolio. D) infinity. E) None of the options are correct.

2) As diversification increases, the standard deviation of a portfolio approaches: A) 0. B) 1. C) infinity. D) the standard deviation of the market portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

3) As diversification increases, the firm-specific risk of a portfolio approaches: A) 0. B) 1. C) infinity. D) (n − 1) × n. E) n.

4) As diversification increases, the unsystematic risk of a portfolio approaches: A) 1. B) 0. C) infinity. D) (n − 1) × n. E) n.

5) As diversification increases, the unique risk of a portfolio approaches: A) 1. B) 0. C) infinity. D) (n − 1) × n. E) n.

6) The index model was first suggested by: A) graham. B) markowitz. C) miller. D) sharpe. E) malkiel.

7) A single-index model uses _________ as a proxy for the systematic risk factor. A) a market index, such as the S&P 500 B) the current account deficit C) the growth rate in GNP D) the unemployment rate E) None of the options are correct.

8) A single-index model uses _________ as a proxy for the systematic risk factor. A) S&P 500 B) Russell 2000 C) Vanguard Growth Fund D) inflation rates E) None of the options are correct.

9) The index model has been estimated for stocks A and B with the following results:

RA = 0.03 + 0.7RM + eA RB = 0.01 + 0.9RM + eB σM = 0.35 σ(eA) = 0.20 σ(eB) = 0.10. The covariance between the returns on stocks A and B is: A) 0.0384. B) 0.0406. C) 0.1920. D) 0.0772. E) 0.4000.

10) According to the index model, covariances among security pairs are: A) due to the influence of a single common factor represented by the market index

return. B) extremely difficult to calculate. C) related to industry-specific events. D) usually positive. E) due to the influence of a single common factor represented by the market index return and usually positive.

11) The intercept in the regression equations calculated by beta books is equal to: A) α in the CAPM. B) α + rf × (1 + β). C) α + rf × (1 − β). D) 1 − α. E) α − 1.

12) Analysts may use regression analysis to estimate the index model for a stock. When doing so,

the slope of the regression line is an estimate of: A) the α of the asset. B) the β of the asset. C) the σ of the asset. D) the δ of the asset. E) None of the options are correct.

13) Analysts may use regression analysis to estimate the index model for a stock. When doing so,

the intercept of the regression line is an estimate of: A) the α of the asset. B) the β of the asset. C) the σ of the asset. D) the δ of the asset. E) None of the options are correct.

14) In a factor model, the return on a stock in a particular period will be related to: A) firm-specific events. B) macroeconomic events. C) the error term. D) both firm-specific events and macroeconomic events. E) neither firm-specific events nor macroeconomic events.

15) Rosenberg and Guy found that _________ helped to predict a firm's beta. A) the firm's financial characteristics B) the firm's industry group C) firm size D) the firm's financial characteristics and the firm's industry group E) All of the options are correct.

16) If the index model is valid, _________ would be helpful in determining the covariance

between assets GM and GE. A) βGM B) β GE C) σ M D) All of the options E) None of the options are correct.

17) If the index model is valid, _________ would be helpful in determining the covariance

between assets HPQ and KMP. A) β HPQ B) β KMP C) σ M D) All of the options E) None of the options are correct.

18) If the index model is valid, _________ would be helpful in determining the covariance

between assets K and L. A) βk B) βL C) σM D) All of the options E) None of the options are correct.

19) Rosenberg and Guy found that _________ helped to predict firms' betas. A) debt/asset ratios B) market capitalization C) variance of earnings D) All of the options E) None of the options are correct.

20) If a firm's beta was calculated as 0.6 in a regression equation, a commonly-used adjustment

technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) less than 0.6 but greater than zero. B) between 0.6 and 1.0. C) between 1.0 and 1.6. D) greater than 1.6. E) zero or less.

21) If a firm's beta was calculated as 0.8 in a regression equation, a commonly-used adjustment

technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) less than 0.8 but greater than zero. B) between 1.0 and 1.8. C) between 0.8 and 1.0. D) greater than 1.8. E) zero or less.

22) If a firm's beta was calculated as 1.3 in a regression equation, a commonly-used adjustment

technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) less than 1.0 but greater than zero. B) between 0.3 and 0.9. C) between 1.0 and 1.3. D) greater than 1.3. E) zero or less.

23) The beta of Facebook stock has been estimated as 1.8 using regression analysis on a sample

of historical returns. A commonly-used adjustment technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) 1.20. B) 1.32. C) 1.13. D) 1.53. E) None of the options are correct.

24) The beta of Amazon stock has been estimated as 2.6 using regression analysis on a sample of

historical returns. A commonly-used adjustment technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) 2.20. B) 2.07. C) 2.13. D) 1.66. E) None of the options are correct.

25) The beta of Boeing stock has been estimated as 0.72 using regression analysis on a sample of

historical returns. A commonly-used adjustment technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) 1.20. B) 1.14. C) 0.81. D) 0.68. E) None of the options are correct.

26) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 150 stocks in order to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 150 investments. They will need to calculate _________ expected returns and _________ variances of returns. A) 150; 150 B) 150; 22500 C) 22500; 150 D) 22500; 22500 E) None of the options are correct.

27) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 100 stocks in order to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 100 investments. They will need to calculate _________ expected returns and _________ variances of returns. A) 100; 100 B) 100; 4950 C) 4950; 100 D) 4950; 4950 E) None of the options are correct.

28) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 150 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 150 investments. They will need to calculate _________ covariances. A) 12 B) 150 C) 22,500 D) 11,175 E) None of the options are correct.

29) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 125 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 125 investments. They will need to calculate _________ covariances. A) 125 B) 7,750 C) 15,625 D) 11,750 E) None of the options are correct.

30) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 100 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 100 investments. They will need to calculate _________ covariances. A) 45 B) 100 C) 4,950 D) 10,000 E) None of the options are correct.

31) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 175 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 175 investments. They will need to calculate _________ estimates of expected returns and _________ estimates of sensitivity coefficients to the macroeconomic factor. A) 175; 15,225 B) 175; 175 C) 15,225; 175 D) 15,225; 15,225 E) None of the options are correct.

32) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 125 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 125 investments. They will need to calculate _________ estimates of expected returns and _________ estimates of sensitivity coefficients to the macroeconomic factor. A) 125; 15,225 B) 15,625; 125 C) 7,750; 125 D) 125; 125 E) None of the options are correct.

33) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 200 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 200 investments. They will need to calculate ________ estimates of expected returns and ________ estimates of sensitivity coefficients to the macroeconomic factor. A) 200; 19,900 B) 200; 200 C) 19,900; 200 D) 19,900; 19.900 E) None of the above are correct.

34) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 500 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 500 investments. They will need to calculate _________ estimates of firm-specific variances and _________ estimate/estimates for the variance of the macroeconomic factor. A) 500; 1 B) 500; 500 C) 124,750; 1 D) 124,750; 500 E) 250,000; 500

35) Consider the single-index model. The alpha of a stock is 2%. The return on the market index

is 16%. The risk-free rate of return is 5%. The stock earns a return that exceeds the risk-free rate by 11%, and there are no firm-specific events affecting the stock performance. The β of the stock is: A) 0.67. B) 0.75. C) 1.27. D) 1.33. E) 1.50.

36) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.30 and σM was 0.16, the β of the portfolio would be approximately: A) 0.64. B) 1.80. C) 1.88. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

37) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.22 and σM was 0.17, the β of the portfolio would be approximately: A) 1.34. B) 1.29. C) 1.25. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

38) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.18 and σM was 0.22, the β of the portfolio would be approximately: A) 0.82. B) 0.56. C) 0.07. D) 1.03. E) None of the options are correct.

39) Suppose the following equation best describes the evolution of β over time:

βt = 0.36 + 0.85 × βt − 1. If a stock had a β of 0.6 last year, you would forecast the β to be _________ in the coming year. A) 0.45 B) 0.60 C) 0.87 D) 0.75 E) None of the options are correct.

40) Suppose the following equation best describes the evolution of β over time:

βt = 0.49 + 0.77 × βt − 1. If a stock had a β of 0.9 last year, you would forecast the β to be _________ in the coming year. A) 0.88 B) 0.82 C) 0.31 D) 1.18 E) None of the options are correct.

41) Suppose the following equation best describes the evolution of β over time:

βt = 0.15 + 0.72 × βt − 1 If a stock had a β of 1.05 last year, you would forecast the β to be _________ in the coming year. A) 0.91 B) 0.18 C) 0.63 D) 0.81 E) None of the options are correct.

42) An analyst estimates the index model for a stock using regression analysis involving total

returns. The estimated excess return in the regression equation is 6% and the β is 0.5. The excess return on the market is 12%. The stock's alpha is

A) B) C) D)

0%. 3%. 6%. 9%.

43) The index model for stock A has been estimated with the following result:

RA = 0.01 + 0.9RM + eA. If σM = 0.25 and R2A = 0.25, the standard deviation of return of stock A is: A) 0.2025. B) 0.2500. C) 0.4500. D) 0.8100. E) None of the options are correct.

44) The index model for stock B has been estimated with the following result:

RB = 0.01 + 1.1RM + eB. If σM = 0.20 and R2B = 0.50, the standard deviation of the return on stock B is: A) 0.1111. B) 0.2111. C) 0.3111. D) 0.4111. E) None of the options are correct.

45) Suppose you forecast that the market index will earn a return of 12% in the coming year.

Treasury bills are yielding 4%. The unadjusted β of Mobil stock is 1.10. A reasonable forecast of the return on Mobil stock for the coming year is _________ if you use a common method to derive adjusted betas. A) 15.0% B) 14.5% C) 13.0% D) 12.5% E) None of the options are correct.

46) The index model has been estimated for stocks A and B with the following results:

RA = 0.01 + 0.8RM + eA. RB = 0.02 + 1.2RM + eB. σM = 0.30; σ(eA) = 0.20; σ(eB) = 0.10. The covariance between the returns on stocks A and B is: A) 0.0384. B) 0.0864. C) 0.1920. D) 0.0050. E) 0.4000.

47) The index model has been estimated for stocks A and B with the following results:

The standard deviation for stock A is: A) 0.0656. B) 0.0676. C) 0.2691. D) 0.2600. E) None of the options are correct.

48) The index model has been estimated for stock A with the following results:

RA = 0.01 + 1.2RM + eA. σM = 0.15; σ(eA) = 0.10. The standard deviation of the return for stock A is: A) 0.0356. B) 0.1862. C) 0.1600. D) 0.6400. E) None of the options are correct.

49) Security returns: A) are based on both macro events and firm-specific events. B) are based on firm-specific events only. C) are usually positively correlated with each other. D) are based on firm-specific events only and are usually positively correlated with each

other. E) are based on both macro events and firm-specific events and are usually positively correlated with each other.

50) The single-index model: A) greatly reduces the number of required calculations relative to those required by the

Markowitz model. B) enhances the understanding of systematic versus nonsystematic risk. C) greatly increases the number of required calculations relative to those required by the Markowitz model. D) greatly reduces the number of required calculations relative to those required by the Markowitz model and enhances the understanding of systematic versus nonsystematic risk are correct. E) enhances the understanding of systematic versus nonsystematic risk and greatly increases the number of required calculations relative to those required by the Markowitz model are correct.

51) The security characteristic line (SCL): A) plots the excess return on a security as a function of the excess return on the market. B) allows one to estimate the beta of the security. C) allows one to estimate the alpha of the security. D) All of the options. E) None of the options are correct.

52) The expected impact of unanticipated macroeconomic events on a security's return during

the period is: A) included in the security's expected return. B) zero. C) equal to the risk-free rate. D) proportional to the firm's beta. E) infinite.

53) Covariances between security returns tend to be: A) positive because of SEC regulations. B) positive because of Exchange regulations. C) positive because of economic forces that affect many firms. D) negative because of SEC regulations. E) negative because of economic forces that affect many firms.

54) In the single-index model represented by the equation ri = E(ri) + βiF + ei, the term ei

represents: A) the impact of unanticipated macroeconomic events on security i's return. B) the impact of unanticipated firm-specific events on security i's return. C) the impact of anticipated macroeconomic events on security i's return. D) the impact of anticipated firm-specific events on security i's return. E) the impact of changes in the market on security i's return.

55) Suppose you are doing a portfolio analysis that includes all of the stocks on the NYSE. Using

a single-index model rather than the Markowitz model: A) increases the number of inputs needed from about 1,400 to more than 1.4 million. B) increases the number of inputs needed from about 10,000 to more than 125,000. C) reduces the number of inputs needed from more than 125,000 to about 10,000. D) reduces the number of inputs needed from more than 5 million to about 10,000. E) increases the number of inputs needed from about 150 to more than 1,500.

56) One "cost" of the single-index model is that it: A) is virtually impossible to apply. B) prohibits specialization of efforts within the security analysis industry. C) requires forecasts of the money supply. D) is legally prohibited by the SEC. E) allows for only two kinds of risk—macro risk and micro risk.

57) The security characteristic line (SCL) associated with the single-index model is a plot of: A) the security's returns on the vertical axis and the market index's returns on the

horizontal axis. B) the market index's returns on the vertical axis and the security's returns on the horizontal axis. C) the security's excess returns on the vertical axis and the market index's excess returns on the horizontal axis. D) the market index's excess returns on the vertical axis and the security's excess returns on the horizontal axis. E) the security's returns on the vertical axis and Beta on the horizontal axis.

58) The idea that there is a limit to the reduction of portfolio risk due to diversification is: A) contradicted by both the CAPM and the single-index model. B) contradicted by the CAPM. C) contradicted by the single-index model. D) supported in theory, but not supported empirically. E) supported both in theory and by empirical evidence.

59) In their study about predicting beta coefficients, which of the following did Rosenberg and

Guy find to be factors that influence beta? 1. Industry group 2. Variance of cash flow 3. Dividend yield 4. Growth in earnings per share A) I and II B) I and III C) I, II, and III D) I, II, and IV E) I, II, III, and IV

60) If a firm's beta was calculated as 1.6 in a regression equation, a commonly-used adjustment

technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) less than 0.6 but greater than zero. B) between 0.6 and 1.0. C) between 1.0 and 1.6. D) greater than 1.6. E) zero or less.

61) The beta of a stock has been estimated as 1.8 using regression analysis on a sample of

historical returns. A commonly-used adjustment technique would provide an adjusted beta of A) 1.80. B) 1.53. C) 0.50. D) 1.00. E) None of the options are correct.

62) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 40 stocks in order to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 40 investments. They will need to calculate _________ expected returns and _________ variances of returns. A) 100; 100 B) 40; 40 C) 4950; 100 D) 4950; 4950 E) None of the options are correct.

63) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 40 stocks in order to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 40 investments. They will need to calculate _________ covariances. A) 45 B) 780 C) 4,950 D) 10,000 E) None of the options are correct.

64) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 60 stocks in order to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 60 investments. They will need to calculate _________ estimates of expected returns and _________ estimates of sensitivity coefficients to the macroeconomic factor. A) 200; 19,900 B) 200; 200 C) 60; 60 D) 19,900; 19.900 E) None of the options are correct.

65) Consider the single-index model. The alpha of a stock is 0%. The return on the market index

is 10%. The risk-free rate of return is 3%. The stock earns a return that exceeds the risk-free rate by 11%, and there are no firm-specific events affecting the stock performance. The β of the stock is: A) 1.57. B) 0.75. C) 1.17. D) 1.33. E) 1.50.

66) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.25 and σM was 0.21, the β of the portfolio would be approximately _________. A) 0.64 B) 1.19 C) 1.25 D) 1.56 E) None of the options are correct.

67) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.18 and σM was 0.22, the β of the portfolio would be approximately: A) 0.64. B) 1.19. C) 0.82. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

68) Suppose the following equation best describes the evolution of β over time:

βt = 0.40 + 0.60 × βt − 1 If a stock had a β of 0.9 last year, you would forecast the β to be _________ in the coming year. A) 0.45 B) 0.60 C) 0.70 D) 0.94 E) None of the options are correct.

69) Suppose the following equation best describes the evolution of β over time:

βt = 0.30 + 0.20 × βt − 1 If a stock had a β of 0.8 last year, you would forecast the β to be _________ in the coming year. A) 0.46 B) 0.60 C) 0.70 D) 0.94 E) None of the options are correct.

70) The index model for stock A has been estimated with the following result:

RA = 0.01 + 0.94RM + eA If σM = 0.30 and R2A = 0.28, the standard deviation of return of stock A is: A) 0.2025. B) 0.2500. C) 0.4500. D) 0.5329. E) None of the options are correct.

71) Suppose you forecast that the market index will earn a return of 12% in the coming year.

Treasury bills are yielding 4%. The unadjusted β of Mobil stock is 1.50. A reasonable forecast of the return on Mobil stock for the coming year is _________ if you use a common method to derive adjusted betas. Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 15.0% B) 15.5% C) 16.0% D) 14.7% E) None of the options are correct.

72) The index model has been estimated for stocks A and B with the following results:

RA = 0.01 + 0.8RM + eA. RB = 0.02 + 1.1RM + eB. σM = 0.30; σ(eA) = 0.20; σ(eB) = 0.10. The covariance between the returns on stocks A and B is: A) 0.0384. B) 0.0406. C) 0.1920. D) 0.0050. E) 0.0792.

73) If a firm's beta was calculated as 1.35 in a regression equation, a commonly-used adjustment

technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) equal to 1.35. B) between 0.0 and 1.0. C) between 1.0 and 1.35. D) greater than 1.35. E) zero or less.

74) The beta of a stock has been estimated as 1.4 using regression analysis on a sample of

historical returns. A commonly-used adjustment technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) 1.27. B) 1.32. C) 1.13. D) 1.00. E) None of the options are correct.

75) The beta of a stock has been estimated as 0.85 using regression analysis on a sample of

historical returns. A commonly-used adjustment technique would provide an adjusted beta of: A) 1.01. B) 0.95. C) 1.13. D) 0.90. E) None of the options are correct.

76) Assume that stock market returns follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 125 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 125 investments. They will need to calculate _________ expected returns and _________ variances of returns. A) 125; 125 B) 125; 15,625 C) 15,625; 125 D) 15,625; 15,625 E) None of the options are correct.

77) Assume that stock market returns do not resemble a single-index structure. An investment

fund analyzes 132 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 132 investments. They will need to calculate _________ covariances. A) 100 B) 132 C) 4,950 D) 8,646 E) None of the options are correct.

78) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 217 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 217 investments. They will need to calculate _________ estimates of expected returns and _________ estimates of sensitivity coefficients to the macroeconomic factor. A) 217; 47,089 B) 217; 217 C) 47,089; 217 D) 47,089; 47,089 E) None of the options are correct.

79) Assume that stock market returns do follow a single-index structure. An investment fund

analyzes 750 stocks to construct a mean-variance efficient portfolio constrained by 750 investments. They will need to calculate _________ estimates of firm-specific variances and _________ estimate/estimate(s) for the variance of the macroeconomic factor. A) 750; 1 B) 750; 750 C) 124,750; 1 D) 124,750; 750 E) 562,500; 750

80) Consider the single-index model. The alpha of a stock is 0%. The return on the market index

is 10%. The risk-free rate of return is 5%. The stock earns a return that exceeds the risk-free rate by 5%, and there are no firm-specific events affecting the stock performance. The β of the stock is: A) 0.67. B) 0.75. C) 1.00. D) 1.33. E) 1.50.

81) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.24 and σM was 0.18, the β of the portfolio would be approximately: A) 0.64. B) 1.33. C) 1.25. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

82) Suppose you held a well-diversified portfolio with a very large number of securities, and that

the single index model holds. If the σ of your portfolio was 0.14 and σM was 0.19, the β of the portfolio would be approximately: A) 0.74. B) 0.80. C) 1.25. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

83) Suppose the following equation best describes the evolution of β over time:

βt = 0.30 + 0.70 × βt − 1 If a stock had a β of 0.82 last year, you would forecast the β to be _________ in the coming year. A) 0.91 B) 0.77 C) 0.63 D) 0.87 E) None of the options are correct.

84) KMW Incorporated has an estimated beta of 1.45. Given a forecasted market return of 12%

and a T-bill rate 3%, using the index model and the adjusted beta, what is the forecasted return? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 14.7% B) 15.2% C) 16.2% D) 17.8% E) None of the options are correct.

85) HAW Incorporated has an estimated beta of 0.87. Given a forecasted market return of 9%

and a T-bill rate 3%, using the index model and the adjusted beta, what is the forecasted return? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 11.7% B) 10.2% C) 8.5% D) 7.8% E) None of the options are correct.

86) VM Incorporated has an estimated beta of 1.08. Given a forecasted market return of 10% and

a T-bill rate 2%, using the index model and the adjusted beta, what is the forecasted return? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 12.75% B) 10.40% C) 9.54% D) 7.88% E) None of the options are correct.

87) Using the single index model, what is the alpha of a stock with beta of 1.2, a market return of

14%, risk free rate of 3% and the actual return of the stock is 18%? A) −1.37% B) 0.75% C) 1.80% D) 2.11% E) −3.12%

88) Using the single index model, what is the alpha of a stock with beta of 1.3, a market return of

14%, risk free rate of 4% and the actual return of the stock is 14%? A) −1.37% B) 0.75% C) 1.80% D) 2.11% E) −3.00%

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 8 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) B 5) B 6) D 7) A 8) A 9) D 10) E 11) C 12) B 13) A 14) D 15) E 16) D 17) D 18) D 19) D 20) B 21) C 22) C 23) D 24) B 25) C 26) A 27) A 28) D 29) B 30) C 31) B 32) D 33) B 34) A 35) C 36) C 37) B

38) A 39) C 40) D 41) A 42) A 43) C 44) C 45) D 46) B 47) C 48) E 49) E 50) D 51) D 52) B 53) C 54) B 55) D 56) E 57) C 58) E 59) E 60) C 61) B 62) B 63) B 64) C 65) A 66) B 67) C 68) D 69) A 70) D 71) D 72) E 73) C 74) A 75) D 76) A 77) D

78) B 79) A 80) C 81) B 82) A 83) D 84) A 85) C 86) B 87) C 88) E

Chapter 9:__________ 1) In the context of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the relevant measure of risk is: A) unique risk. B) beta. C) standard deviation of returns. D) variance of returns. E) alpha.

2) In the context of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the relevant risk is: A) unique risk. B) systematic risk. C) standard deviation of returns. D) variance of returns. E) alpha.

3) In the context of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the relevant risk is: A) unique risk. B) market risk. C) standard deviation of returns. D) variance of returns. E) alpha.

4) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), a well-diversified portfolio's rate of

return is a function of: A) market risk. B) unsystematic risk. C) unique risk. D) reinvestment risk. E) None of the options are correct.

5) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), a well-diversified portfolio's rate of

return is a function of: A) beta risk. B) unsystematic risk. C) unique risk. D) reinvestment risk. E) None of the options are correct.

6) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), a well-diversified portfolio's rate of

return is a function of: A) systematic risk. B) unsystematic risk. C) unique risk. D) reinvestment risk. E) None of the options are correct.

7) The market portfolio has a beta of: A) 0. B) 1. C) −1. D) 0.5. E) None of the options are correct.

8) The risk-free rate and the expected market rate of return are 0.04 and 0.12, respectively.

According to the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), the expected rate of return on security X with a beta of 1.4 is equal to: A) 6.2%. B) 14.4%. C) 12.3%. D) 15.2%. E) 18.5%.

9) The risk-free rate and the expected market rate of return are 0.05 and 0.13, respectively.

According to the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), the expected rate of return on a security with a beta of 1.1 is equal to: A) 13.8%. B) 14.4%. C) 15.3%. D) 13.4%. E) 11.7%.

10) Which statement is not true regarding the market portfolio? A) It includes all publicly-traded financial assets. B) It lies on the efficient frontier. C) All securities in the market portfolio are held in proportion to their market values. D) It is the tangency point between the capital market line and the indifference curve. E) All of the options are true.

11) Which statement is(are) true regarding the market portfolio? 1. It includes all publicly traded financial assets. 2. It lies on the efficient frontier. 3. All securities in the market portfolio are held in proportion to their market values. 4. It is the tangency point between the capital market line and the indifference curve. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) IV only E) I, II, and III

12) Which statement is not true regarding the capital market line (CML)? A) The CML is the line from the risk-free rate through the market portfolio. B) The CML is the best attainable capital allocation line. C) The CML is also called the security market line. D) The CML always has a positive slope. E) The risk measure for the CML is standard deviation.

13) Which statement is(are) true regarding the capital market line (CML)? 1. The CML is the line from the risk-free rate through the market portfolio. 2. The CML is the best attainable capital allocation line. 3. The CML is also called the security market line. 4. The CML always has a positive slope. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) IV only E) I, II, and IV

14) The market risk, beta, of a security is equal to: A) the covariance between the security's return and the market return divided by the

variance of the market's returns. B) the covariance between the security and market returns divided by the standard deviation of the market's returns. C) the variance of the security's returns divided by the covariance between the security and market returns. D) the variance of the security's returns divided by the variance of the market's returns.

15) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the expected rate of return on any

security is equal to: A) rf + [ E(rM)]. B) <p style="font-family: monospace;"> <em> C) [E(r M) − rf].

.</em></p>

D) E(rM) + rf. E) None of the options are correct.

16) The security market line (SML) is: A) the line that describes the expected return-beta relationship for well-diversified

portfolios only. B) also called the capital allocation line. C) the line that is tangent to the efficient frontier of all risky assets. D) the line that represents the expected return-beta relationship. E) All of the options are correct.

17) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), fairly-priced securities have: A) positive betas. B) zero alphas. C) negative betas. D) positive alphas. E) zero betas.

18) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), underpriced securities have: A) positive betas. B) zero alphas. C) negative betas. D) positive alphas. E) None of the options are correct.

19) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), overpriced securities have: A) positive betas. B) zero alphas. C) negative alphas. D) positive alphas. E) None of the options are correct.

20) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), a security with a: A) positive alpha is overpriced. B) zero alpha is a good buy. C) negative alpha is a good buy. D) positive alpha is underpriced. E) None of the options are correct.

21) According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which one of the following

statements is false? A) The expected rate of return on a security increases in direct proportion to a decrease in the risk-free rate. B) The expected rate of return on a security increases as its beta increases. C) A fairly-priced security has an alpha of zero. D) In equilibrium, all securities lie on the security market line. E) All of the statements are true.

22) In a well-diversified portfolio, A) market risk is negligible. B) systematic risk is negligible. C) unsystematic risk is negligible. D) nondiversifiable risk is negligible. E) None of the options are correct.

23) Empirical results regarding betas estimated from historical data indicate that betas: A) are constant over time. B) are always greater than one. C) are always near zero. D) appear to regress toward one over time. E) are always positive.

24) Your personal opinion is that a security has an expected rate of return of 0.11. It has a beta of

1.5. The risk-free rate is 0.05 and the market expected rate of return is 0.09. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, this security is: A) underpriced. B) overpriced. C) fairly priced. D) Cannot be determined from data provided. E) None of the options are correct.

25) The risk-free rate is 7%. The expected market rate of return is 15%. If you expect a stock

with a beta of 1.3 to offer a rate of return of 12%, you should: A) buy the stock because it is overpriced. B) sell short the stock because it is overpriced. C) sell the stock short because it is underpriced. D) buy the stock because it is underpriced. E) None of the options, as the stock is fairly priced.

26) You invest $700 in a security with a beta of 1.4 and $300 in another security with a beta of

0.8. The beta of the resulting portfolio is: A) 1.40. B) 1.00. C) 0.36. D) 1.22. E) 0.80.

27) A security has an expected rate of return of 0.12 and a beta of 1.1. The market expected rate

of return is 0.09, and the risk-free rate is 0.04. The alpha of the stock is: A) 9.7%. B) 7.7%. C) 5.3%. D) 2.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

28) Your opinion is that CSCO has an expected rate of return of 0.13. It has a beta of 1.3. The

risk-free rate is 0.04 and the market expected rate of return is 0.115. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, this security is: A) underpriced. B) overpriced. C) fairly priced. D) Cannot be determined from data provided. E) None of the options are correct.

29) Your opinion is that CSCO has an expected rate of return of 0.1375. It has a beta of 1.3. The

30) Your opinion is that CSCO has an expected rate of return of 0.15. It has a beta of 1.3. The

31) Your opinion is that Boeing has an expected rate of return of 0.112. It has a beta of 0.92. The

risk-free rate is 0.04 and the market expected rate of return is 0.10. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, this security is: A) underpriced. B) overpriced. C) fairly priced. D) Cannot be determined from data provided. E) None of the options are correct.

32) Your opinion is that Boeing has an expected rate of return of 0.0952. It has a beta of 0.92.

The risk-free rate is 0.04 and the market expected rate of return is 0.10. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, this security is: A) underpriced. B) overpriced. C) fairly priced. D) Cannot be determined from data provided. E) None of the options are correct.

33) Your opinion is that Boeing has an expected rate of return of 0.08. It has a beta of 0.92. The

34) As a financial analyst, you are tasked with evaluating a capital-budgeting project. You were

instructed to use the IRR method, and you need to determine an appropriate hurdle rate. The risk-free rate is 3%, and the expected market rate of return is 11%. Your company has a beta of 1.3, and the project that you are evaluating is considered to have risk equal to the average project that the company has accepted in the past. According to CAPM, the appropriate hurdle rate would be: A) 4.2%. B) 7.6%. C) 12.4%. D) 13.4%. E) 15.0%.

35) As a financial analyst, you are tasked with evaluating a capital-budgeting project. You were

instructed to use the IRR method, and you need to determine an appropriate hurdle rate. The risk-free rate is 4%, and the expected market rate of return is 12%. Your company has a beta of 1.6, and the project that you are evaluating is considered to have risk equal to the average project that the company has accepted in the past. According to CAPM, the appropriate hurdle rate would be: A) 16.8%. B) 12.7%. C) 11.5%. D) 8.4%. E) 5.4%.

36) As a financial analyst, you are tasked with evaluating a capital-budgeting project. You were

instructed to use the IRR method, and you need to determine an appropriate hurdle rate. The risk-free rate is 4%, and the expected market rate of return is 11%. Your company has a beta of 0.75, and the project that you are evaluating is considered to have risk equal to the average project that the company has accepted in the past. According to CAPM, the appropriate hurdle rate would be: A) 4%. B) 9.25%. C) 15%. D) 11%. E) 0.75%.

37) As a financial analyst, you are tasked with evaluating a capital-budgeting project. You were

instructed to use the IRR method, and you need to determine an appropriate hurdle rate. The risk-free rate is 4%, and the expected market rate of return is 11%. Your company has a beta of 0.67, and the project that you are evaluating is considered to have risk equal to the average project that the company has accepted in the past. According to CAPM, the appropriate hurdle rate would be: A) 4%. B) 8.69%. C) 15%. D) 11%. E) 0.75%.

38) As a financial analyst, you are tasked with evaluating a capital-budgeting project. You were

instructed to use the IRR method, and you need to determine an appropriate hurdle rate. The risk-free rate is 5%, and the expected market rate of return is 10%. Your company has a beta of 0.67, and the project that you are evaluating is considered to have risk equal to the average project that the company has accepted in the past. According to CAPM, the appropriate hurdle rate would be: A) 10%. B) 5%. C) 8.35%. D) 28.35%. E) 0.67%.

39) The risk-free rate is 4%. The expected market rate of return is 11%. If you expect CAT with

a beta of 1.0 to offer a rate of return of 10%, you should: A) buy CAT because it is overpriced. B) sell short CAT because it is overpriced. C) sell short CAT because it is underpriced. D) buy CAT because it is underpriced. E) None of the options, as CAT is fairly priced.

40) The risk-free rate is 4%. The expected market rate of return is 11%. If you expect CAT with

a beta of 1.0 to offer a rate of return of 11%, you should: A) buy CAT because it is overpriced. B) sell short CAT because it is overpriced. C) sell short CAT because it is underpriced. D) buy CAT because it is underpriced. E) None of the options, as CAT is fairly priced.

41) The risk-free rate is 4%. The expected market rate of return is 11%. If you expect CAT with

a beta of 1.0 to offer a rate of return of 13%, you should: A) buy CAT because it is overpriced. B) sell short CAT because it is overpriced. C) sell short CAT because it is underpriced. D) buy CAT because it is underpriced. E) None of the options, as CAT is fairly priced.

42) You invest 55% of your money in security A with a beta of 1.4 and the rest of your money in

security B with a beta of 0.9. The beta of the resulting portfolio is: A) 1.466. B) 1.157. C) 0.968. D) 1.082. E) 1.175.

43) Given are the following two stocks A and B: Security Expected Rate of return A 0.12 B 0.14

Beta 1.2 1.8

If you believe the expected market rate of return is 0.09, and the risk-free rate is 0.05, which security would be considered the better buy, and why? A) A because it offers an expected abnormal return of 1.2%. B) B because it offers an expected abnormal return of 1.8%. C) A because it offers an expected abnormal return of 2.2%. D) B because it offers an expected return of 14%. E) B because it has a higher beta.

44) Capital asset pricing theory asserts that portfolio returns are best explained by: A) reinvestment risk. B) specific risk. C) systematic risk. D) diversification. E) None of the options are correct.

45) According to the CAPM, the risk premium an investor expects to receive on any stock or

portfolio increases: A) directly with alpha. B) inversely with alpha. C) directly with beta. D) inversely with beta. E) in proportion to its standard deviation.

46) What is the expected return of a zero-beta security? A) The market rate of return B) Zero rate of return C) A negative rate of return D) The risk-free rate E) None of the options are correct.

47) Standard deviation and beta both measure risk, but they are different in that beta measures: A) both systematic and unsystematic risk. B) only systematic risk, while standard deviation is a measure of total risk. C) only unsystematic risk, while standard deviation is a measure of total risk. D) both systematic and unsystematic risk, while standard deviation measures only

systematic risk. E) total risk, while standard deviation measures only nonsystematic risk.

48) The expected return-beta relationship: A) is the most familiar expression of the CAPM to practitioners. B) refers to the way in which the covariance between the returns on a stock and returns

on the market measures the contribution of the stock to the variance of the market portfolio, which is beta. C) assumes that investors hold well-diversified portfolios. D) All of the options are true. E) None of the options are true.

49) The security market line (SML): A) can be portrayed graphically as the expected return-beta relationship. B) can be portrayed graphically as the expected return-standard deviation of market-

returns relationship. C) provides a benchmark for evaluation of investment performance. D) can be portrayed graphically as the expected return-beta relationship and provides a benchmark for evaluation of investment performance. E) can be portrayed graphically as the expected return-standard deviation of marketreturns relationship and provides a benchmark for evaluation of investment performance.

50) Studies of liquidity spreads in security markets have shown that: A) liquid stocks earn higher returns than illiquid stocks. B) illiquid stocks earn higher returns than liquid stocks. C) both liquid and illiquid stocks earn the same returns. D) illiquid stocks are good investments for frequent, short-term traders. E) None of the options are correct.

51) An underpriced security will plot: A) on the security market line. B) below the security market line. C) above the security market line. D) either above or below the security market line depending on its covariance with the

market. E) either above or below the security-market line depending on its standard deviation.

52) An overpriced security will plot: A) on the security market line. B) below the security market line. C) above the security market line. D) either above or below the security market line depending on its covariance with the

market. E) either above or below the security-market line depending on its standard deviation.

53) The risk premium on the market portfolio will be proportional to: A) the average degree of risk aversion of the investor population. B) the risk of the market portfolio as measured by its variance. C) the risk of the market portfolio as measured by its beta. D) the average degree of risk aversion of the investor population and the risk of the

market portfolio as measured by its variance. E) the average degree of risk aversion of the investor population and the risk of the market portfolio as measured by its beta.

54) In equilibrium, the marginal price of risk for a risky security must be: A) equal to the marginal price of risk for the market portfolio. B) greater than the marginal price of risk for the market portfolio. C) less than the marginal price of risk for the market portfolio. D) adjusted by its degree of nonsystematic risk. E) None of the options are true.

55) The capital asset pricing model assumes: A) all investors are price takers, only. B) all investors have the same holding period, only. C) investors pay taxes on capital gains, only. D) all investors are price takers and have the same holding period, only. E) all investors are price takers, have the same holding period, and pay taxes on capital

gains.

56) The capital asset pricing model assumes: A) all investors are price takers, only. B) all investors have the same holding period, only. C) investors have homogeneous expectations, only. D) all investors are price takers and have the same holding period, only. E) all investors are price takers, have the same holding period, and have homogeneous

expectations.

57) The capital asset pricing model assumes: A) all investors are rational, only. B) all investors have the same holding period, only. C) investors have heterogeneous expectations, only. D) all investors are rational and have the same holding period, only. E) all investors are rational, have the same holding period, and have heterogeneous

expectations.

58) The capital asset pricing model assumes: A) all investors are fully informed, only. B) all investors are rational, only. C) all investors are mean-variance optimizers, only. D) taxes are an important consideration, only. E) all investors are fully informed, are rational, and are mean-variance optimizers.

59) If investors do not know their investment horizons for certain, A) the CAPM is no longer valid. B) the CAPM underlying assumptions are never violated. C) the implications of the CAPM are not violated as long as investors' liquidity needs are

not priced. D) the implications of the CAPM are no longer useful. E) None of the options are correct.

60) Assume that a security is fairly priced and has an expected rate of return of 0.17. The market

expected rate of return is 0.11, and the risk-free rate is 0.04. The beta of the stock is: A) 1.25. B) 1.86. C) 1.53 D) 0.95. E) None of the options are correct.

61) The amount that an investor allocates to the market portfolio is negatively related to: 1. the expected return on the market portfolio. 2. the investor's risk aversion coefficient. 3. the risk-free rate of return. 4. the variance of the market portfolio. A) I and II. B) II and III. C) II and IV. D) II, III, and IV. E) I, III, and IV.

62) One of the assumptions of the CAPM is that investors exhibit myopic behavior. What does

this mean? A) They plan for one identical holding period. B) They are price takers who can't affect market prices through their trades. C) They are mean-variance optimizers. D) They have the same economic view of the world. E) They pay no taxes or transactions costs.

63) The CAPM applies to: A) portfolios of securities only. B) individual securities only. C) efficient portfolios of securities only. D) efficient portfolios and efficient individual securities only. E) all portfolios and individual securities.

64) Which of the following statements about the mutual-fund theorem are true? 1. It is similar to the separation property. 2. It implies that a passive investment strategy can be efficient. 3. It implies that efficient portfolios can be formed only through active strategies. 4. It means that professional managers have superior security-selection strategies. A) I and IV B) I, II, and IV C) I and II D) III and IV E) II and IV

65) The expected return-beta relationship of the CAPM is graphically represented by: A) the security-market line. B) the capital-market line. C) the capital-allocation line. D) the efficient frontier with a risk-free asset. E) the efficient frontier without a risk-free asset.

66) A "fairly-priced" asset lies: A) above the security-market line. B) on the security-market line. C) on the capital-market line. D) above the capital-market line. E) below the security-market line.

67) For the CAPM that examines illiquidity premiums, if there is correlation among assets due to

common systematic risk factors, the illiquidity premium on asset i is a function of: A) the market's volatility. B) asset i's volatility. C) the trading costs of security i. D) the risk-free rate. E) the money supply.

68) Your opinion is that security A has an expected rate of return of 0.145. It has a beta of 1.5.

The risk-free rate is 0.04, and the market expected rate of return is 0.11. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, this security is: A) underpriced. B) overpriced. C) fairly priced. D) Cannot be determined from data provided. E) risk free.

69) Your opinion is that security C has an expected rate of return of 0.106. It has a beta of 1.1.

The risk-free rate is 0.04, and the market expected rate of return is 0.10. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model, this security is: A) underpriced. B) overpriced. C) fairly priced. D) Cannot be determined from data provided. E) None of the options are correct.

70) The risk-free rate is 4%. The expected market rate of return is 12%. If you expect stock X

with a beta of 1.0 to offer a rate of return of 10%, you should: A) buy stock X because it is overpriced. B) sell short stock X because it is overpriced. C) sell short stock X because it is underpriced. D) buy stock X because it is underpriced. E) None of the options, as the stock is fairly priced.

71) The risk-free rate is 5%. The expected market rate of return is 11%. If you expect stock X

with a beta of 2.1 to offer a rate of return of 15%, you should: A) buy stock X because it is overpriced. B) sell short stock X because it is overpriced. C) sell short stock X because it is underpriced. D) buy stock X because it is underpriced. E) None of the options, as the stock is fairly priced.

72) You invest 50% of your money in security A with a beta of 1.6 and the rest of your money in

security B with a beta of 0.7. The beta of the resulting portfolio is: A) 1.40. B) 1.15. C) 0.36. D) 1.08. E) 0.80.

73) You invest $200 in security A with a beta of 1.4 and $800 in security B with a beta of 0.3.

The beta of the resulting portfolio is: A) 1.40. B) 1.00. C) 0.52. D) 1.08. E) 0.80.

74) Security A has an expected rate of return of 0.10 and a beta of 1.3. The market expected rate

of return is 0.10, and the risk-free rate is 0.04. The alpha of the stock is: A) 1.7%. B) −1.8%. C) 8.3%. D) 5.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

75) A security has an expected rate of return of 0.15 and a beta of 1.25. The market expected rate

of return is 0.10, and the risk-free rate is 0.04. The alpha of the stock is: A) 1.7%. B) −1.7%. C) 8.3%. D) 3.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

76) A security has an expected rate of return of 0.13 and a beta of 2.1. The market expected rate

of return is 0.09, and the risk-free rate is 0.045. The alpha of the stock is: A) −0.95%. B) −1.7%. C) 8.3%. D) 5.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

77) Assume that a security is fairly priced and has an expected rate of return of 0.13. The market

expected rate of return is 0.13, and the risk-free rate is 0.04. The beta of the stock is: A) 1.25. B) 1.75. C) 1.00. D) 0.95. E) None of the options are correct.

78) A stock generates a perpetual cash flow of $5 per share, per year. The market index has an

expected return of 11% and the risk-free rate is 3%. If the stock’s listed beta is 0.8 and I believe the true beta is 0.5, how much of a premium will I pay for the stock? A) $16.58 B) $18.24 C) $53.19 D) $71.43 E) None of the options are correct.

79) A stock generates a perpetual cash flow of $7 per share, per year. The market index has an

expected return of 12% and the risk-free rate is 5%. If the stock’s listed beta is 1.0 and I believe the true beta is 0.75, how much of a premium will I pay for the stock? A) $9.96 B) $10.25 C) $33.29 D) $41.43 E) None of the options are correct.

80) A stock generates a perpetual cash flow of $6 per share, per year. The market index has an

expected return of 10% and the risk-free rate is 4%. If the stock’s listed beta is 1.0 and I believe the true beta is 1.2, how much is the stock overpriced? A) $3.57 B) $6.43 C) $33.20 D) $44.12 E) None of the options are correct.

81) A stock generates a perpetual cash flow of $8 per share, per year. The market index has an

expected return of 14% and the risk-free rate is 3%. If the stock’s listed beta is 1.0 and I believe the true beta is 1.3, how much is the stock overpriced? A) $33.42 B) $25.78 C) $18.20 D) $10.90 E) None of the options are correct.

82) The market is expected to generate a 12% return and the risk-free rate is 4%. A portfolio

manager has 70% of her capital allocated to stock A with a beta of 0.8, which generated a total return of 11%. 30% of her capital is allocated to stock B with a beta of 1.1, which generated a total return of 12%. What alpha was generated by the manager by allocating more capital to stock A? A) 0.11% B) 0.18% C) 0.25% D) 0.38% E) None of the options are correct.

83) The market is expected to generate a 11% return and the risk-free rate is 4%. A portfolio

manager has 80% of his capital allocated to stock A with a beta of 0.9, which generated a total return of 12%. 20% of his capital is allocated to stock B with a beta of 1.3, which generated a total return of 13%. What alpha was generated by the manager by allocating more capital to stock A? A) 0.85% B) 1.18% C) 1.34% D) 1.59% E) None of the options are correct.

84) The market is expected to generate a 11% return and the risk-free rate is 4%. A portfolio

manager has 80% of his capital allocated to stock A with a beta of 0.9, which generated a total return of 12%. 20% of his capital is allocated to stock B with a beta of 1.3, which generated a total return of 13%. What concept is demonstrated to explain the alpha being generated by the manager? A) Capital allocation B) Stock picking C) Technical analysis D) Fundamental analysis E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 9 1) B 2) B 3) B 4) A 5) A 6) A 7) B 8) D 9) A 10) D 11) E 12) C 13) E 14) A 15) B 16) D 17) B 18) D 19) C 20) D 21) A 22) C 23) D 24) C 25) B 26) D 27) D 28) B 29) C 30) A 31) A 32) C 33) B 34) D 35) A 36) B 37) B

38) C 39) B 40) E 41) D 42) E 43) C 44) C 45) C 46) D 47) B 48) D 49) D 50) B 51) C 52) B 53) D 54) A 55) D 56) E 57) D 58) E 59) C 60) B 61) D 62) A 63) E 64) C 65) A 66) B 67) C 68) C 69) C 70) B 71) B 72) B 73) C 74) B 75) D 76) A 77) C

78) B 79) A 80) B 81) D 82) B 83) C 84) A

Chapter 10:__________ 1) _________ a relationship between expected return and risk. A) APT only stipulates B) CAPM only stipulates C) Both CAPM and APT stipulate D) Neither CAPM nor APT stipulate E) No pricing model has been found.

2) Consider the multifactor APT with two factors. Stock A has an expected return of 17.6%, a

beta of 1.75 on factor 1, and a beta of 0.86 on factor 2. The risk premium on the factor 1 portfolio is 3.2%. The risk-free rate of return is 5%. What is the risk-premium on factor 2 if no arbitrage opportunities exist? A) 8.14% B) 3.61% C) 4.25% D) 7.75% E) None of the options are correct.

3) In a multifactor APT model, the coefficients on the macro factors are often called: A) systematic risk. B) factor sensitivities and insensitivities. C) idiosyncratic or diversifiable risk. D) factor alphas or betas. E) factor sensitivities or factor betas.

4) In a multifactor APT model, the coefficients on the macro factors are often called: A) systematic risk. B) firm-specific risk. C) idiosyncratic risk. D) factor betas.

5) In a multifactor APT model, the coefficients on the macro factors are often called: A) systematic risk. B) firm-specific risk. C) idiosyncratic risk. D) factor loadings. E) None of the options are correct.

6) Which pricing model provides no guidance concerning the determination of the risk premium

on factor portfolios? A) The CAPM B) The multifactor APT C) Both the CAPM and the multifactor APT D) Neither the CAPM nor the multifactor APT E) None of the options are correct.

7) An arbitrage opportunity exists if an investor can construct a _________ investment portfolio

that will yield a sure profit. A) positive B) negative C) zero D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

8) The APT was developed in 1976 by: A) Lintner. B) Modigliani and Miller. C) Ross. D) Sharpe. E) Markowitz.

9) A _________ portfolio is a well-diversified portfolio constructed to have a beta of 1 on one

of the factors and a beta of 0 on any other factor. A) factor B) market C) index D) factor and market E) factor, market, and index

10) The exploitation of security mispricing in such a way that risk-free economic profits may be

earned is called: A) arbitrage. B) capital-asset pricing. C) factoring. D) fundamental analysis. E) None of the options are correct.

11) In developing the APT, Ross assumed that uncertainty in asset returns was a result of: A) a common macroeconomic factor. B) firm-specific factors. C) pricing error. D) a common macroeconomic factor and firm-specific factors. E) None of the options are correct.

12) The _________ provides an unequivocal statement on the expected return-beta relationship

for all assets, whereas the _________ implies that this relationship holds for all but perhaps a small number of securities. A) APT; CAPM B) APT; OPM C) CAPM; APT D) CAPM; OPM E) None of the options are correct.

13) Consider a single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 1.0 and an expected return of 16%.

Portfolio B has a beta of 0.8 and an expected return of 12%. The risk-free rate of return is 6%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio _________ and a long position in portfolio _________. A) A; A B) A; B C) B; A D) B; B E) A; the riskless asset

14) Consider the single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 0.2 and an expected return of 13%.

Portfolio B has a beta of 0.4 and an expected return of 15%. The risk-free rate of return is 10%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio _________ and a long position in portfolio _________. A) A; A B) A; B C) B; A D) B; B E) None of the options are correct.

15) Consider the one-factor APT. The variance of returns on the factor portfolio is 5. The beta of

a well-diversified portfolio on the factor is 1.2. The variance of returns on the welldiversified portfolio is approximately: A) 3.6. B) 7.2. C) 8.3. D) 19.1. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Consider the one-factor APT. The standard deviation of returns on a well-diversified

portfolio is 14%. The standard deviation on the factor portfolio is 10%. The beta of the welldiversified portfolio is approximately: A) 0.80. B) 1.40. C) 1.65. D) 1.82. E) None of the options are correct.

17) Consider the single-factor APT. Stocks A and B have expected returns of 12% and 19%,

respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 3%. Stock B has a beta of 1.2. If arbitrage opportunities are ruled out, stock A has a beta of: A) 0.675. B) 1.000. C) 1.300. D) 1.675. E) 0.750.

18) Consider the multifactor APT with two factors. Stock A has an expected return of 14%, a

beta of 1.2 on factor 1, and a beta of 0.8 on factor 2. The risk premium on the factor-1 portfolio is 3%. The risk-free rate of return is 4%. What is the risk-premium on factor 2 if no arbitrage opportunities exist? A) 2% B) 4% C) 6% D) 8%

19) Consider the multifactor model APT with two factors. Portfolio A has a beta of 1.20 on

factor 1 and a beta of 1.50 on factor 2. The risk premiums on the factor-1 and factor-2 portfolios are 1% and 7%, respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 4%. The expected return on portfolio A is _________ if no arbitrage opportunities exist. A) 13.5% B) 15.0% C) 15.7% D) 23.0%

20) Consider the multifactor APT with two factors. The risk premiums on the factor 1 and factor

2 portfolios are 5% and 6%, respectively. Stock A has a beta of 1.2 on factor-1, and a beta of 0.7 on factor-2. The expected return on stock A is 17%. If no arbitrage opportunities exist, the risk-free rate of return is: A) 6.0%. B) 6.5%. C) 6.8%. D) 7.4%. E) None of the options are correct.

21) Consider a one-factor economy. Portfolio A has a beta of 1.0 on the factor, and portfolio B

has a beta of 2.0 on the factor. The expected returns on portfolios A and B are 11% and 17%, respectively. Assume that the risk-free rate is 6%, and that arbitrage opportunities exist. Suppose you invested $100,000 in the risk-free asset, $100,000 in portfolio B, and sold short $200,000 of portfolio A. Your expected profit from this strategy would be: A) −$1,000. B) $0. C) $1,000. D) $2,000. E) None of the options are correct.

22) Consider the one-factor APT. Assume that two portfolios, A and B, are well diversified. The

betas of portfolios A and B are 1.0 and 1.5, respectively. The expected returns on portfolios A and B are 19% and 24%, respectively. Assuming no arbitrage opportunities exist, the riskfree rate of return must be: A) 4.0%. B) 9.0%. C) 14.0%. D) 16.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

23) Consider the multifactor APT. The risk premiums on the factor 1 and factor 2 portfolios are

5% and 3%, respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 10%. Stock A has an expected return of 19% and a beta on factor 1 of 0.8. Stock A has a beta on factor 2 of: A) 1.33. B) 1.50. C) 1.67. D) 2.00. E) None of the options are correct.

24) Consider the single factor APT. Portfolios A and B have expected returns of 14% and 18%,

respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 7%. Portfolio A has a beta of 0.7. If arbitrage opportunities are ruled out, portfolio B must have a beta of: A) 0.45. B) 1.00. C) 1.10. D) 1.22. E) None of the options are correct.

25) There are three stocks: A, B, and C. You can either invest in these stocks or short sell them.

There are three possible states of nature for economic growth in the upcoming year (each equally likely to occur); economic growth may be strong, moderate, or weak. The returns for the upcoming year on stocks A, B, and C for each of these states of nature are given below: Stock A B C

State of Nature Strong Growth 39% 30% 6%

Moderate Growth Weak Growth 17% 15% 14%

−5% 0% 22%

If you invested in an equally-weighted portfolio of stocks A and B, your portfolio return would be _________ if economic growth were moderate. A) 3.0% B) 14.5% C) 15.5% D) 16.0% E) None of the options are correct.

26) There are three stocks: A, B, and C. You can either invest in these stocks or short sell them.

State of Nature Strong Growth 39% 30% 6%

Moderate Growth Weak Growth 17% 15% 14%

−5% 0% 22%

If you invested in an equally-weighted portfolio of stocks A and C, your portfolio return would be _________ if economic growth was strong. A) 17.0% B) 22.5% C) 30.0% D) 30.5% E) None of the options are correct.

27) There are three stocks: A, B, and C. You can either invest in these stocks or short sell them.

State of Nature Strong Growth 39% 30% 6%

Moderate Growth Weak Growth 17% 15% 14%

−5% 0% 22%

If you invested in an equally-weighted portfolio of stocks B and C, your portfolio return would be _________ if economic growth was weak. A) −2.5% B) 0.5% C) 3.0% D) 11.0% E) None of the options are correct.

28) Consider the multifactor APT. There are two independent economic factors, F1 and F2. The

risk-free rate of return is 6%. The following information is available about two welldiversified portfolios: Portfolio %media:1formula1.mml% on %media:1formula2.mml% on Expected Factor 1 Factor2 Return A 1.0 2.0 19% B 2.0 0.0 12%

Assuming no arbitrage opportunities exist, the risk premium on the factor F1 portfolio should be: A) 3%. B) 4%. C) 5%. D) 6%. E) None of the options are correct.

29) Consider the multifactor APT. There are two independent economic factors, F1 and F2. The

risk-free rate of return is 6%. The following information is available about two welldiversified portfolios: Portfolio %media:2formula1.mml% on %media:2formula2.mml% on Expected Factor 1 Factor 2 Return A 1.0 2.0 19% B 2.0 0.0 12%

Assuming no arbitrage opportunities exist, the risk premium on the factor F2 portfolio should be: A) 3%. B) 4%. C) 5%. D) 6%. E) None of the options are correct.

30) A zero-investment portfolio with a positive expected return arises when: A) an investor has downside risk only. B) the law of prices is not violated. C) the opportunity set is not tangent to the capital-allocation line. D) a risk-free arbitrage opportunity exists. E) None of the options are correct.

31) An investor will take as large a position as possible when an equilibrium-price relationship is

violated. This is an example of: A) a dominance argument. B) the mean-variance efficiency frontier. C) a risk-free arbitrage. D) the capital asset pricing model. E) None of the options are correct.

32) The APT differs from the CAPM because the APT: A) places more emphasis on market risk. B) minimizes the importance of diversification. C) recognizes multiple unsystematic risk factors. D) recognizes multiple systematic risk factors. E) None of the options are correct.

33) The feature of the APT that offers the greatest potential advantage over the CAPM is the: A) use of several factors instead of a single market index to explain the risk-return

relationship. B) identification of anticipated changes in production, inflation, and term structure as key factors in explaining the risk-return relationship. C) superior measurement of the risk-free rate of return over historical time periods. D) variability of coefficients of sensitivity to the APT factors for a given asset over time. E) None of the options are correct.

34) In terms of the risk or return relationship in the APT, A) only factor risk commands a risk premium in market equilibrium. B) only systematic risk is related to expected returns. C) only nonsystematic risk is related to expected returns. D) Both A & B E) Both A & C

35) Which of the following factors might affect stock returns? A) The business cycle B) Interest rate fluctuations C) Inflation rates D) All of the options. E) None of the options are correct.

36) Advantage(s) of the APT is (are): A) that the model provides specific guidance concerning the determination of the risk

premiums on the factor portfolios. B) that the model does not require a specific benchmark market portfolio. C) that risk need not be considered. D) that the model provides specific guidance concerning the determination of the risk premiums on the factor portfolios, and that the model does not require a specific benchmark market portfolio. E) that the model does not require a specific benchmark market portfolio, and that risk need not be considered.

37) An important difference between CAPM and APT is: A) CAPM depends on risk-return dominance; APT depends on a no-arbitrage condition. B) CAPM assumes many small changes are required to bring the market back to

equilibrium; APT assumes a few large changes are required to bring the market back to equilibrium. C) implications for prices derived from CAPM arguments are stronger than prices derived from APT arguments. D) Both A & B E) All of the options are true.

38) A professional who searches for mispriced securities in specific areas such as merger-target

stocks, rather than one who seeks strict (risk-free) arbitrage opportunities is engaged in: A) pure arbitrage. B) risk arbitrage. C) option arbitrage. D) equilibrium arbitrage. E) None of the options are correct.

39) In the context of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory, as a well-diversified portfolio becomes larger,

its nonsystematic risk approaches: A) one. B) infinity. C) zero. D) negative one. E) systematic risk.

40) A well-diversified portfolio is defined as: A) one that is diversified over a large enough number of securities that the nonsystematic

variance is essentially zero. B) one that contains securities from at least three different industry sectors. C) a portfolio whose factor beta equals 1.0. D) a portfolio that is equally weighted. E) None of the options are correct.

41) The APT requires a benchmark portfolio: A) that is equal to the true market portfolio. B) that contains all securities in proportion to their market values. C) that need not be well-diversified. D) that is well-diversified and lies on the SML. E) that is unobservable.

42) Imposing the no-arbitrage condition on a single-factor security market implies which of the

following statements? 1. The expected return-beta relationship is maintained for all but a small number of welldiversified portfolios. 2. The expected return-beta relationship is maintained for all well-diversified portfolios. 3. The expected return-beta relationship is maintained for all but a small number of individual securities. 4. The expected return-beta relationship is maintained for all individual securities. A) I and III B) I and IV C) II and III D) II and IV E) Only I is correct.

43) Consider a well-diversified portfolio, A, in a two-factor economy. The risk-free rate is 6%,

the risk premium on the first factor portfolio is 4%, and the risk premium on the second factor portfolio is 3%. If portfolio A has a beta of 1.2 on the first factor and .8 on the second factor, what is its expected return? A) 7.0% B) 8.0% C) 9.2% D) 13.0% E) 13.2%

44) The term "arbitrage" refers to: A) buying low and selling high. B) short selling high and buying low. C) earning risk-free economic profits. D) negotiating for favorable brokerage fees. E) hedging your portfolio through the use of options.

45) To take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, an investor would 1. construct a zero-investment portfolio that will yield a sure profit. 2. construct a zero-beta-investment portfolio that will yield a sure profit. 3. make simultaneous trades in two markets without any net investment. 4. short sell the asset in the low-priced market and buy it in the high-priced market. A) I and IV B) I and III C) II and III D) I, III, and IV E) II, III, and IV

46) The factor F in the APT model represents: A) firm-specific risk. B) the sensitivity of the firm to that factor. C) a factor that affects all security returns. D) the deviation from its expected value of a factor that affects all security returns. E) a random amount of return attributable to firm events.

47) In the APT model, what is the nonsystematic standard deviation of an equally-weighted

portfolio that has an average value of σ(ei) equal to 25% and 50 securities? A) 12.5% B) 625% C) 0.5% D) 3.54% E) 14.59%

48) In the APT model, what is the nonsystematic standard deviation of an equally-weighted

portfolio that has an average value of σ(ei) equal to 20% and 20 securities? A) 12.5% B) 625% C) 4.47% D) 3.54% E) 14.59%

49) In the APT model, what is the nonsystematic standard deviation of an equally-weighted

portfolio that has an average value of σ(ei) equal to 20% and 40 securities? A) 12.5% B) 625% C) 0.5% D) 3.54% E) 3.16%

50) In the APT model, what is the nonsystematic standard deviation of an equally-weighted

portfolio that has an average value of σ(ei) equal to 18% and 250 securities? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 1.14% B) 625% C) 0.5% D) 3.54% E) 3.16%

51) Which of the following is true about the security market line (SML) derived from the APT? A) The SML has a downward slope. B) The SML for the APT shows expected return in relation to portfolio standard

deviation. C) The SML for the APT has an intercept equal to the expected return on the market portfolio. D) The benchmark portfolio for the SML may be any well-diversified portfolio. E) The SML is not relevant for the APT.

52) Which of the following is false about the security market line (SML) derived from the APT? A) The SML has an upward slope. B) The SML for the APT shows expected return in relation to factor intensity. C) The SML for the APT has an intercept that does not equal the expected return on the

market portfolio. D) The benchmark portfolio for the SML must be the CAPM market portfolio. E) All of the options are correct.

53) If arbitrage opportunities are to be ruled out, each well-diversified portfolio's expected excess

return must be: A) inversely proportional to the risk-free rate. B) inversely proportional to its standard deviation. C) proportional to its weight in the market portfolio. D) proportional to its standard deviation. E) proportional to its beta coefficient.

54) Suppose you are working with two factor portfolios, portfolio 1 and portfolio 2. The

portfolios have expected returns of 15% and 6%, respectively. Based on this information, what would be the expected return on well-diversified portfolio A, if A has a beta of 0.80 on the first factor and 0.50 on the second factor? The risk-free rate is 3%. A) 15.2% B) 14.1% C) 13.3% D) 10.7% E) 8.4%

55) Which of the following is(are) true regarding the APT? 1. The security market line does not apply to the APT. 2. More than one factor can be important in determining returns. 3. Almost all individual securities satisfy the APT relationship. 4. It doesn't rely on the market portfolio that contains all assets. A) II, III, and IV B) II and IV C) II and III D) I, II, and IV E) I, II, III, and IV

56) In a factor model, the return on a stock in a particular period will be related to: A) factor risk, only. B) nonfactor risk, only. C) standard deviation of returns, only. D) factor risk and nonfactor risk. E) None of the options are true.

57) Which of the following factors did Chen, Roll, and Ross not include in their multifactor

model? A) B) C) D) E)

Change in industrial production Change in expected inflation but not unanticipated inflation Change in unanticipated inflation but not expected inflation Excess return of long-term government bonds over T-bills All of the factors are included in the Chen, Roll, and Ross multifactor model.

58) Which of the following factors did Chen, Roll, and Ross include in their multifactor model? A) Change in industrial waste B) Change in expected inflation C) Change in unanticipated inflation D) Change in expected inflation and unanticipated inflation E) All of the factors were included in their model.

59) Which of the following factors were used by Fama and French in their multifactor model? A) Return on the market index B) Excess return of small stocks over large stocks C) Excess return of high book-to-market stocks over low book-to-market stocks D) All of the factors were included in their model. E) None of the factors were included in their model.

60) Consider the single-factor APT. Stocks A and B have expected returns of 12% and 14%,

respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 5%. Stock B has a beta of 1.2. If arbitrage opportunities are ruled out, stock A has a beta of: A) 0.67. B) 0.93. C) 1.30. D) 1.69. E) None of the options are correct.

61) Consider the one-factor APT. The standard deviation of returns on a well-diversified

portfolio is 19%. The standard deviation on the factor portfolio is 12%. The beta of the welldiversified portfolio is approximately: A) 1.58. B) 1.13. C) 1.25. D) 0.76. E) None of the options are correct.

62) Black argues that past risk premiums on firm-characteristic variables, such as those described

by Fama and French, are problematic because: A) they may result from data snooping. B) they are sources of systematic risk. C) they can be explained by security characteristic lines. D) they are more appropriate for a single-factor model. E) they are macroeconomic factors.

63) Multifactor models seek to improve the performance of the single-index model by: A) modeling the systematic component of firm returns in greater detail. B) incorporating firm-specific components into the pricing model. C) allowing for multiple economic factors to have differential effects. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

64) Multifactor models, such as the one constructed by Chen, Roll, and Ross, can better describe

assets' returns by: A) expanding beyond one factor to represent sources of systematic risk. B) using variables that are easier to forecast ex ante. C) calculating beta coefficients by an alternative method. D) using only stocks with relatively stable returns. E) ignoring firm-specific risk.

65) Consider the multifactor model APT with three factors. Portfolio A has a beta of 0.8 on

factor 1, a beta of 1.1 on factor 2, and a beta of 1.25 on factor 3. The risk premiums on the factor 1, factor 2, and factor 3 are 3%, 5%, and 2%, respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 3%. The expected return on portfolio A is _________ if no arbitrage opportunities exist. A) 13.5% B) 13.4% C) 16.5% D) 23.0% E) None of the options are correct.

66) Consider the multifactor APT. The risk premiums on the factor 1 and factor 2 portfolios are

6% and 4%, respectively. The risk-free rate of return is 4%. Stock A has an expected return of 16% and a beta on factor-1 of 1.3. Stock A has a beta on factor-2 of: A) 1.33. B) 1.05. C) 1.67. D) 2.00. E) None of the options are correct.

67) Consider a well-diversified portfolio, A, in a two-factor economy. The risk-free rate is 5%,

the risk premium on the first-factor portfolio is 4%, and the risk premium on the secondfactor portfolio is 6%. If portfolio A has a beta of 0.6 on the first factor and 1.8 on the second factor, what is its expected return? A) 7.0% B) 8.0% C) 18.2% D) 13.0% E) 13.2%

68) Consider a single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 2.0 and an expected return of 22%.

Portfolio B has a beta of 1.5 and an expected return of 17%. The risk-free rate of return is 4%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio _________ and a long position in portfolio _________. A) A; A B) A; B C) B; A D) B; B E) A; the riskless asset

69) Consider the single factor APT. Portfolio A has a beta of 0.5 and an expected return of 12%.

Portfolio B has a beta of 0.4 and an expected return of 13%. The risk-free rate of return is 5%. If you wanted to take advantage of an arbitrage opportunity, you should take a short position in portfolio _________ and a long position in portfolio _________. A) A; A B) A; B C) B; A D) B; B E) None of the options are correct.

70) Consider the one-factor APT. The variance of returns on the factor portfolio is 9. The beta of

a well-diversified portfolio on the factor is 1.25. The variance of returns on the welldiversified portfolio is approximately: A) 3.6. B) 6.0. C) 7.3. D) 14.1. E) None of the options are correct.

71) Consider the one-factor APT. The variance of returns on the factor portfolio is 11. The beta

of a well-diversified portfolio on the factor is 1.45. The variance of returns on the welldiversified portfolio is approximately: A) 23.1. B) 6.0. C) 7.3. D) 14.1. E) None of the options are correct.

72) Consider the one-factor APT. The standard deviation of returns on a well-diversified

portfolio is 22%. The standard deviation on the factor portfolio is 14%. The beta of the welldiversified portfolio is approximately: A) 0.80. B) 1.13. C) 1.25. D) 1.57. E) None of the options are correct.

73) The market return is 11% and the risk-free rate is 4%. Mammoth Incorporated has a market

beta of 1.2, a SMB beta of −0.78, and a HML beta of −1.2. If the risk premium on HML and SMB are both 3%, using the Fama-French Three Factor Model, what is the expected Return on Mammoth Incorporated stock? A) 4.66% B) 6.46% C) 12.3% D) 15.3% E) None of the options are correct.

74) The market return is 12% and the risk-free rate is 4%. Smallish Incorporated has a market

beta of 0.9, a SMB beta of 0.65, and a HML beta of 0.52. If the risk premium on HML and SMB are both 2%, using the Fama-French Three Factor Model, what is the expected Return on Smallish Incorporated stock? A) 4.86% B) 7.46% C) 12.3% D) 13.54% E) None of the options are correct.

75) The market return is 10% and the risk-free rate is 3%. Rascals Incorporated has a market beta

of 1.0, a SMB beta of −0.60, and a HML beta of −0.85. If the risk premium on HML and SMB are both 2%, using the Fama-French Three Factor Model, what is the expected Return on Rascal Incorporated stock? A) 5.85% B) 7.10% C) 13.2% D) 15.3% E) None of the options are correct.

76) The market return is 11% and the risk-free rate is 4%. Mammoth Incorporated has a market

beta of 1.2, a SMB beta of −0.78, and a HML beta of −1.2. The risk premium on HML and SMB are both 3%, using the Fama-French Three Factor Model. If the single factor model generates a regression coefficient of 1.2, what is the different in returns between the ThreeFactor model and the single factor model expected returns on Mammoth Incorporated stock? A) 5.66% B) 5.94% C) 11.3% D) 16.3% E) None of the options are correct.

77) The market return is 12% and the risk-free rate is 4%. Smallish Incorporated has a market

beta of 0.9, a SMB beta of 0.65, and a HML beta of 0.52. The risk premium on HML and SMB are both 2%, using the Fama-French Three Factor Model. If the single factor model generates a regression coefficient of 0.8, what is the different in returns between the ThreeFactor model and the single factor model expected returns on Smallish Incorporated stock? A) 6.86% B) 5.46% C) 4.30% D) 3.14% E) None of the options are correct.

78) The market return is 10% and the risk-free rate is 3%. Rascals Incorporated has a market beta

of 1.0, a SMB beta of −0.60, and a HML beta of −0.85. The risk premium on HML and SMB are both 2%, using the Fama-French Three Factor Model. If the single factor model generates a regression coefficient of 1.3, what is the different in returns between the Three-Factor model and the single factor model expected returns on Rascal Incorporated stock? A) 2.8% B) 5.0% C) 5.8% D) 6.3% E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 10 1) C 2) A 3) E 4) D 5) D 6) B 7) C 8) C 9) B 10) A 11) D 12) C 13) C 14) C 15) B 16) B 17) A 18) D 19) C 20) C 21) C 22) B 23) C 24) C 25) D 26) B 27) D 28) A 29) C 30) C 31) C 32) D 33) A 34) D 35) D 36) B 37) D

38) B 39) C 40) A 41) D 42) C 43) E 44) C 45) B 46) D 47) D 48) C 49) E 50) A 51) D 52) E 53) E 54) B 55) A 56) D 57) E 58) D 59) D 60) B 61) A 62) A 63) D 64) A 65) B 66) B 67) C 68) C 69) B 70) D 71) A 72) D 73) B 74) D 75) B 76) B 77) D

78) B

Chapter 11:__________ 1) If you believe in the ________ form of the EMH, you believe that stock prices reflect all

relevant information, including historical stock prices and current public information about the firm, but not information that is available only to insiders. A) semistrong B) strong C) weak D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

2) When Maurice Kendall examined the patterns of stock returns in 1953, he concluded that the

stock market was __________. Now, these random price movements are believed to be __________. A) inefficient; the effect of a well-functioning market B) efficient; the effect of an inefficient market C) inefficient; the effect of an inefficient market D) efficient; the effect of a well-functioning market E) irrational; even more irrational than before

3) The stock market follows a: A) nonrandom walk. B) submartingale. C) predictable pattern that can be exploited. D) nonrandom walk and predictable pattern that can be exploited. E) submartingale and predictable pattern that can be exploited.

4) A hybrid strategy is one where the investor: A) uses both fundamental and technical analysis to select stocks. B) selects the stocks of companies that specialize in alternative fuels. C) selects some actively-managed mutual funds on their own and uses an investment

advisor to select other actively-managed funds. D) maintains a passive core and augments the position with an actively-managed portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

5) The difference between a random walk and a submartingale is the expected price change in a

random walk is ______, and the expected price change for a submartingale is ______. A) positive; zero B) positive; positive C) positive; negative D) zero; positive E) zero; zero

6) Proponents of the EMH typically advocate: A) an active trading strategy. B) investing in an index fund. C) a passive investment strategy. D) an active trading strategy and a passive investment strategy. E) investing in an index fund and a passive investment strategy.

7) Proponents of the EMH typically advocate: A) buying individual stocks on margin and trading frequently. B) investing in hedge funds. C) a passive investment strategy. D) buying individual stocks on margin, trading frequently, and investing in hedge funds. E) investing in hedge funds and a passive investment strategy.

8) If you believe in the _______ form of the EMH, you believe that stock prices only reflect all

information that can be derived by examining market trading data, such as the history of past stock prices, trading volume or short interest. A) semistrong B) strong C) weak D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

9) If you believe in the _________ form of the EMH, you believe that stock prices reflect all

available information, including information that is available only to insiders. A) semistrong B) strong C) weak D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

10) If you believe in the reversal effect, you should: A) buy bonds in this period if you held stocks in the last period. B) buy stocks in this period if you held bonds in the last period. C) buy stocks this period that performed poorly last period. D) go short. E) buy stocks this period that performed poorly last period and go short.

11) __________ focus more on past price movements of a firm's stock than on the underlying

determinants of future profitability. A) Credit analysts B) Fundamental analysts C) Systems analysts D) Technical analysts E) Fundamental analysts and Technical analysts

12) __________ above which it is difficult for the market to rise. A) A book value is a value B) A resistance level is a value C) A support level is a value D) A book value and a resistance level are values E) A book value and a support level are values

13) _________ below which it is difficult for the market to fall. A) An intrinsic value is a value B) A resistance level is a value C) A support level is a value D) An intrinsic value and a resistance level are values E) A resistance level and a support level are values

14) ___________ the return on a stock beyond what would be predicted from market movements

alone. A) B) C) D) E)

An irrational return is An economic return is An abnormal return is None of the options are correct. All of the options are correct.

15) The debate over whether markets are efficient will probably never be resolved because of: A) the lucky event issue. B) the magnitude issue. C) the selection bias issue. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

16) A common strategy for passive management is: A) creating an index fund. B) creating a small firm fund. C) creating an investment club. D) creating an index fund and creating an investment club. E) creating a small firm fund and creating an investment club.

17) Basu (1977, 1983) found that firms with low P/E ratios: A) earned higher average returns than firms with high P/E ratios. B) earned the same average returns as firms with high P/E ratios. C) earned lower average returns than firms with high P/E ratios. D) had higher dividend yields than firms with high P/E ratios. E) None of the options are correct.

18) Basu (1977, 1983) found that firms with high P/E ratios A) earned higher average returns than firms with low P/E ratios. B) earned the same average returns as firms with low P/E ratios. C) earned lower average returns than firms with low P/E ratios. D) had higher dividend yields than firms with low P/E ratios. E) None of the options are correct.

19) Jaffe (1974) found that stock prices __________ after insiders intensively bought shares. A) decreased B) did not change C) increased D) became extremely volatile E) became much less volatile

20) Jaffe (1974) found that stock prices _________ after insiders intensively sold shares. A) decreased B) did not change C) increased D) became extremely volatile E) became much less volatile

21) Banz (1981) found that, on average, the risk-adjusted returns of small firms: A) were higher than the risk-adjusted returns of large firms. B) were the same as the risk-adjusted returns of large firms. C) were lower than the risk-adjusted returns of large firms. D) were unrelated to the risk-adjusted returns of large firms. E) were negative.

22) Banz (1981) found that, on average, the risk-adjusted returns of large firms: A) were higher than the risk-adjusted returns of small firms. B) were the same as the risk-adjusted returns of small firms. C) were lower than the risk-adjusted returns of small firms. D) were unrelated to the risk-adjusted returns of small firms. E) were negative.

23) Proponents of the EMH think technical analysts: A) should focus on relative strength. B) should focus on resistance levels. C) should focus on support levels. D) should focus on financial statements. E) are wasting their time.

24) Studies of positive earnings surprises have shown that there is: A) a positive abnormal return on the day positive earnings surprises are announced. B) a positive drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise

announcement. C) a negative drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise announcement. D) a positive abnormal return on the day positive earnings surprises are announced and a positive drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise announcement. E) a positive abnormal return on the day positive earnings surprises are announced and a negative drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise announcement.

25) Studies of negative earnings surprises have shown that there is A) a negative abnormal return on the day that negative earnings surprises are announced. B) a positive drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise

announcement. C) a negative drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise announcement. D) a negative abnormal return on the day that negative earnings surprises are announced and a negative drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise announcement. E) a negative abnormal return on the day that negative earnings surprises are announced and a positive drift in the stock price on the days following the earnings surprise announcement.

26) Studies of stock price reactions to news are called: A) reaction studies. B) event studies. C) drift studies. D) reaction studies and event studies. E) event studies and drift studies.

27) On November 22, the stock price of Coca Cola was $69.50, and the retailer stock index was

600.30. On November 25, the stock price of Coca Cola was $70.25, and the retailer stock index was 605.20. Consider the ratio of Coca Cola to the retailer index on November 22 and November 25. Coca Cola is _______ the retail industry, and technical analysts who follow relative strength would advise _______ the stock. A) outperforming; buying B) outperforming; selling C) underperforming; buying D) underperforming; selling E) equally performing; neither buying nor selling

28) Work by Amihud and Mendelson (1986, 1991): A) argues that investors will demand a rate of return premium to invest in less liquid

stocks. B) may help explain the small firm effect. C) may be related to the neglected firm effect. D) may help explain the small firm effect and may be related to the neglected firm effect. E) All of the options are correct.

29) Fama and French (Figure 11.5) found that the stocks of firms within the highest decile of

book-to-market ratios had an average annual return of _______, while the stocks of firms within the lowest decile of book-to-market ratios had an average annual return of ________. A) 15.6%; 13.1% B) 16.7%; 11.8% C) 11.8%; 16.7% D) 11.1%; 17.2%

30) A market decline of 23% on a day when there is no significant macroeconomic event ______

consistent with the EMH because ________. A) would be; it was a clear response to macroeconomic news B) would be; it was not a clear response to macroeconomic news C) would not be; it was a clear response to macroeconomic news D) would not be; it was not a clear response to macroeconomic news

31) In an efficient market,: A) security prices react quickly to new information. B) security prices are seldom far above or below their justified levels. C) security analysis will not enable investors to realize superior returns consistently. D) one cannot make money. E) security prices react quickly to new information, security prices are seldom far above

or below their justified levels and security analysis will not enable investors to realize superior returns consistently.

32) The weak form of the efficient-market hypothesis asserts that A) stock prices do not rapidly adjust to new information contained in past prices or past

data. B) future changes in stock prices cannot be predicted from past prices. C) technicians cannot expect to outperform the market. D) stock prices do not rapidly adjust to new information contained in past prices or past data and future changes in stock prices cannot be predicted from past prices. E) future changes in stock prices cannot be predicted from past prices and technicians cannot expect to outperform the market.

33) A support level is the price range at which a technical analyst would expect the: A) supply of a stock to increase dramatically. B) supply of a stock to decrease substantially. C) demand for a stock to increase substantially. D) demand for a stock to decrease substantially. E) price of a stock to fall.

34) A finding that _________ would provide evidence against the semistrong form of the

efficient-market theory. A) low P/E stocks tend to have positive abnormal returns B) trend analysis is worthless in determining stock prices C) one can consistently outperform the market by adopting the contrarian approach exemplified by the reversals phenomenon D) low P/E stocks tend to have positive abnormal returns and trend analysis is worthless in determining stock prices E) low P/E stocks tend to have positive abnormal returns and one can consistently outperform the market by adopting the contrarian approach exemplified by the reversals phenomenon

35) The weak form of the efficient-market hypothesis contradicts: A) technical analysis but supports fundamental analysis as valid. B) fundamental analysis but supports technical analysis as valid. C) both fundamental analysis and technical analysis. D) technical analysis but is silent on the possibility of successful fundamental analysis. E) None of the options are correct.

36) Two basic assumptions of technical analysis are that security prices adjust: A) rapidly to new information, and market prices are determined by the interaction of

supply and demand. B) rapidly to new information, and liquidity is provided by security dealers. C) gradually to new information, and market prices are determined by the interaction of supply and demand. D) gradually to new information, and liquidity is provided by security dealers. E) rapidly to information and to the actions of insiders.

37) Cumulative abnormal returns (CAR): A) are used in event studies, only. B) are better measures of security returns due to firm-specific events than are abnormal

returns (AR), only. C) are cumulated over the period prior to the firm-specific event, only. D) are used in event studies and are better measures of security returns due to firmspecific events than are abnormal returns (AR). E) are used in event studies and are cumulated over the period prior to the firm-specific event.

38) Studies of mutual-fund performance: A) indicate that one should not randomly select a mutual fund. B) indicate that historical performance is not necessarily indicative of future

performance. C) indicate that the professional management of the fund insures above market returns. D) indicate that one should not randomly select a mutual fund and indicate that historical performance is not necessarily indicative of future performance. E) indicate that one should not randomly select a mutual fund and indicate that the professional management of the fund insures above market returns.

39) The likelihood of an investment newsletter's successfully predicting the direction of the

market for three consecutive years by chance should be: A) between 50% and 70%. B) between 25% and 50%. C) between 10% and 25%. D) less than 10%. E) greater than 70%.

40) In an efficient market the correlation coefficient between stock returns for two

nonoverlapping time periods should be: A) positive and large. B) positive and small. C) zero. D) negative and small. E) negative and large.

41) The weather report says that a devastating and unexpected freeze is expected to hit Florida

tonight during the peak of the citrus harvest. In an efficient market, one would expect the price of Florida Orange's stock to: A) drop immediately. B) unable to determine. C) increase immediately. D) gradually decline for the next several weeks. E) gradually increase for the next several weeks.

42) Matthews Corporation has a beta of 1.2. The annualized market return yesterday was 13%,

and the risk-free rate is currently 5%. You observe that Matthews had an annualized return yesterday of 17%. Assuming that markets are efficient, this suggests that: A) bad news about Matthews was announced yesterday. B) good news about Matthews was announced yesterday. C) no news about Matthews was announced yesterday. D) interest rates rose yesterday. E) interest rates fell yesterday.

43) Nicholas Manufacturing just announced yesterday that its fourth quarter earnings will be

10% higher than last year's fourth quarter. Nicholas had an abnormal return of 1.2% yesterday. This suggests that: A) the market is not efficient. B) Nicholas' stock will probably rise in value tomorrow. C) investors expected the earnings increase to be larger than what was actually announced. D) investors expected the earnings increase to be smaller than what was actually announced. E) earnings are expected to decrease next quarter.

44) When Maurice Kendall first examined stock price patterns in 1953, he found that: A) certain patterns tended to repeat within the business cycle. B) there were no predictable patterns in stock prices. C) stocks whose prices had increased consistently for one week tended to have a net

decrease the following week. D) stocks whose prices had increased consistently for one week tended to have a net increase the following week. E) the direction of change in stock prices was unpredictable, but the amount of change followed a distinct pattern.

45) If stock prices follow a random walk,: A) it implies that investors are irrational. B) it means that the market cannot be efficient. C) price levels are not random. D) price changes are random. E) price movements are predictable.

46) The main difference between the three forms of market efficiency is that: A) the definition of efficiency differs. B) the definition of excess return differs. C) the definition of prices differs. D) the definition of information differs. E) they were discovered by different people.

47) Chartists practice: A) technical analysis. B) fundamental analysis. C) regression analysis. D) insider analysis. E) psychoanalysis.

48) Which of the following are used by fundamental analysts to determine proper stock prices? 1. Trendlines 2. Earnings 3. Dividend prospects 4. Expectations of future interest rates 5. Resistance levels A) I, IV, and V B) I, II, and III C) II, III, and IV D) II, IV, and V E) All of the items are used by fundamental analysts.

49) Which of the following are used by technical analysts to determine proper stock prices? 1. Trendlines 2. Earnings 3. Dividend prospects 4. Expectations of future interest rates 5. Resistance levels A) I and V B) I, II, and III C) II, III, and IV D) II, IV, and V E) All of the items are used by fundamental analysts.

50) According to proponents of the efficient-market hypothesis, the best strategy for a small

investor with a portfolio worth $40,000 is probably to: A) perform fundamental analysis. B) exploit market anomalies. C) invest in Treasury securities. D) invest in derivative securities. E) invest in index funds.

51) Which of the following are investment superstars who have consistently shown superior

performance? 1. Warren Buffet 2. Burton Malkiel 3. Peter Lynch 4. Merrill Lynch 5. Jimmy Buffet A) I, III, and IV B) II, III, and IV C) I and III D) III and IV E) I, III, IV, and V

52) Boeing has a beta of 1.0. The annualized market return yesterday was 11%, and the risk-free

rate is currently 5%. You observe that Boeing had an annualized return yesterday of 14%. Assuming that markets are efficient, this suggests that: A) bad news about Boeing was announced yesterday. B) good news about Boeing was announced yesterday. C) no news about Boeing was announced yesterday. D) interest rates rose yesterday. E) interest rates fell yesterday.

53) Music Doctors has a beta of 2.25. The annualized market return yesterday was 12%, and the

risk-free rate is currently 4%. You observe that Music Doctors had an annualized return yesterday of 15%. Assuming that markets are efficient, this suggests that: A) bad news about Music Doctors was announced yesterday. B) good news about Music Doctors was announced yesterday. C) no news about Music Doctors was announced yesterday. D) interest rates rose yesterday. E) interest rates fell yesterday.

54) XRCO has a beta of 1.7. The annualized market return yesterday was 13%, and the risk-free

rate is currently 3%. You observe that XRCO had an annualized return yesterday of 20%. Assuming that markets are efficient, this suggests that: A) bad news about XRCO was announced yesterday. B) good news about XRCO was announced yesterday. C) no significant news about XRCO was announced yesterday. D) interest rates rose yesterday. E) interest rates fell yesterday.

55) XRCO just announced yesterday that its fourth quarter earnings will be 35% higher than last

year's fourth quarter. You observe that XRCO had an abnormal return of −1.7% yesterday. This suggests that: A) the market is not efficient. B) XRCO stock will probably rise in value tomorrow. C) investors expected the earnings increase to be larger than what was actually announced. D) investors expected the earnings increase to be smaller than what was actually announced. E) earnings are expected to decrease next quarter.

56) KWM Corporation just announced yesterday that it would undertake an international joint

venture. You observe that KWM had an abnormal return of 3% yesterday. This suggests that: A) the market is not efficient. B) KWM stock will probably rise in value again tomorrow. C) investors view the international joint venture as bad news. D) investors view the international joint venture as good news. E) earnings are expected to decrease next quarter.

57) Music Doctors just announced yesterday that its first quarter sales were 35% higher than last

year's first quarter. You observe that Music Doctors had an abnormal return of −2% yesterday. This suggests that: A) the market is not efficient. B) Music Doctors stock will probably rise in value tomorrow. C) investors expected the sales increase to be larger than what was actually announced. D) investors expected the sales increase to be smaller than what was actually announced. E) earnings are expected to decrease next quarter.

58) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) just announced yesterday that they would approve

a new cancer-fighting drug from Queen. You observe that Queen had an abnormal return of 0% yesterday. This suggests that: A) the market is not efficient. B) Queen stock will probably rise in value tomorrow. C) Queen stock will probably fall in value tomorrow. D) the approval was already anticipated by the market. E) None of the options are correct.

59) Your professor finds a stock-trading rule that generates excess risk-adjusted returns. Instead

of publishing the results, she keeps the trading rule to herself. This is most closely associated with: A) regret avoidance. B) selection bias. C) framing. D) insider trading. E) None of the options are correct.

60) At freshman orientation, 1,500 students are asked to flip a coin 20 times. One student is

crowned the winner (tossed 20 heads). This is most closely associated with: A) regret avoidance. B) selection bias. C) overconfidence. D) the lucky event issue. E) None of the options are correct.

61) Seyhun (1986) finds that the practice of monitoring insider trade disclosures, and trading on

that information, would be: A) extremely profitable for long-term traders. B) extremely profitable for short-term traders. C) marginally profitable for long-term traders. D) marginally profitable for short-term traders. E) not sufficiently profitable to cover trading costs.

62) If you believe in the reversal effect, you should: A) sell bonds in this period if you held stocks in the last period. B) sell stocks in this period if you held bonds in the last period. C) sell stocks this period that performed well last period. D) go long. E) sell stocks this period that performed well last period and go long.

63) Patell and Woflson (1984) report that most of the stock-price response to corporate dividend

or earnings announcements occurs within _____________ of the announcement. A) 10 minutes B) 45 minutes C) 2 hours D) 4 hours E) 2 trading days

64) Del Guerico and Reuter (2014) report that the average underperformance of actively-

managed mutual funds is driven largely by: A) sector mutual funds. B) index funds. C) direct-sold funds. D) broker-sold funds. E) bank-sold mutual funds.

65) Expert firms must maintain detailed records of conversations in the event authorities decide

to investigate _____________. A) tax evasion B) insider trading C) excess profits D) FDA violations E) SEC violations

66) Billy Bean and his success chronicled in Moneyball by Michael Lewis illustrates that teams

were_____________. A) mispricing the value of players B) paying too much for players C) hampered by the salary cap D) able to win using statistical analysis E) None of the options are correct.

67) Using finance terminology, Billy Bean discovered a better estimate of _____________. A) intrinsic value B) inflation C) market efficiency D) discount rates E) None of the options are correct.

68) What factor of fundamental analysis has been found to have a negative impact on returns

over a 3-12 month time horizon? A) intrinsic value B) inflation C) volatility D) discount rates E) None of the options are correct.

69) What term measures the positive result of market inefficiency? A) CAPM B) beta C) volatility D) alpha E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 11 1) A 2) A 3) B 4) D 5) D 6) E 7) C 8) C 9) B 10) C 11) D 12) B 13) C 14) C 15) D 16) A 17) A 18) C 19) C 20) A 21) A 22) C 23) E 24) D 25) D 26) B 27) A 28) E 29) B 30) D 31) E 32) E 33) C 34) E 35) D 36) C 37) D

38) D 39) C 40) C 41) A 42) B 43) D 44) B 45) D 46) D 47) A 48) C 49) A 50) E 51) C 52) B 53) A 54) C 55) C 56) D 57) C 58) D 59) B 60) D 61) E 62) C 63) A 64) D 65) B 66) A 67) A 68) C 69) D

Chapter 12:__________ 1) Conventional theories presume that investors _____________, and behavioral finance

presumes that they _____________. A) are irrational; are irrational B) are rational; may not be rational C) are rational; are rational D) may not be rational; may not be rational E) may not be rational; are rational

2) The premise of behavioral finance is that: A) conventional financial theory ignores how real people make decisions and that people

make a difference. B) conventional financial theory considers how emotional people make decisions, but the market is driven by rational utility-maximizing investors. C) conventional financial theory should ignore how the average person makes decisions because the market is driven by investors who are much more sophisticated than the average person. D) conventional financial theory considers how emotional people make decisions, but the market is driven by rational utility-maximizing investors and should ignore how the average person makes decisions because the market is driven by investors who are much more sophisticated than the average person. E) None of the options are correct.

3) Some economists believe that the anomalies literature is consistent with investors': A) ability to always process information correctly, and therefore, they infer correct

probability distributions about future rates of return; and given a probability distribution of returns, they always make consistent and optimal decisions. B) inability to always process information correctly, and therefore, they infer incorrect probability distributions about future rates of return; and given a probability distribution of returns, they always make consistent and optimal decisions. C) ability to always process information correctly, and therefore, they infer correct probability distributions about future rates of return; and given a probability distribution of returns, they often make inconsistent or suboptimal decisions. D) inability to always process information correctly, and therefore, they infer incorrect probability distributions about future rates of return; and given a probability distribution of returns, they often make inconsistent or suboptimal decisions.

4) Information processing errors consist of: 1. forecasting errors. 2. overconfidence. 3. conservatism. 4. framing. A) I and II B) I and III C) III and IV D) IV only E) I, II, and III

5) Forecasting errors are potentially important because: A) research suggests that people underweight recent information. B) research suggests that people overweight recent information. C) research suggests that people correctly weight recent information. D) research suggests that people either underweight recent information or overweight

recent information depending on whether the information was good or bad. E) None of the options are correct.

6) De Bondt and Thaler believe that high P/E result from investors': A) earnings expectations that are too extreme. B) earnings expectations that are not extreme enough. C) stock-price expectations that are too extreme. D) stock-price expectations that are not extreme enough. E) None of the options are correct.

7) If a person gives too much weight to recent information compared to prior beliefs, they

would make ________ errors. A) framing B) selection bias C) overconfidence D) conservatism E) forecasting

8) Single men trade far more often than women. This is due to greater _________ among men. A) framing B) regret avoidance C) overconfidence D) conservatism E) Selection Bias

9) ____________ may be responsible for the prevalence of active versus passive investments

management. A) Forecasting errors B) Overconfidence C) Mental accounting D) Conservatism E) Regret avoidance

10) Barber and Odean (2000) ranked portfolios by turnover and report that the difference in

return between the highest and lowest turnover portfolios is 7% per year. They attribute this to: A) overconfidence. B) framing. C) regret avoidance. D) sample neglect. E) Selection Bias

11) ________ bias means that investors are too slow in updating their beliefs in response to

evidence. A) Framing B) Regret avoidance C) Overconfidence D) Conservatism E) None of the options are correct.

12) Psychologists have found that people who make decisions that turn out badly blame

themselves more when that decision was unconventional. The name for this phenomenon is: A) regret avoidance. B) framing. C) mental accounting. D) overconfidence. E) obnoxicity.

13) An example of ________ is that a person may reject an investment when it is posed in terms

of risk surrounding potential gains, but may accept the same investment if it is posed in terms of risk surrounding potential losses. A) framing B) regret avoidance C) overconfidence D) conservatism E) Underconfidence

14) Statman (1977) argues that ________ is consistent with some investors' irrational preference

for stocks with high cash dividends and with a tendency to hold losing positions too long. A) mental accounting B) regret avoidance C) overconfidence D) conservatism E) None of the options are correct.

15) An example of ________ is that it is not as painful to have purchased a blue-chip stock that

decreases in value as it is to lose money on an unknown start-up firm. A) mental accounting B) regret avoidance C) overconfidence D) conservatism E) None of the options are correct.

16) Arbitrageurs may be unable to exploit behavioral biases due to: 1. fundamental risk. 2. implementation costs. 3. model risk. 4. conservatism. 5. regret avoidance. A) I and II only B) I, II, and III C) I, II, III, and V D) II, III, and IV E) IV and V

17) _____________ are good examples of the limits to arbitrage because they show that the law

of one price is violated. 1. Siamese twin companies 2. Unit trusts 3. Closed-end funds 4. Open-end funds 5. Equity carve-outs A) I and II B) I, II, and III C) I, III, and V D) IV and V E) V

18) A trin ratio of less than 1.0 is considered as a: A) bearish signal. B) bullish signal. C) bearish signal by some technical analysts and a bullish signal by other technical

analysts. D) bullish signal by some fundamentalists. E) bearish signal by some technical analysts, a bullish signal by other technical analysts, and a bullish signal by some fundamentalists.

19) Suppose on August 27, there were 1,455 stocks that advanced on the NASDAQ and 1,553

that declined. The volume in advancing issues was 852,581, and the volume in declining issues was 1,058,312. The trin ratio for that day was ________, and technical analysts were likely to be ________. A) 0.87; bullish B) 0.87; bearish C) 1.16; bullish D) 1.16; bearish E) None of the options are correct.

20) In regard to moving averages, it is considered to be a ____________ signal when market

price breaks through the moving average from ____________. A) bearish; below B) bullish; below C) bullish; above D) None of the options are correct.

21) ____________ is a measure of the extent to which a movement in the market index is

reflected in the price movements of all stocks in the market. A) Put-call ratio B) Trin ratio C) Breadth D) Confidence index E) All of the options are correct.

22) The confidence index is computed from _____________, and higher values are considered

_____________ signals. A) bond yields; bearish B) odd lot trades; bearish C) odd lot trades; bullish D) put/call ratios; bullish E) bond yields; bullish

23) The put/call ratio is computed as _____________, and higher values are considered

_____________ signals. A) the number of outstanding put options divided by outstanding call options; bullish or bearish B) the number of outstanding put options divided by outstanding call options; bullish C) the number of outstanding put options divided by outstanding call options; bearish D) the number of outstanding call options divided by outstanding put options; bullish E) the number of outstanding call options divided by outstanding put options; bearish

24) The efficient-market hypothesis: A) implies that security prices properly reflect information available to investors but has

little empirical validity. B) has little empirical validity. C) implies that active traders will find it easy to outperform a buy-and-hold strategy. D) has little empirical validity and implies that active traders will find it difficult to outperform a buy-and-hold strategy. E) implies that security prices properly reflect information available to investors and that active traders will find it difficult to outperform a buy-and-hold strategy.

25) Tests of market efficiency have focused on: A) the mean-variance efficiency of the selected market proxy. B) strategies that would have provided superior risk-adjusted returns. C) results of actual investments of professional managers. D) strategies that would have provided superior risk-adjusted returns and results of actual

investments of professional managers. E) the mean-variance efficiency of the selected market proxy and strategies that would have provided superior risk-adjusted returns.

26) The anomalies literature: A) provides a conclusive rejection of market efficiency. B) provides conclusive support of market efficiency. C) suggests that several strategies would have provided superior returns. D) provides a conclusive rejection of market efficiency and suggests that several

strategies would have provided superior returns. E) None of the options are correct.

27) Behavioral finance argues that: A) if you recognize security prices are wrong, it will be easy to exploit them. B) the failure to uncover successful trading rules or traders is proof of market efficiency. C) investors are rational. D) even if security prices are wrong, it may be difficult to exploit them and the failure to

uncover successful trading rules or traders cannot be taken as proof of market efficiency. E) All of the options are correct.

28) Markets would be inefficient if irrational investors _________ and actions of arbitragers

were __________. A) existed; unlimited B) did not exist; unlimited C) existed; limited D) did not exist; limited E) None of the options are correct.

29) __________ can lead investors to misestimate the true probabilities of possible events or

associated rates of return. A) Information processing errors B) Framing errors C) Mental accounting errors D) Regret avoidance E) None of the options are correct.

30) Kahneman and Tversky (1973) report that __________ and __________. A) people give too little weight to recent experience compared to prior beliefs; tend to

make forecasts that are too extreme given the uncertainty of their information B) people give too much weight to recent experience compared to prior beliefs; tend to make forecasts that are too extreme given the uncertainty of their information C) people give too little weight to recent experience compared to prior beliefs; tend to make forecasts that are not extreme enough given the uncertainty of their information D) people give too much weight to recent experience compared to prior beliefs; tend to make forecasts that are not extreme enough given the uncertainty of their information

31) Errors in information processing can lead investors to misestimate: A) true probabilities of possible events and associated rates of return. B) occurrence of possible events. C) only possible rates of return. D) the effect of accounting manipulation. E) fraud.

32) De Bondt and Thaler (1990) argue that the P/E effect can be explained by A) forecasting errors, only. B) earnings expectations that are too extreme, only. C) earnings expectations that are not extreme enough, only. D) regret avoidance, only. E) forecasting errors and earnings expectations that are too extreme.

33) Barber and Odean (2001) report that men trade __________ frequently than women and the

frequent trading leads to __________ returns. A) less; superior B) less; inferior C) more; superior D) more; inferior

34) Conservatism implies that investors are too __________ in updating their beliefs in response

to new evidence and that they initially __________ to news. A) quick; overreact B) quick; underreact C) slow; overreact D) slow; underreact

35) If information processing was perfect, many studies conclude that individuals would tend to

make __________ decisions using that information due to __________. A) less than fully rational; behavioral biases B) fully rational; behavioral biases C) less than fully rational; fundamental risk D) fully rational; fundamental risk E) fully rational; utility maximization

36) The assumptions concerning the shape of utility functions of investors differ between

conventional theory and prospect theory. Conventional theory assumes that utility functions are __________, whereas prospect theory assumes that utility functions are __________. A) concave and defined in terms of wealth; s-shaped (convex to losses and concave to gains) and defined in terms of losses relative to current wealth B) convex and defined in terms of losses relative to current wealth; s-shaped (convex to losses and concave to gains) and defined in terms of losses relative to current wealth C) s-shaped (convex to losses and concave to gains) and defined in terms of losses relative to current wealth; concave and defined in terms of wealth D) s-shaped (convex to losses and concave to gains) and defined in terms of wealth; concave and defined in terms of losses relative to current wealth E) convex and defined in terms of wealth; concave and defined in terms of gains relative to current wealth

37) The law of one price posits that ability to arbitrage would force prices of identical goods to

trade at equal prices. However, empirical evidence suggests that __________ are often mispriced. A) Siamese twin companies, only B) equity carve-outs, only C) closed-end funds, only D) All of the options are correct.

38) Kahneman and Tversky (1973) reported that people give __________ weight to recent

experience compared to prior beliefs when making forecasts. This is referred to as __________. A) too little; hyper rationality B) too little; conservatism C) too much; framing D) too much; memory bias

39) Kahneman and Tversky (1973) reported that __________ give too much weight to recent

experience compared to prior beliefs when making forecasts. A) young men B) young women C) people D) older men E) older women

40) Barber and Odean (2001) report that men trade __________ frequently than women. A) less B) less in down markets C) more in up markets D) more E) as

41) Barber and Odean (2001) report that women trade __________ frequently than men. A) less B) less in down markets C) more in up markets D) more E) as

42) Barber and Odean (2001) report that men __________ women. A) earn higher returns than B) earn lower returns than C) earn about the same returns as D) generate lower trading costs than E) None of the options are correct.

43) Barber and Odean (2001) report that women __________ men. A) earn higher returns than B) earn lower returns than C) earn about the same returns as D) generate higher trading costs than E) None of the options are correct.

44) __________ effects can help explain momentum in stock prices. A) Conservatism B) Regret avoidance C) Prospect theory D) Mental accounting E) Model risk

45) Studies of Siamese twin companies find __________, which __________ the efficient

market hypothesis. A) correct relative pricing; supports B) correct relative pricing; does not support C) incorrect relative pricing; supports D) incorrect relative pricing; does not support

46) Studies of equity carve-outs find __________, which __________ the efficient market

hypothesis. A) strong support for the law of one price; supports B) strong support for the law of one price; violates C) evidence against the law of one price; violates D) evidence against the law of one price; supports

47) Studies of closed-end funds find __________, which __________ the efficient market

hypothesis. A) prices at a premium to NAV; is consistent with B) prices at a premium to NAV; is inconsistent with C) prices at a discount to NAV; is consistent with D) prices at a discount to NAV; is inconsistent with E) prices at premiums and discounts to NAV; is inconsistent with

48) __________ measures the extent to which a security has outperformed or underperformed

either the market as a whole or its particular industry. A) Put-call ratio B) Trin ratio C) Breadth D) Relative strength E) All of the options are correct.

49) A decision-making procedure resulting from limited time and attention is called __________. A) heuristics. B) convexity. C) volatility. D) anomalies. E) bias effect.

50) Reliance on recent events could lead to __________. A) heuristics. B) overreaction. C) underreaction. D) anomalies. E) bias effect.

51) Overconfidence about the precision of one’s value-relevant information is consistent with

what anomaly? A) Heuristics B) Overreaction C) Value-versus-growth D) Bias effect E) Intrinsic value

52) An over reliance on patterns can be called _____________ bias. A) heuristic B) overreaction C) value-versus-growth D) representativeness E) extrinsic value

53) This can be an indication of bearish sentiment among sophisticated investors: A) short interest. B) high volume. C) recency news effect. D) a low trine measure. E) a high trine measure.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 12 1) B 2) A 3) D 4) E 5) B 6) A 7) E 8) C 9) B 10) A 11) D 12) A 13) A 14) A 15) B 16) B 17) C 18) B 19) D 20) B 21) C 22) E 23) A 24) E 25) D 26) C 27) D 28) C 29) A 30) B 31) A 32) E 33) D 34) D 35) A 36) A 37) D

38) D 39) C 40) D 41) A 42) B 43) A 44) D 45) D 46) C 47) E 48) D 49) A 50) B 51) C 52) D 53) A

Chapter 13:__________ 1) The expected return/beta relationship is used: A) by regulatory commissions in determining the costs of capital for regulated firms. B) in court rulings to determine discount rates to evaluate claims of lost future incomes. C) to advise clients as to the composition of their portfolios. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

2) The expected return/beta relationship is not used: A) by regulatory commissions in determining the costs of capital for regulated firms. B) in court rulings to determine discount rates to evaluate claims of lost future incomes. C) to advise clients as to the composition of their portfolios. D) by regulatory commissions in determining the costs of capital for regulated firms and

to advise clients as to the composition of their portfolios. E) None of the options are correct.

3) _________ argued in his famous critique that tests of the expected return/beta relationship

are invalid and that it is doubtful that the CAPM can ever be tested. A) Kim B) Markowitz C) Modigliani D) Roll E) None of the options are correct.

4) Fama and MacBeth (1973) found that the relationship between average excess returns and

betas was: A) linear, only. B) nonexistent, only. C) as expected, based on earlier studies, only. D) linear and as expected, based on earlier studies. E) Fama and MacBeth did not examine the relationship between excess returns and beta.

5) In the empirical study of a multifactor model by Chen, Roll, and Ross, a factor (the factors)

that appeared to have significant explanatory power in explaining security returns was (were): A) the change in the expected rate of inflation, only. B) the risk premium on corporate bonds, only. C) the unexpected change in the rate of inflation, only. D) industrial production, only. E) the risk premium on corporate bonds, the unexpected change in the rate of inflation, and industrial production.

6) In the empirical study of a multifactor model by Chen, Roll, and Ross, a factor that did not

appear to have significant explanatory power in explaining security returns was: A) the change in the expected rate of inflation. B) the risk premium on corporate bonds. C) the unexpected change in the rate of inflation. D) industrial production. E) None of the options are correct.

7) In the results of the earliest estimations of the security market line by Lintner (1965) and by

Miller and Scholes (1972), it was found that the average difference between a stock's return and the risk-free rate was ________ to its nonsystematic risk. A) positively related B) negatively related C) unrelated D) related in a nonlinear fashion E) None of the options are correct.

8) In the results of the earliest estimations of the security market line by Miller and Scholes

(1972), it was found that the average difference between a stock's return and the risk-free rate was _________ to its beta. A) positively related B) negatively related C) unrelated D) inversely related E) not proportional

9) In the results of the earliest estimations of the security market line by Miller and Scholes

(1972), it was found that the average difference between a stock's return and the risk-free rate was _________ to its nonsystematic risk and _________ to its beta. A) positively related; negatively related B) negatively related; positively related C) positively related; positively related D) negatively related; negatively related E) not related; not related

10) In the 1972 empirical study by Black, Jensen, and Scholes, they found that the estimated

slope of the security market line was _________ what the CAPM would predict. A) higher than B) equal to C) less than D) twice as much as E) More information is required to answer this question.

11) In the 1972 empirical study by Black, Jensen, and Scholes, they found that the estimated

slope of the security market line was _________ what the CAPM would predict. A) flatter than B) equal to C) steeper than D) one-half as much as E) None of the options are correct.

12) If a professionally-managed portfolio consistently outperforms the market proxy on a risk-

adjusted basis and the market is efficient, it should be concluded that: A) the CAPM is invalid, only. B) the proxy is inadequate, only. C) either the CAPM is invalid, or the proxy is inadequate, only. D) the CAPM is valid and the proxy is adequate, only. E) None of the options are correct.

13) Given the results of the early studies by Lintner (1965) and Miller and Scholes (1972), one

would conclude that: A) high beta stocks tend to outperform the predictions of the CAPM. B) low beta stocks tend to outperform the predictions of the CAPM. C) there is no relationship between beta and the predictions of the CAPM. D) high beta stocks and low beta stocks tend to outperform the predictions of the CAPM. E) None of the options are correct.

14) If a market proxy portfolio consistently beats all professionally-managed portfolios on a risk-

adjusted basis, it may be concluded that: A) the CAPM is valid, only. B) the market proxy is mean/variance efficient, only. C) the CAPM is invalid, only. D) the CAPM is valid and the market proxy is mean/variance efficient. E) the market proxy is mean/variance efficient and the CAPM is invalid.

15) In developing their test of a multifactor model, Chen, Roll, and Ross hypothesized that

_________ might be a proxy for systematic factors. A) the monthly growth rate in industrial production, only, B) unexpected inflation, only, C) expected inflation, only, D) the monthly growth rate in industrial production and unexpected inflation E) the monthly growth rate in industrial production, unexpected inflation, and expected inflation

16) Kandel and Stambaugh (1995) expanded Roll's critique of the CAPM by arguing that tests

rejecting a positive relationship between average return and beta are demonstrating: A) the inefficiency of the market proxy used in the tests. B) that the relationship between average return and beta is not linear. C) that the relationship between average return and beta is negative. D) the need for a better way of explaining security returns. E) None of the options are correct.

17) In the 1972 empirical study by Black, Jensen, and Scholes, they found that the risk-adjusted

returns of high beta portfolios were _________ the risk-adjusted returns of low beta portfolios. A) greater than B) equal to C) less than D) unrelated to E) More information is necessary to answer this question.

18) The research by Fama and French suggesting that CAPM is invalid has generated which of

the following responses? A) Better econometrics should be used in the test procedure. B) Estimates of asset betas need to be improved. C) Theoretical sources and implications of research that contradicts CAPM needs to be reconsidered. D) The single-index model needs to account for nontraded assets and the cyclical behavior of asset betas. E) All of the options are correct.

19) Consider the regression equation:

rit − rft = ai + bi(rmt − rft) + eit where: rit = return on stock i in month t rft = the monthly risk-free rate of return in month t rmt = the return on the market portfolio proxy in month t This regression equation is used to estimate: A) the security characteristic line. B) benchmark error. C) the capital market line. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

20) Consider the regression equation:

ri − rf = g0 + g1b1 + g2s2>(ei) + eit where: ri − rf = the average difference between the monthly return on stock i and the monthly riskfree rate bi = the beta of stock i σ2(ei) = a measure of the nonsystematic variance of the stock i If you estimated this regression equation and the CAPM was valid, you would expect the estimated coefficient, g0, has to be: A) 0. B) 1. C) equal to the risk-free rate of return. D) equal to the average difference between the monthly return on the market portfolio and the monthly risk-free rate. E) None of the options are correct.

21) Consider the regression equation:

ri − rf = g0 + g1bi + g2s2(ei) + eit where: ri − rt = the average difference between the monthly return on stock i and the monthly riskfree rate bi = the beta of stock i s2(ei) = a measure of the nonsystematic variance of the stock i If you estimated this regression equation and the CAPM was valid, you would expect the estimated coefficient, g1, to be: A) 0. B) 1. C) equal to the risk-free rate of return. D) equal to the average difference between the monthly return on the market portfolio and the monthly risk-free rate. E) equal to the average monthly return on the market portfolio.

22) Consider the regression equation:

ri − rf = g0 + g1bi + g2s2(ei) + eit where: ri − rt = the average difference between the monthly return on stock i and the monthly riskfree rate bi = the beta of stock i σ2(ei) = a measure of the nonsystematic variance of the stock i If you estimated this regression equation and the CAPM was valid, you would expect the estimated coefficient, g2, to be: A) 0. B) 1. C) equal to the risk-free rate of return. D) equal to the average difference between the monthly return on the market portfolio and the monthly risk-free rate. E) None of the options are correct.

23) Consider the regression equation:

ri − rf = g0 + g1bi + eit where: ri − rf = the average difference between the monthly return on stock i and the monthly riskfree rate bi = the beta of stock i This regression equation is used to estimate: A) the benchmark error. B) the security market line. C) the capital market line. D) the benchmark error and the security market line. E) the benchmark error, the security market line, and the capital market line.

24) Benchmark error: A) refers to the use of an incorrect market proxy in tests of the CAPM, only. B) can result in inconclusive tests of the CAPM, only. C) can result in incorrect evaluation measures for portfolio managers, only. D) refers to the use of an incorrect market proxy in tests of the CAPM and can result in

inconclusive tests of the CAPM. E) All of the options are correct.

25) The CAPM is not testable unless: A) the exact composition of the true market portfolio is known and used in the tests. B) all individual assets are included in the market proxy. C) the market proxy and the true market portfolio are highly negatively correlated. D) the exact composition of the true market portfolio is known and used in the tests, and

all individual assets are included in the market proxy. E) all individual assets are included in the market proxy and the market proxy, and the true market portfolio are highly negatively correlated.

26) In their multifactor model, Chen, Roll, and Ross found: A) that two market indexes, the equally-weighted NYSE and the value-weighted NYSE,

were not significant predictors of security returns. B) that the value-weighted NYSE index had the incorrect sign, implying a negative market risk premium. C) expected changes in inflation-predicted security returns. D) Both "that two market indexes, the equally-weighted NYSE and the value-weighted NYSE, were not significant predictors of security returns." & "that the valueweighted NYSE index had the incorrect sign, implying a negative market risk premium." E) All of the options are correct.

27) Early tests of the CAPM involved: A) establishing sample data, only. B) estimating the security characteristic line, only. C) estimating the security market line, only. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

28) According to Roll, the only testable hypothesis associated with the CAPM is: A) the number of ex-post mean-variance efficient portfolios. B) the exact composition of the market portfolio. C) whether the market portfolio is mean-variance efficient. D) the SML relationship. E) None of the options are correct.

29) One way that Black, Jensen and Scholes overcame the problem of measurement error was to: A) group securities into portfolios. B) use a two-stage regression methodology. C) reduce the precision of beta estimates. D) set alpha equal to one. E) None of the options are correct.

30) Strongest evidence in support of the CAPM has come from demonstrating that: A) the market beta is equal to 1.0. B) nonsystematic risk has significant explanatory power in estimating security returns. C) the average return-beta relationship is highly significant. D) the intercept in tests of the excess returns-beta relationship is exactly zero. E) professional investors do not generally outperform market indexes, demonstrating

that the market is efficient.

31) Which of the following would be required for tests of the multifactor CAPM and APT? A) Specification of risk factors B) Identification of portfolios that hedge these fundamental risk factors C) Tests of the explanatory power and risk premiums of the hedge portfolios D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

32) Tests of multifactor models indicate: A) the single-factor model has better explanatory power in estimating security returns. B) macroeconomic variables have no explanatory power in estimating security returns. C) it may be possible to hedge some economic factors that affect future-consumption

risk with appropriate portfolios. D) multifactor models do not work. E) None of the options are correct.

33) Fama and French (1992) found that: A) firm size had better explanatory power than beta in describing portfolio returns. B) beta had better explanatory power than firm size in describing portfolio returns. C) beta had better explanatory power than book-to-market ratios in describing portfolio

returns. D) macroeconomic factors had better explanatory power than beta in describing portfolio returns. E) None of the options are correct.

34) Which of the following statements is true about models that attempt to measure the empirical

performance of the CAPM? A) The conventional CAPM works better than the conditional CAPM with human capital. B) The conventional CAPM works about the same as the conditional CAPM with human capital. C) The conditional CAPM with human capital yields a better fit for empirical returns than the conventional CAPM. D) Adding firm size to the model specification dramatically improves the fit. E) Adding firm size to the model specification worsens the fit.

35) Which of the following statements is false about models that attempt to measure the

empirical performance of the CAPM? 1. The conventional CAPM works better than the conditional CAPM with human capital. 2. The conventional CAPM works about the same as the conditional CAPM with human capital. 3. The conditional CAPM with human capital yields a better fit for empirical returns than the conventional CAPM. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II E) II and III

36) A study by Mehra and Prescott (1985) found that historical average excess returns: A) have been too small to be consistent with rational security pricing. B) have been too large to be consistent with rational security pricing. C) have been too small to be consistent with fractional security pricing. D) prove CAPM is incorrect. E) prove the market is efficient.

37) Fama and French (2002) studied the equity premium puzzle by breaking their sample into

subperiods and found that: A) the equity premium was largest throughout the entire 1872-1999 period. B) the equity premium was largest during the 1872-1949 subperiod. C) the equity premium was largest during the 1950-1999 subperiod. D) the differences in equity premiums for the three time periods were statistically insignificant. E) the constant-growth dividend-discount model never works.

38) Which of the following is/are result(s) of the Fama and French (2002) study of the equity

premium puzzle? 1. Average realized returns during 1950-1999 exceeded the internal rate of return (IRR) for corporate investments. 2. The statistical precision of average historical returns is far higher than the precision of estimates from the dividend-discount model (DDM). 3. The reward-to-variability ratio (Sharpe) derived from the DDM is far more stable than that derived from realized returns. 4. There is no difference between DDM estimates and actual returns with regard to IRR, statistical precision, or the Sharpe measure. A) I, II, and III B) I and III C) I and II D) II and III E) IV

39) Equity premium puzzle studies may be subject to survivorship bias because A) the time period covered was not long enough. B) an inappropriate index was used. C) the indexes used did not exist for the whole period of the study. D) both U.S. and foreign data were used. E) only U.S. data was used.

40) Tests of the CAPM that use regression techniques are subject to inaccuracies because A) the statistical results used are almost always incorrect. B) the slope coefficient of the regression equation is biased downward. C) the slope coefficient of the regression equation is biased upward. D) the intercept of the regression equation is biased downward. E) the intercept of the regression equation is equal to the risk-free rate.

41) Which of the following must be done to test the multifactor CAPM or the APT? 1. Specify the risk factors 2. Identify portfolios that hedge the risk factors 3. Test the explanatory power of hedge portfolios 4. Test the risk premiums of hedge portfolios A) I and II B) II and IV C) II and III D) I, II, and IV E) I, II, III, and IV

42) The Fama and French three-factor model uses _________, _________, and _________ as

factors. A) B) C) D) E)

industrial production; term spread; default spread industrial production; inflation; default spread firm size; book-to-market ratio; market index firm size; book-to-market ratio; default spread None of the options are correct.

43) The Fama and French three-factor model does not use _________ as one of the explanatory

factors. A) B) C) D) E)

industrial production market firm size book-to-market ratio None of the option are correct.

44) Jagannathan and Wang (2006) find that the CCAPM explains returns _________ the Fama-

French three-factor model, and that the Fama-French three-factor model explains returns _________ the traditional CAPM. A) worse than; worse than B) worse than; better than C) better than; better than D) better than; worse than E) equally as well as; equally as well as

45) A major finding by Heaton and Lucas (2000) is that: A) the market rate of return does not help explain the rate of return of individual

securities, and CAPM must be rejected. B) the market rate of return does explain the rate of return of individual securities. C) the change in proprietary wealth helps explain the rate of return of individual securities. D) All of the options are correct E) None of the options are correct.

46) Liew and Vassalou (2000) show that returns on style portfolios (SMB and HML): A) seem like statistical flukes. B) seem to predict GDP growth. C) may be proxies for business cycle risk. D) Both "seem to predict GDP growth." & "may be proxies for business cycle risk." are

correct. E) None of the options are correct.

47) Petkova and Zhang (2005) examine the relationship between beta and the market risk

premium and find: A) a countercyclical beta is negative in good economies and positive in bad economies. B) the beta of the HML portfolio is negative in good economies and positive in bad economies. C) a cyclical beta is positive in good economies and negative in bad economies. D) the beta of the HML portfolio is positive in good economies and negative in bad economies. E) a countercyclical beta and the beta of the HML portfolio are negative in good economies and positive in bad economies.

48) Studies by Chan, Karceski, and Lakonishok (2003) and La Porta, Lakonishok, Shleifer, and

Vishny (1997) report that: A) the value premium is a manifestation of market irrationality. B) the value premium is a rational risk premia. C) the value premium is a statistical artifact found only in the U.S. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

49) The Fama-French model: 1. is a useful tool for benchmarking performance against a well defined set of factors. 2. premia are determined by market irrationality. 3. premia are determined by rational risk factors. 4. is not a useful tool for benchmarking performance against a well-defined set of factors. A) I only B) IV only C) I and II D) I and IV E) II and IV

50) An extension of the Fama-French three-factor model was introduced by: A) Black. B) Scholes. C) Carhart. D) Jensen. E) Miller.

51) An extension of the Fama-French three-factor model includes a fourth factor to measure: A) default spread. B) term spread. C) momentum. D) industrial production. E) inflation.

52) Liquidity embodies several characteristics, such as: A) trading costs. B) ease of sale. C) market depth. D) necessary price concessions to affect a quick transaction. E) All of the options are correct.

53) Which of the following is NOT an addition to the Fama and French (1992) model. A) turnover B) volatility C) trin statistic D) working capital accruals E) All are correct.

54) Which of the following factors will have a negative slope? A) book-to-market ratio B) momentum C) beta D) turnover E) None of the above are correct.

55) Which of the following factors will have a positive slope? A) size B) sales C) accruals in net working capital D) volatility E) dividend yield

56) The liquidity of illiquid stocks with high liquidity betas that generate higher average returns

is referred to as a(n) _________. A) premium. B) alpha. C) market inefficiency. D) priced factor. E) None of the options are correct.

57) The seller of an asset with limited buyers may suffer from reduced prices. This could be a

result of market _________. A) premiums. B) illiquidity. C) factors. D) priced factor. E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 13 1) D 2) E 3) D 4) D 5) E 6) A 7) A 8) A 9) C 10) C 11) A 12) C 13) B 14) D 15) E 16) A 17) C 18) E 19) A 20) A 21) D 22) A 23) B 24) E 25) D 26) D 27) D 28) C 29) A 30) E 31) D 32) C 33) A 34) C 35) D 36) B 37) C

38) B 39) E 40) B 41) E 42) C 43) A 44) C 45) D 46) D 47) E 48) A 49) A 50) C 51) C 52) E 53) C 54) D 55) B 56) D 57) B

Chapter 14:__________ 1) The current yield on a bond is equal to: A) annual interest payment divided by the current market price. B) the yield to maturity. C) annual interest divided by the par value. D) the internal rate of return. E) None of the options are correct.

2) If a 7% coupon bond is trading for $975.00, it has a current yield of: A) 7.00%. B) 6.53%. C) 7.24%. D) 8.53%. E) 7.18%.

3) If a 7.25% coupon bond is trading for $982.00, it has a current yield of: A) 7.38%. B) 6.53%. C) 7.25%. D) 8.53%. E) 7.18%.

4) If a 6.75% coupon bond is trading for $1,016.00, it has a current yield of: A) 7.38%. B) 6.64%. C) 7.25%. D) 8.53%. E) 7.18%.

5) If a 7.75% coupon bond is trading for $1,019.00, it has a current yield of: A) 7.38%. B) 6.64%. C) 7.25%. D) 7.61%. E) 7.18%.

6) If a 6% coupon bond is trading for $950.00, it has a current yield of: A) 6.50%. B) 6.32%. C) 6.15%. D) 6.00%. E) 6.67%.

7) If an 8% coupon bond is trading for $1,025.00, it has a current yield of: A) 7.80%. B) 8.70%. C) 7.64%. D) 7.92%. E) 8.10%.

8) If a 7.5% coupon bond is trading for $1,050.00, it has a current yield of: A) 7.05%. B) 7.44%. C) 7.14%. D) 6.90%. E) 6.75%.

9) A coupon bond pays annual interest, has a par value of $1,000, matures in four years, has a

coupon rate of 10%, and has a yield to maturity of 12%. The current yield on this bond is: A) 10.65%. B) 10.45%. C) 10.95%. D) 10.52%. E) None of the options are correct.

10) A coupon bond pays annual interest, has a par value of $1,000, matures in four years, has a

coupon rate of 8.25%, and has a yield to maturity of 8.64%. The current yield on this bond is: A) 8.65%. B) 8.45%. C) 7.95%. D) 8.36%. E) None of the options are correct.

11) A coupon bond pays annual interest, has a par value of $1,000, matures in 12 years, has a

coupon rate of 11%, and has a yield to maturity of 12%. The current yield on this bond is: A) 10.39%. B) 10.43%. C) 10.58%. D) 11.73%. E) None of the options are correct.

12) A coupon bond pays annual interest, has a par value of $1,000, matures in 12 years, has a

coupon rate of 8.7%, and has a yield to maturity of 7.9%. The current yield on this bond is: A) 8.39%. B) 8.43%. C) 8.83%. D) 8.66%. E) None of the options are correct.

13) Of the following five investments, _________ is (are) considered the safest. A) commercial paper B) corporate bonds C) U.S. agency issues D) Treasury bonds E) Treasury bills

14) Of the following five investments, _________ is (are) considered the least risky. A) Treasury bills B) corporate bonds C) U.S. agency issues D) Treasury bonds E) commercial paper

15) To earn a high rating from the bond-rating agencies, a firm should have: A) a low times-interest-earned ratio, only. B) a low debt-to-equity ratio, only. C) a high quick ratio, only. D) a low debt-to-equity ratio and a high quick ratio. E) a low times-interest-earned ratio and a high quick ratio.

16) A firm with a low rating from the bond-rating agencies would have: A) a low times-interest-earned ratio, only. B) a low debt-to-equity ratio, only. C) a low quick ratio, only. D) a low debt-to-equity ratio and a low quick ratio. E) a low times-interest-earned ratio and a low quick ratio.

17) At issue, coupon bonds typically sell: A) above par value. B) below par value. C) at or near par value. D) at a value unrelated to par. E) None of the options are correct.

18) Accrued interest: A) is quoted in the bond price in the financial press. B) must be paid by the buyer of the bond and remitted to the seller of the bond. C) must be paid to the broker for the inconvenience of selling bonds between maturity

dates. D) is quoted in the bond price in the financial press and must be paid by the buyer of the bond and remitted to the seller of the bond. E) is quoted in the bond price in the financial press and must be paid to the broker for the inconvenience of selling bonds between maturity dates.

19) The invoice price of a bond that a buyer would pay is equal to: A) the asked price plus accrued interest. B) the asked price less accrued interest. C) the bid price plus accrued interest. D) the bid price less accrued interest. E) the bid price.

20) An 8% coupon U.S. Treasury note pays interest on May 30 and November 30 and is traded

for settlement on August 15. The accrued interest on the $100,000 face value of this note, assuming a semiannual coupon period of 182 days, is: A) $491.80. B) $800.00. C) $983.61. D) $1,692.31. E) None of the options are correct.

21) A coupon bond is reported as having an ask price of 108% of the $1,000 par value in the

Wall Street Journal. If the last interest payment was made one month (30 days) ago (assuming a semiannual coupon period of 182 days) and the coupon rate is 9%, the invoice price of the bond will be: A) $1,087.42. B) $1,110.10. C) $1,150.00. D) $1,080.00. E) None of the options are correct.

22) A coupon bond is reported as having an ask price of 113% of the $1,000 par value in the

Wall Street Journal. If the last interest payment was made two months (60 days) ago (assuming a semiannual coupon period of 182 days) and the coupon rate is 12%, the invoice price of the bond will be: A) $1,100. B) $1,110. C) $1,150. D) $1,160. E) None of the options are correct.

23) The bonds of Amazon have received a rating of "B" by Moody's. The "B" rating indicates: A) the bonds are insured, only. B) the bonds are junk bonds, only. C) the bonds are referred to as "high-yield" bonds, only. D) the bonds are insured or junk bonds. E) the bonds are "high-yield" or junk bonds.

24) The bond market: A) can be quite "thick," or heavily traded. B) primarily consists of a network of bond dealers on an exchange. C) is mostly composed of exchange traded funds. D) can be quite "thin" and primarily consists of a network of bond dealers in the over-

the-counter market. E) primarily consists of a network of bond dealers on an exchange and consists of many investors on any given day.

25) Ceteris paribus, the price and yield on a bond are: A) positively related. B) negatively related. C) sometimes positively and sometimes negatively related. D) not related. E) indefinitely related.

26) The _________ is a measure of the average rate of return an investor will earn if the investor

buys the bond now and holds until maturity. A) current yield B) dividend yield C) P/E ratio D) yield to maturity E) discount yield

27) The _________ gives the number of shares for which each convertible bond can be

exchanged. A) conversion ratio B) current ratio C) P/E ratio D) conversion premium E) convertible floor

28) A coupon bond is a bond that: A) pays interest on a regular basis (typically every six months). B) does not pay interest on a regular basis but pays a lump sum at maturity. C) can always be converted into a specific number of shares of common stock in the

issuing company. D) always sells at par value. E) None of the options are correct.

29) A _________ bond is a bond where the bondholder has the right to cash in the bond before

maturity at a specified price after a specific date. A) callable B) coupon C) put D) Treasury E) zero-coupon

30) Callable bonds: A) are called when interest rates decline appreciably. B) have a call price that declines as time passes. C) are called when interest rates increase appreciably. D) are more likely to be called when interest rates decline and have a call price that

declines as time passes. E) have a call price that declines as time passes and are called when interest rates increase appreciably.

31) A Treasury bond due in one year has a yield of 5.7%; a Treasury bond due in 5 years has a

yield of 6.2%. A bond issued by Ford due in 5 years has a yield of 7.5%; a bond issued by Shell Oil due in one year has a yield of 6.5%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Shell and Ford, respectively, are: A) 1.0% and 1.2%. B) 0.7% and 1.5%. C) 1.2% and 1.0%. D) 0.8% and 1.3%. E) None of the options are correct.

32) A Treasury bond due in one year has a yield of 4.6%; a Treasury bond due in five years has a

yield of 5.6%. A bond issued by Lucent Technologies due in five years has a yield of 8.9%; a bond issued by Exxon due in one year has a yield of 6.2%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Exxon and Lucent Technologies, respectively, are: A) 1.6% and 3.3%. B) 0.5% and 0.7%. C) 3.3% and 1.6%. D) 0.7% and 0.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

33) A Treasury bond due in one year has a yield of 6.2%; a Treasury bond due in five years has a

yield of 6.7%. A bond issued by Xerox due in five years has a yield of 7.9%; a bond issued by Exxon due in one year has a yield of 7.2%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Exxon and Xerox, respectively, are: A) 1.0% and 1.2%. B) 0.5% and 0.7%. C) 1.2% and 1.0%. D) 0.7% and 0.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

34) A Treasury bond due in one year has a yield of 4.3%; a Treasury bond due in five years has a

yield of 5.06%. A bond issued by Boeing due in five years has a yield of 7.63%; a bond issued by Caterpillar due in one year has a yield of 7.16%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Boeing and Caterpillar, respectively, are: A) 3.33% and 2.10%. B) 2.57% and 2.86%. C) 1.2% and 1.0%. D) 0.76% and 0.47%. E) None of the options are correct.

35) Floating-rate bonds are designed to _________, while convertible bonds are designed to

_________. A) minimize the holders' interest rate risk; give the investor the ability to share in the price appreciation of the company's stock B) maximize the holders' interest rate risk; give the investor the ability to share in the price appreciation of the company's stock C) minimize the holders' interest rate risk; give the investor the ability to benefit from interest rate changes D) maximize the holders' interest rate risk; give investor the ability to share in the profits of the issuing company E) None of the options are correct.

36) A coupon bond that pays interest annually is selling at a par value of $1,000, matures in five

years, and has a coupon rate of 9%. The yield to maturity on this bond is: A) 8.0%. B) 8.3%. C) 9.0%. D) 10.0%. E) None of the options are correct.

37) A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually is selling at a par value of $1,000, matures in

seven years, and has a coupon rate of 8.6%. The yield to maturity on this bond is: A) 8.0%. B) 8.6%. C) 9.0%. D) 10.0%. E) None of the options are correct.

38) A coupon bond that pays interest annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in five years,

and has a yield to maturity of 10%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 7%. A) $712.99 B) $620.92 C) $1,123.01 D) $886.28 E) $1,000.00

39) A coupon bond that pays interest annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in seven years,

and has a yield to maturity of 9.3%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 8.5%. A) $712.99 B) $960.14 C) $1,123.01 D) $886.28 E) $1,000.00

40) A coupon bond that pays interest annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in five years,

and has a yield to maturity of 10%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 12%. A) $922.77 B) $924.16 C) $1,075.82 D) $1,077.20 E) None of the options are correct.

41) A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in five

years, and has a yield to maturity of 10%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 8%. A) $922.78 B) $924.16 C) $1,075.80 D) $1,077.20 E) None of the options are correct.

42) A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in seven

years, and has a yield to maturity of 9.3%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 9.5%. A) $922.77 B) $1,010.12 C) $1,075.80 D) $1,077.22 E) None of the options are correct.

43) A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in five

years, and has a yield to maturity of 10%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 12%. A) $922.77 B) $924.16 C) $1,075.80 D) $1,077.22 E) None of the options are correct.

44) A coupon bond that pays interest of $100 annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in five

years, and is selling today at a $72 discount from par value. The yield to maturity on this bond is: A) 6.00%. B) 8.33%. C) 12.00%. D) 60.00%. E) None of the options are correct.

45) You purchased an annual interest coupon bond one year ago that now has six years

remaining until maturity. The coupon rate of interest was 10%, and par value was $1,000. At the time you purchased the bond, the yield to maturity was 8%. The amount you paid for this bond one year ago was: A) $1,057.50. B) $1,075.50. C) $1,088.50. D) $1.092.46. E) $1,104.13.

46) You purchased an annual interest coupon bond one year ago that had six years remaining to

maturity at that time. The coupon interest rate was 10%, and the par value was $1,000. At the time you purchased the bond, the yield to maturity was 8%. If you sold the bond after receiving the first interest payment and the yield to maturity continued to be 8%, your annual total rate of return on holding the bond for that year would have been: A) 7.00%. B) 7.82%. C) 8.00%. D) 11.95%. E) None of the options are correct.

47) Consider two bonds, A and B. Both bonds presently are selling at their par value of $1,000.

Each pays interest of $120 annually. Bond A will mature in five years, while bond B will mature in six years. If the yields to maturity on the two bonds change from 12% to 10%, A) both bonds will increase in value, but bond A will increase more than bond B. B) both bonds will increase in value, but bond B will increase more than bond A. C) both bonds will decrease in value, but bond A will decrease more than bond B. D) both bonds will decrease in value, but bond B will decrease more than bond A. E) None of the options are correct.

48) A zero-coupon bond has a yield to maturity of 9% and a par value of $1,000. If the bond

matures in eight years, the bond should sell for a price of _________ today. (Note: Assume annual compounding.) A) $422.41 B) $501.87. C) $513.16 D) $483.49 E) None of the options are correct.

49) You have just purchased a 10-year zero-coupon bond with a yield to maturity of 10% and a

par value of $1,000. What would be your rate of return at the end of the year if you sell the bond? Assume the yield to maturity on the bond is 11% at the time you sell. (Note: Assume annual compounding.) A) 10.00% B) 20.42% C) 13.8% D) 1.4% E) None of the options are correct.

50) A Treasury bill with a par value of $100,000 due one month from now is selling today for

$99,010. The effective annual yield is: A) 12.40%. B) 12.55%. C) 12.62%. D) 12.68%. E) None of the options are correct.

51) A Treasury bill with a par value of $100,000 due two months from now is selling today for

$98,039 with an effective annual yield of: A) 12.40%. B) 12.55%. C) 12.62%. D) 12.68%. E) None of the options are correct.

52) A Treasury bill with a par value of $100,000 due three months from now is selling today for

$97,087 with an effective annual yield of: A) 12.40%. B) 12.55%. C) 12.62%. D) 12.68%. E) None of the options are correct.

53) A coupon bond pays interest semi-annually, matures in five years, has a par value of $1,000,

a coupon rate of 12%, and an effective annual yield to maturity of 10.25%. The price the bond should sell for today is: A) $922.77. B) $924.16. C) $1,075.80. D) $1,077.22. E) None of the options are correct.

54) A convertible bond has a par value of $1,000 and a current market price of $850. The current

price of the issuing firm's stock is $29, and the conversion ratio is 30 shares. The bond's market conversion value is: A) $729. B) $810. C) $870. D) $1,000. E) None of the options are correct.

55) A convertible bond has a par value of $1,000 and a current market value of $850. The current

price of the issuing firm's stock is $27, and the conversion ratio is 30 shares. The bond's conversion premium is: A) $40. B) $150. C) $190. D) $200. E) None of the options are correct.

56) Consider the following $1,000-par-value zero-coupon bonds: Bond Years of Maturity Price A 1 $ 909.09 B 2 811.62 C 3 711.78 D 4 635.52

The yield to maturity on bond A is: A) 10%. B) 11%. C) 12%. D) 14%. E) None of the options are correct.

57) Consider the following $1,000-par-value zero-coupon bonds: Bond Years of Maturity Price A 1 $ 909.09 B 2 811.62 C 3 711.78 D 4 635.52

The yield to maturity on bond B is: A) 10%. B) 11%. C) 12%. D) 14%. E) None of the options are correct.

58) Consider the following $1,000-par-value zero-coupon bonds: Bond Years of Maturity Price A 1 $ 909.09 B 2 811.62 C 3 711.78 D 4 635.52

The yield to maturity on bond C is: A) 10%. B) 11%. C) 12%. D) 14%. E) None of the options are correct.

59) Consider the following $1,000-par-value zero-coupon bonds: Bond Years of Maturity Price A 1 $ 909.09 B 2 811.62 C 3 711.78 D 4 635.52

The yield to maturity on bond D is: A) 10%. B) 11%. C) 12%. D) 14%. E) None of the options are correct.

60) A 10% coupon bond with annual payments and 10 years to maturity is callable in three years

at a call price of $1,100. If the bond is selling today for $975, the yield to call is: A) 10.26%. B) 10.00%. C) 9.25%. D) 13.98%. E) None of the options are correct.

61) A 12% coupon bond with semi-annual payments is callable in five years. The call price is

$1,120. If the bond is selling today for $1,110, what is the yield to call? A) 12.03% B) 10.86% C) 10.95% D) 9.14% E) None of the options are correct.

62) A 10% coupon bond maturing in 10 years that requires annual payments is expected to make

all coupon payments but to pay only 50% of par value at maturity. What is the expected yield on this bond if the bond is purchased for $975? A) 10.00% B) 6.68% C) 11.00% D) 8.68% E) None of the options are correct.

63) You purchased an annual-interest coupon bond one year ago with six years remaining to

maturity at the time of purchase. The coupon interest rate is 10%, and par value is $1,000. At the time you purchased the bond, the yield to maturity was 8%. If you sold the bond after receiving the first interest payment and the bond's yield to maturity had changed to 7%, your annual total rate of return on holding the bond for that year would have been: A) 7.00%. B) 8.00%. C) 9.95%. D) 11.95%. E) None of the options are correct.

64) The _________ is used to calculate the present value of a bond. A) nominal yield B) current yield C) yield to maturity D) yield to call E) None of the options are correct.

65) The yield to maturity on a bond is: A) below the coupon rate when the bond sells at a discount and equal to the coupon rate

when the bond sells at a premium. B) the discount rate that will set the present value of the payments equal to the bond price. C) based on the assumption that any payments received are reinvested at the coupon rate. D) None of the options are correct. E) All of the options are correct.

66) A bond will sell at a discount when: A) the coupon rate is greater than the current yield, and the current yield is greater than

yield to maturity. B) the coupon rate is greater than yield to maturity. C) the coupon rate is less than the current yield, and the current yield is greater than the yield to maturity. D) the coupon rate is less than the current yield, and the current yield is less than yield to maturity. E) None of the options are true.

67) Consider a 5-year bond with a 10% coupon that has a present yield to maturity of 8%. If

interest rates remain constant, one year from now, the price of this bond will be: A) higher. B) lower. C) the same. D) $1,000. E) Cannot be determined.

68) A bond has a par value of $1,000, a time to maturity of 20 years, a coupon rate of 10% with

interest paid annually, a current price of $850, and a yield to maturity of 12%. Intuitively and without using calculations, if interest payments are reinvested at 10%, the realized compound yield on this bond must be: A) 10.00%. B) 10.90%. C) 12.00%. D) 12.45%. E) None of the options are intuitively correct.

69) A bond with a 12% coupon, 10 years to maturity, and selling at $88.00 has a yield to

maturity of: A) over 14%. B) between 13% and 14%. C) between 12% and 13%. D) between 10% and 12%. E) less than 12%.

70) Using semi-annual compounding, a 15-year zero-coupon bond that has a par value of $1,000

and a required return of 8% would be priced at approximately: A) $308. B) $315. C) $464. D) $555. E) None of the options are correct.

71) The yield to maturity of a 20-year zero-coupon bond that is selling for $372.50, priced

annually, with a value at maturity of $1,000 is: A) 5.1%. B) 8.8%. C) 10.8%. D) 13.4%. E) None of the options are correct.

72) Which one of the following statements about convertibles is true? A) The longer the call protection on a convertible, the less the security is worth. B) The more volatile the underlying stock, the greater the value of the conversion

feature. C) The smaller the spread between the dividend yield on the stock and the yield-tomaturity on the bond, the more the convertible is worth. D) The collateral that is used to secure a convertible bond is one reason convertibles are more attractive than the underlying stock. E) Convertibles are not callable.

73) Which one of the following statements about convertibles are false? 1. The longer the call protection on a convertible, the less the security is worth. 2. The more volatile the underlying stock, the greater the value of the conversion feature. 3. The smaller the spread between the dividend yield on the stock and the yield-to-maturity

on the bond, the more the convertible is worth. 4. The collateral that is used to secure a convertible bond is one reason convertibles are more attractive than the underlying stock. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 1 and 3 D) 4 only E) 1, 3, and 4

74) Consider a $1,000-par-value 20-year zero-coupon bond issued at a yield to maturity of 10%,

priced annually. If you buy that bond when it is issued and continue to hold the bond as yields decline to 9%, the imputed interest income for the first year of that bond is: A) zero. B) $14.87. C) $45.85. D) $7.44. E) None of the options are correct.

75) The bond indenture includes: A) the coupon rate of the bond. B) the par value of the bond. C) the maturity date of the bond. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

76) Most corporate bonds are traded: A) on a formal exchange operated by the New York Stock Exchange. B) by the issuing corporation. C) over the counter by bond dealers linked by a computer quotation system. D) on a formal exchange operated by the American Stock Exchange. E) on a formal exchange operated by the Philadelphia Stock Exchange.

77) The process of retiring high-coupon debt and issuing new bonds at a lower coupon to reduce

interest payments is called: A) deferral. B) reissue. C) repurchase. D) refunding. E) None of the options are correct.

78) Convertible bonds: A) give their holders the ability to share in price appreciation of the underlying stock. B) offer lower coupon rates than similar nonconvertible bonds. C) offer higher coupon rates than similar nonconvertible bonds. D) give their holders the ability to share in price appreciation of the underlying stock and

offer lower coupon rates than similar nonconvertible bonds. E) give their holders the ability to share in price appreciation of the underlying stock and offer higher coupon rates than similar nonconvertible bonds.

79) TIPS are: A) securities formed from the coupon payments only of government bonds. B) securities formed from the principal payments only of government bonds. C) government bonds with par value linked to the general level of prices. D) government bonds with coupon rates linked to the general level of prices. E) zero-coupon government bonds.

80) Altman’s Z scores are assigned based on a firm's financial characteristics and are used to

predict: A) required coupon rates for new bond issues. B) bankruptcy risk. C) the likelihood of a firm becoming a takeover target. D) the probability of a bond issue being called. E) None of the options are correct.

81) When a bond indenture includes a sinking fund provision, A) firms must establish an equity fund for future bond redemption. B) bondholders always benefit because principal repayment on the scheduled maturity

date is guaranteed. C) bondholders may lose because their bonds can be repurchased by the corporation at below-market prices. D) firms must establish a cash fund for future bond redemption, and bondholders always benefit because principal repayment on the scheduled maturity date is guaranteed. E) None of the options are true.

82) Subordination clauses in bond indentures: A) may restrict the amount of additional borrowing the firm can undertake. B) are always bad for investors. C) provide higher priority to senior creditors in the event of bankruptcy. D) may restrict the amount of additional borrowing the firm can undertake and provide

higher priority to senior creditors in the event of bankruptcy. E) All of the options are true.

83) Collateralized bonds: A) rely on the general earning power of the firm for the bond's safety. B) are backed by specific assets of the issuing firm. C) are considered the safest variety of non-sovereign bonds. D) are backed by specific assets of the issuing firm and are generally considered the

safest variety of non-sovereign bonds. E) All of the options are true.

84) Debt securities are often called fixed-income securities because: A) the government fixes the maximum rate that can be paid on bonds. B) they are held predominantly by older people who are living on fixed incomes. C) they pay a fixed amount at maturity. D) they promise either a fixed stream of income or a stream of income determined by a

specific formula. E) they were the first type of investment offered to the public which allowed them to "fix" their income at a higher level by investing in bonds.

85) A zero-coupon bond is one that: A) effectively has a zero-percent coupon rate. B) pays interest to the investor based on the general level of interest rates rather than at a

specified coupon rate. C) pays interest to the investor without requiring the actual coupon to be mailed to the corporation. D) is issued by state governments because they don't have to pay interest. E) is analyzed primarily by focusing ("zeroing in") on the coupon rate.

86) Swingin' Soiree, Incorporated is a firm that has its main office on the Right Bank in Paris.

The firm just issued bonds with a final payment amount that depends on whether the Seine River floods. This type of bond is known as: A) a contingency bond. B) a catastrophe bond. C) an emergency bond. D) an incident bond. E) an eventuality bond.

87) One year ago, you purchased a newly-issued TIPS bond that has a 6% coupon rate, five years

to maturity, and a par value of $1,000. The average inflation rate over the year was 4.2%. What is the amount of the coupon payment you will receive, and what is the current face value of the bond? A) $60.00, $1,000 B) $42.00, $1,042 C) $60.00, $1,042 D) $62.52, $1,042 E) $102.00, $1,000

88) Bond analysts might be more interested in a bond's yield to call if: A) the bond's yield to maturity is insufficient. B) the firm has called some of its bonds in the past. C) the investor only plans to hold the bond until its first call date. D) interest rates are expected to rise. E) interest rates are expected to fall.

89) What is the relationship between the price of a straight bond and the price of a callable bond? A) The straight bond's price will be higher than the callable bond's price for low interest

rates. B) The straight bond's price will be lower than the callable bond's price for low interest rates. C) The straight bond's price will change as interest rates change, but the callable bond's price will stay the same. D) The straight bond and the callable bond will have the same price. E) There is no consistent relationship between the two types of bonds.

90) Three years ago, you purchased a bond for $974.69. The bond had three years to maturity, a

coupon rate of 8%, paid annually, and a face value of $1,000. Each year, you reinvested all coupon interest at the prevailing reinvestment rate shown in the table below. Today is the bond's maturity date. What is your realized compound yield on the bond? Time 0 (purchase date) 1 2 3 (maturity date) A) B) C) D) E)

Prevailing Reinvestment Rate 6.0% 7.2% 9.4% 8.2%

6.43% 7.96% 8.23% 8.97% 9.13%

91) Which of the following is not a type of international bond? A) Samurai bonds B) Yankee bonds C) Bulldog bonds D) Municipal bonds E) All of the options are international bonds.

92) A coupon bond that pays interest annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in six years,

and has a yield to maturity of 11%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 7.5%. A) $712.99 B) $851.93 C) $1,123.01 D) $886.28 E) $1,000.00

93) A coupon bond that pays interest annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in eight years,

and has a yield to maturity of 9%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 6%. A) $833.96 B) $620.92 C) $1,123.01 D) $886.28 E) $1,000.00

94) A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in six

years, and has a yield to maturity of 9%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 9%. A) $922.78 B) $924.16 C) $1,075.80 D) $1,000.00 E) None of the options are correct.

95) A coupon bond that pays interest semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in seven

years, and has a yield to maturity of 11%. The intrinsic value of the bond today will be _________ if the coupon rate is 8.8%. A) $922.78 B) $894.51 C) $1,075.80 D) $1,077.20 E) None of the options are correct.

96) A coupon bond that pays interest of $90 annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in nine

years, and is selling today at a $66 discount from par value. The yield to maturity on this bond is: A) 9.00%. B) 10.15%. C) 11.25%. D) 12.32%. E) None of the options are correct.

97) A coupon bond that pays interest of $40 semi-annually has a par value of $1,000, matures in

four years, and is selling today at a $36 discount from par value. The yield to maturity on this bond is: A) 8.69%. B) 9.09%. C) 10.43%. D) 9.76%. E) None of the options are correct.

98) You purchased an annual interest coupon bond one year ago that now has 18 years remaining

until maturity. The coupon rate of interest was 11%, and par value was $1,000. At the time you purchased the bond, the yield to maturity was 10%. The amount you paid for this bond one year ago was: A) $1,057.50. B) $1,075.50. C) $1,083.65. D) $1.092.46. E) $1,104.13.

99) You purchased an annual interest coupon bond one year ago that had nine years remaining to

maturity at that time. The coupon interest rate was 10%, and the par value was $1,000. At the time you purchased the bond, the yield to maturity was 8%. If you sold the bond after receiving the first interest payment and the yield to maturity continued to be 8%, your annual total rate of return on holding the bond for that year would have been: A) 8.00%. B) 7.82%. C) 7.00%. D) 11.95%. E) None of the options are correct.

100)

Consider two bonds, F and G. Both bonds presently are selling at their par value of $1,000. Each pays interest of $90 annually. Bond F will mature in 15 years while bond G will mature in 26 years. If the yields to maturity on the two bonds change from 9% to 10%, A) both bonds will increase in value, but bond F will increase more than bond G. B) both bonds will increase in value, but bond G will increase more than bond F. C) both bonds will decrease in value, but bond F will decrease more than bond G. D) both bonds will decrease in value, but bond G will decrease more than bond F. E) None of the options are correct.

101)

A zero-coupon bond has a yield to maturity of 12% and a par value of $1,000. If the bond matures in 18 years, the bond should sell for a price of _________ today. (Note: Assume annual compounding.) A) $422.41 B) $501.87 C) $513.16 D) $130.04 E) None of the options are correct.

102)

A zero-coupon bond has a yield to maturity of 11% and a par value of $1,000. If the bond matures in 27 years, the bond should sell for a price of _________ today. (Note: Assume annual compounding.) A) $59.74 B) $501.87 C) $513.16 D) $483.49 E) None of the options are correct.

103)

You have just purchased a 12-year zero-coupon bond with a yield to maturity of 9% and a par value of $1,000. What would your rate of return at the end of the year be if you sell the bond? Assume the yield to maturity on the bond is 10% at the time you sell. (Note: Assume annual compounding.) A) 10.00% B) 20.42% C) −1.42% D) 1.42% E) None of the options are correct.

104)

You have just purchased a 7-year zero-coupon bond with a yield to maturity of 11% and a par value of $1,000. What would your rate of return at the end of the year be if you sell the bond? Assume the yield to maturity on the bond is 9% at the time you sell. (Note: Assume annual compounding.) A) 10.00% B) 23.8% C) 13.8% D) 1.4% E) None of the options are correct.

105)

A convertible bond has a par value of $1,000 and a current market price of $975. The current price of the issuing firm's stock is $42, and the conversion ratio is 22 shares. The bond's market conversion value is: A) $729. B) $924. C) $870. D) $1,000. E) None of the options are correct.

106)

A convertible bond has a par value of $1,000 and a current market price of $1,105. The current price of the issuing firm's stock is $20, and the conversion ratio is 35 shares. The bond's market conversion value is A) $700. B) $810. C) $870. D) $1,000. E) None of the options are correct.

107)

A convertible bond has a par value of $1,000 and a current market value of $950. The current price of the issuing firm's stock is $22, and the conversion ratio is 40 shares. The bond's conversion premium is: A) $40. B) $70. C) $190. D) $200. E) None of the options are correct.

108)

A convertible bond has a par value of $1,000 and a current market value of $1,150. The current price of the issuing firm's stock is $65, and the conversion ratio is 15 shares. The bond's conversion premium is: A) $40. B) $150. C) $175. D) $200. E) None of the options are correct.

109)

If a 7% coupon bond that pays interest every 182 days paid interest 32 days ago, the accrued interest would be: A) $5.67. B) $7.35. C) $6.35. D) $6.15. E) $7.12.

110)

If a 7.5% coupon bond that pays interest every 182 days paid interest 62 days ago, the accrued interest would be: A) $11.67. B) $12.35. C) $12.77. D) $11.98. E) $12.15.

111)

If a 9% coupon bond that pays interest every 182 days paid interest 112 days ago, the accrued interest would be: A) $27.69. B) $27.35. C) $26.77. D) $27.98. E) $28.15.

112)

A 7% coupon bond with an ask price of $100.00 pays interest every 182 days. If the bond paid interest 32 days ago, the invoice price of the bond would be: A) $1,005.67. B) $1,007.35. C) $1,006.35. D) $1,006.15. E) $1,007.12.

113)

A 7.5% coupon bond with an ask price of $100.00 pays interest every 182 days. If the bond paid interest 62 days ago, the invoice price of the bond would be: A) $1,011.67. B) $1,012.35. C) $1,012.77. D) $1,011.98. E) $1,012.15.

114)

A 9% coupon bond with an ask price of 100:00 pays interest every 182 days. If the bond paid interest 112 days ago, the invoice price of the bond would be: A) $1,027.69. B) $1,027.35. C) $1,026.77. D) $1,027.98. E) $1,028.15.

115)

One year ago, you purchased a newly-issued TIPS bond that has a 5% coupon rate, five years to maturity, and a par value of $1,000. The average inflation rate over the year was 3.2%. What is the amount of the coupon payment you will receive, and what is the current face value of the bond? A) $50.00, $1,000 B) $32.00, $1,032 C) $50.00, $1,032 D) $32.00, $1,050 E) $51.60, $1,032

116)

One year ago, you purchased a newly-issued TIPS bond that has a 4% coupon rate, five years to maturity, and a par value of $1,000. The average inflation rate over the year was 3.6%. What is the amount of the coupon payment you will receive, and what is the current face value of the bond? A) $40.00, $1,000 B) $41.44, $1,036 C) $40.00, $1,036 D) $36.00, $1,040 E) $76.00, $1,000

117)

A CDO is a: A) command duty officer. B) collateralized debt obligation. C) commercial debt originator. D) collateralized debenture originator. E) common debt officer.

118)

A CDS is a: A) command duty supervisor. B) collateralized debt security. C) commercial debt servicer. D) collateralized debenture security. E) credit default swap.

119)

A credit default swap is: A) a fancy term for a low-risk bond. B) an insurance policy on the default risk of a federal government bond or loan. C) an insurance policy on the default risk of a corporate bond or loan. D) an insurance policy on the default risk of federal government and corporate bonds and loans. E) None of the options are correct.

120)

The compensation from a CDS can come from: A) the CDS holder delivering the defaulted bond to the CDS issuer in return for the bond's par value. B) the CDS issuer paying the swap holder the difference between the par value of the bond and the bond's market price. C) the federal government paying off on the insurance claim. D) the CDS holder delivering the defaulted bond to the CDS issuer in return for the bond's par value, and the CDS issuer paying the swap holder the difference between the par value of the bond and the bond's market price. E) None of the options are correct.

121)

SIVs are: A) structured investment vehicles. B) structured interest rate vehicles. C) semi-annual investment vehicles. D) riskless investments. E) structured insured variable rate instruments.

122)

SIVs raise funds by _________ and then use the proceeds to _________. A) issuing short-term commercial paper; retire other forms of their debt B) issuing short-term commercial paper; buy other forms of debt such as mortgages C) issuing long-term bonds; retire other forms of their debt D) issuing long-term bonds; buy other forms of debt such as mortgages E) None of the options are correct.

123)

CDOs are divided in tranches: A) that provide investors with securities with varying degrees of credit risk. B) and each tranch is given a different level of seniority in terms of its claims on the underlying pool. C) and none of the tranches is risky. D) and equity tranch is very low risk. E) that provide investors with securities with varying degrees of credit risk, and each tranch is given a different level of seniority in terms of its claims on the underlying pool.

124)

Mortgage-backed CDOs were a disaster in 2007 because: A) they were formed by pooling high quality fixed-rate loans with low interest rates. B) they were formed by pooling subprime mortgages. C) home prices stalled. D) the mortgages were variable rate loans, and interest rates increased. E) they were formed by pooling subprime mortgages, home prices stalled, the mortgages were variable rate loans, and interest rates increased.

125)

A Treasury bond due in two year has a yield of 2.5%; a Treasury bond due in five years has a yield of 3.9%. A bond issued by Amazon due in five years has a yield of 7.6%; a bond issued by Google due in two year has a yield of 6.4%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Amazon and Google, respectively, are: A) 4.3% and 3.1%. B) 5.4% and 3.2%. C) 2.2% and 2.0%. D) 3.7% and 3.9%. E) None of the options are correct.

126)

A Treasury bond due in two year has a yield of 3.5%; a Treasury bond due in five years has a yield of 4.2%. A bond issued by Amazon due in five years has a yield of 8.6%; a bond issued by Google due in two year has a yield of 6.9%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Amazon and Google, respectively, are: A) 3.3% and 2.1%. B) 4.4% and 3.4%. C) 1.2% and 1.0%. D) 8.6% and 6.9%. E) None of the options are correct.

127)

A Treasury bond due in one year has a yield of 2.5%; a Treasury bond due in ten years has a yield of 4.1%. A bond issued by Amazon due in ten years has a yield of 9.5%; a bond issued by Google due in one year has a yield of 7.3%. The default risk premiums on the bonds issued by Amazon and Google, respectively, are: A) 3.7% and 3.1%. B) 4.3% and 5.4%. C) 5.4% and 4.8%. D) 6.6% and 7.9%. E) None of the options are correct.

128)

The asset behind a Mortgage-backed CDOs is a _________. A) home. B) mortgage. C) credit rating. D) personal income. E) No assets exist being a mortgage CDO.

129)

Which of the following is NOT a mortgage pass-through agency? A) Ginnie Mae B) Fannie Mae C) Freddie Mac D) Sallie Mae E) All are agencies.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 14 1) A 2) E 3) A 4) B 5) D 6) B 7) A 8) C 9) A 10) D 11) D 12) E 13) E 14) A 15) D 16) E 17) C 18) B 19) A 20) D 21) A 22) C 23) E 24) D 25) B 26) D 27) A 28) A 29) C 30) D 31) D 32) A 33) A 34) B 35) A 36) C 37) B

38) D 39) B 40) C 41) A 42) B 43) D 44) C 45) E 46) C 47) B 48) B 49) D 50) D 51) C 52) B 53) D 54) C 55) A 56) A 57) B 58) C 59) C 60) D 61) C 62) B 63) D 64) C 65) B 66) D 67) B 68) B 69) A 70) A 71) A 72) B 73) E 74) B 75) D 76) C 77) D

78) D 79) C 80) B 81) C 82) D 83) D 84) D 85) A 86) B 87) D 88) E 89) A 90) D 91) D 92) B 93) A 94) D 95) B 96) B 97) B 98) C 99) A 100) 101) 102) 103) 104) 105) 106) 107) 108) 109) 110) 111) 112) 113) 114) 115) 116) 117)

D D A C B B A B C D C A D C A E B B

118) 119) 120) 121) 122) 123) 124) 125) 126) 127) 128) 129)

E D D A B E E D B C A D

Chapter 15:__________ 1) Structure of interest rates is: A) the relationship between the rates of interest on all securities. B) the relationship between the interest rate on a security and its time to maturity. C) the relationship between the yield on a bond and its default rate. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

2) Treasury STRIPS are: A) securities issued by the Treasury with very long maturities. B) extremely risky securities. C) created by selling each coupon or principal payment from a whole Treasury bond as a

separate cash flow. D) created by pooling mortgage payments made to the Treasury. E) None of the options are correct.

3) The value of a Treasury bond should: A) be equal to the sum of the value of STRIPS created from it. B) be less than the sum of the value of STRIPS created from it. C) be greater than the sum of the value of STRIPS created from it. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

4) If the value of a Treasury bond was higher than the value of the sum of its parts (STRIPPED

cash flows), you could: A) profit by buying the stripped cash flows and reconstituting the bond. B) not profit by buying the stripped cash flows and reconstituting the bond. C) profit by buying the bond and creating STRIPS. D) not profit by buying the stripped cash flows and reconstituting the bond and profit by buying the bond and creating STRIPS. E) None of the options are correct.

5) If the value of a Treasury bond was lower than the value of the sum of its parts (STRIPPED

cash flows), you could: A) profit by buying the stripped cash flows and reconstituting the bond. B) not by buying the bond and creating STRIPS. C) profit by buying the bond and creating STRIPS. D) profit by buying the stripped cash flows and reconstituting the bond and profit by buying the bond and creating STRIPS. E) None of the options are correct.

6) If the value of a Treasury bond was lower than the value of the sum of its parts (STRIPPED

cash flows), A) arbitrage would probably occur. B) arbitrage would probably not occur. C) the FED would adjust interest rates. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

7) If the value of a Treasury bond was higher than the value of the sum of its parts (STRIPPED

cash flows), A) arbitrage would probably occur. B) arbitrage would probably not occur. C) the FED would adjust interest rates. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

8) Bond stripping and bond reconstitution offer opportunities for __________, which can occur

if the __________ is violated. A) arbitrage; law of one price B) arbitrage; restrictive covenants C) huge losses; law of one price D) huge losses; restrictive covenants E) None of the options are correct.

9) __________ can occur if __________. A) Arbitrage; the law of one price is not violated B) Arbitrage; the law of one price is mandated C) Low-risk economic profit; the law of one price is not violated D) High-risk economic profit; the law of one price is violated E) Arbitrage and low-risk economic profit; the law of one price is violated

10) The yield curve shows at any point in time: A) the relationship between the yield on a bond and the duration of the bond. B) the relationship between the coupon rate on a bond and time to maturity of the bond. C) the relationship between yield on a bond and the time to maturity on the bond. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

11) An inverted yield curve implies that: A) long-term interest rates are lower than short-term interest rates. B) long-term interest rates are higher than short-term interest rates. C) long-term interest rates are the same as short-term interest rates. D) intermediate-term interest rates are higher than either short- or long-term interest

rates. E) None of the options are correct.

12) An upward sloping yield curve is a(n) __________ yield curve. A) normal B) humped C) inverted D) flat E) None of the options are correct.

13) According to the expectations hypothesis, an upward-sloping yield curve implies that: A) interest rates are expected to remain stable in the future. B) interest rates are expected to decline in the future. C) interest rates are expected to increase in the future. D) interest rates are expected to decline first, then increase. E) interest rates are expected to increase first, then decrease.

14) Which of the following are possible explanations for the term structure of interest rates? A) The expectations theory, only B) The liquidity preference theory, only C) Modern portfolio theory, only D) The expectations theory and the liquidity preference theory E) None of the options are correct.

15) The expectations theory of the term structure of interest rates states that: A) forward rates are determined by investors' expectations of future interest rates. B) forward rates exceed the expected future interest rates. C) yields on long- and short-maturity bonds are determined by the supply and demand

for the securities. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 4% (today) 1 5% 2

What is the price of a 3-year zero-coupon bond with a par value of $1,000? A) $896.83 B) $863.92 C) $772.18 D) $765.55 E) None of the options are correct.

17) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 4% (today) 1 5% 2

If you have just purchased a 4-year zero-coupon bond, what would be the expected rate of return on your investment in the first year if the implied forward rates stay the same? (Par value of the bond = $1,000) A) 4% B) 5% C) 6% D) 7% E) None of the options are correct.

18) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 4% (today) 1 5% 2

What is the price of a 2-year maturity bond with a 10% coupon rate paid annually? (Par value = $1,000) Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) $1,092 B) $1,054 C) $986 D) $1,103 E) None of the options are correct.

19) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 4% (today) 1 5% 2

What is the yield to maturity of a 3-year zero-coupon bond? A) 9.00% B) 7.00% C) 5.00% D) 4.00% E) None of the options are correct.

20) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 943.40 881.68 808.88 742.09

According to the expectations theory, what is the expected forward rate in the third year? A) 7.00% B) 7.33% C) 9.00% D) 11.19% E) None of the options are correct.

21) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 943.40 881.68 808.88 742.09

What is the yield to maturity on a 3-year zero-coupon bond? A) 6.37% B) 9.00% C) 7.33% D) 10.00% E) None of the options are correct.

22) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 943.40 881.68 808.88 742.09

What is the price of a 4-year maturity bond with a 12% coupon rate paid annually? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) $742.09 B) $1,222.09 C) $1,000.00 D) $1,141.84 E) None of the options are correct.

23) An upward-sloping yield curve: A) may be an indication that interest rates are expected to increase, only. B) may incorporate a liquidity premium, only. C) may reflect the confounding of the liquidity premium with interest rate expectations. D) implies an impending recession. E) None of the options are correct.

24) The "break-even" interest rate for year n that equates the return on an n-period zero-coupon

bond to that of an n−1 period zero-coupon bond rolled over into a one-year bond in year n is defined as: A) the forward rate. B) the short rate. C) the yield to maturity. D) the discount rate. E) None of the options are correct.

25) When computing yield to maturity, the implicit reinvestment assumption is that the interest

payments are reinvested at the: A) coupon rate. B) current yield. C) yield to maturity at the time of the investment. D) prevailing yield to maturity at the time interest payments are received. E) the average yield to maturity throughout the investment period.

26) Par Value Time to Maturity Coupon Current price Yield to Maturity

$ 1,000 20 Years 10% (paid annually) $ 850 12%

Given the bond described, if interest were paid semi-annually (rather than annually), and the bond continued to be priced at $850, the resulting effective annual yield to maturity would be: A) less than 12%. B) more than 12%. C) 12%. D) Cannot be determined. E) None of the options are correct.

27) Forward rates __________ future short rates because __________. A) are equal to; they are both extracted from yields to maturity B) are equal to; they are perfect forecasts C) differ from; they are imperfect forecasts D) differ from; forward rates are estimated from dealer quotes while future short rates

are extracted from yields to maturity E) are equal to; although they are estimated from different sources, they both are used by traders to make purchase decisions

28) The pure yield curve can be estimated: A) by using zero-coupon Treasuries, only. B) by using stripped Treasuries if each coupon is treated as a separate "zero," only. C) by using corporate bonds with different risk ratings, only. D) by estimating liquidity premiums for different maturities, only. E) by using zero-coupon Treasuries and by using stripped Treasuries if each coupon is

treated as a separate "zero."

29) The on the run yield curve is: A) a plot of yield as a function of maturity for zero-coupon bonds. B) a plot of yield as a function of maturity for recently-issued coupon bonds trading at or

near par. C) a plot of yield as a function of maturity for corporate bonds with different risk ratings. D) a plot of liquidity premiums for different maturities. E) None of the options are correct.

30) The yield curve: A) is a graphical depiction of term structure of interest rates, only. B) is usually depicted for U.S. Treasuries to hold risk constant across maturities and

yields, only. C) is usually depicted for corporate bonds of different ratings, only. D) is a graphical depiction of term structure of interest rates and is usually depicted for U.S. Treasuries in order to hold risk constant across maturities and yields. E) is a graphical depiction of term structure of interest rates and is usually depicted for corporate bonds of different ratings.

31) Consider the following 1-year forward rates: Year 1-Year Forward Rate 1 4.5% 2 5.2% 3 5.9% 4 6.3% 5 6.8% 6 7.0%

What should the purchase price of a 2-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased at the beginning of year 2 and has face value of $1,000? A) $897.61 B) $888.33 C) $883.32 D) $893.36 E) $871.80

32) Consider the following 1-year forward rates: Year 1-Year Forward Rate 1 4.5% 2 5.2% 3 5.9% 4 6.3% 5 6.8% 6 7.0%

What would the yield to maturity be on a four-year zero-coupon bond purchased today? A) 7.80% B) 6.30% C) 5.47% D) 4.25% E) None of the options are correct.

33) Year 1 2 3 4 5 6

1-Year Forward Rate 4.5% 5.2% 5.9% 6.3% 6.8% 7.0%

Calculate the price at the beginning of year 1 of a 10% annual coupon bond with face value $1,000 and 5 years to maturity. Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) $1,195 B) $1,181 C) $1,175 D) $1,162 E) $1,151

34) Given the yield on a 3-year zero-coupon bond is 8.2% and forward rates of 6.3% in year 1

and 7.1% in year 2, what must be the forward rate in year 3? A) 11.84% B) 11.27% C) 10.95% D) 10.87% E) None of the options are correct.

35) An inverted yield curve is one: A) with a hump in the middle. B) constructed by using convertible bonds. C) that is relatively flat. D) that plots the inverse relationship between bond prices and bond yields. E) that slopes downward.

36) Investors can use publicly available financial data to determine which of the following? 1. The shape of the yield curve 2. Expected future short-term rates (if liquidity premiums are ignored) 3. The direction the Dow indexes are heading 4. The actions to be taken by the Federal Reserve A) 1 and 2 B) 1 and 3 C) 1, 2, and 3 D) 1, 3, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

37) Which of the following combinations will result in a sharply-increasing yield curve? A) Increasing future expected short rates and increasing liquidity premiums B) Decreasing future expected short rates and increasing liquidity premiums C) Increasing future expected short rates and decreasing liquidity premiums D) Increasing future expected short rates and constant liquidity premiums E) Constant future expected short rates and increasing liquidity premiums

38) The yield curve is a component of: A) the Dow Jones Industrial Average. B) the consumer price index. C) the index of leading economic indicators. D) the producer price index. E) the inflation index.

39) The most recently issued Treasury securities are called: A) on the run. B) off the run. C) on the market. D) off the market. E) None of the options are correct.

40) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 (today) 3% 1 4% 2 5% 3 6%

What is the price of 3-year zero-coupon bond with a par value of $1,000? A) $889.08 B) $816.58 C) $772.18 D) $765.55 E) None of the options are correct.

41) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 (today) 3% 1 4% 2 5% 3 6%

If you have just purchased a 4-year zero-coupon bond, what would be the expected rate of return on your investment in the first year if the implied forward rates stay the same? (Par value of the bond = $1,000.) A) 5% B) 3% C) 9% D) 10% E) None of the options are correct.

42) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 (today) 3% 1 4% 2 5% 3 6%

What is the price of a 2-year maturity bond with a 5% coupon rate paid annually? (Par value = $1,000.) Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) $1,092.97 B) $1,054.24 C) $1,028.52 D) $1,073.34 E) None of the options are correct.

43) Suppose that all investors expect that interest rates for the 4 years will be as follows: Year Forward Interest Rate 0 (today) 3% 1 4% 2 5% 3 6%

What is the yield to maturity of a 3-year zero-coupon bond? A) 7.00% B) 9.00% C) 6.99% D) 4.00% E) None of the options are correct.

44) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 925.15 862.57 788.66 711.00

According to the expectations theory, what is the expected forward rate in the third year? A) 7.23% B) 9.37% C) 9.00% D) 10.9% E) None of the options are correct.

45) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 925.15 862.57 788.66 711.00

What is the yield to maturity on a 3-year zero-coupon bond? A) 6.37% B) 9.00% C) 7.33% D) 8.24% E) None of the options are correct.

46) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 925.15 862.57 788.66 711.00

What is the price of a 4-year maturity bond with a 10% coupon rate paid annually? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) $742.09 B) $1,222.09 C) $1,035.68 D) $1,141.84 E) None of the options are correct.

47) The following is a list of prices for zero-coupon bonds with different maturities and par

values of $1,000. Maturity (Years) 1 2 3 4

Price $ 925.15 862.57 788.66 711.00

You have purchased a 4-year maturity bond with a 9% coupon rate paid annually. The bond has a par value of $1,000. What would the price of the bond be one year from now if the implied forward rates stay the same? Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) $995.63 B) $1,108.88 C) $1,000.00 D) $1,042.78 E) None of the options are correct.

48) Par Value

$ 1,000

Time to Maturity Coupon Current price

18 Years 9% (paid annually) $ 917.99

Yield to Maturity

12%

Given the bond described above, if interest were paid semi-annually (rather than annually) and the bond continued to be priced at $917.99, the resulting effective annual yield to maturity would be: A) less than 10%. B) more than 10%. C) 10%. D) Cannot be determined. E) None of the options are correct.

49) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 5% 5.5% 6.0% 6.5% 7.0%

What should the purchase price of a 2-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased at the beginning of year 2 and has face value of $1,000? A) $877.54 B) $888.33 C) $883.32 D) $894.21 E) $871.80

50) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 5% 5.5% 6.0% 6.5% 7.0%

What would the yield to maturity be on a four-year zero-coupon bond purchased today? A) 5.75% B) 6.30% C) 5.65% D) 5.25% E) None of the options are correct.

51) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 5% 5.5% 6.0% 6.5% 7.0%

Calculate the price at the beginning of year 1 of an 8% annual coupon bond with face value $1,000 and 5 years to maturity. A) $1,105.47 B) $1,131.91 C) $1,084.35 D) $1,150.01 E) $719.75

52) Given the yield on a 3-year zero-coupon bond is 7% and forward rates of 6% in year 1 and

6.5% in year 2, what must be the forward rate in year 3? A) 7.2% B) 8.6% C) 8.5% D) 6.9% E) None of the options are correct.

53) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What should the purchase price of a 1-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased today and has face value of $1,000? A) $966.37 B) $912.87 C) $950.21 D) $956.02 E) $945.51

54) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What should the purchase price of a 2-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased today and has face value of $1,000? A) $966.87 B) $911.37 C) $950.21 D) $956.02 E) $945.51

55) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What should the purchase price of a 3-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased today and has face value of $1,000? A) $887.42 B) $871.12 C) $879.54 D) $856.02 E) $866.32

56) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What should the purchase price of a 4-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased today and has face value of $1,000? A) $887.42 B) $821.15 C) $879.54 D) $856.02 E) $866.32

57) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What should the purchase price of a 5-year zero-coupon bond be if it is purchased today and has face value of $1,000? A) $768.87 B) $721.15 C) $779.54 D) $756.02 E) $766.32

58) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What is the yield to maturity of a 1-year bond? A) 4.6% B) 4.9% C) 5.2% D) 5.5% E) 5.8%

59) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What is the yield to maturity of a 5-year bond? A) 4.6% B) 4.9% C) 5.4% D) 5.5% E) 5.8%

60) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What is the yield to maturity of a 4-year bond? A) 4.69% B) 4.95% C) 5.01% D) 5.05% E) 5.08%

61) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What is the yield to maturity of a 3-year bond? A) 4.6% B) 4.9% C) 5.2% D) 5.5% E) 5.8%

62) Year 1 2 3 4 5

1-Year Forward Rate 4.6% 4.9% 5.2% 5.5% 6.8%

What is the yield to maturity of a 2-year bond? A) 4.5% B) 4.9% C) 5.2% D) 4.7% E) 5.8%

63) What theory believes short-term investors dominate the market so that the forward rate will

generally exceed the expected short rate? A) Liquidity preference theory B) Expectations theory C) Market segmentation theory D) Forward rate theory E) Short rate theory

64) What theory believes forward rates equals the market consensus of what the future short

interest rate will be? A) Liquidity preference theory B) Expectations theory C) Market segmentation theory D) Forward rate theory E) Short rate theory

65) The graphic representation of the term structure of interest rates is the __________. A) forward rate B) volatility index C) yield curve D) expectations table E) None of the options are correct.

66) __________ are created from coupon paying treasuries, where the coupon and principal are

separated. A) Stripped treasuries B) Forward rates C) A yield curve D) Futures contracts E) None of the options are correct.

67) The __________ yield curve is created from stripped treasuries. A) basic B) forward C) inverted D) pure E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 15 1) B 2) C 3) A 4) A 5) D 6) A 7) A 8) A 9) E 10) C 11) A 12) A 13) C 14) D 15) A 16) B 17) A 18) D 19) C 20) C 21) C 22) D 23) C 24) A 25) C 26) B 27) C 28) E 29) B 30) D 31) A 32) C 33) B 34) B 35) E 36) A 37) A

38) C 39) A 40) A 41) B 42) C 43) D 44) B 45) D 46) C 47) A 48) B 49) D 50) A 51) C 52) C 53) D 54) B 55) E 56) B 57) A 58) A 59) C 60) D 61) B 62) D 63) A 64) B 65) C 66) A 67) D

Chapter 16:__________ 1) The duration of a bond is a function of the bond's: A) coupon rate. B) yield to maturity. C) time to maturity. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

2) Ceteris paribus, the duration of a bond is positively correlated with the bond's: A) time to maturity, only. B) coupon rate, only. C) yield to maturity, only. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

3) Ceteris paribus, the duration of a bond is negatively correlated with the bond's: A) time to maturity, only. B) coupon rate, only. C) yield to maturity, only. D) coupon rate and yield to maturity. E) None of the options are correct.

4) Holding other factors constant, the interest-rate risk of a coupon bond is higher when the

bond's: A) B) C) D) E)

term to maturity is lower. coupon rate is higher. yield to maturity is lower. current yield is higher. None of the options are correct.

5) Holding other factors constant, the interest-rate risk of a coupon bond is higher when the

bond's: A) B) C) D) E)

term to maturity is higher, only. coupon rate is higher, only. yield to maturity is higher, only. All of the options are correct. None of the options are correct.

6) Holding other factors constant, the interest-rate risk of a coupon bond is higher when the

bond's: A) B) C) D) E)

term to maturity is lower, only. coupon rate is lower, only. yield to maturity is higher, only. term to maturity is lower and yield to maturity is higher. None of the options are correct.

7) Holding other factors constant, the interest-rate risk of a coupon bond is lower when the

bond's: A) B) C) D) E)

term to maturity is lower, only. coupon rate is higher, only. yield to maturity is lower, only. term to maturity is lower and coupon rate is higher. All of the options are correct.

8) Holding other factors constant, the interest-rate risk of a coupon bond is lower when the

bond's: A) B) C) D) E)

term to maturity is lower. coupon rate is higher. yield to maturity is higher. term to maturity is lower and coupon rate is higher. All of the options are correct.

9) Holding other factors constant, the interest-rate risk of a coupon bond is lower when the

bond's: A) B) C) D) E)

term to maturity is higher. coupon rate is lower. yield to maturity is higher. term to maturity is higher and coupon rate is lower. All of the options are correct.

10) The "modified duration" used by practitioners is equal to the Macaulay duration: A) times the change in interest rate. B) times (one plus the bond's yield to maturity). C) divided by (one minus the bond's yield to maturity). D) divided by (one plus the bond's yield to maturity). E) None of the options are correct.

11) The "modified duration" used by practitioners is equal to _________ divided by (one plus the

bond's yield to maturity). A) current yield B) the Macaulay duration C) yield to call D) yield to maturity E) None of the options are correct.

12) Given the time to maturity, the duration of a zero-coupon bond is higher when the discount

rate is: A) B) C) D) E)

higher, only. lower, only. equal to the risk-free rate, only. The bond's duration is independent of the discount rate. None of the options are correct.

13) The interest-rate risk of a bond is: A) the risk related to the possibility of bankruptcy of the bond's issuer. B) the risk that arises from the uncertainty of the bond's return caused by changes in

interest rates. C) the unsystematic risk caused by factors unique in the bond. D) the risk related to the possibility of bankruptcy of the bond's issuer, and the risk that arises from the uncertainty of the bond's return caused by changes in interest rates. E) All of the options are correct.

14) Which of the following two bonds is more price sensitive to changes in interest rates? 1. A par value bond, X, with a 5-year year to maturity and a 10% coupon rate. 2. A zero-coupon bond, Y, with a 5-year year to maturity and a 10% yield to maturity. A) Bond X because of the higher yield to maturity B) Bond X because of the longer time to maturity C) Bond Y because of the longer duration D) Both have the same sensitivity because both have the same yield to maturity. E) None of the options are correct.

15) Holding other factors constant, which one of the following bonds has the smallest price

volatility? A) 5-year, 0% coupon bond B) 5-year, 12% coupon bond C) 5 year, 14% coupon bond D) 5-year, 10% coupon bond E) Cannot tell from the information given

16) Which of the following is not true? A) Holding other things constant, the duration of a bond increases with time to maturity. B) Given time to maturity, the duration of a zero-coupon decreases with yield to

maturity. C) Given time to maturity and yield to maturity, the duration of a bond is higher when the coupon rate is lower. D) Duration is a better measure of price sensitivity to interest-rate changes than is time to maturity. E) All of the options are correct.

17) Which of the following statements are true? 1. Holding other things constant, the duration of a bond decreases with time to maturity. 2. Given time to maturity, the duration of a zero-coupon increases with yield to maturity. 3. Given time to maturity and yield to maturity, the duration of a bond is higher when the

coupon rate is lower. 4. Duration is a better measure of price sensitivity to interest-rate changes than is time to maturity. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 C) 3 only D) 3 and 4 E) 1, 2, and 4

18) The duration of a 5-year zero-coupon bond is: A) smaller than 5. B) larger than 5. C) equal to 5. D) equal to that of a 5-year 10% coupon bond. E) None of the options are correct.

19) The basic purpose of immunization is to: A) eliminate default risk, only. B) produce a zero net-interest-rate risk, only. C) offset price and reinvestment risk, only. D) eliminate default risk and produce a zero net-interest-rate risk, only. E) produce a zero net-interest-rate risk and offset price and reinvestment risk.

20) The duration of a par-value bond with a coupon rate of 8% (paid annually) and a remaining

time to maturity of 5 years is: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 5 years. B) 5.4 years. C) 4.17 years. D) 4.31 years. E) None of the options are correct.

21) The duration of a perpetuity with a yield of 8% is: A) 13.50 years. B) 12.11 years. C) 6.66 years. D) Cannot be determined E) None of the options are correct.

22) A seven-year par value bond has a coupon rate of 9% (paid annually) and a modified

duration of: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 7.00 years. B) 5.49 years. C) 5.03 years. D) 4.87 years. E) None of the options are correct.

23) A $1,000 par-value bond XYZ has a modified duration of 6. Which one of the following

statements regarding the bond is true? A) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will decrease by $60. B) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will increase by $50. C) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will decrease by $50. D) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will increase by $60. E) None of the options are correct.

24) Which of the following bonds has the longest duration? A) An 8-year maturity, 0% coupon bond B) An 8-year maturity, 5% coupon bond C) A 10-year maturity, 5% coupon bond D) A 10-year maturity, 0% coupon bond E) Cannot tell from the information given

25) Which one of the following par-value 12% coupon bonds experiences a price change of $23

when the market yield changes by 50 basis points? A) The bond with a duration of 6 years B) The bond with a duration of 5 years C) The bond with a duration of 2.7 years D) The bond with a duration of 5.15 years E) None of the options are correct.

26) Which one of the following statements is true concerning the duration of a perpetuity? A) The duration of a 15% yield perpetuity that pays $100 annually is longer than that of

a 15% yield perpetuity that pays $200 annually. B) The duration of a 15% yield perpetuity that pays $100 annually is shorter than that of a 15% yield perpetuity that pays $200 annually. C) The duration of a 15% yield perpetuity that pays $100 annually is equal to that of a 15% yield perpetuity that pays $200 annually. D) The duration of a perpetuity cannot be calculated.

27) The two components of interest-rate risk are: A) price risk and default risk. B) reinvestment risk and systematic risk. C) call risk and price risk. D) price risk and reinvestment risk. E) None of the options are correct.

28) The duration of a coupon bond: A) does not change after the bond is issued. B) can accurately predict the price change of the bond for any interest-rate change. C) will decrease as the yield to maturity decreases. D) All of the options are true. E) None of the options are true.

29) Indexing of bond portfolios is difficult because: A) the number of bonds included in the major indexes is so large that it would be

difficult to purchase them in the proper proportions. B) many bonds are thinly traded, so it is difficult to purchase them at a fair market price. C) the composition of bond indexes is constantly changing. D) All of the options are true. E) None of the options are correct.

30) Duration measures: A) weighted-average time until a bond's half-life. B) weighted-average time until cash flow payment. C) the time required to make excessive profit from the investment. D) weighted-average time until a bond's half-life and the time required to make

excessive profit from the investment. E) weighted-average time until cash flow payment and the time required to make excessive profit from the investment.

31) Duration: A) assesses the time element of bonds in terms of both coupon and term to maturity,

only. B) allows structuring a portfolio to avoid interest-rate risk, only. C) is a direct comparison between bond issues with different levels of risk, only. D) assesses the time element of bonds in terms of both coupon and term to maturity and allows structuring a portfolio to avoid interest-rate risk. E) assesses the time element of bonds in terms of both coupon and term to maturity and is a direct comparison between bond issues with different levels of risk.

32) Identify the bond that has the longest duration (no calculations necessary). A) 20-year maturity with an 8% coupon B) 20-year maturity with a 12% coupon C) 20-year maturity with a 0% coupon D) 10-year maturity with a 15% coupon E) 12-year maturity with a 12% coupon

33) When interest rates decline, the duration of a 10-year bond selling at a premium: A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same. D) increases at first, then declines. E) decreases at first, then increases.

34) An 8%, 30-year corporate bond was recently being priced to yield 10%. The Macaulay

duration for the bond is 10.20 years. Given this information, the bond's modified duration would be: A) 8.05. B) 9.44. C) 9.27. D) 11.22. E) None of the options are correct.

35) An 8%, 15-year bond has a yield to maturity of 10% and duration of 8.05 years. If the market

yield changes by 25 basis points, how much change will there be in the bond's price? A) 1.83% B) 2.01% C) 3.27% D) 6.44% E) None of the options are correct.

36) One way that banks can reduce the duration of their asset portfolios is using: A) fixed-rate mortgages. B) adjustable-rate mortgages. C) certificates of deposit. D) short-term borrowing. E) None of the options are correct.

37) The duration of a bond normally increases with an increase in: A) term to maturity. B) yield to maturity. C) coupon rate. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

38) Immunization is not a strictly passive strategy because: A) it requires choosing an asset portfolio that matches an index. B) there is likely to be a gap between the values of assets and liabilities in most

portfolios. C) it requires frequent rebalancing as maturities and interest rates change. D) durations of assets and liabilities fall at the same rate. E) None of the options are correct.

39) Some of the problems with immunization are: 1. duration assumes that the yield curve is flat. 2. duration assumes that if shifts in the yield curve occur, these shifts are parallel. 3. immunization is valid for one interest-rate change only. 4. durations and horizon dates change by the same amounts with the passage of time. A) 1 only B) 1 & 2 C) 4 only D) 1 & 3 E) 1, 2, & 3

40) If a bond portfolio manager believes: 1. in market efficiency, he or she is likely to be a passive portfolio manager. 2. that he or she can accurately predict interest-rate changes, he or she is likely to be an

active portfolio manager. 3. that he or she can identify bond-market anomalies, he or she is likely to be a passive portfolio manager. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 1 and 2 E) 1, 2, and 3

41) Cash flow matching on a multiperiod basis is referred to as: A) immunization. B) contingent immunization. C) dedication. D) duration matching. E) rebalancing.

42) Immunization through duration matching of assets and liabilities may be ineffective or

inappropriate because: A) conventional duration strategies assume a flat yield curve. B) duration matching can only immunize portfolios from parallel shifts in the yield curve. C) immunization only protects the nominal value of terminal liabilities and does not allow for inflation adjustment. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

43) The curvature of the price yield curve for a given bond is referred to as the bond's: A) modified duration. B) immunization. C) sensitivity. D) convexity. E) tangency.

44) Consider a bond selling at par with modified duration of 10.6 years and convexity of 210. A

2% decrease in yield would cause the price to increase by 21.2% according to the duration rule. What would be the percentage price change according to the duration-with-convexity rule? A) 21.2% B) 25.4% C) 17.0% D) 10.6%

45) A substitution swap is an exchange of bonds undertaken to: A) change the credit risk of a portfolio. B) extend the duration of a portfolio. C) reduce the duration of a portfolio. D) profit from apparent mispricing between two bonds. E) adjust for differences in the yield spread.

46) A rate anticipation swap is an exchange of bonds undertaken to: A) shift portfolio duration in response to an anticipated change in interest rates. B) shift between corporate and government bonds when the yield spread is out of line

with historical values. C) profit from apparent mispricing between two bonds. D) change the credit risk of the portfolio. E) increase return by shifting into higher yield bonds.

47) An analyst who selects a particular holding period and predicts the yield curve at the end of

that holding period is engaging in: A) a rate anticipation swap. B) immunization. C) horizon analysis. D) an intermarket spread swap. E) None of the options are correct.

48) Interest-rate risk is important to: A) active bond portfolio managers, only. B) passive bond portfolio managers, only. C) both active and passive bond portfolio managers. D) neither active nor passive bond portfolio managers. E) obsessive bond portfolio managers.

49) Which of the following are true about the interest-rate sensitivity of bonds? 1. Bond prices and yields are inversely related. 2. Prices of long-term bonds tend to be more sensitive to interest-rate changes than prices of

short-term bonds. 3. Interest-rate risk is positively correlated with the bond's coupon rate. 4. The sensitivity of a bond's price to a change in its yield to maturity is inversely related to the yield to maturity at which the bond is currently selling. A) 1 and 2 B) 1 and 3 C) 1, 2, and 4 D) 2, 3, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

50) Which of the following are false about the interest-rate sensitivity of bonds? 1. Bond prices and yields are inversely related. 2. Prices of long-term bonds tend to be more sensitive to interest-rate changes than prices of

short-term bonds. 3. Interest-rate risk is correlated with the bond's coupon rate. 4. The sensitivity of a bond's price to a change in its yield to maturity is inversely related to the yield to maturity at which the bond is currently selling. A) 1 B) 3 C) 1, 2, and 4 D) 2, 3, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

51) Which of the following researchers have contributed significantly to bond portfolio

management theory? 1. Sidney Homer 2. Harry Markowitz 3. Burton Malkiel 4. Martin Liebowitz 5. Frederick Macaulay A) 1 and 2 B) 3 and 5 C) 3, 4, and 5 D) 1, 3, 4, and 5 E) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

52) According to the duration concept, A) only coupon payments matter. B) only maturity value matters. C) the coupon payments made prior to maturity make the effective maturity of the bond

greater than its actual time to maturity. D) the coupon payments made prior to maturity make the effective maturity of the bond less than its actual time to maturity. E) coupon rates don't matter.

53) Duration is important in bond portfolio management because: 1. it can be used in immunization strategies. 2. it provides a gauge of the effective average maturity of the portfolio. 3. it is related to the interest rate sensitivity of the portfolio. 4. it is a good predictor of interest-rate changes. A) 1 and 2 B) 1 and 3 C) 3 and 4 D) 1, 2, and 3 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

54) Two bonds are selling at par value, and each has 17 years to maturity. The first bond has a

coupon rate of 6%, and the second bond has a coupon rate of 13%. Which of the following is true about the durations of these bonds? A) The duration of the higher coupon bond will be higher. B) The duration of the lower coupon bond will be higher. C) The duration of the higher coupon bond will equal the duration of the lower coupon bond. D) There is no consistent statement that can be made about the durations of the bonds. E) The bond's durations cannot be determined without knowing the prices of the bonds.

55) Two bonds are selling at par value, and each has 17 years to maturity. The first bond has a

coupon rate of 6%, and the second bond has a coupon rate of 13%. Which of the following is false about the durations of these bonds? 1. The duration of the higher coupon bond will be higher. 2. The duration of the lower coupon bond will be higher. 3. The duration of the higher coupon bond will equal the modified duration of the lower coupon bond. 4. The modified duration of the bonds will be equal. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 4 only E) 1, 3 & 4

56) Which of the following two bonds is more price sensitive to changes in interest rates? 1. A par-value bond, A, with a 12 year to maturity and a 12% coupon rate. 2. A zero-coupon bond, B, with a 12 year to maturity and a 12% yield to maturity. A) Bond A because of the higher yield to maturity B) Bond A because of the longer time to maturity C) Bond B because of the longer duration D) Both have the same sensitivity because both have the same yield to maturity. E) None of the options are correct.

57) Which of the following two bonds is more price sensitive to changes in interest rates? 1. A par-value bond, D, with a 2 year to maturity and an 8% coupon rate. 2. A zero-coupon bond, E, with a 2 year to maturity and an 8% yield to maturity. A) Bond D because of the higher yield to maturity B) Bond E because of the longer duration C) Bond D because of the longer time to maturity D) Both have the same sensitivity because both have the same yield to maturity. E) None of the options are correct.

58) Holding other factors constant, which one of the following bonds has the smallest price

volatility? A) 7-year, 0% coupon bond B) 7-year, 12% coupon bond C) 7-year, 14% coupon bond D) 7-year, 10% coupon bond E) Cannot tell from the information given

59) Holding other factors constant, which one of the following bonds has the smallest price

volatility? A) 20-year, 0% coupon bond B) 20-year, 6% coupon bond C) 20-year, 7% coupon bond D) 20-year, 9% coupon bond E) Cannot tell from the information given

60) The duration of a 15-year zero-coupon bond is: A) smaller than 15. B) larger than 15. C) equal to 15. D) equal to that of a 15-year 10% coupon bond. E) None of the options are correct.

61) The duration of a 20-year zero-coupon bond is: A) equal to 20. B) larger than 20. C) smaller than 20. D) equal to that of a 20-year 10% coupon bond. E) None of the options are correct.

62) The duration of a perpetuity with a yield of 9.0% is: A) 13.50 years. B) 12.11 years. C) 6.66 years. D) Cannot be determined E) None of the options are correct.

63) The duration of a perpetuity with a yield of 6.5 is: A) 13.50 years. B) 12.11 years. C) 16.38 years. D) Cannot be determined E) None of the options are correct.

64) Par-value-bond F has a modified duration of 9. Which one of the following statements

regarding the bond is true? A) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will decrease by $90. B) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will increase by $90. C) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will decrease by $60. D) If the market yield decreases by 1%, the bond's price will increase by $60.

65) Par-value-bond GE has a modified duration of 11. Which one of the following statements

regarding the bond is true? A) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will decrease by $55. B) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will increase by $55. C) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will decrease by $110. D) If the market yield increases by 1%, the bond's price will increase by $110. E) None of the options are correct.

66) Which of the following bonds has the longest duration? A) A 15-year maturity, 0% coupon bond. B) A 15-year maturity, 9% coupon bond. C) A 20-year maturity, 9% coupon bond. D) A 20-year maturity, 0% coupon bond. E) Cannot tell from the information given

67) Which of the following bonds has the longest duration? A) A 12-year maturity, 0% coupon bond. B) A 12-year maturity, 8% coupon bond. C) A 4-year maturity, 8% coupon bond. D) A 4-year maturity, 0% coupon bond. E) Cannot tell from the information given

68) A 10%, 30-year corporate bond was recently being priced to a yield of 11%. The Macaulay

duration for the bond is 11.3 years. Given this information, the bond's modified duration would be: A) 9.05. B) 10.09. C) 10.18. D) 11.22. E) None of the options are correct.

69) A 6%, 30-year corporate bond was recently being priced to a yield of 7%. The Macaulay

duration for the bond is 9.4 years. Given this information, the bond's modified duration would be: A) 9.55. B) 9.24. C) 8.79. D) 7.78. E) None of the options are correct.

70) A 9%, 16-year bond has a yield to maturity of 9% and duration of 7.25 years. If the market

yield changes by 15 basis points, how much change will there be in the bond's price? A) −1.00% B) −2.01% C) −2.67% D) −3.44% E) None of the options are correct.

71) A 7%, 14-year bond has a yield to maturity of 4.4% and duration of 8.5 years. If the market

yield changes by 54 basis points, how much change will there be in the bond's price? A) −1.85% B) −2.91% C) −4.40% D) −6.44% E) None of the options are correct.

72) Consider a bond selling at par with modified duration of 12 years and convexity of 265. A

1% decrease in yield would cause the price to increase by 12%, according to the duration rule. What would be the percentage price change according to the duration-with-convexity rule? A) 21.2% B) 25.4% C) 17.0% D) 13.3% E) None of the options are correct.

73) Consider a bond selling at par with modified duration of 22 years and convexity of 415. A

2% decrease in yield would cause the price to increase by 44% according to the duration rule. What would be the percentage price change according to the duration-with-convexity rule? A) 21.2% B) 25.4% C) 17.0% D) 52.3% E) None of the options are correct.

74) The duration of a par-value bond with a coupon rate of 6.5% and a remaining time to

maturity of 4 years is: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 3.65 years. B) 3.45 years. C) 3.85 years. D) 4.00 years. E) None of the options are correct.

75) The duration of a par-value bond with a coupon rate of 7% and a remaining time to maturity

of 3 years is: A) 3 years. B) 2.71 years. C) 2.81 years. D) 2.91 years. E) None of the options are correct.

76) The duration of a par-value bond with a coupon rate of 8.7% and a remaining time to

maturity of 6 years is: A) 6.0 years. B) 5.1 years. C) 4.27 years. D) 3.95 years. E) None of the options are correct.

77) Consider a six-year bond paying a 7% coupon, with a yield to maturity of 5.0%. What is the

duration of the bond? A) 4.925 B) 5.148 C) 5.236 D) 5.687 E) None of the options are correct.

78) Consider a six-year bond paying a 5% coupon, with a yield to maturity of 4.5%. What is the

duration of the bond? A) 4.925 B) 5.152 C) 5.339 D) 5.787 E) None of the options are correct.

79) Consider a four-year bond paying a 7% coupon, with a yield to maturity of 6.0%. What is the

duration of the bond? A) 3.631 B) 3.785 C) 3.814 D) 3.965 E) None of the options are correct.

80) Consider a four year bond paying a 8.5% coupon, with a yield to maturity of 9.3%. What is

the duration of the bond? A) 3.831 B) 3.785 C) 3.614 D) 3.548 E) None of the options are correct.

81) Consider a four-year, zero-coupon bond, with a yield to maturity of 7.2%. What is the

duration of the bond? A) 4.000 B) 3.785 C) 3.614 D) 3.548 E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 16 1) D 2) A 3) D 4) C 5) A 6) B 7) D 8) E 9) C 10) D 11) B 12) D 13) B 14) C 15) C 16) B 17) D 18) C 19) E 20) D 21) A 22) C 23) A 24) D 25) D 26) C 27) D 28) E 29) D 30) B 31) D 32) C 33) A 34) C 35) A 36) B 37) A

38) C 39) E 40) D 41) C 42) D 43) D 44) B 45) D 46) A 47) C 48) C 49) C 50) B 51) D 52) D 53) D 54) B 55) E 56) C 57) B 58) C 59) D 60) C 61) A 62) B 63) C 64) A 65) C 66) D 67) A 68) C 69) C 70) A 71) C 72) D 73) D 74) A 75) C 76) E 77) B

78) C 79) A 80) D 81) A

Chapter 17:__________ 1) A top-down analysis of a firm starts with: A) the relative value of the firm. B) the absolute value of the firm. C) the domestic economy. D) the global economy. E) the industry outlook.

2) An example of a highly cyclical industry is: A) the automobile industry. B) the tobacco industry. C) the food industry. D) the automobile industry and the tobacco industry. E) the tobacco industry and the food industry.

3) Demand-side economics is concerned with: A) government spending and tax levels, only. B) monetary policy, only. C) fiscal policy, only. D) government spending, tax levels, and monetary policy. E) All of the options are correct.

4) The most widely used monetary tool is/are: A) altering the discount rate. B) altering the reserve requirements. C) open-market operations. D) altering marginal tax rates. E) None of the options are correct.

5) The "real," or inflation-adjusted, exchange rate is: A) the balance of trade. B) the budget deficit. C) the purchasing-power ratio. D) unimportant to the U.S. economy. E) None of the options are correct.

6) The "normal" range of price-earnings ratios for the S&P 500 Index is: A) between 2 and 10. B) between 5 and 15. C) less than 8. D) between 12 and 25. E) greater than 20.

7) Monetary policy is determined by: A) government budget decisions. B) presidential mandates. C) the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. D) congressional actions. E) None of the options are correct.

8) A trough is: A) a transition from an expansion in the business cycle to the start of a contraction. B) a transition from a contraction in the business cycle to the start of an expansion. C) a depression that lasts more than three years. D) an expansion that lasts for not more than six months. E) None of the options are correct.

9) A peak is: A) a transition from an expansion in the business cycle to the start of a contraction. B) a transition from a contraction in the business cycle to the start of an expansion. C) a depression that lasts more than three years. D) only a feature of geography and not an investment term. E) None of the options are correct.

10) If the economy is growing, firms with high operating leverage will experience: A) higher increases in profits than firms with low operating leverage. B) similar increases in profits as firms with low operating leverage. C) smaller increases in profits than firms with low operating leverage. D) no change in profits. E) None of the options are correct.

11) If the economy is shrinking, firms with high operating leverage will experience: A) larger decreases in profits than firms with low operating leverage. B) similar decreases in profits as firms with low operating leverage. C) smaller decreases in profits than firms with low operating leverage. D) no change in profits. E) None of the options are correct.

12) If the economy is growing, firms with low operating leverage will experience: A) higher increases in profits than firms with high operating leverage. B) similar increases in profits as firms with high operating leverage. C) smaller increases in profits than firms with high operating leverage. D) no change in profits. E) None of the options are correct.

13) If the economy is shrinking, firms with low operating leverage will experience: A) larger decreases in profits than firms with high operating leverage. B) similar decreases in profits as firms with high operating leverage. C) smaller decreases in profits than firms with high operating leverage. D) no change in profits. E) None of the options are correct.

14) Industrial production refers to: A) the amount of personal disposable income in the economy. B) the difference between government spending and government revenues. C) the total manufacturing output in the economy. D) the total production of goods and services in the economy. E) None of the options are correct.

15) GDP refers to: A) the amount of personal disposable income in the economy. B) the difference between government spending and government revenues. C) the total manufacturing output in the economy. D) the total production of goods and services in the economy. E) None of the options are correct.

16) A rapidly growing GDP indicates a(n) __________ economy with __________ opportunity

for a firm to increase sales. A) stagnant; little B) stagnant; ample C) expanding; little D) expanding; ample E) stable; no

17) A declining GDP indicates a(n) __________ economy with __________ opportunity for a

firm to increase sales. A) stagnant; little B) stagnant; ample C) expanding; little D) expanding; ample E) stable; no

18) The average duration of unemployment and changes in the consumer price index for services

are: A) B) C) D) E)

leading economic indicators. coincidental economic indicators. lagging economic indicators. composite economic indicators. countercyclical indicator.

19) A firm in an industry that is very sensitive to the business cycle will likely have a stock beta: A) greater than 1.0. B) equal to 1.0. C) less than 1.0 but greater than 0.0. D) equal to or less than 0.0. E) There is no relationship between beta and sensitivity to the business cycle.

20) If the economy were going into a recession, an attractive industry to invest in would be the: A) automobile industry, only. B) medical services industry, only. C) construction industry, only. D) automobile and construction industries. E) medical services and construction industries.

21) The stock price index and new orders for nondefense capital goods are: A) leading economic indicators. B) coincidental economic indicators. C) lagging economic indicators. D) not useful as economic indicators. E) None of the options are correct.

22) A firm in the early stages of the industry life cycle will likely have: A) high market penetration. B) high risk. C) rapid growth. D) high market penetration and rapid growth. E) high risk and rapid growth.

23) Assume the U.S. government was to decide to increase the budget deficit. Holding all else

constant, this will cause __________ to increase. A) B) C) D) E)

interest rates government borrowing unemployment interest rates and government borrowing None of the options are correct.

24) Assume the U.S. government was to decide to decrease the budget deficit. Holding all else

constant, this will cause __________ to decrease. A) interest rates B) government borrowing C) unemployment D) interest rates and government borrowing E) None of the options are correct.

25) Assume that the Federal Reserve decreases the money supply. This action will cause

__________ to decrease. A) interest rates B) the unemployment rate C) investment in the economy D) trade balance E) inflation.

26) If the currency of your country is depreciating, the result should be to __________ exports

and to __________ imports. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; decrease E) not affect; not affect

27) If the currency of your country is appreciating, the result should be to __________ exports

and to __________ imports. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; decrease E) not affect; not affect

28) Increases in the money supply will cause demand for investment and consumption goods to

__________ in the short run and cause prices to __________ in the long run. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; hold steady E) be unaffected; be unaffected

29) The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes A) are for firms that operate in the NAFTA region, only. B) group firms by industry, only. C) are a perfect classification system for firms, only. D) are for firms that operate in the NAFTA region and group firms by industry. E) are for firms that operate in the NAFTA region and are a perfect classification system

for firms.

30) If interest rates increase, business investment expenditures are likely to __________, and

consumer durable expenditures are likely to __________. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; decrease E) be unaffected; be unaffected

31) Fiscal policy generally has a __________ direct impact than monetary policy on the

economy, and the formulation and implementation of fiscal policy is __________ than that of monetary policy. A) more; quicker B) more; slower C) less; quicker D) less; slower E) Cannot tell from the information given

32) Fiscal policy is difficult to implement quickly because: A) it requires political negotiations, only. B) much of government spending is nondiscretionary and cannot be changed, only. C) increases in tax rates affect consumer spending gradually, only. D) it requires political negotiations, and much of government spending is

nondiscretionary and cannot be changed. E) it requires political negotiations and increases in tax rates affect consumer spending gradually.

33) Inflation: A) is the rate at which the general level of prices is increasing. B) rates are high when the economy is considered to be "overheated." C) is unrelated to unemployment rates. D) is the rate at which the general level of prices is increasing, and rates are high when

the economy is considered to be "overheated." E) is the rate at which the general level of prices is increasing and is unrelated to unemployment rates.

34) Two firms, A and B, both produce widgets. The price of widgets is $1 each. Firm A has total

fixed costs of $500,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per widget. Firm B has total fixed costs of $240,000 and variable costs of 75¢ per widget. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 1,200,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,100,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, the after-tax profit of Firm A will be: A) $0. B) $6,000. C) $30,000. D) $60,000. E) None of the options are correct.

35) Two firms, A and B, both produce widgets. The price of widgets is $1 each. Firm A has total

fixed costs of $500,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per widget. Firm B has total fixed costs of $240,000 and variable costs of 75¢ per widget. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 1,200,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,100,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, the after-tax profit of Firm B will be: A) $0. B) $6,000. C) $36,000. D) $60,000. E) None of the options are correct.

36) Two firms, A and B, both produce widgets. The price of widgets is $1 each. Firm A has total

fixed costs of $500,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per widget. Firm B has total fixed costs of $240,000 and variable costs of 75¢ per widget. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 1,200,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,100,000 widgets. If the economy is strong, the after-tax profit of Firm A will be: A) $0. B) $6,000. C) $36,000. D) $60,000. E) None of the options are correct.

37) Two firms, A and B, both produce widgets. The price of widgets is $1 each. Firm A has total

fixed costs of $500,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per widget. Firm B has total fixed costs of $240,000 and variable costs of 75¢ per widget. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 1,200,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,100,000 widgets. If the economy is strong, the after-tax profit of Firm B will be: A) $0. B) $6,000. C) $36,000. D) $60,000. E) None of the options are correct.

38) Two firms, A and B, both produce widgets. The price of widgets is $1 each. Firm A has total

fixed costs of $500,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per widget. Firm B has total fixed costs of $240,000 and variable costs of 75¢ per widget. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 1,200,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,100,000 widgets. Calculate firm A's degree of operating leverage. A) 11.0 B) 2.86 C) 9.09 D) 1.00 E) None of the options are correct.

39) Two firms, A and B, both produce widgets. The price of widgets is $1 each. Firm A has total

fixed costs of $500,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per widget. Firm B has total fixed costs of $240,000 and variable costs of 75¢ per widget. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 1,200,000 widgets. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,100,000 widgets. Calculate firm B's degree of operating leverage. A) 0.714 B) 9.09 C) 7.86 D) 7.14 E) None of the options are correct.

40) Classifying firms into groups, such as __________, provides an alternative to the industry

life cycle. A) slow-growers, only B) stalwarts, only C) countercyclicals, only D) slow-growers and stalwarts E) slow-growers and countercyclicals

41) Supply-side economists wishing to stimulate the economy are most likely to recommend: A) a decrease in the money supply. B) a decrease in production output. C) an increase in the real interest rate. D) a decrease in the tax rate. E) an increase in mortgage rates.

42) Which of the following are not examples of defensive industries? A) Food producers, only B) Durable goods producers, only C) Pharmaceutical firms, only D) Public utilities, only E) All of are defensive industries.

43) Which of the following are examples of defensive industries? A) Food producers B) Durable goods producers C) Pharmaceutical firms D) Public utilities E) Food producers, pharmaceutical firms, and public utilities

44) __________ is a proposition that a strong proponent of supply-side economics would most

likely stress. A) Higher marginal tax rates will lead to a reduction in the size of the budget deficit and lower interest rates as they depend on government revenues B) Higher marginal tax rates promote economic inefficiency and thereby drag aggregate output as they encourage investors to undertake low productivity projects with substantial tax shelter benefits C) Income redistribution payments will exert little impact on real aggregate supply as they do not consume resources directly D) A tax reduction will increase the disposable income of households, and thus, the primary impact of a tax reduction on aggregate supply will stem from the influence of the tax change on the size of the budget deficit or surplus E) None of the options is a likely statement for a supply-side proponent.

45) The industry life cycle is described by which of the following stage(s)? A) Start-up B) Consolidation C) Absolute decline D) Start-up and consolidation E) All of the options are correct.

46) In the start-up stage of the industry life cycle,: A) it is easy to predict which firms will succeed and which firms will fail. B) industry growth is very slow. C) firms pay a high level of dividends. D) it is difficult to predict which firms will succeed and which firms will fail, and

industry growth is very rapid. E) industry growth is very rapid, and firms pay a high level of dividends.

47) In the consolidation stage of the industry life cycle, A) it is difficult to predict which firms will succeed and which firms will fail. B) industry growth is very rapid. C) the performance of firms will more closely track the performance of the overall

industry. D) it is difficult to predict which firms will succeed and which firms will fail, and industry growth is very rapid. E) industry growth is very rapid, and the performance of firms will more closely track the performance of the overall industry.

48) In the maturity stage of the industry life cycle, A) the product has reached full potential. B) profit margins are narrower. C) producers are forced to compete on price to a greater extent. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

49) In the decline stage of the industry life cycle, A) the product may have reached obsolescence, only. B) the industry will grow at a rate less than the overall economy, only. C) the industry may experience negative growth, only. D) the product may have reached obsolescence, and the industry will grow at a rate less

than the overall economy. E) the product may have reached obsolescence, the industry will grow at a rate less than the overall economy, and the industry may experience negative growth.

50) A variety of factors relating to industry structure affect the performance of the firm,

including: A) threat of entry, only. B) rivalry between existing competitors, only. C) the state of the economy, only. D) threat of entry and the state of the economy. E) threat of entry and rivalry between existing competitors.

51) The process of estimating the dividends and earnings that can be expected from the firm

based on determinants of value is called: A) business-cycle forecasting. B) macroeconomic forecasting. C) technical analysis. D) fundamental analysis. E) None of the options are correct.

52) The stock market exhibiting the highest return in 2021 was: Use Table 17.1. A) Russia. B) Singapore. C) Greece. D) South Korea. E) China.

53) The life cycle stage in which industry leaders are likely to emerge is the: A) start-up stage. B) maturity stage. C) consolidation stage. D) relative decline stage. E) All of the options are correct.

54) Investment manager Peter Lynch refers to firms that are in bankruptcy or soon might be as: A) slow growers. B) stalwarts. C) cyclicals. D) asset plays. E) turnarounds.

55) A top-down analysis of a firm's prospects starts with: A) an examination of the firm's industry. B) an evaluation of the firm's position within its industry. C) a forecast of interest-rate movements. D) an assessment of the broad economic environment. E) the application of the CAPM to find the firm's theoretical return.

56) In 2009, the P/E multiples of the S&P 500 companies was approximately: Use Figure 17.2. A) 8 B) 12 C) 19 D) 25 E) 35

57) The industry with the highest ROE in 2020 was: Use Figure 17.5. A) beverage (soft). B) trucking. C) business software. D) computer systems. E) integrated oil and gas.

58) The industry with the lowest ROE in 2020 was: Use Figure 17.5. A) money center banks. B) chemical products. C) business software. D) biotech. E) air transport.

59) The industry with the lowest return in 2020 was: Use Figure 17.6. A) coal. B) telecom services. C) health care. D) business software. E) money center banks.

60) The industry with the highest return in 2020 was: Use Figure 17.6. A) trucking. B) retail. C) health plans. D) asset management. E) money center banks.

61) Investors can __________ invest in an industry with the highest expected return by

purchasing __________. A) most easily; industry-specific iShares B) not; industry-specific iShares C) most easily; industry-specific ADRs D) not; individual stocks E) None of the options are correct.

62) Which of the following are key economic statistics that are used to describe the state of the

macroeconomy? 1. Gross domestic product 2. The unemployment rate 3. Inflation 4. Consumer sentiment 5. The budget deficit A) 1, 2, and 5 B) 1, 3, and 5 C) 1, 2, and 3 D) 1, 2, 3, and 5 E) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

63) An example of a positive demand shock is: A) a decrease in the money supply. B) a decrease in government spending. C) a decrease in foreign export demand. D) a decrease in the price of imported oil. E) a decrease in tax rates.

64) An example of a negative demand shock is: A) a decrease in the money supply, only. B) a decrease in government spending, only. C) an increase in foreign export demand, only. D) a decrease in the price of imported oil, only. E) a decrease in the money supply and a decrease in government spending.

65) During which stage of the industry life cycle would a firm experience stable growth in sales? A) Consolidation B) Relative decline C) Maturity D) Start-up E) Stabilization

66) The stock market exhibiting the highest local currency return in 2018 was: Use Table 17.1. A) Russia. B) China. C) Singapore. D) Mexico. E) Brazil.

67) Sector rotation: A) should always be carried out. B) is never worthwhile. C) is shifting the portfolio more heavily toward an industry or sector that is expected to

perform well in the future. D) can be implemented without cost. E) is easy to predict accurately.

68) According to Michael Porter, there are five determinants of competition. An example of

__________ is the threat new competitors pose to existing competitors in an industry. A) threat of entry B) rivalry between existing competitors C) pressure from substitute products D) bargaining power of buyers E) bargaining power of suppliers

69) According to Michael Porter, there are five determinants of competition. An example of

__________ is when competitors seek to expand their share of the market. A) threat of entry B) rivalry between existing competitors C) pressure from substitute products D) bargaining power of buyers E) bargaining power of suppliers

70) According to Michael Porter, there are five determinants of competition. An example of

_____ is when the availability limits the prices that can be charged to customers. A) threat of entry B) rivalry between existing competitors C) pressure from substitute products D) bargaining power of buyers E) bargaining power of suppliers

71) According to Michael Porter, there are five determinants of competition. An example of

__________ is when a buyer purchases a large fraction of an industry's output and can demand price concessions. A) threat of entry B) rivalry between existing competitors C) pressure from substitute products D) bargaining power of buyers E) bargaining power of suppliers

72) Assume the U.S. government was to decide to increase the budget field. Holding all else

constant, this will cause __________ to increase. A) interest rates, only B) government borrowing, only C) unemployment, only D) interest rates and government borrowing E) None of the options are correct.

73) If interest rates decrease, business investment expenditures are likely to __________, and

consumer durable expenditures are likely to __________. A) increase; increase B) increase; decrease C) decrease; increase D) decrease; decrease E) be unaffected; be unaffected

74) An example of a defensive industry is A) the automobile industry, only. B) the tobacco industry, only. C) the food industry, only. D) the automobile industry and the tobacco industry. E) the tobacco industry and the food industry.

75) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, the total revenue of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $1,400,000. C) $2,000,000. D) $0. E) None of the options are correct.

76) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, the total cost of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $1,170,000. C) $750,000. D) $420,000. E) None of the options are correct.

77) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, the before-tax profit of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $1,170,000. C) $510,000. D) $204,000. E) None of the options are correct.

78) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, the tax of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $750,000. C) $510,000. D) $204,000. E) None of the options are correct.

79) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, the after-tax profit of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $750,000. C) $510,000. D) $204,000. E) $306,000.

80) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy is strong, the total revenue of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $1,400,000. C) $2,000,000. D) $2,400,000. E) None of the options are correct.

81) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy is strong, the total cost of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $1,170,000. C) $1,350,000. D) $420,000. E) None of the options are correct.

82) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy is strong, the before-tax profit of firm C will be: A) $1,680,000. B) $1,050,000. C) $510,000. D) $204,000. E) None of the options are correct.

83) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy is strong, the tax of firm C will be: A) $420,000. B) $750,000. C) $510,000. D) $204,000.

84) Two firms, C and D, both produce coat hangers. The price of coat hangers is $1.20 each.

Firm C has total fixed costs of $750,000 and variable costs of 30¢ per coat hanger. Firm D has total fixed costs of $400,000 and variable costs of 50¢ per coat hanger. The corporate tax rate is 40%. If the economy is strong, each firm will sell 2,000,000 coat hangers. If the economy enters a recession, each firm will sell 1,400,000 coat hangers. If the economy is strong, the after-tax profit of firm C will be: A) $0. B) $6,000. C) $36,000. D) $60,000. E) $630,000.

85) If a firm's sales decrease by 15%, and profits decrease by 20% during a recession, the firm's

operating leverage is: A) 1.33. B) 0.75. C) 5. D) −5. E) None of the options are correct.

86) Markets reacted positively to the United States Mexico Canada Agreement (USMCA) as a

replacement for NAFTA. If the agreement failed to be ratified by congress, the resulting negative economic impact would be an example of __________. A) political risk B) interest rate risk C) volatility D) currency risk E) None of the options are correct.

87) Profits made by Canadian investors in Russia, become negative when repatriated to Canada.

This is an example of __________. A) political risk B) interest rate risk C) volatility D) currency risk E) None of the options are correct.

88) Japan announces a tariff on rice imported from China. In doing so, the resulting impact on

consumers is similar to that of __________. A) budget deficits B) unemployment C) deflation D) tax increases E) None of the options are correct.

89) Unemployment declines dramatically. This is a __________. A) leading economic indicators B) coincidental economic indicators C) lagging economic indicators D) not useful as economic indicators E) None of the options are correct.

90) Industrial production increases. This is a __________. A) leading economic indicators B) coincidental economic indicators C) lagging economic indicators D) not useful as economic indicators E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 17 1) D 2) A 3) E 4) C 5) C 6) D 7) C 8) B 9) A 10) A 11) A 12) C 13) C 14) C 15) D 16) D 17) A 18) C 19) A 20) B 21) A 22) E 23) D 24) D 25) C 26) B 27) C 28) A 29) D 30) D 31) B 32) D 33) D 34) C 35) E 36) D 37) C

38) A 39) C 40) D 41) D 42) B 43) E 44) B 45) D 46) D 47) C 48) D 49) E 50) E 51) D 52) A 53) C 54) E 55) D 56) D 57) A 58) E 59) A 60) B 61) A 62) E 63) E 64) E 65) A 66) E 67) C 68) A 69) B 70) C 71) D 72) D 73) A 74) E 75) A 76) B 77) C

78) D 79) E 80) D 81) C 82) B 83) A 84) E 85) A 86) A 87) D 88) D 89) C 90) B

Chapter 18:__________ 1) _________ is equal to the total market value of the firm's common stock divided by (the

replacement cost of the firm's assets less liabilities). A) Book value per share B) Liquidation value per share C) Market value per share D) Tobin's Q E) None of the options are correct.

2) High P/E ratios tend to indicate that a company will _________, ceteris paribus. A) grow quickly B) grow at the same speed as the average company C) grow slowly D) not grow E) None of the options are correct.

3) _________ is equal to common shareholders' equity divided by common shares outstanding. A) Book value per share B) Liquidation value per share C) Market value per share D) Tobin's Q E) None of the options are correct.

4) _________ are analysts who use information concerning current and prospective profitability

of a firm to assess the firm's fair market value. A) Credit analysts B) Fundamental analysts C) Systems analysts D) Technical analysts E) Specialists

5) The _________ is defined as the present value of all cash proceeds to the investor in the

stock. A) B) C) D) E)

dividend-payout ratio intrinsic value market-capitalization rate plowback ratio None of the options are correct.

6) _________ is the amount of money per common share that could be realized by breaking up

the firm, selling the assets, repaying the debt, and distributing the remainder to shareholders. A) Book value per share B) Liquidation value per share C) Market value per share D) Tobin's Q E) None of the options are correct.

7) Since 1955, Treasury bond yields and earnings yields on stocks have been: A) identical. B) negatively correlated. C) positively correlated. D) uncorrelated. E) None of the options are correct.

8) Historically, P/E ratios have tended to be: A) higher when inflation has been high. B) lower when inflation has been high. C) uncorrelated with inflation rates but correlated with other macroeconomic variables. D) uncorrelated with any macroeconomic variables, including inflation rates. E) None of the options are correct.

9) The _________ is a common term for the market consensus value of the required return on a

stock. A) B) C) D) E)

dividend payout ratio intrinsic value market capitalization rate plowback rate None of the options are correct.

10) The _________ is the fraction of earnings reinvested in the firm. A) dividend payout ratio, only, B) retention rate, only, C) plowback ratio, only, D) dividend payout ratio and plowback ratio E) retention rate or plowback ratio

11) The Gordon model: A) is a generalization of the perpetuity formula to cover the case of a growing perpetuity,

only. B) is valid only when g is less than k, only. C) is valid only when k is less than g, only. D) is a generalization of the perpetuity formula to cover the case of a growing perpetuity and is valid only when g is less than k. E) is a generalization of the perpetuity formula to cover the case of a growing perpetuity and is valid only when k is less than g.

12) You wish to earn a return of 13% on each of two stocks, X and Y. Stock X is expected to pay

a dividend of $3 in the upcoming year while stock Y is expected to pay a dividend of $4 in the upcoming year. The expected growth rate of dividends for both stocks is 7%. The intrinsic value of stock X: A) will be greater than the intrinsic value of stock Y. B) will be the same as the intrinsic value of stock Y. C) will be less than the intrinsic value of stock Y. D) will be the same or greater than the intrinsic value of stock Y. E) None of the options are correct.

13) You wish to earn a return of 11% on each of two stocks, C and D. Stock C is expected to pay

a dividend of $3 in the upcoming year while stock D is expected to pay a dividend of $4 in the upcoming year. The expected growth rate of dividends for both stocks is 7%. The intrinsic value of stock C: A) will be greater than the intrinsic value of stock D. B) will be the same as the intrinsic value of stock D. C) will be less than the intrinsic value of stock D. D) will be the same or greater than the intrinsic value of stock D. E) None of the options are correct.

14) You wish to earn a return of 12% on each of two stocks, A and B. Each of the stocks is

expected to pay a dividend of $2 in the upcoming year. The expected growth rate of dividends is 9% for stock A and 10% for stock B. The intrinsic value of stock A: A) will be greater than the intrinsic value of stock B. B) will be the same as the intrinsic value of stock B. C) will be less than the intrinsic value of stock B. D) will be the same or greater than the intrinsic value of stock B. E) None of the options are correct.

15) You wish to earn a return of 10% on each of two stocks, C and D. Each of the stocks is

expected to pay a dividend of $2 in the upcoming year. The expected growth rate of dividends is 9% for stock C and 10% for stock D. The intrinsic value of stock C: A) will be greater than the intrinsic value of stock D. B) will be the same as the intrinsic value of stock D. C) will be less than the intrinsic value of stock D. D) will be the same or greater than the intrinsic value of stock D. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Each of two stocks, A and B, are expected to pay a dividend of $5 in the upcoming year. The

expected growth rate of dividends is 10% for both stocks. You require a rate of return of 11% on stock A and a return of 20% on stock B. The intrinsic value of stock A: A) will be greater than the intrinsic value of stock B. B) will be the same as the intrinsic value of stock B. C) will be less than the intrinsic value of stock B. D) cannot be calculated without knowing the market rate of return. E) None of the options are correct.

17) Each of two stocks, C and D, are expected to pay a dividend of $3 in the upcoming year. The

expected growth rate of dividends is 9% for both stocks. You require a rate of return of 10% on stock C and a return of 13% on stock D. The intrinsic value of stock C: A) will be greater than the intrinsic value of stock D. B) will be the same as the intrinsic value of stock D. C) will be less than the intrinsic value of stock D. D) cannot be calculated without knowing the market rate of return. E) None of the options are correct.

18) If the expected ROE on reinvested earnings is equal to k, the multistage DDM reduces to: A) V0 = (Expected dividend yield in year 1) ÷ k. B) V0 = (Expected EPS in year 1) ÷ k. C) V0 = (Treasury bond yield in year 1) ÷ k. D) V0 = (Market return in year 1) ÷ k. E) None of the options are correct.

19) Turtle Corporation has an expected ROE of 10%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of paying 40% of earnings in the form of dividends. A) 6.0% B) 4.8% C) 7.2% D) 3.0% E) None of the options are correct.

20) Melody Corporation has an expected ROE of 14%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of paying 60% of earnings in the form of dividends. A) 4.8% B) 5.6% C) 7.2% D) 6.0% E) None of the options are correct.

21) Rigel Corporation has an expected ROE of 16%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of paying 70% of earnings in the form of dividends. A) 3.0% B) 6.0% C) 7.2% D) 4.8% E) None of the options are correct.

22) Zoomer Corporation has an expected ROE of 15%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of paying 50% of earnings in the form of dividends. A) 3.0% B) 4.8% C) 7.5% D) 6.0% E) None of the options are correct.

23) Med-Nac Corporation has an expected ROE of 11%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of paying 25% of earnings in the form of dividends. A) 3.0% B) 4.8% C) 8.25% D) 9.0% E) None of the options are correct.

24) Torie Corporation has an expected ROE of 15%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of plowing back 75% of earnings. A) 3.75% B) 11.25% C) 8.25% D) 15.0% E) None of the options are correct.

25) Haw Corporation has an expected ROE of 26%. The dividend growth rate will be _________

if the firm follows a policy of plowing back 90% of earnings. A) 2.6% B) 10% C) 22% D) 90% E) None of the options are correct.

26) Keene & Nichols Corporation has an expected ROE of 9%. The dividend growth rate will be

_________ if the firm follows a policy of plowing back 10% of earnings. A) 90% B) 10% C) 9% D) 0.9% E) None of the options are correct.

27) A preferred stock will pay a dividend of $2.75 in the upcoming year and every year

thereafter; i.e., dividends are not expected to grow. You require a return of 10% on this stock. Use the constant growth DDM to calculate the intrinsic value of this preferred stock. A) $0.275 B) $27.50 C) $31.82 D) $56.25 E) None of the options are correct.

28) A preferred stock will pay a dividend of $3.00 in the upcoming year and every year

thereafter; i.e., dividends are not expected to grow. You require a return of 9% on this stock. Use the constant growth DDM to calculate the intrinsic value of this preferred stock. A) $33.33 B) $0.27 C) $31.82 D) $56.25 E) None of the options are correct.

29) A preferred stock will pay a dividend of $1.25 in the upcoming year and every year

thereafter; i.e., dividends are not expected to grow. You require a return of 12% on this stock. Use the constant growth DDM to calculate the intrinsic value of this preferred stock. A) $11.56 B) $9.65 C) $11.82 D) $10.42 E) None of the options are correct.

30) A preferred stock will pay a dividend of $3.50 in the upcoming year and every year

thereafter; i.e., dividends are not expected to grow. You require a return of 11% on this stock. Use the constant growth DDM to calculate the intrinsic value of this preferred stock. A) $0.39 B) $0.56 C) $31.82 D) $56.25 E) None of the options are correct.

31) A preferred stock will pay a dividend of $7.50 in the upcoming year and every year

thereafter; i.e., dividends are not expected to grow. You require a return of 10% on this stock. Use the constant growth DDM to calculate the intrinsic value of this preferred stock. A) $0.75 B) $7.50 C) $64.12 D) $56.25 E) None of the options are correct.

32) A preferred stock will pay a dividend of $6.00 in the upcoming year and every year

thereafter; i.e., dividends are not expected to grow. You require a return of 10% on this stock. Use the constant growth DDM to calculate the intrinsic value of this preferred stock. A) $0.60 B) $6.00 C) $600 D) $60.00 E) None of the options are correct.

33) You are considering acquiring a common stock that you would like to hold for one year. You

expect to receive both $1.25 in dividends and $32 from the sale of the stock at the end of the year. The maximum price you would pay for the stock today is _________ if you wanted to earn a 10% return. A) $30.23 B) $24.11 C) $26.52 D) $27.50 E) None of the options are correct.

34) You are considering acquiring a common stock that you would like to hold for one year. You

expect to receive both $0.75 in dividends and $16 from the sale of the stock at the end of the year. The maximum price you would pay for the stock today is _________ if you wanted to earn a 12% return. A) $23.91 B) $14.96 C) $26.52 D) $27.50 E) None of the options are correct.

35) You are considering acquiring a common stock that you would like to hold for one year. You

expect to receive both $2.50 in dividends and $28 from the sale of the stock at the end of the year. The maximum price you would pay for the stock today is _________ if you wanted to earn a 15% return. A) $23.91 B) $24.11 C) $26.52 D) $27.50 E) None of the options are correct.

36) You are considering acquiring a common stock that you would like to hold for one year. You

expect to receive both $3.50 in dividends and $42 from the sale of the stock at the end of the year. The maximum price you would pay for the stock today is _________ if you wanted to earn a 10% return. A) $23.91 B) $24.11 C) $26.52 D) $27.50 E) None of the options are correct.

37) Red Stapler Company has a balance sheet which lists $85 million in assets, $40 million in

liabilities, and $45 million in common shareholders' equity. It has 1,400,000 common shares outstanding. The replacement cost of the assets is $115 million. The market share price is $90. Milton was told the value Red Stapler's book value per share is _________. A) $1.68 B) $2.60 C) $32.14 D) $60.71 E) None of the options are correct.

38) Red Stapler Company has a balance sheet which lists $85 million in assets, $40 million in

liabilities, and $45 million in common shareholders' equity. It has 1,400,000 common shares outstanding. The replacement cost of the assets is $115 million. The market share price is $90. Milton was told the value Red Stapler's market value per share is _________. A) $1.68 B) $2.60 C) $32.14 D) $60.71 E) None of the options are correct.

39) One of the problems with attempting to forecast stock market values is that: A) there are no variables that seem to predict market return. B) the earnings multiplier approach can only be used at the firm level. C) the level of uncertainty surrounding the forecast will always be quite high. D) dividend-payout ratios are highly variable. E) None of the options are correct.

40) The most popular approach to forecasting the overall stock market is to use: A) the dividend multiplier. B) the aggregate return on assets. C) the historical ratio of book value to market value. D) the aggregate earnings multiplier. E) Tobin's Q.

41) Initech is expected to pay a dividend of $2 in the upcoming year. The risk-free rate of return

is 4%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. Analysts expect the price of Initech shares to be $22 a year from now. The beta of Initech's stock is 1.25. The market's required rate of return on INitech's stock is: A) 14.0%. B) 17.5%. C) 16.5%. D) 15.25%. E) None of the options are correct.

42) Initech is expected to pay a dividend of $2 in the upcoming year. The risk-free rate of return

is 4%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. Analysts expect the price of Initech shares to be $22 a year from now. The beta of Initech's stock is 1.25. What is the intrinsic value of Initech's stock today? A) $20.60 B) $20.00 C) $12.12 D) $22.00 E) None of the options are correct.

43) Initech is expected to pay a dividend of $2 in the upcoming year. The risk-free rate of return

is 4%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. The beta of Initech's stock is 1.25. If Initech's intrinsic value is $21.00 today, what must be its growth rate? A) 0.0% B) 10% C) 4% D) 6% E) 7%

44) The Mondays Company is expected to pay a dividend of $1.00 in the upcoming year.

Dividends are expected to grow at the rate of 6% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 5%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 13%. The stock of the Mondays Company has a beta of 1.2. What is the return you should require on The Mondays stock? A) 12.0% B) 14.6% C) 15.6% D) 20% E) None of the options are correct.

45) The Mondays Company is expected to pay a dividend of $1.00 in the upcoming year.

Dividends are expected to grow at the rate of 6% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 5%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 13%. The stock of the Mondays Company has a beta of 1.2. What is the intrinsic value of The Mondays stock? A) $14.29 B) $14.60 C) $12.33 D) $11.62 E) None of the options are correct.

46) Milton Travel Corporation is expected to pay a dividend of $7 in the coming year. Dividends

are expected to grow at the rate of 15% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. The stock of Milton Travel Corporation has a beta of 3.00. The return you should require on the stock is: A) 10%. B) 18%. C) 30%. D) 42%. E) None of the options are correct.

47) Slow Silver Scuba Corporation is expected to pay a dividend of $8 in the upcoming year.

Dividends are expected to decline at the rate of 2% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. The stock of Slow Silver Scuba Corporation has a beta of −0.25. The return you should require on the stock is: A) 2%. B) 4%. C) 6%. D) 8%. E) None of the options are correct.

48) Salted Chips Company is expected to have EPS in the coming year of $2.50. The expected

ROE is 12.5%. An appropriate required return on the stock is 11%. If the firm has a plowback ratio of 70%, the growth rate of dividends should be: A) 5.00%. B) 6.25%. C) 6.60%. D) 7.50%. E) 8.75%.

49) A company paid a dividend last year of $1.75. The expected ROE for next year is 14.5%. An

appropriate required return on the stock is 10%. If the firm has a plowback ratio of 75%, the dividend in the coming year should be: A) $1.80. B) $2.12. C) $1.77. D) $1.94. E) None of the options are correct.

50) Salted Chips Company paid a dividend last year of $2.50. The expected ROE for next year is

12.5%. An appropriate required return on the stock is 11%. If the firm has a plowback ratio of 60%, the dividend in the coming year should be: A) $1.00. B) $2.50. C) $2.69. D) $2.81. E) None of the options are correct.

51) Suppose that the average P/E multiple in the oil industry is 20. Non-Standard Oil Corporation

is expected to have an EPS of $3.00 in the coming year. The intrinsic value of Non-Standard Oil Corporation stock should be: A) $28.12. B) $35.55. C) $60.00. D) $72.00. E) None of the options are correct.

52) Suppose that the average P/E multiple in the oil industry is 22. Exxon is expected to have an

EPS of $1.50 in the coming year. The intrinsic value of Exxon stock should be: A) $33.00. B) $35.55. C) $63.00. D) $72.00. E) None of the options are correct.

53) Suppose that the average P/E multiple in the software industry is 16. Intertrade Corporation

is expected to have an EPS of $4.50 in the coming year. The intrinsic value of Intertrade Corporation stock should be: A) $28.12. B) $35.55. C) $63.00. D) $72.00. E) None of the options are correct.

54) Suppose that the average P/E multiple in the gas industry is 17. KMP is expected to have an

EPS of $5.50 in the coming year. The intrinsic value of KMP stock should be: A) $28.12. B) $93.50. C) $63.00. D) $72.00. E) None of the options are correct.

55) An analyst has determined that the intrinsic value of VM CORPORATION stock is $20 per

share using the capitalized earnings model. If the typical P/E ratio in the computer industry is 25, then it would be reasonable to assume the expected EPS of VM CORPORATION in the coming year is: A) $3.63. B) $4.44. C) $0.80. D) $22.50. E) None of the options are correct.

56) An analyst has determined that the intrinsic value of Dell stock is $34 per share using the

capitalized earnings model. If the typical P/E ratio in the computer industry is 27, then it would be reasonable to assume the expected EPS of Dell in the coming year will be: A) $3.63. B) $4.44. C) $14.40. D) $1.26. E) None of the options are correct.

57) An analyst has determined that the intrinsic value of Coca Cola stock is $80 per share using

the capitalized earnings model. If the typical P/E ratio in the computer industry is 22, then it would be reasonable to assume the expected EPS of Coca Cola in the coming year is: A) $3.64. B) $4.44. C) $14.40. D) $22.50. E) None of the options are correct.

58) Thrones Dragon Company is expected to pay a dividend of $8 in the coming year. Dividends

are expected to decline at the rate of 2% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. The stock of Thrones Dragon Company has a beta of −0.25. The intrinsic value of the stock is: A) $80.00. B) $133.33. C) $200.00. D) $400.00. E) None of the options are correct.

59) No Fly Airlines is expected to pay a dividend of $7 in the coming year. Dividends are

expected to grow at the rate of 15% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. The stock of No Fly Airlines has a beta of 3.00. The intrinsic value of the stock is: A) $46.67. B) $50.00. C) $56.00. D) $62.50. E) None of the options are correct.

60) Sunshine Corporation is expected to pay a dividend of $1.50 in the upcoming year.

Dividends are expected to grow at the rate of 6% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 6%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 14%. The stock of Sunshine Corporation has a beta of 0.75. The intrinsic value of the stock is: A) $10.71. B) $15.00. C) $17.75. D) $25.00. E) None of the options are correct.

61) Low Tech Chip Company is expected to have EPS of $2.50 in the coming year. The expected

ROE is 14%. An appropriate required return on the stock is 11%. If the firm has a dividend payout ratio of 40%, the intrinsic value of the stock should be: A) $22.73. B) $27.50. C) $28.57. D) $38.46. E) None of the options are correct.

62) Risk Metrics Company is expected to pay a dividend of $3.50 in the coming year. Dividends

are expected to grow at a rate of 10% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 5%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 13%. The stock is trading in the market today at a price of $90.00. What is the market-capitalization rate for Risk Metrics? A) 13.6% B) 13.9% C) 15.6% D) 16.9% E) None of the options are correct.

63) Risk Metrics Company is expected to pay a dividend of $3.50 in the coming year. Dividends

are expected to grow at a rate of 10% per year. The risk-free rate of return is 5%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 13%. The stock is trading in the market today at a price of $90.00. What is the approximate beta of Risk Metrics's stock? A) 0.8 B) 1.0 C) 1.1 D) 1.4 E) None of the options are correct.

64) The market-capitalization rate on the stock of Flexsteel Company is 12%. The expected ROE

is 13%, and the expected EPS are $3.60. If the firm's plowback ratio is 50%, the P/E ratio will be: A) 7.69. B) 8.33. C) 9.09. D) 11.11. E) None of the options are correct.

65) The market-capitalization rate on the stock of Flexsteel Company is 12%. The expected ROE

is 13%, and the expected EPS are $3.60. If the firm's plowback ratio is 75%, the P/E ratio will be: A) 7.69. B) 8.33. C) 9.09. D) 11.11. E) None of the options are correct.

66) The market-capitalization rate on the stock of Fast Growing Company is 20%. The expected

ROE is 22%, and the expected EPS are $6.10. If the firm's plowback ratio is 90%, the P/E ratio will be: A) 7.69. B) 8.33. C) 9.09. D) 11.11. E) 50.00.

67) JCPenney Company is expected to pay a dividend in year 1 of $1.65, a dividend in year 2 of

$1.97, and a dividend in year 3 of $2.54. After year 3, dividends are expected to grow at the rate of 8% per year. An appropriate required return for the stock is 11%. The stock should be worth _________ today. A) $33.00 B) $40.67 C) $71.80 D) $66.00 E) None of the options are correct.

68) Exercise Bicycle Company is expected to pay a dividend in year 1 of $1.20, a dividend in

year 2 of $1.50, and a dividend in year 3 of $2.00. After year 3, dividends are expected to grow at the rate of 10% per year. An appropriate required return for the stock is 14%. The stock should be worth _________ today. A) $33.00 B) $39.86 C) $55.00 D) $66.00 E) $40.68

69) Antiquated Products Corporation produces goods that are very mature in their product life

cycles. Antiquated Products Corporation is expected to pay a dividend in year 1 of $1.00, a dividend of $0.90 in year 2, and a dividend of $0.85 in year 3. After year 3, dividends are expected to decline at a rate of 2% per year. An appropriate required rate of return for the stock is 8%. The stock should be worth: A) $8.98. B) $10.57. C) $20.00. D) $22.22. E) None of the options are correct.

70) Mature Products Corporation produces goods that are very mature in their product life cycles.

Mature Products Corporation is expected to pay a dividend in year 1 of $2.00, a dividend of $1.50 in year 2, and a dividend of $1.00 in year 3. After year 3, dividends are expected to decline at a rate of 1% per year. An appropriate required rate of return for the stock is 10%. The stock should be worth: A) $9.00. B) $10.57. C) $20.00. D) $22.22. E) None of the options are correct.

71) Consider the free cash flow approach to stock valuation. Utica Manufacturing Company is

expected to have before-tax cash flow from operations of $500,000 in the coming year. The firm's corporate tax rate is 30%. It is expected that $200,000 of operating cash flow will be invested in new fixed assets. Depreciation for the year will be $100,000. After the coming year, cash flows are expected to grow at 6% per year. The appropriate market-capitalization rate for unleveraged cash flow is 15% per year. The firm has no outstanding debt. The projected free cash flow of Utica Manufacturing Company for the coming year is: A) $150,000. B) $180,000. C) $300,000. D) $380,000. E) None of the options are correct.

72) Consider the free cash flow approach to stock valuation. Utica Manufacturing Company is

expected to have before-tax cash flow from operations of $500,000 in the coming year. The firm's corporate tax rate is 30%. It is expected that $200,000 of operating cash flow will be invested in new fixed assets. Depreciation for the year will be $100,000. After the coming year, cash flows are expected to grow at 6% per year. The appropriate market capitalization rate for unleveraged cash flow is 15% per year. The firm has no outstanding debt. The total value of the equity of Utica Manufacturing Company should be: A) $1,000,000. B) $2,000,000. C) $3,000,000. D) $4,000,000. E) None of the options are correct.

73) A firm's earnings per share increased from $10 to $12, dividends increased from $4.00 to

$4.80, and the share price increased from $80 to $90. Given this information, it follows that: A) the stock experienced a drop in the P/E ratio. B) the firm had a decrease in dividend-payout ratio. C) the firm increased the number of shares outstanding. D) the required rate of return decreased. E) None of the options are correct.

74) In the dividend discount model, which of the following are not incorporated into the discount

rate? A) B) C) D) E)

Real risk-free rate Risk premium for stocks Return on assets Expected inflation rate None of the options are correct.

75) A company whose stock is selling at a P/E ratio greater than the P/E ratio of a market index

most likely has: A) an anticipated earnings growth rate which is less than that of the average firm. B) a dividend yield which is less than that of the average firm. C) less predictable earnings growth than that of the average firm. D) greater cyclicality of earnings growth than that of the average firm. E) None of the options are correct.

76) Other things being equal, a low _________ would be most consistent with a relatively high

growth rate of firm earnings. A) dividend-payout ratio B) degree of financial leverage C) variability of earnings D) inflation rate E) None of the options are correct.

77) A firm has a return on equity of 14% and a dividend-payout ratio of 60%. The firm's

anticipated growth rate is: A) 5%. B) 10%. C) 14%. D) 20%. E) None of the options are correct.

78) A firm has a return on equity of 20% and a dividend-payout ratio of 30%. The firm's

anticipated growth rate is: A) 6%. B) 10%. C) 14%. D) 20%. E) None of the options are correct.

79) Sales Company paid a $1.00 dividend per share last year and is expected to continue to pay

out 40% of earnings as dividends for the foreseeable future. If the firm is expected to generate a 10% return on equity in the future, and if you require a 12% return on the stock, the value of the stock is: A) $17.67. B) $13.00. C) $16.67. D) $18.67. E) None of the options are correct.

80) Assume that Malnava Company will pay a $2.00 dividend per share next year, an increase

from the current dividend of $1.50 per share that was just paid. After that, the dividend is expected to increase at a constant rate of 5%. If you require a 12% return on the stock, the value of the stock is: A) $28.57. B) $28.79. C) $30.00. D) $31.78. E) None of the options are correct.

81) The growth in dividends of Music Doctors, Incorporated is expected to be 8% per year for

the next two years, followed by a growth rate of 4% per year for three years. After this fiveyear period, the growth in dividends is expected to be 3% per year, indefinitely. The required rate of return on Music Doctors, Incorporated is 11%. Last year's dividends per share were $2.75. What should the stock sell for today? A) $8.99 B) $25.21 C) $39.71 D) $110.00 E) None of the options are correct.

82) The growth in dividends of ABC, Incorporated is expected to be 15% per year for the next

three years, followed by a growth rate of 8% per year for two years. After this five-year period, the growth in dividends is expected to be 3% per year, indefinitely. The required rate of return on ABC, Incorporated is 13%. Last year's dividends per share were $1.85. What should the stock sell for today? A) $8.99 B) $25.21 C) $40.00 D) $27.74 E) None of the options are correct.

83) The growth in dividends of XYZ, Incorporated is expected to be 10% per year for the next

two years, followed by a growth rate of 5% per year for three years. After this five-year period, the growth in dividends is expected to be 2% per year, indefinitely. The required rate of return on XYZ, Incorporated is 12%. Last year's dividends per share were $2.00. What should the stock sell for today? A) $8.99 B) $25.21 C) $40.00 D) $110.00 E) None of the options are correct.

84) If a firm has a required rate of return equal to the ROE, A) the firm can increase market price and P/E by retaining more earnings. B) the firm can increase market price and P/E by increasing the growth rate. C) the amount of earnings retained by the firm does not affect market price or the P/E. D) the firm can increase market price and P/E by retaining more earnings and increasing

the growth rate. E) None of the options are correct.

85) According to James Tobin, the long-run value of Tobin's Q should move toward: A) 0. B) 1. C) 2. D) infinity. E) None of the options are correct.

86) The goal of fundamental analysts is to find securities: A) whose intrinsic value exceeds market price. B) with a positive present value of growth opportunities. C) with high market capitalization rates. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

87) The dividend discount model: A) ignores capital gains. B) incorporates the after-tax value of capital gains. C) includes capital gains implicitly. D) restricts capital gains to a minimum. E) None of the options are correct.

88) Many stock analysts assume that a mispriced stock will: A) immediately return to its intrinsic value. B) return to its intrinsic value within a few days. C) never return to its intrinsic value. D) gradually approach its intrinsic value over several years. E) None of the options are correct.

89) Investors want high plowback ratios: A) for all firms. B) whenever ROE > k. C) whenever k > ROE. D) only when they are in low tax brackets. E) whenever bank interest rates are high.

90) Because the DDM requires multiple estimates, investors should: A) carefully examine inputs to the model, only. B) perform sensitivity analysis on price estimates, only. C) not use this model without expert assistance, only. D) feel confident that DDM estimates are correct, only. E) carefully examine inputs to the model and perform sensitivity analysis on price

estimates.

91) According to Peter Lynch, a rough rule of thumb for security analysis is that: A) the growth rate should be equal to the plowback rate. B) the growth rate should be equal to the dividend-payout rate. C) the growth rate should be low for emerging industries. D) the growth rate should be equal to the P/E ratio. E) None of the options are correct.

92) Dividend discount models and P/E ratios are used by _________ to try to find mispriced

securities. A) technical analysts B) statistical analysts C) fundamental analysts D) dividend analysts E) psychoanalysts

93) Which of the following is the best measure of the floor for a stock price? A) Book value B) Liquidation value C) Replacement cost D) Market value E) Tobin's Q

94) Who popularized the dividend discount model, which is sometimes referred to by his name? A) Burton Malkiel B) Frederick Macaulay C) Harry Markowitz D) Marshall Blume E) Myron Gordon

95) If a firm follows a low-investment-rate plan (applies a low plowback ratio), its dividends will

be _________ now and _________ in the future than a firm that follows a high-reinvestmentrate plan. A) higher; higher B) lower; lower C) lower; higher D) higher; lower E) It is not possible to tell.

96) The present value of growth opportunities (PVGO) is equal to: 1. the difference between a stock's price and its no-growth value per share. 2. the stock's price. 3. zero if its return on equity equals the discount rate. 4. the net present value of future investment opportunities. A) 1 and 4 B) 2 and 4 C) 1, 3, and 4 D) 2, 3, and 4 E) 3 and 4

97) Low P/E ratios tend to indicate that a company will _________, ceteris paribus. A) grow quickly B) grow at the same speed as the average company C) grow slowly D) P/E ratios are unrelated to growth. E) None of the options are correct.

98) Earnings management is: A) when management makes changes in the operations of the firm to ensure that

earnings do not increase or decrease too rapidly. B) when management makes changes in the operations of the firm to ensure that earnings do not increase too rapidly. C) when management makes changes in the operations of the firm to ensure that earnings do not decrease too rapidly. D) the practice of using flexible accounting rules to improve the apparent profitability of the firm. E) None of the options are correct.

99) A version of earnings management that became common in the 1990s was: A) when management made changes in the operations of the firm to ensure that earnings

did not increase or decrease too rapidly. B) reported "pro forma earnings." C) when management made changes in the operations of the firm to ensure that earnings did not increase too rapidly. D) when management made changes in the operations of the firm to ensure that earnings did not decrease too rapidly. E) None of the options are correct.

100)

GAAP allows: A) no leeway to manage earnings. B) minimal leeway to manage earnings. C) considerable leeway to manage earnings. D) earnings management if it is beneficial in increasing stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

101)

The most appropriate discount rate to use when applying a FCFE valuation model is the: A) required rate of return on equity. B) WACC. C) risk-free rate. D) None of the options are correct.

102)

WACC is the most appropriate discount rate to use when applying a _________ valuation model. A) FCFF B) FCFE C) DDM D) FCFF or DDM, depending on the debt level of the firm, E) P/E

103)

The most appropriate discount rate to use when applying a FCFF valuation model is the: A) required rate of return on equity. B) WACC. C) risk-free rate. D) required rate of return on equity or risk-free rate, depending on the debt level of the firm. E) None of the options are correct.

104)

The required rate of return on equity is the most appropriate discount rate to use when applying a _________ valuation model. A) FCFE B) FCEF C) WACC D) FCEF or WACC E) P/E

105)

Siri had a FCFE of $1.6M last year and has 3.2M shares outstanding. Siri's required return on equity is 12%, and WACC is 9.8%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 9% forever, the intrinsic value of Siri's shares is: A) $68.13. B) $18.17. C) $26.35. D) $14.76. E) None of the options are correct.

106)

Zero had a FCFE of $4.5M last year and has 2.25M shares outstanding. Zero's required return on equity is 10%, and WACC is 8.2%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 8% forever, the intrinsic value of Zero's shares is: A) $108.00. B) $1,080.00. C) $26.35. D) $14.76. E) None of the options are correct.

107)

See Candy had a FCFE of $6.1M last year and has 2.32M shares outstanding. See's required return on equity is 10.6%, and WACC is 9.3%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 6.5% forever, the intrinsic value of See's shares is: A) $108.00. B) $68.30. C) $26.35. D) $14.76. E) None of the options are correct.

108)

SI International had a FCFE of $122.1M last year and has 12.43M shares outstanding. SI's required return on equity is 11.3%, and WACC is 9.8%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 7.0% forever, the intrinsic value of SI's shares is: A) $108.00. B) $68.29. C) $244.43. D) $14.76.

109)

Highpoint had a FCFE of $246M last year and has 123M shares outstanding. Highpoint's required return on equity is 10%, and WACC is 9%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 8.0% forever, the intrinsic value of Highpoint's shares is: A) $21.60. B) $108. C) $244.42. D) $216.00. E) None of the options are correct.

110)

SGA Consulting had a FCFE of $3.2M last year and has 3.2M shares outstanding. SGA's required return on equity is 13%, and WACC is 11.5%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 8.5% forever, the intrinsic value of SGA's shares is: A) $21.60. B) $26.56. C) $244.42. D) $24.11. E) None of the options are correct.

111)

Seaman had a FCFE of $4.6B last year and has 113.2M shares outstanding. Seaman's required return on equity is 11.6%, and WACC is 10.4%. If FCFE is expected to grow at 5% forever, the intrinsic value of Seaman's shares is: A) $646.48. B) $64.66. C) $6,464.80. D) $6.46. E) None of the options are correct.

112)

Consider the free cash flow approach to stock valuation. F&G Manufacturing Company is expected to have before-tax cash flow from operations of $750,000 in the coming year. The firm's corporate tax rate is 40%. It is expected that $250,000 of operating cash flow will be invested in new fixed assets. Depreciation for the year will be $125,000. After the coming year, cash flows are expected to grow at 7% per year. The appropriate market capitalization rate for unleveraged cash flow is 13% per year. The firm has no outstanding debt. The projected free cash flow of F&G Manufacturing Company for the coming year is: A) $250,000. B) $180,000. C) $300,000. D) $380,000. E) None of the options are correct.

113)

Consider the free cash flow approach to stock valuation. F&G Manufacturing Company is expected to have before-tax cash flow from operations of $750,000 in the coming year. The firm's corporate tax rate is 40%. It is expected that $250,000 of operating cash flow will be invested in new fixed assets. Depreciation for the year will be $125,000. After the coming year, cash flows are expected to grow at 7% per year. The appropriate market capitalization rate for unleveraged cash flow is 13% per year. The firm has no outstanding debt. The total value of the equity of F&G Manufacturing Company should be: A) $1,615,157. B) $2,479,169. C) $3,333,333. D) $4,166,667. E) None of the options are correct.

114)

Boaters World is expected to have per share FCFE in year 1 of $1.65, per share FCFE in year 2 of $1.97, and per share FCFE in year 3 of $2.54. After year 3, per share FCFE is expected to grow at the rate of 8% per year. An appropriate required return for the stock is 11%. The stock should be worth _________ today. A) $77.53 B) $40.67 C) $82.16 D) $71.80 E) None of the options are correct.

115)

Smart Draw Company is expected to have per share FCFE in year 1 of $1.20, per share FCFE in year 2 of $1.50, and per share FCFE in year 3 of $2.00. After year 3, per share FCFE is expected to grow at the rate of 10% per year. An appropriate required return for the stock is 14%. The stock should be worth _________ today. A) $33.00 B) $40.68 C) $55.00 D) $66.00 E) $12.16

116)

Old Style Corporation produces goods that are very mature in their product life cycles. Old Style Corporation is expected to have per share FCFE in year 1 of $1.00, per share FCFE of $0.90 in year 2, and per share FCFE of $0.85 in year 3. After year 3, per share FCFE is expected to decline at a rate of 2% per year. An appropriate required rate of return for the stock is 8%. The stock should be worth _________ today. A) $127.63 B) $10.57 C) $20.00 D) $22.22 E) None of the options are correct.

117)

Jovy Corporation produces goods that are very mature in their product life cycles. Jovy Corporation is expected to have per share FCFE in year 1 of $2.00, per share FCFE of $1.50 in year 2, and per share FCFE of $1.00 in year 3. After year 3, per share FCFE is expected to decline at a rate of 1% per year. An appropriate required rate of return for the stock is 10%. The stock should be worth _________ today. A) $9.00 B) $101.57 C) $10.57 D) $22.22 E) $47.23

118)

The growth in per share FCFE of SYNK, Incorporated is expected to be 8% per year for the next two years, followed by a growth rate of 4% per year for three years. After this fiveyear period, the growth in per share FCFE is expected to be 3% per year, indefinitely. The required rate of return on SYNC, Incorporated is 11%. Last year's per share FCFE was $2.75. What should the stock sell for today? A) $28.99 B) $35.21 C) $54.67 D) $56.37 E) $39.71

119)

The growth in per share FCFE of FOX, Incorporated is expected to be 15% per year for the next three years, followed by a growth rate of 8% per year for two years. After this fiveyear period, the growth in per share FCFE is expected to be 3% per year, indefinitely. The required rate of return on FOX, Incorporated is 13%. Last year's per share FCFE was $1.85. What should the stock sell for today? A) $28.99 B) $24.47 C) $26.84 D) $27.74 E) $19.18

120)

The growth in per share FCFE of CBS, Incorporated is expected to be 10% per year for the next two years, followed by a growth rate of 5% per year for three years. After this fiveyear period, the growth in per share FCFE is expected to be 2% per year, indefinitely. The required rate of return on CBS, Incorporated is 12%. Last year's per share FCFE was $2.00. What should the stock sell for today? A) $8.99 B) $22.51 C) $40.00 D) $25.21 E) $27.12

121)

Karonia Corporation is expected have EBIT of $1.2M this year. Karonia Corporation is in the 30% tax bracket, will report $133,000 in depreciation, will make $76,000 in capital expenditures, and will have a $24,000 increase in net working capital this year. What is Karonia's FCFF? A) $1,139,000 B) $1,200,000 C) $1,025,000 D) $921,000 E) $873,000

122)

Fly Boy Corporation is expected have EBIT of $800,000 this year. Fly Boy Corporation is in the 30% tax bracket, will report $52,000 in depreciation, will make $86,000 in capital expenditures, and will have a $16,000 increase in net working capital this year. What is Fly Boy's FCFF? A) $510,000 B) $406,000 C) $542,000 D) $596,000 E) $682,000

123)

Lamm Corporation is expected have EBIT of $6.2M this year. Lamm Corporation is in the 40% tax bracket, will report $1.2M in depreciation, will make $1.4M in capital expenditures, and will have a $160,000 increase in net working capital this year. What is Lamm's FCFF? A) $6,200,000 B) $6,160,000 C) $3,360,000 D) $3,680,000 E) $4,625,000

124)

Rome Corporation is expected have EBIT of $2.3M this year. Rome Corporation is in the 30% tax bracket, will report $175,000 in depreciation, will make $175,000 in capital expenditures, and will have no change in net working capital this year. What is Rome's FCFF? A) 2,300,000 B) 1,785,000 C) 1,960,000 D) 1,610,000 E) 1,435,000

125)

In a multistage growth model, the majority of the value can be found in the _________. A) near term dividends B) discount rate C) dividend growth D) terminal growth rate E) None of the options are correct.

126)

A perpetuity growth rate that is higher than the combined population growth and inflation rate might casue what result? A) Under-priced stock B) Over-priced stock C) Lower terminal value D) Increased discount rate E) None of the options are correct.

127)

When valuing a stock, an overestimated terminal growth rate can might not be noticed if the _________ is also higher? A) terminal cash flow B) plowback ratio C) discount rate D) earnings E) None of the options are correct.

128)

The announcement of a dividend increase by a growth company may have what impact? A) Increase in price due to expectation of increased cash flow. B) Drop in price due to lower perceived growth opportunities. C) Increase in price due to enhanced growth rate. D) Drop in price from higher shareholder scrutiny. E) None of the options are correct.

129)

High present value of growth opportunities most likely will correspond with _________. A) high PE ratios B) decreased volatility C) low plowback ratios D) high asset turnover E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 18 1) D 2) A 3) A 4) B 5) B 6) B 7) C 8) B 9) C 10) E 11) D 12) C 13) C 14) C 15) C 16) A 17) A 18) B 19) A 20) B 21) D 22) C 23) C 24) B 25) E 26) D 27) B 28) A 29) D 30) C 31) E 32) D 33) A 34) B 35) C 36) E 37) C

38) E 39) C 40) D 41) C 42) A 43) E 44) B 45) D 46) C 47) B 48) E 49) D 50) C 51) C 52) A 53) D 54) B 55) C 56) D 57) A 58) B 59) A 60) D 61) D 62) B 63) C 64) C 65) D 66) E 67) C 68) E 69) A 70) B 71) B 72) B 73) A 74) C 75) B 76) A 77) E

78) C 79) A 80) A 81) C 82) D 83) B 84) C 85) B 86) A 87) C 88) D 89) B 90) E 91) D 92) C 93) B 94) E 95) D 96) C 97) C 98) D 99) B 100) 101) 102) 103) 104) 105) 106) 107) 108) 109) 110) 111) 112) 113) 114) 115) 116) 117)

C A A B A B A B C B D A A D D B E C

118) 119) 120) 121) 122) 123) 124) 125) 126) 127) 128) 129)

E D D E A C D D B C B A

Chapter 19:__________ 1) A firm has a higher quick (or acid test) ratio than the industry average, which implies: A) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry, only. B) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the

industry, only. C) the firm may be less profitable than other firms in the industry, only. D) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry, and the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry. E) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry, and the firm may be less profitable than other firms in the industry.

2) A firm has a lower quick (or acid test) ratio than the industry average, which implies: A) the firm has a lower P/E ratio than other firms in the industry, only. B) the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the

industry, only. C) the firm may be more profitable than other firms in the industry, only. D) the firm has a lower P/E ratio than other firms in the industry, and the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry. E) the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry, and the firm may be more profitable than other firms in the industry.

3) An example of a liquidity ratio is: A) fixed asset turnover, only. B) current ratio, only. C) acid test or quick ratio, only. D) fixed asset turnover and acid test or quick ratio. E) current ratio and acid test or quick ratio.

4) _________ provides a snapshot of the financial condition of the firm at a particular time. A) The balance sheet B) The income statement C) The statement of cash flows D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

5) _________ is a report of the cash flow generated by the firm's operations, investments, and

financial activities. A) The balance sheet B) The income statement C) The statement of cash flows D) The auditor's statement of financial condition E) None of the options are correct.

6) A firm has a higher asset turnover ratio than the industry average, which implies: A) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry. B) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the

industry. C) the firm is more profitable than other firms in the industry. D) the firm is utilizing assets more efficiently than other firms in the industry. E) the firm has higher spending on new fixed assets than other firms in the industry.

7) A firm has a lower asset turnover ratio than the industry average, which implies: A) the firm has a lower P/E ratio than other firms in the industry. B) the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the

industry. C) the firm is less profitable than other firms in the industry. D) the firm is utilizing assets less efficiently than other firms in the industry. E) the firm has lower spending on new fixed assets than other firms in the industry.

8) If you wish to compute economic earnings and are trying to decide how to account for

inventory, A) FIFO is better than LIFO. B) LIFO is better than FIFO. C) FIFO and LIFO are equally suitable. D) FIFO and LIFO are equally unsuitable. E) None of the options are correct.

9) _________ is a summary of the profitability of the firm over a period of time, such as a year. A) The balance sheet B) The income statement C) The statement of cash flows D) The audit report E) None of the options are correct.

10) Over a period of 30 years or so, in managing investment funds, Benjamin Graham used the

approach of investing in the stocks of companies where the stocks were trading at less than their working capital value. The average return from using this strategy was approximately: A) 5%. B) 10%. C) 15%. D) 20%. E) None of the options are correct.

11) A study by Speidell and Bavishi (1992) found that when accounting statements of foreign

firms were restated on a common accounting basis,: A) the original and restated P/E ratios were quite similar. B) the original and restated P/E ratios varied considerably. C) most variation was explained by tax differences. D) most firms were consistent in their treatment of goodwill. E) None of the options are correct.

12) If the interest rate on debt is higher than ROA, a firm will _________ by increasing the use

of debt in the capital structure. A) increase the ROE B) not change the ROE C) decrease the ROE D) change the ROE in an indeterminable manner

13) If the interest rate on debt is lower than ROA, then a firm will _________ by increasing the

use of debt in the capital structure. A) increase the ROE B) not change the ROE C) decrease the ROE D) change the ROE in an indeterminable manner E) None of the options are correct.

14) A firm has a market to book value ratio that is equivalent to the industry average and an ROE

that is less than the industry average, which implies: A) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry. B) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry. C) the firm is more profitable than other firms in the industry. D) the firm is utilizing its assets more efficiently than other firms in the industry. E) None of the options are correct.

15) In periods of inflation, accounting depreciation is _________ relative to replacement cost,

and real economic income is _________. A) overstated; overstated B) overstated; understated C) understated; overstated D) understated; understated E) correctly stated; correctly stated

16) If a firm has a positive tax rate, a positive ROA, and the interest rate on debt is the same as

ROA, then ROA will be: A) greater than the ROE. B) equal to the ROE. C) less than the ROE. D) greater than zero, but it is impossible to determine how ROA will compare to ROE. E) negative in all cases.

17) A firm has a P/E ratio of 12, an ROE of 13%, and a market-to-book value of: A) 0.64. B) 0.92. C) 1.08. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

18) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's current ratio for 2009 is: A) 2.31. B) 1.87. C) 2.22. D) 2.46. E) None of the options are correct.

19) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's quick ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.69. B) 1.52. C) 1.23. D) 1.07. E) 1.00.

20) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's leverage ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.65. B) 1.89. C) 2.64. D) 1.31. E) 1.56.

21) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's times interest earned ratio for 2009 is: A) 8.86. B) 7.17. C) 9.66. D) 6.86. E) None of the options are correct.

22) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's average collection period for 2009 is _________ days. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Use 365 days a year. A) 59.31 B) 55.05 C) 61.31 D) 49.05 E) None of the options are correct.

23) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's inventory turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 3.15. B) 3.63. C) 3.69. D) 2.58. E) 4.20.

24) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 2.04. B) 2.58. C) 2.97. D) 1.58. E) None of the options are correct.

25) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's asset turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.79. B) 1.63. C) 1.34. D) 2.58. E) None of the options are correct.

26) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's return on sales ratio for 2009 is: A) 15.5%. B) 14.6%. C) 14.0%. D) 15.0%. E) 16.5%.

27) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's return on equity ratio for 2009 is: A) 16.88%. B) 15.63%. C) 14.00%. D) 15.00%. E) 16.24%.

28) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's P/E ratio for 2009 is: Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. A) 8.88. B) 7.63. C) 7.88. D) 7.32. E) None of the options are correct.

29) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below. Black Barn Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 8,000,000 Cost of goods sold 5,260,000 Gross profit 2,740,000 Selling & administrative expenses 1,500,000 Operating profit 1,240,000 Interest expense 140,000 Income before tax 1,100,000 Tax expense 440,000 Net income

$ 660,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 200,000 1,200,000 1,840,000 $ 3,240,000 3,200,000

2008 $ 50,000 950,000 1,500,000 $ 2,500,000 3,000,000

Total assets

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable

$ 800,000 600,000 $ 1,400,000 900,000

$ 720,000 100,000 $ 820,000 1,000,000

Total liabilities

$ 2,300,000

$ 1,820,000

$ 300,000 3,840,000

$ 300,000 3,380,000

$ 6,440,000

$ 5,500,000

Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each. Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's market-to-book value for 2009 is: A) 1.13. B) 1.62. C) 1.00. D) 1.26. E) None of the options are correct.

30) A firm has a net profit/pretax profit ratio of 0.625, a leverage ratio of 1.2, a pretax

profit/EBIT of 0.9, an ROE of 17.82%, a current ratio of 8, and a return on sales ratio of 8%. The firm's asset turnover is: A) 0.3. B) 1.3. C) 2.3. D) 3.3. E) None of the options are correct.

31) A firm has an ROA of 14%, a debt/equity ratio of 0.8, a tax rate of 35%, and the interest rate

on the debt is 10%. The firm's ROE is: A) 11.18%. B) 8.97%. C) 11.54%. D) 12.62%. E) None of the options are correct.

32) A firm has an ROE of 2%, a debt/equity ratio of 1.0, a tax rate of 0%, and an interest rate on

debt of 10%. The firm's ROA is: A) 2%. B) 4%. C) 6%. D) 8%. E) None of the options are correct.

33) A firm has a (net profit/pretax profit) ratio of 0.6, a leverage ratio of 2, a (pretax profit/EBIT)

of 0.6, an asset turnover ratio of 2.5, a current ratio of 1.5, and a return on sales ratio of 4%. The firm's ROE is: A) 4.2%. B) 5.2%. C) 6.2%. D) 7.2%. E) None of the options are correct.

34) A measure of asset utilization is: A) sales divided by working capital. B) return on total assets. C) return on equity capital. D) operating profit divided by sales. E) None of the options are correct.

35) During periods of inflation, the use of FIFO (rather than LIFO) as the method of accounting

for inventories causes: A) higher reported sales. B) higher income taxes. C) lower ending inventory. D) higher income taxes and lower ending inventory. E) None of the options are correct.

36) Return on total assets is the product of: A) interest rates and pre-tax profits. B) the debt-equity ratio and P/E ratio. C) the after-tax profit margin and the asset turnover ratio. D) sales and fixed assets. E) None of the options are correct.

37) FX Company has a ratio of (total debt/total assets) that is above the industry average, and a

ratio of (long term debt/equity) that is below the industry average. These ratios suggest that the firm: A) utilizes assets effectively. B) has too much equity in the capital structure. C) has relatively high current liabilities. D) has a relatively low dividend-payout ratio. E) None of the options are correct.

38) A firm's current ratio is above the industry average. However, the firm's quick ratio is below

the industry average. These ratios suggest that the firm: A) has relatively more total current assets and even more inventory than other firms in the industry. B) is very efficient at managing inventories. C) has liquidity that is superior to the average firm in the industry. D) is near technical insolvency. E) None of the options are correct.

39) Which of the following ratios gives information on the amount of profits reinvested in the

firm over the years? A) Sales/total assets B) Debt/total assets C) Debt/equity D) Retained earnings/total assets E) None of the options are correct.

40) Ferris Corporation wants to increase its current ratio from the present level of 1.5 when it

closes the books next week. The action of _________ will have the desired effect. A) payment of current payables from cash B) sales of current marketable securities for cash C) write-down of impaired assets D) delay of next payroll E) None of the options are correct.

41) Assuming continued inflation, a firm that uses LIFO will tend to have a(n) _________

current ratio than a firm using FIFO, and the difference will tend to _________ as time passes. A) higher; increase B) higher; decrease C) lower; decrease D) lower; increase E) identical; remain the same

42) Fundamental analysis uses: A) earnings and dividends prospects, only. B) relative strength, only. C) price momentum, only. D) earnings, dividend prospects, and relative strength. E) earnings, dividend prospects, and price momentum.

43) _________ is a true statement. A) During periods of inflation, LIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of the

actual inventory values than if FIFO were used B) During periods of inflation, FIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of actual inventory values than if LIFO were used C) After inflation ends, distortion due to LIFO will disappear as inventory is sold D) During periods of inflation, LIFO overstates earnings relative to FIFO E) None of the options are correct.

44) _________ is a false statement. A) During periods of inflation, LIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of the

actual inventory values than if FIFO were used B) During periods of inflation, FIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of actual inventory values than if LIFO were used C) During periods of inflation, LIFO overstates earnings relative to FIFO D) During periods of inflation, FIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of actual inventory values than if LIFO were used, and LIFO overstates earnings relative to FIFO E) None of the options are correct.

45) The level of real income of a firm can be distorted by the reporting of depreciation and

interest expense. During periods of high inflation, the level of reported depreciation tends to _________ income, and the level of interest expense reported tends to _________ income. A) understate; overstate B) understate; understate C) overstate; understate D) overstate; overstate E) There is no discernible pattern.

46) Which of the following would best explain a situation where the ratio of net income/total

equity of a firm is higher than the industry average, while the ratio of net income/total assets is lower than the industry average? A) The firm's net profit margin is higher than the industry average. B) The firm's asset turnover is higher than the industry average. C) The firm's equity multiplier must be lower than the industry average. D) The firm's debt ratio is higher than the industry average. E) None of the options are correct.

47) What best explains why a firm's ratio of long-term debt/total capital is lower than the

industry average, while the ratio of income before interest and taxes/debt interest charges is higher than the industry average? A) The firm pays lower interest on long-term debt than the average firm. B) The firm has more short-term debt than average. C) The firm has a high ratio of current assets/current liabilities. D) The firm has a high ratio of total cash flow/long term debt. E) None of the options are correct.

48) _________ best explains a ratio of sales/average net fixed assets that exceeds the industry

average. A) The firm expanded plant and equipment in the past few years B) The firm makes less efficient use of assets than competing firms C) The firm has a substantial amount of old plant and equipment D) The firm uses straight-line depreciation E) None of the options are correct.

49) Comparability problems arise because: A) firms may use different generally accepted accounting principles, only. B) inflation may affect firms differently due to accounting conventions used, only. C) financial analysts do not know how to compare financial statements, only. D) firms may use different generally accepted accounting principles, and inflation may

affect firms differently due to accounting conventions used. E) firms may use different generally accepted accounting principles, and financial analysts do not know how to compare financial statements.

50) One problem with comparing financial ratios prepared by different reporting agencies is: A) some agencies receive financial information later than others. B) agencies vary in their policies as to what is included in specific calculations. C) some agencies are careless in their reporting. D) some firms are more conservative in their accounting practices. E) None of the options are correct.

51) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's current ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.82. B) 1.03. C) 1.30. D) 1.65. E) None of the options are correct.

52) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's quick ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.71. B) 0.78. C) 0.85. D) 1.56. E) None of the options are correct.

53) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's leverage ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.62. B) 1.56. C) 2.00. D) 2.42. E) 2.17.

54) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

$ 228,000 2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's times interest earned ratio for 2009 is: A) 2.897. B) 2.719. C) 3.375. D) 3.462. E) None of the options are correct.

55) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

$ 228,000 2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's average collection period for 2009 is _________ days. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Use 365 days a year. A) 69.35 B) 69.73 C) 68.53 D) 67.77 E) 68.52

56) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's inventory turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 2.86. B) 1.23. C) 5.96. D) 4.42. E) 4.86.

57) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.45. B) 1.63. C) 1.20. D) 1.58. E) None of the options are correct.

58) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 55,000 495,000 295,000 $ 845,000 2,175,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 3,020,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 195,000 455,000 $ 650,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,510,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 115,000 1,395,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 3,020,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's asset turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.86. B) 0.63. C) 0.83. D) 1.63. E) None of the options are correct.

59) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's return on sales ratio for 2009 is: A) 20.2%. B) 21.6%. C) 22.4%. D) 18.0%. E) None of the options are correct.

60) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

$ 228,000 2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's return on equity ratio for 2009 is: A) 12.24%. B) 14.63%. C) 15.50%. D) 14.50%. E) 16.9%.

61) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

Common stock (30,000 shares) Retained earnings

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's P/E ratio for 2009 is: A) 4.74. B) 6.63. C) 5.21. D) 5.00. E) None of the options are correct.

62) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below. Midwest Tours Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 2,500,000 Cost of goods sold 1,260,000 Gross profit 1,240,000 Selling & administrative expenses 700,000 Operating profit 540,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 380,000 Tax expense 152,000 Net income

$ 228,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 500,000 300,000 $ 860,000 2,180,000

2008 $ 50,000 450,000 270,000 $ 770,000 2,000,000

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,770,000

$ 200,000 460,000 $ 660,000 860,000

$ 170,000 440,000 $ 610,000 860,000

$ 1,520,000

$ 1,470,000

Common stock (30,000 shares) Retained earnings

$ 120,000 1,400,000

$ 120,000 1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$ 3,040,000

$ 2,890,000

Total assets Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each. Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's market-to-book value for 2009 is: A) 0.24. B) 0.95. C) 0.71. D) 1.12. E) None of the options are correct.

63) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements for Snapit Company. The firm's current ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.98. B) 2.47. C) 0.65. D) 1.53. E) None of the options are correct.

64) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's quick ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.68. B) 1.12. C) 0.72. D) 1.92. E) None of the options are correct.

65) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's leverage ratio for 2009 is: A) 2.25. B) 3.53. C) 2.61. D) 3.06. E) None of the options are correct.

66) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's times interest earned ratio for 2009 is: A) 2.26. B) 3.16. C) 3.84. D) 3.31. E) None of the options are correct.

67) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's average collection period for 2009 is _________ days. Note: Use 365 days a year. A) 47.91 B) 48.53 C) 46.06 D) 47.65 E) None of the options are correct.

68) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's inventory turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 4.64. B) 4.16. C) 4.41. D) 4.87. E) None of the options are correct.

69) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 4.60. B) 3.61. C) 3.16. D) 5.46. E) None of the options are correct.

70) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's asset turnover ratio for 2009 is: A) 1.60. B) 3.16. C) 3.31. D) 4.64. E) None of the options are correct.

71) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's return on sales ratio for 2009 is: A) 0.0133. B) 0.1325. C) 1.325. D) 1.260. E) None of the options are correct.

72) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities Common stock (130,000 shares) Retained earnings Total liabilities & equity

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's return on equity ratio for 2009 is: A) 0.1235. B) 0.0296. C) 0.2960. D) 2.2960. E) None of the options are correct.

73) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below. Snapit Company Income Statement (2009) Sales $ 4,000,000 Cost of goods sold 3,040,000 Gross profit 960,000 Selling & administrative expenses 430,000 Operating profit 530,000 Interest expense 160,000 Income before tax 370,000 Tax expense 148,000 Net income

$ 222,000

Balance Sheet Cash Accounts receivable Inventory Total current assets Fixed assets

2009 $ 60,000 550,000 690,000 $ 1,300,000 1,300,000

2008 $ 50,000 500,000 620,000 $ 1,170,000 1,230,000

Total assets

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

$ 270,000 580,000 $ 850,000 900,000

$ 250,000 500,000 $ 750,000 1,000,000

$ 1,750,000

Common stock (25,000 shares) Retained earnings

$ 250,000 600,000

$ 250,000 400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$ 2,600,000

$ 2,400,000

Accounts Payable Bank loan Total current liabilities Bond payable Total liabilities

Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each. Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's market-to-book value for 2009 is: A) 0.7256. B) 1.5294. C) 2.9400. D) 3.6142. E) None of the options are correct.

74) _________ is a measure of what the firm would have earned if it didn't have any obligations

to creditors or tax authorities. A) Net Sales B) Gross Income C) Net Income D) Non-operating Income E) Earnings before interest and taxes

75) Proceeds from a company's sale of stock to the public are included in: A) par value, only. B) additional paid-in capital, only. C) retained earnings, only. D) par value and additional paid-in capital. E) All of the options are correct.

76) Which of the financial statements recognizes only transactions in which cash changes hands? A) Balance sheet B) Income statement C) Statement of cash flows D) Balance sheet and income statement E) All of the options are correct.

77) Suppose that Chicken Express, Incorporated has an ROA of 7% and pays a 6% coupon on its

debt. Chicken Express has a capital structure that is 70% equity and 30% debt. Relative to a firm that is 100% equity-financed, Chicken Express's net profit will be _________, and its ROE will be _________. A) lower; lower B) higher; higher C) higher; lower D) lower; higher E) It is impossible to predict.

78) The P/E ratio that is based on a firm's financial statements and reported in the newspaper

stock listings is different from the P/E ratio derived from the dividend discount model (DDM) because: A) the DDM uses a different price in the numerator. B) the DDM uses different earnings measures in the denominator. C) the prices reported are not accurate. D) the people who construct the ratio from financial statements have inside information. E) They are not different—this is a "trick" question.

79) The dollar value of a firm's return in excess of its opportunity costs is called its: A) profitability measure. B) excess return. C) economic value added. D) prospective capacity. E) return margin.

80) Economic value added (EVA) is also known as: A) excess capacity. B) excess income. C) value of assets. D) accounting value added. E) residual income.

81) Which of the following are issues when dealing with the financial statements of international

firms? 1. Many countries allow firms to set aside larger contingency reserves than the amounts allowed for U.S. firms. 2. Many firms outside the U.S. use accelerated depreciation methods for reporting purposes, whereas most U.S. firms use straight-line depreciation for reporting purposes. 3. Intangibles, such as goodwill, may be amortized over different periods or may be expensed rather than capitalized. 4. There is no way to reconcile the financial statements of non-U.S. firms to GAAP. A) 1 and 2 B) 2 and 4 C) 1, 2, and 3 D) 1, 3, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

82) To create a common size income statement, _________ all items on the income statement by

_________. A) multiply; net income B) multiply; total revenue C) divide; net income D) divide; total revenue E) multiply; COGS

83) To create a common size balance sheet, _________ all items on the balance sheet by

_________. A) multiply; owners' equity B) multiply; total assets C) divide; owners' equity D) divide; total assets E) multiply; debt

84) Common size financial statements make it easier to compare firms: A) of different sizes. B) in different industries. C) with different degrees of leverage. D) that use different inventory valuation methods (FIFO vs. LIFO). E) None of the options are correct.

85) Common size income statements make it easier to compare firms: A) that use different inventory valuation methods (FIFO vs. LIFO). B) in different industries. C) with different degrees of leverage. D) of different sizes. E) None of the options are correct.

86) Common size balance sheets make it easier to compare firms: A) with different degrees of leverage. B) of different sizes. C) in different industries. D) that use different inventory valuation methods (FIFO vs. LIFO). E) None of the options are correct.

87) Economic value added (EVA) was coined by Stern & Stewart. The concept, however, has

been around for many years but referred to as _________. A) profitability measure. B) excess return. C) residual income. D) prospective capacity. E) return margin.

88) One technique a firm can use to improve its economic value added (EVA) is to _________. A) focus on leverage. B) produce return above the cost of debt. C) increase prospective capacity. D) reduce assets employed. E) None of the options are correct.

89) Using EVA to evaluate the financial performance of a movie is not a good idea because

_________. A) a movie is a short lived project. B) the cost of capital cannot be determined. C) the assets employed are too low. D) net income in future years cannot be forecasted. E) None of the options are correct.

90) A technique to increase the perceived return to equity shareholders is _________. A) issuing new shares. B) diluting existing shares. C) reduce the use of debt. D) through the use of leverage. E) None of the options are correct.

91) What type of firm is most easily valued using fundamental analysis? A) Public utility B) Privately-held company C) New start-up company D) Company in financial distress E) All are equally valued using fundamental analysis.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 19 1) E 2) E 3) E 4) A 5) C 6) D 7) D 8) B 9) B 10) D 11) B 12) C 13) A 14) A 15) C 16) A 17) D 18) A 19) E 20) E 21) A 22) D 23) A 24) B 25) C 26) A 27) A 28) C 29) D 30) D 31) A 32) C 33) D 34) B 35) B 36) C 37) C

38) A 39) D 40) A 41) D 42) A 43) A 44) D 45) C 46) D 47) B 48) C 49) D 50) B 51) C 52) C 53) C 54) C 55) A 56) D 57) C 58) C 59) B 60) C 61) A 62) C 63) D 64) C 65) D 66) D 67) A 68) A 69) C 70) A 71) B 72) C 73) C 74) E 75) D 76) C 77) D

78) B 79) C 80) E 81) C 82) D 83) D 84) A 85) D 86) B 87) C 88) D 89) A 90) D 91) A

Chapter 20:__________ 1) The price that the buyer of a call option pays to acquire the option is called the: A) strike price. B) exercise price. C) execution price. D) acquisition price. E) premium.

2) The price that the writer of a call option receives to sell the option is called the: A) strike price. B) exercise price. C) execution price. D) acquisition price. E) premium.

3) The price that the buyer of a put option pays to acquire the option is called the: A) strike price. B) exercise price. C) execution price. D) acquisition price. E) premium.

4) The price that the writer of a put option receives to sell the option is called the: A) premium. B) exercise price. C) execution price. D) acquisition price. E) strike price.

5) The price that the buyer of a call option pays for the underlying asset if she executes her

option is called the: A) strike price, only. B) exercise price, only. C) execution price, only. D) strike price or execution price. E) strike price or exercise price.

6) The price that the writer of a call option receives for the underlying asset if the buyer

executes her option is called the: A) strike price, only. B) exercise price, only. C) execution price, only. D) strike price or exercise price. E) strike price or execution price.

7) The price that the buyer of a put option receives for the underlying asset if she executes her

option is called the: A) strike price, only. B) exercise price, only. C) execution price, only. D) strike price or execution price. E) strike price or exercise price.

8) The price that the writer of a put option receives for the underlying asset if the option is

exercised is called the: A) strike price, only. B) exercise price, only. C) execution price, only. D) strike price or exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

9) An American call option allows the buyer to: A) sell the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date, only. B) buy the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date, only. C) sell the option in the open market prior to expiration, only. D) sell the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date and sell

the option in the open market prior to expiration. E) buy the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date and sell the option in the open market prior to expiration.

10) A European call option allows the buyer to: A) sell the underlying asset at the exercise price on the expiration date, only. B) buy the underlying asset at the exercise price on or before the expiration date, only. C) sell the option in the open market prior to expiration, only. D) buy the underlying asset at the exercise price on the expiration date, only. E) sell the option in the open market prior to expiration and buy the underlying asset at

the exercise price on the expiration date.

11) An American put option allows the holder to: A) buy the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date. B) sell the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date. C) potentially benefit from a stock price increase. D) sell the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date and

potentially benefit from a stock price increase. E) buy the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date and potentially benefit from a stock price increase.

12) A European put option allows the holder to: A) buy the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date. B) sell the underlying asset at the strike price on or before the expiration date. C) potentially benefit from a stock price increase. D) sell the underlying asset at the strike price on the expiration date. E) potentially benefit from a stock price increase and sell the underlying asset at the

strike price on the expiration date.

13) An American put option can be exercised: A) any time on or before the expiration date. B) only on the expiration date. C) any time in the indefinite future. D) only after dividends are paid. E) None of the options are correct.

14) An American call option can be exercised: A) any time on or before the expiration date. B) only on the expiration date. C) any time in the indefinite future. D) only after dividends are paid. E) None of the options are correct.

15) A European call option can be exercised: A) any time in the future. B) only on the expiration date. C) if the price of the underlying asset declines below the exercise price. D) immediately after dividends are paid. E) None of the options are correct.

16) A European put option can be exercised: A) any time in the future. B) only on the expiration date. C) if the price of the underlying asset declines below the exercise price. D) immediately after dividends are paid. E) None of the options are correct.

17) To adjust for stock splits: A) the exercise price of the option is reduced by the factor of the split, and the number of

options held is increased by that factor. B) the exercise price of the option is increased by the factor of the split, and the number of options held is reduced by that factor. C) the exercise price of the option is reduced by the factor of the split, and the number of options held is reduced by that factor. D) the exercise price of the option is increased by the factor of the split, and the number of options held is increased by that factor. E) None of the options are correct.

18) All else equal, call option values are lower: A) in the month of May, only. B) for low dividend-payout policies, only. C) for high dividend-payout policies, only. D) in the month of May and for low dividend-payout policies. E) in the month of May and for high dividend-payout policies.

19) All else equal, call option values are higher: A) in the month of May, only. B) for low dividend-payout policies, only. C) for high dividend-payout policies, only. D) in the month of May and for low dividend-payout policies. E) in the month of May and for high dividend-payout policies.

20) The current market price of a share of COCA COLA stock is $50. If a call option on this

stock has a strike price of $45, the call: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a higher price than if the market price of COCA COLA stock is $40, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of COCA COLA stock is $40. E) is in the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of COCA COLA stock is $40.

21) The current market price of a share of CSCO stock is $75. If a call option on this stock has a

strike price of $70, the call: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $70, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $70. E) is in the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $70.

22) The current market price of a share of CSCO stock is $22. If a call option on this stock has a

strike price of $20, the call: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $21, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $21. E) is in the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $21.

23) The current market price of a share of Disney stock is $60. If a call option on this stock has a

strike price of $65, the call: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) can be exercised profitably, only. D) is out of the money and can be exercised profitably. E) is in the money and can be exercised profitably.

24) The current market price of a share of IBM stock is $76. If a call option on this stock has a

strike price of $76, the call: A) is out of the money. B) is in the money. C) is at the money. D) is worthless. E) None of the options are correct.

25) The current market price of a share of MSI stock is $24. If a call option on this stock has a

strike price of $24, the call: A) is out of the money. B) is in the money. C) is at the money. D) is worthless. E) None of the options are correct.

26) The current market price of a share of ONB stock is $195. If a call option on this stock has a

strike price of $195, the call: A) is out of the money. B) is in the money. C) is at the money. D) is worthless. E) None of the options are correct.

27) A put option on a stock is said to be out of the money if: A) the exercise price is higher than the stock price. B) the exercise price is less than the stock price. C) the exercise price is equal to the stock price. D) the price of the put is higher than the price of the call. E) the price of the call is higher than the price of the put.

28) A put option on a stock is said to be in the money if: A) the exercise price is higher than the stock price. B) the exercise price is less than the stock price. C) the exercise price is equal to the stock price. D) the price of the put is higher than the price of the call. E) the price of the call is higher than the price of the put.

29) A put option on a stock is said to be at the money if: A) the exercise price is higher than the stock price. B) the exercise price is less than the stock price. C) the exercise price is equal to the stock price. D) the price of the put is higher than the price of the call. E) the price of the call is higher than the price of the put.

30) A call option on a stock is said to be out of the money if: A) the exercise price is higher than the stock price. B) the exercise price is less than the stock price. C) the exercise price is equal to the stock price. D) the price of the put is higher than the price of the call. E) the price of the call is higher than the price of the put.

31) A call option on a stock is said to be in the money if: A) the exercise price is higher than the stock price. B) the exercise price is less than the stock price. C) the exercise price is equal to the stock price. D) the price of the put is higher than the price of the call. E) the price of the call is higher than the price of the put.

32) A call option on a stock is said to be at the money if: A) the exercise price is higher than the stock price. B) the exercise price is less than the stock price. C) the exercise price is equal to the stock price. D) the price of the put is higher than the price of the call. E) the price of the call is higher than the price of the put.

33) The current market price of a share of LLY stock is $60. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $55, the put: A) is in the money, only. B) is out of the money, only. C) sells for a lower price than if the market price of LLY stock is $50, only. D) is in the money and sells for a lower price than if the market price of LLY stock is $50. E) is out of the money and sells for a lower price than if the market price of LLY stock is $50.

34) The current market price of a share of a stock is $80. If a put option on this stock has a strike

price of $75, the put: A) is in the money, only. B) is out of the money, only. C) sells for a lower price than if the market price of the stock is $75, only. D) is in the money and sells for a lower price than if the market price of the stock is $75. E) is out of the money and sells for a lower price than if the market price of the stock is $75.

35) The current market price of a share of a stock is $20. If a put option on this stock has a strike

price of $18, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a higher price than if the strike price of the put option was $23, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a higher price than if the strike price of the put option was $23. E) is in the money and sells for a higher price than if the strike price of the put option was $23.

36) The current market price of a share of MSI stock is $15. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $20, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) can be exercised profitably, only. D) is out of the money and can be exercised profitably. E) is in the money and can be exercised profitably.

37) The current market price of a share of TSCO stock is $75. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $79, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) can be exercised profitably, only. D) is out of the money and can be exercised profitably. E) is in the money and can be exercised profitably.

38) The current market price of a share of COCA COLA stock is $50. If a put option on this

stock has a strike price of $45, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a lower price than if the market price of COCA COLA stock is $40, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a lower price than if the market price of COCA COLA stock is $40. E) is in the money and sells for a lower price than if the market price of COCA COLA stock is $40.

39) The current market price of a share of CSCO stock is $75. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $70, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $70, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $70. E) is in the money and sells for a higher price than if the market price of CSCO stock is $70.

40) The current market price of a share of CSCO stock is $22. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $20, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) sells for a higher price than if the strike price of the put option was $25, only. D) is out of the money and sells for a higher price than if the strike price of the put option was $25. E) is in the money and sells for a higher price than if the strike price of the put option was $25.

41) The current market price of a share of Disney stock is $60. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $65, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) can be exercised profitably, only. D) is out of the money and can be exercised profitably. E) is in the money and can be exercised profitably.

42) The current market price of a share of IBM stock is $76. If a put option on this stock has a

strike price of $80, the put: A) is out of the money, only. B) is in the money, only. C) can be exercised profitably, only. D) is out of the money and can be exercised profitably. E) is in the money and can be exercised profitably.

43) Lookback options have payoffs that: A) depend in part on the minimum or maximum price of the underlying asset during the

life of the option. B) only depend on the minimum price of the underlying asset during the life of the option. C) only depend on the maximum price of the underlying asset during the life of the option. D) are known in advance. E) None of the options are correct.

44) Barrier options have payoffs that: A) have payoffs that only depend on the minimum price of the underlying asset during

the life of the option. B) depend both on the asset's price at expiration and on whether the underlying asset's price has crossed through some barrier. C) are known in advance. D) have payoffs that only depend on the maximum price of the underlying asset during the life of the option. E) None of the options are correct.

45) Currency-translated options have: A) only asset prices denoted in a foreign currency. B) only exercise prices denoted in a foreign currency. C) payoffs that only depend on the maximum price of the underlying asset during the life

of the option. D) either asset or exercise prices denoted in a foreign currency. E) None of the options are correct.

46) Binary options: A) are based on two possible outcomes—yes or no. B) may make a payoff of a fixed amount if a specified event happens. C) may make a payoff of a fixed amount if a specified event does not happen. D) may make a payoff of a fixed amount if a specified event happens and are based on

two possible outcomes—yes or no. E) All of the options are correct.

47) The maximum loss a buyer of a stock call option can suffer is equal to: A) the strike price minus the stock price. B) the stock price minus the value of the call. C) the call premium. D) the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

48) The maximum loss a buyer of a stock put option can suffer is equal to: A) the strike price minus the stock price. B) the stock price minus the value of the call. C) the put premium. D) the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

49) The lower bound on the market price of a convertible bond is: A) its straight-bond value. B) its crooked-bond value. C) its conversion value. D) its straight-bond value and its conversion value. E) None of the options are correct.

50) The potential loss for a writer of a naked call option on a stock is: A) limited. B) unlimited. C) increasing when the stock price is decreasing. D) equal to the call premium. E) None of the options are correct.

51) You write one LLY February 70 put for a premium of $5. Ignoring transactions costs, what is

the break-even price of this position? A) $65 B) $75 C) $5 D) $70 E) None of the options are correct.

52) You purchase one LLY 75 call option for a premium of $3. Ignoring transaction costs, the

break-even price of the position is: A) $75. B) $72. C) $3. D) $78. E) None of the options are correct.

53) You write one COCA COLA February 50 put for a premium of $5. Ignoring transactions

costs, what is the break-even price of this position? A) $50 B) $55 C) $45 D) $40 E) None of the options are correct.

54) You purchase one ONB 200 call option for a premium of $6. Ignoring transaction costs, the

break-even price of the position is: A) $194. B) $228. C) $200. D) $211. E) None of the options are correct.

55) Call options on ONB-listed stock options are: A) issued by ONB Corporation, only. B) created by investors, only. C) traded on various exchanges, only. D) issued by ONB Corporation and traded on various exchanges. E) created by investors and traded on various exchanges.

56) Buyers of call options _________ required to post margin deposits, and sellers of put options

_________ required to post margin deposits. A) are; are not B) are; are C) are not; are D) are not; are not E) are always; are sometimes

57) Buyers of put options anticipate the value of the underlying asset will _________, and sellers

of call options anticipate the value of the underlying asset will _________. A) increase; increase B) decrease; increase C) increase; decrease D) decrease; decrease E) Cannot tell without further information

58) The Option Clearing Corporation is owned by: A) the Federal Reserve System. B) the exchanges on which stock options are traded. C) the major U.S. banks. D) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. E) None of the options are correct.

59) A covered call position is: A) the simultaneous purchase of the call and the underlying asset. B) the purchase of a share of stock with a simultaneous sale of a put on that stock. C) the short sale of a share of stock with a simultaneous sale of a call on that stock. D) the purchase of a share of stock with a simultaneous sale of a call on that stock. E) the simultaneous purchase of a call and sale of a put on the same stock.

60) According to the put-call parity theorem, the value of a European put option on a non-

dividend paying stock is equal to: A) the call value plus the present value of the exercise price plus the stock price. B) the call value plus the present value of the exercise price minus the stock price. C) the present value of the stock price minus the exercise price minus the call price. D) the present value of the stock price plus the exercise price minus the call price. E) None of the options are correct.

61) A protective put strategy is: A) a long put plus a long position in the underlying asset. B) a long put plus a long call on the same underlying asset. C) a long call plus a short put on the same underlying asset. D) a long put plus a short call on the same underlying asset. E) None of the options are correct.

62) Suppose the price of a share of Google stock is $500. An April call option on Google stock

has a premium of $5 and an exercise price of $500. Ignoring commissions, the holder of the call option will earn a profit if the price of the share: A) increases to $504. B) decreases to $490. C) increases to $506. D) decreases to $496. E) None of the options are correct.

63) Suppose the price of a share of ONB stock is $200. An April call option on ONB stock has a

premium of $5 and an exercise price of $200. Ignoring commissions, the holder of the call option will earn a profit if the price of the share: A) increases to $204. B) decreases to $190. C) increases to $206. D) decreases to $196. E) None of the options are correct.

64) You purchased one Coca Cola March 50 call and sold one COCA COLA March 55 call.

Your strategy is known as: A) a long straddle. B) a horizontal spread. C) a money spread. D) a short straddle. E) None of the options are correct.

65) You purchased one Coca Cola March 50 put and sold one COCA COLA April 50 put. Your

strategy is known as: A) a vertical spread. B) a straddle. C) a time spread. D) a collar. E) None of the options are correct.

66) Before expiration, the time value of a call option is equal to: A) zero. B) the actual call price minus the intrinsic value of the call. C) the intrinsic value of the call. D) the actual call price plus the intrinsic value of the call. E) None of the options are correct.

67) Which of the following factors affect the price of a stock option? A) The risk-free rate. B) The riskiness of the stock. C) The time to expiration. D) The expected rate of return on the stock. E) The risk-free rate, riskiness of the stock, and time to expiration.

68) All of the following factors affect the price of a stock option except: A) the risk-free rate. B) the riskiness of the stock. C) the time to expiration. D) the expected rate of return on the stock. E) None of the options are correct.

69) The value of a stock put option is positively related to the following factors except: A) the time to expiration. B) the strike price. C) the stock price. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

70) The value of a stock put option is positively related to: A) the time to expiration, only. B) the strike price, only. C) the stock price, only. D) the time to expiration and the strike price. E) All of the options are correct.

71) You purchase one September 50 put contract for a put premium of $2. What is the maximum

profit that you could gain from this strategy? A) $4,800 B) $200 C) $5,000 D) $5,200 E) None of the options are correct.

72) You purchase one June 70 put contract for a put premium of $4. What is the maximum profit

that you could gain from this strategy? A) $7,000 B) $400 C) $7,400 D) $6,600 E) None of the options are correct.

73) You purchase one ONB March 200 put contract for a put premium of $6. What is the

maximum profit that you could gain from this strategy? A) $20,000 B) $20,600 C) $19,400 D) $19,000 E) None of the options are correct.

74) The following Stock option price quotations were taken from the Wall Street Journal. Microsoft (MSFT) Underlying Price: 295.71 Expiration Strike Call Put 1-October-2021 290 9.43 3.63 1-October-2021 300 3.60 7.82 1-October-2021 310 1.08 15.28 17-December-2021 290 17.25 11.72 17-December-2021 300 11.75 16.25 17-December-2021 310 7.62 22.05

The premium on one October 290 call contract is: A) $9.43. B) $3.63. C) $943.00. D) $58.00. E) None of the options are correct.

75) The following price quotations on Microsoft were taken from the Wall Street Journal. Microsoft (MSFT) Underlying Price: 295.71 Expiration Strike Call Put 1-October-2021 290 9.43 3.63 1-October-2021 300 3.60 7.82 1-October-2021 310 1.08 15.28 17-December-2021 290 17.25 11.72 17-December-2021 300 11.75 16.25 17-December-2021 310 7.62 22.05

The premium on one Microsoft December 310 put contract is: A) $22.05. B) $7.62. C) $2,205. D) $762. E) None of the options are correct.

76) The following price quotations on Microsoft were taken from the Wall Street Journal. Microsoft (MSFT) Underlying Price: 295.71 Expiration Strike Call Put 1-October-2021 290 9.43 3.63 1-October-2021 300 3.60 7.82 1-October-2021 310 1.08 15.28 17-December-2021 290 17.25 11.72 17-December-2021 300 11.75 16.25 17-December-2021 310 7.62 22.05

The premium on one Microsoft December 290 put contract is: A) $8.875. B) $1,172.00. C) $412.50. D) $158.00. E) None of the options are correct.

77) Suppose you purchase one WFM May 100 call contract at $5 and write one WFM May 105

call contract at $2. The maximum potential profit of your strategy is _________, if both options are exercised. A) $600 B) $500 C) $200 D) $300 E) $100

78) Suppose you purchase one WFM May 100 call contract at $5 and write one WFM May 105

call contract at $2. If, at expiration, the price of a share of WFM stock is $103, your profit would be: A) $500. B) $300. C) zero. D) $200. E) None of the options are correct.

79) Suppose you purchase one WFM May 100 call contract at $5 and write one WFM May 105

call contract at $2. The maximum loss you could suffer from your strategy is: A) $200. B) $300. C) zero. D) $500. E) None of the options are correct.

80) Suppose you purchase one WFM May 100 call contract at $5 and write one WFM May 105

call contract at $2. What is the lowest stock price at which you can break even? A) $101 B) $102 C) $103 D) $104 E) None of the options are correct.

81) You buy one Loews June 60 call contract and one June 60 put contract. The call premium is

$5 and the put premium is $3. Your strategy is called: A) a short straddle. B) a long straddle. C) a horizontal straddle. D) a covered call. E) None of the options are correct.

82) You buy one Loews June 60 call contract and one June 60 put contract. The call premium is

$5 and the put premium is $3. Your maximum loss from this position could be: A) $500. B) $300. C) $800. D) $200. E) None of the options are correct.

83) You buy one Loews June 60 call contract and one June 60 put contract. The call premium is

$5 and the put premium is $3. At expiration, you break even if the stock price is equal to: A) $52. B) $60. C) $68. D) either $52 or $68. E) None of the options are correct.

84) The put-call parity theorem: A) represents the proper relationship between put and call prices. B) allows for arbitrage opportunities if violated. C) may be violated by small amounts, but not enough to earn arbitrage profits, once

transaction costs are considered. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

85) Some more "traditional" assets have option-like features; some of these instruments include: A) callable bonds, only. B) convertible bonds, only. C) warrants, only. D) callable bonds and convertible bonds. E) All of the options are correct.

86) Financial engineering: A) is the custom designing of securities or portfolios with desired patterns of exposure to

the price of the underlying security, only. B) primarily takes place for the institutional investor, only. C) primarily takes places for the individual investor, only. D) is the custom designing of securities or portfolios with desired patterns of exposure to the price of the underlying security and primarily takes place for the institutional investor. E) is the custom designing of securities or portfolios with desired patterns of exposure to the price of the underlying security and primarily takes places for the individual investor.

87) A collar with a net outlay of approximately zero is an options strategy that: A) combines a put and a call to lock in a price range for a security, only. B) uses the gains from sale of a call to purchase a put, only. C) uses the gains from sale of a put to purchase a call, only. D) combines a put and a call to lock in a price range for a security and uses the gains

from sale of a call to purchase a put. E) combines a put and a call to lock in a price range for a security and uses the gains from sale of a put to purchase a call.

88) Top Flight Stock currently sells for $53. A one-year call option with strike price of $58 sells

for $10, and the risk-free interest rate is 5.5%. What is the price of a one-year put with strike price of $58? A) $10.00 B) $12.12 C) $16.00 D) $11.98 E) $14.13

89) HighFlyer Stock currently sells for $48. A one-year call option with strike price of $55 sells

for $9, and the risk-free interest rate is 6%. What is the price of a one-year put with strike price of $55? A) $9.00 B) $12.89 C) $16.00 D) $18.72 E) $15.60

90) ING Stock currently sells for $38. A one-year call option with strike price of $45 sells for $9,

and the risk-free interest rate is 4%. What is the price of a one-year put with strike price of $45? A) $9.00 B) $12.89 C) $16.00 D) $18.72 E) $14.27

91) A callable bond should be priced the same as: A) a convertible bond. B) a straight bond plus a put option. C) a straight bond plus a call option held by the issuing firm. D) a straight bond plus warrants. E) a straight bond plus a call option held by the bondholder.

92) Asian options differ from American and European options in that: A) they are only sold in Asian financial markets. B) they never expire. C) their payoff is based on the average price of the underlying asset. D) they are only sold in Asian financial markets and they never expire. E) they are only sold in Asian financial markets and their payoff is based on the average

price of the underlying asset.

93) Trading in "exotic options" takes place primarily: A) on the New York Stock Exchange. B) in the over-the-counter market. C) on the American Stock Exchange. D) in the primary marketplace. E) None of the options are correct.

94) Consider a one-year maturity call option and a one-year put option on the same stock, both

with strike price $45. If the risk-free rate is 4%, the stock price is $48, and the put sells for $1.50, what should be the price of the call? A) $4.38 B) $5.60 C) $6.23 D) $12.26 E) None of the options are correct.

95) Consider a one-year maturity call option and a one-year put option on the same stock, both

with strike price $100. If the risk-free rate is 5%, the stock price is $103, and the put sells for $7.50, what should be the price of the call? A) $17.50 B) $15.26 C) $10.36 D) $12.26 E) None of the options are correct.

96) Derivative securities are also called contingent claims because: A) their owners may choose whether to exercise them. B) a large contingent of investors holds them. C) the writers may choose whether to exercise them. D) their payoffs depend on the prices of other assets. E) contingency management is used in adding them to portfolios.

97) You purchased a call option for $3.45 17 days ago. The call has a strike price of $45, and the

stock is now trading for $51. If you exercise the call today, what will be your holding-period return? If you do not exercise the call today and it expires, what will be your holding-period return? A) 173.9%, −100% B) 73.9%, −100% C) 57.5%, −173.9% D) 73.9%, 57.5% E) 100%, −100%

98) An option with an exercise price equal to the underlying asset's price is: A) worthless. B) in the money. C) at the money. D) out of the money. E) theoretically impossible.

99) To the option holder, put options are worth _________ when the exercise price is higher; call

options are worth _________ when the exercise price is higher. A) more; more B) more; less C) less; more D) less; less E) It doesn't matter—they are too risky to be included in a reasonable person's portfolio.

100)

What happens to an option if the underlying stock has a 2-for-1 split? A) There is no change in either the exercise price or in the number of options held. B) The exercise price will adjust through normal market movements; the number of options will remain the same. C) The exercise price would become one-half of what it was, and the number of options held would double. D) The exercise price would double, and the number of options held would double. E) There is no standard rule—each corporation has its own policy.

101)

What happens to an option if the underlying stock has a 3-for-1 split? A) There is no change in either the exercise price or in the number of options held. B) The exercise price will adjust through normal market movements; the number of options will remain the same. C) The exercise price would become one-third of what it was, and the number of options held would triple. D) The exercise price would triple, and the number of options held would triple. E) There is no standard rule—each corporation has its own policy.

102)

Suppose that you purchased a call option on the S&P 100 Index. The option has an exercise price of 1,680, and the index is now at 1,720. What will happen when you exercise the option? A) You will have to pay $1,680. B) You will receive $1,720. C) You will receive $1,680. D) You will receive $4,000. E) You will have to pay $4,000.

103)

Suppose that you purchased a call option on the S&P 100 Index. The option has an exercise price of 1,700, and the index is now at 1,760. What will happen when you exercise the option? A) You will have to pay $6,000. B) You will receive $6,000. C) You will receive $1,700. D) You will receive $1,760. E) You will have to pay $7,000.

104)

A stock is currently selling for $47. The price of a $50 strike call with a 6-month expiration is selling for $2.20. If the interest rate is 4%, what is the price of the put option? A) $5.41 B) $4.23 C) $3.36 D) $2.26 E) None of the options are correct.

105)

A stock is currently selling for $32. The price of a $30 strike call with a 6-month expiration is $3.10. If the interest rate is 3%, what is the price of the put option assuming no dividend is paid? A) $0.66 B) $1.15 C) $1.36 D) $1.56 E) None of the options are correct.

106)

A dividend paying stock is currently selling for $32. The price of a $30 strike call with a 6-month expiration is $3.10. If the interest rate is 3%, what is the price of the put option assuming the dividend is paid in 6 months and is $0.50? A) $0.66 B) $1.15 C) $1.36 D) $1.56 E) None of the options are correct.

107)

A dividend paying stock is currently selling for $47. The price of a $50 strike call with a 6 month expiration is selling for $2.20. If the interest rate is 4%, what is the price of the put option assuming a dividend is paid in 6 months and is $1.20? A) $5.41 B) $4.23 C) $3.36 D) $2.26 E) None of the options are correct.

108)

A dividend paying stock is currently selling for $96. The price of a $95 strike call with a 3-month expiration is selling for $2.15. If the interest rate is 3%, what is the price of the put option assuming a dividend is paid in 3 months and is $0.80? A) $4.41 B) $3.23 C) $2.36 D) $1.24 E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 20 1) E 2) E 3) E 4) A 5) E 6) D 7) E 8) E 9) E 10) E 11) B 12) D 13) A 14) A 15) B 16) B 17) A 18) C 19) B 20) E 21) E 22) E 23) A 24) C 25) C 26) C 27) B 28) A 29) C 30) A 31) B 32) C 33) E 34) E 35) A 36) E 37) E

38) D 39) A 40) A 41) E 42) E 43) A 44) B 45) D 46) E 47) C 48) C 49) D 50) B 51) A 52) D 53) C 54) E 55) E 56) C 57) D 58) B 59) D 60) B 61) A 62) C 63) C 64) C 65) C 66) B 67) E 68) D 69) C 70) D 71) A 72) D 73) C 74) C 75) C 76) B 77) C

78) C 79) B 80) C 81) B 82) C 83) D 84) D 85) E 86) D 87) D 88) D 89) B 90) E 91) C 92) C 93) B 94) C 95) B 96) D 97) B 98) C 99) B 100) 101) 102) 103) 104) 105) 106) 107) 108)

C C D B B A B A D

Chapter 21:__________ 1) Before expiration, the time value of an in-the-money call option is always: A) equal to zero. B) positive. C) negative. D) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

2) Before expiration, the time value of an in-the-money put option is always: A) equal to zero. B) negative. C) positive. D) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

3) Before expiration, the time value of an at-the-money call option is usually: A) positive. B) equal to zero. C) negative. D) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

4) Before expiration, the time value of an at-the-money put option is always: A) equal to zero. B) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. C) negative. D) positive. E) None of the options are correct.

5) At expiration, the time value of an in-the-money call option is always: A) equal to zero. B) positive. C) negative. D) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

6) At expiration, the time value of an in-the-money put option is always: A) equal to zero. B) negative. C) positive. D) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

7) At expiration, the time value of an at-the-money call option is always: A) positive. B) equal to zero. C) negative. D) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

8) At expiration, the time value of an at-the-money put option is always: A) equal to zero. B) equal to the stock price minus the exercise price. C) negative. D) positive. E) None of the options are correct.

9) A call option has an intrinsic value of zero if the option is: A) at the money, only. B) out of the money, only. C) in the money, only. D) at the money and in the money. E) at the money or out of the money.

10) A put option has an intrinsic value of zero if the option is: A) at the money. B) out of the money. C) in the money. D) at the money and in the money. E) at the money or out of the money.

11) Prior to expiration,: A) the intrinsic value of a call option is greater than its actual value. B) the intrinsic value of a call option is always positive. C) the actual value of a call option is greater than the intrinsic value. D) the intrinsic value of a call option is always greater than its time value. E) None of the options are correct.

12) Prior to expiration,: A) the intrinsic value of a put option is greater than its actual value. B) the intrinsic value of a put option is always positive. C) the actual value of a put option is greater than the intrinsic value. D) the intrinsic value of a put option is always greater than its time value. E) None of the options are correct.

13) If the stock price increases, the price of a put option on that stock _________, and that of a

call option _________. A) decreases; increases B) decreases; decreases C) increases; decreases D) increases; increases E) does not change; does not change

14) If the stock price decreases, the price of a put option on that stock _________, and that of a

call option _________. A) decreases; increases B) decreases; decreases C) increases; decreases D) increases; increases E) does not change; does not change

15) Other things equal, the price of a stock call option is positively correlated with the following

factors except: A) the stock price. B) the time to expiration. C) the stock volatility. D) the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Other things equal, the price of a stock call option is positively correlated with which of the

following factors? A) The stock price, only B) The time to expiration, only C) The stock volatility, only D) The exercise price, only E) The stock price, time to expiration, and stock volatility

17) Other things equal, the price of a stock call option is negatively correlated with which of the

following factors? A) The stock price, only B) The time to expiration, only C) The stock volatility, only D) The exercise price, only E) The stock price, time to expiration, and stock volatility

18) Other things equal, the price of a stock put option is positively correlated with the following

factors except: A) the stock price. B) the time to expiration. C) the stock volatility. D) the exercise price. E) None of the options are correct.

19) Other things equal, the price of a stock put option is positively correlated with which of the

following factors? A) The stock price, only B) The time to expiration, only C) The stock volatility, only D) The exercise price, only E) The time to expiration, stock volatility, and exercise price

20) Other things equal, the price of a stock put option is negatively correlated with which of the

following factors? A) The stock price, only B) The time to expiration, only C) The stock volatility, only D) The exercise price, only E) The time to expiration, stock volatility, and exercise price

21) The price of a stock put option is _________ correlated with the stock price and _________

correlated with the strike price. A) positively; positively B) negatively; positively C) negatively; negatively D) positively; negatively E) not; not

22) The price of a stock call option is _________ correlated with the stock price and _________

correlated with the strike price. A) positively; positively B) negatively; positively C) negatively; negatively D) positively; negatively E) not; not

23) All the inputs in the Black-Scholes option pricing model are directly observable except: A) the price of the underlying security. B) the risk-free rate of interest. C) the time to expiration. D) the variance of returns of the underlying asset return. E) None of the options are correct.

24) Which of the inputs in the Black-Scholes option pricing model are directly observable? A) The price of the underlying security B) The risk-free rate of interest C) The time to expiration D) The variance of returns of the underlying asset return E) The price of the underlying security, risk-free rate of interest, and time to expiration

25) Delta is defined as: A) the change in the value of an option for a dollar change in the price of the underlying

asset. B) the change in the value of the underlying asset for a dollar change in the call price. C) the percentage change in the value of an option for a 1% change in the value of the underlying asset. D) the change in the volatility of the underlying stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

26) A hedge ratio of 0.70 implies that a hedged portfolio should consist of: A) long 0.70 calls for each short stock. B) short 0.70 calls for each long stock. C) long 0.70 shares for each short call. D) long 0.70 shares for each long call. E) None of the options are correct.

27) A hedge ratio of 0.85 implies that a hedged portfolio should consist of: A) long 0.85 calls for each short stock. B) short 0.85 calls for each long stock. C) long 0.85 shares for each short call. D) long 0.85 shares for each long call. E) None of the options are correct.

28) A hedge ratio for a call option is _________, and a hedge ratio for a put option is _________. A) negative; positive B) negative; negative C) positive; negative D) positive; positive E) zero; zero

29) A hedge ratio for a call is always: A) equal to one. B) greater than one. C) between zero and one. D) between negative one and zero. E) of no restricted value.

30) A hedge ratio for a put is always: A) equal to one. B) greater than one. C) between zero and one. D) between negative one and zero. E) of no restricted value.

31) The dollar change in the value of a stock call option is always: A) lower than the dollar change in the value of the stock. B) higher than the dollar change in the value of the stock. C) negatively correlated with the change in the value of the stock. D) higher than the dollar change in the value of the stock and negatively correlated with

the change in the value of the stock. E) lower than the dollar change in the value of the stock and negatively correlated with the change in the value of the stock.

32) The percentage change in the stock call-option price divided by the percentage change in the

stock price is called: A) the elasticity of the option. B) the delta of the option. C) the theta of the option. D) the gamma of the option. E) None of the options are correct.

33) The elasticity of an option is: A) the volatility level for the stock that the option price implies. B) the continued updating of the hedge ratio as time passes. C) the percentage change in the stock call-option price divided by the percentage change

in the stock price. D) the sensitivity of the delta to the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

34) The elasticity of a stock call option is always: A) greater than one. B) smaller than one. C) negative. D) infinite. E) None of the options are correct.

35) The elasticity of a stock put option is always: A) positive. B) smaller than one. C) negative. D) infinite. E) None of the options are correct.

36) The gamma of an option is: A) the volatility level for the stock that the option price implies. B) the continued updating of the hedge ratio as time passes. C) the percentage change in the stock call-option price divided by the percentage change

in the stock price. D) the sensitivity of the delta to the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

37) Delta neutral: A) is the volatility level for the stock that the option price implies. B) is the continued updating of the hedge ratio as time passes. C) is the percentage change in the stock call-option price divided by the percentage

change in the stock price. D) means the portfolio has no tendency to change value as the underlying portfolio value changes. E) None of the options are correct.

38) Dynamic hedging is: A) the volatility level for the stock that the option price implies. B) the continued updating of the hedge ratio as time passes. C) the percentage change in the stock call-option price divided by the percentage change

in the stock price. D) the sensitivity of the delta to the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

39) Volatility risk is: A) the volatility level for the stock that the option price implies. B) the risk incurred from unpredictable changes in volatility. C) the percentage change in the stock call-option price divided by the percentage change

in the stock price. D) the sensitivity of the delta to the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

40) Portfolio A consists of 150 shares of stock and 300 calls on that stock. Portfolio B consists of

575 shares of stock. The call delta is 0.7. Which portfolio has a higher dollar exposure to a change in stock price? A) Portfolio B B) Portfolio A C) The two portfolios have the same exposure. D) Portfolio A if the stock price increases and portfolio B if it decreases E) Portfolio B if the stock price increases and portfolio A if it decreases

41) Portfolio A consists of 500 shares of stock and 500 calls on that stock. Portfolio B consists of

800 shares of stock. The call delta is 0.6. Which portfolio has a higher dollar exposure to a change in stock price? A) Portfolio B B) Portfolio A C) The two portfolios have the same exposure. D) Portfolio A if the stock price increases and portfolio B if it decreases E) Portfolio B if the stock price increases and portfolio A if it decreases

42) Portfolio A consists of 400 shares of stock and 400 calls on that stock. Portfolio B consists of

500 shares of stock. The call delta is 0.5. Which portfolio has a higher dollar exposure to a change in stock price? A) Portfolio B B) Portfolio A C) The two portfolios have the same exposure. D) Portfolio A if the stock price increases and portfolio B if it decreases E) Portfolio B if the stock price increases and portfolio A if it decreases

43) Portfolio A consists of 600 shares of stock and 300 calls on that stock. Portfolio B consists of

685 shares of stock. The call delta is 0.3. Which portfolio has a higher dollar exposure to a change in stock price? A) Portfolio B B) Portfolio A C) The two portfolios have the same exposure. D) Portfolio A if the stock price increases, and portfolio B if it decreases E) Portfolio B if the stock price increases, and portfolio A if it decreases

44) A portfolio consists of 100 shares of stock and 1500 calls on that stock. If the hedge ratio for

the call is 0.7, what would be the dollar change in the value of the portfolio in response to a $1 decline in the stock price? A) +$700 B) +$500 C) −$1,150 D) −$520 E) None of the options are correct.

45) A portfolio consists of 800 shares of stock and 100 calls on that stock. If the hedge ratio for

the call is 0.5, what would be the dollar change in the value of the portfolio in response to a $1 decline in the stock price? A) +$700 B) −$850 C) −$580 D) −$520 E) None of the options are correct.

46) A portfolio consists of 225 shares of stock and 300 calls on that stock. If the hedge ratio for

the call is 0.4, what would be the dollar change in the value of the portfolio in response to a $1 decline in the stock price? A) −$345 B) +$500 C) −$580 D) −$520 E) None of the options are correct.

47) A portfolio consists of 400 shares of stock and 200 calls on that stock. If the hedge ratio for

the call is 0.6, what would be the dollar change in the value of the portfolio in response to a $1 decline in the stock price? A) +$700 B) +$500 C) −$580 D) −$520 E) None of the options are correct.

48) If the hedge ratio for a stock call is 0.30, the hedge ratio for a put with the same expiration

date and exercise price as the call would be: A) 0.70. B) 0.30. C) −0.70. D) −0.30. E) −0.17.

49) If the hedge ratio for a stock call is 0.50, the hedge ratio for a put with the same expiration

date and exercise price as the call would be: A) 0.30. B) 0.50. C) −0.60. D) −0.50. E) −0.17.

50) If the hedge ratio for a stock call is 0.60, the hedge ratio for a put with the same expiration

date and exercise price as the call would be: A) 0.60. B) 0.40. C) −0.60. D) −0.40. E) −0.17.

51) If the hedge ratio for a stock call is 0.70, the hedge ratio for a put with the same expiration

date and exercise price as the call would be: A) 0.70. B) 0.30. C) −0.70. D) −0.30. E) −0.17.

52) A put option is currently selling for $6 with an exercise price of $50. If the hedge ratio for the

put is 0.30, and the stock is currently selling for $46, what is the elasticity of the put? A) 2.76 B) 2.30 C) −7.67 D) −2.76 E) −2.30

53) A put option on the S&P 500 Index will best protect a portfolio: A) of 100 shares of IBM stock. B) of 50 bonds. C) that corresponds to the S&P 500. D) of 50 shares of AT&T and 50 shares of Xerox stocks. E) that replicates the Dow.

54) Higher dividend-payout policies have a _________ impact on the value of the call and a

_________ impact on the value of the put compared to lower dividend-payout policies. A) negative; negative B) positive; positive C) positive; negative D) negative; positive E) zero; zero

55) Lower dividend-payout policies have a _________ impact on the value of the call and a

_________ impact on the value of the put compared to higher dividend-payout policies. A) negative; negative B) positive; positive C) positive; negative D) negative; positive E) zero; zero

56) A $1 decrease in a call option's exercise price would result in a(n) _________ in the call

option's value of _________ one dollar. A) increase; more than B) decrease; more than C) decrease; less than D) increase; less than E) increase; exactly

57) Which one of the following variables influences the value of call options? 1. Level of interest rates 2. Time to expiration of the option 3. Dividend yield of underlying stock 4. Stock price volatility A) 1 and 4 only B) 2 and 3 only C) 1, 2, and 4 only D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 E) 1, 2, and 3 only

58) Which one of the following variables influences the value of put options? 1. Level of interest rates 2. Time to expiration of the option 3. Dividend yield of underlying stock 4. Stock price volatility A) 1 and 4 only B) 2 and 3 only C) 1, 2, and 4 only D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 E) 1, 2, and 3 only

59) An American call-option buyer on a nondividend-paying stock will: A) always exercise the call as soon as it is in the money. B) only exercise the call when the stock price exceeds the previous high. C) never exercise the call early. D) buy an offsetting put whenever the stock price drops below the strike price. E) None of the options are correct.

60) Relative to European puts, otherwise identical American put options: A) are less valuable. B) are more valuable. C) are equal in value. D) will always be exercised earlier. E) None of the options are correct.

61) Use the two-state put-option value in this problem. SO = $100; X = $120; the two possibilities

for ST are $150 and $80. The range of P across the two states is _________, and the hedge ratio is _________. A) $0 and $40; −4 ÷ 7 B) $0 and $50; +4 ÷ 7 C) $0 and $40; +4 ÷ 7 D) $0 and $50; −4 ÷ 7 E) $20 and $40; +1 ÷ 2

62) Empirical tests of the Black-Scholes option pricing model: A) show that the model generates values fairly close to the prices at which options trade,

only. B) show that the model tends to overvalue deep in-the-money calls and undervalue deep out-of-the-money calls, only. C) indicate that the mispricing that does occur is due to the possible early exercise of American options on dividend-paying stocks, only. D) show that the model generates values fairly close to the prices at which options trade and indicate that the mispricing that does occur is due to the possible early exercise of American options on dividend-paying stocks. E) All of the options are correct.

63) Options sellers who are delta-hedging would most likely: A) sell when markets are falling. B) buy when markets are rising. C) sell when markets are falling and buy when markets are rising. D) sell whether markets are falling or rising. E) buy whether markets are falling or rising.

64) An American-style call option with six months to maturity has a strike price of $35. The

underlying stock now sells for $44. The call premium is $14. What is the intrinsic value of the call? A) $14 B) $9 C) $0 D) $23 E) None of the options are correct.

65) An American-style call option with six months to maturity has a strike price of $35. The

underlying stock now sells for $43. The call premium is $14. What is the time value of the call? A) $8 B) $14 C) $0 D) $6 E) Cannot be determined without more information

66) The hedge ratio of an at-the-money call option on KO is 0.2. The hedge ratio of an at-the-

money put option is −0.3. What is the hedge ratio of an at-the-money straddle position on KO? A) 0.1 B) −0.3 C) −0.1 D) 0.2 E) None of the options are correct.

67) An American-style call option with six months to maturity has a strike price of $35. The

underlying stock now sells for $43. The call premium is $12. If the company unexpectedly announces it will pay its first-ever dividend three months from today, you would expect that: A) the call price would increase. B) the call price would decrease. C) the call price would not change. D) the put price would decrease. E) the put price would not change.

68) The intrinsic value of an out-of-the-money call option is equal to: A) the call premium. B) zero. C) the stock price minus the exercise price. D) the striking price. E) None of the options are correct.

69) Since deltas change as stock values change, portfolio hedge ratios must be constantly updated

in active markets. This process is referred to as: A) portfolio insurance. B) rebalancing. C) option elasticity. D) gamma hedging. E) dynamic hedging.

70) In volatile markets, dynamic hedging may be difficult to implement because: A) prices move too quickly for effective rebalancing. B) as volatility increases, historical deltas are too low. C) price quotes may be delayed so that correct hedge ratios cannot be computed. D) volatile markets may cause trading halts. E) All of the options are correct.

71) Rubinstein (1994) observed that the performance of the Black-Scholes model had

deteriorated in recent years, and he attributed this to: A) investor fears of another market crash. B) higher-than-normal dividend payouts. C) early exercise of American call options. D) decreases in transaction costs. E) None of the options are correct.

72) The time value of a call option is 1. the difference between the option's price and the value it would have if it were expiring

immediately. 2. the same as the present value of the option's expected future cash flows. 3. the difference between the option's price and its expected future value. 4. different from the usual time value of money concept. A) 1 B) 1 and 2 C) 2 and 3 D) 2 E) 1 and 4

73) The time value of a put option is 1. the difference between the option's price and the value it would have if it were expiring

74) The intrinsic value of an at-the-money call option is equal to: A) the call premium. B) zero. C) the stock price plus the exercise price. D) the striking price. E) None of the options are correct.

75) As the underlying stock's price increased, the call option valuation function's slope

approaches: A) zero. B) one. C) two times the value of the stock. D) one-half the value of the stock. E) infinity.

76) The intrinsic value of an in-of-the-money call option is equal to: A) the call premium. B) zero. C) the stock price minus the exercise price. D) the striking price. E) None of the options are correct.

77) The Black-Scholes formula assumes that 1. the risk-free interest rate is constant over the life of the option. 2. the stock price volatility is constant over the life of the option. 3. the expected rate of return on the stock is constant over the life of the option. 4. there will be no sudden extreme jumps in stock prices. A) 1 and 2 B) 1 and 3 C) 2 and 3 D) 1, 2, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

78) The intrinsic value of an in-the-money put option is equal to: A) the stock price minus the exercise price. B) the put premium. C) zero. D) the exercise price minus the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

79) The hedge ratio of an option is also called the option's: A) alpha. B) beta. C) sigma. D) delta. E) rho.

80) The intrinsic value of an at-the-money put option is equal to: A) the stock price minus the exercise price. B) the put premium. C) zero. D) the exercise price minus the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

81) An American-style call option with six months to maturity has a strike price of $44. The

underlying stock now sells for $50. The call premium is $14. What is the intrinsic value of the call? A) $12 B) $10 C) $6 D) $23 E) None of the options are correct.

82) An American-style call option with six months to maturity has a strike price of $44. The

underlying stock now sells for $54. The call premium is $14. What is the time value of the call? A) $8 B) $12 C) $6 D) $4 E) Cannot be determined without more information

83) An American-style call option with six months to maturity has a strike price of $42. The

underlying stock now sells for $50. The call premium is $14. If the company unexpectedly announces it will pay its first-ever dividend four months from today, you would expect that: A) the call price would increase. B) the call price would decrease. C) the call price would not change. D) the put price would decrease. E) the put price would not change.

84) The intrinsic value of an out-of-the-money put option is equal to: A) the stock price minus the exercise price. B) the put premium. C) zero. D) the exercise price minus the stock price. E) None of the options are correct.

85) Vega is defined as: A) the change in the value of an option for a dollar change in the price of the underlying

86) The price of a stock is currently $50. Over the course of the next year, the price is anticipated

to rise to $55 or decline to $46. If both outcomes are equally likely and the risk-free interest rate is 3%, what is the price of a one year call option with an exercise price of $50 using the binomial model? A) $2.43 B) $2.50 C) $2.66 D) $2.70 E) None of the options are correct.

87) The price of a stock is currently $37. Over the course of the next year, the price is anticipated

to rise to $40 or decline to $36. If the upside has a 65% probability of occurring and the riskfree interest rate is 3%, what is the price of a one year call option with an exercise price of $35 using the binomial model? A) $1.43 B) $1.50 C) $1.26 D) $2.70 E) None of the options are correct.

88) The price of a stock is currently $38. Over the course of the next year, the price is anticipated

to rise to $41 or decline to $36. If the upside has a 65% probability of occurring and the riskfree interest rate is 3%, what is the price of a six month call option with an exercise price of $35 using the binomial model? A) $3.89 B) $4.18 C) $4.25 D) $4.70 E) None of the options are correct.

89) A call option was purchased last month for $2.50 with an exercise price of $45. The option is

exercised when the market price of the stock is $48. What is the net profit or loss to the investor? A) $3.00 B) $2.50 C) $0.50 D) $0.60 E) None of the options are correct.

90) A put option was purchased two months ago for $3.70 with an exercise price of $50. The

option is exercised when the market price of the stock is $48. What is the net profit or loss to the investor? A) $3.00 B) $2.70 C) −$1.70 D) −$2.00 E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 21 1) B 2) C 3) A 4) D 5) A 6) A 7) B 8) A 9) E 10) E 11) C 12) C 13) A 14) C 15) D 16) E 17) D 18) A 19) E 20) A 21) B 22) D 23) D 24) E 25) A 26) C 27) C 28) C 29) C 30) D 31) A 32) A 33) C 34) A 35) C 36) D 37) D

38) B 39) B 40) A 41) C 42) B 43) B 44) C 45) B 46) A 47) D 48) C 49) D 50) D 51) D 52) E 53) C 54) D 55) C 56) D 57) D 58) D 59) C 60) B 61) A 62) D 63) C 64) B 65) D 66) C 67) B 68) B 69) E 70) E 71) A 72) E 73) E 74) B 75) B 76) C 77) D

78) D 79) D 80) C 81) C 82) D 83) B 84) C 85) E 86) A 87) C 88) B 89) C 90) C

Chapter 22:__________ 1) A futures contract: A) is an agreement to buy or sell a specified amount of an asset at the spot price on the

expiration date of the contract. B) is an agreement to buy or sell a specified amount of an asset at a predetermined price on the expiration date of the contract. C) gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset sometime in the future. D) is a contract to be signed in the future by the buyer and the seller of the commodity. E) None of the options are correct.

2) The terms of futures contracts _________ standardized, and the terms of forward contracts

_________ standardized. A) are; are B) are not; are C) are; are not D) are not; are not E) are; may or may not be

3) Futures contracts _________ traded on an organized exchange, and forward contracts

_________ traded on an organized exchange. A) are not; are B) are; are C) are not; are not D) are; are not E) are; may or may not be

4) In a futures contract, the futures price is: A) determined by the buyer and the seller when the delivery of the commodity takes

place. B) determined by the futures exchange. C) determined by the buyer and the seller when they initiate the contract. D) determined independently by the provider of the underlying asset. E) None of the options are correct.

5) The buyer of a futures contract is said to have a _________ position, and the seller of a

futures contract is said to have a _________ position in futures. A) long; short B) long; long C) short; short D) short; long E) margined; long

6) Investors who take long positions in futures agree to _________ of the commodity on the

delivery date, and those who take the short positions agree to _________ of the commodity. A) make delivery; take delivery B) take delivery; make delivery C) take delivery; take delivery D) make delivery; make delivery E) negotiate the price; pay the price

7) The terms of futures contracts, such as the quality and quantity of the commodity and the

delivery date, are: A) specified by the buyers and sellers. B) specified only by the buyers. C) specified by the futures exchanges. D) specified by brokers and dealers. E) None of the options are correct.

8) A trader who has a _________ position in wheat futures believes the price of wheat will

_________ in the future. A) long; increase B) long; decrease C) short; increase D) long; stay the same E) short; stay the same

9) A trader who has a _________ position in gold futures wants the price of gold to _________

in the future. A) long; decrease B) short; decrease C) short; stay the same D) short; increase E) long; stay the same

10) The open interest on silver futures at a particular time is the: A) number of silver futures contracts traded during the day. B) number of outstanding silver futures contracts for delivery within the next month. C) number of silver futures contracts traded the previous day. D) number of all long or short silver futures contracts outstanding.

11) Which one of the following statements regarding delivery is true? A) Most futures contracts result in actual delivery. B) Only less than 1% to 3% of futures contracts result in actual delivery. C) Only 15% of futures contracts result in actual delivery. D) Approximately 50% of futures contracts result in actual delivery. E) Futures contracts never result in actual delivery.

12) Which of the following statements regarding delivery is false? 1. Most futures contracts result in actual delivery. 2. Only less than 1% to 3% of futures contracts result in actual delivery. 3. Only 15% of futures contracts result in actual delivery. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II E) I and III

13) You hold one long corn futures contract that expires in April. To close your position in corn

futures before the delivery date, you must: A) buy one May corn futures contract. B) buy two April corn futures contract. C) sell one April corn futures contract. D) sell one May corn futures contract.

14) Which one of the following statements is true? A) The maintenance margin is the amount of money you post with your broker when you

buy or sell a futures contract. B) If the value of the margin account falls below the maintenance-margin requirement, the holder of the contract will receive a margin call. C) A margin deposit can only be met with cash. D) All futures contracts require the same margin deposit. E) The maintenance margin is set by the producer of the underlying asset.

15) Which of the following statements is false? 1. The maintenance margin is the amount of money you post with your broker when you

buy or sell a futures contract. 2. If the value of the margin account falls below the maintenance-margin requirement, the holder of the contract will receive a margin call. 3. A margin deposit can only be met with cash. 4. All futures contracts require the same margin deposit. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) IV only E) I, III, and IV

16) Financial futures contracts are actively traded on the following indices except: A) the S&P 500 Index. B) the New York Stock Exchange Index. C) the Nikkei Index. D) the Dow Jones Industrial Index. E) All are actively traded.

17) Financial futures contracts are actively traded on which of the following indices? A) The S&P 500 Index B) The New York Stock Exchange Index C) The Nikkei Index D) The Dow Jones Industrial Index E) All of the options are correct.

18) Agricultural futures contracts are actively traded on: A) corn, only. B) oats, only. C) pork bellies, only. D) corn and oats, only. E) All of the options are correct.

19) Agricultural futures contracts are actively traded on: A) soybeans, only. B) oats, only. C) wheat, only. D) soybeans and oats, only. E) All of the options are correct.

20) Agricultural futures contracts are actively traded on: A) milk, only. B) orange juice, only. C) lumber, only. D) milk and orange juice, only. E) All of the options are correct.

21) Agricultural futures contracts are actively traded on: A) rice, only. B) sugar, only. C) cotton, only. D) rice and sugar, only. E) All of the options are correct.

22) Foreign currency futures contracts are actively traded on the: A) euro, only. B) British pound, only. C) drachma, only. D) euro and British pound. E) All of the options are correct.

23) Foreign currency futures contracts are actively traded on the: A) Japanese yen, only. B) Australian dollar, only. C) Brazilian real, only. D) Japanese yen and Australian dollar, only. E) All of the options are correct.

24) Metals and energy currency futures contracts are actively traded on: A) gold, only. B) silver, only. C) propane, only. D) gold and silver, only. E) All of the options are correct.

25) Metals and energy currency futures contracts are actively traded on: A) copper, only. B) platinum, only. C) weather, only. D) copper and platinum, only. E) All of the options are correct.

26) Interest rate futures contracts are actively traded on the: A) eurodollars, only. B) euroyen, only. C) sterling, only. D) Eurodollars and euro yen, only. E) All of the options are correct.

27) To exploit an expected increase in interest rates, an investor would most likely: A) sell Treasury bond futures. B) take a long position in wheat futures. C) buy S&P 500 Index futures. D) take a long position in Treasury bond futures. E) None of the options are correct.

28) An investor with a long position in Treasury notes futures will profit if: A) interest rates decline. B) interest rates increase. C) the prices of Treasury notes decrease. D) the price of the S&P 500 Index increases. E) None of the options are correct.

29) To hedge a long position in Treasury bonds, an investor would most likely: A) buy interest rate futures. B) sell S&P futures. C) sell interest rate futures. D) buy Treasury bonds in the spot market. E) None of the options are correct.

30) An increase in the basis will _________ a long hedger and _________ a short hedger. A) hurt; benefit B) hurt; hurt C) benefit; hurt D) benefit; benefit E) benefit; have no effect upon

31) Which one of the following statements regarding "basis" is not true? A) The basis is the difference between the futures price and the spot price. B) The basis risk is borne by the hedger. C) A short hedger suffers losses when the basis decreases. D) The basis increases when the futures price increases by more than the spot price.

32) Which one of the following statements regarding "basis" is true? A) The basis is the difference between the futures price and the spot price, only. B) The basis risk is borne by the hedger, only. C) A short hedger suffers losses when the basis decreases, only. D) The basis increases when the futures price increases by more than the spot price. E) The basis is the difference between the futures price and the spot price, basis risk is

borne by the hedger, and basis increases when the futures price increases by more than the spot price.

33) If you determine that the S&P 500 Index futures is overpriced relative to the spot S&P 500

Index, you could make an arbitrage profit by: A) buying all the stocks in the S&P 500 and selling put options on the S&P 500 Index. B) selling short all the stocks in the S&P 500 and buying S&P Index futures. C) selling all the stocks in the S&P 500 and buying call options on the S&P 500 Index. D) selling S&P 500 Index futures and buying all the stocks in the S&P 500. E) None of the options are correct.

34) On January 1, the listed spot and futures prices of a Treasury bond were 93.80 and 93.25.

You purchased $100,000 par value Treasury bonds and sold one Treasury bond futures contract. One month later, the listed spot price and futures prices were 94 and 94.50, respectively. If you were to liquidate your position, your profits would be a: A) $1,050 loss. B) $1,050 profit. C) $1,250 loss. D) $1,250 gain. E) None of the options are correct.

35) You purchased one silver future contract at $2 per ounce. What would be your profit (loss) at

maturity if the silver spot price at that time is $3.50 per ounce? Assume the contract size is 5,000 ounces and there are no transactions costs. A) $5,500 profit B) $7,500 profit C) $7,500 loss D) $5,500 loss E) None of the options are correct.

36) You sold one silver future contract at $2 per ounce. What would be your profit (loss) at

37) You purchased one corn future contract at $5.30 per bushel. What would be your profit (loss)

at maturity if the corn spot price at that time were $5.10 per bushel? Assume the contract size is 5,000 bushels and there are no transactions costs. A) $1,000 profit B) $20 profit C) $1,000 loss D) $20 loss E) None of the options are correct.

38) You sold one corn future contract at $6.29 per bushel. What would be your profit (loss) at

maturity if the corn spot price at that time were $6.10 per bushel? Assume the contract size is 5,000 bushels and there are no transactions costs. A) $950 profit B) $95 profit C) $950 loss D) $95 loss E) None of the options are correct.

39) You sold one wheat future contract at $6.04 per bushel. What would be your profit (loss) at

maturity if the wheat spot price at that time were $5.98 per bushel? Assume the contract size is 5,000 bushels and there are no transactions costs. A) $30 profit B) $300 profit C) $300 loss D) $30 loss E) None of the options are correct.

40) You purchased one wheat future contract at $5.04 per bushel. What would be your profit

(loss) at maturity if the wheat spot price at that time were $4.98 per bushel? Assume the contract size is 5,000 bushels and there are no transactions costs. A) $30 profit B) $300 profit C) $300 loss D) $30 loss E) None of the options are correct.

41) On January 1, you sold one April S&P 500 Index futures contract at a futures price of 3,420.

If, on February 1, the April futures price was 3,430, what would be your profit (loss) if you closed your position (without considering transactions costs)? A) $2,500 loss B) $10 loss C) $2,500 profit D) $10 profit E) None of the options are correct.

42) On January 1, you bought one April S&P 500 index futures contract at a futures price of

3,420. If, on February 1, the April futures price was 3,430, what would be your profit (loss) if you closed your position (without considering transactions costs)? A) $2,500 loss B) $10 loss C) $2,500 profit D) $10 profit E) None of the options are correct.

43) You sold one soybean future contract at $5.13 per bushel. What would be your profit (loss) at

maturity if the wheat spot price at that time were $5.26 per bushel? Assume the contract size is 5,000 bushels and there are no transactions costs. A) $65 profit B) $650 profit C) $650 loss D) $65 loss E) None of the options are correct.

44) You bought one soybean future contract at $5.13 per bushel. What would be your profit

(loss) at maturity if the wheat spot price at that time were $5.26 per bushel? Assume the contract size is 5,000 bushels and there are no transactions costs. A) $65 profit B) $650 profit C) $650 loss D) $65 loss E) None of the options are correct.

45) On April 1, you bought one S&P 500 Index futures contract at a futures price of 1,550. If, on

June 15, the futures price was 1,612, what would be your profit (loss) if you closed your position (without considering transactions costs)? A) $1,550 loss B) $15,500 loss C) $15,500 profit D) $1,550 profit E) None of the options are correct.

46) On April 1, you sold one S&P 500 Index futures contract at a futures price of 1,550. If, on

47) The expectations hypothesis of futures pricing: A) is the simplest theory of futures pricing, only. B) states that the futures price equals the expected value of the future spot price of the

asset, only. C) is not a zero-sum game, only. D) is the simplest theory of futures pricing and states that the futures price equals the expected value of the future spot price of the asset. E) is the simplest theory of futures pricing and is not a zero-sum game.

48) Normal backwardation: A) maintains that, for most commodities, there are natural hedgers who desire to shed

risk, only. B) maintains that speculators will enter the long side of the contract only if the futures price is below the expected spot price, only. C) assumes that risk premiums in the futures markets are based on systematic risk, only. D) maintains that, for most commodities, there are natural hedgers who desire to shed risk, and that speculators will enter the long side of the contract only if the futures price is below the expected spot price. E) maintains that speculators will enter the long side of the contract only if the futures price is below the expected spot price and assumes that risk premiums in the futures markets are based on systematic risk.

49) Contango: A) holds that the natural hedgers are the purchasers of a commodity, not the suppliers. B) is a hypothesis polar opposite to backwardation. C) holds that FO must be less than (PT). D) holds that the natural hedgers are the purchasers of a commodity, not the suppliers,

and holds that FO must be less than (PT). E) holds that the natural hedgers are the purchasers of a commodity, not the suppliers, and is a hypothesis polar opposite to backwardation.

50) Delivery of stock index futures: A) is never made. B) is made by a cash settlement based on the index value. C) requires delivery of 1 share of each stock in the index. D) is made by delivering 100 shares of each stock in the index. E) is made by delivering a value-weighted basket of stocks.

51) The establishment of a futures market in a commodity should not have a major impact on

spot prices because: A) the futures market is small relative to the spot market. B) the futures market is illiquid. C) futures are a zero-sum game. D) the futures market is large relative to the spot market. E) most futures contracts do not take delivery.

52) Given a stock index with a value of $1,500, an anticipated dividend of $62 and a risk-free

rate of 5.75%, what should be the value of one futures contract on the index? A) $1,343.40 B) $62.00 C) $1,418.44 D) $1,524.25 E) None of the options are correct.

53) If a trader holding a long position in corn futures fails to meet the obligations of a futures

contract, the party that is hurt by the failure is: A) the offsetting short trader. B) the corn farmer. C) the clearinghouse. D) the broker. E) the commodities dealer.

54) Open interest includes: A) only contracts with a specified delivery date. B) the sum of short and long positions. C) the sum of short, long, and clearinghouse positions. D) the sum of long or short positions and clearinghouse positions. E) only long or short positions but not both.

55) The process of marking to market: A) posts gains or losses to each account daily, only. B) may result in margin calls, only. C) impacts only long positions, only. D) posts gains or losses to each account daily and may result in margin calls. E) All of the options are correct.

56) Futures contracts are regulated by: A) the Commodities Futures Trading Corporation. B) the Chicago Board of Trade. C) the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. D) the Federal Reserve. E) the Securities and Exchange Commission.

57) Taxation of futures trading gains and losses: A) is based on cumulative year-end profits or losses. B) occurs based on the date contracts are sold or closed. C) can be timed to offset stock-portfolio gains and losses. D) is based on the contract holding period. E) None of the options are correct.

58) Speculators may use futures markets rather than spot markets because: A) transaction costs are lower in futures markets, only. B) futures markets provide leverage, only. C) spot markets are less efficient, only. D) futures markets are less efficient, only. E) transaction costs are lower in futures markets, and futures markets provide leverage.

59) Given a stock index with a value of $1,000, an anticipated dividend of $30, and a risk-free

rate of 6%, what should be the value of one futures contract on the index? A) $943.40 B) $970.00 C) $1,030.00 D) $915.09 E) $1,000.00

60) Given a stock index with a value of $1,125, an anticipated dividend of $33, and a risk-free

rate of 4%, what should be the value of one futures contract on the index? A) $1,137.00 B) $1,070.00 C) $993.40 D) $995.09 E) $1,000.00

61) Given a stock index with a value of $1,100, an anticipated dividend of $27, and a risk-free

rate of 3%, what should be the value of one futures contract on the index? A) $943.40 B) $970.00 C) $913.40 D) $1,106.00 E) $1,000.00

62) Given a stock index with a value of $1,200, an anticipated dividend of $45, and a risk-free

rate of 6%, what should be the value of one futures contract on the index? A) $1,227.00 B) $1,070.00 C) $993.40 D) $995.09 E) $1,000.00

63) Which of the following items is specified in a futures contract? 1. The contract size 2. The maximum acceptable price range during the life of the contract 3. The acceptable grade of the commodity on which the contract is held 4. The market price at expiration 5. The settlement price A) I, II, and IV B) I, III, and V C) I and V D) I, IV, and V E) I, II, III, IV, and V

64) Which of the following items is not specified in a futures contract? 1. The contract size 2. The maximum acceptable price range during the life of the contract 3. The acceptable grade of the commodity on which the contract is held 4. The market price at expiration 5. The settlement price A) II and IV B) I, III, and V C) I and V D) I, IV, and V E) I, II, III, IV, and V

65) Regarding futures contracts, what does the word "margin" mean? A) It is the amount of the money borrowed from the broker when you buy the contract. B) It is the maximum percentage that the price of the contract can change before it is

marked to market. C) It is the maximum percentage that the price of the underlying asset can change before it is marked to market. D) It is a good-faith deposit made at the time of the contract's purchase or sale. E) It is the amount by which the contract is marked to market.

66) Which of the following is true about profits from futures contracts? A) The person with the long position gets to decide whether to exercise the futures

contract and will only do so if there is a profit to be made. B) It is possible for both the holder of the long position and the holder of the short position to earn a profit. C) The clearinghouse makes most of the profit. D) The amount that the holder of the long position gains must equal the amount that the holder of the short position loses. E) Holders of short positions can recognize profits by making delivery early.

67) Which of the following is false about profits from futures contracts? 1. The person with the long position gets to decide whether to exercise the futures contract

and will only do so if there is a profit to be made. 2. It is possible for both the holder of the long position and the holder of the short position to earn a profit. 3. The clearinghouse makes most of the profit. 4. The amount that the holder of the long position gains must equal the amount that the holder of the short position loses. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) IV only E) I, II, and III

68) Some of the newer futures contracts include 1. fashion futures. 2. weather futures. 3. electricity futures. 4. entertainment futures. A) I and II B) II and III C) III and IV D) I, II, and III E) I, III, and IV

69) Who guarantees that a futures contract will be fulfilled? A) The buyer B) The seller C) The broker D) The clearinghouse E) Nobody

70) If you took a long position in a pork bellies futures contract and then forgot about it, what

would happen at the expiration of the contract? A) Nothing—the seller understands that these things happen. B) You would wake up to find the pork bellies on your front lawn. C) Your broker would send you a nasty letter. D) You would be notified that you owe the holder of the short position a certain amount of cash. E) You would be notified that you have to pay a penalty in addition to the regular cost of the pork bellies.

71) If a trader holding a long position in oil futures fails to meet the obligations of a futures

contract, the party that is hurt by the failure is: A) the offsetting short trader. B) the oil producer. C) the clearinghouse. D) the broker. E) the commodities dealer.

72) A trader who has a _________ position in oil futures believes the price of oil will _________

in the future. A) short; increase B) long; increase C) short; stay the same D) long; stay the same E) None of the options are correct.

73) A trader who has a _________ position in gold futures wants the price of gold to _________

in the future. A) long; decrease B) short; decrease C) short; stay the same D) short; increase E) long; stay the same

74) You hold one long oil futures contract that expires in April. To close your position in oil

futures before the delivery date, you must: A) buy one May oil futures contract. B) buy two April oil futures contracts. C) sell one April oil futures contract. D) sell one May oil futures contract. E) None of the options are correct.

75) Financial futures contracts are actively traded on the following indices except: A) the All ordinary index, only. B) the DAX 30 Index, only. C) the CAC 40 Index, only. D) the Toronto 35 Index, only. E) All Indices above actively trade futures.

76) Financial futures contracts are actively traded on which of the following indices? A) The All ordinary index, only B) The DAX 30 Index, only C) The CAC 40 Index, only D) The Toronto 35 Index, only E) All of the options are correct.

77) To exploit an expected decrease in interest rates, an investor would most likely: A) buy Treasury bond futures. B) take a long position in wheat futures. C) buy S&P 500 Index futures. D) take a short position in Treasury bond futures. E) None of the options are correct.

78) An investor with a short position in Treasury notes futures will profit if: A) interest rates decline. B) interest rates increase. C) the prices of Treasury notes increase. D) the price of the long bond increases. E) None of the options are correct.

79) To hedge a short position in Treasury bonds, an investor would most likely: A) ignore interest rate futures. B) buy S&P futures. C) buy interest rate futures. D) sell Treasury bonds in the spot market. E) None of the options are correct.

80) A decrease in the basis will _________ a long hedger and _________ a short hedger. A) hurt; benefit B) hurt; hurt C) benefit; hurt D) benefit; benefit E) benefit; have no effect upon

81) Which one of the following statements regarding "basis" is true? 1. The basis is the difference between the futures price and the spot price. 2. The basis risk is borne by the hedger. 3. A short hedger suffers losses when the basis decreases. 4. The basis increases when the futures price increases by more than the spot price. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) IV only E) I, II, and IV

82) If you determine that the DAX-30 Index futures is overpriced relative to the spot DAX-30

Index, you could make an arbitrage profit by: A) buying all the stocks in the DAX-30 and selling put options on the DAX-30 Index. B) selling short all the stocks in the DAX-30 and buying DAX-30 futures. C) selling all the stocks in the DAX-30 and buying call options on the DAX-30 Index. D) selling DAX-30 Index futures and buying all the stocks in the DAX-30. E) None of the options are correct.

83) If you determine that the DAX-30 Index futures is underpriced relative to the spot DAX-30

Index, you could make an arbitrage profit by: A) buying all the stocks in the DAX-30 and selling put options on the DAX-30 Index. B) selling short all the stocks in the DAX-30 and buying DAX-30 futures. C) selling all the stocks in the DAX-30 and buying call options on the DAX-30 Index. D) buying DAX-30 Index futures and selling all the stocks in the DAX-30. E) None of the options are correct.

84) On January 1, the listed spot and futures prices of a Treasury bond were 95.4 and 95.6. You

sold $100,000 par value Treasury bonds and purchased one Treasury bond futures contract. One month later, the listed spot price and futures prices were 95 and 94.4, respectively. If you were to liquidate your position, your profits would be a: A) $125 loss. B) $125 profit. C) $1,060.50 loss. D) $1,062.50 profit. E) None of the options are correct.

85) You purchased one oil future contract at $70 per barrel. What would be your profit (loss) at

maturity if the oil spot price at that time is $73.12 per barrel? Assume the contract size is 1,000 barrels and there are no transactions costs. A) $3.12 profit B) $31.20 profit C) $3.12 loss D) $31.20 loss E) None of the options are correct.

86) You sold one oil future contract at $70 per barrel. What would be your profit (loss) at

87) Which of the following is a hedge strategy? A) An airline going short oil futures B) A cereal company purchasing corn in the spot market C) An auto manufacturer longing steel futures D) A hedge fund shorting index futures E) None of the options are correct.

88) Which of the following is a speculation strategy? A) An airline going long oil futures B) A cereal company purchasing corn in the spot market C) An auto manufacturer longing steal futures D) A hedge fund shorting index futures E) None of the options are correct.

89) Which of the following is a hedge strategy? A) A farmer going short corn futures. B) A cereal company purchasing corn in the spot market. C) An auto manufacturer shorting steal futures. D) A bank shorting index futures. E) None of the options are correct.

90) What concept prevents investors from having control over the tax year in which they realize

gains and losses? A) Mark-to-market B) Volatility C) Market timing D) Tax code changes E) Conservation principle

91) VM Industries imports numerous parts from India for assembly in the USA. What category

of futures contract will likely be used to hedge this transaction? A) Foreign currency B) Metals and energy C) Interest rates D) Equity indexes E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 22 1) B 2) C 3) D 4) C 5) A 6) B 7) C 8) A 9) B 10) D 11) B 12) E 13) C 14) B 15) E 16) E 17) E 18) E 19) E 20) E 21) E 22) D 23) E 24) E 25) E 26) E 27) A 28) A 29) C 30) C 31) C 32) E 33) D 34) A 35) B 36) C 37) C

38) A 39) B 40) C 41) A 42) C 43) C 44) B 45) C 46) B 47) D 48) D 49) E 50) B 51) C 52) D 53) C 54) E 55) D 56) A 57) A 58) E 59) C 60) A 61) D 62) A 63) B 64) A 65) D 66) D 67) E 68) B 69) D 70) D 71) C 72) B 73) B 74) C 75) E 76) E 77) A

78) B 79) C 80) A 81) E 82) D 83) D 84) E 85) E 86) E 87) C 88) D 89) A 90) A 91) A

Chapter 23:__________ 1) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of $50 times the index value? A) Russell 2000 B) S&P 500 (E-mini) C) Nikkei D) DAX-30 E) NASDAQ 100

2) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of $5 times the index value? A) Russell 2000 B) Mini-Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) C) Nikkei D) DAX-30 E) NASDAQ 100

3) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of $50 times the index value? A) Russell 2000 B) FTSE 100 C) Nikkei D) NASDAQ 100 E) Mini-Russell 2000 and S&P 500 (E-mini)

4) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of $50 times the index value? A) Mini-Russell 2000 B) FTSE 100 C) S&P Mid-Cap D) DAX-30 E) Russell 2000 and S&P Mid-Cap

5) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of $100 times the index

value? A) B) C) D) E)

CAC 40 S&P 500 Index Nikkei DAX-30 NASDAQ 100

6) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of 10 euros times the index? A) CAC 40 B) Hang Seng C) Nikkei D) DAX-30 E) CAC 40 and Hang Seng

7) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of 50 Hong Kong dollars

times the index? A) FTSE 100 B) Hang Seng C) Nikkei D) DAX-30 E) FTSE 100 and Hang Seng

8) Which one of the following stock index futures has a multiplier of 50 euros times the index? A) FTSE 100 B) CAC 40 C) DAX-30 D) DAX-30 and CAC 40 E) None of the options are correct.

9) If you purchased one S&P 500 Index futures contract at a price of 3,550 and closed your

position when the index futures was 3,547, you incurred: A) a loss of $1,500. B) a gain of $1,500. C) a loss of $750. D) a gain of $750. E) None of the options are correct.

10) If you took a short position in two S&P 500 futures contracts at a price of 3,510 and closed

the position when the index futures was 3,492, you incurred: A) a gain of $9,000. B) a loss of $9,000. C) a loss of $18,000. D) a gain of $18,000. E) None of the options are correct.

11) If a stock index futures contract is overpriced, you would exploit this situation by: A) selling both the stock index futures and the stocks in the index. B) selling the stock index futures and simultaneously buying the stocks in the index. C) buying both the stock index futures and the stocks in the index. D) buying the stock index futures and selling the stocks in the index. E) None of the options are correct.

12) Foreign exchange futures markets are _________, and the foreign exchange forward markets

are _________. A) informal; formal B) formal; formal C) formal; informal D) informal; informal E) unorganized; organized

13) Suppose that the risk-free rates in the United States and in the United Kingdom are 4% and

6%, respectively. The spot exchange rate between the dollar and the pound is $1.60 per BP. What should the futures price of the pound for a one-year contract be to prevent arbitrage opportunities, ignoring transactions costs? A) $1.60 per BP B) $1.70 per BP C) $1.66 per BP D) $1.63 per BP E) $1.57 per BP

14) Suppose that the risk-free rates in the United States and in the United Kingdom are 5% and

4%, respectively. The spot exchange rate between the dollar and the pound is $1.80 per BP. What should the futures price of the pound for a one-year contract be to prevent arbitrage opportunities, ignoring transactions costs? A) $1.62 per BP B) $1.72 per BP C) $1.82 per BP D) $1.92 per BP

15) Suppose that the risk-free rates in the United States and in Japan are 5.25% and 4.5%,

respectively. The spot exchange rate between the dollar and the yen is $0.008828 per yen. What should the futures price of the yen for a one-year contract be to prevent arbitrage opportunities, ignoring transactions costs? A) $0.009999 per yen B) $0.009981 per yen C) $0.008981 per yen D) $0.008891 per yen

16) Let RUS be the annual risk-free rate in the United States, RUK be the risk-free rate in the

United Kingdom, F be the futures price of $ per BP for a 1-year contract, and E the spot exchange rate of $ per BP. Which one of the following is true? A) If RUS > RUK, then E > F. B) If RUS < RUK, then E < F. C) If RUS > RUK, then E < F. D) If RUS < RUK, then F = E. E) There is no consistent relationship that can be predicted.

17) Let RUS be the annual risk-free rate in the United States, RJ be the risk-free rate in Japan, F be

the futures price of $ per yen for a 1-year contract, and E the spot exchange rate of $ per yen. Which one of the following is true? A) If RUS > RJ, then E < F. B) If RUS < RJ, then E < F. C) If RUS > RJ, then E > F. D) If RUS < RJ, then F = E. E) There is no consistent relationship that can be predicted.

18) Consider the following: CF Now Risk-free rate in the United States Risk-free rate in Australia Spot exchange rate

0.04 per year 0.03 per year 1.67 A$ per $

What should be the proper futures price for a 1-year contract? A) 1.703 A$ per $ B) 1.654 A$ per $ C) 1.638 A$ per $ D) 1.778 A$ per $ E) 1.686 A$ per $

19) Consider the following: CF Now Risk-free rate in the United States Risk-free rate in Australia Spot exchange rate

0.04 per year 0.03 per year 1.67 A$ per $

If the futures market price is 1.63 A$ per $, how could you arbitrage? Note: Round the intermediate calculations to 4 decimal places. A) Borrow Australian dollars in Australia, convert them to dollars, lend the proceeds in the United States, and enter futures positions to purchase Australian dollars at the current futures price. B) Borrow U.S. dollars in the United States, convert them to Australian dollars, lend the proceeds in Australia, and enter futures positions to sell Australian dollars at the current futures price. C) Borrow U.S. dollars in the United States, invest them in the U.S., and enter futures positions to purchase Australian dollars at the current futures price. D) Borrow Australian dollars in Australia and invest them there, then convert back to U.S. dollars at the spot price. E) There is no arbitrage opportunity.

20) Consider the following: CF Now Risk-free rate in the United States Risk-free rate in Australia Spot exchange rate

0.04 per year 0.03 per year 1.67 A$ per $

If the market futures price is 1.69 A$ per $, how could you arbitrage? Note: Round the intermediate calculations to 4 decimal places. A) Borrow Australian dollars in Australia, convert them to dollars, lend the proceeds in the United States, and enter futures positions to purchase Australian dollars at the current futures price. B) Borrow U.S. dollars in the United States, convert them to Australian dollars, lend the proceeds in Australia, and enter futures positions to sell Australian dollars at the current futures price. C) Borrow U.S. dollars in the United States, invest them in the U.S., and enter futures positions to purchase Australian dollars at the current futures price. D) Borrow Australian dollars in Australia and invest them there, then convert back to U.S. dollars at the spot price. E) There is no arbitrage opportunity.

21) Consider the following: CF Now Risk-free rate in the United States Risk-free rate in Australia Spot exchange rate

0.04 per year 0.03 per year 1.67 A$ per $

Assume the current market futures price is 1.66 A$ per $. You borrow 167,000 A$, convert the proceeds to U.S. dollars, and invest them in the U.S. at the risk-free rate. You simultaneously enter a contract to purchase 170,340 A$ at the current futures price (maturity of 1 year). What would be your profit (loss)? A) Profit of 630 A$ B) Loss of 2300 A$ C) Profit of 2300 A$ D) Loss of 630 A$ E) None of the options are correct.

22) Which of the following is(are) example(s) of interest rate futures contracts? A) Corporate bonds, only B) Treasury bonds, only C) Eurodollars, only D) Treasury bonds and Eurodollars E) Corporate bonds and Treasury bonds

23) A swap: A) obligates two counterparties to exchange cash flows at one or more future dates, only. B) allows participants to restructure their balance sheets, only. C) allows a firm to convert outstanding fixed rate debt to floating rate debt, only. D) obligates two counterparties to exchange cash flows at one or more future dates and

allows participants to restructure their balance sheets. E) obligates two counterparties to exchange cash flows at one or more future dates, allows participants to restructure their balance sheets, and allows a firm to convert outstanding fixed rate debt to floating rate debt.

24) Credit risk in the swap market: A) is extensive, only. B) is limited to the difference between the values of the fixed rate and floating rate

obligations, only. C) is equal to the total value of the payments that the floating rate payer was obligated to make, only. D) is extensive and equal to the total value of the payments that the floating rate payer was obligated to make. E) None of the options are correct.

25) Trading in stock index futures: A) now exceeds buying and selling of shares in most markets. B) reduces transactions costs as compared to trading in stocks. C) increases leverage as compared to trading in stocks. D) generally results in faster execution than trading in stocks. E) All of the options are correct.

26) Commodity futures pricing: A) must be related to spot prices. B) includes cost of carry. C) converges to spot prices at maturity. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

27) Arbitrage proofs in futures market pricing relationships: A) rely on the CAPM. B) demonstrate how investors can exploit misalignments. C) incorporate transactions costs. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

28) One reason swaps are desirable is that: A) they are free of credit risk. B) they have no transactions costs. C) they increase interest rate volatility. D) they increase interest rate risk. E) they offer participants easy ways to restructure their balance sheets.

29) Which two indices had the lowest correlation between them during the 2017-2021 period? A) S&P and DJIA B) S&P and NASDAQ 100 C) NASDAQ and Russell 2000 D) S&P and Russell 2000 E) NASDAQ and DJIA

30) Which two indices had the highest correlation between them during the 2017-2021 period? A) S&P and DJIA B) S&P and Russell 2000 C) DJIA and Russell 2000 D) S&P and NASDAQ 100 E) NASDAQ 100 and DJIA

31) The value of a futures contract for storable commodities can be determined by the

_________, and the model _________ consistent with parity relationships. A) CAPM; will be B) CAPM; will not be C) APT; will not be D) APT; will be E) CAPM and APT; will be

32) In the equation Profits = a + b × ($ per £ exchange rate), b is a measure of: A) the firm's beta when measured in terms of the foreign currency. B) the ratio of the firm's beta in terms of dollars to the firm's beta in terms of pounds. C) the sensitivity of profits to the exchange rate. D) the sensitivity of the exchange rate to profits. E) the frequency with which the exchange rate changes.

33) Hedging one commodity by using a futures contract on another commodity is called: A) surrogate hedging. B) cross hedging. C) alternative hedging. D) correlative hedging. E) proxy hedging.

34) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.60

Current S&P500 Value

1,400

Anticipated S&P500 Value

1,200

million

If the anticipated market value materializes, what will be your expected loss on the portfolio? A) 14.29% B) 16.67% C) 15.43% D) 8.57% E) 6.42%

35) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.60

Current S&P500 Value

1,400

Anticipated S&P500 Value

1,200

million

What is the dollar value of your expected loss? A) $142,900 B) $16,670 C) $85,714 D) $30,000 E) $64,200

36) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.60

Current S&P500 Value

1,400

Anticipated S&P500 Value

1,200

million

For a 200-point drop in the S&P 500, by how much does the value of the futures position change? A) $200,000 B) $50,000 C) $250,000 D) $500,000 E) $100,000

37) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.60

Current S&P500 Value

1,400

Anticipated S&P500 Value

1,200

profit on one futures contract

million

$50,000

How many contracts should you buy or sell to hedge your position? A) sell 1.714 B) buy 1.714 C) sell 4.236 D) buy 4.236 E) sell 11.235

38) If you sold an S&P 500 Index futures contract at a price of 2,950 and closed your position

when the index futures was 2,947, you incurred: A) a loss of $1,500. B) a gain of $1,500. C) a loss of $750. D) a gain of $750. E) None of the options are correct.

39) If you took a short position in three S&P 500 futures contracts at a price of 2,900 and closed

the position when the index futures was 2,885, you incurred: A) a gain of $11,250. B) a loss of $11,250. C) a loss of $8,000. D) a gain of $8,000. E) None of the options are correct.

40) Suppose that the risk-free rates in the United States and in Canada are 3% and 5%,

respectively. The spot exchange rate between the dollar and the Canadian dollar (C$) is $0.80 per C$. What should the futures price of the C$ for a one-year contract be to prevent arbitrage opportunities, ignoring transactions costs? A) $1.00 per C$ B) $1.70 per C$ C) $0.88 per C$ D) $0.78 per C$ E) $1.22 per C$

41) Suppose that the risk-free rates in the United States and in Canada are 5% and 3%,

respectively. The spot exchange rate between the dollar and the Canadian dollar (C$) is $0.80 per C$. What should the futures price of the C$ for a one-year contract be to prevent arbitrage opportunities, ignoring transactions costs? A) $1.00 per C$ B) $0.82 per C$ C) $0.88 per C$ D) $0.78 per C$ E) $1.22 per C$

42) Suppose that the risk-free rates in the United States and in the United Kingdom are 6% and

4%, respectively. The spot exchange rate between the dollar and the pound is $1.60 per BP. What should the futures price of the pound for a one-year contract be to prevent arbitrage opportunities, ignoring transactions costs? A) $1.60 per BP B) $1.70 per BP C) $1.66 per BP D) $1.63 per BP E) $1.57 per BP

43) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.86

Current S&P500 Value

990

Anticipated S&P500 Value

915

million

If the anticipated market value materializes, what will be your expected loss on the portfolio? A) 7.58% B) 6.52% C) 15.43% D) 8.57% E) 6.42%

44) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.86

Current S&P500 Value

990

Anticipated S&P500 Value

915

million

What is the dollar value of your expected loss? A) $142,900 B) $65,152 C) $85,700 D) $30,000 E) $64,200

45) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.86

Current S&P500 Value

990

Anticipated S&P500 Value

915

million

For a 75-point drop in the S&P 500, by how much does the futures position change? A) $200,000 B) $50,000 C) $250,000 D) $500,000 E) $18,750

46) You are given the following information about a portfolio you are to manage. For the long

term, you are bullish, but you think the market may fall over the next month. Portfolio Value Portfolio's Beta

$ 1 0.86

Current S&P500 Value

990

Anticipated S&P500 Value

915

profit on one futures contract

million

$18,750

How many contracts should you buy or sell to hedge your position? A) Sell 3.475 B) Buy 3.475 C) Sell 4.236 D) Buy 4.236 E) Sell 11.235

47) Covered interest arbitrage: A) ensures that currency futures prices are set correctly, only. B) ensures that commodity futures prices are set correctly, only. C) ensures that interest rate futures prices are set correctly, only. D) ensures that currency futures prices and commodity futures prices are set correctly. E) None of the options are correct.

48) A hedge ratio can be computed as: A) profit derived from one futures position for a given change in the exchange rate

divided by the change in value of the unprotected position for the same exchange rate. B) the change in value of the unprotected position for a given change in the exchange rate divided by the profit derived from one futures position for the same exchange rate. C) profit derived from one futures position for a given change in the exchange rate plus the change in value of the unprotected position for the same exchange rate. D) the change in value of the unprotected position for a given change in the exchange rate plus by the profit derived from one futures position for the same exchange rate. E) None of the options are correct.

49) The most common short-term interest rate used in the swap market is: A) the U.S. discount rate. B) the U.S. prime rate. C) the U.S. fed funds rate. D) LIBOR (increasingly SOFR). E) None of the options are correct.

50) If interest rate parity holds, A) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will exist, only. B) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will not exist, only. C) arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits, only. D) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will exist, and arbitragers will be able to make

risk-free profits. E) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will not exist, and arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits.

51) If interest rate parity does not hold, A) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will exist, only. B) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will not exist, only. C) arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits, only. D) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will exist, and arbitragers will be able to make

risk-free profits. E) covered interest arbitrage opportunities will not exist, and arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits.

52) If covered interest arbitrage opportunities do not exist, A) interest rate parity does not hold, only. B) interest rate parity holds, only. C) arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits, only. D) interest rate parity does not hold, and arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits. E) interest rate parity holds, and arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits.

53) If covered interest arbitrage opportunities exist, A) interest rate parity does not hold. B) interest rate parity holds. C) arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits. D) interest rate parity does not hold, and arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits. E) interest rate parity holds, and arbitragers will be able to make risk-free profits.

54) What is the dollar value of a S&P E-mini futures contract with a listed price of 3,145? A) $3,145 B) $157,250 C) $1,572,500 D) $31,450 E) None of the options are correct.

55) What is the dollar value of a Mini-Dow futures contract with a listed price of 27,150? A) $54,145 B) $135,750 C) $157,500 D) $51,450 E) None of the options are correct.

56) What is the dollar value of a Mini-Dow futures contract with a listed price of 31,630? A) $64,145 B) $145,750 C) $158,150 D) $61,450 E) None of the options are correct.

57) What is the dollar value of a S&P E-mini futures contract with a listed price of 2,970? A) $32,145 B) $148,500 C) $572,500 D) $41,450 E) None of the options are correct.

58) In which currency does the FTSE 100 futures trade? A) US dollar B) Euro C) British pound D) Hong Kong dollar E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 23 1) B 2) B 3) E 4) A 5) E 6) A 7) B 8) E 9) C 10) A 11) B 12) C 13) E 14) C 15) D 16) C 17) A 18) B 19) B 20) A 21) A 22) D 23) E 24) B 25) E 26) D 27) C 28) E 29) C 30) A 31) E 32) C 33) B 34) D 35) C 36) B 37) A

38) D 39) A 40) D 41) B 42) D 43) B 44) B 45) E 46) A 47) A 48) B 49) D 50) B 51) D 52) B 53) D 54) B 55) B 56) C 57) B 58) C

Chapter 24:__________ 1) Hedge funds: 1. are appropriate as a sole investment vehicle for an investor. 2. should only be added to an already well-diversified portfolio. 3. pose performance-evaluation issues due to nonlinear factor exposures. 4. have symmetrical betas. A) 1 only B) 2 and 4 C) 1, 3, and 4 D) 2 and 3 E) 1, 2, and 3

2) Mutual funds show ____________ evidence of serial correlation, and hedge funds show

____________ evidence of serial correlation. A) almost no; almost no B) almost no; substantial C) substantial; substantial D) substantial; almost no E) modest; modest

3) The comparison universe is: A) a concept found only in astronomy. B) the set of all mutual funds in the world. C) the set of all mutual funds in the U.S. D) a set of mutual funds with similar risk characteristics to your mutual fund. E) None of the options are correct.

4) The comparison universe is not: A) a concept found only in astronomy. B) the set of all mutual funds in the world. C) the set of all mutual funds in the U.S. D) a set of mutual funds with different risk characteristics to your mutual fund. E) All of the options are correct.

5) __________ developed a popular method for risk-adjusted performance evaluation of mutual

funds. A) B) C) D) E)

Eugene Fama, only Michael Jensen, only William Sharpe, only Jack Treynor, only Michael Jensen, William Sharpe, and Jack Treynor

6) Henriksson (1981) found that, on average, betas of funds __________ during market

advances. A) increased very significantly B) increased slightly C) decreased slightly D) decreased very significantly E) did not change

7) Most professionally managed equity funds generally: A) outperform the S&P 500 Index on both raw and risk-adjusted return measures. B) underperform the S&P 500 Index on both raw and risk-adjusted return measures. C) outperform the S&P 500 Index on raw return measures and underperform the S&P

500 Index on risk-adjusted return measures. D) underperform the S&P 500 Index on raw return measures and outperform the S&P 500 Index on risk-adjusted return measures. E) match the performance of the S&P 500 Index on both raw and risk-adjusted return measures.

8) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but portfolio A has a higher beta than portfolio B. According to the Sharpe measure, the performance of portfolio A: A) is better than the performance of portfolio B. B) is the same as the performance of portfolio B. C) is poorer than the performance of portfolio B. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

9) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but portfolio A has a higher beta than portfolio B. According to the Treynor measure, the performance of portfolio A: A) is better than the performance of portfolio B. B) is the same as the performance of portfolio B. C) is poorer than the performance of portfolio B. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

10) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but portfolio A has a lower beta than portfolio B. According to the Treynor measure, the performance of portfolio A: A) is better than the performance of portfolio B. B) is the same as the performance of portfolio B. C) is poorer than the performance of portfolio B. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

11) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Roll Tide Fund has a higher beta than Arc Fund. According to the Sharpe measure, the performance of Roll Tide Fund: A) is better than the performance of Arc Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Arc Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Arc Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

12) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Roll Tide Fund has a higher beta than Arc Fund. According to the Treynor measure, the performance of Roll Tide Fund: A) is better than the performance of Arc Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Arc Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Arc Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

13) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Roll Tide Fund has a lower beta than Arc Fund. According to the Treynor measure, the performance of Roll Tide Fund: A) is better than the performance of Arc Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Arc Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Arc Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

14) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Buckeye Fund has a higher beta than Wild Cat Fund. According to the Sharpe measure, the performance of Buckeye Fund: A) is better than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Wild Cat Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

15) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Buckeye Fund has a lower beta than Wild Cat Fund. According to the Sharpe measure, the performance of Buckeye Fund: A) is better than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Wild Cat Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Buckeye Fund has a lower beta than Wild Cat Fund. According to the Treynor measure, the performance of Buckeye Fund: A) is better than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Wild Cat Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

17) Suppose two portfolios have the same average return and the same standard deviation of

returns, but Buckeye Fund has a higher beta than Wild Cat Fund. According to the Treynor measure, the performance of Buckeye Fund: A) is better than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. B) is the same as the performance of Wild Cat Fund. C) is poorer than the performance of Wild Cat Fund. D) cannot be measured as there are no data on the alpha of the portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

18) Morningstar's RAR method: 1. is one of the most widely-used performance measures. 2. indicates poor performance by placing up to 5 darts next to the fund's name. 3. computes fund returns adjusted for loads. 4. computes fund returns adjusted for risk. 5. produces ranking results that are the same as those produced with the Sharpe measure. A) 1, 2, and 4 B) 1, 3, and 4 C) 1, 4, and 5 D) 1, 2, 4, and 5 E) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

19) Suppose you purchase 100 shares of COCA COLA stock at the beginning of year 1 and

purchase another 100 shares at the end of year 1. You sell all 200 shares at the end of year 2. Assume that the price of COCA COLA stock is $50 at the beginning of year 1, $55 at the end of year 1, and $65 at the end of year 2. Assume no dividends were paid on COCA COLA stock. Your dollar-weighted return on the stock will be __________ your time-weighted return on the stock. A) higher than B) the same as C) less than D) exactly proportional to E) More information is necessary to answer this question.

20) Suppose the risk-free return is 4%. The beta of a managed portfolio is 1.2, the alpha is 1%,

and the average return is 14%. Based on Jensen's measure of portfolio performance, you would calculate the return on the market portfolio as: A) 11.5%. B) 14%. C) 15%. D) 16%. E) None of the options are correct.

21) Suppose the risk-free return is 3%. The beta of a managed portfolio is 1.75, the alpha is 0%,

and the average return is 16%. Based on Jensen's measure of portfolio performance, you would calculate the return on the market portfolio as: A) 12.3%. B) 10.4%. C) 15.1%. D) 16.7%. E) None of the options are correct.

22) Suppose the risk-free return is 6%. The beta of a managed portfolio is 1.5, the alpha is 3%,

and the average return is 18%. Based on Jensen's measure of portfolio performance, you would calculate the return on the market portfolio as: A) 12%. B) 14%. C) 15%. D) 16%. E) None of the options are correct.

23) Suppose a particular investment earns an arithmetic return of 10% in year 1, 20% in year 2,

and 30% in year 3. The geometric average return for the period will be: A) greater than the arithmetic average return. B) equal to the arithmetic average return. C) less than the arithmetic average return. D) equal to the market return. E) It cannot be determind from the information given.

24) Suppose you buy 100 shares of Abolishing Dividend Corporation at the beginning of year 1

for $80. Abolishing Dividend Corporation pays no dividends. The stock price at the end of year 1 is $100, $120 at the end of year 2, and $150 at the end of year 3. The stock price declines to $100 at the end of year 4, and you sell your 100 shares. For the four years, your geometric average return is: A) 0.0%. B) 1.0%. C) 5.7%. D) 9.2%. E) 34.5%.

25) You want to evaluate three mutual funds using the information ratio measure for

performance evaluation. The risk-free return during the sample period is 6%, and the average return on the market portfolio is 19%. The average returns, residual standard deviations, and betas for the three funds are given below: Average Return Fund A Fund B Fund C

20% 21% 23%

Residual Standard Deviation 4.00% 1.25% 1.20%

Beta

0.8 1.0 1.2

The fund with the highest information ratio measure is: A) Fund A. B) Fund B. C) Fund C. D) Funds A and B (tied for highest). E) Funds A and C (tied for highest).

26) You want to evaluate three mutual funds using the Sharpe measure for performance

evaluation. The risk-free return during the sample period is 6%. The average returns, standard deviations, and betas for the three funds are given below, as are the data for the S&P 500 Index:

Fund A Fund B Fund C S&P 500

Average Return 24% 12% 22% 18%

Standard Deviation 30% 10% 20% 16%

Beta 1.5 0.5 1.0 1.0

The fund with the highest Sharpe measure is: A) Fund A. B) Fund B. C) Fund C. D) Funds A and B (tied for highest). E) Funds A and C (tied for highest).

27) You want to evaluate three mutual funds using the Sharpe measure for performance

evaluation. The risk-free return during the sample period is 4%. The average returns, standard deviations, and betas for the three funds are given below, as are the data for the S&P 500 Index:

Fund A Fund B Fund C S&P 500

Average Return 18% 15% 11% 10%

Standard Deviation 38% 27% 24% 22%

Beta 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.0

The fund with the highest Sharpe measure is: A) Fund A. B) Fund B. C) Fund C. D) Funds A and B (tied for highest). E) Funds A and C (tied for highest).

28) You want to evaluate three mutual funds using the Sharpe measure for performance

evaluation. The risk-free return during the sample period is 5%. The average returns, standard deviations, and betas for the three funds are given below, as are the data for the S&P 500 Index: Average Return Fund A Fund B Fund C S&P 500

23% 20% 19% 18%

Residual Standard Deviation 30% 19% 17% 15%

Beta

1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0

The investment with the highest Sharpe measure is: A) Fund A. B) Fund B. C) Fund C. D) the index. E) Funds A and C (tied for highest).

29) You want to evaluate three mutual funds using the Treynor measure for performance

evaluation. The risk-free return during the sample period is 6%. The average returns, standard deviations, and betas for the three funds are given below, in addition to information regarding the S&P 500 Index:

Fund A Fund B Fund C S&P 500

Average Return 13% 19% 25% 18%

Standard Deviation 10% 20% 30% 16%

Beta 0.5 1.0 1.5 1.0

The fund with the highest Treynor measure is: A) Fund A. B) Fund B. C) Fund C. D) Funds A and B (tied for highest). E) Funds A and C (tied for highest).

30) You want to evaluate three mutual funds using the Jensen measure for performance

evaluation. The risk-free return during the sample period is 6%, and the average return on the market portfolio is 18%. The average returns, standard deviations, and betas for the three funds are given below: Average Return Fund A Fund B Fund C

17.6% 17.5% 17.4%

Residual Standard Deviation 10% 20% 30%

Beta

1.2 1.0 0.8

The fund with the highest Jensen measure is: A) Fund A. B) Fund B. C) Fund C. D) Funds A and B (tied for highest). E) Funds A and C (tied for highest).

31) Suppose you purchase one share of the stock of VM Corporation at the beginning of year 1

for $36. At the end of year 1, you receive a $2 dividend and buy one more share for $30. At the end of year 2, you receive total dividends of $4 (i.e., $2 for each share) and sell the shares for $36.45 each. The time-weighted return on your investment is: A) −1.75%. B) 4.08%. C) 6.74%. D) 11.46%. E) 12.35%.

32) Suppose you purchase one share of the stock of VM Corporation at the beginning of year 1

for $36. At the end of year 1, you receive a $2 dividend and buy one more share for $30. At the end of year 2, you receive total dividends of $4 (i.e., $2 for each share) and sell the shares for $36.45 each. The dollar-weighted return on your investment is: A) −1.75%. B) 4.08%. C) 8.53%. D) 8.00%. E) 12.35%.

33) Suppose you purchase one share of the stock of Mayfair Company at the beginning of year 1

for $50. At the end of year 1, you receive a $1 dividend and buy one more share for $72. At the end of year 2, you receive total dividends of $2 (i.e., $1 for each share) and sell the shares for $67.20 each. The time-weighted return on your investment is: A) 10.0%. B) 8.7%. C) 19.7%. D) 17.6%. E) None of the options are correct.

34) Suppose you purchase one share of the stock of Mayfair Company at the beginning of year 1

for $50. At the end of year 1, you receive a $1 dividend and buy one more share for $72. At the end of year 2, you receive total dividends of $2 (i.e., $1 for each share) and sell the shares for $67.20 each. The dollar-weighted return on your investment is: A) 10.00%. B) 8.78%. C) 19.71%. D) 20.36%. E) None of the options are correct.

35) Suppose you own two stocks, A and B. In year 1, stock A earns a 2% return and stock B

earns a 9% return. In year 2, stock A earns an 18% return and stock B earns an 11% return. __________. A) Stock A has the higher arithmetic average return. B) Stock B has the higher arithmetic average return. C) The two stocks have the same arithmetic average return. D) At least three periods are needed to calculate the arithmetic average return. E) None of the options are correct.

36) Suppose you own two stocks, A and B. In year 1, stock A earns a 2% return and stock B

earns a 9% return. In year 2, stock A earns an 18% return and stock B earns an 11% return. Which stock has the higher geometric average return? A) Stock A B) Stock B C) The two stocks have the same geometric average return. D) At least three periods are needed to calculate the geometric average return. E) None of the options are correct.

37) The following data are available relating to the performance of Sooner Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Sooner Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

20% 44% 1.8 2.0%

Market Portfolio 11% 19% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 3%. What is the Sharpe measure of performance evaluation for Sooner Stock Fund? A) 0.0400 B) 0.0133 C) 0.0867 D) 0.3864 E) 0.3714

38) The following data are available relating to the performance of Sooner Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Sooner Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

20% 44% 1.8 2.0%

Market Portfolio 11% 19% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 3%. What is the Treynor measure of performance evaluation for Sooner Stock Fund? A) 1.33% B) 4.00% C) 8.67% D) 9.44% E) 37.14%

39) The following data are available relating to the performance of Sooner Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Sooner Average return Standard reviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

20% 44% 1.8 2.0%

Market Portfolio 11% 19% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 3%. Calculate the Jensen measure of performance evaluation for Sooner Stock Fund. A) 2.6% B) 4.00% C) 8.67% D) 31.43% E) 37.14%

40) The following data are available relating to the performance of Sooner Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Sooner Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

20% 44% 1.8 2.0%

Market Portfolio 11% 19% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 3%. Calculate the information ratio for Sooner Stock Fund. A) 1.53 B) 1.30 C) 8.67 D) 31.43 E) 37.14

41) The following data are available relating to the performance of Monarch Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Monarch Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

16% 26% 1.15 1%

Market Portfolio 12% 22% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 4%. What is the information ratio measure of performance evaluation for Monarch Stock Fund? A) 1.00 B) 2.80 C) 4.40 D) 5.05 E) None of the options are correct.

42) The following data are available relating to the performance of Monarch Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Monarch Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

16% 26% 1.15 1%

Market Portfolio 12% 22% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 4%. Calculate Sharpe's measure of performance for Monarch Stock Fund. A) 1% B) 46% C) 44% D) 50% E) None of the options are correct.

43) The following data are available relating to the performance of Monarch Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Monarch Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

16% 26% 1.15 1%

Market Portfolio 12% 22% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 4%. Calculate Treynor's measure of performance for Monarch Stock Fund. A) 10.43% B) 8.80% C) 44.00% D) 50.00% E) None of the options are correct.

44) The following data are available relating to the performance of Monarch Stock Fund and the

market portfolio: Monarch Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

16% 26% 1.15 1%

Market Portfolio 12% 22% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 4%. Calculate Jensen's measure of performance for Monarch Stock Fund. A) 1.00% B) 2.80% C) 44.00% D) 50.00% E) None of the options are correct.

45) The following data are available relating to the performance of Seminole Fund and the

market portfolio: Seminole Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

18% 30% 1.4 4.0%

Market Portfolio 14% 22% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 6%. If you wanted to evaluate the Seminole Fund using the M2 measure, what percent of the adjusted portfolio would need to be invested in T-Bills? A) −36% (borrow) B) 50% C) 8% D) 36% E) 27%

46) The following data are available relating to the performance of Seminole Fund and the

market portfolio: Seminole Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

18% 30% 1.4 4.0%

Market Portfolio 14% 22% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 6%. Calculate the M2 measure for the Seminole Fund. A) 4.0% B) 20.0% C) 2.86% D) 0.8% E) 40.0%

47) If an investor has a portfolio that has constant proportions in T-bills and the market portfolio,

the portfolio's characteristic line will plot as a line with ___________. If the investor can time bull markets, the characteristic line will plot as a line with ___________. A) a positive slope; a negative slope B) a negative slope; a positive slope C) a constant slope; a negative slope D) a negative slope; a constant slope E) a constant slope; a positive slope

48) Studies of style analysis have found that ________ of fund returns can be explained by asset

allocation alone. A) between 50% and 70% B) less than 10% C) between 40 and 50% D) between 75% and 90% E) over 90%

49) The following data are available relating to the performance of Wildcat Fund and the market

portfolio: Wildcat Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

18% 25% 1.25 2%

Market Portfolio 15% 20% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 7%. What is the information ratio measure of performance evaluation for Wildcat Fund? A) 1.00% B) 8.80% C) 44.00% D) 50.00% E) None of the options are correct.

50) The following data are available relating to the performance of Wildcat Fund and the market

portfolio: Wildcat Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

18% 25% 1.25 2%

Market Portfolio 15% 20% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 7%. Calculate Sharpe's measure of performance for Wildcat Fund. A) 1.00% B) 8.80% C) 44.00% D) 50.00%

51) The following data are available relating to the performance of Wildcat Fund and the market

portfolio: Wildcat Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

18% 25% 1.25 2%

Market Portfolio 15% 20% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 7%. Calculate Treynor's measure of performance for Wildcat Fund. A) 1.00% B) 8.80% C) 44.00% D) 50.00% E) None of the options are correct.

52) The following data are available relating to the performance of Wildcat Fund and the market

portfolio: Wildcat Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

18% 25% 1.25 2%

Market Portfolio 15% 20% 1.00 0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 7%. Calculate Jensen's measure of performance for Wildcat Fund. A) 1.00% B) 8.80% C) 44.00% D) 50.00% E) None of the options are correct.

53) The following data are available relating to the performance of Long Horn Fund and the

market portfolio:

Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

Long Horn 19% 35% 1.5 3.0%

Market Portfolio 12% 15% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 6%. What is the Sharpe measure of performance evaluation for Long Horn Fund ? A) 1.33% B) 4.00% C) 8.67% D) 31.43% E) 37.14%

54) The following data are available relating to the performance of Long Horn Fund and the

market portfolio: Long Horn Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

19% 35% 1.5 3.0%

Market Portfolio 12% 15% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 6%. What is the Treynor measure of performance evaluation for Long Horn Fund ? A) 1.33% B) 4.00% C) 8.67% D) 31.43% E) 37.14%

55) The following data are available relating to the performance of Long Horn Fund and the

market portfolio: Long Horn Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

19% 35% 1.5 3.0%

Market Portfolio 12% 15% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 6%. Calculate the Jensen measure of performance evaluation for Long Horn Fund. A) 1.33% B) 4.00% C) 8.67% D) 31.43% E) 37.14%

56) The following data are available relating to the performance of Long Horn Fund and the

market portfolio: Long Horn Average return Standard deviations of returns Beta Residual standard deviation

19% 35% 1.5 3.0%

Market Portfolio 12% 15% 1.0 0.0%

The risk-free return during the sample period was 6%. Calculate the information ratio for Long Horn Fund. A) 1.33 B) 4.00 C) 8.67 D) 31.43 E) 37.14

57) In a particular year, Hoosier Mutual Fund earned a return of 1% by making the following

investments in asset classes: Bonds Stocks

Weight

Return

20% 80%

5% 0%

The return on a bogey portfolio was 2%, calculated from the following information. Weight

Return

50% 50%

5% −1%

Bonds (Lehman Brother Index) Stocks (S&P 500 Index)

The total excess return on the Hoosier Fund's managed portfolio was: A) −1.80%. B) −1.00%. C) 0.80%. D) 1.00%. E) None of the options are correct.

58) In a particular year, Hoosier Mutual Fund earned a return of 1% by making the following

investments in asset classes: Bonds Stocks

Weight

Return

20% 80%

5% 0%

The return on a bogey portfolio was 2%, calculated from the following information. Bonds (Lehman Brothers Index) Stocks (S&P 500 Index)

Weight

Return

50% 50%

5% -1%

The contribution of asset allocation across markets to the Hoosier Fund's total excess return was: A) −1.80%. B) −1.00%. C) 0.80%. D) 1.00%. E) None of the options are correct.

59) In a particular year, Hoosier Mutual Fund earned a return of 1% by making the following

investments in asset classes: Bonds Stocks

Weight

Return

20% 80%

5% 0%

The return on a bogey portfolio was 2%, calculated from the following information. Bonds (Lehman Brothers Index) Stocks (S&P 500 Index)

Weight

Return

50% 50%

5% −1%

The contribution of selection within markets to the Hoosier Fund's total excess return was: A) −1.80%. B) −1.00%. C) 0.80%. D) 1.00%. E) None of the options are correct.

60) In a particular year, Roll Tide Mutual Fund earned a return of 15% by making the following

investments in the following asset classes: Bonds Stocks

Weight

Return

10% 90%

6% 16%

The return on a bogey portfolio was 10%, calculated as follows: Bonds (Lehman Brothers Index) Stocks (S&P 500 Index)

Weight

Return

50% 50%

5% 15%

The total excess return on the Roll Tide managed portfolio was: A) 1%. B) 3%. C) 4%. D) 5%. E) None of the options are correct.

61) In a particular year, Roll Tide Mutual Fund earned a return of 15% by making the following

investments in the following asset classes: Bonds Stocks

Weight

Return

10% 90%

6% 16%

The return on a bogey portfolio was 10%, calculated as follows: Weight

Return

50% 50%

5% 15%

Bonds (Lehman Brothers Index) Stocks (S&P 500 Index)

The contribution of asset allocation across markets to the total excess return was: A) 1%. B) 3% C) 4%. D) 5%. E) None of the options are correct.

62) In a particular year, Roll Tide Mutual Fund earned a return of 15% by making the following

investments in the following asset classes: Bonds Stocks

Weight

Return

10% 90%

6% 16%

The return on a bogey portfolio was 10%, calculated as follows: Weight

Return

50% 50%

5% 15%

Bonds (Lehman Brothers Index) Stocks (S&P 500 Index)

The contribution of selection within markets to total excess return was: A) 1%. B) 3%. C) 4%. D) 5%. E) None of the options are correct.

63) In measuring the comparative performance of different fund managers, the preferred method

of calculating rate of return is: A) internal rate of return. B) arithmetic average. C) dollar weighted. D) time weighted. E) None of the options are correct.

64) The __________ measures the reward to volatility trade-off by dividing the average portfolio

excess return by the standard deviation of returns. A) Sharpe measure B) Treynor measure C) Jensen measure D) information ratio E) None of the options are correct.

65) A pension fund that begins with $500,000 earns 15% the first year and 10% the second year.

At the beginning of the second year, the sponsor contributes another $300,000. The dollarweighted and time-weighted rates of return, respectively, were: A) 11.70% and 12.75%. B) 11.95% and 12.47%. C) 12.50% and 11.75%. D) 12.47% and 12.15%. E) None of the options are correct.

66) The Value Line Index is an equally-weighted geometric average of the returns of about 1,700

firms. The value of an index based on the geometric average returns of three stocks where the returns on the three stocks during a given period were 32%, 5%, and −10%, respectively, is: A) 4.3%. B) 7.6%. C) 9.0%. D) 13.4%. E) 5.0%.

67) Risk-adjusted mutual fund performance measures have decreased in popularity because: A) in nearly efficient markets, it is extremely difficult for portfolio managers to

outperform the market. B) the measures usually result in negative performance results for the portfolio managers. C) the high rates of return earned by the mutual funds have made the measures useless. D) in nearly efficient markets, it is extremely difficult for portfolio managers to outperform the market, and the measures usually result in negative performance results for the portfolio managers. E) None of the options are correct.

68) The Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen portfolio performance measures are derived from the

CAPM,: A) therefore, it does not matter which measure is used to evaluate a portfolio manager, only. B) however, the Sharpe and Treynor measures use different risk measures. Therefore, the measures vary as to . whether or not they are appropriate, depending on the investment scenario, only. C) therefore, all measure the same attributes, only. D) therefore, it does not matter which measure is used to evaluate a portfolio manager. However, the Sharpe and Treynor measures use different risk measures, so therefore, the measures vary as to whether or not they are appropriate, depending on the investment scenario. E) None of the options are correct.

69) The Jensen portfolio evaluation measure: A) is a measure of return per unit of risk, as measured by standard deviation, only. B) is an absolute measure of return over and above that predicted by the CAPM, only. C) is a measure of return per unit of risk, as measured by beta, only. D) is a measure of return per unit of risk, as measured by standard deviation, and is an

absolute measure of return over and above that predicted by the CAPM. E) is an absolute measure of return over and above that predicted by the CAPM, and is a measure of return per unit of risk, as measured by beta.

70) The M-squared measure considers: A) only the return when evaluating mutual funds. B) the risk-adjusted return when evaluating mutual funds. C) only the total risk when evaluating mutual funds. D) only the market risk when evaluating mutual funds. E) None of the options are correct.

71) The dollar-weighted return on a portfolio is equivalent to: A) the time-weighted return. B) the geometric average return. C) the arithmetic average return. D) the portfolio's internal rate of return. E) None of the options are correct.

72) A portfolio manager's ranking within a comparison universe may not provide a good measure

of performance because: A) portfolio returns may not be calculated in the same way, only. B) portfolio durations can vary across managers, only. C) if managers follow a particular style or subgroup, portfolios may not be comparable, only. D) portfolio durations can vary across managers and if managers follow a particular style or subgroup, portfolios may not be comparable. E) All of the options are correct.

73) The geometric average rate of return is based on: A) the market's volatility. B) the concept of expected return. C) the standard deviation of returns. D) the CAPM. E) the principle of compounding.

74) The M2 measure was developed by: A) Merton and Miller. B) Miller and Miller. C) Modigliani and Miller. D) Modigliani and Modigliani. E) the M&M Mars Company.

75) Rodney holds a portfolio of risky assets that represents his entire risky investment. To

evaluate the performance of Rodney's portfolio, in which order would you complete the steps listed? 1. Compare the Sharpe measure of Rodney's portfolio to the Sharpe measure of the best portfolio. 2. State your conclusions. 3. Assume that past security performance is representative of expected performance. 4. Determine the benchmark portfolio that Rodney would have held if he had chosen a passive strategy. A) 1, 3, 4, 2 B) 3, 4, 1, 2 C) 4, 3, 1, 2 D) 3, 2, 1,4 E) 3, 1, 4, 2

76) The Modigliani M2 measure and the Treynor T2 measure: A) are identical. B) are nearly identical and will rank portfolios the same way. C) are nearly identical but might rank portfolios differently. D) are somewhat different; M2square can be used to rank portfolios, but T2square cannot. E) are somewhat different; T2square can be used to rank portfolios, but M2square cannot.

77) To determine whether portfolio performance is statistically significant requires: A) a very long observation period due to the high variance of stock returns. B) a short observation period due to the high variance of stock returns. C) a very long observation period due to the low variance of stock returns. D) a short observation period due to the low variance of stock returns. E) a low variance of returns over any observation period.

78) Investing in a mutual fund because of positive historical performance is a form of

___________ , A) trend analysis. B) fundamental analysis. C) portfolio bias. D) selection bias. E) None of the options are correct.

79) Bad investment decisions can be made in a category of funds due to poor performing funds

not being considered. This is called ___________, A) trend analysis. B) fundamental analysis. C) portfolio bias. D) survivorship bias. E) None of the options are correct.

80) What method of measuring performance is similar to the mean/variance-based Sharpe ratio? A) Morningstar RAR B) Treynor measure C) Jensen alpha D) Polos razor E) None of the options are correct.

81) What assumption about risk-adjusted techniques for measuring performance poses a potential

problem? A) Mean reversion B) Portfolio risk is constant over time C) Returns are normally distributed D) Lognormal outcome of prices E) None of the options are correct.

82) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used by Morningstar to measure performance

and assign a star rating? A) average price-to-book value B) price–earnings ratio C) market capitalization D) distribution of returns E) All of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 24 1) D 2) B 3) D 4) E 5) E 6) C 7) B 8) B 9) C 10) A 11) B 12) C 13) A 14) B 15) B 16) A 17) C 18) B 19) A 20) A 21) B 22) A 23) C 24) C 25) B 26) C 27) B 28) D 29) A 30) C 31) C 32) E 33) D 34) B 35) C 36) B 37) D

38) D 39) A 40) B 41) B 42) B 43) A 44) B 45) E 46) D 47) E 48) E 49) D 50) C 51) B 52) A 53) E 54) C 55) B 56) A 57) B 58) A 59) C 60) D 61) C 62) A 63) D 64) A 65) B 66) B 67) D 68) B 69) B 70) B 71) D 72) D 73) E 74) D 75) B 76) C 77) A

78) D 79) D 80) A 81) B 82) D

Chapter 25:__________ 1) Shares of several foreign firms are traded in the U.S. markets in the form of: A) ADRs. B) ECUs. C) single-country funds. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

2) __________ refers to the possibility of expropriation of assets, changes in tax policy, and the

possibility of restrictions on foreign exchange transactions. A) Default risk B) Foreign exchange risk C) Market risk D) Political risk E) None of the options are correct.

3) __________ are mutual funds that invest in one country only. A) ADRs B) ECUs C) Single-country funds D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

4) The performance of an internationally diversified portfolio may be affected by: A) country selection. B) currency selection. C) stock selection. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

5) Over the period 2017-2021, most correlations between the U.S. stock index and stock-index

portfolios of other countries were: A) negative. B) positive but less than 0.9. C) approximately zero. D) 0.9 or above. E) None of the options are correct.

6) The __________ index is a widely used index of non-U.S. stocks. A) CBOE B) Dow Jones C) EAFE D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

7) According to PRS, in 2021, which country had the highest composite risk rating on a scale of

0 (most risky) to 100 (least risky)? A) Singapore B) Canada C) Germany D) U.S. E) None of the options are correct.

8) Which country has the highest in GDP per capita? A) Luxembourg B) Canada C) Germany D) U.S. E) None of the options are correct.

9) Which country has the largest stock market compared to GDP? A) Japan B) Germany C) Saudi Arabia D) U.S. E) South Africa

10) Using local currency returns, the MSCI World Index has the highest correlation with: A) Euronext. B) FTSE. C) Nikkei. D) S&P 500. E) None of the options are correct.

11) In 2020, the U.S. equity market represented __________ of the world equity market. A) 19% B) 60% C) 43% D) 41% E) None of the options are correct.

12) The straightforward generalization of the simple CAPM to international stocks is problematic

because: A) inflation-risk perceptions by different investors in different countries will differ as consumption baskets differ. B) investors in different countries view exchange-rate risk from the perspective of different domestic currencies. C) taxes, transaction costs, and capital barriers across countries make it difficult for investors to hold a world-index portfolio. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

13) The yield on a 1-year bill in the U.K. is 8%, and the present exchange rate is 1 pound = U.S.

$1.60. If you expect the exchange rate to be 1 pound = U.S. $1.50 a year from now, the return a U.S. investor can expect to earn by investing in U.K. bills is: A) 6.7%. B) 0%. C) 8%. D) 1.25%. E) None of the options are correct.

14) Suppose the 1-year risk-free rate of return in the U.S. is 5%. The current exchange rate is 1

pound = U.S. $1.60. The 1-year forward rate is 1 pound = $1.57. What is the minimum yield on a 1-year risk-free security in Britain that would induce a U.S. investor to invest in the British security? A) 2.44% B) 2.50% C) 3.03% D) 7.62% E) None of the options are correct.

15) The interest rate on a 1-year Canadian security is 8%. The current exchange rate is C$ = US

$0.78. The 1-year forward rate is C$ = US $0.76. The return (denominated in U.S. $) that a U.S. investor can earn by investing in the Canadian security is: A) 3.59%. B) 4.00%. C) 5.23%. D) 8.46%. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Suppose the 1-year risk-free rate of return in the U.S. is 4%, and the 1-year risk-free rate of

return in Britain is 7%. The current exchange rate is 1 pound = U.S. $1.65. A 1-year future exchange rate of __________ for the pound would make a U.S. investor indifferent between investing in the U.S. security and investing in the British security. A) $1.6037 B) $2.0411 C) $1.7500 D) $2.3369 E) None of the options are correct.

17) The present exchange rate is C$ = U.S. $0.78. The 1-year future rate is C$ = U.S. $0.76. The

yield on a 1-year U.S. bill is 4%. A yield of __________ on a 1-year Canadian bill will make an investor indifferent between investing in the U.S. bill and the Canadian bill. A) 2.4% B) 1.3% C) 6.4% D) 6.7% E) None of the options are correct.

18) Assume there is a fixed exchange rate between the Canadian and U.S. dollar. The expected

return and standard deviation of return on the U.S. stock market are 18% and 15%, respectively. The expected return and standard deviation on the Canadian stock market are 13% and 20%, respectively. The covariance of returns between the U.S. and Canadian stock markets is 1.5%. If you invested 50% of your money in the Canadian stock market and 50% in the U.S. stock market, the expected return on your portfolio would be: A) 12.0%. B) 12.5%. C) 13.0%. D) 15.5%. E) None of the options are correct.

19) Assume there is a fixed exchange rate between the Canadian and U.S. dollar. The expected

return and standard deviation of return on the U.S. stock market are 18% and 15%, respectively. The expected return and standard deviation on the Canadian stock market are 13% and 20%, respectively. The covariance of returns between the U.S. and Canadian stock markets is 1.5%. If you invested 50% of your money in the Canadian stock market and 50% in the U.S. stock market, the standard deviation of return of your portfolio would be: A) 12.53%. B) 15.21%. C) 17.50%. D) 18.75%. E) None of the options are correct.

20) The major concern that has been raised with respect to the weighting of countries within the

EAFE index is: A) currency volatilities are not considered in the weighting. B) cross-correlations are not considered in the weighting. C) inflation is not represented in the weighting. D) the weights are not proportional to the asset bases of the respective countries. E) None of the options are correct.

21) You are a U.S. investor who purchased British securities for 2,000 pounds, one year ago

when the British pound cost $1.50. No dividends were paid on the British securities in the past year. Your total return based on U.S. dollars was __________ if the value of the securities is now 2,400 pounds and the pound is worth $1.60. A) 16.7% B) 20.0% C) 28.0% D) 40.0% E) None of the options are correct.

22) U.S. investors: A) can trade derivative securities based on prices in foreign security markets, only. B) cannot trade foreign derivative securities, only. C) can trade options and futures on the Nikkei stock index of 225 stocks traded on the

Tokyo stock exchange and on FTSE indexes of U.K. and European stocks, only. D) can trade derivative securities based on prices in foreign security markets and can trade options and futures on the Nikkei stock index of 225 stocks traded on the Tokyo stock exchange and on FTSE indexes of U.K. and European stocks. E) None of the options are correct.

23) Exchange-rate risk: A) results from changes in the exchange rates between the currency of the investor and

the country in which the investment is made, only. B) can be hedged by using a forward or futures contract in foreign exchange, only. C) cannot be eliminated, only. D) results from changes in the exchange rates between the currency of the investor and the country in which the investment is made and cannot be eliminated. E) results from changes in the exchange rates between the currency of the investor and the country in which the investment is made and can be hedged by using a forward or futures contract in foreign exchange.

24) International investing: A) cannot be measured against a passive benchmark, such as the S&P 500, only. B) can be measured against a widely-used index of non-U.S. stocks, the EAFE Index

(Europe, Australia, Far East), only. C) can be measured against international indexes, only. D) can be measured against a widely-used index of non-U.S. stocks, the EAFE Index (Europe, Australia, Far East), and against international indexes. E) None of the options are correct.

25) The manager of Quantitative Fund uses EAFE as a benchmark. Last year's performance for

the fund and the benchmark were as follows: EAFE Weight Eur Aus FE

0.30 0.10 0.60

Return on Equity Index 10% 5% 15%

Currency Application E1/E0–1 10% −10% 30%

Quantitative's Weight

Manager's Return

0.25 0.25 0.50

9% 8% 16%

Calculate Quantitative’s currency selection return contribution. A) +20% B) −5% C) +15% D) +5% E) 10%

26) The manager of Quantitative Fund uses EAFE as a benchmark. Last year's performance for

the fund and the benchmark were as follows: EAFE Weight Eur Aus FE

0.30 0.10 0.60

Return on Equity Index 10% 5% 15%

Currency Aplication E1|E0–1 10% −10% 30%

Quantitative's Weight

Manager's Return

0.25 0.25 0.50

9% 8% 16%

Calculate Quantitative’s country selection return contribution. A) 12.5% B) −12.5% C) 11.25% D) −1.25% E) 1.25%

27) The manager of Quantitative Fund uses EAFE as a benchmark. Last year's performance for

the fund and the benchmark were as follows: EAFE Weight Eur Aus FE

0.30 0.10 0.60

Return on Equity Index 10% 5% 15%

Currency Aplication E1/E0–1 10% −10% 30%

Quantitative's Weight

Manager's Return

0.25 0.25 0.50

9% 8% 16%

Calculate Quantitative’s stock selection return contribution. A) 1.0% B) −1.0% C) 3.0% D) 0.25% E) None of the options are correct.

28) Using the S&P 500 portfolio as a proxy of the market portfolio: A) is appropriate because U.S. securities represent more than 60% of world equities. B) is appropriate because most U.S. investors are primarily interested in U.S. securities. C) is appropriate because most U.S. and non-U.S. investors are primarily interested in

U.S. securities. D) is inappropriate because U.S. securities make up less than 41% of world equities. E) is inappropriate because the average U.S. investor has less than 20% of his or her portfolio in non-U.S. equities.

29) When an investor adds international stocks to his or her U.S. stock portfolio, A) it will raise his or her risk relative to the risk he or she would face just holding U.S.

stocks, only. B) he or she can reduce the risk of his or her portfolio, only. C) he or she will increase his or her expected return but must also take on more risk, only. D) it will have no impact on either the risk or the return of his or her portfolio, only. E) he or she needs to seek professional management because he or she doesn't have access to international investments on his or her own.

30) "ADRs" stands for ___________, and "WEBS" stands for ____________. A) additional dollar returns; weekly equity and bond survey B) additional daily returns; world equity and bond survey C) American dollar returns; world equity and bond statistics D) American depository receipts; world equity benchmark shares E) adjusted dollar returns; weighted equity benchmark shares

31) WEBS portfolios: A) are passively managed, only. B) are shares that can be sold by investors, only. C) are free from brokerage commissions, only. D) are passively managed and are shares that can be sold by investors. E) All of the options are correct.

32) The EAFE is: A) the East Asia Foreign Equity index. B) the Economic Advisor's Foreign Estimator index. C) the European and Asian Foreign Equity index. D) the European, Asian, French Equity index. E) the European, Australian, Far East index.

33) Home bias refers to: A) the tendency to vacation in your home country instead of traveling abroad. B) the tendency to believe that your home country is better than other countries. C) the tendency to give preferential treatment to people from your home country. D) the tendency to overweight investments in your home country. E) None of the options are correct.

34) The possibility of experiencing a drop in revenue or an increase in cost in an international

transaction due to a change in foreign exchange rates is called: A) foreign exchange risk. B) political risk. C) translation exposure. D) hedging risk. E) None of the options are correct.

35) As exchange rates change, they: A) change the relative purchasing power between countries. B) can affect imports and exports between countries. C) will affect the flow of funds between countries. D) All of the options are true. E) None of the options are correct.

36) When Country A's currency strengthens against Country B's, citizens of Country A will: A) pay less to buy Country B's products. B) pay more to buy Country B's products. C) pay more to buy domestically-produced products. D) not be affected by the change in their currency's value. E) None of the options are correct.

37) The interplay between interest rate differentials and exchange rates, such that each adjusts

until the foreign exchange market and the money market reach equilibrium, is called the: A) Purchasing Power Parity Theory. B) Balance of Payments. C) Interest Rate Parity Theory. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

38) Which equity index had the highest volatility in terms of U.S. dollar-denominated returns for

the period of five years ending in 2021? A) Shanghai (China) B) BSE (India) C) Nikkei (Japan) D) S&P 500 (U.S.) E) FTSE (U.K.)

39) Which equity index had the lowest volatility in terms of U.S. dollar-denominated returns for

the period of five years ending in 2021? A) Korea B) Swiss C) Toronto D) Nikkei E) None of the options are correct.

40) The possibility of experiencing a drop in revenue or an increase in cost in an international

transaction due to a change in foreign exchange rates is called: A) foreign exchange risk. B) political risk. C) translation exposure. D) hedging risk. E) None of the options are correct.

41) The yield on a 1-year bill in the U.K. is 7%, and the present exchange rate is 1 pound = U.S.

$1.65. If you expect the exchange rate to be 1 pound = U.S. $1.45 a year from now, the return a U.S. investor can expect to earn by investing in U.K. bills is: A) 6.75%. B) 3.22%. C) 8.00%. D) −5.97%. E) None of the options are correct.

42) Suppose the 1-year risk-free rate of return in the U.S. is 6%. The current exchange rate is 1

pound = U.S. $1.62. The 1-year forward rate is 1 pound = $1.53. What is the minimum yield on a 1-year risk-free security in Britain that would induce a U.S. investor to invest in the British security? A) 15.44% B) 13.50% C) 12.24% D) 7.62% E) None of the options are correct.

43) The interest rate on a 1-year Canadian security is 7.8%. The current exchange rate is C$ =

US $0.79. The 1-year forward rate is C$ = US $0.77. The return (denominated in U.S. $) that a U.S. investor can earn by investing in the Canadian security is: A) 3.59%. B) 4.00%. C) 5.07%. D) 8.46%. E) None of the options are correct.

44) Suppose the 1-year risk-free rate of return in the U.S. is 4.5% and the 1-year risk-free rate of

return in Britain is 7.7%. The current exchange rate is 1 pound = U.S. $1.60. A 1-year future exchange rate of __________ for the pound would make a U.S. investor indifferent between investing in the U.S. security and investing in the British security. A) 1.5525 B) 2.0411 C) 1.7500 D) 2.3369 E) None of the options are correct.

45) You are a U.S. investor who purchased British securities for 2,200 pounds one year ago when

the British pound cost $1.50. No dividends were paid on the British securities in the past year. Your total return based on U.S. dollars was __________ if the value of the securities is now 2,560 pounds and the pound is worth $1.60. A) 16.7% B) 20.3% C) 24.1% D) 41.4% E) None of the options are correct.

46) The present exchange rate is C$ = U.S. $0.78. The 1-year future rate is C$ = U.S. $0.75. The

yield on a 1-year U.S. bill is 5%. A yield of __________ on a 1-year Canadian bill will make investor indifferent between investing in the U.S. bill and the Canadian bill. A) 9.2% B) 8.3% C) 6.4% D) 11.3% E) None of the options are correct.

47) You are a U.S. investor who purchased British securities for 4,000 pounds one year ago when

the British pound cost $1.50. No dividends were paid on the British securities in the past year. Your total return based on U.S. dollars was __________ if the value of the securities is now 4,400 pounds and the pound is worth $1.62. A) 16.7% B) 18.8% C) 28.0% D) 40.0% E) None of the options are correct.

48) Suppose the 1-year risk-free rate of return in the U.S. is 4% and the 1-year risk-free rate of

return in Britain is 6%. The current exchange rate is 1 pound = U.S. $1.67. A 1-year future exchange rate of __________ for the pound would make a U.S. investor indifferent between investing in the U.S. security and investing in the British security. A) 1.6385 B) 2.0411 C) 1.7500 D) 2.3369 E) None of the options are correct.

49) An investor invests in a Mexican treasury at 9% for one year. The equivalent USA

investment yields 5%. If the spot exchange rate is 13.000 pesos per USD, what is the expected forward exchange rate in pesos per USD? A) 13.691 B) 13.495 C) 13.150 D) 13.000 E) None of the options are correct.

50) An investor invests in a Japanese bond at 6% for one year. The equivalent USA investment

yields 7%. If the spot exchange rate is 104.00 yen per USD, what is the expected forward exchange rate in yen per USD? A) 103.61 B) 103.49 C) 103.03 D) 102.31 E) None of the options are correct.

51) An investor invests in a Japanese bond at 5.5% for one year. The equivalent USA investment

yields 3.8%. If the spot exchange rate is 110.00 yen per USD, what is the expected forward exchange rate in yen per USD? A) 111.80 B) 111.49 C) 111.03 D) 110.91 E) None of the options are correct.

52) An investor invests in a Japanese bond at 6.5% for one year. If the spot exchange rate is

110.00 yen per USD and the one year forward exchange rate is 112, what return should the investor expect on an equivalent USD investment? A) 4.60% B) 5.20% C) 5.92% D) 6.50% E) None of the options are correct.

53) An investor invests in a Japanese bond at 7.0% for one year. If the spot exchange rate is

104.00 yen per USD and the one year forward exchange rate is 99, what return should the investor expect on an equivalent USD investment? A) 9.60% B) 10.20% C) 11.92% D) 12.40% E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 25 1) A 2) D 3) C 4) D 5) B 6) C 7) A 8) A 9) C 10) D 11) D 12) D 13) D 14) C 15) C 16) A 17) D 18) D 19) B 20) D 21) C 22) D 23) E 24) D 25) B 26) D 27) A 28) D 29) B 30) D 31) D 32) E 33) D 34) A 35) D 36) A 37) C

38) B 39) B 40) A 41) D 42) C 43) C 44) A 45) C 46) A 47) B 48) A 49) B 50) C 51) A 52) A 53) D

Chapter 26:__________ 1) _________ are the dominant form of investing in securities markets for most individuals, but

_________ have enjoyed a far greater growth rate in the last decade. A) Hedge Funds; hedge funds B) Mutual funds; hedge funds C) Hedge Funds; mutual funds D) Mutual funds; mutual funds E) None of the options are correct.

2) Like mutual funds, hedge funds and private equity: A) allow private investors to pool assets to be managed by a fund manager. B) are commonly organized as private partnerships. C) are subject to extensive SEC regulations. D) are typically only open to wealthy or institutional investors. E) are commonly organized as private partnerships and are typically only open to

wealthy or institutional investors.

3) Unlike mutual funds, hedge funds and private equity: A) allow private investors to pool assets to be managed by a fund manager. B) are commonly organized as private partnerships. C) are subject to extensive SEC regulations. D) are typically only open to wealthy or institutional investors. E) are commonly organized as private partnerships and are typically only open to

wealthy or institutional investors.

4) Alpha-seeking hedge funds typically _________ relative mispricing of specific securities and

_________ broad market exposure. A) bet on; bet on B) hedge; hedge C) hedge; bet on D) bet on; hedge E) None of the options are correct.

5) Hedge funds _________ engage in market timing _________ take extensive derivative

positions. A) cannot; and cannot B) cannot; but can C) can; and can D) can; but cannot E) None of the options are correct.

6) The risk profile of hedge funds _________, making performance evaluation _________. A) can shift rapidly and substantially; challenging B) can shift rapidly and substantially; straightforward C) is stable; challenging D) is stable; straightforward E) None of the options are correct.

7) Shares in hedge funds are priced: A) at NAV. B) a significant premium to NAV. C) a significant discount from NAV. D) a significant premium to NAV or a significant discount from NAV. E) None of the options are correct.

8) Hedge funds and private equity are typically set up as _________ and provide _________

information about portfolio composition and strategy to their investors. A) limited liability partnerships; minimal B) limited liability partnerships; extensive C) investment trusts; minimal D) investment trusts; extensive E) None of the options are correct.

9) Hedge funds and private equity are _________ transparent than mutual funds because of

_________ strict SEC regulation on hedge funds. A) more; more B) more; less C) less; less D) less; more E) None of the options are correct.

10) _________ must periodically provide the public with information on portfolio composition. A) Hedge funds B) Mutual funds C) ADRs D) Hedge funds and ADRs E) Hedge funds and mutual funds

11) _________ are subject to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of

1940 to protect unsophisticated investors. A) Hedge funds B) Mutual funds C) ADRs D) Hedge funds and ADRs E) Mutual funds and ADRs

12) Hedge funds and private equity traditionally have _________ than 100 investors and

_________ to the general public. A) more; advertise B) more; do not advertise C) less; advertise D) less; do not advertise E) None of the options are correct.

13) Alternative assets differ from traditional assets in terms of: A) transparency. B) investors. C) investment strategy. D) liquidity. E) All of the options are correct.

14) Hedge funds may invest or engage in: A) distressed firms. B) convertible bonds. C) currency speculation. D) merger arbitrage. E) All of the options are correct.

15) Hedge funds are prohibited from investing or engaging in: A) distressed firms. B) convertible bonds. C) currency speculation. D) merger arbitrage. E) None of the options are correct.

16) Hedge funds and private equity often have _________ provisions as long as _________,

which preclude redemption. A) crackdown; 2 months B) lock-up; 2 months C) crackdown; several years D) lock-up; several years E) None of the options are correct.

17) Hedge fund strategies can be classified as: A) directional or nondirectional. B) stock or bond. C) arbitrage or speculation. D) stock or bond and arbitrage or speculation. E) directional or nondirectional and stock or bond.

18) A hedge fund pursuing a _________ strategy is betting one sector of the economy will

outperform other sectors. A) directional B) nondirectional C) stock or bond D) arbitrage or speculation E) None of the options are correct.

19) A hedge fund pursuing a _________ strategy is attempting to exploit temporary

misalignments in relative pricing. A) directional B) nondirectional C) stock or bond D) arbitrage or speculation E) None of the options are correct.

20) A hedge fund pursuing a _________ strategy is trying to exploit relative mispricing within a

market but is hedged to avoid taking a stance on the direction of the broad market. A) directional, only B) nondirectional, only C) market neutral, only D) arbitrage or speculation E) nondirectional and market neutral

21) An example of a _________ strategy is the mispricing of a futures contract that must be

corrected by contract expiration. A) market neutral B) directional C) relative value D) divergence E) convergence

22) A hedge fund attempting to profit from a change in the spread between mortgages and

Treasuries is using a _________ strategy. A) market neutral B) directional C) relative value D) divergence E) convergence

23) If the yield on mortgage-backed securities was abnormally high compared to Treasury bonds,

a hedge fund pursuing a relative value strategy would: A) short sell the Treasury bonds and short sell the mortgage-backed securities. B) short sell the Treasury bonds and buy the mortgage-backed securities. C) buy the Treasury bonds and buy the mortgage-backed securities. D) buy the Treasury bonds and short sell the mortgage-backed securities. E) None of the options are correct.

24) Assume newly-issued 30-year on-the-run bonds sell at higher yields (lower prices) than 29½-

year bonds with a nearly identical duration. A hedge fund that sells 29½-year bonds and buys 30-year bonds is taking a: A) market neutral position. B) conservative position. C) bullish position. D) bearish position. E) None of the options are correct.

25) A bet on particular mispricing across two or more securities with extraneous sources of risk,

such as general market exposure hedged away, is a: A) pure play, only. B) relative play, only. C) long shot, only. D) sure thing, only. E) relative play and sure thing.

26) Assume newly-issued 30-year on-the-run bonds sell at higher yields (lower prices) than 29½-

27) If the yield on mortgage-backed securities was abnormally low compared to Treasury bonds,

28) Statistical arbitrage is a version of a _________ strategy. A) market neutral B) directional C) relative value D) divergence E) convergence

29) _________ uses quantitative techniques, and often automated trading systems, to seek out

many temporary misalignments among securities. A) Covered interest arbitrage B) Locational arbitrage C) Triangular arbitrage D) Statistical arbitrage E) All arbitrage

30) Assume that you manage a $3 million portfolio that pays no dividends and has a beta of 1.45

and an alpha of 1.5% per month. Also, assume that the risk-free rate is 0.025% (per month) and the S&P 500 is at 1,220. If you expect the market to fall within the next 30 days, you can hedge your portfolio by _________ S&P 500 futures contracts (the futures contract has a multiplier of $250). A) selling 1 B) selling 14 C) buying 1 D) buying 14 E) selling 6

31) Assume that you manage a $1.3 million portfolio that pays no dividends and has a beta of

1.45 and an alpha of 1.5% per month. Also, assume that the risk-free rate is 0.025% (per month) and the S&P 500 is at 1,220. If you expect the market to fall within the next 30 days, you can hedge your portfolio by _________ S&P 500 futures contracts (the futures contract has a multiplier of $250). A) selling 1 B) selling 6 C) buying 1 D) buying 6 E) selling 4

32) Assume that you manage a $2 million portfolio that pays no dividends and has a beta of 1.25

and an alpha of 2% per month. Also, assume that the risk-free rate is 0.05% (per month) and the S&P 500 is at 1,300. If you expect the market to fall within the next 30 days, you can hedge your portfolio by _________ S&P 500 futures contracts (the futures contract has a multiplier of $250). A) selling 1 B) selling 8 C) buying 1 D) buying 8 E) selling 6

33) Assume that you manage a $2 million portfolio that pays no dividends and has a beta of 1.3

and an alpha of 2% per month. Also, assume that the risk-free rate is 0.05% (per month) and the S&P 500 is at 1,500. If you expect the market to fall within the next 30 days, you can hedge your portfolio by _________ S&P 500 futures contracts (the futures contract has a multiplier of $250). A) selling 1 B) selling 7 C) buying 1 D) buying 7 E) selling 11

34) Market neutral bets can result in _________ volatility because hedge funds use _________. A) very low; hedging techniques to eliminate risk B) low; risk management techniques to reduce risk C) considerable; risk management techniques to reduce risk D) considerable; considerable leverage E) None of the options are correct.

35) _________ bias arises because hedge funds only report returns to database publishers if they

want to. A) Survivorship B) Backfill C) Omission D) Incubation E) None of the options are correct.

36) _________ bias arises when the returns of unsuccessful funds are left out of the sample. A) Survivorship B) Backfill C) Omission D) Incubation E) None of the options are correct.

37) Performance evaluation of hedge funds is complicated by: A) liquidity premiums, only. B) survivorship bias, only. C) unreliable market valuations of infrequently-traded assets, only. D) merger arbitrage, only. E) All of the options are correct.

38) The previous value of a portfolio that must be reattained before a hedge fund can charge

incentive fees is known as a: A) benchmark. B) water stain. C) water mark. D) high water mark. E) low water mark.

39) The typical hedge fund fee structure is: A) an annual management fee of 1% to 3%. B) an annual incentive fee equal to 20% of investment profits beyond a stipulated

benchmark performance. C) a 12-b1 fee of 1%. D) an annual management fee of 1% to 3% plus an incentive fee equal to 20% of investment profits beyond a stipulated benchmark performance. E) an annual management fee of 1% to 3% and a 12-b1 fee of 1%.

40) Hedge fund incentive fees are essentially: A) put options on the portfolio with a strike price equal to the current portfolio value. B) put options on the portfolio with a strike price equal to the expected future portfolio

value. C) call options on the portfolio with a strike price equal to the expected future portfolio value. D) call options on the portfolio with a strike price equal to the current portfolio value times one plus the benchmark return. E) straddles.

41) Regarding hedge fund incentive fees, hedge fund managers _________ if the portfolio return

is very large and _________ if the portfolio return is negative. A) get nothing; get nothing B) refund the fee; get the fee C) get the fee; lose nothing except the incentive fee D) get the fee; lose the management fee E) None of the options are correct.

42) Hedge funds often employ _________ that require investors to provide _________ notice of

their desire to redeem funds. A) redemption notices; several weeks to several months B) redemption notices; several hours to several days C) redemption notices; several days to several weeks D) lock-up; several years E) lock-up; several hours

43) Pairs trading is associated with: A) triangular arbitrage, only. B) statistical arbitrage, only. C) data mining, only. D) triangular arbitrage and data mining. E) statistical arbitrage and data mining.

44) _________ refers to sorting through huge amounts of historical data to uncover systematic

patterns in returns that can be exploited by traders. A) Data mining B) Pairs trading C) Alpha transfer D) Beta shifting E) None of the options are correct.

45) Hedge fund performance may reflect significant compensation for _________ risk. A) liquidity B) systematic C) unsystematic D) default E) unsystematic and default

46) A _________ is an investment fraud in which a manager collects funds from clients, claims

to invest those funds on their behalf, and reports extremely favorable investment returns, but in fact uses the funds for his or her own use. A) Ponzi scheme B) bonsai scheme C) statistical arbitrage scheme D) pairs trading scheme E) None of the options are correct.

47) Sadka (2010) shows that exposure to unexpected declines in _________ is an important

determinant of average hedge fund returns, and that the spreads in average returns across funds with the highest and lowest _________ may be as much as 6% annually. A) market risk; systematic risk B) market liquidity; liquidity risk C) unsystematic risk; unique risk D) default risk; default risk

48) A hedge fund sets its fee at 2% and a 20% carry with an 8% benchmark. How much money

will a hedge fund make in fees over the course of a year if AUM started at $1,000,000 and ended the year at $1,120,000? A) $8,000 B) $22,400 C) $30,400 D) $38,000 E) None of the options are correct.

49) A hedge fund sets its fee at 2% and a 20% carry with an 8% benchmark. What is the Net IRR

to the investors if over the course of a year if AUM started at $1,000,000 and ended the year at $1,120,000? A) 8.96% B) 10.96% C) 11.30% D) 12.00% E) None of the options are correct.

50) A hedge fund sets its fee at 2% and a 20% carry with an 8% benchmark. How much money

will a hedge fund make in fees over the course of a year if AUM started at $2,000,000 and ended the year at $2,300,000? A) $68,300 B) $74,000 C) $80,400 D) $92,040 E) None of the options are correct.

51) A hedge fund sets its fee at 2% and a 20% carry with an 8% benchmark. What is the Net IRR

to the investors if over the course of a year if AUM started at $2,000,000 and ended the year at $2,300,000? A) 8.96% B) 10.96% C) 11.30% D) 12.00% E) None of the options are correct.

52) A hedge fund sets its fee at 2% and a 20% carry with an 8% benchmark. How much money

will a hedge fund make in fees over the course of a year if AUM started at $4,000,000 and ended the year at $5,300,000? A) $68,300 B) $74,000 C) $80,400 D) $92,040 E) None of the options are correct.

53) A hedge fund sets its fee at 2% and a 20% carry with an 8% benchmark. What is the Net IRR

to the investors if over the course of a year if AUM started at $4,000,000 and ended the year at $5,300,000? A) 28.65% B) 26.87% C) 24.95% D) 22.00% E) None of the options are correct.

54) Which of the following are typically organized as limited partnerships? 1. Angel Investors 2. Venture Capital Funds 3. LBO funds 4. Publicly traded corporations A) 1 and 2 B) 2 and 3 C) 1, 2, and 3 D) 2, 3, and 4 E) None of the options are correct.

55) In an LBO, which group controls how committed capital is invested (subject to some

protective covenants)? A) Limited Partners B) General Partners C) Board of Directors D) Board of Advisors E) All of the groups listed in options control how capital is committed

56) Most LBO fund last how many years? A) 5 years B) 8 years C) 10 years D) 21 years E) None of the options are correct.

57) Typically LBO offers are funded by _________ equity and _________ debt. A) 60 – 90%; 10 – 40% B) 10 – 40%; 60 – 90% C) 50%; 50% D) 1 – 5%; 95 – 99% E) 95 – 99%; 1 – 5%

58) An LBO purchases a business for $150,000,000, 75% of which is debt. In 5 years, the LBO

sells it for $300,000,000. If the debt principal remains the same, what is the internal rate of return (IRR) of this investment? A) 14.86% B) 20.00% C) 25.00% D) 37.97% E) 42.85%

59) An LBO purchases a business for $250,000,000, 80% of which is debt. In 7 years, the LBO

sells it for $350,000,000. If the debt principal remains the same, what is the internal rate of return (IRR) of this investment? A) 5.71% B) 12.50% C) 16.99% D) 20.00% E) 40.00%

60) An LBO purchases a business for $160,000,000, 70% of which is debt. In 6 years, the LBO

sells it for $325,000,000. If the debt principal remains the same, what is the internal rate of return (IRR) of this investment? A) 15.75% B) 20.00% C) 25.00% D) 28.19% E) 103.13%

61) An LBO purchases a business for $150,000,000, 75% of which is debt. In 5 years, the LBO

sells it for $250,000,000. If the debt principal is reduced to 50% of the original principal, what is the internal rate of return (IRR) of this investment? A) 14.86% B) 20.00% C) 25.24% D) 38.88% E) 75.00%

62) An LBO purchases a business for $250,000,000, 80% of which is debt. In 7 years, the LBO

sells it for $350,000,000. If the debt principal is reduced to 50% of the original principal, what is the internal rate of return (IRR) of this investment? A) 5.71% B) 12.50% C) 16.99% D) 25.85% E) 40.00%

63) An LBO purchases a business for $160,000,000, 70% of which is debt. In 6 years, the LBO

sells it for $300,000,000. If the debt principal is reduced to 50% of the original principal, what is the internal rate of return (IRR) of this investment? A) 15.25% B) 20.00% C) 22.96% D) 31.13% E) 87.50%

64) According to Kaplan and Strömberg, approximately what percent of LBO-acquired firms are

sold to a strategic buyer (traditional acquisition)? A) 1% B) 5% C) 6% D) 24% E) 38%

65) According to Kaplan and Strömberg, approximately what percent of LBO-acquired firms are

acquired in a second buyout? A) 1% B) 5% C) 6% D) 24% E) 38%

66) According to Kaplan and Strömberg, approximately what percent of LBO-acquired firms are

sold to their management (management buyout)? A) 1% B) 5% C) 6% D) 24% E) 38%

67) The name of the first year of the venture fund is called its _________. A) vintage year B) sovereign year C) entry year D) venture year E) initial year

68) Which of the following is typically not organized as a limited partnership? A) Angel investors B) Early-stage venture capital C) Late-stage venture capital D) Leveraged buyouts E) None are organized as limited partnerships

69) Which of the following are not considered private equity? A) Angel investors B) Early-stage venture capital C) Growth Capital D) Leveraged buyouts E) All are considered private equity

70) A _________ is the written agreement specifying the deal structure between the VC and an

entrepreneur. A) indenture B) debenture C) term sheet D) vintage agreement E) red herring

71) The _________ is the rate of venture cash consumption. A) incentive rate B) draw-down rate C) burn rate D) partnership rate E) All of the options are correct.

72) Which of the following are examples of venture capital exits (from portfolio companies)? A) Initial public offerings, only B) Acquisitions, only C) Write-offs and acquisitions, only D) Acquisitions and initial public offerings, only E) Initial public offerings, acquisitions, and write-offs

73) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $2,000,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 10× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $90,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 50%. What final equity position (weight) must you require for your investment? A) 10.00% B) 15.55% C) 19.00% D) 22.22% E) 26.79%

74) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $1,500,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 12× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $80,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 50%. What final equity position (weight) must you require for your investment? A) 1.80% B) 15.40% C) 19.00% D) 22.50% E) 26.79%

75) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $2,000,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 10× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $90,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 50%. What initial equity position must you require for your investment? What must be your initial valuation of the company excluding the amount of your investment? What is the internal rate of return for this investment? A) 11.11% B) 15.55% C) 19.00% D) 22.22% E) 44.44%

76) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $1,500,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 12× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $80,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 40%. What final equity position (weight) must you require for your investment? A) 1.80% B) 15.40% C) 37.50% D) 50.00% E) 76.79%

77) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $2,000,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 10× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $90,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 50%. What must be your initial valuation of the company excluding the amount of your investment? A) $2,000,000 B) $2,500,000 C) $4,500,000 D) $90,000,000 E) None of the options are correct.

78) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $1,500,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 12× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $80,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 40%. What must be your initial valuation of the company excluding the amount of your investment? A) $2,000,000 B) $2,500,000 C) $4,500,000 D) $90,000,000 E) None of the options are correct.

79) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $2,000,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 10× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $90,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 50%. What is the expected internal rate of return for this investment? A) 10.00% B) 18.40% C) 19.00% D) 25.89% E) 26.79%

80) You are an early-stage venture capitalist conducting due diligence on a biotech start-up. You

are willing to contribute $1,500,000 in the first round of financing, and you target a final exit multiple of 12× invested capital, which estimate will happen in ten years. At that time, you estimate the firm will sell for $80,000,000. You expect an additional round of financing in four years in which you will not participate that will dilute your ownership share by 40%. What is the expected internal rate of return for this investment? A) 10.00% B) 12.00% C) 18.40% D) 28.21% E) 34.70%

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 26 1) B 2) A 3) E 4) D 5) C 6) A 7) A 8) A 9) C 10) B 11) B 12) D 13) E 14) E 15) E 16) D 17) A 18) A 19) B 20) E 21) E 22) C 23) B 24) A 25) A 26) A 27) D 28) A 29) D 30) B 31) B 32) B 33) B 34) D 35) B 36) A 37) E

38) D 39) D 40) D 41) C 42) A 43) E 44) A 45) A 46) A 47) B 48) C 49) A 50) B 51) C 52) E 53) C 54) B 55) B 56) C 57) B 58) D 59) C 60) D 61) D 62) D 63) D 64) E 65) D 66) A 67) A 68) A 69) E 70) C 71) C 72) E 73) D 74) D 75) E 76) C 77) B

78) B 79) D 80) D

Chapter 27:__________ 1) In the Treynor-Black model,: A) portfolio weights are sensitive to large alpha values, which can lead to infeasible long

or short positions for many portfolio managers. B) portfolio weights are not sensitive to large alpha values, which can lead to infeasible long or short positions for many portfolio managers. C) portfolio weights are sensitive to large alpha values, which can lead to the optimal portfolio for most portfolio managers. D) portfolio weights are not sensitive to large alpha values, which can lead to the optimal portfolio for most portfolio managers. E) None of the options are correct.

2) Absent research, you should assume the alpha of a stock is: A) zero. B) positive. C) negative. D) non-zero. E) zero or positive.

3) If you begin with a _________ and obtain additional data from an experiment, you can form

a _________. A) posterior distribution; prior distribution B) prior distribution; posterior distribution C) tight posterior; Bayesian analysis D) tight prior; Bayesian analysis E) None of the options are correct.

4) Benchmark risk is defined as: A) the return difference between the portfolio and the benchmark. B) the standard deviation of the return of the benchmark portfolio. C) the standard deviation of the return difference between the portfolio and the

benchmark. D) the standard deviation of the return of the actively-managed portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

5) Benchmark risk: A) is inevitable and is never a significant issue in practice. B) is inevitable and is always a significant issue in practice. C) cannot be constrained to keep a Treynor-Black portfolio within reasonable weights. D) can be constrained to keep a Treynor-Black portfolio within reasonable weights. E) None of the options are correct.

6) _________ can be used to measure forecast quality and guide in the proper adjustment of

forecasts. A) Regression analysis B) Exponential smoothing C) ARIMA D) Moving average models E) GAUSS

7) Even low-quality forecasts have proven to be valuable because R-squares of only _________

in regressions of analysts' forecasts can be used to substantially improve portfolio performance. A) 0.656 B) 0.452 C) 0.258 D) 0.153 E) 0.001

8) The ____________ model allows the private views of the portfolio manager to be

incorporated with market data in the optimization procedure. A) Black-Litterman B) Treynor-Black C) Treynor-Mazuy D) Black-Scholes E) Markowitz-Sharpe

9) The Black-Litterman model and Treynor-Black model are: A) nice in theory but practically useless in modern portfolio management. B) complementary tools that should be used in portfolio management. C) contradictory models that cannot be used together. Therefore, portfolio managers

must choose which one suits their needs. D) not useful due to their complexity. E) None of the options are correct.

10) The Black-Litterman model is geared toward _________ while the Treynor-Black model is

geared toward _________. A) security analysis; security analysis B) asset allocation; asset allocation C) security analysis; asset allocation D) asset allocation; security analysis E) None of the options are correct.

11) Alpha forecasts must be _________ to account for less-than-perfect forecasting quality.

When alpha forecasts are _________ to account for forecast imprecision, the resulting portfolio position becomes _________. A) shrunk; shrunk; far less moderate B) shrunk; shrunk; far more moderate C) grossed up; grossed up; far less moderate D) grossed up; grossed up; far more moderate E) None of the options are correct.

12) Tracking error is defined as: A) the difference between the returns on the overall risky portfolio versus the benchmark

return. B) the variance of the return of the benchmark portfolio. C) the variance of the return difference between the portfolio and the benchmark. D) the variance of the return of the actively-managed portfolio. E) None of the options are correct.

13) The tracking error of an optimized portfolio can be expressed in terms of the _________ of

the portfolio, and thus reveals _________. A) return; portfolio performance B) total risk; portfolio performance C) beta; portfolio performance D) beta; benchmark risk E) relative return; benchmark risk

14) The Treynor-Black model is a model that shows how an investment manager can use security

analysis and statistics to construct: A) a market portfolio. B) a passive portfolio. C) an active portfolio. D) an index portfolio. E) a balanced portfolio.

15) If a portfolio manager consistently obtains a high Sharpe measure, the manager's forecasting

ability: A) B) C) D) E)

is above average. is average. is below average. does not exist. cannot be determined based on the Sharpe measure.

16) Active portfolio management consists of: A) market timing, only. B) security analysis, only. C) indexing, only. D) market timing and security analysis. E) None of the options are correct.

17) Passive portfolio management consists of: A) market timing, only. B) security analysis, only. C) indexing, only. D) market timing and security analysis. E) None of the options are correct.

18) The critical variable in the determination of the success of the active portfolio is: A) alpha or systematic risk. B) alpha or nonsystematic risk. C) gamma or systematic risk. D) gamma or nonsystematic risk. E) None of the options are correct.

19) The Treynor-Black model requires estimates of: A) alpha/beta. B) alpha/beta/residual variance. C) beta/residual variance. D) alpha/residual variance. E) None of the options are correct.

20) Active portfolio managers try to construct a risky portfolio with: A) a higher Sharpe measure than a passive strategy. B) a lower Sharpe measure than a passive strategy. C) the same Sharpe measure as a passive strategy. D) very few securities. E) None of the options are correct.

21) The beta of an active portfolio is 1.20. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 20%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 1%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 3.84%. B) 5.84%. C) 19.60%. D) 24.17%. E) 26.00%.

22) The beta of an active portfolio is 1.36. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 22%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 1.2%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 3.19%. B) 31.86%. C) 42.00%. D) 27.57%. E) 2.86%.

23) Consider the Treynor-Black model. The alpha of an active portfolio is 2%. The expected

return on the market index is 16%. The variance of return on the market portfolio is 4%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 1%. The risk-free rate of return is 8%. The beta of the active portfolio is 1. The optimal proportion to invest in the active portfolio is: A) 0%. B) 25%. C) 50%. D) 100%. E) None of the options are correct.

24) Consider the Treynor-Black model. The alpha of an active portfolio is 1%. The expected

return on the market index is 16%. The variance of the return on the market portfolio is 4%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 1%. The risk-free rate of return is 8%. The beta of the active portfolio is 1.05. The optimal proportion to invest in the active portfolio is: A) 48.7%. B) 50.0%. C) 51.3%. D) 100.0%. E) None of the options are correct.

25) There appears to be a role for a theory of active portfolio management because: A) some portfolio managers have produced sequences of abnormal returns that are

difficult to label as lucky outcomes. B) the "noise" in the realized returns is enough to prevent the rejection of the hypothesis that some money managers have outperformed a passive strategy by a statistically small, yet economic, margin. C) some anomalies in realized returns have been persistent enough to suggest that portfolio managers who identified these anomalies in a timely fashion could have outperformed a passive strategy over prolonged periods. D) some portfolio managers have produced sequences of abnormal returns that are difficult to label as lucky outcomes, and the "noise" in the realized returns is enough to prevent the rejection of the hypothesis that some money managers have outperformed a passive strategy by a statistically small, yet economic, margin. E) All of the options are correct.

26) The Treynor-Black model: A) considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic risks. B) considers security selection only. C) is nearly impossible to implement. D) considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic risks and is nearly impossible to

implement. E) considers security selection only and is nearly impossible to implement.

27) Which of the following are not true regarding the Treynor-Black model? A) It considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic risks. B) It considers security selection only. C) It is nearly impossible to implement. D) It considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic risks, and it is nearly

impossible to implement. E) It considers security selection only, and it is nearly impossible to implement.

28) A purely passive strategy is defined as: A) one that uses only active funds. B) one that allocates assets in proportions that vary with market conditions. C) one that is mean-variance inefficient. D) one that uses only index funds and allocates assets in fixed proportions that do not

vary with market conditions. E) All of the options are correct.

29) Consider these two investment strategies: Strategy 1(%) Expected return Standard deviation Highest return Lowest return

6 0 6 6

Strategy 2(%) 9 4 15 6

Strategy _________ is the dominant strategy because _________. A) 1; it is riskless B) 1; it has the highest reward/risk ratio C) 2; its return is greater than or equal to the return of Strategy 1 D) 2; it has the highest reward/risk ratio E) Both strategies are equally preferred.

30) Consider these two investment strategies: Strategy 1(%) Expected return Standard deviation Highest return Lowest return

5 0 6 5

Strategy 2(%) 10 3 12 6

31) The Treynor-Black model assumes that: A) the objective of security analysis is to form an active portfolio of a limited number of

mispriced securities. B) the cost of less than full diversification comes from the nonsystematic risk of the mispriced stock. C) the optimal weight of a mispriced security in the active portfolio is a function of the degree of mispricing, the market sensitivity of the security, and its degree of nonsystematic risk. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

32) The Treynor-Black model does not assume that: A) the objective of security analysis is to form an active portfolio of a limited number of

mispriced securities. B) the cost of less than full diversification comes from the nonsystematic risk of the mispriced stock. C) the optimal weight of a mispriced security in the active portfolio is a function of the degree of mispricing, the market sensitivity of the security, and its degree of nonsystematic risk. D) indexing is always optimal. E) None of the options are correct.

33) Consider the Treynor-Black model. The alpha of an active portfolio is 3%. The expected

return on the market index is 18%. The standard deviation of the return on the market portfolio is 25%. The nonsystematic standard deviation of the active portfolio is 15%. The risk-free rate of return is 6%. The beta of the active portfolio is 1.2. The optimal proportion to invest in the active portfolio is: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 50.0%. B) 69.4%. C) 72.3%. D) 80.6%. E) 100.0%.

34) According to the Treynor-Black model, the weight of a security in the active portfolio

depends on the ratio of _________ to _________. A) the degree of mispricing; the nonsystematic risk of the security B) the degree of mispricing; the systematic risk of the security C) the market sensitivity of the security; the nonsystematic risk of the security D) the nonsystematic risk of the security; the systematic risk of the security E) the total return on the security; the nonsystematic risk of the security

35) One property of a risky portfolio that combines an active portfolio of mispriced securities

with a market portfolio is that, when optimized, its squared Sharpe measure increases by the square of the active portfolio's: A) Sharpe ratio. B) information ratio. C) alpha. D) Treynor measure. E) None of the options are correct.

36) A purely passive strategy: A) uses only index funds. B) uses weights that change in response to market conditions. C) uses only risk-free assets. D) is best if there is "noise" in realized returns. E) is useless if abnormal returns are available.

37) A manager who uses the mean-variance theory to construct an optimal portfolio will satisfy: A) investors with low risk-aversion coefficients. B) investors with high risk-aversion coefficients. C) investors with moderate risk-aversion coefficients. D) all investors regardless of their level of risk aversion. E) only clients with whom she has established long-term relationships because she

knows their personal preferences.

38) Ideally, clients would like to invest with the portfolio manager who has: A) a moderate personal risk-aversion coefficient. B) a low personal risk-aversion coefficient. C) the highest Sharpe measure. D) the highest record of realized returns. E) the lowest record of standard deviations.

39) An active portfolio manager faces a trade-off between: 1. using the Sharpe measure. 2. using mean-variance analysis. 3. exploiting perceived security mispricings. 4. holding too much of the risk-free asset. 5. letting a few stocks dominate the portfolio. A) 1 and 2 B) 2 and 5 C) 3 and 5 D) 3 and 4 E) 2 and 3

40) To determine the optimal risky portfolio in the Treynor-Black model, macroeconomic

forecasts are used for the _________, and composite forecasts are used for the _________. A) passive index portfolio; active portfolio B) active portfolio, passive index portfolio C) expected return; standard deviation D) expected return ; beta coefficient E) alpha coefficient; beta coefficient

41) The beta of an active portfolio is 1.45. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 22%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 3%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 36.30%. B) 5.84%. C) 19.60%. D) 24.17%. E) 26.00%.

42) Consider the Treynor-Black model. The alpha of an active portfolio is 1%. The expected

return on the market index is 11%. The variance of return on the market portfolio is 6%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 2%. The risk-free rate of return is 4%. The beta of the active portfolio is 1.1. The optimal proportion to invest in the active portfolio is: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 45%. B) 25%. C) 50%. D) 100%. E) None of the options are correct.

43) Consider the Treynor-Black model. The alpha of an active portfolio is 3%. The expected

return on the market index is 10%. The variance of the return on the market portfolio is 4%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 2%. The risk-free rate of return is 3%. The beta of the active portfolio is 1.15. The optimal proportion to invest in the active portfolio is: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 48.7%. B) 98.4%. C) 51.3%. D) 100.0%. E) None of the options are correct.

44) Consider the Treynor-Black model. The alpha of an active portfolio is 2%. The expected

return on the market index is 12%. The variance of the return on the market portfolio is 4%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 2%. The risk-free rate of return is 3%. The beta of the active portfolio is 1.15. The optimal proportion to invest in the active portfolio is: Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations. A) 48.7%. B) 98.3%. C) 47.6%. D) 100.0%. E) None of the options are correct.

45) Perfect timing ability is equivalent to having _________ on the market portfolio. A) a call option B) a futures contract C) a put option D) a commodities contract E) None of the options are correct.

46) Kane, Marcus, and Trippi (1999) show that the annualized fee that investors should be

willing to pay for active management, over and above the fee charged by a passive index fund, depends on: 1. the investor's coefficient of risk aversion. 2. the value of the at-the-money call option on the market portfolio. 3. the value of the out-of-the-money call option on the market portfolio. 4. the precision of the security analyst. 5. the distribution of the squared information ratio in the universe of securities. A) 1, 2, and 4 B) 1, 3, and 5 C) 2, 4, and 5 D) 1, 4, and 5 E) 2, 3, and 5

47) Kane, Marcus, and Trippi (1999) show that the annualized fee that investors should be

willing to pay for active management, over and above the fee charged by a passive index fund, does not depend on: 1. the investor's coefficient of risk aversion. 2. the value of the at-the-money call option on the market portfolio. 3. the value of the out-of-the-money call option on the market portfolio. 4. the precision of the security analyst. 5. the distribution of the squared information ratio in the universe of securities. A) 1, 2, and 4 B) 2, 3, and 5 C) 2 and 3 D) 1, 4, and 5 E) 2, 4, and 5

48) The beta of an active portfolio is 1.60. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 18%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 5%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 36.46%. B) 22.62%. C) 19.60%. D) 24.17%. E) 27.61%.

49) The beta of an active portfolio is 0.97. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 15%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 3%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 36.30%. B) 22.62%. C) 19.60%. D) 24.17%. E) 27.61%.

50) The beta of an active portfolio is 1.36. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 14%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 4%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 36.46%. B) 22.62%. C) 19.60%. D) 24.17%. E) 27.61%.

51) The beta of an active portfolio is 2.03. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 25%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 6%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 56.35%. B) 42.62%. C) 39.60%. D) 34.17%. E) 26.00%.

52) The beta of an active portfolio is 1.17. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 23%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 6%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 32.46%. B) 30.62%. C) 29.60%. D) 27.17%. E) 36.39%.

53) The beta of an active portfolio is .80. The standard deviation of the returns on the market

index is 25%. The nonsystematic variance of the active portfolio is 3%. The standard deviation of the returns on the active portfolio is: A) 28.32%. B) 26.46%. C) 24.62%. D) 22.17%. E) 20.08%.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 27 1) A 2) A 3) B 4) C 5) D 6) A 7) E 8) A 9) B 10) D 11) B 12) A 13) D 14) C 15) A 16) D 17) C 18) B 19) B 20) A 21) E 22) B 23) D 24) C 25) E 26) A 27) E 28) D 29) C 30) C 31) D 32) D 33) D 34) A 35) B 36) A 37) D

38) C 39) C 40) A 41) A 42) A 43) B 44) C 45) A 46) D 47) C 48) A 49) B 50) E 51) A 52) E 53) B

Chapter 28:__________ 1) The CFA Institute divides the process of portfolio management into three main elements,

which are _________, _________, and _________. A) planning; execution; results B) security selection; asset allocation; action C) planning; asset allocation; feedback D) planning; execution; feedback E) risk tolerance; feedback; action

2) The planning phase of the CFA Institute's investment management process: A) uses data about the client and capital market. B) uses details of optimal asset allocation and security selection. C) uses changes in expectations and objectives. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

3) The execution phase of the CFA Institute's investment management process: A) uses data about the client and capital market. B) uses details of optimal asset allocation and security selection. C) uses changes in expectations and objectives. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

4) The feedback phase of the CFA Institute's investment management process: A) uses data about the client and capital market. B) uses details of optimal asset allocation and security selection. C) uses changes in expectations and objectives. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

5) _________ refer to strategies aimed at attaining the established rate of return requirements

while meeting expressed risk tolerance and applicable constraints. A) Investment constraints B) Investment objectives C) Investment policies D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

6) One incorrect belief that is often cited as a reason for fully funded pension funds to invest in

equities is: A) stocks have higher risk. B) bonds have lower returns. C) stocks provide a hedge against inflation. D) stocks have higher returns. E) All of the options are incorrect beliefs that are often cited.

7) _________ in the process of asset allocation. A) Deriving the efficient portfolio frontier is a step B) Specifying asset classes to be included in the portfolio is a step C) Specifying the capital market expectations is a step D) All of the options are steps. E) None of the options are steps.

8) Questionnaires and attitude surveys suggest that risk tolerance: A) increases with age. B) decreases with age. C) stays constant over the life cycle for most investors. D) cannot be assessed. E) None of the options are correct.

9) _________ can be used to create a perfect inflation hedge. A) Gold B) Real estate C) TIPS D) The S&P 500 Index E) None of the options are correct.

10) A fully funded pension plan can invest surplus assets in equities provided it reduces the

proportion in equities when the value of the fund drops near the accumulated benefit obligation. This strategy is referred to as: A) immunization. B) hedging. C) diversification. D) contingent immunization. E) overfunding.

11) Workers who change jobs may wind up with lower pension benefits at retirement than

otherwise identical workers who stay with the same employer, even if the employers have defined benefit plans with the same final pay benefit formula. This is referred to as: A) an accumulated benefit obligation. B) an unfunded liability. C) immunization. D) indexation. E) the portability problem.

12) The _________ the proportion of total return that is in the form of price appreciation, the

_________ will be the value of the tax deferral option for taxable investors. A) greater; greater B) greater; lower C) lower; greater D) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided. E) None of the options are correct.

13) An important benefit of Keogh plans is that: A) they are not taxable until funds are withdrawn as benefits. B) they are protected against inflation. C) they are automatically insured by the Federal government. D) they are not taxable until funds are withdrawn as benefits, and they are protected

against inflation. E) they are not taxable until funds are withdrawn as benefits, and they are automatically insured by the Federal government.

14) Variable life insurance: A) combines life insurance with a tax deferred annuity, only. B) provides a minimum death benefit that increases subject to investment performance,

only. C) can be converted to a stream of income, only. D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

15) Endowment funds are held by: A) charitable organizations, only. B) educational institutions, only. C) for profit firms, only. D) charitable organizations and educational institutions. E) educational institutions and for profit firms.

16) _________ center on the trade off between the return the investor wants and how much risk

the investor is willing to assume. A) Investment constraints B) Investment objectives C) Investment policies D) All of the options are correct. E) None of the options are correct.

17) The stage an individual is in her life cycle will affect her: A) return requirements. B) risk tolerance. C) asset allocation. D) return requirements and risk tolerance. E) All of the options are correct.

18) The stage an individual is in his life cycle will not affect his: A) return requirements. B) risk tolerance. C) asset allocation. D) return requirements and risk tolerance. E) All of the options lists items that are affected by the stage in the life cycle.

19) _________ are boundaries that investors place on their choice of investment assets. A) Investment constraints B) Investment objectives C) Investment policies D) All of the options are correct E) None of the options are correct.

20) The investment horizon is: A) the investor's expected age at death. B) the starting date for establishing investment constraints. C) based on the investor's risk tolerance. D) the date at which the portfolio is expected to be fully or partially liquidated. E) None of the options are correct.

21) Liquidity is: A) the ease with which an asset can be sold. B) the ability to sell an asset for a fair price. C) the degree of inflation protection an asset provides. D) the ease with which an asset can be sold and the ability to sell an asset for a fair price. E) All of the options are correct.

22) The objectives of personal trusts normally are _________ in scope than those of individual

investors, and personal trust managers typically are _________ than individual investors. A) broader; more risk averse B) broader; less risk averse C) more limited; more risk averse D) more limited; less risk averse E) None of the options are correct.

23) When a company sets up a defined contribution pension plan, the _________ bears all the

risk, and the _________ receives all the return from the plan's assets. A) employee; employee B) employee; employer C) employer; employee D) employer; employer E) Cannot determine; depends on the economic environment.

24) Suppose that the pre tax holding period returns on two stocks are the same. Stock A has a

high dividend payout policy and stock B has a low dividend payout policy. If you are an individual in a high marginal tax bracket and do not intend to sell the stocks during the holding period, A) stock A will have a higher after tax holding period return than stock B. B) the after tax holding period returns on stocks A and B will be the same. C) stock B will have a higher after tax holding period return than stock A. D) it is impossible to determine which stock will have a higher after tax holding period return given the information available. E) None of the options are correct.

25) The prudent investor rule requires: A) executives of companies to avoid investing in options of companies by which they are

employed. B) executives of companies to disclose their transactions in stocks of companies by which they are employed. C) professional investors who manage money for others to avoid all risky investments. D) professional investors who manage money for others to constrain their investments to those that would have been approved by the prudent investor. E) None of the options are correct.

26) The longest time horizons are likely to be set by: A) banks, only. B) property and casualty insurance companies, only. C) pension funds, only. D) banks and pension funds. E) property and casualty insurance companies and pension funds.

27) The longest time horizons are likely to be set by: A) banks. B) property and casualty insurance companies. C) endowment funds. D) banks and endowment funds. E) property and casualty insurance companies and endowment funds.

28) The shortest time horizons are likely to be set by: A) banks. B) endowments. C) pension funds. D) endowments and property and casualty insurance companies. E) property and casualty insurance companies and pension funds.

29) Institutional investors will rarely invest in which of these asset classes? A) Bonds B) Stocks C) Cash D) Real estate E) Precious metals

30) For an individual investor, the value of home ownership is likely to be viewed: A) as a hedge against increases in rental rates, only. B) as a guarantee of availability of a particular residence, only. C) as a hedge against inflation, only. D) as a hedge against increases in rental rates and as a guarantee of availability of a

particular residence. E) All of the options are correct.

31) Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $500,000 in a variable annuity contract. The

assumed investment return is 6%, and your life expectancy is 15 years. What is the hypothetical constant benefit payment? A) $30,000.00 B) $33,333.33 C) $51,481.38 D) $52,452.73 E) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

32) Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $500,000 in a variable annuity contract. The

assumed investment return is 6%, and your life expectancy is 15 years. If the first year's actual investment return is 8%, what is the starting benefit payment? A) $30,000.00 B) $33,333.33 C) $51,481.38 D) $52,452.73 E) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

33) The first step a pension fund should take before beginning to invest is to: A) establish investment objectives. B) develop a list of investment managers with superior records to interview. C) establish asset allocation guidelines. D) decide between active and passive management. E) None of the options are correct.

34) General pension funds typically invest _________ of their funds in equity securities. A) none B) 5–10% C) 15–35% D) 40–60% E) more than 60%

35) The optimal portfolio on the efficient frontier for a given investor depends on: A) the investor's degree of risk tolerance, only. B) the coefficient, A, which is a measure of risk aversion, only. C) the investor's required rate of return, only. D) the investor's degree of risk tolerance and the investor's required rate of return. E) the investor's degree of risk tolerance and the coefficient, A, which is a measure of

risk aversion.

36) The optimal portfolio on the efficient frontier for a given investor does not depend on: A) the investor's degree of risk tolerance, only. B) the coefficient, A, which is a measure of risk aversion, only. C) the investor's required rate of return, only. D) the investor's degree of risk tolerance and the investor's required rate of return. E) the investor's degree of risk tolerance and the coefficient, A, which is a measure of

risk aversion.

37) Target date retirement funds are not: A) funds of funds diversified across stocks and bonds. B) designed to change their asset allocation as time passes. C) a simple, but useful, strategy. D) designed to function much like hedge funds. E) None of the options are correct.

38) A _________ is established when an individual confers legal title to property to another

person or institution to manage the property for one or more beneficiaries. A) tax shelter B) defined contribution plan C) personal trust D) fixed annuity E) Keogh plan

39) Professional financial planners should: A) assess their client's risk and return requirements on a one-time basis, only. B) explain the investment plan to the client, only. C) inform the client about the outcome of the plan, only. D) assess their client's risk and return requirements on a one-time basis, explain the

investment plan to the client, and inform the client about the outcome of the plan. E) explain the investment plan to the client and inform the client about the outcome of the plan.

40) Deferral of capital gains tax: 1. means that the investor doesn't need to pay taxes until the investment is sold. 2. allows the investment to grow at a faster rate. 3. means that you might escape the capital gains tax if you live long enough. 4. provides a tax shelter for investors. A) 2 and 3 B) 1, 2, and 4 C) 1, 3, and 5 D) 2, 3, and 4 E) None of the options are correct.

41) Deferral of capital gains tax does not: 1. mean that the investor doesn't need to pay taxes until the investment is sold. 2. allow the investment to grow at a faster rate. 3. mean that you might escape the capital gains tax if you live long enough. 4. provide a tax shelter for investors. A) 3 B) 2 C) 1, 2, and 5 D) 2, 3, and 4 E) None of the options are correct.

42) Which of the following investments does not allow the investor to choose how to allocate

assets? A) B) C) D) E)

Variable Life insurance policies Keogh plans Personal funds Tax qualified defined contribution plans Universal Life policies

43) Which of the following investments allows the investor to choose how to allocate assets? A) Variable Life insurance policies B) Keogh plans C) Personal funds D) Tax qualified defined contribution plans E) All of the options are correct.

44) Pension funds: 1. accept contributions from employers, which are tax deductible. 2. pay distributions that are taxed as ordinary income. 3. pay benefits only from the income component of the fund. 4. accept contributions from employees, which are not tax deductible. A) 1 and 4 B) 2 and 3 C) 1 and 2 D) 1, 2, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

45) Pension funds do not: 1. accept contributions from employers, which are tax deductible. 2. pay distributions that are taxed as ordinary income. 3. pay benefits only from the income component of the fund. 4. accept contributions from employees, which are not tax deductible. A) 3 and 4 B) 2 and 3 C) 1 and 2 D) 1, 2, and 4 E) 1, 2, 3, and 4

46) Dusty Jones is 23 years old and has accumulated $4,000 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Dusty thinks she will retire at age 67 and figures she will live to age 81. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3.5% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 23%. Dusty now has 5% of her money in the risk-free investment and 95% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much does Dusty currently have in the safe account; how much in the risky account? A) $3,800; $200 B) $2,000; $2,000 C) $200; $3,800 D) $2,500; $1,500 E) $1,500; $2,500

47) Dusty Jones is 23 years old and has accumulated $4,000 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Dusty thinks she will retire at age 67 and figures she will live to age 81. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3.5% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 23%. Dusty now has 5% of her money in the risk-free investment and 95% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. Of the total amount of new funds that will be invested by Dusty and by her employer on her behalf, how much will she put into the safe account each year; how much into the risky account? A) $3,800; $200 B) $2,000; $2,000 C) $200; $3,800 D) $2,500; $1,500 E) $1,500; $2,500

48) Dusty Jones is 23 years old and has accumulated $4,000 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Dusty thinks she will retire at age 67 and figures she will live to age 81. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3.5% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 23%. Dusty now has 5% of her money in the risk-free investment and 95% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Dusty be sure of having in the safe account at retirement? A) $37,221 B) $16,423 C) $11,856 D) $21,156 E) $49,219

49) Dusty Jones is 23 years old and has accumulated $4,000 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Dusty thinks she will retire at age 67 and figures she will live to age 81. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3.5% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 23%. Dusty now has 5% of her money in the risk-free investment and 95% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Dusty expect to have in her risky account at retirement? A) $2,731,838 B) $2,915,415 C) $1,425,316 D) $224,651 E) $3,545,886

50) Paulina Lesky is 27 years old and has accumulated $7,500 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Paulina thinks she will retire at age 63 and figures she will live to age 90. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 12% and has a standard deviation of 39%. Paulina now has 20% of her money in the risk-free investment and 80% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much does Paulina currently have in the safe account; how much in the risky account? A) $1,500; $6,000 B) $3,000; $4,500 C) $2,000; $5,500 D) $4,800; $2,700 E) $3,500; $3,500

51) Paulina Lesky is 27 years old and has accumulated $7,500 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Paulina thinks she will retire at age 63 and figures she will live to age 90. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 12% and has a standard deviation of 39%. Paulina now has 20% of her money in the risk-free investment and 80% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. Of the total amount of new funds that will be invested by Paulina and by her employer on her behalf, how much will Paulina put into the safe account each year; how much into the risky account? A) $1,500; $2,500 B) $1,200; $1,800 C) $800; $3,200 D) $1,250; $2,750 E) $1,400; $1,600

52) Paulina Lesky is 27 years old and has accumulated $7,500 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Paulina thinks she will retire at age 63 and figures she will live to age 90. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 12% and has a standard deviation of 39%. Paulina now has 20% of her money in the risk-free investment and 80% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Paulina be sure of having in the safe account at retirement? A) $45,473 B) $62,557 C) $78,943 D) $54,968 E) $74,643

53) Paulina Lesky is 27 years old and has accumulated $7,500 in her self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Paulina thinks she will retire at age 63 and figures she will live to age 90. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 12% and has a standard deviation of 39%. Paulina now has 20% of her money in the risk-free investment and 80% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Paulina expect to have in her risky account at retirement? A) $1,800,326 B) $1,905,095 C) $1,743,781 D) $1,224,651 E) $345,886

54) Chris Silvers is 39 years old and has accumulated $128,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $2,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Chris thinks he will retire at age 62 and figures he will live to age 86. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 11% and has a standard deviation of 37%. Chris now has 25% of his money in the risk-free investment and 75% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much does Chris currently have in the safe account; how much in the risky account? A) $31,200; $46,800 B) $39,000; $39,000 C) $32,000; $96,000 D) $45,300; $32,700 E) $64,000; $14,000

55) Chris Silvers is 39 years old and has accumulated $128,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $2,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Chris thinks he will retire at age 62 and figures he will live to age 86. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 11% and has a standard deviation of 37%. Chris now has 25% of his money in the risk-free investment and 75% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. Of the total amount of new funds that will be invested by Chris and by his employer on his behalf, how much will Chris put into the safe account each year; how much into the risky account? A) $2,500; $2,500 B) $3,200; $1,800 C) $3,000; $2,000 D) $1,250; $3,750 E) $2,400; $2,600

56) Chris Silvers is 39 years old and has accumulated $128,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $2,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Chris thinks he will retire at age 62 and figures he will live to age 86. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 11% and has a standard deviation of 37%. Chris now has 25% of his money in the risk-free investment and 75% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Chris be sure of having in the safe account at retirement? A) $132,473 B) $162,557 C) $178,943 D) $189,211 E) $124,643

57) Chris Silvers is 39 years old and has accumulated $128,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $2,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Chris thinks he will retire at age 62 and figures he will live to age 86. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 11% and has a standard deviation of 37%. Chris now has 25% of his money in the risk-free investment and 75% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Chris expect to have in his risky account at retirement? A) $1,400,326 B) $1,309,529 C) $1,543,781 D) $1,224,651 E) $1,345,886

58) Alex Moore is 43 years old and has accumulated $78,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $1,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Alex thinks he will retire at age 60 and figures he will live to age 83. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 34%. Alex now has 40% of his money in the risk-free investment and 60% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much does Alex currently have in the safe account; how much in the risky account? A) $31,200; $46,800 B) $39,000; $39,000 C) $15,900; $62,100 D) $45,300; $32,700 E) $64,000; $14,000

59) Alex Moore is 43 years old and has accumulated $78,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $1,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Alex thinks he will retire at age 60 and figures he will live to age 83. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 34%. Alex now has 40% of his money in the risk-free investment and 60% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. Of the total amount of new funds that will be invested by Alex and by his employer on his behalf, how much will he put into the safe account each year; how much into the risky account? A) $1,500; $1,500 B) $1,200; $1,800 C) $2,000; $1,000 D) $2,500; $500 E) $1,400; $1,600

60) Alex Moore is 43 years old and has accumulated $78,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $1,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Alex thinks he will retire at age 60 and figures he will live to age 83. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 34%. Alex now has 40% of his money in the risk-free investment and 60% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Alex be sure of having in the safe account at retirement? A) $59,473 B) $62,557 C) $78,943 D) $89,211 E) $104,632

61) Alex Moore is 43 years old and has accumulated $78,000 in his self-directed defined

contribution pension plan. Each year he contributes $1,500 to the plan, and his employer contributes an equal amount. Alex thinks he will retire at age 60 and figures he will live to age 83. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 4% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 34%. Alex now has 40% of his money in the risk-free investment and 60% in the risky investment. He plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. His salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Alex expect to have in his risky account at retirement? A) $158,982 B) $309,529 C) $543,781 D) $224,651 E) $345,886

62) An income beneficiary is: A) a stockbroker who remained working on Wall Street after the 1987 crash. B) an employee of a trustee. C) one who receives interest and dividend income from a trust during their lifetime. D) one who receives the principal of a trust when it is dissolved. E) None of the options are correct.

63) Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $750,000 in a variable annuity contract. The

assumed investment return is 9%, and your life expectancy is 25 years. What is the hypothetical constant benefit payment? A) $30,000.00 B) $33,333.33 C) $51,481.38 D) $76,354.69 E) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

64) Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $750,000 in a variable annuity contract. The

assumed investment return is 9%, and your life expectancy is 25 years. If the first year's actual investment return is 9%, what is the starting benefit payment? A) $30,000.00 B) $33,333.33 C) $76,354.69 D) $52,452.73 E) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

65) Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $825,000 in a variable annuity contract. The

assumed investment return is 5.5%, and your life expectancy is 18 years. What is the hypothetical constant benefit payment? A) $73,358.93 B) $33,333.33 C) $51,481.38 D) $52,452.73 E) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

66) Assume that at retirement you have accumulated $825,000 in a variable annuity contract. The

assumed investment return is 5.5%, and your life expectancy is 18 years. If the first year's actual investment return is 7%, what is the starting benefit payment? A) $30,000.00 B) $74,401.95 C) $51,481.38 D) $52,452.73 E) The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

67) Which of the following are commonly thought to be good general investment guidelines? 1. Don't try to outguess the market, buying and holding generally pays off. 2. Diversify investments to spread risk. 3. Investments should be highly concentrated in your company's stock. 4. 401K money is best placed in money market accounts because risk is very low. 5. Investments should be allocated to stocks, bonds, and money market funds. A) 1, 3, and 4 B) 1, 2, and 5 C) 2, 4, and 5 D) 3, 4, and 5 E) 1, 2, 4, and 5

68) Which of the following are commonly thought to be bad general investment guidelines? 1. Don't try to outguess the market, buying and holding generally pays off. 2. Diversify investments to spread risk. 3. Investments should be highly concentrated in your company's stock. 4. 401K money is best placed in money market accounts because risk is very low. 5. Investments should be allocated to stocks, bonds, and money market funds. A) 1, 3, and 4 B) 1, 2, and 4 C) 2, 4, and 5 D) 3 and 4 E) 1, 2, 4, and 5

69) The principle of duration matching is: A) used only in bond portfolio management, only. B) a useful concept for investments with target dates, only. C) matching one's assets to one's objectives, only. D) a useful concept for investments with target dates and means matching one's assets to

one's objectives. E) None of the options are correct.

70) The principle of duration matching is not: A) used only in bond portfolio management. B) a useful concept for investments with target dates. C) matching one's assets to one's objectives. D) a useful concept for investments with target dates or matching one's assets to one's

objectives. E) None of the options are correct.

71) Target date retirement funds: A) are funds of funds diversified across stocks and bonds. B) are inappropriate for most investors. C) have very high fees. D) function much like hedge funds. E) None of the options are correct.

72) Target date retirement funds are not: A) inappropriate for most investors. B) very high in fees. C) designed to function much like hedge funds. D) concentrated only in bonds E) All of the options are correct.

73) Target date retirement funds: A) change their asset allocation as time passes, only. B) are a simple, but useful, strategy, only. C) function much like hedge funds, only. D) change their asset allocation as time passes and are a simple, but useful, strategy. E) All of the options are correct.

74) The desirable components of an Investment Policy Statement for individual investors can be

divided into: A) three main elements consisting of scope and purpose, governance, and risk management. B) three main elements consisting of scope and purpose, governance, and investment, return and risk objectives. C) four main elements consisting of scope and purpose, governance, risk management, and feedback. D) four main elements consisting of scope and purpose, governance, risk management, and investment, return and risk objectives. E) five main elements consisting of scope and purpose, governance, risk management, investment, return and risk objectives, and evaluation.

75) The scope and purpose section of an Investment Policy Statement for individual investors

typically consists of defining the: : A) return, distribution, and risk requirements. B) process for review of the IPS. C) appropriate metrics for risk measurement. D) relevant constraints. E) context, investor, and structure.

76) The governance section of an Investment Policy Statement for individual investors typically

contains: A) assigning the responsibility for determining investment policy, only. B) the review process for the IPS, only. C) assigning the responsibility for risk management, only. D) the review process for the IPS and assigning the responsibility for risk management. E) All of the options are correct.

77) The risk management section of an Investment Policy Statement for individual investors

typically contains: A) relevant constraints, only. B) other relevant considerations, only. C) performance measurement accountabilities, metrics for risk measurement, and the rebalancing process. D) relevant constraints and other relevant considerations. E) All of the options are correct.

78) The standard by which broker-dealers must select investments for their clients is _________. A) clients’ interests B) brokers’ interest C) suitability D) optimal return E) None of the options are correct.

79) The fiduciary standard for investment advisors requires they must select investments for their

clients which are classified as _________. A) clients’ interests B) brokers’ interest C) suitability D) optimal return E) None of the options are correct.

80) Which of the following is considered a passive investment? A) Income fund B) Value fund C) Growth fund D) Target date fund E) None of the options are correct.

81) The main benefit of a Roth retirement plan is that _________. A) withdrawals are tax free B) contributions are made tax free C) interest is tax deferred D) no income limits exist on participation E) None of the options are correct.

82) Which of the following has a different tax treatment than the others? A) Traditional IRA B) Roth IRA C) 401k Plan D) Deferred annuity E) None of the options are correct.

Answer Key Test name: Chapter 28 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C 5) C 6) C 7) D 8) B 9) C 10) D 11) E 12) A 13) A 14) D 15) D 16) B 17) E 18) E 19) A 20) D 21) D 22) C 23) A 24) C 25) D 26) C 27) C 28) A 29) E 30) D 31) C 32) D 33) A 34) D 35) E 36) C 37) D

38) C 39) E 40) B 41) A 42) E 43) E 44) C 45) A 46) C 47) C 48) D 49) A 50) A 51) C 52) D 53) B 54) C 55) D 56) E 57) A 58) A 59) B 60) D 61) B 62) C 63) D 64) C 65) A 66) B 67) B 68) D 69) D 70) A 71) A 72) E 73) D 74) D 75) E 76) E 77) C

78) C 79) A 80) D 81) A 82) B